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 Library 
 
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 http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924032451217 
 
Cornell University Library 
 HD6461.G8 H43 1869 
 
 Some account of the worshipful comoi 
 
 olin 
 
 3 1924 032 451 217 
 
THE WORSHIPFUL 
 
 Company of (Bxmvs. 
 
S All PIT AlfTH^IfT 
 
 //v/n /'/I rificifi/J rii rrr,/ /ionn pn-xm'rd n/ (rrnrcrs IJa/L 
 
Some Account of the Worfliipful 
 
 ompanj? of Ife^rocer0 
 
 OF THE Cirr OF LONDON 
 
 BY BARON HEATH, 
 
 F.R.S., F. A. S. 
 
 Mercibus hie Italis mutat fub Sole recent! 
 Rugofum Piper et pallentis Grana Cymini. 
 Persius. Sat. V. 
 
 Cf)irD (JBtittton. 
 
 LONDON, 1869. 
 
 [^ribatelg ^ttnte^.] 
 

 jfSt'sS 
 
 71 
 
 CHISWICK PRESS : PRINTED BY WmTTIN&HAM AND WILKINS, 
 TOOKS COURT, CHANCERY LANE. 
 
• • 
 
 A LIST OF THE MASTER, WARDENS, AND 
 
 COURT OF ASSISTANTS OF THE 
 
 WORSHIPFUL COMPANY 
 
 OF GROCERS. 
 
 1868-9. 
 
 Mr. VESEY WESTON HOLT .... M^Jier. 
 „ HENRY BAINBRIDGE BROWNING ^ 
 „ RICHARD BANKES BARRON 
 „ JOSEPH HENRY WARNER . 
 
 r Wardens. 
 
 COURT OF ASSISTANTS. 
 
 Baron John Benjamin Heath 
 
 Arthur Pott 
 
 Henry Warner , 
 
 William Pott 
 
 Williaui Thomas Steinmetz 
 
 John Hodgfon 
 
 Richard Hilhoufe 
 
 John Anfted 
 
 Henry Browning 
 
 James Layton 
 
 John AUnutt 
 
 Robert Garrard 
 
 Oftavius Edward Coope 
 
 Robert Amadeus Heath 
 
 Charles Emanuel Goodhart 
 
 Thomas Alers Hankey 
 
 Charles Hilhoufe 
 
 William James Thompfon 
 
 Cornelius Paine 
 James Cottam 
 Robert Pott 
 
 Coventry Mark Woodhoufe 
 James Norman Layton 
 Benjamin Lambert 
 John Farrer Kenfington 
 Arthur Auguftus Rafch 
 Mark Cattley 
 Vefey Wefton Holt 
 Henry Bainbridge Browning 
 Frederick Alers Hankey 
 John Garford 
 Richard Bankes Barron 
 Jofeph Henry Warner 
 James Biftiop 
 Wildman Cattley 
 
TO THE MASTER, WARDENS, AND COURT 
 OF ASSISTANTS OF THE 
 
 ^[orCbtpful Contpanp of <15rocer0 
 
 OF THE City of London. 
 
 Gentlemen, 
 
 In the year 1853 1 had the honour of prefenting to 
 you the fecond edition of my Account of the Venerable 
 Fraternity with which we are all aflbciated, and you 
 were pleafed to receive it with favour. 
 
 On the 8th of April, 1868, the following refolu- 
 tion was propofed by the then Mafter, Mark Cattley, 
 Efq. , and adopted by you : — 
 
 " Grocers' Hall, 
 
 « Sth April, 1868. 
 " At a Court of Afliftants held this day, it was refolved and 
 ordered that the Volume compiled by Baron Heath, entitled " Some 
 Account of the Grocers' Company," be reprinted, for the ufe of the 
 Members of the Court and of the prefent and future Livery, and that 
 Baron Heath be requefted to favour the Company by revifing and 
 making fuch additions to the work as he may think fit, prior to its 
 being reprinted." 
 
 Much flattered by the compliment thus paid to me, 
 and flimulated by the more recent mark of your 
 efleem conferred upon me, I have devoted fome of 
 my leifure hours to the revifal of my book and to the 
 fuperintendence of its produdlion. 
 
viii DEDICATION. 
 
 Allow me once more to dedicate to you the work 
 in its new form, and to exprefs my hope that you will 
 receive it with the fame indulgence which you granted 
 to its predeceflbrs. 
 
 I have the honour to be, Gentlemen, 
 
 With fincere efteem and attachment. 
 Yours very faithfully, 
 
 J. B. HEATH. 
 
 London, June^ 1869. 
 
PREFACE. - 
 
 [HE Grocers' Company is one of the 
 moft ancient of the twelve great Com- 
 panies of London ; and as it was, un- 
 doubtedly, the firft commercial Corpora- 
 tion ever known in England, and one from which 
 fprung, in aftertimes, fome of our greateft mercantile 
 eftablifhments, it has frequently been a fource of fur- 
 prife and of regret, that there fhould exift no account 
 of the origin and proceedings of this venerable body. 
 In the year 1689, Mr. Ravenhill, the Clerk, at the 
 period when the deftrudtion of their property by the 
 fire of London had placed them in a fituation of diffi- 
 culty, publifhed, what he termed, " The Company's 
 Cafe," to which he annexed " A fhort Account of the 
 Grocers." The objedl of " The Cafe " was to demon 
 ftrate to the world, that the Company had ever adted 
 in the moft honourable manner, and that their in- 
 ability to fulfil their engagements at that period, arofe 
 from circumftances over which they had no controul ; 
 principally from the want of faith on the part of 
 thofe who had borrowed, or rather extorted from 
 them, their funds. Mr. Ravenhill' s Account of the 
 Company confifts of a dozen pages, very fuperficially 
 written, and compofed entirely of materials gathered 
 
 b 
 
X PREFACE. 
 
 from Sfowe, and from other authors who had obtained 
 their fcanty information from tradition, without any 
 reference to the early records of the Company, of the 
 contents of which Mr. Ravenhill appears to have been 
 ignorant. Mr. Bridgman, the Clerk in 1792, was 
 the firft perfon who afcertained that the records and 
 journals of the Company were in a complete ftate; 
 and he was charged by the Court of Afliftants to col- 
 ledt and arrange them in chronological order. He 
 compiled, at the fame time, a manufcript book, con- 
 taining extradls from the earlier ordinances and regula- 
 tions by which the Company were governed, a few 
 lifts of the names of the original members, and fome 
 portions of the City charters, but he made no attempt 
 at a hiftory of the Company. I ought to ftate, that 
 the fervice he rendered in making the above compila- 
 tion, is in great meafure neutralized by the irreparable 
 injury he has inflidled on the firft volume of the 
 records, (written partly in Norman French and partly 
 in old Englifti,) by tranfcribing on its margin his own 
 modern verfion of the text. 
 
 Since I was firft enrolled as a Liveryman of this 
 ancient Brotherhood, I have conftantly lamented the 
 want of a hiftory, which could make the members 
 acquainted with their origin, as well as with the prin- 
 cipal events in which the Grocers' Company have 
 been engaged fince their formation into a Corporate 
 body, and render them familiar with the lives and 
 adions of thofe diftinguiftied and illuftrious perfonages 
 whofe names are infcribed on the records. During 
 the year I had the honour of prefiding as Mafter of the 
 
PREFACE. xi 
 
 Company, it became a part of my duty to infpedt the 
 journals with the view of confirming the correftnefs of 
 the lift of thofe Lord Mayors of London who had 
 been members of the Company, and whofe coats of 
 arms were deftined to adorn the Court-room at Gro- 
 cers' Hall. In the courfe of my refearches, I difcovered 
 materials which, if carefully digefted and arranged, 
 would furnifh all the information required, and I per- 
 ceived a feries of names calculated to {bed the brighteft 
 luftre on the City of London. Much interefted in this 
 difcovery, I formed a plan for devoting my leifure hours 
 to the arrangement of a Hiftory of the Company, 
 which I propofed to divide into three parts ; firft, an 
 Account of the Hall itfelf, and of the principal events 
 of which it has been the fcene ; fecondly, a brief 
 Hiftory of the Company ; and laftly. Biographical 
 Notices of the moft Eminent and Diftinguiihed Mem- 
 bers. The latter portion of the work increafed upon 
 me fo much as I advanced, that it became neceflary to 
 feledt the moft diftinguifhed names for the profecution 
 of my purpofe, and fimply to regifter the others ; for, 
 had I done juftice to all the individuals whofe names 
 grace the Grocers' lift of Lord Mayors, I could have 
 colledted materials for another volume. As I pro- 
 ceeded, I found that the various fpecimens of early 
 Wardens' accounts, of the details refpedting the Irifti 
 Eftate, &c., if incorporated in the narrative, would 
 impede the regularity of its courfe, and, therefore, 
 I preferred adding a fourth part to the work, in the 
 fhape of an Appendix, in which they all appear in 
 chronological order. 
 
xii PREFACE. 
 
 In the compofition of this work, I do not prefume 
 to lay claim to much original matter ; the records have 
 furnifhed me with the fubftance of my Account of the 
 Company, and I had only, in addition, to fearch for col- 
 lateral information to illuftrate certain points, which 
 otherwife would have been obfcure. The Hiftories 
 of England, of London, and the old Chronicles fur- 
 nifhed me with all I fought ; and, for the Biography, 
 I had recourfe to County Hiftories, to the Journals of 
 both Houfes of Parliament, to records in the public 
 offices, and to old trads. 
 
 The period which elapfed fince the printing of my 
 firft edition, having afforded me opportunities of redi- 
 fying certain inaccuracies which had crept into it, has 
 enabled me alfo to colled the accounts of the dif- 
 ferent Pageants conneded with the Grocers' Com- 
 pany, which furnifh curious illuftrations of the man- 
 ners and cuftoms of the times in which they were 
 celebrated, and thefe I have added to the Appendix. 
 
 I have alfo extraded from the firft volume of the 
 Company's records in the original language, thofe early 
 germs of maritime law called the Laws of Oleron, for 
 the tranflation of which I am indebted to my friend 
 Mr. Charles Devon, of Queen's Square. I now pre- 
 fent the work to my Brethren of the Company, and 
 fhould it have the good fortune to receive their appro- 
 bation, I fhall confider the time devoted to its com- 
 pofition as having been well employed, and efteem 
 myfelf amply rewarded for my labour. 
 
 1854. 
 
CONTENTS. 
 
 Page 
 
 The Hall i 
 
 The Worfhipful Company of Grocers 38 
 
 Illustrious and Eminent Members. 
 
 Anno. 
 
 1231 Andrew Bokerel lyg 
 
 1245 Sir John de Gifors 182 
 
 1267 Sir Alan de la Zouche 185 
 
 1319 Hammond Chikwell 188 ■ 
 
 1339 Andrew Aubery 191 > 
 
 1377 Sir Nicholas Brember I94' 
 
 1378 Sir John Philpot 200 ' 
 
 1385 John Churchman 203 ■ 
 
 1399 Sir Thomas Knolles 205 
 
 141 1 Sir Robert Chicheley 208 
 
 1686 Sir Thomas Chicheley 211 
 
 1418 Sir William Sevenoke 213 
 
 1431 Sir John de Welles 221 
 
 1452 Sir Stephen Browne 223 
 
 1456 Sir Thomas Cannyng 224 
 
 1470 Sir John Crofbie 229 
 
 1487 Sir John Peche 234 
 
 1510 Sir Henry Keble 237 
 
 1544 Sir William Laxton 241 
 
 1562 Laurence ShirefF 244 
 
 1563 Sir Thomas Lodge 249 
 
 1573 Sir John Rivers 252 
 
 1598 Sir Stephen Soame 254 
 
 1608 Sir Humphrey Weld 256 
 
xiv CONTENTS. 
 
 Anno. P^S' 
 
 1617 Sir George BoUes ^59 
 
 1622 Sir Peter Proby 263 
 
 1627 Thomas, Lord Coventry 265 
 
 1660 His Majefty Charles II 268 
 
 1660 George Monk, Duke of Albemarle 269 
 
 1660 Sir Thomas Alleyn 274 
 
 1661 Sir GeofFry Palmer, Knight and Baronet . . . 276 
 
 1665 Heneage Finch, Earl of Nottingham 279 
 
 1682 George, Earl of Berkeley 285 
 
 1682 Sir John Moore 287 
 
 1684 John SheiEeld, Duke of Buckinghamfliire . . . 296 
 
 1688 Sir John Cutler, Knight and Baronet 298 
 
 1689 His Majefty William III 307 
 
 1691 Charles, Earl of Dorfet and Middlefex .... 310 
 
 1738 Sir John Barnard, Kt 313 
 
 1757 William Pitt, Earl of Chatham 316 
 
 1757 The Right Honourable Henry Bilfon Legge . . 321 
 1 76 1 His Royal Highnefs Edward Auguftus, Duke of 
 
 York 323 
 
 1761 The Right Honourable Arthur Onflow .... 324 
 1765 His Moft Serene Highnefs The Hereditary Prince of 
 
 Brunfwick-Lunenburg • . . 326 
 
 1764 Charles Pratt, Earl Camden 328 
 
 1 765 His Royal Highnefs William Henry, Duke of Glou- 
 
 cefter 330 
 
 1784 The Right Honourable William Pitt 331 
 
 1792 Charles, Marquefs Cornwallis, K.G 336 
 
 1792 Major-General Sir William Medows, K.B.. . . 339 
 
 1 8 14 Robert Banks Jenkinfon, Earl of Liverpool . . . 341 
 
 18 14 Charles William Vane, Marquefs of Londonderry 346 
 
 1824 The Right Honourable George Canning . . . 347 
 
 1824 Frederick John Robinfon, Vifcount Goderich . . 358 
 
 1824 The Right Honourable Sir Robert Peel .... 359 
 
 1829 Charles Baron Tenterden -^e 
 
 1829 The Right Honourable Sir George Murray, K.B. 367 
 
 1854 Fitzroy James Henry Somerfet, Lord Raglan . . 367 
 
 1856 Admiral Lord Lyons _^ 
 
CONTENTS. XV 
 
 Anno. p^g^ 
 
 1856 Francois Certain de Canrobert, Marfhal of France 370 
 1859 The Right Hon. Sir John Laird Mair Lawrence 
 
 Bart., K.C.B. K.S.I 372 
 
 1859 H. R. H. George William Frederick Charles, Duke 
 
 of Cambridge 373 
 
 1859 The Right Honourable James Bruce, eighth Earl 
 
 of Elgin and Kincardine, K.T.G.C.B.. . . 381 
 i860 Lieutenant-Colonel Sir Herbert Benjamin Ed- 
 
 wardes, K.C.B 374. 
 
 i860 Baron Clyde of Clydefdale in Scotland, G.C.B. 
 
 K.S.I. D.C.L 376 
 
 i860 Major-General Sir John Eardley Wilmot Inglis, 
 
 K.C.B., etc. etc 377 
 
 i860 Captain Sir Francis M'Clintock, R.N. D.C.L. . 378 
 i860 Lieutenant-General Sir James Outram, K.C.B. . 379 
 
 1862 Earl Canning 382 
 
 1863 His Royal Highnefs the Prince of Wales . . . 384 
 1866 His Royal Highnefs Prince Alfred Erneft Albert, 
 
 Duke of Edinburgh 385 
 
 1868 Baron Napier of Magdala 386 
 
 Appendix. 
 
 No. 
 
 I. — ^Table of the Members of the Grocers' Company who 
 
 have been Lord Mayors of London 39 1 
 
 2. — Furniture and Ornaments belonging to the Altar of the 
 
 Grocers in St. Anthony's Church, Anno 1349 . 395 
 3. — Lift of Members of the Grocers' Company in 1373 . 396 
 4. — Les Poyntz de la Chartre d' Olyroun. In the records 
 
 dat. 1383 398 
 
 5. — Specimens of Wardens' Accounts in the reign of 
 
 Henry IV. Anno 1401 409 
 
 6. — Original Charter of Henry VI 410 
 
 7. — Tranflation of the Patent Roll of Henry VI. granting 
 
 the Company the Privilege of Garbelling . . . 412 
 8. — Specimens of Wardens' Accounts for one Year in the 
 
 Reign of Henry VL Anno 1436 414 
 
XVI 
 
 CONTENTS. 
 
 No. 
 
 9. — Extrafil: of the " Accompte of Stephen Brown, Al- 
 derman" 
 
 10. — Rate of Charges at the Public Weigh-houfe or Beam, 
 iflued by the Company in 1453 
 
 II. — Particulars of " a Fyne" levied in 1456, &c. . . . 
 
 12. — Lift of Plate belonging to the Company at various 
 Periods 
 
 13. — Specimens of one Year's Accounts " concernyng 
 Matters of Triumphe," Anno 1617 
 
 14. — " Hofanna, or a Song of Thankfgiving, fung by the 
 Children of Zion at Grocers' Hall, 7 June, 1649 " 
 
 15. — Pageants of the Grocers' Company : — 
 No. I. Sir Thomas Middleton . 1613 . 
 
 2. Sir George Bow^les . . 16 17 . 
 
 3. Sir Thomas Allen . . 1659 . 
 
 4. Sir John Frederick . . 1661 . 
 
 5. Sir Robert Hanfon . . 1672 . 
 
 6. Sir William Hooker . . 1673 . 
 
 7. Sir James Edwards . . 1678 . 
 
 8. Sir John Moore . . . 1681 . 
 
 9. Sir John Fleet . . . 1692 . 
 London's Love or Entertainment of the Parliament 
 Some Account of the Company's Eftate in Ireland . 
 Song written for the celebration of the 500th Anni- 
 
 verfary of the Grocers' Company, by C. W. Hallet, 
 Efq. and fung on the 9th May 1845 
 
 16.— 
 
 17.- 
 
 18.- 
 
 Index 
 
 Page 
 420 
 
 421 
 423 
 
 424 
 425 
 
 435 
 
 443 
 
 459 
 466 
 
 475 
 488 
 507 
 518 
 536 
 551 
 561-* 
 
 56s 
 
 583 
 585 
 
BSSSS^ \ ' 
 
 // iiiiiiik"i|illlK 
 
The Worfhipful Company 
 of Grocers. 
 
 THE HALL. 
 
 If any think thofe Halls were built merely for feafting and enter- 
 tainment (or at the moft but for pompe) they are much deceived. 
 Certainly they were both intended and improved to higher and 
 better ufes." — Roue's Burning of London^ 1667, part iii. p. 55. 
 
 EFORE I proceed to the hiftory of this 
 moft ancient and honourable Com- 
 pany, it will not, I imagine, be deemed 
 fuperfluous that I fhould make a few 
 obfervations refpedting the locality 
 now occupied by the Grocers' Hall, and detail, briefly, 
 the principal events of which it has been the fcene. 
 The earlier part of the fubjeft is neceflarily involved 
 in fome obfcurity, but I have reafon to believe, con- 
 fidering the fources from which I have derived my 
 information, that the following narrative may be re- 
 lied upon. 
 
 The firft trace difcoverable in the early records is The Site. 
 
 B 
 
2 COMPANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 that of a fynagogue, which, before the expuliion of the 
 Jews from England in 1291, occupied a portion of 
 the fite of the.prefent Hall, and which, after that 
 event, was obtained and converted into a chapel by a 
 religious fociety, called ^ Fratres de Saccd, or de peni- 
 tentid Jefu Chrifti, or, in the familiar phrafeology of 
 the time, the Brethren of the. Sack. Thefe friars, fo 
 named from wearing fackcloth, fubfifted entirely by 
 begging. 
 
 They firft came to London a. d. 1257, ^^^ fettled 
 without Alderfgate ; but King Henry III. in the 56th 
 year of his reign, gave them the Jews' Synagogue on 
 the fouth fide of Lothbury, where they continued until 
 their order was diffolved by the council of Lyons 
 A. D. 1307. It was there decreed "that the mendi- 
 cants fhould not receive into their order any others 
 fave the Preachers, Minors, and Carmelites ; but that 
 they had licenfe to enter into religions or focieties of 
 larger rule." From this time forth all mendicant friars 
 began to decreafe and, except the preaching friars, were 
 in a fliort time brought to nothing. 
 
 The brethren above mentioned purchafed the capi- 
 tal manfion of John Le Rus oppofite the chapel of St. 
 Edmund ; but " becaufe the meffuage was of the fee 
 of the Canons of Barnwell, prior John of Barnwell 
 hindered their being put into pofleflion; on which John 
 Le Rus, with the Brethren of the Sack, came to the 
 faid prior and, on his requeft, obtained permiffion of 
 the faid John for them to have it." 
 
 ^ " Eodem tempore novus ordo apparuit Londini de quibufdam fra- 
 tribus ignotis et non praevifis, quia faccis incedebant induti, Fratres 
 <Sflf« vocabanfur." — Matthew Paris, 1257. 
 
THE HALL. 3 
 
 In the reign of Henry III. the Lord Fitzwalter/ 
 hereditary chaftellain banneret or ftandard-bearer of 
 London, then refiding at Baynard's Caftle, prayed the 
 King that the Brethren of the Sack might afTign the 
 faid chapel to him ; or, in plainer terms, that they 
 might be expelled from it. The family manfion of 
 the Lord Fitzwalter,^ it appears, joined this building, 
 the pofleffion of which was confidered as convenient to 
 him, and therefore, as the chronicles ftate, " the requeft 
 was granted ; but on the condition that he fhould main- 
 tain two chaplains for the daily performance of divine 
 fervice." ^ 
 
 In the year 141 1, during the reign of Henry V. a 
 defcendant of the faid lord fold the chapel to the 
 Grocers' Company for the fum of 320 marks, and, in 
 the fubfequent reign, the family manfion alfo became 
 the property of the Company, who, having borrowed 
 great fums of money for the purpofe, built their hall 
 upon its fite. 
 
 Pennant and other writers affirm that this houfe, after 
 being ufed as the refidence of fundry chief magiftrates 
 of London, who kept their mayoralties there, degene- 
 rated into an inn,* known in the time of Ben Jonfon 
 
 ' Stowe, edit. 1633, p. 288. Newcourt, p. 516. Tanner, p. 316. 
 
 ^ Fitzwalter's houfe, in Coneyhope-lane, feems to have been the 
 fame as is mentioned under the name of the_/?ff«^ houfe in the Jewry, 
 which in the reign of King John belonged to Heredei the Jew, and 
 was firft granted by that monarch to William Earl of Surrey, the title 
 of which grant is in the Calendar of the Charter-rolls in the Tower. 
 
 ' The original runs thus : — " Quod poffint dare capellam fuam in 
 Cojeman Strete, quse dudum fuit fynagoga Judzeorum, Roberto filio 
 Walteri, ita quod invehiat duos capellanos divina fingulis diebus cele- 
 braturos." — Pat. 33, edit, i, p. i, m, 16, vol. xvii. 
 
 * " This place, firft a fynagogue, then a friery, then a nobleman's 
 
4 GOMPANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 as the Windmill Inn, in the Old Jewry, and celebrated 
 by him* as the favourite refort of the roifters and 
 mafter fpirits of thofe days ; 
 
 " Revellers, whofe lawlefs joy 
 Pains the fage ear and hurts the fober eye." * 
 
 The precife identity of the fpot is difficult to eftablifh, 
 but it is certain that the ground occupied by the Wind- 
 mill became, and is ftill the property of the Grocers* 
 Company. The fa6t itfelf is of little importance, and 
 any further inquiry refpedting it would be attended 
 with no fatisfadiory refult. Every trace of the Wind- 
 mill has long fince difappeared, its orgies are remem- 
 bered only in the pages of the dramatift, and the voice 
 of riot and debauchery, which once filled its chambers, 
 is filent and has given place to the more fober feftivity 
 which the hofpitality of the Company occafionally calls 
 forth at the Hall. 
 he Hall. The firft founding and building of Grocers' Hall 
 took place in the year 1427 and, as the details ate 
 preferved in the Company's records, I infert them 
 verbatim. 
 
 " John de Wellys, Alderman and governour, John Melborne . 
 John Olyve . Maiftres. 
 
 " Remembrance — that in here (their) tyme, that is to wite the 
 viij dai of Mai in the yeer of our Lord m.cccc.xxvij — was the furfte 
 ftoon leyd of the Groceres Place in Conyhoope-lane ' in the Warde 
 
 houfe, then a merchant's houfe wherein mayorSlties were kept, and 
 at laft a tavern." — Archaologla, vol. iii. p. 125. 
 
 1 See the comedy of " Every Man in his Humour." 
 
 2 Pope's Odyfley. 
 
 ' " Grocers' Alley was of old tyme called ' Coney-hope lane,' of 
 the fign of three coneys which hung over a poulterer's ftall at the 
 
 lane's end; within this lane ftandeth the Grocers' Hall." Stowe's 
 
 Surva'te of Londan, 
 
THE HALL. 5 
 
 of Chepe, ther beyng prefent our worfliipfull Aldermen Thomas 
 KnoUes, William Cambrigge, John WellySjRobrt Otely and many 
 othir, and fro the feide viij dai of May unto the day of here acounte 
 (that is to witen the v dayof Juyn next foUowyng) was maad the 
 foundement of the Weft gabylende of the Halle, with the ground, 
 which cofte as it foUoweth ; The wich be here accounte to, 
 
 Ffor [written Sm.'" Ixxvijlb. viljs vijd 
 
 Alfoe payd in the fame yeere-ffor the purchace ^ 
 of y= place ijxiij lb. vj s viij d 
 
 C XX 
 
 Sm.'° . . ij.iiijxlb xvs iijd" 
 
 Then follows a lift of fixty-three names of perfons, 
 
 with the amounts contributed by them towards the 
 
 building ; among them is 
 
 William Sevenoke J6 13 4 
 
 & of diverfe perfones ikallyd Bacheleris to the glazyngl 
 oftheparlore .j 9 ^3 4 
 
 In 1428 is another entry in the books to declare the 
 completion of the Hall ; it is thus worded : 
 
 " In the name of Jhii. Will.'m Cambrigge Alderman and Go- 
 vernour. Will.'m Wetenhale and John Godyn — Maiftres. 
 
 " Remembrance that in here tyme, that is to wite fro the v"' day 
 of Juin in the yeer of our Loord Jhu m.cccc.xx.vij unto the vj dai 
 of Juillij m.cccc.xx.viij was alle the foundement of the Halle fully 
 imade, except the foundement of the weft gabill ende as it apperith 
 in John Olyve and Melbourne' tyme. Alfoe in the feide Will, m 
 Wetenhalle and John Godyn tyme, alle the dores in the halle fully 
 maad, fet up and iclofid. Itm. the walle atte feid weft gabilende was 
 maad x fote in heyghte above the watir table ; alfoe the walle atte 
 eft gabill ende was maad ix fote and a half above the feide water table 
 in heyghte. Alfoe the walle on the north fyde atte parlore ende 
 xxvij fote in lengtlie, was maad to the fuUe length that is to wite 
 xxiiij fote above the feide watir-table, with the dore into the parlore 
 and ij wyndowes into the chapele and alle the remenant of the feide 
 walle was maade x fote in heighte above the feide watir-table. Alfoe 
 the cref-table on the feide north fyde of the halle was maad and layd 
 on. 
 
 " Alfoe the walle on the fouth fyde joynyng to the fouth dore was 
 maad xxj fote in length and v fote in heighte above the feide watir- 
 
6 COMPANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 table and fo from them ys xlviiij fote in length unto the weft gabill 
 ende is the feide walle maade unto the watir-table and the faid watir- 
 table ilaid on. Alfoe the foundement of the boterye and pantrye was 
 take and maad ; alfoe in the feyde yeer was beginne and full maade 
 the foundement of the parlore and chambre with the vawte,^ cheme- 
 neys & pre vies and the feide parlore and the trefance lattizid, glazid 
 and felyd with othir neceffariis as it aperith, wich cofte in here tymes, 
 as it aperith pleynely be here aconte, as followyth — 
 
 Sm'" ^508 . 10 
 
 The following are a few of the items paid by the 
 fellowlhip of Grocers towards the building ; they are 
 curious, inafmuch as they fhow the great difference 
 between the prices of that period and thofe of our own 
 times : — 
 
 For chalke and ftoon and cartage £18 11 5 
 
 For lyme 22 4 Si 
 
 fande and loom 10 6 6 
 
 Mafon's weages with maiftre mafon's rewarde . . 592 
 
 Tymber with the cofte and cariage 48 5 6 
 
 Carpenter's weages with the maiftre carpenter's re- 
 ward 59 8 4i. 
 
 Makyng of the celour, the batements & kervying of 
 the keyys in the parlore and trefance withouten and in 
 the baye wyndowe of the chambre with werie boards 
 and lattices in the feyde parlore and chambre .... 10 8 8 
 
 To dawbers 2 18 3 
 
 For expences and coftis maad on oure gardyne . . 100 
 Payde for the new vynes that is fette byfore the par- 
 lore wyndours 0134 
 
 Unwroughte Stapylton ftoojie ; reidy hewe for the 
 faame for wyndowes, wyndow jambes and fills. Cref- 
 table mefth". in ftoon hewn for the fowth fyde of the 
 halle, afliler, coyne, Ikew ragge, chalke, fluit-tyles and 
 
 eftriche boarde 32 2 1 1 
 
 For coftages of the gardyne 4^. 8d. and by the hand 
 of John Godyn for makyng of the Erber," carvyng newe 
 rayling off" alle the vynes and gardyne 887 
 
 ' Vault. 2 Arbour. 
 
THE HALL. 7 
 
 The finifliing of the Hall appears to have been cele- 
 brated by a dinner, for, under date of the 5th February, 
 1428, is found the following entry : — 
 
 For the fyrfte dynner imade in the parlore to oure 
 Aldermen andothir manyworthie men of the fellifhipp £568 
 
 Five years afterwards, in 1433, the Company en- 
 creafed their property about the Hall, as it feems they 
 paid for " the purchafyng the remaynder of the 
 voide grounde, fumtyme the Lord Fitzwalter's Halle, 
 f,'i\. 17. 8," and with it enlarged their garden. I _The 
 find, on examination or the accounts or expenditure, 
 that they took great pleafure in their garden, on the 
 cultivation and adornment of which they fpent con- 
 fiderable fums : the item of " coftys at our gardyns" 
 is of yearly occurrence ; and, no doubt, it was kept in 
 a perfed: ftate, for, to the beginning of the feventeenth 
 century, it was reforted to by the inhabitants of the 
 neighbourhood, and, indeed, by the citizens at large, 
 as a place of recreation.^ It is defcribed as containing 
 alleys, hedge-rows, and a bowling-alley, with an an- 
 cient tower, of ftone and brick at the north-weft corner 
 which, probably, was part of the manfion of the Fitz- 
 wahers and, in that cafe, was the oldeft building within 
 the walls of the city.^ There muft have been fome 
 pecuniary advantages derivable from the cuftody of the 
 garden; for, in the month of April, 1574, "Thomas 
 Hervey, our clerk," fay the Ordinances, " was humble 
 fuitor to have the keepinge of the garden ; whofe fuit 
 being confidered of, hoping that he will keep it in 
 better order than of late it hath been, finding all plants, 
 
 ^ Malcolm's Hiftory of London. 
 ^ Northouck's Hiftory of London. 
 
8 COMPANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 feeds, powles and other things thereto belonging, it is 
 agreed that he fhall have the accuftomed ftipend for 
 keepinge of the fame, which is ;^ 3. 6. 8, upon condy- 
 cyon that he fhall not fuffer any common bowling 
 there, but only for brothers of the Companie, and 
 foure or five ancient neyghbors dwellyng in the Powl- 
 terie." 
 
 The clerk, however, does not appear to have attended 
 much to this caution, for in 1584 his negligence called 
 forth the following remonftrance ; " The Court being 
 informed that the clerk of the Companie did fuffer to 
 play at cards and tables in the tower and alfoe in his 
 owne houfe, which was not thought good or convenient 
 to be any longer fuffered or permitted, he was charged 
 thenceforth not to fuffer fuch like playing, unleffe upon 
 the ftone in the garden, but in no fecret place, & that 
 no man fhould bowl in the garden unleffe of the Com- 
 panie or fome of the honefl & ancient neighbours 
 dwelling near about and no common bowling to be 
 permitted in any wife." 
 
 My conjedture of fome pecuniary advantage accruing 
 from the garden to the officers of the Company is 
 founded on the following paffage inferted in the books 
 in July 1601 ; "The keepinge of the garden being 
 mofl freely and lovingly granted to Richard Gough, 
 clerk of this Companie, wkA all fees, herbes, and pro- 
 Jits thereunto belongynge, refervinge onlie to Richard 
 Tomkins the beadle, the keepinge of the bowling*^ 
 alley with the benefit thereof during pleafure, on the 
 condition that he fuffer no other companie to repair 
 theretoe but brothers of the Companie and neighbours 
 of honefl reputation within the parifh, whereby the 
 garden may not be damnified nor any diforder had 
 
THE HALL. 9 
 
 and after his death to return to the clerk as hereto- 
 fore." 
 
 The garden remained unchanged until 1798 when 
 the prefent Hall was commenced ; its dimenfions were 
 then contradted by the increafed fize of the buildings 
 and a ftill further alteration took place in 1802, when 
 the Bank of England was extended to its prefent 
 boundaries to the eaft of Prince's Street. The new 
 carriage-entrance opened in this ftreet in 1827, has 
 procured for the Company a facility of ingrefs and 
 egrefs, the want of which had been felt for many 
 years. 
 
 Among other appendages attached to the Hall was The Ai- 
 an armoury, regularly fupplied with weapons ofFenfive ^°^^^' 
 and defenfive, which feems to have been reforted to 
 by the city authorities in all cafes of adtual or appre- 
 hended tumult. The period of its firft eftablifliment 
 does not appear in the books ; for, although the earlieft 
 notice of it is in 1558, it is clearly demonftrated that 
 it had exifted fome time before. Under date of the 
 24th Auguft of that year, is an entry, fhowing that 
 " John Edwyn, armourer, had a grante of 1 3^^. 4^. 
 yeerly from the Companie for kepinge of the harneffe 
 and other thinges in the armorye made unto him the 
 26 daie of April 1555, and having fince well and 
 honeftlie kept the faid armorye in good order and 
 readynefTe whenever it might be required, it was 
 agreede, on accounte of the armes in the faid armorye 
 being more than it was when faid wages were graunted, 
 that the faid Edwyn fhould have izd. a daie for 
 every dale's worke he fliould doe in byrnyrfhing and 
 dreflyng of alle the harneffe then remaining in the 
 houfe, over and above the i "^s. j^d." Belides the arms 
 
 c 
 
10 COMPANY OF GROCERS. 
 
 and harnejfe, the Company was at times called upon to 
 
 furnifti ammunition and even men, both for military 
 
 and naval fervice, as appears by the following extracts : 
 
 —"In July 1557, the Wardens were to provide 60 
 
 good, fadd and hable men to be fouldgears, whereof 2 
 
 to be horfemen well horfed and armyd, 20 of them to 
 
 be harquebufiers or archers, 20 to bear pikes and 18 to 
 
 be billmen, all well harny{hed and weponed, mete and 
 
 convenient, accordynge to the appoyntment of our 
 
 Soveraine Lorde and Ladye the King's and Queene's 
 
 Majeftie ; as well for the fecuritie of the Queene's 
 
 highnefs' moft royal perfon, as for the furetie and fafe- 
 
 guarde of their highneffe's chambre and citie of London 
 
 and the refiftaunce of fuch malitious attempts as may 
 
 happen to be made againft the fame by anny foraigne 
 
 enemie." 
 
 In 1562, a precept from the Lord Mayor diredls 
 " XXXV good, apte and talle perfonnes to be fouldgears, 
 XXIV of whom to be armed with corfelettes and wea- 
 poned with pykes or bills." Another, in 1569, orders 
 60 men "of honefte behavioure" to be provided to 
 ferve the Queen, " each to be well and fufficiently 
 furnyfhed with a jerkyn and a paire of galley flopps of 
 erode clothe, calyver matches with flafks, a m^orion, a 
 fworde and a dagger, and every of them to be paid 8^. 
 for prefTe money to marche againft the rebels in the 
 northe."* 
 
 ' Under date of 1586-1587 1 find the following entry in the books : 
 " Payd to the armorer for the attendance of hys three fervaunts 
 three feverall dayes uppon iiij pykemen furnifhed foorth by this Com- 
 pany at the buryall of Sir Phillip Sydney, ioj." 
 
 My talented friend, Mr. Peter Cunningham, in his admirable Hani 
 Book of London, which ought to find a place in every library, ftates 
 
THE HALL. ii 
 
 Shortly after it was thought neceflary that a ftore of Depofitof 
 gunpowder fhould be kept by the different Companies ^^"P°"'" 
 in London, to be in readinefs in cafe of need ; and, 
 accordingly, on the 7th of June 1 574, the Lord Mayor, 
 in purfuance of an order received from the Queen's 
 Council, fignified, " that certaine provifion of gun- 
 powder fhould be made, to remain within the citie, as 
 well for the better defence thereof in times of peryl 
 and daunger, as well as for prefent fervice of the fame, 
 if need required ; that this and the other Companies 
 fhould, after the rateable and proportionable allotment, 
 provide their fhares thereof; the fame to be kept in 
 their owne bawls or other convenient places, viz'. 14 
 fyrkins of the gunpowder called corne powder, every 
 fyrkin to containe 60 pounds nett at the leaft and foe 
 much more as fhould be thought goode by them." 
 
 The only contribution made to Queen Elizabeth's 
 navy appears under date of June 1578 ; and, I am 
 afraid, that fome violence and compulfion were reforted 
 to on the occafion, for I find the order " to provide 15 
 men for her Majeftie's fhippes," followed by the entry 
 of a payment "to the city chamber of ^^8. 19. 4 for 
 1 5 blew cotes made for the 1 5 men which were preJJ'ed 
 by this Companie, to ferve in the Queen's Majeftie's 
 fhippes." 
 
 Entries relating to the keeping up the armoury, the 
 loan of arms to the city, and the flock of gunpowder, 
 are continued in the records from time to time till 
 the great fire of London in 1666, when all mention 
 
 that the Grocers' Company attended the funeral of Sir Philip Sydney. 
 I find no other mention of the faiSt in the Company's books than the 
 one quoted. 
 
12 COMPANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 refpedling them ceafes. So much importance was 
 attached to the powder being kept in good order, that 
 it was occafionally fold and replaced by frefli. In July 
 1609, part of the flock of gunpowder was difpofed of 
 to prevent fpoiling, at the price of £3. per cwt. and 
 the Company credited for the produce which was 
 j^20. 5J-. 6d. In January 1650, the removal of the 
 powder from the turret was refolved upon by the 
 Court, in confequence " of the lamentable accident 
 which latelie happened;" and it was placed in fome 
 more remote part of the building. The accident 
 alluded to was the explofion of 27 barrels of powder 
 at a fhip-chandler's in Tower Street, which blew up 
 60 houfes with their inhabitants, and caufed an enor- 
 mous deftrudtion of property as well as of human 
 life.i 
 e Hall The favourable fituation of Grocers' Hall, being in 
 als, &c. the very centre of the city, rendered it a moft eligible 
 place for holding meetings and aflemblies, and the 
 Company availed themfelves of the advantage. It was 
 frequently let for feftivals, as I find an entry in 1 564 
 fetting forth that " Mr. Mallorie, fonne to the Lord 
 Mayor, and others, praied the Wardens to have the 
 ufe of the common hall, parlore and kitchyn of Gro- 
 cers' Hall, on Fryday 9 februarye, to make a fupper to 
 divers gentlemen of Gray's Inne, for the great amitie 
 betweene them and the Middle Temple gents," which 
 was agreed to ; the fame not to be taken as a precedent 
 hereafter. In the courfe of time, fome abufes appear 
 to have arifen in this fyftem of letting, for, in 1 649 it 
 was ordered "that, for the future, the Company's 
 
 1 Maitland's Hiftory of London, vol. i. p. 420. 
 
THE HALL. 13 
 
 Hall fhall not be lent or made ufe of by ftrangers for 
 burials, country feafts and the like, without leave of 
 the Wardens;" and in 1678 the Company's officers 
 made a formal complaint that, though they had the 
 care and refponfibility of the Hall and its appurte- 
 nances when it was let to ftrangers for dinners, funerals, 
 country feafts or weddings, they were oftentimes ex- 
 cluded ; whereupon it was ordered that, " in future, 
 the Hall is never to be let for fuch purpofes, unlefs the 
 officers are retained and employed." The amount of 
 confideration required by the Company on thefe occa- 
 fions does not appear ; but I fhould imagine it to have 
 been very moderate, becaufe the whole interior of the 
 Hall was for many years in a rude ftate. 
 
 The apartments in the Hall were not wainfcoted The Hail 
 until the year 1591 and the undertaking was deemed ""^™ 
 fo important, that, after mature deliberation, the War- 
 dens were ordered " to confer with a joynere of abilitie 
 and a fkilfull workeman how the fame may be conve- 
 niently wainfcoted upon the view and fight of good 
 and convenient patterns;" this was afterwards done 
 under the diredlion of one Stickells, who was " to 
 overfee the worke at the weages of zod. a dale, his 
 two chiefe workmen 1 %d. and the reft 1 6d. a daie, and 
 two boys 8(/. a daie." The great parlour was not 
 boarded until 1631, up to which time it had been 
 ftrewed with rufhes, according to the old Englifti 
 cuftom. On the 2nd September in that year, the Fittings & 
 Court," takyng into confideracyon the inconveniencie 
 and noyfomenefs of the rufhes in the parlore, efpe- 
 ciallye in the fumer time, and alfoe how fubjedt they 
 were to the greate daunger of fyre in the wyntere," or- 
 dered that the Wardens fliould fend for workmen and 
 
1 4 COMPANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 take care that the fame parlour fhould be well and fuf- 
 ficiently boarded " with all convenyent fpeede ; " and 
 that three dozen of chairs, " beinge of the beft Raufhe 
 leathere," for the furnifhing the faid room, fhould be 
 provided. I fhould add, in further illuflration of my 
 idea refpedling the ill flate of the Hall and its want of 
 every kind of accommodation, that a formal refolu- 
 tion was pafTed in 1575, in confequence of the Court 
 " beinge put in remembraunce by the Wardens of the 
 lacke of napery that is in this houfe," to enable the 
 faid Wardens to incur the ferious expenfe of providing 
 " one table clothe of damafke and two table clothes of 
 diapere, togethere with napekins, as they fhall thinke 
 needefull." There was, befides, to be provided "a 
 new herfeclothe of velvet, fayre and embroydered with 
 the Companie's armes and other gode thynges." This 
 herfeclothe was invariably ufed at the funerals of thofe 
 members of the Company who were conveyed to the 
 Hall previous to interment ; and on thefe occafions 
 dinners were given, as I find in 1589, " Paide to Ro- 
 berte Peacocke, Stewarde, for Sir Thomas Ramfey his 
 dynner at his buriall ^20."* 
 
 It is confolatory, however, to know that the great 
 officers of ftate, at the early period I allude to, were as 
 fcantily provided m their domeflic arrangements as the 
 Grocers' Company ; this is fhown to demonflration by 
 a note in the books dated January 1583 which fets 
 forth that " the two long tables in the parlor, with the 
 treffels and table-cloth belonging to them, were lent 
 to the Chancellor,^ at his requefl, for the celebration 
 
 ' The Fiflimongers' Company have preferved their herfeclothe or 
 pall, which is fhown with the other curiofities at their Hall. 
 2 Sir Thomas Bromley. 
 
THE HALL. 15 
 
 of the marriage of his daughter." It is evident the 
 Court of Chancery, in Queen Elizabeth's time, was 
 not fo fruitful a fource of revenue as it is at prefent. 
 Let the reader imagine my Lord Lyndhurft borrow^ing 
 an oak table and table-cloth for the marriage of his 
 daughter! Horrefco ref evens! 
 
 The firft member of the Company w^ho gave the Sir Steph. 
 example of liberality towards the embellifliment of °*'"*" 
 Grocers' Hall was Sir Stephen Soame : he had been 
 Mafter of the Company and had ferved the office of 
 Lord Mayor in 1598. InO dlober 1 6 1 7 it was recorded 
 that " the offere of Sir Stephen Soame to new ciel the 
 Kail, though it fhould coft him ^500, is thankefullie 
 andlovynglie accepted by the Courte and Companie ;" 
 and ^20 was ordered to be contributed towards it by 
 the Wardens. The work was completed and Sir Ste- 
 phen, having magnanimoufly refufed the Company's 
 ;^20, received a ilrong vote of thanks for his gene- 
 rofity. The details of this tranfadtion will be found 
 in the biographical Iketch of this worthy Citizen. 
 
 In 1 64 1, when the forced adjournment of the Houfe Commit- 
 of Commons took place in confequence of the un- sa^fety. 
 guarded attack upon its privileges by Charles I. a 
 grand Committee of Safety was appointed to watch 
 over the interefts of the nation ; or, in plainer terms, 
 to condud: the inflammatory bufinefs of the times.* 
 This body, which was commiffioned to hold its fittings 
 in the Guildhall, not finding that a convenient place 
 by reafon of the multiplicity of the city afi'airs, ad- 
 journed to Grocers' Hall, where they, "pretending 
 fears," fays Lord Clarendon, "for the fafety of the 
 
 ' Maitland's Hiftory of London, and the other hiftorians. 
 
1 6 COMPANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 friends of liberty ; and feeling, in reality, a dread of 
 the moderate men who had been pointed out to the 
 mob as the enemies of their country, appointed a 
 fub-committee to draw up certain heads for their fafe 
 return to Weftminfter on the Tuefday following ; and 
 who refolved that the Sheriffs of London and Middle- 
 fex fhould raife the poje comitatus, to guard the King 
 and Parliament for that day." 
 
 The Committee, although it occafionally held its 
 meetings at the halls of other companies, continued to 
 lit at Grocers' Hall, at intervals, for feveral years after. 
 In the " PerfeSi Diurnal," a newfpaper publifhed at 
 the time, I find a notice, dated the 8th of April 1644, 
 which ftates that " both Houfes adjourned till Satur- 
 day, and appointed to-morrow to fit in Grand Com- 
 mittee at Grocers' Hall, London, to haften bufinefTe 
 for the advance of the armies ; " and, on the day follow- 
 ing, that " the Committee of both kingdoms, and the 
 feveral Committees appointed to fit at Grocers' Hall 
 and to meet about the militia, make a report to the 
 Houfe in what forwardnefl"e the forces were that are 
 appointed to be at the rendezvous : that the Earle of 
 Mancheflier hath fignified he will not faile to be at the 
 rendezvous in perfon, with horfe and foot and that 
 his horfe are on their march accordingly towards Bed- 
 ford." 
 
 In 1648, that year fo difgraceful to the Englifh 
 Annals, during which Charles I. was beheaded. General 
 Fairfax, Commander of the Parliament Army, arbi- 
 trarily levied a fum of _^40,ooo on the City, towards 
 the payment and maintenance of his foldiers." A 
 
 ^ Rufhworth's Col. vol. iv. p. 2. 
 
THE HALL. 17 
 
 demur taking place in the raifing of this fum, and Attempt- 
 fymptoms of difcontent having manifefted themfelves f,on"or 
 about the fame time on other accounts, the General "■°°P=- 
 ordered two regiments of foot and feveral troops of 
 horfe to march into the city to haften the coUedtion of 
 the money. Under date of the 21ft December in 
 that year, the Court of the Grocers' Company were 
 informed "that a quarter-mafter had been to view the 
 hall for the taking up of quarters for the foldiers of 
 the army." A petition againft this intruiion was in- 
 ftantly prepared and forwarded to Sir Thomas Fairfax 
 and, in the mean while, the Company's plate and 
 papers were ordered to be moved to a place of fafety 
 under the care of the Wardens. The Company had 
 been drained of the greateft part of their money during 
 the reign of Charles I. and indeed, I may add, during 
 feveral of the preceding reigns : whether this fadl or 
 the petition of the Company proved moft efficacious, 
 I do not know, but I find no record of their having 
 been haralTed on this occafion. Their neighbours were 
 lefs fortunate, for, after the troops had quartered at 
 Blackfryars and in the neighbourhood, they proceeded, 
 by order, to fecure the treafuries of the Weavers, 
 Haberdafhers and Goldfmiths Halls, from the firft of 
 which they took ^^20,000.^ This proceeding was 
 endeavoured to be juftified in an artful letter from the 
 General to Sir John Warner, the Lord Mayor, who, 
 by the way, was a Grocer and, on that account per- 
 haps, influential with Sir Thomas in faving the Hall 
 from the pollution which impended over it. 
 
 In the following year, a grand entertainment was 
 
 ' Maitland's Hiftory of London, vol. i. 
 D 
 
1 8 COMPANY OF GROCERS. 
 
 'ft to given at Grocers' Hall by the Corporation to Crom- 
 l plir- well and Fairfax, who had returned in triumph to 
 London after the furprife at Northampton of the 
 mutinous regiments which had refufed to go to Ireland. 
 Fairfax was prefented with a bafin and ewer of pure 
 gold, and Cromwell with ^^3°° worth of plate and 
 200 pieces of gold and "great rejoicing there was, 
 and fmiling too, at this the cities kindnefs."^ The 
 fentiments of the Citizens on this occafion were mani- 
 fefted in a variety of ways ; murmurs, not loud but 
 deep, were uttered and, as is ufual in all cafes where 
 the public mind is excited, lampoons and pafquinades 
 iffued from the prefs in abundance. One publication, 
 in particular, excited great attention and fome merri- 
 ment ; it ranks above thofe pafling trifles which are 
 read with avidity at the moment and afterwards for- 
 gotten. At the entertainment before alluded to, many 
 fpeeches of compliment and congratulations to the 
 generals were made, and a deal of what Cafca,^ more 
 forcibly than elegantly calls " ftinking breath," uttered 
 by the republicans. It is a parody on thefe fpeeches 
 that compofes the little work referred to, and more keen 
 and cutting fatire was never committed to paper. As 
 the fcene is laid at Grocers' Hall and as the matter is 
 fhort, I cannot refift giving it verbatim, in the Appen- 
 dix, as I found it in Lord Somers's tradls.^ 
 iueen The government of the Commonwealth appear to 
 
 ' ^'^f ■ have been tremblingly alive to the deftrudtion of every 
 memorial of Royalty, no matter how ancient or how 
 trifling. The exiftence of Queen Elizabeth's arms at 
 
 ' Heath's Chronicle. 2 Julius Cafar. 
 
 ^ Firft Colledtion, vol. i. p. 212. 
 
 ei 
 
THE HALL. 19 
 
 the upper end of Grocers' Hall appears to have given 
 them umbrage; for, on the 25th February 165 1, the 
 Lord Mayor addreffed a letter to the Wardens, dired:- 
 ing the faid arms to be taken down, and replaced by 
 thofe of the Commonwealth, '* or by fome other 
 piece." The Court of Affiftants did not evidently 
 approve of this interference; for, after confiderable 
 hefitation, they agreed " that the fulfilment of this 
 order fhould be left to the Wardens, to caufe the fame 
 to be done at as eafy a charge as they can, not exceed- 
 ing the fum of three pounds." Some further inftances 
 of the vexations pradtifed by this precious government 
 will be found in the notice of the Company's hiftory 
 in another part of this volume. 
 
 The fame fpirit of diflike to the ufurping Protestor 
 is obfervable in the condud of the Company in the 
 early part of 1654 : they knew 
 
 " That to his power he would 
 Have made them mules, filenced their pleaders and 
 Difproperty'd their freedoms ; holding them, 
 In human adtion and capacity, 
 Of no more foul, nor fitnefs for the world. 
 Than camels in the war, who have their provender 
 Only for bearing burdens, and fore blows 
 For finking under them." ' 
 
 On the 3rd February, " notice was given to the Court 
 of the citye's intention of entertaining the Lord Pro- 
 tedlor at this Hall, as it was lately agreed upon by the 
 Lord Mayor, Aldermen, and Common Council." It 
 was notified that fomething would be exped:ed of this 
 Company, among others, "for the gracing of this 
 entertainment in their {landing railes, for which it was 
 
 ' Coriolanus, K& ii. Scene 4. 
 
20 COMPANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 fuppofed fome exprefs would be iffued out in writing ; 
 and, therefore, the diredlion of the Court was defired 
 what fliould be done in this Company to give fatisfac- 
 tion therein ? " In reply to this, it was agreed and 
 ordered, " upon confideration thereof, that if any ex- 
 prejfe Jhall come, requiring this Company's perform- 
 ance, that the managing of the faid bufinefs fhall be 
 referred to the care and diredtion of the Wardens, and 
 they to order and appoint, at the charge of this Coni' 
 pany, whatever Jhall be required by exprejfe." No 
 exprefs did come, and the Company were fpared the 
 humiliation of adting upon compulfion in dired oppo- 
 fition to thofe feelings of loyalty and of attachment to 
 their legitimate Sovereign which they had always pro- 
 feffed and afterwards difplayed, in fo eminent a degree, 
 at the reftoration. 
 ft to Under the conftant influence of thefe principles, it 
 "n " is not furprifing that the Grocers fhould feize with 
 eagernefs the earlieft opportunity that offered of pub- 
 licly teftifying them. They invited General Monk 
 and his commanders to a fplendid entertainment at 
 their Hall, on the 8th of February 1660, that event- 
 ful year which reftored King Charles to the throne of 
 his anceftors. 
 
 To render this feftival the more remarkable, it was 
 ordered that, in the courfe of it, the Mafter and 
 Wardens " fhould tender the freedom of this Company 
 to the Lord General, as a mark of the particular re- 
 fped: and gratification of this Society to his Excellency, 
 for his profeflions of tendernefs and care for the honour 
 and fafety of the city," This is the firft inftance of 
 the Company's freedom being beftowed upon an indi- 
 vidual in approbation of public fervices ; and furely 
 
THE HALL. 21 
 
 one more deferving of fuch honourable diftindiion 
 could not have been feledted. To give the reader an 
 idea of the fplendour of this entertainment, which 
 created fuch a fenfation at the time/ it is only necef- 
 fary to ftate that it coft £21^; a fum never before ex- 
 pended for fuch a purpofe. 
 
 On the 29th of May 1 660, King Charles the Second The Re- 
 made his public entrance into London ; and, on this 
 occafion, the Grocers took a confpicuous part in the 
 pageant furnifhed by the City. Sir Thomas AUeyn, 
 Lord Mayor, a member of their Company, received 
 his Majefty in a fplendid pavilion erected for the 
 occafion in St. George's Fields, and, after a fuitable 
 addrefs, delivered the city fword into the King's hand, 
 who, with it, conferred upon him the honour of 
 knighthood. " The 29th of May," fay the records, 
 " being the day of His Majefty's birth, is appointed to 
 be annually obferved for the reftauration of His Sacred 
 Majefty to his dominions and dignity." The above 
 refolution was pafled after His Majefty had conde- 
 fcended to accept the office of Sovereign Mafter of the 
 Company ; and, fince that period, an entertainment 
 has been regularly given at the Hall on the 29th of 
 May, under the name of " The Rejioration Feaji." 
 
 I have now to advert to an event which caufed a Fire of 
 greater deftrudtion of property and entailed more fevere ^°"°°"- 
 and protradted diftrefs upon the city of London than 
 any that has occurred before or fince, not even except- 
 ing the great plague of 166 1. The latter caufed great 
 temporary mifery, but the former, in its effefts, was 
 felt for feveral generations after. The Grocers' Com- 
 
 1 See Pepys' Diary, vol. i. 
 
22 COMPANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 pany participated in the general ruin, and did not begin 
 to Recover from the confequences for nearly a century 
 after. It is not my intention to give a defcription of 
 this great fire, becaufe it is to be found, at length, in 
 every book vs^hich treats of the hiftory of London,* and, 
 befldes, it would be foreign to my purpofe to do fo. 
 
 The fire, which extended its ravages northward to 
 far beyond Lothbury, confumed in its progrefs Grocers' 
 Hall and all the adjacent buildings, fave the turret in 
 the garden.^ With the exception of the Company's 
 records, every particle of the property in the Hall was 
 deftroyed. Under date of the 9th November 1666, 
 are the particulars of an account given to the Court, 
 by the Wardens, " of the Company's plate being 
 melted in the Hall, in the late violent and deftrudtive 
 fire, and the melted parcels carefully taken up and put 
 together, and of the Company's urgent occafions for a 
 fupply of money ; " whereupon it was ordered, " that 
 the fame be fold and difpofed of to the beft advantage 
 and benefit of the Company." After a fchedule of 
 the Company's houfes and rents, as they exifted before 
 the fire, had been read to the Court, Mr. Warden 
 Webb declared " that divers matters of importance are 
 behind, very behooffiiU to be taken into confideration, 
 which, in regard of the fhortnefs of the days, the dif- 
 tance of divers perfons' abodes, and the danger and 
 troublefomenefs of going, in the dark, among the 
 ruins, cannot at prefent be moved to admit of time for 
 debate and determination ; and, therefore, he and his 
 brethren, the Wardens, did agree to have a Court of 
 
 ' See Maitland and Northouck's Hiftories. 
 
 ^ In this turret were fortunately depofited the Records and Muni- 
 ments of the Company. 
 
THE HALL. 23 
 
 Affiftants here every Friday, in the afternoon, for fome 
 continued time weekly, where they would attend for 
 fettling the Company's bufinefs in fome order and 
 form, and defired the members of this court to fhew 
 their forwardnefs in appearing and giving their advice 
 and afliftance for the concerns of the Company," The 
 place of meeting was the turret-houfe, which ferved 
 alfo as a refidence for the clerk, whofe prefence on the 
 fpot was confidered efTential. 
 
 The filver recovered from the ruins was remelted, 
 and produced nearly 200 lb. weight of metal, which 
 was fold for prefent fupplies; and it was declared 
 " that the particular parcels of melted plate (hall be 
 made up again, and the arms and infcriptions of every 
 perfon graved therein, for the donor's memorial and 
 future encouragement of fucceffion, as money fhall 
 come in. This order to be recorded and the Court put 
 in remembrance when the Company {hall be in cafli 
 and condition to perform the fame." 
 
 After the panic produced by this awful calamity 
 had, in a great degree, fubfided, the Court of Affiftants 
 naturally turned their thoughts towards rebuilding 
 their Hall. The Company's funds were exhaufted and 
 there were heavy debts outftanding, the liquidation of 
 which was to have been effedled by means of fines to 
 be levied on the renewal of the leafes which were about 
 to expire. The houfes were almoft all of them deftroyde 
 and, with them, vaniftied the hope of fupplies from 
 that quarter. No refource remained but that of an 
 appeal to the liberality of the members of the Com- 
 pany in the form of a fubfcription. This was refolved 
 upon, and the Wardens, who appeared very zealous in 
 the caufe, undertook to wait perfonally upon every in- 
 
24 COMPANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 dividual and to folicit contributions. Whether there 
 exifted a difinclination, or whether the loffes by the 
 fire had paralyfed the refources of the members, does 
 not appear, but the fubfcription, in fpite of the exer- 
 tions of the Wardens, was not very produftive ; for, 
 on the 2nd of May, 1667, Mr. Warden Webb informed 
 the Court, " that he accompanied fome of his brethren 
 to colledt fubfcriptions for the Hall, that they had been 
 courteoufly received, and had collected feven hundred 
 pounds," according to particulars then read. This fum 
 was far from fufEcient for the purpofe intended ; but, 
 as it was found that the walls of the old hall had 
 refifted the fire, and were found, it was determined to 
 new roof them and to proceed with the money col- 
 leded, in the hope that a further fupply from the 
 members might be procured. 
 John The work languifhed for many months and, in all 
 probability, would have been entirely fufpended, had 
 not that ftrenuous fupporter of the Company, Sir John 
 Cutler, come forward. On the 6th of February 1668, 
 he intimated to the Court, through Mr. Warden 
 Edwards, his intention of rebuilding the parlour and 
 dining-room at his own charge for the Company's 
 accommodation. As the Company were at this time 
 fuffering the greateft inconvenience, arifing from their 
 inability to difcharge the debts contracted under their 
 feal for the fervice of the Government and the City, in 
 the years 1640, 1641 and 1643,^ ^^ fuggefted, at the 
 fame time as a meafure of precaution, " that the ground 
 fhould be conveyed to him under a peppercorn rent, 
 
 ' The particulars of thefe tranfaftions will be found in another part 
 of this volume. 
 
THE HALL. 25 
 
 for fecuring it, when built, againft extent or feizure." 
 This propofal was referred, by order of the Court, to 
 the Recorder for a legal opinion thereon, and, as he 
 ftrongly recommended it, " an indenture of fale and 
 demife of the grounds and buildings about the Hall was 
 made to Sir John Cutler " and other members, fixteen 
 in number, who had contributed and fubfcribed ^^20. 
 and upwards, " according to the direction of the Com- 
 mittee, for 500 years, at a pepper-corn rent." The 
 buildings were then completed, and, in January 1669, 
 a ftrong vote of thanks to Sir John Cutler for his 
 munificence was paffed ; and it was refolved that his 
 ftatue and pidture fhould be placed in the Hall, as 
 memorials of the Company's efteem and gratitude. 
 The firft meeting and feftival held in the Hall, after 
 the fire of London, were on Lord Mayor's day, 1668. 
 
 The churches were among the laft edifices reftored Divine 
 after the- fire, and the want of them was feverely felt ^",j'^^ '" 
 for a confiderable time. The church of St. Mildred in 
 the Poultry, had fhared the common fate of the other 
 buildings in the neighbourhood, and the parifhioners 
 made application to the Company in 1670, for leave 
 to have Divine fervice performed in the Hall. Some 
 doubts exifted in the minds of the Court, as to the 
 propriety of permitting this without the fandtion of 
 the Bifhop of London, but they were removed by 
 a letter from that prelate, in which he not only 
 approved of it, but added, that the Company's ac- 
 quiefcence would be agreeable to his Majefty. The 
 permiffion was, of courfe, granted, and Divine fervice 
 performed regularly in the Hall for many months 
 after. 
 
 I cannot here omit the infertion of a curious article 
 
26 COMPJNT OF GROCERS. 
 
 which I find in the Company's books dated the 8 th of 
 July 1670, as it ferves to illuftrate the habits of the 
 time and difplays, I am forry to fay, a want of poUfh 
 and good manners in our predecefTors, which will 
 ftartle their defcendants. It is, however, confolatory 
 to know that, even at that period, there were perfons 
 attached to the Company, to whom the proceedings 
 complained of gave offence. The refolution is as fol- 
 lows : 
 ;ing " Upon complaint and obfervation of the unfeemli- 
 i^j^ nefs and difturbance, by taking tobacco and having 
 igthe drink and pipes in the Court-room, during Court fit- 
 lourt^ ting ; and, for the better order, decorum, and gravity 
 to be obferved, and readier difpatch and minding of 
 debates and bufinefs of the Court, and avoiding the 
 occafion of offence and difguft, it is agreed that, here- 
 after, there be no taking of tobacco or drinking ufed 
 or permitted in the Court-room, during the fitting of 
 the Court ; and, if any perfon have a defire to refrefh 
 himfelf by a pipe of tobacco or cup of drink, at a con- 
 venient time or interval of ferious bufinefs, to withdraw 
 into fome retiring room more fuitable and fit for the 
 purpofe. Any perfon infringing this rule to fine five 
 {hillings, for each offence, to the poor-box." There is 
 no doubt that this wholefome regulation produced the 
 defired effedt, for I find no mention of a continuance 
 of thefe irregularities : it is true that what occurred 
 foon after, was fufficient to banifh from the minds of 
 the members of the Court all ideas of indulgence and 
 joviality. 
 Hall The Company, from the caufes I have already ilated, 
 ^"' being deprived of funds, were compelled to flop the 
 payment of the intereft due upon their debts, as well 
 
THE HALL. 27 
 
 as of fome of their charities. The detail of the cir- 
 cumflances which brought them into this diftreffing 
 fituation will be found in another place, it is, there- 
 fore, unnecefTary to repeat it here. Suffice it to fay 
 that the Governors of Chrift's Hofpital obtained a 
 decree in Chancery, in fatisfadion of arrears due to 
 them, under the wills of Lady Conway and Lady 
 Middleton, by which they ferved a notice of ejedt- 
 menton the clerk and beadle, in June 1672, and, finally, 
 took pofTeffion of the Hall, " which they ftridly kept 
 by a guard." The books, papers, and feal were re- 
 moved by order of the Court, and committed to the 
 care of Mr. Warden Booth. 
 
 The Court of Affiftants, during a long period, were Meetings 
 compelled to hold their meetings for the condudt of ^'^^^^ 
 bufinefs, at various places. In July 1673, a Court was various 
 held at Skinners' Hall ; feveral meetings took place ^ *'^"' 
 " at the Crown Tavern, behind the Exchange ; " and 
 at the Irifh and Old Council Chambers at Guildhall. 
 The firft mention of the Company's return, occurs on 
 the 14th of Odtober 1674, but this was merely on 
 fuiferance, as pofTeffion of the Hall was ftill kept by 
 the agents of Chrift's Hofpital. This ftate of things 
 continued feveral years, for, in July 1677, one Jackfon 
 applied to the Wardens for certain taxes which he 
 was authorized to levy, and the anfwer he received 
 was, " that the Hall was ftill under fequeftration and 
 feizure, the Company's meetings being at the pleafure 
 and toleration of the difpofers." After great difficulties 
 and impediments, money was borrowed on fecurity, 
 and the Hall finally cleared of the intruders. The The 
 books and papers were brought back and the Com- reMiated. 
 pany's officers reinftated in 1 679, during the mayoralty 
 
rgcd 
 
 28 COMPANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 of Sir James Edwards, one of the members. This 
 was effedted by a loan of ^^2500, to the Company by 
 a Mr. Naylor, on mortgage of the Hall and other 
 premifes not connected with the charities. 
 Hall Two years afterwards, it was confidered that the 
 Hall, if enlarged and beautified, might become a fource 
 of confiderable revenue, as the fituation would infure 
 its being conftantly and profitably let as a refidence 
 for the Lord Mayors. " Sir John Moore (a worthy 
 member) taking into his confideration the deplorable 
 condition of the Company, every year leffening in 
 reputation, by reafon of their Hall thus in ruin?, 
 (which not only difcouraged men to take their free- 
 doms and apprentices to be bound there and benefadors 
 from their liberality, but alfo rendered the Society 
 almoft contemptible) he was, therefore, very inclinable 
 at his own charge to repair the great Hall, thereby to 
 encourage other members by his example to contri- 
 bute their afliftance to re-edify and augment it, fo as 
 to make it the moft commodious feat for the Chief 
 Magiftrate in this city, as the only means to preferve a 
 fucceffion of members in this Company; which being 
 made known by Sir James Edwards, (then Mafter) in 
 a Court of Afliftants, it was referred to the Wardens, 
 together with fome other members, to confider of and 
 propound a model for fuch additional building as 
 might make the Hall commodious, both for ornament 
 and ufe, to anfwer fo noble a defign : upon report of 
 which Committee, foon after, Sir John Frederic, Sir 
 James Edwards, and feveral other aldermen and worthy 
 members, agreed to contribute liberally towards fo good 
 a work, as being fully convinced that, if the Hall fhould 
 long continue under thefe circumftances, not only all 
 
THE HALL. 29 
 
 that had been done would be wholly fruitlefs, but all 
 that remained (for which they were truftees to the 
 generations to come) would foon wafte into nothing, 
 which would reproachfully render the prefent members 
 moft ungrateful to their anceftors, whofe names ftill 
 bloffom in what remains of thofe pious monuments of 
 their charities, and obnoxious to thofe who fhould 
 fucceed happy members of this fociety. 
 
 " And, therefore, concluded this great work to be 
 the only leading means left to preferve the fociety and 
 that as Sir John Cutler had fo long before, for thofe 
 very ends at his own charges, begun and Sir John 
 Moore had now undertaken to repair and beautifye 
 the great Hall, fo they held themfelves highly obliged 
 to promote and carry on fo excellent a work, and 
 having caufed the fcite and fabrick of the Hall to be 
 furveyed, and finding that with fome more additional 
 building (then already propounded to be eredled) it 
 might be made a more commodious and convenient 
 habitation for the Chief Magiftrate than any other ever 
 was before within the City of London ; therefore, that 
 it might anfwer all thefe good ends, and might, with 
 all poffible fpeed, be carried on and finifhed, in order 
 to invite and encourage all the members to contribute 
 towards payment of the Company's debts and arrears 
 of charities (wherein Sir William Hooker, then one 
 of the fitting Aldermen and late Lord Mayor and 
 many other worthy members, had liberally contributed 
 as good examples) they liberally fubfcribed and paid 
 towards the raifing and finifhing of fuch additional 
 building, declaring themfelves (if occafion ftiould be, 
 afterwards) to be farther aflifting to compleat fo good 
 a work ; not doubting but their brethren, the refl; of 
 
30 COMPANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 the members, would every one follow according to 
 their degrees and qualities. 
 
 " And that the beautifying and repairing their Hall 
 might not prove a bait to fuch creditors, if any (hould 
 be, as formerly feized the ruins of the fame, to endea- 
 vour again a fequeftration againft it, but might anfwer 
 thofe good ends fo by them defigned: the Company, 
 by advice of learned counfel, after an inquifttion taken 
 before the CommiJJioners for Charitable Ufes, and pur- 
 fuant to a decree made by thofe commiiTioners, have 
 conveyed the fame and all their revenue, and the equity 
 of redemption thereof (fubj eft to the faid former fecu- 
 rities) to truftees, to fecure the yearly payment, not 
 only of thofe charities wherewith that revenue is 
 charged by the donors, but alfo with the overplus (as 
 the fame will extend) thofe other yearly charities, 
 payable by the Company to feveral places, perfons and 
 ufes, by the appointment of other benefadlors, who 
 heretofore paid into their hands feveral great fums of 
 money for thofe ufes, for which now no fund remains, 
 that they might alfo thereby not only difcharge their 
 confciences towards God and the memory of fuch 
 pious benefadiors, but alfo avoid the chargeable profe- 
 cutions of the Commiffioners upon the ftatute for 
 charitable ufes, who have, of late, put this Company 
 every year to exceeding great charges and expences,"^ 
 
 Sir John Moore's contribution amounted to the fum 
 of ^500, for which, as well as for the zeal he exhibited 
 in inciting others to follow his example, he received 
 the cordial thanks of the Court, who ordered his pic- 
 
 1 A fliort account of the Company of Grocers, iyWm. Ravenhill, 
 1689. 
 
THE HALL. 31 
 
 ture to be painted and placed in the Hall, as a lafling 
 teftimonial of their gratitude. He was the firft Chief 
 Magiftrate who kept his Mayoralty at Grocers' Halt 
 and he paid the Company a nett rent of ^200 for the 
 ufe of it. It continued to be let for the fame objed: 
 for many years, and, in 1735, as the Company's cir- 
 cumftances had much improved, it was ordered by 
 the Court of Affiftants that the Hall fhould not, for 
 the future, be let but to a Lord Mayor attached to the 
 Company. 
 
 In the year 1694 the Bank of England was efta- Bank of 
 blifhed, and the firft Governor chofen was Sir John England. 
 Houblon Knt. a member of the Grocers' Company 
 and one of the Court of Affiftants. The firft five 
 general Courts of proprietors were held at Mercers' 
 Hall in Cheapfide, but, as the fituation was found to 
 be inconvenient, a propofal was made to the Wardens 
 of the Grocers' Company to treat for their Hall : this 
 was entertained by the Court, and a committee ap- 
 pointed to arrange with the Directors for the demife of 
 the 'Hall, yard and garden, for eleven years. Several 
 meetings and difcuffions took place refpedting the terms 
 and conditions and a final arrangement was concluded 
 in Odtober, 1694; on the 4th of that month the fol- 
 lowing memorandum was agreed upon and figned ; 
 
 Memorandum. — That it is this day agreed and con- 
 cluded, between the Wardens and Commonalty of the 
 Myftery of the Grocery of the City of London and the 
 Governor and Company of the Bank of England, that 
 the faid Wardens and Commonalty fhall demife Gro- 
 cers' Hall, yard, and garden, as ufually let to the Lord 
 Mayor, to the faid Governor and Company for the term 
 of eleven years from the five-and-twentieth day of 
 
32 CO MP ANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 December next enfuing, the agreement referving to 
 the Company the clerk's and beadle's houfes, with 
 free ingrefs, egrefs, and regrefs at all feafonable times, 
 to and from the faid clerk's houfe, and referving alfo 
 to the faid Wardens and Commonalty all the prefent 
 lights looking into the faid yard and garden. That 
 the faid Governor and Company of the Bank of Eng- 
 land fhall advance and pay to the faid Company the 
 fum of five hundred pounds for a fine for the faid term, 
 as alfo the further fum of five thoufand pounds more, 
 to difcharge a debt of four thoufand five hundred 
 pounds, and intereft on mortgage of the faid Company's 
 Hall and lands. 
 
 That the faid Governor and Company of the faid 
 Bank covenant to pay all taxes, parifh duties, river 
 water and repairs, during the faid term and leave the 
 Hall, garden, &c. in the fame condition they now are, 
 at the expiration of the faid term ; and further fhall 
 mutually do as counfel fhall advife. That the faid 
 Governor and Company of the faid Bank advance and 
 pay the faid feveral fums of five hundred pounds and 
 five thoufand pounds on the faid Wardens' and Com- 
 monalty's afTignment of the faid mortgage to the faid 
 Governor and Company, at any time after the firfl day 
 of November next and that the faid Wardens and 
 Commonalty, or their fuccefTors, fhall only repay the 
 faid principal fum of five thoufand pounds at the ex- 
 piration of the faid term of eleven years. 
 
 That the faid Governor and Company fhall deliver 
 to the faid Wardens and Commonalty all fuch goods 
 and utenfils as fhall be fcheduled or mentioned in the 
 faid demife, that the faid Governor and Company fhall 
 have pofi^efTion of the faid Hall and garden the firfl 
 
P ul t r 
 
 « y 
 
 PORTION OF THE MAP OF CHEAPE WARD, 
 
 INCLUDING- GROCERS HALL AND GARDEN. 
 
 J<yoT>i^2fiddan^loTul£'7i.2775. 
 
THE HALL. 33 
 
 day of November next, that the faid Wardens and 
 Commonalty fhall have the ufual room in the faid 
 Hall to put their trophies in on public occafions. 
 Witnefs our hands the 4 day of Odober, 1694. 
 
 John Sherwood, 
 RoBT. Dawson, Sen. 
 Daniel D'Orville, 
 Thomas Tuckfield, 
 Saml. Brewster, 
 Philip Scarth, 
 John Owen, 
 Michael Godfrey, 
 Wm. Gore, 
 Wm. Scawen, 
 Gilbert Heathcote. 
 
 At the expiration of the leafe, a new arrangement 
 was entered into with the Bank for a period of four- 
 teen years, at a peppercorn rent and a fine of five 
 thoufand pounds, with which the former mortgage 
 was paid off and the Hall finally releafed. Eleven 
 years were afterwards added to the term and, in 1734, 
 the laft General Court was held at Grocers' Hall ; the 
 Bank Eftablifhment was removed to the new offices in 
 Threadneedle-ftreet and the Hall, now in the free 
 and uncontrolled pofi"eflion of its rightful owners after 
 a lapfe of fixty years, was ordered to be repaired 
 and beautified, which was done in the following 
 year, under the management and condudl of a Com- 
 mittee. 
 
 Matters appear to have gone on very fmoothly for Riots in 
 fome time, and the only event which, for a fhort period, '^So. 
 difturbed the monotony of the ufual routine of bufinefs. 
 
34 COMPANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 was the reception and quartering of a fmall party of 
 troops at Grocers' Hall in 1780 ; they were a portion 
 of the confiderable body of military, which had been 
 fent into the city to quell the riots excited by Lord 
 George Gordon and others. The foldiers were libe- 
 rally provided with food and bedding and the officers 
 treated with great attention and refped: by the Court 
 of Affiftants. They were ftationed at the Hall for 
 fever al weeks. 
 TheRight On Saturday, the 28th February 1784, a grand en- 
 Wm. Pitt, tertainment was given at the Hall, on the occafion of 
 the Right Honourable William Pitt receiving the 
 freedom of the Company. His mode of accepting it 
 appeared to give great fatisfaftion to the members, for 
 he told them " that he had previoufly declined a 
 fimilar offer from the Goldfmiths, confidering himfelf 
 as already connedted with the Company of Grocers, 
 into whofe freedom his father had formerly been ad- 
 mitted." 
 The Hall About this period, various parts of the Hall began 
 in ecay. ^^ {how fymptoms of decay and it became neceffary to 
 take the fubjedt into ferious confideration. Some of 
 the members imagined that the conftrudlion of two 
 new rooms, in lieu of the court-room and great par- 
 lour and a folid repair of the remainder of the building, 
 would anfwer every purpofe and, accordingly Mr. 
 Leverton, the Company's furveyor, prefented by ord^r, 
 a plan and eftimates. Thefe were afterwards rejected, 
 becaufe the refult of fuch a ftep would not, it was con- 
 ceived, juftify the large expenditure required. The 
 further confideration of the fubjedt was poflponed from 
 time to time, without any apparent probability of a final 
 determination, until the year 1798, when the perilous 
 
THE HALL. 35 
 
 fituation of the roof, generally, and the tottering ftate of 
 the lantern in the centre of it, clearly demonftrated the 
 neceflity of an entirely new building. 
 
 Mr. Leverton, the architeft, was ordered to prepare The Hail 
 plans and eftimates, which were approved and adopted ^^ "' '' 
 and the new Hall was commenced : it was completed 
 and opened on the 21ft July, 1802, during the Mafter- 
 fhip of Mr. William Clarance. Time, I regret to 
 fay, has fhown that the Company's confidence and 
 liberality were abufed in the conftrudtion of their 
 building; they paid a price for it which juftified the 
 expedtation that it would have lafted for a long feries 
 of years, but they were deceived. The carelefs man- 
 ner in which the foundation was conftrudted foon 
 became evident; in 1814, cracks were difcovered in 
 various places in the walls and fome repairs were 
 ordered, under the full expedtation that the damage 
 would extend no further. This, however, proved 
 fallacious, as in 1827, ^^^ ^^^^ increafed and the Hall 
 was threatened with deftrudtion within twenty-nine 
 years after the firft ftone was laid ! 
 
 The Company have been fortunate in obtaining the 
 affiftance of an excellent architedt in the perfon of 
 Mr. Jofeph Gwilt, a gentleman of known talent, 
 ranking among the firft men in his profeflion. He 
 has difplayed great energy and zeal in the profecution 
 of the duties entrufted to his care and, I fhould add, 
 much tafte in the arrangement of the ornamental and 
 decorative part. I am happy to have this opportunity 
 of doing an aft of juftice to Mr. Gwilt's ability and 
 perfeverance, of which I had conftant proofs during 
 the year I had the honour of prefiding as Mafter of 
 the Company. 
 
36 COMPANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 Fifth Cen- The kft important event which took place at Grocers' 
 the^Com- -H^// was the celebration, on the 9th May 1845, of the 
 pany. pi^^g Hundredth Anniverfary of the exiftence of the 
 Fraternity under its prefent denomination. It is diffi- 
 cult to defcribe the intereft created by it among the 
 Brethren, and the Mafter and Wardens^ fpared no ex- 
 ertions to render the Feftival worthy of the interefting 
 occafion. Mr. Gwilt's knowledge of heraldry enabled 
 him to decorate the Hall appropriately with the badges 
 and emblems of King Edward III. and of the Plan- 
 tagenets ; poetry^ and muiic were enlifted in the caufe 
 and the whole celebration was among the moft remark- 
 able that ever occurred in the City of London and will 
 be long remembered. A little book printed for the 
 occafion concludes with the following paffage : — 
 
 " This time-honoured Corporation having now com- 
 pleted an exiftence of Five Centuries, during which it 
 has maintained, unimpaired, its high charafter for 
 loyalty, benevolence, and hofpitality, the Wardens and 
 Court of Afliftants deemed the occafion worthy of 
 efpecial commemoration. Following, therefore, the 
 examples fet by their venerable predeceflbrs, they de- 
 fired to celebrate the event by an extraordinary feftive 
 afi!embly of the Brethren at the Hall, and they con- 
 template perpetuating its remembrance by fome foun- 
 dation or endowment, which fhall be permanently 
 
 1 Henry Grace Efq^, Mafter. 
 Samuel Bendry Brooke, Efq'. . 
 Robert Garrard, Efq^ I Wardens. 
 
 Oftavius Edward Coope, Efq'. J 
 
 M--. Henry Bicknell, Clerk. 
 ^ For a Song written on this occafion by C. W. Hallett, Efq. fee 
 the Appendix. 
 
< 
 
 I 
 
 en 
 
 LJ 
 
 u 
 o 
 cc 
 o 
 
THE HALL. 37 
 
 ufeful to the Freemen of the Grocers' Company, and 
 to their defcendants." 
 
 The expectation held out in this paragraph has been 
 realized by the arrangement concluded with the Go- 
 vernors of Chriji's Ho/pit al, which ftipulates that for a 
 payment of ten thoufand pounds, the Mafter, Wardens 
 and Court of Affiftants of the Worfhipful Company of 
 Grocers fhall have the prefentation of fix fcholarihips 
 to that Royal Foundation in perpetuity. 
 
 ANCIENT IRON CHEST AT GROCERS HALL. 
 
38 
 
 THE COMPANY. 
 
 " Not a wind upon the failor's compafs, 
 But from one part or other was their faftor 
 To bring them in the beft commodities 
 Merchant e'er ventured for." 
 
 Beggar's Bujh, A£i i . Sc. 2. 
 
 HE Grocers' Hall and its contiguous 
 offices having been deftroyed by the 
 great fire of London in 1666, as be- 
 fore ftated, and, with them, all the 
 property they contained, it is at once 
 fortunate and extraordinary that the records of this 
 venerable Company fliould have been preferved entire. 
 Singular care muft have been taken to place them in 
 fafety, as the feries of Ordinances and Remembrances is 
 uninterrupted and complete from the commencement, 
 and from them I have gathered a great portion of the 
 matter embodied in the following narrative, 
 Pepperers. Xhc Original founders of the Worfhipful Company of 
 Grocers'^ were known, at a very remote period of 
 
 ^ " The word Grocer was a term diftinguifhing merchants of this 
 fociety, in oppofition to inferior retailers, for that they ufually fold in 
 grofs quantities, by great weights. And in feme of our old books the 
 word fignifies merchants that, in their merchandifing, dealt for the 
 whole of any kind." — RavenhiWs Short Account of the Grocers. 
 
 " Grocers, in libro ftatutorum noftrorum fignificat mercatores, qui 
 aliquod mercium genus totum coemunt." — Skinner Etymologlcon Lingua 
 Anglicanes. 
 
THE COMPANT. 39 
 
 Englifh hiftory, under the name of Pepperers" and, 
 although they bore this diftinftive appellation, they 
 were recognifed as general traders, who bought and 
 fold, or, according to the legal acceptation of the word, 
 engroffed'aW. kinds of merchandife. I At the early dawn 
 of Commerce in this Country, they eftablifhed the 
 firft mercantile alTociation on record, and, no doubt, 
 fuggefted, at an after period, the firft idea of the Eaft- 
 India and Levant Companies. 
 
 " It is well known," fays Ravenhill,^ " this Com- 
 pany hath bred the moft eminent merchants in this 
 city, and this fociety hath been fo prolific that many 
 other focieties have been branched out from hence, as 
 will be owned by the moft worthy of them. The 
 merchants trading to the Levant feas, and other focie- 
 ties, have originally been the offspring of this fociety, 
 as appears by ancient records of indentures of appren- 
 tices to members of this Company." 
 
 The moft authentic proof of the exiftence of the 
 Fraternity of Pepperers at an early period, is that of 
 the name of Andrew Bokerel, Pepperer, who for feven 
 confecutive years, namely, from 1231 to 1237, ferved 
 the office of Mayor of London. 
 
 1 That the Gild or Fraternity of Pepperers was of a very ancient 
 date is evident from the entries on the early Pipe Rolls previoufly to 
 legal memory, and was probably a Corporate body by prefcription, 
 which prefumes a grant, that may be now loft. 
 
 Upon the Pipe Roll of the 26. Henry Z^ is a return of the adulterine 
 Gilds in the city of London \iz\ thofe fet up without warrant from 
 the King and whieh are therein amerced, amongft which is found as 
 follows, 
 
 Gilda Piperarorum unde /Elwardus ejl Jldermannus debet xvlMarcas^ 
 quia conjiituta fuit fine waranto. 
 
 ^ A Short Account of the Company of Grocers. 1689. 
 
40 COMPANY OF GROCERS. 
 
 13,5. In the reign of Edward the Second, anno 1315, the 
 Fraternity came to be governed by rules and ordinances, 
 which are extant in one of the books of the chamber 
 of London, under this title, — " Ordinatio Piperorum de 
 Soper-Lane," and written in Norman French, begin- 
 ning thus : " Ces fount les pointz que les bons genz 
 de Sopere-lane, del meftier des peverers, &c. By the 
 aflent of Sir Stephen de Abyndone, Mayor of London, 
 John de Gifors, Nicolas de Farindone, John de Wen- 
 grave, Robert de Keliby, William de Leyre and others, 
 made for the common benefit of the whole people of 
 the land.'" 
 J 345- The firft charter of incorporation oi the Grocers was 
 corpora- granted by King Edward the Third, in the twentieth 
 honofthe ^^^^ ^^ j^jg reign. Anno Domini 1345 ; at leaft fo fays 
 the ufually accurate Stowe, but I have been unable to 
 find any trace of it in the records of the Fraternity ; 
 indeed there is no mention of a Charter before that 
 of Henry VL in 1429.2 The foundation of the 
 Company took place in the former year, when twenty- 
 two perfons, carrying on the bufinefs of Pepperers in 
 Soper's Lane Cheapfide, agreed " to meet together to 
 a dinner at the town manfion of the Abbot of Bury," in 
 St. Mary Axe, now Bevis Marks,^ on the 12th of June 
 1 345, and committed the particulars of their formation 
 
 ^ Strype's Stowe. 
 
 '^ See page 60 and the Charter itfelf, both in Latin and Englifli in 
 the Appendix. 
 
 ' " The hotel, or inn of the Abbots of Bury ; a great houfe, large 
 of rooms, fair courts and garden plots, fometime pertaining to the 
 Baflets, but fince to the Abbots of Bury in Suffolk and therefore 
 called Buries Marks, vulgariter Bevis Marks. Since the diflblution, 
 the property of Sir Thomas Heneage, fon of Thomas Heneage."— 
 Strype's Stoiue. 
 
1' 
 
 A t7 ■ 
 
 
 
 
 
 rtlVVv<pCu9 
 
 
 'f 
 
THE CO MP ANT. 41 
 
 into a trading Fraternity, to writing. They then 
 eleded two perfons of the Company fo affembled, Roger 
 Ofwyn and Laurence de Halywelle, as their firft Go- 
 vernors or Wardens, choofing at the fame time, in 
 conformity with the pious cuftom of the period, a 
 prieft or chaplain, to celebrate divine offices for their 
 fouls' welfare. The details of this meeting, and the 
 ordinances which emanated from it, both which were 
 fubfequently tranfcribed into the firft volume of the 
 minutes of the Company, are fet forth, partly in Nor- 
 man French and partly in old Englifh, as follows, 
 viz. — 
 
 " En le hon^ de Dieu & de fa douche Mere & de San£l Antonin & 
 de touz Sancz, le neufieme jour de Maij, en I'an de grace Mil cccxlv, 
 & del Tierz Roi Edward, apres le conqueft xix, une Frat/nite fuift 
 founduz des Compaignons Peyeres de Soperes-lane, p". Am". & unite 
 de plus avoir, maintener & entrefter entreux. De quel Fraternite 
 fomes comenfours, fundours & donours de conferver la dite Fraternite. 
 
 WiLLM. DE Grantham. 
 John de Stanope. 
 
 WiLLM. DE HaNAPSTEDE. 
 WiLLM. DE COTOUN. 
 
 Laurence de Halliwelle. 
 
 JOHAN DE BrOUMSFORD. 
 
 Richard le Zonge. 
 Robert de Hatfelde. 
 Nicolas Corp. 
 Roger Oswyn. 
 WiLLM. Brian. 
 
 JoHAN DE LA MoRE. 
 
 Thomas Freland. 
 Roger Carpentier. 
 Richard de Totyngton. 
 Henry de Totyngton. 
 
 JOHAN LaMMASSE. 
 
 John Gonwardby. 
 Remond de Gurdeus. 
 Peres Van. 
 Vivian Roger. 
 Geffrey de Haliwelle. 
 
 q mouruft le x""; jour de Janv^ Anno Dni mcccxlvj. 
 
 " AUe thefe xxij perfones before vyretyd, were founders of owre 
 fraternitie and the fame daie before wretyn, they were accorded to bee 
 togydre at a denner in the Abbot's place of Bery, the xij daie of Juyn, 
 in the yere of owre Lord Jhu m."^ ccc xlv, and in the xix yere of Kyng 
 Edward the Thredde, as it apperyth behynde in the fame booke in the 
 iiij lefF : and at the fayd denner were chofyn ij, the frefte Wardynes 
 
 G 
 
42 COMPANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 that ever were, of owre fraternyte — Whois names foUowe wretyn ; 
 Rogere Ofwyn and Laurence de Haly welle — and at y° fayd denner was 
 chofyn a prefte to fynge for them : and everie brothre to paye j''a weke, 
 and the prefte to have 15'' everie weke."* 
 
 At this feaft or " mangerie," as it is quaintly termed 
 in the books, every member was to pay twelve pence, 
 and twenty-three pence more was to be difburfed by 
 the Wardens. It was agreed, at the fame time, that 
 fuch feaft fhould be called their " Firft Affembly," 
 and that the whole of the members fliould be clothed 
 in a livery, for which every one ftiould pay his fhare, 
 even on the day of the feaft : and, by common confent, 
 it was further ordained to have a prieft on the feaft day 
 of St. John, Midfummer-day then next enfuing, to 
 fing and pray for the fame Company and for all Chrif- 
 tian people : and, for fuch prieft's maintenance, every 
 one was to pay at the rate of one penny a week, the 
 wages in advance of the twelve-month enfuing, amount- 
 ing to 4J. 4^. each perfon, which was done and the 
 receipt thereof acknowledged by the Wardens. Then 
 follow the names of eighteen perfons of the Company, 
 each of whom is credited for 4J-. 4^. making the fum 
 of ^3 i8j. in part of £/\. i^s. 4^. the prieft's yearly 
 wages, at the rate of one penny a week each for the 
 
 ' Within this lane ftandeth Grocers' Hall, which Company, being 
 of old time called Pepperers, were firft incorporated by the name of 
 Grocers, in the yeere 1 345, at which time they elecSed for Cuftos or 
 Guardians of their fraternity, Richard Ofwyn and Laurence Halliwell, 
 and twenty brethren were then taken in, to be of their Society. In the 
 yeere 141 1, the Cuftos or Gardian, and the brethren of this company, 
 purchafed of the Lord Robert Fitzwater one plot of ground with the 
 building thereupon in the faid Conyhope Lane for 320 markes, and 
 then laid the foundation of their new Common Hall. — Stowe, p. 275. 
 
nances. 
 
 THE CO MP ANT. 43 
 
 twenty-two members. A memorandum, attached to 
 the account, orders, 
 
 " Que le preftre comenceroyt de chanter le iij jour de Julij en I'an 
 avant dift & reffeveroit chelkun femaigne 15''." ' 
 
 Here follow the firft Ordinances, Pointz, as they are Ord 
 termed, and it is gratifying to fee how admirably they 
 were calculated for the good government and guardian- 
 fhip of the Fraternity. Several of them yet remain 
 in force, and although, at a later period, bye-laws were 
 inftituted for the regulation of the Company, in which, 
 as was natural, the progrefs of knowledge and civiliza- 
 tion was duly regarded, it is obfervable that they had for 
 their bafis the Remembrances and Ordinances inftituted 
 by our predeceflbrs, during the firft two centuries of 
 their exiftence as a Fraternity. I do not tranfcribe 
 them in the quaint language and orthography of the 
 original, becaufe they are long and would, in that 
 ftiape, be tedious : I take them, generally, from Mr. 
 Bridgman's adaptation. 
 
 1 The following will fliow what was confidered enough for a prieft's 
 maintenance a few years afterwards : — 
 
 "The rate at which a fingleman, a clergyman, might live decently 
 at this time (a. d. 1362), is to be feenby an a£tof Parliament of this 
 36th year of King Edward III. chap. viii. whereby a penalty was to 
 be impofed by the bifliops upon priefts taking more wages than is 
 affigned : and that no man fhall give to a parifli prieft for his wages 
 above five marks.or three pounds, fix Ihillings, and eight pence (equal 
 tOj^8 : I : 6 of modern money); or elfe his board, and one pound, fix 
 fhillings, and eight pence."— yf«i«r/o« on Commerce^ vol. i. 
 
•345- 
 
 44 COMPANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 ©rtinances. 
 
 Thefe are the Points ordained in the year of our Lord 
 1 345, by common afTent of thofe of the beforefaid Fra- 
 ternity, to be kept and holden for ever, namely ; 
 
 It is agreed, by affent, that no perfon fhall be of the 
 Fraternity if he is not of good condition and of this 
 craft, that is to fay, a Pepperer of Soper's Lane, or a 
 Spicerer of the ward of Cheap, or other people of their 
 myftery, wherever they refide ; and, at their entrance, 
 to pay at leaft 1 3J. 4^. fterling, or the value thereof; 
 and, in good love and with a loyal heart, {hall fubmit 
 for their obedience towards all thofe who (hall then be 
 of the Fraternity, and be bound to keep and maintain 
 the points after written, on pain of paying, without 
 any refufal, to the Wardens as is agreed and ordained 
 by common affent from thenceforth for ever, as by the 
 points after written for the keeping and managing of 
 which Fraternity, the firft year Roger Ofwyn and 
 Laurence de Uallywelle were chofen Wardens by the 
 common affent, to manage and redrefs all things ac- 
 cording to the points after written, of which the firft 
 point is ; 
 
 That every year, on St. Anthony's day, in the month 
 of May, all thofe who are of the faid Fraternity and 
 who are in London, fhall come to the monaftery of 
 St. Anthony,* to hear the high mafs, and to abide 
 from the beginning of the faid mafs, and each of them 
 
 1 The Fraternity were at a confiderable expenfe in decorating an 
 altar in St. Anthony's church, in Threadneedle-ftreet. A long cata- 
 logue, in Latin, of the ornaments in ufe for it, is inferted in the Com- 
 pany's books. 
 
THE CO MP ANT. 45 
 
 fhall offer one penny in the worfhip of God and the 
 Virgin Mary, St. Anthony and all Saints, and whoever 
 faileth fhall pay twelve pence ; * and on the fame day, 
 or any day within the oftave thereof that fhall be 
 afTigned by the Wardens, all thofe who fhall be in 
 London fhall affemble together in a houfe, and com- 
 mune and dine together, and fhall be ferved according 
 to the Ordinances of the Wardens ; and every one of 
 the Livery fhall pay 3J. bd. and thofe who fhall be out 
 of town fhall pay zs. 6d. for the faid dinner and to- 
 wards the maintenance of the priefl ; and thofe that are 
 not of the Livery, and keep fhops, fhall pay twelve 
 pence. 
 
 And if any one would wifh to be of the Fraternity, 
 he fhall not be received if not of good fame and by the 
 affent of the Wardens and Company, and for any bad 
 condudl that may afterwards happen, may be banifhed 
 the Fraternity. 
 
 And if any debate fhould arife between one and 
 another of the Fraternity, from henceforward, they are 
 to reprefent the matter to the Wardens and whatever 
 they fhall ordain fhall be obferved on one part as well 
 as the other ; and if in cafe one party will not abide by 
 their ordinance, and complains to other miniflers, all 
 the Fraternity who are warned fhall coftie with the 
 
 ^ This ordinance is thus worded in the original : — " Ate whiche 
 daie andtyme, the accord was by comon aflente y."' everie man of the 
 Broth.'^, hee being yn the cytie the daie of Seint Antonyne yn the 
 monyth of Maye, fhall comen to the cherche of Seint Antonyne afore- 
 feid, yf they bee in London, for to here the high mafle, and there to 
 abyde from the begynnynge unto the endyng of the mafle, and eche of 
 yem (hall ofFre a peny in the worfliippe of Godde, his blefled moder 
 Marye, Seint Antonyne, and all Seyntis." 
 
46 COMPANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 Wardens to oppofe him, if he be not in a cafe of felony, 
 or fuch cafe that cannot be redreffed but before thofe 
 who have the law to preferve. And if alfo, that the 
 cafe could be redreffed by the Wardens, and one party 
 will not abide by their ordinance, as before is men- 
 tioned, that it be awarded by the affent of the Com- 
 pany, on a day affigned by the Wardens, to confult and 
 ordain what he fhall pay for the trefpafs. 
 
 And if any one of the Fraternity is injured in his 
 right againft another, be he whom he will, every one 
 of the Fraternity (hall go with him to have the matter 
 redreffed according to the fadt, if in London ; and thofe 
 who fail, fhall pay twelvepence to the common box 
 of the Fraternity, without denial, whenever it is de- 
 manded by one of the Wardens, to fupport the alms 
 hereafter written. 
 
 And if any one of the Fraternity has a difpute 
 wrongfully, in the fame manner they are to go with 
 him to have the matter redreffed to the beft advantage 
 that can be, to fave his honour and, if no penalty fhall be 
 ordained, the expenfes fhall fall upon himfelf and thofe 
 who are warned and fail going with him, in the fame 
 manner as before mentioned, fhall pay twelve pence. 
 
 And if any one of the Fraternity dies in London, all 
 fhall attend his dirge and funeral until he is buried, and 
 thofe who fhall be warned thereof and fail, fhall pay 
 twelve pence. 
 
 And in the fame manner fhall the Point be kept, if 
 any of the Fraternity die out of London, and any of the 
 faid Fraternity fhall be where that event happens. 
 
 And if any of the Fraternity dies and it happens 
 that he has not left a fufficiency to bury him according 
 to his flation, he fhall be interred out of the common 
 
THE COMPANT. 47 
 
 eleemofynary money for the honour of the Fraternity, 
 and all thofe who are warned and do not come to his 
 dirge and interment ihall, as before mentioned, pay 
 twelve pence. 
 
 And if any one of the Fraternity fhall be afked by 
 his friend to attend a dirge or oblation, every one who 
 fhall be warned fhall go with him or pay three pence, 
 if he fhall have notice in writing the night before. 
 
 And if any one of the Fraternity fhall be afked, even 
 on the fame day, by his friend, to attend a dirge or an 
 oblation, he fhall go with him, or pay one penny. 
 
 And when any one of the Fraternity, from hence- 
 forward, fhall take an apprentice, he fhall pay twenty 
 fhillings to the common box the day before he receives 
 fuch apprentice. 
 
 And on every apprentice's leaving his mafler's fer- 
 vice, if it pleafes him to be of the Fraternity, he fhall 
 pay ^2 to the Wardens, and fhall be entered ; but he 
 fhall find good fecurity in cafe of any bad condudt that 
 may happen afterwards. 
 
 And thofe who are of the Fraternity fhall be clothed 
 once a year in a fuit of livery, and, if they defire more, 
 the fame fhall be by afTent, whether as coats or as 
 furtouts (Jurtotes), to be on the ordinance of the 
 Wardens ; and thofe who are Wardens when any livery 
 is bought for the Company againfl any time that fhould 
 be in their year, they fhall buy them and have them 
 made and diflribute them ; and may lawfully take from 
 each man what fhall amount to his portion, without 
 taking any more, that is to fay, by one penny ; and 
 every one fhall keep their livery for two whole years. 
 And when the livery fhall be bought, the Wardens 
 to take, in the manner aforefaid, forty pence of every 
 
48 COMPANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 man ; and when they receive their livery, they fhall 
 pay the remainder of the amount without any further 
 charge. 
 
 And if any one of the Fraternity (hould become 
 poor by adventures on the fea, or by the advanced 
 price of merchandize, or by borrowing or pledging, or 
 by other misfortunes, that the Wardens and Company 
 do ordain that he may be aflifted out of the common 
 money, according to his fituation, if he cannot do 
 without, when they are able to maintain him or them 
 by the faid money. 
 
 And when any one of the Fraternity makes his will, 
 he may, according to his circumftances and free will, 
 devife what he choofes to the common box, for the 
 better fupporting the Fraternity and their alms. 
 
 The JRememtiranceiS of the Fraternity's meetings 
 are entered regularly, from year to year and are ex- 
 tremely curious, as illuftrations of the manners and 
 cuftoms of the time : I fhall, therefore, infert fome of 
 the earlier ones, before I purfue my notice of the Com- 
 pany in the form of a continued narrative. 
 
 Members received into the Fraternity in 1 346, in 
 the time of John de Stanope and Robert de Hatfelde. 
 
 Thomas Aubrey, 
 Thomas Dolsely, 
 Sir Andrew Awbry, 
 Thomas Salusbury, 
 John Salusbury, 
 William Brokesborne, 
 Sir John Hammond, 
 Simon Dolsely, 
 John Nock. 
 
THE COMPANT. 49 
 
 ^CmoranOum. — That, on the 2ift day of May 1346. 
 1 346, which was the day of our affembly, Lawrence 
 de Halliwell, executor of Geoffrey de Halliwell, for- 
 merly a Pepperer of Soper's Lane, gave and delivered 
 to the Fraternity, in the prefence of all thofe who 
 were pfefent, a chalice with the cover, made of filver, 
 which weighed twelve ounces goldfmiths' weight, and 
 an holy veftment for the prieft, an alb, manaple, ftole, 
 and chefible, with the corpus and a little miffal,^ to 
 remain with and be ufed by the Fraternity for ever, 
 to enter and make the faid Geoffrey as one of the 
 Fraternity in their regifler, and to have his foul prayed 
 for by thofe who are maintained and aflifled by the 
 faid Fraternity for ever ; which requefl was granted 
 by all the Company, who received the fame and entered 
 his name accordingly. 
 
 All the Companions of our Fraternity met together 
 in the Abbot's Place of Bury, the 21ft day of May in 
 the year of our Lord 1 346, Roger Ofwyn and Law- 
 rence de Halliwell being Wardens and Purveyors ; 
 after which feafl, and the cloth taken away, the faid 
 Roger and Lawrence chofe John de Stanope and 
 Robert de Hatfelde to be Wardens for the year enfu- 
 ing, in the manner as it appears in one of our Points 
 before made ; to which John and Robert, the aforefaid 
 Roger and Lawrence delivered all the money of the 
 Fraternity, that is to fay £6. 16. in filver and gold, 
 and the chalice with the veflure, in the prefence of 
 William Grantham, William Hanapftede, Thomas 
 
 > It runs thus in the original :— " Une chalice ove le paterie dou- 
 raut q^ poife xij onces, pois d'orfevre, et un veftement faina, aube,. 
 manaple, ftole et chefible avec le corpus & une petite miffale." 
 
 H 
 
50 COMPANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 Freland and John de Bromsford, who were chofen by 
 all the Company to fuperintend the accounts and the 
 delivery of the aforefaid Wardens. 
 
 And it was ordained the faid 21ft day, by common 
 affent, that the Wardens for the time being, and thofe 
 who fhould afterwards be, in aid and maintenance of 
 the Fraternity, fhould have power to diftrain, and the 
 diftrefs fo taken to retain and keep during the time of 
 their Wardenihip, without any other manner of officer ; 
 thofe who {hall aft contrary to any of the ordinances, 
 or fhall refufe to pay what fhall be impofed on them 
 by the refolutions of the Wardens for their oppofition 
 or other defaults, according to their deferts ; which 
 power was fealed by all that were of the Fraternity, to 
 be kept in the hands of the Wardens from year to year, 
 to maintain them, and to take and retain the faid dif- 
 trefs, until fatisfadtion made by our Points firm and 
 eftablifhed to be kept for ever. 
 
 And on the fame day it was agreed that, whoever 
 fhould be of the Fraternity thereafter, fhould feal the 
 faid power in manner as others had done before, and 
 from year to year, on the day of afTembly, it fhould 
 be read before the whole Company after the other 
 Points. 
 
 And whereas fome perfons of the Myflery had had 
 liveries made by different perfons who were not of the 
 Fraternity, it was agreed that, from thencefore, no 
 perfon who was not of the Fraternity fhould have the 
 livery, which fhould be purchafed for the Fraternity 
 againfl Saint Anthony's day in the month of May ; 
 and, alfo, that thofe of the Fraternity, but not others, 
 fhould be clothed once a year with a full fuit, as appears 
 by one of the Points before recited. 
 
THE COMFANT. 51 
 
 ^emorantium.— That all the Companions of the 1347. 
 Fraternity, that were in London, affembled together at 
 the Abbot's Place of St. Edmund on the 3d day of 
 June in the year of our Lord 1 347, John de Stanope 
 and Robert de Hatfelde being Wardens and Purveyors. 
 At which feaft, the aforefaid John and Robert chofe 
 for Wardens, for the year enfuing, Nicholas Corp and 
 John Gonewardby ; and to the faid Nicholas and John, 
 the aforefaid John and Robert delivered the chalice, 
 the vefture, and all the money of the Fraternity, that 
 is to fay, £1^. y. 9I. in gold, in the prefence of Simon 
 Dolfely, William de Hanapfted, and Lawrence de 
 Halliwell. 
 
 Received in the time of John Gonewardby and 
 Nicholas Corp, Wardens, 1 347. 
 
 James de Stanope, 
 Sir William de Thorneye, 
 Sir John de Grantham, 
 Nicholas Chaucer, 
 William Krecherche, 
 John de Evonefeld. 
 
 TBe it remembereD, that the aflembly of the Fra- 1348- 
 ternity of St. Anthony was at the Ringdehall,^ the 
 Sunday before the day of Saint Thomas the Martyr, 
 the 6th day of July in the year of our Lord 1 348, John 
 Gonewardby and Nicholas Corp, being Wardens and 
 
 ' Ryngedehalle, or Ringed Hall, a place in Saint Thomas Apoftle, 
 fo called, where there was a meffuage. In the reign of Edward III. 
 a place fo named, with four fliops and two gardens, was granted by- 
 Edmund, Earl of Cornwall, whofe palace it had been, to the Abbot 
 of Beaulieu, near Oxford, and regranted with a plea of Huftings 
 2d of Richard II. 
 
52 COMPANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 Purveyors, who, on the fame day, chofe Roger de 
 Carpenter and WiUiam de Hanaflede to be Wardens 
 for the year enfuing, in the manner as is ordained in 
 one of our Points before written ; when the aforefaid 
 John and Nicholas dehvered ;^22. 5. 9. to the afore- 
 faid Roger and William, in the prefence of Lawrence 
 de Halliwell and Roger Ofwyn ; and the chalice, vef- 
 ture, furplice, a little miffal and a fuperaltar, were alfo 
 delivered to the aforefaid Roger and William, 
 
 Received in the time of Roger de Carpenter and 
 William de Hanapftede, Wardens, 1348. 
 
 Sir John de Hichan, a parfon of St. Anthony, who 
 died the 2d Dec. 1348. 
 
 Sir Simon de Wy, a parfon of Barnes, who gave to 
 the faid Fraternity a chalice weighing fifteen ounces 
 goldfmiths' weight, and a good miffal which coft 
 £3- 6. 8. 
 
 1348, ^emoranOum. — That on the 6th day of July in the 
 year of our Lord 1348, there was an affembly of the 
 Fraternity, now called the Fraternity of St. Anthony, 
 in the houfe of one Fulgham, called Ryngedehall, 
 where they dined, and, after dinner was over, the fol- 
 lowing Points, hereafter written, were ordained by 
 common affent. 
 
 Thofe who from henceforward fhall be chofen (by 
 the Wardens as before ordained) to be Wardens for the 
 year enfuing, it is ordained, by common affent for ever, 
 let them be in town or abfent on the feaft: day, that at 
 their firft arrival in London, they fhall receive and take 
 upon them the office of Wardenfhip, in the fame 
 
THE CO MP ANT. 53 
 
 manner as if they had been prefent at the feaft, without 
 any refufal, under the penalty before mentioned. 
 
 And that every one of the Fraternity from thence- 
 forward, that has a wife or companion, fhall come to 
 the feaft, and bring with him a lady if he pleafes ; ^ 
 if they cannot come, for the reafons hereafter named, 
 that is to fay, fick, big with child, and near deliver- 
 ance* without any other exception ; and that every 
 man ftiall pay for his wife 2od. ; alfo, that each fhall 
 pay 5J., that is to fay, zod. for himfelf, 2od. for his 
 companion, and 2od. for the prieft. 
 
 And that all women who are not of the Fraternity 
 and afterwards fhould be married to any of the Fra- 
 ternity, fhall be entered and looked upon as of the 
 Fraternity for ever, and fhall be aflifted and made as 
 one of us ; and, after the death of her hufband, the 
 widow fhall come to the dinner, and pay 40^. if fhe 
 is able. 
 
 And if the faid widow marries any one that is not 
 of the Fraternity, fhe fhall not be admitted to the faid 
 feaft, nor have any afliftance given her, as long as 
 fhe remains fo married, be whom fhe will ; nor none 
 of us ought to meddle or interfere in any thing with 
 her on account of the Fraternity, as long as fhe remains 
 married. 
 
 And on the fame day it was ordained for ever, to 
 have a Beadle to warn and fummon the Company 
 whenever he is defired by the Wardens ; and thofe 
 who fhould be warned by him and make default, fhall 
 be fined (as by the before ordinances) as if they were 
 warned by the Wardens themfelves. 
 
 ' In the original, " & ameyne avec luy une demoifelle fi luy pleft." 
 2 " Malade, ou grofle d'enfant & pres fa deliveraunce." 
 
54 COMPANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 And that the faid Beadle of the Fraternity fhall have 
 for his trouble, his clothing of the Livery, that is to 
 fay, the Wardens fhall increafe the charge upon every 
 piece of cloth lai., and fhall give him his livery at the 
 market price and pay him the remainder in money for 
 his other necefTaries. 
 
 And on the fame day it was ordained that, from 
 thenceforth, the Wardens fhould not adventure over 
 the feas, neither lend any of the goods of the Fraternity 
 but at their own hazard. 
 
 And the Wardens, during their time, are to pay 
 attention, if any apprentices are taken by any of the 
 Fraternity, that they enter them on common paper, as 
 it is ordained ; if not, then at the end of the year the 
 faid Wardens fhall deliver a lift of the names of the 
 maflers and the new apprentices who have not been 
 entered, to the other Wardens by them chofen. 
 
 And alfo it is agreed upon, for ever, that, after the 
 other Points, this Point fhall be likewife read, that is 
 to fay, when they are afTembled. 
 
 J 349- TBe it rcmemlJerell, that the Fraternity of Saint 
 Anthony was at the Ryngedehall the 1 4th day of June 
 and 4th day of July following, in the year of our 
 Lord 1349; William de Hanapftede and Roger de 
 Carpenter, Wardens of the Myflery and Purveyors, 
 rendered their accounts and chofe on the fame days, 
 William de Grantham and Nicholas Chaucer to be 
 Wardens for the year enfuing, and delivered unto them 
 in proper moneys ^^31. 19. 7, or the value thereof, 
 under the infpedtion of John de Gonewardby and Ro- 
 bert de Hatfelde, being auditors of their accounts. 
 
THE CO MP ANT. 55 
 
 Received in the time of William de Grantham and 
 Nicholas Chaucer, Wardens, 1 349. 
 
 WiLCOT Canstone, 
 Richard Grace, 
 Jenkyn Gadfrey, 
 Phelypot Farnham, 
 Sir John de Londres, a 
 
 Parfon of St. Anthony, 
 William Hanapstede, Jun. 
 John Weston, 
 John Zonge, 
 John Flan, 
 Thomekyn Grantham, 
 John Oterle, 
 Simon Stapilforde, 
 
 WiLCOT COSYN. 
 
 The yearly meetings continued to be held regularly ; 1350 to 
 and, from 1350 to 1375^ no variation took place, fave ^'^^'^■ 
 an increafe in the number of the Fraternity. Their 
 common ftock was delivered, from year to year, to the 
 newly-eledted Wardens by their predeceflbrs, and the 
 details may be found in the voluminous and monoto- 
 nous entries of Wardens' accounts. In 1376, new 
 Ordinances were made, fome of which continue in full 
 vigour to the prefent day, particularly that which re- 
 lates to the coronation of new Wardens in the prefence 
 of the livery. The following are extracts : 
 
 ' I fliould here mention that, in 1359 occurs the firft inftance of a 
 charitable allowance by the Company, viz. " bd. a week to Thomas 
 Lutier," and, alfo, bd. a week for falary to John Leanter, the firft 
 Beadle of the Company. 
 
56 
 
 COMPANY OF GROCERS. 
 
 Crowning 
 the Maf- 
 ters. 
 
 ©rUinanceS made the 20th of Auguft, 1376. 
 
 In the name of God and in the 50th year of the 
 reign of King Edward the Third, for advancing the 
 honour of God and his holy Church, and for enlarging 
 the hour of charity, the <3tOtet& Of iLontlOn, with one 
 accord and confent, have ordained and eftablifhed, to 
 flriftly obferve, for ever, the following ©tDinanceS : 
 
 They have ordained that all the Company of this 
 Myftery (hall affemble once in every year, in the month 
 of May and dine together, which dinner fliall be 
 ordered and provided by the two Mailers for the time 
 being and, after dinner, or, in the quaint wording of 
 the original, •* when the mangerie was ended," the 
 Wardens were to "come wyth garlonds on ther hedes," 
 and the Company were to choofe for their three 
 Wardens for the year following, thofe " upon whom 
 the forfeid garlondes fhallen bee fett," and to them 
 fhould "bee delyvered " all money, papers, &c. which 
 belonged to the Fraternity, under penalty of _^io; 
 
 ANCIENT CHAPLETS USED AT THE CORONATION OF THE WARDENS. 
 
 and, if it pleafes the Mailers to choofe one of the 
 Company who ihould not be then prefent, the garland 
 or chaplet ihall be fent by the Company's Beadle to 
 
THE CO MP ANT. 57 
 
 the houfe of him who is fo chofen and not prefent, and 
 he fhall accept of the office without any refufal, if he 
 (hall be in town, or, if out of town, he {hall accept of 
 the office on his firft return ; or, if any of the Fra- 
 ternity, whether prefent or abfent, being chofen in 
 manner aforefaid, fhall refufe the office, he fhall pay, 
 within eight days enfuing, ten marks for the falary of 
 a priefl for one year, or otherwife be turned out of 
 the Company ; and that the new Maflers do accept 
 the charges after-mentioned, that is to fay, that they 
 fhall convene four meetings in the year, principally to 
 treat of the common bulinefs of the Myflery, namely, 
 one meeting to be in the month of May, another in 
 Augufl, the third in November and the fourth in 
 February, to perform the above-mentioned articles and 
 well and loyally keep and maintain all the ordinances 
 already made, and to be made, for the common good 
 and by the common affent of the Fraternity; and they 
 fhall promife, bond fide, according to the utmofl of their 
 power, without having regard to any fingle profit or 
 favour of any perfon, that they will render a true and 
 faithful account of all their receipts to the new Maflers 
 in the prefence of fix good people of the Company, to 
 be chofen for that purpofe. 
 
 In 1379, the Company being fully and firmly efla- 
 blifhed, feveral additional regulations were made and, 
 among the refl, one which appointed the firfl Court 
 of Affiflants ; fix affociates or affiflants were chofen to 
 aid the Wardens in the difcharge of their duties ■} 
 
 ^ In the original, the refolution is thus worded : " <at ^* fUUgft 
 
 conpepcgon ^If Mlactiegn^ t\vc% jsfjall be cSo0m0i;i; of f 
 Company to fee ^clp^ng; ana coungidlgnp of f fame Mlar-- 
 aejnjs for f^e peere foUotoinp." 
 
 1379- 
 
58 CO MP ANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 they were to be eledted annually and to forfeit 1 2d. 
 every time they failed in their attendance. 
 1383- The Company gradually increafed in numbers; their 
 
 iermen 
 
 of the affairs went on profperoufly and I cannot give a ftronger 
 Company. pj-Qof of the importance which they attained, than by 
 ftating that, in the year 1383, there were no lefs than 
 fixteen Aldermen of London at one time enrolled 
 among their members ; their names, many of which 
 are of great celebrity, are as follows : 
 
 Alderman Sir Nicholas Brembre, 
 Sir John Haddeley, 
 John Warde, 
 William Barrett, 
 Adam Carlyl, 
 Adam Chaungeor, 
 John Hoo, 
 Hugh Falstolfe, 
 Geffrey Cremylford, 
 William Badby, 
 Sir William Standon, 
 Richard Aylesbury, 
 John Furneux, 
 William Eyvesham, 
 Richard Prestor, 
 John Churchman. 
 
 The Fraternity, after holding their meetings for 
 feveral years at the Abbot of Bury's, as before men- 
 tioned, at the Hostel of the Abbot of St. Crofs, and at 
 Fuhham's houfe at the Rynged Hall, appear to have 
 taken up their temporary refidence in Bucklerfbury, at 
 a place called the Cornet's Tower, which had been 
 
THE COMPANT. 59 
 
 ufed by Edward the Third at the beginning of his 
 reign, as his exchange of money and exchequer.' 
 Here the Company began to exercife the fundtions 
 entrufted to them, of fuperintending the public weigh- 
 ing of merchandize,^ a privilege procured for them, 
 no doubt, by John Churchman, a member of the fel- 
 lowfhip, fome account of whofe life will be found in 
 another part of this volume. The lift of the weights 
 attached to this eftablifhment is detailed in a note, anno 
 1398, in which it is ftated, that they are depofited 
 "in domo com. nrae. m. Gro. in Bokelerlbury ;" that 
 is, " in the houfe of our community of the myftery of 
 Grocers in Bucklerfbury." 
 
 Having afterwards obtained a licenfe to purchafe of ^'^^'^' 
 the Lord Fitzwalter the chapel in the Old Jewry, as 
 before ftated,^ together with a portion of the faid 
 Lord's domain, they proceeded in 1427, to build them- 
 
 * " This tower, of late yeeres, was taken down by one Buckle, a 
 Grocer, meaning, in place thereof, to have fet up and builded a goodly 
 frame of timber; but the faid Buckle, greedily labouring to pull down 
 the old tower, a part thereof fell upon him, which fo fore bruifed him, 
 that his life was thereby fhortened, and another man married his wi- 
 dow, fet up the new prepared frame of timber, and finiflied the work." 
 Stowe's Survaie, p. 276. 
 
 ^ " So confiderable in the city were the Grocers long before that 
 time, (the reign of Henry VI.) that they maybe well prefumed (time 
 out of mind) to have had the management of the King's beam, as an 
 office peculiar to them ; not only as principally ufing the fame, but as 
 being originally vefted therein, they having had all along (beyond the 
 memory of man) the naming of the weighmafter, and the naming, 
 placing, removing, and governing of the four porters attending that 
 office, all to be elected out of their own Company, and to be fworn at 
 their own hall, a privilege allowed them as their undoubted and fepa- 
 rate right, as ancient as that office itfelf, ufed in the city."— Ravenhill, 
 Short Account of the Cotnpany of Grocers. 
 
 ^ See page 3. 
 
6o COMPANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 felves a Hall, the fite of which has remained ever fince 
 in the poffeffion of their defcendants. 
 1429. The Company's firft charter of incorporation was 
 /^ Charter, granted by King Henry the Sixth, in the feventh year 
 of his reign, and they became " a body politick, by 
 the name of Cuftodes & Communitas Myjierii Groceries 
 Londini." * 
 
 The particulars of the fine and cofts of obtaining the 
 Patent, are detailed in the books as follows, viz. 
 
 1429. — To y"" Chauncellor, for a fyne to y" King . . ^^50 o 
 
 Alfoe for y". feale of owre greate patente ...85° 
 
 --^ Alfoe for y"^. drawinge of y'^faide patente and coftys o 12 
 
 Privilege A patent RoU of the 26th of the fame King granted 
 bUiP^"^ to the Company the exclufive privilege of garbling in 
 all places throughout the kingdom of England. This 
 garbling, being chiefly confined to pepper and other 
 fpices, was deemed necefl"ary, in order that the material 
 might be fold in a clean and pure flate, unmixed with 
 bafer matter. The officer to whom this operation was 
 entrufted, was fworn at the time of his appointment, 
 to difcharge his duty faithfully and diligently and to 
 obferve that the garble of merchants' goods fhould be 
 impartial. In the year 1394, a petition was prefented 
 ^ to the Corporation of London by the Grocers' Frater- 
 nity, and by Angelo Ciba, Reginald Grillo, Tobias 
 Lomellino, Branca Doria and other Genoefe, Floren- 
 
 1 Ravenhill, as I have already ftated in the Preface, compiled his 
 fcanty account of the Company from Stowe, and he has adopted the 
 error of the latter refpefting a Charter granted by Edward III. which 
 he ftates was feveral times renewed and confirmed by Henry VII. in 
 1429. I repeat that I can find no mention of any fuch document 
 prior to the one in queftion, i*or do I believe it ever exifted. 
 
THE COMPANT. 6i 
 
 tine, Lucca, and Lombardy merchants, complaining of 
 the unjuft mode of garbling fpices and other fotill 
 wares. It was thereupon ordered that any merchant 
 who ftiould, for the future, fell fpices, or other mer- 
 chandize belonging to garbellage, without its being 
 firft cleanfed by a garbeller chofen, accepted, and fworn 
 for that purpofe, fliould forfeit the goods. The Gro- 
 cers' Company were requefted to recommend fome 
 member of their own body to the Court of Aldermen 
 to fill this office, which they accordingly did and 
 Thomas Halfmark was chofen and fworn garbeller of 
 fpices and of yo//// w<3r^.^ / 
 
 This Charter was afterwards confirmed, with a few 
 alterations, in the reigns of Henry the Eighth, Charles 
 the Firft, Charles the Second, James the Second, and 
 William the Third. The office of garbeller, however, 
 fell into defuetude, and the laft mention made of it is 
 in July 1687, when a " Mr. Stuart, the city garbeller, 
 offered to purchafe the Company's right in the garbling 
 of fpices and other garbleable merchandize." The 
 Court, finding that, " from long difufe, their privilege 
 of appointment to that office was weakened, they 
 accepted a fmall fine of ^50, from Mr. Stuart for the 
 office for life, and twenty fhillings per annum." 
 
 I have already mentioned that the original Ordi- Firft t'ranf- 
 nances of this Company were kept in Norman French (^""ordi- 
 and, I fhould have added, partly in Latin, ^ As fome nances 
 
 ' " The garbeller of fpices is an officer of great antiquity in the city 
 of London, who is empowered to enter any fliop or warehoufe, to 
 view and fearch drugs, &c. and to garble and cleanfe them." — Cowel. 
 
 '^ As a fpecimen of the Latin I give the following extraft from 
 the books dated 1453 : — 
 
 Tempore vero Wilelrai Marow Aldermanni necnon lohannis Crof- 
 
62 COMPANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 into Eng- confufion arofc from this irregular mode of infcribing 
 the afts and proceedings, it was refolved in 1418, 
 during the Mafterfhip of Robert Chichely, that they 
 fhould be tranflated into Englifh. This was not, in 
 all probability, executed to the fatisfaftion of the Court 
 of Affiftants; for, in 1463, Alderman William Marow 
 being Mafter, the whole was renewed or re-copied, as 
 appears from the following entry : "In the tyme of 
 William Marowe, Alderman, and alfoe of John Crof- 
 bie and WiUiam Browne, Wardeyns, namelie, of y^ 
 Myfterie or Brotherhode of Groceres of the Cittie of 
 London, elefted y^ 29 dale of y^. moneth of Augufte, 
 iny^ yeere of owre Lorde 1463, and in y^. 3'^. yeere 
 of King Edward IV. this boke was renewed." New 
 Ordinances were made, confirming and improving 
 thofe already cited and further providing for the fecu- 
 rity and interefts of the Fraternity. They relate chiefly 
 to the obligation of fecrecy on the part of the members, 
 to the promotion of brotherly love and, as the chief 
 means of effedling this, it was ordained " that yf anye 
 debatis arofe betwixt anye two members, for mifgo- 
 vernaunce of wordes, or afkyng of dette, or anye othere 
 thynge, the partye playntif fhould come to the Maiflres 
 for the yere, and telle his grievaunce," and the Mafler 
 was to make an end thereof; but if he could not, then, 
 "byleveof theMaiflre they might goe to the Lawe;" 
 which, I hope, few of them had the imprudence to do. 
 
 by et Willmi Broune Gardianor." videls.' Mftere fuis fFraternitatis 
 Grocerie Civitatis Lond. elect. Vicefonono die menfisAugufti Anno 
 dni mllino cccc.lxiij et anno regni Regis Edwardi quarti Ilf hujus 
 libri erat renova. In quo continentur Conftitucones et Ordinaciones 
 di£l:e Miftera acetiam Compotus divfor. Gardianor. et ultima volun- 
 tas divfor, fFratrrn fraternitatis ejufdem, etc. 
 
forma- 
 tion. 
 
 THE CO MP ANT. 63 
 
 For a confiderable time after thefe new arrangements, 
 there is no notice of any occurrence worth relating ; 
 the entries are confined to the regiftering of appren- 
 tices and freemen, to the eledtions of Wardens and to 
 the details of accounts of expenditure. As fome of 
 thefe are curious and worth preferving, I fhall give a 
 few extradts from them in the Appendix ; their in- 
 fertion here being fuperfluous and calculated only to 
 interrupt the courfe of the narrative. 
 
 Although there is no fpecial mention of the fad:, it The Re- 
 is clear from a variety of entries in the books, that 
 the Grocers' Company went with the ftream at the 
 Reformation and adopted the Proteflant faith, in which 
 they appear to have continued until Queen Mary came 
 to the throne. The firft adt of her reign was the refto- 
 ration of the Catholic religion ; and this Company, in 
 common with the others, was compelled to adopt, or 
 to appear to adopt, the ancient creed. I find, accord- 
 ingly, that on Sunday, June 8, 1556, "My maiftres ,5^6. 
 the Aldermen, the Wardeyns and the hole Liverie, 
 aifembled at their comon houfe called Grocers' HawU 
 and from thens they went to their churche, called 
 S'. Steven's, Wallbrooke ; where they heard dirge 
 fonge ; and, that being ended, they returned to their 
 fayde Hawll, where they drank according to their olde 
 cuflome ; and after, as many as were members, went 
 to the eleftion of their new Wardeyn ;" and, on the 
 day following, (Monday,) the whole Livery came to 
 the Hall at ten o'clock in the morning, and again went 
 to St. Stephen's, where a fermon was preached by 
 Mr. Chriftopher, " and the maife of Requiem fonge by 
 note ; " and, that done, they returned to the Hall to 
 dinner ; after which, they crowned Sir John AylifFe, 
 
'5 
 A Loan. 
 
 64 COMPANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 Knight and Alderman, their upper Warden.* The 
 Wardens were then requefted to provide " an honeft 
 prefte, of goode fame," to wait upon the Livery when 
 they attended burials, or on other occalions, "where he 
 might be needed." Sir John Harfle, being appointed 
 to this office, put in his humble fuit " to be allowed 
 the two lodgings adjoyning the parfonage of St. Ste- 
 ven's, Wallbrooke, for his lodging there during plea- 
 fure, upon his regularlie attending the Companie." 
 The Reftory of St. Stephen's, being vacant at this 
 period, three priefts made fuit for it to the Company 
 and one Dr. Staple was eledted ; but as Bonner, the 
 Bifhop of London, refufed to approve of this appoint- 
 ment, it is moft probable that the faid Dr. Staple was 
 not confidered by him as a genuine Catholic.^ From 
 this nomination, we may infer that the members of the 
 Grocers' Company, in outwardly refuming the reftored 
 religion, yielded to force and not to convidtion. A 
 Mr. Bufby was afterwards eled:ed to the living. 
 58. The firft compulfory loan levied upon the City 
 
 was at the commencement of the year 1558 and it 
 had for objedt to enable Queen Mary to profecute that 
 
 ^ The Grocers had, originally, founded a chantry in the church of 
 St. Anthony, which had been fuppreffed at the Reformation. At this 
 period, they fought to recover it, as appears by the following entry : — 
 " Mafler Ofborne to be confulted as to an Exchequer writ to be fent 
 to the poffeflbrs and occupiers or receivers of the profits of the late 
 chaunterie in the church of Saint Antonie's of London, of the foun- 
 dation of the craft of Grocers." The matter came to nothing. 
 
 ^ " On pretence of difcouraging controverfy, fhe (the queen) 
 filenced, by an a£i: of prerogative, all the preachers throughout Eng- 
 land, except fuch as jhould obtain a particular llcenfe ; and it was eafy 
 to forefee that none but the Catholics would be favoured with this 
 privilege." — Hume's Hijfory of England., vol. iv. 
 
THE COMPANY. 65 
 
 war with France which proved fo injurious to the 
 Englifh interefts and which occafioned the lofs of the 
 city of Calais. Maitland mentions the fum required 
 as being ^20,000, and he ftates the intereft allowed 
 upon it to have been at the rate of twelve per cent. 
 He is evidently wrong in the amount, as the Company's 
 records ftate it to be ^65,000 and that their proportion 
 of it was £7,0^^ . 1 1 . 6|, which was raifed by indi- 
 vidual contributions among the members.^ 
 
 So much were men difpleafed with the conduft of Final rc- 
 affairs during the reign of Mary, and fuch were their ^^1^%" 
 apprehenfions of the future, that a general and un- reliant 
 feigned joy was manifefted on the acceffion of Queen ^^''8'°"- 
 Elizabeth to the throne. Her education, as well as 
 her intereft, induced her to favour the Reformation 
 and fhe did not long hefitate with refped: to the party 
 fhe fhould adopt. The Proteftant religion was once 
 more eftablifhed; and accordingly, on the 5th of April 1559. 
 1559, the Company's books defcribe the Wardens and 
 Livery as going to St. Stephen's church, previous to 
 the eledlion, to " heare divine fervice," and attending, 
 on the following day, "a folemne fermon," after which 
 the holy communion was adminiftered to the members. 
 
 * About this period the Sovereigns were frequently in the habit of 
 borrowing fmall fums of money for their immediate neceflities. In 
 1562, "the queene fent lettres of privie feale to the Companie for a 
 hundreth powndes to be paide to her Grace's ufe, by waie of lone, 
 for a certeyn time mentioned in the fame lettres, to be certeynley 
 repaide agayn." 
 
 In Auguft 1575, was received " a precepte of the Lord Mayor to 
 this howfe to prepare ^£134 . 6 . 8, to be lent to the Queene's Ma- 
 jeftie, for one whole yeare, and if they had not foe much in ftore, they 
 were commanded to borrowe the foine, at intereft, at the coftes and 
 charges of their hawl." 
 
 K 
 
66 ^ COMPANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 They, finally, got rid of all traces of the Roman 
 Catholic religion by ordering, in 1563, "fale to be 
 made of alle the veftyments, copes, albes, and other 
 ornaments belonginge to churche ftufFe, nowe remayn- 
 inge in this howfe, for the moft commoditie of the 
 Companie." 
 Pageant On the 1 2th Tuly I CCQ, the twelve principal Corpo- 
 
 ac Green- . r t ■, r x. r i r^ 
 
 wich. rations or London lent out the lame number of Com- 
 panies, confifting together of fourteen hundred men, to 
 be muftered in Greenwich-park before the Queen; 
 eight hundred whereof were pikemen in bright armour, 
 four hundred harquebuffiers in coats of mail and hel- 
 mets and two hundred halberdiers in German rivets. 
 Thefe troops were attended by twenty-eight whifflers, 
 richly dreffed and led by the twelve principal Wardens 
 of the aforefaid Corporations, well mounted and dreffed 
 in black velvet, with fix enfigns in white fatin, faced 
 with black farfnet, and rich fcarfs.^ The Grocers' 
 contribution to this brilliant pageant is noticed as fol- 
 lows, in a precept from the Lord Mayor, which orders, 
 " 190 perfonnes, apte and picked men: whereof 60 
 to be with calyvers, flalkes, touche-boxes, morions, 
 fwordes, and daggers ; 95 to be in corfelettes, with 
 halbertes, fwordes, and daggers, for a fhewe at Green- 
 wich." Thefe kind of exhibitions were feveral times 
 repeated. 
 The Com- On the 8th July 1560, a notice was received from 
 P*"^'*, the Lord Mayor, " that ^^400 was to be gathered of 
 corn. this Companie for a provifion of come for the city ; 
 the fayd fumme to be paide at the Guyldhalle the 1 5th 
 of the foUowyng month, on account of the expedited 
 
 ' Stowe's Annals. — Maitland's Hiftory of London, vol. i. p. 254. 
 
I 
 
 - =3 
 
 -« 
 -S 
 
THE COMPANT. 67 
 
 great and exceffive price of wheate and graine and alfo 
 the greate fcarcitie and wante of the fame that there 
 was and was verie likelie fhortlie to encreafe, by reafon 
 of the greate exceffe and abundance of raine and unfea- 
 fonable weather it has pleafed Almightie God, of late, 
 to fend within the realme, if fome good remedie, pro- 
 vilion and ftaie fhould not be fpeedilie provided for the 
 fame ; and, it is furthere ordered, to avoide the fame, 
 that there fhall be taken up and made, with all con- 
 venient expedition, of the Companies and Fellow- 
 fhippes within the cittie, a verie good and fubftantialle 
 maffe and fomme of money to provide and buy corne 
 withalle, as well beyond the fea as elfewhere, towards 
 which they are afleffed as above." The objedt of this 
 precept was to induce the Companies of London to 
 keep by them a flock of corn, from which the poor 
 were to be fupplied at periods when bread was dear, 
 with meal at reafonable rates. This is demonftrated 
 by the following notice, entered on the minutes in 
 March 1 6 1 6 : — A precept was received from the Lord 
 Mayor, diredting the Company " to furnifh 6 quarters 
 of wheate meale to be fold at the markett of Queene- 
 hythe, everie Wednefday to the poore." The plan of 
 keeping a ftore of corn for this benevolent purpofe was 
 excellent and was continued for many years ; the Com- 
 pany had regular granaries at Bridewell and at the 
 Bridge-houfe, and made their purchafes when corn 
 was cheap ; felling it, from time to time, to prevent its 
 fpoiling and replacing what was difpofed of by new 
 wheat.^ 
 
 1 " To the City Granarys, where, it feems, every Company have 
 their Granary & obliged to keep fuch a quantity of corne always 
 
68 COMPANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 Jamea i.'s There is one very Angular fadt connedted with the 
 tion to the ftore of com which I cannot avoid citing, as it ihews 
 Company ^j^g ftraits to which the Royal houfehold was occa. 
 
 tor corn. •' 
 
 fionally reduced for want of money, during the reign 
 of James the Firft. On the ift of Odtober 1622 the 
 Wardens received a letter from the Duke of Lennox 
 Lord High Steward ; Sir Thomas Edmonds Lord 
 Treafurer and Sir John Suckling Comptroller of the 
 Royal houfehold ; which, after being read to the Court 
 of Affiftants, was tranfcribed, verbatim, in the proceed- 
 ings of the Company, and I here infert it at length ; 
 
 *•' To our lovinge friends the Wardens and Affiftants of the Company 
 of Grocers of the City of London. 
 
 " After our hearty commendations ; Whereas by the negleft of 
 His Ma"" purveyors, his houfe is att this tyme altogeather unfurniftied 
 with wheate, by means whereof there is a prefent want of 100 quar- 
 ters of wheate for the fervice of his houfehold, wee doe therefore pray 
 and defire you, that out of your ftocli, His Ma"' may be fupplied with 
 30 or 40 quarters of your beft and fweateft wheate, untill his owne 
 provifion may be brought in ; the which we doe faithfully promife 
 (hall be payd unto you agayne in November next att the furtheft and, 
 becaufe itt is intended that by the exchange thereof you fhall have noe 
 loffe, we have, therefore, committed the care thereof to Mr. Harvye, 
 one of His Ma"" officers of the Grenclothe, who fliall fee the fame 
 duelye anfweared and brought into your granarie by the tyme ap- 
 poynted ; and foe, not doubtynge of your willinge performance uppon 
 foe prefent aftd needefull occafion, wee bidd you heartilie farewell. 
 Whitehall, the 27 of September 1622. 
 
 " Your loving friends, LENOX. 
 
 Thomas Edmonds. 
 John Sucklinge." 
 
 This curious document, although ligned by three of 
 
 there, or, at a time of fcarcity to ifTue it at fo much a bufliell and a 
 fine thing it is to fee their ftores of all forts, for piles for the bridge 
 and for pipes." — Pepys^ Diary, 1664. 
 
THE COMPANT. 69 
 
 the greateft men in the ftate, failed to produce its full 
 effed:, for there appears to have been great hefitation 
 on the part of the members to accede to the demand; 
 but the Officer mentioned in the letter, being in attend- 
 ance, promifed " foe to mediate, that ten quarters 
 fhould be taken in fatisfadtion of the whole demande ;" 
 and, accordingly, that quantity was ordered to be lent 
 to his Majefty ; but whether it was ever repaid does 
 not appear. 
 
 In the following reign, anno 1631, the Lord Mayor 
 informed the Company that " divers merchants trading 
 to the Eaft countries had, of late, brought into the 
 kingdome great quantities of corne, (being rye) which, 
 for quality, was as good or better than the growth of 
 this kingdome, though they had no vend for it ;" that, 
 on the fuggeftion of the Lords of the Privy Council, 
 they were contented to fell it at 8^. per buihel lefs 
 than it coft them ; and that the faid Lords, as well for 
 their relief as for the encouragement of future fpecu- 
 lators, had recommended the Lord Mayor and Alder- 
 men to prefs the Companies to buy it at the prices 
 offered, blaming him for not having compelled them 
 fo to do. The Lord Mayor's letter goes on, therefore, 
 to command them, in conformity with this recom- 
 mendation, to repair to Mr. Alderman Clitheroe, Go- 
 vernor of the Eaftland Company, and to purchafe 500 
 quarters of that rye, at 6s. 6d. a bufhel, " beinge one- 
 half of this Companie's proportion, at the rate of 
 10,000 quarters, which they were bound to have in 
 ftore, accordinge to ancient cuftome, and that they 
 (hould laye up the fame in the Companie's granarie, in 
 readinefTe for fupplying the citie marketts, as occafion 
 may require." Whereto, " after a grave, mature, and 
 
JO COMPANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 deliberate debate," the Court ordered, that anfwer 
 fhould be returned with all humble refpefl: ; 
 
 I ft, That the adt of Common Council, ordering the 
 Companies to provide corn, expreffed only wheat and 
 not rye. 
 
 2dly, That they had hitherto furnifhed the markets 
 and wards, agreeably to his Lordfhip's diredlions, to 
 their apparent lofs of j^400 at the leaft, and were yet 
 ftored with 400 quarters for future fupply, which pro- 
 portion, they conceived, would be fufficient till harveft, 
 when (God willing) they hoped to renew their ftore 
 upon better and more eafy rates. 
 
 3dly, That, belides the proportion of corn they then 
 had, they expeded the performance of a contradt from 
 Mr. Burlamach of 200 quarters more. 
 
 4thly, That they found, by their experience and 
 lofs notwithftanding the great fcarcity and dearth, that 
 the poor would not receive or ufe meal of either barley 
 or rye alone, nor yet with the mixture of two-third 
 parts of wheat with it, fo that 500 quarters of rye 
 would require 1500 quarters of wheat to be put to it 
 and they, therefore, conceived it impoffible for the 
 Company to undertake fuch a bargain. They ftate, 
 belides, that, in winter, when wheat was very dear 
 and fcarcely to be had, they were conftrained to buy 
 rye to mix with wheat, to furnifh the neceflity of the 
 market at that time ; but they found the city markets 
 then fo flack for that commodity, that the greater part 
 of what was then bought remained ftill on their hands 
 for want of purchafers, to the Company's great lofs ; 
 and they further contended "that there had been no 
 public contract made for any corn with the merchants 
 mentioned, and they conceived, therefore, that they 
 
THE COMPANT. 71 
 
 had only bought it in hope of profit, for which purpofe 
 they landed fome part of it upon the coaft ; and divers 
 other merchants, both Dutch and Englifh, had like- 
 wife brought in great quantities, which they offered 
 to fell at 5J. the bufliel, which was the caufe of the 
 faid lofs, it being a thing ufually incident to mer- 
 chants to receive lofs by overloading of a market with 
 any commodity." They therefore humbly prayed to 
 be excufed. 
 
 In 1642 the Court of Aldermen having communi- 
 cated to the Court the diftreffed fituation of the Pro- 
 teftants in Londonderry, who, in a petition prayed for 
 a fupply of corn, requefted a contribution from the 
 Company's ftore ; upon which one hundred quarters 
 were ordered to be iffued for the purpofe. After the 
 Reftoration, in 1660, a fum of ^^ 12,000 was levied, 
 by the Common Council, upon the Companies of the 
 city, "to be laid out in come as a prefent to the King's 
 Majeftie." The proportion of the Grocers was ^1080, 
 which they freely gave "as an afte of honor and refpedt 
 from the cittie, and which may in due time conduce to 
 the Angular advantage and benefit of the Companie." 
 The flock of corn was conftantly kept up, as before 
 ftated, until the great fire of London in 1666; the 
 Company's property having been then entirely de- 
 ftroyed, the cuftom was difcontinued. I fhould have 
 ftated that the money for this purpofe was levied by a 
 perfonal contribution from the members, and that two 
 of the Livery were, from time to time, appointed by 
 the Court of AfTiftants, under the name of " Come 
 Renters," to coUedt it. 
 
 One of the popular afts of Queen Elizabeth's reign 
 was the reftoration of the circulating medium to a juft '^ '" 
 
72 COMPANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 flandard and value and it was naturally expedted that 
 this would have been followed by a decline in the 
 prices of all kinds of commodities; but the dealers 
 evidently confpired to keep them up, as appears by a 
 curious article inferted in the Company's books : — 
 
 In the year 1561 the Wairdens of the Mercers' 
 Company being fummoned before the Queen's council 
 " for uttering and felling velvetts, fattens, and da- 
 mafkes " at the great prices they did ; " confidering 
 her Majefty had brought her bafe coin to as fine a coin 
 as ever was in England ; which bafenefs of coin had 
 been thentofore their's and other's excufes for the high 
 prices of all manner of wares, and that the nobility and 
 gentry perceived no amendment of the prices of the 
 faid forts of filks, to the great offence of her Grace." 
 The Mercers replied, that they had no power or 
 authority over thofe who fold filks, except they were 
 members of their own Company, and that retail dealers 
 of other Companies were much more faulty : in proof 
 whereof, they requeiled their Honors would fend for 
 the Grocers, and take them to tafk, promifing for 
 theimfelves to make fuch reform as would give fatif- 
 fadiion. It is mofl probable, that fome communication 
 was made to the Company on this fubjedt, as the above 
 appears in the records ; but as no further notice is 
 taken of it, we have no means of afcertaining whether 
 the Grocers proceeded to recommend a redudtion in 
 the prices of commodities to the members of their 
 Fraternity. 
 1567. It has already been flated that Queen Elizabeth, 
 fery in^' ^^^^"^ treafury was frequently at a very low ebb, made 
 England, occafional applications to the Companies of London 
 for the loan of fmall fums of money. She reforted, 
 
THE COMPANY. y^ 
 
 befides, to other modes of fuftaining her finances, fuch 
 as difcharging her obligations to her fervants and de- 
 pendants by granting them patents for monopolies, 
 which they fold to others ; an impoHtic proceeding on 
 her part, which created general difcontent.* In 1567 
 fhe borrowed a hint from fome of the continental 
 governments and had recourfe to the expedient of a 
 lottery, the firft ever known in England. The fcience 
 of puffing, which, in our times, has attained fuch per- 
 fection, was unknown at that period, and, in lieu of 
 placards and advertifements, fhe appears to have adopted 
 the more diredt mode of perfonal folicitation. A notice 
 in the records, dated November 1567, fets forth, that 
 the Lord Mayor fent a precept to the Wardens to 
 acquaint them, that he had received from the Lords 
 of the Queen's mofl honourable Privy Council, in her 
 
 * " She granted her fervants and courtiers patents for monopolies ; 
 and thofe patents they fold to others, who were thereby enabled to 
 raife commodities to what price they pleafed and who put invincible 
 reftraints upon all commerce, induftry, and emulation in the arts. It 
 is aftonifhing to confider the number and importance of thofe commo- 
 dities, which were thus affignedover to patentees. Currants, fait, iron, 
 powder, cards, calf-fkins, felts, pouldavies, ox-fhin bones, train oil, 
 lifts of cloth, &c. &c. Thefe are but a part of the commodities, 
 which had been appropriated to monopolifts. When this lift was read 
 in the houfe, a member cried. Is not bread in the number? Bread! faid 
 everyone with aftonifhment : Tes^ I ajfure you, replied he, if affairs 
 go on at this rate, we jhall have bread reduced to a monopoly before the 
 next parliament."— Hume's Hiftory of England, vol. v. 
 
 In 1575, a precept was read to the Court by the Wardens, of a 
 licenfe granted by the Queen's Majefty to one Acerbo Devitello, an 
 Italian, that he only fhould bring into this realm " comon and fallet 
 oyle, and he to fell the fame to any perfon he will, foreign or freeman, 
 and at his owne beame," which being thought prejudicial to the free- 
 men of the city, a petition to the Mayor and Aldermen, on the fubjeift, 
 was ordered to be drawn up. 
 
74 COMPANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 Grace's name, a letter " in comendacion of the lotterie 
 lately publifhed by her Highnefs, which, for the fur- 
 therance of the fame, did require, that the Wardens 
 would call the Companie together, and exhorte the 
 fame to adventure fome reafonable fum toward the 
 preferment of the fame lotterie."^ The contents of 
 this letter being confidered, every one of the Company 
 prefent promifed " to put in fomewhat, as to them- 
 felves fhould feem good." It was alfo refolved, that 
 the Wardens fhould, of the goods of the houfe, " ad- 
 venture and put into the faid lotterie, the fome of 
 ^xx, which is for xxxx lotterie fhares," and the Court 
 to be a fufficient warrant for the fame. The pofie to 
 be this — 
 
 " For the Grocers' Hawll, 
 A lott greate or fmall." 
 
 It was likewife thought good that the Mafter and 
 Wardens fhould caufe the whole Livery and Com- 
 monalty to affemble " to the end the like exhortation 
 might be made to them." The lottery here men- 
 tioned is defcribed in a very curious and rare traft, in 
 the Guildhall library, entitled, " TAe great frofi ; cold 
 doings in London, except it be at the lotterie. A familiar 
 talke betweene a countryman and a citizen, touching this 
 terrible froji and the great lotterie and the effeSis of 
 them." The following dialogue occurs in it : — 
 
 Countryman. — " I remember, in the eleventh yere 
 of the raigne of Queene Elizabeth, a lotterie began 
 here in London, in which, if my memorie faile not, 
 were foure hundred thoufand lotts to be drawne. 
 
 ^ This lottery was drawn at the weftern door of Saint Paul's Ca- 
 thedral. — Maitland's Hijlory of London. 
 
THE COMPANT. y^ 
 
 Citizen.—" You fay right ; fo much ftill lies in my 
 memorie. 
 
 Countryman. — " Marry, that lotterie was for money, 
 and everie lott was ten fhiUings. Then there was 
 another great lotterie about the eight and twentie 
 yeere of the fame Queene's raigne, which began in the 
 middle of fommer and was for rich and coftly armours, 
 guilt and engraven. To win thefe armors, all the 
 Companies of the Cittie ventured generally fummes of 
 money."* 
 
 Various entries demonftrate that the Company were 
 fortunate and gained feveral prizes, but the amounts of 
 them are not fpecified. It is clear, however, that they 
 were very tardily, if ever, paid. In one place we find 
 mention of perfons appointed " to receive the lotterie 
 money;" and later, in 1571, four years after the draw- 
 ing, it is ftated, that " money is coming to this houfe for 
 the lotterie ; " and that, as " certen of the Companie, 
 for their adventure in the lotterie, have not been paid," 
 it is agreed to fupplicate the Lord Mayor and Court 
 of Aldermen, "to take fome order for the payment 
 thereof." It is evident that this meafure was attended 
 with no beneficial refult, for there is not one entry in 
 the accounts to {hew that the prizes were ever paid. 
 About forty-five years after, the Company were more 
 fortunate ; for, in December 161 2, the following entry 
 occurs; "A faire round fait and cover, all of filver 
 guylt, weighing 44!- ounces i dwt., was received by 
 the Wardens, in regard of £12, • 10 • happening to 
 
 » I find the following entry in the records in 1580. " Item a fayre 
 head piece, one lardge gauntlett and one arminge fword w"" a girdle 
 ventured by Brothers of the Company in the Lottery." 
 
76 COMPANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 them in the late lotterie, made for the plantation in 
 Virginia, upon their adventure of putting in of ^^62 . 5. 
 and for igs. 6d. more, paid by the Mafter and Wardens 
 for the fame." Thefe are the only two occafions on 
 which mention of lotteries is made in the records ; 
 and although thefe traps for the unwary were of fre- 
 quent occurrence afterwards, the Company, no doubt, 
 profited fufficiently by the experience they had pur- 
 chafed, and abftained from venturing in them. 
 •568. It is well known that Queen Elizabeth, for having 
 thejefuit. re-eftablifhed the Proteftant faith, was excommuni- 
 cated by a bull of Pope Pius V. Granger, alluding 
 to this fadt, adds that, " as (he was the main pillar of 
 the Reformed Religion, fhe was compelled by the 
 great law of neceffity, though not without grief and 
 reluctance, to let loofe the laws againft feminary priefts 
 and jefuits, her known enemies, as her perfonal fafety 
 and that of her kingdom depended upon it." It is a 
 curious fadt, that one of the moft formidable of thefe 
 jefuits, and the firft of that fed: who fuffered martyrdom 
 in this reign, was Edmund Campion, an exhibitioner 
 or fcholar of the Grocers' Company at Oxford.^ Be- 
 fore he formally adopted the dodlrines of the Church 
 of Rome, fufpicions of his orthodoxy were entertained 
 and the Court of Afliftants felt themfelves bound to 
 make inquiries into the fubjed: ; the particulars of their 
 proceedings and the final refult of them are thus de- 
 tailed in the books in the year 1568: 
 
 ^ A head of Campion was printed at Rome, with this infcription 
 attached to it : — " P. Edmund Campianus, qui primus e Societ. Jefu 
 Londini, pro fide Cathol. Martyrium confummavit. i Dec. 1581." 
 
THE COMPANT. yj 
 
 " To accorde and clere the fufpicions conceived of 
 Edmond Campion and one of this Companie's fcoUers, 
 that he may utter his mind in favoring the religion 
 now authorized ; it is agreed that, betw^een this and 
 Candlemas next, he fhall com and preache at Pawrll's 
 Crofle in London, or ells the Companie's exhibitions 
 to ceafe and be apoynted to another ; and that he fhall 
 have w^arnynge thereof from Mr. Wardens to provide 
 himfelf." Campion evidently difliked the propofed 
 ordeal, for a fubfequent entry ftates, that he, " being 
 one of the Companie's fcollers, and fufpedted to be of 
 unfound judgment in religion," petitioned them to 
 poftpone " the clearing of himfelf herein by preach- 
 inge of a fermon at Paw^l's CrofTe, unto MichaelmafTe," 
 vv^hich was agreed to. It is afterwards mentioned, 
 that he prefented himfelf at a Court of the Company, 
 " to know their pleafure as to this bufinefs ?" He 
 exprefTed great difinclination to preach at the Crofs 
 and entreated, at all events, to be allowed further time 
 for preparation. The Court, taking in good part that 
 he did not abfolutely refufe, were fatisfied to allow him 
 firft to preach, " as a lefs nottable place than Pawll's 
 Crofle," at their church of St. Stephen's, Wallbrook. 
 On this being communicated to him, he again endea- 
 voured to evade the trial, and, on the plea of being " a 
 publick perfon, that could not do what he would, and 
 that he was befide charged with the education of divers 
 worfhippfuU men's children," he afked a longer time. 
 As the Company would not confent to this, he re- 
 quefled a note, in writing, containing the precife nature 
 of their defires. Having obtained this and not choofing 
 to comply with its contents, he, fubfequentiy, refigned 
 
78 COMPJNT OF GROCERS. 
 
 his exhibition at the Univerfity, and the Company 
 appointed another man in his place. 
 
 As this extraordinary man obtained great celebrity 
 in his time, and as he was in fome degree attached to 
 the Grocers' Company, it may not be irrelevant to give 
 a brief fketch of his life. Edmund Campion was edu- 
 cated at Chrifl's Hofpital, in London, whence he 
 removed to Saint John's College, Oxford. He there 
 diftinguiftied himfelf as an orator and a difputant, in 
 both which capacities he entertained Queen Elizabeth 
 at a public adt, when fhe vifited the Univerfity. He 
 foon after became a convert to the Church of Rome, 
 and retired to the college at Douay, where he took his 
 bachelor of divinity's degrees. In 1573 he travelled to 
 Rome, where he became a jefuit, and was foon after 
 fent by his fuperiors, as a miflionary, into Germany, 
 where he compofed his Latin tragedy, intituled NeBar 
 and Ambrogia, which was adled with great applaufe in 
 the prefence of the Emperor. The laft fcene of his 
 life was in England, where he was regarded as a dan- 
 gerous adverfary to the Eftabliihed Church. He was 
 executed at Tyburn, the ift of December, 1581.^ His 
 writings fhow him to have been a man of various and 
 polite learning. His Decern rationes, written againft 
 the Proteftant Religion, have been folidly anfwered by 
 feveral of our beil divines. The original manufcript 
 of his Hiftory of Ireland is in the Britifh Mufeum.^ 
 The jefuit Paul Bambino has left a Hiftory of the Life 
 and Martyrdom of his Colleague, which concludes 
 
 ' " Campion was detefled in treafonable praftices ; and being put 
 to the rack, and confefling his guilt, he was publicly executed." — 
 Hume's Hijlory of England^ vol. v. 
 
 ^ Granger's Biographical Hiftory of England. Supplement, 
 
THE COMPANT. 79 
 
 with thefe words — " Deo laus, B. Q^ V. M. M. et 
 beatiffimo noftrorum martyrum Anglorum principi, 
 Edmundo Campiano." 
 
 However inclined we may be to view the tranfac- 1571. 
 tions of the Catholics at this period in a liberal light, J^^f^'the 
 it cannot be denied that they adted againft the exifting Duke of 
 laws in endeavouring, by intrigues, by libels and con- 
 fpiracies, to procure the fubverfion of the eftablifhed 
 religion. A precept from the Lord Mayor, illuftrative 
 of this aft, is thus noticed in the books : — 
 
 " On the 1 6th Odtober 1571 the Wardens made an 
 exhortation to the generaltie of this Companie upon 
 the declaration of certain confpiracies." They informed 
 them of " the greate zeale and love of the Queene's 
 Majeftie towards her good cytezens of this Citie of 
 London ; who, with her owne mouthe, declared the 
 fame unto the Lords of her Highnefs Privie Counfeyll, 
 willing them to declare the fame unto the Lord Maior, 
 the Aldermen, and Comoners of the faid cytie, viz. 
 that her Grace doth hope that the good cytezens doe 
 well like of her Grace's government. And whereas 
 there be now certen perfones comytted to faff kepyng, 
 that the fame ys for matters of greate weyght and ym- 
 portance ; for there ys uttered and com to knowledge, 
 by the greate goodnes of the Almightie God, fuche 
 horyble confpyracies as did extende to the deftruccion 
 of her Ma*'^*' perfon (whom we befeeche God of his 
 infinyte mercye, long to continue in good and prof- 
 perous eftate) and alfo to the fubvercion of her Grace's 
 government and to the utter deftruccion of this noble 
 cytie, for evin aboute this tyme (huld certen evill per- 
 fones have gathered themfelves into this cytie, and 
 fodenly made an uproare in the fame and then fhould 
 
8o COMPANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 certen ftraungers owte of the Low Countreyes of 
 Flanders have enterid at fom porte nighe unto the 
 cytie, to ayde them in there devylifhe enterpryfe unto 
 the which the fpoyle of the cytie was p'^mefy'^ ; fo that 
 yf Almyghtie God had not difapoynted there ungodly 
 purpofe, we had all been utterlie undone ; and yet the 
 enemyes, that is to faye, the Pope, Duke Alva, and 
 there adherents, have promyfed to be redy to fynifhe 
 there faid entrepryfe, aflbone as occalion ihall ferve. 
 Wherefore yet it is neceflarie for us to be all vigylant 
 and carefulle over this cytie, and fpecialy everie man 
 in his owne howfe ; and alfoe yf any of us heare any 
 evyl difpofed pfones go abowte to allow, maynteyne, or 
 defende any of thofe that be now juftely corny tted to 
 faf kepyng, that we cawfe the fame to be apprehendyd, 
 and to informe the Lord Maior thereof, that fuche 
 evyll members may have condigne punilhment for 
 their myfdemeanor. God fave the Quene's Ma'tie 
 and confowTide her enemyes. Amen !" The con- 
 fpiracy here alluded to is that of which the Duke of 
 Norfolk was the head, and for which, he, in the year 
 1572, loft his life on the fcaffold. His objed: was, 
 partly, to procure the reftoration of the Roman Ca- 
 tholic Religion, and, partly, to obtain the liberation of 
 Mary, Queen of Scots, who had given him a promife 
 of marriage in cafe of fuccefs. His principal agent was 
 a Florentine merchant named Rodolfi, who managed 
 all the correfpondence with the court of Rome, and 
 who communicated with the Duke of Alva refpeft- 
 ing the propofed invaiion of England by the Spanifh 
 forces.^ It muft be admitted that the Queen, in the 
 
 ' Hume's Hiftory of England, vol. v. 
 
THE COMPANT. 8i 
 
 above communication to the citizens, contrives very 
 artfully to mix up her own danger with their fafety. 
 
 The probability of Elizabeth's marriage with the lH^^s.' 
 Duke of Anjou was very ftrongly rumoured at the ^°°^ 
 commencement of the year 1579, and was generally 
 difpleafing to the Nation. A book, written by Stubbs,^ 
 a puritan clergyman, againft the propofed match, was 
 every where read ^yith avidity and created a ftrong 
 fenfation ; fo much fo, that the Queen thought it ne- 
 ceffary to order an addrefs to be iflued to the Citizens, 
 by the Mayor, for its fuppreffion ; and, accordingly, 
 we find an entry in the Company's records to the 
 following effedb : — 
 
 On the 1 6th of September 1579, all the members 
 of the Company were called together by the Wardens, 
 in confequence of a precept from the Lord Mayor, to 
 give them warning ** that they fhould be verye carefull 
 in performynge all things that are contayned in her 
 ]\/[a'tie's proclamacon latelie fet owte, which doth con- 
 tayne the forbyddinge of the having, redinge or kep- 
 inge of any of the fedition libells that have of late byne 
 expofed abrode againft the Duke of Anjoye and his 
 embafladours, and to the diftorbinge and troblinge of 
 the Queen's Matie's fubjedls, and in dryvinge a miftruft 
 and great dowte of alteracion of religion ; and erneft 
 
 * " Henry Stubbs was a puritan divine of diftinguifhed merit, who 
 was educated at Wadham College, Oxford. In 1564, when he refided 
 in the city of Wells, he was appointed one of the Commiflioners for 
 ejefting ignorant and fcandahus minijiers. Mr. Wood fpeaks of him 
 as a feditious preacher ; but Dr. Calamy, who is acknowledged to be 
 a writer of more candour, gives us a very different charafter of him, 
 and reprefents him as a man of great humility, meeknefs, and charity, 
 and above allfailious inducements."— Granger' s Biog. Hijlory of Eng- 
 land.^ vol. iii. 
 
 M 
 
82 COMPANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 warnynge was given to them all, that her Ma*'^'^ plea- 
 fure ys that no perfon, which hath regarde to her 
 Ma*'^'^ honor, do efteme of the faid fedicious booke or 
 the maynteanors or fpreaders thereof, otherwife than 
 as traytors devyfe to difcredit her Ma*'* with her good 
 fubjeds and that her Ma*'* doth wille and ftraightlie 
 charge, that all the faid bookes or libells fhall be de- 
 ftroyed in open fight of fome publique officer and 
 that the favourers and with bowlders thereof, are to 
 be atached to anfwer accordinge to the demeritts. 
 God fave the Queene's Majeftie." 
 The members of the Company all promifed com- 
 pliance, but they were flow in performing, as two 
 other precepts, to the fame effeik, were ifTued before 
 the books were brought in. 
 '584- The zeal and vigilance of the Queen's minifters, 
 pany'sde- Burleigh and Walfingham, had been kept in conftant 
 claration activity by the confpiracies detedted, from time to 
 time, in various parts of the country. Many of them 
 were, with great appearance of reafon, attributed to 
 the intrigues of Mary Queen of Scots ; others were 
 laid to the charge of the Catholics. To neutralize 
 this fpirit of difaffeftion, an AfTociation, in fupport of 
 the government, was fet on foot by the Earl of 
 Leicefter and other individuals attached to the Court ; 
 and, as Elizabeth was generally popular, multitudes 
 willingly came forward to fign a declaration which 
 emanated from it. The document, although rather 
 long, is curious ; and, as I have never met with it in the 
 works of any hiftorian, I fhall tranfcribe it from the 
 Company's records in which it is to be found entire. 
 It is conceived in the following terms : — 
 
THE COMPANT. 83 
 
 " Memorandum.— ThiA the xj daye of November, 1584, the 
 Affiftants and Liverie aflembled togeather at the Hall, to 
 feale and fubfcribe unto two feverall relies of parchement, 
 and to take oathes to performe the articles foUowinge, 
 beinge entred at the beginnynge of the fame roUes, beinge 
 fent from the Lord Maior, by diredtion from the Lord 
 Chauncelor, together with the oathe hereafter alfo foUow- 
 inge. 
 
 " Forafmuche as Allmightie God hath ordayned Kinges, Queenes, 
 and Princes to have dominion and rule over all theire fubjefts, and to 
 preferve them in the profeffion and obligation of the true Chriftian 
 religion, accordinge to his holie word and commandement, and in like 
 forte that all fubjefts fhould love, feare, and obey theire Soveraigne 
 Princes, beinge Kinges or^ Queenes, and to the uttermoft of their 
 powers at all tymes to withftande, purfue, and fupprefle, all manner of 
 perfonnes that fliall, by any meanes intende and attempte anny thinge 
 daungerous or hurtfull to the honors, eftates, or perfonnes of theire 
 foveraignes : Thearefore, we, whos names are or fhall be fubfcribed to 
 this writinge, beinge naturall borne fubjefts of this realme of England, 
 and havinge foe gracious a Ladye our Soveraigne Elizabeth, by the 
 ordynance of God, our moft rightfull Queene, raigninge over us theis 
 many yeares with greate felicitie to our ineftimable comfort ; andlind- 
 inge, of late, by dyvers depofitions, confeflions, and fondrye advertife- 
 ments out of foraigne partes by credible perfonnes well knowen to her 
 Majeftie's Counfell, and to divers others, that, for the furtherance and 
 advancement of fome pretended title to the crowne of this realme, yt 
 hath bin raanyfeft that the life of our gracious Soveraigne Ladye 
 Queen Elizabeth hath bin moft traiterouflie and devilifhlie fought, and 
 the fame followed moft daungerouflie to the perill of her perfonne, yf 
 Almightie God, her perpetuall defence, of his mercie had not revealed 
 and vdthftood the fame ; by whos life, we, and all other her Ma""'' 
 loyall and true fubjeftesdoe injoye an ineftimable benefitt of peace in 
 this land, doe for the reafons and caufes before alledged, not onlie 
 acknowledge ourfelves moft juftlie bound with our lives, landes, and 
 goodes, in her defence and for her fafetie, to withftand, purfue, and 
 fupprefle, all fuche mifchievous perfonnes, and all other her enemies, 
 of what nation, condition, or degree foever they be, or by what color 
 or title they fhall pretende to be her enemies, or to attempte any harme 
 unto her perfonne : But we do alfoe think it our moft bownden dutie, 
 for the greate benefitt of peace and godlie governement, which we 
 have more plentifuUie received, theis manie years, under her Ma"''" 
 
84 COMPANY OF GROCERS. 
 
 government, than our forefathers have done in any longer tyme of any 
 other her Progenitors, Kinges of this realme, to declare and, by this 
 wrytinge, make manifeft our loyall and bounden dutie to our faide 
 Soveraigne Ladie for her fafetie, and to that ende, we and everye of us, 
 firft callinge to witnefle the holie name of Almightie God, doe volun- 
 tarilie and moft wilHnglie binde our felves, everye one of us to the 
 other, joyntlie and feverallie, in the bonde of one firme and loyall 
 focietye, and doe hereby vowe and promife, before the Majeftie of 
 Almightie God, that with our whoU powers, bodies, lives, landes, and 
 goodes, and with our children and fervauntes, we, and everie of us, 
 will faithfullie ferve and humblie obeye our fayde Soveraigne Ladye 
 Queene Elizabeth, againft all eftates, dignities, and earthlie powers 
 whatfoever, and will, as well with our joynte as particular forthcom- 
 inge our lives, withftande, ofFende, and purfue, as well by force of 
 armes, as by all other meanes of revenge, all manner of perfonnes, of 
 what eftate foever they fhall be, and theire abettors, that fliall attempte 
 any afte, counfell, or confent to any thinge that fhall tende to the 
 harme of her Ma'"'''' royal perfonne, and we fhall never defifte from 
 all manner of forcible purfuite againft fuch perfonnes, to the uttermoft 
 extermination of them, their counfellors, aiders, and abettors ; and if 
 any fuch wicked attempt againft her Ma""^'' moft royall perfonne fhall 
 be taken in hand or procured, wherebye any that have, male, or fhall 
 pretende title to come to this realme, by the untimelie deathe of her 
 Ma"% be wickedlie procured (which God, for his mercye fake, forbidd) 
 male be advanced, we doe not onlie vowe and binde our felves, bothe 
 joyntlie and feverallie, never to allowe, accept, or favour any fuch 
 pretended fuccefTor, by whom, or for whom any fuche deteftable a£i:e 
 fhall be attempted or comitted, or anye that male any waye clayme, by 
 or from fuch perfonne or pretended fuccefTor as ys aforefaide,by whom, 
 or for whom fuch an afte fhall be attempted or committed, as unwor- 
 thie of all government in any Chriftian realme or civill focietie, but 
 doe alfo further vowe and proteft, as we are moft bounden, and that in 
 the prefence of the eternal and ever livinge God, to perfecute fuch 
 perfon or perfons to the deathe, with our joynt or particuler forces, 
 and to take the uttermoft revenge on them that, by any poffible meanes, 
 we, or any of us, can devyfe and doe, or caufe to be devifed or done, 
 for their utter overthrowe and exterpation ; and to the better corro- 
 boration of this our loyall bond and afTociation, we doe alfo teftifye by 
 this wrytinge, that we doe confirme the contentes hereof by our oathes, 
 corporallie taken upon the holie Evangelifts, with this exprelTe condi- 
 tion, that no one of us fhall, for any refpecSle of perfonnes or caufes, 
 for feare or rewarde, feparate ourfelves from this afTociation, or faile in 
 
THE CO MP ANT. 85 
 
 the profecution hereof during our lives, upon paine to be by the reft 
 of us profecuted and fupprefled as perjured perfonnes, and as publique 
 enemyes to God, our Queene, or native countrye. To w^hich punifh- 
 ment & paynes we doe voluntarilie fubmitt ourfelves and everie of us 
 without benefitt of any exception to be hereafter challenged by any 
 color or pretexte. In wittenefle of all which promifes to be inviolablie 
 kept, we doe to this writinge put our handes & feales, and fhall be 
 moft reddye to accept and admitt any others hereafter to this focietie 
 andaflbciation. Dated the fixt daye of November, anno Reg'^-Elizab. 
 xxvj'"- A. D"'- 1584." 
 
 The oath alluded to in the above declaration was as 
 follows : — 
 
 " I, A. B., havinge throughlie & advifedlie waied and confidered the 
 Contents of this prefent inftrument of aflbciation, through God's good 
 grace, doe promife moft faithfuUie, under my hand and feale, to per- 
 forme the fame to the uttermoft of my power. So help me God, and 
 the holie contentes of this booke." 
 
 Signed by feventy-two members, whofe names are 
 given. 
 
 After the deftrudtion of the Spanifh Armada, the .'59'- 
 Queen and her government refolved to increafe the war fur- 
 naval force of the nation, for the purpofe of ading 'V'^qj''^ 
 againft the Spaniards, on their own coafts and elfe- 
 where. Letters were received by the Lord Mayor 
 from the Lord Treafurer, and from the Lord Admiral 
 of England, written " at the requefte of the Queene's 
 moft excellent Majeftie, that fix (hippes of war and 
 one pynafle fhould be furnyfhed and fet forth by the 
 Cittie, for her Majeftie's fervice, and that j^SjOoo 
 fhould be levied out of the Halls of the Cittie, by an 
 equall and indifFerenteaiTefTmente." The Grocers were 
 naturally compelled to furnifh their proportion, which 
 the accounts fhew to have amounted to the fum of 
 j^622 . 10 . I. A further fumof ^£526 was levied on 
 the members in Auguft 1596, for a fimilar purpofe. 
 
86 COMP^NT OF GROCERS. 
 
 namely, " for the fetting forth of the fhippes and 
 pynafles lateliie furnyfhed by the Cittie, under the 
 Right Honourable the Earl of Effex and the Lord 
 Admiral, to annoye the King of Spaine." And, in 
 January 1603, a further call was made, to fit out two 
 fhips and a pinnace, "for the fuppreffinge of the 
 Dunkirkers." 
 1605. At the beginning of the reign of James I., the 
 Charterof Groccrs' Company obtained from that Sovereign a new 
 James I. charter. A notice in the journals of the month of 
 Auguft 1605, declares, "that the new charter was 
 read to the Company in Englifh by the Clerk, when 
 the whole of them with one voyce and free confente 
 gave greate approbation and allowance thereof; and 
 returned Mr. Tipper, a member of the Court, thankes 
 of his great paines and talent in the bufinefs :" a 
 gratuity was ordered to Mr. Tipper's clerks, and a 
 remuneration of ^^8 . 8. to Joyce Knight, "paynter 
 ftayner, for lymninge, guildynge, and flourifhinge the 
 Companie's charter, with the King's and Prince's 
 armes, and with divers of the Affiftants their armes," 
 befides an allowance of Ss. for two fkins of vellum. 
 
 On the 8th July 1606, the Company were called 
 upon by the Lord Mayor to pay ^87 . 8. "parcel of 
 jTiooo, for the makeinge of a pageant and raylinge^ 
 of the ftreetes, as of other neceffaryes to be performed 
 by the Cittie at the Royal paflages of the King's ma- 
 jeftie and the King of Denmarke, with their traynes, 
 throughe this Cittie, the laft of this month." 
 
 ^ The railing here alluded to, was placed in front of the ftands 
 occupied by the City Companies on each fide of the ftreets through 
 which public proceflions pafled. 
 
THE COMPANT. 87 
 
 The King of Denmark here alluded to was brother- 
 in-law to the King ; and the pageant made by the City, 
 on the occafion of his entry into London is defcribed 
 in a fcarce trafl: in the Guildhall library, entitled, 
 " The moft royall and honourable entertainment of 
 the famous and renowned King Chriftiern the Fourth, 
 King of Denmarke, who, with a fleete of gallant 
 Ihippes, arrived on Thurfday the 1 6 day of July 1 606, 
 in Tylbery-hope near Gravefend ; with a relation of his 
 meeting, by our royall King, the Prince and nobles of 
 our realme : the pleafures fundry times (hewed for his 
 gracious welcome, and moft famous and admirable 
 entertainment at Theobald's ; with the royal paflage, 
 on Thurfday the 31ft of July, through the Citty of 
 London, and honourable fhewes there prefented them, 
 and manner of their pafling. By H. R., 1606." 
 
 The royal party having landed at the Tower from 
 Greenwich, " they made no long ftaye, but as fuddenlie 
 as the traine could be marftialled, according to their 
 auncient manner, they fet forwardes, where the Kinges 
 were entertained by that worthie magiftrate Sir Leonard 
 HoUyday, Lord Mayor of the honourable Cittie of 
 London, who delivered the fword unto his highnefTe, 
 who gracioufly received it, and then proceeded in the 
 following order, namelie : — 
 
 " The Marihalls of the Cittie firft, who had with 
 greate care and deferved commendations for their tra- 
 vailes, from the morning very early, rid up and downe 
 the Cittie, carefully overfeeing the multitudes of people 
 which came to be partakers of thefe royal fightes, 
 who, by the ftraight commandment received from the 
 Lord Maior and Aldermen for the peoples' fafeties 
 and that no harme might befall any of the Companies ; 
 
88 COMPANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 fo highly, and with fuch greate regard did they apply 
 themfelves, that thereby much harme was prevented." 
 In defcribing the firft part of the proceffion, the writer 
 proceeds to point out, with evident marks of wonder, 
 " the Kinge of Denmarke's drummer ridinge upon a 
 horfe, with two drums, one of each fide the horfe's 
 necke, whereon he ftrooke two little mallets of wood, 
 a thinge verie admirable to the common forte, and 
 much admired." Then came the Lord High Admiral, 
 who carried the fword, " and betweene two other 
 two, the Lord May re of London, who carryed the 
 mace ;" then the " moft gracious Prince Henrie, and 
 after, thefe two famous honours of eftate and majeftie, 
 the two Kinges, our dreade Sovereign and his beloved 
 brother, Chriftierne the Fourth, King of Denmarke." 
 They marched on in this order till they came to Cheap- 
 fide, " where flood the Companies of London in their 
 liverie gownes and hoodes ; for whom there were 
 places double rayled, which were hanged with blew 
 broad cloth, and the rayles garnifhed with auncyents 
 very richly guylt with the King's arms of England, 
 and the auncyents of filk of each Hall, with flreamers 
 and pendants of their armes and feveral fellowfhippes, 
 the better to be knowen, while the windowes and pent 
 houfes were richly decked with arrace and other coflly 
 hanginges." Of the pageants, that next the Grocers' 
 Hall is defcribed as being " made with greene boughs, 
 a very artificiall arbour e, which was garnyfhed with 
 all fortes of delightfuU fruites, and, in this arbour was 
 placed mofl fweete muficke, which greatlie delighted 
 the hearers, and, no doubt, pleafed his Majeflie. 
 
 " At Temple barre, his Majeflie and his brother 
 Kinge, giving many thankes to the Lord Mayor and 
 
THE CO MP ANT. 89 
 
 cityzens, for their great charge and paynes, delivered 
 the fword to the Lord Mayor, and rode on their way 
 to Somerfet Houfe ; the Mayor returning, was mette 
 by the SherifFes & Aldermen of the Cittie, who accom- 
 panied him to his houfe."' 
 
 The firfl: mention of the events which led to the '^^°9- 
 eftablifhment of what was termed the City of London's pany's 
 colony, or "plantation in the north of Ireland," occurs ^J^'^^ 
 in the records in July 1609 ; and as the Grocers' 
 Company became, in confequence of thofe events, 
 proprietors of an eftate in the province of Ulfter, a full 
 account of the circumftances connedted with it cannot 
 fail to prove interefting ; but as the detail is rather 
 long, and, if inferted here, would impede the progrefs 
 of my narrative, I have preferred drawing up a diftindl 
 notice of the Company's Irifli eftate, which will be 
 found in the Appendix. It is a curious document, 
 and will, I believe, afford a corredt idea of that in- 
 
 ' There are frequent allufions in the records to the pageants fur- 
 niflied and fet forth by this Company. Some on the occafion of Royal 
 vifits to the City ; others when the Lord Mayor for the year hap- 
 pened to be a member of the Company. Thefe performances, which 
 were generally of a dramatic caft, confifted of perfonifications of In- 
 duftry, Commerce, the City of London, the Thames, and beings of 
 the like kind, intermixed with gods and goddeffes, and feem to have 
 afforded great delight to the rude and uncultivated underftandings of 
 thofe for whofe entertainment they were intended. To illuftrate the 
 mode in which thefe matters were conduced by the Grocers' Com- 
 pany, I have extra£ted from the records the complete account of the 
 expenfes of the Triumphs, as they were termed, for one year. The 
 Reader will find it in the Appendix. The laft pageant furniflied by the 
 City was in 1707 ; and the office of City poet, whofe duty it was to 
 draw up the programmes, and to write the necefTary verfes, expired 
 with Elkanah Settle, the laft of the civic laureates. 
 
 N 
 
90 CO MP ANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 terefting and valuable portion of the Company's pof- 
 feflions. 
 1611. Queen Elizabeth had, on more than one occafion 
 Apparel. JJ^J-jJ,g j^gj- j-eign, Ordered the Lord Mayor to iffue 
 exhortations to the citizens, " to avoid the great exceffe 
 of apparell now of late ufed and crept in among, them, 
 willing and commanding them, at the fame time, cir- 
 cumfpedtly to look to the daunger of the eftatutes 
 thereof, made both in the raignes of King Henry VIII. 
 & of Phillip & Marie." James I., who loved minutije 
 and who evidently took an interefl in that which, to 
 ufe his own peculiar phrafeology, may be termed the 
 res vejliaria of his loyal Citizens, carried the matter 
 farther ; he entered into elaborate details of what 
 apprentices and maid fervants might be permitted to 
 wear and enumerated the articles of clothing and orna- 
 ment which they were to avoid, A precept to this 
 efFedt, which, by his order, was iffued by the Lord 
 Mayor to the Wardens of the Company in 1 6 1 1 , is 
 fo remarkable and gives fo curious a defcription of 
 the coftume of the time, that I cannot refrain from 
 inferting it. 
 
 In the precept, complaint is made of " the abufe 
 growing by exceffe and ftraunge fafhions of apparell, 
 ufed by manye apprentifes, and by the inordynate pryde 
 of mayde fervaunts and women fervauntes in their ex- 
 ceffe of apparell and follye in varietie of newe falhions ; 
 and to admonilh them to have a due and fpeciall care 
 to fee a fpedye reformacon had in everye one of their 
 fervaunts." The Company were called together and 
 the precept read, with " fundrye godly and charitable 
 exhortacons made by Mr. Warden Burrell to each, to 
 fee reformacon made in his owne familye according to 
 
THE COMPANT. 91 
 
 the meaninge of the fame. The adl of Common 
 Council, fubfequently promulgated, orders apprentices 
 to wear, during their period of fervitude, fuch apparel 
 only as fliould be provided by their mafters, or, if 
 provided by the friends, fuch only as {hould be fubjeft 
 to the mafters' appointment " for the ftuffe, fafhion, 
 and goodnefle" therein declared ; namely, none to wear 
 any hat lined, faced, or fluffed with velvet, filk, or 
 taffeta, but only the breadth of three inches in the 
 head ; nor any hat, other than fuch as the hat and 
 band, with the trimming, as fhall not exceed in all the 
 value of five fhillings. Not to wear in his band either 
 lawn or cambrick, but hoUand or other linen not ex- 
 ceeding five fhillings the ell, nor wear any lace, edge, 
 or other work about the fame band, but only a plain 
 hem and one ftitch : and if any apprentice fhall wear 
 any ruff band, the fame not to exceed three inches in 
 length before it be gathered and fet into the ftock, and 
 not to be more than two inches in depth before the 
 fetting in of the fame into the ftock. No apprentice 
 to wear " any piccadilly or other fupport, in, with, or 
 about the collar of his doublett ; nor to weare about 
 his collar, eyther poynt, wellbone, or plaits, but the 
 collar to be made clofe and comely : nor wear any 
 breeches or doublett of any kind of filke, or ftuff 
 mingled with filk, but only of cloth, kerfey, fuftian, 
 fack-cloth, canvaffe, Englifh leather or Englifh ftuff, 
 which ftuff fhall not exceede 2s. 6d. a yard ; not to 
 wear in his cloak, coat, jerkin, doublett, or breeches, 
 any broade clothe above ioj. a yard, nor any kerfy 
 exceeding ^s. ; nor wear in the garnifhing, lining, 
 facing, fetting forth, or drawing out of his apparell 
 either velvet or any filk or ftuff, fave only filk buttons 
 
92 COMP^NT OF GROCERS. 
 
 and filk in the button holes to his coat or jerkin ; nor 
 any gloves above 12^. a pair, and thefe without any 
 fringe or garnifhing of gold or filver lace, velvet lace, 
 or filk lace, or ribbon. None to vv^ear any girdle, 
 point, garters, {hoeftrings of any kind of filk or ribbon, 
 nor any rofe or fuch like toys at all, either on his 
 garters or on his {hoes, nor any filk, w^orfted, or kerfey 
 ftockings, but ftockings only of woollen yarn or ker- 
 fey ; nor Spanifh fhoes, nor fhoes made with Polonia 
 heels, nor of any other leather than neats leather or 
 calves leather ; nor wear his hair with any tuft or 
 lock, but cut fhort in decent and comely manner." 
 Breach of thefe regulations was to fubjedt the appren- 
 tice to imprifonment in "Little Eafe"^ for eighteen 
 hours. The like confinement was to be impofed on 
 any apprentice who fhould be found in any " dauncing 
 fchole or of fence, or learn or ufe dancing or mafking, 
 or fhould ufe dicing or any other play, or haunt any 
 tennis court, common bowling-alley, cock fighting or 
 brothel houfes ; or which fhould, without his mafler's 
 knowledge, have any chefl, prefs, trunk, delk, or other 
 place, to lay up or keep any apparel or goods only in 
 his mafler's houfe, or with his mafter's licence ; or 
 fhould keep any horfe, gelding, or mare, dog, or bitch, 
 or fighting cock," 
 
 With regard to the maid-fervants and women- 
 fervants, it was ordained, 
 
 " That none fhould wear on her head any lawn, 
 cambrick, tiffany, velvet lawn, or white filk wires. 
 
 ^ Little Eafe was a place of confinement for unruly apprentices ; 
 it was fituated in the Guildhall, and is faid to have derived its name 
 from the circumftance of the culprit (hut up in it not being able to 
 fit, flrand, or lie down. 
 
THE CO MP J NT. 93 
 
 either in any kerchief, koyfe, creft cloth, or Ihaddow, 
 nor any linnen cloth therein, faving fuch linen cloth 
 only, as (hould not exceed p. the ell, nor any lace or 
 edging upon the fame or any part thereof: nor any 
 band, neckerchief, gorget, or ftomacher, but only plain ; 
 nor any ruff exceeding 4 yards in length before the 
 gathering or fetting in thereof, nor 3 inches in depth 
 within the fetting in thereof; nor any lawne, velvet, 
 tiffany, cobv^^eblavs^ne, nor v^^hite filk cipres at all, other 
 than about their neck or otherwife ; nor any linnen 
 cloth but of the price of ^s. the ell, or lace or edging 
 whatfoever, but plain hem and one ftitch ; nor any 
 ftomacher wrought with any gold, filver, or filk, or 
 with any kind of ftuff made of or mixed with filk ; 
 nor wear any gowne, kirtle, waiftecoat, or petticoat, 
 old or new, of any kind of filk ftuff or ftuffs mingled 
 with filk, nor other ftuff than of zs. 6d. a yard, nor 
 any kerfeymore than 3J-. a yard or broad cloth of lox. 
 the yard. Nor wear any filk lace or guard upon her 
 gown, kirtle, waiftcoat or petticoat, or any other gar- 
 ments, fafe only a cape of velvet ; nor any fardingal at 
 all, either little or great, nor any body or fleeves of wire, 
 whalebone or with any other ftiffing, faving canvafs or 
 buckram only :" the reftridlions as to fhoes, ftockings, 
 &c. are the fame as thofe of the apprentices. 
 
 Among the earlieft ordinances for the governance of 1616. 
 the Company, was one cited at page 46, which ren- g" ^^^^^ 
 dered it imperative on the brethren to attend at the bers' 
 funerals of any deceafed members of the Fraternity. 
 In 1 6 16 a wifh was expreffed by the Livery that the 
 fame refpedt ftiould be ftiown to the remains of their 
 wives and, accordingly, an order of the Court, dated 
 the nth September of that year, declares, "That 
 
94 CO MP ANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 feverall brothers of the clothinge being defyrous, on 
 their wyves' deceafle, to invite the ryght worftiippfuU 
 M.'^'^. Wardens and fuch brothers of the faid Liverie as 
 maye be willing to accompanie the corpfes of their 
 faid wyves, foe deceafling, to their funerall (as in other 
 like Companies of the Citty hath been and is accuf- 
 tomed), and this Court, holding it a commendable 
 work of charitie foe to doe," it was ordered that what- 
 ever brother fhould, on fuch occafions, give ^^6 .8.4. 
 " or any other benefytt or guyft to the value thereof, 
 fuch brother fhould have his wyve's funerall attended 
 to the church by the Wardens and fuch of the Liverie 
 as maye be willing upon fomons foe to doe." It may 
 not be irrelevant to ftate that, on thefe occafions, the 
 corpfe of the deceafed was previoufly removed to 
 Grocers' Hall and that the train proceeded, with great 
 ceremony, from thence to the church. When the 
 deceafed was a perfon of confideration, the proceed- 
 ings were directed by the Heralds of the College of 
 Arms, who, afterwards, made a formal regiftry of the 
 ceremony which was termed a " Funeral certificate." 
 Through the kindnefs of Sir C. G. Young, Garter 
 King at Arms, I have obtained a copy of one of thefe, 
 which I here infert as a matter of curiofity. 
 Funeral " Mr, William Penyfather, Efquier, citizen and 
 
 certificate, marchant of London, who had fyned for ShriefF and 
 Alderman of the faid Citty, departed this mortal life 
 on the firfl; day of May 1638 at his dw^elling houfe in 
 the parifh of Saint Martyns Orgars and his body was 
 worihipfuUy conveyed Jrom Grocers' Hall, with all 
 funeral rites, to the faid parifh church, and there in- 
 terred in a vault in the chauncel, on Thurfday the 
 xxiiii"^ of the fame month ; he married Margaret, the 
 
THE CO MP ANT. 95 
 
 daur of Reade, the relidt of William Atmore, of 
 
 London, by whom he left no yfTue. This certificate 
 was taken by me Thomas Thompfon, Lancajler He- 
 rauld, and is certified to be true by the fubfcription of 
 Thomas Large and Samuel Avary, executors of the 
 defun<3:. The officers of arms that diredled the fayd 
 funerall were Sir William Le Neve, Knight, Claren- 
 cieux, who appointed Robert Browne, Rouge Croix, to 
 wait in his ftead. George Manwairing, Richmond 
 Herauld, and Thomas Thompfon, Efquire, Lancajler 
 Herauld. Thomas Large, 
 
 Samuel Avary." 
 
 The office of Clerk to the Company, which was in- i6i6. 
 ftituted about the year 1 460 and to which the original ^^"^^ '^ 
 falary attached was ^6 ,13.4. per annum, had become. Company. 
 in 16 16 a defirable appointment; at leaft I conjecture 
 fo from the circumftance of the reverfion of it being 
 fought for by numerous fuitors. This circumftance 
 gave umbrage to the Court, "on the fuppofition made, 
 that the clerke nowe being fubjed; to much ficknefs, 
 intendeth to leave the fame place to fome others whom, 
 for meere affedtion or private proffytt to himfelf, he 
 ftiould procure to become fuitors for the fame place in 
 reverfion, to this Court, and thereby deprive this Court 
 of their future free eledlion of a fytt man, when the 
 place (hall become voyde." The clerk, Mr. John 
 Grove, denied, in refpedlful terms, that he had any 
 intention of interfering with the free choice of the 
 Company, but as he died in the month of December 
 in that year, the Court proceeded to eledl Mr. John 
 Bunbury, "one of the Atturneys of his Majeftie's 
 Courte of Common Pleas at Weftminfter," who, having 
 
96 COMPANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 given fecurity for ^500, was accordingly fworn into 
 the office. This is the firft inftance on record of a 
 lawyer being chofen to fill that fituation, which he was 
 to hold " for foe long a tyme as he fhall well and duly 
 behave himfelf in the execution thereof." 
 Anctnt ^ ought, perhaps, to have ftated at an earlier period, 
 privilege that by their Charters, the Corporation of "the Ward- 
 tion'a'nd" ^^s and Commonalty of the myftery of Grocers," in- 
 correaion eluded and had a control over, all druggifts, confec- 
 tioners, tobacconilts, and tobacco cutters, " as having 
 been branched out of and bred by Grocers," fays 
 Ravenhill, " there being then no Company of them, 
 or any of them." According to the privileges and 
 ancient ufages of this Company, the Wardens had the 
 power of entering the warehoufes and fhops of all 
 perfons who followed any of the above-mentioned 
 trades, for the purpofe of infpedting the articles they 
 dealt in, with a view to prevent adulteration and like- 
 wife of affaying their weights. There are frequent 
 entries in the records to fhew that they regularly 
 difcharged this part of their duty. In the Appendix 
 will be found one inflance of a fine of 6j-. 81^. levied in 
 1 456, on John Ayfhfelde, " for makynge of untrewe 
 powder gynger, cynamon, and faunders." It appears 
 that the fpurious material was always feized ; as, in 
 1 56 1, the books fhew that "bags and remnantes of 
 certeyne evil and naynte pepper" were ordered to be 
 conveyed over fea to be fold, but the duft of the " evil 
 pepper fyrnamed gynger " was to be burned. Thus 
 it appears that the Court, although they had " a 
 reverend care " of the health of their fellow citizens, 
 did not fcruple, on occafion, to poifon their continental 
 neighbours. 
 
THE COMPANT. 97 
 
 In 1562 the Court made an order that "grocerie 
 wares fhould not be fold in the flreetes, figges onlie 
 excepted ;" and that the Apothecaries, freemen of the 
 Company, fliould not ufe or exercife any drugs, fimple 
 or compound, " or any other kynde or fortes of Poti- 
 carie wares but fuch as fhallbe pure and perfyt good." 
 In 1 57 1 King, a brother of the Company, " and cer- 
 tein others, makers of comfytes, charged before the 
 Wardeyns for their mifdemeanours in minghnge ftarche 
 with the fuger, and fuch other thinges as be not tole- 
 rated nor fufFrid. And the faid Rauf King having now 
 in his place a goode quantitie of comfytes, made with 
 corfe ftufFe, and mingled as aforefaid with ftarche and 
 fuch like," it was ordered, that the comfits fhould be 
 put into a tub of water and fo confumed and poured 
 out ; " and that everie of the comfytt makers fhall be 
 made to enter into bondes in £^zo, that they fhall not 
 hereafter make any bifkitts but with clere fuger onlie, 
 nor make any comfytts that fhall be wrought upon 
 feeds or any other thinges, but with clere fuger onlie." 
 The Wardens and Court of Afliftants, by the Char- 
 ters before mentioned, pofTelTed the power of com- 
 mitting to prifon any individuals guilty of vending 
 damaged or adulterated goods which came within their 
 jurifdid:ion ; and accordingly, on the 7th February 
 16x6, we find that Michael Eafon, having been con- 
 vifted before the Court, he being an Apothecary and 
 brother of the Company, of felling " divers fortes of 
 defective Apothecarie wares, which, on triall, were 
 found to be defedtive, corrupt, and unwholefome for 
 man's body;" and it being further proved, "that he 
 had fould and uttered the like wares to Mr. Lownes, 
 the Prince his Highnefs's Apothecarie, and others; 
 
98 COMPANY OF GROCERS. 
 
 and he alfoe being found very unfitt in making of 
 compofitions and confeftions, and infufficient and un- 
 flcillfuU to deale therein, he is, by the Court, in con- 
 fideration of the great damage and danger which might 
 happen to the Companie bypermitting fuch enormities, 
 committed to the Poultrie Compter." There are re- 
 peated inftances of the Company proceeding to thefe 
 extremities, not only in cafes fimilar to thofe quoted, 
 but alfo in thofe of the non-payment of Livery and 
 other fines. In Oftober 1655, one Bellors v^^as com- 
 mitted to Newgate, for refufing, after being fummoned 
 before the Lord Mayor, to pay his Hvery fine of ^^30. 
 jg^^ I have now to advert to a circumftance which, in it- 
 
 King felf, is of httle importance, but which affords a ftriking 
 interfe- example of the undue interference of the Crown even 
 rencein j^ j-jjg private affairs of Corporate bodies, in the reign 
 tion of a of James L It is probable, that the King, in the main 
 *^°° ■ a kind and good-natured man, was in fome degree 
 compelled to aft as he did, in order to provide for his 
 numerous Courtiers and their importunate dependants.* 
 This evil increafed to an oppreffive degree in the fol- 
 lowing reign, and contributed greatly to augment the 
 feeling of difcontent on the part of the people againft 
 the government, which finally deflroyed the unhappy 
 Charles : it will be feen, in the fequel, that the Gro- 
 cers' Company were, on feveral occafions, expofed to 
 
 ^ " James, who, through his whole reign, was more guided by 
 temper and inclination than by the rules of political prudence, had 
 brought with him great numbers of his Scottifti courtiers, whofe 
 impatience and importunity were apt, in many particulars, to impofe 
 on the eafy nature of their mafter, and extort favours, of which it is 
 natural to imagine, his Englifli fubjeds would loudly complain." — 
 Hume's Hijiory of England^ vol. vi. 
 
THE COMPANT. 99 
 
 the effedis of it. I have already cited the inftance of 
 the King demanding a fupply of corn for his houfe- 
 hold ufe, from the Company's ftore; and in 1622, we 
 find him interfering in the eledtion of their fervants, in 
 a mode fo unjuftifiable as to eUcit great difcontent from 
 the members of the Court. By the records it appears, 
 that the office of cook to the Company became vacant 
 in December of the year above mentioned ; and as the 
 appointment was deemed to be of fome value, there 
 were no lefs than fix fuitors for it, all well recom- 
 mended.^ The interefl: of the whole Court appearing 
 to be veiled in two of the above individuals, it was 
 agreed, on a fhew of hands, that the other four candi- 
 dates fhould be withdrawn, as having no chance what- 
 ever. As part of the curiofity attached to the proceed- 
 ings confifl:s in the quaint language in which they are 
 narrated, I fhall extradl the greater part of them ver- 
 batim from the journals. 
 
 " This day fundry petitioners and furetys fued to this Court for to 
 bee cooke of this Company, being nowe voyd by the death of Arthur 
 HoUingworth,^ late cooke thereof; namely, William Norringroet, 
 
 ^ The emoluments and perquifites of the office of cook were con- 
 fjdered to be fo unreafonable, that in July 1658 the Court fixed a tariiF 
 of the fees to be allowed ; the note of them is as follows, viz. 
 For the commemoration and eledtion dinners, viz. for 
 
 dreffing each dinner, without any other allowance .^300 
 For aprons and drefler cloths for each dinner ..100 
 For the quarter dinner ; fordreffing each dinner, with- 
 out any other allowance 1168 
 
 For dreffing the accompt dinner, both days ...168 
 For dreffing every dinner for the Affiftants ...068 
 
 For dreffing every Stewards' dinner 168 
 
 And alfo, that the cook fliall have the benefit of all the dripping and 
 venifon bones and gubletts, without any other fees of the meat. 
 « Hollingworth was evidently a great artift in his day, for Robert 
 
loo COMPANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 nowe cooke to the Right Honourable the Lord Mayor, and by his 
 Lordfliipp commended to this Court to be both very fufficient in his 
 profeflion, and of an honeft & civil behaviour in his courfe of life, 
 requeftinge the whole Court, for his fake, to take confideration of his 
 
 fuyte. 
 
 " The fecond, Francis Afton, nowe cooke to the right worfhippfuU 
 Sir Humphrey Handford, Kt. one of the SherifFes of this Cittye, in 
 whofe behalfe the right honourable Sir George Calvert, principal Secre- 
 tarie to the King's moft excellent Ma«% did write a letter by appoint- 
 ment and commande from his M""^ as followeth, 
 
 " To my very lovinge frends, the Mailer, Wardens, and Affiftants 
 of the Company of Grocers of the Cittye of London. 
 
 " After my very heartye comendacons ; I have received a coiiiand- 
 ment from his Ma"'= to recoinend unto you earneftly and efFedlually, 
 in his name, one Francis A61:on to be the cooke of yo"^ Company, a 
 very honeft man, Angularly (killfuU in his profeflion and foe knowne 
 unto his Ma"" as having ferved the late Queen Anne of happy memory 
 for divers yeares, and by that meanes hath beene oftentymes ymployed 
 in his Ma'"'* owne fervice; I cann aflure you that his Ma"' will take yt 
 in very gracious parte the favour that you prefer this man uppon his 
 xecommendacion and will expe£t from mee an accompt of the fuccefle, 
 which I wifli with all my heart to be fuch as may give his Ma''^ con- 
 tentment and that he may acknowledge yt unto you with his Princelye 
 thanks, as I doubt not but he will, and foe I bidd you heartilye fFare- 
 well; 
 
 " your verie lovinge friend, 
 
 " George Calvert. 
 " Ffrom my houfe in St. Martyn's Lane. 
 12 December, 1622." 
 
 After the above letter and the teftimonials of Nor- 
 ringroet had been read, the two candidates were " put 
 in election for the fayde place, whereupon it was agreed 
 by the Court to trie the fayde eledtion by the ballotynge 
 box ; which being tryed, the fayde Francis Adon had 
 19 balls and the fayde William Norringroet 14 in there 
 boxes, 2 balls were found to be in the utter box, and 
 
 May, in his book, " The Accomplifht Cook, 1665," calls him "one 
 of the ableft workmen in London, cook to the Grocers' Hall and Star 
 Chamber." 
 
THE CO MP ANT. loi 
 
 one loft in puttinge into the box, by reafon that fome 
 of the affiftants, as it was affyrmed, being not acquainted 
 with the fayd kind of eledtion, were miftaken in put- 
 tinge there balls into the boxe, and thereuppon a tryal 
 was made the fecond tyme by the ballottynge box & 
 then Norringroet had in his boxe 19 balls and Adton 
 1 8, which being examined by the Court howe the fame 
 came to paffe, feeing that there were but 35 perfonnes 
 in Court, and thereupon it was found that the Lord 
 Mayor and Mr. Warden Wynch had putt into the 
 boxe, each of them, two balls which was by the Court 
 adjudged not fittinge nor ufuall and therefore this tryal 
 of no force, for that there can be in a Court but one 
 cafting voyce or ball and that in cafe of a difference 
 when the perfons in choice are even, accordinge to an 
 order here made the 25th day of Januarie, a.d. 1607, 
 and thereupon Mr. Warden Wynch yeelded that the 
 Lord Mayor fhould have the caftinge voyce or ball ; 
 and then yt pleafed the right worftiippfull Sir Thomas 
 Middleton, to avoyde all miftakinges in the fayd choice, 
 to propound to the Court that there might be a tryall 
 by fcrutinie, that is, the fuytors names to be written 
 and everie Afliftant to give his fcore to him that he 
 would have cooke, which was well approved by the 
 Court and done accordinglie and upon the fayd tryall, 
 the fayd Francis Adlon had 1 8 perfons and William 
 Norringroet 17, which togeather with my Lord 
 Mayor's caftinge ftroke made up 18, whereuppon the 
 Court, being all this tyme unrefolved of the fayd elec- 
 tion, deferred the fame till another court." How a 
 " caftinge ftroke" was neceflary where the numbers 
 were not equal, is not explained, but, in order to fhew 
 the iflue of this juggling tranfaftion, it is neceffary to 
 
102 COMPANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 ftate, that, a few days after the attempted eledlion, Sir 
 George Calvert fent for the Mafter and Wardens " to 
 come to fpeake with him." They accordingly went 
 up and Sir George demanded of them why they had 
 not returned an anfwer to the King's letter, particularly, 
 as the choice, as he had been informed, had fallen upon 
 the King's candidate ? They replied that the eledlion 
 was doubtful ; but he, taking them roundly to tafk and 
 not " beinge fattisfied with the fayde anfwer, requyred 
 a further and fpeedie anfwere concerning the King's 
 requefte." Upon which a Court of Afliftants was 
 immediately fummoned, and, after grave and folemn 
 deliberation, it was agreed that Francis Afton was, in 
 truth, the fuccefsful candidate, and he was, accordingly, 
 eledled cook to the Company ! 
 
 This tranfadlion does not redound to the credit of any 
 of the parties concerned and fcarcely merits, from its 
 infignificance, the fpace which has been devoted to it, 
 nor ftiould I have adverted to it at all but in illuftration 
 of the temper of thofe times, in which the liberty of 
 the fubjedt was regarded fomewhat unceremonioufly. 
 1626. Hume flates that at the end of the year 1626, "an 
 
 Loan to , . 
 
 Charles I- aft of Council was paffed, importing, that as the ur- 
 gency of affairs admitted not the way of Parliament, 
 the moft fpeedy, equal, and convenient method of fup- 
 ply was by a general loan from the fubjed: according 
 as every man was afTefled in the rolls of the laft fubfidy. 
 That precife fum was required which each would have 
 paid, had the vote of four fubfidies paiTed into a law : 
 but care was taken to inform the people that the fums 
 exafted were not to be called fubfidies but loans" ' 
 
 ' Hiftory of England, vol. vi. 
 
THE COMPANT. 103 
 
 The above was one of thofe ill-judged ftretches of pre- 
 rogative which Charles I. fo frequently committed, and 
 which, in the end, fanned the embers of civil war into 
 a flame. In confequence of the above adl of Council, 
 the City of London was ordered to raife ^ 1 20,000 for 
 the King's fervice ; it was levied upon the Companies 
 on the fame principles as the corn rate, and the propor- 
 tion of the Grocers was ^^6000, for which, however, 
 fecurity was demanded and given; the Mayor's precept 
 ftates that the money was to be paid " after his Majeftie 
 and the Lords and others of his Highnefs moft honour- 
 able Privie Counfell fhall figne the articles of agreement 
 betweene his Highnefs and the Citty touchinge the 
 afliirance of hisMajeftie's lands to be abfolutely conveyed 
 in fee farme to this Cittie after the rate of xxviii years 
 purchafs, for and in fatisfaftion as well of the fayd cxx 
 thoufand pounds as of the Cittie's former debt." Half 
 the amount was to be paid in ten days from the 20th 
 December 1 627 and the remainder in fix months. The 
 fecurity given for this loan proved to be available, as it 
 appears by an entry dated the loth March 1630, that 
 the Wardens " made reporte unto this Court that they 
 have received out of the Chamber of London" _^6ooo, 
 and £js^ f°^ intereft, lefs a fum of ^430 due by the 
 Company to the City, for what was termed " pageant 
 money." Whether the funds were produced by the 
 fale of the King's lands does not appear, as there is no 
 other mention of the fadt than that the money came 
 from the chamber of London. As the times became 
 more ftormy and as the public troubles increafed, other 
 loans were raifed or rather enforced, but no folid fecu- 
 rities being given, the Grocers' Company fuffered in- 
 convenience and diftrefs, from the efFeds of which 
 
I04 
 
 COMPANY OF GROCERS. 
 
 1628. 
 
 Unconflii- 
 tational 
 interfe- 
 rence of 
 the King 
 in the 
 Com- 
 pany's 
 affairs. 
 
 they did not recover for more than a century, as will 
 be feen in the fequel. 
 
 If James I. aded unjuftifiably in interfering, as it 
 has been already fhewn he did, in the election of the 
 Company's fervants, his fon Charles went further, by 
 attempting to influence the difpofal of their property 
 and church patronage. An attendant of the King's, 
 Sir Peter Saltonftall by name, held an unexpired leafe 
 of certain premifes in Mincing-lane belonging to the 
 Company and, being anxious to fecure an extenfion of 
 his term, at the fame rent, he induced his Majefty to 
 apply to the Court of Affiftants in his favour. Accord- 
 ingly, on the 27th of June 1 628, the Wardens received 
 the following letter from the King : — 
 
 " To our truftie and well-beloved the Aldermen and Wardens 
 of the Companie and mifterie of Grocerie in our Citty of 
 London, and to every of them. 
 
 Charles R. 
 " Truftie and well-beloved ; Whereas we are informed, that your 
 predeceflbrs the Wardens of the mifterie of Grocerie, did, about 
 three-fcore yeares fince, graunt unto Ferdinando Poyntz, gent", a 
 certaine mefluage with fome other fmall tenements lyinge in Minfmge 
 Lane, London, for the tearme of 70 yeares att the rent of ^^20 per 
 annum, in buildinge whereof and the grounds therein leafed, the fayd 
 Poyntz beftowed very great fomes of money, and then affigned over 
 his tearme in the premifes (the buildinge not fullie finiftied) for a 
 valluable confideration unto Sir Richard Saltonftall, knight, deceafled, 
 whoe likewife in his lyfe tyme was att great charge in the finifhinge 
 thereof, and fince the fame is come to Sir Peter Saltonftall, kt. our 
 fervaunte, his fonne, whoe hath bene att greate charge and muft be att 
 a greate deale more in the repare of itt and, as wee are informed, is a 
 fuitor unto you to inlarge the remainder of his tearme in the premifes 
 to 31 yeares, under the fame rente as is nowe referved ; which requeft 
 of his, wee, conceivinge to be verie reafonahle^ have thought good, in our 
 efpeciall grace and favour to our fayde fervaunte, to recommend him 
 to you, that his tearme unexpired may be enlarged under the fame 
 rente as aforefayd, which favour done unto him, wee fhall take notice 
 
THE COMPANT. 105 
 
 of, and retayne in our princely remembrance, to recompenfe as occa- 
 fion fhall ferve. Given under our fignett, att our Pallace of Weft- 
 minfter, the five and tw^entyth day of June, in the fourth yeare of our 
 reigne." On the letter being read, the Court " entering into a deli- 
 berate confideration thereof, which may give all dutyfull and obedient 
 refpedt and performaunce to his Ma"''° requeft, as far as the orders 
 eftabliflied in this Companie for the renewal of leafes will permit," 
 
 it was agreed that the letter fhould be regiftered, and 
 when the old leafe was within two years of its expira- 
 tion, they would have efpecial regard to his Majefty's 
 requeft, and to Sir Peter's fuit. This was done, and 
 an addition to the term granted to him on the 12th 
 March 1630, on payment of a fmall fine. 
 
 Another inftance of oppreffive interference on the 1635. 
 part of the Crown took place in 16 "J c. On the 17th Two let- 
 
 ^ . . ^^^^ from 
 
 February the Wardens received the following com- King 
 munication from his Majefty :— ^''"''' ^' 
 
 "To our truftie and well-beloved the Mr. Wardens and Af- 
 flftants of the Companie of Grocers in London. 
 " Charles R. 
 " Truftie and well-beloved, wee greete you well ; Wee have re- 
 ceived verie good teftimonie of the learning and other abilities of 
 Aaron Wilfon, now incumbent of Saint Stephen's, in Walbrooke, and 
 therefore have thought fitt for his better incouragement to conferr 
 upon him the vicaridge of Plymouth in the countie of Devon ; and 
 becaufe the faid re£torie of St. Stephen's will thereby become voide, 
 wee doe therefore expeft, that when it fhall bee in your difpofall, you 
 forbeare to prefent any incumbent thereunto untill you know our 
 further pleafure, wee holding it reafonable, that wee having preferred 
 your clerke, you ftiould refpeft us foe farre as to leave the naming of 
 the fucceflbr to us. Given under our fignett, att our Palace of Weft- 
 minflrer, the 14th dale of Februarie, in the tenth yeare of our reigne." 
 
 On the above being read to the Court, it was deter- 
 mined that there fhould be no prefentation until the 
 reftory fhould become void. On the i oth of April, 
 a fecond letter was received from the King, couched 
 in the following terms : — 
 
io6 COMPANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 " To our truftie and well-beloved the Mr. Wardens and Af- 
 fiftants of the Companie of Grocers, of London. 
 " Charles R. 
 " Truftie and well-beloved, wee greete you well ; Whereas wee 
 were lately pleafed to direift a letter unto you, requiring you to forbear 
 to prefent any clerke to the reftorie of St. Stephen's in Walbrooke, 
 voide by the prefermentof Aaron Wilfon, late incumbent there, till wee 
 fhould nominate one to you for that purpofe, your conformitie whereto 
 is verie acceptable to us ; wee, taking fpeciall care that that place 
 fhould bee fupplied by a perfon of worth and abilities, are pleafed, by 
 thefe our letters, to nominate and recommend unto you Thomas 
 Howell, Dr. in divinitie and one of our chaplaines in ordinarie, requir- 
 ing you forthwith to prefent him to the faid reftorie of St. Stephen's in 
 Walbrooke, to be by him enjoyed, with all rights and profitts thereunto 
 belonging ; and thefe our letters fhall be your fufficient warrant and dif- 
 charge in this behalfe. Given under our fignett at our Palace of Weft- 
 minfter, the third day of Aprill, in the eleventh yeare of our reigne." 
 
 On receipt of the above letter, the Court fent for 
 Dr. Howell and inquired whether, if he were pre- 
 fented to the living according to the King's recom- 
 mendation, he would refide upon it ? He replied, that 
 having another living of greater value, near Guildford, 
 which he could not give up, he could only engage to 
 refide in London during the winter, but that he would 
 provide an able and learned man in his abfence. In 
 the meanwhile, the parifhioners of Saint Stephen's, as 
 was their cuftom when the redtory was vacant, me- 
 morialifed the Court on the fubjedt of their minifter, 
 tranfmitting to them the names of three individuals, 
 one of whom might be feledted to fill the vacancy. 
 One of thefe, a Mr. Saxby, and Dr. Howell, were 
 put in nomination, according to old cuftom ; and the 
 (hew of hands being in favour of Mr. Saxby, he was 
 declared duly eledted redor of Saint Stephen's, and his 
 prefentation accordingly fealed in Court.^ 
 
 ' I have already had occafion to allude to the Company as Impro- 
 
THE COMPANT. 107 
 
 On the 30th April " the Court was informed, that 
 the King's Majeftie is much difpleafed therewith, for 
 that Dr. Howell, his Ma''^'^ chaplaine, was not eledted 
 
 priators of the Redtory of St. Stephen's, Walbrook. They purchafed 
 the advowfon in 1502, as appears by the following entry in the ac- 
 counts of that period. 
 
 " 1502, Dec"^. Payde Maifter Verney for purchafyng the vowfon 
 of Saint Stepheyne's, and a tenemente to the fame 
 perteyninge, 325 marks, or . . . £,2,ib . 13 . 4" 
 
 The church was deftroyed by the great fire of London in 1666 and 
 when the City was rebuilt, the parifh of St. Benet or Benedifl: Shere- 
 hog Pancras-lane, was united to that of Saint Stephen Walbrook ; and 
 it was arranged, in confequence, that the right of prefentation to the 
 Re£lory Ihould reft alternately with the Crown and the Grocers' 
 Company. As I have alluded to the fa61: of the parifhioners petition- 
 ing the Court on occafions of a vacancy, I infert an application made 
 by them in February 1644. 
 
 " To the worfhippfuU the Aldermen, Wardens, and Affiftants 
 of the right worfhippfuU Company of Grocers. 
 
 " The humble petition of the churchwardens and parifhioners of 
 St. Stephen, Walbrook, fheweth, that whereas the redorie of the 
 church in St. Stephen's in Walbrook, whereof your Company are the 
 undoubted patrons, is now vacant and the parifliioners deftitute of a 
 paftor by the refignation of Mr. Thomas Warren, the late incumbent 
 prefented thereunto by this Court ; and, forafmuch as fome unhappy 
 differences have been heretofore amongft us in the faid parifh con- 
 cerning the miniflers and that we are now generally agreed in the 
 afFeftions towards Mr. Humphrey Chambers, a man of approved in- 
 tegrity and learning, and do defire unanimoufly to enjoy him for our 
 paftor in the faid church, to the end the faid differences may ceafe, 
 and amity and quietnefs may be fettled, your petitioners earneftly 
 defire your worfliips to confer your reftorie upon the aforefaid Mr. 
 Chambers, and to grant him a prefentation under the feale of your 
 Company. And your petitioners will acknowledge your favour with 
 refpeft to them, and pray. 
 
 Signed by " James Wheeler, ) churchwardens," 
 
 " John Berx, ) 
 
 And feveral other parifhioners. 
 
 The prayer of the petition was granted, and Mr. Chambers was 
 indudted. 
 
io8 COMPANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 and prefented to the redtorie of Saint Stephen's, accord- 
 ing to the direftion of his Highnefs' letter, recited in 
 the laft Court, and that Mr. Saxby was, by the fame 
 Court, eledted and prefented to the faid redtorie." Mr. 
 Saxby thereupon prefented himfelf, and, after thanking 
 the Court for their preference, informed them that he 
 had heard of the King's difpleafure, and not wifhing to 
 be the caufe of its continuance, freely tendered to the 
 Company the furrender of the living ; the Court ac- 
 cepted his refignation, and voted him a benevolence of 
 _^20. The Reftory being thus declared vacant. Dr. 
 How^ell w^as again fent for and became a fuitor to be 
 admitted " by the Company's right." The Court, 
 after deliberately adviiing, declared the reverend gen- 
 tleman eledted parfon of the vacant red:ory, " by the 
 Jree and unanimous confent of the v^hole Court !" 
 We may fairly fay, that the v^^hole of this tranfadion 
 affords a ftriking fpecimen of the unconftitutional 
 exercife of pow^er in the Crown at this period. 
 •639- King Charles made his laft attempt to levy that 
 money, odious impoft, the Ship-money, in the year 1639.* On 
 
 ' A few words refpefting this unpopular impoft may not be unac- 
 ceptable. King Charles I. in 1634, determined on fitting out a formi- 
 dable fleet and commanded the City of London to fend to Portfmouth, 
 at their fole charge, their quota of fliips, being feven in number, with 
 ordnance, tackle and ftores for twenty-fix weeks, for the following 
 year ; and fimilar commands were fent to the other fea-port towns 
 for their proportionate quota, viz. 
 
 One Ihip of 900 tons and 350 men. 
 
 One (hip of 800 tons and 260 men. 
 
 Four fhips of 500 tons and 200 men. 
 
 One fhip of 300 tons and 150 men. 
 This is properly the firft year of that King's fhip-money projeft, 
 which fo much contributed to his ruin. In 1635, the King, bent on 
 bringing the Dutch to acknowledge his fea dominion, had, befide other 
 
THE COMPANT. 109 
 
 the 1 8th of April a letter addreffed to the Wardens, 
 was received from the Lord Mayor, " for the loane of 
 ^100 from this Company for fix months, towards the 
 fetting forth and furnifhing of a ihipp." The propofal, 
 or rather the order, was as unpalatable to the Court 
 of Afliftants as to the reft of the nation and, confe- 
 quently, after the fubjedl had been gravely debated and 
 confidered, it was refolved, " that forafmuch as it ap- 
 pears that this Company is much indebted and hath 
 yearly payd the fhipp money and hath heretofore lent 
 feveral fums of money to this Citty for the like occa- 
 fions, which are not yet repayd, and for divers other 
 thinges, it is refolved and agreed by this Court not to 
 lend the faid money required by the faid letter, unleffe 
 fufficient fecurity be given for repayment thereof att 
 the end of fix months." This arbitrary mode of levy- 
 ing money by virtue of his fole prerogative and without 
 the confent of Parliament, haftened the crifis which, a 
 few years after, deprived of throne and of life a Monarch 
 who, though pofleffed of many and great virtues, was 
 ever eager to extend the power and influence of the 
 Crown beyond all Conftitutional bounds. 
 
 I have now to record the circumftance of the forced 1640. 
 loans to which I before alluded, and which, from the joans, 
 injuftice and bad faith committed towards the Grocers' 
 
 naval armaments, built the greateft fhip ofjyar that had ever been feen 
 in England before and gave it the fuperb name of the Royal Sovereign, 
 of 96 guns and 1 740 tons. To pay for this and to fit out a fuperior 
 fleet, he fent his fpecial warrant to his Chancellor Coventry for ifluing 
 writs to the Sheriffs of the feveral counties, for affefling and colIe£l- 
 ing money for fuppreffing of pirates, and for the guard of the feas. — 
 Anderfon on Commerce, vol. ii. ; M'-Pherfon's Annals of Commerce, vol. 
 ii. ; Rymer's Faedera, vol. xix. p. 658. 
 
no COMPANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 Company, not only involved them in trouble and ad- 
 verfity for a long period, but, at one time, threatened 
 to annihilate them altogether as a public body. In 
 July 1 640, Charles the Firfl: wrote a letter to the Lord 
 Mayor, demanding from the City a loan of ^200,000 ; 
 the occafion of it was this ; the dangerous fituation in 
 which the King found himfelf at this period, in confe- 
 quence of difputes with the Parliament and of the dif- 
 content manifefted by the Scots, induced him to grant 
 the latter a renewal of the Covenant. The Scottifh 
 Parliament, fully aware of the King's pofition, further 
 infifted on certain privileges neceffary, they faid, to 
 freedom of debate and required that the Eftates of the 
 Kingdom fhould be convened, at leaft, every three 
 years. On receiving thefe demands, Charles thought 
 he beheld a formed fcheme for undermining his Royal 
 authority and inilantly prepared to renew the war. 
 The Scots did not wait till the King fhould invade 
 Scotland, but boldly crolTed the Tweed and, entering 
 England, attacked a detachment of the royal army, at 
 Newburn, in Auguft 1640 and routed it. The King, 
 furprifed and alarmed at this defeat, retreated into 
 Yorkfhire and commenced a negotiation with his in- 
 furgent fubjeds. The Scots for fome time took up 
 their quarters in England, but, gratified at length with 
 a donation of three hundred thoufand pounds, given 
 under the delicate name of brotherly afliftance, they 
 retired homewards, and left the King and Parliament 
 to fettle their own affairs.^ It was to make up this 
 fum that the King borrowed of the City the money 
 I have mentioned. By the Lord Mayor's precept the 
 
 ^ Scott. Hiftory of Scotland, vol. i. 2d feries. 
 
THE COMPANT. iir 
 
 proportion of the Grocers was ^^4500, " to be by them 
 lent on the fecurity of the Government ;" and it was 
 accordingly paid. 
 
 On the 7th of June 1642, a meffage from the Lords ,642. 
 and Commons was read, thanking the Citizens for Loan to 
 former loans and afking the Companies for a further liament. 
 fupply of one hundred thoufand pounds, for one year, 
 at eight per cent, per annum, and the intereft to be 
 regularly paid into the Chamber of the City. The 
 melTage was figned " J. Browne, Clerke of Parlia- 
 ment." The motive given for this loan was the relief 
 and prefervation of Ireland, where an infurreftion had 
 broken out, headed by Roger More and Sir Phelim 
 O'Neale ; but there is abundant reafon to believe that 
 the money was intended to ftrengthen the Parliament 
 party againft the King.' The Grocers were, on this 
 occafion, alTefTed in the enormous fum of ^^9000, and 
 I cannot difcover the reafon why their proportion was 
 fo exceffive. The application was confidered, and, as 
 may naturally be expedted, the Court determined that 
 the money fhould be raifed on the Company's feal. 
 Each member was afked to infcribe in a book, opened 
 for the purpofe, the fum which he was willing to lend 
 upon the fecurity of the Company ; and it was further 
 added, " that if, at the end, any damage enfue, each 
 member of the Company to be rated proportionably to 
 repay the fame." The whole amount was levied, and 
 it will be feen, prefently, how faith was obferved 
 towards the Company. At the expiration of 1643, 
 " feverall perfons, members of this Company, applied 
 
 ' "They levied money under pretence of the Irifli expedition, but 
 referved it for purpofes which concerned them more nearly." — Hume^ 
 vol. vi. 
 
112 COMPANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 to the Court for repayment of their portions of the 
 jTgooo, advanced for the benefit and the rehef of Ire- 
 land," whereupon the Wardens were ordered to take 
 up enough to pay them, under the feal of the Com- 
 pany, and " at as eafy a rate of intereft as they can." 
 '643- To (hew the efforts which the Company made to 
 Compa- meet the calls thus made upon them, I will cite an 
 
 ny's plate. ^^^^^ ^f^j^^ q^^j.^. ^f ^j^g gjj^ ]yj^y j^^^^ which dircfts, 
 
 " that part of this Companie's plate, not exceeding the 
 
 value of one thoufand pounds, fhall be taken out of the 
 
 treafurie and fold to the beft advantage for payment 
 
 of debts, and other neceffary charges and affairs of this 
 
 Company ; and it is agreed that when the troubles of 
 
 this kingdom fhall be compofed and this Company's 
 
 flock returned, the fayd plate fhall be repayred and 
 
 made good, to remain for a memorial in this Hall, 
 
 according to the gift and intent of the donors." 
 
 TheCom- The troubles of the time, alfo, caufed the following 
 
 arms bor- letter to be Written, at the fame period, by the Lord 
 
 rowed by Mayor : — 
 
 the City. •' 
 
 " To his loving friends, the Mafters and Wardens of the Company 
 of Grocers. 
 
 " After my hearty commendations ; according to an Acl of Com- 
 mon Council, this day holden, for the better forming a fafety of this 
 Cittie, in this time of eminent danger, I am to defire you forthwith to 
 fend for the arming of auxilliary forces rayfed by the Cittie, all the 
 armes of your Company, which, by promifed engagement of the Com- 
 mon Council, fliall fafely, in the fame condition, be reftored unto you, 
 or others of the fame goodnefs, and the full value thereof in money ; 
 and Cap". Hooker, Sargeant Major Turner, Cap"- Player, Cap", Tib- 
 bom, Cap". Frans. Rowe, Cap". Hunt, and Cap". Thomfon, or any 
 two of them, are appoynted by Common Council to joyne with fuch 
 as you fhall afligne for the valuing of the faid armes, to receive the 
 fame by inventory, for the purpofe aforefaid ; and, therefore, in regard 
 of the prefent want and neceflity of the faid armes, I pray you to ex- 
 pedite the bufinefs, and caufe the faid armes to be forthwith delivered 
 
THE COMPANY. 113 
 
 unto the aforefaid parties. Thus, not doubting of your conformity 
 and readinefs herein ; I reft, 
 
 Your loving friend, 
 
 IsAACK Pennington, Mayor." 
 
 This was received at the time that the Civil war was 
 raging in the neighbourhood of Briftol and when 
 apprehenfions were entertained for the fafety of the 
 City of London ; ' and fo deeply were they imprefled 
 on men's minds, that all bufinefs and pleafure were 
 fufpended, as appears by the following notice of the 
 month of June 1643 ; " This Court, entering into a 
 fad and ferious confideration of the miferable diftrac- 
 tions and calamities of this kingdom, threatning the 
 ruin thereof by ficknefs and famine, the certain attend- 
 ants of an unnatural and bloody warre which now 
 reigneth in this kingdom, agree and order that the 
 eledtion feaft fhall be omitted." 
 
 The lall; drain upon the Company's refources and 
 credit was made towards the end of 1643 by the City 
 itfelf On the 22d Auguft of that year, the Lord 
 Mayor addreffed a letter to the Wardens, ftating, " that 
 a fum of ^(^50,000 is neceffary for the defence of the 
 City in thefe dangerous times, as the parliament forces 
 are approaching," and requiring that ^4500, the ufual 
 proportion, fhould be advanced by the Grocers' Com- 
 pany, for which they were to have intereft at eight per 
 cent, per annum, and the fecurity of the City-feal and 
 
 ' The King's party, after the taking of Briftol, " propofed, and 
 feemingly with reafon, to march diredlly to London ; where every thing 
 was in confufion ; where the army of the Parliament was baffled, 
 weakened, and difmayed ; and where, it was hoped, either by an in- 
 furreftion of the citizens, by victory, or by treaty, a fpeedy end might 
 be put to the civil diforders." — Hume, Hiji, of England, vol. vi. 
 
114 COMPANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 the Excife-office. ' As any attempt to refift this order, 
 would, under fuch circumftances, have been ufelefs, the 
 Wardens were direfted to endeavour to levy the fum 
 under the feal of the Company and to proceed, befides, 
 to the fale " of all this Company's plate (fave the value 
 of j^300 for neceflary ufe and ferviee), towards the fum 
 of _^45oo, agreed and ordered by this Court to be lent 
 to the Cittie : it is, moreover, ordered, that a regifter 
 of the fame (hall be kept and the donors' names ; and 
 that the fame fhall be replaced, upon the peace of this 
 country being reftored." Thefe repeated fales will give 
 the Reader fome idea of the large ftock of plate pof- 
 feffed by this Company in ancient times : there are 
 frequent entries in the books to fhew that the mem- 
 bers either prefented fome article of filver to the Com- 
 pany as a memorial, or bequeathed one in their wills. 
 I have preferved a lift of fome of the more ancient con- 
 tributions of this defcription, which will be found in 
 the Appendix. 
 1645. I have already quoted feveral inftances of the arbi- 
 mittee of trary interference of the Crown in the affairs of this 
 
 Safety. 
 
 ' " The Commons ordered the Lord Mayor to fummon a Common 
 Council, to meet the Monday after ; whither a Committee repaired, to 
 defire the citizens to advance the money required ; and, as fecurity for 
 the repayment of the fame, propofed the duty of excife and Bifliop's 
 lands." — Mattland's Hijiory of London, voli. 
 
 Befides the loans, there were other calls made on the Company for 
 occaflonal contributions at this time, ^^30 per week was demanded by 
 the Parliament towards the payment of their troops ; j^'6 was levied as 
 the Company's proportion, " for the coft of chains and engines made 
 and employed about the City for the defence thereof;" and ;^8 for the 
 relief of maimed and wounded foldiers. All this occurred in 1643. 
 I ought to ftate, that;^i5oo, or one-third of the above amount, was 
 repaid" out of the Excife-office," in Auguft, 1644, but another fum of 
 ;^500 was borrowed by the Parliament on the fame fecurity, in 1645. 
 
THE COMPANT. 115 
 
 Company : I fhall now mention a fad: to demonftrate 
 that thofe pure reformers of ftate abufes, the Committee 
 of Safety,^ went confiderably further, in this particular> 
 than either King James or King Charles. This Com- 
 mittee, fitting at Haberdafliers' Hall in June 1 645, fent 
 for the Wardens and informed them that they had 
 learned the Company were indebted in the fum of 
 five hundred pounds, upon bond, to one Richard 
 Greenough; who, as they alleged, was found to be 
 a delinquent to the Parliament ; and they, thereupon, 
 i-equired a fpeedy payment of the fame to them. The 
 Wardens were, naturally, ftartled at this propofition 
 and defired time to take the advice of the Court ; they 
 were told to return, on the Friday following, with a 
 definitive anfwer. It being afcertained, on difcuflion, 
 that the demand was peremptory, and, if not confented 
 to, might entail unpleafant confequences on the Com- 
 pany,, it was ordered that the Wardens fliould borrow 
 the fum required upon the Company's feal and retire 
 the bond ; which was accordingly done. 
 
 The fame Committee, in May 1646, fummoned the '^4^- 
 Wardens "to anfwer the complaint of Bartholomew 
 Edwards for his having been fufpended from a porter's 
 place in the weighing-houfe, on account of his relation 
 to that Committee and his employment in the Parlia- 
 ment fervice." The Wardens attended the call, and, 
 as they fucceeded in proving that the difmiflal of this 
 man hadarifen entirely from his own mifcondudt and 
 from no other caufe, the matter was abandoned, but not 
 without a ftrong recommendation, from the Committee 
 of Safety, that he fliould be again received into the 
 
 1 See p. I S. 
 
Colwall- 
 School 
 
 ii6 COMPANT OF GROCERS 
 
 Company's fervice on performance of his duty to them, 
 and " that he might not fare the worfe for his relation 
 to that Committee." The Court of Affiftants acco rd 
 ingly called Edwards before them, and " lovingly admo- 
 nifhed him to fubmit himfelf to the orders and rules of 
 the Court, which he obftinately and contemptuoufly re- 
 fufing, he was excluded, expulfed, and difcharged." 
 
 16; I. The Company, about this time, were compelled to 
 fufpend Mr. H. Walwyn, the mafter of their fchool at 
 Colwall,^ " on account of his imprifonment on a charge 
 of a fuppofed difaffedtion to the prefent government ; " 
 but they contrived, in July 1651, to reftore him to his 
 place, in confequence of a certificate of good condudl 
 from the minifter and inhabitants, which, as it alludes 
 to " a former diftemper of his brain," procured his 
 acquittal and liberation. 
 
 1652. A fpecial committee, entitled " the Committee of 
 Corporations," was appointed by the Parliament in 
 Corpora- 1652. I cannot precifely afcertain the objeft of this 
 appointment, but I imagine they were inftruded to 
 afcertain the validity of the charters of the different 
 Corporate bodies exifting ; as I find that, on the ift 
 December 1652, the Company's charter was called for 
 by them. The Wardens were diredted by the Court 
 to proceed with caution, to take the original and a copy 
 with them, and to endeavour to leave the latter, but 
 " not the originall unlefs peremptorily required." A 
 
 ^ " Humphry Walwyn by his will, loth December 1612, gave to 
 the Company and their fucceflbrs the rent of two houfes to be pur- 
 chafed with jr6ooby his executors ; therents to be applied, inter alia, 
 to the maintenance of a free-fchool at Colwall, in the county of Here- 
 ford, the mafter whereof to be ele£led and removed by the Company." 
 — The Company's Regijier of Grants, 
 
 Com 
 mittee of 
 
THE CO MP ANT. 117 
 
 propofal for confirming and renewing the charter ap- Crom- 
 pears to have followed this interview ; for, on the 1 5th chaner. 
 of the fame month it was ordered that " the bufinefs 
 concerning the renewing of this Company's charter to 
 be left entirely to the difcretion of the Wardens, to 
 propound fuch alterations and additions therein, for 
 the further privilege and advantage of this Company 
 if they fhall fee caufe." Cromwell, who afTumed the 
 Protectorate in 1653, is flated to have granted the 
 Company the Charter by which they were em- 
 powered to make bye-laws for their government in 
 future ; and, among other privileges, it conferred on 
 them the power of levying a fine of ^30 on every 
 member on his admiffion. 
 
 The Grocers' Company took a confpicuous part in 1660. 
 the rejoicings and feftivities with which was celebrated ^^'^o"' 
 the reftoration of Charles II. The Lord Mayor of 
 London, Thomas Alleyn, who was a member of the 
 Company, went forth with a fplendid train to meet his 
 Majefty on his entrance into London on the 29th of 
 May 1660, on which occafion he received the honour 
 of knighthood at the King's hand.^ In the month of 
 June, the City refolving to give a magnificent enter- 
 tainment to his Majefty and his Royal Brothers, a fum 
 of three thoufand pounds was levied upon the Com- 
 panies towards defraying the expenfe, as appears by a 
 precept addreffed to the Wardens by the Lord Mayor, 
 demanding ^^270 as the proportion of this Company 
 " towards the charge of entertaining his Ma*'% the 
 Dukes of York and Gloucefter, the two Houfes of 
 
 * For the details of this ceremony, fee the Biographical Sketch of 
 Sir Thomas Alleyn at the end of the volume. 
 
Oaths of 
 
 ii8 COMPANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 Parliament and other perfons of quality." It fliould 
 be ftated that the City required this money only as a 
 loan, giving the fecurity of the City-feal, and paying 
 fix per cent, per annum for the ufe of it. 
 
 At this period, alfo, in confequence of a letter from 
 
 AFiegi-"" his Majefty, the Lord Mayor wrote to the Mafter and 
 
 Supre^-"'^ Wardens, requiring "that no perfon be permitted to 
 
 n^acy. be in any office or publick employment or councell in 
 
 the Company, but fuch as have or (hall take the oaths 
 
 of allegiance and fupremacy and bring certificate 
 
 thereof to be regiftered here." The above being read, 
 
 " it w^as declared by the Lord Mayor, prefent here in 
 
 Court, that the faid oaths had been adminiftered and 
 
 taken in Common Council, and that the fame ought 
 
 to be taken by the particular perfons then prefent," 
 
 which was accordingly done. 
 
 1660. I have hitherto omitted alluding to the mode in 
 
 arPefti.^ which the Company's feftivals were conduced. The 
 
 vais. cuftom of fele<3:ing two or three individuals from the 
 
 Livery to aft as ftewards for providing the dinners and 
 
 fuperintending the general arrangements, prevailed 
 
 from the firft eftablifhment of the fraternity to within 
 
 the laft century.^ The office was one of confiderable 
 
 refponfibility and fome expenfe, as appears from the 
 
 faft of a fine being levied on any individual wifliing to 
 
 be excufed from ferving ; the amount was varied from 
 
 ^ On great occafions, an additional number of perfons were named 
 to affift the ftewards, and their duties were pointed out to them, as 
 appears by the following entry in the year 1559. "Twelve of the 
 liverie appointed to be waiters at the enfuinge Lord Mayor's feaft, 
 whereof three to welcome guefts, two to ftand at the dreflers and fee 
 meat ferved in, two to receive in viftuals, two to provide plate for 
 the fame feaft, two to fee the Company ferved, and one to fee the 
 Hall garnifhed and the tables fet in order." 
 
THE COMPJNT. 119 
 
 jCio to >C30» according to circumftances. The Stew- 
 ards were held refponfible for the fitnefs as well as the 
 fufficiency of the provifions, as is manifeft from a com- 
 plaint inferted in the journals againft Meffrs. Randal, 
 Parris, and Hummerfton, Stewards for a dinner given 
 on the 5th of November 1660/ Complaint was made 
 of the " fcantinefs of the provifion, unfitting wine and 
 difrefpedlfull carriage, unbefeeming the due obferv- 
 ance and entertainment of the Company." A vote of 
 cenfure was pafTed by the Court and a fine ordered, 
 the amount of which was to be fixed by the Mafter 
 and Wardens. A few days afterwards one of the 
 Stewards^ Mr. Parris, " appeared in Court, to excufe 
 himfelf from any fhare in the late mifcarriage," and, 
 after pleading inexperience in fuch matters, charged 
 the faultinefs of the wine upon the abufe of the 
 vintner, whom Mr. Hummerfton had employed. The 
 plea was of no avail and, as the whole of the arrange- 
 ments appear to have given diflatisfaftion, he was 
 muldled as well as his colleagues. 
 
 The Citizens refolving to demonftrate their refpedl 1661. 
 and attachment to the King's perfon by a magnificent tion°of ' 
 difplay at the ceremony of the Coronation, pafled an Chariesii. 
 adt of Common Council empowering the Lord Mayor 
 to levy the fum of ^6000, " to be furnifhed by the 
 
 ' The anniverfary of the gunpowder-plot was regularly obferved 
 for many years and a feaft was given at Grocers' Hall ; this is (hewn 
 by the books under date of November, 1616. "Ordered that the 
 right worfhippfuU the Knights, Aldermen, Mafter, Wardens, Aflift- 
 ants, and Livery, do aiTemble on Monday, the 6th November, 1616, 
 at the Hall, whence they (hall repaire to Paulls, there to hear a fermon 
 and give thanks for the faiFe delivery of our deare Soveraign Lord 
 King James from the Powder Treafon." 
 
120 COMPANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 Companies of London, towards the charge of the in- 
 tended preparations by this City againft his Majefty's 
 coronation, lignified to be in April next," The pro- 
 portion of the Grocers was ;(C54°' which the Wardens 
 were diredted to raife on the fecurity of the Company's 
 feal. A further fum of £zyo, for the completion of 
 the fame objedt, was demanded of them in the month 
 of May, but it was refufed on the ground of inequality 
 in the proportion of rates charged this Company, when 
 others of greater revenue were affefled at lefs. Another 
 and more prefling motive for refufal arofe from the 
 embarrafTed ftate of the Company's finances, which, 
 from the ferious amount of moneys drained from them 
 by former loans and by their expenditure in Ireland, 
 gave the Wardens and Court of Affiftants great uneafi- 
 nefs. A Committee was appointed to fuperintend the 
 recovery of the debts due to the Company and to 
 devife the readieft and moft equitable mode of extri- 
 cating them from their difficulties. The labours of 
 this Committee produced no immediate refult, and 
 another for the fame objedt was appointed in 1663, 
 which recommended that the intereft on the fums 
 due fhould continue to be paid until the principal 
 could be redeemed by fines, to be levied on renewal 
 of the leafes which would fhortly fall in. How this 
 projedt was defeated will be feen in the fequel. 
 Sir John On the 2d Odtober 1661, Sir John Frederick, Lord 
 Frederick, jyiayor cleft, " movcd the Court, through Sir Thomas 
 AUeyn, to be received into this Society upon his 
 tranflation from the Company of Barber-Chirurgeons, 
 whereof he is a member ; and from which, by the 
 rules and cuftoms of the City, he muft remove into 
 one of the twelve great Companies, and that his Lord- 
 
THE COMPANY. 121 
 
 fhipp had expreffed a friendly afFedlion to this Company 
 upon the occafion of his motion."^ It was thereupon 
 agreed that the faid Sir John Frederick fhould be 
 admitted a member of the Company and of the Court, 
 and that " feme pubUck fhow of folemnity and tri- 
 umph, by pageantry, bachelors, gownfmen, and other 
 ornaments, bee provided at the charge of this Com- 
 pany, to be in readinefs againft the day of his Lord- 
 fhip." 
 
 Hume, in allufion to what wgs termed the Corpo- 1662. 
 ration Aft, fays, "During the violent and jealous ^^^P^^' 
 government of the Parliament and of the protestors, 
 all magiftrates, liable to fufpicion, had been expelled 
 the Corporation ; and none had been admitted, who 
 gave not proofs of affedtion to the ruling powers, or 
 who refufed to fubfcribe the covenant. To leave all 
 authority in fuch hands feemed dangerous ; and the 
 Parliament, therefore, empowered the King to appoint 
 Commiffioners for regulating the Corporations, and 
 expelling fuch magiftrates as either intruded themfelves 
 by violence, or profefTed principles dangerous to the 
 Conftitution, civil and ecclefiaftical."^ The Com- 
 
 ' Mr. Norton, in his valuable Commentaries on the Hijtory and Fran- 
 chifes of the City of London publiflied in 1829, has this paflage : — " It 
 even became a common impreflion, that the former [i.e. the Lord 
 Mayor) muft belong to one of the twelve great Companies, as they 
 are called; though it would be difficult to affign any ground for fuch 
 a dogma." He adds, in a note, " there is a precedent, however, of 
 the Lord Mayor being elefted from the Coopers' Company, which is 
 not one of the twelve chief companies, as early as 1742." It is clear, 
 from the fa£t I have adduced of Sir John Frederick's tranflation into 
 the Company of Grocers from that of the Barber-Chirurgeons, that 
 the cuftom was in vigour as late as 1661, although I can quote no 
 legal authority for it. 
 
 * Hiftory of England, vol. vii. 
 
 R 
 
122 COMPANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 miffioners above alluded to, in the exercife of their 
 fundtions, made a communication to the Grocers' Com- 
 pany, which is regiftered on the 13th December 1662, 
 in the following terms : — " This day, the Wardens 
 acquainted the Court that they had received an order 
 (fent unto them) from the Commiffioners for regulating 
 of Corporations, which was produced and read ; the 
 tenor whereof is as follows : 
 
 Luna v'lcefimo nono die Novemhris 1662 
 Anno Caroli Secundi Angl. Regis quarto decimo. 
 " At a meeting of his Majefty's Commiflioners, for & in the city of 
 London, authorifed by his Ma'^'' commiflion, under the great feal of 
 England, for putting in execution an aft of the prefent Parliamen t for 
 the well governing and regulating of Corporations ; 
 
 " Ordered, that Mr. John Owen, one of the late Wardens of the 
 Company of Grocers, Sir Stephen White, Richard Waring Efq. 
 Thomas Gower Efq. & Matthew Sheppard Efq. late Afliftants of the 
 faid Company, being lately difplaced by thefaid Company of and from 
 the faid places and all other places of truft or other employments re- 
 lating to or concerning the government of the City of London, fliall 
 not henceforth fit in the Court of Afliftants in any affairs of the fame 
 Company from time to come, and the Mafter and Wardens of this 
 Company are to fee this order accordingly performed. 
 
 William Avery." 
 
 The nature of the offence committed by the indi- 
 viduals named is not alluded to, but I take it for granted 
 that they were adherents of the Puritan party. On 
 perufing the above, there is no denying that, whatever 
 might have been the matter in queftion, politically, it 
 was rather a ftrong meafure that a Committee ap- 
 pointed to examine into and regulate the proceedings 
 of Corporations, fliould proceed in fo arbitrary a man- 
 ner to deprive members of the Company of their 
 ,663. privileges. 
 Aiihai- On the 29th December 1663, the Company pur- 
 
 Stlining. chafed the impropriation of the living of Allhallows 
 
THE CO MP ANT. 123 
 
 Staining in Mark-lane ; it was worth at that period 
 £,S5 P^^ annum, and they paid ,^650 for it.^ 
 
 On the 2d May 1664, the following notice was en- 1664. 
 tered on the books : — Druggifts. 
 
 " Divers members of this Company, trading in drugs, made requeft 
 and fuit for the countenance and protection of the Court in the 
 freedom of their trade, againft the invafion of the College of Phyfi- 
 cians, who, having lately obtained from his Majefty a patent, with 
 new and ftrange power and privilege of fearch, feizure, fine, and 
 imprifonment, were attempting the pafling of a bill in Parliament for 
 the ratification of the fame j which, if efFedted, will be an infup- 
 portable inconvenience and prejudice." 
 
 They prayed the aid of the Court, which was granted, 
 and a Committee appointed to confult and inftrud: 
 counfel to defend them before the Committee in Par- 
 liament ; it was likewife ordered the charges incurred 
 by the Druggifts, for the defence of their right againft 
 the Phyficians, ftiould be defrayed by the Grocers' 
 Company, 
 
 "A fum of two thoufand pounds was granted by 
 this Company as a loan to his Majefty for his prefent j,'ff '[^ 
 fupply ; the money was paid into the Chamber of Chariesii. 
 London and a receipt taken for the fame." This was 
 the Company's proportion of ^^200,000, lent by the 
 
 * " On the fouth fide of Langbourne Ward, and fomewhat within 
 Mart Lane, on the fouth fide thereof, is this parifh church of Allhal- 
 lows, commonly called Stane-Church, for a difference (as may be 
 fuppofed) from other churches of that name in the city, which of old 
 were built of timber, but fince were built of ftone, for Stan, in the 
 Saxon language, fignifieth a ftone. It is fubje£t to the Archdeacon, 
 fave only as to wills and adminiftrations, which belong to the Com- 
 miflary. This, of old, was a reftory, and in the patronage of the 
 De Walthams, and, after them, of William Hyneland, prieft, who 
 prefented to it in 1366." — Stowe's Survaie, p. 282. 
 Archid. Commijfar. Land. 
 Sion College, MS. 
 
124 COMPANY OF GROCERS. 
 
 City of London to his Majefty, to enable him to pro- 
 fecute the war with the Dutch. Such was the alacrity 
 difplayed on this occafion by the City, that the follow- 
 ing vote of thanks was palTed by Parliament : — 
 
 " Die Veneris, 25 Novem. 1644; Ordered, by the Lords Spiritual 
 and Temporal, and Commons in Parliament affembled, that the thanks 
 of both Houfes of Parliament be given unto the City of London for 
 their forwardnefs in affifting his Majefty ; and in particular by furnifh- 
 ing him with feveral great fums of money towards his preparations for 
 the honour, fafety and trade of this nation." * 
 
 1665. About the beginning of May 1665, one of themoft 
 pllgue of terrible plagues that ever infefted this, or perhaps any 
 London, other country, broke out in the City ; its ravages were 
 fo dreadful that, in the courfe of the year, nearly 
 90,000 perfons perifhed. The King's Court and the 
 Parliament removed from London to Oxford. All 
 bufinefs and pleafure were naturally fufpended, as ap- 
 pears by various notices in the books : on the i oth 
 July it is ftated that " the eledtion-feaft is to be for- 
 borne this year upon ferious confideration of the fadnefs 
 of the times and encreafe of this fore vilitation in the 
 City." Such was the diftrefs of the poorer claffes 
 that, for the relief of their preffing neceffities, the 
 Companies were affeffed for various fums of money, 
 and were bound, befides, to furnifh a certain quantity 
 of coals, of which the proportion of the Grocers was 
 675 chaldrons. 
 166;. At the commencement of 1665, the Citizens of 
 
 prefented^ London, to fhow their attachment to King Charles, 
 withaftip and to affift him in profecuting the war againft the 
 the City. Dutch, refolved to build a man of war at the City's 
 expenfe and to prefent it to his Majefty. This veflel, 
 
 * Maitland's Hiftory of London, vol. i. 
 
THE COMPANY. 125 
 
 named The Loyal London, was finifhed and fitted for 
 fea at the commencement of the following year, in 
 fufficient time to take a part in the Duke of Albemarle 
 and Prince Rupert's vidtory over De Ruyter and Van 
 Tromp.^ The Companies were aflefled by aft of 
 Common Council, and the amount demanded of the 
 Grocers was ^i^^io. This fum was levied on the 
 members in the following proportions : — The Alder- 
 "leii ;C9» the Affiftants ^7, and the Livery ^5 each ; 
 and it was ordered by the Court that, " if any refufe 
 the payment of their proportion, their names are to be 
 reported to the Lord Mayor, to be expofed to fuch 
 cenfure and courfe as fliall be taken with them for their 
 ill example and averfenefsto the public good." So much 
 for voluntary contributions at that period ! 
 
 This year one of the moft dreadful conflagrations 1666. 
 that ever happened in any age or country, broke out in ^ Ton-'^* 
 the City.* The fire commenced in Pudding-lane and ^°"- 
 extended its ravages from Tower-hill to the Temple ; 
 and Northward, as far as London-wall, deftroying in 
 its progrefs not only Grocers' Hall and the adjacent 
 offices, as I have already ftated,^ but the whole of the 
 Company's property and houfes, excepting a few fmall 
 tenements in Grub-ftreet.* The Court of Affiftants 
 afTembled at the Turret-houfe in the garden, the only 
 
 ' The Company gave a grand entertainment, in Auguft 1665, " for 
 the fuccefs of his Majefty's naval force againft the Dutch." 
 
 * For the particulars of this fire, fee the London Gazette, 10 Sept. 
 1666. 
 
 * See page 21. 
 
 * William Robinfon, by will, dated 9 Auguft 1 661, gave the Com- 
 pany all his tenements in Grub-ftreet, chargeable with feveral annual 
 payments, as detailed in the Report of the " Commiflioners for inquir- 
 ing concerning Charities," appointed by Parliament in 1818. 
 
126 COMPANY OF GROCERS. 
 
 place the fire had fpared, as foon as the panic caufed 
 by this dreadful vifitation had, in fome degree, fubfided, 
 and a committee was appointed to take into ferious 
 confideration the fituation of the Company, to devife 
 means of liquidating the debts and relieving its bur- 
 thens. As almoft every individual attached to the 
 Company had fuffered in the general calamity, the 
 firft meafure adopted v^^as " to fufpend the payment of 
 interefl on the Company's debts for the prefent," any 
 attempt to levy a perfonal contribution at this moment 
 being confidered fuperfluous.^ A fchedule of the 
 houfes and rents belonging to the Company, as they 
 exifted before the fire, was ordered to be prepared, 
 together with a note of the terms and periods of ex- 
 piration of the leafes. This was a matter of no diffi- 
 culty, for, as I have already ftated, the records and 
 papers were the only things appertaining to the Grocers' 
 Company which efcaped the all-devouring element; 
 Fire^^^' - '^^^ Committee continued its fittingsuntil Novem- 
 mittee. ber 1607, at which period they were reqiaefted to 
 confider the interefts of the Company's tenants, their 
 applications and ; defires refpefliing new leafes for the 
 houfes which had been deftroyed. They recommended, 
 in reply, that a petition fhoiild be prefented to Parlia- 
 
 ' " The fire laid wafte and confumed the buildings on 436 acres of 
 ground, 400 ftreets, lanes, &e,, 13,200 houfes, St. Paul's cathedral, 
 86 parifh churches, 6 chapels, Guildhall, the Roya,l Exchange, the 
 Cuftom-houfe, Blackwell-hall, divers hofpitals and libraries, 52 of the 
 companies' halls, 3 of the city gates, 4 ftone bridges, and the prifons of 
 Newgate, the Fleet, the Poultry, and Wood-ftreet compters. The 
 lofs of which, together with that of merchandize and houfehold fur- 
 niture, by the beft calculation, amounted to ;^io,730,500. Yet.not- 
 withftanding this terrible devaftation, only fix perfonslofl their lives." 
 MaitlantTs Hijiary of London^ vol. i. 
 
THE COMPANT. 127 
 
 ment " for an Adl to empower the raifing of money 
 upon the members of the Company for payment of 
 debts, as the readieft and fureft way of effedling the 
 fame," and that ^20,000 (hould be the amount to be 
 raifed for the purpofe. In the mean while every nerve 
 was ftrained to enable the Wardens to fuftain the credit 
 of the Company ; the filver in the Hall, which had 
 been melted by the fi re, was fold to meet the prefent 
 wants,^ an addition of ninety-four members was made 
 to the livery, and the refult was, that, in December 
 1668, the Wardens were enabled'to difcharge one-fixth 
 part of the debts. 
 
 A parlour and Court-room having been eredted at 1668. 
 the fole coft and charges of that zealous friend of the \l^l°^^ 
 Company, Sir John Cutler,^, the Company were once Co"rt- 
 more enabled to hold meetings in a place of their own ; built by 
 and, accordingly, as the fituation of their affairs became ^ }°^^ 
 more unpleafant, on account of the clamours of their 
 creditors, heightened and increafed, no doubt, by the 
 lofTes occafioned in the late conflagration, the recom- 
 mendation of the Committee was adopted, and a 
 general meeting of the whole Company held on the 
 12th of November 1669. As the proceedings of that 
 and of feveral fubfequent meetings on the fame fubjed: 
 are highly interefting, I have extradied them verbatim 
 from the books : — 
 
 " The occafion of the fummons and meeting being partially de- ef- 
 clared by Sir Richard Pigott, Warden, Sir William Hooker, and Mr. General 
 Sheriff Edwards, and the fad condition of the Company laid open, meeting 
 groaning under the great debts and engagements formerly incurred, °f 'he 
 and under continued clamours and reproaches for non-payment and fa- Company. 
 tisfa£tion, and inviting to a cheerful and ready afliftance for fupporting 
 
 ^ See page 22. ' See pages 24 and 25. 
 
128 COMPANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 the fociety and redeeming the honour and reputation of this great and, 
 formerly eminent Company, and it being by common confent and agree- 
 ment declared that the loan of the great part of the money (whereby 
 the Company became fo deeply involved) in former times, that if any 
 danger or lofs do fall upon this Company thereby, it {hould be equally 
 and contributorily borne and made good by the particular members of 
 the Corporation ; and the adlive inftruments and promoters of thefe 
 great engagements and loans being pafled away, and an aiEt of indem- 
 nity and oblivion fince granted and in force for the anions of thofe 
 times, there was no other way now left for the difcharging of the great 
 debt now run up, and amounting to j^24,000 at leaft, upon bonds and 
 interefl:,and redeeming the Company's honour and freedom from fuits, 
 feizures, and vexations, but by the helping hands of the prefent frater- 
 nity, in fome expedient way to be for that end advifedand concluded; 
 which being affented to by the brotherhood this day aflembled, it is by 
 unanimous confent, upon the queftion, agreed and thought fit that the 
 Company's debts be fatisfied, and the perfons now prefent do declare, 
 by the holding up of their hands, their willingnefs and concurrence 
 therein. Two ways being propofed by the affembly for railing of 
 moneys for that occafion, either by voluntary fubfcription and contri- 
 bution among the members of the Company, or by way of petition for 
 a parliamentary authority for an equal diftribution of the charge, if the 
 other be not likely to produce the expecSled efFeft. That time, oppor- 
 tunity, and advantages be not loft by too long protraction and delay ; 
 but, upon debate of the matter, it was moved and defired by divers of 
 the Livery and Generality, that a further day be given, and that thofe 
 abfent may not be concluded by the party now appearing, they being 
 inconfiderable to the reft, and moft of thofe that came upon the fum- 
 mons this day unwitting of the occafion, and had not time to confult 
 their own minds for fo ferious a work, and that the caufe of the fum- 
 mons may be exprefTed in the tickets. It is, therefore, agreed, for full 
 fatisfaftion to all defires, that fummons be again made out for affem- 
 bling the whole body of the Company on Wednefday, the 17th in- 
 ftant, at this Hall, at two of the clock in the afternoon, and the occafion 
 to be fet down for ra'iftng of moneys towards fatisfying the Company's 
 debts, the way and manner to be then refohedon : the perfons now pre- 
 fent promfing their readinefs of appearance at the next meeting." 
 
 Petition In purfuance of the above refolution, another general 
 meeting of the Company was held on the 1 7th No- 
 vember 1669, and, after a lengthened debate, it was 
 agreed to try the experimentiof a petition to Parliament, 
 
 to Parlia. 
 ment 
 
THE COMPANT. 129 
 
 the fuccefs of a voluntary contribution of the members 
 being defpaired of, in confequence of the failure of the 
 former attempt to raife money by fimilar means for 
 the rebuilding of the Hall. As the petition fully and 
 clearly fets forth the fituation of the Company at that 
 time and the caufes which led to it, a copy of it is here 
 given verbatim : — 
 
 " The form of the Petition agreed to be prefented to the Parliament. 
 To the Honourable the Knights, Citizens, and Burgefles, 
 
 aflembled in the Commons Houfe of Parliament. 
 The humble Petition of the Wardens, Affiftants, Livery, and 
 Commonalty of the Company of Grocers, of the City of 
 London, 
 Sheweth, 
 " That the petitioners, being an ancient Corporation, have in fe- 
 veral ages, by the charity of well-difpofed perfons, been entrufted with 
 divers lands, rents, and gifts, and, by means thereof, are charged with 
 the maintenance of and contribution to feveral hofpitals, alms-houfes, 
 fchools, provifions for minifters, exhibitions to poor fcholars in the 
 univerlities, and other good and charitable ufes. 
 
 " That, in the year 1642, when the kingdom of Ireland was greatly 
 diftrefled by the rebellion newly rifen there, this Company having then 
 a confiderable eftate, which is fince impaired by the late fire, did, upon 
 the credit of their common feal, borrow and advance the fum of;^9000 
 for the relief and defence of that his Majefty's kingdom, and have been 
 conftrained to borrow of others and to pay in the faid whole £()Cioo 
 principal, with the growing intereft thereof till fince the late fire, and 
 are in debt for the intereft fince then, being in all about 27 years, 
 being reimburfed no more than £64.5, whereby the faid Company is 
 become greatly indebted to feveral widows, orphans, and other per- 
 fons, divers of which will be inevitably ruined, if the Company be 
 not enabled to fatisfy them. 
 
 "That the Petitioners' eftate, confifting principally in houfes de- 
 ftroyed by the late dreadful fire, and they being now in no capacity to 
 raife money, either by making or enlarging of leafes or any other way, 
 and the now remaining part of their eftate not being fufEcient to defray 
 the ordinary charges of the faid Company, as by their books doth 
 appear, they are difabled, as a Corporation, to fatisfy their debts, or dif- 
 charge thofe many debts and trufts upon them which they are obliged 
 to ; that, at the time of the advancing of the faid fum of j^qooo, it was 
 
 S 
 
130 COMPANY OF GROCERS. 
 
 agreed, by the Afliftants, Livery, and Commonalty of the faid Com- 
 pany, then aflembled at a general meeting at Grocers' Hall, that if any 
 damage or lofs fliould happen to the Company by reafon of the faid 
 advantage, that every brother of the Company, of ability, (hould con- 
 tribute towards fatisfaftion thereof fuch rateable Ihare as, by the War- 
 dens and Afliftants of the faid Company for the time being, fliould be 
 affefled. 
 
 " May it, therefore, pleafe this Honourable Houfe to give leave for 
 a Bill to be brought in, whereby power may be given for and towards 
 the fatisfadtion of the debts of the faid Company, to raife the fum of 
 j^20,ooo, by an equal afleflment upon the feveral members of the faid 
 Company of ability, under fuch courfe for appeals and other provifion 
 for their juft proceedings, as in your wifdoms fliall feem meet. 
 
 "And your Petitioners, in duty bound, fhall ever pray." 
 
 1670. A fubfequent meeting was held at the Hall on the 
 nth of May 1670 and was attended by a very mode- 
 rate number of the Company. The application to 
 Parliament before alluded to, was, by Sir Richard 
 Pigott the Mafter declared to have failed ; and he 
 ftated the prefent affembling of the Brotherhood to be 
 with the intention of preferving the honour of the 
 Company, by an endeavour to raife money ' among 
 themfelves for the fatisfadlion of their debts. It, was 
 moved and refolved, that, in order to gain a better 
 attendance and appearance of the Livery, a dinner 
 fhould be made on the 30th of this month, for " the 
 more likely promoting the work in hand." 
 A com- The conlideration of this important queftion was, 
 mon hall, accordingly, refumed on the 30th of May and the 
 caufes of the Company's prefent diilrefs again detailed : 
 upon which " it was thought fit (no other expedient 
 being left) to fummon a Common-hall, that ah aflefT- 
 ment or fubfcription may be made by every brother of 
 the Company, towards the fatisfying of their juft debts 
 and engagements, to uphold the honor and preferve 
 the well-being of this great and ancient Company." 
 
THE COMPANY. 131 
 
 A refolution was then paiTed, that books fhould be 
 opened at the Hall to receive the names of the fub- 
 fcribers, that their contribution " fhall be paid upon 
 the terms, and in the manner following*, yearly ; that 
 is to fay, one-fifth part thereof every year, for five 
 years next enfuing; and that, unlefs the whole fum 
 of j^20,ooo be fubfcribed at or before the 28th of 
 November next 1670, every one that has fubfcribed 
 to be difcharged of his fubfcription ;" but if the 
 amount was by that time filled up, "then every 
 fubfcriber, his heirs, executors and adminiftrators, is 
 engaged to pay the fum refpedtively fubfcribed for the 
 purpofe aforefaid ;" and a Committee was appointed 
 to conduct the bufinefs. 
 
 The individual diftrefs inflidled on the members by 
 the fire of London, evidently abforbed all ideas of that 
 of the Company; for, on the 25th of November, the 
 amount fubfcribed was under ^6000.^ The Mailer 
 and Wardens, nothing difcouraged, propofed an addi- 
 tion to the number of the Committee, the members 
 of which undertook to make perfonal application to 
 the Livery and Commonalty and the next meeting 
 upon this fubjedt was poftponed until the midfummer 
 following. 
 
 In the meanwhile the fituation of the Company 1671. 
 became daily more embarraffing, on account of the dito^^'^^e. 
 increafing: clamour of the creditors. Some of them ""on '» 
 
 Parlia- 
 
 prefented a petition to Parliament in January 1671, ment. 
 
 ^ "The feveral members then at the helm, who (moft of them 
 greatly fuffered in their own private capacities) were feparated and fo 
 taken up with care of difpofing of themfelves and families, that very- 
 few could attend the afFairs of the Company." — Ravenhill, page 9. 
 
132 COMPANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 praying that an ad: might be paffed ** for the fale of 
 the Company's Hall, lands and eftate, for fatisfying 
 the debts owing;" to counteradt which the Court 
 publifhed what was termed the Company's vindication, 
 and circulated a thoufand copies of it ; while, in a 
 memorial to the Court of Aldermen, they prayed 
 for aid and affiftance, on the plea that the Company's 
 diftrefs arofe, in part, from the loans made to the 
 City. Threats of legal proceedings had been iflued 
 from various quarters : but the ftorm did not burft 
 until 1672. The Governors of Chrift's Hofpital were 
 the firft to enter the lifts, by ferving the Matter and 
 Wardens with a writ in Chancery for the payment of 
 Lady Conway's charity.^ This was followed by a fuit 
 urged in the fame Court by one Chomley ; others 
 by Cropley, Moore and by feveral of the parifhes 
 having claims upon the Company. The cataftrophe 
 feems to have been the feizure of the Hall, under 
 fequefter, by the Governors of Chrift's Hofpital and 
 the ejedtment of the Members, who were obliged to 
 hold their meetings at various places, as has been 
 already ftated.'^ 
 i673- A Committee, appointed to confider the beft mode 
 of extricating the Company from its difficulties, fub- 
 mitted the following propofals for relief, to be con- 
 fidered, viz. — 
 
 * Vifcountefs Conway left a fum of money to the Grocers' Com- 
 pany, upon truft, the intereft of which was to be applied to various 
 ufes, as fpecified in the report of the CommiiEoners for Inquiring into 
 Charities, and particularly the fum oi £20 to the Governors of Chrift's 
 Hofpital, for them to place out four poor children of freemen of the 
 City, from the faid hofpital. 
 
 ^ See page 27. 
 
THE COMPANT. 133 
 
 1 . An application to the Lord Mayor and Aldermen 
 for the money lent to the City. 
 
 2. The difpofal of the Irifli lands. 
 
 3. An admiffion of Members to the Livery. 
 
 4. Subfcriptions of the particular Members to be 
 vigoroufly preffed. 
 
 5. An addrefs to His Majefty for re-payment of the 
 money advanced on the fecurity of certain Lords. 
 
 The firft ftep taken, in confequence of the above 1674. 
 recommendations, was a ftrong application to the Court jj^n to the 
 of Aldermen, " for the payment of the Citty's debt ; " C°"" °^ 
 to which their Worfhips returned the following laconic men. 
 anfwer, " that the Chamber had not the money ; " 
 and recommended that the Grocers fhould raife money 
 as the other Companies had done. 
 
 " Soon after," fays Ravenhill, " it pleafed God to 
 ftir up feveral worthy members, who (continuing their 
 endeavours to carry on fo good a work begun) pro- 
 cured money to be raifed on fecurity of their revenue, 
 to difcharge thofe fequeftrations ; and, by letting their 
 lands in Ireland, finking the rent to ^10 per annum ;' 
 and, by benevolence and gifts of their members, paid 
 off a good part of their debts ; and, to fupply what 
 they could not otherways for the prefent advance, they 
 took up money upon fecurity of the equity of re- 
 demption of their whole eftate; whereby it plainly 
 appears, they ufed all ways and means to preferve their 
 Hall and ground-rent, as a feed for their pofterity ; 
 they having already paid, of their own benevolence 
 
 * In June, 1675, the Company demifed their lands in Ireland to 
 Mr. George Finch, upon a leafe for thirty-one years, from Allhallow- 
 tide, 1676, at ^10 a- year rent, and a fine of ,^3600. 
 
134- COMPANY OF GROCERS. 
 
 and what they have fo borrowed on fecurity of the 
 remaining part of their eftate, far above the real value 
 (to be fold) of what they receive thereout, over and 
 above the yearly charities, wherewith the fame are 
 charged by the donours." 
 1680. All thefe, however, were but temporary expedients 
 Proceed- ^^^ quite inadequate to give efFedtual relief to the 
 
 ingsallaw ^ - t^ o 
 
 againft Company. Towards the clofe of the year 1680, the 
 pany."™ Creditors became more urgent than ever, threatening 
 further legal proceedings if their demands were not 
 liquidated ; attachments were laid on the rent due by 
 the tenants ; and, in fhort, every mode of compulfion 
 which legal ingenuity could fuggeft was reforted to. 
 On the other hand, one of the moft fruitful fources 
 of emolument, that which arofe from fines levied upon 
 new members, was flopped, owing, as the records ftate 
 in July 1680, to " many perfons having been alarmed 
 at taking up their freedoms and livery in this Company, 
 on account of the heavy charges for which the mem- 
 bers have been liable." It became evident that if thefe 
 apprehenfions were not removed from the public mind, 
 the Company would, in a few years, become extind ; 
 to prevent which, the Wardens and Court of Affiftants 
 redoubled their zeal and exertions to ftem the torrent 
 which was rufhing with fuch force againft them. It 
 was agreed that the moft effeftual mode of regaining 
 public confidence would be by rebuilding the Hall 
 and thus retrieving that conftant and regular revenue 
 which arofe from its being let to the Lord Mayors. 
 Sir John Moore had the glory of being the firft to 
 hold forth a liberal example to the members, by con- 
 tributing ;^5oo towards this defirable objed: ; he was 
 followed by Sir John Cutler, Sir James Edwards, Sir 
 
THE COMPANY. 135 
 
 Henry Tulfe, Sir William Hooker, Sir Thomas Foote, 
 and others;^ "all being fully convinced that if the 
 Hall ihould long continue under thefe circumftances, 
 not only all that had been done would be wholly fruit- 
 lefs, but all that remained (for which they were truf- 
 tees to the generations to come), would foon wafte into 
 nothing, which would reproachfully render the prefent 
 members moft ungrateful to their anceftors, whofe 
 names ftill bloffom in what remains of thofe pious 
 monuments of their charities, and obnoxious to thofe 
 who fliould fucceed happy members of this fociety.'"' 
 
 After innuiTierable obftacles and delays, the refto- 1681. 
 ration of the Hall was completed at Michaelmas 168 1, j-eiiored! 
 in fufficient time to allow Sir John Moore to keep his 
 mayoralty there. Ravenhill defcribes it as " far ex- 
 celling any hall that now is, or, probably, ever was in 
 London ; " but he adds, " that the charge of com- 
 pleting the fame, although regulated with as good 
 hufbandry as was poiBble to be managed, yet fwells to 
 double the fum which was at firft propounded to be 
 difburfeid, and therefore called for farther afliftance of 
 our members than at firft was defigned to contribute 
 to the fame ; which work being fo completely finifhed, 
 manifeftly appears to have been the only means left to 
 keep the Company upon a foundation, which, other- 
 wife, muft, in a fliort time, have naturally diffolved of 
 itfelf ; for that the apprentices and freemen of any 
 eftate or value, who, before wholly declined, have now 
 (that is, in 1689) daily encreafed, as having a profpedt, 
 by what is vifible, of a profperous carrying on the 
 
 ' For particulars refpedting the reftoration of the Hall, fee page 28. 
 " Ravenhill. 
 
136 COMPANY OF GROCERS. 
 
 whole work anfwerable thereto : which work, now 
 compleated, is in itfelf of far greater value than all the 
 other part of the Company's revenue (over and above 
 the charities ifluing thereout), and that thofe feveral 
 fumms fo fubfcribed were thus freely given by feveral 
 worthy members on purpofe for this great work ; that 
 it might incourage the whole members, freely and 
 liberally to contribute towards the refidue of this work 
 and the debts." 
 
 This appeal on the part of the worthy Mr, Raven- 
 hill, however pathetic in his opinion, had but little 
 weight with the Liverymen of the Company; the 
 additional burthen laid upon their fhoulders by the 
 excefs of the eftimates for building was not to their 
 tafte and the money came in very flowly. Meafures 
 of fecurity became necefTary in order to prevent a fecond 
 fequeftration, the Hall having become more valuable 
 than before ; and, accordingly, the worthy clerk goes 
 on to ftate " that the beautifying and repairing their 
 Hall might not prove a bait to fuch creditors (if any 
 fhould be) as formerly feized the ruines of the fame, to 
 endeavour again a fequeftration againft it, but might 
 anfwer thofe good ends fo by them defigned : the Com- 
 pany, by advice of learned counfel, after an inquifition 
 taken before the Commiffioners for Charitable Ufes 
 and purfuant to a decree made by thofe Commiffioners, 
 have conveyed the fame and all their revenue, and the 
 equity of redemption thereof (fubjedt to the faid former 
 fecurities), to truftees, to fecure the yearly payment 
 not only of thofe charities wherewith that revenue is 
 charged by the donours, but alfo with the overplus (as 
 the fame will extend) of thofe other yearly charities, 
 payable by the Company to feveral places, perfons, 
 
THE COMPANT. 137 
 
 and ufes, by the appointment of other benefadlors, who 
 heretofore paid into their hands feveral fums of money 
 for other ufes, (for which now no fund remains,) that 
 they might alfo thereby not only difcharge their con- 
 fciences towards God and the memory of fuch pious 
 benefad:ors, but alfo avoid the chargeable profecutions 
 of the Commiffioners upon the ftatute for charitable 
 ufes, who have, of late, put this Company every year 
 to exceeding great charges and expenfes." 
 
 To fecure an acceffion of influence and talent for increafe 
 the fupport of the Company's afl?airs, a confiderable q^^^^j 
 number of freemen were fummoned and in Auguft ^'^^ Li- 
 and September 1681 eighty-one members were added 
 to the Livery. Every exertion was made to forward 
 the fubfcription, and thus, gradually, to extricate the 
 Company from its embarraffments ; a taik of no fmall 
 difficulty, for although the energy of the leading 
 members of the Court had achieved much a great deal 
 remained to be done. 
 
 Onthe i3thof February 1682, 1 find a circumftance 1682. 
 which gives evidence of a privilege of the Lord man tyre- 
 Mayors of London at that period, but which is now demption. 
 obfolete. It is thus recorded in the journals : — " This 
 day Mr. Thomas Prettyman appeared in Court, and 
 produced an order of the Court of Aldermen of the 
 9th inftant, whereby it appears that the Right Honour- 
 able the Lord Mayor had prefented him to that Court 
 to be made free of the City, as the firft of three due 
 to his Lordfhip by prerogative, and that, thereupon, it 
 was ordered he fhould be taken into the freedom of 
 the City ; upon which this Court, at his humble 
 requeft and the recommendation of his Lordflbip, do 
 order he be taken and admitted into this Fellowftiip ; 
 
138 COMPANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 and accordingly, here in Court the Wardens being 
 prefent, he is admitted, as by redemption, a member of 
 this Society of the Grocers." I ought to ftate that 
 Sir John Moore, a member of this Company, was the 
 Lord Mayor of that year. 
 1683. The greateft difficulty which the Court of Affiftants 
 Arrange- j^^ encounter, in their endeavours to conciliate the 
 
 mentwith ' 
 
 Chrift's creditors, was with the body of Governors of Chrifl's 
 P"a ■ Hofpital. As they had been the moft prompt in act- 
 ing againft the Company, fo, on the prefent occafion, 
 they oppofed obftacles to any arrangement, fave that 
 of an immediate payment of their whole demand. 
 They claimed arrears and charges as follows, viz. 
 
 On ^20 per annum for Lady Conway's gift for nine 
 years, and ^v\o for charges. 
 
 On j^io per annum on Lady Middleton's gift. 
 
 On ^5 per annum on Mary Robinfon's gift. 
 B elides arrears of allowance under Lady Slaney's will, 
 and a debt of _^5oo bequeathed to them. After much 
 debate, it was agreed that the matter fhould be left to 
 arbitration and five perfons were chofen on each fide, 
 whofe decifion iTiould be confidered as final. They 
 decreed that a part of the claim fhould be paid in 
 fourteen days and the remainder by yearly inftalments : 
 this decifion gave great fatisfa£tion to both parties and 
 was highly advantageous to the Company, as it paved 
 the way towards bringing their other refraftory credi- 
 tors to a fimilar arrangement. The fituation of the 
 Company improved by degrees, and every expedtation 
 was entertained that, by economy and by perfeverance 
 in the courfe pointed out by the arbitrators, they might, 
 at length, become free from all embarraflTments and 
 recover their ancient importance in the City ; but an 
 
THE CO MP ANT. 139 
 
 event occurred which threatened to neutralize the ex- 
 pedied benefit and to defeat the hopes which had been 
 cherifhed. 
 
 The event to which I allude is the iffuing of the 1684. 
 celebrated writ oi quo warranto by Charles II. in 1684 ^"'"^ 
 againft the City charters and liberties. The circum- rlltT'" 
 ftances which gave rife to this arbitrary proceeding 
 arofe from the illegal interference of the Court with 
 the privileges of the Citizens in their eledion of 
 Sheriffs and are detailed at length in the biographical 
 fketch of Sir John Moore, at the end of this volume. 
 The Court party, with his affiftance as Lord Mayor, 
 fucceeded in forcing the eledlion of their own candi- 
 dates for that time ; but, being confcious that to ac- 
 complilh their purpofe a frefh ftruggle was to be 
 encountered every year, they refolved to ftrike a blow 
 that fhould at once obviate all future interruption in 
 their progrefs, that fhould fetter Parliament altogether, 
 and leave the lives and liberties of the fubjeft entirely 
 at the mercy of the Crown. Their projedt was to 
 feize the charters of all the Corporate boroughs in 
 England. Sawyer, the Attorney-general, with a pre- 
 vious underftanding in the proper legal quarters, inti- 
 mated that he could undertake to prove a forfeiture of 
 the City charters and liberties.^ A writ of quo warranto, 
 that is an inquiry into the validity of the charter, was 
 authorifed to be profecuted and Charles well knew 
 that a vidlory over this ftrong hold of liberty, would 
 be followed by the implicit furrender of all other Cor- 
 porations, where the eftablifliment of the Court influ- 
 ence might be thought neceifary. The pretence of 
 
 ' Maitland, vol. i. p. 477. Burnet, Hiftory of his own Time. 
 
I40 COMPANY OF GROCERS. 
 
 forfeiture was, firft, an aft of Common Council pafled 
 nine years previoufly, by which a new rate of tolls had 
 been levied on perfons uling the public markets which 
 had been rebuilt after the great fire : fecondly, a peti- 
 tion prefented to the King two years before, in which 
 it was alleged that, by the King's prorogation of par- 
 liament, public juftice had been interrupted, and which 
 petition the Court of Common Council had caufed to 
 be printed. Whether any Corporation could forfeit its 
 exiftence, tfj a Corporation, by any abufe of its powers, 
 or even by voluntary furrender, was not at this time 
 clearly fettled, nor indeed is it now.^ Whether the 
 reprefentatives of a Corporation, fuch as the Court of 
 Common Council, could effedt a forfeiture of the rights 
 of their conftituents (which would imply that they 
 could, by an adt of their own, defeat the truft repofed 
 in them, and alter the eflential conftitution of the body 
 at large) may ftill more reafonably be doubted ; and 
 ample authorities may be referred to, fhowing that it 
 cannot. But that a bye-law, if bad or doubtful, or a 
 difrefpeftful addrefs to the King, however reprehenfible, 
 could legally produce any fuch effedt, is a pofition hardly 
 requiring to be confuted ; efpecially when it is known 
 that, by one of the City charters, it is fpecifically pro- 
 vided, that none of its liberties or franchifes are to be 
 forfeited by any abufe of them whatever. - 
 Meafures Having thus, by way of preliminary, ftated the 
 the Com- caufes which induced Charles to take this impolitic 
 f"""^' and unpopular ftep, I fhall briefly relate how the Gro- 
 
 1 Kyd on Corporations, vol. ii. 
 
 ^ Charter yth Richard II. The above account is, in great mea- 
 fure, taken from Norton'" Commentaries on the Franchifes of the 
 City of London. 
 
THE COMPJNT. 141 
 
 cers' Company adled on the occafion. On the 28th 
 of March 1684, the Wardens acquainted the Court 
 " that they had received his Majefty's writ, in the 
 nature of a quo warranto, returnable the firft day of the 
 term ;" and they ftated, further, that the fame had been 
 ferved on the other chief Companies. The firft ftep 
 refolved upon was the election of a Committee to con- 
 dudt the proceedings on the part of the Company ; arid 
 the chief perfons who compofed it were the Lord 
 Mayor, the Earl of Berkeley, who had ferved the office 
 of Mafter the year preceding. Sir William Hooker, Sir 
 John Cutler, and others. A deputation, attended by 
 the clerk, waited on Mr. Secretary Jenkins, on the 
 9th of April, " in order to be informed what might be 
 acceptable to his Majefty as expected to be done by this 
 Company in obedience to the faid writ, to the end the 
 Committee might fo report to the Court, that the 
 Company might, without delay, ad: as became loyal 
 fubjedts and prudent members, having alfo regard to 
 the truft in them repofed .? They received for anfwer, 
 from the Secretary, that his Majefty defigned not to 
 intermeddle or take away of the rights, property, or 
 privileges of any Company, nor to deftroy or injure 
 their ancient ufages or franchifes of their Corporations, 
 but only a regulation of the governing part, fo as his 
 M"*'' might, for the future, have in himfelf a moving 
 power of any officer therein for mifgovernment, in the 
 fame way and method that they themfelves now ufed 
 and claymed to have by power derivable from the 
 Crown," or, in other words, that they fhould be inca- 
 pable of exercifing that free control over their own 
 affairs which all their Charters, even that granted by 
 Cromwell, had fo folemnly conferred upon them. Re- 
 
142 COMPANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 fiftance was confidered fruitlefs and, therefore, in order 
 to derive all poffible advantage from their ready fub- 
 miflion, the Clerk was ordered to prepare an injirument 
 offurrender to pafs the common feal, and to accompany 
 it by a petition to his Majefty, " in order to obviate 
 his further difpleafure in profecution of the faid writ, 
 and to obtaine his grace and favour of the ancient 
 Charters, rights, and privileges of this Company." In 
 purfuance of an order of the Court, the Wardens were 
 dired:ed to confult Mr. Holt, the counfel, refpedting 
 the fame writing or inftrument, and he gave the follow- 
 ing opinion, viz. " that the writing, fo to be pafled 
 under the feal of the Company, does not in any way 
 amount to a furrender of their Charter or Corporation, 
 or any way to extinguifh or weaken any franchife or 
 liberty of the Company, but only their power of naming 
 and chufmg their Wardens and Afliftants and Clerk, 
 under fuch regulations for the future, as His Majeily 
 fhall, in his great wifdom, think fit for the well govern- 
 ing of the Company ; and, notwithftanding fuch fur- 
 render when made, the Corporation will ftill remain 
 upon its old foundation, and fhall enjoy all its ancient 
 rights and liberty and be in the fame capacity every 
 way, under fuch regulation as it was before fuch fur- 
 render made. All which being debated in Court and 
 information given that other Companies in London 
 are already prepared and very forward to attend His 
 Majeily with cheerful and ready compliance with his 
 gracious demands by his faid writ, this Court thought 
 fit, in order to the fecurity and welfare of the whole 
 Society, that this Company, which his Majefty has been 
 gracioufly pleafed fo highly above others to honour, in 
 condefcending himfelf to become a member of it, might 
 
Majefty. 
 
 THE COMPANT. 143 
 
 not come behind others in demonftration of their loy- 
 alty and fubmiflion, herein have thought fit to order 
 that the whole Commonalty be fummoned to meet here 
 at the Hall this afternoon, at two of the clock, in order 
 to have their application and complete the whole 
 matter of a fpeedy addrefs to His Majefty." 
 
 Although the notice was fhort, the Affiftants, 
 Livery, and Commonalty afTembled in great numbers; 
 and the petition to the King, with the Injlrument 
 before alluded to, was fubmitted to them, couched in 
 the following terms : — 
 
 THE PETITION. Petition 
 
 " To the King's moft excellent Majefty '° ^^^ 
 
 "The humble Petition of the Wardens and Commonalty of the Myf- 
 tery of the Grocerie of London, 
 
 " In moft humble manner fheweth, that your Majefty's Royal 
 progenitors, Kings and Queens of England, did, by the feveral letters 
 patent under the great feal, incorporate your petitioners, by which 
 divers immunities, privileges, and franchifes were granted to your 
 petitioners, and for that, lately, your facred Majefty in your Princely 
 wifdom has thought fit to bring a quo warranto againft your peti- 
 tioners, which has given your petitioners juft occafion to feare they 
 have highly ofFended your facred Majefty, whom in duty and alle- 
 giance they ought to obey ; 
 
 " Your petitioners earneftly beg that your Majefty would be gra- 
 cioufly pleafed to pardon and remit what is pafled and to accept of 
 our humble fubmiflion to your facred Majefty's good will and plea- 
 fure; and that your Majefty will further gracioufly be pleafed to 
 continue our former Charters, with fuch regulations for the govern- 
 ment of the faid Company as your facred Majefty fliall think fit. 
 
 " And your petitioners, as in duty bound, fhall ever pray," &c. 
 
 THE INSTRUMENT. 
 
 " To all to whom thefe prefents fhall come, the Wardens and 
 Commonalty of the Myftery of the Grocerie of the City of London 
 fend greeting ; 
 
 " Know ye, that we, confidering how much it imports the con- 
 cernment of our Company, to have men of known loyalty and approved 
 integrity to bear offices of magiftracy and places of truft in the faid 
 
144, CO MP ANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 Company, the faid Wardens and Commonalty have granted, furren- 
 dered, and yielded up, and by thefe prefents do grant, furrender, and 
 yield up unto his moft gracious Majefty King Charles the Second, by 
 the grace of God, King of England, or his heirs and fucceffors, all and 
 fingular the powers, franchifes, privileges, libertys, and authorityswhat- 
 foever, granted, or to be ufed or exercifed by the faid Wardens or Com- 
 monalty, by virtue of any right, title, or intereft vefted in them by any 
 charters, letters patent, cuftom, or prefcription in force, of or concern- 
 ing the elefting, nominating, conftituting, being, and appointing of any 
 perfon or perfons into, or for the feveral and refpe£tive offices of War- 
 dens, Affiftants, and Clerk of the faid Company ; and the faid Wardens 
 and Commonalty do hereby humbly befeech His Majefty to accept of 
 this their furrender, and do, with all fubmiffion to His Majefty's good 
 pleafure, implore his grace and favour, to re-grant to the faid Wardens 
 and Commonalty the naming and choofing of the faid offices, and the 
 faid libertys or franchifes, or fo many of them as His Majefty, in his 
 great wifdom, fliall judge moft conducive to the government of the 
 faid Company, and with and under fuch refervations, reftridtions, and 
 qualifications, as His Majefty, in his princely wifdom, fhall bepleafed 
 to appoint. In witneffe whereof, the faid Wardens and Commonalty 
 have hereunto affixed their common feal the eighth day of April, in 
 the fix-and-thirtieth year of the reign of our Sovereign Lord Charles 
 the Second, by the grace of God, of England, Scotland, France, and 
 Ireland, King, Defender of the Faith, &c. and in the year of our 
 Lord Chrift, one thoufand fix hundred and eighty-four." 
 
 The above documents having been folemnly read 
 and the queftion for their adoption put, it w^as carried 
 unanimoufly, and the Company's feal ordered to be 
 affixed to them. A deputation w^as alfo appointed to 
 attend His Majefty therewith at Windfor. 
 Interview ^^^ Wardens reported, on the 9th of May, that 
 with purfuant to the order of the AfTembly, met the 1 2th 
 of April laft, they, with Sir James Edwards, Sir John 
 Moore, and divers other members, attended His Ma- 
 jefty at Windfor on Sunday laft. That His Majefty, 
 being informed that a deputation of the Grocers was 
 in attendance, "came forth &, with a very kind afped:, 
 received them ; where Sir James Edwards, at the re- 
 
THE COMPANT. 145 
 
 queft of the reft of the Members, prefented the petition 
 and inftrument and declared to His Majefty, in the 
 prefence of the Lord Keeper, Lord Chief Juftice, and 
 many of the nobihty, that his loyal fubjedts, the Gro- 
 cers, (the Company His Majefty had been gracioufly 
 pleafed to make with a double ftroke of his favour,' in 
 condefcending fo low as to become a member of their 
 fraternity,) had no fooner read the writ of quo warranto 
 but they called their Afliftants and confulted and foon 
 refolved upon their duty ; and, fummoning their com- 
 monalty together, they had, unanimoufly, (not one 
 diflenting member,) agreed that a fhort, humble ad- 
 drefs, which, together with the inftrument under their 
 common feal, in the name of the whole Company of 
 Grocers, they humbly proftrated at His Majefty's feet; 
 and fo on his knee prefented them, which His Majefty 
 moft gracioufly received, declaring to them he was a 
 member of their Company and they might affure 
 themfelves of all kindnefs and favour he could, accord- 
 ing to the laws, beftow upon them ; and fo His Majefty 
 went to Chapel, difmi fling the whole aflembly, without 
 hearing any other perfons ; and committed the Com- 
 pany's petition to the care of Sir Lionel Jenkins, with 
 particular command to take care of this Company ; and 
 that Sir Lionel Jenkins has fince got the fame referred, 
 and declared himfelf very zealous and affedtionate to 
 ferve this Company to the utmoft of his power ; that 
 all care and diligence have fince been ufed to fearch 
 records and make preparation, that the Company may 
 have a confirmation of their Charter to the beft benefit 
 and advantage," 
 
 The King having obtained, by means of corrupt Judgment 
 judges, a verdidt on the quo warranto againft the City, the'city. 
 
 u 
 
146 COMPANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 the following fentence was pronounced by Juftice 
 Jones, on the 12th of June 1684, in Trinity term :-^- 
 
 " That a City might forfeit its charter ; that the 
 malverfations of the Common Council were the adls 
 of the whole City ; and that the two points fet forth 
 in the pleadings were juft grounds for the forfeiting of 
 a charter ; upon which premifes the proper concluiion 
 feemed to be, that, therefore, the City of London had 
 forfeited their charter ! " 
 
 But the confequences of enforcing the forfeiture were 
 fo much apprehended, that it was not thought fit to 
 venture upon it immediately ; and the Attorney Gene- 
 ral moved, contrary to the ufual cuftom in fuch cafes, 
 that the judgment might not be recorded.^ 
 
 The Citizens, in the meanwhile, after much debate 
 and confideration, agreed to fubmit themfelves and their 
 cafe to the King : the Lord Mayor and a deputation 
 repaired to Windfor, where they had an interview with 
 His Majefty, who accepted their fubmiffion on the 
 following conditions : viz. that, " in future, no Lord 
 Mayor, Alderman, Sheriff, Recorder or other officer, 
 fhould be allowed to enter upon his office without the 
 previous fan<flion of the King ; that, if perfons elefted 
 to any of the above offices did not meet His Majefly's 
 approbation, that he might eledt others, by commiffioii, 
 if he pleafed." The Lord Mayor communicated the 
 fix conditions, of which the above is the fubflance, to 
 the Citizens in Common Hall affembled, where, after 
 violent oppofition, they were carried by a majority of 
 eighteen, to the furprife of all the friends of liberty.^ 
 
 ' It was entered a fliort time afterwards, when the Citizens had 
 made their fubmiffion. — Rennet's Hijiory of England. 
 2 Kennet's Hiftory of England. — Maitland's Hiftory of London. 
 
THE CO MP ANT. 14.7 
 
 The natural confequence of this fervile fubmiffion ^"^^5- 
 was, that, in a fhort time, all the Aldermen obnoxious chariesii. 
 to the Court were got rid of, and others chofen in their 
 room by Royal commiffion. A new Lord Mayor and 
 Recorder and new Sheriffs were appointed, in the fame 
 manner, to a6t during pleafure. In fhort, the City and 
 the Companies of London, at the death of Charles IL 
 in February 1685, were left with Charters fcarcely 
 deferving the name, which placed their liberties and 
 municipal privileges at the difpofal of the Crown, 
 in a manner unprecedented in the annals of Englifh 
 hiflory. 
 
 That unreal mockery, mifcalled the Charter of the Charter of 
 Grocers' Company, was in no degree more favourable 
 than that of the City. It commences with a recital 
 of the Injirument, or furrender of the Wardens and 
 AfTiflants and goes on to flate that His Majefly is gra- 
 cioufly pleafed to grant them another Charter, under 
 fuch reJiriSiions as he jhall think fit. He incorporates 
 them by their ancient name of T^he Wardens and Com- 
 monalty of the Myjiery of Grocery of London, to have 
 perpetual fuccefTion ; and to have power, yearly, to 
 choofe Wardens, with the provifo, however, that they 
 mufl hold communion with the Church of England, 
 and that they fball have received the holy facrament 
 according to the forms prefcribed by the Church, 
 within fix months before ; that after their eledion they 
 fhall, before they aft, take the feveral oaths and fub- 
 fcribe the declaration appointed by ad of Parliament. 
 The Wardens' and Clerk's names are, by a fpecial 
 claufe, to be firfl prefented to the King and if approved, 
 under the fign manual or privy fignet, they may pro- 
 ceed to take the oaths ; if, on the contrary, they are 
 
148 COMPANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 rejeded, the Court of Afliftaftts are to eledl others and 
 fo on, from time to time, until His Majefty is fatisfied : 
 every eledlion made contrary to this claufe to be null 
 and void. The King referves to himfelf the power of 
 removing, by Hn order of Privy Council, any Wardens, 
 Affiftants or Clerk. The faid Wardens and Com- 
 monalty are to be fubjedt to the Lord Mayor and Court 
 of Aldermen, who are to approve all perfons propofed 
 to be admitted to the clothing. In fhort, although 
 there are feveral apparent privileges detailed in this 
 Charter, all liberty of will and of adtion is effeftually 
 abforbed, and the Company are allowed to exift only 
 during the pleafure of the King ; and, as if in bitter 
 irony of the reft, this memorable document clofes with 
 " a confirmation of all Charters, grants, ufages, and 
 privileges in and by all things ; fo that the Company 
 fhall not be troubled or molefted by the King, his 
 heirs, or fucceflbrs, or any of their minifters, for or by 
 reafon of any abufe or mifufage for the paft ! " 
 1686. Mr. Ravenhill ftates that the Grocers' Company, 
 laws! ^^" " when the quo warranto was brought againft them, 
 anno 1684, were (of all Companies in London) under 
 the moft irregular government, as to bye-laws and 
 ordina:nces, to warrant their adtions and proceedings, 
 not having any extant (that he could find), made and 
 legally confirmed, -fince the time of King Henry VIIL; 
 in whofe reign, (continues he,) by fearch, I found on 
 record, in the town-clerk's office, many fuited to the 
 diftempers and nature of the myftery of the Grocery 
 in thofe days : " having taken copies, amounting to 
 nearly one hundred fheets, he found moft of them 
 obfolete and inapplicable to the time. The renewal 
 of the Charter offered, in the opinion of the Court of 
 
THE COMPANY. 149 
 
 Affiftants, an excellent opportunity of framing a new 
 fet of bye-laws -^ and, availing themfelves of the affift- 
 ance and influence of the Earl of Mulgrave/ their 
 Matter for the year, they procured, what is termed in 
 the records, " an enlargement of their Charter," with 
 the following advantages, viz. a confirmation of the 
 Charter of Henry VI., granting the office of garbling 
 to the Company, in all places in this kingdom, the 
 City of London excepted, and " declaring the fpecies 
 of the myftery, which in former charters was exprefled 
 under the denomination of Grocery, but, in the pre- 
 fent, was declared to include all druggifts, tobacconifts, 
 and tobacco-cutters." 
 
 It had been fufpedted that Charles II., naturally a Acceffion 
 good-natured man, had been influenced in thofe mea- ni" is 
 fures againft the liberty of thefubjea:, which imprefl"ed tyranny. 
 fo deep a ftain on the latter part of his reign, by the 
 counfels of his brother, the Duke of York. The con- 
 dud of James, on attaining the Crown, fully confirmed 
 thefe fufpicions ; for his firfl: aft was an infringement 
 of the moft facred right of the Citizens. His jealoufy 
 refpeding the eledtion of members in his new Parlia- 
 ment was fo exceflive, that on the 6th of May 1685, 
 he directed the Lord Mayor to ifllie precepts to the 
 Companies, the objed of which was to influence the 
 feleftion of voters. The one addrefl"ed to the Mafter, 
 Wardens, and Afliflants of the Grocers' Company re- 
 quired " a return of fuch loyal and worthy members as 
 may be judged worthy and Jit to be, by the Lord Mayor 
 
 * They were not finally completed and approved until the begin- 
 ning of 1688. 
 
 ''■ Afterwards created Duke of Buckinghamfliire. 
 
150 COMPANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 and Court of Aldermen, approved ofz^ Liverymen to 
 eledl members to ferve for the City of London at the 
 approaching parliament." The allufion to the judg- 
 ment of the Court of Aldermen was the more infulting, 
 as the commiflion ilTued at the commencement of the 
 year, to which I have already alluded, had appointed 
 fixteen new Aldermen, and had degraded eight of the 
 old ones, known to be of independent principles. He 
 next proceeded to wreak his vengeance on Alderman 
 Cornifh, who, together with one Bethel, had been 
 chofen Sheriff in oppolition to the Court and who had 
 fhewn himfelf a ftaunch fupporter of the Exclufion- 
 bill. The proceedings againft Cornifh excited uni- 
 verfal indignation ; he was thrown into prifon and after 
 remaining there for a few days, was fuddenly informed, 
 on Saturday at noon, that an indidtment for high treafon 
 was prepared againfl him, and that he would be tried 
 on the enfuing Monday. His children petitioned the 
 King for time to prepare their father's defence, and for 
 a copy of the indidbment, the nature of the charge being 
 unknown to the prifoner ; they urged that his witnefTes 
 were at a diflance, and that he was, in confequence, 
 unable to eflablifh the pfoofs of his innocence. The 
 fubtle Monarch referred the petition to his venal 
 Judges, who, of courfe, rejedied it. The trial took 
 place on the Monday, and a convidtion followed, ob- 
 tained on the fole evidence of two pardoned traitors.* 
 He was executed within a week of his committal, and, 
 a few days afterwards, his innocence and the perjury 
 
 ^ Goodenough, the feditious under-fherifF of London, who had been 
 engaged in the Rye-houfe plot and was taken prifoner after the battle 
 of Sedgemoor, and Colonel Rumfey. — Hume^ vol. viii. 
 
THE COMPANY. 151 
 
 of the witneffes for the profecution were fo clearly 
 eftablifhed, that the King could not forbear returning 
 the forfeited eftates to the injured family. 
 
 This execution ,was, of itfelf, fufficient to alienate, 
 for ever the affeftions of James's fubjefts, had they 
 entertained any towards his perfon; but his fubfequent 
 adts, in levying duties without the authority of parlia- 
 ment, in difpenfing with the operation of the Teft-adl, 
 and, finally, in profecuting the feven Bifliops, fo com- 
 pletely detached the body of the people from his inter- 
 efts, that they adopted the refolution of expelling him 
 from the throne, and of inviting William, Prince of 
 Orange, to reign in his place. The inftant James was 
 apprifed of his danger, he fentfor the Lord Mayor and 
 Aldermen, and voluntarily declared his determination 
 to reftore the City Charters and liberties as they exifted 
 before the ifluing of the writ of quo warranto. His 
 great legal advifer, JefFeries, accordingly came to Guild- 
 hall and delivered the Charter, with two grants of 
 reftoration, to the Court of Aldermen.^ 
 
 In Auguft 1687, the Court of Afliftants, taking into 1687. 
 confideration the many and valuable fervices rendered ^"^f,""^ 
 to the Company by Mr. Ravenhill, their Clerk, during RavenhiU. 
 the period of their embarraflments and the pains taken 
 by him in drawing up and printing what was termed 
 the Company's cafe, a publication eminently ufeful, as it 
 explained the true caufesof their inability to difcharge 
 their charities and other obligations, and thus refcued 
 them from the obloquy incurred at the period of the 
 fequeftration of the Hall, and of the fuits profecuted 
 againft them, voted him a gratuity of two hundred 
 
 1 Norton's Commentaries, p. 315. Repertorium, 1688. 
 
152 COMPANY OF GROCERS. 
 
 pounds, and another of one hundred to his fon for his 
 affiftance. 
 Th ^R^ James II. had hardly left London with the view of 
 volution, encountering his opponents, when feveral Lords of par- 
 liament affembled at Guildhall and in the Court of 
 Aldermen, ifTued a folemn declaration in favour of the 
 Prince of Orange ; this was followed by an Addrefs of 
 the Court of Common Council, in which they implored 
 that Prince's protediion, and promifed him a welcome 
 and joyful reception. William fhortly afterwards 
 arrived in London, and received from the Corporation 
 a warm addrefs of congratulation through the hands of 
 the Recorder. 
 The^uo The Nation having thus emancipated itfelf from 
 declared'" oppreffion, refolved to fecure, at this opportunity, that 
 to be iiie- free and conftitutional form of government which had 
 
 lip o 
 
 liament. been fo ardently defired, and which has fince diftin- 
 guifhed it above all the Empires of the earth. This 
 was accomplifhed by that memorable ftatute termed 
 the Bill of Rights. The fecurity of the City of Lon- 
 don and of its immunities and privileges being con- 
 fidered effential to the national welfare. Parliament 
 pafTed a law,^ declaratory that the judgments obtained 
 upon the late guo warranto and all the confequent pro- 
 ceedings, were illegal and arbitrary ; " and it was 
 enaded, not only that fuch judgment fhould be re- 
 verfed, annulled, and made void, but that the Lord 
 Mayor, Citizens, and Commonalty, fhould for ever, 
 thereafter, remain a body corporate and politic, with- 
 out any feizure or fore-judger, or being thereof excluded 
 or oufted, upon any pretence of forfeiture or mifde- 
 
 1 2 Will, and Mary,fefs. i, c. 8. 
 
THE COMPANT. 153 
 
 meanour whatfoever, theretofore or thereafter to be 
 done, committed or fuffered." * 
 
 In November 1688, the King and Queen publifhed 1688. 
 a proclamation "for reftoring Corporations and mem- ing"ofthe 
 bers of bodies politique to their ftate and degree in Compa- 
 which they were at the time of the quo warranto, render. 
 brought againft them." On this being read to the 
 Court, the Clerk ftated that as there was fome obfcurity 
 in the wording, which threw a doubt as to the Com- 
 panies in London, and in order to avoid unpleafant 
 confequences, it had appeared to him defirable to pro- 
 cure back the Company's furrender, if not enrolled, and 
 to cancel it. This he had done, and produced it in 
 Court, for which a<9: of forefight and precaution, he 
 received the thanks of the Alliftants. 
 
 The 22d of Od:ober 1689, is a day memorable in 1689. 
 the annals of the Grocers' Company. His Majefty, ^^^^i' 
 King William III., the reftorer of the liberties of the Sovereign 
 nation at large and of thofe of the City, condefcended to t^g com- 
 be enrolled a brother of the Company, and to take upon P*"/- 
 himfelf the office of its Sovereign Mailer for the year. 
 The detail of the proceedings is fo curious, that I am 
 unwilling to diminifh any portion of the intereft it in- 
 fpires, by offering it to the reader in any other form 
 than that in which it is regiftered in the Company's 
 books ; the extradt is as follows : — 
 
 " The 22d Oftober 1689. Gugl.et MarieSy Regis et Reginx, anno 1689. 
 prima. At a Court of Afliftants aflembled in Grocers' Hall upon this 22d OSt. 
 folemn and happy occafion, the right honourable Charles, Earl of 
 Dorfett and Middlefex, Lord Chamberlain of His Majefty's houfehold, 
 came here in perfon this day and acquainted the Wardens and Af- 
 fiftants, that our moft fovereign lord King William of England, &c. is 
 
 ' Norton's Commentaries, p. 316. 
 X 
 
154 COMPANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 gracioufly pleafed, of his fpecial grace towards this Company, to affume 
 the title, and gracioufly permitting their eleflion to be recorded Sove- 
 reign Mailer of this Society, upon which the Wardens and Afliftants 
 here affembled do with moft humble and grateful fenfe of fuch His 
 Majefty's condefcenfion, with thankful hearts, embrace His Majefty's 
 royal favour therein, and do, with moft fubmiflive allegiance, in humble 
 manner, eleft and receive his Sacred Majefty for their Sovereign 
 Mafter accordingly ; moft humbly befeeching His Majefty's gracious 
 acceptance thereof, in an exemplified copy of this entry, together 
 with their moft humble duty and thanks, in the name of the whole 
 Company of Grocers, to be prefented in a gold box to His Majefty, by 
 the Wardens, and fuch members as they fliall take to their afliftance, 
 attending his honour in fo folemn a duty to His Majefty. 
 
 God fave the King and Queen." 
 
 And afterwards the Clerk read the following account 
 of the Company, in Latin and Englifh, viz. — 
 
 " Jula Jromatarlorum {vulgariter Grocers' Hall,) olim nominabatur 
 Domus illujlrijftmi Domini Fitzwalter^ unius regni hujus Paribus^ quam 
 regnante Henrico Sexto, focietati Aromatariorum vendidit. Sita eji in 
 ipfo urbis meditullio, cut adjacet hortus, qui aeri liberiori fpatium det, 
 necnon area pra foribus fatis ampla, qua Senatorum, vice Comitumque^dum 
 PrcEtori, rebufque publicis inferviunt, Nobilium etiam quacunque de caufd 
 hue accedentium, currus recipiantur ; ac ea de caufa Communitas Aroma- 
 tariorum, poji conflagrationem urbis horrendam, re-edificabat, ampUorem 
 fecit & omnis generis necejfariis adornavit, ut domus adfummum magijira- 
 tum magnifice recipiendum pres omnibus aliis maxime commoda videretur: 
 Summus enim Magijiratus vicem gerit ipfius Regis ; nullis igitur fumpti- 
 bus pepercit Aromatariorum focietas, ut receptaculum ejfet tanto officio, 
 tanto Magijiratu dignum; nam in hoc opere perjiciendo, multa expenduntur 
 millia folidorum, ut adificium eJfet fplendidum, aptum ^ fuis civibus conve- 
 niens, qui in loco hoc fefe folemnibus conviviis, amicitiam fuam invicem tef- 
 tantur & augent IS ab omni civitatis parte congregati hue accedunt, ut 
 mutuam erga feipfos benevolentiam exerceant. Hoc quoque honori & 
 gloria totius regni vertitur dum egredientes (sf domi redeuntes, peregrini 
 et domejiici, aulam hanc confpicuam mirantur fimul et amant. 
 
 " ^od ad antiquitatem fpeSlat egregia hujus Societatis, originem fuam 
 longaferie deducit a mercatoribus Romanis, qui cum Orientali orbis regione 
 commercia habuerunt pro aromatibus comparandis IS deviita hac infula, 
 urbem habitabant. ^ibus nojlratium in re nauticd peritia originem 
 fuam debere videtur,faltem ab Hits multum incrementi accepit, atque adeo 
 maris imperium, quod hiec infula large lateque per multa retro facula 
 
THE COMPANr. 155 
 
 obtinuit, eifdem aliquo modo acceptum refert. ^a printer in divitiis & 
 abundanti rerum copia, cceteras omnes communitates facile fuperabant. 
 Hinc ortce funt families illujlrijfma, max prolem illujlriorem datura. 
 
 '■'■Htsc communitas^corpus fit politicum^fub curd et gubernatione quatuor 
 Cufiodum, qui vocari pofftnt fuperintendentes^ nomine Magijlro exclufo, ut 
 capiti cormato femper locus relinquetur, quern locum Carolus Secundus (beatee 
 memoria) Rex implere non dedignatus ejl ; cujus nomen, ut aternitati con- 
 fecraret gratijjima Societas,Jiatuam ejus erexit in byrfa Regid & in re- 
 giflro fuo nomen ejus infcriptum habet, ut tejiimonium Jit pojieris gratitu- 
 dinis fuee erga Regem tarn benignum, qui chartam illi fixam reddidit (^ 
 firmam ; qua in re exemplum propofuit Regibus fuis fuccejforibus, utfavore 
 fuo perpetuo communitatem banc foverent^ ut perpetuum fit charitatis di- 
 verforium isf fertilijjimum mercatorum opulentorum, piorum civium fs" 
 fidelium fubditorum, feminartum." 
 
 Which may be thus read in EngUfh : — 
 
 Grocers' Hall was once the manfion-houfe of the Lord Fitzwalter, 
 a peer of this realm, of whom the Company purchafed the fame, in the 
 reign of King Henry VI., being fituate in the centre of the City of 
 London, and having a fair open garden behind for air and diverfion ; 
 and before it, within the gate, a large court-yard for the reception of 
 coaches, as the Aldermen and Sheriffs attend the Lord Mayor on 
 public affairs, efpecially from Guildhall, and the feflions at the Old 
 Bailey ; or as the nobility, and other perfons of quality, fhall either pay 
 their viflts, or be thither invited by his Lordfhip. For thefe reafons, 
 the Company of Grocers, after the late dreadful fire, rebuilt and en- 
 larged it with all offices and accommodations, far beyond any other 
 place that ever was, or now is, for the moll commodious feat of the 
 Chief Magiftrate, as he is, for the time being, his Majefty's reprefen- 
 tative in this famous city, at the expenfe of many thoufand pounds, as 
 defigning it for encouragement of their members, and conveniency 
 of the Citizens reforting thither, as to the fountain of juftice, from 
 all parts of the City ; as it may, alfo, redound to the honour of the 
 kingdom, being confpicuous (in their tranfient view), to AmbafTadors 
 and foreigners, as well as natives of His Majefly's dominions, palling 
 and repaffing through this City. 
 
 " And as this Society may boaft of its antiquity, deriving its original 
 from merchants in Rome trading in fpices to the Eaftern parts, who 
 from Rome tranfplanted themfelves to this City with the conq\ieft of 
 this ifland, and firft gave wings to navigation here, from whence this 
 ifland hath been able to give law by fea to all the world ; fo hath it 
 (above all other Companies in London) abounded in wealthy members. 
 
156 COMPANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 trading both at home and abroad, from whence have fprung many 
 honourable families, being incorporate by the name of Four Wardens, 
 as fuperintendents, without a Mafter, and fo moft capable of adoption 
 by a crowned head : King Charles the Second, of blefled memory, 
 having been their laft Sovereign Mafter j and, as other Companies 
 have done, in memory of the King from whom they have received the 
 like honour, fo this Company hath fet up his faid late Majefty's ftatue 
 in the. Royal Exchange, and recorded his facred name here in their 
 regifter, that fo the generations to come may know how far they are 
 debtors to his memory for the foundation he laid, whereon his royal 
 Succeflbrs might build, to carry on and complete their happinefs, in 
 reftoring and fettling fo pious a nurfery of charities, and fruitful femi- 
 nary of eminent merchants and good citizens. 
 
 God fave the King and Queen." 
 
 1690. One of the firft adts of the Court of Affiftants, after 
 and Bye- ^^^ acccffion of King William and Queen Mary, was 
 laws of to obtain from their Maiefties a new Charter, which 
 and Mary, fully Confirmed and eftablifhed the privileges and ad- 
 vantages contained in the laft one of James II. and 
 which added to the Myjlery of Grocery all perfons fol- 
 lowing the trade of Sugar-bakers. " Our bye-laws," 
 fays Ravenhill, " by learned Counfel, were fettled and 
 again perufed, examined and approved of, as the law 
 diredts, by the right honourable the Lords Commiflion- 
 ers for the cuftody of the great feal, and the two Lord 
 Chief Juftices, Sir John Holt and Sir Henry Pollexfen, 
 purfuant to our late Charter fo enlarged, whereby our 
 ancient ufages and privileges, for well governing and 
 ordering our members and myftery, are in every kind 
 regulated, augmented, and fupplied with addition of 
 new, fuited to all our defefts." This Charter and thefe 
 bye-laws, fubfequently confirmed by Queen Anne in 
 171 1 and by King George I. in 1722, are thofe by 
 which the Company is at prefent governed. 
 Quarter- Before I difmifs the fubjedt of Charters, I ought to 
 
 age. -' ' D 
 
THE COMPANT. 157 
 
 mention that the Wardens were, by the authority con- 
 tained in all their Charters, empowered to levy on the 
 members a fmall annual fum towards the charges and 
 expenfes of the Company, received four times in the 
 year and termed in the records garter age} The 
 colle<Stion of it had been fufpended after the fire of 
 London, on account of the diftrefs of the members until 
 the year 1690, when it was again claimed, with feven 
 years arrears. The Clerk and Beadles appear to have 
 derived a portion of their falaries by charging a coni- 
 mifTion on thd' colledtion of this impoft. It was finally 
 abolifhed on the nth July 1759, when the circum- 
 ftances of the Company had afTuraed a decidedly favour- 
 able appearance, and an addition was made to the 
 falaries of the Company's officers, as a compenfation 
 for the lofs they fuftained by the abolition. 
 
 Tranquillity and confidence having been reftored 1694. 
 after the acceffion of William and Mary, and the privi- ^^^f^ 
 . , leges and rights of Corporate bodies firmly eftablifhed the Bank 
 by Parliament, the affairs of the Company began gradu- 1° nd."^ 
 ally to improve ; and, for feveral years, no occurrence 
 worth recording took place. In the year 1694, as I 
 have already ftated,^ the Company entered into an 
 agreement with the Diredtors of the Bank of England, 
 to grant them, for a feries of years, the ufe of the Hall 
 for the condudt of the bufinefs of that Corporation : 
 this was renewed from time to time until the year 1734, 
 when the eftablifhment finally removed to Thread- 
 needle-ftreet. 
 
 ^ It was a mere trifle, amounting to a contribution of is. bd. per 
 annum from each member. 
 * See page 31. 
 
158 COMPANY OF GROCERS. 
 
 1700. Although the Company's affairs had been for acon- 
 the Com- fi^erable time in a ftate of progreffive amendment, 
 pany's they had flill fome difficulties to combat in the year 
 1700, arifing principally from the non-payment of 
 monies due to them by the Irifh Society and by the 
 Vintners' Company. A committee was felefted from 
 the Court of Affiftants to coniider the matter, and, on 
 the 22d March 1700, they reported as follows : — 
 
 " We, whofe names are here underwritten, having 
 met purfuant to an order of the Court of Affiftants held 
 on Wednefday the i oth May laft, in oT-der to infpedt 
 and examine the ftate of this Company, as to the rents 
 and charities, do find the fame to be as by the cafe 
 thereof hereunto annexed ; and, upon reading a letter 
 from Mr, George Finch, the prefent tenant of this 
 Company's lands in the kingdom of Ireland bearing 
 date the 7th day of February 1698, are of opinion, it 
 may be for the Company's advantage to treat with the 
 faid Mr. Finch for an additional term to his leafe in . 
 being, upon his forthwith advancing a fine and a con- 
 fiderable rent to the Company ; all which we humbly 
 fubmit to the further confideration of the Court of 
 Affiftants. Dated 9th March 1699." 
 
 This is followed by the Cafe above alluded to, and 
 which I infert verbatim : — 
 
 " The Cotnpany's Cafe as to their Revenues and Charities, 
 the \(^th March 1699. 
 
 " The Company, in the year 1686, obtained a decree from theCom- 
 miflioners for charitable uies, for fettling their eftate, in truftees, for 
 the due payment of their charities for the future ; and procured, from 
 the faid Commiflioners, twenty years' time, from Midfummer 1686, for 
 the payment of all arrears of Charities then due from the Company. 
 
THE CO MP ANT. 159 
 
 cc T-L 1- • • , ■ - P"^ Annum. 
 
 1 he Chanties due to the feveral perfons and places 
 
 refpeaively appointed to be paid by the donors' wills, 
 
 together with the intereft of the mortgage-money 
 
 then charged on the Hall, amounts to . . . .£ 941 15 o 
 
 " And the revenue then fettled by the faid decree, in 
 
 which the Hall was charged at ;^200 per annum to 
 
 difcharge the fame, amounted to no more than . . 877 16 8 
 
 " So that the revenue fell fliort of difcharging the chari- 
 ties and payments by £ 63 18 4 
 
 "Which arrears of ^^63 : 18 14 per annum more than 
 the revenue, for 13 years, to Midfummer 1699, 
 amounts to 830 18 3 
 
 " Loft by the Hall when unlet by the Mayoralty of Sir 
 John Chapman, being half a year, ^^i 00, and in the 
 Mayoralty of Sir Thomas Pilkington, being two 
 years, ;^400 ; in all 500 O o 
 
 "And by lofs in payment of the Parifh and Ward 
 duties, repairs. King's taxes, and other charges on 
 the Hall, not allowed by the decree for 8 years, till 
 let to the Bank of England 500 o o 
 
 " And by non-payment of the Irifli revenue, payable 
 from the City of London and Company of Vintners, 
 to Midfummer 1699, charged in'the faid decree, at 
 ;^ioo per annum 905 o o 
 
 Sum total . . ;^ 2735 18 3 
 
 " This Account examined by us, the 19th March 1699 » 
 Thomas Bourne, Sam"'- Brewster, John Owen." 
 
 The recommendation of the Committee was con- 
 fidered and adopted, and the Iriih eftate let to Mr. 
 Finch on leafe for fixty-one years, at a fine of ^1400, 
 and a rent of j^ 100 per annum; the former was, fhortly 
 after, apportioned in liquidation of the debts. 
 
 In the month of Odtober 1769, a queftion arofe ^7^9- 
 
lows, Ho 
 ney-lane 
 
 1 60 CO MP ANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 Prefenta- refpedting the Company's right to the third prefentation 
 
 Reaorytf ^o the Reftory of Saint Mary-le-bow, in Cheapfide. 
 
 St. Mary- A cafe was fubmitted to the Solicitor-general, who 
 decided in favour of the Grocers' Company, and the 
 refult was, that they indudted their candidate, the Rev. 
 Mr. Sclater. I fhould not have alluded to this fad:, 
 did it not appear to me a matter of fome intereft, that 
 the members of the Grocers' Company fhould be ac- 
 quainted with the circumftances which obtained for 
 them the privilege of every third prefentation to this 
 important benefice. 
 
 Aiihai- Simon Strete, by his will dated the 1 4th March 1 456, 
 
 gave to the Grocers' Company and their fucceffors for 
 ever, certain premifes in Honey-lane, together with 
 the right of prefentation to the redtory of AUhallows, 
 Honey-lane, chargeable with certain Charities therein 
 mentioned.' As no veftige of this church remains, a 
 brief account of it, extracted chiefly from Newcourfs 
 Ecclefiajiical Parochial Hijiory of London, may not be 
 uninterefling : — "This is a redtory and was a fmallpariih 
 church which flood in Cheap Ward, on the north fide 
 of Cheapfide, in Honey-lane ; a place not fo called for 
 the fweetnefs thereof, being very narrow and fome- 
 what dark, but rather from the often wafhing to keep 
 it clean." Newcourt then goes on to flate that "the 
 patronage of old was in the gift of private perfons, 
 Citizens of London, the lafl whereof was Thomas 
 KnoUes, who, in 1399, was Mayor of London, and 
 being by Company a Grocer, in all likelyhood, either 
 he or his heirs gave the advowfon thereof to that Com- 
 
 ^ The Company's Regifter of Grants and Wills. 
 * Edition 1708, p. 251. 
 
THE CO MP ANT. i6i 
 
 pany : for it appears, by what follows, that it has been 
 in their patronage ever fince the year 1471 and pro- 
 bably for fome years before." Newcourt's conjedture 
 is completely fet at reft by what I have ftated at the 
 commencement of this paragraph. " This reftory," 
 continues he, " is fubjed: to the Archdeacon, faving 
 only as to wills and adminiftrations, which belong to 
 the Commiffary,^ 
 
 " Sir John Norman, draper, Mayor of London in 
 1453 ^^^ buried in this church. He was fon of John 
 Norman, of Banbury, in Oxfordfhire, and was the firft 
 Mayor that was rowed by water to Weftminfter to take 
 his oath ; he caufed a barge to be made at his own 
 charge, and every Company had fmall barges, well 
 decked and trimmed, to pafs along with him ; for joy 
 whereof the waterman made a fong in praife of him, 
 beginning thus. Row thy boat, Norman." This church 
 was burned down by the great fire of London and on 
 the fite, by adt of parliament, was eredted a part of 
 Honey-lane market.^ This parifh was, on the rebuild- 
 ing of the City, united to thofe of St. Pancras Soper- 
 lane and St. Mary-le-Bow, and, by a decree then made, 
 the prefentation to the Redtory was vefted, in turn, in 
 
 ' "In 1636 the yearly profits of the church of Allhallows Honey- 
 lane were returned as follows : — 
 
 Tythes ;^40 o 
 
 Cafualtyes .... 400 
 
 Glebe 13 o o 
 
 Tythes now of this parifli, St. Mary-le-Bow 
 
 and St. Pancras, as united, are yearly . . 200 o." 
 
 Newcourt's Eccleftaftical Hijfory^ Sion College MS- 
 ^ When the market was built, the Company received from the 
 City ";^i20, in fatisfaftion for the parfonage-houfe in Honey-lane, 
 taken down for the new market." 
 
 Y 
 
1 62 COMPANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 the Crown, the Archbifhop of Canterbury, and the 
 Grocers' Company. 
 1770. I have now to record a circumftance which, at the 
 tionof"the time, created very confiderable excitement among the 
 Company Citizens of London, and, for a fhort period, placed the 
 Corpora- Groccrs' Company in jeopardy. Political animofities 
 tion of g^jj^j party feelings ran very high in the years 1768 and 
 1769 : Mr. Wilkes engrofling, about this period, a 
 great fliare of public and of parliamentary attention, 
 and being fupported by a ftrong party. He and his 
 coadjutors were thoroughly fkilled in the moft effeftive 
 modes of acquiring political notoriety and encouraged 
 and promoted the holding of public meetings, clubs, 
 and aflbciations and of framing refolutions and iffuing 
 remonftrances and pamphlets. The public mind, thus 
 ftimulated, was in a ftate of ferment which had reached 
 its height at the period when Lord North fucceeded 
 the Duke of Grafton as Firfl: Lord of his Majefty's 
 Treafury ; this was at the commencement of 1770 and 
 after the Corporation of London had prefented a ftrong 
 and fomewhat intemperate petition to George IIL, who 
 did not pay to that produdlion the favourable attention 
 which its authors had the prefumption to exped:. 
 Thus difappointed, they determined to deliver to the 
 King another paper, entitled, " The humble Addrefs, 
 Remonjlrance, and Petition of the Lord Mayor, Alder- 
 men, and Citizens of London." In this application 
 the Citizens undertook to declare what they conceived 
 to be the law of the land and wherein it had been vio- 
 lated, and to prophefy that its violation would produce 
 more ruinous confequences than the fhip-money of 
 Charles L and the difpenfing power of James IL ; 
 they declared the Parliament a non-entity, an illegal 
 
THE COMPANT. 163 
 
 aflembly, whofe ads were not binding, and, therefore, 
 could require no obedience. As a fpecimen of the 
 terms in which the Corporation dictated to the Sove- 
 reign and of the indecent licenfe of the period, I will 
 cite the concluding paragraph of this remonftrance : — 
 " Since, therefore, the mifdeeds of your Majefty's Addrefs 
 Minifters, in violating the freedom of election and ^^^^^^, 
 depraving the noble conftitution of Parliaments are ftrance of 
 notorious, as well as fubverfive of the fundamental j,ens. 
 laws and liberties of this realm; and finceyour Majefty, 
 both in honour and juftice, is obliged inviolably to 
 preferve them, according to the oath made to God and 
 your fubjedts at the Coronation ; we, your Majefty's 
 remonjirants, affure ourf elves that your Majefty will 
 reftore the conftitutional government and quiet of your 
 people, by diflblving this Parliament, and removing 
 thofe evil Minifters for ever from your councils."^ 
 The King's reply was in the tone of temperate but 
 dignified and forcible reproof; it was couched in the 
 following terms : — "I ftiall always be ready to receive 
 the requefts and to liften to the complaints of my fub- 
 jedts ; but it gives me great concern to find that any of 
 them ftiould have been fo far mifled as to offer me an 
 addrefs and remonftrance, the contents of which lean- 
 not but confider as difrefpedful tome, injurious to my 
 Parliament, and irreconcileable to the principles of the 
 Conftitution. I have made the law of the land the 
 rule of my conduct, efteeming it my chief glory to 
 
 1 I have called this the Addrefs of the Corporation; but I ought, 
 in juftice, to ftate that, at a Court of Aldermen, held at this period, 
 fixteen of that body figned a proteft, declaring that they were not 
 aflenting to, nor had fignified their approbation of the faid Addrefs^ 
 Remonjirance, and Petition. 
 
1 64 COMPANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 reign over a free people. With this view, I have 
 always been careful as well to execute faithfully the 
 truft repofed in me as to avoid even the appearance of 
 invading any of thofe powers which the Conftitution 
 has placed in other hands. It is only by perfevering 
 in fuch a condudl that I can either difcharge my own 
 duty or fecure to my fubjedts the free enjoyment of 
 thofe rights which my family were called to defend ; 
 and, while I aft upon thefe principles, I (hall have a 
 right to expedt, and I am confident I fhall continue 
 to receive, the fteady and affeftionate fupport of my 
 people."^ 
 Condua The proceedings of the Grocers' Company, at this 
 Companv. jundlure, fhow them to have been loyal and faithful 
 fubjedts and oppofed to the irreverent and fadtious pro- 
 ceedings of the Corporation of London : their condud 
 is thus recorded in their journals : — 
 
 " The Right Honourable the Lord Mayor ^ having 
 ifTued precepts for fummoning the Livery of this City 
 to meet at Guildhall, on Tuefday, the 6th inftant, to 
 confider of further application for redrefs of grievances, 
 which gave exiftence to a paper entitled, T^e humble 
 Addrefs, Remonjlrance, and Petition of the Lord Mayor, 
 Aldermen, and Livery of this City, which was ordered, 
 and afterwards prefented to his Majefty ; the fame was 
 taken into mature confideration and, after great debate 
 of the matter, it was refolved upon the queftion, that 
 this Court entirely difapproves of the faid paper, being 
 fully perfuaded that His Majefty's people, as well as 
 his Parliament, will rejedt with difdain every infidious 
 
 ' Biffet's Hiftory of the Reign of George III. vol. ii. 
 ' Alderman Beckford. 
 
THE COMPANT. 165 
 
 fuggeftion of thofe ill-defigning men, who are, in 
 reality, undermining the pubhc liberty, under the fpe- 
 cious pretence of zeal for its prefervation, and, there- 
 fore, look upon it as indecent and highly difrefpedtful 
 to His Majefty's perfon and dignity, injurious to the 
 fupreme authority of Parliament afTembled, and unwar- 
 rantable, as it tends to fubvert the happy conftitution 
 of this kingdom, 
 
 " Then it was refolved upon the queftion and or- 
 dered for the future, that no Warden of this Com- 
 pany do fummon the Livery thereof to attend at any 
 meetings in the Guildhall of this City, except for the 
 purpofe of elections, without the exprefs order of this 
 Court." 
 
 A few days after the palling of this refolution, 
 namely on the 9th of April 1770, the following pre- 
 cepts were received from the Lord Mayor, and fub- 
 mitted to a Court fpecially fummoned for the pur- 
 pofe : — 
 
 " To the Mafters and Wardens of l ^ ^ 
 
 the Company of Grocers. ) ■' ■' ' 
 
 " Thefe are to require you to caufe all the Livery of your Company 
 to be fummoned to meet at Guildhall, on Thurfday the I2th inftant, at 
 eleven o'clock in the forenoon, to receive the report of His Majefty's 
 anfwer to their humble addrefs, remonftrance, and petition, and to 
 take into confideration fome late refolutions and orders of the Courts 
 of Afliftants of the Companies of Goldfmiths, Weavers, and Grocers. 
 Hereof you are not to fail. Dated the 9th day of April 1770. 
 
 Hodges." 
 
 " After confideration thereof, the Court is unanimoufly of opinion 
 that his Lordfhip had no legal authority to iflue precepts for calling a 
 Common Hall, to be held on the 12th inftant, for the purpofes men- 
 tioned in the faid precept, particularly to that part which relates to 
 the refolutions of this Court; and, therefore, this Court does deter- 
 mine and refolve not to fummon the Livery of this Company on that 
 precept." 
 
1 66 COMPANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 The other precept is as follows : — 
 
 " To the Matters and Wardens of | tj ^h M 
 the Company of Grocers. I ^ 
 
 " Having received information that certain orders and refolutions 
 have been lately made in your Company which affecSt the rights and 
 dignity of the City of London ; thefe are, therefore, to require that 
 you, forthw^ith, tranfmit to me authentic copies of all orders and refo- 
 lutions made by your Company, and every part thereof, during the 
 month of March laft paft, together with the names of the members 
 prefent, diftinguiftiing the office they difcharged. Hereof fail not, as 
 you will anfwer the contrary. Dated this 9th day of April 1770. 
 
 Hodges." 
 
 " After taking the fame into confideration, the Court was unani- 
 mous in opinion, that it becomes them, as a Courtof Affiftantsof the 
 Grocers' Company, to refufe his Lordfhip's demands, contained in the 
 faid laft precept ; and the Clerk was ordered to wait on the Lord 
 Mayor with a copy of the faid precept, and this Court's determination 
 thereon." 
 
 The other Companies who joined with the Grocers 
 
 in making this noble ftand againft difaffedtion, were, 
 
 as appears by the above precepts, the Goldfmiths' and 
 
 the Weavers', and they pafled refolutions of a fimilar 
 
 tendency. 
 
 Decifion At the inftigation of the Lord Mayor and his party, 
 
 ^^^^^, a Committee of the Livery^ was appointed to confider 
 
 Court. of the proper mode of proceeding againft, what they 
 
 termed, the refraEiory Companies and to report their 
 
 opinion thereon to the Common Council. A cafe was, 
 
 accordingly, prepared and fubmitted to counfel, and it 
 
 paved the way to the legal proceedings which had for 
 
 objedt the disfranchifement of the three Companies,^ 
 
 ' The Committee confifted of fix Aldermen and twelve Common 
 Councilmen. 
 
 " Deputy, afterwards Sir John Hopkins, being Mafter at this time, 
 the notice of a6tion was ferved upon him. 
 
THE COMPANT. 167 
 
 Several informations in the Lord Mayor's Court were 
 prepared and filed ; but one only, againft Mr. Alder- 
 man Plumbe, Mafter of the Goldfmiths' Company, was 
 brought forward, the others waiting the event and iflue 
 of that. The cafe was tried, by a fpecial jury, before 
 Mr. Recorder Glyn, (who was one of the Counfel that 
 had figned the opinion,) and a verdidt of guilty was 
 given. A motion in arreft of judgment was made, on 
 which the judgment was affirmed; but, a writ of error 
 being brought, it was argued feveral times before the 
 five Judges affigned for thatpurpofe, (which is a peculiar 
 tribunal, in the nature of a court of error, in all matters 
 decided in the Mayor's Court,^) and the judgment of 
 the Lord Mayor's Court was reverfed, upon the grounds 
 ftated in the arguments delivered by the judges. The judgment 
 fubftance of thefe opinions is thus given in a periodical "■^^^f^^'^' 
 produdion of the period : — " Yefterday, Lord Chief 
 Juftice De Grey, Lord Chief Juftice Baron Smythe, 
 Mr. Juftice Afton, and Mr. Juftice Afhhurft, the Com- 
 miffioners appointed to review the proceedings on an 
 information of disfranchifement, filed by the Common 
 Serjeant againft Mr. Alderman Plumbe, met, accord- 
 ing to adjournment, at Guildhall, and delivered their 
 judgment, which was, that they were unanimoujly of 
 opinion that the information was erroneous in many 
 particulars which they feverally fpecified, and that Mr. 
 Alderman Plumbe, by negledting to fummons the 
 Livery of the Goldfmiths' Company, of which he was 
 Prime Warden, to attend Alderman Beckford, when 
 Lord Mayor, at a Common Hall, had not been guilty 
 
 1 Payne's Treatife on Municipal Rights, page 105. 
 
1 68 COMPANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 of any offence againft his oath and duty as a freeman ; 
 confequently, the judgment of disfranchifement pro- 
 nounced againft him, in the Mayor's Court, by the 
 Recorder, was, by them, reverfed." ^ 
 Chief juf- Lord Chief Juftice De Grey's opinion is fo clear and 
 Grey's^ l^jminous, that it merits to be here recorded. He ob- 
 opinion. ferves, " thus far we know, that the conftitution of the 
 City of London does not contain thefe Companies, I 
 mean originally, and from their charters, and all pre- 
 fcriptive rights ; it is by fubfequent accident that they 
 came now to bear the relation they do to their Com- 
 panies as Livery. The Livery are not formed out of 
 their Corporate body ; for whatever their conftituent 
 parts, their obligations, duties, powers, cuftoms, and 
 rights are, either as altogether, or as individuals, they 
 are no part of the City cuftoms or rights, but a fub- 
 ordinate, detached, and independent body ; I mean in- 
 dependent with regard to the original conftitution. 
 
 "Now there is nothing in law more defined, or better 
 underftood, than the rules by which the powers of cor- 
 porate bodies are to be exercifed ; and they have no 
 power but under their Charter, or by prefcription, or, 
 in fome few inftances, by adl of Parliament, or the 
 general rules of law applied to them. They cannot go 
 beyond their authority, and its incidental confequences, 
 that is moft clear ; and the governing power, whatever 
 it is, can no more impofe demands beyond the confti- 
 tutional authority, than the governed can difobey any 
 within it. As the whole body muft keep within the 
 limits of its authority, fo muft every derivative part of 
 
 London Magazine for July 1775, page 376. 
 
THE COMPANT. 169 
 
 It ; fo muft the officer confine himfelf to his duty in the 
 exercife of the power given him ; and the different 
 parts of the conftitution, each having their pecuHar 
 department, all muft be fubfervient to the good of the 
 whole. Now the head can no more compel any par- 
 ticular part of the Corporation to meet, but for the 
 purpofe of doing fuch bufinefs, which by the conftitu- 
 tion belongs to fuch part, than any other man. If fuch 
 law is iiTued contrary to the conftitution of the City, 
 as fuch, it is void ; that is, it can derive no authority 
 from the conftitution of the City, or Corporation, any 
 more than it would from the authority of a private 
 man. It has been truly faid, everybody has a right, 
 by our conftitution, to petition the Sovereign. The 
 Lord Mayor and Aldermen have a right, as individuals, 
 to petition the Sovereign ; nay, they may have a right, 
 fince they have now as a body certain rights given them, 
 particularly by the late adt of parliament giving the 
 power of eledtions, they have given to them by a legif- 
 lative ad:, a certain right (I do not know how to call 
 it a corporate right, but a certain right belonging to 
 that meeting,) the right of eledtions ; and, therefore, 
 I think a body might pofTibly fuppofe a cafe, in which 
 the Lord Mayor, Aldermen, and Livery, as fuch, might 
 have fome bufinefs upon which they might think 
 proper to addrefs the Crown ; and if they did fo, if 
 fuch precept was iffued to the Warden, it would be 
 his duty to obey it ; there it would appear to be, I 
 cannot fay a Corporate purpofe, but a legal bufinefs to 
 be tranfafted legally ; and if a Warden was to difobey 
 fuch an order as that, he would offend as a Warden ; 
 there is no doubt about that ; but the queftion is, what 
 is to be done where it appears the fubjedt of their 
 
170 COMPANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 meeting is not the particular bufinefs of that body, nor 
 even the particular bufinefs of the City, but relates to 
 fuppofed national grievances, w^hich is the concern of 
 the Citizens, as fubjedts and Liverymen, as it concerns 
 everybody, to prefent a petition to the Sovereign ; 
 but it has nothing to do w^ith the corporate capacity 
 of the City, and nothing to do w^ith the colledive 
 character of the Livery, but it might be a matter 
 equally relative to the fubjedt at large ; confequently, 
 it is as clear as the fun, they could not meet upon this 
 fubjedt Corporaliter ." ^ 
 
 The determination of the judges thus completely 
 negatived the opinion given by the Recorder and the 
 other learned Counfel, Vi^hich in effedt ftated, " that it 
 w^as the duty of the Wardens of the refraSlory Com- 
 panies to have executed the precept, and that by a 
 wilful refufal on their parts they committed an offence 
 punifhable bydisfranchifement," their Lordfhips ruling, 
 "that Mr. Alderman Plumbe had not been guilty of 
 any offence, either in his charadter of Warden of the 
 Company, or of a freeman of London ; as well as, that 
 the Livery could not either addrefs, remonflrate, or 
 petition as a corporate body." It may thus be in- 
 ferred from this decifion, that as the Livery were not 
 bound to attend the Common Hall for the purpofe, fo 
 the Lord Mayor was not legally bound or required to 
 call them together for fuch purpofe ; and, therefore, 
 that it was an improper interference with the general 
 rights of Citizens, and their ancient legiflative body, 
 the Court of Common Council. 
 
 No occurrence of public or private interefl took 
 
 * Payne's Treatife on Municipal Rights. 
 
THE COMPANT. 171 
 
 place for more than twenty years ; the Company's 
 affairs proceeded fmoothly and nothing happened to 
 vary the ordinary routine of bulinefs, which was limited 
 to the management of the eftates, and the diftribution 
 of the Charities. As their circumftances improved, 
 the difpofition to do good increafed ; and there is 
 fcarcely a charitable inftitution in the metropolis whofe 
 records do not bear ample teftimony to the generous 
 liberality of the Grocers' Company. The Marine 
 Society, in particular, which in itfelf unites objefts at 
 once benevolent and patriotic, received, for many years, 
 fums varying from ^50 tO;r5oo: the various hofpitals 
 and afylums for the relief of mental and bodily infirmi- 
 ties, were munificently aflifted ; nor was the Company's 
 purfe clofed when the neceffities of the State called for 
 aid ; in ftiort, an example wafe afforded to the world at 
 large of the moil effedtual and legitimate mode of ap- 
 plying the funds of a public Company. 
 
 In no inflance did the Company's loyalty fliine forth 1792- 
 more brightly than at the period when an attempt was Revoiu- 
 made, in 1792, to introduce into England the princi- "°"- 
 pies of the French Revolution. The affociation known 
 by the appellation of the Friends of the People, and the 
 London Correfponding Society, by their addrefTes and 
 publications, infedted a large portion of the middling 
 clafles with the revolutionary fever, which operated in 
 the wildeft and moll extravagant ravings.^ Thomas 
 Paine publifhed the fecond part of his Rights of Man, 
 in which he recommended the abolition of every efla- 
 blifhment, and the levelling of all diflindtions. He 
 was feconded by a feditious paper, called The Argus, 
 
 1 Biffet's Reign of Geo. III. vol. v. 
 
172 COMPANY OF GROCERS. 
 
 by the Analytical Review, and by innumerable demo- 
 cratical pamphlets ; and the neceflary confequence of 
 this violent excitement was, to inftil into the moft in- 
 duftrious and ufeful clafTes of the ftate an eager defire 
 to abandon their own courfe of beneficial and produdive 
 labour, and to take the management of public affairs 
 into their own hands. At this crifis it became abfo- 
 lutely neceflary that the Government fliould make fome 
 public demonftration to check the growing evil ; and 
 a proclamation was ifl"ued in May 1792, warning the 
 people againft inflammatory writings and enjoining all 
 Magiflirates to ufe their utmoil efforts to difcover the 
 authors and publifliers of fuch feditious works. A copy 
 of the proclamation was afterwards laid before parlia- 
 ment and its merits difcufl"ed ; on which occafion the 
 Prince of Wales, afterwards King George IV. delivered 
 his firfl; fpeech in the Houfe of Lords, in which he 
 forcibly tefliified his intention of fupporting the Britifli 
 Conftitution, in oppofition to what his Royal Highnefs 
 termed " the wild ideas of untried theory," and con- 
 cluded his memorable addrefs with thefe words, "I 
 exifl: by the love, the friendfliip, and the benevolence 
 of the people, and their caufe I will never forfake as 
 long as I live." 
 
 At this eventful period it became imperative on the 
 advocates of the Confliitution and the lovers of focial 
 order, to make fome public demonfl:ration of their 
 fentiments and to avow their determination to fupport 
 the authority of the Crown; particularly as the feditious 
 practices before alluded to had produced, in various 
 parts, fuch diforders as rendered the vigorous inter- 
 ference of the executive government neceflary. The 
 Grocers' Company were among the foremofl: in the 
 
THE CO MP ANT. 173 
 
 ranks of loyalty, and as their admirable and fearlefs 
 addrefs cannot be too generally known, I have extracted 
 it from the books, with the preliminary obfervation 
 which accompanies it. 
 
 " The Court of Affiftants, after taking into confideration the necef- 179 2. 
 fity of a public declaration, to be made by the members of this Com- The Com- 
 pany, of their allegiance to His Majefty, and their firm attachment to Pf "y'f '^^- 
 our happy Conftitution — adopted, unanimoufly, the following decla- r n ■ 
 ration, which was fubfcribed by the Wardens and Affiftants, and ance. 
 inferted in the London Gazette and all the public papers. 
 
 " We, the Wardens and Affiftants of the Myftery of Grocers of 
 the City of I<ondon, whofe names are hereunto fubfcribed, (ohferving 
 with the moft heartfelt concern the feditious, inflammatory, and falla- 
 cious opinions, which have been induftrioufly propagated to introduce 
 principles of anarchy incompatible with civil government,) think it a 
 duty we owe to ourfelves and our pofterity, thus publicly, to declare 
 the moft fincere and unfhaken loyalty and attachment to our moft 
 Gracious Sovereign and the happy Conftitution of this country, and 
 our determined refolution to fupport that glorious eftablifliment which 
 breathes the fpirit of liberty, cherifliing the ineftimable and facred 
 rights of univerfal fecurity and proteiSion to our perfons and property, 
 and difFufing the bleffings of peace through every order of the com- 
 munity ; an example of happinefs unknown to other nations, the 
 birthright of an Englifliman, for which our anceftors have fo bravely 
 ftruggled, and the greateft pride of a free and profperous people. 
 
 (Signed) Thomas Jackson, " 
 Wm. Hopkins, 
 Thomas Higgins, 
 John Dod, 
 
 And by the Court of Affiftants and Livery." 
 
 At the end of the year 1792, a confiderable num- London 
 ber of the moft refpedtable Merchants, Bankers, and ^^°';''" 
 Traders of the City of London united themfelves into 
 a body, termed the London AJJociation for Aiding the 
 Civil Power. They requefted of the Company the 
 loan of their Hall, and of the old Committee-room, 
 for the purpofes of holding their meetings and learning 
 
 Wardens . 
 
174 COMPANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 the military exercife. The readinefs fhown by the 
 Court of Affiftants and Livery to forward the objects of 
 the affociation produced the following vote of thanks, 
 beautifully infcribed on vellum. 
 
 "GROCERS' HALL. 
 
 December 2^th 1792. 
 Vote of " At a General Meeting of the Members of the London Affociation, 
 Thanks. Inftituted the fourth day of December inftant, for aiding the Civil 
 Power, held here this day. 
 
 The Right Honourable Sir James Sanderfon, 
 Lord Mayor, in the chair, 
 
 " Refolved unanimoufly, 
 
 " That the grateful thanks of this Affociation be given to the gen- 
 tlemen who compofe the Court of Affiftants of the Worfhipful Com- 
 pany of Grocers, for the very handfome manner in which they have 
 been pleafed to give permiffion for the Affociation to make ufe of 
 their Hall for the purpofe of learning the military exercife, thereby 
 enabling the members to give efFe£t to the principle of this Inftitu- 
 tion, that of protedting the perfons and property of their fellow 
 citizens, and preferving our happy Conftitution, by ftrengthening the 
 arm of the Civil power. 
 
 James Sanderson, Chairman." 
 
 1793. The firm and confiftent condudt of His Majefty King 
 Gecfrge George III., fupported and guided by the talents of 
 HI. and that lamented ftatefman Mr. Pitt, gradually and fuc- 
 cefsfully fleered the ftate vefTel through the Ihoals and 
 breakers by which it was furrounded. Foes abroad 
 and enemies at home had placed England in the moft 
 awful and critical pofition ; but the firmnefs of purpofe 
 and the love of country, naturally inherent in the 
 breafts of Englilhmen, fhowed on this, as well as on 
 former and fubfequent occafions, that however the 
 efforts of a few factious and difaffedted individuals may, 
 for a period, diflurb the general' tranquillity, the mo- 
 
THE CO MP ANT. ij^ 
 
 ment of real danger abforbs all party feelings, and 
 produces a unity of aftion which is irrefiftible. Thus, 
 the War which was commenced in 1793, was not the 
 War of the Court, of the Minifters, or of the privileged 
 orders ; it was a War of the great majority of the 
 people of Britain. In declaring it againft France in 
 February 1793, his Britannic Majefty fpoke the voice 
 of the Britifli nation.^ Its duration, as is well known 
 to us all, was for a period of thirty years ; the fuccefs 
 was various, but its termination eminently glorious to 
 the Britifh nation, which, by its internal unanimity and 
 by heavy perfonal facrifices, carried all Europe through 
 a ftruggle, which, on more occafions than one, had 
 appeared hopelefs. 
 
 As far as the Grocers' Company are concerned, I 
 have now brought my labours to a clofe; the journals, 
 from the period I have laft alluded to, prefenting no- 
 thing worthy of record, which has not been noticed in 
 that portion of my work which treats of the Hall. 
 The talk, although fomewhat laborious, has been moft 
 gratifying, inafmuch as it has made me thoroughly 
 converfant with the hiftory and tranfadtions of the an- 
 cient and venerable Corporation to which it is my 
 pride to be attached. It has enabled me to fee that 
 the condudt purfued by the Company, through all times 
 and in all circumftances, good and evil, has been con- 
 fiftent and highly honourable ; loyalty and good faith 
 having been, from their earlieft inftitution, their main 
 fprings of adtion. Conftituted as the Company now 
 are, the fame principles will, I am perfuaded, continue 
 to adtuate them ; and charity, attachment to the infti- 
 
 1 Biffet's Reign of George III. vol. v. 
 
176 
 
 COMPANY OF GROCERS. 
 
 tutions of their country civil and religious, and brotherly- 
 love among themfelves, be, to the end of time, their 
 diftinguifhing charadleriftics. For my ow^n part, par- 
 taking moft cordially in thefe fentiments, I cannot 
 breathe a better and more appropriate prayer for the 
 profperity of the Society, than by fervently reciting the 
 Grace w^hich is, on all feflive occafions, pronounced at 
 the Hall, — God preserve the Church, the Queen, 
 AND the Worshipful Company of Grocers. 
 
NOTICES OF ILLUSTRIOUS AND 
 EMINENT MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 (Sxmx's Company. 
 
 " Cl&rorum virorum fafta morefque pofteris tradere, antiquitus 
 uiitatum, ne noftris quidem temporibus, quanquam incuriofa fuo- 
 rum setas omifit, quotiens magna aliqua ac nobilis virtus vicit ac 
 fupergrefla eft vitium, parvis magnifque civitatibus commune, igno- 
 rantiam refti et invidiam." 
 
 C. Cornelii Taciti Agricola. 
 
 " But what doe I their names feeke to reherfe. 
 Which all the wrorld have with their iffue fild ? 
 How can they all in this fo narrow verfe 
 Contayned be, and in fmall compafle hold ? 
 Let them record them that are better fkild, 
 And know the moniments of pafled time : 
 Only what needeth Ihall be here fuliild." 
 
 Spenfer's Faerie ^eene, Canto XI. 
 
 A A 
 
NOTICES OF EMINENT MEMBERS. 
 
 ANDREW BOKEREL. 
 
 .NDREW BOKER- 
 EL, Pepperer, was 
 Mayor of London in 
 ..the reign of King 
 Edward I. for feven 
 confecutive years, 
 namely from 1231 to 1237. The 
 traces of the Bokerel family, of which this diftin- 
 guiflied citizen (the firft noticed in the Civic annals 
 as a Pepperer) was a member, are faint and very 
 widely fcattered. The Bokerels, there is no doubt, 
 came originally from Italy, where they were known by 
 the name of Boccherelli, (a family whofe defcendants 
 are ftill to be found at Pifa,) as in the Hundred-rolls, or 
 Inquifitions of the fecond year of Edward L, William 
 Bokerei^is named, together with Gregory de Rokejly, the 
 
 1 Calend. Rotul™. Hundred. No. i, p. 415. 
 
 ^ In the volume of Memoirs of London in the 13th, 14th, and X5th 
 centuries, recently publifhed by order of the Corporation of the 
 City of London, is the following paflage at page 25 : — " We here 
 have the original form of the name ' Bucklerfbury.' It was no doubt 
 called ' Bokerel's Bury' from the former refidence there of the wealthy 
 family of Bokerel." Inquifition, 19 Ed. I. a. d. 1291. 
 
i8o COMPANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 BaJlngSy and divers other great city men of the time, as 
 being one " among other Lombards of whofe names the 
 jury were ignorant : " it is further faid of the fame 
 William, " that he held the fourth part of a knight's 
 fee or about 170 acres of land in the manor of Chat- 
 ham;"^ and moreover, that King Henry III. having 
 extorted 1500 marks from the City of London for 
 fuffering William de Bokerel, who had been fentenced 
 to an exile of twenty years, to live in it, the Londoners 
 offered to prove that the King had pardoned Bokerel 
 long before : but the wily monarch, prepared with a 
 fubterfuge, replied, that Bokerel had been pardoned by 
 him when he was in his minority, and therefore, the 
 pardon was not obligatory. 
 
 Stephen Bokerel, Sheriff of London with Henry 
 Cocham in 1228 in the mayoralty oi Robert Duke, was 
 alfo of this family ; a citizen, and, moft probably, of 
 the fame trade as Andrew.^ In the return to an in- 
 quifition on a writ of S^uo Warranto againft him and 
 William de Hadjioke, in which they are ftyled " Mailers 
 of the Bridge of London," in the 14th year of Ed- 
 ward L, refpedling the repair and keeping up of the 
 bridges in the county of Herts, the jury returned " that 
 a certain tenement therein defcribed, and which was 
 appropriated towards fuch repairs, had come into the 
 hands of the faid Stephen and William, as Sheriffs of 
 London, and had not been fo applied ;" and they, 
 being fummoned before the juftices itinerant at St. 
 Alban's and not appearing, were ordered to be diftrained 
 upon.* 
 
 * Calend. Rotul" Hundred. No. i, p. 222. 
 
 ^ Northouck's Hift. of London, 1773, p. 46. 
 
 ^ Strype's Stowe, 1754, vol. ii. p. 213. 
 
 " Calend. Placita de Quo Warranto, 14 Ed. I. p. 286. 
 
NOTICES OF EMINENT MEMBERS. i8i 
 
 Of Andreiso Bokerel, the chief of this family, the only 
 mention made is in Stowe, and that is confined to 
 regiftering his name in the roll of the Mayors of Lon- 
 don. By that it appears that he firft ferved the office 
 of Sheriff for two fucceffive years, viz. in 1223 and 
 1224, with John Tr avers, during the mayoralty of 
 Richard Benger. He was Chief Magiftrate, as before 
 ftated, from 1231 to 1237 and the following are the 
 moft remarkable events which took place in the City 
 during his long mayoralty : — 
 
 In 1232 afire broke out which deftroyed a great 
 part of the City ; notwithftanding which, King Henry 
 exaded from the Citizens ^^20,000 to obtain his 
 favour : ' probably he had not forgotten the tumult at 
 Weftminfter, three years before. This year alfo, the 
 King fent a precept to the Mayor to fummon all the 
 citizens who could bear arms to affift in taking, alive 
 or dead, the Chief Juftice Hubert from the fanftuary 
 in Merton Abbey and in bringing him to London. 
 The Citizens joyfully affembled to the number of 
 20,000, refolving to execute the order without mercy, 
 but the difference between the King and the Chief 
 Juflice was afterwards accommodated. 
 
 In 1235 Walter le Bruin the farrier had a grant of 
 a piece of ground to ered: his forge upon, for which 
 the quit-rent of counting the horfe-ftioes and hob-nails 
 is flill rendered by the Sheriffs, though the City at 
 prefent has no claim to the ground. 
 
 In 1236, on the 14th of January, was folemnized at 
 Canterbury with the utmofl magnificence, the marriage 
 of the King with Eleanor of Provence. On their way 
 to London they were met by Bokerel the Mayor with 
 
 1 Strype's Stowe, 1754, vol. ii. p. 213. 
 
1 82 COMPANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 the Aldermen and principal Citizens, to the number of 
 three hundred and fixty, riding upon ftately horfes 
 fumptuoufly accoutred and each man carrying a gold 
 or filver cup in his hand, in token of the Mayor's claim 
 to the chief butlerihip. The ftreets of the city through 
 which the cavalcade pafTed were adorned in the richeft 
 ftyle, and the Mayor attended the Sovereigns to Weft- 
 minfter and had the honour, according to cuftom, of 
 officiating as butler at the Queen's coronation. At 
 night the City was brilliantly illuminated ; and this is 
 thought to have been the moft pompous fhow that ever 
 was feen in London till that time. 
 
 This fame year the foreign merchants, who were 
 prohibited landing their goods in London and had 
 been compelled to fell them on fhip-board, purchafed 
 the liberty of landing and houfing them for 50 marks 
 per annum and a fine of _^ 100, towards fupplyingthe 
 City with water from Tybourn.' 
 
 SIR JOHN DE GISORS. 
 
 I HE remote period at 
 which the family of Gi- 
 fors flourifhed renders 
 it difficult to obtain ac- 
 curate information refpedting them. 
 As I find the name written Giforio 
 in fome of the early records, it is 
 probable that they were of Italian origin and that 
 they came to England with the Bokerels, the Bafings, 
 and other Lombards named in the Hundred-rolls or 
 
 ' Northouck's Hift. of London, 1773, p. 43- 
 
NOTICES OF EMINENT MEMBERS. 183 
 
 Inquifitions taken in the reign of Edward I. Two 
 of the family were Pepperers and Mayors of London. 
 The firft of them mentioned by Stowe is yo/in Gifors, 
 Mayor of London in 1245, 1246, 1250, and 1259; 
 the Sheriffs with him being, in 1245, Robert of Corn- 
 hill and Adam Bewley ; in 1246, Lawrence Frowicke 
 Pepperer and Simon Fitz-Mary ; in 1250, Humphrey 
 Bat and William Fitz-Richard ; and in 1259 John 
 Adrian and Robert of Cornhill. 
 
 The printed calendars of the public records furnifh us 
 with a few additions to thefe meagre notices. Among 
 the Patent-rolls in the 37th year of Henry IIL, is one 
 which empowers fohn Gifors, the King's Chamberlain 
 of London, to regulate the price of wines ; and, early 
 in the reign of Edward the Firft, in the Placita de ^0 
 Warranto, John Gifors is fummoned to anfwer the King 
 as to his making claim to tonnage and poundage in the 
 town of St. Botolph Lincoln, without the King's 
 licenfe ; he anfwered that he had fuch right (as John, 
 the fon of Nicholas, had before him) by grant from 
 fohn, Duke of Brittany ; and, thereupon, a day was 
 afligned to hear the plea. In the fame documents, 
 John Gifors, as Mayor, in the 26th year of Henry IH. 
 is faid, in conjundtion with the Corporation, to have 
 purchafed of Richard Earl of Cornwall the King's bro- 
 ther his fee-farm of Queenhithe in Thames-ftreet, with 
 all rights, cuftoms and appurtenances thereunto be- 
 longing, for which they were to pay the faid Earl a 
 quit-rent of ^50 per annum. This purchafe was ren- 
 dered valid by a charter of confirmation from King 
 Henry, which may be feen at length in Maitland's 
 Hiftory of London. 
 
 In 1245 ^'^ order was made by the Mayor that, in 
 
1 84 COMPANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 future, all houfes fliould be covered either with flates or 
 tiles, inftead of thatch, more efpecially thofe that ftood 
 together and in the principal ftreets which were then 
 but few in number ; for the heart of the Gity, where 
 Cheapfide is now fituate, was an open fpace called 
 Crown-field from the Crown inn, which ftood at the 
 eaft end of it.^ 
 
 In 1250 the King granted that the Mayor of London 
 ftiould be prefented to the Barons of the Exchequer 
 and that they fhould admit him. Sir John Giforswzs 
 the firft Mayor who had the honour of performing this 
 ceremony. 
 
 He died in the reign of Edward II., when his fon 
 and heir, John, was called on to anfwer for his father 
 as King's Coroner of London.^ By this yoAn Gifors 
 was built the noble manfion in Bafing-lane, called 
 Gerrard's or Gifors' Hall, of which there ftill remain 
 the fine ftone crypts, or vaults, now occupied by a wine- 
 merchant. They are of confiderable extent, divided; 
 into a double aifle by a row of columns which fupport 
 a feries of pointed arches, and, by their folid conftruc- 
 tion, indicate the importance of the manfion of which 
 they once formed a part.^ 
 
 Another Sir John Gifors, Mayor of London and Con- 
 ftable of the Tower in 131 1 and alfo a Pepperer, was 
 
 ^ Stowe's Annals. 
 
 ^ Placita de ^0 Warranto^ 14 Ed. li. The original runs thus :— 
 " IJiifuerunt Coronatores poji ultimum iter, viz. Johes de Gifors obiitper. 
 quo. Johes films ejus et hares re/pond." 
 
 ^ This beautiful relic of antiquity has been deftroyed, to make way 
 for the new and wide ftreet leading from King William-ftreet,' Lon- 
 don Bridge, to St. Paul's. I vifited it when cleared out, and being 
 ftruck with its beautiful proportions, lament its Ipfs. — J.B.H., 1853. 
 
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 X 
 
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 O 
 Ul 
 
 o 
 o 
 
 Q 
 
 < 
 
 a: 
 
 LU 
 
 o 
 
NOTICES OF EMINENT MEMBERS. 185 
 
 grandfon, as we may prefume from the date, of the firft 
 John. He was one of the reprefentatives of the City 
 in the Parliament held at Weftminfter in the year 
 1 3 1 5 and alfo refided in the manfion in Bafing-lane ; 
 but having affumed, in his Magiftracy, the illegal power 
 of taxing the Citizens, complaints of his condu(5l were 
 made to the King and he was obliged to abfcond. 
 Nothing more of him is known but that he died in 
 1329 and was buried in our Lady's Chapel Chrift 
 Church in the ward of Farringdon Within. 
 
 SIR ALAN DE LA ZOUCHE. 
 
 IC: 0,p O 
 
 ': Oi„o 
 
 ""P',0 
 
 :IR ALAN DE LA 
 
 ZOUCHE is one of the 
 
 earlieft, as well as one 
 
 of the moft illuftrious 
 members attached to this Company. 
 His defcent was noble, as will be feen 
 by the following extradt : — 
 
 ZoUCHE OF ASHBY. 
 
 xft Baron — King Richard 1. William de la Zouche, 
 defcended from the Earls of Brittany, 
 obt.Jine prole, 1 199- 
 
 2d Baron — King John. Roger de la Zouche, brother 
 and heir, living in 1229. 
 
 3d Baron — King Henry IIL Jlan de la Zouche, fon 
 and heir, died in 1270. He was a 
 Citizen and Pepperer, and twice Mayor 
 of London, during the reign of Henry 
 IIL in the years 1267 and 1268. 
 
 B B 
 
1 86 COMPANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 This barony is now in abeyance between the defcend- 
 ants and reprefentatives of Elene and Maud, daughters 
 of A/an de la Zouche, grandfon of the Alan above- 
 mentioned ; which grandfon was Baron by writ, from 
 the 6th of February of the 27th year of Edward I. to 
 the 26th of November of the 7th year of Edward II. 
 The mode of Sir Alan's eledlion to the office of Mayor 
 feems to have been rather fummary : — In 1267, a dif- 
 ference happened between the Magiftrates and the 
 Commonalty of London refpedling the eledtion of a 
 Mayor ; for which purpofe a folk-mote being affem- 
 bled, the Aldermen and chief citizens declared for 
 Alan de la Zouche, and the Commons for Thomas 
 Fitz-Thomas, who was at that time a ftate prifoner in 
 Windfor Caftle. De la Zouche' s party, who feared this 
 oppofition, had previoufly engaged Sir Robert Leydorne, 
 a bold and enterprifing courtier, to come to their 
 affiftance. He accordingly repaired with his friends 
 and followers to the place of eledtion and, falling furi- 
 oufly upon the naked Commons, feized many of them 
 and had them committed to prifon. This put a flop 
 to all further oppofition and De la Zouche was declared 
 duly eledted.^ 
 
 Burton, in his Hiftory of Leicefterfhire, fpeaking of 
 Afhby de la Zouche in that county, (" fo called from 
 the Zouches, fome time Lords thereof") mentions the 
 family of Zouche, as defcended from GefFery, fecond 
 fon of Alan Vifcount de Rohan, in Little Brittaine in 
 France, by Conftance, daughter and heirefs of Conan 
 the Grofs, Duke of Brittaine, by Maud his wife, natu- 
 ral daughter of King Henry I." 
 
 ' Fabian's Chronicle, p. 7. 
 
NOTICES OF EMINENT MEMBERS. 187 
 
 Banks ^ fays that ^/an de la Zouche, in the 45th 
 year of Henry III. obtained a charter for a weekly 
 market at his manor of Afhby de la Zouche and in 
 the fame year was conftituted Warden of all the King's 
 forefts fouth of Trent ; and foon after a Juftice itine- 
 rant for the counties of Southampton, Bucks, and 
 Northampton. Furthermore he flood firm to King 
 Henry in the contentions between him and his rebel- 
 lious Barons, whereby he was in fuch favour, that in 
 the 51ft year of that King, he obtained the redemption 
 of the Lordihips of Tonge in Salop and of Aylefton in 
 the county of Leicefler, for the benefit of his nieces 
 Orabel and Margerie, daughters of William de Han- 
 court, who had forfeited the fame for his adherence to 
 the King's enemies. 
 
 This Alan^ (as is reported by Thomas Wilks Canon 1267. 
 of Oufeney in his annals) having authority granted zouche. 
 unto him by King Henry III,, amongft other Com- 
 miffioners of the nobility, to convent certain perfons 
 to be examined upon feveral articles, but efpecially by 
 what right and title they held their lands, John Earl 
 Tie Warrenne and Surrey was fummoned among the 
 reft, who being demanded by the faid commiffioners 
 by what title he held certain lands in his pofleffion, 
 fuddenly drew out his fword and faid, — " By this my 
 grandfather held his lands, and with this will I keep 
 them ; " and, being reproved by the faid Alan de la 
 Zouche for this his mifdemeanor, after fome interchange 
 of words pafled between them, he made an aflault upon 
 the faid Alan and fore wounded him as he fat in Weft- iz68. 
 
 * Extinft and Dormant Peerage, vol. ii. p. 617. 
 
 * Nichol's Hiftory of Leicefter, vol. iii. p. 565. 
 
i88 
 
 COMPANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 minfter Hall, of which wound he foon after died.* 
 Thefe circumftances are alfo related by feveral of our 
 hiftorians, but " in this," fays Dugdale, " they are mif- 
 taken, he being only wounded, as was alfo Roger his 
 fon, (at the fame time with him,) as appears by the 
 inquilition taken after his death which fhews that he 
 died nearly two years after, being then feized of the 
 manor of North Multon in Devonftiire, and alfo of 
 the manor of Afliby De la Zouche in Leicefterfhire, 
 held of the heir of the Earl of Winton by the fervice 
 of a knight's fee and that Roger De la Zouche his fon 
 and heir was twenty-eight years old." It appears alfo 
 that the Ear/ de Warrenne entered into a recognizance 
 upon forfeiture of all his lands and goods to Edward 
 the King's fon to ftand to the doom of the King's 
 Court for the trefpafs done to Sir Alan de la Xouche and 
 Roger his fon, in Weftminfter Hall. 
 
 HAMMOND CHIKWELL. 
 
 Edward IL 
 1319, 1321 
 
 AMMOND CHIK- 
 WELL, Pepperer, was 
 fix times Mayor of Lon- 
 don, during the reign of 
 ; namely, in the years 
 , 1322, 1324, 1325, and 
 1327. The periods at 
 
 finally in ^ 
 
 which he prefided over the City as its Chief Magiftrate 
 
 were fi:ormy and tumultuous, and he appears, by his 
 
 ' Matthew ofWeftminfter. Flores Hiftoriarum, lib. ii. p. 165. 
 
NOTICES OF EMINENT MEMBERS. 189 
 
 aftivlty and decifion, to have efFedlually maintained 
 order and tranquillity, thereby fecuring to himfelf the 
 approbation of his fellow citizens. In 1321 the 
 Parliament aflembled in London for the purpofe of 
 impeaching thofe two unworthy favourites of Edward 
 II. the Spencers ; and the nobility, coming to town 
 attended by great numbers of armed men, who to- 
 gether compofed a conliderable army, took up their 
 quarters in the fuburbs of the City. Such dangerous 
 neighbours obliged the Civic authorities to take pre- 
 cautions for their fafety and the Mayor appointed a 
 guard of a thoufand Citizens, completely armed, to be 
 ftationed at the gates and other places of the City from 
 four in the morning till fix in the evening ; thefe were 
 relieved by a night watch, and two Aldermen attended 
 by proper officers, patrolled the ftreets during the 
 night.' Thefe precautions, however, were unavaihng, 
 for the King, unable to oppofe the haughty Barons, 
 gave them leave to enter his Capital with their whole 
 army, and could not get clear of their threats until he 
 had ratified an Adt of Parliament for the baniihment 
 of the Spencers, father and fon.* 
 
 Chikwell's devotion to the Court difplayed itfelf by 
 an ad which even the unbridled licenfe of the times 
 cannot juftify : it is thus related in a traft entitled. The 
 Hijiory of the Moji Unfortunate Prince, King Edward 
 11.^ "The Queen, being informed that the King 
 had forfaken his Royal chamber, and had ftolen a flight 
 to Briftol, (he foon apprehends and lays hold of the 
 
 ' Maitland's Hiftory of London, vol. i. p. Ii8. 
 ^ Thomas Walk's Hiftory of England. 
 2 Harleian Mifcellany, vol. 
 
 1. 
 
I90 COMPANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 advantage, addreffing a fair but mandatory letter to the 
 Mayor to keep the City to the ufe of her and her fon 
 that was like to be his Sovereign. The inconftant 
 Citizens that ever cleave to the ftronger party, are eafily 
 perfuaded and entreated. Stapleton, Bijhop of Exeter, 
 that forefaw and feared the danger, fummoned the 
 Mayor to furrender him the keys of the gates for his 
 affurance. Chikwell, that was then Mayor, incenfed 
 with the imperioufnefs and injuftice of this demand, 
 apprehends this inconfiderate Bifhop, and, without 
 refped: to his place or dignity, makes his head the 
 facrifice to appeafe the angry Commons. This adt 
 had engaged him too far to recoil; he muft now 
 wholly adhere to the Queen's faaion. Four of the 
 graveft and moft fubftantial burghers are fent to let her 
 truly underftand their devotion. They are gracioufly 
 and lovingly received, and the Mayor has thanks for 
 his late bloody ad, which was ftiled an excellent piece 
 ofjuftice."^ 
 
 Edward II. was imprifoned at Kenilworth in 1327; 
 the Spencers were executed and Queen Ifabel and her 
 fon joyfully received in London. 
 
 Chikwell Aitdi in 1328 and was buried in St. Paul's 
 Cathedral, " in the north weft walk, againft the 
 choir."' 
 
 ' The bifliop was feized near the north door of St. Paul's, and exe- 
 cuted in Cheapfide. — Maitland. 
 ^ Stowe's Survaie of London. 
 
NOTICES OF EMINENT MEMBERS. 191 
 
 ANDREW AUBERY. 
 
 iNDREW AUBERY, 
 
 Pepperer, was thrice 
 
 Mayor of London in the 
 
 reign of Edward III. 
 namely, in 1339, 1340, and 1351, 
 and one of the burgeffes for the City 
 in the Parliament held in 1337. ^^ 
 appears to have enjoyed, to an extraordinary degree, the 
 confidence of his Sovereign and the efteem of his fellow 
 citizens. The former he, no doubt, obtained in confe- 
 quence of the zeal and firmnefs which he difplayed in 
 the prefervation of the peace and good order of the City, 
 during the three years that he was its Chief Magiftrate. 
 The King, having refolved to go abroad in 1399,^ 
 granted a commiffion to the Mayor, Aldermen and 
 Commonalty of London for the confervation of the 
 peace inthe City during his abfence and invefted them 
 with power to caufe due and fpeedy punifhment to be 
 done upon any malefadlors and difturbers of the peace in 
 the faid City.'' Soon after the King's departure, a con- 
 teft arofe between the Companies of the Skinners and 
 Fifhmongers which terminated in a bloody fkirmifh 
 in the ftreets. The Mayor, with his officers, haftened 
 to the place of riot and apprehended feveral of the dif- 
 turbers of the peace as required by his office and duty ; 
 but Thomas Haunfart and John le Bruere, with fome of 
 
 1 Rymer's Foedera. 
 
 " Maitland's Hiftory of London. 
 
192 COMPANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 their accomplices, refifted the power of the Magiftrates 
 and not only refcued the malefadtors, but Thomas, with 
 a drawn fword, violently affaulted Andrew Aubery the 
 Mayor, endeavoured to overthrow him and, in the 
 meanwhile, the faid John grievoufly wounded one of 
 the City officers. They were, after a ftruggle, fecured 
 and conveyed without delay to the Guildhall, where 
 they were indidted and tried before the Mayor and 
 Aldermen. Having feverally pleaded guilty, they were 
 condemned to die and being forthwith conveyed to 
 Weft Chepe or Chepefide, were there beheaded. This 
 feverity of the Mayor was fo well timed for the prefer- 
 vation of peace within the City and for preventing the 
 riots and outrages, fo frequent in thofe days, that it 
 gave great fatisfadtion to the King, who, with his own 
 hand, on the fourth of June at the Tower, figned the 
 following patent in juftification and commendation of 
 what had been done : — 
 
 " We confidering, if fo great rafhnefs of the fore- 
 faid Thomas and John had been paiTed over unpu- 
 nifhed, it had yielded boldnefs to others of doing the 
 like things, and fo thinking the faid punifhment very 
 feafonable for the confervation of our peace, and to be 
 well done ; and willing, by the confideration aforefaid, 
 that the Mayor, Sheriffs, Aldermen, and Commonalty 
 be fecure ; and to provide that they be not troubled by 
 reafon hereof in future times, what hath been done by 
 the Mayor, Sheriffs, &c. as much as belongs to us, we 
 approve and confirm. So that they may not hereafter 
 be fued, either by ourfelves, our heirs, fuccelTors or our 
 Juftices, on occafion of thefe deaths." — " T"^^ Rege 
 apud Turrim. Lond. 4 June." 
 
 ' Record in the Tower. 
 
NOTICES OF EMINENT MEMBERS. 193 
 
 Aubery appears alfo to have been very popular with 
 the foreign merchants eftablifhed in the City, for they 
 raifed among themfelves a contribution amounting to 
 fifty marks, which they gave towards the fupport of 
 his Mayoralty. 
 
 The following extracts from the Chronicle of Lon- 
 don, in the Britifh Mufeum, relating to this Mayoralty, 
 are very curious : — 
 
 "This fame yere (1340) the kyng held his parle- 
 ment at London ; and he axed to begynne hife werres 
 the fyfthe part of alle the moeble goodes of Engelond, 
 and the cuftume of woUes, and the ix fchef of every 
 manere of corn, the which was graunted. And in this 
 yere the kyng changed hife armys : and alfo the kyng 
 made the coyne of goold ; that is for to feyne the noble, 
 the half noble, and the ferthyng. And this yere was 
 called the firfte yere oft oure kyng of the regne of 
 Fraunce." 
 
 " In this yere of oure lord a m'ccclj the kyng made 
 newe moneye ; that is to feye grotes, and half grotes, 
 and penyes: nathelefs the weyte was lafse be vs. in 
 the pound than the olde ftarlyng. Alfo in this yere 
 two fysfhmongers were beheded at the ftandard in 
 Chepe." 
 
 c c 
 
194 
 
 COMPANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 SIR NICHOLAS BREMBER. 
 
 ' F the family of Sir Nicho- 
 las Br ember I have been 
 able to difcover little ; 
 but, that he was a man 
 of great confequence in his time is 
 certain, for he took a confpicuous part 
 in the troubles which fhook this king- 
 dom to the centre in the reign of Richard II. He was 
 four times Mayor of London, namely in 1377, 1383, 
 1384, and 1385 ; and Member of Parliament for the 
 City in 1382. He received the honour of knighthood 
 from the hand of King Richard II., at the fame time 
 with the celebrated Sir William Walworth.* 
 
 The affertion fo frequently made refpedling the 
 partiality of hiftorians in narrating fad:s connedled with 
 eminent perfons and colouring them according to their 
 own political prejudices, is particularly borne out in 
 the cafe of Sir Nicholas Brember. Maitland'^ calls 
 him " a perfidious and cruel man," and " one of the 
 wicked favourites of Richard," while Pennant' ftyles 
 him " the ftout Mayor who fufFered for his attachment 
 to his Royal mafter," and Hume,* who, in feeling and 
 indignant terms, alludes to the mockery of the trial at 
 which he was condemned, confiders him as one of thofe 
 
 ^ Stowe's Survaie. Edition 1633, p. 557, 
 
 ^ Hiftory of London, vol. i. p. 179. 
 
 ^ Account of London. 
 
 * Hiftory of England, vol. iii. 
 
NOriCES OF EMINENT MEMBERS. 195 
 who was treated by the fadion of the ambitious Duke 
 of Gloucefter " without any regard to reafon, juftice, 
 or humanity." Grafton in his Chronicle, mentions him 
 as " a worthie and puiflant man of the City, which 
 was the King's draper, called Nicholas Brember." It 
 is not my intention to make any attempt to reconcile 
 thefe contradidions ; I will, therefore, content myfelf 
 with giving a brief narrative of the events in which 
 Sir Richard was concerned, and leave my readers to 
 draw their own conclufions, entreating them, at the 
 fame time, to bear in mind that he hved at a period 
 when " the laws were fo feebly executed that no 
 fubjed could truft to their proteftion," * when men 
 openly aflbciated themfelves under the banner of one 
 or other of the great political parties of the day, which 
 parties were confidered legitimate in proportion to the 
 fuccefs they obtained. This was particularly obfervable 
 in the following reign, when Henry IV. patched up 
 his title to the Crown in the beft manner he could, and 
 became the lawful fovereign of England with no ground 
 of right but his prefent poffeffion. 
 
 " lUe crucem fceleris pretium tulit, hie diadema." 
 
 The firft remarkable event which occurred in 1377, 
 was a dangerous riot occafioned by the condudl of the 
 Lord Piercey, Marflial of England, who committed a 
 Citizen of London to his prifon of the Marihalfea, con- 
 trary to the rights and immunities of the City. The 
 Mayor and Common Council affembled to deliberate 
 upon the affair ; but, in the meanwhile, the populace, 
 having learned that one of their fellow citizens was in 
 
 ' Hume, vol. ii. page 62. 
 
196 COMPANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 durefs and being inftigated by the Lord Fifzwa/ter, the 
 City ftandard-bearer, broke open the Marfhalfea, libe- 
 rated the prifoner and fpoiled the Marflhal's houfe ; 
 they then ran to the Savoy, a palace inhabited, at that 
 time, by the King's fon th Duke of hanc after, to attack 
 it. They had a grudge againft him, on account of his 
 having endeavoured, in parliament, to abridge the liber- 
 ties of the City, by having the office of Mayor aboliflied 
 and a Cujios, as in ancient times, fet over it, and alfo 
 by giving the Marfhal liberty of arreft therein. The 
 Duke, having notice of their approach, efcaped, but a 
 prieft was murdered by the mob, under the idea that 
 he vi^as Lord Piercey, in difguife.^ 
 
 The Mayor and Commonalty, apprehenfive that a 
 ftorm would burft upon the City in confequence of 
 thefe events, fent a deputation of their principal citizens 
 to deprecate the King's wrath. They produced a mo- 
 mentary impreffion upon the Royal mind; but the lower 
 orders, whofe diflike of the Duke of Lancafter was 
 unconquerable, continuing to infult him by means of 
 lampoons and pafquinades, the Mayor and Aldermen 
 were fummoned to attend the King at Sheen, for the 
 purpofe of apologifing to the Duke in the City's name. 
 They entreated the King not to permit the innocent to 
 fuffer for the guilty, and offered to ufe every exertion 
 to difcover and bring to punifhment the delinquents, 
 but they declined the apology : the refult was, that 
 Adam Staple, the Mayor, and feveral of the Aldermen, 
 were difmifled from their offices ; and others, by the 
 King's writ, appointed in their places. Sir Nicholas 
 Brember was then named Mayor. 
 
 Stowe's Annals. 
 
NOTICES OF EMINENT MEMBERS. 197 
 
 A few weeks after this event, Richard II. afcended 
 the throne, and Sir Richard, with the affiftance of 
 ParUament, fucceeded in obtaining a confirmation of 
 the City's charter aad the King's interference for the 
 accommodation of the difpute with the Duke of Lan- 
 cafter, which was brought about without any compro- 
 mife of dignity on either part. 
 
 In 1383, the fecond year of Brember's mayoralty, 
 the City charter received further confirmation and addi- 
 tions, as was announced to the citizens in a remarkable 
 proclamation iffued by Sir Richard, " on the Friday 
 after the feaft of the B. V. Mary and in the feventh 
 year of the King." ' Great and beneficial changes alfo 
 took place in the Common Council, which, it was 
 ordered, fhould confift of " fufficient perfons," four of 
 whom the Aldermen were ordained to caufe to be chofen 
 from each Ward, in lieu of the ancient mode of taking 
 them from certain myfteries or crafts. By means of ^/r 
 Nicholas Brember, moil of the Aldermen were turned 
 out by the Common Council and new ones eledted in 
 the refpedtive wards. The return of the Lord Mayor 
 himfelf, for the Ward of Bread-ftreet is thus recorded ; 
 — " Bread Strete—Dominiis Nicolas. Brembre, Miles, 
 eleStus eji in Alderman. Wardce prddiBce, per probos 
 homines ejufdem Wardce." 
 
 The maladminiftration of affairs by De la Bole Earl 
 o/"*S«^/i the Chancellor and Robert De Vere Duke of 
 Ireland, widened the breach which then exifled be- 
 tween the King and his Nobles. Thefe favourites faw 
 the impoffibility of engroffing the royal favour during 
 the life of the Duke of Gloucefter, uncle to the King, 
 
 ' Maitland, vol. i. 
 
198 COMPANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 and they entered into a confpiracy to kill him, Si'r 
 Nicholas Brember is faid to have been concerned in it ; 
 and when the Duke, who fecretly aflembled his adhe- 
 rents atHornfey, got poiTeffion of the King's perfon, 
 Suffolk, the Duke of Ireland, Trejilian and Brember, 
 were declared traitors and enemies to the ftate. A 
 charge of thirty-nine articles was delivered in by the 
 Duke and his friends, but none of the accufed, ex- 
 cept Sir Nicholas, being in cuftody, the reft were cited 
 to appear,' and, upon their abfenting themfelves, the 
 Houfe of Peers, after a very fhort interval, without 
 hearing a witnefs, without examining a fadl, or delibe- 
 rating on one point of law, declared them guilty of 
 high treafon. Sir Nicholas Brember, who was pro- 
 duced in court, had the appearance, and but the appear- 
 ance, of a trial : he denied the charges, and inli{^ed, as 
 a knight, on the privilege of defending himfelf by 
 fingle combat, but this was refufed to him,^ His 
 words, on this occafion, deferve to be recorded : — 
 " Whoever has branded me with this ignominious 
 mark, with him I am ready to fight in the lifts to 
 maintain my innocency, whenfoever the King ftiall 
 appoint. And this he fpoke with fuch a fury that his 
 eyes fparkled with rage and he breathed as if an iEtna 
 had laid hid in his breaft, chufing rather to die glori- 
 oufly in the field than difgracefully on a gibbet." 
 The Peers, though they were not, by law, his proper 
 judges, pronounced, in a very fummary manner, fen- 
 tence of death upon him.* He was adjudged to be 
 
 ' Hume, vol. ii. 
 
 * Malham's Hiftory of England, vol. i. 
 ' Harleian Mifcellany. 
 
 * Maitland's Hiftory of London, vol. i. 
 
NOTICES OF EMINENT MEMBERS. 199 
 
 drawn and hanged, which fentence was accordingly 
 executed upon him at Tyburn.' Froijfart thus alludes 
 to the death of Sir Nicholas : — " His dethe was fore 
 complayned of fome men of London, for he hadde 
 been Mayre of London before, and had well governed 
 his ofFyce, and dyde one day great honour to the Kyng, 
 whan he flewe, with his owne handes Lyfter, whereby 
 alle the rebelles were difconfyted, and for that good 
 fervyce the Kyng made hym knyght."* He was after- 
 wards buried in Chrift Church Newgate-ftreet, where 
 a monument was eredted to his memory. 
 
 The following extract from an ancient Chronicle of 
 London, dated 1377, is curious, and I give it in its 
 original ftate : — 
 
 " Nicholl Brembre, Groc', m'^ Andr'. Pykeman, 
 Nicoll Twyford, Sheriffs. 
 
 " In this yere was graunted to the kyng of every 
 perfone, man and woman, above the age of xiiij yere, 
 iiij d ; and of every man of holy chirche avaunced xij d. 
 and of every man nought avaunced iiij d. freres only 
 except. And this fame yere the cardynall of Engelond 
 was fmyten with the palfye and lofte his fpeche, and 
 upon Marie Magdaleyne day he dyde. Alfo in this 
 yere, the xij day of Aprill, S"^ John Mynftreworth 
 knyght was beheded. Alfo in this yere, in the xij 
 kal' of JuU, that is for to feye on feynt Albones even, 
 at Schene, deyde the mooft excellent and doughted 
 prynce Edward the thridde ; the whiche Richard, the 
 fone of the goode prynce Edward the fone of the fayde 
 kyng Edward, at the age of xj yere began to reigne : 
 
 1 Stowe's Survaie. 
 
 - The Chronycle of Froyflart, vol. ii. p. 393. 
 
200 
 
 COMPANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 the whiche forfaid kyng Edward lyth ryally entered at 
 Weflm'.'" 
 
 SIR JOHN PHILPOT. 
 
 IR JOHN PHILPOT 
 
 was born in Kent, at 
 
 Upton-Court in the pa- 
 
 rilh of Sibbert's Wood ; 
 he was a Citizen and Grocer, and 
 became Lord Mayor of London in 
 1378. 
 
 The following account of him, by Weever,^ is 
 quaintly and curioufly worded, and I give it verbatim : — 
 " Sibbertfwood Kent. 
 " In this church are fome ancient Monuments (but 
 now without Infcriptions) eredted to the memory of the 
 Philipots, or Philpots, a familie which hath refided 
 here a long time at Vpton Court, within this Parifh ; 
 of which name and family was that renowned Lord 
 Maior of London, Sir John Philpot, knighted in the 
 field by King Richard the fecond, together with Sir 
 WiUiam Wallworth, then Maior, and other Aldermen, 
 for the good feruice they performed againft Watt 
 Tylar and his complices. Rebels of Kent and EfTex. 
 This Sir John gaue to the city certaine lands for the 
 finding of thirteene poore people for euer. It is like- 
 wife remembered of him, to his eternall honour, that 
 
 ' Rex Edwardus Tertius, 1377, p. 71, Chronicle of London. 
 " Monumenta Funerea, p. 266. 
 
NOTICES OF EMINENT MEMBERS. 201 
 
 Ann. 2. R. 2. he manned forth a Fleete at his own 
 charges, to fcoure the narrow Seas of fuch Scottifti, 
 French, and Spanifh Pyrats, as had done much villany 
 by their often incurfions, to many of our EngHfli Ports 
 and Harbours ; with which he not onely guarded both 
 water and Land from their intoUerable violences, but 
 alfo tooke their prime Captaine, one John Mercer a 
 Scot, with all his whole Nauie, confifting of Fifteene 
 Spanifh fhips, all being fraught with very rich com- 
 modities. Which memorable atchieuement, as it was 
 right worthily applauded, extolled, and admired of all 
 the faithfuU Commonaltie ; fo was it moft wrongfully 
 vnderualued, enuied and drawne into queftion by fome 
 of the flothfuU Nobilitie." 
 
 Another verfion of PMpot's courageous condudt, on 
 this occafion, is as follows : — 
 
 " Jo/in Mercer, a merchant of Scotland, who ufed to 
 trade with France and was in great favour with the 
 King of that country on account of his prudence and 
 good fervices, when returning home to Scotland in the 
 year 1 377, was driven by ftrefs of weather upon the 
 coaft of England, feized, and confined in the Caflle of 
 Scarburgh, till an order from Court effedled his dif- 
 charge. His fon, to revenge the injury, cruifed before 
 Scarburgh with a fleet compofed of French, Scots, and 
 Spaniards, and took feveral vefTels. John Philpot, an 
 opulent citizen of London, thereupon took upon him- 
 felf the protedlion of the trade of the kingdom, neg- 
 lefted by the Duke of Lancafler, who, without the 
 name of Regent, governed the kingdom in the minority 
 of his nephew and, having hired a thoufand armed 
 men, fent them to fea in fearch of Mercer, whom they 
 
 D D 
 
202 COMPANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 took, together with his prizes and fifteen Spaniih vef- 
 fels, his conforts, all richly loaded."^ 
 
 It fhould, however, in juftice be ftated, that Richard 
 II. as a reward for his fervices, gave him an eilate of 
 £^0 per annum.'' 
 
 Sir 'John Philpot was, likewife, an honeft and inde- 
 pendent Member of Parliament ; for, about the year 
 1377,3 "when a bill was brought in, in the name 
 of the King, by means of the offended Duke of Lan- 
 cafter, that the City ihould be no more governed by a 
 Mayor but by a Cufios, as in times before, and that the 
 Marfhall of England, who was then Lord Percie, fhould 
 have all the power of making arrefts within the City, 
 with other petitions tending to the like derogation* of 
 the liberties of the City, he flood up and faid. Such a 
 matter was never heard of before, and that the Mayor 
 of London would never fuffer any fuch arrefl to be 
 brought into the City ; with much more words of the 
 like floutnefs." 
 
 Sir John Philpot had a handfome refidence in Lang- 
 bourne Ward, upon the fite of the prefent Philpot-lane, 
 which was named after him. He departed this life in 
 1 384, and was buried in Chrifl Church"_^Newgate-flreet, 
 together with the Lady Jane Stamford, his wife.^ 
 
 ^ Macpherfon's Annals of Commerce, vol. i. page 587. 
 
 2 Speed. 
 
 ' Strype. 
 
 * Stowe's Survaie. 
 
NOTICES OF EMINENT MEMBERS. 203 
 
 JOHN CHURCHMAN. 
 
 ^OHN CHURCHMAN, 
 
 Grocer, ferved the office 
 
 ofSherifFin 1385, during 
 
 the mayoralty of Sir Ni- 
 cholas BremSer, and to him the trade of 
 London is indebted for the eftablifli- 
 ment of the firft Cuftom-houfe. Whe- 
 ther that fad: is of itfelf fufficient to juftify his being 
 handed down to pofterity as a favourer and fupporter of 
 commerce, is a queftion which I fhall not attempt to 
 decide ; but his claims to the remembrance of the Com. 
 pany reft on a different bafis. It is to him, undoubt- 
 edly, that the Grocers are indebted for the management 
 of the Weighhoufe and the King's Beam, which were 
 entrufted to them, and from which, for many years, 
 they derived both emolument and patronage. I con- 
 jedlure this from the following pafTage in Strype : ^ — 
 " I read that, in the 6th year of Richard II. Jo/m 
 Churchman, Grocer, for the quiet of Merchants, did 
 newly build a certain houfe upon the key called Wool- 
 wharf in Tower-Street-Ward, AUhallows Barking 
 parifh, betwixt the tenement of Paul Salijbury on the 
 eaft part and the lane called the Watergate, on the 
 weft, to ferve for troynage * or weighing of wools in 
 the port of London ; whereupon the King granted 
 
 ' Vol. i. p. 513. 
 
 - Before Churchman built the above, the tronage of wool was at 
 Woolchurch-Haw by Stock's Market. 
 
204 COMPANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 that, during the life of the aforefaid John, the faid 
 troynage fhould be held and kept in the fame houfe, 
 with eafements there for fhe beames and weights, and a 
 convenient place for the cuftomer, comptrollers, clerks, 
 and other officers of the faid troynage, together with 
 ingrefs and egrefs to and from the fame, even as was 
 had in other places where the faid troynage was wont 
 to be kept, and that the King fhould pay yearly to the 
 faid John, during his life, 40 {hillings, at Eafter and 
 Michaelmas by even portions, by the hands of his 
 Cuftomer, or farmer of the Cuftoms, without any other 
 payment to the faid John, as in the faid indenture more 
 at large thereof appeareth," It is more than probable 
 that Churchman, being unable of himfelf to control 
 and manage fo confiderable a concern as the public 
 fcale, was induced to obtain the affiftance of the Com- 
 pany to which he belonged ; and as this Company, at 
 a period when commerce was reftridled to few hands, 
 was of the firft importance in the port of London, the 
 King muft have found it highly advantageous to him 
 to commit the management of the Weighhoufe and 
 the appointment of the officers conneded with it, to fo 
 influential a body. The Court of Aldermen more 
 than once laid claim to the management of the Weigh- 
 houfe on the part of the City and occafional difcuffions 
 with the Company took place in confequence ; but the 
 latter retained their influence until the privilege fell 
 into defuetude and the public fcale gradually came into 
 the hands of the government. 
 
 The general Weighhoufe and King's Beam were in 
 Cornhill, upon the fite of the prefent Sun-Court, the 
 houfes in which are the property of the Grocers' Com- 
 pany. 
 
NOTICES OF EMINENT MEMBERS. 205 
 
 SIR THOMAS KNOLLES. 
 
 [HOUGH none of this ^ ^J^^ M 
 family," fays Dugdale, LL^i..y ^^3 
 " arrived to the honor of ^■^W.»;*!s^!^M 
 Peerage till the begin- ^^MMa^H^ 
 ning of King James his reign, yet ^^ ^ ^^^ y 
 were fome of them men of great note ^^^^^F 
 in their times, for Robert Knolles (an- "^ 
 
 ceftor of Sir Thomas), who was at firft a perfon but of 
 low fortune, betaking himfelf to a military courfe of 
 life, made fuch advantage by the troubles in Normandy 
 and Brittany, that, in the 3 2d year of King Edward 
 the Third, abounding with riches gotten by the wars, 
 he became an eminent Commander in thofe parts. He 
 was, thereupon, chofen by Prince Edward (commonly 
 called the Black Prince), to accompany him into Spain, 
 to the aid of Don Pedro, then King of Caftile and 
 Leon, againft Henry the Baftard, fon of King Al- 
 fonfo." 
 
 Sir Thomas Knolles, a member of the Grocers' Com- 
 pany, was twice Lord Mayor, namely, in 1399 and in 
 1410, and was like wife a benefadtor to it. By his 
 will, dated 12th July 1432, he bequeathed them a 
 mefTuage in St. Antholin's Budge-Row, " for a pure 
 and perpetual alms for the fupport and relief of the 
 poor of the faid Company." 
 
 He re-edified, at his own coft, the faid church of 
 St. Antholin's, and was buried there. His fon, Thomas 
 
2o6 CO MP ANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 Knolles, caufed the following doggrel epitaph to be 
 infcribed on his tomb : — 
 
 Here lyth grauyn vndyr this fton 
 Thomas Knowles both flefh and bon 
 Grocer, and Alderman yeres fortye 
 Sheriff, and twis Maior truly : 
 And for he (hold not ly alone, 
 Here lyth wyth him his good wyff Jone : 
 They weren togeder fixty yere ; 
 And nineteen children they had in feer 
 Now ben they gon wee them mifs : 
 Chrift haue here fowlys to heuen blifs. Amen. 
 Ob. Ann. 14 
 
 The following quaint extradt is from the ancient 
 Chronicle of London, in MS. in the Britifh Mufeum, 
 from 1089 to 1483 : — 
 
 " This yere was the fight in Smythefeld betuen 
 Glouceftre and Artour, for wordes that Glouceftre 
 hadde appeled Arthur of: and whanne they hadde well 
 foughten, the kyng tok the bataille into his hond, and 
 wolde lete them feighte no more. Alfo this yere, on 
 feynt Petres even, was gret debate in Brigge ftreet 
 betuen the lord Thomas men and men of London. 
 Alfo in this yere comen ambaffatours to the kyng fro 
 the duke of Burgoyne, for to have men out of Enge- 
 lond to helpe hym in werre ayeyns the duke of Orly- 
 ons : but the kyng wolde no men grauntte, for which 
 the ambaflatores fpaken thereof to the prynce : and he 
 fente to the duke of Burgoyne the erle of Arundell 
 and the lord Cobbeham, with othere lordes and gen- 
 tyles, with a faire retenewe and well arrayed peple. 
 Alfo this yere the Yeldhalle of London was begonne to 
 make newe. Alfo in this yere the duke of Burgoyne, 
 with help of Englysfhmen, fclewe moche peple of the 
 
NOTICES OF EMINENT MEMBERS. 207 
 
 dukes of Orlyons at the brigge of Seyntclowe. Alfo 
 in this fame yere was Rys Dye, fquyer, of Walys, 
 drawen, hanged, and beheded, and quartred, and the 
 quarters falted." — P. 187. 
 
 William Knolles, defcended from the fame common 
 anceftor as Sir Thomas, was, by letters patent of the 
 13th May 1603, in the firft year of King James the 
 Firft, created a Baron of the Realm by the title of 
 Lord Knolles of Grays, in the county of Oxon, firft 
 Vifcount Walling ford, Earl of Banbury, in the county 
 of Oxford, on the i8th of Auguft 1626. This Wil- 
 liam died, without legitimate iffue, in 1632, when all 
 his honours became extin(S. 
 
 This Earldom was claimed, in 1813,^ by General 
 William Knolles, as heir male of Nicholas, fon and 
 heir of the Earl, of whofe legitimacy there was much 
 doubt ; and the Houfe of Lords decided, March the 
 9th 1 8 1 3, that the petitioner had not made good his 
 claim, and, confequently, eftabliftied the illegitimacy 
 of the faid Nicholas. 
 
 * Nicholas's Synopfis of the Peerage. 
 
2o8 COMPANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 SIR ROBERT AND SIR THOMAS 
 CHICHELEY. 
 
 WO individuals of this 
 
 ancient family have been 
 
 diftinguifhed members 
 
 of the Company and the 
 following is the beft account I have 
 been able to obtain of their origin : — 
 Thomas Chichele of Higham Fer- 
 rers, the father of Henry Chichele, Archbifhop of Can- 
 terbury, w^as of low extradtion and of mean ftation in 
 life.^ He is commonly imagined to have been a tailor 
 and it is probable that this idea originated in the infult 
 offered to his fon, by one of the courtiers of Henry VI. 
 who fent him a prefent of a rag pie, though there is 
 nothing in the mode of relating the ftory which fixes 
 upon the father the trade of a tailor.* In the older 
 pedigrees, particularly that in the Harleian Colledtion, 
 fome of his anceftors are mentioned as eftabliflied at 
 Higham Ferrers, though their rank and ftation in the 
 
 ' Stemmata Chicheleana. 
 
 ^ " One of the courtiers in Henry the 6th's time fent, by one of 
 the King's Servants as from the King, a pye full of rags, as a prefent 
 to Cardinal Chichele, as a fcorn to his extraction, fon of a broker or 
 draper. The Cardinal received the meffenger very civilly, defired him 
 to prefent his duty to his Majefly, and give him many thanks for re- 
 minding him of a very worthy and afFeftionate parent ; and to tell him 
 that he fliould make it his conftant prayer that his Majefty might as 
 much out-go his father Henry the 5th in all a6ts of prowefs and virtue, 
 as he had done hh in honour and preferments." — Hart. MSS. No. 
 991, fol. 27. 
 
NOTICES OF EMINENT MEMBERS. 209 
 
 world is not afcertained. Dr. Hoveden, (warden of 
 All Souls in the reign of Queen Elizabeth) who wrote 
 the life of the founder in Latin, fays that he was 
 " honejiis natus parentibus" which would implythat 
 his parents were of fome repute and credit on account 
 of their extradlion. 
 
 Thomas Chichele married Agnes, the daughter of 
 William Pyncheon, who is allowed in the pedigrees to 
 have been a gentleman, " as he hath coat-armour thus 
 blazon : Or, a bend, 3 plates, loith a bordure counter- 
 changed azure and fable." 
 
 Thomas Chichele died the 25th February 1400 as 
 may be feen by the infcription on his tomb-ftone in 
 the north aifle of the chancel at Higham Ferrers, 
 known heretofore by the name of the Lady Chapel. 
 He had, by his wife Agnes Pyncheon, three fons, Henry 
 Archbifhop of Canterbury and founder of All Souls, 
 Robert and William, and a daughter whofe name is 
 not afcertained, and of whom we know no more, than 
 that fhe married a gentleman of the name of Tooke. 
 
 Robert Chichele, the fecond fon of Thomas, was a 
 Citizen and Grocer and lived in the parifh of Saint 
 James Garlyke-Hythe in the City of London. By his 
 great application to bufinefs and induftry he became 
 poffeffed of great wealth ; and, by means of his fair 
 charadter, attained great importance among his fellow- 
 citizens. He was the intimate friend of Sir Richard 
 Whittington, whom he emulated in knowledge of trade 
 as well as in adts of charity and munificence. He had 
 an eftate and refidence at Romford in Effex, where, in 
 the year 1410, he contributed largely towards re-build- 
 ing the chapel (which was a chapel of eafe to Horn- 
 church) and obtained for it, through his influence with 
 
 E E 
 
210 COMPANY OF GROCERS. 
 
 the Warden and Fellows of New College who are the 
 patrons, the privileges of fepulture and cemetery for 
 the parifhioners who frequented that chapel. 
 
 In the year 1428, he gave to the parifh of St. Stephen 
 Walbrook a plot of ground two hundred and eight feet 
 and a half in length and fixty-fix feet in breadth, 
 whereupon to build their church and for their church- 
 yard. In the year following he laid the firft ftone of 
 the new church, and gave one hundred pounds more 
 towards the expenfe and bore the charges of all the 
 timber-work on the proceflion-way, as well as thofe 
 of the lead upon it. In addition to many other chari- 
 ties, he gave, by his laft will dated the 17th December 
 1438, feveral tenements in the parifli of Saint Antholin 
 to the Mafter or Warden and the College of the Blefled 
 Virgin, St. Thomas the Martyr, and Edward the Coh- 
 feflbr of Higham Ferrers, (which his brother, the 
 Archbifhop, had founded,) that the faid Warden fhould 
 pray for the fouls of Thomas and Agnes, his father 
 and mother ; Elizabeth, Agnes, and Agnes his wives, 
 William Chichele^ his brother, and Beatrice, his wife. 
 It is faid, by Weever, that he ordered by his teftament, 
 on his birth- day a competent dinner to be provided for 
 two thoufand four hundred poor men, houfeholders of 
 the City of London and every man to have two-pence 
 in money, but the copy of his will in All Souls College 
 does not notice this legacy.^ 
 
 He was Sheriff of London in the year 1403, Lord 
 Mayor, for the firft time, in 141 1, and again in 1421, 
 when he received the honour of Knighthood.^ 
 
 ' Alfo a member of the Grocers' Company. 
 
 2 Fun'. Mon^ p. 409. 
 
 ' An entry occurs in the Company's books, during his Mafterfhip, 
 
NOTICES OF EMINENT MEMBERS. 211 
 
 Sir Robert Chichele died in 1420, and, if we may 
 believe Stowe and if the pofitive direftions in his will 
 were obferved, he was buried in the church of St. 
 James Garlyke-Hythe, of which he calls himfelf a 
 parifhioner : but Weever, by one of thofe errors in the 
 arrangement of his coUedtions to which he was occa- 
 fionally liable, gives the following epitaph upon him, 
 in black letter, as tranfcribed from the church of St. 
 Mary Bothaw : — 
 
 *' Cfifttlep tiocitatusf 
 
 ...... 1^obertu0 omnf bonitate rcfertu0» 
 
 i^auperibug largu^, ^m z%xxxxx. ati mala tariius, 
 Siponbugi ornatusJ jawt ittic fntumulatusf. 
 Corpore procerus, i)i0 a^afor zt arte (Brocerusf, 
 anno Sl^illeno C quater % quattr anno," 
 
 IR THOMAS CHICH- 
 ELE Y, who defcended in 
 a right line from the faid 
 Sir Robert, was Mafter 
 of the Ordnance, afterwards Chancel- 
 lor of the Duchy of Lancafter to King 
 Charles the Second and to King James 
 the Second and Member of their Majefties' moft ho- 
 
 fliewing the authority which the law allowed them to exercife over 
 thofe of their trade : — " Ordered, that all the ginger, maces and other 
 wares, which are falfely coloured, fliall be viewed by the Matters 
 with one of the Mayor's fervants, who fhall fearch and overlook all 
 goods of Grocers brought in the galleys as well as in the City of 
 London ;" and the fame year, 1415, a barrel of maces, which were 
 falfely coloured, was taken before William Walderne, Mayor, and 
 his Aldermen, when they adjudged the merchant who owned the 
 fame to be bound in a fine of ^^i, not to fell, or caufe to be fold, the 
 faid maces, in England, at any price. At the fame time, alfo, certain 
 other Groceries were condemned, and their fale prohibited. 
 
212 COMPANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 nourable Privy Council. He was a Liveryman of this 
 Company, and Mafter thereof in the years 1686 and 
 1687. After the church of St. Stephen's Walbrook 
 was deftroyed by the great fire of London in 1666, he 
 laid the firft ftone of the new church, and was a liberal 
 benefadtor towards the coft of the rebuilding.^ He 
 alfo built the Company a new barge at his own charge, 
 and purchafed for them the tenant right of a barge- 
 houfe. In grateful remembrance whereof they caufed 
 his picture and an infcription to be fet up in the Hall. 
 
 1 Extraa from "The Builder," 21 Feb., 1852:— "Through the 
 liberality of the Grocers' Company, patrons of the living, the large 
 eaft window of St. Stephen's, Walbrook, has been filled with ftained 
 glafs by Mr. Willement, under the diredtion of the Company's archi- 
 teft, Mr. Gwilt. It is a " Venetian window," of three lights. The 
 centre opening contains two fubjefts in frames from the life of St. 
 Stephen, (the ' ftoning,' of courfe) ; and in the fide-lights are medal- 
 lions of the Evangelifts, with others containing their emblems. At 
 the fummit is the head of the Saviour, with an angel on either fide, 
 lefs fuccefsfuUy executed than the other figures. The ornaments in 
 the enclofing frames have been vulgarifed by fafli doors and fanlights. 
 The coft, it is faid, will be little fhort of j^500. Great praife is due 
 to the Grocers' Company for fetting fo good an example. It is to 
 be hoped it will be followed by the other great City Companies, who 
 have it in their power to do fo much for art and artifts, and for the 
 moft part do fo little." 
 
NOTICES OF EMINENT MEMBERS. 213 
 
 SIR WILLIAM SEVENOKE. 
 
 " I fee lord mayor written on his forehead ; 
 The cap of maintenance and city fword, 
 Borne up in ftate before him." 
 
 Majfmger, City Madam. 
 
 I BOUT the latter end of 
 
 King Edward the 
 
 Third's reign, there was 
 
 found by Sir William 
 Rumpjied in the hollow of a tree, as 
 fome report, in theftreetof Sevenoke, 
 a poor child, whofe parents were un- 
 known and who, for that reafon, was named after the 
 place where he was difcovered William Sevenoke. 
 
 This orphan was, by the affiftance of Sir William 
 and other charitable perfons, brought up and put ap- 
 prentice to Hugh de Bois^ a citizen and Ferrer of 
 London ; and the term of his apprenticefhip being 
 expired, in the eighteenth year of King Richard II., 
 he petitioned, as his mailer had ufed the trade or 
 myftery of a Grocer and not a Ferrer, to be admitted 
 to the freedom of the Grocers' Company," which was 
 granted. 
 
 By degrees he accumulated wealth and rofe to be 
 Lord Mayor of London ; which office he ferved in 
 141 8, the fixth year of King Henry V. and received 
 
 ' Lanb. Peramb. p. 574. 
 
 " Strype's Stowe's Survey, book v. p. 117. 
 
214 CO MP ANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 the honour of Knighthood, then bearing for his arms 
 — feven acorns, three, three and one/ 
 
 At which time caUing to mind the goodnefs of Al- 
 mighty God, and the favour of his patron, Sir William 
 Rumpjied and the inhabitants of Sevenoke extended 
 towards him, he determined to leave behind him a 
 lafting memorial of his thankfulnefs ; therefore, at his 
 own coft and charge, he founded an hofpital confifting 
 of certain Alms-houfes for twenty poor people and a 
 Free-fchool for the education of youth within that 
 town; endowing them with a proper and fufficient 
 maintenance,* To efFe(9: which, he, by his laft will 
 and teflament dated July 14, 1432, devifed all his 
 lands and tenements, with other appurtenances, which 
 he lately had by feoffment from Margaret Walton in 
 Petty- Wales-Street in the parifh of All Saints Barking 
 in London, to the redtor, vicar, churchwardens and 
 other parifhioners of the town of Sevenoke, for ever 
 upon truft, that they, out of the rents and profits of 
 them, fhould find and maintain for ever, one mafter 
 well fkilled in grammar and a Bachelor of Arts, who 
 fhould keep a Grammar School, in fome convenient 
 houfe within the faid town, to be purchafed with his 
 goods, at the difcretion of his executors ; and likewife, 
 out of the faid rents and profits for ever, to give and 
 pay twenty poor men and women of the faid parifli, 
 
 ' Strype's Stowe's Survey, book v. p. 118, 
 
 ''■ Sir William Sevenoke (or Sevenocks, as he is called in the Aft of 
 Parliament relating to his chantries,) ferved in Parliament for the City 
 of London, in the time of King Henry V. He was, by his will, a 
 benefaftor to the parifli of St. Dunftan-in-the-Eaft, and, dying, was 
 buried in the church of St. Martin lj\xAgz.te.-^ Strype's Stowe's Survey, 
 Append. II. book ii. p. 47, book iii. p. 76. 
 
NOTICES OF EMINENT MEMBERS. 215 
 
 quarterly, ten {hillings apiece, who fhould live within 
 the faid town in houfes to be purchafed by his execu- 
 tors and for other charitable purpofes, in the faid will 
 mentioned. 
 
 After which in the fecond year of Queen Elizabeth, 
 through the care of Sir Ralph Bofvilk, Knt. and feveral 
 of the inhabitants there, not only the yearly ftipends 
 were much increafed, but their former litigated poiTef- 
 fions were fettled and quietly eftablifhed ; the Queen's 
 letters patent, dated July ift that year having been 
 procured, which direded, that "there {hould be for 
 ever in the town of Sevenokes, afree Grammar School, 
 called the Grammar School of Queen Elizabeth, for 
 the education, inftitution and inftrudtion of Children 
 and Youth in Grammar and other learning and that, in 
 the parifh of Sevenokes, there {hould be an Incorpo- 
 ration, to coniifl of the two wardens of the faid pari{h 
 and of the free-fchool, and of four a{li{lants, inhabit- 
 ants of the faid town and pari{h, by the name of the 
 wardens and four a{li{lants of the town and parifh of 
 Sevenokes, and of the free-fchool of Queen Elizabeth, 
 in Sevenocks." All which was confirmed by an adl 
 pafTed in the 30th year of that reign, not only as to this 
 fchool, but the faid Incorporation was more firmly 
 e{labli{hed as to the faid hofpital or almfhoufe for the 
 relief of the poor which had been for many years in 
 the faid town and parifh at firfl eredted by the faid 
 WiUiam Sevenokes, and endowed by his will ; which 
 endowment of both had been augmented afterwards by 
 others. 
 
 ' John Potkine, D.D. " fometyme fcholar " in this fchool, by his 
 will, dated the 8th of April, 1543, gave £() per annum to the fchool, 
 
2i6 COMPANY OF GROCERS. 
 
 The Lady Margaret daughter of Sir Ralph Bofville, 
 Knf., before her death, which happened in 1692, 
 fettled a farm called Hallywell-in-Burnham in Eflex, 
 upon certain truftees and their heirs, for ever, to pay 
 and difpofe of the rents and profits, to the founding and 
 endowment of two fcholarihips in Jefus' College, Cam- 
 bridge, of ;^I2 per annum each, the fcholars to be 
 called " Sir William Bofville' s fcholars," and to be 
 chofen out of Sevenoke School ; and, for the want of 
 lads fitting there, out of Tunbridge School ; and upon 
 every vacancy, ^^3 a-piece to two of the fellows of 
 Jefus' College, to come over to prove the capacity of 
 the lads. She alfo left _^ 12 yearly to a fchool-mafter 
 to inftrud: fifteen of the pooreft children, born in this 
 parifh, in the Catechifm of the Church of England and 
 to write and caft accounts; and ^^18 per annum more 
 to be kept in public ftock to place thofe fo taught, ta 
 handicraft trades or employments. 
 
 In the eighth year of King George I. 1722, the 
 leafes of the warehoufes, which had been eredled on 
 part of the lands called " Wool Key " in the parifh of 
 All Saints Barking devifed for thefe charitable purpofes, 
 being expired and the School and Almfhoufes being 
 much out of repair ; and it being thought that it would 
 
 payable out of his capital houfe, called " The Sterre, in Bred-ftreate," 
 in London. 
 
 Anthony Pope, Gent., by his will, dated the 19th of December, 
 1 57 1, gave a tenement in Petty Wales, within theCittie of London, 
 towards the " meyntenance of God's glory, and the eruditione and 
 bringinge up of the pore fchoUers of Sevenoke in vertuoufe difciplyne, 
 godly learninge, and good and civill manners." 
 
 John Pett, Gent., by deed, dated the i6th of September, 1589, 
 gave an annuity of ^^5, ifluing out of his lands and tenements, called 
 " Ryver-Hill^' to the ufe of the poor of the almfhoufes of Sevenokes, 
 
NOTICES OF EMINENT MEMBERS. 217 
 
 prove of great advantage to the charity if the Wardens 
 and Affiftants were enabled to raife by the difpofal of 
 thofe premifes, a competent fum of money to be em- 
 ployed in re-building, repairing, furnifhing, and fitting 
 up the Free-School and Almfhoufes and in enlarging 
 them and for other charitable ufes appointed by the 
 founder's w^ill ; and likewife to obtain a fettled revenue 
 for the fupport and maintenance of the faid charities in 
 future ; on a propofal made to the Wardens and Affift- 
 ants, for the purchafe of them for the ufe of Govern- 
 ment, an adt pafTed to veft the fee of the above-men- 
 tioned wharf, quay and premifes in truftees for the ufe 
 of the king, his heirs and fucceffors, for the ufe of 
 the Crown as lying contiguous to the Royal Cuftom- 
 Houfe, that they might be fitted up for warehoufes, 
 offices and other conveniences for merchants or the 
 Commiffioners and officers of the Cuftoms ; and the 
 King, to promote this fo beneficial a charity, having 
 agreed thatj^2,500 fliould be paid to the Wardens and 
 Affiftants towards the re-building of the fchool, almf- 
 houfes &c. that fum was confirmed to them by the adt 
 then paffed. And the faid wharf, quay and other 
 premifes were made fubjedl, by the faid ad:, to a yearly 
 rent of £550 to be paid for the future to the faid 
 Wardens and Affiftants and their fucceffors for ever 
 for the perpetual fupport and maintenance of the cha- 
 ritable ufes by the founder and all other benefaftors in 
 time to come. 
 
 In purfuance of which, the prefent fchool-houfe was 
 eredled upon the old foundation in 1727; and the 
 Hofpital or Almfhoufe, was completely repaired and 
 
 fitted up. 
 
 There are six exhibitions belonging to this fchool ; 
 
 F F 
 
2i8 COMPANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 four of which are of ^^15 a-year, and are not confined 
 to any college or either Univerfity ! 
 
 The following poem is both curious and interefting; 
 but whether that part of it which attributes the germ 
 of Sir William Sevenoke's fortune to the purfe given him 
 after the Battle of Agincourt by the Dauphin of France 
 is true, I have no means of knowing. The exiftence 
 of the poem proves, at all events, that Sir William was 
 a man of great celebrity in his time and, therefore, I 
 infert it. 
 
 In Johnfon's " Nine Worthies of London," 4to, 
 1592, and re-printed in the Harleian Mifcellany, 4to. 
 London, Edit. 181 1, edited by Mr. Park, Sir William 
 Sevenoke, who ranks as the third Worthy amongft the 
 Nine, is thus noticed. 
 
 SIR WILLIAM SEVENOAKE. 
 
 My harmleffe byrth misfortune quite contemn'd, 
 
 And from my pappe did make my youth a prey ; 
 So fcarcely budd my branches were unftem'd, 
 
 My byrih-howre was death e's black and gloomie day : 
 Had not the Higheft ftretched forth his might, 
 The breake of day had beene the darkeft night. 
 
 Some monfter that did envie Nature's worke, 
 
 (When I was borne, in Kent,) did caft me forth 
 In defert wildes, where, though no beaft did lurke 
 To fpoyl that life the heavens made for woorth : 
 Under feaven oakes yet Mifchiefe flung me downe. 
 Where I was found, and brought unto a towne. 
 
 1 Hafted's Hift. Kent, v. i. p. 755. Carlifle's Endowed Grammar 
 Schools, V. i. p. 616. 
 
NOTICES OF EMINENT MEMBERS, 219 
 
 Behold an ebbe that never thought to flowe, 
 
 Behold a fall unlikelie to recover, 
 Behold a fhrub, a weed that grewr full lowe, 
 Behold a wren that never thought to hover ; 
 Behold yet how the higheft can command, 
 And make a fand foundation firmelie ftand. 
 
 For when my infant's time indufte more yeares, 
 
 After fome education in the fchoole, 
 And fome difcretion in my felfe appeares, 
 With labour to be taught in manuall toole, 
 To learne to live, to London thus being found, 
 Apprentice to a Grocer I was bound. 
 
 To pleafe the honeft care my mafter tooke, 
 I did refufe no toyle nor drudging payne ; 
 My hands no labour ever yet forfooke, 
 
 Whereby I might increafe my matter's gayne. 
 Thus Sevenoake liv'd, for fo they calde my name. 
 Till Heaven did place me in a better frame. 
 
 In time, my prentife yeares were quite expir'de, 
 
 And then Bellona, in my homelie breft, 
 My countrie's honour with her flames had fir'de, 
 And for a fouldier made my fortune preft. 
 
 Henry the Fift, my king, did warre with Fraunce ; 
 Then I with him, his right to re-advance. 
 
 There did courageous men with love compare, 
 
 And ftrive, by armes, to get their prince renowne ; 
 There fillie I, like thirfty foule did fare, 
 
 To drink their fill would venture for to drowne : 
 Then did the height of my inhauft defire 
 Graunt me a little leafure to afpire. 
 
 The Dolphyne,! then, of France, a comelie knight, 
 
 Difguifed came by chaunce, into a place. 
 Where I, well wearied with the heats of fight, 
 
 Had layd me downe, for warre had ceaf 'd his chace ; 
 And, with reproachfull words, as " layzie fwaine," 
 He did falute me, ere I long had layne. 
 
 Dauphin. 
 
220 COMPANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 I, knowing that he was mine enemie, 
 
 A bragging Frenchman, (for we tearm'd them fo,) 
 111 brook'd the proud difgrace he gave to me, 
 And, therefore, lent the Dolphyne fuch a blowe 
 As warm'd his courage well to lay about, 
 Till he was breathlefle, though he were fo ftout. 
 
 At laft, the noble Prince did aflce my name. 
 
 My birth, my calling, and my fortunes paft ; 
 With admiration he did heare the fame, 
 And fo a bagge of crownes to me he caft ; 
 And when he went away, he faide to mee, 
 Sevenoake, be proud, the Dolphyne fought with thee ! 
 
 When Englifh had obtainde the vi6torie, 
 
 We crofled backe the grudginge feas againe. 
 Where all my friends fuppofed warre to be 
 For vice and follie, virtue's onlie bane : 
 
 But fee the fimple, how they are deceav'de, 
 To judge that horrour honnour hath bereav'd. 
 
 For, when my fouldier's fame was laid afide. 
 
 To be a Grocer once againe I fram'de ; 
 And He which rules above my fleps did guide, 
 
 That, through his wealth, Sevenoake in time was fam'de 
 To be Lord Maior of London by degree. 
 Where juftice made me fway with equitie. 
 
 Gray haires made period unto honour's call. 
 
 And froftie Death had furrow'd in my face 
 Colde winter gaflies, and to fommers fall, 
 And fainting Nature left my mortall place ; 
 For with the date of flefli my life decayde, 
 And Sevenoake died ; for every flower muft fade. 
 
 By teftament, in Kent, I built a towne. 
 
 And briefly called it Sevenoake from my name ; 
 A free-fchoole to fweete learning, to renowne, 
 I plac'de for thofe that playde at honour's game ; 
 Both land and livinge to that towne I gave. 
 Before I tooke poflTeflion of my grave. 
 
NOTICES OF EMINENT MEMBERS. 
 
 Thither I bare my flefli, but leave my fame, 
 
 To be a prefident for London wights ; 
 And you that now behold fair vertue's maime, 
 Thinke he is happie, for his countreye fights ; 
 For, for my guerdon to this pleafant field, 
 My carkas did my dying fpirit yeeld. 
 
 221 
 
 SIR JOHN DE WELLES. 
 
 IRJOHNde WELLES, 
 
 fon of JoAn de Welles of 
 
 the city of Norwich, 
 
 was a Liveryman of the 
 Company of Grocers, Lord Mayor of 
 London in 1431 in the loth year of 
 King Henry the Sixth and reprefen- 
 tative for the City of London in four parliaments. 
 The family of De Welles is of great antiquity as may be 
 feen in Dugdale, whofe authority, however, does not 
 clearly prove from which branch Sir John was de- 
 fcended. The principal eftates of the family were in 
 Lincolnshire and it is certain that, from 1299 to 1421, 
 one of the branches was poffefled of a Barony by writ. 
 Leo de Welles, the laft who held the Barony, was flain 
 in 1461 ; when, being attainted, his honours became 
 forfeited. Sir John de Welles, according to Stowe, 
 " builded the Standard in Chepefide," and was, alfo, a 
 great benefadtor to the new building of the chapel by 
 Guildhall, which was pulled down a few years ago, to 
 make way for the new law Courts. He alfo built 
 at his own coft, the fouth aifle of the choir of Saint 
 
222 COMPANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 Antholin's church, " which," fays the City Hiftorian, 
 " by his pidlure, (ftrangely there found,) his motto 
 and armes doth yet plainely appeare ; " and he left by 
 will a fum of money to repair the highway leading 
 from London to Weftminfter.^ This was fubftantially 
 performed, under letters patent from the King, by his 
 executors Thomas Knowles and John Chichley. 
 
 The following extraft from the Chronicle of Lon- 
 don, from 1089 to 1483, is curious : — 
 
 "(Ao 10 Hen. VL) — John Welles, grocer, Maior. 
 This fame yere, the xvj day of Decembre, G beynge 
 the dominical lettre, kyng Herry the yj'^ was crowned 
 kyng of Fraunce at Parys, in the chirche of Notre 
 Dame, with gret folempnite and rialte; and anoon 
 after he turned agen into Engelond, and landed at 
 Dovorr the ix day of Feverer, and come to London 
 the xxj day of the fame month, where he was ryally 
 refceyved, alle the craftes rydynge ayens hym, all in 
 white." 
 
 ^ Over a little doore in the fouth fide of the quire, at the time of 
 late new repairing the church, was found an ancient figure of a man, 
 clothed in fcarlet furred, holding open his hands, as in admiration ; 
 having rings on the thumbe and fingers of his left hand, and two 
 bookes before him, one clofed, and the other lying open, with thefe 
 words to be read : — 
 
 " Recogitabo tibi omnes annos meos in amaritudtne an'tmts meee. 
 
 Mercy and grace, and for ever mercy, fweet Jefus, Ego rogo." — 
 Stowe, p. 266. 
 
NOTICES OF EMINENT MEMBERS. 
 
 223 
 
 SIR STEPHEN BROWNE. 
 
 'IR Stephen Browne, 
 fon of yo/in Browne of 
 Newcaftle - upon - Tyne, 
 was Lord Mayor of 
 London in 1438, the 17th year of 
 King Henry the Sixth, and Member 
 of Parliament for the City in 1452. 
 In his Mayorahy wheat was at the extraordinary price 
 of three ihilhngs the bufliel, and fo great was the 
 dearth, that bread was made of vetches, peas, beans, 
 and fern-roots.^ The famine was confiderably alle- 
 viated by the condud: of Sir Stephen who fent into 
 Pruffia and caufed to be brought from thence certain 
 fliips laden with rye, which was a great relief in fo 
 extreme a neceffity. 
 
 Fuller's account of this adtion of Browne's is fo 
 curious, and fo quaintly worded, that I cannot refrain 
 from inferting it verbatim. " He was Lord Mayor of 
 London in 1438, in which year happened a great and 
 general famine, caufed much by unfeafonable weather, 
 but more by fome (huckftering) hufbandmen, who 
 properly may be termed knaves in grain, infomuch that 
 wheat was fold for three ihillings a bufhel, (intoUer- 
 able, according to the ftandard of thofe times,) and 
 poor people were forced to make bread of fearn-roots. 
 But this Sir Stephen Browne, fent certain fhips to Danz, 
 
 Strype. 
 
224 COMPANY OF GROCERS. 
 
 whofe feafonable return with rye fuddenly funk grain 
 to reafonable rates, whereby many a languifhing life 
 was preferved- He is beheld one of the firft mer- 
 chants who, in want of corn, fhewed the Londoners 
 the way to the barn-door, I mean into Sprufeland, 
 prompted by charity (not covetoufnefs) to this his 
 adventure. It may be faid that, fince his death, he 
 has often relieved the city on the like occaiion, becaufe, 
 as Symmachus well obferveth, AuBor ejl bonorum fequen- 
 tium, qui bonum relinquit exemplum."'^ 
 
 SIR THOMAS CANNYNG. 
 
 " The noble merchant 
 Who, living, was for his integrity 
 And upright dealing (a rare miracle 
 In a rich citizen) London's beft honour." 
 
 Majftnger. City Madam, 
 
 |, HE family of Cannyng or 
 
 Canning, was originally 
 
 of Briftol, and belonged 
 
 to that clafs which has 
 contributed fo largely towards the 
 fplendour, the honour and, it may 
 be added, the refpeftability of the 
 Englifli nation. — They were Merchants. 
 
 William Cannyng was of diftinguiihed eminence as a 
 principal merchant and foreign trader, as the friend 
 and patron of learning and religion, the able magiftrate 
 
 1 Worthies of England, vol. ii. p. 192. 
 
NOTICES OF EMINENT MEMBERS. 225 
 and charitable benefadtor of his city, (5n>/,) the 
 wealthy and the wife, {fapientijfimus et ditifftmus, fays 
 William of Worcejier,) he was the fecond fon of John 
 Cannyng, Mayor of Briftolm 1392 and 1398, the fon 
 of William Cannyng fix times Mayor, buried in St. 
 Mary's Chapel in the Church of St. Thomas.' 
 
 John Cannyng inherited a confiderable eftate from 
 his father and purfued a mercantile life, increafing his 
 fortune by marrying Joan, daughter and heirefs of 
 John and Margaret Wotton. He left his children, in 
 money, f^jz \ 12:6 each, which at that period was 
 efteemed a confiderable fum, when wheat was 4^. per 
 bufhel, a fat ox fold for ^s. 4^. and a fheep for 1 6^. 
 
 Thomas Cannyng who at his father's deceafe was ten 
 years old, was fent to London, where he became a 
 Grocer and ferved the office of Lord Mayor in 1456; 
 while William, his brother, who had remained in his 
 native place and had been bred up to merchandize in 
 which he was very fuccefsful, was chofen Mayor of 
 Briftol ; fo that the firft and fecond cities in the king- 
 dom had two brothers for Mayors in the fame year. 
 
 On reference to Rymer's Fcedera^ I find two curious 
 documents which prove the eftimation in which the 
 Cannyngs of Briftol were held by their fovereign. They 
 are in the form of recommendatory letters from King 
 Henry the Sixth in 1449 5 o'^^ t° ^^ Mafter-General 
 of Pruffia and the other to the Magiftrates of the City 
 of Dantzic, both in behalf of two of Cannyng' s fadlors, 
 refiding in PruJJia, requefting all pofiible favour and 
 countenance to be ftiown them. The King ftyles Can- 
 
 1 Barratt's Hlftory of Briftol. Corry's ditto. 
 
 2 Vol. xi. p. 226. 
 
 G G 
 
226 
 
 COMPANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 nyng " his beloved and an eminent merchant of his 
 City of Briftol." 
 
 The following is a brief fketch of the pedigree of 
 
 this family. 
 
 William Cannynge, 
 
 fix times mayor of Briftol, 
 
 tpe E. iij. 
 
 John Canninge. 
 
 John Canninge. 
 
 John Canninge, ^ Thomas Canninge, of=j=Margaret, daur. and 
 of Briftol. Foxcote, co. Warwick, 
 
 jure uxoris, tpe H. vi. 
 
 (Stowe.) 
 
 heir of John Sol- 
 man, of Foxcote, CO. 
 Warwick. 
 
 Cannings, of Foxcote. 
 
 Sir Thomas Canninge, Sir William Canninge, Kt. . John Canninge. 
 Kt. Citizen & Grocer, ob. 1474, bu. in Redcliffe- 
 Lord Mayor of Lon- church, Briftol, (vide Row- 
 don, anno 1456. ley's Poems,) which he 
 rebuilt : five times mayor 
 of Briftol. 
 
 The period of his Mayoralty was very tumultuous, 
 riots taking place frequently. The moft violent arid 
 
 ^ From this Thomas is defcended the Right Hon. George Can- 
 ning, elected a Brother-Grocer in 1824. The pedigree of this family 
 printed in Barratt's Hiftory of Briftol is incorredt. 
 
NOTICES OF EMINENT MEMBERS. 227 
 
 dangerous of thefe was fuppreffed by Si'r Thomas Can- 
 nyng, whofe firmnefs on the occafion merits to be 
 recorded. In 1456, a fimple and paffionate young 
 mercer, who had been denied the Hberty of, or had 
 been punifhed for, wearing a dagger in Italy contrary 
 to the laws of that country, where he had refided for 
 fome time, being returned to this city, met an ItaHan 
 in Cheapfide with a dagger by his fide, which fo en- 
 raged him, that, without confidering the different laws 
 and cuftoms of countries, he infolently told him that as 
 the Englifh were not allowed to wear fwords in Italy 
 neither ought he to wear any wea^pon in England. The 
 Italian, fomewhat irritated at this manner of addrefs, 
 returned an anfwer not agreeable to the furious temper 
 of the young cenfor, who not only fnatched the 
 ftranger's dagger from his fide, but broke his head 
 with it.^ The injured foreigner applied to the Lord 
 Mayor for redrefs, who, greatly concerned at the in- 
 dignity offered to the ftrariger, fummoned the mercer 
 to appear and anfwer the complaint next day at the 
 Guildhall before him and a full Court of Aldermen. 
 They committed the aggrefl!br to Newgate, he not 
 being able to urge any thing in alleviation of his offence. 
 But the fervants of the Mercery way-laid them near the 
 end of Lawrence-Lane in Cheapfide and refcued the 
 prifoner in a tumultuous manner; after which the 
 bafer fort of the populace, availing themfelves of the 
 confufion, rofe in a body and, running to the houfes of 
 the mofl eminent Italian merchants, pillaged them. 
 The Mayor and Aldermen, afllfled by a number of the 
 principal citizens, feized upon divers of the ringleaders 
 
 1 De Worde. Ad. Polychron. Maitland. 
 
228 COMPANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 and committed them to Newgate, The tumult was 
 not appeafed without fome bloodfhed and the offender, 
 who contrived to efcape, took fandluary in St. Peter's 
 Weftminfter till the affair was finally determined/ 
 The Court were alarmed at the report of the riot, 
 fearing it might prove the beginning of troubles againft 
 the State by the faftion of the Duke of York. The 
 Queen fent into the City the Dukes of Exeter and 
 Buckingham and others of the nobility, with a fpecial 
 commiffion to affift the Lord Mayor and Aldermen in 
 the trial and puniihment of the tranfgreffors. But 
 while the Mayor as chief judge, affifted in the Com- 
 miffion by the faid nobles, was calling the panels of the 
 inqueft at Guildhall, the rabble affembled in greater 
 numbers than before and uttered loud threats of ven- 
 geance if the trial of their fellow-citizens was per- 
 fifted in. The Commiffioners were fo alarmed at this, 
 that they, without executing their Commiffion, haftily 
 took leave of the Mayor and retired from the bench. 
 
 The Lord Mayor, wifely confidering that if a flop 
 were not fuddenly put to the dangerous pradlices of the 
 multitude, all government of the city would be at an 
 end, fummoned a Common Council, ordered all Ward- 
 ens to affemble their fellowfhips in their refpedtive 
 Halls and there to charge every member to keep and 
 ufe the beft endeavours to maintain the peace of the 
 city ; and, if they fhould difcover any perfons favour- 
 ing riotous affemblies or the forcible delivery of perfons 
 committed to prifon, they fhould, by gentle means, try 
 to diffuade them and give their names privately and 
 expeditioufly to the Mayor. By fuch excellent mea- 
 
 ' Fabian's Chronicle. 
 
NOTICES OF EMINENT MEMBERS. 229 
 
 fures an efFedtual flop was put to the riot, the Com- 
 miffioners returned to the city and, in conjundtion with 
 the Mayor, tried and condemned divers perfons. Three 
 were afterwards hanged at Tyburn, and feveral others 
 amerced in pecuniary muldls. 
 
 SIR JOHN CROSBIE. 
 
 " Happy were London, if, within her walls. 
 She had many fuch rich men." 
 
 Majjinger, City Madam. 
 
 HE Company of Grocers 
 
 have reafon to refer, with 
 
 feelings of pride and fa- 
 
 tisfadlion, to the name 
 of Sir John Crojbie as to that of one 
 of their moft honourable members. 
 Among the many eminent Citizens 
 of London, whofe wealth and extenfive dealings, when 
 trade was in its infancy, contributed to lay the founda- 
 tion of that commercial pre-eminence for which this 
 kingdom is celebrated, was Sir John Crojbie. That his 
 family was ancient and highly refpedlable is certain, 
 although a filly tradition refpedling him was current 
 in the time of Stowe, who fays, " I have heard that he 
 was named Crojbie, of being found by a crojs." This 
 abfurdity is effeftually negatived by the following 
 pedigree : — 
 
230 COMPANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 JOHAN DE CrOSSEBIE, 
 
 King's Clerk in Chan- 
 cery, tpe Ed. ij. 
 
 Sir John Crofbie, 
 
 tpe Ed. iij. 
 
 Kt. and Aid. of London. 
 
 John Crofbie, Efq. 
 
 Called in a Patent of Hen. iv. 
 
 "The King's Servant." 
 
 I ft Wife, Annys,: 
 or Agnes. 
 
 =Sir John Croft)ie, Kt. founder = 2d Wife, Anne 
 of Crolbie-houfe. Aid. and Chedworth, his 
 Sher. of London, M.P. for the Widow, in 
 
 ' faid city. Died in 1475, buried 1475. S. P. 
 at St. Helen's.i 
 
 /N 
 
 Johanna Talbot, 
 otherwife Crofbie. 
 
 The firft mention that occurs of yo/in Crojbie in our 
 records, is in the will of Henry Lord Scrope of Majham, 
 who was beheaded at Southampton, for being con- 
 cerned, with Richard Earl of Cambridge and others, in 
 the plot againft Henry V., and who left Crofbie " a 
 woollen gown without furs, and one hundred fhil- 
 lings."^ 
 
 * The epitaph on his monument in St. Helen's Church is as 
 follows : — " Orate pro animabus Johannis Crofby Militis Aid. atque 
 tempore vitae Maioris Staple ville Caleis ; et Agnetis vxoris fue, ac 
 Thomae, Richardi Johannis, Johannis, Margarete, et Johanne liber- 
 orum eiufdem Johannis Crofby militis ille obiit, 1475. et ilia 1466. 
 quorum animabus propitietur Deus." — Weever^ p. 421. 
 
 ^ Rymer's Fcedera, ix. 278. Dugdale Bar^ i. 660. 
 
NOTICES OF EMINENT MEMBERS. 231 
 
 In the feventh year of Edward IV. we find Sir John 
 Crojbie returned to parliament as reprefentative for the 
 City of London, together with Ralph Jocelyn, Thomas 
 TJrfwick Recorder, and John Warde. He was foon 
 after eledted an Alderman, ferved the office of Sheriff 
 in 1470, and, finally, was promoted to the important 
 pofl of Mayor of the Staple,* at Calais. 
 
 In 1470, alfo, he attained the honour of Knight- 
 hood, which was conferred upon himfelf and eleven 
 others in the field, by King Edward the Fourth, for 
 their fidelity and valour in refifling the attempts of 
 the baflard Falconbridge to furprife the City. 
 
 In 1 47 1 Crojbie was appointed one of the Com- 
 miffioners to fettle the differences with the Duke of 
 Burgundy, and to treat with the Governors of the Hanfe 
 Towns .^ He had previoufly ferved, on feveral occa- 
 fions, the office of Warden of the Grocers' Company, 
 to which he made fome liberal bequefls in his will. 
 
 Stowe, in defcribing the magnificent manfion in 
 Bifhopfgate-Street, known by the name of Crojbie- 
 Houfe, fays, " It was built by Sir "John Cro/bie, Grocer 
 and Woolman, in the time of King Edward the Fourth, 
 in place of certain tenements, demifed to him by Alice 
 AJhJield ^LtiA. the Convent of Saint Helen's, for 99 years; 
 — viz. from 1466 to 1565, and was finifhed in 1471. 
 This houfe he builded of flone and timber, very large 
 and beautiful, being efleemed, at that time, the highefl 
 
 ' " The EhgUfh -woxijiafle is, in the civil law Latin ftyle of thofe 
 times, termed. Jiabile emporium,th.z.tis a fixed port or mart for the im- 
 porting of merchandize. F/om whence, probably, the contracted 
 vioxdjiaple, ufed, with fome fmall variation of orthography, all over 
 Europe, has its derivation." — Anderfon's Hiftory of Commerce. 
 
 ^ Rymer's Fcedera, xi. 738. 
 
232 COMPAKir OF GROCERS. 
 
 in London. Sir John died in 1475 : fo fhort a fpace 
 enjoyed he that fumptuous building." The manfion 
 is defcribed as a refidence fit for a Prince ; and, foon 
 after its founder's death, was aftually inhabited by 
 Royalty itfelf, in the perfon of the Duke of Gloucejier 
 Lord Protedtor, afterwards Richard the Third. 
 
 Although Sir John Crojbie inherited a liberal patri- 
 mony, he early embarked in trade and, by his fuccefs, 
 confiderably augmented his wealth ; the extent of his 
 dealings is proved by his intimacy and connexion with 
 the Frifcobaldi, of Florence, who, with the Medici,. 
 were the great bankers and engrofTers of the com- 
 merce of Europe.^ 
 
 Some notion may be formed of his property by the 
 provifions made in his will, of which the following is 
 an abftradl. The will is dated March 1471 and was 
 proved 6th February 1475. After bequeathing con- 
 fiderable fums to the nuns of St. Helen's, HoUiwell, 
 Stratford and Sion, to the Auguftin and Crutched 
 Friars, the friars, minors, preachers, and carmelites, 
 the Hofpital of St. Mary without Bifliopfgate, Bedlam, 
 St. Thomas Southwark, Elfing and St. Bartholomew, 
 the minorefles and the Charterhoufe, and to the gaols 
 of London and Southwark, for their prayers and relief, 
 and inftituting a folemn obiit anniverfary, or twelve 
 months' mind, at which the Grocers' Company were to 
 affift, (and, after the deceafe of his wife and all his 
 executors, they were to be the truftees for that purpofe,) 
 he gave to the repair of St. Helen's Church five hun- 
 dred marks ; and his arms were to be feen in Stowe's 
 time, both in the ftone-work, timber, roof, and glazing ; 
 
 1 See the letters of this family in the Britifh Mufeutn. 
 
NOTICES OF EMINENT MEMBERS. 233 
 
 among poor houfekeepers in Bifhopfgate ward ^30 ; 
 to the repair of Hanworth Church, Middlefex (the 
 manor of which belonged to him)/ ^40 ; of Bifhopf- 
 gate and London- Wall ^Tioo ; towards making a new 
 tower of ftone at the fouth-eaft of London-bridge, if 
 the fame were begun by the Mayor and Aldermen, 
 within ten years after his deceafe, ^100; to the repair 
 of Rochefter-bridg€ ^Tio ; to every prifon in London 
 liberally. Alfo, he gave to the Wardens and Com- 
 monalty of the Grocers in London, two large pots of 
 filver chafed, parcel-gilt, weighing thirteen pounds five 
 ounces, troy weight, to be ufed in their Common 
 Hall.'' To his daughter Johanne two hundred marks ; 
 to his wife ^2000, as her dower, befides all her and 
 his clothes and furniture, and his leafe under the 
 Priorefs of St. Helen's, for her life. The above fums 
 were to be raifed by fale of his manor at Hanworth, 
 and other lands in Feltham in the fame County, within 
 two years after his deceafe ; or, if there were a fuffi- 
 ciency without fuch fale, the eftates to go to his wife, 
 or the child fhe might chance to be great with at his 
 death ; or, in default thereof, to his daughter Joan 
 
 * Mr. Gough, who wrote a very brief memoir of Sir John Crojbie^ 
 is miftaken in his conjedlure that Sir John purchafed his manor of 
 Hanworth in confequence of having amafled a large fortune in trade. 
 The manor and advowfon of Hanworth, mentioned in an inftrument 
 of Edward the Black Prince, appear to have belonged to the Sir John 
 who was Alderman of London in the reign of Edward IH., and were 
 committed to the truft of Thomas Rigby till the next John Crofbie, 
 the heir and " King's fervant," attained his majority. — I. B. H. 
 
 2 Although there is a detailed lift of the Company's plate in the 
 records of that period, I cannot find any trace of thefe " pots." As 
 articles of lefs value are carefully noted, thefe would hardly have been 
 omitted. 
 
 H H 
 
234 
 
 COMPAlSir OF GROCERS. 
 
 and her heirs ; failing thefe, to his coufin Peter Chrijie- 
 mas and his heirs ; and, in default thereof, to the 
 Grocers' Company, to be fold and the amount divided 
 among themfelves, and in charitable ufes, as in his will 
 fpecified. Our hiftorians celebrate the liberality of 
 this worthy Citizen in thefe public repairs.' The 
 refidue of his effedts, after the deceafe of his laft wife, 
 being diftributed agreeably to his will, one inftance of 
 this diftribution remains to the church of Theydon 
 Gernon, in ElTex, commemorated in the following in- 
 fcription, in raifed letters, on a ftone in the fouth face 
 of the fteeple : — 
 
 " Pray for thefoules of Sir John Crojb'ie, Knyght, late 
 Alderman and Grocer e of London; and^ alfoe, of Dame 
 Ann, and Annys, his wyves, ofwhofe godys was gevyn 
 
 li toward the makyng of thys ftepyll, ao V". . 
 
 que d'ni, 1520.^ 
 
 SIR JOHN PECHE, KNIGHT. 
 
 IR JOHN PECHE, 
 
 Knight, was defcended 
 
 from Gilbert de Peche 
 
 who was fummoned to 
 Parliament as a Baron of this realm, 
 in the 13th year of King Edward II. 
 He had two fons, Sir William Peche, 
 and Sir Robert Peche, who both accompanied King 
 
 1 Gough. 
 
 2 Morant, in his Hiftory of EffeXjfays the fteeple was finiftied this 
 year. 
 
NOTICES OF EMINENT MEMBERS. 235 
 
 Edward I. in his vidtorious expedition into Scotland, 
 in the 28th year of his reign and aflifted at the fiege 
 of Carlaverock in that kingdom : for which fervice 
 they, with their company, received the honour of 
 knighthood. 
 
 Sir 'John Peche, Knight, bought the manor of Lul- 
 Ungftone, in Kent, from the reprefentatives of Gregory 
 deRokeJleyy Lord Mayor of London, in the year 1361 ; 
 and the fame year, making it his feat, he obtained 
 from Edward IIL a charter of free warren for all his 
 lands there which was the next year again confirmed 
 to him. 
 
 He died in the 4th year of King Richard IL, pof- 
 fefled of LuUingftone, when it was found, by inqui- 
 fition taken after his death, that he was then feized, 
 jointly with Mary his wife, of one meffuage, two 
 hundred and fifty acres of arable land, three acres of 
 meadow, twelve acres of wood, 50J. rent, and forty- 
 two hens in LuUingftone and Peyfrere, of the feoffment 
 of John Conjiantyn, Edmund de Claye, and Richard 
 Peche, which premifes were held of the King as of the 
 honour of Leedes, as the fourth part of one knight's 
 fee, by the fervice of one pair of gilt fpurs, of the price 
 of 6^. 
 
 He was fucceeded in his eftates by his fon Sir Wil- 
 liam Peche, Knight, whofe widow, the Lady Joan, 
 died feized of them, in the i ith year of King Henry 
 IV. and was buried in St. Mary Wolnoth Church, in 
 
 London. 
 
 Their fon. Sir John Peche, Knight, at his death, 
 which happened April 5th 1487, was found to be 
 feized of the manor of LuUingftone Rofle, and Lul- 
 lingftone Peyfrere and Cokerhurft, with their appurte- 
 
236 COMPJNT OF GROCERS. 
 
 nances, which were held of the King as of the Duchy 
 of Lancafter. He is interred in Lullingftone Church ; 
 and on his grave-ftone the arms of this family ftill 
 remain : — viz. Azure, a lion rampant, ermine^ a la queue 
 fourchee, crowned or. 
 
 He left a fon, »S'/r John Peche, and a daughter E/zzja- 
 <5^M, who married John Hart, Efq 
 
 This Sir John Peche was a man of gred;t. reputation 
 at that time, being created a Knight Banneret and 
 made Lord-Deputy of Calais. He was fheriffi of Kent, 
 in the loth year of King Henry VII. ; in which year^ 
 when the Lord Audley and the Cornifh men, who had 
 rifen in fupport of Perkin Warbeck, would have col- 
 ledted provifions and men in that county, he, with 
 other gentry of it, valiantly oppofed them, and obliged 
 them to turn towards London : foon after which they 
 were vanquifhed on Blackheath. 
 
 During his lifetime he paid ;^5oo into the hands of 
 the Mafters and Wardens of the Grocers' Company; in 
 London, of which he was free, for the performing of 
 certain obits, alms-deeds, and works of piety for his 
 foul's health, efpecially for the maintaining of the alraf- 
 houfes founded by him at Lullingftone, for keeping a 
 folemn obit, yearly on the ift of January, in the church 
 of that place, and for the paying of 53^. 4^. yearly to 
 the parfon of Lullingftone and his fucceflbrs. 
 
 He died feized of Lullingftone manor and was 
 buried under a magnificent monument in Lullingftone 
 Church, leaving his wife the Lady Elizabeth furviv- 
 ing, to whom King Henry VIII. of his fpecial favour 
 in his 31ft year, granted an annuity of teft marks for 
 life. 
 
 On his death without ifTue, Elizabeth his fifter^ 
 
MONUMENT OF SIRJOHN PECHE.IN LULLI NG STONE CHURCH, KENT, 
 
NOTICES OF EMINENT MEMBERS. 237 
 
 was found to be his heir ; upon which her hulband, 
 Jo/in Hart, of the Middle Temple Efq., Counfellor at 
 law, in her right, became entitled to thefe premifes/ 
 
 SIR HENRY KEBLE. 
 
 IHE events connedled with 
 
 the life of this worthy 
 
 and charitable citizen are 
 
 of fo little intereft, that 
 they are not worth recording, and I 
 (hould not have inferted his name in 
 this place, did not his munificence 
 and generofity entitle him to rank among the eminent 
 members of the Grocers' Company. Henry Keble, or 
 Herry Keybull, as he is ftyled in the Company's books, 
 was the fon of George Keble, Grocer of London ; he 
 was fix times Mafter of the Grocers' Company, was 
 made an Alderman in 1508 aind, finally, prefided over 
 the City as Lord Mayor, in 1510. He gave the fum of 
 one thoufand pounds towards the building and finifh- 
 ing of his parifli church of St. Mary Aldermary in 
 Budge Row. Strype, defcribing this church, mentions 
 this fadt in the following terms : — " Henry Keble afore- 
 mentioned, deceafed and was here buried in a vault by 
 him prepared, with a fair monument raifed over him 
 on the north fide of the choir, now deftroyed and gone. 
 He gave, by his teftament, £1000 towards building of 
 
 ' Halfted's Hift. Kent, vol. i. p. 511, et feq. 
 
238 COMPANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 that church and yet was not permitted a refting place 
 for his bones there. "^ 
 
 Si'r Henry Kebles bequefts to the Grocers' Company- 
 are thus particularized in the report made by the Corn- 
 mijjioners for inquiring concerning Charities appointed 
 by Parliament in 18 18. 
 
 " Sir Henry Kebyll, knight and alderman, by his 
 will dated 20th March 1514, devifed to the Grocers' 
 Company two mefluages, with a garden and other 
 appurtenances, in Broad-alley in the parifli of Saint 
 Margaret Lothbury ; and alfo that great mefluage, 
 with the garden and appurtenances in the parifh of 
 St. Peter the Poor ; and alfo a piece of ground, with 
 the ftables and other houfes eredted thereon, in the 
 parifh of St. Olave, in the Old Jewry ; and diredted, 
 after various payments to fuperftitious ufes, that the 
 faid Company, with the rents and revenues thereof 
 fhould pay weekly to feven poor men of the Myftery 
 of Grocers, fuch as had been leafeholders or occupiers 
 of the fame Myftery in the City of London, and fallen 
 into decay and poverty, 3J. td. fterling ; that is to fay, 
 to each bd. Such poor men to be feledted by the 
 Wardens and Aflbciates of the faid Myftery of Grocers, 
 for the time being, as the room of any of the faid feven 
 perfons happened to be void." 
 
 His epitaph, cited by Stowe^ in his account of Cord- 
 wainers' Ward, is curious : — 
 
 Here is fixt the epitaph of 
 Sir Henry Kebyl, knight 
 
 ^ Strype's edition of Stowe's Survaie. This monument was taken 
 down, and other perfons buried in his vault. 
 '^ Survaie of London, p. 267. 
 
NOTICES OF EMINENT MEMBERS. 239 
 
 Who was fometime of London Maior, 
 
 a famous worthy wight, 
 Which did this Aldermary Church 
 
 erecft and fet upright. 
 Though death prevaile with mortal wights, 
 
 and haften every day, 
 Yet vertue over-lives the grave, 
 
 her fame doth not decay : 
 As memories doe (hew revlv'd 
 
 of one that was alive. 
 Who being dead, of vertuous fame, 
 
 none fhould feeke to deprive ; 
 Which fo in life deferv'd renowne, 
 
 for fa£ts of his to fee. 
 That may encourage others now, 
 
 of like good mind td be. 
 Sir Henry Keble, knight, Lord Maior 
 
 of London, here he fate, 
 Of Grocers' worthy Company, 
 
 the chiefeft in his ftate, 
 Which in this citie grew to wealth, 
 
 and unto worfhip came. 
 When Henry reign'd, who was the feventh 
 
 of that redouted name : 
 But he to honour did atchieve 
 
 the fecond golden yeere 
 Of Henries reigne, fo call'd the eighth, 
 
 and made his fa£l appeare. 
 When he this Aldermary Church 
 
 'gan build with great expenfe, 
 Twice thirty yeeres agon, no doubt, 
 
 counting the time from hence : 
 Which worke began the yeere of Chrift, 
 
 well knowne of Chriften men. 
 One thoufand and five hundred juft 
 
 if ye will adde but ten. 
 But lo, when man purpofeth moft, 
 
 God doth difpofe the befl, 
 And fo before this worke was done, 
 
 God call'd this knight to reft. 
 This church as then not fully built ; 
 
 he died about the yeere. 
 
240 COMPANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 When III May day firft tooke his name, 
 
 which is downe fixed here : 
 Whofe works became a fepulcher, 
 
 to fhrowd him in that cafe : 
 God took his foule, but corps of his 
 
 was laid about this place. 
 Who when he dyed, of this his worke 
 
 fo mindfull ftill he was, 
 That he bequeath'd a thoufand pounds 
 
 to have it brought to pafle. 
 The execution of whofe gift, 
 
 or where the fault (hould be, 
 The work as yet unfiniflied 
 
 {hall fhew you all for me. 
 Which Church ftands there, if any pleafe 
 
 to finifli up the fame, 
 As he hath well begun, no doubt, 
 
 and to his endlefTe fame ; 
 They ftiall not onely well beftow 
 
 their Talent in this life. 
 But after death, when bones be rot, 
 
 their fame fhall be moft. rife : 
 With thankful praife and good report 
 
 of our Parochians here. 
 Which have of right Sir Henries fame, 
 
 afrefh renewed this yeere. 
 God move the minds of wealthy men, 
 
 their workes fo to beftow 
 As he hath done, that though they dye, 
 
 their vertuous fame may flow. 
 
 Inclita perpetuo durabit tempore Virtus, 
 Et fioret fate non violenda truci. 
 
NOTICES OF EMINENT MEMBERS. 
 
 241 
 
 SIR WILLIAM LAXTON. 
 
 HIS worthy member of 
 
 the Company was the 
 
 fon of yo/in Laxton of 
 
 Oundle in the county 
 of Northampton ; *' he was bred a 
 Grocer in London," fays Fuller,^ 
 " where he fo profpered by his paine- 
 fuU endeavours that he was chofen Lord Mayor, anno 
 Domini 1 544." He founded an almfhoufe and " a 
 free fchool, at Oundel, with convenient maintenance, 
 well maintained at this day by the Worfliipfull Com- 
 pany of Grocers,^ and hath been, to my knowledge 
 (continues the fame author), the nurfery of many 
 fcholars moft eminent in the univerfity."^ 
 
 The beneficence of Sir William is recorded in the 
 three following infcriptions, which are placed over the 
 entrance to the fchool-houfe :— 
 
 Undella natus, Londini porta labor e 
 Laxtonus pofuit^^fenibus puerifque levamen. 
 
 AflAa ^iS'aa-HOVroiV wsvixpoi; iviauaia. ?\a/j,7rpoii 
 Mvaj rpiaxovT onriii cruv te oo/j,oiaiv iSoi, 
 
 1 Worthies of England, vol. ii. p. 173- 
 
 2 The bequeft is entered in the books in the following terms : — 
 " The bequefte of Sir William Laxton of certaine lands in London, 
 to this Companie, for finding a free Scole, and maintaining of certaine 
 poor perfons, is accepted by them, with thankfgiving for his gentii 
 remembraunce. " 
 
 3 Worthies of England, vol. ii. p. 173. 
 
 I I 
 
242 COMPANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 - nni nono onvnS nn:' 
 ; nnsJ' D'^n'^K p"inn n^a 
 
 The Grocers' Company have ever taken great in- 
 tereft in the welfare and profperity of this fchool; and, 
 fuch was the importance they attached to it, that, even 
 in times when education was lefs confidered than it is 
 at prefent, they deemed it neceffary to inveftigate its 
 progrefs, perfonally ; and, accordingly, a deputation, 
 confifting of the Wardens and two or three fenior mem- 
 bers of the Court of Affiftants, was, from time to time, 
 ordered to hold a vifitation at the fchool : their pro- 
 ceedings were circumftantially detailed in a report, 
 regularly inferted in the Company's records. 
 
 Thefe reports are interefting and form a curious 
 illuflration of the manners of the times at which they 
 were drawn up ; one of them, entered in the books on 
 the 5th July 1650, is well worthy of perufal. The 
 vilitations to Oundle were held to be fo effential, that 
 a fpecial obfervation was made in the Company's 
 , journals when any thing occurred to interrupt them : 
 on the 1 8th June 1 644, is the following minute : — 
 " Ordered, that the vifitation of Oundle School be this 
 year forborne in regard to the troubles of this king- 
 dom, and the danger of travelling." This was during 
 the period of the civil wars at the latter part of the 
 reign of Charles I. 
 
 The moft remarkable event which occurred in 1 544, 
 
 ^ Bleffed is he that giveth to the fimple prudence. 
 To beftow on the ignorant counfel and knowledge. 
 Bleffed is he that piteoufly endoweth the poor with plenty, 
 To beftow on the afRifted a dwelling and bread. 
 
 Forthis tranflation I am indebted to the Rev. J. Forfliall. — J. B.H. 
 
NOTICES OF EMINENT MEMBERS. 243 
 
 the year of Sir W. Laxton's Mayoralty, was the ex- 
 tortion on the part of Henry Fill, of a fum of money 
 from the City, by way of what was facetioufly termed 
 a benevolence.'^ The Lord Chancellor, the Duke of Suf- 
 folk, and others were deputed as Commiffioners to 
 affefs the City. They fent for the Lord Mayor and 
 Aldermen to Baynard's Caftle, where a fum was de- 
 manded from each of them.^ Richard Read, one of 
 the Aldermen prefent, abfolutely refufed compliance, 
 upon which he was forcibly enrolled as a private foldier, 
 and fent to Scotland to ferve in the army under Lord 
 Evers. On the defeat of this General, Read was made 
 prifoner, and, in addition to the hardftiips he had 
 already endured, was compelled to pay a large fum of 
 money for his ranfom. 
 
 Sir William Laxton died anno Domini 1556 and was 
 interred in the chancel of St, Anthony's Church. 
 
 His epitaph was as follows : — 
 
 Sir William Laxton lyes interr'd 
 
 within this hollow vault. 
 That by good life had happy death, 
 
 the end for which he fought. 
 Of poore and rich he was belov'd, 
 
 his dealings they were juil, 
 God hath his foule, his body here 
 
 confumed is to dull. 
 Here lives by fame, that lately died, 
 
 Sir William Laxton's wife, 
 That ever was a doer of good, 
 
 and liv'd a vertuous life : 
 A mindfuU Matron of the poore 
 
 and to the learned fort, 
 A true and faithfull Citizen, 
 
 and died with good report. 
 He died the 29 day of July. 1556. 
 
 1 Maitland's Hiftory of England, vol. ii. p. 238. 
 
 2 Hume's Hiftory of England, vol. iv. p. 217. 
 
244 
 
 COMPANY OF GROCERS. 
 
 LAURENCE SHIREFF. 
 
 HIS benevolent Citizen, 
 
 the founder of Rugby 
 
 Free Grammar-School, 
 
 one of the nobleft and 
 beft endowed inftitutions of the kind 
 in England, was born at Rugby, in 
 the county of Warwick.* He has 
 by fome perfons been mentioned as a native of Brownf- 
 over, but that is an error, as there is a document extant 
 which at once eftablifhes the contrary, and that is a 
 petition from the inhabitants to the Lord Keeper, about 
 feventy years after the foundation of the School, in 
 which he is fpecially mentioned as being born in 
 Rugby. He followed the bufinefs of Grocerie, in Lon- 
 don, and was a Liveryman of the Company of Grocers, 
 of which he was fecond Warden, in 1 566, the year 
 before his death He appears to have been a tradef- 
 man of fome eminence : for he had the honour of 
 ferving the Royal family, either in his particular line 
 of bufinefs or as a purveyor ; and an anecdote which 
 is preferved of him, in Fox's Book of Martyrs, goes to 
 eftablifh the fadt : he is there fpoken of as " being a 
 fervant of the Lady (afterwards ^een) Elizabeth, and 
 fworn unto her Grace ; " and he himfelf calls her his 
 " gracious lady and mifhrefs." 
 
 There is every probability that he had fome employ- 
 
 Ackerman's Hiftory of Colleges, &c. 410. 1816. 
 
NOTICES OF EMINENT MEMBERS. 245 
 
 ment about the Court, as he defcribes, fo minutely, 
 what he had feen the day before, of the great refpeft 
 fhewn to the Lady Elizabeth by Cardinal Pole and 
 King Philip, in her chamber of prefence. 
 
 As this is the only hiftorical circumftance known of 
 the founder of Rugby School, it is worth relating. It 
 Ihows him to have been an honeft man, of loyal prin- 
 ciples and of fome degree of courage in maintaining 
 them, as from the reception he met with from the 
 Commiffioners before whom he laid his information, 
 it is plain he was no favourite with them, or with the 
 courtiers of ^een Mary. 
 
 Fox introduces his narrative by obferving, that, 
 " though it be not direftly appertaining to the former 
 matter, yet the name may here be not unaptly inferted, 
 for that it doth fhew and difcover the malicious hearts 
 of the Papifts towards this vertuous Queen, our fove- 
 reign lady in the time of Queen Mary, her fifter, 
 which is reported as a truth credibly told by fundry 
 honeft perfons, of whom fome are yet alive, and do 
 teftify the fame. 
 
 " Soon after the ftir of Wyatt, and the troubles that 
 happened to Queen Mary for that caufe, it fortuned 
 to one Robert Farrer, a haberdafher of London dwell- 
 ing near to Newgate Market, in a certain morning, to 
 be at the Rofe Tavern (from whence he was feldom 
 abfent), and falling to his common drink, as he was 
 ever accuftomed and having in his company three other 
 companions like himfelf, it chanced, the fame time, 
 one Laurence Shireff, Grocer, dwelling not far from 
 thence, to come into the fame tavern and finding there 
 the fame Farrer (to whom of long time he had borne 
 good will), fat down in the feat to drink with him. 
 
246 COMPANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 And Farrer, being in his full cups and not having con- 
 fideration who were prefent, began to talk at large, and 
 namely, againft the Lady Elizabeth, and faid, — 'that 
 'Jill had been one of the chief doers of this rebellion of 
 Wyatfs, and before all be done, /he, and all the heretich 
 her partakers, /hall well underjiand it. Some of thofe 
 hope that /he /hall have the crown : but /he, and they, I 
 hope, /hall hop headlefs, or be fried with faggots, before 
 /he come to it.' The aforefaid Laurence Shireff, Grocer, 
 being then fervant to the Lady Elizabeth, and fworn 
 unto her Grace, could no longer forbear his old ac- 
 quaintance and neighbour Farrer, in fpeaking fo irre- 
 verently of his miftrefs, but faid unto him, — ' Farrer, 
 I have loved thee as a neighbour, and have had a good 
 opinion of thee : but, hearing of thee that I now hear, I 
 defy thee, and tell thee, I am her Grace's own fervant ; 
 and /he is a princefs, and the daughter of a noble king ; 
 and it ill be come th thee to call her a Jill : For, by thy fo 
 faying, I fay thou art a knave, and I will complain on 
 thee J — ' Do thy worji,' faid Farrer, 'for that I will fay 
 again:' and fo Shireff c^nie. from his Company. 
 
 "Shortly after, the faid Shireff, taking an honeft 
 neighbour with him, went before the Commiflioners, 
 to complain. The which Commiflioners fat at Bon- 
 ner's the Bifhop of London's houfe, befide St. Paul's ; 
 and there were prefent Bonner, then being chief Com- 
 miflioner, the Lord Mordaunt, Sir John Baker, Dr. 
 Darby/hire, chancellor to the bifliop. Dr. Story, Dr. 
 Harpfeld, and others. 
 
 " The aforefaid Shireff coming before them, declared 
 the manner of the faid Farrer s talk againft the Lady 
 Elizabeth. Bonner anfwered, ' Paradventure you took 
 him worfe than he meant.' ' Tea, my lord,' faid Dr. 
 
NOriCES OF EMINENT MEMBERS, z^y 
 
 Story, ' If you knew the man, as I do, you would fay there 
 is not a better Catholic, nor an honejier man, in the City 
 of London.^ " 
 
 " ' Well," faid Shireff, * my lord, Jhe is my gracious 
 lady and miftrefs ; and it /hall not befuffered that fuch a 
 varlet as he is, Jhould call fo honourable a Princefs by the 
 name of a Jill. I faw, yejlerday, in the court, that my 
 Lord Cardinal Pole, meeting her in her Chamber of P re- 
 fence, kneeled down on his knees, and kiffed her hand. 
 And I alfofaw that King Philip, meeting her, made her 
 like obeyfance, and that his knee touched the ground. And 
 then me thinketh it were too much to fuffer fuch a varlet 
 as he is to call her a Jill, and to wijh them to hop head- 
 lefs that Jhall wiJh her Grace to enjoy the poffefjion of the 
 Crown, when God Jhall fend it to her as in the right of 
 her inheritance.' ' Tea ; flay there ^ quoth Bonner, 
 * when God fendeth it to her, let her enjoy it. But, 
 truly ^ faid he, ' the man that fpake the words you have 
 reported meant nothing againft the Lady Elizabeth, your 
 mijlrefs ; no more do we. But he, like an honeji and 
 zealous man, feareth the alteration of religion, which 
 every good man ought to fear ; and, therefore,' faid Bon- 
 ner, ' good man, go your ways home, and report well of 
 us ; and we will fend for Farrer, and rebuke him for his 
 rajh and indifcreet words ; and, we trufl, he will not do 
 the like again.' And thus Shireff C2d-nc away." 
 
 Some of the items in Shireff' s will are rather curious; 
 but they excite no objedtionable ideas refpedling him, 
 and only fhew a degree of harmlefs Angularity in his 
 charader : I allude to the diredtions relating to his 
 funeral. He wills his body to be decently buried in 
 the church of St. Andrew's in Rugby, but the funeral 
 to be firft done in the City of London, whereat he 
 
248 COMPANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 will have a learned man to preach the word of God, 
 and all other things meet to be done ; and, after that, 
 his body to be decently carried to Rugby and there 
 buried, near the bodies of his father and mother. He 
 gives jTio to be diftributed, on the day of his burial, 
 in Rugby, to all the poor people that (hall attend it ; 
 that is to fay, to every poor man and woman twelve 
 pence and to every poor child two pence ; and to the 
 Matters, Wardens, and Company of Grocers, he 
 leaves the fum of j^^ij : 6 : 8, of which fum he wills 
 that £6 : 1 3 : 4 be beftowed on a recreation of the 
 Company on the day of his funeral. 
 
 The aftonifhing rife in value of part of the eftates 
 left for the endowment of Rugby-School, may be 
 noticed as a concluding, and not the leaft curious fea- 
 ture, in this account of Shireff. The property alluded 
 to, confifls of the fite of a number of fine ftreets near 
 the Foundling-Hofpital, then called "Conduit-Mead," 
 and from which Lamb's Conduit Street takes its name. 
 When unbuilt on, in 1669, this plot of ground only 
 let for jr2o a-year. In 1686, it was leafed for £s^o 
 per annum. In 1702, a leafe was renewed to Sir 
 William Milman, of forty-three years, at ^60 a-year. 
 In 1780 the annual produce was ^116:17:6; and 
 it was computed that, at the end of his leafe, the vaft 
 improvements which were taking place would extend 
 the value of the rental to ^1,600 per annum; a much 
 greater income has, in fadt, arifen ; and the revenues 
 will be confiderably increafed on the termination of 
 the prefent leafes. 
 
NOTICES OF EMINENT MEMBERS. 249 
 
 SIR THOMAS LODGE. 
 
 in 1563. 
 
 ;IR THOMAS LODGE, 
 
 the fon of William Lodge 
 
 of Creflet in Suffolk, was 
 
 Lord Mayor of London 
 " He ihowed himfelf a ma- 
 giftrate of good courage," fays Strype, 
 " by this paffage, which happened 
 to him in his mayorahy." One Edward Skeggs, an 
 unworthy citizen, who, for fome mifdemeanor, loft the 
 freedom of the City, but, upon fubmiffion, obtained it 
 again, got to be a purveyor for the Queen ; and think- 
 ing, as it feems, to offer fome affront to the City, to 
 make it the more public, feized upon certain of the 
 Mayor's provifions ; and, out of twenty-two capons for 
 the Mayor's table, took twelve for the Queen, and that 
 with much fancy language, not fit for the chief magif- 
 trate of the City to receive. Sir Thomas made him 
 reftore fix of the twelve he had taken and threatened 
 him with the biggeft pair of bolts in Newgate. But 
 away goes Skeggs to the Lord Steward, then the Earl 
 of Arundel, thinking he had tale enough now againft 
 the City ; and the faid Lord Steward and Sir Edward 
 Rogers, the Comptroller of the Houfehold, gave too 
 much ear to an ill man's complaint and prefently wrote 
 a very angry threatening letter to the Mayor, compofed 
 in fuch a ftyle that, I believe, feldom or never the like 
 had been fent to fo great and eminent a Magiftrate, and 
 
 K K 
 
250 COMPANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 fo immediate under the Crown. It began and pro- 
 ceeded in this tenor : — 
 
 " We are advifed that you have much mifufed 
 Edward Skeggs, purveyor to the Queen's mouth, in 
 making proviiion for her highnefs's own perfon, as in 
 denying him of taking -of twelve capons of two-and- 
 twenty, and, of the twelve, delivered you fix again, and 
 for his fo doing you gave him ill words, and threaten- 
 ing him to Newgate ; and gave commandment, the 
 biggeft pair of bolts in Newgate fhould be fet on his 
 heels; and faid, the Lord Steward, neither the faid 
 Skeggs, ihould have none of you for the Queen's Ma- 
 jefty ; and further faid to him, if he took your capons 
 any more, you would fend him to Newgate, and fet on 
 him fo many irons as his body could bear ; calling him 
 villain. 
 
 " For the which your mifdemeanours, for that it is 
 now a contagious time of ficknefs, we now forbear to 
 do that, which hereafter we fhall not forget to execute 
 for her Majefty's better fervice and your better know- 
 ledge of your bounden duty: charging you, in the mean 
 time, to permit him and all others her Majefty's offi- 
 cers, for the provifion of her Majefty's moft honourable 
 houfehold, to do their duty for the fame : and if any of 
 them fhall do otherwife than to their duties appertain- 
 eth, advertife us thereof and we (hall hear what may be 
 faid therein ; and, the matter proved, caufe reformation 
 and condign punifhment of the party offending. 
 
 " From the Court, at Greenwich, the 1 9th July, 
 
 1563-" 
 
 Arundel. E. Rogers. 
 
 The Mayor, being prudent, as well as fenfible of his 
 
NOTICES OF EMINENT MEMBERS. 251 
 
 own quality, and feeing this ftorm hanging over him, 
 made what friends he could at the Court; and, the 
 plague being then in the City, he durft not come to 
 the Court, tojuftify himfelf, but wrote his letters to 
 two of his friends, the Lord Robert Dudley and Secre- 
 tary Cecil, to acquaint them with the matter. That to 
 the latter was to this purport : — 
 
 " That, upon an untrue report of the faid Skeggs, 
 the Lord Steward and Mr. Comptroller had conceived 
 great difpleafure againft him ; but he affured the Secre- 
 tary, that Skeggs' s reports were moft untrue, and his 
 demeanour fo intoUerable, that, if the fame were duly 
 examined, he would be judged an unfit man for the 
 place where he ferved ; as, if the contagious time were 
 not fuch but that he might repair to his anfwer, it 
 (hould well appear. And that, if he and fuch like, 
 were more to be credited than he (the mayor) was, he 
 thought himfelf a far unmeet man for the place wherein 
 he ferved. Yet he had fufficient witnefTes both of that 
 man's intoUerable comparifons and demeanours, and 
 of his, the mayor's dealings with him, that he had not 
 feen, for his time, that the Mayor of London had been 
 fo dealt with. He prayed the Secretary to have con- 
 fideration of this his grief, as it might come in queftion 
 thereafter, for their threatening portended a difpleafure 
 to come. What they meant thereby, he knew not ; 
 but that it feemed very ftrange to be fo threatened, 
 upon the falfe report of fo flender a perfon ; and efpe- 
 cially, he being of the City, fo to be borne with againft 
 the ftate of the fame, whereat he kicked to his fimple 
 -power, becaufe, for his unjuft dealing, before he was 
 retained in the Queen's fervice, he was disfranchifed ; 
 and afterwards, upon fuit made, reftored again." 
 
252 
 
 COMPANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 So warily, and yet with fuch a refpedt to the honour 
 of his office, did Sir Thomas Lodge* behave him- 
 felf.» 
 
 SIR JOHN RIVERS. 
 
 [IR JOHN RIVERS was 
 
 of an old and highly re- 
 fpedlable Kentifh fami- 
 ly;"'' his father, Richard 
 Rivers, of Penfhurft, was fteward of 
 the lands of Edward Duke of Buck- 
 ingham, and Sir John, who was a 
 member of the Grocers' Company, ferved the office of 
 Lord Mayor of London in 1573, being the fifteenth 
 year of the reign of Queen Elizabeth. His fon Robert 
 was alfo knighted, and his grandfon "John Rivers, Efq. 
 was created a baronet by King James I. 
 
 The plague broke out in London during Sir JohrCs 
 Mayoralty, and the Queen, out of tender regard to the 
 welfare of her people, enjoined the Mayor not to give 
 any entertainment at Guildhall on the day of his inau- 
 guration into office, in order to prevent the aflemblage 
 of people ufual on fuch occafions.' The Common- 
 council took this opportunity to regulate the perform- 
 
 ' I/odge, the dramatic poet and contemporary of William Shake- 
 fpeare, was the fon of Sir Thomas Lodge. 
 
 ^ This account is from Strype's " Relations of worthy Mayors," in 
 the firfl volume of his Survey of London. 
 
 3 Hafted's Hiftory of Kent. 
 
 * Maitland's Hiftory of London. 
 
NOTICES OF EMINENT MEMBERS. 253 
 
 ance of ftage-plays and interludes, which, in an order 
 of their Court, they defcribed as the occafion of much 
 fin and evil ; as the plays, being commonly afted on 
 Sundays and holydays, caufed the churches to be for- 
 faken and the playhoufes thronged. 
 
 The adtors were allowed to " perform in private 
 houfes, lodgings of noblemen, citizens, or gentlemen, 
 for the fefi:ivity of a marriage, aflembly of friends, or 
 any like caufe, without public coUeftion of money of 
 the auditors or beholders." They endeavoured, in 
 vain, to remonftrate, and they were finally ordered 
 "that they fhould not play openly till the whole 
 deaths have been by twenty days under fifty a week." 
 
254 
 
 COMPANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 SIR STEPHEN SOAME. 
 
 HE following monumen- 
 tal infcription in the 
 church of Little Thur- 
 low, in Suffolk, gives 
 
 the beft account of Sir Stephen Soame 
 
 and of his family : — 
 
 ■™^ 
 
 Confecrated 
 
 to the Memory 
 
 of the Right Worfhipful S,. Stephen 
 
 Soame K'. Lord Mayor of the Citie of 
 
 London, in the year of our Lord 1598, and Mayor 
 
 of the Staple there, almoft 20 yeares, who was the 
 
 Second Son of Thomas Soame, of Botely, alias Betely, 
 
 in the County of Norfolcke, Gentleman, and Anne, his Wife 
 
 Daughter and heir of Francis Knighton, of Little Bradley, 
 
 in the County of Suffolcke, Efquyer, and the Widowe of Richard 
 
 Lehunt, of the faid Towne,and County,Gentleman. The faid Sir Stephen 
 
 in hisLife-time re-edified andnewly Glazed the Great North Window of 
 
 the Cathedral Church of S'. Paul in London. Newly fettled and 
 
 adorned at 
 his own charge, the Roof of Grocers' Hall, in that city, gave to the 
 fame Company 10^ to be bellowed weekely in bread upon the poor Pri- 
 foners of the Counter in the Poultry of London, for ever. In thisTowne 
 of Little Thurlow, erecSted and buylt a Free School, with 2,0 j^ main- 
 tenance for a Mafter, and lOj^ for the Uflier there, yearly for ever, 
 where he erefted and endowed an Almfhoufe befides for g^poor people, 
 
 with maintenance for ever, the maintenance of both places to 
 
 be paid by annuity, forth of theMannourof Carleton inCambridgeftiire. 
 
 He departed this life May 23 being Trinity Sunday, 1619, at the age 
 
 of threefcore and fifteen yeares, at his Manfion houfe,by him formerly 
 
 buylt in this Parifli of Little Thurlowe. 
 
 The above epitaph reflects the higheft honour on 
 
NOTICES OF EMINENT MEMBERS. 255 
 
 Sir Stephen Soame, as g man and as a Chriftian ; and, 
 in order to {how the grateful eftimation in which he 
 was held during his life by his brethren of the Grocers' 
 Company, I annex the fubftance of two refolutions 
 refpedting him, which are regiftered among the ordi- 
 nances in 1 6 17 : — "The offer of Sir Stephen Soame to 
 new ciel the Hall though it fhould coft him ^500, is 
 thankfully and loveingly accepted, and the Company 
 will allow j^20 towards the fame;" upon this, work- 
 men were ordered to begin the bufinefs. The ceiling 
 was finifhed on the 2 2d O (Sober in the fame year and 
 the thanks of the Company were voted to Sir Stephen 
 for his great love and affedtion approved and manifefted 
 to them in " the full performance and finyfhing of the 
 bewtyfuU feeling of the Hall at his owne greate and 
 proper charges, therebye deferving to be regyftred 
 amongfl. the worthye benefaftors of the houfe " and 
 for returning the ^20 before paid him in part by the 
 Wardens as agreed on. " He having, out of his love 
 to the Companie and bounteous difpoficyon, ymediately 
 retorned the fame to Mr. Warden to the ufe of the 
 Companie, afTuring them that he was very joyfull to 
 fee the fayd feeling foe well performed to the content 
 and good lyking of the Companie, and that he thought 
 the cofte which he had difburfed foe well beftowed, 
 that although the chardges had bene much more, yett 
 he wold have borne the fame whoUey himfelf, and 
 foe he hartily and chearfuUy accepted of their thank- 
 fuUnefle." It was thereupon ordered that the faid Sir 
 Stephen Soame fhould be regiflered amongfl the bene- 
 fadors of the Company. 
 
 It fhould be flated, that Sir Stephen was originally 
 a member of the Weavers' Company, but, as he was 
 
256 COMPANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 ineligible to the office of Lord Mayor " on accounte of 
 belongyng to an inferior Companie and not one of the 
 twelve greate Companies," he petitioned to be admitted 
 a brother of the Company of Grocers ; his fuit was 
 granted, and he was enrolled accordingly. 
 
 SIR HUMPHREY WELD. 
 
 !TRYPE ftates that Sir 
 
 Humphrey Weld, citizen 
 
 and Grocer, was the fon 
 
 of yohn Weld, of Eaton, 
 in Chefhire, and that he ferved the 
 office of Lord Mayor of London in 
 the year 1608. 
 
 Lyfons^ in tracing the defcent of the manor of Eaft 
 Barnet, affirms it to have been fold in 161 9, to Sir 
 yohn Weld, and that Frances, the relidl oi Humphrey 
 Weld, conveyed it in 1645, to William Small and 
 Thomas Urmjione. In 1608, Ellis^ mentions Baumes, 
 or Balmes, the feat of Sir George Whit more, at Hoxton, 
 to have been in the Welds of Chefhire, and quotes, in 
 proof, the following entry from the regifter of St. 
 John's, Hackney, in which parifh that houfe is fituate, 
 " Anne Welde, the daughter of John Welde, of London, 
 Efquiere, and of Fraunces, his wyfFe, was born at 
 Balmes, in the p'ifshe of Hackeneye, in the county of 
 Midd. uppon the 27daye of September, A". 1608, and 
 baptized the fame daye." 
 
 ' Environs of London, vol. ii. 
 Hiftory of Shoreditch. 
 
NOTICES OF EMINENT MEMBERS. 257 
 
 The fame author, in explanation of this entry, after- 
 wards exhibits, partly from the Harleian MS.^ and 
 partly from a coUeftion of Shropfhire pedigrees, lately 
 in the library of Mr. Gough of Enfield, the following 
 pedigree : — 
 
 John Weld, of Eaton, co. 
 Chefter. 
 
 Joan, daur. and heir of John 
 Fitzhugh, of Congleton. 
 
 Sir Humphrey Weld,=:j=Ann, daur. of Robert Weld,=pEllen, daur. 
 
 Lord Mayor of 
 London. 
 
 Nicholas 
 
 Wheeler, of 
 
 London. 
 
 of Eaton. 
 
 of Robert 
 
 Olton, of 
 
 Wettenhall. 
 
 Sir John = Frances, daur. of John =p Robert 
 
 Weld, 
 Kt. 
 
 William Whit- Weld, 
 more, of London. 
 
 2d fon. 
 
 T~l I I 
 
 'Elizabeth. 
 -Jane. 
 3 Ann. 
 *ElIen. 
 
 John Weld, of Edmonton,=pSufan, daur. of John Banks, 
 CO. Middlefex, gent. j of Enfield, Middlefex, gent. 
 
 Sufan, aged 8 years, at the time of the 
 Vifitation in 1663.^ 
 
 The Weld family were inhabitants of the parifli of 
 St. Giles-in-the-Fields at an early period, as the name 
 of Mr. Edward Weld is mentioned in the affefTment 
 book for rebuilding the church of that parilh in 1633. 
 Humphrey Weld, Efq. eldeft fon of the Mayor, was 
 many years a Magiftrate of that diftridt, and his auto- 
 graph, in that capacity, occurs frequently in the parifli 
 books. Wild-ftreet, Lincoln's-inn-fields, or Weld- 
 
 ' 1427, fo. 106, Vifitation of London, in 1634. 
 2 Vifitation of Middlefex, by W. Ryley, Efq. Lancafter Herald, 
 and Henry Detwick, Rouge Croix, in 1663. 
 
 L L 
 
258 CO MP ANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 ftreet, as it fliould be called, occupies a portion of the 
 houfe and grounds formerly the property of this gentle- 
 man. The manfion was built in the early part of the 
 reign of Charles I. by Sir Edward Stradling, on ground 
 then called Oldwick Clofe, and fold to Mr. Humphrey 
 Weld in 1651 ; its magnitude fufficiently indicates the 
 opulence of the owner. The contemporary deeds de- 
 fcribe this manfion as having a centre and two wings, 
 audits ftreet-front as extending 150 feet in breadth, 
 and its depth behind, with the garden, 300 feet. One 
 of the wings furnifhed a fufficient refidence for the 
 Countefs of Exeter, and the other for the Portuguefe 
 and Spanilh Ambaffadors fucceffively. 
 
 It was in the year of Sir Humphrey Weld's mayoralty, 
 that James I. granted to the City, what was called his 
 fecond charter, in which the City liberties and jurifdic- 
 tions were confiderably extended, and the Mayor, Re- 
 corder, and Aldermen paft the chair, were appointed 
 juftices of Oyer and Terminer. By this valuable charter, 
 all the ancient rights, liberties, and immunities of the 
 citizens were confirmed in the mofl ample manner, 
 and the precindts of Duke's Place, St. Bartholomew's 
 the Greater and Lefs, Black and White Friars, and 
 Cold-Harbour, added to the bounds of the City. 
 
 This year, alfo, Aldgate is ftated to have been "fub- 
 ftantially and famoufly finilhed,"^ and that over one of 
 the arched paflages was fairly engraven, 
 
 Senatus populufque Londinenjis 
 
 Fee' 1609. 
 
 Humfrey Weld, Major. 
 
 Dame Margaret, wife of Sir Humphrey, by her will. 
 
 ^ Stowe's Survaie. 
 
NOTICES OF EMINENT MEMBERS. 259 
 
 dated 12th February 1622, gave, inter alia, the fum 
 °^;C30° to the churchwardens and parifhioners of St. 
 Olave's in the Old Jewry, in truft, to purchafe lands 
 and tenements, the rents of which were to be employed 
 for a divinity lefture to be preached every Wednefday 
 throughout the year for ever, " except from the ift of 
 June until the feaft of St. Michael the Archangel." 
 Sir John Frederic, alfo a member of the Grocers' Com- 
 pany, left ^^225 to be laid out in land to the value of 
 j^i2 a year, to be added to Lady Weld's ledlure.^ 
 
 SIR GEORGE BOLLES, Knt. 
 
 IR GEORGE BOLLES, 
 
 Knight, was defcended 
 from a very ancient fa- 
 mily which had been 
 refident in this country as early as the 
 time of Henry III. In the reign of 
 Edward II. they were tenants in capite 
 of the Crown, of lands in Conningefty, parcel of the 
 manor of Scrivelby.^ They had at the fame time 
 large pofTeflions at Swinefhead, which they held of the 
 Earl of Richmond by Knight fervice. 
 
 BoUe Hall in Swineftiead (now called Ball Hall) 
 feems to have been their principal refidence till the 
 clofe of the reign of Edward IV. ; when, by an inter- 
 marriage with the heirefs of the family of Hough, the 
 
 ^ Endowed charities of London. 
 2 Efcheat. 20 Edw". II. No. 16. 
 
26o COMPANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 elder branch became fettled at Hough, or Haugh, near 
 Alford, in Lincolnfhire ; and one of the younger 
 branches, the anceftor of Sir George Bolles, at Gofber- 
 kirke, now Gofberton, in the fame County. Before 
 the divifion of thefe branches, the Bolle family had 
 feveral times reprefented the County of Lincoln in 
 Parliament, and had filled the offices of Sheriff and 
 Efcheator of the fame county ; and we find them 
 eredling chantries and beftowing lands to charitable 
 ufes at Algarkirke, Wygtoft, and other places in Lin- 
 colnfhire, a clear indication of the wealth of this family 
 in thofe early times. After the feparation of thefe 
 branches, their refpedtive defcendants appear to have 
 been equally adtive in their feveral capacities of the 
 fenator, the magiftrate, and the foldier. In the field 
 and in the feat of juftice, their individual praifes have 
 been varioufly noticed ; and whilft the hiftorian has 
 recorded an anecdote of the impartial juftice of one 
 branch, the gallantry and valour of the other have not 
 efcaped the notice of the mufe. 
 
 Sir George Bolles, a defcendant of the younger 
 branch, and Lord of the Manor of Scampton, was alfo 
 a member of the Grocers' Company. He was admitted 
 upon their Court of Affiflants a° 1598, made Warden 
 a" 1599, and upper Warden or Mafler of the Company 
 a° 1606, elected Alderman a° 1607, ferved the office of 
 Sheriff of London a° 1608, and that of Lord Mayor a° 
 1 617, the duties of which laft office he difcharged with 
 a rigid impartiality, making no diflindtion between 
 the Sovereign and the Citizen. A memorable inftance 
 of this is thus recorded : — " King James not only com- 
 manded his Book of Sports to be publifhed, but affeded 
 to give example to his fubjeds, by putting the Lord's 
 
NOTICES OF EMINENT MEMBERS. 261 
 
 day to the fame ufe he enjoined by his book ; and it 
 was obferved, that his carriages commonly fat out on a 
 Sunday, when he removed from one place to another. 
 Thus they pafled through London, foon after the decla- 
 ration was made, on a Sabbath day in time of divine 
 fervice ; and making a great clatter and noife, the Lord 
 Mayor, Sir George BoUes, commanded them to be 
 flopped. The officers belonging to the carriages re- 
 turned immediately to the Court, and complained to 
 the King of this violence ; upon which his Majefty in 
 a great rage fwore, ' He thought there had been no 
 more kings in England but himfelf.' However, having 
 cooled upon it a little, he figned a warrant to the Lord 
 Mayor to let them pafs, which the latter obeyed with 
 this anfwer : ' Whilft it was in my power, I did my 
 duty ; but that being taken away by a higher power, 
 it is my duty to obey ;' which being told to the King, 
 he was fo touched with it, that it is faid he fent to the 
 Lord Mayor his thanks for it." King James fliortly 
 after conferred on him the honour of Knighthood. 
 
 This worthy and venerable charafter continued in 
 the exercife of his duties as a Magiftrate and Member 
 of the Grocers' Company till three months before his 
 death. He died the ift of September 1621, at the 
 advanced age of eighty-three years and was buried on 
 the 25th of the fame month in the family vault at St. 
 Swithins, London Stone, where a monument, eredted 
 to his memory on the fouth fide of the chancel, by his 
 wife Lady Jane BoUes, (and perfedt in Stowe's time,) 
 had the following infcription and epitaph engraven 
 thereon, viz. — 
 
262 COMPANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 " This Monument 
 was erefted at the fole coft and charges of Jone Lady Bolles, in 
 memory of her late deare and worthy Hufband the Right worfhipful 
 Sir George Bolles Knight, fometimes Lord Maior of the City of Lon- 
 don, a Gentleman worthily defcended, of an ancient and unblamed 
 Family feated in Lincolnfhire. 
 
 " Which Lady Jone was the eldeft Daughter of that worthy and 
 famous deceafed Knight, Sir John Hart, fometimes hkewife Lord 
 Maior of the faid City of London, and both brothers of the right wor- 
 fhipful Fraternity of Grocers. Two branches of that virtuous ftem 
 now flourifliing ; his fon John Bolles Efquire now living at Skampton 
 in Lincolnfhire, and his eldeft daughter Anne, the wife of Captain 
 Humphry Smith of London, Grocer, who deceafed the firft of Sep- 
 tember 162 1 being aged 83 yeares." 
 
 EPITAPH. 
 Honour, Integrity, 
 
 Compaffion, 
 Thofe three fill'd up 
 
 The life-time of this man. 
 Of Honour, the grave 
 Prstorfhip he bare. 
 Which he difcharg'd with 
 
 Confcience, truth, and care. 
 He poffefs'd earth 
 
 As he might Heaven pofiefle. 
 Wife to doe right, 
 
 But never to opprefle. 
 His charity was better 
 Felt than knowne ; 
 For when he gave, 
 
 There was no trumpet blown. 
 What more can be compris'd 
 
 In one man's fame, 
 To crowne a foule. 
 
 And leave a living name ? 
 All his juft praife 
 
 In her life may be read. 
 The true wife of his worth 
 As of his bed.^ 
 
 Illingworth's account of the parifh of Scampton, p. 43 to 46. 
 
NOTICES OF EMINENT MEMBERS. 263 
 
 SIR PETER PROBY. 
 
 ANDOLPH PROBY 
 
 of the city of Chefter, 
 
 fettled at the clofe of 
 
 the fifteenth century, at 
 Brampton, in the county of Hunting- 
 don, and, by a daughter of 
 
 Bernard, Efq. had two fons, namely, 
 Ralph of Brampton, who died in 1605 without iffue, 
 and Sir Peter of Brampton, Citizen and Grocer, who 
 was Lord Mayor in 1622. He married Ehzabeth, 
 daughter of John Thoroughgood oi Chivers in the county 
 of EiTex, Efq. leaving five fons ^ and one daughter. 
 
 His eldeft fon. Sir Heneage Proby, fucceeded him 
 and was Sheriff of Bucks in 1600 ; he married Helen, 
 daughter of Edward Allen, of Finchley, in the county 
 of Middlefex, Efq. and, by her, had Sir Thomas the 
 firft baronet, in 1662, who married Frances daughter 
 of Sir Thomas Cotton, of Connington, Bart., by whom 
 he had iffue, Thomas, who died unmarried, and Alice, 
 who, by Thomas Wentworth, of Harrowden in the 
 county of Northampton, Efq. was mother of Thomas, 
 firft Marquefs of Rockingham. Sir Thomas reprefented 
 the county of Huntingdon in feveral parliaments ; and 
 died, without male iffue, in 1689. He was fucceeded 
 in his eftates by his brother John, who married Jane, 
 daughter of Sir Richard Cuji, Bart., anceftor of the 
 
 ^ The fecond fon was a confiderable benefa£tor to Jefus College 
 Cambridge. 
 
264 COMPANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 'Earls of Brownlonjo. John died without iffue male in 
 17 10, when his eflates devolved to the heir male, 
 William Proby, Efq., Governor of Fort St. George. 
 His only fon, John, reprefented the county of Hunt- 
 ingdon in feveral parliaments ; and, by the Honourable 
 "Jane Levefon Gower, eldefl; daughter of yohn Lord 
 Gower and granddaughter of John Duke of Bedford, 
 had iffue, among other children. Sir John Proby, eldeft 
 fon, member for Huntingdonfhire in three fucceffive 
 parliaments, K.B., Lord of the Admiralty in 1757, a 
 Privy Counfellor, and created Baron Carysfort, of Ca- 
 rysfort, in the county of Wicklow, in 1752. Sir John 
 married the Honourable Elizabeth Allen, lifter and co- 
 heir of John, third Vifcount Allen, by whom he had 
 John Jofhua, the prefent and fecond Lord, who was 
 advanced to the dignity of Earl of Carysfort, in 1789, 
 and created a Peer of England on the 13th of January 
 1 80 1, by the title of Baron Carysfort of Norman 
 Crofs in the county of Huntingdon. 
 
 In 1616 our Sir Peter Proby, who had previoufly 
 been appointed Governor of the colony of Ulfter, in 
 Ireland, by fpecial commiffion from the King and the 
 City of London, repaired thither, attended by divers of 
 the moft eminent citizens, to regulate certain affairs 
 belonging to the plantation, taking with him two rich 
 fwords of ftate, as a prefent from the City, to be carried 
 before the Mayors of Londonderry and Coleraine, the 
 former having been fome time before erefted into a 
 City, and the latter into a Mayor-town.^ 
 
 ' Maitland's Hiftory of London. 
 
NOTICES OF EMINENT MEMBERS. 265 
 
 THOMAS, LORD COVENTRY, OF 
 AYLESBOROUGH. 
 
 IHOMAS LORD CO- 
 VENTRY was defcend- 
 ed from a long line of an- 
 ceftors, the firft of whom, 
 on record, was Jo/in Coventry, Mer- 
 cer, of the City of London and Lord 
 Mayor in the 4th year of Henry VL 
 
 He was born at Croome d'Abitot in Worcefterfhire, 
 in 1578, became a gentleman commoner of Baliol 
 College Oxford at the age of fourteen and, three 
 years afterwards, was entered a member of the Inner 
 Temple. His father Thomas Coventry, who died in 
 1606, having been one of the Juftices of the Court of 
 Common Pleas, he purfued his fleps in the ftudy of 
 the municipal laws; and, in the 14th year of James L, 
 was chofen Autumn Reader to the above focietv ; in 
 the month of November in the fame year, he was 
 eledied Recorder of London and, in March following, 
 conftituted Solicitor-General and received the honour 
 of Knighthood at Theobald's, Four years afterwards 
 he was made Attorney-General and, from thence, ad- 
 vanced to the eminent office of Lord-Keeper of the 
 Great Seal of England, by King Charles I., in Novem- 
 ber 1625. He was created a Baron of the realm in 
 1628, by the title oi Lord Coventry, of Ayleibury.* 
 
 ' Collins's Peerage, vol. v. 
 
 M M 
 
266 COMPANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 Lord Clarendon fays of him that " he was a man of 
 wonderful gravity and wifdom ; and underftood not 
 only the whole fcience and myftery of the law : at 
 leaft, equally with any man who had ever fat in that 
 place ; but had a clear conception of the whole policy 
 of the government both of church and ftate ; which, 
 by the unfkilfulnefs of fome well-meaning men, juflled 
 each the other too much." Further, continues the 
 fame author in another place, " He difcharged all the 
 offices he went through with great abilities, and Angu- 
 lar reputation of integrity; that he enjoyed his place 
 of Lord Keeper with a univerfal reputation (and fure, 
 juftice was never better adminiftered) for the fpace of 
 about fixteen years, even to his death,^ fome months 
 before he was fixty years of age." His patent of cre- 
 ation, as a Baron of the realm, enumerates the fervices 
 rendered to the Crown and to the country at large; and 
 the following extradt from it will fhew the eftimation 
 he flood in with the King : — " Nos igitur inperfond pra- 
 dileSii & perquamjidelis confiliarii nojiri T homes Coventry, 
 Militis, cujlodis magni Jigillt noJlri Anglia, gratijjima et 
 dignijjima fervitia, qua idem conjiliarius nojier tarn prce- 
 charijjimo fatri nojlro "Jacobo Regi beatce memoriee per 
 mult OS annos, quam nobis ab ifjis Regni nojiri primis 
 aufpiciis JideliJJime et prudentijjtme prcejlitit et impendit, 
 indiefque impendere non dejijitt ; necnon circumfpeSlionem, 
 prudentiam, Jirenuitatem, dexteritatem, integritatem, in- 
 dujiriam, erga nos et Coronam nojiram animo benigno & 
 regali intime recolentes conjiantiam et jidelitatem ipjius 
 Thomce Coventry, Militis, &c. In cujus rei, &c. T. R. 
 apud Weji?n. decimo die Apr His, anno regni Regis Ca- 
 roll i^r 
 
 ' Hiftory of England, vol. iii. 
 
NOTICES OF EMINENT MEMBERS. 267 
 
 One of the moft honourable teflimonials of this 
 learned Lord's fuccefs in the difcharge of his arduous 
 fundions as Chancellor, is adduced by Fu//er, who fays 
 — " I muft not forget that it hath been obferved, that 
 never Lord-Keeper made fewer orders, which after- 
 wards were reverfed, than this Lord Coventry ; which 
 fome afcribe to his difcretion, grounding moft of his 
 orders on the confent and compromife of the parties 
 themfelves interefted therein, whofe hands, fo tied up 
 by their own adt, were the more willing to be quiet 
 for the future."! 
 
 Lord Coventry was admitted a member of the Gro- 
 cers' Company in the year 1627 and is the firft lawyer 
 who ever received that honour.'^ 
 
 He died at Durham-Houfe in the Strand in London, 
 on the 14th January 1629 and was interred atCroome 
 d'Abitot, in the fame vault with his father. 
 
 ' Worthies of England, vol. ii. p. 470. 
 
 * His Lordfhip muft have been popular with the Company for 
 feveral years before his admiflion into it, as I find in the books that, 
 on the 15th Dec. 1625, twenty fugar-loaves, and fuch other fpices as 
 the Wardens Ihould think fit, to the full value of ^^20, were ordered 
 to be given to Lord-Keeper Coventry, " as a free and loving gratuity 
 from the Court." 
 
268 
 
 COMPANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 Majefty 
 
 CHARLES THE SECOND, by the Grace of 
 God, King of England, Scotland, France, 
 AND Ireland, Defender of the Faith, &c.&c. 
 
 *N 1660, the year 
 I of his reftoration 
 
 to the throne of 
 
 England, His 
 was gracioufly 
 pleafed to permit his name 
 to be enrolled as a Member 
 of the Worfhipful Company 
 of Grocers, and as their 
 Sovereign Master for 
 that year. The Company 
 eredled a ftatue of His Ma- 
 jefty in the Royal Exchange, in 1684, as a teftimonial 
 of their grateful refped: and attachment to his Royal 
 perfon. 
 
NOTICES OF EMINENT MEMBERS. 269 
 
 GEORGE MONK, DUKE OF ALBEMARLE. 
 
 " He is a foldier, fit to ftand by Csfar 
 And give direflion." 
 
 Othello. Aa ii. Sc. 3. 
 
 jHE details of the life and 
 aftions of this illuftrious 
 Nobleman are fo gene- 
 rally known, that it be- 
 comes unneceflary to repeat them 
 here at length. He was defcended 
 of a family, fettled, fo early as the 
 reign of Henry IIL at Potheridge, in Devonfhire, 
 where he was born on the 6th day of December 1608, 
 and was educated by his grandfather. Sir George Smith, 
 with whom he almofl entirely refided. As he expedted 
 no inheritance from his father. Sir Thomas Monk^ he 
 dedicated himfelf to the profeffion of arms from his 
 youth. His father's reduced fortune was the means of 
 exciting the firft ebullition of fpirit in him, and of 
 compelling him to enter into military fervice at the 
 age of feventeen, which was earlier than was intended.^ 
 Sir Thomas, it appears, was in danger of being taken 
 in execution at the time that King Charles the Firji 
 made a progrefs into the Weft and came to Plymouth, 
 to review the forces intended for the Spanifli expe- 
 dition ; and, being willing to make an appearance 
 fuitable to his rank on that occafion, he fent his fon 
 
 ^ Biographical Diflionary, vol. v. 
 = Skinner's Life of Monk. 
 
270 COMP^Nr OF GROCERS. 
 
 George to offer a prefent to the under-ftierifF of the 
 county and to entreat him not to execute his warrant 
 againft him at that particular time : the under-fheriff 
 accepted the gratuity and promifed forbearance; not- 
 withftanding which, he afterwards publicly arretted 
 Sir Thomas in the face of the county. The young 
 man was fo irritated at this fcandalous treatment of 
 his father, that he went to Exeter and, firft upbraided 
 and then caned, the under-fheriff for his double-deal- 
 ing. The attorney immediately applied for legal re- 
 drefs, and, in order to avoid the fuit, young Monk was 
 obliged to fhelter himfelf in the King's fervice. Whe- 
 ther this induced his adverfary to drop the profecution, 
 or whether the matter was afterwards arranged, is not 
 known. 
 
 George Monk began by ferving in the Low Countries, 
 under the Lords Oxford and Gowring. In the civil 
 wars, he at firfl adhered to the King, but, having fuf- 
 fered a tedious imprifonment for his loyalty, he entered 
 into the fervice of the Parliament. He fignalized 
 himfelf at the battle of Dunbar, where he had a prin- 
 cipal fhare in that important vidtory. He was, fubfe- 
 quently, employed by Cromwell in reducing Scotland, 
 which he did effeftually and was entrufled with the 
 chief management of affairs in that kingdom.' He 
 was afterwards the great inflrument of the Refloration, 
 and was rewarded with the Order of the Garter and 
 with the Dukedom of Albemarle, by Charles the Se- 
 cond. 
 
 He fignalized his courage in an aflonifhing manner 
 
 ' Granger's Biographical Hiftory, vol. iii. 
 2 Skinner's Life of Monk. 
 
NOTICES OF EMINENT MEMBERS. 271 
 
 in the memorable engagement with the Dutch, which 
 began the ift of June 1666 and continued four days. 
 He was very near being overpowered by numbers, 
 when he was joined, on the third day, by Prince Rupert, 
 who ravifhed the vidlory from the enemy's hands. 
 The laft difplay of his courage, equal at leaft to any 
 other adt of his life, was in expoling himfelf to the 
 cannon-fhot of the Dutch, when they burned the Eng- 
 lifti fhips at Chatham. This effort of valour, which 
 looked like rafhnefs, was then abfolutely neceffary to 
 encourage others to do their duty. The love which 
 the feamen entertained for him had as great an influence 
 on board the fleet, as his perfonal bravery. They fre- 
 quently called him "honeft George Monk."^ 
 
 General Monk was eledted a member of the Grocers' 
 Company in February 1660, and the freedom prefented 
 to him at a magnificent entertainment, given at the 
 Hall, the particulars of which are detailed at page 20. 
 The Duke of Albemarle, deceafed on the 4th of Ja- 
 nuary 1669, leaving one fon, named Chriftopher, who 
 was appointed Governor of Jamaica in 1687, and who 
 died there the fame year, leaving no iflTue. 
 
 The remarks which I had occafion to make in re- 
 lating the life of Sir Nicholas Brember, refpedting the 
 partiality of hiftorians in narrating the aftions of illuf- 
 trious men and colouring them according to their own 
 political feelings, are nowhere more ftrongly illufl:rated 
 than in the cafe of the Duke of Albemarle. The con- 
 temporary writers, one and all, are loud in his praifes 
 as a loyal and devoted fubjed:; but thofe of more 
 modern times differ in their opinions refpefting his 
 
 Granger's Biographical Hiftory of England, vol. iii. 
 
272 COMPANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 motives; the fafts, of courfe, they cannot alter, " Never 
 fubjed:, in fad:," fays Hume, " probably, in his inten- 
 tions had deferved better of his king and country. In 
 the fpace of a few months, without efFufion of blood, 
 by his cautious and difinterefted condudl alone, he had 
 bellowed fettlement on three kingdoms, which had 
 long been torn with the moft violent convulfions. 
 And, having obftinately refufed the moft inviting con- 
 ditions offered him by the King, as well as by every 
 party in the kingdom, he freely reftored his injured 
 mafter to the throne." 
 
 Oppofed to this are the fentiments of Charles James 
 Fox, which he thus expreffes : — " The army, by fuch 
 a concurrence of fortuitous circumftances as hiftory 
 teaches us not to be furprifed at, had fallen into the 
 hands of one, than whom a bafer could not be found 
 in its loweft ranks. Perfonal courage appears to have 
 been Monk's only virtue ; referve and diffimulation made 
 up the whole flock of his wifdom. There is reafon to 
 believe that, from the general bias of the Prefbyterians 
 as well as of the Cavaliers, Monarchy was the preva- 
 lent wifh ; but it is obfervable that, although the par- 
 liament was, contrary to the principle upon which it 
 was pretended to be called, compofed of many avowed 
 Royalifls, yet none dared to hint at the refloration of 
 the King, till they had Monk's permifTion, or rather 
 command, to receive and confider his letters. It is 
 impoffible, in reviewing the whole of this tranfadtion, 
 not to remark, that a General who had gained his rank, 
 reputation, and flation in the fervice of the republic, 
 and vv^hat he, as well as others, called, however falfely, 
 the caufe of liberty, made no fcruple to lay the nation 
 proflrate at the feet of a Monarch, without a fingle 
 
NOTICES OF EMINENT MEMBERS. 273 
 
 provifion in favour of that caufe ; and, if the promife 
 of indemnity may feem to argue that there was fome 
 attention, at leaft, paid to the fafety of his affociates in 
 arms, his fubfequent condudt gives reafon to fuppofe 
 that even this provifion was owing to any other caufe 
 rather than to any generous feeUng in his breaft ; for 
 he not only acquiefced in the infults fo meanly put upon 
 the illuftrious corpfe of Blake, under whofe aufpices 
 and commands he had performed the moft creditable 
 fervices of his life, but, in the trial of Argyll, produced 
 letters of friendfhip and confidence, to take away the 
 life of a nobleman, the zeal and cordiality of whofe 
 co-operation with him, proved by fuch documents, 
 were the chief ground of his execution ; thus, gratui- 
 toufly furpaffing in infamy thofe miferable wretches, 
 who, to fave their own lives, are fometimes perfuaded 
 to impeach and fwear away the lives of their accom- 
 plices." This is ftrong language, and quite incom- 
 patible with the calm, dignified and impartial tone 
 which the writer of hiftory ought, on all occafions, to 
 adopt. It is worthy of remark, however, that fince 
 Fox wrote the paflTage I have jufl quoted, the memoirs 
 of Evelyn and of Fepys have come to light. Thefe 
 writers, whofe diaries were never intended for publica- 
 tion, and who, from their charadters, are entitled to 
 credit, are agreed in their opinions of General Monk ; 
 the latter, in particular, has the following paflage : — 
 "The General, boldly and fortunately, brought to 
 pafs that noble revolution, following it, to his eternal 
 honour, by reftoring a banifhed prince and the people's 
 freedom."^ Opinions to a fimilar effeft are feveral 
 
 * Memoirs of John Evelyn, vol. iii. 8vo. edit. 
 
 N N 
 
274 COMPANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 times repeated in the abovementioned works. Prince, 
 in his "Worthies of Devon,"* writes as follows, on 
 the fame fubjedl : — " At this time many endeavours 
 were ufed to perfuade the General to alTume the fu- 
 preme government of England to himfelf, efpecially 
 by many of thofe who were concerned in the late 
 King's murder, and the pofTeffion of the crown and 
 church lands ; but the General renounced all fuch 
 fuggeftions with the greateft anger and averfion ; 
 holding a greater honour to be an honeft fubjed than 
 a great ufurper," Such ftatements, coming from per- 
 fons who lived at the time, are, furely, more worthy 
 of credit and confidence than the mere conjectures of 
 authors who wrote a century and a half later. 
 
 SIR THOMAS ALLEYN, BART. 
 
 IR THOMAS AL- 
 LEYN, fon of fFH/iam 
 Alleyn, of Hatfield-Pe- 
 verel in ElTex, was Lord 
 Mayor of London at the Reftoration 
 oi King Charles the Second, in 1660. 
 He went forth to meet the King 
 on the 29th of May in the fame year, the day of His 
 Majefty's entrance into London in triumph. The Gro- 
 cers' Company, on that occafion, for their portion of 
 the Pageant, provided " thirty perfons as riders, and 
 each a man, in livery, to attend him, (the Lord Mayor,) 
 
 ' Danmonii Orientales Illuftres. Edit. 18 10, page 93, 
 
NOTICES OF EMINENT MEMBERS. 275 
 
 for the more magnificent reception of the King's moft 
 excellent Majefty, in his paffage through this City."* 
 
 On the 7th of June 1660, as< appears by the Com- 
 pany's records, he acquainted the Court of Affiftants 
 " that he had, by fpecial friendfhip at Court, procured 
 the moving of His Majeftie to owne the Company of 
 Grocers for his Company ; and that His Majeftie was 
 pleafed to hearken to the motion and exprefs his wil- 
 lingnefs to be of the Company. His Lordfhip further 
 related that, being to attend His Majeftie (hortly after, 
 he had taken occafion to prefent His Majeftie with the 
 humble thanks of this Company for his gracious con- 
 ceflion of fo high a favour, and that he would be ready, 
 at fome convenient time hereafter, to accompany the 
 Mafter and Wardens to wait upon his Majeftie, which, 
 he conceived, was very fitting; which was very well 
 accepted and approved of by this Court, and hearty 
 thanks returned His Lordfhip for his refpeft and favour 
 to the Company." 
 
 Accordingly, on the i8th of July following. Sir 
 Thomas Alleyn notified to the Court that the prefenta- 
 tion of the Mafter and Wardens to the King had taken 
 place, and the tranfadion is recorded in the journals in 
 the following terms : — 
 
 " This day, the Right Honourable the Lord Mayor 
 made relation to the Court that, on Friday laft the 
 13th of July inftant, he did accompany the Mafter and 
 Wardens and fome others of the Company to White- 
 hall, to attend the King's moft excellent Majeftie, 
 according to the appointment of this Court, to prefent 
 the humble fuit and defire of this Company to His 
 
 The Company's Journals. 
 
276 
 
 COMPANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 Majeftie, for his gracious acceptance and owning of 
 them for his Company, which had been before-hand 
 moved to His Majeftie by a perfon of quahty, upon 
 His Lordihip's requeft and favourably hearkened unto; 
 That His Majeftie, upon their addrefs, was pleafed to 
 vouchfafe them a favourable audience and gracious 
 condefcenfion, and, with much cheerfulnefs of coun- 
 tenance and expreflions of Princely complacency, to 
 declare his readinefs to fatisfy their defires in owning 
 the Company, and being admitted thereof and recorded 
 for a Member of the Society, with other free expref- 
 fions, alfo of Princely grace and favour towards the 
 City, and was pleafed to give them all his royal hand 
 to kifs, and to confer the honour of knighthood upon 
 the Mafter of the Company," {Mr. Stephen White,) 
 " the care and effedting whereof is received by this 
 Court as an acceptable fervice, and offer of much re- 
 fpedl and honour to the Company." 
 
 SIR GEOFFRY PALMER, Knt. and Bart. 
 
 HIS learned and diftin- 
 
 guiftied member of the 
 
 Grocers' Company was 
 
 defcended from an an- 
 cient family originally feated at Holt 
 and Stoniftanton in Leicefterfhire, the 
 firft noted individual of which was 
 William Palmer, Efq. " a perfon very eminent in the 
 knowledge of the law " in the reign of Henry IV. 
 
NOTICES OF EMINENT MEMBERS. 277 
 
 Sir Geoffry Palmer was advanced to the dignity of a 
 Baronet foon after the Reftoration. He was, at firft, 
 a manager againft the Earl of Strafford, but loft all his 
 credit with that party and never recovered it, for ufing 
 a decency and modefty in his carriage and language 
 towards him ; though the weight of his arguments 
 preffed more upon the Earl, than the noife of all the 
 reft.^ He was, fays my Lord Clarendon, " a man of 
 great reputation and much efteemed in the Houfe of 
 Commons ; and in the debate about the remonftrance, 
 his fpeech not being agreeable to the prevailing party 
 in the Houfe, he was committed to the Tower, they 
 having borne him a long grudge for the civility he 
 (hewed in the profecution of the Earl of Strafford ; but 
 he was in a few days enlarged and returned again to 
 the Houfe," and did His Majefty great fervice, and Was 
 one of the Commiflioners appointed by His Majefty at 
 the treaty of Uxbridge. He was afterwards Attorney'^ 
 General to King Charles II. Anthony Wood fays of 
 him ; "He was chofen a burgefs for Stamford in Lin- 
 colnftiire, to fit in that parliament which began Nov. 
 3d 1640, wherein he was a manager of the evidence 
 againft Thomas Earl of Strafford and feemed to be an 
 enemy to the prerogative : but, afterwards, perceiving 
 well what mad courfes the members of the faid par- 
 liament took, he boldly delivered his mind againft 
 printing of that declaration, called the grand Remon- 
 ftrance ; for which he was committed to cuftody in 
 November 1642 ; afterwards being freed thence, he 
 retired to Oxon, fat iii the parliament there and was 
 efteemed a loyal and able perfon in his profeflion. 
 
 * Kimber's Baronetage, vol. ii. p. lo. 
 
278 COMPANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 Upon the declining of the King's caufe, he fufFered, as 
 other royahfts did, lived oblcurely in England, and upon 
 pretence of plotting with the cavaliers againft 0/iver 
 the Protestor, he was imprifoned in the Tower of Lon- 
 don in the month of May 1655. ^"^ ^^ ^ft May 
 1660, his Majefty being then reftored, he was made 
 Attorney-General and about that time Chief-juftice of 
 Chefter and a knight, and on the 7th June following 
 he was created a baronet." 
 
 Sir Geoffry Palmer was eledted a member of the 
 Grocers' Company in 1661, at the fame time with (S^r 
 Heneage Finch, the Solicitor-General. He died at 
 Hampftead in Middlefex, on the 5th of May 1 670, at 
 the age of feventy-two, and having lain in ftate in the 
 hall of the Middle Temple, attended by the Heralds at 
 arms, he was, from thence, conveyed in a hearfe, fol- 
 lowed by a long train of coaches of the nobility, the 
 judges, and others, through the town to Carlton, his 
 feat in Northamptonfhire ; he was there interred among 
 his anceflors, in the family vault within the parifh 
 church.* 
 
 ^ Kimber's Baronetage, vol. ii. 
 
NOTICES OF EMINENT MEMBERS. 279 
 
 THE RIGHT HON. HENEAGE FINCH, 
 FIRST EARL OF NOTTINGHAM. 
 
 iHIS eminent charadler 
 was born in 1621, re- 
 ceived the rudiments of 
 his education at Weft- 
 minfter fchool, whence he removed 
 to Chrift Church, Oxford, and after- 
 wards commenced his legal career as 
 a ftudent of the Inner Temple.* At the Reftoration, 
 he was chofen M.P. for Canterbury and for the 
 borough of St. Michael's in Cornwall and was one of 
 the leading members of the Houfe of Commons. So 
 that on the firft appointments by the King to the 
 benches and courts of judicature (June 6, 1660) he 
 was made Attorney-General, and was the next day 
 knighted, and created a baronet under the denomination 
 of Raunfton in com. Bucks. The year following he 
 was chofen treafurer of the Inner Temple, as alfo 
 Autumn or Summer Reader of that Society, when his 
 readings on the ftatute 39 Eliz. concerning the pay- 
 ment and recovery of debts of the Crown, not only 
 attracted general attention, but led to his attaining the 
 higheft honours. During thefe readings and entertain- 
 ments, which lafted from the 4th to the 17th of Auguft, 
 he was honoured with the prefence of the Nobility and 
 Privy-counfellors ; the Lord Mayor, Aldermen, and 
 principal citizens of London ; the whole College of 
 
 Collins's Peerage. 
 
28o COMPANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 Phyficians, who came in their formalities ; the judges 
 advocates, Dodtors of the civil law and all the Society 
 of Doctors' Commons ; the Archbifhops, Bifliops, and 
 chief Clergy ; and laftly, on finifhing his courfe, Aug, 
 15 th, by that of the King himfelf, who accepted an 
 invitation to dine with him in the Society's Hall ; and 
 to confer the greater honour, came in his barge from 
 Whitehall, accompanied by the Duke of Tork, the great 
 Officers of the Crown and many of the prime Nobility 
 and other diftinguifhed perfonages. 
 
 This incident is related by a contemporary author in 
 the following ftrong terms.* "This moneth of Auguft 
 1 66 1, was the reading of that excellent lawyer and 
 accomplifhed gentleman Sir Heneage Finch, his Majef- 
 tie's iblicitor at the Inner Temple, whofe noblenefs and 
 generofity were herein equal to his matchlefs abilities 
 in the laws, as his magnificence in this folemn occafion 
 did make appear, efpecially in that particular treatment 
 he gave the King, who to honour this, one of his beft 
 fervants, was' gracioufly pleafed to accept of it, and to 
 dine in that Hall, — a favour not before indulged to 
 any of thefe famous Societies by any of his Royal pro- 
 genitors. The moft illuftrious Duke of York was 
 prefent, and dined there with his brother to both their 
 likings and approbations." 
 
 In 1 66 1 Sir Heneage W2S, returned M.P. for Ox- 
 ford; and, in 1665, after proroguing the Parliament 
 which had fat there, was created, in full convocation, 
 Dodtor of the Civil Law : he being one of the four 
 members who, by order of the Houfe of Commons, 
 had communicated the thanks of that Houfe to the 
 Univerfity, for their reafons concerning the Solemn 
 
 1 Heath's Chronicle. 
 
NOTICES OF EMINENT MEMBERS. 281 
 
 League and Covenant, &c. made in 1647. Soon after 
 this, on the debate about what was termed the " Five- 
 Mile AB" when Vaughan, afterwards Chief Juftice of 
 the Common Pleas, moved in the Houfe that the word 
 legally might be added to the words commijjioned by the 
 King, Sir Heneage Finch faid it was needlefs : " for, if 
 the commiffion was not legal, it was no commiflion ; 
 and, to make it legal, it muft be ifTued out for a lawful 
 occafion and to perfons capable of it, and muft pafs in 
 the due form of law ; " whereupon the Bill pafled in 
 the Houfe of Commons, and, when it came before the 
 Lords, the Earl of Southampton moved for the fame 
 additions, who was anfwered by the Earl of Anglefey, 
 on the fame grounds and reafons Sir Heneage Finch 
 gave ; with which that Houfe was fatisfied, and the 
 Adt pafled. 
 
 It was in this year that he was chofen a member of 
 the Grocers' Company. 
 
 On May loth 1667 he was conftituted Attorney- 
 General, and made Keeper of the Great Seal. Shortly 
 after which he was advanced to the degree of a Baron, 
 by the title of Lord Finch of Dav entry in the county 
 of Northampton, (being the owner of that manor) ; 
 and, on furrendering the Great Seal, Dec. 19th 1675, 
 it was immediately delivered to him again, with the 
 title of Lord High Chancellor of England ; and the 
 fame year he was conftituted Lord Lieutenant of the 
 county of Somerfet. It is faid of him, by Anthony 
 Wood, (who took more delight in refledting on perfons 
 than giving their juft charadters,) — " that, in the moft 
 boifterous and ticklifli times, when the fwoln waves 
 beat higheft (occafioned by the Popifh Plot), he be- 
 haved himfelf with fo regular, exaftly poifed and with 
 fuch even fteadinefs, whilft others, whofe adtions not 
 
 o o 
 
282 COMPANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 being fo juftly balanced, either were difcharged from 
 their offices, or elfe they themfelves, by an ungenerous 
 cowardice, voluntarily refigned them up, as unwilling, 
 manfully to encounter approaching difficulties, of 
 which they pretended to have profpedts, that he ftill 
 flood firm in the good opinion of his Prince ; and, 
 which is more to be admired at that time, when many 
 worthy Miniflers of flate were, by the malice of de- 
 iigning men, branded with the old infamous charader 
 of evil counfellors, in order to have them to be run 
 down and worried by the violent outrages of the un- 
 thinking, giddy, and headflrong multitude : during all 
 which time and clamour againfl perfons, (which con- 
 tinued from October 1 678, to the beginning of the year 
 168 1, after the Oxford Parliament was difTolved,) he 
 was neither bandied againfl, or cenfured in the more 
 private feditious cabals, nor was his Mafler publickly 
 addrefTed to for his removal." ' 
 
 In 1 677, he was Lord High Steward of England, on 
 the trial of Philip Earl of Pembroke, who was then 
 found guilty of manflaughter. In March 1679, on 
 the impeachment of the Earl of Danby, and the King 
 figning his pardon, the Commons appointed a Com- 
 mittee to repair to the Lord Chancellor, to inquire into 
 the manner of fetting forth that pardon, whereupon 
 the Lord Chancellor informed the Committee, *' That 
 the pardon was paiTed with all privacy, the King com- 
 
 " March 22. In a full Convocation of the Univerlity of Oxford, it 
 was unanimoufly decreed, 'That the folemn thanks of that Univerfity 
 fhould be returned to the Right Honourable Daniel Finch Earl of 
 Nottingham, &c. for his moft noble Defence of the Chriftian Faith, 
 contain'd in his Lordfliip's Anfwer to Mr. Whifton's Letter to him, 
 concerning the Eternity of the Son of God and of the Holy Ghoft.' " 
 ExtraSf from the Chronological Diary for the Tear 1 72 1. 
 
NOTICES OF EMINENT MEMBERS. 283 
 
 manding him to bring the feal to Whitehall ; and, 
 being there, he laid it upon the table : whereupon His 
 Majefty commanded the feal to be taken out of the bag, 
 which his Lordfhip was obliged to fubmit unto, it not 
 being in his power to hinder it ; and the King writ 
 his name upon the top of the parchment, and then 
 directed to have it fealed ; whereupon the perfon that 
 ufually carried the purfe, affixed the feal to it." 
 
 Upon this report from his Lordfhip, the Commons 
 refolved, "That an humble addrefs be made to His 
 Majefty, to reprefent the irregularity and illegality of 
 the pardon mentioned by His Majefty to be granted to 
 the Ear/ of Danby and the dangerous confequence of 
 granting pardons to any perfons that lie under an im- 
 peachment of the Commons of England." 
 
 In April following, the King refolved on choofing a 
 new Privy Council to confift of a number not exceed- 
 ing thirty, whereof fifteen to be the chief officers, privy 
 counfellors by their places, ten out of the feveral ranks 
 of the nobility, and five commons of the realm, " whofe 
 known abilities, intereft, and efteem in the nation, 
 fhould render them without all fufpicion of either mif- 
 taking or betraying the true intereft of the kingdom." 
 This change of the Council was propofed by Sir Wil- 
 liam Temple, who was ordered by the King to commu- 
 nicate it to the Lord Chancellor Finch, the Earl of 
 Sutherland, and the Earl of Effex, but one after the 
 other; and thereupon the Lord Chancellor faid, it 
 looked like a thing from Heaven fallen into His Majejiys 
 breajl. And the King valued himfelf fo much on it, 
 that, finding thofe three noble Peers concur therein, 
 he acquainted the Parliament of his having made choice 
 of fuch perfons as were worthy and able to advife him, 
 and was refolved in all weighty and important affairs. 
 
284 COMPANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 next to the advice of his great council in parliament, 
 to be advifed by the Privy Council. 
 
 The Lord Chancellor in all affairs ihewed fuch wif- 
 dom and fuch moderation, that he w^as then ufually 
 ftyled the Englifli Cicero. He laboured to bring about 
 the accepting of the limitations on the next fucceflbr, 
 as the wifeft and heft method, knovv^ing the King would 
 never be brought to confent to the Bill of Exclufion. 
 And, in the cafe of the Earl ofDanby, though he never 
 favoured him, yet, M^hen the debate arofe in the Houfe 
 of Lords, concerning the Bifhops' right of voting in any 
 part of a trial for treafon, the Lord Chancellor by his 
 arguments carried it for them ; it being agreed, that 
 though the Bifhops did not vote in the final judgment, 
 yet they had a right to vote in all preliminaries. 
 
 On the 30th of November 1680 he was Lord High 
 Steward on the trial of the Earl of Stafford, and, on 
 his being found guilty of high treafon, pronounced 
 judgment in one of the moft impreffive fpeeches he 
 had ever made. May 12, 1681, he was created Earl 
 of Nottingham, as a reward of his faithful fervices ; but 
 a long attention to bufinefs had now worn him out, 
 and he furvived the honour only till the next year. 
 He died at his houfe, Great Queen-Street, Lincoln's- 
 Inn-Fields, Dec. 18, 1682, in the fixty-firft year of 
 his age, and was buried on the 28th of the fame month, 
 in the church of Raufton, near Olney Bucks, where a 
 fuperb altar monument, with his effigy, &c. was eredled 
 by his fon, the fecond Earl, In an epitaph are fet 
 forth his name and titles, with the particulars of his 
 defcent, the fucceffive offices he filled, his marriage, 
 offspring, &c. and an ample and deferved panegyric on 
 his talents and virtues. 
 
NOTICES OF EMINENT MEMBERS. 285 
 
 GEORGE, EARL OF BERKELEY. 
 
 I HIS diftinguifhed nobl 
 
 man was the fon I 
 
 George Lord Berkei 
 
 Knight of the Bath wl 
 died in 1658, and whofe anceft 1 
 Harding,^ accompanied William Di 
 of Normandy to England and was with 
 him at the memorable battle of Haftings. 
 
 The fubjedt of this memoir manifefted the greateft 
 loyalty to King Charles the Second^ whofe reftoration 
 he was inftrumental in promoting: for this, and for 
 other eminent fervices, as the patent exprefTes it, he 
 was advanced to the degree of an Earl by the title of 
 Earl of Berkeley ; and in 1678 was fworn a member of 
 the Privy Council.^ Having been made free of the 
 Grocers' Company in 1660, he ferved the office of 
 Mafter in 1682. His Lordfhip was appointed Cujlos 
 Rotulorum of the county of Gloucefter by King James 
 the Second in January 1684 and, in the fubfequent year, 
 became one of his Privy Council. On that Monarch's 
 withdrawing himfelf, he was one of the Lords who 
 aflembled at Guildhall ; and, having fent for the 
 Lord Mayor and Aldermen, fubfcribed a declaration, 
 " That they would affift his Highnefs the Prince of 
 Orange, in obtaining a free parliament, wherein our 
 
 ' This Harding defcended from the royal line of the Kings of Den- 
 mark. — Abbot NewlaniTs Pedigree in Berkeley Cajlle. 
 ^ CoUins's Peerage of England, vol. iii. 
 
286 COMPANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 laws, liberties, and properties may be fecured ; the 
 Church of England in particular, with a due liberty to 
 Proteftant DifTenters ; and, in general, the Proteftant 
 religion over the whole world, may be fupported and 
 encouraged, &c." 
 
 On the acceffion of King William and ^een Mary, 
 he was appointed one of their Privy Council and in 
 July 1689 conftituted Cujios Rotulorum of the county 
 of Surrey. 
 
 I have in my poffeffion an original letter of the Earl 
 of Berkeley to Sir John Moore, a member of the 
 Grocers' Company, dated 31 January 1693, which is 
 fo curious that I here infert it verbatim et literatim. 
 The Earl wants to borrow ^^500 India Stock, for the 
 purpofe, no doubt, of having a vote on fome particular 
 occafion, and it appears probable that a frequent recur- 
 rence to this pradtice occafioned the bye law which 
 exifts at prefent, and which denies the right of voting 
 to a proprietor who has not held his Stock twelve 
 months. 
 
 " Sir, 
 "Once more I take liberty to afk a favour of you wch 
 I am fure you may grant without preiudice to you, and 
 I hope you wil not refufe it, tis this, y* you wil pleafe 
 to lend me ;^500 Eaft India Stock either old or new 
 (but I had rather have old) for 6 monthes, paying you 
 intereft and when you convay y* Stock to me I muft 
 by writing covenant to reconvay it to you againe at y* 
 end of 6 monthes — This I believe wil be of advantage 
 to me as I order it — What favour I afk you now S' 
 Jhon Mordant did for me about 6 monthes paft and I 
 did lately at y= end of 6 monthes reconvay y* 500 
 
NOTICES OF EMINENT MEMBERS. 287 
 
 Stock to him againe and payed him fiveteene pounds 
 intereft Monny — I defire you will write to me a line 
 or 2 in anfwere and diredt y"^ letter thus (to be fent by 
 ye poft) for Ye Earle of Berkeley to be left at ye houfe 
 of one Heritage a butcher in hounflow ; I am S"^ y" 
 very afeftionately 
 
 " Berkeley." 
 
 Cranford, Jan. 31'' 1693. 
 For S' Jhon More K' and Alderman 
 at his houfe in Mincing Lane neare 
 
 phanfliaw Streete London. 
 
 This noble Ear/ departed this life in October 1698, 
 and was interred at Cranford in Middlefex. 
 
 SIR JOHN MOORE, KNT. 
 
 jITH the exception of Sir 
 
 John Cutler, there is no 
 
 individual to whom the 
 
 Grocers' Company are 
 under greater obligations than Sir 
 John Moore. At a period when their 
 affairs were in the greateft confufion, 
 their revenues entirely fufpended and their Hall in 
 ruins, he gave a noble example of liberality to his 
 brother Liverymen. His condu<5t is noticed in the 
 Company's books, in the following terms:—" Sir John 
 Moore, a worthy member of this Society, taking into 
 his ferious confideration the deplorable condition of 
 this Company, every year much decUning in reputa- 
 tion, by reafon of the ruinated condition of their Hall, 
 offers, as an encouragement to ftrangers to join it, to 
 
288 CO MP ANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 repair it at his own cofts, hoping to induce other 
 members, by this example, to contribute hberally to- 
 wards the Company's debts." The eftimate of the 
 propofed repairs amounted to £500, which Sir John 
 paid to the Wardens on the 14th of March 1681 ; he 
 exerted, befides, all his influence to prevail on his 
 brethren to affift him in the laudable work and fuc- 
 ceeded tofo great a degree, that, in January 1684, the 
 Court of Affiftants exprefled their fenfe of his fervices 
 by paffing the following refolution : — 
 
 " This Court being deeply fenjible of the great kindneffe 
 done to this Company by Sir John Moore, Alderman of 
 this City, a worthy member, in fo large and liberal a 
 fumme of money freely given for repairing and beautifying 
 of the Company's Hall at his own proper charge, by whofe 
 example the reji of that great work was fo commodioujly 
 carried on and perfeSled, to the great encouragement of 
 all members and benefaSlors, doe, therefore, in great ac- 
 knowledgment, order that the Wardens (to whom it is 
 wholly referred to contraSl for the fame on the beji terms 
 they can to have the fame well done J do forthwith procure 
 his pidlure to be drawn to the life, and fet up in a fair 
 frame in the Hall at the Company's charge." 
 
 The period of Sir John Moore's Mayoralty was very 
 tumultuous ; it occurred in 1682 at the latter part of 
 the reign of Charles the Second, whofe proceedings to- 
 wards the City being arbitrary and violent, naturally 
 excited all the vehemence of party fpirit. Sir John, 
 eager to fupport the Court intereft, interfered in an 
 unufual manner in the eledtion of Sheriffs, by nomi- 
 nating Dudley North, Efq., and ifluingto the refpedtive 
 Companies a precept in an unufual form. It ran 
 thus : — 
 
NOTICES OF EMINENT MEMBERS. 289 
 
 " By the Mayor, 
 " Thefe are to require you, that on Midfummer-day 
 next, being the day appointed as well for confirmation 
 of the perfon who hath been by me chosen, accord- 
 ing to the ancient cuftom and conftitution of this City 
 and county of Middlefex, for the year enfuing, as for 
 the eledlion of the other of the faid Sheriffs and other 
 officers, you caufe the Livery of your Company to meet 
 together at your common hall early in the morning, 
 and from thence to come together decently and orderly 
 in their gowns to Guildhall, there to make the faid 
 confirmation and eledtion. Given the nineteenth of 
 June, 1682. 
 
 John Moore. "^ 
 
 This dictatorial mode of proceeding gave great of- 
 fence to the Citizens ; fo much fo that when they 
 affembled at Guildhall on Midfummer-day and the 
 Common-Crier made proclamation and faid, "You, 
 Gentlemen of the Livery of London, attend your con- 
 firmation," they interrupted the proceedings, exclaim- 
 ing, with one voice, " No confirmation ! no confirma- 
 tion ! " The bufinefs was fufpended for nearly half an 
 hour, and at length, after a fpeech from the Recorder, 
 it was allowed again to proceed according to the ancient 
 method and the four following gentlemen were put 
 into nomination, Dudley North, Ralph Box, Thomas 
 Papillion, and John Dubois, Efquires. The fhow of 
 hands was clearly in favour of the two latter gentle- 
 men, but a poll was demanded and granted for the four 
 candidates. 
 
 1 Maitland's Hiftory of London, vol. i. p. 474. 
 P P 
 
290 COMPANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 The Lord Mayor, after fome time, finding that the 
 eledlion would probably fall upon Meflrs. Papillion and 
 Dubois, attempted to adjourn the meeting and retired ; 
 but the Sheriffs kept the poll open till nine o'clock at 
 night and refumed it again on the following morning. 
 In the meanwhile, the Lord Mayor and fome of the 
 Aldermen were afTaulted by the mob,' and the refult 
 was, that the fheriffs Pilkington and Shute and Alder- 
 man CorniJJo, were committed prifoners to the Tower 
 of London by a warrant figned by twenty-four Privy- 
 Councillors, who, at the fame time, ordered the Attor- 
 ney-General to exhibit an information againft them, as 
 promoters and encouragers of the late tumult. 
 
 On the Friday following, the prifoners were, by a 
 writ of habeas corpus, brought by the Lieutenant of the 
 Tower to the bar of the King's Bench and, having 
 pleaded Not guilty, they were admitted to bail. On 
 the I ft of July, the Sheriifs met at a Common-hall, 
 when the Lord Mayor, though indifpofed, fent an order 
 to the Recorder to adjourn the Hall to the 7th of the 
 month, but the Sheriffs, denying the validity of fuch 
 adjournment, proceeded in the election and declared 
 Papillion and Dubois duly chofen. 
 
 This elicited from the Government an order in 
 Council, in which it was flated that His Majefly, 
 having been informed that diforders had taken place in 
 the City in confequence of irregular proceedings at the 
 eledtion of Sheriffs, ordered, that at the Common-hall 
 to be held on the following day, all proceedings fhould 
 be begun de novo. This order, on being read to the 
 Citizens, occafioned great clamour, as having a ten- 
 
 ^ Burnet's Hiftory of his Own Time, Kennet's Hiftory of England. 
 
NOTICES OF EMINENT MEMBERS. 291 
 
 dency to Invade the privileges of the City ; neverthelefs, 
 the Lord Mayor, in obedience to its contents, declared 
 North duly eledled by him, without the fanftion of a 
 Common-hall and then proceeded to a poll for another 
 Sheriff, to which none coming that had voted for Pa- 
 pillion and Dubois at the former eleftion, Box was chofen 
 without oppofition, and North and he were declared 
 duly elefted ; while Papillion and Dubois were left to 
 feek their remedy at law. 
 
 On the 27th July, the Citizens petitioned the Court 
 of Aldermen that Papillion and Dubois might be fworn 
 in as Sheriffs for the year enfuing, and the Court re- 
 turned them the following ungracious anfwer : — 
 
 " Gentlemen, 
 This Court has confidered your petition and will take 
 care that fuch perfons fhall take the office of Sheriffs 
 upon them as are duly elefted according to law and 
 the antient cuftoms of this City ; and, in this and all 
 other things, this Court will endeavour to maintain the 
 rights and privileges of the Chair and of the whole 
 City ; and wherein ye think we do otherwife, the law 
 mull judge between us." 
 
 Mr. Box, it appears, being fenfible that the manner 
 of his eled:ion could not be legally juftified, prudently 
 declined ferving the office of Sheriff and paid the 
 accuftomed fine of exemption. A new eledlion, there- 
 fore, became neceffary, for which a Common-hall was 
 fummoned, and Mr. Peter Birch ' was chofen ; he and 
 Mr. North were then fworn before the Lord Mayor. 
 
 ' Burnet's Hiftory of his Own Time. Burnet, by miftake, calls 
 him Rich. 
 
292 COMPANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 Thus terminated a tranfadtion which fliows that the 
 Court of that period, when determined to carry a point, 
 fpared neither violence nor injuftice, and which, after- 
 wards, gave rife to the unjuftifiable attack upon the 
 City Charter and Hberties by the ifTuing of the writ of 
 quo warranto, of which more detailed mention is made 
 in another part of this volume.' 
 
 Sir "John Moor^diedin 1702 and was interred in the 
 church of St. Dunftan's-in-the-Eaft ; the following 
 epitaph, which contains fome other particulars refpedt- 
 ing his life, will fhew how juftly he merited the 
 eulogiums beftowed on him for his charity and bene- 
 volence : — 
 
 " In a vault, near this place, is depofited the body 
 of Sir John Moore, Knt. fometime Lord Mayor of 
 London, one of the reprefentatives of this City in Par- 
 liament and Prelident of Chrift's Hofpital ; who, for 
 his great and exemplary loyalty to the Crown, was 
 empowered by King Charles IL to bear, on a canton, 
 one of the lions of England, as an augmentation to his 
 arms. Who, out of a Chriftian zeal for good works, 
 founded and endowed a free-fchool at Appleby in 
 Leicefterfhire, his native county,^ and was a good 
 benefaftor to the worfhipful Company of Grocers ; to 
 the feveral Hofpitals of this City ; to his own relations 
 in general ; and to this parifti. He departed this life 
 the 2d of June, 1702, aged 82." 
 
 The following fong, publifhed at the time of the 
 inauguration of Sir John Moore, is curious : — 
 
 ^ See page 139. 
 
 ° This correfts the error committed by Strype, who fays he was 
 a native of Stretton, in Derbylhire. 
 
NOTICES OF EMINENT MEMBERS. 293 
 
 A NEW Song, on the instalment of Sir John Moor, 
 Lord Mayor of London. 
 
 To the tune of " St. George for Englandy 
 
 You London lads rejoice, 
 
 And caft away your care, 
 Since with one heart and voice 
 
 Sir John is chofen Mayor ; 
 The famous Sir John Moor, 
 
 Lord Mayor of London town. 
 To your eterrial praife 
 
 Shall ftand a fubjedt of renown 
 Amongft your famous worthies, 
 
 Who have been moft efteem'd ; 
 For Sir John, Sir John, 
 
 Your honour hath redeem'd. 
 Sir John he's for the King's right, 
 
 Which rebels would deftroy. 
 Vive, Vive, Vive le Roy. 
 
 When with a Hide-bound Mayor 
 
 The town was in difl:ra£tion, 
 Sir John clapt in the chair. 
 
 And cur'd the hall of faftion ; 
 He to the people fliew'd 
 
 Their duty and allegiance, 
 How to the facred King and laws 
 
 They pay their due obedience. 
 Sir George unto the people 
 
 A loyal fpeech did give ; 
 But Sir JoM, Sir John, 
 
 Your honour did retrieve. 
 Sir John is for allegiance. 
 
 Which rebels would deftroy. 
 Vive, Vive, Vive le Roy. 
 
 When thou waft laft, O London, 
 
 In faftion and fedition 5 
 By Whigs and zealots are undone. 
 
 While they were in commiffion ; 
 When treafon, like Old Noll's brigade. 
 
294 COMPANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 Did gallop through the town, 
 And loyalty (a tyr'd jade) 
 
 Had caft her rider down ; 
 The famous Sir John Jeffrys 
 
 Your charter did maintain ; 
 But Sir John, Sir John, 
 
 Reftor'd your fame again. 
 Sir John, he is for monarchy. 
 
 Which rebels would deftroy. 
 Vive, Vive, Vive le Roy. 
 
 When the Mayor, with flierifFs mounted, 
 
 And jealoufies contriv'd. 
 And all the town run after. 
 
 As if the devil driv'd ; 
 Then famous Sir John Moor 
 
 Thy loyalty reftor'd. 
 And noble Sir George JefFrys, 
 
 Who did the a6ts record ; 
 Sir George of all the heroes 
 
 Deferves the foremoft place ; 
 But Sir John, Sir John, 
 
 Hath got the fword and mace ; 
 Sir John, he is for juftice, 
 
 Which rebels would deftroy. 
 Vive, Vive, Vive le Roy. 
 
 Sir Patience would have the Court 
 
 Submit unto the city, 
 White-Hall ftoop unto the Change, 
 
 And is not that a pity ? 
 Sheriff Bethel (fave allegiance) 
 
 Thinks nothing a tranfgreffion : 
 Sir Tom rails at the lawful prince, 
 
 Sir Bob at the fucceffion ; 
 While ftill the brave Sir George 
 
 Does their fury interpofe. 
 But Sir John, Sir John, 
 
 Maintains the Royal caufe. 
 Sir John is for His Highnefs 
 
 Whom rebels would deftroy. 
 Vive, Vive, Vive le Roy. 
 
NOTICES OF EMINENT MEMBERS. 295 
 
 Sir Patience is for a parliament, 
 
 Sheriff Bethel a petition, 
 Inftead of an addrefs 
 
 Cramm'd brim full of fedition. 
 Sir Tom he is for liberty 
 
 Againft prerogative ; 
 Sir Bob is for the fubjeft's right. 
 
 But will not juftice give ; 
 And brave Sir George does all 
 
 Their famous deeds record : 
 But Sir John, Sir John, 
 
 Your loyalty reftor'd. 
 Sir John, he's for the intereft 
 
 Which rebels would deftroy. 
 Vive, Vive, Vive le Roy. 
 
 Sir Patience, he calls for juftice. 
 
 And then the wretch will fliam us ; 
 Sheriff Bethel he packs a jury 
 
 Well vers'd in ignoramus : 
 Sir Tom would hang the Tory, 
 
 And let the Whig go free ; 
 Sir Bob would have a commonwealth. 
 
 And cry down monarchy. 
 While ftill the brave Sir George 
 
 Does -all their deeds record ; 
 But Sir John, Sir John, 
 
 Your loyalty reftor'd ; 
 Sir John he is for juftice. 
 
 Which rebels would deftroy. 
 Vive, Vive, Vive le Roy. 
 
 And may fuch loyal Mayors, 
 
 As honeft flieriffs find ; 
 Such flieriffs find a jury 
 
 Will to the King be kind ; 
 And may the King live long 
 
 To rule fuch people here ; 
 And may ye fuch a Lord Mayor find 
 
 And flieriffs every year : 
 That traytors may receive 
 
 The juftice of the laws. 
 While Sir John, Sir John 
 
296 COMPANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 Maintains the royal caufe ; 
 Sir John is for the King ftill, 
 
 Whom rebels would deftroy. 
 Vive, Vive, Vive le Roy. 
 
 JOHN SHEFFIELD, DUKE OF 
 BUCKINGHAMSHIRE. 
 
 " That wit, which, or in council, or in fight, 
 Still met the emergence, and determin'd right." 
 
 Papers Odyjfey, book xiv. 
 
 ^g^^ HE family of S/ieJleld was 
 
 eminent, fo far back as 
 
 the reign of Henry III., 
 
 in the perfon of Sir Ro- 
 bert Sheffield, Knt., who, by Fehcia, 
 his wife, daughter and heir of Terne- 
 by, had Robert, his fon, who married 
 Anne, daughter and co-heir of Sir Simon Goure, and 
 had iffue, Thomas, who died S. P., and Robert Sheffield, 
 grandfather of Edmund, created firft Baron Sheffield, in 
 the firft year of Edward VI. His grandfon Edmund, 
 who greatly diftinguifhed himfelf in the reigns of ^een 
 Elizabeth, of James I., and Charles I., was, by the 
 latter, advanced to the dignity of Earl of Mulgrave, in 
 Yorkfhire.^ His great grandfon was John, the fubjedt 
 of the prefent notice. 
 
 He became one of the moft eminent noblemen of 
 his day, appeared in various places of honour and truft 
 
 ^ Banks's Dormant and Extin6t Baronage, vol. iv. 
 
NOTICES OF EMINENT MEMBERS. 297 
 
 and was advanced to a degree of dignity beyond all his 
 predeceffors, being created Margms of Normandy in 
 the fixth year of William and Mary and in 1703 the 
 fecond of Queen Anne, DuAe of Normanby and Duke 
 of Buckinghamjhire. ^ 
 
 At the breaking out of the fecond Dutch war in 
 1672, he went to fea as a volunteer under the Biike of 
 Tork, and behaved with fo much gallantry at the battle 
 of Solebay, that, on his return to London, the King 
 gave him the command of the Royal Katharine, the 
 beft fecond-rate fhip then in the navy ; and it is not a 
 little curious, that notwithftanding this, we find him 
 in the enfuing year, though at fea, yet adting in the 
 poft and with the commiflion of a Colonel, having 
 himfelf raifed a regiment of foot, to ferve with the 
 forces fent under the command of Marjhal de Schom- 
 berg. 
 
 The Duke was a man of great literary attainments 
 and was author of feveral works, in profe and in verfe, 
 which were publifhed fhortly after his death. Walpole, 
 in his Catalogue of Noble Authors, fpeaks in rather 
 flighting terms of thefe produdlions, as he fays, " It is 
 certain, that his Grace's compofitions in profe have 
 nothing extraordinary in them ; his poetry is moft in- 
 different, and the greateft part of both is already fallen 
 into total negledl." This opinion, however, muft be 
 received with caution, as it is well known that when 
 Horace Walpole took the critical lafh in hand, he laid 
 it on unfparingly. The Duke fucceffively filled the 
 offices of Chamberlain to James 11. , Privy Seal and 
 afterwards Prefident of the Council to Queen Anne. 
 
 1 Beatfon's Political Index. 
 
298 COMPANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 He died in 1720, leaving one fon, who died when 
 quite a youth and with whom the title became ex- 
 tinft. 
 
 His Grace, while Ear/ of Mulgrave, was elefted a 
 Member of the Grocers' Company ; and in 1 684 was 
 chofen Mailer for the year enfuing. 
 
 SIR JOHN CUTLER, BART. 
 
 " On rend quelquefois juftice bien tard." 
 
 Voltaire. EJfay on the Emperor Julian. 
 
 ; HERE is no part of the 
 
 work I have undertaken, 
 
 to which I feel myfelf fo 
 
 incompetent to do juf- 
 tice, as the vindication of Sir John 
 Cutler's memory from the obloquy 
 and calumnies by which it has been 
 aflailed for nearly a century and half. In endeavour- 
 ing to refute the aflertions of a man like Pope, I am 
 confcious that I have no light tafk to perform ; but as 
 I ihall adduce nothing in defence of Sir John Cutler, 
 which is not fufceptible of proof, I trull I Ihall fucceed 
 in removing, at leall a part of the prejudice which 
 has been created againll him by a poet, who, in the 
 words of his eulogift, Johnfon, " was fometimes wanton 
 in his attacks," and many of whofe efforts " exhibit 
 nothing but cool malignity."^ Although the fatire in 
 
 * Lives of the Poets, vol. iii. pp. 134 and 136. 
 
NOTICES OF EMINENT MEMBERS. 299 
 
 queftion is familiar to moft readers, I have thought it 
 beft to infert it here, in order to place the " bane and 
 antidote" by the fide of each other, and thus give the 
 reader an opportunity of judging for himfelf. It forms 
 a part of Pope's third epiftle, addreffed to Lord Bathurji, 
 on the ufe of riches. 
 
 " His grace's fate, fage Cutler could forefee. 
 And well, he thought, advis'd him, live like me. 
 As well, his grace reply'd, like you. Sir John ? 
 That I can do when all I have is gone ! 
 Refolve me, reafon, which of thefe is worfe. 
 Want, with a full or with an empty purfe ? 
 Thy life more wretched. Cutler, was confefs'd ; 
 Arife and tell me, was thy death more blefs'd ? 
 Cutler faw tenants break, and houfes fall. 
 For very want he could not build a wall. 
 His only daughter in a ftranger's pow'r. 
 For very want he could not pay a dow'r. 
 A few grey hairs his rev'rend temples crown'd ; 
 'Twas very want that fold them for two pound. 
 What ! e'en deny'd a cordial at his end, 
 Banifli'd the do£lor, and expell'd the friend ? 
 What but a want, which you, perhaps, think mad 
 Yet numbers feel, the want of what he had ! ' 
 Cutler and Brutus, dying, both exclaim, 
 Virtue and wealth, what are ye but a name ? " 
 
 All this is extremely bitter and, if founded on fadt, 
 would ftamp Sir John Cutler as one of the bafeft and 
 moft loathfome charadters that ever lived ; and it is to 
 be lamented that Pennant, w^hofe good-nature might 
 have taught him better, {hould give additional currency 
 
 * May one venture to accufe Pope of plagiarifm ? In Fuller's 
 Church Hiftory of Britain, ed. 1655, century 17, page 57, I find 
 the following couplet on Bancroft, Archbifhop of Canterbury : 
 
 Here lies his Grace in cold clay clad 
 
 Who dy'dfor want of what he had. 
 
300 COMPANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 to the calumny, by dwelling on it twice in his Account 
 of London and, without taking any trouble to inquire 
 into the truth, fpeaking of Sir John as "the notorious," 
 and as " a charader fo iligmatized for avarice." 
 
 I fhall now " a round unvarnifhed tale deliver," 
 which, I truft, will demonflrate that the charges made 
 by the poet and adopted by the antiquary are un- 
 founded. 
 
 Sir John Cutler's name derives no luftre from his 
 anceftors, as he came of a family whofe defcent or 
 whofe arms are not to be traced at the Heralds' Col- 
 lege. His father, Thomas Cutler, likewife a member 
 of the Grocers' Company, was engaged in commercial 
 purfuits ; but whether Sir John was his eldefl: fon, or 
 whether he inherited any fortune from him, I have 
 been unable to difcover. Sir John was eftablifhed in 
 London as a merchant, and in that capacity attained 
 great celebrity, as well as wealth ; and his opinions, it 
 appears, were refpedted and efleemed, for Pepys, a man 
 of acute obfervation and infight into the charadlers of 
 individuals, makes the following mention of him : — 
 "23d January 1662. Mr. Grant and I to a cofFee- 
 houfe, where Sir John Cutler was ; and he did fully 
 make out that the trade of England is as great as ever 
 it was, only in more hands ; and that of all trades there 
 is a greater number than ever there was, by reafon of 
 men's taking more prentices. His difcourfe was well 
 worth hearing." ^ 
 
 Sir John's attachment to his legitimate Sovereign, 
 and to the ancient inftitutions of his country, induced 
 him to take an adlive part in the meafures adopted in 
 
 ' Diary, vol. i. p. 367. 
 
NOTICES OF EMINENT MEMBERS. 301 
 
 the City for bringing about the Reftoration, by pro- 
 moting the fubfcriptions raifed for the ufe of Charles IT. 
 His important fervices on the occafion were duly appre- 
 ciated by the King, who fliowed his fenfe of them by 
 creating him a Baronet in November 1660. At a 
 later period, he obtained a grant of Arms from the 
 Heralds' College, attached to which is the following 
 pedigree of his family, extrafted from Le Neve's MS. 
 Pedigrees of Baronets,' and which is confidered an 
 official document. 
 
 Cutler. 
 
 Sir John Cutler, of London, Knight and Baronet, -^, 1660, had a 
 grant of arms 27th March 1693, in the fifth year of our Sovereign 
 Lord and Lady William and Mary, by Thomas St. George.^ 
 
 Eliz. daughter and; 
 co-heir of Sir Tho- 
 mas Foot, of Lon- 
 don, Knight and 
 Baronet, buried in 
 St. Benedia Graf- 
 church-ftreet, Lon- 
 don. 
 
 :Sir John Cutler, citizen and: 
 Grocer of London, created 
 Baronet ut fupra. He dyed 
 15th April, 1693, being 
 eighty-five years old, and 
 was buried in St. Margaret's 
 Church, Weftminfter. 
 
 Tirftwife, Eliza, 
 daughter of Sir 
 Thomas Tip- 
 ping, of Wheat- 
 field, Com. 
 Oxon, Knight. 
 
 Elizabeth, daughter, married to 
 Sir William Portman, of Or- 
 chard, Somerfett, Bart. She 
 dyed, without iffue living, afore 
 Sir John Cutler's death ; he 
 gave for portion ^^30,000. 
 
 Elizabeth, only daughter 
 and heir, married to 
 Charles Bod villa Robartes, 
 Earle of Radnor. She 
 dyed, without ilTue, in 
 1696. 
 
 Here is, at once, a refutation of a daughter 
 
 " in a ftranger's pow'r. 
 For very want, he could not pay a dow'r." 
 
 And, further, to fhow that Pope's obfervation could 
 
 1 Vol. iii. in the College of Arms. 
 ^ Clarencieux, King of Arms. 
 
302 COMPANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 not apply to the daughter by the firft wife, I have 
 afcertained that Sir John Cutler bought the magnificent 
 manfion and eftate called Wimpole-Hall, in Cam- 
 bridgefhire, which he fettled upon her, on her mar- 
 riage with the Earl of Radnor } 
 
 Having thus refcued him from the charge of being 
 an unnatural father, let us now obferve upon what 
 grounds the vice of avarice is fo pertinacioufly affixed 
 to him. 
 
 I have already ftated that the Grocers' Company 
 were bound by the flrongeft ties of gratitude to Sir 
 John Cutler, not only for his munificence in building, 
 at his fole charge, a court-room and parlour after the 
 fire of London and in contributing, at various times by 
 fubfcriptions, towards extricating them from their pe- 
 cuniary difficulties ; but for their very exiftence, which 
 is owing to his readinefs in ferving the office of Matter, 
 and in undertaking the management of their affairs, at 
 a period when all the members fhrunk from the charge, 
 as one involving rifk and refponfibility befides a great 
 lofs of time. All this favours of anything but parfi- 
 mony ; and, to convey to the reader in the original 
 words, the feelings of the members of the Company 
 at that time, I (hall here tranfcribe the refolution 
 pafTed by the Court of Affiflants on the 27th January 
 1669 : — 
 
 " J« conf deration of ^ir John Cutler's extraordinary 
 kindnefs and bountifull intendments to the Company, ex- 
 preffed in the progrefs and forwardnefs of his Jlately and 
 
 * Lyfons' Magna Britannia, vol. ii. part i. page 287. Cambridge. 
 Sir J. C. bought it of Thomas Chichley. It is now the property of the 
 Earl of Hardwicke. 
 
NOTICES OF EMINENT MEMBERS. 303 
 
 fumptuous buildings in the garden, undertaken at his file 
 charge and of his own accord and inclination, in this time 
 of exigency and defolation,for the Company's future benefit 
 and commodioufnefs. It is thought fit and agreed, that his 
 Statue and PiSiure be ereSled and placed, at the charge 
 of this Company, in the upper and lower rooms of his 
 buildings, in grat^full acknowledgment and memorial of 
 his fingular bounty and affeSlion to the Company, and to 
 remain as a lafiing monument of his unexampled kindnefs. 
 The execution thereof to be left to the Afjijlants, any five 
 of them to form a Committee and one Warden to be of the 
 number^ 
 
 An infcription was likewife placed in the Hall, of 
 which the following is a copy : — 
 
 " Sir John Cutler, Knight and Baronet, a worthy 
 member of this Company, having fined for Sherijf and 
 Alderman, nigh forty years fince, was chofen and held 
 Mafier-Warden, Annis 165^, and did, immediately after 
 the dreadful fire. Anno 1666, at his own proper charge, 
 ereB (out of its ajhesj the fair pile of building, now the 
 great parlour and entertaining-room over it ; and again 
 was chofen and held Mafier-Warden Annis 1684. And 
 alfo, in kindnefs to the Company, Annis i68y, was Afjifi- 
 ant and locum tenens to the Right Honourable, their 
 then Mafier-Warden J^ And this prefent year, 1688, in 
 their greatefi exigence, (when others, whofe turn it was, 
 declined them,) confented to be chofen the fourth time their 
 Mafier-Warden. Under whofe happy conduB the Company's 
 revenue hath been fettled, fas a mofi righteous fan£lion,) 
 to fecure the due payment of their yearly charities." 
 
 1 Sir Thomas Chichley. 
 
304 COMPANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 This infcription has lately been reftored ; and I can- 
 not here refrain from paying my tribute of gratitude to 
 the Court of Afliftants for their good tafte in ordering 
 Sir John's ilatue, which had fuffered from the ravages 
 of time, to be repaired and replaced in the Hall, and 
 thus fulfilling the original intentions of their predecef- 
 fors in 1669, who intended it as "a lajiing monument" 
 of Sir John Cutler's fervices.' 
 
 The love and encouragement of fcience are indu- 
 bitable marks of a liberal mind and I have now before 
 me a proof of Sir John Cutler's generous fupport of it : 
 — " In 1664, Sir John Cutler, having founded a me- 
 chanic ledture at Grefham College, with a falary of 
 fifty pounds a-year, fettled it upon Mr. Hooke the pro- 
 feffor of geometry, for life ; the Prefident, Council, 
 and Fellows of the Royal Society being entrufted to 
 appoint both the fubjedl and number of ledtures."'' 
 
 A further confirmation of this fadt occurs in a letter, 
 written by Henry Oldenburg of the Royal Society to 
 the celebrated Mr. Boyle, in Nov. 1664, of which the 
 following is an extradt : — 
 
 " The Society did, yefterday, chufe Sir John Cutler 
 an honorary member ; and ordered, that he having 
 declared his refolution to fettle upon Mr. Hook, during 
 his life, an annual ftipend of fifty pounds, and to refer 
 to the Society the dired:ion of the kind of employment 
 the ftipendiat fhall be put upon, fhould have folemn 
 
 * A beautiful marble buft, taken from the pi£ture in the Hall, by 
 the fculptor Olivier!, has recently been placed in the Court Room, 
 with one of Sir John Crofbie by the fame artift. 
 
 2 Ward's Lives of the Profeflbrs of Grelham College. 
 
NOriCES OF EMINENT MEMBERS. 305 
 
 thanks returned to him for this Angular favour expreffed 
 to one of their members and for the refpedt and con- 
 fidence fhowed to the whole body ; and that Sir Wil- 
 liam Petty, Dr. Wilkins, Dr. Whijiler, and Captain 
 Graunt, fhould attend the faid Sir John Cutler in the 
 name of the Society and to reprefent to him what a 
 fenfe they have of his generofity, which they have 
 more reafon to value as being the firft donation they 
 have been entrufted with of this kind, and which they 
 hope will procure a leading example to others." ^ 
 
 Nightingale^ fpeaking of the church of St. Mar- 
 garet, Weftminfter, ftates that " it had been repeatedly 
 repaired, particularly in the years 1641, 1651, and 
 1682, when the north gallery was rebuilt at the fole 
 charge of Sir John Cutler, Knight and Baronet, for the 
 benefit of the poor."^ Surely, thefe are not the adts 
 of the man who — 
 
 " Saw tenants break, and houfes fall. 
 
 For very want he could not build a wall." 
 
 Strype, in his edition of Stowe's Survey, fpeaks of 
 him thus : — " One of the wealthieft citizens of later 
 times, and a great benefadtor to the publick, (particu- 
 larly his buildings in Grocers' Hall, and the College 
 of Phyficians, fince the great fire,) was Sir John Cut- 
 ler, Knight, Grocer." 
 
 Sir John's will dated the 4th July 1690 is a further 
 evidence of the goodnefs of his heart, if any evidence 
 of that fadl were wanting. 
 
 After bequeathing legacies to public charities and to 
 
 * Boyle's Works, vol. v. p. 322. 
 
 2 Beauties of England and Wales, vol. x. part iv. p. 416. 
 » He alfo gave an annual fum of ^^37 to the parifti, for their relief. 
 
 R R 
 
3o6 COMPANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 more than fifty individuals, and munificent provifions 
 to his fervants and their children, he has this very re- 
 markable pafTage : — " Alfo, I give and bequeath, and 
 hereby diredt and appoint that, my faid executor fEd- 
 mund Boulter, Efq.J fhall diftribute two thoufand 
 pounds amongft fuch of my friends or relations as he 
 (hall imagine that 1 have neglected or forgotten to 
 mention in this my laft w^ill, in fuch proportion and 
 proportions as he fhall think fit." The whole of the 
 will, in fhort, breathes a kindly and truly religious 
 fpirit, which never found place in the bofom of a 
 mifer. 
 
 In a work recently publifhed' the author remarks 
 that " Sir "John Cutler, whom the rancid fatires of 
 Pope and the ironical reprefentations of Pennant, have 
 damned to immortality as a complete pifture of avarice, 
 has been unjuftly ftigmatifed; and, were the particulars 
 of his life known and fairly detailed, his charafter 
 would be feen to be very far removed from that dif- 
 guftingly iniquitous and unblufhing parfimony which 
 thofe writers have attributed to it." Such was my 
 impreffion on the firft perufal of Pope's fatire : and, as 
 I had engaged to commit to paper fome account of the 
 Company of which this calumniated individual was a 
 member and of which I may truly call him the pre- 
 ferver, I was naturally anxious to refcue him as far as 
 I was able, from the obloquy thus wantonly attached 
 to his name. I feel that the limits of my work have 
 prevented my doing the fubjedt full juftice: but it 
 affords me fome fatisfadtion to have been able to coUeft 
 fufficient evidence to remove the fligma which has been 
 
 ^ Londiniana, by E. W. Brayley, vol. iv. p. 138. 
 
NOTICES OF EMINENT MEMBERS. 307 
 
 wantonly affixed to his reputation. Should the fubjedt 
 be hereafter taken up on a more extended fcale, by an 
 abler and more experienced pen. Sir Jo/m Cutler's 
 charadter will fhine forth in its full brightnefs, and be 
 eftablifhed in a way to prove him to have been an 
 ornament to the City of London, and not a reproach, 
 as the writers quoted have endeavoured to make the 
 world believe. 
 
 WILLIAM THE THIRD, by the Grace of God, 
 King of England, Scotland, France, and 
 Ireland, Defender of the Faith, etc. 
 
 * IS Majejly King 
 
 William III. in 
 
 the firft year of 
 
 his acceffion to 
 the throne of England, graci- 
 ouflycondefcendedtobecome 
 a member of the Grocers' 
 Company, and honoured 
 them ftillfurther by confent- 
 ing to prefide as their Sove- 
 reign Master, for the year 
 1689. The proceedings^^ of 
 
 the Court of Affiftants, relative to His Majefty's elec- 
 tion, are detailed in another part of this volume : but 
 the record of his admiffion is regiftered in the fol- 
 lowing terms : — 
 
 " Here follows the inftrument of His Majefty's 
 
3o8 COMPANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 Eledtion and Freedom, prefented to His Majefty at 
 Whitehall on the Thurfday following, in a gold box, 
 by the Wardens ; upon which His Majefty, returning 
 them hearty thanks, was gracioufly pleafed to confer 
 the honour of Knighthood on Ra/ph Box, E/j., then 
 Mafter Warden, and afterwards they and the members 
 attending them were entertained by the Lord Cham- 
 berlain at his own houfe, at a very fplendid dinner. 
 
 Record of His Majesty's Election. 
 
 " u4d curiam ajjifientium conventorum in aula Aroma- 
 tar iorum in hanc folennem ' et felicem occajionem, vicefimo 
 fecundo die OBobris 1689, annoque regni Gulielmi et 
 Marice, Regis et Regime primo. 
 
 " Carolus vere honoratijjimus Comes de Dorfet et Mid- 
 dlefex, Regi Magijiratid Cameris hodierno die mandata 
 Regia enarrabat, cujiodibus et ajjijlentibus hujus Societatis 
 ferenijjimum et potentijjimum Regem Gulielmum, Anglice, 
 ScoticB, Francice, et Hibernice, fummum fecundum Deum 
 moderatorem, ex fpeciali erga Aromatariorum focietatem 
 benignitate ajjumere Jibi velle titulum fupremi eorum Ma- 
 gijiri et in eorum Albo infcribi. 
 
 "^ce propter Cujiodes et Ajjijlentes una "voce et uno 
 animo, Gratias reddunt facrae Regies Majejiati quod 
 Magijler Aromatariorum vocari voluit et (Regia permij- 
 Jione prius habitd) humillime elegerunt eundem Regem in 
 eorum fupremum MagiJlrumfubmiJJe rogantes ut eleBionem 
 hanc in bonam partem acciperet. ^odque vera copia 
 hujufce adfcriptionis fpyxide aura inclufd), una cum 
 gratiis totius Societatis redditis per manus Cujiodum Illuf- 
 trijjimo Principi offerantur. 
 
 Sic humillime recordatur, 
 W. Ravenhill, Cler. ejufdem Societat. " 
 
NOTICES OF EMINENT MEMBERS. 309 
 
 In the following year His Majefty granted to the 
 Company his warrant for the delivery to them, yearly, 
 of a brace and a half of fat bucks from Enfield Chace : 
 it is thus entered in their books : — 
 
 " Our moft Gracious Sovereign Lord Wil- 
 liam the 3d, having vouchfafed to become 
 Supreme Mafter of the Grocers' Company, 
 was gracioufly pleafed to beftow upon them, as 
 a fignal favour of his Royal Bounty, a brace 
 and half of fat bucks, to be yearly killed and 
 delivered to them, out of Enfield Chace, by 
 warrant under His Majefty's Royal Sign Ma- 
 nual, which here follows verbatim. The ori- 
 ginal, delivered to the Right Honourable Sir 
 Rowland Gwynne, Chief-ranger, to be there 
 entered in their book as a lafting authority for 
 the fame, to bee yearly done accordingly.* 
 
 William R. 
 " Our will and pleafure is that you kill and 
 deliver to the Wardens and Commonalty of the 
 Company of Grocers, London, from time to time, 
 yearly, and every year, in the feafon, a brace and 
 half of fatt bucks, and for fo doing this fhall be 
 your warrant : Given at our Court, at Whitehall, 
 the 24th day of March 1690, in the fecond year 
 of our reign. 
 
 By His Majefty's Command, 
 
 Nottingham. 
 
 To the Ranger of Enfield Chace, 
 for the time being. 
 
 ' In 1702, on the acceflion of Queen Anne, the Company endea- 
 voured to obtain a renewal of the grant, but without fuccefs. 
 
110 COMPANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 Grocers' Hall. 
 July the lift 1690. 
 
 " I have received the faid vi^arrant to be foe 
 entered, and fhall take care it be done. 
 
 R. GWYNNE." 
 
 CHARLES, EARL OF DORSET AND 
 MIDDLESEX. 
 
 " He was a fcholar, and a ripe and good one ; 
 Exceeding wife, fair fpoken, and perfuading." 
 
 Henry VUI. Aft IV. 
 
 ' HARLES EarlofBorfet, 
 eldeft fon of Richard 
 Earl of Dorfet^ born 
 on the 24th January 
 
 1637, ^^^ °^^ °^ *^^ ^^^ hx&di men 
 of the age. At the Reftoration he 
 w^as chofen one of the Members for 
 Eaft Grinfted and diftinguifhed himfelf whilft he was 
 in the Houfe of Commons. The fprighthnefs of his 
 vi^it, and a moft exceeding good nature, recommended 
 him very early to the intimacy of King Charles II. and 
 thofe of the greateft eminence in the Court ; but his 
 mind being rather turned to books and converfation, 
 than to vi'hat more immediately concerned the public 
 bulinefs, he totally declined it, though, as Bijhop Burnet 
 obferVes,^ the King courted him for a favourite. " But 
 
 ' Collins's Peerage. Edition 1756, page 775. 
 '^ Burnet's Hiftory of His Own Times. 
 
NOTICES OF EMINENT MEMBERS. 311 
 
 when the honour and fafety of his country demanded 
 his affiftance, he readily entered into the moft adtive 
 parts of life ; and underwent the greateft dangers, with 
 a conftancy of mind, which fhewed that he had not 
 only read the rules of philofophy, but underftood the 
 practice of them."* He ferved as a volunteer under 
 His Royal Highnefs the Duke of York in the firft Dutch 
 war in 1665, when the Dutch Admiral, Opdam, was 
 blown up, and above thirty capital fhips were taken 
 and deftroyed ; and his making a fong the night before 
 the engagement, carried with it fo fedate a prefence 
 of mind, and fuch unufual gallantry, that it was par- 
 ticularly taken notice of; and his behaviour diftin- 
 guifhed him to be a true heir to the virtues and courage 
 of his anceftors. — From hence, during the remaining 
 part of King Charles s reign, he continued to live in 
 honourable leifure ; he was one of the Lords of the 
 Bedchamber to the King, and poffefled not only of his 
 Mafter's favour, but, in a great degree, his familiarity; 
 never leaving the Court but when he was fent to that 
 of France, on commiflion and embaflies of compli- 
 ment, as if the King defigned to (hew the French, who 
 would be thought the politeft nation, that one of the 
 fineft gentlemen in Europe was his fubjecft. 
 
 Being poflefTed of the eftate of his uncle Lionel Earl 
 of Middlefex, who died in 1674, he was created Earl of 
 that county and in 1677, fucceeded his father as Earl 
 of Dorfet and as Lord Lieutenant of the county of 
 Suffex. His lordfliip, wifhing to ftrengthen the Pro- 
 teftant intereft, was one of the principal Peers who had 
 the management of affairs till the Prince of Orange's 
 
 1 Prior's Epift. ded. to his Poems. 
 
312 COMPANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 arrival :i and, in the debates in Parliament, argued 
 and voted " For the vacancy of the throne ; and that 
 the Prince and Princefs of Orange fhould be declared 
 King and Queen of England, &c." When their Ma- 
 jeflies had accepted the Crovv^n of thefe realms, his 
 Lordfhip was, the next day, fworn of their Privy- 
 Council, and declared Chamberlain of their houfe- 
 hold : " a place which he eminently adorned, by the 
 grace of his perfon, the finenefs of his breeding, and 
 the knowledge and pradice of what was decent and 
 magnificent. 2 
 
 In 1 69 1, having previoufly received the freedom, he 
 became Mailer of the Grocers' Company, on which 
 occafion the records inform us that, " for the honour 
 and grandeur of the Company, £6 fhould be allowed 
 to purchafe two new gowns for the under officers." 
 
 The record of his admiffion, which was prefented to 
 him in a filver box, was thus exprefled : — 
 
 " Ad curiam AJJifientium conventorum in aula Aroma- 
 tariorum die vicejimo fecundo OSlobris 1689, annoque 
 regni Gulielmi et Mar ice. Regis et Regince prima. 
 
 " Carolus "uere honor at ijjtmus Comes de Dorfet et 
 Middlefex Regi Magijiratid cameris admijjus eji per cuf- 
 todes hie (fedente curia) in fr at emit at em hujus Societatis, 
 quam ejufdem Societatis in fe henevolentiam pradiSlus 
 Comes de Dorfet, &c. grata animo accepit. 
 
 Sic humillime recordatur, 
 G. Ravenhill, Cler. ejufd. Societat." 
 
 On the 3d of February, in the fame year, his Lord- 
 
 ' Burnet's Hiftory of His Own Times. 
 * Collins's Peerage. 
 
NOTICES OF EMINENT MEMBERS. 313 
 
 fliip was eledled one of the Knights of the moft noble 
 Order of the Garter, and his inftallation took place at 
 Windfor on the 24th of the fame month. On the 
 29th January 1705, the Earl died and was buried in 
 the family vault of Withiam. He was fucceeded in 
 his title by his eldeft fon Lione/ afterwards created 
 Duie of Dorfet. 
 
 SIR JOHN BARNARD. 
 
 " Integer vitae fcelerifque purus." 
 
 Horatius, Carmen xxn. 
 
 ;IR JOHN BARNARD, 
 
 a merchant of confider- 
 
 able eminence in the City 
 
 of London, and a Mem- 
 ber of the Grocers' Company, was 
 born at Reading in Berkfliire in 1 685. 
 His parents being of the fed: called 
 Quakers, he was educated in a fchool at Wandfworth in 
 Surrey, under a teacher of that perfuafion. Being always 
 of a very ferious and inquiring turn, he early gave his 
 attention to religious fubjedts, and feeing occafion to 
 differ from the tenets and difcipline in which he had 
 been brought up, he conformed, in his nineteenth year, 
 to the Church of England and was baptized at Fulham 
 by Dr. Compton, then Bifhop of London. He ever 
 afterwards continued a zealous member of the eftab- 
 liflied church. 
 
 Previoufly to the event juft mentioned, and when 
 
 s s 
 
314 COMPANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 only fifteen years of age, young Barnard was taken into 
 the counting-houfe of his father, who was a confider- 
 able wine merchant in London, and fuch were his 
 affiduity and aptitude for bufinefs, that the principal 
 management of the concern was foon intrufted to him. 
 The circumftance which led to his introduction into 
 public life, was the choice of him by the merchants 
 engaged in the wine trade to attend to their interefts in 
 refpedt of a bill then pending before the Legiflature. 
 In this he acquitted himfelf fo much to the fatisfadtion 
 of a large body of influential perfons in London, that 
 they determined to place him in Parliament, as in a 
 fphere where his talents might be exerted for the 
 public benefit. In 172 1 he was propofed, without his 
 knowledge, as a candidate to reprefent the City of 
 London at the next eledlion, which took place in the 
 following year. The conteft was as warm as any that 
 had ever been known in the City, but Mr. Barnard, 
 though hedeclined all perfonalfolicitation, fucceeded by 
 the zeal and adtivity of his friends. His parliamentary 
 condudt, during a period of forty years, was in the higheft 
 degree independent and he derived from his charafter 
 as well as talents fingular influence. He diftinguifhed 
 himfelf by his oppofition to the meafures of adminif- 
 tration, then condudted by Sir Robert Walpole, and 
 particularly to the extenfion of the Excife, which he 
 condemned both in a commercial and political point of 
 view, and which, by his vigorous and afliduous eflTorts, 
 he induced the Minifter at length to abandon. 
 
 In 1732 he had obtained the honour of Knighthood, 
 on occafion of prefenting a congratulatory addrefs to 
 King George the Second, and in 1737 he was raifed to 
 the dignity of Chief Magiftrate of the City of London ; 
 
NOTICES OF EMINENT MEMBERS. 315 
 
 an office which he executed with fingular reputation to 
 himfelf and advantage to the public. 
 
 In 1745, during the rebellion in Scotland, public 
 credit received a fevere fhock, and fo much diftruft 
 was fhown towards the Bank of England, that the 
 moft ferious confequences to that eftablifhment were 
 apprehended. In this crifis Sir John Barnard came 
 forward and procured fignatures from moft of the lead- 
 ing merchants of London to an agreement, binding 
 themfelves to receive the notes of the Bank of England 
 in payment of all debts and bills, and thus the evil was 
 averted. In 1758 Sir John retired from public life, 
 and on that occafion received a vote of thanks from his 
 fellow-citizens for his long and various fervices. He 
 lived for fix years in retirement and died at Clapham 
 on the 29th Auguft 1764, in the 80th year of his age : 
 he was buried at Mortlake. 
 
 The gratitude of his fellow-citizens for his unre- 
 mitted exertions in their fervice was not limited to the 
 fimple expreffion of their thanks, but was fhown by 
 their placing his ftatue, during his lifetime, in the 
 Royal Exchange. At his death the infcription " Hu- 
 mani Generis Decus" was placed on the bafe of the 
 ftatue.^ Sir John Barnard was charafterized through 
 life by inflexible integrity, by found judgment, and by 
 uncommon ftrength of intelled:.^ 
 
 1 This ftatue wasdeftroyed at the burning of the Royal Exchange 
 the 1 0th January, 1838, and was not replaced in the new building. 
 
 This notice is compiled from Rees's Cyclopaedia and other fimilar 
 works. 
 
3i6 
 
 COMPANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 WILLIAM PITT, EARL OF CHATHAM. 
 
 " Recorded honours fliall gather round his monument, and thicken 
 o'er him. It is a folid fabric, and will fupport the laurels that adorn 
 it." Eulogium of Lord Chatham. Junius, Letter S4- 
 
 |ILLIAM ?irr, frji Earl 
 
 of Chatham, was the fon 
 
 of Robert Pitt of Bocon- 
 
 nock, Efq. who ferved in 
 Parliament in the year 171 3 for the 
 Borough of Old Sarum and in 1722 
 for Oakhampton. He was appointed "*" 
 
 one of the Clerks of Green Cloth to George II. tlien 
 Prince of Wales ; and, departing this life in May 1727, 
 was buried at Blandford St. Mary's, in Dorfetfhire. 
 His younger fon, the fubjed: of the prefent notice, who 
 was educated at Eton, ferved in Parliament for the 
 Borough of Old Sarum in the 9th Parliament of Great 
 Britain ; the Port of Seaford in the i oth, the Borough 
 of Aldborough in the i ith, and the City of Bath in the 
 1 2th till he was advanced to the Peerage. In February 
 1737 he was appointed a Groom of the Bedchamber 
 to his Royal Highnefs Frederick Prince of Wales, and, 
 refigning his place in 1745, he was conftituted in the 
 following year Joint Vice-Treafurer of Ireland ; and, 
 on the 6th of May 1746, Treafurer and Pay-Mafler of 
 the Army and was fworn a Member of His Majefly's 
 Moft Honourable Privy Council. 
 
NOTICES OF EMINENT MEMBERS. 317 
 
 He oppofed the meafures of the Miniftry in Parlia- 
 ment with an eloquence and force of reafoning feldom 
 equalled, for which her Grace SaraA Dowager Duchefs 
 of Marlborough, left him a legacy of ^10,000 " upon 
 account," as her will expreffes it, " of his merit in the 
 noble defence he has made for the fupport of the laws 
 of England, and to prevent the ruin of his country." 
 
 Having refigned his poft of Paymafler-General of the 
 Forces, he was, on the 4th December 1756, appointed 
 Secretary of State for the Southern Department, in the 
 room of the Right Honourable Henry Fox, which office 
 he held until Odtober 1761, (except the fmall interval 
 from April 9th 1757 to June 29th the fame year,) 
 with fuch honour to himfelf, fuch glory to the nation, 
 and fo greatly to the fatisfadtion of his Sovereign and 
 the people in general, as never any Minifter in this king- 
 dom before experienced. Our fuccefles abroad during 
 his patriotic adminiftration are too deeply engraved on 
 the minds of his countrymen ever to be erafed or to 
 need much mention here : let it fuffice then to obferve, 
 that all the officers, employed through his influence by 
 fea and land juftified his clear and true difcernment : 
 under hisaufpices, jimherji atid Bofcawen reduced Cape 
 Breton ; Wolfe and Saunders triumphed at Quebec ; 
 Goree and Senegal were fubjugated to the Crown of 
 Great Britain ; the French were ruined in the Eaft 
 Indies, their armies defeated in Europe ; Belleifle was 
 rent from their monarchy, their coafts were infulted 
 and ravaged, their fleets deftroyed, their trade annihi- 
 lated, and thofe ancient enemies of thefe kingdoms 
 reduced to a ftate of bankruptcy ; and that by his wife 
 plan the Havannah was torn from the Spaniards after 
 his refignation. 
 
3i8 COMPANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 He refigned the feals of his office of Secretary of 
 State on the 5th Odtober 176 1, and during the period 
 that he bore no fhare in the adminiftration, his be- 
 haviour difplayed an inflexible integrity and the greateft 
 love of his country, particularly in the famous affair of 
 General Warrants, and that of the Repeal of the Ame- 
 rican Stamp-Ad:, on w^hich he fpoke w^ith fuch elo- 
 quence, folid judgment and convidlion, as could not 
 fail to filence his opponents, and to prove that the 
 flavery of our Colonies w^ould be followed by our own 
 deftruftion. 
 
 His Majefty, at length, confcious of the weaknefs and 
 unpopularity of the Rockingham adminijiration, and in- 
 duced by a thorough knowledge of Mr. Pitt's great 
 abilities and by the general wifhes of the people, was 
 gracioufly pleafed once more to fummon him to his 
 affiftance in the arduous affairs of government, and to 
 confer new honours upon him. 
 
 Being fortunate enough to pofTefs the original reply 
 of Lord Chatham to the Minifter on this occafion, I 
 here give it verbatim et literatim : — 
 
 " Harley Street, Auguft 8, 1766. 
 
 " My Lord, 
 " I am honoured with your Lordfhip's very obliging 
 letter, which brings me the flattering marks of your 
 favourable and kind fentiments on my fubjedt — little 
 confcious of being able to do much fervice, I can only 
 venture to hope that my Zeal and Duty to the mofl 
 Gracious and amiable of Sovereigns, and my Devotion 
 to the true Interefls of his Government and People, are 
 unimpaired in a frame otherwife well nigh worn out 
 in the Publick Service. — I hope this will find your 
 
NOTICES OF EMINENT MEMBERS. 319 
 
 Lordfllip free from Pain or Illnefs, and I fhall always 
 truely intereft myfelf in your Lordfhip's happinefs ; 
 being with perfedt efteem and refpedt 
 
 Your Lordfhip's 
 Moft faithful! and moft obedient, 
 humble Servant, 
 
 Chatham." 
 
 On the 30th July 1766, His Majefty granted to him 
 and to his heirs male, the dignity of a Vifcount and 
 Earl of Great Britain, by the name, ftyle, and title of 
 Vifcount Pitt, of Burton-Pynfent, in the county of 
 Somerfet and Earl of Chatham in the county of Kent ; 
 and was pleafed to deliver to his Lordfllip the cuftody 
 of the Privy Seal, which high office his Lordfllip held 
 until the 2d November 1768, and it was the lafl public 
 employment he filled. 
 
 It cannot be denied that the acceptance of a Peerage 
 lofl him much of his popularity, which he never totally 
 recovered ; an efFedl which does not feem founded in 
 reafon. His death on the i ith May 1778, the confe- 
 quence of his eloquent efforts in the houfe of Lords a 
 few weeks before, on the queftion of the American 
 Colonies, is well known to all the world. For feveral 
 years before that event his Lordfllip was fo violently 
 affliifted with the gout that he was not only incapable of 
 attending to his own private affairs, but was, in general, 
 confined to his chamber, yet fo great was his love for 
 his country's welfare, that, whenever any quefliion of 
 great moment was to be debated in the houfe of Peers, 
 his Lordfllip would attend his duty though he was 
 obliged to be wrapped in flannels and required the aid 
 of crutches. 
 
320 COMP^NT OF GROCERS. 
 
 In April 1757 the Earl of Chatham became a mem- 
 ber of the Grocers' Company, and the copy of his 
 admiffion was delivered to his Lordihip with the fol- 
 lowing note : — 
 
 " My Lord, 
 
 In tejiimony of the grateful fenfe which the Grocers 
 Company entertain of your noble efforts to Jiem the general 
 torrent of corruption, and lejfen the extent of minijierial 
 influence, and to revive, by your example, the almojl extin- 
 guijhed love of virtue and of our country, the Court of 
 Afiflants do themfelves the honour to prefent you with the 
 freedom of their Company, and have ordered their clerk to 
 attend you with the copy, taken out of their Book of 
 Admiffion. 
 
 Alderman, Geo. Nelson, Majler. 
 
 Shute Adams, I 
 
 Thomas Heath, > Wardens.^' 
 
 John Stracey, J 
 
NOTICES OF EMINENT MEMBERS. 321 
 
 THE RIGHT HONOURABLE HENRY 
 BILSON LEGGE. 
 
 " A man of matchlefle might, 
 And wondrous wit to manage high affairs." 
 
 Spenfer. Faerie ^ueene. 
 
 HE Right Honourable Hen- 
 
 I ry Bilfoh Legge, fourth fon 
 of William the firjl Earl 
 of Dartmouth, was born 
 on the 29th March 1708/ He re- 
 prefented the Borough of Eaftlow in 
 Cornwall, in part of the 8 th Parlia- 
 ment of Great Britain, at which time he was a Com- 
 miflioner of the Navy and, foon after, Joint-Secretary 
 of the Treafury. He reprefented the Borough of 
 Orford in Suffolk, in three fucceeding Parliaments 
 and was, afterwards, chofen Knight of the Shire for 
 the county of Hants. On the 16th July 1752 he had 
 a grant of the office of Surveyor-General of all His 
 Majefty's Woods in the lands of the ancient inheritance 
 of the Crown on the north and fouth fides of the river 
 Trent, at which- time he refigned his place of Secre- 
 tary to the Treafury. In 1 745 he was conftituted one 
 of the Lords Commiffioners of the Admiralty, and in 
 1746 a Lord of the Treafury. In 1748 he was ap- 
 pointed Envoy-extraordinary and Plenipotentiary to 
 the King of Pruffia, and, on his return, in the follow- 
 
 ' Colh'ns's Peerage, vol. viii. 
 T T 
 
322 CO MP ANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 ing year, was named Treafurer of the Navy. He 
 became Chancellor and Under-Treafurer of His 
 Majefty's Exchequer in April 1754 and refigned the 
 office in the November of the fame year. 
 
 He w^as again appointed to thofe great offices in 
 November 1756, from v^^hich he vv^as removed in 
 April 1757, and vi^as fucceeded therein by Lord Manf- 
 jield ; but the nation in general, (hewing their regret 
 thereat, His Majefty was pleafed, on the 2d July the 
 fame year, to conftitute him, once more, Chancellor 
 and Under-Treafurer of the Exchequer, and one of 
 the Lords Commiffioners of the Treafury. He con- 
 tinued in thofe offices to the univerfal fatisfadtion of all 
 parties, till, upon a change of Miniftry in 1762, he 
 was turned out, as he chofe to exprefs it, and the Lwd 
 Vifcount Barrington appointed in his room. His health 
 for fome time fenlibly declining, he retired to the 
 fweets of domeftic happinefs and private friendfliip, 
 and departed this life on the 21ft Auguft 1764. His 
 death was fincerely lamented by all good and virtuous 
 men and all true lovers of their country. 
 
 It was after his removal from office in 1757 that he 
 was elefted a Member of the Grocers' Company- 
 He was the friend and coadjutor of the great Mr. 
 Pitt, afterwards Lord Chatham, whom he fupported 
 in all his endeavours to check the Whig fadtion,^ 
 whofe intrigues, at that period, diftraded the nation. 
 They were eledled the fame day, and the freedom of 
 the Company was accompanied by a letter fimilar to 
 that addrefled to the Earl of Chatham. 
 
 ^ Biffet's Reign of George the Third, vol. i. 
 
NOTICES OF EMINENT MEMBERS. 323 
 
 HIS ROYAL HIGHNESS EDWARD AU- 
 GUSTUS, DUKE OF YORK. 
 
 HE details of the 
 
 life of this Royal 
 
 Member of the 
 
 Grocers' Com- 
 pany are fo well known, that 
 it would be fuperfluous to 
 repeat them here. It is fuffi - 
 cient to flate that in 1760 
 Prince Edward Auguftus 
 K.G., next brother to his late 
 Majefty /George the Third, 
 was created Duke of York 
 and Albany by his grand-father George the Second. 
 He died, without ilTue, on the 6th September 1767 at 
 Monaco in Italy, and was interred at Weftminfter the 
 November following.^ 
 
 In June 1761, he was prefented with the freedom 
 of the Grocers' Company, which was delivered to his 
 Royal Highnefs in a gold box of the value of one 
 hundred guineas. The event is thus recorded in the 
 Company's books ; 
 
 John Lane, Majier. 
 
 Daniel Bayne, "^ 
 
 Samuel WoLLASTON, \ Wardens. 
 
 BoYCE Tree, J 
 
 1 Bolton's Extinft Peerage, page 315. 
 
324 
 
 COMPANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 " His Royal Highnefs Edward Augufius, "Duke of 
 York and Albany, Earl of Uljler, Knight of the Moji 
 Honourable Order of the Garter, one of His Majejiy's 
 Privy Council, and One of the Rear-Admirals of the 
 Blue Squadron of His Majejiy's fleet, having mofl gra- 
 cioufly condefcended to accept the freedom of the Wardens 
 and Commonalty of the Myflery of the Worjhipful Com- 
 pany of Grocers of the City of London, was accordingly 
 admitted the lyth day of June 1761, purfuant to the 
 unanimous refolution of the Court of Afflflants, held the 
 fame day. 
 
 " John Alexander, Clerk." 
 
 THE RIGHT HON. ARTHUR ONSLOW. 
 
 " The gentleman is learn'd, a mofl: rare fpeaker, 
 To Nature none more bound ; his learning fuch 
 That he may furnifh and infliruft great teachers, 
 And never feek aid out of himfelf." 
 
 Shakefpeare. Henry VIII. 
 
 RTHUR ONSLOW 
 
 was fon of Foot Onflow 
 
 Efq. and grandfon to Sir 
 
 Arthur Onflow, Bart.^ 
 chofen reprefentative for 
 Guildford in the year 171 9, and alfo 
 in the fucceeding parliament. In 
 January 1726 he took his feat for the county of Surrey 
 and, having been unanimoufly elected Speaker of the 
 
 was 
 
 
 \ 
 
 ^ 
 
 HUf 
 
 ■ Collins's Peerage, vol, vii. edit. 1779. 
 
NOTICES OF EMINENT MEMBERS. 325 
 
 Houfe of Commons, was approved of by His Majefty 
 on the 27th of that month. In July 1728 he was 
 fworn one of His Majefty's Moft Honourable Privy 
 Council and in 1729 appointed Chancellor and Keeper 
 of the Great Seal to ^een Caroline. In 1734 he was 
 conftituted Treafurer of the Navy, but refigned that 
 office in 1743. Such was the refpedl which the 
 Houfe of Commons entertained for his charadler and 
 talents that they eledted him Speaker for five con- 
 fecutive parliaments ; and, on his refignation of that 
 honourable office in 1761, he received a unanimous 
 vote of thanks from the Houfe accompanied by an 
 addrefs to His Majefty " that he would be gracioufly 
 pleafed to confer fome fignal mark of his Royal favour 
 on the Speaker, for the great and eminent fervices 
 performed to his country for thirty-three years and 
 upwards, during which he had, with diftinguiftied abi- 
 lity and integrity, prefided in the chair of that houfe." 
 On the 20th of April 1761, the King granted him in 
 confequence a penfion of ^^3000 a-year out of the 
 Civil-Hft revenue. In this year, after receiving the 
 freedom of the City of London in a gold box, he was 
 prefented with that of the Grocers' Company, which 
 he accepted with many kind expreffions of thank- 
 
 fulnefs. 
 
 This worthy man and illuftrious patriot died on 
 the 17th February 1768 in the 77th year of his age 
 and was buried at Thames-Ditton. 
 
 He married Anne, daughter of James Bridges, Efq. 
 of Thames-Ditton, and had one fon and one daughter. 
 His fon George Onjloiv afterwards became Lord Onflow 
 and Cranky, of which title he was the fourth peer. 
 
326 COMPANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 HIS MOST SERENE HIGHNESS THE HERE^ 
 DITARY PRINCE OF BRUNSWICK-LU- 
 NENBURG. 
 
 " Fair flower of Knighthood, famed for noble blood, 
 For courtly grace and warlike hardihood." 
 
 Bland. Edwy and Elgiva, Book I. 
 
 -^-■-s 
 
 V ' - -*i 
 
 'HARLES WILLIAM 
 FERDINAND, Here- 
 ditary Prince of Wolfen- 
 buttel-Bevern, was the 
 eldeft fon of Charles the reigning 
 Duke of that State in 1764, by the \. 
 Princefs Philippina Charlotta, fecond ^ 
 
 lifter to the then King ofPruJJia. The hereditary Prince 
 became connedted with England by marrying her Royal 
 Highnefs the Princefs Augujia, lifter of his late Majefty 
 George III. The degree of confanguinity between the 
 family of the Prince and the Royal Houfe of England 
 was, previoully,of the neareft kind, both being branches 
 of the fame houfe of Brunfwick, the two lines of which, 
 Brunfwick-Wolfenbuttel and Brunfwick-Lunenburg had 
 the fame common founder, viz. Erneji the Confejfor, 
 who firft introduced the Reformation into his domi- 
 nions and from whom fprung the Dukes of Brunfwick- 
 Wolfenbuttel, and the EleSlors of Hanover. 
 
 Prince Charles, although only twenty-nine years of 
 age at the time of his marriage, had already lignalized 
 himfelf in war. When the Hanoverians refumed their 
 arms, in confequence of the infraction of the convention 
 
NOTICES OF EMINENT MEMBERS. 327 
 
 of Clofter Seven on the part of the French, Prince 
 Ferdinand of Brunfwick, brother to the reigning Duke, 
 was appointed Commander-in-Chief of the Britifh 
 Army. The hereditary Prince, then in his twenty- 
 third year, joined the troops and behaved with the 
 greateft gallantry. From that time to the period of 
 his arrival in England, he is ftated to have taken part 
 in no lefs than twenty-nine adtions, in all of which he 
 difplayed great military fcience and bravery and in the 
 laft of them narrowly efcaped death. He had been 
 twice before wounded; once in the fhoulder and after- 
 wards in the leg (having his horfe killed under him) ; 
 but, in the battle alluded to, which he fought with 
 Count De Stainville, near Friedburg in 1763 and in 
 which, after a brave refiftance, he was unfuccefsful, he 
 received a mufket ball in his fide. He was tranfported 
 from the field of battle fucceffively to Homberg, Fritz- 
 ler, and Munden, at which place the wound was opened. 
 This operation, a moft painful one, was fucceeded by 
 a fever occafioned by irritation arifing from a fplinter, 
 and the Prince was for feveral days in great danger ; 
 but a ftrong conftitution and fkilful treatment faved 
 him, and, in three weeks, he was declared to be con- 
 valefcent. This was the laft adtion in which he took 
 part, as in lefs than three months after that event hof- 
 
 tilities ceafed. 
 
 His reception in England was enthufiaftic, for he not 
 only had been engaged in defending the hereditary 
 dominions of the Houfe of Hanover againft the French, 
 but he came for the purpofe of efpoufing a Princefs to 
 whom the Nation was peculiarly attached on account 
 of her virtues and amiable charadter. The City of 
 London, always foremoft on occafions of this kind. 
 
328 COMPANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 prefented addrefles of congratulation on the Prince's 
 arrival, to himfelf and to his Royal bride, offering him 
 at the fame time the freedom of the City in a gold box 
 of 150 guineas value. His Serene Highnefs felected 
 the Grocers' Company as the one to which he wiflied to 
 be attached and his name vs^as enrolled among the lift 
 of members on the i8th of Oftober 1765, the record 
 of his admiflion being prefented to him in a gold box 
 of the value of 1 00 guineas. He is therein defcribed as 
 " a Prince vpho has rendered himfelf glorious for his 
 heroic adlions, eminent for conjugal affeftion to his moft 
 amiable confort, and every other private virtue." 
 
 CHARLES PRATT, FIRST EARL CAMDEN. 
 
 " It doth appear you are a worthy judge ; 
 You know the law — your expofition 
 Has been moft found." 
 
 Merchant of Venice. Aft ii. Sc. 1. 
 
 CHARLES PRATT firft 
 
 Earl Camden, the fon of 
 
 Sir John Pratt, prefided, 
 
 for many years, in the 
 Court of King's Bench . He vf2& edu- 
 cated firft at Eton and afterw^ards at 
 King's College, Cambridge. 
 
 After taking the two firft degrees, which facilitated 
 his call to the bar, he became a member of Lincoln's 
 Inn and, emulating the example of his predecefTors 
 Cowper, Talbot, and Somers, and of his contemporaries 
 
NOTICES OF EMINENT MEMBERS. 329 
 
 Torke and Murray, foon acquired a high reputation.^ 
 After fitting for fome time in the Houfe of Commons, 
 he rofe in fucceffion to all the great offices appertaining 
 to his profeffion and, as Lord Chief Juftice of the 
 Common Pleas, he not only diftinguifhed himfelf 
 greatly, but rendered himfelf the moft popular judge 
 that had fat on the bench fince the revolution, by his 
 decifion in the cafe of John JVilkes, in confequence of 
 which a general warrant was declared to be unlawful. 
 In 1765 he was created Baron Camden; in 1766 he 
 became Lord Chancellor, but refigned foon after from 
 an avowed opinion of the injuftice of the American 
 war. In 1782 he was Prefident of the Council; in 
 1786 was created an Earl; and, unchanged by the 
 favours of the Court, he, to his honour, perfevered in 
 his original principles to the laft moment of his life, 
 having contributed much to the fuccefs of the bill for 
 explaining the law of libels, and expreffed his decided 
 opinion, "that the jury was competent to decide both 
 on law and fadt." 
 
 This illuftrious man, for many years the friend and 
 colleague of William 'Pitt Earl of Chatham, died April 
 1 8th 1794 in the 75th year of his age. 
 
 Lord Camden was author of two tradts ; one on the 
 writ of Habeas Corpus, the other in the cafe of Doe on 
 the demife of Hindfdon, which contains a refutation of 
 Lord Mansfield's argument in the cafe of Wyndham 
 •verfus Chetwynd. 
 
 He was prefented with the freedom of the Grocers' 
 Company on the 24th February 1764, while Lord Chief 
 
 1 Index to the Houfe of Lords. 
 U U 
 
33° 
 
 COMPANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 Juftice of His Majefty's Court of Common Pleas, and 
 accepted it with many expreffions of regard and thank- 
 fulnefs. 
 
 HIS ROYAL HIGHNESS WILLIAM HENRY, 
 DUKE OF GLOUCESTER. 
 
 HIS Prince was the third 
 
 fon of Frederick Prince of 
 
 Wales, father of his late 
 
 Majefty King George 
 III. and was born at Leicefter-Houfe 
 on the 1 4th November 1 743 ; he was 
 baptized eleven days after by the 
 name oi William Henry. 
 
 At the marriage of the late King George III. and 
 ^een Charlotte on the 8th September 1761, His Royal 
 Highnefs walked on the Queen's left hand to and from 
 the Chapel ; and, having no right at that time, he not 
 being a Peer, to form a part of the public proceflion at 
 the Coronation on the 2 2d of that month, he handed his 
 mother, the Princefs Dowager of Wales, who, with her 
 younger children and attendants, made a lefTer procef- 
 fion to and from Weftminfter Abbey. On the 27th of 
 May 1762, His Royal Highnefs was eledted a Knight 
 of the Garter, and was inftalled at Windfor on the 25th 
 September following, when the King and Queen 
 honoured the folemnity with their prefence. 
 
 A few days before His Royal Highnefs was of full 
 age, His Majefty was pleafed to grant to him and to 
 his heirs male the dignity of a Duke of the Kingdom 
 
NOriCES OF EMINENT MEMBERS. 331 
 
 of Great Britain, and of an Earl of the Kingdom of 
 Ireland, by the names, ftyles, and titles of Duh of 
 Gloucejier and Edinburgh, and Earl of Connaught. 
 
 On the 29th of March 1765, His Royal Highnefs 
 was elefted a member of the Worfhipful Company of 
 Grocers ; and the freedom, curioufly written on vellum 
 and blazoned with their arms and other decorations, 
 prefented to him in a gold box of the value of one 
 hundred guineas. 
 
 THE RIGHT HONOURABLE WILLIAM 
 
 PITT. 
 
 " And fliall not his memory to Britain be dear, 
 Whofe example with envy all nations behold ; 
 
 A ilatefman unbiaff'd by int'reft or fear, 
 By power uncorrupted, untainted by gold ?" 
 
 The Pilot that weathered the Storm. 
 
 WILLIAM PITT, fecond 
 
 fon of William firji Earl 
 
 of Chatham and oi Lady 
 
 Hejier only daughter of 
 Richard Grenville, Efq. was born at 
 Hayes in Kent, on the 28 th of May 
 1759. He was educated at home ^^^ 
 
 under the immediate eye of his father, who, as he found 
 him very early capable of receiving, imparted to him 
 many of the principles which had guided his own 
 political condudt, and, in other refpeds, paid fo much 
 attention to his education, that at fourteen he was found 
 fully qualified for the Univerfity ; and, accordingly, at 
 
332 CO MP ANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 that age, he was entered at Pembroke-hall, Cambridge, 
 where he diftinguifhed himfelf by his application and 
 by his fuccefs in attaining thofe branches of knowledge 
 to which his ftudies were particularly directed ; nor 
 have many young men of rank paffed through the pro- 
 bation of the Univerfity with a higher charafter for 
 morals, abilities, induftry, and regularity. He was in- 
 tended by his father for the bar and the fenate, and his 
 education was regulated in a manner to embrace both 
 thefe objefts. Lord Chatham died while Mr. Pitt was 
 in his nineteenth year, but the cloud which fuch an 
 event could not fail to caft over the profpefts of a 
 younger fon, was quickly difpelled by thofe qualities 
 which cleared to him the path to eminence by his own 
 exertions. In the fpring of 1780, Mr. Pitt became 
 refident in Lincoln's Inn and regularly attended Weft- 
 minfter Hall ; he had previoufly kept the neceffary 
 terms and, being called to the bar on the 12th of June, 
 went the weftern circuit in the fummer of that year. 
 
 At the general eledlion in the autumn of 1780, he 
 was an unfuccefsful candidate to reprefent the Uni- 
 verfity of Cambridge in parliament ; and in the fol- 
 lowing year, through the influence of Sir James 
 Lowther, was returned for the Borough of Appleby, 
 
 It is not my intention, in this fketch, to enter into 
 thofe details which belong to hiftory ; firft, becaufe 
 I feel I could not do juftice to them and, fecondly, 
 becaufe I am convinced that Mr. Pitt's character, as 
 a Statefman, can never be duly appreciated, if de- 
 tached from the great events which he attempted to 
 control ; and any attempt, at a narrative of them here 
 would far exceed my limits. I, therefore, recom- 
 mend thofe who wifh to be more intimately ac- 
 
NOTICES OF EMINENT MEMBERS. 333 
 
 quainted with the particulars of Mr. Pitfs public ca- 
 reer, to perufe the memoirs of him written by the 
 Earl of Stanhope. 
 
 Mr. Pitt's firft fpeech in the Britifh fenate was deli- 
 vered on the 26th of February 178 1 on Mr. Burke's 
 motion refpefting a retrenchment in the civil lift. It 
 is a curious faft mentioned by Dr. Tomline that Mr. 
 Pitt entered the Houfe of Commons without any in- 
 tention of taking part in the debate ; but, being called 
 upon by the houfe, he rofe, and beginning in a col- 
 lected and unembarraffed manner, argued ftrongly in 
 favour of the bill and acquitted himfelf in a manner 
 which aftonifhed all who heard him, and convinced 
 the world that the expedlations formed of him were 
 completely anfwered. At this period Mr. Pitt had 
 not completed his twenty-fecond year. 
 
 The death of the Marquis of Rockingham and the 
 confequent diflblution of his Miniftry, caufed the ele- 
 vation of the Earl of Shelburne to the poft of Firft 
 Lord of the Treafury, and Mr. Pitt, for the firft time, 
 became a Cabinet minifter by accepting the office of 
 Chancellor of the Exchequer, when he had juft com- 
 pleted his twenty-third year. A general peace with 
 America, France, Spain &c. foon followed, and, in 
 April 1783, the famous coalition Miniftry took the 
 places of thofe whom they had expelled. Their tri- 
 umph, however, was of fliort duration ; for the re- 
 jedion of the celebrated India Bill by the Houfe ot 
 Lords, compelled them to refign their places; and 
 Mr. Pitt, whofe talent for the office was no longer 
 denied, was made, at the age of twenty-four, Firft 
 Lord of the Treafury and Chancellor of the Ex- 
 chequer. His firmnefs of purpofe and uncompro- 
 
334 COMPANY OF GROCERS. 
 
 mifing redlitude of condudt, carried him triumphantly 
 through all the cabals and oppofition levelled againft 
 him at the commencement of his career, and, fub- 
 fequently, through the difficulties of the Regency 
 Queftion in 1788, and through the dangers with 
 which the country was menaced at the period of the 
 French revolution. 
 
 What has been termed the fyjlem or principle of 
 Mr. Pitt, in commencing and continuing the war 
 with France, cannot be better explained than in the 
 language of Lord Grenville, who, when it was pro- 
 pofed to make peace with the Republican Govern- 
 ment of France, found the propofitions and explana- 
 tions of the French minifter to be infults rather than 
 conceffions and apologies, and faid, that his Sovereign 
 never could difcontinue his preparations for war, 
 " while the French retained that turbulent and aggref- 
 Jive fpirit which threatened danger to every nation in 
 Europe." ^ On this principle the war was commenced, 
 and on this principle it was fupported, at a riik and 
 at an expenfe beyond all precedent. Mr. Pitt, how- 
 ever, did not live to witnefs that glorious and wonder- 
 ful termination, which was, at laft, brought about by 
 a continuance of the fame fyftem he had conftantly 
 purfued ; and which, finally, ended in the conqueft of 
 France, the annihilation of her armies, and the banifh- 
 ment of her Ruler. Mr. Pitt, after a fliort illnefs, 
 died, at four o'clock in the morning, on the 23d Ja- 
 nuary 1806, in the 47th year of his age, and was 
 fhortly afterwards interred in Weflminfter Abbey. 
 
 ^ Biographical Diftionary, vol. xxv. — Tomline's and GifFord's 
 Lives of William Pitt. 
 
NOTICES OF EMINENT MEMBERS. 335 
 
 The freedom of the Grocers' Company was voted to 
 Mr. Pitt in February 1784, and his obliging mode of 
 accepting the honour gave great fatisfadlion to the 
 Members. The record was richly emblazoned on vel- 
 lum and was accompanied by the following letter : 
 
 " Sir, 
 
 " In teftimony of the lively fenfe which the 
 Grocers' Company entertain of your able, upright, and 
 difinterefted conduct, as Firft Commiffioner of the 
 Treafury and Chancellor of HisMajefty's Exchequer, 
 and in gratitude for and approbation of your fteady 
 zeal, in fupporting the legal prerogative of the Crown 
 and conftitutional rights of the people, in the prefent 
 alarming and critical jundture of affairs, the Court of 
 Affiftants do themfelves the honour to admit you into 
 the freedom of their Company, and have diredted the 
 Wardens to prefent you with the copy taken from 
 their book of admiffion. 
 
 John Finch, Majier. 
 William Hill, ~| 
 James Tyars, \ Wardens." 
 
 Thomas Jackson, J 
 
336 
 
 CO MP ANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 CHARLES, MARQUESS CORNWALLIS, K.G. 
 
 " He was a man of rare undoubted might, 
 Famous throughout the world for warlike prayfe, 
 And glorious fpoyles purchaft in perilous fight." 
 
 Spenfer. Faerie ^eene. Canto V. 
 
 HE family of Cornivallis 
 
 fprung originally from 
 
 commerce, and fettled 
 
 honourably in Suffolk 
 nearly five centuries ago. 
 
 William Harvey, Efq. Clarenceux 
 King of Arms, in his vifitation of the 
 county of Suffolk made anno 1561, flates that Thomas 
 Cornwalleys of London merchant, the firfl of this 
 family mentioned in the faid vifitation, " was a 
 younger brother, and born in Ireland, from w^hence 
 the furname cometh, (w^here at this day he found 
 divers of that name,) as appears by a deed indented in 
 the forty-firfl year of Edward III. and that this 
 Thomas gave the fame arms which the houfe, at the 
 time of the faid vifitation, did bear, with a fefs dan- 
 cette ; the like whereof (he fays) is engraven in ftone 
 upon the church porch of Ocley near Broome ; never- 
 thelefs, they do now bear, and of long time have 
 borne, the Je/s plain ; which deed, with the feal of 
 arms, and the efcutcheon upon the porch, as is afore- 
 faid, the faid Clarenceux teilifies to have feen in his 
 faid vifitation." This Thomas Cornwalleys was Sheriff 
 of London in 137B, and dying in 1384, was buried in 
 the church of St. Martin's Vintry, London. 
 
NOTICES OF EMINENT MEMBERS. 337 
 
 From him defcended Frederick, the firft Peer, who 
 on the 20th of April 1661, was created a Baron of the 
 realm, by the title of Lord Cornwallis of Eye in the 
 county of Suffolk. 
 
 Charles, the fifth Lord, one of the Grooms of the 
 Bedchamber to George I. was conftituted Lord Chief 
 Juftice, and Juftice in Eyre of all the King's forefts, 
 &c. fouth of Trent and was elevated to the rank of an 
 Earl, by the ftyle and title of Vifcount Broome in the 
 county of Suffolk and Earl Cornwallis. 
 
 Charles, his eldeft fon and heir, the fubjedl of this 
 memoir, was born on the 31ft of December 1738, He 
 reprefented the Borough of Eye in Parliament, until 
 he fucceeded his father in the Peerage in 1762. His- 
 Lordfhip, choofing a military life, was appointed aide- 
 de-camp to George III. in Auguft 1765, with the rank 
 of Colonel of foot. He became Major-general in 
 1775, Lieutenant-general in 1777, and General in 
 1793. The hiflory of this diflinguifhed foldier's adtive 
 life, to be fully appreciated, muft be read in the annals 
 of his Country. He had an important, though not 
 always fortunate, command in the American war; 
 and in 1786 his Lordfhip was fent out to India with 
 a double appointment of Governor-General and Com- 
 mander-in-Chief; and, arriving at Calcutta in Sep- 
 tember of that year, found the different Prefidencies 
 in rifing profperity. Not long after, the Government 
 of Bengal judged it neceffary to declare war againfl 
 the Sultan of My/ore, for his attack on the Rajah of 
 Travancore, the ally of the Englifh. The Campaign 
 of 1790 was indecifive; but in March 1791, Lord 
 Cornwallis invaded the Myfore, and came in fight of 
 Seringapatam, which he was prevented from inverting 
 
 X X 
 
338 COMPANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 by the floods of the Cavery. In 1792 he befieged that 
 metropolis ; when, as the attack advanced, Tippoo 
 Saib fued for peace, and obtained it on terms didlated 
 by his Lordfhip. By his integrity, pundtilious regard 
 to faith, and difinterefted and generous condud:, he 
 increafed the reputation of the Britifh name in India 
 and, by his meafures for its improvement, amehorated 
 the condition of our Empire there. 
 
 On the 5th of Auguft 1792, he was advanced to the 
 dignity oi Marquefs Cornwallis. 
 
 In 1798 the rebellion in Ireland appearing, both 
 to the Viceroy hard Camden and to His Majefty, to 
 require a Lord Lieutenant, who could adt in a mili- 
 tary as well as in a civil capacity, the King appointed 
 Marquefs Cornwallis his fucceffor. " The rebellion 
 being finifhed," fays Bijfet, " the new Viceroy adopted 
 a plan of mingled firmnefs and conciliation, which, 
 executed with difcriminating judgment, tended to 
 quiet Ireland and prepare matters for a permanent 
 plan to prevent the recurrence of fuch pernicious evils, 
 and to promote the induftry and profperity of the 
 country." * He retained his high appointment till 
 May 1 801, when he was fucceeded by the Earl of 
 Hardwicke. 
 
 In 1804 his Lordfhip had the honour of being ap- 
 pointed a fecond time Governor-General of India on 
 the recall of Marquefs Wellefley ; and in that ftation he 
 died, at Gawnepoor, in the province at Benares, Odober 
 the 5th 1 805, worn out with an adlive life fpent in the 
 fervice of his Country, and covered with glory and 
 honours.® 
 
 ^ Hiftory of England, vol. vi. p. 215. 
 
 ^ Collins's Peerage, by Sir E. Brydges, vol. ii. p. 537. 
 
NOTICES OF EMINENT MEMBERS. 339 
 
 On the 31ft of Oftober 1792, the Marquefs Corn- 
 ivallis was eledted a Member of the Grocers' Company, 
 at the fame time with his friend and companion in 
 arms. Sir William Medows. 
 
 MAJOR-GENERAL SIR WILLIAM 
 MEDOWS, K.B. 
 
 '. N the pedigrees preferved 
 
 at the College of Arms I 
 
 find that Daniell Meadowe, 
 
 of Chatifham St. Mary, 
 in the county of Suffolk, in the year 
 1630, purchafed the Lordfhip of Wit- 
 neftiam of Sir Robert Kytcham. His 
 fon. Sir Philip Medows, Marfhal of the King's Palace 
 and Knight of the order of the Elephant of Denmark, 
 was appointed His Majefty's AmbafTador to the Court 
 of Sweden. His great grandfon, Charles Medows, re- 
 prefentative in Parliament for the county of Notting- 
 ham, took the name and arms of Pierrepoint, and was 
 raifed to the peerage in 1796, by the title of Vif count 
 Newark of Newark-upon-Trent and Baron Pierre- 
 point of Holme Pierrepoint, both of the county of 
 Nottingham. 
 
 His third brother. Sir William Medows, Knight of 
 the Moft Honourable Order of the Bath, was' a Major- 
 general in the army, and Colonel of the 73d regiment 
 of foot, Highlanders. He was the companion in arms 
 of the great Marquefs Cornwallis, under whom he 
 
340 COMPANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 highly diftinguifhed himfelf in India. He received 
 the freedom of the Grocers' Company at the fame 
 time with that gallant commander, namely, in 0(ftober 
 1792 and it was prefented to him with the following 
 addrefs : 
 
 " Sir, 
 
 To manifeft the unfhaken loyalty of the 
 Worfhipful Company of Grocers to their moft gracious 
 Sovereign, and in teftimony of the high fenfe of appro- 
 bation and regard which they entertain for His Majefty's 
 officers, moft nobly and eminently diftinguifhing them- 
 felves in the fervice of their country, the Court of 
 Affiftants of the Company of Grocers, truly fenfible of 
 the fuccefs which has attended His Majefty's arms in 
 India under your command and wife condu6t, moft 
 humbly requeft you will be pleafed to honour them by 
 your acceptance of the freedom of their Company, 
 famed for antiquity, and diftinguifhed in having His 
 late moft gracious Majefty King William III. of illuf- 
 trious memory, and many other auguft and noble per- 
 fonages, as members of their community. 
 
 James Tyars, 
 
 Thomas Jackson, 
 
 William Sutherland, ]^^r^'»'" 
 
 Launcelot Sharpe, 
 
NOTICES OF EMINENT MEMBERS. 341 
 
 THE RT. HONOURABLE ROBERT BANKS 
 JENKINSON, EARL OF LIVERPOOL. 
 
 " If the fun of his career, as Prime Minifter of England, rofe 
 amidft the war of elements, amidft clouds and lightnings and thunder, 
 it fet in fplendour and in glory." — Obituary. 
 
 IR ROBERT JENK- 
 INSON of Walcot, in 
 the county of Oxon, 
 Knt. had the honour of 
 knighthood conferred upon him by 
 James I. anm 1618. He is faid to 
 have been defcended from Anthony 
 "Jenkinfon, an eminent merchant and navigator, in the 
 reigns of Edward VI., ^een Mary and ^een Eliza- 
 bethy who was Ambaflador from England to Conflanti- 
 nople and to the Czar of Mufcovy. Sir Robert's fon 
 was created a Baronet by Charles II. anno 166 1, and 
 the title remained unchanged in the family until the 
 year 1786 when Charles, fon of Sir Banks Jenkinfon, 
 was elevated to the Peerage by the title of Baron 
 Hawkejbury in the county of Gloucefter, and advanced 
 to be Earl of Liverpool on the 28th May 1796. Robert 
 Banks Jenkinfon, the fubjedt of this memoir, was his 
 eldeft fon, and fucceeded to the title in 1808,^ 
 
 His Lordihip was born on the 7th June 1770 and, 
 after having been educated at the Charter-houfe, was 
 entered as a ftudent at Chrift Church, Oxford, where 
 
 ' Collins's Peerage, by Sir E. Brydges, vol. v. 
 
342 COMPANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 he formed an acquaintance, which ripened into inti- 
 macy and friendfliip, with Mr. Canning. Lord Liver- 
 fool's firft entrance into pubhc Hfe was as Member of 
 ParHament for Rye, in 179 1 : he had been eledted the 
 year preceding, but could not take his feat, as he had 
 not attained the age of twenty-one. In 1793 Mr. 
 Jenkinfon was appointed one of the Commiflioners of 
 the India Board, the duties of which ftation he per- 
 formed with equal fatisfadtion to the Company and to 
 the Government. In 1796, in confequence of the 
 elevation of his father to the peerage, he alTumed the 
 title of Lord Hawkejhury. 
 
 The firft introdudtion of Lord Hawkejbury into the 
 Cabinet took place in 1801, when, at the temporary 
 retirement of Mr. Pitt from power, Mr. Addington was 
 appointed Prime Minifter. Lord Hawkejbury then 
 became Secretary of State for the Foreign Department 
 and was ad;ively engaged in the debates which enfued 
 on thofe changes. In one of thofe debates Mr. Pitt 
 took an opportunity of warmly eulogifing him ; and 
 afked the gentlemen on the oppofite fide of the Houfe 
 " if they knew any one among them fuperior to the 
 noble Secretary — faving, indeed, one perfon, unnecef- 
 fary to name, whofe tranfcendent talents made him an 
 exception to almoft any rule ?" 
 
 On the refignation of Mr. Addington in 1803, the 
 Adminiftration was, of courfe, difiblved : Mr. Pitt re- 
 turned to the head of the Miniftry, and Lord Hawkef- 
 bury received the feals of the Home Department. 
 The death of Mr. Pitt, which took place on the 23d 
 of January 1806, afforded Lord Hawkejbury, who had 
 continued with diftinguiflied zeal and ability to manage 
 the duties of his own ofiice and materially to aflift Mr. 
 
NOTICES OF EMINENT MEMBERS. 343 
 
 P/V/ in the general concerns of that changing time, the 
 firft opportunity that occurred to him of having a 
 fupreme control in the Councils of the nation. His 
 late Majefty, in the firft inftance, honoured him with 
 his confidence and commands refpefting the formation 
 of a new Miniftry ; but Lord Hawkejhury, well know- 
 ing the fituation and the relative ftrength of public 
 parties, with that difcriminating good fenfe which 
 always diftinguifhed him, declined the flattering offer. 
 He received, however, a decided proof of the King's 
 attachment, by being appointed to the vacant fituation 
 of Warden of the Cinque Ports. 
 
 On the return of Mr. Pitt's friends to power in the 
 following year, Lord Hawkejbury refumed his ftation 
 in the Cabinet as Secretary for the Home Department, 
 ftill declining any higher and efpecially avoiding the 
 higheft office. At the latter end of 1808, Lord 
 Hawkejbury was fummoned to attend the death-bed of 
 his father, who, after a protradted illnefs, expired on 
 the 17th December in that year, thus leaving his fon 
 at the head of his family as fecond Earl of Liverpool. 
 
 When the duel between Lord Cajllereagh and Mr. 
 Canning induced them to refign their fituations in the 
 Government, and the Duke of Portland to withdraw 
 from its head, Mr. Percival, ftill finding the Earl of 
 Liverpool averfe to the Premierfhip, united in name, 
 as he had already done in effedt, the two offices of 
 Firft Lord of the Treafury and Chancellor of the 
 Exchequer, and Lord Liverpool confented to become 
 Secretary of State for the War Department. 
 
 At length an event, as unexpected as it was cala- 
 mitous, the aflTaffination of Mr. Percival in May 1 8 1 2, 
 left the Miniftry in fo disjointed a ftate that Lord 
 
344 COMPANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 Liverpool yielded to the requeft of the Prince Regent 
 to place himfelf at its head ; and it may be truly faid 
 that no man ever rofe to an exalted ftation by more 
 gradual or more natural fteps than thofe by which 
 Lord Liverpool attained the Premierfliip. He had been 
 in Parliament twenty years, taking, in each houfe fuc- 
 ceffively, a leading part in every debate of national 
 importance, and he had been for more than half that 
 period in the confidential fervice of the Crown. 
 
 It would be fuperfluous to follow his Lordfhip 
 through his bright career during the eventful period of 
 the Spanifli war, on the fuccefs of which the fate not 
 only of England but of Europe feemed to depend, or 
 to detail the meafures which he adopted, during the 
 difturbances of i8i6 and 1817, for preferving and 
 reftoring the internal tranquillity of the Country ; they 
 are prefent to the recoUedtion of us all. 
 
 Lord Liverpool continued to difcharge the duties of 
 his elevated ftation until February 1827, when his 
 Lordfhip was fuddenly feized by a fit of an apopleftic 
 and paralytic nature which affedled the whole of his 
 right fide, and from which he never recovered. He 
 lingered on in a hopelefs ftate until the 4th December 
 1828, when an attack of fpafms and convulfions ter- 
 minated his exiftence. 
 
 Lord Liverpool was admitted a member of the Gro- 
 cers' Company on the 12th July 1 814, and the freedom 
 was prefented to him with the following addrefs : — 
 " To the Right Honourable Robert Banks, 
 Earl of Liverpool, Knight of the Garter, 
 &c. &c. &c. 
 May it pleafe your Lordfhip, 
 
 We have the pleafure to exprefs, in the name of the 
 
NOTICES OF EMINENT MEMBERS. 345 
 
 Worjhipful Company of Grocers the high gratification 
 they derive from your Lordfhip's condefcenfion in be- 
 coming a member of our Society. Could we have 
 devifed a better mode of teftifying the gratitude, refpedt 
 and attachment which we feel for your Lordfhip than 
 by prefenting you with the freedom of the Company 
 we fhould undoubtedly have adopted it ; but, humble 
 as the tribute may appear, we have thought that your 
 Lordftiip would feel fome gratification in having your 
 name infcribed on a roll already graced with thofe of 
 King William III. the firft Earl of Chatham, and the 
 late Mr. Pitt, whofe example it has been your care 
 and pride to follow. 
 
 " Glorious and dear as are the recolledtions which 
 thofe names infpire, they are not more fondly cherifhed 
 by the prefent generation, nor will they be courted by 
 pofterity with more enthufiafm, than the memory of 
 the events which have marked the courfe and crowned 
 the efforts of your Lordfliip's Adminiftration. To the 
 wifdom and perfeverance, the unfhaken firmnefs and 
 exemplary moderation, manifefted by your Lordfhip 
 in the mofl difficult times and under every vicifTitude 
 of fortune, this country is already fignally indebted, and 
 we doubt not that the fame eminent qualities which 
 have fo greatly contributed in war to advance its 
 military charadter and extend its renown, will now be 
 employed, with equal fuccefs, in improving its re- 
 fources, promoting its commercial profperity, and cul- 
 tivating all the arts of peace. 
 
 Robert Inglis, ^ 
 
 Robert Holden, ' j^^^^^^s." 
 
 Edmund Larken, 
 
 Thomas Day Frampton, -' 
 
 Y Y 
 
346 
 
 COMPANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 The entry of the freedom in the Company's books 
 runs thus : — 
 
 "The Right Honourable Robert Banks, Earl of 
 Liverpool, Knight of the Moft Noble Order of the 
 Garter, and Firft Commiffioner of His Majefty's Trea- 
 fury, was, on the 12th day of July 18 14, admitted into 
 the freedom of the Wardens and Commonalty of the 
 Myjiery of Grocers of the City of London, purfuant to 
 the unanimous refolution of a Court of Afliflants 
 holden the fame day. 
 
 "Thomas Nettleshipp, Clerk" 
 
 
 CHARLES WILLIAM VANE, MARQUESS 
 AND EARL OF LONDONDERRY. 
 
 HE branch of the ancient 
 
 houfe of Stewart from 
 
 which the noble Mar- 
 
 quefs defcends, is that 
 derived from Sir Thomas Stewart of 
 Minto, fecond fon of Sir William 
 Stewart of Garlies, anceftor to the 
 Earls of Galloway. 
 
 William Stewart, of Ballylawn Caftle county of 
 Donegal, Efq. (great grandfon oi John Stewart, Efq. 
 who had a grant from Charles I. of the manor of 
 Stewarts' Court, where he eredled the caftle of Bally- 
 lawn) took an adlive part in the tranfadtions in the 
 north of Ireland, to prevent the fubverfion of the Con- 
 ftitution, which James II. and his chief governor, Lord 
 Tyrconnel, were attempting to effedt : he raifed a troop 
 of horfe at his own expenfe when the City of London- 
 
NOTICES OF EMINENT MEMBERS. 347 
 
 derry was invefted, and did eflential fervice to the 
 Proteftant intereft in that part, by protedting thofe 
 who were well affedted to King William III. and was 
 appointed Lieutenant-colonel in the regiment com- 
 manded by Sir William Stewart, Vifcount Mountjoy. 
 The prefent Marquefs is the fifth defcendant of that 
 William Stewart. 
 
 The Marquefs of Londonderry was a Lieutenant-general 
 in the Army, and Colonel of the 2nd Life Guards, Go- 
 vernor and Cuftos Rotulorum of the counties of Lon- 
 donderry and Down, G.C.B.G.C.H. K.T.S. K.S.G. 
 K.R.E. K.B.E. and K.S. 
 
 He was elefted a member of the Grocers' Company 
 in July 1 8 14, at the fame time with the Earl of 
 Liverpool. 
 
 THE RIGHT HON. GEORGE CANNING. 
 
 " Statefman, yet friend to truth, of foul fincere. 
 In aftion faithful, and in honour clear ; 
 Who broke no promife, ferved no private end, 
 Who gain'd no title, and who loft no friend, 
 Ennobled by himfelf." 
 
 >EORGE CANNING 
 the late Prime Minifter 
 of England was born in 
 
 London on the nth 
 
 April 1770. He was defcendedof a 
 refpedtable and ancient family. For 
 three centuries and upwards, the 
 Cannings of Foxcote^ have been among the moft re- 
 
 1 See the pedigree of the Cannynges at page 226. Mr. Canning 
 is defcended from Sir Thomas Cannynge, Lord Mayor of London 
 in 1456. 
 
348 COMPJNT OF GROCERS. 
 
 fpedled members of the refident gentry of Warwick- 
 (hire. In 1618 George, the fourth fon of Richard 
 Canning ofFoxcote, obtained a grant of the Manor of 
 Garvagh in Londonderry from James I. This Royal 
 bequeft induced him to go over to Ireland, and fettle 
 there. His grandfon of the fame name, who married 
 a daughter oi Robert Stratford, Efq. of Baltinglafs, (an 
 aunt of the firft Earl of Aldborough,) had a fon named 
 Stratford, after his maternal parent. Stratford Can- 
 ning had three fons, George, Paul, and Stratford. 
 George, the eldeft of the three, was the father of the 
 late Minifter ; Paul, the fecond, had one fon promoted 
 to the peerage in 1 8 1 8, by the title of Baron Garvagh; 
 Stratford Canning, the third fon, had feveral children, 
 one of whom, the Right Honourable Stratford Canning, 
 created Lord Stratford de Redcliffe in 1852, is a diftin- 
 guifhed diplomatift and has been for many years Am- 
 baflador from this country to the Ottoman Porte. 
 
 The pedigree of Mr. Canning, derived from an 
 
 authentic fource, is here introduced, although its in- 
 
 fertion may not ferve to augment his fame, for he was 
 
 the moft illuftrious member of his line. He was one 
 
 of thofe mighty mafter-fpirits which " peep out once an 
 
 age ; " his name may fhed luftre and honour on his 
 
 pofterity ; " but he had in himfelf a falient fpring of 
 
 generous and manly adlion, which needed not to refort 
 
 to any ftagnant wafting refervoir of merit in any an- 
 
 ceftry." To thofe, however, who may be difpofed to 
 
 cavil for the point of the refpedlability of defcent, the 
 
 fubjoined pedigree will fufRce to fhow that his family 
 
 belonged to an independent and honourable rank in 
 
 life. 
 
NOTICES OF EMINENT MEMBERS. 349 
 
 THOMAS CANNING, ofrpMargaret, da. and heir of 
 
 Coll. Arm. C 7, 15. Foxcote, co. Warwick, jure 
 G 19, 66. uxoris temp. Hen. VI. See 
 C 21, 4.1. p. zoi. 
 
 Vine. Warw. 
 
 John Solman, of Foxcote, 
 CO. Warwick. 
 
 Richard Canning, of Foxcote,=pAlice, da. of Humphrey 
 fon and heir. I Compton. 
 
 Thomas Canning, of Foxcote,=T=Joan, da. of Bough- 
 
 of Condycote, co. 
 Gloucefter. 
 
 :,=T=Joan 
 ton. 
 
 Richard Canning, of Foxcote.^Elizabeth, da. of Richard 
 
 Petty, [of Ilmington, co. of 
 
 Warwick. 
 
 Richard 
 Canning, 
 
 of Fox- 
 cote, 
 1619. 
 
 I 
 
 William Canning, of Baf- 
 filhaw, near Blackwell- 
 Hall, a merchant, 161 9. 
 Free of Ironmongers' Com- 
 pany. C. 21. 4.1 b. (Coll. 
 Arm.) 
 
 T 
 
 Edward 
 Canning, 
 
 of Euf- 
 
 ton, in 
 CO. Oxon, 
 
 3d fon, 
 1619. 
 
 George Canning, 
 4th fon, had a 
 grant of Garvagh, 
 CO. of London- 
 derry ; living in 
 Ireland, 1619. 
 
 Anne and 
 Mary, 
 both mar- 
 ried . 
 
 A quo Cannings, of Elfen- 
 ham, CO. of Eflex. 
 
 I 
 
 T 
 
 Paul Canning, of Garvagh, Efq. 
 living 1619,0b. S.P. 
 
 William Canning, of Garvagh, Efq. 
 killed by the Papifts, 164.1. 
 
 J 
 
 George Canning, of Garvagh, attainted in the Parliament, held at Dublin, 
 by James II. 1690. 
 
 George Canning, of Garvagh, Efq.=p , 6th da. of Robert Stratford, aunt 
 
 lieut.-col. of the Derry Militia, only 
 child. 
 
 Stratford Canning, of Garvagh, Efq.= 
 
 lieut.-col. of the Derry Militia, eldeft 
 
 fon and heir, ob. 30th Sept. 1775, bu. 
 
 at St. George's, Dublin. 
 
 Stratford Canning, 
 of London, mer- 
 chant, ob. 
 1787- 
 
 May, 
 
 Mary, eld. da. 
 
 Frances. 
 
 Elizabeth. 
 
 toJohn,VifcountBaltinglafs, co. Wick- 
 low, M.P. 
 
 :Letitia, da. and heir of Obadiah New- 
 burgh, of Ballyhaife, co. Cavan, Efq. 
 living 1777. 
 
 George Canning,=pMary-Anne, 
 
 of the MiddL 
 Temple, barrifter- 
 at-law, ob. 8th 
 Apr. i77i,3et.37. 
 
 da. of Jordan 
 Coftello, of 
 
 CO. Con- 
 naught, ob. 
 at Bath, 
 1827. 
 
 Paul Can- 
 ning, 2d 
 fon, but 
 
 heir to his 
 father. 
 
 Right Hon. George Canning,=Joan, da. and co-heir of Gen. Thomas Canning, 
 bo. 1770. John Scott, created Vifcountefs ob. 1774. 
 
 Canning. 
 
 Note. — For this pedigree I am indebted to G. F. Beltz, Efq. Lancafter-Herald, 
 who has permitted the above extraft to be made from his private coUeflion. Mr. 
 Therry's' Life of Mr. Canning, from which I have taken the greater part of this 
 biographical iketch, contains a pedigree which is incorreft in feveral points. 
 
 ' Chief Jufticc of New South Wales. 
 
350 COMPANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 George Canning, the father of the Statefman, was 
 a gentleman of coniiderable literary acquirements. He 
 dipleafed his parents by marrying a dowerlefs beauty ; 
 this alliance was formed in London after he had entered 
 his name as a fludent of the Middle Temple. The 
 maiden name of Mrs. Canning, whom he married in 
 the fpring of 1768, was Mifs Cojiello ; {he was an Irifh 
 lady, who, though unendowed with fortune, belonged 
 to a family of high refpeftability. By the furviving 
 members of Mr. Canning's family who remembered 
 this lady at the time of her marriage, fhe is fpoken of 
 in terms of high commendation and as pofTefling great 
 beauty and accomplifhments, 
 
 Mr. and Mrs. Canning, although with limited means, 
 were received into a very elegant circle of fociety and 
 lived together contented, happy and refped:ed. He 
 died in April 1771, whilft he was engaged in making 
 efforts to extricate himfelf from difficulties which had 
 been daily thickening around him. 
 
 Thus the circumflances of the birth oi Mr. Canning, 
 the fubjedt of this memoir, were far from aufpicious of 
 a future diflinguifhed defliny. In the firfl year of his 
 infancy his father died ; his mother, by her hufband's 
 death was left an unprovided widow and was obliged 
 to devote thofe talents and accomplifhments, which 
 hitherto adorned her in private life, to procure an 
 honourable and independent fubfiflence in public. To 
 a lady of her beauty and abilities, the flage prefented 
 itfelf as an obvious mode of accomplifhing this objeft; 
 her fuccefs in this profefTion was not eminent, but it 
 was fufficient to gratify her laudable defire of arriving 
 at independence. She entered into a fecond matrimo- 
 nial engagement by marrying Mr. Hunn, who died a 
 fhort time after their union. 
 
NOTICES OF EMINENT MEMBERS. 351 
 
 It is perhaps not irrelevant here to ftate that Mr. 
 Canning took the earliell occafion of relieving his 
 mother from the neceffity of obtaining a maintenance 
 by the public exercife of her talents ; w^ith an affedlion 
 truly duteous and exemplary, he not only applied a 
 portion of the means allowed him by his family for the 
 profecution of his collegiate ftudies to her fupport, but 
 devoted to that praifeworthy purpofe the firft fruits of 
 his public fervices. When he retired in 1801 from 
 the office of Under Secretary of State, he was entitled 
 to a penfion of ^^5°° a-year, which, inftead of appro- 
 priating to his own ufes, he requefted might be fettled 
 as a provifion on his mother. 
 
 Mr. Canning was fent to Eton at the age of thirteen, 
 and placed under the care of Dr. Heath ; there he foon 
 became diftinguifhed for the elegance of his Latin and 
 Englifh poetry, as well as for the eafy flow and pro- 
 priety of didlion which diftinguifhed his profe compo- 
 fitions. In his eighteenth year he was entered at Chrift 
 Church College, Oxford, where he fully fuftained his 
 high literary reputation. 
 
 Mr. Canning's advancement in political life was 
 mainly attributable to Mr. Pitt, and it is fomewhat 
 remarkable that the origin of his acquaintance with that 
 great Statefman is attributable to the fame honourable 
 fource from which he derived all his fuccefs in after 
 life, namely, his own talents. Mr. Pitt having, through 
 a private channel, heard of Mr. Canning's reputation as 
 a fcholar and a fpeaker, delired to fee him, and the re- 
 fult of the interview was a communication that if Mr. 
 Canning concurred in the policy of the Government of 
 that period, arrangements would be made to facilitate 
 his introdudtion into Parliament. After a full expla- 
 nation between Mr. Pitt and Mr. Canning of the feel- 
 
352 COMPANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 ings of each on all important public queftions of the 
 moment ; the refult was, on the part of the latter, the 
 determination to connedt hi mfelf politically with Mr. 
 Pitt, and on the part of Mr. Pitt, the offer of a feat 
 in Parliament : Mr. Canning was, in confequence, re- 
 turned to Parliament in 1793, for the Borough of 
 Newport in the Ifle of Wight and, in 1796 was 
 appointed to the office of Under Secretary for Foreign 
 Affairs under Lord Grenville. 
 
 Mr. Canning was married in July 1 800 to Mifs "Joan 
 Scott, daughter and co-heirefs of General Scott. The 
 elder fifler of this lady had been married a fhort time 
 previoufly to the Marquefs of Tichfield, now liuke of 
 Portland. This matrimonial alliance with Mifs Scott 
 was in every way advantageous to Mr. Canning ; her 
 fociety rendered him happy, her fortune made him in- 
 dependent, gave weight and authority to his talents and 
 facilitated his advancement to thofe high flations in the 
 government of the country, to which the exercife of 
 thofe talents had entitled him. 
 
 On the refignation of Mr. Pitt and the appointment 
 of Mr. Addington to the head of the miniflry, Mr. 
 Canning was an adtive opponent of the Government 
 and in 1 803 made a fpeech in Parliament in which he 
 unequivocally declared his opinion that the miniflry 
 was unworthy the confidence of the country and in- 
 capable of adminiflering its affairs. At length, in 1804, 
 a new adminiflration was formed and Mr. Pitt refum- 
 ing the Premierfhip, Mr. Canning was nominated 
 Treafurer of the Navy. At the death of Mr. Pitt, 
 which happened in 1 805, a diffolution of the miniflry 
 took place and, the whig party fucceeding to power, 
 Mr. Canning refigned his pofl of Treafurer of the 
 
NOTICES OF EMINENT MEMBERS. 353 
 
 Navy to Mr. Sheridan. A difference occurring be- 
 tween the King and his minifters on the introduftion, 
 by the latter, of a bill in Parliament, " For fecuring to 
 all His Majefty's fubjeds the privilege of ferving in 
 the army and navy," a diffolution of the Cabinet en- 
 fued in 1806, and, in the April of that year, a new 
 adminiftration was formed under the Duke of Portland, 
 in which Mr. Canning accepted the Seals of the Fo- 
 reign Office, and, for the firft time, became a Cabinet 
 Minifter. 
 
 In the year 1 809, memorable for the unfortunate 
 refult of the Walcheren expedition, the duel between 
 Lord Cajilereagh and Mr. Canning occurred, and a total 
 change in the miniftry took place by the elevation of 
 Mr. Percival to the poft of Prime Minifter, and the 
 refignation of the two individuals above mentioned. 
 
 At the death of Mr. Percival, in 1 8 1 2, the tafk of 
 forming an adminiftration was entrufted to Lord Liver- 
 pool, who made a propofition to Mr. Canning to become 
 a member of it. The offer was accompanied with an 
 intimation that he was at liberty to retain and to ex- 
 prefs his well-known fentiments on the Catholic quef- 
 tion. Mr. Canning, however, declined it, becaufe Lord 
 Liverpool's government then profeffed to oppofe, as a 
 government, the removal of the Roman Catholic dif- 
 abilities. At the clofe of the feffion of 1 8 1 2, Parliament 
 was difTolved ; and, at the general eledlion which en- 
 fued, Mr. Canning was invited to become a candidate 
 for the reprefentation of Liverpool, in confequence of 
 the fervices which he rendered to that city and to the 
 commerce of the country generally in the difcuflion 
 which had taken place, at the beginning of that year in 
 Parliament, refpea;ing the renewal of the Eaft-India 
 
 z z 
 
354 COMPANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 Company's charter. Mr. Canning, " unaccredited by 
 patrician patronage," fucceeded in gaining his eleftion 
 by a triumphant majority ; and he was equally fucceff- 
 ful on the four other occalions when he afpired to the 
 honour of reprefenting the fecond commercial city in 
 the empire. 
 
 The friendly intercourfe between Mr. Canning and 
 the important mercantile community he reprefented, 
 fubfifted, without interruption, from the commence- 
 ment of his connexion with them in 1811, until his 
 expedted departure from England to aflume the govern- 
 ment of India in 1 822. His conftituents then prefented 
 him with a valuable piece of plate, together with an 
 addrefs, expreffive of the high fenfe they entertained of 
 his fervices during the period that he had been their 
 reprefentative in Parliament. 
 
 In 1 8 14 Mr. Canning was appointed Ambaflador to 
 the Court of Lifbon, where he remained two years ; 
 and, on his return in 1 8 1 6, was appointed to the Pre- 
 fidency of the Board of Controul, vacated by the death 
 of the Earl of Buckingham/hire. He retained this office 
 until the unfortunate proceedings in Parliament relative 
 to the late ^een Caroline. Mr. Canning was indebted 
 to her Majefty for many former adts of kind and atten- 
 tive civility together with the gratitude which this 
 confideration infpired, and the circumflance of his 
 having been the advifer of her Majefty on the occafion 
 of a fomewhat fimilar inquiry in 1805, induced him to 
 abftain from taking any part in the proceedings ; he, 
 therefore, refigned his place as Prefident of the Board 
 of Controul. In the two fubfequent years, 1821 and 
 1822, Mr. Canning took little part in public affairs, 
 and it was in the latter year that the Diredlors of the 
 
NOTICES OF EMINENT MEMBERS. 355 
 
 Eaft-India Company chofe him to fill the fituation of 
 Governor-General of Fort- William, in the Prefidency 
 of Bengal, the feat of the fupreme Government of 
 Britifh India. Every arrangement for his departure 
 was made, and the Jupiter (74) prepared to convey 
 him to India ; but an unexpeded change in his deftiny 
 took place. The fudden death of the Marquefs of 
 Londonderry created a vacancy in the office of Chief 
 Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs, and the public 
 eye immediately turned towards Mr. Canning, as the 
 perfon in every refpedt the beft qualified to be his 
 fuccefTor. He had been offered (as has already been 
 flated) the fame office in 181 2, but declined its accept- 
 ance. Now, however, that all the obftacles had been 
 removed which urged him to decline it at that period, 
 the public wifh was flrongly exprelTed that he fhould 
 refume an office more important to his native country, 
 and one in which the exercife of his powers would be 
 more immediately connedted with the interefls and 
 welfare of England than it was poffible they could be 
 during his fuperintendence of the diflant government 
 of India. The expreffion of public opinion found an 
 echo in the royal breail and, early in September, on 
 the return of the King from Scotland, where he had 
 been on a vifit at the time of Lord Londonderry's death, 
 the feals of the Foreign Office were prefented to Mr. 
 
 He continued to fill that diftinguifhed fituation until 
 the unfortunate attack which feized Lord Liverpool in 
 1827 deprived the country of one of the mofl confci- 
 entious and upright minifters that ever prefided over 
 its councils. Mr. Canning's political career then ap- 
 proached that period at which, after the various viciffi- 
 
356 COMPANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 tudes of political life, he reached the higheft ftation 
 which the legitimate ambition of a Britifh fubjed can 
 attain. His fituation, on his acceptance of the office 
 of Firft Lord of the Treafury, may not unaptly be 
 compared to that of a fliepherd without a flock ; for, 
 within four-and-twenty hours after his appointment, 
 feven of his colleagues, the Duke of Wellington, Lord 
 Eldon, Lord Bathurji, Lord Melville, Lord Bexley, 
 Lord Wefimoreland, and Mr. Peel refigned their re- 
 fpedtive offices. Lord Harrowby, Mr. Hujkijfon, Mr. 
 Robin/on, and Mr. Wynn remained to co-operate with 
 Mr. Canning in carrying on the affairs of the country. 
 Nothing daunted by the defertion of his friends, Mr. 
 Canning proceeded to fill up the vacant places in the 
 Cabinet, and was prepared to meet Parliament at the 
 opening of the feffion. Urged on by the petty and 
 vexatious oppofition which he encountered at the com- 
 mencement of his Premierfhip, his ardent mind im- 
 pelled him to exertions beyond his ftrength and thefe 
 exertions were rapidly deflroying the fprings of life. 
 
 On Wednefday the nth July, 1827, Mr. Canning 
 went to Wimbledon, to a cabinet-dinner at the Lord 
 Chancellor's, where, having made himfelf warm with 
 exercife, he fat for fome time under a tree in the open 
 air. The next day he complained of a flight feeling 
 of rheumatifm ; but it was not until the following 
 Saturday that it became fo ferious as to confine him to 
 his bed. He was detained there for a week ; but, on 
 Friday the 20th, was fufficiently recovered to remove 
 to the T>uke oftDevonJhire's villa at Chifwick, which 
 the Duke had lent him for change of air. On the 
 30th July he paid his lafl; vifit to His Majefl:y ; and 
 on the 31ft he came, for the lafl. time, to town and 
 
NOTICES OF EMINENT MEMBERS. 357 
 
 tranfadted bufinefs for a few hours with feveral official 
 gentlemen. On the 3d Auguft he was feized with 
 excruciating pains in the fide, which gave the firft 
 ftriking indications to thofe around him of his alarming 
 condition ; thefe continued until his ftrength gave 
 way, and he expired on the 8th of Auguft. 
 
 Thus perifhed Mr. Canning; a patriot minifter, 
 whofe views were generous and comprehenfive as the 
 ftation of his mind was exalted. He died when he 
 had reached his meridian elevation, without yet fhining 
 forth in meridian luftre, whilft the eyes and hopes of 
 his country and of the world were diredted to him. 
 Had his life been protradled to a longer fpan, even 
 until he had witneffed the realization of all the fchemes 
 of that policy, the bafis of which he declared to be 
 Britifh honour and Britifti intereft, he could not have 
 acquired for himfelf a greater renown than that which 
 furrounded him at the clofe of a life which, like that 
 of Agricola, united in one tribute of univerfal forrow, 
 the griefs of his family, of his friends, of his country 
 and of the world. " Finis vitce nobis luBuofus, amicis 
 trijiis, extraneis etiam ignotifque nonjine curdfuit."^ 
 
 Mr. Canning was eledted a member of the Company 
 of Grocers, at the fame time with his colleagues in 
 office, Mr. Robin/on, Chancellor of the Exchequer, and 
 Mr. Peel, Secretary of State for the Home Depart- 
 ment, in May 1824. 
 
 ' Tacitus vitae Agricolae, cap. 43. 
 
358 CO MP ANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 THE RIGHT HONOURABLE FREDERICK 
 JOHN ROBINSON, EARL OF RIPON. 
 
 iHE Right Honourable 
 
 Frederick yohn Robin/on, 
 
 fecond fon of Thomas, 
 
 fecond Lord Grantham, 
 defcended from Sir Metcalf Robin/on, 
 who was created a Baronet in 1660. 
 Mr. Robin/on was reprefentative for 
 Ripon in the county of York, for feven confecutive 
 Parhaments ; he was appointed a Lord of the Treafury 
 in 1812 ; Chancellor of the Exchequer in 1823; in 
 1827 Secretary of State for the Colonial Depart- 
 ment; and, the fame year, Firft Lord of His Majefty's 
 Treafury. 
 
 The Earl of Ripon when Lord Goderich, was pre- 
 fented with the freedom of the Grocers' Company in 
 the month of May 1824, at the fame time with his 
 colleagues in office, Mr, Canning and Mr. Peel, 
 
NOTICES OF EMINENT MEMBERS. 359 
 
 THE RIGHT HONOURABLE SIR ROBERT 
 PEEL, BART. 
 
 " This was the nobleft Roman of them all, 
 ****** 
 * * * # # • 
 
 He, only, in a generous honeft thought 
 And common good to all, made one of them. 
 His life was gentle, and the elements 
 So mix'd in him, that Nature might ftand up. 
 And fay to all the world, ' This was a man ! ' " 
 
 Julius Cafar, A£t v. Scene 5. 
 
 N regiftering this eminent 
 
 and diftinguifhed Statef- 
 
 man as a Member of the 
 
 Grocers' Company, I can- 
 not do better than quote a paflagefrom 
 an article in the " Times" Journal of 
 the 3d July 1850, in illuftration of 
 my own intentions on this occafion : — " This imper- 
 fedt record muft be accepted as a poor fubllitute for 
 the biography of that great Englifhman whofe lofs 
 will be felt almoft as a private bereavement by every 
 family throughout the Britifh Empire." It would be 
 an adl of prefumption in me to attempt even a Iketch 
 of the life of Sir Robert Peel, and therefore I ihall 
 limit myfelf to the fimple detail of a few fadts con- 
 cerning him, in the hope that the executors of his laft 
 will may hereafter give to the public fuch a biography 
 as (hall do juftice to his memory. 
 
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362 COMPANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 An idea has prevailed that Sir R. Peel was of ob- 
 fcure origin ; but the foregoing pedigree, derived from 
 authentic fources, will illuftrate the fadt of his having 
 been defcended from an ancient family of confiderable 
 ftanding in Lancafliire. 
 
 To convey a notion of the ftraightforward and tho- 
 roughly Engliih charadter of Sir Robert Peel's father, 
 the firft Baronet, I will mention that Mr. John Corry, 
 the hiftorian of Lancafhire, applied to him in 1821 for 
 fome information refpedling the Peel family, and he 
 received the following anfwer : — 
 
 " It is not in my power to furnifh you with any par- 
 ticulars of much intereft. My father moved in a con- 
 fined fphere, and employed his talents in improving the 
 cotton trade. He had neither wifh nor opportunity of 
 making himfelf acquainted with his native country or 
 fociety far removed from his native county of Lan- 
 cafter. I lived under his roof till I attained the age of 
 manhood and had many opportunities of difcovering 
 that he poflefTed in an eminent degree a mechanical 
 genius, and a good heart. He had many fons, and 
 placed them all in fituations, that they might be ufeful 
 to each other. The cotton trade was preferred, as beft 
 calculated to fecure this objedt ; and by habits of in- 
 duftry, and imparting to his offspring an intimate 
 knowledge of the various branches of the cotton manu- 
 fafture, he lived to fee his children connedled together 
 in bufinefs, and, by his fuccefsful exertions, to become, 
 without one exception, opulent and happy. My father 
 may be truly faid to have been the founder of our 
 family ; and he fo accurately appreciated the import- 
 ance of commercial wealth in a national point of view. 
 
NOTICES OF EMINENT MEMBERS. 363 
 
 that he was often heard to fay, that the gains to the 
 individual were fmall, compared with the national 
 gains arifing from trade. The only record of my father 
 is to be found in the memory of his furviving friends." 
 
 The late Rt. Hon. Sir Robert Peel Bart, was born 
 the 5th February 1788, and educated at Harrow School, 
 under Dr. Drury, who was one of the beft as well as 
 one of the ableft men of his time, and who numbered 
 in the lift of his pupils fome of the moft eminent pub- 
 lic charaifters of the prefent day, among whom may be 
 mentioned the Earl of Aberdeen, Vifcount Palmerfton, 
 Lord Byron, Lord Cottenham, the Earl of Ripon, and 
 many others. Sir Robert Peel left Harrow at the age 
 of fixteen, and proceeded to Chrift Church Oxford, 
 where he greatly diftinguiftied himfelf, and at the age 
 of twenty-one he was appointed Under-Secretary of 
 State for the Colonies ; he fubfequently filled the office 
 of Secretary of State for the Home Department, and 
 finally became Prime Minifter of England. 
 
 This country is indebted to Sir Robert Peel for three 
 great meafures, the beneficial effeds of which will be 
 felt as long as England exifts. I allude to the eftablifh- 
 ment of the prefent fyftem of the Metropolitan Police^ 
 fo admirably calculated for the maintenance of the laws 
 and the prefervation of life and property ; to the final 
 fettlement of the currency by the Bank A& of 1 844 ; 
 and, though laft not leaft, the abrogation of the corn 
 laws and the adoption of the fyftem of free trade. 
 The predidiions in favour of this laft important enaft- 
 ment have been fulfilled to the utmoft, and the country 
 is, in confequence, enjoying unparalleled profperity. 
 
 In the year 1834 Sir Robert Peel was applied to by 
 an influential body of Merchants and Bankers to allow 
 
364 COMPANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 himfelf to be put in nomination for the reprefentation 
 of the City of London, but he felt himfelf compelled 
 to decline the invitation, which he did in the following 
 letter (the original of which is in my pofleffion) ad- 
 dreffed to my late friend William Ward, Efq. M.P. 
 for the City of London : — 
 
 Whitehall, Dec. 24th 1834. 
 
 " My dear Ward, 
 
 As I would not undertake the duty of a Repre- 
 fentative of any place without a determination to dif- 
 charge it to the beft of my ability, and as it would be 
 utterly impoffibl^ for me to difcharge fatisfadtorily the 
 trufl: which the Reprefentation of the City of London 
 would impofe, in addition to thofe other duties which 
 will devolve upon me, and in truth are too much for 
 human ftrength, I muft at once refpe(3:ful.ly but moft 
 decidedly decline an honour which I fliould value moft 
 highly as a proof of the efteem and confidence of the 
 firil City of the world,- — If anything could make me 
 hefitate (but nothing can) it i^vould be the hope which 
 I truft I might entertain of cordially cooperating with 
 you as a colleague in the maintenance of our ancient 
 Inftitutions in Church and State, in their prudent and 
 temperate improyenient, and in the promotion of the 
 Honour and Intereft of the City of London. 
 Believe me ever 
 
 Moft faithfully yours, 
 
 Robert Peel." 
 William Ward, Efq. 
 
 sir Robert Peel departed this life on the 2d Julv 
 1850, deeply and univerfally lamented. That the 
 
NOTICES OF EMINENT MEMBERS. 365 
 
 regret occafioned by his lofs was not confined to his 
 native country, is fhown by the vote of condolence 
 pafled in the French Chambers on the 5th July 1850, 
 under the Prefidency of Monfieur Dupin. 
 
 CHARLES BARON TENTERDEN. 
 
 HE Rig/it Honourable 
 Charles Abbott, fon of 
 John Abbott, of Canter- 
 bury, born in 1762, was 
 a member of Corpus Chrifti College 
 Oxford, and afterwards called to the 
 Bar by the Honourable Society of the 
 Inner Temple. He was appointed, in 1 8 1 5, a Juftice 
 of the Common-Pleas ; and, the fame year, removed to 
 the King's Bench ; was Knighted on the 14th of May 
 1 8 16; elevated, in 18 18, to the poft of Lord-Chief- 
 Juflice of the King's Bench ; and created Baron Ten- 
 terden, of Hendon in the county of Middlefex on the 
 30th of April 1827. 
 
 His Lordfhip was eledled a member of the Grocers' 
 Company on the 8th July 1829, and was prefented 
 with the freedom on the 23d of the fame month. 
 
 He died on the 4th November 1832, and was buried 
 in the vaults under the chapel of the Foundling Hof- 
 pital, of which inftitution he was for many years a 
 Governor. On his monument is infcribed the follow- 
 ing memorial, at once modeft and claffical, written by 
 himfelf : — 
 
366 CO MP ANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 Prope Situs eft 
 
 Carolus Baro Tenterden 
 
 Joannis et Aliciae Abbott 
 
 Alius natu minor 
 
 humillimse fortis parentibus 
 
 Patre vero prudenti matre pia ortus 
 
 fchols regis Cantuarieniis 
 
 Poftea Collegii Corporis Chrifti Oxon alumnus 
 
 per annos xx in caufls verfatus 
 
 primo ad communia placita 
 
 mox ad placita coram ipfo Rege tenenda 
 
 Jufticiarius 
 
 deinde Jufticiarius Capitalis 
 
 gratia demum Georgii IV. Regis 
 
 in Baronum ordinem cooptatus 
 
 Quantum apud Britannos honeftus labor 
 
 favente Deo valeat 
 
 agnofcas leflor. 
 
 Haec de fe confcripfit 
 
 vir fummus idemque omnium modeftiflimus 
 
 Vixit annis lxx 
 
 deceffit die Nov. iv. anno facro m.dccc.xxxii. 
 
 uxorem duxit Mariam 
 
 Joannis Lagier Lamotte arm. flliam natu maximam 
 
 quae cariflimo marito 
 
 dies non amplius xlv fuperfuit 
 
 et juxta fepulta eft 
 
 Parentibus. optimis defideratifEmis 
 
 liberi moerentes 
 
 pofuerunt. 
 
NOTICES OF EMINENT MEMBERS. 2(>7 
 
 THE RIGHT HONOURABLE LIEUTENANT- 
 GENERAL SIR GEORGE MURRAY, K.B. 
 
 \ HE Rig/it Honourable Sir 
 
 George Murray, Knight- 
 
 Grand-Crofs of the Moft 
 
 Honourable Military 
 Order of the Bath, a Member of His 
 Majefty's Moft Honourable Privy 
 Council, and one of His Majefty's 
 Principal Secretaries of State, was admitted into the 
 freedom of the Wardens and Commonalty of the Myf- 
 tery of Grocers of the City of London, on the 8th of 
 July 1829, purfuant to the unanimous refolution of a 
 Court of Affiftants. It was prefented to him at an 
 entertainment given at Grocers' Hall, on the 23d of 
 the fame month. 
 
 FITZROY JAMES HENRY SOMERSET 
 LORD RAGLAN. 
 
 IS Lordfhip was eighth 
 
 fon of the fifth Duke of -'^;H|^r#"il 
 
 Beaufort and was born 
 
 September 30 1788. 
 He entered the army in his i6th year 
 and in 1807 ferved on the ftaff'of the 
 Duke of Wellington in the expedi 
 tion to Copenhagen 
 
 y 
 He went to the Peninfula as 
 
368 , CO MP ANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 Aide-de-Camp to the Duke and in 1812 was made his 
 Military Secretary. As Lord Fitzroy Somerfet his 
 name became a houfehold word. He was prefent at 
 all the great adtions of the Peninfular campaign which 
 illuftrate the career of the great commander. He was 
 among the firft to mount the breach at the ftorming 
 of Badajos, and it was to him that the governor gave 
 up his fword. On the return of Napoleon from Elba, 
 he ferved under the Duke in Flanders and loft his 
 fword arm in the crowning vidory of Waterloo. The 
 very next day he was feen pradtifing writing with his 
 left hand ! For his brilliant fervices he was made 
 K.C.B. and received decorations from feveral foreign 
 potentates. He was Minifter Plenipotentiary at Paris 
 in 1 8 1 5 and Secretary to the EmbaiTy at that capital 
 from 1 816 to 18 19. In 1822 he attended the Duke 
 to the Congrefs of Verona and in 1827 on his Grace's 
 appointment of Commander-in-Chief of the Britifh 
 Army, Lord Raglan was called to the Horfe Guards 
 as his Military Secretary. This office he held until 
 the death of his Chief in September 1852. He was 
 then made Mafter-General of the Ordnance, and in 
 Odtober was called to the Houfe of Peers as Lord 
 Raglan of Raglan, in the county of Monmouth. 
 While Mafter-General of the Ordnance, he was ap- 
 pointed full General and Commander of the Englifh 
 Forces which were defpatched to Turkey in February 
 1854. The Allied Armies of Britain and France, 
 under Lord Raglan and Marjhal St. Arnaud refpec- 
 tively, landed in the Crimea. The vidlory of the 
 Alma, the flank march to Balaklava, and the defperate 
 battle of Inkerman, are too well known to need 
 defcription. Lord Raglan obtained the Baton of Field 
 
NOTICES OF EMINENT MEMBERS. 369 
 
 Marfhal and finally died of exhauftion after an attack 
 of cholera the 28th June 1855. His remains were 
 brought to England and buried in the family cemetery 
 at Bodmington. His Lordfhip received the freedom of 
 the Grocers' Company in 1854. 
 
 ADMIRAL LORD LYONS. 
 
 -i^JS?- 
 
 HIS gallant officer de- 
 
 fcended from an ancient 
 
 family in Ireland, was 
 
 born on the 21ft No- 
 vember 1790, and was one of the 
 few furvivors of the Nelfon and Ccl- 
 lingwood fchool of heroes. He en- 
 tered the naval fervice in June 1801 and diftinguifhed 
 himfelf on many occafions during the French war. 
 He efcorted King Louis the XVIIIth to France as 
 Captain of the Rinaldo in 18 14, after which he conti- 
 nued to do able fervice as a naval officer and diplomatift. 
 His reward at that period was a Baronetcy, with which 
 he was honoured on the 20th May 1840. He fubfe- 
 quently obtained the command-in-chief of the Medi- 
 terranean Fleet in 1855, and achieved great renown 
 by the affiftance he afforded to the Crimean Expedition 
 and to the Allied Forces in the late Ruffian war. 
 For thefe fervices he was created, on the 23 rd June, 
 Baron Lyons, befides receiving from the various allied 
 Sovereigns the higheft degrees of knighthood. His 
 
 3 B 
 
370 COMPANY OF GROCERS. 
 
 Lordfhip departed this life at Arundel Caftle on the 
 23rd November 1858. As Admiral Sir Edmund 
 Lyons, Bart, he received the freedom of the Grocers' 
 Company at a banquet given at their Hall on the 19th 
 February 1856. 
 
 FRANCOIS CERTAIN DE CANROBERT, 
 MARSHAL OF FRANCE. 
 
 |HE Marfhal vi^as born in 1809, ftudied in 
 the Military School of St. Cyr and entered 
 the army in 1828. In 1835 he failed for 
 Algeria and during the war in the Pro- 
 vince of Oran w^as made a Captain. In the ftorming 
 of Conflantine, he was one of the firft who entered the 
 breach, when he received a wound in the leg; and 
 about this time he had the decoration of the Legion 
 of Honour conferred upon him. He continued to 
 ferve fuccefsfully in Africa until 1853, when he was 
 promoted to the rank of General of Divifion. He had 
 the command of the firft Divifion of the French army 
 under Marjhal St. Arnaud, fent to the Crimea in 
 1854 ; and at the battle of the Alma was wounded in 
 the breaft and hand by the fplinter of a fhell. On 
 the death of the Marfhal he took the chief command 
 of the French army, and at Inker man was wounded 
 and had a horfe killed under him. In 1855 he was 
 made G.C.B. and created a Marfhal of France, and 
 fubfequently he diftinguifhed himfelf in Italy in 1859 
 at the battles of Magenta and Solferino. 
 
NOTICES OF EMINENT MEMBERS. 371 
 
 In 1856 the Grocers' Company conferred the freedom 
 of their Corporation on Marfhal Canrobert, the illumi- 
 nated document of which I was requefted to prefent to 
 him at Paris. As he was abfent at the time, I received 
 his acknowledgment of the honour in the following 
 letter : — 
 
 " Paris, le 12 Nov'. 1856. 
 
 " Monsieur le Consul General, 
 "Je viens de recevoir la lettre que vous m'avez fait 
 I'honneur de m'ecrire, et je regrette beaucoup de ne 
 pas m'etre trouve chez moi, lorfque vous avez bien 
 voulu vous y prefenter. Je vous remercie de I'ofFre 
 gracieufe que vous me faites de vous charger de ma 
 lettre de remerciements pour I'honorable Corporation 
 des Epiciers de Londres, qui m'avaient envoye, par 
 votre intermediaire, le diplome de Membre de leur 
 Societe. Plufieurs journeaux de France et de I'Etranger 
 ayant annonce que j 'avals re9u cet honneur, j'ai crune 
 pouvoir retarder I'expreflion de mes remerciements, et 
 craignant que votre abfence ne fe prolongeat, j'ai ecrit 
 a Monfieur le Secretaire de la Corporation, par une 
 voie, qu'avait bien voulu m'offrir I'Ambaflade de Sa 
 Majefte Britannique a Paris. 
 
 Je vous prie de me permettre, Monfieur le Conful 
 General, en vous reiterant mes remerciements pour 
 votre obligeance, de vous offrir rexprelTion de mes 
 fentiments de haute confideration et de devouement. 
 
 M^^ Canrobert, G.C.B. 
 
 " A Monfieur le Commandeur J. B. Heath." 
 
372 COMPANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 THE RIGHT HON. SIR JOHN LAIRD 
 
 MAIR LAWRENCE, BART. 
 
 K.C.B. K.S.I. 
 
 I HIS diftinguiftied indivi- ^^^^^^^H 
 dual was Chief Commif- ^^^^^^^^H 
 fioner and Agent to the \l%f. lljLl' % 1 1 
 Governor-General of In- 1^^ 
 dia in the Punjaub, late member of xTJlll 
 the Indian Council and now Vice- ^ J i y 
 Roy and Governor-General of India. ^«l!iK 
 
 He was born on the 4th March 1 8 1 1 . This very 
 eminent civil fervant of the Indian Government was 
 educated at Haileybury College and proceeded to 
 India in 1829, where his career has been of the greateft 
 public utility at the Sutlej and in the Punjaub. His 
 courage and firmnefs contributed much to the crufliing 
 of the Sepoy infurredtion, for which important fervice 
 he received the Civil Grand Crofs of the Order of the 
 Bath and was created a Baronet in 1858. The Court 
 of Direftors of the Eaft India Company fettled a pen- 
 lion upon him of ^(^2000 per annum for life. 
 
 Si'r John L. M. Lawrence was eledled an Honorary 
 Member of the Grocers' Company on the 2nd June 
 1859. 
 
NOTICES OF EMINENT MEMBERS. 
 
 373 
 
 H. R. H. GEORGE WILLIAM FREDERICK 
 CHARLES, DUKE OF CAMBRIDGE. 
 
 IS Royal High- 
 
 nefs in addition 
 
 to the above 
 
 title bears thofe 
 of Earl of Tipperary and 
 Baron of CuUoden, K.G. 
 K.P. G.C.B. G.C.H. and 
 Grand Mafter of St. Michael 
 and St. George, Grand Cor- 
 don of the Legion of Ho- 
 nour, General Command- 
 ing-in-Chief and a Field- 
 Marfhal in the Army. He was born at Hanover the 
 26th March 18 19. 
 
 His Royal Highnefs v^as eledted an Honorary Free- 
 man of the Company of Grocers on the 1 3th July 1 859. 
 
374 COMPJNT OF GROCERS. 
 
 LIEUTENANT-COLONEL SIR HERBERT 
 BENJAMIN EDWARDES, K.C.B. 
 
 ;HIS is the gallant Sir 
 Herbert Edwardes, Lieu- 
 tenant-Colonel in the In- 
 dian Army, whofe gene- 
 ral fervices in India, but moft par- 
 ticularly in the war of the Punjaub, 
 have been fo celebrated. His family 
 is of Welfli lineage, and defcends from Tudor Trevor 
 Lord of Hereford, founder of the tribe of "The 
 Marches." 
 
 It is impoffible to give a more appropriate idea of 
 the chara<3:er and merits of Sir Herbert Edwardes than 
 that which is conveyed in the following extract from 
 a biographical fketch in a recent number of a popular 
 journal ^ : — 
 
 " Herbert Edwardes was one of a clafs of officers 
 examples of which were never wanting under the rule 
 of the Old Eaft India Company. Partly foldiers, 
 partly ftatefmen, they fought and conquered, and then 
 governed what they had conquered ; flirinking from no 
 amount of work, alarmed by no refponfibility, full of 
 noble enthuliafm and warm humanity, they won alike 
 the admiration and the love of the fubjedl races, and 
 made the yoke eafy to be borne. Men like Malcolm 
 
 > The Pall Mall Gazette. 
 
NOTICES OF EMINENT MEMBERS. 375 
 
 and Munro, "James Outram and Henry Lawrence, dif- 
 fering as they might in perfonal character, were all 
 types of this clafs — all moved and fuftained equally by 
 a great love of their w^ork. 
 
 " The mutiny of 1857 found him at the head of the 
 Civil Government of the frontier diftridt of Pefhawur, 
 with our old enemies, the Afghans, for our neighbours. 
 It would not be eafy to exaggerate the difficulties of the 
 pofition. Native Chiefs afked fignificantly, 'What news 
 from Pefhawur ?' It was faid that if Pefliawur were 
 to go, the whole country down to Calcutta would be 
 rolled up like a carpet. But Colonel Edwardes met the 
 crifis not only with a calm confidence, but with a 
 cheerfulnefs that caufed furprife to mingle with the 
 admiration of the on-looker. His animal fpirits 
 feemed to rife with the occafion. The buoyancy of 
 difpofition which, eight or nine years before, had 
 fparkled out of thofe early Mooltan defpatches, making 
 a Blue-book as amufing and exciting as a novel, was 
 now again fignally evinced in the face of danger. 
 Whofoever his aflbciates might be, he was the life and 
 foul of the party ; and it has been faid of him that 
 fuch were his readinefs and fertility of refource that 
 in any great plans or projedts for the public fafety — in 
 any devices for the maintenance of Britifh authority 
 and the punifhment of the enemy — he was * a week 
 ahead of every one elfe.' " 
 
 Colonel Edwardes was prefented with the Freedom 
 of the Grocers' Company on the 9th November i860. 
 
376 COMPANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 BARON CLYDE OF CLYDESDALE IN 
 SCOTLAND, G.C.B. K.S.L D.C.L. 
 
 Grand Officer of the Legion of Honour, First Class 
 
 OF THE MEDjrOIE AND GraND CrOSS OF THE ItALIAN 
 
 Order of St. Maurice and St. Lazarus, 
 
 A Field Marshal in the Army, 
 
 etc. etc. 
 
 iHIS eminent Commander 
 
 was born at Glafgow in 
 
 1792 and commenced his 
 
 military career at an early 
 age, entering the Army in May 1808, 
 as Enfign in the 9th Regiment of 
 Foot. Few officers have feen fo 
 much and fuch varied fervice as Lord Clyde. It would 
 require a volume to furnifh the full details of them, 
 but as they have been communicated to the world 
 through the ufual official channels, it will be fufficient 
 to give the reader a brief fummary of them. 
 
 In the Peninfular war his firft feat of arms was at 
 Vimiera, where he fhared the dangers of the advance and 
 retreat of the lamented Sir "John Moore, which ended 
 with the battle of Corunna. He was prefent at the 
 victories of BarolTa and Vid:oria and was wounded at the 
 fiege of St. Sebaftian and at the paffage of the Bidaffoa. 
 His next fervice was in America in 1815. At the 
 fiege and capture of Ching Yang Foo in China he 
 commanded the 98th Regiment and in 1 848 led the 
 3rd Divifion of the Punjaub Army in the Sikh war. 
 Lord Clyde took a very prominent part in the Crimean 
 
NOTICES OF EMINENT MEMBERS. ^77 
 
 expedition, and having twice received the thanks of 
 Parliament for his valour and judgment, was created 
 Field Marfhal, and finally received the honour of the 
 Peerage. His Lordfhip was infcribed on the roll of 
 Freemen of the Grocers' Company on the 9th No- 
 vember i860. 
 
 MAJOR-GENERAL SIR JOHN EARDLEY 
 WILMOT INGLIS, K.C.B. etc. etc 
 
 iENERAL INGLIS en- 
 tered the Army as En- 
 fign in 1833, and for 
 thirty years has been 
 adtively engaged in the fervice of 
 his country. He diftinguifhed him- 
 felf during the rebellion in Canada 
 in 1837 ^J^d in the Punjaub campaign of 1848-49 at 
 the aftion of Sorijkoond, the ftorming of the fortrefs 
 of Moultan, the fort of Chancote and the battle of 
 Goojerat. He will, however, be remembered chiefly 
 by his crowning ad:, the memorable defence of the 
 Refidency of Lucknow, the whole condudt of which 
 devolved upon him after the deaths of Sir Henry 
 Lawrence and of Major Banks. 
 
 The "Times" journal, after defcribing the defence, 
 has the following paflage : — 
 
 " The defence of that place is, we believe, without 
 precedent in modern warfare. Fortified towns, de- 
 fended by fufficient force, have ere now repelled for 
 
 3 c 
 
378 COMPANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 months the attacks of an army and, in fome cafes, 
 courage and defperation have ftruggled againft over- 
 whelming odds, but neither Genoa nor SaragofTa can 
 rival in heroifm the little garrifon of Lucknow." 
 
 CAPTAIN SIR FRANCIS LEOPOLD 
 M<=CLINTOCK, R.N. 
 
 D.C.L. ETC. 
 
 IR F. LEOPOLD M«- 
 
 CLINTOCK entered 
 
 the Navy in 1831, and 
 
 for feveral years was em- 
 ployed in the "Excellent" gunnery- 
 fhip, the "Gorgon" fteamer and the 
 " Frolic." For his well known fpirit 
 of enterprize and knowledge of the Ardiic regions, he 
 was feledled to command the expedition fent out by 
 Lady Frank/in, almoft as a forlorn hope (all previous 
 attempts made by the Government having failed), to 
 endeavour to elucidate the myftery which exifted 
 refpedting the fate of Sir John Frankliris expedition 
 fent out in 1845. The fuccefs of the miffion of the 
 " Fox," the hardfhips and perfeverance of her gallant 
 crew, and the details of the difcovery of the painful 
 and touching memorials of thofe who in high hope 
 had failed fourteen years before in the " Erebus" 
 and " Terror," need no record here, as they have 
 become matter of national hiftory ; but the name of 
 M^Clintock will ever hold a foremoft rank till fympathy, 
 
NOTICES OF EMINENT MEMBERS. 379 
 
 felf-denying devotion, courage and energy, fhall ceafe 
 to be regarded among the nobleft attributes of mankind. 
 Her Majefty ftamped her appreciation of Capfain 
 M''Clintock''s fervices by conferring upon him the 
 honour of knighthood, and the Univerfities of Oxford, 
 Cambridge and Dublin theirs, by enrolling him among 
 their Honorary Members.* 
 
 LIEUTENANT-GENERAL SIR JAMES 
 OUTRAM, K.C.B. 
 
 I HIS diftinguiflied In- 
 dian foldier and States- 
 man was born in 1803 
 at Butterley Hall, Der- 
 byfliire, the refidence of his father, 
 Mr. Benjamin Outram, a civil engi- 
 neer of note. He vs^as educated at 
 Udny, Aberdeenfhire, by Dr. Bijfet, and afterwards 
 went to the Marifchal College at Aberdeen. He was 
 fent to India as a Cadet in 1 8 1 9 and was made Lieu- 
 tenant and Adjutant of the 23rd Bombay Native In- 
 fantry. He then took command of and difciplined the 
 wild Bheels of the Candeifh, and fuccefsfuUy led them 
 againft the Daung tribes. From 1835 to 1838 he was 
 engaged in re-eftabli{hing order amongthe Mahi Kanta. 
 He went with the invading army, under Lord Keene, 
 into Afghaniftan as Aide-de-Camp, and his ride from 
 Khalat, through the dangers of the Bolan Pafs, will 
 
 ' I am indebted to W". J. Thompfon Efq. for the above notice. 
 
380 COMPANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 be long famous in Indian annals. Lord Dalhoujie {wh- 
 fequently appointed him Agent and Commiffioner in 
 Oude, but his health failing, he returned to England in 
 1856. When the war with Perfia broke out and it 
 became neceffary to fend an expedition to the Perfian 
 Gulf, Sir James accompanied the forces with diplomatic 
 powers as Commiffioner. He conduced feveral bril- 
 liant and fuccefsful operations. The campaign was 
 fhort and decifive, and the objedts of the expedition 
 having been triumphantly obtained, he returned to India. 
 Landing at Bombay in July 1 857 he proceeded to Cal- 
 cutta to receive Lord Canning's inftrudtions, and was 
 commiffioned to take charge of the forces advancing to 
 the relief of Lucknow. He chivalroufly waived the 
 command in favour of his old Lieutenant Havelo(;k who 
 had fought eight vidlorious battles with the rebels and, 
 taking up only his civil appointment as Chief Cofn- 
 miffioner of Oude, tendered his military fervices to 
 Havebck as a volunteer ! Lucknow was relieved and 
 Outram took the command, but only to be in turn 
 befieged. 
 
 He held the Alumbagh againft almoft overwhelming 
 forces until Lord Clyde came to his relief Having 
 received the thanks of Parliament in i860, he took 
 his feat as a member of the Supreme Council of India 
 in Calcutta, but fank under the climate and returned 
 to England in the fame year, already ftricken by the 
 hand of death. After trying the climates of Egypt and 
 of the South of France, he expired at Paris the nth 
 March 1863. His fervices in the Eaft as a foldier and 
 a diplomatift extended over the period of forty years. 
 He was ever the generous protedlor of the dark- 
 fkinned races among whom his lot was thrown, and fet 
 
NOTICES OF EMINENT MEMBERS. 381 
 
 a bright example to all future adminiftrators of modera- 
 tion, conciliation, humanity and pradtical Chriftianity 
 in all his dealings with the natives of India. 
 
 THE RIGHT HONORABLE JAMES BRUCE, 
 
 EIGHTH EARL OF ELGIN AND 
 
 KINCARDINE, K.T. G.C.B. 
 
 HIS very eminent Diplo- 
 matift and Statefman 
 v^as fucceffively Go- 
 vernor ?ind Captain-Ge- 
 neral of Canada and Her Majefty's 
 High Commiffioner and Plenipoten- 
 tiary on a fpecial miflion to the Em- 
 peror of China. He w^as made Poftmafter-General in 
 1859, and on the 21ft January 1862 appointed Vipe- 
 Roy and Governor-General of India. His Lordfhip 
 w^as compelled by illnefs to refignhis office, and died at 
 Drumfhallah on the 20th November 1863, deeply 
 regretted by all both at home and abroad. 
 
382 
 
 COMPANY OF GROCERS. 
 
 EARL CANNING. 
 
 HE name of " Canning " 
 
 is a ** familiar houfehold 
 
 word" at Grocers' Hall, 
 
 members of the family 
 having been found on its roll of free- 
 men at various periods. The name 
 of Sir Thomas Cannyng appears in the 
 year 1456 as Lord Mayor of the City of London, and 
 fubfequently that of the Right Honourable George Can- 
 ning v^^ho w^as elefted an Honorary Freeman in 1824. 
 It was with pride and fatisfadtion, therefore, that the 
 Company added to their record of notabilities the name 
 of another illuftrious fcion of the family in the perfon 
 of Earl Canning, the fon of a Freeman who had been 
 Prime Minifter of England. 
 
 His Lordftiip commenced his official career as Under- 
 Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs from 1841 until 
 1 846 ; he was then removed to the pofition of Poft- 
 mafter-General, and was finally appointed Governor- 
 General of India, an office which he filled greatly to 
 the advantage of his country. 
 
 The period of his adminiftration was one of great 
 danger and refpon Ability, and the fuccefs which attended 
 it cannot be more clearly demonftrated than by the 
 following extradt from the farewell addrefs prefented 
 to his Lordfhip on his departure from India by the 
 native inhabitants of Calcutta : — 
 
NOTICES OF EMINENT MEMBERS. 383 
 
 " It is with mingled feelings of refpedt and gratitude 
 that we call to mind your humane and merciful condudt 
 to our unfortunate mifguided countrymen, exercifed at 
 a time when by moft men the principles of moderation 
 would have been forgotten. We are grateful for the 
 many liberal meafures which have adorned your admini- 
 ftration, for the principles of juftice fo conftantly incul- 
 cated by you, rendered doubly dear by their being 
 blended with a humanity di<ftated by wifdom and 
 moderation. We look upon your Excellency as one 
 who has faved this country from great impending 
 calamity. The refults are before us : a mutiny fup- 
 preffed, public credit maintained, and peace univerfal." 
 The iurname of Canning is derived from the manor 
 of Biftiop's Canninges in Wiltfhire, where the family 
 was originally feated, and where the fenior line conti- 
 nued until it terminated in coheireffes in the time of 
 Henry VIL 
 
384 
 
 COMP^Nr OF GROCERS. 
 
 HIS ROYAL HIGHNESS THE PRINCE 
 OF WALES. 
 
 LBERT ED- 
 WARD, Prince 
 of Wales, Duke 
 of Saxony, Prince 
 of Coburg-Gotha, Great Stew- 
 ard of Scotland, Duke of Corn- 
 wall and Rothfay, Earl of 
 Chefter, Carrick and Dublin, 
 Baron of Renfrew and Lord 
 of the IHes, K.G. G.C.B. 
 Knight of the Star of India, 
 Knight of the Elephant of India, Knight of the 
 Golden Fleece, &c. &c. &c. born at Buckingham 
 Palace 9th November 1841. 
 
 The Corporation of the Grocers had the honour of 
 adding the name of His Royal Highnefs to their roll 
 of illuftrious Freemen in 1863. 
 
NOTICES OF EMINENT MEMBERS. 385 
 
 HIS ROYAL HIGHNESS ALFRED 
 ERNEST ALBERT. 
 
 RINCE of the 
 
 United King- 
 dom of Great 
 Britain and Ire- 
 land, Duke of Edinburgh, 
 Earl of Ulfter, Earl of Kent, 
 Duke of Saxony, Prince of 
 Coburgh and Gotha, Knight 
 of the Moft Noble Order of 
 the Garter, Knight of the 
 Moft Ancient and Moft Noble 
 Order of the Thiftle, &c. &c. &c. 
 
 His Royal Highnefs honoured the Company of Gro- 
 cers by accepting the Freedom on the 28 th May 
 1866. 
 
 3 D 
 
386 
 
 COMPANT OF GROCERS. 
 
 BARON NAPIER OF MAGDALA. 
 
 OBERT CORNELIS, 
 
 Baron Napier of Magdala, 
 
 was born in 1 8 1 o and is 
 
 the fon of Major Napier 
 R. A. who was mortally wounded in 
 Java in 1 8 1 1 . He is defcended from 
 the celebrated Napier of Murchifton, 
 the inventor of Logarithms, who came of that re- 
 nowned Lennox of Scottifh ftory, of whom it was faid 
 " Donald has nae peer" which gave rife to the name. 
 
 Lord Napier entered the Bengal Engineers in 1826, 
 he ferved as Brigade-Major in the Sutlej war in 1 846, 
 was Engineer-in-chief at Mooltan in 1 849, and alfo at 
 the liege of Lucknowin 1858. He likewife commanded 
 a Divifion of the Army at Pekin, and finally was 
 appointed Commander-in-Chief of the Abyffinian Ex- 
 pedition in 1868, the fuccefs of which terminated fo 
 glorioufly for England. The telegram which firft 
 communicated the termination of the war recalls to 
 mind the celebrated " Veni, Vidi, Vici" oi Julius 
 Ccefar, and will long be remembered. 
 
NOTICES OF EMINENT MEMBERS. 387 
 
 Telegram extraSled from the " Times,'' 
 2jth April 1868. 
 
 Theodore defeated near Magdala. 
 
 Surrendered all captives and artificers. 
 
 Retired into Magdala. 
 
 Magdala taken by ftorm on the 13th. 
 
 Theodore killed. 
 
 Troops fufFered very little lofs. 
 
 14,000 men laid down their arms. 
 
 Baron Napier thrice received the thanks of Parlia- 
 ment, and on the laft occafion, in 1868, the vote was 
 accompanied by a grant of jTaooo per annum. He has 
 befides been created Knight Grand Crofs of the Orders 
 of the Bath and of the Star of India, 
 
 Soon after his return to England he was entertained 
 at a grand banquet at Grocers' Hall, and received the 
 Honorary Freedom of the Company amid the accla- 
 mations of the Members. 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 No. I. 
 
 MEMBERS OF THIS COMPANY WHO HAVE BEEN 
 LORD MAYORS OF LONDON. 
 
 Of the Fraternity of Pepperers, before their Incorporation, the 
 
 following ferved the Office of Mayor. 
 
 Anno 
 Domini Reign. 
 
 1232 
 
 1233 
 
 1234 L Andrew Bokerel Henry UL 
 
 1235 
 
 1236 
 
 1237 
 
 1245- 
 
 1246 
 
 1250 
 
 1259 
 
 1311 
 
 1312 
 
 1313. 
 
 1267 
 
 1272 
 
 Sir John Gifors,Knt { Edw7rd 11. 
 
 Alan de la Zouch Henry HL 
 
 Sir Henry Frowike/ (in part) .... Edward L 
 
 ' Frowike was Cuftos of the City for part of this year. He gave the name to 
 one of the City wards, which was called JVarda Henrici de Frowike, and which 
 feems to have been that of Cripplegate. He was one of the three citizens who 
 founded London College, near the Guildhall, in 1x99. 
 
392 
 
 Anno 
 Domini 
 
 1321 
 
 1322 
 
 1324 
 
 1325 
 
 1327 
 1329 
 
 1339^ 
 1340 > 
 I3S1J 
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 >- Hammond Chikwell 
 
 Rei^n, 
 
 Edward II. 
 Edward III. 
 
 1360 
 
 1363 
 
 1375 
 
 1377^ 
 
 1383 I 
 
 13841 
 
 1385^ 
 
 1378 
 
 1379) 
 
 1393/ 
 
 1389 
 1392 
 1407 
 
 Sir John de Grantham . ... 
 
 Sir Andrew Aubrey, (the laft year a Grocer) 
 
 The Incorporation having taken place in 
 1345, the following are all Grocers 
 
 Simon Dolfely 
 
 John Notte ^ 
 
 John Warde 
 
 > Edward III. 
 
 Sir Nicholas Brember 
 
 } 
 
 Sir John Philpot 
 Sir John Hadley ' 
 Sir William Vinor 
 
 Sir William Standon 
 Sir Thomas Knolles 
 
 1399") 
 1410 J 
 
 J^^J I Sir Robert Chichley 
 
 141 8 Sir William Sevenoke 
 1420 William Cambridge 
 
 > Richard II. 
 
 Richard II. 
 Henry IV. 
 
 Henry IV. 
 
 Henry IV. 
 Henry V. 
 
 { 
 
 I Henry V. 
 
 ' Had a houfe in Thames Street, according to Stow, p. 249. 
 
 " There is Grantham's Lane, fo called of John Grantham fome time Mayor and 
 owner thereof, whofe houfe was very large and ftrong, builded of ftone, as appeareth 
 by gates and arches yet remaining. 
 
 ' Notte diftiinguiflied himfelf by paffing, during his Mayoralty, the bye-law, 
 called Notte^s Laiu againfl Ufury. In 1390, the citizens greatly opprefled by ufnrers, 
 petitioned the King, Richard II., againil the horrible vice of ufury then termed 
 Schefes, and entreated, that " the order made by John Notte, late Mayor," might 
 be executed throughout the realm. The anfwer was, that the King willed thofe 
 ordinances to be revifed ; and, if the fame be found to be neceflary, that they be 
 then confirmed. 
 
 ^ In Hadley's fecond mayoralty, Farvingdon Ward was, by order of Parliament, 
 appointed to be divided into two wards, to wit, infra et extra. 
 
Anno 
 Domini 
 
 1434 
 
 Jr438l 
 1448 I 
 
 1443 
 1450 
 
 HS5 
 1456 
 1460 
 1466 
 1468 
 1471 
 
 1484 1 
 
 1504 
 1510 
 
 151S 
 1516 
 
 1531 
 1544 
 1554 
 1562 
 1563 : 
 
 1573 ' 
 
 1:577 - 
 
 1-590 
 
 1598 
 
 r6o8 
 
 1613 
 
 1617 
 
 1622 
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 Six John de Welles 
 
 Sir Roger Oteley* 
 
 Sir Stephen Browne 
 
 Thomas Catworth 
 
 Nicholas Wyfold 
 
 Sir William Marowe ^ .... 
 
 Sir Thomas Cannyng f 
 
 Sir Richard Lee 
 
 Sir John Young ^ >^ 
 
 Sir William Taylor L 
 
 Sir Williani Edwards * J 
 
 Sir Thomas Hill = | 
 
 John Warde j 
 
 Sir John Wyngar 
 
 Sir Henry Keble ^ 
 
 Sir William Butler 
 
 Sir John Reft [ 
 
 Sir Nicholas Lambert 
 
 Sir William Laxton 
 
 Sir John Lyon 
 
 Sir Thomas Lodge 
 
 Sir John Whites 
 
 ■Sir John Rivers 
 
 Sir Thomas Ramfay 
 
 Sir John Hart 
 
 Sir Stephen Soame 
 
 Sir Humphrey Weld 
 
 Sir Thomas Middleton 
 
 Sir .George Bolles 
 
 Sir Peter Proby 
 
 393 
 
 Reign. 
 Henry VL 
 
 Henry VL 
 
 Edward IV. 
 
 Richard HL 
 Henry VIL 
 
 Henry VHL 
 Q. Mary. 
 
 Q. Elizabeth. 
 James \. 
 
 ' A great froftof fourteen weeks' duration occurred in Sir Roger Oteley's 
 Mayoralty. 
 
 ; ' ;. Sir William Marowe bequeathed to the Grocers' Company, by his will, 215/. 
 to have roaflps faid for the repofe of his foul and for thofe of his father, mother, and 
 two wivesj in the Churchof St. Botolph,Bifhopfgate, for the period of thirty years. 
 
 . ' Sir John Young was knighted in the field of battle with Sir John Crofljy and 
 others, for repulfing the Baftard Falconbridge, in his attack upon the City. 
 
 * The water-conduit in Aldermanfljury, and the ftandard, in Fleet-ftreet, were 
 this year finilhed. . • 
 
 * This was the year of the fweating Sicknefs in London. There were three 
 Lord Mayors a^d three Sheriffs this year, and two of each died of the difeafe. 
 Warde, a member of the Grocers' Company, was the furvivor among the former. 
 
 ' There was a great plague in London during the mayoralty of Sir John White. 
 
 3 E 
 
Charles II. 
 
 394 APPENDIX. 
 
 Anno 
 Domini Reign, 
 
 1641 Sir Edmund Wright 1 Charles I. 
 
 1648 Sir John Warner ^ 
 
 1650 Sir Thomas Foote V Commonwealth. 
 
 1652 John Kendrick J 
 
 1660 Sir Thomas AUeyne 
 
 1662 Sir John Frederick* 
 
 1673 Sir Robert Hanfon ^ 
 
 1674 Sir William Hooker 
 
 1679 Sir James Edwards 
 
 1682 Sir John Moore 
 
 1684 Sir Henry Tulfe* 
 
 1693 Sir John Fleete 1 William & 
 
 1696 Sir John Houblon' J Mary. 
 
 1 7 10 Sir Samuel Garrard® Anne. 
 
 1729 Sir Robert Baylifs 
 
 1730 Sir Richard Brocas 
 
 1 73 1 Humphrey Parfons 
 
 1738 Sir John Barnard 
 
 1748 Sir Robert Ladbroke' 
 
 1757 Marfh Dickenfon 
 
 George II. 
 
 ' Sir William Aflon had been elefted Mayor for this year ; but he was dif- 
 charged by the Houfe of Commons, and Sir Edward Wright conftituted in his place. 
 
 ° Sir John Frederick originally belonged to the Company of Barber-Surgeons; 
 but, as he could not ferve the office of Lord Mayor without being attached to one 
 of the twelve great Companies, he was tranflated to the Grocers in 1 661, Herefided 
 in the Old Jewry, in a large manfion called Gurney Houfe, the fite of which is 
 now occupied by Frederick's Place. "The Old Jewry hath had alwayes Citizens 
 of quality and fair large houfes, as there is now Gurney Houfe, where Alderman 
 Frederique lives, a very worthy Gentleman." — Howel's Londinopolis, p. 118. 
 Cheape Warde. 
 
 ^ At the period of Sir Robert Hanfon's inauguration, a magnificent pageant was 
 furniflied by the Grocers' Company, the printed defcription of which is thus inti- 
 tuled, " London Triumphant ; or, the City in Jollity and Splendour. Exprefled 
 in the Shews, Sir Robert Hanfon entering upon his Mayoralty. At the coft and 
 charges of the right worftiipful Company of Grocers. Written by Thomas Jordan, 
 1672." The King dined at Guildhall on the occafion. 
 
 ■* Strype mentions the following fail of Sir Henry Tulfe : — " Let it remain upon 
 record, for the lading honour of this Mayor, that when one had offered to preient 
 him with a thoufand guineas, to procure him a leafe of the City's duties of Scavage, 
 Package, Portage, &c. at 400/. a year rent to the City, Sir Henry generoufly re- 
 fufed it; and, moreover, ufed his endeavour to advance the rent of the faid duties 
 for the ijenefit of the City ; by which means it came to pafs that liool. yearly rent 
 was paid for the fame by the fame perfon." 
 
 * Sir John Houblon was the firft Governor of the Bank of England. 
 
 ° It is obfervable, that three of this name and family have been Mayors in three 
 feveral Queens' reigns, viz. Queen Mary, Queen Elizabeth, and Queen Anne. 
 
 ' A dreadful fire occurred during Sir Robert Ladbroke's mayoralty, which was 
 attended with great lofs of property. It broke out at a peruque-maker's in Change- 
 
APPENDIX. 395 
 
 Anno 
 
 Domini ,. . 
 
 /• o. » , Reign. 
 
 1 76 1 Sir Matthew Blackifton >> 
 
 1765 Sir William Stephenfon ..... 1 
 
 1766 George Nelfon \\ George III. 
 
 1 792 Sir John Hopkins J 
 
 No. II. 
 
 Furniture, and Ornaments belonging, for the Altar of the Grocers, 
 in Saint Anthony's Church. 
 
 1349. A Chalyce weighs 15 ownces Troie w'. and a gode myflale 
 whch coften ;^3 . 6 . 8. given by Sir Symon de Wy, Parfon 
 of Barnes. 
 1398. I Miflale. 
 
 I Gr' Portarie. 
 
 I Chalyce fylver gylte. 
 
 I other fylver chalyce parcell gylte. 
 
 I P^ of viales of fylver. 
 
 1 P'- ditto of tinne, (ftanno.) 
 
 1 Latyn candelftyke. 
 
 2 Longe Cheftes with 4 boltes of yron. 
 
 I RydoUe of red bawdkyn wth crofles, to hang before y' 
 
 altare. 
 I Crucyfix & 2 images. 
 1 veftyment with a corpus of redde bawdkyn for a prefte. 
 
 1 veftyment of white for a prefte. 
 
 2 whyte curtens for y* chappel. 
 
 1 long whyte curten with crofles for y" fame. 
 
 2 old preftes' veftyments. 
 2 altare towelles. 
 
 2 furplifes. 
 
 The above are enumerated, as being delivered to the Prieft, Sir John 
 Whyteby, by the Wardens, Robert Pep and Henry Hulton. 
 
 Alley, Comhill, deftroyed upwards of one hundred houfes, and caufed a lofs of 
 property amounting to at leaft 100,000/. Sir Robert's conduft on the occafion is 
 thus mentioned by Maitland : — " It is allowed, that the prefervation of a great many 
 perfons and effefts, as well as the ftoping the flames, was chiefly owing to the 
 prefence, induftry, and happy direftions of the Right Honourable Sir Robert 
 Ladbroke, Knt. Lord Mayor." This is confidered as the mofl: calamitous fire that 
 ever occurred in London, excepting the deftniSive one, known as " the great fire 
 of London," which took place in 1666. 
 
396 
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 No. III. 
 
 Lift of Members of the Grocers' Company in 1 37 J, the i^-jth Tear 
 of Edward Hi. " ' "" 
 
 En le honeur de Dieux, ceux font les pfones del fraternite des Grofers 
 en le temps q. John Maryns et Richard de Ayllejbury ffurent Gar- 
 deynes de le dit Comp. en I'an de grace mccclxxiij, et du Roi 
 Edward III. apres la conqfte xLvii. 
 
 John Aubrey. 
 Berth. Freftlyng. 
 John Warde. 
 Rob'. Hatfeld. 
 Rich"*. Brembre. 
 Thomas Hanapfted. 
 Rich". Prefton. 
 Will-. Warde. 
 Will-n. Venor. 
 Reynold Lone. 
 John Gefors. 
 Adam Chaungeor. 
 John Haddel. 
 Fowke Horewod. 
 John Hoo. 
 Rich'*. Odilman. 
 John Goly. 
 John Maryns. 
 Rich". Dillefbury. 
 John Hotham. 
 Adam Carbell. 
 Adam Donakyn. 
 Will". Cuhlman. 
 Berth. Opyne. 
 Will- Herkefted. 
 GefFry Ormelsford. 
 Thomas Wyth. 
 Rich". Hatfeld. 
 Walter Frowyk. 
 Thomas Thornaye. 
 John Lerdefeld. 
 John Gaddelowe. 
 Mark Paffelewe. 
 Phil'. Zonge. 
 
 John Zonge. 
 GefFry Adam. 
 Mark Ornele. 
 John Hartefeld. 
 John Thomelyn. 
 John Gonach. 
 Phil. Steer. ' 
 Rich*. Lofeye. 
 Will. Werthmah. 
 Win. Waddefworth. 
 John Cofyn. 
 Steven Evronhe. 
 Rich". Owr. 
 Thomas Walden. 
 WaltCWalden;' 
 Rich". Sproch. 
 Rich". Bodewynd. 
 Will". Wrylkes. 
 Thp'. Guyfiiman. 
 Rich".'Morell. ' 
 John Churcheman. 
 Roger del Panterye." 
 Will'". Waddeby.. 
 Reynold Bleyri. 
 Rob'. Offpring. 
 Roger Wrintaby. 
 Peres Wedyngton. 
 John Wythir. 
 GefFry Haddlyman. 
 John Wrygefbrd. 
 John Hert. 
 John Foxfton. 
 Thomas Lehyngdon. 
 Will™. Zepyfwith. 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 397 
 
 John Leyr. 
 Thomas Garthwyth. 
 John Oxelkkk. 
 Will". Addewell. 
 Rich"*. Menge. 
 Will-". Warde. 
 
 Thomas Makewilliam. 
 John Godard^ 
 Andrew Hoo. 
 John Lok€s. 
 Will°>. Wyrthman^ 
 
 Et ceux ffont les pfones q flbnt entre en le dit Comp'. en temps de 
 John Maryns & Ric¥. de Ayllejbury. 
 
 Sir John Goffeld. 
 Sir Rob'. YUerika. 
 Will"'. Derneihman. 
 Rich"*. OUeford. 
 John Sprometh. 
 Will-". Colyns. 
 Cimon Frunteye. 
 John Sweneford. 
 Willm. Maykelke. 
 Rawlyn Olgar. 
 Step". Melkod. 
 John Groos. 
 John Bonefale. 
 Will". Staundon. 
 John Bek. 
 Richard Sutton. 
 Thomas Atts Meille. 
 Robert Ferthyng. 
 John Clepton. 
 Henry Stacy. 
 Walter Wyks. 
 Rich^. Skotard. 
 Rob'. Peper. ' 
 
 Thomas Symond. 
 Will-". Foxfton. 
 Walter Seyland. 
 John Vyaunde. 
 John Walfyngham. 
 Thomas Hoo. 
 Lotho Gonats. 
 Richard Ganyell. 
 Will-". Chychely. 
 Rob'. Refon. 
 John Gonefhale. 
 John Bokkele. 
 Rich< Molle. 
 Rich'*, Gierke. 
 Thomas Gernets. 
 Henry Yrlands. 
 Rob'. Reynald. 
 John Grofe. 
 Thomas Ottele. 
 Thomas Spylleman. 
 Hugh Falftolf. 
 Nicholas Heathe. 
 
 No. IV. 
 
 THE LAWS OF OLERQN.: , 
 
 Thefe feem to have been firft printed in England, under the- title 
 of " The Rutter* of the fea, with the havens, rodes, foundings, ken- 
 nyngs, wyndes, floads, and ebbas, daungers, and coafts of divers 
 regions ; with the laws of the Ifle of Auleron, and the Judgments of 
 the fea, with a rutter of the north added to the fame, which were 
 explained and printed by William Copland, with a prologue of the 
 
 ' • The coiirfe at fea. Rouiier. 
 
398 jiPPENDIX. 
 
 printers, xii"" without date. This is a very rare black letter little 
 volume, in old abbreviated charafter. 
 
 Laws of Oleron, Wifby, and the Hanfe Towns ; with annotations 
 chiefly extracted from a learned French author in a general treatife of 
 Sea Laws, &c. alfo in laws, &c. of the Admiralty. See Malyne's lex 
 mercatoria, and Godolphin's jurifdiftion of the Admiralty. See alfo 
 treatife Harl. MSS. No. 4314. See alfo William Ryley's vindication 
 of the Sovereignty of the Britifh Seas. See alfo Harleian MSS. No. 
 4818. See alfo Sir John Burrough's Sovereignty of the BritifliSeas, 
 proved by Records, &c. and written in the year 1633, pr. 1651, 1729. 
 
 See William Welwood's abridgment of all Sea Laws, gathered forth 
 of all writings and monuments which are to be found among any people 
 or nation upon the Coafts of the great Ocean and Mediterranean Sea, 
 4to. and 8vo. 161 3, 1636. 
 
 Selden's Mare Claufum, with additions by Needham, publifhed by 
 fpecial Command, fol. 1652. 
 
 Molloy de "Jure Maritimo et Navali^ or a treatife of affairs maritime 
 and of commerce, in 3 Books, 1676, 1682, with fubfequent additions. 
 
 A general treatife on the dominion of the Sea, and a complete body 
 of the Sea Laws, including thofe of Oleron, Wifby, the Hanfe Towns, 
 &c. with feveral difcourfes concerning the jurifdiftion of the Admi- 
 ralty, and adjudged cafes relating to trade and navigation, &c. &c. 
 
 There are feveral other writers upon the maritime laws and jurif- 
 dicStion of the fea, who refer to the laws of Oleron. 
 
 Les Pointz de la Chartre d'Olyroun. 
 
 1. Pri@ement come q fait un i. Firft, one man is mide mafter 
 home Meftre dune nief, la nief eft °f *e (hip and the (hip belongs to 
 a deux homes ou a trois la nief '"""-^ *ree (or more) perfons: the 
 
 . (hip departs from the county 01 
 
 fempart .... dount ele eft & vient ^^ich (he is. and cometh to Bour- 
 
 a Burdeux ou a la Rochell ou deaux or to Rochelle or elfewhere, and 
 
 aillours & fe fretter pur aler en is freighted to go into a ftrange coun- 
 
 paiis eftraunger, le Meftre ne poet tT- The mafter ought not to fell 
 
 pas vendr la nief fil neyt co- 'he (hip if he hath not command or 
 
 , ^ ~ • J procuration of the owners. But it 
 
 maundement, ou pcuracion des ^^^ ^^^^^ ^^^^ ^^^^ ^^ ^^^^ ^^ 
 
 feignours, Mes fil eit, mefter de expenfe of the (hip, well he may 
 
 difpenS il poet bien met9r afcuns pledge any of the tackle by counfel 
 
 des applies en gages ^ counfeill of the mariners of the (hip. 
 
 des Compaignons del nief. & c'eft ^nd this is the judgment in fuch 
 le Jugement en le caas. 
 
 2, Une nief eft en une Havene j. a (hip is lying in a haven and 
 & demoert p' attendr fon temps & tarrieth for the freight, and when the 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 399 
 
 qu^nt vint a idm ptir le Meftr doit 
 pndre counfeill ove fes Compaig- 
 nons f lour dir, — Seignours nous 
 avons efte ceft temps; afcun y af a. 
 q dirra le temps n'eft pas bon, et 
 afcuns q dirront le temps eft beal 
 & bon, le Meftre fe doit acorder ove 
 les plus des Compaignons & fil fe- 
 foit autrement il eft tenuj a rendre 
 la nief & les darres li eles femper- 
 dount fil ad de quoi. Et cefte la 
 jugement en le cas. 
 
 3. Une nief fempart en afcuns 
 fres ou en quel lieu q ceo foit, les 
 mariffls fount tenu3 a falver le plus 
 q'ils pront & fils yaident/le Meftre 
 eft tenu3 a engager fil ad deniersde 
 ceo q'ils falverontp"" lour remuer en 
 lour f res/. Et fils neydent mye, le 
 Meftr neft tenu3 de riens bailler ne 
 lour pveer eynj pdount lo' lowers 
 qu'nt la nief eft gdue/. Et le Meftr 
 ne poet vendr appailes de la nief fil 
 neyt comaundement ou pcuracion 
 des f°/, Mes les doit mettr en falue 
 gard jefc^ ataunt qil fache la volunte 
 de fr'./ & fi doit fair a plus loial- 
 ment q'il pia/. Et f 'il fefoit autre- 
 ment il eft tenu3 a iamendr fil ad 
 de qoi. Et cefte la Jugement en 
 las cas. 
 
 4. Une nief fempart de Burdeux 
 ou d'aillours, et avient al foit3 q le 
 fempir leu falue le plus q lemine poet 
 des vyns f des autres darres ; — les 
 @chant3 ^ les Meftres fount en 
 gr'nt debat, ^ demaundent les 
 @chantzdu Meftre afllour darres, 
 il les deyventbienavoirpaiant3 lour 
 freith de ataunt come la nief ad fait 
 de viage, fil pleft a Meftr,/ Mes 
 file Meftr voet, il poet bien adoub- 
 berfa nief, fi ele eft en caas q, elefe 
 
 time comes for the fame to depart, the 
 matter ought to take counfel with his 
 fellows (or companions) and fay to 
 them. Mates, how like ye the weather f 
 fome will fay. It is not good ; others 
 will fay that the weather is good and 
 fair; the matter ought to agree with 
 the majority of his fhipmates ; for if 
 he doth otherwife he is bound to re- 
 ftore the fliip and the goods if they are 
 loft, if he hath wherewith. And this 
 is the judgment in fuch cafe. 
 
 3 . If a (hip is wrecked on any lands 
 or in any place whatfoever it be, the 
 mariners are bound to fave the moft 
 part of the goods they can ; and if they 
 fo aid, the matter is bound to reward 
 them in proportion to that which they 
 have faved, and to fend them back to 
 their lands : and if they have not aid- 
 ed, the matter is not bound to give 
 them anything, or provide for themj 
 for they lofe their wages when the (hip 
 is lott. And the matter may not fell 
 any tackle of the fliip if he hath not 
 the command or procuration of the 
 owners. But he ought to put them 
 in fafeguard until the time that he doth 
 know the will of the owners, and he 
 ought to do it the moft truly that he 
 can ; and if he do otherwife he is bound 
 to make amends if he hath wherewith. 
 
 And this is the judgment in fuch 
 cafe. 
 
 4. If a ttiip depart from Bourdeaux 
 or elfewhere, and it happen that fhe is 
 wrecked and that the moft part of the 
 wines or other goods therein are faved, 
 the merchants and the matters are at 
 great ftrife, and the merchants alk for 
 their goods of the matter, they ought 
 well to have them, paying their freight 
 for fo much as the (hip had made of the 
 voyage, if it pleafe the mafter ; but if 
 the mafter wills, well he may repair 
 his (hip if (he be in a condition to be 
 quickly repaired, and if not, he may 
 hire another (hip to make the voyage, 
 
400 
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 puiffe adoubber p^temet & finon il 
 poet allbwer un aiitr nief a fair la 
 viage & af a le Meftr fon freight de 
 atauntcomeil afa des darresfalue3 
 p afune mafle. Et cefte la Juge- 
 ment en la caas. 
 
 5. Une nief fempart dafcii Port 
 chargee ou voidee, arrive en afcun 
 Port, lesMarinls ne dey vent pas ifler 
 hors faunj conge du Meftr car fi le 
 Nief fempdoit ou fempiroit p afcu 
 aven?e ils feront tenuj a lamendre 
 flls ount de qoi, Mes fila nief eftoit 
 en lieu ou ele fe feuft aniarre3 de 
 qua9r amarres adonqe pront bien 
 ifler hors & reven!'' p temps a leur 
 dite nief. Et cefte la Jugement en 
 la cas. 
 
 6. MarifiJs fe allofient a lour 
 Meftre f al y ount afcuns de eux qi 
 fen'iffentforsdelanieffaun3 congee 
 & fenyverent f fount conteftes, & 
 afcuns de eux fount naUfre3, le 
 Meftre "n'eft pas tenu3 a les fair 
 guarrir,ne ales pveyer de riens-eyn3 
 le poet bien mettr fors, & low^er un 
 autr en lieu de luy. Et fil coufte 
 plus q^ celly le Marin! le doit parer. 
 Si le Meftr troVe foent del foen, mes 
 fi le Meftr I'envbye en afc5 Svife de 
 la nief p fon comaundemenf ^ il fe 
 blefift ou naufraft, il doit«ftr garny3 
 & (alue3'fur les coftages de la nief. 
 Et ceftfe la Jugement en la caas. 
 
 7. II avient q. maladie empice a 
 un desCompaignonsde lanief oua 
 deuxou atrois€nfefantlour§vifede 
 la nief, il ne poet pas eft? taunt ma- 
 kdes en k nief, le Meftr luy doit 
 mettr hors f luy p"'chafer un hoftell 
 f luy bailler creflet ou chaundell f 
 luy bailler un de fe3 valett3 de la 
 nief pur luy garder, ou lower une 
 
 and the mailer ftiall have his freight 
 as if he had faved the goods by any 
 means. And this is the judgment in 
 this cafe. 
 
 5. If a (hip depart from any port, 
 laden or not, and arriveth at any other 
 port, the mariners ought not to go out 
 without leave of the matter ; for if the 
 (hip (hould peri(h or be hurt by:any 
 adventure they are bound to make 
 amends if they have wherewith. But 
 if the (hip be in a place where it was 
 fattened with four cables, then they 
 may well go out and return in good 
 time to their faid (hip.. 
 
 And this is the judgment in fuch 
 cafe. 
 
 6. Mariners hiring themfelves to 
 their matter, and any of them go out 
 without leave of the matter and get 
 drunk and become quarrelfome, fo that 
 any of them get hurt, the matter is 
 not bound to caufe them to.be healed, 
 nor to purvey ought for them, but he 
 may well put them out of the (hip, 
 and hire others in their ttead ; and if it 
 coft him more, they the mariners ought 
 to pay it, if the matter hath found it 
 from his own. But if the matter fend 
 any one on fervice of the (hip by his 
 own command, and he is wounded or 
 hurt, he ought to be paid and healed 
 at the cofts of the flxip. 
 
 And this is the judgment in fuch 
 cafe. 
 
 7. If it happen that any one, or two, 
 or three of the mariners of the (hip be 
 taken with ficknefs in doing the fervice 
 of the fliip, and there ought not to be 
 fo many fick "in the fliip, the mailer 
 ought to put them out and procure 
 them a lodging, and (ind them light or 
 candle, and give to them one of his 
 lads from the ftiip to take care of them, 
 or hire a woman to attend them; and 
 ought to purvey for them fuch vifluals 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 401 
 
 femme q, ^gne gard de luy f luy 
 doit pveer de tiel vyaunde come 
 Ten ufer en la nief. Ceft afla^'^ de 
 taunt coin a prift qu'nt il feuft en 
 faynte& riens plus fi ne luy pleft. Et 
 filvoeta*v"'vyanndes plus delicioufes, 
 le Meftr neft pas tenu3 a luy quer 
 fil ne foit as difpenS du marin!, — la 
 niefne doit pas dernier pur luy,eyn3 
 fe doit aler, Et fil garrift il doit 
 af "". fon lower tot a long & fil mo- 
 ruft fa femme ove fes piles le dovent 
 af p' luy. Et ceft la Jugement 
 en la cas. 
 
 8. Une nief fempt de Burdeux 
 ou d'aillours ^ avient chofe q tur- 
 ment lappat en mer ^ q'ils ne pf ont 
 efchaper faun 3 geE'. hors des darres 
 dedienj, le Meftr eft tenu3 dif au 
 Marchant^ 1 feignos,nous ne proms 
 efchaper faunj getre de vyns ou 
 darres, les Mchantz fi enya refpoun- 
 deront lour volimte & greent bien le 
 getiflbn p"". anente les refons del 
 Meftr. font plus chers ^ fi ne lege- 
 ront mye, le Meftr ne doit pas leP- 
 fer p'. ces qil nongette tanq il verra 
 qj bien yfoit juront foy tierc3 de fes 
 Compaignons f"^ les feint3 Ev^nglies 
 qu*nt il §ra venu3 en falvete a ?re 
 qil ne fefoit, Mes p' falver les corps 
 dela nief f les darres f les vins, 
 ceux q Sront jette3 hors devent 
 eftre app"'ife3 a foer de ceux qSront 
 venu3 en faluete & q§rount ptU3 ti. 
 p'. ti. entr les Mchant3 & y. doit 
 ^tir. le Meftr acompt ia nief oue 
 fon freight a fon chois p"^ reftorer le 
 damage, les marifls y devent af , 
 chefcii. i. ton frank le quel le Meftr 
 doit fraunchier, f I'autr doit ptir. as 
 gent3 folofn ceo qil a^a, fil fe def- 
 ient, en le Meer com unhome et fil 
 
 3 
 
 as is ufed in the fliip, that is to fay, as 
 much as they took when they were in 
 health, and no more without the matter 
 pleafe ; and if they wifli to have more 
 daintier food, the mafter is not bound 
 to get it them, but to be at the cofts of 
 the mariners; and the ftiip ought not to 
 tarry for them if flie be ready to depart j 
 and if they recover they ought to have 
 their wages for the whole time, and if 
 they die the wife or next of kin ought 
 to have for them. And this is the 
 Judgment in fuch cafe. 
 
 8 . If a fliip departs from Bourdeaux 
 or elfewhere with a freight, and is over- 
 taken at fea by a ftorm, and it cannot 
 efcape without calling out the goods 
 on board, the mafter is bound to fay 
 to the merchants and owners. Sirs, 
 we cannot efcape without throwing 
 overboard the wines or goods ; and if 
 there be any merchants there who will 
 anfwer that their will is contrary to the 
 reafons of the mafter for cafting out 
 the goods, and will not agree, the 
 mafter neverthelefs ought not to leave 
 them on board but caft over fo much 
 as he (hall fee needful ; he and the 
 third part of his companions making 
 oath upon the Holy Evangelifts when 
 they ftiall have come in fafety to the 
 land, that he did it only to fave the 
 body of the ftiip ; and the wines and 
 goods which fliall have been thrown 
 out, ought to be appraifed according 
 to the value of thofe that have arrived 
 in fafety and ftiall be fold pound by 
 pound amongft the merchants. And 
 the mafter ought to divide and account 
 for the fliip with its freight at his 
 choice ; and upon reftoring the da- 
 mages, the mariners there' ought each 
 to have one ton free, which the mafter 
 ought to frank, and the others ought 
 to have part according as they deferve, 
 and behaved well at fea ; but if they 
 did not behave well, thofe ftiall have. 
 
402 
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 n e fe deflentmye il afa riens de 
 fraunchife f en§ ra le Meftr creu p 
 fon Sement. Et cefte la Jugement 
 en la caas. 
 
 9. II avientq un Meftr delanief 
 coupe fon Maft g force du temps il 
 doit appeller les m'chant3 & lour 
 monftrer q^ lour convient couper le 
 Maft pur falver la nief & lour darres, 
 & afcS fois aiflent q la coupent ca- 
 bles & lefibnt ankres p' falf les nief 
 ^ les darres ils doyvent eftr compter, 
 ti. p"" ti. come il gette ^ y devint 
 T3tir 3ff i^ # ^ # 
 * ***** 
 Les iflchant3 & paier faun3 nuUe 
 delaie av^nt q lour darres foient mi- 
 fe3 hors de la nief. Et ft la nief 
 eftoit en dure Sege ^ la Meftr de- 
 maft p' lour debat ^ il luy euft co- 
 vifon, le Meftr ne doit pas ptir, 
 Autres en doit af '. fon freith de ceux 
 vins come y pndera des auts. Et 
 cefte la Jugement en la caas. 
 
 10, Un Meftre dune nief vient en 
 faluete a fe defcharger il doit mon- 
 fter as rBcft. les cordis ove ql guin- 
 dra & f'ils voet qil y eit amendr. le 
 Meftre eft tenu3 a les amendr. qar 
 fi tonell ou p'p fe piert p defaut de 
 Guynde ou la cordage le Meftr ^ fes 
 marifJs font tenu5 a les amendr. 
 Et y doit ptir le Meftre p'' taunt qil 
 put Guyndager ^ doit la Guyndage 
 eftr mys p''. reftorer le dampnag 
 p'liJinent. Et la remenant doit eftr 
 pti3 entr eux. Mes fi cordis riipont 
 faun3 ceo qils les uflent monftrer as 
 iii'chant3 ils §ront tenu3 a rendre . 
 tout le damage. Mes fi les ifichant3 
 dient q les cordis font bons f beals 
 f ils rumpont chefcii doit ptir du da- 
 mage ceftafsav*des ifichant3 aqiles 
 
 nothing of the franchife, and the 
 raafter fliall have credit therefore by 
 his oath. And this is the judgment 
 in fuch cafe. 
 
 9. It may happen that the matter 
 of the fliip muft cut off his maft by 
 force of the weather, he ought to call 
 the merchants and ihow to them the 
 neceffity of cutting the maft to fave 
 their ftiip and their goods; at another 
 time it is neceflary to cut away the ca- 
 bles and leave the anchors, to fave the 
 fliip and the raerchandife, which goods 
 ought to be reckoned pound by pound 
 as thrown out and parted with, and 
 the merchants ought to pay for the 
 fame without delay, as before that their 
 goods were put out of the fliip ; and 
 if the ftip be at hiring and the matter 
 remain by reafon of their debating and 
 perceiveth leakage, the matter ought 
 not to part any, but ought to have his 
 freight of thofe wines as he would have 
 had of the others. And this is the 
 judgment in fuch cafe. 
 
 10. The matter of a ihip when it 
 arrives fafe to unload, ought to fliow 
 to the merchants the ropes with which 
 they hoift, and if they fee need for 
 their being amended the matter is 
 bound to repair them ; for if any 
 part thereof is loft by default of the 
 hoifting tackle or of the cordage, the 
 mafter and the mariners are bound 
 to make amends. And the matter 
 ought to pay after the rate that he 
 takes for the unlading, and the un^ 
 lading is to be fet firft to recover the 
 loffes, and the refidue to be departed 
 amongft them ; but if the ropes break 
 without that the mafter fhow them to 
 the merchants, they are bound to re- 
 compenfe the whole damage ; but if 
 the merchants fay the ropes be fecure 
 and good, and they break, each of them 
 ought to bear part of the damage (that 
 is to fay) the merchants only to whom 
 the wine belongeth. 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 403 
 
 vins Sront taunt foulement. Et 
 cefte la Jugement en le caas. 
 
 11. Une Nief eft a Burdeux ou 
 aillours & leve fa voille p"" arrif fes 
 vyns & fempt f naffient pas le Meftr 
 C les marinls lour boucle fi come ils 
 devyfoht ^ lour poet mal temps en 
 la mer, en tiel manl'e q lour fuftaille 
 delevj enfondrej tonel ou pipe, la 
 nief vient a faluete, les marchant3 
 dyfent q lo' fuftaille delyn3 ad lour 
 vyns pduj le Meftr dift q non fift. 
 Si le Meftr poet jurer luy, f fes trois 
 Compaignons ou quatr de eux q les 
 ^chant3 efliront q lour vyns nofen 
 pdirent pas pur lour fuftall Sicome 
 les ]flchant3 lour mettent fus il en 
 doivent eftr quit3 f deliv'e3. Et 
 fils ne vaillent mye jurer ils deyvet 
 rendreaux n5chant3 tou3 lour damp- 
 nag, qar ils font tenuj a affier lour 
 boucles C lour ellores bien ^ 8teine- 
 ment avant qils deyvent ptir de lieu 
 ou ils fe chargent. Et ceft la Juge- 
 ment en la cas. 
 
 12. Un Meftr lowe (es marinls f 
 les doit tenir en pees ^ eftr lour 
 Jugge ft afcii de eux endamage 
 I'autr p qoi il mette payn ^ vin a 
 table, celly (^ dement^ir lautr doit 
 paier iiii*. Et ft luy ad null q, de- 
 mente le Meftr il doit paier viii''. 
 Et ft le Meftr demente afcuns de 
 fes Marinls il doit paier viii''. Et 
 fi le Meftr enferge un de fes marinls 
 il luy doit entendr la p'm celee come 
 de poigne ou de paume. Et fi le 
 fiert plus il luy doit defendr. Et fi 
 le marini le fiert le Meftr p'lfle il 
 doit p""dr C. s. oue le poigne au 
 choys du marifil. Et cefte la Juge- 
 ment en la cas. 
 
 13. Une nief frette3 a Burdeux 
 
 And this is the judgment in fuch 
 cafe. 
 
 II. If a (hip is at Bourdeaux or 
 elfewhere, and hoifts its fails to go with 
 the wines, and departs, and the mafter 
 and the mariners have not trimmed 
 (or buckled) the fail as they ought, 
 and foul weather taketh them at fea in 
 fuch a manner that the tackling ftrikes 
 out the bottom of the ton or pipe, the 
 Ihip having arrived fafe, the merchants 
 fay to the mafter that by his tackling 
 their wine was loft, the mafter fayeth 
 nay ; if the mafter can fwear, himfelf 
 and three of his companions, or four 
 of them, that the merchants may fele£l, 
 that the wine was not loft by their 
 tackle as the merchants had charged 
 them, then they ought to be quit and 
 difcharged. But if they will not fwear 
 they ought to make recompenfe to the 
 merchants for the whole lofs, for they 
 are bound to fet their fails and their 
 tackle well and certainly, before they 
 depart from the place where they 
 loaded. And this is the judgment in 
 fuch cafe. 
 
 12. A mafter hireth his mariners, 
 and ought to keep them peaceably and 
 offer to be their judge if any one of 
 them do injury to another, and if when 
 having bread and wine at table any one 
 faying that his fellow lieth he ought to 
 pay ^d. And if any one belieth the 
 mafter he ought to pay %d. And if 
 the mafter belieth any of his mariners 
 he ought to pay %d. And if the 
 mafter ftrike any of the mariners he 
 ought to abide the firft blow, be it with 
 fift or flat of the hand, but if he ftrike 
 any more he may defend himfelf. And 
 if the mariner ftrike the mafter firft 
 with his fift he muft pay 100 ftiillings 
 or lofe his fift, at choice of the mariner. 
 And this is the judgment in that cafe. 
 
 13. A ftiip freights at Bourdeaux or 
 
404 
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 ou a la Rochelle ou aillos ^ vint a 
 fa defcharge ^ gount cfire gtie Ton- 
 age ^ petit lodemanage foiit f' les 
 Marchant3, en la cofte de Bretaigne 
 tou3 ceux q, lempnt puis q, lem 
 pafle3 les defbates ou fount petit^ 
 lodmans. Ceux de Normaundie & 
 d'Engle?r puis q^ lempafle Caleis. 
 Et ceaux d'Efcoce puis q, lempafle 
 Gernefey. Et ceux de Flandrs puis 
 q^ lempafl'e Caleis. Et ceux d'Ef- 
 coce puis qj lenipafl"e Jernemuth. 
 Et cefte la Judgement en la caas. 
 
 14. Conteh fe fait en un nief entr 
 les Meftres ^ fes marinls le Meflre 
 doit ofter la towaylle de dev'nt fes 
 marinis trois foit3 av'nt qil les co- 
 maunder fors. Et fi le marin! ofFre 
 affair lamondes a la gard des marifJs 
 q font a la table & le Meftre foit 
 taunt cruel qil ne voille riens fair 
 mes les mette fors, le marin! fe poet 
 aler & feur la nief jefqes a fa def- 
 cfege ^ av"' auxi bon lower come fil 
 efloit venu3 dedeyn3 la nief amend- 
 ant le forfait al gard de la table. 
 Et li enfi foit ou efl:oit q le Meftre 
 ne euft auxi bon maryn! come cellye 
 en la nief ^ la pdoit p"" afcune avente 
 le Meftre eft tenuj a reftorer le 
 dampnag de la nief ^ de la nicbaun- 
 dife q, y §era fil ad de qoi. Et cefte 
 la Jugement en la caas. 
 
 15. Une nief eft en un con'^s 
 Amarre3 f aftant de fa Marr, un 
 autr vint f geft la nief qeft en fa 
 pees en tiel manle qele eft endamp- 
 nage3 de coupe q, lautreluy doigne f 
 il yad des vins enfoundre3 chafcuns 
 le dampnage doit eftre app'ife3 f 
 ptie moyte entree les deux niefs f 
 les vins qj font dedeyn3, les deux 
 niefs dey vent ptir de dampnage entr 
 
 at la Rochelle or elfewhere, and cometh 
 to its right difcharge and is charged 
 half part tonnage, and fmall lodenians 
 (or pilotage) which are upon the mer- 
 chants i the cuftom of Brittany is, all 
 thofe who pafs by the Ifle of Bas pay 
 where there is fmall lodemans or pilot- 
 age. Thofe of Normandy and Eng- 
 land pay when they pafs Calais, and 
 thofe of Scotland when they pals 
 Guernfey, and thofe of Flanders when 
 they pafs Calais, and thofe of Scotland 
 when they pafs Yarmouth. And this 
 is the judgment in fuch cafe. 
 
 14. If contention arife in a ihip be- 
 tween the mafter and the mariners, 
 the mafter ought to take away the 
 " towele " that is before his mariners 
 three times before he command them 
 out, and if the mariner offer to make 
 amends at the agreement of his mates 
 that be at table, and the mafter be fo 
 obdurate that he will do nothing, but 
 putteth him out, the mariner may fol- 
 low the ihip till it come to the right 
 difcharge, and ought to have as good 
 wages as if he had gone in the fliip, 
 amending the forfeiture according to 
 agreement of his fellows at the table. 
 And if fo be that the mafter hath not 
 taken in as good a mariner as him, 
 and the (hip by any chance take harm, 
 the mafter is bound to refliore the da- 
 mage of the ihip and of the merchan- 
 dife if there be any, if he hath where- 
 with. And this is the judgment in 
 fuch cafe. 
 
 15. It may be that a ihip lieth an- 
 chored at road, and another ihip cometh 
 from the fea and ilriketh againft the 
 ihip that is in its way, in fuch a man- 
 ner that the ihip is damaged with the 
 ilroke that the other ihip gave it, and 
 there is wine fpilt on both parts, the 
 lofs ought to be appraifed and divided 
 into moieties between the two (hips, 
 and the wines which are within the 
 two ihips damaged, ought to be di- 
 vided between the merchants, and the 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 405 
 
 les fichant3, le Meftre de la nief q, 
 ad ferru lautr eft tenu5 a jurer luy 
 ^ fes mariffis qils ne le fefaient mye 
 en gree. Et eft refun pur qoi ceft 
 Jugement eft fait j Si enfi eft q, une 
 veille nief fe mesE volunts en la voie 
 dune meliour pur guddi daf . lautr 
 nief ft ele euft tou3 fes dampnag 
 Mes qu*nt ele foit qele doit ptir a la 
 moyte, ele fe mette volentiers fors 
 de la voie. Et cefte la Jugement 
 en la cas. 
 
 16. Un nief ou deux ou plus en 
 une havene ou il y ad poi de eau & 
 afleche lune des niefe trop ps de 
 lautre le Meftr de cete nief doit dir 
 as autr Marifls, fr leve vfe ankre 
 qai ele eft trop p's de nous f p>'. vios 
 fair damag ^ fils ne le voillent lever; 
 le Meftr pur eux f fes Compaignons 
 la vount lever & efloign de luy f fils 
 la toUent a lever & lautr lour face 
 damag ils Sront tenu3 a lamendr 
 tout a long. Et fil yeuft mys ankr 
 faunj boie f ele face dampnage ils 
 Sfont tenu3 al amendr tout a long. 
 Et fils font en une havene q aflecche 
 ils Sfont tenu3 a metr balingues as 
 autr qils ne piignent a pleyn. Et 
 ceft la Jugement en la cas. 
 
 17. Une nief arrive a fa charge a 
 Burdeux ou aillo'"s, le Meftr eft te- 
 nu3 a dire a fes Marifls, f''s freidte- 
 re3 vous V03 marrees ou vous les 
 levre3 au freith de la nief ils font 
 tenu3 a refpondr, le quele ils ferront. 
 Et fils eliffent a freith de la nief, 
 tiel freight come la nief af^a ils 
 af ont. Et fils voillent freighter p'. 
 eux ils doyvent freighter en tiel 
 maflre q, la nief ne foit demant. Et 
 fil avient qils ne trovent freight, le 
 
 matter of the fliip which ftruck the 
 other muft fwear both him and his 
 mariners that they did not do it will- 
 ingly. And the reafon why this judg- 
 ment was made is thus, that an old 
 (hip lieth not willingly in the way of 
 a better, for that it well knoweth it 
 cannot injure the other ftiip, and ought 
 not to pay the whole damage, but 
 when the other fliip knows that it muft 
 divide by half the lofs, it will willingly 
 pafs by out of the way. And this is 
 the judgment in fuch cafe, 
 
 1 6. If one fhip, or two or more, are 
 lying in a haven where there is but little 
 water, and is dry ; one of the fhips is 
 anchored too near the other, the maf- 
 ter of fuch (hip ought to fay to the 
 other mariners, Mafter, take up your 
 anchor, for it is too near us, and may 
 do us harm. And if they will not 
 raife and remove it further off, the 
 mafter and mariners that might have 
 the damage may take it up and fet it 
 further from them ; but if the other will 
 not fuffer them, and it do them damage, 
 they are bound to amend the fame en- 
 tirely. And if fo be they have caft 
 anchor without a. buoy, and they do 
 damage, they are bound to make 
 amends wholly. And if they are in a 
 haven which is dry, they are bound to 
 put marks that others can plainly fee 
 them. And this is the judgment in 
 fuch cafe. 
 
 17. If a fliip arrives to be laden at 
 Bourdeaux or elfewhere, the mafter is 
 bound to fay to his mariners, Mates, 
 will you freight by yourfelves, or be 
 allowed at the freight of the ftiip ? they 
 are bound to anfwer which they will 
 do. If they take at the freight of the 
 fliip, they fliall have fuch freight as the 
 fliip hath, and if they freight by them- 
 felves they ought to freight in fuch 
 manner that the fliip be not delayed. 
 And if by chance they find that there 
 is no freight, the mafter is not to 
 blame, and ought to fliow them their 
 
4o6 
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 Meftr av. nuUe blame f lour doit 
 lour Meftr monftlrer lour ryues f 
 lour leyr & chefcu Marini y poet 
 mettr la paifant de fon mariag f fi 
 ils y voillent mettr tonel de eau ils 
 le pafint bein mettr. Et fi getis 
 eau fe Mt & lour ton d'eau folt getes 
 en mer, il doit eftr comptej p'. vin 
 ou pur auPs darres. li. p li. Si les 
 marifis fe puiflent defendr refonable- 
 ment en mer, Et fi enfi foit q, les 
 mariffls fe fredt gettent af°, nJchantj 
 tiel fr'nchife com les marinls af'ont 
 doit eftr as i8chant3. Et cefte la 
 Jugement en la cas. 
 
 1 8. Les marinis de la coftee de 
 Bretaigne ne devent af"". q, une 
 quifyne le jour g le refon q'ils ount 
 befage evolantj f venant5, Et 
 ceux de Normaundye en deyvent 
 S.9'. II. le jour g la refon q, lour 
 meftre ne le trovee q, eau al aler. 
 Mes puis q^ la nief ifa venu3 a la 
 9le ou le vin y eft les marifls dey- 
 vent avoir bef age f lour doit lour 
 Meftr querer. Et cefte la Juge- 
 ment en la cas< 
 
 ig. Une nief vint en falvete a fa 
 defchge les marififs veullent af '. lour 
 lowers, il y ad afcu q, nad lift ne 
 arche en la nief le Meftr poet rete- 
 nir de fon lower p"" rendre la nief 
 la ou il la prift s'il ne donne bone 
 condicion a gforiS la viage; Et 
 cefte la Jugement en la cas. 
 
 20. Un Meftre dun nief lowe fes 
 mariSs en la ville dount la nief eft 
 f les lowe les un& marriag les autres 
 a deniers, ils veyent ej la nief ne 
 poet trofe freit avenir en fes pties f 
 lour covient aler plus loins, ceux qj 
 vount a marriage la doyvent sur, 
 mesceux<]^ venut adeniers le Meftre 
 
 rules and their charge. And each 
 mariner may fet the weight of his 
 fliipmate, and if they will lay in a ton 
 of water, well, they may do fo. And 
 if it (hould happen in throwing over- 
 board, their ton of water (hould be 
 thrown into the fea, it ought to be 
 reckoned for a ton of wine, or for other 
 goods pound by pound, if the mari- 
 ners doreafonably help them at fea. 
 And if fo be that the mariners freightit 
 with merchandife, fuch franchife as 
 the mariners have, fo ought the mer- 
 chants to have. And this is the judg- 
 ment in fuch cafe. 
 
 J 8. The mariners of the coaft of 
 Brittany ought to have but one meal 
 a day, by reafon that they have drink 
 going and coming. And thofe of 
 Normandy ought to have two meals 
 a day, by reafon that their mafter finds 
 them only water on their voyage. But 
 when the Ihip fhall have come to land 
 where there is wine, the mariners ought 
 to have it to drink, and other things at 
 the finding of the mafter. And this 
 is the judgment in fuch cafe. 
 
 19. A fliip Cometh to its fafe dif- 
 charge and the mariners wifli to have 
 their wages, there are fome that have 
 neither bed nor cabin in the fliip, the 
 mafter may retain of their hire to re- 
 turn to their ihip there, if they have 
 not given good fecurity to perform the 
 voyage. And this is the judgment 
 in fuch cafe. 
 
 so. A mafter of a ftiip hireth his 
 mariners in the town where the fliip 
 is ; that is, fome of their own finding 
 and others at his own coft. It chanceth 
 that the ftiip can find no freight to go 
 to the parts he would, and they muft 
 go further. Thofe who find them- 
 felves ought to follow him, but thofe 
 who came at his cofts, the mailer is 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 407 
 
 eft tenu3 a lour crefcer lour lowers 
 vewe p vewe & coups p coups p 
 la refon qil les avoit lower ^ ?me 
 bien lieu. Et s'ils chargent plus p>s 
 qj lour covenant feuft, pru ils dey- 
 vent av'^ lour tot along, Mes ils dey- 
 vent aider a rendre la nief la ou il 
 lay pSterent fi le Meftre voet al 
 avenEe de dieux. Et cefte la Juge- 
 ment en la cas. 
 
 21. II avient q, une nief vint a 
 Burdeux ou aillours de tiel quilyne 
 com len ufe en la nief les deux ma- 
 rifils empront por? un mes demen?s 
 qils §ront trenche3 en la nief ^ de 
 tiel payn come il av'a ils endeyvent 
 a^ folonc ceo qils pront manger a 
 un manger mes de be^age riens ne 
 doyvent av" fors la nief. Et endey- 
 vent reveffl piftement a la nief. If- 
 fint q, le Meftr ne pde les oueps de 
 la nief, Car fi le Meftr les y pdoit 
 f il yeuft damage ils Sront tenu3 a 
 lemendr ou ft des Compaignons fe 
 bleflb p bofoigne deyde ils §ront te- 
 nu3 a lamendr ou Campaignon f a 
 Meftr f a ceux de la table. Et 
 cefte la Jugement en la cas, 
 
 22. Un Meftre fredl fa Nief a un 
 ifichant & eft devife entre eux & 
 mys un fme pur charger f le mar- 
 chant ne le tient pas, einj la nief 
 tient f les marynls p lefpace de. xv. 
 jours, f afcu foit3 empt le Meftr 
 fon freight p defaute du marchant 
 eft tenu3 a lamendr f en tiel amend 
 q, §ra fait les marifls af ent la quarte 
 ^ le Meftre les trois ^t3. Et cefte 
 la Jugement en la cas. 
 
 23. Un Merchant fre£l une nief 
 & la charge & mette au chemyn & 
 
 bound to increafe their wages yiew by 
 view and courfe by courfe after the 
 rate of their hire to go to a certain 
 place. And if they go nearer than to 
 the place agreed, or as far as they were 
 hired to, they ought to have the whole, 
 but they ought to affift and bring the 
 (hip back from whence they took it if 
 the mafter wifli it and if God permit. 
 And this is the judgment in fuch cafe. 
 
 21. When a ftiip cometh to Bour- 
 deaux or elfewhere, of fuch provifion 
 (or meat) as they ufe in the ihip, two 
 of the mariners may carry away to 
 (hore one mefs and a half, fuch as they 
 eat in the ftiip, and fuch bread as they 
 have, fo that they may eat at one time, 
 but no drink ought to be given out 
 of the {hip. And they ought quickly 
 to return to the ftiip fo that the mafter 
 lofe not their help in the ftiip ; for if 
 the mafter have damage by that lofs, 
 they are bound to make amends j or 
 if any of the companions hurt himfelf 
 for want of help, they are bound to 
 afllft fuch companion as direfled by 
 the mafter and thofe of the table. 
 
 And this is the judgment in fuch 
 cafe. 
 
 II. If a mafter freight his fliip for 
 a merchant as is agreed between them, 
 and fix a certain term, within which 
 the merchant ftiould lade ready to de- 
 part, if the merchant doth it not and 
 detains the ftiip and the mariners for 
 the fpace of 15 days or more, and the 
 mafter lofeth the weather and his 
 freight by default of the merchant, 
 the merchant is bound to make the 
 mafter amends, and of fuch amends as 
 the mafter hath, the mariners ought 
 to have the fourth part and the mafter 
 the other three parts. 
 
 And this is the judgment in fuch 
 cafe. 
 
 23. A merchant freights a ftiip and 
 when laden fends it on its way, the 
 
4o8 
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 entr cell nief en une havene f de- 
 moert taunt (^ deffls luy faillent, le 
 Meftr poet bien envoier a fon paiis 
 pur querr del Argent. Mes il ne 
 doit mye pdre temps gar fil feflbit 
 il eft tenu3 a rendre as nJchant3 
 tous le3 dampnag qils avront Mes 
 le Meftre poet bien p'ndre des Vins 
 as marchant3 f les vendre p'. avoir 
 fon eftorement. Et qu^nt la nief 
 §ra venue & arrive a fa droit def- 
 charge, les vins q, le Meftre af^a pris 
 doyvent eftr a foer mys c^ les au?s 
 Sront vendu3, ne a greyvour feer ne 
 a meynour & aVa le Mes?r fon 
 freight de ceux vins com il pnder 
 des auf s. Et cefte la Jugement en 
 la cas. 
 
 24. Un Bacheler eft Lodeman 
 dune niefs f eft lov/e de lamefner 
 jefqes a Port^ ou tome la doit def- 
 charger,y I'avient q, en ceft port y eit 
 ferme3 ou tomr mette les niefs pur 
 defcharger, le Meftr eft tenu3 a - 
 ^veer fa fourme luy f fes marifls f 
 y mettr balingues q'ils ne pgent au 
 plain ou q, la fo''me foit bien balin- 
 guer q, les r8chant3 neyent damp- 
 nage gar s'ils avoient dampnage le 
 Meftr eft tenu3 a I'amendr s'il ne 
 dye refon pur quo qil ne foit abatU3 
 de fa refon f le lodeman ad bien fait 
 fon devoir q'nnt il ad mefme la nief 
 ainefne3 jeflces a la fourme gar 
 jekS illoqs la devoit amefner. Et 
 de celle heur enav^nt le fet eft f"" le 
 Meftr f fur les Marifls. Et cefte 
 la Jugement en la cas, &c. 
 
 faid (hip enters a haven and remaineth 
 there fo long that the money faileth 
 them, the matter ought to fend quickly 
 to his country to a(k for money, but 
 he ought not to lofe his time, for if he 
 do he is bound to redrefs the merchants 
 all the damages they have fuftained. 
 But the matter may well take of the 
 wines and meichandife and make fale 
 thereof for his ttore. And when the 
 fhip (hall come and arrive at its right 
 difcharge the wine that the matter had 
 taken ought to be praifed after the 
 rate the others (hall be fold, and not 
 for lefs, and the matter ought to have 
 his freight of thofe wines fo taken as 
 of others. 
 
 And this is the judgment in fuch 
 cafe. 
 
 24. A bachelor is lodefman or pilot 
 of a (hip, and is hired to take her 
 to a certain port or further where (he 
 ought to be difcharged, it happens 
 that in fuch port (he is made fatt where 
 the (hips are put to unload. The 
 matter is bound to provide the fup- 
 plies for himfelf and his mariners and 
 to place marks that it may be plainly 
 feen where he lies by fuch marks, that 
 the merchants receive no damage j for 
 if they have damage the matter is 
 bound to make amends if he give not 
 (u(Hcient reafon that he had done right, 
 and that the pilot had properly done 
 his duty fo far as he had anchored the 
 (hip clofe to the place where flie ought 
 to have been taken, and from that 
 time whatfoever happens is upon the 
 matter and upon the mariners. 
 
 And this is the judgment in fuch 
 cafe, &c. 
 
APPENDIX. 409 
 
 No: V. 
 Wardens' Account in the Reign of Henry IF. anno 1401. 
 
 En le nom de Dieu & fa douce mere, lundy le xxix. jo', de mars, 
 I'an du Grace m,cccc,j,& Tan du Roy Henry Quarte, puifle la con- 
 quefte tierce. Ih, s. d. 
 
 Ceux font les coftages q, les ditz meftres Henry 
 
 Halton & Robert Hackjion ont feat en lor 
 
 temps. Prinement ont paie p' le faleyre de 
 
 Sir Ro^. lo''. Chapeleyn c'eft aflavoir de pafk 
 
 en pafk vj xiij iv 
 
 Itm. paie p'. le rent de nre meafon en le tour en 
 
 Bokelerfbury p^ un an, c'eft aflavoir de la 
 
 feyfte de Seint John Baptift I'an du Roy iii 
 
 tant au fefte du Seint John I'an iiii . . . xxxiij iv 
 
 Itm, paie a le Bedyl Rob'. Sterm por^ fon falerye 
 
 po'. un an de may tante a may .... liij iv 
 
 Ifm. po'. fon vefture encontre nowell po^. iii 
 
 verges dp de verd ■ vij 
 
 Itm. paie a le preftre po^ payn, vyn & chandell 
 
 po"'. chaunter mefie ij 
 
 Itm. paie po'. vij mynftrales po^ chevaucher* ;:; 
 
 avec les vifcom' R. Chychley & S. Marlowe . xlvj viij 
 
 Itm. po'. drap de lo"^. chaprons & po". le feflure viij x 
 
 Itm. po'. lo'. dyner & po'. vyn po'. boyre au 
 
 - ditz mynftralles , ^ . . . xvj 
 
 Itm. po'. un cheval po'. un bedel a mefme temps xiij 
 
 Itm. nous avons paie po''. le chevacbe du John 
 
 Walcote Mayr, po'. vj mynftralles po'. lo'. 
 
 faleire xl 
 
 iVm. po'. lo'. chaprons and po . lo'. feflure - . viij 
 
 Itm. po . lo . dyner & po'. vyn po . le chemyn. xxi 
 
 Itm. po'. uh cheval pO'. le bfedyl ..... iiij 
 
 Cfeftes font les coftages q. nous avons featz & 
 
 payes a la venue du Roygne Johane iadys 
 
 Duchefle de Bretaygnf p'- couronement 
 
 • Anglice,,to ride. Chevache was a riding, or proceflion, on horfeback. See 
 No. 8, in the Appendix, for an explanation. 
 
 f "In the fayde yere King Henrie maried Jane Duches of Briteyne, late wife 
 to John Duke of Briteyne, at the Citie of Winchefter, and with all tryumphant 
 pompe conveyed her through the Citie of London to Weftminfter, and there (he 
 was crowned Queene." — Grafton's Chronicle, vol. i. p. 488. 
 
 3 G 
 
41 o APPENDIX. 
 
 lb. s. d. 
 
 paie a Robert Sterm, bedel po . fes defpences 
 
 quant il chevachoit en Sowthfolk po'. fere le 
 
 garnyfement po^ les mynftralles de fa venue vj viii 
 
 Itm. paie a Panel mynftrale & a fes v com- 
 
 paynons le jour q. nous chevauchames a le 
 
 Blakheth . . . • iij 
 
 Itm, paie po^ lo'. chaprons & po'. lo'. feflures x ij 
 
 Itm. po'. lo'. dyner & po'. vyn ij 
 
 Itm. paie au ditz mynftralles lendemain & quant 
 
 le Roygne paflbit pinye le Chepe vers Weft- 
 
 menftre xiij iv 
 
 Itm. po'. vyn en Chepe po'. les mynftralles . xiij 
 
 Itm. po'. un cheval po'. le Bedel xij 
 
 Itm. nous avons expendus le jour de elecion 
 
 des nouvell meftres en payn, vyn, cuoyftre, 
 
 blaundrett & formage xvj 
 
 Itm. p'. ij chapelettes po'. couron'. les nouvels 
 
 meftres xx 
 
 Sm'"- de les achates & de les coftages 
 
 xx\}ib. ivs. ay. 
 
 No. VI. 
 
 jimongji the Records preferved in the Tcuier of London, and now in 
 the cujlody of the Mafter of the Rolls., to wit on the Patent Roll of 
 the "ith Year of King Henry VI. m. 25 is contained as follows : 
 
 JP litJls fioib^ Mif- \ ^- °^"'^5 ad The King to all to whom, &c. 
 
 r> C [ •I""® '*■ '^Ini- For the freemen-. Greeting. Know 
 
 f Sciatisqddegfa of the Myllery ye that we of our 
 
 VltatlS I?; London, j ^_^^ ^ j. ^ ^^ ^f Grocery of Upecial grace and 
 
 ■ r ^ ^ rr r c rv ~- the King's City f with the advice and 
 
 avilamento et alienfu Conlilii nri ^t / \ a- . c n 
 
 , ,.,. i~.i. of London. -* aflent ot our Coun- 
 
 conceffimus ditcis not hfiis hoib3 ^;, ^^^^ g^^^^^j ^^ ^^^ beloved the 
 
 Miftere Groceric Ci vitatis nre Lon- Freemen of the Myilery of Grocery of 
 
 don qd Miftera p'dca f omes Boies our City of London, that the afore- 
 
 ejufdem deceSo fint in re f noie faid Myftery and all the men thereof 
 
 Corpus et una coiSunitas ppetua. f™"" henceforth maybe in deed and 
 
 „ , , „ _ . V. ,. name a body and one perpetual Com- 
 
 Et qd eadem Comun.tas finguhs ^„„;ty,and that the fame Community 
 
 annis eligere poflit f fa8e de fe ipa ,„3y ^e able every year to elea and 
 
 tres cuftodes ac fupvidend regend make from themfelves three Wardens 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 411 
 
 f gubnanS mifteram f Coitatem 
 ^dcas f omes ftoies f negocia eaf- 
 dem imgptn. Et qd iidetn Cuftodes 
 f Coitas teeant fucceffionem ppe- 
 tuam & coie figillum p negociis dee 
 Comunitatis Svitur et qd ipi ^ Suc- 
 ceflbres fui iiSpptn fint pfone habi- 
 les f capaces in lege ad pquirend 
 & poflidend in feodo f ppetuitate 
 Pras ten redditus f alias poflefliones 
 quafcunq,. Et qd ipi p nomen Cuf- 
 todutn Coitatis Miftere Grocerie 
 London implitari poffint ^ implitari 
 coram quibufcunq, Judicib3 in Cur 
 f accoibj quibufcunq,. Et ul?ius de 
 ubiori gra nra f de avifamento f 
 aflenfu Confilii nf i conceflim ^ qd 
 Cuftodes f Comunitas dee Miftere 
 Pras ten f redditus infra Civitatem 
 London et fuburbia ejufdem que 
 de nob tenenf ad valorem Viginti 
 Marcaf p annu adquirere poffint 
 Hend f tenend fibi f Succeflbrib3 
 imppm in auxiliu fuftentacois tarn 
 paupum fioim dee Coitatis q"m 
 unius Capellani divina cotidie |) 
 ftatu nro dum vi£im® ac aia nfa 
 cum migrafim® necnon j) ftatu 
 f aiab3 oim fioim deaf Miftere f 
 Coitatis ac oim fideliO defuncElog 
 juxta ordinacoem ipof Cuftodiim 
 f Coitatis in hac parte faciend 
 celebraturi imppm Statute de Pris 
 ^ ten ad manii mortuam non po- 
 nend edito feu eo qd Pre ten f red- 
 ditus fie adquirend de nob teneant 
 in libum burgagiii fieut tota Civi- 
 tatis London non obftante. Dum- 
 tamen p inquificois inde capiend 
 f in Cancellar nra rite retornand 
 cpmptum fit qd id fieri poffit abfq, 
 dampno vel prejudicio nri vel he- 
 
 to overlook, rule, and govern the Myf- 
 tery and Commonalty aforefaid, and 
 all the men and affairs thereof for ever; 
 and that the fame Wardens and Com- 
 monalty may have perpetual fucccf- 
 fion and a common feal for the ufe 
 of the affairs of the faid Commu- 
 nity; And that they and their fuc- 
 celTors for ever may be perfons able 
 and capable in law to purchafe and 
 poffefs in fee and perpetuity, lands, 
 tenements, rents and other pofTefllons 
 whatfoever, And that they by the 
 name of the Wardens of the Com- 
 monalty of the Myftery of Grocery of 
 London may have power to implead 
 and be impleaded before whatfoever 
 juftices in all courts and aftions what- 
 foever. And further of our more 
 abundant grace and with the advice 
 and aflent of our Council we have 
 granted that the Wardens and Com- 
 monalty of the faid Myftery may have 
 power to acquire lands, tenements and 
 rents within the City of London and 
 fuburbs thereof which are holden of 
 us, to the value of twenty marks yearly. 
 To have and to hold to them and 
 their fucceffors for ever in aid of fuf- 
 taining as well the poor men of the 
 faid Commonalty as of one Chaplain, 
 daily to celebrate divine fervice for 
 our ftate whilft we live, and for our 
 foul when we go hence ; and alfo for 
 the ftate and fouls of all men of the 
 faid myftery and Commonalty, and 
 of all the faithful deceafed according 
 to the ordering of the faid Wardens 
 and Commonalty to be made in this 
 behalf the ftatute of lands and tene- 
 ments not to be put to mortmain, 
 or that the lands, tenements and rents 
 fo to be acquired be held of us in free 
 burgage as is all the City of London, 
 notwithftanding. Provided that it be 
 found by inquifition thereupon taken 
 and duly returned into our Chancery 
 that the fame will not be to the damage 
 or prejudice of us or our heirs, or of 
 other perfons whomfoever. In Wit- 
 
412 APPENDIX 
 
 redu nrO| aut alio? quojcumqj. In nefs whereof &c. Witnefs the King 
 
 cuius &<=. T. R. apud Weftm. xvi. ^' Weftminfter the i6th day of Fe- 
 
 ,. P , bruary 
 
 °'^ ^ ^° By Writ of Privy Seal and for 
 
 P fere de private Sigillo f p fifty pounds paid into the Ha- 
 
 quinquaginta libris folu? in ha- naper. 
 
 napio. 
 
 No. VII. 
 
 Tranjlat'ion from the Latin of the Patent Roll of the zdth Tear of the 
 Reign of King Henry ¥!.■, Granting to the Grocers' Company the 
 Privilege of Garbling and Examining Drugs, Spices, (^c. a.d. 
 1447. 
 
 The King, to all whom, &c. greeting, — know ye that we, con- 
 fidering how much it will be for the general good and advantage of all 
 the fubje£ls of our kingdom of England, that all fort of fpices and 
 merchandizes as well annis, cummin, wormfeed, wax, alum, kermes, 
 — as pepper, ginger, cloves, mace, cinnamon, rhubarb, fcammony, 
 fpikenard, turpentine, fenna, almonds, dates, rolin, treacle, eleduaries, 
 fyrups, waters, oils, ointments, plafters, powders, and all conferves 
 and confe£tions, — as gum, ginger, fuccades, cardamums, and all forts 
 of merchandizes, fpices, and drugs, in any wife belonging to medicines, 
 and whatfoever fliall by fufHcient officers fkilled in the premifes of 
 this kind whom we are pleafed to depute and appoint, duly and juftly 
 to fupervife, garble, fearch, examine, and prove, to the purpofe and 
 intent, that none of our fubjefts aforefaid may in future be deprived of 
 benefit in buying any of the aforefaid merchandizes, fpices, and drugs, 
 — ^nor by the buying of thefe kind to be in anywife hurt in their bodily 
 health; whereas it fo appears as is alledged that merchandizes, fpices, 
 and drugs of the fort above mentioned, for defedt of officers of this 
 kind, are not duly fupervifed, garbelled, fearched, examined, and duly 
 proved, but are daily fold to our faid fubjects not at all cleanfed, gar- 
 belled, and fearched, to the manifeft deceipt and hurt of our fubjefts 
 in this behalf; therefore, for a due and juft remedy to be thereupon 
 had. We, of our fpecial fevour, have ordained, conftituted, and ap- 
 pointed our beloved William Wetnale, Richard Hakedy, and Thomas 
 Gibbes, Wardens of the Myftery of Grocers of our City of London, 
 to garbel all thefe kind of fpices and merchandizes above fpiecifiedand 
 mentioned, in whofefoever hands they can find them, as well in. the 
 towns of Southampton and Sandwich as in all other places within our 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 413 
 
 faid kingdom, as well within liberties as without (our City aforefaid 
 only excepted) to have and occupy the aforefaid bufinefs for ever by 
 themfelves and their fucceffors, Wardens of the Miftery aforefaid, or 
 by their fufficient deputies by them with the general confent of their 
 Miftery, from time to time, to be appointed for that purpofe ; and to 
 receive and take in the faid bufinefs fuch fees, profits, and advantages, 
 as in our faid City, heretofore, were ufed to be had and taken for fuch 
 garbelling: and further, of our abundant favour, we have made, or- 
 dained, conftituted, and appointed the aforefaid William, Richard, and 
 Thomas, to fupervife, fearch, examine, and prove all the fpices, drugs, 
 and merchandizes above fpecified and mentioned, whatfoever belongs 
 to medicines in whofefoever hands they can find them within the City, 
 towns, and places aforefaid, as well within liberties as without, to have 
 and exercife the above bufinefs for ever by themfelves and their fuc- 
 ceffors. Wardens of the Miftery aforefaid, or by their deputies, who 
 thereto by the fame Wardens, with the general confent of the faid 
 Miftery, from time to time, fliall be chofen; giving and granting to the 
 faid Wardens and their fucceffors for ever, full Hcenfe, power, and 
 authority to garbel, fupervife, fearch, examine, and prove, all forts of 
 merchandizes, fpices, and drugs, in manner and form aforefaid above 
 recited : and furthermore, of our more abundant grace, we have granted 
 that if any merchant or other perfon, native or foreigner, within our 
 kingdom aforefaid, fhall in future expofe to fale any of the merchandizes, 
 fpices, and drugs, aforefaid, by the aforefaid Wardens or their fucceffors, 
 or their deputies, in manner aforefaid, not fupervifed,garbelled, fearched, 
 examined, and proved, that then the faid merchandizes, fpices, and 
 drugs, fo by the faid Wardens and their fucceffors, or their deputies, 
 not fupervifed, garbelled, fearched, examined, or proved, {hall imme- 
 diately become forfeited to us, our fucceffors, and that the aforefaid 
 Wardens and their fucceffors, or their deputies, and each of them, have 
 full power and authority to feize the faid forfeitures to the ufe of us, 
 our heirs, and fucceffors, and to make due execution in that behalf; 
 and that the faid Wardens and their fucceffors fliall anfwer to us, our 
 heirs, and fucceffors, annually, in our Exchequer at Weftminfter, con- 
 cerning all thefe kind of forfeitures to us, for the caufes aforefaid be- 
 longing, which fliall become due ; and that the faid Wardens and their 
 fucceffors, for their care and diligence in this behalf, fliall have and 
 receive, to the ufe of the Miftery aforefaid, one half of all the for- 
 feitures belonging to us, our heirs, and fucceffors, for the caufes afore- 
 faid, as often as they fliall happen ; and that for the faid half part they 
 fliall have an allowance in their annual account at our faid Exchequer, 
 provided always that none of our fubje£ts, by this our prefent grant, 
 be in any wife damaged, becaufe that exprefs mention of the true yearly 
 
414 APPENDIX. 
 
 value of the premifes in thefe prefents made, does not appear any 
 ftatute, ordinance, or aft thereof, made, ordained, or provided to the 
 contrary thereof, in anywife notwithftanding. 
 
 Witnefs the King at Weftminfter, 8th of March. 
 
 By writ of Privy Seal, and of the date aforefaid, 
 by authority of Parliament. 
 
 No. VIII. 
 
 Specimen of the Wardens' Accounts for One Tear, in the Reign of 
 
 Henry VI. 
 
 John Welles, Alderman. 
 
 In the name of Jhu. Thomas Catvi^orthe & John Godyn, 
 Wardeyns. 
 
 This is the aconte of the feide Thomas & John, Wardeynes, fFrom 
 the xxv"'^ day of Julye the yeere of Almyghtye God 1435, and of the 
 reigne of the fixte Kyng Henry the xii yeere, unto the xxvj"" day of 
 Julye the yeere of the faid Almyghtye God 1436, and of the reyne of 
 the feid Kyng Henry the xiiii""*, that is to wyte be the tyme of there 
 yeere. 
 
 Ih. s. d. 
 Refcey ved ffurft of Will. Wettenhale & Thomas 
 
 Cannynge of the refidue of money left in there 
 
 handes in the ende of there acomte the nexte 
 
 to xxiiii iiii 
 
 Alfo of Symkyn Groby & Thomas Chubbe ex- 
 ecutors of the teftament of Rauf Gyllefton to 
 
 our almes and byldynge v 
 
 Alfo of Ray Symfone & W. Bray, executors 
 
 of Will. Bothe, Grocere, to our almes and 
 
 byldyng v 
 
 Alfo of John Tyntylden and Thomas Rokyfley 
 
 executors of John Dekene, Grocere, and his 
 
 wyfFe to our almes and byldyng xiii vi viii 
 
 Alfo of Thomas, the fon of Thomas Knollys 
 
 Alderman, for makyng of our welle and the 
 
 foundament of our kechene vj xiii iv 
 
 Alfo of Thomas Burbache, garbellour, for ii 
 
 yeeres "" 
 
 Alfo of the fm'"- of a reft of certeyn dettours 
 
 of xliiii/i. from y"^ aconte of W. Wettenhale 
 
XX 
 
 XX 
 
 VI 
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 lb. 
 
 & T. Cannyng's tyme due to the Groceres 
 and afEgnyd to us to paye the dette of the 
 Companye xi 
 
 Alfo receyved be the handis of John Bacon 
 and John Maldon, colleiElours chofen be the 
 Companye of the mony igranted be certeyn 
 perfones of the crafte to the purchafyng a 
 peice of the voyde ground fum tyme the 
 Lord Fitzwalter's halle xxxij 
 
 Alfo of Syr Henry Bromflete, Knyght, for his 
 entre into our clothyng & Brotherhode . . 
 
 Alfo of Thomas Broun, Squier, for his entre in 
 like wife 
 
 Alfo of John Chicheley, Chambyrleyn of Lon- 
 don, be the hand of John Wellys, Alderman, 
 fFor the half deel of xx mark of a fyne of 
 grene zz. imaad to the chambre .... 
 
 Alfo of John de Marcatono for a pipe of wyne 
 
 Alfo rec'' of certeyn psones of the craft for 
 waiges of ii fperes and iiii bowes, fowdiers, 
 ffor the fauf kepyng of Caleys agenft the 
 feege of the fals pretendyng Duke of Bur- 
 goyne 
 
 Alfo rec"* of certeyn psones of the craft be the 
 handes of Thomas Catworthe for the pro- 
 vydyng clothing of Roger Otteley choiyn 
 Meir \vlb. xms. \xd. Alfo rec"*. be the handes 
 of John Godyn fFor the fame clothyng xxvjj. 
 
 Alfo receyvyd xvlb. v'ns. \n]d. of alle mann"'. 
 of ffynes be the handes of Thomas Cattef 
 worthe. Alfo rec*. xvij& vd. of alle mann. 
 
 \ of fynes receyvyd be the handes of John 
 Godyn 
 
 Alfo receyvyd of dyverfe perfonnes of the craft 
 for the cofte of murrey and plunket clothe, 
 clxxiiij yerds & i qr., with the prefte money, 
 & withouten xlix yerds & i half of the fame 
 cloth igiven & lent & unpaide 
 
 Alfo, charge for emplufage of the fame clothyng, 
 levyng in myne handes m]lb. x]s. viij<f. Item, 
 dettes after certen acconte not here . . . 
 
 Item, receyvyd of Will"". Bazet, for the rente 
 
 4'5 
 
 d. 
 
 XVIJ VHJ 
 
 xni 
 Iiii 
 
 IV 
 
 iv 
 
 XllJ 
 
 Ivi 
 
 IX 
 
 XIX 
 
 vui 
 
 XIX 
 
 iiij 
 
 VIIJ 
 
41 6 APPENDIX. 
 
 lb. 
 
 mj 
 
 of Will", Staundon,be the handes of Thomas 
 
 Catworthe, m]lb. \\s. vn]d. Item, be the 
 
 handes of John Godyn xi\]lh. for ii yeeres' 
 
 rent , , xvij vi viij 
 
 Alfo,receyvyd of Will". Wettenhale.& Thomas 
 
 Canynge, of mony ileft in ther handes in the 
 
 ende of ther acconte of the receyit of mony 
 
 of the rente fum tyme of Will". Cambrigge, 
 
 atte Stokkes vj viii jx 
 
 Alfo, receyvyd of the tenante, atte Stokkes,* 
 
 fFor the ij yeres fr. the tyme of our acconte 
 
 the fame rente xxxv ■> 
 
 Item, receyvyd be the handes of Thomas Cat- 
 worthe, of John Maldon, Wardeyn, new 
 
 fhofen for the refidue of a vewe of this ac- 
 conte imaad be the feyde Thomas Catworthe 11 ii 
 Sm'". receyvyd be Thomas Catworthe"\ 
 
 Ixxvij/^. xix5. \n]d. I ' 
 
 Sm'°. receyvyed be John Godyn j ■' •' 
 
 mxxxiiij/^. iiiix. i]d.j 
 Remembryd be itt that the wyfe of John Deken 
 ^ executrix with his othir co-executors, renderyd 
 
 to the Companie of Grocers an obligacon due 
 
 to her hufbande atte ende of his acconte and 
 
 John Bacone as it apperith in this booke 
 
 atte 109 leef, but fFor as much as we no 
 
 mony thereof receyvyd nethir paid, we 
 
 charge us not ; the Sm'°. of the obligacon is 
 
 \xlb. xvjj. 
 Alfo, in like wife, was pardonyd to Will"". Serle, 
 
 Carpenter, iij/i. as it apperith atte feide 109 
 
 leef, in the fame acconte. Wherefore we 
 
 charge us not but acconte of No. 
 
 The Paiment and Difcharge of Thomas Catworthe and John Godyn. 
 
 lb. . X. d. 
 Ffurft paid for pavyngtyles & pavyng of the 
 trefance betwene the two halle dores to a 
 carpenter and the mafons xxxi vj 
 
 * Stock's Market. It was fituated in Cornhill, near the Conduit. 
 
APPENDIX. ^ly 
 
 lb. t. d. 
 
 Paid to Hughe, glazier, ffor certeyn wyndowes 
 in our halle qteynyng i°.iiii feet, for John 
 Deken & W"-. Loxley, at xx.d. a fote . . . vj xv 
 
 Paid to John Wellys, Alderman, for olde dette 
 due to hym atte the ende of the acconte of 
 John Bacon and John Deken xx 
 
 Alfo, paid to Will™. Serle, carpenter, due to 
 hym atte tyme of acconte of John Bacon & 
 John Dekene, for his rewarde of zs. affigned 
 to hym in pleyn peyment thereof, xb. & the 
 iij/i. be pardonyd xl 
 
 Alfo, paid to John Carpenter the mairalte dew 
 fFor the ground in the Groceres' Hall, lying be 
 the Olde Jeurye, ipurchafed ayeer .... xl 
 
 Paid to Will™. Burton moytie of paiement of 
 olde dette due to hym atte ende of his ac- 
 conte li i 
 
 Paid to our almefmen be the fpace of ii yeeres 
 fFurft be the handys of Thomas Catworthe, 
 \mlb. viiJT. and be John Godyn xv/^. viijj. . xix xvi 
 
 Paid be the handys of John Godyn for myn- 
 ftralls and there hodys,i amendyng of ban- 
 neres, and hire of barges with Thomas Cat- 
 worth & Robert Clopton, chofen Shyerevis,'' 
 goyng be water to Weftmynfter .... iiij vj iii 
 
 Paid to ij fperes and iiii bowes fent be the Com- 
 pany of Groceres for the fauf kepyng of 
 Caleys agenft the feige of the fals Duke of 
 Burgoyne xiij xl 
 
 And be the handys of Thomas Catworthe for 
 pty cottages and coUacons vj^. v]d. and be 
 the handes of John Godyn x/i. xviij^. ij</. . xj iiii viij 
 
 Paid be the handys of Thomas Catworthe for 
 a dyner maad to the newe maiftres and the 
 Companye atte audite iiij ii ix 
 
 Paid be the handys of Thomas Catworthe to 
 Sir Steven Flour, prefte of the Groceres, in 
 partie of paiement of his falarie for ii yeeres 
 of our tyme iij/^. vjx. viii^., and be John 
 Godyn idh xiij vi viii 
 
 ■ Hoods. ' SherifFs. 
 
 3" 
 
41 8 APPENDIX. 
 
 lb. s. d. 
 
 Paid fFor the waiges of mafons makyng the welle, 
 
 the fundament of the kychene, and the north- 
 
 walle and wyndowes of the pantre and bote- 
 
 Irye vij/i. xv^. iij^. Item SkafFoldes & necef- 
 
 faries for the mafons and laborers xlvij^. vd. 
 
 Item, For waiges and rewardes of laborers, 
 
 xi]lb. xiiijj. vj(/. xxij xvij ii 
 
 Payde for ftuf of lyme, fand mefth™. fton, chalk 
 
 and iFerrement of iryn , xiiii liij vi 
 
 Item, be the handes of Catteworthe, for cof- 
 
 tages of the gardyn, iiiji. viij</. ; and be the 
 
 handes of John Godyn, for makyng the erber,* 
 
 carvyng newe raylyng of al the vynes & gar- 
 dyne, w\]lh. y\i]s. \i]d. vij xiij iii 
 
 Alfo, paid for coftis, fFreight, cariage, whar- 
 
 vage & pilyng up of ii fhippes of waloill,* 
 
 conteynyng xlviij." iii. v. oyll, igevyn to 
 
 the felaulhyp be Thomas the fone of Thomas 
 
 Knollys xliiij vi 
 
 Paid be T. Catworthe for rent & focage of the 
 
 Groceres' Halle, to John Carpenter, \us. viij^. 
 
 and be J. Godyn iij^. viiii. for ii yers the 
 
 tyme of aconte vii iv 
 
 Paid be T. Catworthe to John Dalton, Bedell, 
 
 ffor his wages of a yeere xxxiij^. iiij^. and 
 
 paid to Will™. Heylyngfegge, Bedell, be J. 
 
 Godyn fFor a yeere lilb. xi. Sm'" for 2 
 
 yeeres vlb vi xiii iv 
 
 Paid be Th'. Catworthe to John Smyth in p"'. 
 
 of paiement of his wages, xVu. vn]d. Item, 
 
 be John Godyn xxv^ xli viij 
 
 Paid fFor plee & coftis of grene zz,' be advyfe 
 
 of all the craft ferchid & areftid, with the 
 
 coftis of x butts & vi roundeletts of refins of 
 
 Corent, iiij bales of Canell, & a bale of zz, 
 
 ffals and deffe£tifF garbelling of pepper & 
 
 cloves, & alle other fFalfe wayeing prefented 
 
 by an enqueft vj xiij ix 
 
 ' Arbour. 
 
 ' Whaleoll, qy } This is a very fingular item, which it is difficult to explain or 
 underftand. 
 
 ' I imagine this to mean ginger. 
 
APPENDIX. 419 
 
 lb. s. d. 
 
 Paid to dame Edithe Cambrigge for iij yeeres' 
 
 rente of here dower the day of recone agenft 
 
 the Wardeyns & the Companye of Grocers . xviij 
 Paid to her alfo for a yeere after that we hadde 
 
 itaken it to ferme of her be endenture . . iiij 
 Paid to the rente gaderer fFor ij yeers laborying 
 
 abouten reparacon & gaderyng of the feide 
 
 rsi'c xiij iv 
 
 Paid for quiterente of Cambrigge's rente atte 
 
 Stokkes to the Abbot of Bermondfeye fFor ii 
 
 yeeres the tyme of our acconte xij 
 
 Paid to Cambrigge's prefte be Thomas Cat- 
 
 worthe xxxiiji. wd. Item, be John Godyn 
 
 full payement of ij yeeres' wages xUb, xi\]s. 
 
 ivd. xiij vi iv 
 
 Paid for the feid rente for newe latthypg & 
 
 tylyng of alle the old rente & reparacon of 
 
 old & newe, & amendyng of alle faultes . . x xvi vii 
 
 Paid be the handis of Thomas Catworthe be 
 
 the fpace of ii yeeres fFor the tenement of 
 
 Will". Cambrigge and wax ifounden in his 
 
 chappell xxxiijx. and be John Godyn xlvi'y. 
 
 v]d. iiij vi 
 
 Paid be Thomas Catworthe to the prefte of 
 
 Will™. Staundon, & fFor his obite ij yeer, 
 
 vlb. vis. viiid. and be J. Godyn xijft. . . . xvij vi viij 
 
 Paid fFor the clothyng murrey and plunket 
 
 celftyne,! conteyning iii^.xxxii yerdis i quart'. 
 
 with alle veftages ciii xi ix 
 
 Paid be Thomas Catworthe fFor xx clothis of 
 
 lynefey agenfl the ryding^ of Robert Otte- 
 
 ' This was for the liveries, which appear to have varied in the colours from 
 time to time. 
 
 In 1444 is an entry ftating — 
 
 "rec"'. of owre brethren of y^. crafte for owre liverie, ) . ,, 
 
 "fcarlette&greene."5^'** 'S " 
 
 in 1448 it is mentioned as " fcarlette and blacke ; " 
 
 in 1450 the clothing is defcribed as " vyolette in grayn for 
 gownes & for hoodys, parted with cremefyn." 
 
 ' The cuftom of this, and, doubtlefs the other Companies, joining the Mayor 
 & Sheriffs in proceffion, to meet the Sovereigns on their public entry into the City, 
 for on Lord Mayor's Day, is detailed in an ordinance termed, " an alle ofmercy- 
 ment : " that is, of amercing or fining. It ordains, that whoever ihould omit to come 
 in due time, when warned by the beadle, to the court quarter-day, "to ryding 
 
420 APPENDIX. 
 
 lb. 
 
 ley, Mayor, ■xXwilb. Item. Sheryng of the 
 
 fame, xxx xlvij 
 
 Item. Wagis for mynftralls' be Thomas Cat- 
 worthe, vlb. xijx. viij^. Item. Hodys & 
 makyng xxxs. xd. Item. A hors for Dal- 
 
 ton \id. vii 
 
 Sm'"- p"'. be Thomas Catworthe-^ 
 
 Ixxvij/i. xixs. 'in]d. 
 
 Sm'». p". be John Godyn 
 
 iiWi/^. ms. vid. 
 
 "y 
 
 Sm'». 
 iiii'xxix i 
 
 No. IX. 
 
 Extra£t of the " Accompte of Stephn Brown Alderm". John Blaunche 
 & John Plomer late Wardyns of the Groc*. of London of alle man' 
 Charges and difcharges occupyinge in ther tyme that is to fay from 
 the xii day of Novebr. in the yer of owre Lord m.cccc.xlviij unto 
 the xvij day of Auguft y', was in y'^yer ofF owre Lord m.cccc.l & 
 in the yer of Kyge Henry the VI. xxviii. 
 
 Refleytes of fFynes for offenc'. don 
 
 Refs"*. of Rob'. Sewale for obftinafie put owte 
 
 of ye felalhepe & brekynge of good rewlis . S"". v]lb. xiijs m]d 
 Refs"*. of John Gierke for brekynge of y' 
 
 Sunday S"". iij; iii]d 
 
 Refs''.of Martyn Harlowe for ibem & i weyght 
 
 not trewe S". xiijj mid 
 
 againft y*^ King, Queene, or other Lords, with the Maire, SheryfF, or going on 
 pceffion with the Maire, as coiiion courfe is, at Criftmafle and other tymes, con- 
 gregacons, or any other thynges," that they be warned to pay the penalty or 
 amercement to the beadle, or, if they omitted till the Mafter came, they were to 
 pay the double. The mulfl: being " for the Kyng, Queene, or Maire's ridyng, 
 fyne uis. iiijii." and on other occaiions izd. or zs. Chaucer makes thefe Ridings, 
 as they were called, or royal proceffions into the City, a great inducement to the 
 City apprentices to negleiS their occupations: he fays, — 
 
 " A prentis whilom dwelt in our Citee, 
 At eyery bride-ale would he fmg and hoppe ; 
 He loved bet the taverne than the (hoppe. 
 For, when ther any riding was in Chepe, 
 Out of the flioppe thider wold he lepe. 
 And 'til thus he had all the ftght yfein. 
 And danced wel, he wold not come agen." 
 
APPENDIX. 421 
 
 Itm. Refs". of y" (ayd Martyn for offens don 
 
 in y' grocers halle agens y" mayftris of y"= 
 
 ^^^'^^'^^^^ S"'. xiij. iiii^ 
 
 Refs**. of John Avis for brekyge of psis of 
 
 ^^•■^ S">. vjV viij^ 
 
 Refs". of Henry Purchas S™. xiiu iiii<^ 
 
 Refs''. of John Rygg for obflinafye to y' War- 
 
 deynes & medelynge of pep"^ S""- xlb. 
 
 Refs"*. of John Newman for fendyge of ware in 
 
 to y« country S™. vj^ viij^ 
 
 Refs". of Richard Reede for brekynge of pryfis 
 
 of ware S" xj 
 
 Refs". of John Goddyn for entryge a pleyte 
 
 w'"owte lyfenfe upon Will"'. Heggelys . . S". xxvji viijV 
 
 Refs". of Richard Joynor for brekyge of prys 
 
 of ware S™. x\s 
 
 Refs". of John Weldon for byinge of reyfins 
 
 Core' S™. iij^ iiii,^ 
 
 Refs". of John Pecot for a fyne S'". iiUb xiijj iiii^ 
 
 S". xxvij/^. iiij. iiiia^. 
 
 No. X. 
 
 Weigh-House. 
 
 The Grocers' Company having the charge and management of the 
 public fcale, or King's Beam, made the following tariff of charges in 
 the year 1453. 
 
 In the tyme of Rich". Lee, Will. Taylor, & John Bafingthwayte 
 beynge Wardeyns, 
 
 This impoficion was maad & ordeyned by the Wardeynes & the 
 felefliepe affocied, the xxi daye of Juin in the yere of owre Lord 
 m.cccc.liij, and alle the names of them folowe in wrytinge that were 
 at this ordenaunce makyng, for wele of the beem. 
 
 d, 
 
 Furfte, for Pepper, i bale xx 
 
 Safron, i cak xx 
 
 Clowes, I bale, y" C viij 
 
 Mac, I bale or barel viij 
 
 Greynes, i balet, y'= C xij 
 
 Cynamon, i kafe be it gret or fmal vj 
 
422 APPENDIX. 
 
 Gynger, cafe or bale, y' C iiij 
 
 Nottemeg, i bale, y' C iij; 
 
 Long Pepper, d. y"= C iij 
 
 Flowre of Alman, eny draught iiij 
 
 Reyfens of Corent, y« butte, "| e r; 
 
 Reyfens of Corent, y' barell, j ^ ■* 
 
 Gynger, y^ barel, y^ C vj 
 
 Galyngale, y<^ bale, y« C iiij 
 
 Drugges, eny draught ij 
 
 Woode, y" balett ij 
 
 Mader, y' bale v 
 
 Alum, foyle or rooch, y" bale . iiij 
 
 Yorns (horns) y° tunne iiij 
 
 Tyn, y« peece ij 
 
 Leed y^ ffodder iiij 
 
 Coton, y' bale iiij 
 
 Coton, Cyprus or baffelan, y° C ij 
 
 Ryfe, y'= bale ij 
 
 Comyn and Anneys, y' bale iiij 
 
 Soope, y« pype iiij 
 
 Almaunds, y* bale iij 
 
 Wex, y'=C ij 
 
 Dates, y\ bale ij 
 
 Saunders and Brafile, y'= C iij 
 
 Argent VyfF, y^ bolyon iiij 
 
 Vermelion, y*^ lof iiij 
 
 Verdegres, y" C iiij 
 
 Salt Peter, y« C ij 
 
 Brymfton, y' C i 
 
 Reed Copper, y*^ C i 
 
 Grey Copper, y"= C i 
 
 Flex, y-' C ii 
 
 And al maner other merchandifes y' comyth to y" 
 beem and is not comprehendid in this wrytynge, 
 
 to paye for the bales of ev'ry xxlb i 
 
 Signed by the members in the manner following, viz. 
 
 I, Rich. Lee, am content. 
 I, Will. Marowe, am content. 
 I, Will. Taylor, am content. 
 &c^ &c". 
 
APPENDIX. 423 
 
 No. XI. 
 A Fyne of Richard Haale and Thomas Hooe. 1456. 
 
 M'"- That the xxij day of March, An" Ivj, was Richard Haale 
 and Thomas Hooe befoore the Wardeynes of y"= felefliepe af- 
 focied, and there examined for offences doon in enhaunfynge 
 and willynge to putte Edmunde Tervyle owt of his howfe. 
 And the fayd Richard and Thomas ther opynly confefled them- 
 felfes and weren founden defedlyf, for which ofFens, don con- 
 trarye the good old ordenaunce wretyn ; the Wardeyns and the 
 felefliepe aflbcied, have fully concluded that the fayd Richard 
 and Thomas fliall brynge in x£ fterlynges, accordynge to y'^ 
 fayd ordenance. At which fyne-makynge was pfente my 
 mayftre John Walden, Alderman Rob' Carftange and Edward 
 Warmyngton, Wardeynes, John Maldon, John Blaunch, 
 Henre Haale, Willam Edwards, George Erland, and John 
 Alyn. And the v'= daye of Apryll next followynge was fully 
 concluded by the Wardeynes and the felefliepe aflbcied, that 
 Edmund Tervyle fliulde have delyvered to hym by the fayd 
 Wardeynes v£ fl:erlynges of the fayd x^, and the Wardeynes 
 to kepe the othyr v^fi fterlynges accordynge to ther olde orde- 
 nance v£ 
 
 The ordinance, in virtue of which the above fine was levied, is as 
 
 follows : — 
 
 "^w ordenance y' no man put other owt of his howfe. 
 
 " Alfoe it is ordened by the comon aflTente of this fraternite y' no 
 man of the fraternite take his neyghbor's howfe y' is of the fame 
 fraternite, or enhawnce the rent agenft the wille of the forfeid 
 neyghbor. Who that is fownde in the defawte fliall paye att the 
 tyme x£, y' is to weten, v£ to the fraternite, and w£ to hym y' is 
 thus put owte of his howfe." 
 
 J Fyne of John Ayjhfelde. 
 
 " M"". That John Ayflifelde hath putt hym to rewle for offens don 
 in makynge of untrewe powder gynger, cynamon, and faunders, for 
 whiche offens doon, the Wardeynes and the felifliip aflbcied be fully 
 accorded that he flialle maak a fyne of \]s. and viij^.; and in cafe fo 
 be y*' he be fownde in fuche another trefpaflb that then he to be 
 
424 APPENDIX. 
 
 rewled by the avyfe of the Wardeynes and the felifliipe aflbcied ; 
 what they wil do ther in hye & lowe." 
 
 J Fyne of John Freynche. 1456. 
 
 " M'". Y' the xxj day of Juin, anno Ivj, hath John Freynch putt 
 him to rewie for ofFens doon in rydynge in to countre with wares 
 unfolde; for which ofFens doon, y« Wardeynes and the felifliipe af- 
 focied have fully concluded y' he Ihall paye iijj. iiij^." 
 
 No. XII. 
 Plate belonging to the Company. 
 
 Lift of the Company's plate, at various periods, to which are added 
 the names of the donors of a portion of it. It will give the reader an 
 idea of the fplendour with which the Company were enabled to give 
 their entertainments at the early periods fpecified : — 
 
 1465. ii Galon Pottis chafed and \\z\i gY\tfw\nche Thomas Hawkins, 
 
 Grocer, gafF unto this fraternite, the whiche weyen xvj 
 marke & iiij ounces of Troye weyghte. 
 
 ii Bafens and ij ewers of fylver parcell gylte with foldis in the 
 pryntis, and the bafens weyinge viij lbs. of Troye weyghte 
 faf half an ownce ; and the ewers weyinge xlij ownces, 
 whiche Nicholas Wyfold, Grocer & Alderman, gaff unto 
 this frat'nite. 
 
 A Stondynge Cuppe, cover of fylver, pcell gilte, weyinge of 
 Troye weyghte xliiij ownces and iii qrt'. of an ownce, whiche 
 Robert Garjiange, Grocer, gaff unto this fraternite. 
 
 A Stondynge Cuppe, cover of fylver and alle gilte, powlifed, 
 weyinge of Troye weyghte xxxj ownces and a half, whiche 
 Margeri Burton, late wedow and a fufter of this felifliip gaff 
 unto this fraternite. 
 
 A ftondynge cuppe, cover of fylver, chafed and alle gylte, 
 weyinge xvj ownces and a half & half a qrt^ ownce of 
 Troye weyghte, whiche Thomas Spycer, Grocer, gaff unto 
 this fraternite. 
 
 1466. A Stondynge Cuppe of fylver, with a cover, v/eighing 24 
 
 ownces Troye, given by Thomas Swetenham, Grocer. 
 " yhu he mercy full to his fowle." 
 lifoj. Of the gifte oijohn Godyn, Grocer. 
 
 '■'■Jhu have mercye on his fowled 
 
APPENDIX. 425 
 
 A Stondynge Cuppe, cover offylver and alle gylte, with rofes 
 
 and fonnes (funs) weyinge xxxj ownces. 
 Of the gifte oi Sir John Howard, Knight. A Stondynge Cuppe 
 and cover of fylver and alle gylte, weying xvj ownces & half 
 troye weyghte. 
 
 " God fend him long life isf wellfare." 
 H93- The gifte of Thomas Hoo, Grocer. Two nutts gamyfhed with 
 fylver gylte. 
 
 1506. A Standynge Cupp and Cover alle gylt, powdered with oken 
 
 leavis, w\ 44 ownces, given by JVilliam Lawrence. 
 Six Gobelettes, parcell gylte, with a cover, weying 116 
 ownces, given by Angell Dunn. 
 
 1507. A gift of .£10, by Thomas Steyd, fon of Alderman Steyd, to- 
 
 wards " makynge of a falte offylver weying 9 ownces." 
 1523. A memorandum occurs this year, of ^^162 . 15.4. received for 
 plate pledged to Alderman Lambardy which in 1530 is re- 
 deemed for .£279 .14.8. 
 There are many other entries of plate in the books, but what pre- 
 cedes is confidered fufficient to fliew the mode in which the regifter 
 was kept. 
 
 When any member of the Grocers' Company was elefted to fill 
 the oflSces of Sheriff or Lord Mayor, he ufually made application on 
 occafions of feftivals, for the loan of the Company's plate. This con- 
 tinued to be granted for many years, on fecurity being given to the 
 Wardens for the value of the plate. The following is an example, in- 
 ferted in the books in November 1569 : — " Agreede, on the entreatie 
 " of Mr. Box, a member of this Companie, elected SheryfFe, to have 
 " a loane of fome of the Companie's Plate for publique daies ; that 
 " is, 3 bafins, 8 ewers, and 3 faltes and their covers ; alfoe two dozen 
 " of filver fpoones to be lent, befides certaine naperie." 
 
 No. XIII. 
 
 Wardens' Accounts refpe£iing Matters of Triumph. — Anno 161 7. 
 
 This is the accompte and rekonyng of John Granadge, 
 Ralph Kinge, George Walham, and Henry Brooke, Wardens of the 
 bachelors of the right worlhipfdl Company of Grocers oftheCityof 
 London, appoynted by a Court of Afliftants of the fayd Company, the 
 firft day of Oftober, Anno Dom\ 16 17. Of all their receipts and 
 payments, charge and difcharge, concernyng matters of Triumphe 
 
 31 
 
426 APPENDIX. 
 
 pformed by the fayd Company in the honor of the right honourable Mr. 
 George BoUes, Alderman, a moft honourable and worthy member of 
 the fayd Company, Lord Maior of the fayd City, from the fayd firft 
 day of Oftober i6i 7, Annoque Regis Jacobi Anglia quintodecimo, untill 
 this prefent fifth day of May 16 18, Annoque R'. Jacobi Angl. 16". 
 The pticulers whereof enfue, viz'. 
 
 The receipts from the Livery are noted, with the names of the con- 
 tributors, at length ; but, as fuch details would occupy more fpace than 
 is neceflary, it is thought fufficient to give the amounts received from 
 the different clafles of members. 
 
 Sofiie of all the receipts of the Bachelers* in foynes is 
 
 ajl'efo'-e ^393 
 
 Some of all the receipts of the Bachelers in budge is 
 
 as before . . . ; 162 4 
 
 Soine of all the receipts of the fpeciall Contributors is 
 
 as before 258 2 8 
 
 Soine of all the receipts of the generall Contributors is 
 
 as before 7162 
 
 Soe the whole forne of all the fayd receipts, wherewith 
 
 the fayd Wardens doe charge themfelves, is . . . ;^884 12 10 
 
 Eight hundred and fower fcore and 
 fower poundes, twelve fhillings, 
 and ten pence. 
 
 The Discharge of the fayd Wardens of all the receipts aforefayd, 
 
 as foUoweth, viz. 
 
 Moneys payde for the poore men's gownes, coates, cappes, 
 
 fleeves, &c. 
 
 i ^- d- 
 Payde for 28 azure coulouredcloathes for the poore men's 
 
 gownes, to dyvers old workes, &c 159 4 6 
 
 * In 1562, during the mayoralty of Sir Thomas Lodge, the following order, 
 relating to the drel's of the bacheloi-s, was iflued by the Court of Affiftants. " Or- 
 dered, that the 70 bachilors, nor any of them, (hall weare anye kind of furs in 
 their gownes, but onlye foynes and budge, and not to have any guards of velvet 
 in their gownes, but onlye welts, nor ufe anye unreafonable ruffs in their (hirts, 
 but onlye black and white j their doubletts to be of black fatten, and they with 
 coats or jacketts of fatten or dama&e, and of no other colour ; and the Wardeyns 
 to weare ruflet fatten in their doubletts. The Wardeyns of the Grocers, and 
 the Wardeyns of the Bachillors to ceffe both the livery of^the bachillors, and all the 
 Companie of the yeomanry for the furniture of the poor men's gownes, the pageant 
 the firft, and other great charges that muft be done when my Lord Mayor eleft 
 ftiall go to Weftminfter, as to them (hall be thought meet." Foymt, from the 
 French word " fouine" a martin. 
 
APPENDIX. 427 
 
 Brought forward ... .^^ 159 4 6 
 
 Payde to dyvers taylors for making of 124 gownes, after 
 xiW. a peece 640 
 
 Befides which parcell of gownes there was given in cloth 
 to the clerk, the 2 beadles, the clerk's man, and the 
 2 faunderbeaters, 3 yards & 4. a peece. 
 
 Payde to Roger Clarke, Mercer, for 20 peeces of crim- 
 fon mochados* to make fleeves for the poore men, and 
 to fece the beadle' sftreamer and banner-bearers' coates 10 o o 
 
 Payde to dyvers taylors for making of 38 blew coates, viz. 
 26 for the beadles of the 4 hofpitalls, and for the ban- 
 ner and ftreamer bearers, at 1^. a peece .... 244 
 
 Payde to dyvers taylors for making of I24paire of fleeves, 
 at 2d. a peece 108 
 
 Payde to Thomas Hinkman, Capper, for 10 dozen of 
 round cappes, and 5 dozen and 3 long cappes, at 24?. 
 the doz 18 3 o 
 
 Payde to certeyn beadles, befides long cappes and rib- 
 bons, for their dynners & attendance in this fervyce 
 done; 12^. a peece, viz. 4 of every hofpitall ... o 16 
 
 Payde to 16 poore men, for their fervyce in carrymge of 
 the ftreamers, banners, & other thinges, in refpeft 
 they had noe coates 400 
 
 Payde to 10 others of the fayde banner and ftreamer 
 bearers which had coates, for their dynners, i2d. a 
 peece 10 
 
 Payde and given to a poore man 040 
 
 Payde and given to Thomas Hunt, porter, being hurt in 
 the fervyce 050 
 
 Payde to Mr. Harman, keeper of the Guildhall, for the 
 charge of Mercer's hangings, as followeth, viz. for 
 Mr. Dolby, his fee, 5^ . for carrying them to and from 
 the Guildhall, 2y.for timber, hooks, hanging them upp 
 and taking them downe againe, 5^. total is as p^ bill o 12 
 
 I'^OT, 3 6 
 
 * Mochado was a manufaarure of filk, in great vogue at this period, as appears 
 by the following lift of ftufFs quoted by a contemporary poet :— 
 «' Alas ! what would our filk mercers be ? 
 "What would they do, fweet hempfeed, but for thee ? 
 Rafti, taffeta, paropa, and povato, 
 Shagge, filizetta, damaflce, and mochado" 
 
 Taylor"! " Praife of Hempfeed," annexed in a Note to Beaumont 
 and Fletcher's Comedy of" Wit at fe'veral Weapons." 
 
428 APPENDIX. 
 
 £ s. d. 
 
 Payde and given in benevolence to certain poore men 
 
 which had not gownes ^^lo 5 
 
 Their names are enumerated, and the fum given to each detailed. 
 
 Whiffelers ftaves, and others. 
 
 Payde to John Edwardes, for 24 dozen of white ftaves 
 for the WhifFelers, the Marfhalls and their men, the 
 porters which carryed the pageant, and for the Wey- 
 mafter and his porters, which attended at the Guild- 
 hall 4 17 8 
 
 More to him for the hire of 124 javelins i 13 4 
 
 More for two new banner ftaves 080 
 
 More payde for the new guylding of the auncyent head, 
 and for coulloring the ftafFe 070 
 
 £l 6 
 Torches and Linkes. 
 
 Payde to William UfEngton for 49 dozen of large ftafFe 
 
 torches at 15^. per dozen 36 15 
 
 More to him for 10 dozen and 4- of fmall torches at 95. 
 per dozen, and for 5 dozen and f of linkes at 2s. bd. per 
 dozen, for to light the pageant and other fhewes from 
 Leaden-hall over night to Carter Lane and other 
 places appointed — in toto 583 
 
 ;^42 3 3 
 The Foiste and other Fire Works. 
 
 Payde to John Kellock for the whole charge of the foifte 
 and a galley, and for his fervyce with men, fliott, pow- 
 der, caflbcks, collours and all other neceflaries for 
 them, the fotne of 32 10 
 
 Payde and given in benevolence to the fierman or greene- 
 man over and about his agreement, the foine of . . 11 
 
 ;^33 I 
 
 The Peales. 
 
 Payde to Robert Bevis Connor, for the charge of fix 
 fcore chambers, twice fliot of, the foine of ...^3100 
 
APPENDIX. 429 
 
 Trumpetors. 
 
 d. 
 
 Payde to John Smyth, John Fowkes, Anthony Denham 
 and others his Ma"" Trumpetors for all demands, for 
 32 trumpetors, with a boy to found in the fliipp, which 
 were prefent in the fhewe according to the accuf- 
 tomed manner, the full fome of 26 o o 
 
 Payde to the Sargeant Trumpetor for his fee . . . . on o 
 
 £2b II 
 
 Waightes of the City. 
 
 Payde to the waightes of the city for their fervyce all the 
 
 fyve dayes, the foine of 2134 
 
 More to the Churchwardens of St. Peter's in Cheape, 
 for the ufe of the place where the fayde waightes ftand 
 to play all the fayd time, as by their acquyttance ap- 
 peareth 034 
 
 £2 16 8 
 
 Drumers, Pfiffes, Auncyents and Florijhers. 
 
 Payde to Robert Crought and others, for the fervyce of 
 8 drumes and 4 pfifes, they furnyfliing themfelves with 
 blacke hatts, white doubletts, blacke hofe and white 
 ftockings and with fcarfes according to the culler of 
 the Compy, with xij^. given to a little boy which 
 played on the drum in the fliip, the fome of . . . 12 11 o 
 
 More payde to fower Auncyent bearers, they furnyfliing 
 
 themfelves w* all things neceflary 400 
 
 Payde to John Bradfliawe for himfelf and 18 fellow 
 florifliers with long fwordes for their fervyce ... 700 
 
 ;^23 II o 
 
43° APPENDIX. 
 
 CHARGE OF THE PAGEANT, 
 
 Charyott, Hand, Cajlle, Shipp, with all the feveral Beajis 
 which drew them: — 
 
 £ s. d. 
 Payde to Thomas Middleton, gent, for the ordering, 
 
 over feeing and writyng of the whole devyfe, for the 
 making of the Pageant of Nations, the Hand, the In- 
 dian Chariot, the Caftle of Fame, tryming the Shipp, 
 with all the feveral beaftes which drew them, and for 
 all the carpenter's work, paynting, guylding and gar- 
 nyfliing of them, with all other things neceflary for 
 the apparelling and finding of all the perfonages in the 
 fayd fhewes, and for all the portage and carryage, both 
 by land and by water, for the lighters for the fhew by 
 water, for paynting of a banner of the Lord Mayor's 
 armes, and alfo in full for the greenmen, dyvells and 
 fyer works with all thinges thereunto belonging ac- 
 cording to his agreement, the foine of .... 282 
 
 Payde to Nicholas Oaks, ftationer, for the printyng of 
 
 500 bookes, the foiSe of 400 
 
 Payde to George Newball, Keeper of Blakwell hall, for 
 
 the ufe of his houfe for the children 20b 
 
 Payde to the porters of Blakwell hall in benevolence, for 
 looking to the pageant & other fliewes whileft the 
 children were at dynner oioo 
 
 Payde for 50 fugar loaves, 361b. of nuttmeggs, 241b. of 
 dates, and 1141b. of ginger, which were throwen about 
 the ftreetes by thofe which fate on the grifFyns and 
 camells 57^ 
 
 Payde for goyng by water at feveral tymes to fee the 
 
 worke made ready, the foine of . '....■.. 026 
 
 Payde and given to Mr. Roger Walrond, marlhall of 
 this city, in gratuity in refpeft of his fervyce and at- 
 tendance with his men on the day, the fome of . . 400 
 
 Payde to George Bell for himfelfand 20 others, for the 
 ufhering, marfhalling and making way for the whole 
 Company on the day, they furnyfliing themfelves with 
 all thinges neceflary, the foiiie of 5 
 
 Carried forward . . £'iP'}, 2 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 431 
 
 £ s. d. 
 Brought forward . . 303 o 2 
 Payde for taking upp of the fpurres at Paule's and for 
 
 fetting them againe and for paving and gravell . . 10 O 
 Payde for hire of a barge when the Company went with 
 
 Mr. Sheriff Johnfon to Weftminfter to take his oath* i 10 O 
 Payde to dyvers porters for carrying of things from the 
 hall and from Grefliam houfe to Leaden hall, the 
 fomeof o i6 o 
 
 ;£"305 16 2 
 
 o 
 
 Mercery Wares yir Banners and other things. 
 
 Payde for 7 yardes of crimfon damafke 6 12 
 
 More for 20 ells of taffata farcenett, at 8y. per ell . . 800 
 
 More for 16 ells of taffeta for fcarves 114 
 
 Payde to Thomas Abbott, for 59 dozen of crimfon & 
 
 white ribbon of all fortes 10 16 11 
 
 Payde to Thomas Hawkins, Beadle, for candles and for 
 
 bringing in of the pageants after the fhewe to the 
 
 hall, as per bill 0129 
 
 Payde for carrying away the rubbifh at Leadenhall and 
 
 taking downe the partitions there o 1 1 o 
 
 Payde to Mr. Towne dark, for the coppy of an order, 
 
 and to certen workmen for fetting up the beafts in 
 
 the pageant-chamber over the entry in the hall . . o 1 1 O 
 Payde to the city carpenter, for puUyng downe dyvers 
 
 flgnes and fetting them upp againe i 14 6 
 
 Payde and given in gratuity to 8 porters which carryed 
 
 the pageants i 10 o 
 
 Payde for the carryageof two greate ladders from Puddle 
 
 wharfe to Grocers' Hall 020 
 
 Carried forward . . £"^1 11 6 
 
 .* The Company hired barges for ftate occafions until the year 1637. On the 
 9th Oflober of that year it was thought to be beneath the Company's dignity to 
 appear in a barge which was not their own, and accordingly the Wardens and 
 fome of the Affiftants were empowered " to contrafle and agree with fuch perfon 
 " as they fiiould think meete, to ereft, edify and build a faire and large barge for 
 " the ufe of this Company ; and that they (hould take care for the provifion of a 
 " houfe and place for the fafe keeping of the faid barge." 
 
432 APPENDIX. 
 
 £ s. d. 
 
 Brought forward . . 31 ii 6 
 Payde to feveral watermen for carrying of the whiffelers 
 and divers of the Afliftants and Liverye men, to and 
 from Weftminfter , 
 
 o 13 
 
 AuNCYENTS, Banners, Streamers, and Shields. 
 
 
 
 
 
 Payde to Jacob Challoner, painter, for a greate fquare 
 banner of the Prince's armes within the fonne beames 
 
 of gould, the foihe of 7 
 
 More to him for mendyng of the Company's banner . 050 
 More to him for the newe paynting and guylding of 
 
 10 trumpet banners at 4^. a peece 200 
 
 More for paynting and guylding 2 fmaller banners . . 060 
 More for mendyng of 24 trumpett banners .... 14 
 More for paynting and guylding of 2 long pennons of 
 
 the Lord Maiors arms on callicoe 2134 
 
 More for paynting and guylding of 8 other pennons on 
 callicoe with the armes of the City, Company, Eng- 
 land, and Scotland 800 
 
 Payde for 4 peeces of redd and blewe callicoe to make 
 
 the fayde pennons 146 
 
 Payde for the paynting and guylding of three pavyfes 
 
 coUoured in oyle at lOs. a peece i 10 
 
 More for paynting in oyle and guylding of 30 fliields . 3 15 
 Payde for three pavyfes of waynfcott at 3^. a peece and 
 
 12 fliields at 15^. a peece 140 
 
 Payde for paynting 17 great flaves, 12 fmall ftaves in 
 
 oyle, and four hatchments 4 14 6 
 
 Payde to the fayde Jacob Challoner and 2 others for the 
 ordering, inftalling, and fetting forth of the banners, 
 ftreamers, and other filk workes and for looking to 
 
 them and for their paynes all that day 
 
 Payde to the uphollter for making of great fquare bands 
 
 Payde for mendyng an auncyent which was broken in 
 
 the fervyce 
 
 
 
 
 
 13 
 18 
 
 4 
 8 
 
 
 
 3 
 
 
 
 £67 
 
 15 
 
 10 
 
APPENDIX. 433 
 
 The Bachelers their Breakfaji at the Shipp behind Old Fijh Street, 
 together with the Whiffelers and Yard Men. 
 
 £ s. d. 
 Payde to Mr. Abell, vintener, for all manner of charges 
 
 of the fayde breakfaft, the fome of £21 i a 
 
 The Charge of a Supper andcerten other Dynners made at the Hall 
 
 and elfewhere. 
 
 £ s. d. 
 
 Payde for all manner of charges of a fupper made in the 
 hall the 27"" day of November, both for Mr. Wardens 
 and other comyttees, and alfoe for the whole livery of 
 Bachelers over and above his Lordfhipps allowance 
 of ^20, being 14 meffes of meate, the foine of . . 39 9 3 
 
 Payde for dyvers dynners and potations made and had, 
 both for Mr. Wardens and other comyttees, as well 
 in the hall as elfewhere during the tyme of their fytting 
 about the fayde bufynefles, the foine of 25 16 o 
 
 £^5 5 3 
 
 Benevolences and Rewards to Officers and others which took paines 
 about the fayde bufyneffe^ with other particuler charges as follow eth. 
 
 £ s. d. 
 
 Payde and given in benevolence to Anthony Monday, 
 gent", for his paynes in drawing a projedl; for this 
 bufyneffe which was offered to the Comyttee . . 500 
 
 Payde and given to Mr. Deckar for the like .... 400 
 
 .^900 
 
 Payde to John Thompkins, beadle of the Bachelers to- 
 wards his Livery gowne and for his fervyce and extra- 
 ordinary paynes taken in this behalf 7 7 
 
 More for a crimfon damafke hood for the fayd beadle . 130 
 Payde to John Bunbury, Clarke of the Company, for 
 his fervyce and attendance during all the tyme of this 
 bufyneffe 3^8 
 
 Carried forward . . £i\ lb 8 
 '1 K 
 
 o 
 
434 APPENDIX. 
 
 £ s. d. 
 
 Brought forward . . ii i6 8 
 
 Payde to Thomas Hawkins the Company's beadle for 
 
 his fervyce and attendance in like manner . . • 200 
 
 Payde to William Atkins the Lord Maior's officer, for 
 paynes by him taken about fuch brothers of this Com- 
 pany as were difobedyent and refufed to pay as they 
 were aflefled 400 
 
 Payde to the clarke's man in benevolence for his fer- 
 vyce and paynes in managing of the poore men and 
 otherwyfe 2 10 
 
 Payde to John Bunburie for the ordering and wryting of 
 
 this accompt 200 
 
 Payde the faunder beaters for their paynes, and for wax i 3 4 
 
 Payde to the Gierke's mayde and beadle's daughter in 
 
 benevolence and for their paines 10s, a peece . . 100 
 
 Payde and given in benevolence to certen officers of the 
 Lord Maiors houfe, in regard his Lordfliipp tooke noe 
 money of the Bachelers, the foine of 
 
 Payde the like to Mr. Sheriff Johnfon his officers . . 
 
 Payde alfoe and allowed for fommes lofl: by light and 
 cracked gold, the fome of 
 
 2 
 
 
 
 10 
 
 
 
 15 
 
 6 
 
 £2] 15 
 
 6 
 
 The Reporte of the Audytors made and allowed the ^th day of 
 May 1618. 
 
 £ X. d. 
 Somme of all the whole receipts before pticulerly men- 
 tioned and expreffed in the charge of this accompte 884 12 10 
 Somme of all the payments before pticulerly mentioned 
 
 and expreffed in the difcharge of this accompte . . 882 18 11 
 
 Soe refl:eth clier for the neate foote of this accompt in 
 readymoneyremayningnowe in thehandsof the War- 
 dens of the Bachelers, as appeareth, the fome of . I 13 II 
 
 Jacob Pennyngton,^ 
 Henry Handsard, \ j j ^ 
 John Claton, ( 
 
 George Smyth, J 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 435 
 
 No. XIV. 
 
 HOSANNA; or, a Song of Thankfgiving fung by the Children of Zion ; and 
 let forth in three notable Speeches, at Grocers' Hall, on the late Solemn day of 
 Thankfgiving Thurfday, June 7, 164.9. The firft was fpoken by Alderman 
 Atkins. The fecond by Alderman Ifaac Pennington. The third by Hueh Peters 
 (no Alderman but) Clericus in Cuerpo. 
 
 Rifum teneatis Amici. 
 
 Alderman Atkins, his Speech before Dinner to the Speaker, 
 the General, Lieutenant-General, and Lord Preftdent 
 Bradshaw, at Grocers' Hall, Thurfday^ June 7. 
 
 Mr. Speaker, 
 " Oh, this is a blefled day, Mr. Speaker, and marvellous in our 
 eyes, to fee you become our Supreme Head and Governor, now that 
 w^e have cut ofF the King's head : and, as I take it, it is one main 
 reafon of this heavenly thankfgiving to my Lord Lieutenant-General 
 and Mr. General's Excellency, for their great pains in the bufmefs: 
 verily, Mr. Speaker, I cannot choofe but weep for joy to think on't ; 
 and yet I cannot tell you for what, though I fliall tell you by and by. 
 — In the meantime — (prythee, Mr. Steward, fet afide a couple of 
 cuftards and a tart for my wife.) — In the meantime, I fay, I fee no rea- 
 fon but why I may cry as well as haul. I fay. Sir, I can haul as well as 
 my Lord of Pembroke here, or any man elfe ; my mouth was made 
 for hauling ; and I think you all know it well enough in the houfe upon 
 occafion. For you may remember, Mr. Speaker, how I bauld at the 
 apprentices, two years fince, when the Houfe of Commons had like 
 to have gone to wrack like a b — y houfe. I am fure, Mr. Speaker, 
 then, for you looked as white as the driven cuftard, and had neither 
 tongue, nor eyes, nor ears, nor nofe, nor brains, nor any thing elfe, 
 but were in the fame pickle as when the King came to demand the 
 five members. I wonder he did not fmell me out too for a traytor ; for 
 I had my breeches full on't then, as I had half a year before in Finf- 
 bury, at the general mufter of the New Militia,^ at which time, I fay, 
 Sir, I was one of the City Colonels, and came off cleanly, though I 
 fay it ; for, being wounded in the belly, I retreated home ; and, having 
 
 • Some fcandalous tale of this kind was probably circulated refpefting this 
 Alderman, which occafioned the filthy nickname given to him in a very fcarce 
 traft, in the Guildhall Library, of which the following is the title: — "Reverend 
 Alderman Atkins (The S — t B — h), his fpeech, to Mr. Warner, the venerable 
 Mayor of London, the wife Aldermen, and moft judicious Common Councilmen, 
 in relation to prefent affairs," &c. 410. London, 1648. 
 
436 APPENDIX. 
 
 alked counfelofa furgeon, the malignant knave would not undertake 
 me ; and fo the ftate might have loft a fervant for want of plaifter, but 
 that my kitchen wench made a fhift to cure me with a difti-clout. 
 
 " But having fcap'd this fcouring, Mr. Speaker, and liv'd to fee this 
 glorious day, now let us fing the Song of Old Simeon, and depart in 
 peace ; but firft, let's have our bellies full. O, Death, I defy thee, 
 for here's a good dinner coming in, twelve bucks out of Eltham-park, 
 befides thofe of the City ; not a Prefbyterian bit, I promife you ; 
 therefore, fit down, gentlemen, and eat luftily ; I promife you it's well 
 feafon'd, I'll pafs my word for the cooks ; for I was one of the com- 
 mittee that examined them, every man to their oaths, to forfwear ratf- 
 bane, mercury, and monarchy. ^ Befides, here's my Lord Prefident 
 hath brought a dozen tajiers along with him : I hope he will lend us 
 fome of them. And now, Mr. Speaker, you are welcome ; in the 
 name of my brethren reprefentatives of the City, I bid you heartily 
 welcome ; you may eat, drink, and be merry, for you have laid up 
 goods for many years ; and now you are laying up the king's goods ; 
 more facks to the mill ftill. Sit down, Mr. Speaker, you are a good 
 old Speaker ; you are the reprefentative of the Supreme authority. It 
 was the pope's firft, next it was the king's, .and now it is yours, thank 
 the army ! How daintily things are come about, Mr. Speaker, as 
 well as you and I ! For as I take it, you and I, and many more here 
 have been at all thankfgivings thefe feven years. We have waited 
 upon his old Excellency Eflex, and the Admiral Warwick, and fung 
 pfalms with the aflembly men here over and over. And now thofe 
 black birds are all flown, and out of tune ; here's not a man of them 
 but Thomas Goodwin, and he is every jot as honeft a man as his 
 name fake John : for neither of them cares much for faying grace. 
 Therefore, fit down, Mr. Speaker ; we have his new Excellency here 
 now, and General Cromwell's honour, that cares as little as they. 
 Indeed, you muft fit down firft, and my Lord Mayor next ; for the 
 Army I'm fure made us vote it fo ; and that the City fword fliould be 
 yielded up to you to make a thankfgiving trencher-knife : and fo you 
 were as good a man as the king, and a better than my Lord Mayor ; 
 and fo you might have been ftill, had you not given him his fword 
 again ; for you lofe your place in yielding up the fword, and leave the 
 fupreme authority in my Lord Mayor and the army. Howfoever, fit 
 ftill. Sir, — I hope the General will not oppofe the votes of the Houfe, 
 now that it is the army's own Houfe, but let them pafs, an't be but 
 for fafhion's fake ; and, therefore, Mr. Speaker, for fafliion's fake, you 
 may fit uppermoft ; and next to you, my Lord Mayor. 
 
 ' Every cook was fworn. 
 
APPENDIX. 437 
 
 " I think too, for fafhion's fake, my Lord General, your Excellency 
 may fit down next. I would be loth to difpleafe Mr. Lieutenant-Ge- 
 neral's honour ; I hope he will not be angry at your Excellency, nor 
 me ; I could wifh you had voted all your places before you came here j 
 but your Excellency may fit, I fuppofe, for Mr. Lieutenant-General 
 looks as if he gave you leave ; on my confclence that's a meek humble 
 foul, and will take fome other time to fet you befide the faddle. 
 
 " And for you, my Lord Prefident, I fhould have placed you up- 
 permoft, for I know none fo fit to have reprefented the fupreme 
 authority as you that commanded the cutting off that head of it : O, 
 how this fcarlet gown becomes your honour ! It fuits exceedingly 
 well with mine and my Lord Mayor's; for you fentenced the old 
 king as a traytor, and we have proclaimed the young king to be no 
 king, and a traitor when we catch him. It was a dangerous piece of 
 work, indeed; and I was afraid, as you are, of following Dr. Doriflaus ; 
 the people did fo threaten, as if they would have torn us for the very 
 rags of authority, and cried up Charles the Second louder than we 
 could cry him down. I think the reft of my brethren carried it a 
 little better than myfelf ; for my guts began to crow after their old 
 • tune, and wrought like bottle-beer, infomuch that I wiflied for 
 Colonel Pride to fl:op the bunghole, till the troopers relieved us. 
 
 " But now, my good Lord Prefident, let's comfort one another ; 
 and though you deferve to be uppermoft, yet fit down, and be content 
 with your place. For faftiion's fake, Mr. Lieutenant-General's honour 
 is content to let it be fo, till he finds it convenient to turn you off, as 
 well as his Excellency. Pray take it not ill that I whifper this in your 
 ear ; for, now that he hath made you ferve his ends, he cares not fo he 
 were rid of you, fince you may ferve them all as you did the king, in a 
 new High Court of Juftice, becaufe you are pleafed to let it be fo. 
 
 " The next place, Mr. Lieutenant-Genera!, muft needs be yours. 
 By his Excellency's leave, you are the faviour of the three kingdorm. 
 You are he that hath filled our hearts this day with thankfgiving and 
 gladnefs. You trained the king into a fnare at Carifbroke Caftle, and 
 fooled and routed all his party. You fet up a High Court to cut him 
 off, and you lie at catch for \<\%fon. You have made us a common- 
 wealth, that is (as malignants fay), you have given us power to put a 
 finger into every man's purfe and pocket. You have made the people 
 the fupreme authority, and left them no laws. And well done, Sir ! 
 for what fhould we do with any law but the fword ? or what law like 
 liberty of confcience and power met together ? You it is that led 
 his Excellency by the nofe like a bear, and at laft will bring him to 
 the ftake. You have new moulded the city. You are the joy of 
 our hearts, the light of our eyes, and the breath of our noftrils, though 
 
438 APPENDIX. 
 
 cavaliers call you the cut-throat of our lives and liberties ; for all 
 which we fet this day apart to give thanks to God, and a dinner to 
 you, and fomewhat elfe into the bargain, as you fhall fee after dinner. 
 In the meantime fall to ; a fhort life and a merry (may it pleafeyour 
 honour), a fhort life and a merry ; and fo give me leave to conclude 
 heartily with part of the Lord's Prayer (though I do not ufe it), 
 ' thy kingdom come ;' or, as the thief did upon the crofs, ' Remember 
 me when thou comeft into thy kingdom ;' and I promife you faith- 
 fully I will never b— e the palace." 
 
 "Alderman Isaac Pennington's Speech at the prefenting of the 
 Golden Bafon and Ewer unto the General, with Plate of ^300 
 value, and .£200 in Gold to the Lieutenant-General. 
 
 " Give ear, O heavens ! and regard, O earth ! May it pleafe your 
 Excellency to open your mouth wide, and I fhall fill it. I, Ifaac 
 Pennington, Alderman of London, confefs myfelf altogether unable 
 to fpeak the praifes due unto yourfelf, Mr. Lieutenant-General, and 
 all the faithful officers and foldiers of your army. Yet why fhould 
 I hold my peace ? I will fpeak, though I cannot fpeak : and though 
 I cannot fpeak, I will not keep filence. Some have been fo bold as 
 to brand me for a crack' t veffel,-^^t\ have been meet for my mafter's 
 ufe ; and they fhall find me as founding brafs, or as a tinkling cymbal. 
 Mofes was a man flow of fpeech, yet he was a great leader ; and fo 
 have I been, and fo is your Excellency. But as for Mr. Lieutenant- 
 General, though he be fuch a one too, yet he hath the tongues of 
 men and angels fo much at his devotion, that the very noife of them 
 drowns the fame of your Excellency, and fwallows up your fenfes. 
 
 *' For my part, I blefs God exceedingly for you both, for all your 
 labour of love in gunpowder and gofpel, and carrying on that glorious 
 work of reformation, which, though it began in defperation, yet you 
 have brought it into perfection. Henceforth, therefore, all genera- 
 tions fhall call you bleffed, and me no madman, though I have been 
 as mad as any of you all ; and yet I think I am fit enough to deliver 
 the fenfe of the city, who by me returns you thanks for the great 
 pains you have taken in purging the malignant Prefbyterians out of 
 the Common Council as well as the Houfe, by which means you 
 made fhift to new-model the city, as you did the army, turning out 
 all that were not of your own temper ; fo that we are all now of one 
 foul and one mind, and lay all things in common for the ufe of the 
 flate, but what is our own. 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 439 
 
 " Add to thefe things your borrowing money of the city and never 
 repaying it again ; your breaking all their privileges and putting daily 
 affronts upon them ; your impreffing, firing, affefling, taxing, excifing, 
 free quartering, and fleecing all their fellovi's ; your conquering them 
 by treachery, and riding through their ftreets in triumph ; your over- 
 awing them by the military power, and deftroying their trade by land, 
 and traflSc by fea ; for all which inexpreflible favours, with the extir- 
 pation of Prefbytery, and the fupprefling of the Levellers, they con- 
 ceive themfelves bound to return an acknowledgment, and rejoice in 
 the opportunity of dedicating this day of thankfgiving unto you and 
 your bellies. 
 
 " But, fince man lives not by bread only, by killing of kings and 
 loyal fubjeiSls, and feizing on their goods and eftates, and turning 
 them into money ; fince gold is the only goddefs of this Reformation, 
 and the Saints cannot eftablifh their kingdom without it ; fince your 
 Excellency and your Lieutenant-General guardian have vouchfafed 
 us this favour of a vifit, which you denied to the Prefbyters, we here 
 prefent your Excellency with the fame golden baftn and ewer which 
 you refufed from their hands. It coft them one thoufand pound ; 
 and, becaufe it was of their providing, we can the more freely beftow 
 it upon you. I have been an old thankfgiving finner, as well as Mr. 
 Speaker, or any of them all, in the days of old Effex, who, I am 
 fure, never received fuch a prefent for all his pains, but was content 
 to be fobbed off with a clofe-flool and a pipe of tobacco ; which was 
 the reafon, I conceive, why my brother Atkins here, in thofe days, 
 kept fo clofe to him after dinner. 
 
 " And as for you, Mr. Lieutenant-General, though your merits 
 outweigh whatever we can prefent to you, and though in all the be- 
 fore-named exploits we muft allow you the greateft fliare, yet be 
 pleafed to accept of the lefs requital, — a poor pittance of £300 in 
 plate, and a vifion of golden angels in a purfe, to the value of £200, 
 all the gift of our own fraternity. 
 
 " As for the reft of the lords and gentlemen here prefent, I hope 
 they will excufe us, and think themfelves well fatisfied with a good 
 dinner : and, in particular, you, my Lord Prefident, who deferve 
 much in the fettling of this republick. But having done but one 
 fingle adl towards it, if you expeil more than a dinner, we muft 
 leave you to the confideration of Mr. Lieutenant-General, who fet 
 you on work, and will, no doubt, in the end pay you your wages. 
 
 " I have but one word more to fay, and that is this : we have great 
 caufe to rejoice in the fettlement of this happy commonwealth, but I 
 fear we fliall not be quiet yet. God blefs us from untoward dreams 
 and reftlefs nights, and fend us well to digeft this thankfgiving dinner. 
 
440 APPENDIX. 
 
 and to have no more of them, nor occafion for them in hafte ; for the 
 frights they put us into before hand are terrible, and the dinners them- 
 felves are chargeable indeed, if malignants fpeak truth, who fay this 
 very day's thankfgiving will coft us no lefs than our heads, if not our 
 fouls too, into the bargain. Therefore, gentlemen, in a word, I think 
 we have but one play, and that is, to hold up the ftate as long as we 
 can, and to make fure of our heads and eftates, and pillage other men's 
 when we can hold it no longer." 
 
 In anfwer to this, Hugh Peters, being well whittled with wine, 
 made the following reply : — 
 
 Reader, Peter his being drunk is no fable (I affure you), and he 
 fell out with the butler. 
 
 Hugh Peters, his Thankfgiving Speech for a farewell to the City, 
 in the behalf of the General and Lieutenant-General. 
 
 Mr. Alderman Pennington, and the reji of the Reprefentatives 
 of the City, 
 
 " I muft tell you, I have been half the world over, and yet I am 
 come back again ; and, by my faith, firs, I muft tell you, I never faw 
 fuch a jolly, godly crew as are here, all high fellows together : 'Tis 
 merry when maltmen meet ; and (they fay) fome of us here have 
 been brewers, and of worfe trades too. But, oh, oh, — let that pafs. 
 I defy brewing ; for I have been all over your wine cellar, and that's 
 another world ; but it's as flippery a world as this, and runs round 
 too. What a Nicodemus is the butler ! he was loth to own me by 
 night ; he bade me ftay all night, and then I fliould have my bellyful!. 
 Now, firs, I conceive that a bellyful! is a bellyful! ; and, if a man hath 
 not his bellyfull, it is no thankfgiving. And if you (gentlemen of 
 the city) have not a bellyfull of this thankfgiving, I fay you may have 
 a bellyfull. 
 
 " Had Dr. Doriflaus been fo wife as to have ftaid at home, he 
 might have had another kind of bellyfull than he had at the Hague : 
 but a bellyfull ftill is a bellyfull, and at Grocers' Hall is a better 
 ordinary than a Dutch ordinary for a bellyfull. Pox o' your Dutch 
 ordinaries, I think they will become Englifli, and give us all a belly- 
 full ; but in another kind (I fear) than I gave my Dutch landlady 
 and her daughter. 
 
 " But no matter for that, a bellyfull is a bellyfull ; their bellies were 
 empty, and fo was mine ; for I had not fo much as a ^iver to blefs 
 
APPENDIX. 441 
 
 myfelf, and they would never let me be quiet, and I fcor'd up ftill, and 
 fo I got my belly full, and they got their bellyfuU; which was one 
 bellyfull for another, and fo at length I was quit of them. 
 
 " Then I went to New England, and there I faw a blefled fight, a 
 world of wild men and women lying round a fire, in a ring, ftark 
 naked. If this cuftom fliould come up in London (as I fee no reafon 
 but it may, if the ftate will vote it), then every woman may have her 
 bellyfull, and it would be a certain cure for cuckolds and jealoufy, and 
 fo the city would lofe nothing by this thank/giving. 
 
 " But now I come home to the point in hand, my Lord Mayor, 
 and you gentlemen of the city, I am commanded to give you thanks ; 
 but I would know for what ? for your dinner ? yes, I will when I 
 have my bellyfull ; but your butler is no true Trojan ; he knows not 
 how to tap and tofe the ftingo. Sure he is fome Prefbyterian fpy, 
 that is llinkt into office ; fpme cowardly fellow, that pines away at 
 fcandalous fins and the ftool of repentance, and he will never do well 
 till he be drench'd for the humour : fo that now I fee I am like to go 
 away without my bellyfull ; and have never a jigg to the tune of Ar- 
 thur of Bradley Sing brave Arthur of Bradley ! — Sing 01 
 
 " But if things go thus, what fliould I thank you for ? — The ftate 
 forefaw what flender good fellows you would be, or elfe fome of you 
 had been knighted, as well as my Lord of Pembroke. Nay, it was 
 God's mercy you had not all been knighted : for it was put to the 
 vote (I tell you) whether my Lord Mayor fliould be knighted ; and 
 whether you. Alderman Pennington and Alderman Atkins, fliould be 
 dubbed Sir Ifaac and Sir Thomas, of the ftate's own creation. But, 
 fince it is refolved otherwife, I pray you bid the butler bring up his 
 bannikins, and I'll make you all lords like myfelf, for now I am no 
 lefs in title than Lord Hugo de Santo Pietro Pintado, and every jot as 
 merry as forty beggars. 
 
 " Now, I warrant, you expedl: I fliould thank you for his Excellen- 
 cy's golden bafon and ewer ? 'Tis true, I was commanded to do fo j 
 but what care I for a hafon and ewer! Give me a pipe and a chamber- 
 pot; I mean a pipe of Canary into the bargain, or elfe it fliall be no 
 thankfgiving-day for me. Oh, for a conduit from Malaga, and that 
 we knew how to convey Middleton's pipes to the Canary Iflands, 
 then there would be no end of thankfgiving. 
 
 " I am commanded, likewife, to thank you for the Lieutenant-Ge- 
 neral's plate and his purfe of gold ; and I am fo much the more will- 
 ing to do it, becaufe I hope to have a feeling out of it anon, when we 
 come home. But (as I take it) you have more reafon to thank hini, 
 than he you : for, you gave him a little purfe of money, and 'tis his 
 
442 APPENDIX. 
 
 goodnefs he does not take all. I obferve, too, you have given him but 
 the value of £500, and his Excellency, forfooth, as much more. Do 
 you know what you do ? Cou'd you not have aflc'd my counfel be- 
 fore ? You may chance to be Iwitch'd (i'faith) for not fetting the 
 faddle upon the right horfe ; and well you deferve it, if I be not fur- 
 nifli'd with a pipe of Canary. Let me not be put off with nothing, 
 like my Lord Prefident and Mr. Speaker ; you know whither to fend, 
 firs. My lodging is fometimes at St. James's, but moft an end in 
 Thames-ftreet : there's my maid, a handfome lafs, I tell you, will 
 take it in as well as myfelf, or elfe I would never keep her. Fare- 
 well, firs, here's nothing to do (I fee). 
 
 A pox on your butler, and his lean joules, 
 There's liberty lies at the bottom of the bowles. 
 
 " Thus it is in one of our modern authors ; but I confefs I can have 
 none of this liberty, though it be the firft year of freedom, and then 
 judge you, whether the ftate or the ftate's fervants have any caufe of 
 thanks. Farewell, firs, I am gone. Oh for a milk-bowl, or his Ex- 
 cellency's bafon and ewer, now to fpue in, and make an end of 
 thankfgiving." 
 
APPENDIX. 443 
 
 The Triumphs of Truth 
 
 a folemnity unparalleled for coft, art, and magnificence, 
 
 at the Confirmation and eftablifhment of that worthy 
 
 and true nobly-minded Gentleman, 
 
 Sir Thomas Middleton, Knight, 
 
 in the honorable office of his Majeftie's Lieutenant, 
 
 The Lord Mayor of the Thrice famous City of London 
 
 taking beginning at his Lordfliip's going, and proceeding 
 
 after his returne from receiving the oath of Mayoralty at Weflminfter, 
 
 on the morrow next after Simon and Jude's Day, 
 
 Oftober 29, 161 3. 
 
 All the fliowes, pageants, chariots, morning, noone, and night-triumphs, 
 
 direfted, written, and redeem'd in forme, from the ignorance 
 
 of fome former times and their common writer. 
 
 By THOMAS MIDDLETON. 
 
 Shewing alfo his Lordfliip's entertainment upon Michaelmas-day laft 
 being the day of his ele£lion, at that moft famous and admired worke 
 of the running Streame, from Amwell Head into the Cifterne at 
 Iflington, being the fole Coft, Induftry, and Invention of the worthy 
 Mr. Hugh Middleton, of London, Goldfmith. 
 
 To the great expe6tation of vertue and goodneffe, and moft worthy 
 of all thofe cofts and honors which the Noble Fellowfliip and Society 
 of Grocers, and general! love of the whole City, in full-heap'd boun- 
 ties beftow upon him, the truly generous and juditious Sir Thomas 
 Middleton, Knight, Lord Mayor of the Honorable Citty of London. 
 As often as we fliall fixe our thoughts upon the Almighty Pro- 
 vidence, fo often they returne to our capacities laden with admiration, 
 either from the divine workes of his mercy, or thofe incomprehenfible 
 of His Juftice ; but here to inftance onely his omnipotent mercy, it 
 being the health and prefervation of all his workes ; and firft not onely 
 in raifing, but alfo in preferving your Lordfliip from many great and 
 
444 APPENDIX. 
 
 infident dangers, efpecially, in forraine countries in the time of your 
 
 youth and travels ; and now with fafety, love and triumph to eftablifli 
 
 you in this yeares honor; crowning the perfedion of your daies and the 
 
 gravity of your life with power, refpedt and reverence. Next, in that 
 
 myfelfe (though unworthy,) being of one name with your Lordfhip, 
 
 notwithftanding all oppofitions of malice, ignorance, and envy, fliould 
 
 thus happily live, protefted by part of that mercy (as if one fate did 
 
 profperoufly cleave to one name,) now to do fervice to your fame and 
 
 worthinefle, and my pen onely to be employed in thofe bounteous and 
 
 honorable Tryumphs, being but fliadowes of thofe eternall glories 
 
 that ftand ready for defervers, to which I commend the deferts of 
 
 your juftice, remaining, ever to your Lordfliip in the heft of my ob- 
 
 fervance, 
 
 Thomas Middleton. 
 
 The Tryumphs of Truth. 
 
 SEARCH all Chronicles, Hiftories, Records, in what language or 
 letter foever ; let the inquifitive man wafte the deere Treafures 
 of his time and Eye-fight, he fhall conclude his life only in this cer- 
 tainty, that there is no fubjedt upon earth received into the place of 
 his government with the like ftate and magnificence as is the Lord 
 Maior of the Citty of London. This being then infallible (like the 
 Miftrefl'e of our Triumphs) and not to be denied of any, how carefull 
 ought thofe Gentlemen to be, to whofe difcretion and judgement the 
 weight and Charge of fuch a bufineiTe is entirely referred and com- 
 mitted by the whole Society, to have all things correfpondent to that 
 Generous and Noble freenefl'e of coft and liberality, the ftreames of 
 Art, to aequall thofe of Bounty, a knowledge that may take the true 
 height of fuch an honorable Solemnity ; the miferable want of both 
 which in the impudent common writer, hath often forc'd from me 
 much pitty and forrow ; and it would heartily grieve any underftanding 
 fpirit to behold many times fo glorious a fire in bounty and goodneffe 
 oiFering to match itfelfe with freezing Art, fitting in darknefle, with 
 the candle out, looking like the picture of Blacke Monday. 
 
 But to fpeake truth, which many befide my felfe can affirme upon 
 knowledge, a care that hath beene feldome equal'd and not eafily 
 mitated, hath been faithfully fhowne in the whole courfe of this bufi- 
 nefife, both by the Wardens and Committies, men of much under- 
 ftanding, induftry, and carefulneflTe, little weighing the greatnefle of 
 
APPENDIX. 445 
 
 expence, fo the coft might purchafe perfe£tion, fo fervent hath beene 
 their defire to excell in that (which is a learned and vertuous ambition) 
 and fo unfainedly pure the loves and afFeftions of the wholeCompany 
 to his Lordfliip; if any fhall imagine that I fet fairer colours upon their 
 Deferts, than they upon themfelves, let them but reade, and conceive, 
 and their owne underftandings will light them to the acknowledge- 
 ment of their errors. Firft they may here behold love and bounty 
 opening with the morning, earlier than fome of former yeares ready at 
 the firft appearing of his Lordfhip, to give his eare a tafte of the dayes 
 fucceeding glory, and thus the forme of it prefents it felfe. 
 
 At Soper-Lane end a Senate Houfe erefled, upon which Mufitians 
 fit playing ; and more to quicken time, a fweet voyce married to 
 thefe words : — 
 
 The Song. 
 
 Mother of many honorable fonnes, 
 Thinke not the Glaffe too flowly runnes. 
 
 That in Times hand is fet, 
 
 Becaufe the worthy Sonne appeares not yet : 
 Lady be pleas'd, the hower growes on, 
 Thy joy will be compleate anon ; 
 
 Thou (halt behold 
 
 The man enrold 
 In Honours bookes, whom vertue raifes 
 
 Love-circled round. 
 
 His triumphs crownd 
 With all good wiflies, prayers, and praifes. 
 
 After this fweet aire hath liberally fpent itfelfe, at the firft appearing 
 of the Lord Mayor from Guild-Hall in the morning a Trumpet plac'd 
 upon that ScafFold, founds forth his welcome ; then after a ftraine or 
 two of Muficke, a Grave Fceminine Shape prefents itfelfe, from be- 
 hinde a filke curtaine, reprefenting London, attired like a reverend 
 Mother, a long white haire naturally flowing on either fide of her : on 
 her head a modell of Steeples and Turrets, her habite Crimfon filke, 
 neere to the Honourable garment of the Citty : her left hand holding 
 a key of gold, who after a comely grace, equally mixtwith Comfort 
 and Reverence, fends from her lips this Motherly falutation. 
 
 The Speech of London. 
 
 Honour and Joy falute thee, I am raif 'd 
 
 In comfort and in love to fee thee, glad 
 
 And happy in thy bleflings, nor efteeme 
 
 My words the leffe, caufe I a woman fpeake, 
 
 A womans counfell is not alwayes weake. 
 
 I am thy Mother, at that name I know 
 
 Thy heart do's reverence to me, as becomes 
 
 A Sonne of Honour, in whofe foule burnes cleere 
 
446 APPENDIX. 
 
 The facred lights of divine feare and Icnowledge, 
 
 I know, that at this inftant, all the workes 
 
 Of Motherly love in me, fhowne to thy youth 
 
 When it was foft and helpelefle, are fum'd up 
 
 In thy moft gratefull minde, thou well remembreft 
 
 All my deere paines, and care, with what affeftion 
 
 I cherifti thee in my bofome, watchfull ftill 
 
 Over thy wayes, 
 
 Set wholefome and Religious Lawes before 
 
 The foot-fteps of thy youth, ihew'd Thee the way 
 
 That lead thee to the Glory of this day. 
 
 To which (with teares of the moft fruitfull joy 
 
 That ever Mother flied) I welcome Thee. 
 
 Oh I could be content to take my part 
 
 Out of Felicity onely in weeping. 
 
 Thy prefence and this day is fo deere to me. 
 
 Looke on my age (my Honorable Sonne) 
 
 And then begin to thinke upon thy Office ; 
 
 See how on each fide of mee hang the cares 
 
 Which I beftow'd on thee, in filver haires. 
 
 And now the Faith, the Love, the Zealous Fires 
 
 With which I cheer'd thy Youth, my age requires. 
 
 The duty of a Mother I have fliowne ; 
 
 Through all the Rites of pure aifeftion, 
 
 In Care in Government, in Wealth, in Honour, 
 
 Brought Thee to what thou art, thow'ft all from mee. 
 
 Then what thou ftiould'ft be I expeft from Thee. 
 
 Now to thy charge. Thy Government, Thy Cares, 
 
 Thy Mother in her age fubmits her yeares. 
 
 And though (to my abundant griefe I fpeak it. 
 
 Which now ore-flowes my joy) feme Sonnes I have 
 
 Thankleffe, unkind, and difobedient. 
 
 Rewarding all my Bounties with negleft 
 
 And will of purpofe wilfully retire 
 
 Themfelves, from doing grace and fervice to me. 
 
 When they have got all they can, or hope for, from me, 
 
 The thankfulnefle in which Thy Life doth move. 
 
 Did ever promife fairer fruits or Love, 
 
 And now they (how themfelves, yet they have all 
 
 My bleffing with them, fo the world (hall fee 
 
 Tis their unkindneiTe, no defeft in me ; 
 
 But go thou forward (ray thrice Honor'd Sonne) 
 
 In waies of goodnefle, Glory is beft wonne 
 
 When Merit brings it home, difdaine all Titles 
 
 Purchas'd with Coine, of Honor take thou hold. 
 
 By thy Defeit let others buy't with Gold ; 
 
 Fixe thy moft ferious Thought upon the weight 
 
 Thou goeft to undergo, 'tis the juft Government 
 
 Of this fam'd Citty, (Mee) whom Nations call 
 
 Their brighteft Eye, then with great care & feare 
 
 Ought I to be ore-feene to be kept cleare. 
 
 Spots in deformed Faces are fcarce noted, 
 
 Faire cheekes are ftain'd if ne're fo little blotted. 
 
 See'ft thou this Key of Gold ? it (hewes thy charge, 
 
 This place is the Kings Chamber, all pollution, 
 
 Sinne and Uncleanneffe rauft be lock't out here. 
 
 And be kept fweet, with Sanftity, Faith & Feare, 
 
 I fee Grace take effefl:. Heavens Joy upon her, 
 
 'Tis rare, when Vertue opes the Gate to Honor, 
 
 My bleffing be upon thee, Sonne and Lord, 
 
 And on my Sonnes all, that obey my word. 
 
APPENDIX. 447 
 
 Then making her honour, as before, the waites of the Citty there 
 in fervice, his Lordftiip and the Worthy Company, are led forward 
 toward the water fide, where you {hall find the River deck't in the 
 richeft glory to receive him ; upon whofe Chriftall Bofome ftands 
 five Iflands art-fully garniflied with all manner of Indian Fruite 
 Trees, Drugges, Spiceries ; and the like, the middle Ifland with a 
 faire Caflle efpecially beautified. 
 
 But making hafte to returne to the Citty againe, where Triumph 
 waites in more Splendor and Magnificence, the firft then that attends 
 to receive his Lordfliip oiF the Water at Bainards Caftle, is Truths 
 Angell on Horfe-Backe, his Raiment of White Silke powdred with 
 Starres of Gold : on his head a Crowne of Gold, a Trumpeter before 
 him on Horfe-backe, and Zeale the Champion of Truth, in a Garment 
 of Flame coloured Silke, with bright haire on his head, from which 
 (hoot Fire beames, following clofe after him mounted alike, his Right 
 hand holding a flaming Scourge, intimating thereby that as hee is the 
 manifefter of Truth, he is likewife the chaftizer of Ignorance and 
 Error. 
 
 The Salutation of the Angell. 
 
 I have within mine Eye my blefled Charge, 
 Haile Friend of Truth, Safety and Joy attends thee ; 
 I am Truths Angell, by my Miftreffe fent 
 To guard and guid thee, when thou took'ft thy Oath 
 I flood on thy Right hand, though to thy eye 
 In vifible forme I did not then appeare, 
 Afke but thy Soule t'will tell thee I flood neere ; 
 And t'was a Time to take care of Thee then 
 At fuch a Marriage before Heaven and Men, 
 (Thy Faith being wed to Honor) clofe behinde thee 
 Stood Errors Minifler, that ftill fought to blinde thee, 
 And wrap his fubtill mifts about thy Oath, 
 To hide it from the nakednefle of Troth, 
 Which is Truths pureft glory, but my light 
 Still as it flione, Expel'd her blackefl fpite ; 
 His Mifls fled by, yet all I could devife. 
 Could hardly keepe them from fome Peoples eyes, 
 But thine they flew from, thy Care's but begun 
 Wake on, the Viftory is not halfe yet wun. 
 Thou wilt be flill affaulted, thou ftialt meete. 
 With many dangers, that in voyce feeme fweet. 
 And waies raoft pleafant to a worldlings eye. 
 My Miftrefle ha's but one, but that leds hye 
 To yon triumphant Citty follow mee, 
 Keepe thou to Truth, Eternitie keepes to thee. 
 Zeale. On boldly Man of Honor, thou flialt win, 
 
 I am Truths Champion, Zeale, the Scourge of Sin. 
 
 The Trumpet then founding, the Angell and Zeale rake themfelves 
 juft before his Lordfliip, and conduct him to Pauls-chaine, where in 
 the South-yard Error in a Chariot with his infernall Minifters attends 
 
448 
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 to aflault him, his Garment of Afh-Colour Silke, his head rowl'd in a 
 cloud, over which ftands, an Owle, a Moale on one fhoulder, a Bat 
 on the other, all Symboles of blinde Ignorance and Darknefle, Mifts 
 hanging at his Eyes ; clofe before him rides Envy his Champion, 
 eating of a humane heart, mounted on a Rhenoceros, attired in Red 
 Silke, futable to the bloudinefle of her manners, her left Pap bare, 
 where a Snake faflens, her Armes halfe Naked, holding in her right 
 hand a Dart tindled in bloud. 
 
 The Greeting of Error. 
 
 Art come ? O welcome my triumphant Lord, 
 
 My Glories Sweet-heart ! how many millions 
 
 Of happy wifties hath my love told out 
 
 For this defired minute, I was dead 
 
 Till I enjoy'd thy Prefence, I faw nothing, 
 
 A Blindneile thicker then Idolatry, 
 
 Clove to my Eye-bals, now I am all of Light, 
 
 Of Fire, of Joy, Pleafure runs nimbly through mee, 
 
 Lets joyne together both in State and Triumph, 
 
 And down with beggarly and friendleffe Vertue, 
 
 That hath fo long impoveri(h't this faire Citty, 
 
 My Beafts (hall trample on her naked breaft. 
 
 Under my Chariot-wheeles her Bones lye preft, 
 
 She ne're fhall rife againe, great Power this day 
 
 Is given into thy hand, make ufe on't Lord, 
 
 And let thy will and Appetite fway the Sword, 
 
 Downe with them all now, whom thy heart envies, 
 
 Let not thy Confcience come into thine Eyes. 
 
 This twelve-month, if thou lov'ft revenge or gaine, 
 
 I'le teach thee to call mifts, to blinde the plaine 
 
 And fimple Eye of Man, he ftiall not know't. 
 
 Nor fee thy Wrath when 'tis upon his throte. 
 
 All ftiall be carried with fuch Art and Wit, 
 
 That what thy Luft Ails, ftial be counted fit. 
 
 Then for Attendants that may beft obferve thee, 
 
 I'le picke out Serjants of my band to ferve thee, 
 
 Heres Gluttony and Sloth, two pretious Slaves, 
 
 Wil tell thee more then a whole heard of Knaves, 
 
 The worth of every OfBce to a Haire, 
 
 And who bid moft, and how the Markets are, 
 
 Let them alone to fmell, and for a need, 
 
 They'l bring thee in Bribes for Meafure and light Bread, 
 
 Keepe thy eye winking, and thy hand wide ope. 
 
 Then thou ftialt know what wealth is, and the Icope 
 
 Of rich Authority, Ho tis fweete and deere. 
 
 Make ufe of Time then, thou'ft but one poore yeare. 
 
 And that will quickly ftide, then be not nice, 
 
 Both Power and Profite cleaves to my advice, 
 
 And what's he lockes his Eare from thofe fweet Charmes, 
 
 Or runs not to meet Gaine with wide-ftretch't Armes, 
 
 There is a poore thin thred-bare thing, cal'd Truth, 
 
 I give thee warning of her, if flie fpeake 
 
 Stop both thine Eares clofe, moft Profeflions breake 
 
 That ever delt with her, an Unlucky thing, 
 
 Shee's almoft fworne to nothing, I can bring 
 
 A thoufand of our Parifli, befides Queanes, 
 
APPENDIX. 449 
 
 That nere knew what Truth meant, nor ever mcane*. 
 Some I could cull out here, e'en in this Throng, 
 If I would (how my Children, and how ftrong 
 I were in faftion ; 'laffe poore fimple ftray, 
 Shee's all her life-time finding out one way, 
 Shee 'as but one foolifh way, ftreight on, right forward, 
 And yet flie makes a toyle on't, and goes on. 
 With care and feare forfooth when I can run 
 Over a hundred with delight and pleafure, 
 Backe-waies and by-waies and fetch in my treafure 
 After the wiflies of my heart by (hifts. 
 Deceits, and flightes, and I'll give thee thofe giftes ; 
 I'll fliew thee all my corners yet untold. 
 The very nookes where beldams hide their gold ; 
 In hollow walls and chimneies, where the fun 
 Never yet (hone, nor Truth came ever neere, 
 Tis of thy life I'll make the golden yeare. — Follow me, then ; 
 Eifvy. Learne now to fcorne thy inferiours, thofe muft love thee. 
 And wifti to eat their hearts that fit above thee. 
 
 Zeale, ftir'd up with divine indignation at the impudence of thefe 
 hell-hounds, both forceth their retirement, and makes way for the 
 chariot wherein Truth his miftrefle fits, in a clofe garment of white 
 fattin, which makes her appear thin and naked, figuring thereby her 
 fimplicity and neerenefle of heart to thofe that embrace her ; a robe of 
 white filke caft over it, fill'd with the eies of eagles, fhewing her deepe 
 infight and height of wifedome ; over her thrice-fan<Elified head a 
 milke-white dove, and on each fhoulder one, the facred emblems of 
 purity, meekenefle, and innocency ; under her feete ferpents, in that 
 Ihe treads downe all fubtelty and fraud ; her forehead empal'd with a 
 diadem of ftars, the witnefle of her eternall defcent ; on her breaft a 
 pure round criftall, fhowing the brightnefle of her thoughts and atftions ; 
 a fun in her right hand, than which nothing is truer, a fan fill'd all with 
 ftarres in her left, with which flie parts darknelTe, and ftrikes away the 
 vapours of ignorance. If you hearken to Zeale her Champion, after 
 his holy anger is paft againft Error and his crue, hee will give it you 
 in better tearmes, or at leaft more fmoothly and pleafingly. 
 
 The Speech of Zeale. 
 
 Bold Furies, backe ! or with this fcourge of fire, 
 
 Whence fparkles out religious chaft deiire, 
 
 I'll whip you downe to darkeneffe ; this a place 
 
 Worthy my Miftreffe, her aeternall grace 
 
 Be the full objeft to feaft all thefe eies. 
 
 But thine* the firft, hee that feeds here is wife ; 
 
 Nor by the naked plaineneffe of her weeds 
 
 Judge thou her worth, no burnifht gloffe Truth needs ; 
 
 That Crowne of ftarres fliewes her defcent from Heaven ; 
 
 That roabe of white fill'd all with eagle's eies. 
 
 * Addreffing the Lord Mayor. 
 3 M 
 
450 APPENDIX. 
 
 Her piercing fight through hidden rayfteries ; 
 
 Thofe milke-white doves her fpotlefle innocence ; 
 
 Thofe ferpents at her feete her viftory fhowes 
 
 Over deceite and guile, her ralceft foes ; 
 
 And by that criftall mirrour at her breaft, 
 
 The clearneffe of her confcience is expreft ; 
 
 And ftiowing that her deeds all darknefs Ihun, 
 
 Her right-hand holds Truth's fymbole, the bright funne ; 
 
 A fan of ftarres ftiee in her other twifts, 
 
 With which ihe chaceth away Errors mifts ; 
 
 And now (hee makes to thee her fo even grace, 
 
 For to her rich and poore looke with one face. 
 
 The Words of Truth. 
 
 Man rayfd by faith and love ! upon whofe head 
 
 Honour fits frefh, let not thy heart be led 
 
 In ignorant waies of infolence and pride 
 
 From her that to this day hath bene thy guide ; 
 
 I never fhowed thee yet more pathes then one. 
 
 And thou haft found fufficient that alone. 
 
 To bring thee hether, then go forward ftill, 
 
 And having moft power, firft fubjeil thy will ; 
 
 Give the firft fruits of Juftice to thy felfe. 
 
 Then doft thou wifely governe, though that elfe 
 
 Of fin and darknefs ftill oppofingmee, 
 
 Counfels thy appetite, to matter thee. 
 
 But call to minde what brought thee to this day ; 
 
 Was falfehood, cruelty, or revenge the way ? 
 
 Thy luft or pleafures ? peoples curfe or hate ? 
 
 Thefe were no waies could raife thee to this ftate. 
 
 The ignorant muft acknowledge ; if then from mee, 
 
 Which no ill dare deny or fin controule, 
 
 Forfake mee not, that can advance thy foule, 
 
 I fee a blefl^ed yeelding in thine eye, 
 
 Thou'rt mine, leade on, thy name ftiall never dye. 
 
 Thefe words ended, they all fet forward, this Chariot of Truth and 
 her caeleftiall hand-maids the Graces & Vertues, taking place next 
 before his Lordfliip, Zeale and the Angell before that, the Chariot of 
 Error following as neere as it can get, all palling on, till they come 
 into Pauls Church-yard, where ftand ready the five Iflands, thofe 
 dumbe Glories that I fpake of before upon the water, upon the heighth 
 of thefe five Iflands fit five perfons reprefenting the five Sences, Vifus, 
 Auditus, Taftus, Guflus, 01fa6lus, (or) Seeing, Hearing, Touching, 
 Tafting, Smelling; at their feete their proper Emblemes, Aquila, 
 Cervus, Araneus, Simla, Canis, an Eagle, a Hart, a Spider, an Ape, 
 a Dogge. 
 
 No fooner can your eyes take leave of thefe, but they may fuddenly 
 efpy a flrange Ship making toward, and that which may raife greater 
 aftonifliment, it having neither Saylor nor Pilot, onely upon a white filke 
 ftreamer thefe two words fet in Letters of Gold, Veritate Gubernor, 
 I am fteer'd by Truth ; the perfons that are contained within this 
 
APPENDIX. 451 
 
 Little Veffel are onely foure ; a King of the Moores, his Queene, and 
 two attendants of their owne colour, the reft of their followers people 
 theCaftle that ftands in the middle 111 and, ofwhich Company two or 
 three on the top appears to fight, this King feeming much aftonied at 
 the many eies of fuch a multitude, utters his thoughts in thefe words: — 
 
 The Speech of that King. 
 
 I fee amazement fetupon the faces 
 Of thefe white people, wondrings, and ftrange gazes, 
 Is it at mee ? do's my Complexion draw 
 So many Chiiftian Eyes, that never faw 
 A King fo blacke before ? no, now I fee 
 Their entire obje6l, the're all meant to thee 
 (Grave Citty Governour) my Queene and I 
 Well honor'd with the glances that by, 
 I muft confefle many wilde thoughts may rife. 
 Opinions, Common Murmurs, and fixt Eyes 
 At my fo ftrange arrivall in a Land 
 Where true Religion and her Temple (land : 
 I being a Moor, ethen in Opinions lightnefle 
 As far from Sanflity as my face from whitenefle j 
 But I forgive the Judgings of th' unwife 
 Whofe Cenfures ever quicken in their Eyes 
 Onely begot of outward forme and (how. 
 And I thinke meete to let fuch Cenfurers know 
 However Darkenefle dwels upon my face, 
 Truth in my foule fets up the Light of grace 
 And though in dales of Error I did runne 
 To give all Adoration to the Sunne, 
 The Moone & Stars ; nay Creatures bafe and poore 
 Now onely their Creator I adore ; ' 
 
 My Queene and people all, at one time wun. 
 By the Religious converfation 
 Of Englifh Merchants, Faaors, Travailers, 
 Whofe Truth did with our Spirits hold Commerfe 
 As their affaires with us, following their path 
 We all were brought to the true Chriftian Faith: 
 Such benefite in good Example dwels. 
 It oft hath power to convert Infidels ; 
 Nor could our defires reft, till we were led 
 Unto this place, where thofe good Spirits were bred ; 
 And fee how we arriv'd in Blefled Time, 
 To do that Miftrefle Service, in the Prime 
 Of thefe her fpotlefle Triumphs, and t' attend 
 That Honorable Man, her late fworne Frend. 
 If any wonder at the lafe arrive 
 Of this fmall Veffell, which all weathers drive 
 According to their Rages, where appeares 
 Nor Marriner nor Pylot (arm'd gainft feares) 
 Know this came hether from mans guidance free, 
 Onely by Truth fteer'd ; as our Soules rauft bee ; 
 And fee where one of her faire Temples ftands. 
 Do Reverence, Moores, bow low, and kifle your hands, 
 Behold our Queene. 
 Moores. Her Goodneffes are fuch 
 
 Wee cannot honour her, and her houfe too much. 
 
452 APPENDIX. 
 
 AH in the Shippe and thofe in the Caftle bowing their bodies to the 
 Temple of Saint Paul, but Error fmiling betwixt Scorne and Anger to 
 fee fuch a devout humility take hold of that complexion, breakes into 
 thefe : — 
 
 Error. What, have my fweete-fac'ft Devils forfooke me too, 
 Nay, then my charmes will have enough to doc ? 
 
 But Time fitting by the Frame of Truth his Daughters Chariott, 
 attir'd agreeable to his condition, with his hower glafle, wings, and 
 fithe, knowing beft himfelfe when it is fitteft to fpeake, goes forward 
 in this manner : — 
 
 This Time hath brought t'efFefl, for on thy da) 
 
 Nothing but Truth and Vertue Ihall difplay 
 
 Their virgin Enfignes ; Infidelity, 
 
 Barbarifme and Guile fliall in deepe Darkneffe lye, 
 
 O I could ever (land ftill thus, and gaze. 
 
 Never turne glaffe agen ; with no more dales, 
 
 So this might ever laft, pitty the Light 
 
 Of this rich Glory muft be cafde in night ; 
 
 But Time muft on, I go 'tis fo decreed. 
 
 To blefle my Daughter Truth, and all her feed 
 
 With Joyes Immortal, Triumphs never ending ; 
 
 And as her hand lifts mce, to thy Afcending 
 
 May it be alwaies ready (worthy Sonne) 
 
 To haften which, my Howers lliall quickly run, 
 
 Seeft thou yon place,* thether He weekely bring thee. 
 
 Where Truths caeleftiall Harmony Thou (halt heare, 
 
 To which I charge Thee bend a ierious Eare : 
 
 Lead on Times fwift Attendants. 
 
 Then the five Iflands pafle along into Cheape-fide, the Ship next 
 after them ; the Chariot of Truth flill before his Lordfhip, and that 
 of Error ftill chac'ft before it, where their Eies meet with another more 
 fubtile object, planting itfelfe clofe by the little Conduite, which may 
 beare this Charafter, the True Forme and Fafliion of a Mount 
 Triumphant, but the Beauty and Glory thereof overfpred with a thicke 
 Sulphurous Darkeneffe, it being a Fog or Mift raifde from Error, en- 
 vioufly to blemifh that Place which beares the Title of Londons 
 Triumphant Mount (the chiefe Grace and Lufter of the whole 
 Triumph) ; at the foure corners fit foure Monfl:ers Errors Difciples, on 
 whom hangs part of the mift for their cloathing, holding in their hands 
 little thicke Clubbes, coloured like their Garments ; the names of 
 thefe foure Monfters, Barbarifme, Ignorance, Impudence, Falfliood, 
 who at the neere approaching of Truths Chariot, are feene a little 
 to tremble, whilft her Deity gives life to thefe words : — 
 
 * Saint Pauls Croffe. 
 
APPENDIX. 453 
 
 Truth. 
 
 What's here ? the Mift of Error ? dare his Spight 
 
 Staine this Triumphant Mount? where our delight 
 
 Hath bene Divinely fixt fo many Ages, 
 
 Dare darkeneffe now breathe forth her Infolent Rages, 
 
 And hang in poyfnous Vapours o're the place 
 
 From whence wee receiv'd Love and return'd Grace ? 
 
 I fee if Truth awhile but turne her Eies, 
 
 Thicke are the mifts that o're faire Citties rife : 
 
 Wee did expeft to receive welcome here. 
 
 From no deform'd Shapes but Divine and Cleere, 
 
 In fteed of Monfters that this place attends ; 
 
 To meete with goodneffe and her glorious Frends, 
 
 Nor can they fo forget mee to bee far, 
 
 I know there ftands no other envious Bar ; 
 
 But that foule Cloude to Darken this Bright Day, 
 
 Which with this Fanne of Starres He Chace away. 
 
 Vanilh Infeftious Fog that I may fee 
 
 This Citties Grace, that takes her light from mee. 
 
 At this her powerfull command, they vanifli, give way, Cloude fud- 
 denly rifes, and changes into a bright fpredding Canopy, ftucke thicke 
 with ftarres, and beames of gold, fliooting forth round about it, the 
 Mount appearing then moft rich in beauty and Glory, the foure mon- 
 fters falling flat at the Foote of the Hill ; that grave Foeminine Shape, 
 figuring London fitting in greateft Honour ; next above her in the 
 moft eminent place, fits Religion, the modell of a faire Temple on her 
 head, and a burning Lampe in her Hand, the proper Emblems of her 
 Sanftity, WatchfulnefTe and Zeale ; on her right Hand fits Liberality, 
 her head circled with a Wreath of Gold, in her hand a Cornucopia, 
 or home of Abundance, out of which rufheth a feeming Floud of Gold, 
 but no way flowing to Prodigality ; for as the Sea is govern'd by the 
 Moone, fo is that wealthy River by her Eie, (for Bounty muft bee led 
 by Judgement) and hence is Artfully derived the onely diflference be- 
 tweene Prodigality and Bounty, the one deales her giftes with open 
 eyes, the other blind-fold ; on her left fide fits Perfedl Love, his pro- 
 per Seate being neereft the Heart, wearing upon his head a wreath of 
 White and Red Rofes mingled together, the Antient WitneflTe of 
 Peace, Love and Union, wherein confifts the happineflTe of this Land, 
 his Right hand holding a Sphaere, where in a Circle of Gold, is con- 
 tained all the 12 Companies Armes ; and therefore call'd the Sphasre of 
 True Brother-hood, or Annulus Amoris, the Ring of Love : upon his 
 left hand ftand two Billing Turtles, exprefling thereby the happy Con- 
 dition of Mutuall Love and Society : on either fide of this Mount are 
 difplaid the Charitable and Religious Workes of London (efpecially 
 the Worthy Company of Grocers) in giving maintenance to SchoUers, 
 Souldiers, Widdowes, Orphans, and the like, where are plac'd one of 
 each number : & on the two Heights fit Knowledge & Modefty ; 
 
454 APPENDIX. 
 
 Knowledge wearing a Crowne of Starres, in her Hand a Perfpeftive 
 Glaffe, betokening both her High Judgement, and Deepe In-flght, 
 the Brow of Modeftie circled with a Wreath all of red Rofes, ex- 
 prefling her Bafhfulneffe and Blufliings, in her hand a Crimfon Baner, 
 fil'd with Silver Stars, figuring the white purity of her Shamfaftneffe, 
 her cheeks not red with fhame or guilt, but with Virgin-Feare, and 
 Honor. At the Backe of this Triumphant Mount, Chaftity, Fame, 
 Simplicity, Meeknefle, have their feats, Chaftity wearing on her Head 
 a Garland of White Rofes in her hand a White Silke Banner, fil'd with 
 Starres of Gold, exprefling the seternity of her unfpotted purenefle : 
 Fame next under her, on her Head a Crowne of Silver, and a Silver 
 Trumpet in her hand, {Lowing both her Brightnefle and Shrilnefle : 
 Simplicity with a Milke-white Dove upon her Head, and Meekenefle 
 with a Garland of mingled Flowers, in her hand a white Silke Banner 
 with a red Crofle, a Lambe at her Feet, by which both their Condi- 
 tions are fufficiently expreft ; The Mount thus made glorious by the 
 Power of Truth, and the Mift expel'd, London thus fpeakes: — 
 
 London. 
 
 Thicke Scales of Darknefie in a Moments fpace 
 Are fell from both mine Eyes, I fee the Face 
 Of all my Friends about me (now) moft cleerely, 
 Religious Sifters, whom I Honour deerely ; 
 Oh I behold the worke, it comes from Thee 
 Illuftrious Patronefle, thou that mad'ft me fee 
 In Dayes of blindeft Ignorance, when this Light 
 Was e'en extinguifht, Thou Redeem'ft my fight ; 
 Then to Thy Charge (with Reverence) I commend 
 That worthy Son of mine, thy vertuous Friend, 
 Whom on my Love and Bleffing I require. 
 To obferve Thee Faithfully, and his Defire 
 To imitate Thy Will, and there lye bounded. 
 For Power's a Dangerous Sea, which muft be founded 
 With Truth and Juftice, or Man foone runs on 
 'Gainft Rockes and Shelves to Diflblution ; 
 Then that thou maift the Difference ever know, 
 Twixt Truth and Error, a few words ftiall (how ; 
 The many wayes that to blind Error Aide 
 Are in the entrance broad. Hell-mouth is wide. 
 But when Man enters farre, he finds it then 
 Clofe, Darke and Streight, for Hell returnes no Men ; 
 But the one facred way which Truth direfts, 
 Onely at Entrance Mans Affeftion Checks, 
 And is there ftri6l alone, to which place throngs 
 All Worlds AfBiftions, Calumnies, and Wrongs. 
 But having paft thofe, then thou find'ft a way 
 In bredth, whole Heaven, in length, asternall Day, 
 Then following TiTJth, (he brings Thee to that way ; 
 But firft obferve what Workes flie here requires. 
 Religion, Knowledge, Sanflity, Chaft Defires, 
 Then Charity, which Bounty muft exprefte. 
 To Schollers, Souldiers, Widdowes, Fatherlefle ; 
 Thefe have been ftill my workes, they muft be thine, 
 
APPENDIX. 455 
 
 Honour and Aftion muft together fliine, 
 Or the bed part's Eclipft, behold but this, 
 Thy very Creft fhowes Bounty, here 'tis put, 
 Thou giv'ft the open Hand, keepe it not fliut; 
 But to the Needle, or Deferving Spirit, 
 Let it fpred wide, and Heaven enrowles that Merit ; 
 Do thefe, and prove my Hopeful! Worthy Sonne, 
 Yet nothing's fpoke, but needfully muft bee done. 
 And fo lead forward. 
 
 At which Words the whole Triumph moves in his richeft glory 
 toward the Crofle in Cheape, at which place Error full of Wrath and 
 Mallice to fee his Mift fo chaced away, falles into this Fury : — 
 
 Error. 
 
 Heart of all the Friends in Hell ! 
 
 Could her Beggarly Power expell 
 
 Such a Thicke and Poifonous Mift 
 
 Which fet Envies Snakes to twift ; 
 
 Up Monfters, was her Feeble Frowne 
 
 Of Force to ftrike my Officers downe ? 
 
 Barbarifme, Impudence, Lies, Ignorance, 
 
 All your Hell-bred Heads advance. 
 
 And once againe with Rotten Darknefle ihroud 
 
 This Mount Triumphant, drop down fulphurous Cloud. 
 
 At which the Mifl; falles againe, and hangs over all the Beauty of the 
 Mount, not a perfon of Glory feene, onely the foure Monfters gather 
 courage againe, and take their feates, advancing their Clubs above their 
 Heads, which no fooner perceiv'd, but Truth in her Chariot making 
 neere to the place, willing ftill to refcue her friends and fervants, from 
 the Powers of Ignorance and Darknefle, makes ufe of thefe words :^ 
 
 Truth. 
 
 Dare yet the workes of Uglinefte appeare 
 
 Gainft this Dayes BrightnelTe, and lee Us fo neere ? 
 
 How bold is Sin and Hell, that yet it dare 
 
 Rife againft Us? but know (Perditions Heire) 
 
 'Tis Idle to contend againft our Power, 
 
 Vaniih againe Fowle Mift from Honors Bower. 
 
 Then the Cloud difperfing it felfe againe, and all the Mount appear- 
 ing Glorious, it paflTeth fo on to the Standard, about which place, by 
 elaborate aftion from Error it falles againe, and goes fo darkned, till 
 it comes to S. Lawrence Lane end, where by the former words by 
 Truth utter'd, being againe chac'd away, London thus gratefully re- 
 quites her Goodnefle : — 
 
 London. 
 
 .(Eternities bright Sifter, by whofe Light, 
 Errors infeftious Workes ftill flye my fight. 
 
456 APPENDIX. 
 
 Receive thy Servants Thankes; Now perfeft Love 
 Whofe Right hand holds a Sphere, wherein do move 
 Twelve bleft Societies, whofe belov'd encreafe. 
 Stiles it the Ring of Brother-hood, Faith and Peace, 
 From thy Harmonious Lips let them all tafte. 
 The Golden Counfell that makes Health long laft. 
 
 Perfedt Love then ftanding up, holding in his right hand a Sphaere, 
 on the other two Billing Turtles, gives thefe words : — 
 
 Perfefi: Love. 
 
 Firft then I banifti from this Feaft of Joy, 
 All ExcefTe, Epicurifme, both which deftroy 
 The Healths of Soule and Body, no ftich Gueft 
 Ought to be welcome to this Reverend Feaft 
 Where Truth is Miftrefle ; who's admitted here, 
 Muft come for Vertues love more then for Cheere, 
 Thefe two White Turtles may example give 
 How perfe£): Joy and Brother-hood fhould live. 
 And they from whom Grave Order is expefled. 
 Of rude excess muft never bee detefled ; 
 This is the Councell which that Lady calles 
 Golden Advice, for by it no man falles ; 
 Hee that defines Dayes healthfuU, found and bleft. 
 Let moderate Judgement ferve him at his Feaft, 
 And fo lead on, may Perfeft Brother-hood ftiine. 
 Still in Sphsere, and Honor ftill in thine. 
 
 This fpeech fo ended, his Lordfhip and the Companies pafle on to 
 Guild-hall; and at their Returning backe thefe Triumphs attend to 
 bring his Lordfhip toward Saint Pauls Church, there to performe thofe 
 yearely Ceremoniall Rites, which Antient and Grave Order hath de- 
 termined, Error by the way ftill bufie and in a£lion to draw Darknefle 
 often upon that Mount of Triumph, which by Truth is as often 
 difperft, then all returning homewards full of Beauty and Brightneffe, 
 this Mount and the Chariot of Truth, both plac'd neere to the 
 Entrance of his Lordfhip's Gate, neere Leaden-hall j London, the 
 Lady of that Mount ; firft gives utterance to thefe words : — 
 
 London. 
 
 Before the day fprang from the Mornings Wombe 
 
 I rofe, my Care was earlier than the Light, 
 
 Nor would it reft till I now brought Thee home. 
 
 Marrying to one Joy both thy Day and Night, 
 
 Nor can we call this Night, if our Eyes count 
 
 The Glorious beames that dance about this mount. 
 
 Sure did not Cuftome guide 'em. Men would fay 
 
 Two Noones were feene together in one day. 
 
 The Splendor is fo piercing. Triumph feemes 
 
 As if it fparkled, and to Mens efteemes 
 
 Threw forth his Thankes, wrapt up in Golden Flames, 
 
 As if hee would give Light to reade their Names 
 
APPENDIX. 457 
 
 That were at Coft this day to make him (hine, 
 And be as free in Thankes, as they in Coine, 
 But fee Time checkes me, and his Sithe ftands ready 
 To cut all off, no State on Earth is fteady 
 Therefore Grave Sonne the time that is to come, 
 Beftow on Truth, and fo Thou'rt welcome Home. 
 
 Time ftanding up in Truths Chariot, feeming to make an ofFer with 
 his Sithe to cut off the Glories of the Day, growing neere now to the 
 Seafon of Reft and Sleepe, his Daughter Truth thus meekely ftayes 
 his Hand : — 
 
 Truth. 
 
 Father defift a While till I fend forth 
 A few words to our Friend, that Man of worth : 
 The power that Heaven, Love, and the Citties Choyce, 
 Have all confer'd on Thee with mutuall Voyce, 
 As it is Great, Reverend, and Honorable, 
 Meet it with aequall Goodneffe, ftrive t'excell 
 Thy former Selte, as thy command exceeds 
 Thy laft-yeares State, fo let new Afts, old Deeds ; 
 And as great men in Riches and in Birth, 
 (Heightning their Blouds, and joyning Earth to Earth) 
 Beftow their beft houres and moft ferious cares, 
 In chufing out fit Matches for their Heires : 
 So never give Thou over day or houre 
 Till with a Vertue thou haft matcht this power : 
 For what is Greatneffe if not joyn'd with grace ? 
 Like one of High-bloud that hath married Bafe. 
 Who feekes Authority with an Ignorant Eye, 
 Is like a man feekes out his Enemy : 
 For where before his Follies were not fpred 
 Or his corruptions, then theire cleerely read 
 Ee'n by the eyes of all men ; tis fo pure 
 A Criftall of it felfe, it will endure. 
 No poyfon of Oppreffion, Bribes, Hir'd Law, 
 But 'twill appeare foone in fome cracke or flaw. 
 How e're men footh their hopes with Popular breath. 
 If not in Life, they'le finde that crack in Death : 
 I was not made to fawne or ftroake fin fmooth. 
 Bee wife and heare me then that cannot footh : 
 I have fet Thee High now, bee fo in Example, 
 Made thee a Pinacle in Honors Temple, 
 Fixing ten thoufand Eyes upon thy Brow 
 There is no hiding of thy Adions now. 
 They muft abide the Light, and imitate Mee, 
 Or bee throwne downe to Fire where Errors bee. 
 Nor onely with thefe words thy care I feede. 
 But give thofe part that ftiall in Time fucceed, 
 To thee in prefent, and to them to come, 
 That Truth may bring you all with Honour home 
 To thefe your Gates, and to thofe, after thefe. 
 Of which your owne good Aftions Keepe the Keyes; 
 Then as the Loves of thy Society 
 Hath flowde in Bounties on this Day and Thee, 
 Counting all Coft too little for true Art, 
 Doubling rewards there where they found Defert, 
 In Thankefulneffe, Juftice and Vertuous care 
 -J N 
 
458 APPENDIX. 
 
 Perfeft their hopes, thofe thy Requitals are ; 
 With Fatherly Refpefl embrace em all. 
 Faith in thy Heart, and Plenty in thy Hall, 
 Love in thy Walkes, but Juftice in thy State, 
 Zeale in thy Chamber, Bounty at thy Gate : 
 And fo to Thee and thefe a Bleffed Night, 
 To thee Faire Citty, Peace, ray Grace and Light. 
 
 Trumpets founding Triumphantly 
 Zeale, the Champion of Truth on Horfe-backe, his head circled 
 with ftrange Fires, appeares to his Miftrefle, and thus fpeakes : 
 
 See yonder, Lady, Errors Chariot ftands, 
 Braving the Power of your incenft commands, 
 Emboldened by the priviledge of Night 
 And her blacke Faftion, yet to crovfne his Spight 
 Which I'le confound, I burne in Divine wrath. 
 
 Truth. Strike then, I give thee leave to (hoote it forth. 
 
 Zeale. Then here's to the deftruftion of that Seate, 
 
 There's nothing feene of Thee but Fire fliall eate. 
 
 At which, a Flame fhootes from the Head of Zeale, which faftening 
 upon that Chariot of Error fets it on Fire, and all the Beafts that are 
 joynde to it. 
 
 The Fire-worke being made by Maifter Humphrey Nichols, a man 
 
 excellent in his Art : and the whole worke and Body of the Triumph, 
 
 with all the proper Beauties of the Workemanfliip moft Artfully and 
 
 Faithfully performed by John Grinkin : and thofe furnilbed with 
 
 Apparrell and Porters by Anthony Monday, Gentleman. 
 
 This proud Seate of Error lying now onely glowing in Imbers, (being 
 
 a Figure or Type of his Lordfhips Juftice on all wicked offenders 
 
 in the Time of his Governement,) I now conclude, holding 
 
 it a more learned Difcretion to ceafe of my felfe, 
 
 then to have Time cut mee off rudely, 
 
 and now let him ftrike at 
 
 his pleafure. 
 
 The Song. 
 
 Other of many honorable Sonnes, 
 Thinke not thy glafle too flowly runs. 
 That in Times hand is fet, 
 Becaufe thy worthy Sonne appeares not yef. 
 Lady be pleasM the houre growes on, 
 Thy joys will be compleat anon. 
 
 Thou (halt behold. 
 
 The man in-rold 
 I honors-booke whome vertue raifes. 
 
 Love circled, round, 
 
 His tryumphes crownd, 
 With all good wi(hes, prayers and praifes. 
 
APPENDIX. 459 
 
 What greater comfort to a Mothers heart. 
 
 Then to behold her Tonnes Defert : 
 
 Go hand in hand with love, 
 
 Refpeft and Honor (Bleffing from above) 
 
 It is of power all greefes to kill. 
 
 And with a floud of Joy to fill. 
 
 Thy Aged Eyes, 
 
 To fee him rife. 
 With glory deft, where Expeflation 
 
 Grace, Truth and Fame, 
 
 Met in his Name, 
 Attends his Honors Confirmation. 
 
 The Tryumphs of Honor and 
 Induftry. 
 
 A Solemnity performed through the City, 
 
 at Confirmation and eftablifhment of the 
 Right Honorable, George Bowles, 
 
 in the Office of His Majefties Lieuetenant, 
 
 The Lord Mayor of the famous City of London. 
 
 Taking beginning at his Lordfhips going, and proceeding after his Re- 
 
 turne from receiving the Oath of Maioralty at Weftminfter, on 
 
 the morrow next after Simon and ludes day, 
 
 Oftober 29, 161 7. 
 
 London, Printed by Nicholas Okes, 1617. 410. 
 
 To the worthy deferver of all the cofts and triumphs which 
 the noble Society of Grocers in bounteous meafure beftow on 
 him, the Right Honourable George Bowles,* Lord Mayor 
 of the famous City of London. 
 Right Honourable, 
 
 Out of the flighteft labours and employments there may that 
 virtue fometimes arife that may enlighten the beft part of man. Nor 
 have thefe kind of triumphs an idle relifli, efpecially if they be artfully 
 
 • Bowles] Written " BoUes " by Stow and others. 
 
46o APPENDIX. 
 
 accomplifhed : under fuch an efteemed flightnefs may often lurk that 
 fire that may {hame the beft perfeftion. For inftance, what greater 
 means for the imitation of virtue and noblenefs can any where pre- 
 fent itfelf with more alacrity to the beholder, than the memorable 
 fames of thofe worthies in the Caftle, manifefted by their efcutcheons 
 of arms, the only fymbols of honour and antiquity ? The honourable 
 feat that is referved, all men have hope that your juftice and good- 
 nefs will exa6tly merit ; to the honour of which I commend your 
 Lordftiip's virtues remaining, 
 
 At your Honour's Service, 
 
 T. M. 
 
 The Triumphs of Honour and Induftry. 
 
 IT hath been twice my fortune in fhort time to have employment 
 for this noble Society, where I have always met with men of 
 much underftanding, and no lefs bounty ; to whom coft appears but 
 as a fliadow, fo there be fulnefs of content in the performance of the 
 folemnity ; which that the world may judge of, for whofe pleafure and 
 fatisfaftion cuftom hath yearly framed it, but chiefly for the honour of 
 the City, it begins to prefent itfelf ; not without form and order, which 
 is required in the meanefl: employment. 
 
 The firft Invention. 
 
 A company of Indians, attired according to the true nature of 
 their country, feeming for the moft part naked, are fet at work in an 
 Ifland of growingfpices ; fomeplanting nutmeg-trees, fome otherfpice- 
 trees of all kinds ; fome gathering the fruits, fome making up bags of 
 pepper ; every one feverally employed. Thefe Indians are all aftive 
 youths, who, ceafing in their labours, dance about the Trees, both to 
 give content to themfelves and the fpeftators. 
 
 After this fliow of dancing Indians in the Ifland, follows triumph- 
 antly a rich perfonage prefenting India, the feat of Merchandife. This 
 Indian fits on the top of an illuftrious chariot ; on the one fide of her 
 fits TraiBc or Merchandife, on the other fide Induftry, both fitted 
 and adorned according to the property of their natures ; Induftry 
 holding a golden ball, in her hand, upon which ftands a Cupid, figni- 
 fying that induftry gets both wealth and love, and with her afl"ociate 
 Traffic or Merchandife, who holds a globe in her hand, knits love and 
 peace amongft all nations : to the better expreffing of which, if you 
 give attention to Induftry that now fets forwards to fpeak, it will be 
 yours more exadlly. 
 
APPENDIX. 461 
 
 The Speech of Induftry in the Chariot. 
 
 I was jealous of the (hadowing of my Grace, 
 
 But that I know this !s my time and place. 
 
 Where has not Induftry a noble friend f 
 
 In this aflembly even the beft extend 
 
 Their grace and love to me, joy'd or amaz'd : 
 
 Who of true fame poffefs'd, but I have rais'd. 
 
 And after added honours to his days f 
 
 For Induftry is the life-blood of praife : 
 
 To rife without me, is to fteal to glory j 
 
 And who fo abjeft to leave fuch a ftory ? 
 
 It is as clear as light, as bright as truth, 
 
 Fame waits their age whom Induftry their youth. 
 
 Behold this ball of gold, upon which ftands 
 A golden Cupid, wrought with curious hands ; 
 The mighty power of Induftry it (hews, 
 That gets both wealth and love, which overflows 
 With fuch a ftream of amity and peace. 
 Not only to itfelf adding increafe, 
 But feveral nations wheire commerce- abounds 
 Tafte the harmonious peace fo fweetly founds : 
 For inftance, let your gracious eye be fix'd 
 Upon a joy true though fo ftrangely mix'd. 
 
 And that you may take the better note of their adornments 
 
 India, whofe feat is the moft eminent, for her expreffion holds in her 
 hand a wedge of gold ; Traffic, her afTociate, a globe ;, Induftry, a fair 
 golden ball in her hand, upon which ftands a golden Cupid ; Fortune 
 exprefled with a filver wheel ; Succefs holding a painted fhip in a 
 haven j Wealth, a golden key where her heart lies ; Virtue, bearing 
 for her manifeftation a filver fliield ; Grace, holding in her hand a 
 book ; Perfe£tion, a crown of gold. 
 
 At which words, the Pageant of feveral Nations, which is pur- 
 pofely planted near the found of the words, moves with a kind of 
 affeftionate joy both at the honour of the day's triumph and the prof- 
 perity of Love, which by the virtue of Traffic is likely ever to con- 
 tinue ; and for a good omen of the everlafting continuance of it, on 
 the top of this curious and triumphant pageant fhoots up a laurel- 
 tree, the leaves fpotted with gold, about which fit fix celeftial figures, 
 prefenting peace, profperity, love, unity, plenty and fidelity. Peace 
 holding a branch of palm ; Profperity, a laurel ; Love, two joined 
 hands; Unity, turtles ; Plenty, holding fruits ; Fidelity, a filver anchor. 
 But before I entered fo far, I fliould have fhewed you the zeal and 
 love of the Frenchman and Spaniard, which now I hope will not ap- 
 pear unreafonably ; who not content with a filent joy, like the reft of 
 the nations, have a thirft to utter their gladnefs, though underftood of 
 a fmall number ; which is this : 
 
462 APPENDIX. 
 
 The (hort fpeech delivered by the Frenchman in 
 
 French. 
 
 " La multitude m'ayant monte fur ce haut lieu pour contempler le 
 glorieux triomphe de cette journee, je vols qu'en quelque forte la noble 
 dignite de la tres honorable Societe des Grociers y eft reprefentee, dont 
 me jouiflant par-deflus tous, je leur fouhaite et a Monfeigneur le Maire 
 le comble de toutes nobles et heureufes fortunes." 
 
 The fame in Englifh. 
 
 " It is my joy chiefly (and 1 ftand for thoufands), to fee the glory of 
 this triumphant day, which in fome meafure requites the noble worthi- 
 nefs of the honorable Society of Grocers, to whom and to my Lord 
 Mayor I wifli a good fuccefs." 
 
 This Frenchman no fooner fets a period to his fpeech, but the Spa- 
 niard, in zeal as virtuous as he, utters himfelf, to the purpofe of thefe 
 words : — 
 
 The Spaniard's Speech in Spanifti. 
 
 " Ninguna de todas eftas naciones concibe major y verdadera alegria 
 en efte triumfante y gloriofo dia que yo, no, ninguna de todas ellas, 
 porque agora que me parece, que fon tan ricas, es fenal que los de my 
 nacion en tratando con ellas receberan mayor provecho dellas, al my 
 fenior Don Maior todas buenas y dichofas fortunas, y a los de la hon- 
 rada Compania de Efpecieros dichofos deflfeos, y afli dies guarde a my 
 fenior Don Maior, y rogo a Dios que todo el anno figuiente, puede fer 
 tan dichofo como efta entrada fuya, a la dignidad de fu fenoria, guarde 
 dios a fu fenoria." 
 
 The fame in Englifh. 
 
 " None of all thefe Nations conceive more truejoy at this triumphant 
 day than myfelf ; to my Lord Mayor all fair and noble fortunes, and 
 to the worthy Society of Grocers all happy wifhes; and I pray Heaven 
 that all the year following may be as happy and fuccefsful as this firft 
 entrance to your dignity." 
 
 This expreffion of their joy and love having fpent itfelf, I know you 
 cannot part contented without their feveral infcriptions : now the fa- 
 vour and help muft be in you to conceive our breadth and limits, and 
 not to think we can in thefe cuftomary bounds comprehend all the na- 
 
APPENDIX. 463 
 
 tions, but fo many as fliall ferve to give content to the underftander ; 
 which thus produce themfelves : — 
 
 An Englifhman. 
 
 A Frenchman. 
 
 An Irifhman. 
 
 A Spaniard. 
 
 A Turk. 
 
 A Jew. 
 
 A Dane. 
 
 A Polander. 
 
 A Barbarian. 
 
 A Ruffian or Mufcovian. 
 
 This fully exprefled, I arrive now at that part of triumph which my 
 defire ever haftened to come to, this Caftle of Fame or Honour, which 
 Induftry brings her fons unto in their reverend ages. 
 
 In the front of this Caftle, Reward and Induftry, decked in bright 
 robes, keep a feat between them for him to whom the day's honour is 
 dedicated, fliewing how many worthy fons of the City and of the fame 
 Society have, by their truth, defert, and induftry, come to the like 
 honour before him ; where on a fudden is fliewn divers of the fame 
 right worlhipful Society of Grocers, manifefted both by their good go- 
 vernment in their times, as alfo by their efcutcheons of arms, as an 
 example and encouragement (o all virtuous and induftrious defervers in 
 time to come. And in honour of antiquity is fliewn that ancient and 
 memorable worthy of the Grocer's Company, Andrew Bockrill, who 
 was Mayor of London the fixteenth year of Henry the Third, 1231, 
 and fo continued Mayor feven years together; likewife, for the greater 
 honour of the Company, is alfo fliewn in this Caftle of Fame the noble 
 Allen de la Zouche, Grocer, who was Mayor of London the two-and- 
 fiftieth year of the fame Henry the Third, which Allen de la Zouche, 
 for his good government in the time of his Mayoralty, was by the 
 faid King Henry the Third made both a Baron of this Realm and 
 Lord Chief-Juftice of England : alfo that famous worthy. Sir Thomas 
 KnoUes, grocer, twice Mayor of this honourable City, which Sir 
 Thomas begun at his own charge that famous building of Guildhall in 
 London, and other memorable works both in this City and in his own 
 Company ; fo much worthinefs being the luftre of this Caftle, and 
 ought indeed to be the imitation of the beholder. 
 
 My Lord no fooner approaches, but Reward, a partner with Juftice 
 in keeping that feat of honour, as overjoyed at the fight of him, ap- 
 pears too free and forward in the refignation. 
 
464 APPENDIX. 
 
 Reward. 
 
 Welcome to Fame's bright Caftle ! take thy place ; 
 This feat's referv'd to do thy virtues grace. 
 
 Juftice. 
 
 True, but not yet to be poflefs'd. Hear me : 
 Juftice muft flow through him before that be ; 
 Great works of grace muft be requir'd and done 
 Before the honour of this feat be won. 
 A whole year's reverend care in righting wrongs, 
 And guarding innocence from malicious tongues, 
 Muft be employ'd in virtue's facred right 
 Before this place be fiU'd : 'tis no mean fight 
 That wins this palm ; truth, and a virtuous care 
 Of the opprefsed, thofe the loadftones are. 
 That will 'gainft envy's power draw him forth 
 To take this merit in this feat of worth. 
 Where all the memorable worthies ftiine 
 In works of brightnefs able to refine 
 All the beholders' minds, and ftrike new fire, 
 To kindle an induftrious defire 
 To imitate t'neir aftions and their fame, 
 Which to this Caftle adds that glorious name. 
 Wherefore, Reward, free as the air, or light. 
 There muft be merit, or our work's not right. 
 
 Reward. 
 
 If there were any error, 'twas my love ; 
 And if it be a fault tp be too free. 
 Reward commits but once fuch herefy. 
 Howe'er I know your worth will fo extend, 
 Your fame will fill this feat at twelve month's end. 
 
 About this Caftle of Fame are placed many honourable figures, as 
 Truth, Antiquity, Harmony, Fame, Defert, Good Works ; on the 
 top of the Caftle, Honour, Religion, Piety, Commiferation, the works 
 of thofe whofe memories ftiine in this Caftle. 
 
 If you look upon Truth firft, you fliall find her properly expreffed, 
 holding in her right hand a fun, in the other a fan of fl:ars ; Antiquity 
 with a fcroll in her hand, as keeper of Honour's records j Harmony 
 holding a golden lute, and Fame not without her filver trumpet ; for 
 Defert, 'tis glorious through her own brightnefs, but holds nothing ; 
 Good Works, expreffed with a College, or Hofpital. 
 
 On the top of the Caftle, Honour manifefted by a fair ftar in his 
 hand ; Religion with a temple on her head ; Piety with an Altar ; 
 Commiferation with a melting or burning heart. 
 
 And, not to have our fpeakers forgotten, Reward and Juftice, with 
 whom we entered this part of Triumph, Reward holding a wreath of 
 gold ready for a deferver, and Juftice furnilhed with her Sword and 
 Balance. 
 
 All this fervice is performed before the feaft, fome in Paul's Church- 
 
APPENDIX. 465 
 
 yard, fome in Cheapfide ; at which place the whole Triumph meets, 
 both Caftle and Ifland, that gave delight upon the water. And now, 
 as duty binds me, I commend my Lord and his right honourable 
 guefts to the folemn pleafure of the feaft from whence, I prefume, 
 all epicurifm is banifhed j for where honour is mafter of the feaft, 
 moderation and gravity are always attendants. 
 
 The feaft being ended at Guildhall, my Lord, as yearly cuftom 
 invites him, goes, accompanied with the Triumph, towards St. Paul's, 
 to perform the noble and reverend ceremonies which divine antiquity 
 virtuoufly ordained, and is no lefs than faithfully obferved, which is no 
 mean luftre to the City. Holy fervice and ceremonies accompliflied, 
 he returns by torchlight to his own houfe, the whole Triumph placed 
 in comely order before him ; and at the entrance of his gate, Honour, 
 a glorious perfon, from the top of the Caftle, gives life to thefe fol- 
 lowing words : — 
 
 The Speech of Honour from the top of the Caftle, at the entrance 
 of my Lord Mayor's gate. 
 
 Honour. 
 
 There is no human glory or renown. 
 But have their evening and their fure fun-fetting ; 
 
 Which (hews that we fiiould upward feek our crown. 
 And make but ufe of time for our hope's bettering: 
 
 So, to be truly mindful of our own. 
 
 Is to perform all parts of good in one. 
 
 The clofe of this triumphant day is come, 
 
 And Honour (lays to bid you welcome home ; 
 
 All I defire for my grace and good 
 
 Is but to be remember'd in your blood. 
 
 With honour to accompli(h the fair time 
 
 Which power hath put into your hands. A crime 
 
 As great as ever came into fin's hand 
 
 I do entitle a too-fparing hand •. 
 
 Nothing deads honour more than to behold 
 
 Plenty coop'd up, and bounty faint and cold, 
 
 Which ought to be the free life of the year ; 
 
 For bounty 'twas ordain'd to make that clear, 
 
 Which is the light of goodnefs and of fame. 
 
 And puts by honour from the cloud of (hame. 
 
 Great coft and love hath nobly been beftow'd 
 
 Upon thy triumph, which this day hath (hew'd ; 
 
 Embrace 'em in thy heart, till times afford 
 
 Fuller expreffion. In one abfolute word. 
 
 All the content that ever made man bleft, 
 
 This Triumph done, make a triumphant breaft ! 
 
 No fooner the Speech is ended but the Triumph is diffolved, and 
 not poffible to fcape the hands of the defacer ; things that, for their 
 quatntnefs (I dare fo far commend them), have not been ufually feen 
 
 30 
 
466 APPENDIX. 
 
 through the City; the credit of which workmanfliip I muft juftly lay 
 upon the deferts ofMafter Rowland Bucket, chief mafter of the work; 
 yet not forgetting the faithful care and induftry of my well-approved 
 friend, Mafter Henry Wilde, and Mafter Jacob Challoner, partners 
 in the bufinefs. 
 
 The feafon cuts me ofF; and after this day's trouble I am as willing 
 to take my reft. 
 
 London's Tryumph, 
 
 Celebrated the nine and twentieth day of Oilober, in the year 1659. 
 
 In honour of the much honoured, 
 
 Thomas Allen, 
 
 Lord Mayor of the faid City, 
 
 Prefented and perfonated by an European, an Egyptian, and a Perfian. 
 
 And done at the Cofts and Charges of the ever to be 
 
 honoured Company of Grocers, 
 
 By J. TATHAM. 
 
 London: Printed by Thomas Mabb, 1659. 
 
 To the Right Honourable, Thomas Allen, Lord Mayor 
 
 of the City of London. 
 
 My Lord, 
 
 ALTHOUGH I may feem a ftranger to your perfon, I am not 
 fo to your worth and goodnefs, which have fo generally fpread 
 themfelves, theyare rootedin mens hearts and afFe£tions : As the glory 
 of a City, confifts in the Prudence and magnanimity of her Governor ; 
 fo flie ought to be well read and acquainted with his vertues, whom 
 ftie choofeth. This begat fuch acclamations of Joy at your Eledtion : 
 witnefs your Honourable Companies, and indeed (I may fpeak it with- 
 out Flattery) the Voice and Heart of the whole City ; My Lord, thefe 
 motives have induced, or rather encouraged me to make this my 
 Addrefs and Prefentation, not difpairing of your gracious Acceptance ; 
 fince things of this nature have been by ufe, partly made cuftomary : 
 However, I hope, the tranfgreflion (if any) carries not fo ill an Afpe6t, 
 
APPENDIX. 467 
 
 but that it may come within the verge of your candor whereby I may 
 belicenfed to fubfcribe myfelf, My Lord, your Honours moft Humble, 
 and Faithful Servant, 
 
 John Tatham. 
 
 To the Worftiipful Company of Grocers. 
 
 The Commons of Rome conceiving fome diftafl: againft their 
 Senators, under pretence of fome great oppreflion, did in a mutenous 
 manner depart to the Mount Aventine ; but things being brought to 
 a head, by arguments of Reafon and Power, they were reconciled ; 
 And in memory thereof, they celebrated their Games or Tryumphs ; 
 It is alfo reported by Macrobeus that the Romans in the very heat of 
 their Games celebrated to Apollo, were fuddenly invaded, and forced 
 to betake them to their weapons, and returning Conquerours, affifted 
 by an unknown hand j Clouds of Arrows and Darts, having covered 
 their Enemies, they found an old man dancing, and their fports in fome 
 manner continued, whereat with much joy they uttered forth, Salva 
 res eji,faltat fenex, which afterwards became a Proverb, and is pro- 
 perly fpoken when a fudden evill is feconded with a good event, beyond 
 hope or expe£lation. Gentlemen, the inference needs little expla- 
 nation ; tis fufficient Providence affords us that happineffe to return 
 to our Tryumphs, the Glory of the City, an encouragement to Arts, 
 And an Obliger of Gentlemen, your humble Servant, 
 
 John Tatham. 
 
 Londons Triumph 
 
 Prefented by an European, an Egyptian, and a Perfian ; performed 
 at the Cofts and Charges of the ever to be honoured Company of 
 Grocers. Odlober 29, 1659. 
 
 The whole Body appointed for the Service of the day, being met 
 together at Grocers Hall, that is to fay : 
 
 1. The Mailer, Wardens and Afliftants in the Gowns, faced with 
 Foyns, and Hoods. 
 
 2. The Livery in Gowns, faced with Budge, and their Hoods. 
 
 3. The Foyns Batchellors in Gowns with Hoods. 
 
 4. The Budge Batchellors in their Gowns with Satin Hoods. 
 
 5 Gentlemen Ufhers with Gold Chains about their Shoulders, and 
 white Staves in their hands. 
 
 6. Eighteen Trumpeters. 
 
 7. Four Enfigns. 
 
468 APPENDIX. 
 
 8. Fourteen Drums and Fifes. 
 
 9. The Mafter of Defence, and his eight attendants. 
 
 10. The Banners and Standard Bearers in White Coats and Red 
 Caps. 
 
 11. The Pentioners in Blew Gowns and Red Caps, each of them 
 a Javelin in one hand, and a Target in the other, wherein is painted 
 the feveral coats of arms of the Aldermen, Afliftants, and Benefadtors. 
 
 12. The Foot-Marfhall and fix attendants, in Fuftion Dublets and 
 White Stockins. 
 
 13. Four Pages with White Hats and Caflacks, each of them a 
 Truntion in one hand and a Target in the other, wherein is painted 
 the coats of arms of the prefent Mafter and Wardens. 
 
 About eight of the Clock the faid Foot-Marfhall Ranks out the 
 faid Company two by two, beginning 
 
 1 . With the faid Pentioners, after them the Standard and Banner 
 Bearers, and in the front of the faid Pentioners, placeth four Drums, 
 Two Fifes, and two Enfigns. 
 
 2. In the fecond Divifion falls in fix Drums, two Fifes more, and 
 two other Enfignes ; after them falls in fix Gentlemen Ufhers, and 
 after them the Budge Batchellors. 
 
 3. In the third Divifion fals in fix Trumpets, after them the Ban- 
 ners of S' George, in the rear of which fals in eight more of the Gen- 
 tlemen Ufliers, and after them the Foynes Batchellors. 
 
 4. In the fourth Divifion, fals in fix other Trumpets, after them 
 the Companies Banners, in the rear of which, fals in ten other of the 
 Gentlemen Ufliers, and after them the Livery. 
 
 5. In the fifth Divifion, fals in fix other Trumpets, after them the 
 Lord Mayors and Cities Banners, after them ten other Gentlemen 
 Ufliers, and after them the Afliftants. 
 
 6. In the fixt and laft Divifion, fals in foure Pages, each of them a 
 Truntion in one hand, and a Target in the other ; wherein is painted 
 the coats of arms of the prefent Mafter and Wardens, after them fals 
 in eight other Gentlemen Ufhers, and after them the prefent Mafter 
 and Wardens. 
 
 In this Equipage of Ranks two by two, they march from Grocers- 
 hall towards the Lord Mayors houfe, the Foot Marfliall and his At- 
 tendants removing, the firft two Enfignes, foure Drums and two 
 Fifes next the Mafter and Wardens, placing himfelf and his Attendants 
 in the front, doe lead the way, till either they meet his Lordfliip or 
 come to his Gate ; and then removing the faid Enfignes, Drums, and 
 Fifes to their firft place or head of the Pentioners, placing himfelf in 
 the front; they led back down Cornhill and the Old-Jury, by Guild- 
 Hall-Gate, there taking in the old Lord Mayor, do march up Law- 
 
APPENDIX. 469 
 
 rence Lain, down Soper Lain, Cloak Lain, CoUedge Hill; and at the 
 foot of the faid Hill, the faid Pentioners, Standard, andBanner bearers, 
 doe open to the right and left, making a Gallory, through which the 
 Budge and Foynes Batchellors, doe pafs to the place affigned for them 
 to dine at, the Livery, Affiftants, the Mafter, the Wardens, and 
 their attendant ufliers (except Pages) together with their Trumpets 
 pafs through the faid Gallory to Merchant Taylor Stairs (at the Eaft 
 end of Three-Crain Wharf) into their feveral Barges. 
 
 The Lord Mayors, Aldermen and their Attendants into their Barge ; 
 and being fo, all convenient fpeed is made towards Weftminfter by 
 them and the feverall Copipanies of London, in Barges adorned with 
 Streamers and Banners, Wind-Mufick, Drums, and Trumpets, where 
 by the way feverall peeces of Ordnance are difcharged ; but the Ban- 
 ner and Standard Bearers, with the Pentioners, Pages, Drums, Fifes, 
 Enfignes, Foot Marlhall and his Attendants repaire towards Bay- 
 nards Caftle, there waiting his Lordfhips and the Companies return. 
 
 The Companies being landed they fet themfelves as a Guard on 
 both fides, from Weftminfter Bridge round Weftminfter Hall, through 
 which the Company of Grocers do pafs, likewife the Lord Mayor, 
 Aldermen and their Attendants, but the Livery and their Attendants 
 doe return to their Barge, the Affiftants the Mafter and Wardens, and 
 their feverall Attendants march upthe Chequer Staires, making aGuard 
 from the Chequer Barr to the Stayrs head, through which the Lord 
 Mayor and Aldermen doe pafle (the newLord Mayor on the right, the 
 old on the left of theRecorder toward the faidBarr) and after a Speech 
 made by the faid Recorder, fhewing the caufe of their addreffes & 
 anfwer made by the Lord Cheif-Baron, his Lordfliip is Sworn ; and 
 being fo, the Company fall in as before, leading to the Chancery, the 
 Upper-Bench, and the Common-Pleas Barrs, Seales a Writ at each 
 Court, and prefently the whole Body marcheth to their Barges, and 
 being entered and the feverall Barges on floate, the former Ordnance 
 (as a token of Joy) are again difcharged, all convenient fpeed being 
 likewife made by that body towards Baynards Caftle ; but the feverall 
 Companies to Pauls Wharfe, and other places, in order to their mak- 
 ing of a Guard or Gallory from the top of Pauls Wharfe, or Pauls 
 Chaine Hill, through Pauls Church Yard, Cheap-fide, Cornhill, and 
 Leaden-hall-ftreet, to his Lordfliips Houfe ; through which faid Gallory 
 the Company of Grocers, the Lord Mayor, Aldermen and their At- 
 tendants are to pafle. 
 
 The Lord Mayor, Aldermen and their Attendants being landed at 
 the forefaid place ; doe meet the Foot Marfhall, the Drums, Fifes, 
 Trumpets, Enfignes, Silk-worke, Pentioners, Pages, Gentlemen 
 
470 APPENDIX. 
 
 Ufliers, Budge and Foynes Bachellers, fet in order as at firft, and 
 ready to march, and placing himfelf and Company in the front, marcheth 
 up Pauls Wharfe-hill through Pauls Church Yard intoCheap-fide, and 
 between Fofter and Gutter Laine is faluted by one Sceane, flankt with 
 two Griffins, on the back of one is placed a Negar, on the other an 
 Indian with Banners in the hands of both : The Sceane reprefenteth 
 Commerce in the figure of a young man fitting under a Canopy, fup- 
 ported by foure figures or young perfons, holding Pendants and Sheilds 
 in their hands, wherein is painted the badges of the foure parts of the 
 World ; his Lordfhip drawing nigh the faid Sceane, Commerce 
 falutes him in thefe words : — 
 
 The firfb Speech. 
 
 My Lord, 'tis thought the World was but a Plain 
 
 Levell, or Champion, whil'ft men did remain 
 
 In Idlenefs, the Nurfe of Ignorance ; 
 
 Which lulls mens braines, in a Lethergean Trance ; 
 
 At th' laft Neceffity feem'd to infufe 
 
 In them the art of Architeft, the ufe 
 
 Of Huts and Houfes ; every one began 
 
 To (hew himfelf or more, or lelTe a man. 
 
 Left their wilde kinde of living, and did build 
 
 Cities for fafety, in the which they held, 
 
 A civiliz'd coraunication, each 
 
 By a Divine inftinft the Arts did teach j 
 
 Nor did they perifli when the World was drown'd 
 
 Their Hyrogliphicks were in Pillars found. 
 
 That by degrees fucceeding ages did 
 
 Reveale to one another fecrets hid ; 
 
 Which though before were feeds in them, yet they 
 
 Shew'd not untill Experience taught the way. 
 
 Then did the Navigator fearch the Mayne, 
 
 How to fteere forth, how to return again 
 
 With prize and fafety ? ftraight that art was hurld. 
 
 Into our lap, the center of the world, 
 
 By divine hand ; that we in a (hort time. 
 
 Made ourfelves countrymen of every clymb. 
 
 Searching the fpacious Univerfe, our flcill. 
 
 And courage did the mouth of wonder fill, 
 
 Riding on dangers neck, as though t'were meant. 
 
 We (hould be Lords of the whole Continent. 
 
 Such were our darings, that, what Hiftories 
 
 Forgot to fpeak of our difcoveries. 
 
 Greenland, Lapland, Michar, Ifles remote 
 
 And many more, which later times denote. 
 
 Unto our Countryes glory, we made ours, 
 
 By the direflion of fore-leeing Powers : 
 
 Thus are we nourifh't from the breads encreafe ; 
 
 Could we among our felves but mediate peace. 
 
 The antient Poets Pyramids of praife. 
 
 Did to the Honour of their Countryes rayfe. 
 
 In all my reading, or my travells (Sir) 
 
 I muft our own above the reft preferr. 
 
 For as th' Magnetique courts the Adamant 
 
 With her Simphatick faculty, the want 
 
APPENDIX. 471 
 
 of whofe Aflbtiation makes her feem 
 Ufeleffe, regardlefle, as of fmall efteeme; 
 So we from moft parts of the Univerfe 
 Are fought, rather petitioned for Commerce. 
 Traffique brings profit, towards which they bend. 
 As though their welfare did on ours depend : 
 Thus doe we (Sir) ftill by our patriots care, 
 Or'etake their riches at their full Carreire. 
 My Lord, you are our Cities Hope, whereon 
 She doth rely, her Father and her Son j 
 Shee gave you breath, and education too, 
 Which made you fit for whats conferr'd on you : 
 Then fince th' extention of her Love was fuch ; 
 Your care of Her, cannot be fhewn too much : 
 Which, as Shee doubts not of, fo we rejoyce. 
 And celebrate Your Triumphs in Her Voice. 
 
 The Speech ended, the Scene quits the place, and (haftning towards 
 his Lordlhips Houfe) is placed in the rear of a Ship, not yet vifible to 
 his Lordfliip, and his Lordfhip, the Aldermen and their attendants 
 pafs through Cheap-Side, and the Poultry ; towards the Exchange 
 they meet another Scean, reprefentingfeveral of the places or countries, 
 in which the commodities belonging to the Grocers trade doe grow, 
 and the natives difporting therein, in habits of each Nation ; on one 
 part of the faid Stage is placed a Clove Tree, in another a Nutmeg 
 Tree, and a Current Tree, in another part thereof is planted Rice, 
 Rafons, Figgs, and Druggs ; and in the Front is placed or fixed a 
 Crockodile, with an Egyptian on his back, a banner in his hand, at 
 each Angle of the Stage a Nymph ; when his Lordfhip draws nigh, 
 the Egyptian falutes him in thefe words : — 
 
 The Second Speech. 
 
 Where am I ? What aufpicious wind convey'd 
 Me to this IlTe ? what fudden thoughts invade 
 My faculties ? Egyptian darknefs, hence ; 
 I now difcern the caufe and th' influence ; 
 It was the foft and winning breath of Fame, 
 Fanning the way unto the honoured name 
 Of him, that this days Tryumphs wait upon. 
 Wafted me hither, and hath put me on 
 This bold attempt. My Lord, all Nations are 
 Boimd to this Seat, and muft Concenter here 
 In point of Traffique ; other parts but ftand 
 Like marginal Notes, direfting to this Land. 
 Or, as in times paft Mercurie's Statues were 
 Fixt in high-wayes by th' hand of Publique care. 
 To point at confequents, this little Round 
 Is in itfelf a World ; Iftmus and Sound, 
 Memphis no more of your fain'd Rampiers boaft ; 
 Lyfljone your Tagus, Caria your Coaft j 
 Perfia, Scythia, Parthia, Thratia, 
 Lydia, Syria, Syberia, Cafpia, 
 Ty up your numerous glories, with your Tongue, 
 
472 APPENDIX. 
 
 That heretofore the wanton mufes Aing 5 
 For in this Inch of Earth's comprized more. 
 Than all the Poets fancid yours before. 
 It is our wifhes (Sir) your belov'd name, 
 May adde a breathing to the breath of Fame ; 
 To found you Great and Good, that your juft Fate 
 May fix you a firm Pillar to this State : 
 May you in Her, and She in you this Year, 
 Propitious be, as th' motion of a Sphere. 
 
 The Speech ended, this Scene likewife quits the place, and is con- 
 veyed through Leaden-hall Street toward his Lordfhips Houfe, where 
 meeting with the former, is divided into two parts; that Stage whereon 
 the Spaniards and Negars are, being placed on the right hand of Com- 
 merce, the Perfians and Indians on the Left, and the Griffins flanking 
 of each ; In the front is placed the Ship, and on the right wing thereof 
 is the Crockodile placed, and on the left a Camel, with a Negar on 
 his back, having a Pendent in the one hand, and with the other takes 
 out of his Dorcers, Cloves, Currence, and other Fruit, and throws 
 among the people ; and on the head of that Stage Hands one in a 
 Perfian habit, with two Attendants on each fide : The feveral Scenes 
 thus placed, and his Lordfhip with the Aldermen and their Attendants 
 coming nere, the Mariners prefented his Lordfliip with this Song : — 
 
 The Marriners Song. 
 
 Since the bleffings we reap, 
 
 By Hazard grows cheap ; 
 And that we are now within Ken, boyes ; 
 
 Let's caft Anchor here. 
 
 No City more freer, 
 To Harbour fuch Jovial Men boyes : 
 Then merily fing, and as merily quaf't 
 Let's drink up the Riches of th' World in a draught. 
 
 The Song ended, the Foot Marfhal with his Company, and likewife 
 the Pentioners, being come nere to the Lord Mayor's doore,TheFoot 
 Marflial placeth the faid Pentioners in a fingle File, on the North fide 
 the faid Street, and caufeth every man to hang his Target on the top 
 of his Javelin, then openeth the remaining part of the faid Company 
 to the right and left, himfelf and the Company pafleth through, till 
 they come to the Matters and Wardens, and then marcheth them, and 
 the whole body through that intervail, placing the Mafter at the Lord 
 MayorsGate, and the whole body fucceffively, on the wing each of other, 
 before the faid Pentioners, and the drums, fifes, trumpets, enfignes, 
 banners and ftreamer bearers, in equall divifions as a Front Guard 
 before them, who as the Lord Mayor, Aldermen, and their Attendants 
 pafs, do each one perform his part ; but the Lords being come nere. 
 
APPENDIX. 473 
 
 the Scenes being placed as aforefaid, the perfon reprefenting a Perfian 
 Merchant, makes his addrefs in this manner :— 
 
 The Third Speech. 
 
 My Lord, 
 The European Traveller with Experienc'd Keyes 
 Open'd the Gate to his Difcoveries, 
 Shewing th' effentiall fpecies of Commerce 
 The very hinges to the Univerfe. 
 The Egyptian feem'd in his difcourfe to Treate 
 Of places, and for Trade made this the Seate. 
 And now My Lord to amplify what they 
 Before have Spoke, the Candid Winds this day 
 Set me on Shore, as though the Twins had known, 
 What Tryumphs to your Honour would be (hewn. 
 The Marriners their feverall voices reare 
 For Joy they, fafely have arrived here ; 
 And brought their Veffel to their wiih't for homci 
 Laden with Eafterne Treafure, Spice and Gum ; 
 The Dulcid Trees, whofe fubfta'nces do bear, 
 Heart pleafing Synamon, Cloves, Mace Nutmeggs are 
 From fam'd Arabia brought, likewife from thence. 
 Comes Cafia, Myrrh, and precious Frankinfence, 
 From Pharo Figgs, Zant Currans ; Maligo 
 Affords you Reafons ; Dates and Pepper grow 
 In other places ; Sugar and what not 
 But brings a benefit unto this Spot. 
 The Manner how they grow (my Lord) you'l fee 
 In th' perfeft figure of each' branch and tree. 
 Then Sena, Rhuberb, China, Rootes that doe 
 Not only purify, but ftrengthen too, 
 Sarfaparella, Aggrick, then comes in 
 Storax, Aloes, Indico, Benjamin, 
 And hundreds more, that th' Indies and the Streights 
 Heape in to add unto your wealth by freights. 
 As though the Company of which y'are free 
 With your own Trade twifted Society , 
 In their Commerce and profits doubtles ib 
 And may that linck and firme affeftion flow 
 T'inrich this Citie, that the nation may 
 Participate the conifort of this day ; 
 For (Sir) the caufes our difturbance bred 
 Are now compofed, rage arid fiiry fled 
 To their dark celles ; That by your light we move 
 The fecond Subjeft of our Hopes and Love, 
 May to th' addition of your name and Blood 
 Be attributed all that fame fpeaks good ; 
 That fo your praifes may like lynes from hence. 
 The center, fill the worlds circumference. 
 
 The Speech ended, and my Lords and their Company within the 
 Gate ; the Foot Marfliall ranks the whole body as before ; and placing 
 himfelf and Attendants in the front, do lead towards Grocers Hall, and 
 the Sceanes or Pageants make what hafte or fpeed they poflibly can 
 after them, 
 
 3P 
 
474 APPENDIX. 
 
 From th' Indies and th' Stieights, 
 
 We come with full freight, 
 
 To add to your Wealth, 
 
 Your Pleafure and Health, 
 
 Ingrediences fuch. 
 
 Would puzle one much ; 
 To fearch out their Natures, and define their naines : 
 For their growth, and their places ; 
 Hard things, as the cafe is. 
 Ye muft travell further than th' River of Thames. 
 
 ^. 
 
 Your Currans from Zant, 
 
 When your Worlhips want. 
 
 Come flying as wood. 
 
 In Veffels io good : 
 
 And Reafon you know 
 
 Come from Maligo ; 
 Dates, Figs, Cloves, and Nutmegs, with Sugar and Rice ; 
 The Pepper, and Ginger, 
 That nofe tolling twinger, 
 Then Synamon and Mace and other rich Spice. 
 
 3- 
 
 Then Cafia and Myrrh, 
 
 We next muft prefer. 
 
 With fine Franckingfenfe, 
 
 That doth coft you pence : 
 
 Then fweet Benjamine 
 
 Doth draw Storax in 
 With Sena, and China, and Rhuberb fo good : 
 All the next I can tell a, 
 Is Sarfaparella 
 Which ftrengthens the Body and cleanfeth the blood. 
 
 This was an Entertainment to the Committee Appointed for Carry- 
 ing on the Charge of the whole bufinefle ; and prefented before them 
 on Thurfday night laft at Grefham CoUedge. 
 
 Although the Gentleman whofe fingular judgment defigned and 
 modelled the feveral Fabricks, Stru£lures and Sceanes of this days 
 Tryumph, defired to have his name concealed; I hold it a piece of 
 prejudice to omit theirs imployed by him, in the performance thereof; 
 as Capt. Andrew Dakers and Mr. William Lightfoot, painters : Mr. 
 Thomas Whiting, joyner : Mr. Richard Clear, carver^ each of them 
 in their qualities deferving ample commendations. 
 
APPENDIX. 475 
 
 London's Tryumphs 
 
 Prefented in feveral delightful! Scaeenes, both on the 
 
 Water and Land, and celebrated in Honour 
 
 to the defervedly honored, 
 
 S" John Frederick, Knight and Baronet, 
 
 Lord Mayor of the City of London, 
 
 At the Cofts and Charges of the Worfliipfull Company of Grocers, 
 
 JOHN TATHAM. 
 
 London, Printed by Thomas Mabb, living on Pauls WharfF next 
 
 door e to the ?iigne oi i\\& ?>\Ajp. 1661. 
 
 To the Right Honorable S" John Frederick, Knight and Baronet, 
 Lord Mayor of the City of London. My Lord, Encouraged by your 
 own worth and candor, and the ufuall Cuftome of fuch prefentations, 
 I prefume to dedicate this my endeavours to your Lordfhip ; hoping 
 to find the like favourable acceptation from your Honour, as your 
 noble Predeceflbrs were pleafed to afford me in their time ; which will 
 aflure me, My Lord, your honours moft Humble and Faithful! 
 Servant, John Tatham. 
 
 To the Worfliipfull the Company of Grocers. Gentlemen, I had 
 the honour to ferve you in the time of S' Thomas Aliens Majoralty, 
 and the happinefs that followed it, was the blefled refl:oration of his 
 Majefty which not only brought peace to the nation, but hath added 
 Glory to your Company, in that his Maj efty hath vouchfafed to become 
 a Member thereof ; and the firft King that ever fet fuch an eflimation 
 upon you, as the reward of your Loyalty; which Chronicles will take 
 notice of, and render you famous to pofterity, whofe ever flourifliing 
 condition is the Cordial wifhes of. Gentlemen, your obedient Servant, 
 
 John Tatham. 
 
 London's Tryumphs, prefented in feveral delightfull Scaenes, both 
 on the Water and Land. My obfervation hath difcovered that the 
 Pallates of fome perfons have difrelliflit the ordering and marfhalling 
 
476 APPENDIX. 
 
 of the Companies, as a thing common and unneceflary to be inferted, 
 when they are extreamly miftaken ; for every year there is fome alte- 
 ration in their perambulations ; and it is a great help to the Companies, 
 to know how to move, which without order would be prepofterous, 
 and feveral other pertinent properties relating to the diftindi: Com- 
 panies ; Befides, as this City is the Mother, others but Daughters, by 
 rules of reafon, the Daughter Cities ought to know how their Mother 
 flourifheth, and in what ftate fhe carrieth herfelf, that they may imitate 
 (like dutifull Children in their way) to fet forth the Glory of our 
 Nation. And therefore fince it is a rediculous Cavill, I fliall trouble 
 you no further, but refer you to the bufihefle of the day. 
 
 The Mornings. 
 
 About eight of the Clock at Grocers Hall, (to attend his Lordfliip 
 by order) meet, i. The Mafler, Wardens and Affiftants in their 
 Gowns, faced with Foyns, with their Hoods. 2. The Livery in their 
 Gowns faced with Budge, and their Hoods. 3. The Batchellours, 
 part thereof in Gowns faced with Foyns, and part of them in Gowns 
 faced with Budge, and both of them with Damaflc Hoods. 4. Fifty 
 Gentlemen Ufhers in Plufli Coats, each of them a Gold Chain about 
 his Shoulder, and a White StafFe in his Hand. 5. Twelve other 
 Gentlemen for carrying Banners and Colours, Nine of them in Plulh 
 Coats, each of them a Crimfon ScarfF about his Sboulder ; the Ban- 
 ners are, the Kings, the Duke of Yorkes, S' George's, the Lord 
 Mayor's, the Duke of Albemarles, S'^ Thomas Foots, S' Thomas 
 Aliens, S'' William Wildes, Recorder, the Cities, the Grocers, and 
 foure others. 6. Thirty fix Trumpets, the Serjeant Trumpet with 
 his ScarfF of his Lordfhips Colours, and of a Crimfon about his Shoul- 
 der, and a Leading StafF in his hand. 7. Foureteen Drums, the 
 Drum Mayor with a Crimfon Scarff about his Wafle, his Leading 
 StafF in his hand, and three Fifes with Banners. 8. The Foot Marfhal, 
 with the like ScarfFs over his Shoulder, and fix Attendants without 
 ScariFs. 9. The Mafler of Defence with the like ScarfF, his ten 
 Attendants without Scarves. 10. Foure Pages in Plufh Coats, each 
 of them a Truncheon in one hand, in the other a Target, wherein is 
 painted either the Coat of Arms of the prefent Mafler, or Wardens. 
 
 11. Forty five Pentioners, or Porters in Red Coates and Copped 
 Capps, each imployed in carrying Banners, Standers, Streamers. 
 
 12. Ninety other Pentioners or Poor People in Red Gownds, Flat 
 Caps, and White Sleeves, each of them bearing a Javeling in one 
 hand, and a Target in the other. Thefe are the Perfons appointed for 
 the Service of the Day, who being met at the time and place aforefaid. 
 
APPENDIX. 477 
 
 Divifion 6. The Foot Marfliall ranks them out two by two ; begin- 
 ning with the Pentioners, in Gownes, and in the front of them, placeth 
 the Companies Enfignes, foure Drums and one Fife which we call the 
 fixt or moft inferior Divifion. Divifion 5. In the Reare of them, 
 falls in fix Drums and one Fife ; after them, the feveral Pentioners in 
 Coats, bearing feverall Banners and Standards ; after them fix Trum- 
 pets, after them the Griffin and Camell, Enfignes, fix Gentlemen 
 Ufliers, after them the Budge Batchellors, which conclude the fifth 
 Divifion. Divifion 4. In the Reare of thofe fall fix Trumpets, after 
 them two Gentlemen bearing two Banners, the one of the Cities, the 
 other of the Recorders Arms ; after them follow eight Gentlemen 
 Ufliers, and then the Foynes Batchellors which make up the fourth 
 Divifion. Divifion 3. In the Reare thereof falls, firft the Kings 
 Drum Major, and foure other of the King's Drums and Fife, after 
 them two Gentlemen Ufliers bearing two Banners ; the one S' 
 Thomas Foots Arms, the other S' Thomas Alleyn ; after them ten 
 Gentlemen Ufliers, habited as is fet down before, and after them the 
 Livery; this we term the third Divifion. Divifion 2. In the Reare 
 of thefe, fall eight Trumpets ; to wit, the Duke of Yorks, and the 
 Dukeof Albemarles Servants, after them two Gentlemen, bearing the 
 Banners of the Lord Mayor, and the Duke of Albemarle, Twelve 
 Gentlemen Ufliers appointed as aforefaid follow them, and then the 
 Gentlemen or Court of Affifl:ance; thefe conclude the fecond Divifion. 
 Divifion i . In the Rear of them fals the Serjeant Trumpet, after him 
 fixteen other of the Kings Trumpets & Kettle Drums, after them 
 three other Gentlemen, bearing the Kings, thie Duke of Yorks and 
 S' George's Banner, after them fourteen Gentlemen Ufhers ; to follow 
 them are appointed four pages, and after them the Mafter and War ■ 
 dens, which conclude the firft and chief Divifion. In this Equipage, 
 they march from Grocers Hall down the Old Jury, beginning with the 
 Pentioners untill the Marfliall comes to the Lord Mayors doore, and 
 there makes a hault, till his Lordfliip and the Aldermen are mounted. 
 Which being done, the whole Body move towards Guild-hall and fo 
 up S' Lawrence Lane : and at Guild-hall Gate, the New Lord Mayor 
 joyneth with the Old Lord Mayor and his attendants, fo all of them 
 march down Soper-laine and CoUedge-hill to three Craine-Wharfe, 
 and then the Lord Mayor, Aldermen and their attendants at the Weft 
 end of the faid Wharfe take their Barge, the Court of Affiftants, the 
 Livery and the Gentlemen Ufliers of thofe three divifions at the Eaft 
 end of the faid Wharfe, take their Barge. The foynes and Budge 
 Batchellors, Gentlemen Ufliers, and Gentlemen bearing nine Colours 
 repaire to the place of their repofe, where they wait his Lordfliips 
 return from Weftminfter. The other foure Enfignes, the Pentioners 
 
478 APPENDIX. 
 
 bearing the feverall fort of Silk-works, together with the other Peti- 
 tioners, and the Foot Marfhall repair to Baynards Caftle. The Lord 
 Mayors, the Grocers, and the feveral Companies Barges haften for 
 Weftminfter, and neer the Temple, his Lordfliip is accofted by a Ship 
 or Veflel rigg'd and mann'd, floating in a Calm neer the head of which 
 is placed Galatea, a Sea Nimph, drawn in a Sea Chariot by two 
 Dolphins, upon whofe backs are feated two Nimphs, playing on 
 Harps, reprefenting Syrenes. In the Reare of which are placed two 
 Sea Lyons riding on the furface of the Water, and on their backs two 
 Trytons playing on retorted Pipes or Homes antique, agreeable with 
 the Mufick of Neptune. 
 
 On the Flancks of the fame Ship are feen feverall other Trytons 
 wantoning in the Water. His Lordfliip drawing neere, the Boat- 
 fwaine of the Ship with all fpeed makes towards him, & gives order 
 in thefe words : 
 
 The Boatfwains Speech. 
 
 Lore your Top Sayle upon the Cap, haule up your Forefaile, and 
 Mayn in the Brayles ; away aloft, and furle the Mayne Sayles. 
 
 Stand ready by the Anchor 
 Let go your (lien Penter, 
 And hold faft your Stopper 
 Whilft our Captain fpeaks proper. 
 
 The Marriner having done obeyfance to his Lordfliip, the Captaine 
 of the Ship Salutes his Lordfliip in thfe words. 
 
 The Captains Speech. 
 
 My Lord, 
 
 Inftrufted not by Art, but Truth, We bow 
 To your Deferts, Fame hath been Herauld too. 
 Honour's a Mark for Envy, where the bad 
 Weigh not the Caufe, but the Advancement had : 
 And vent their venome 'gainft the Perfon feated. 
 However He with virtue be compleated. 
 Such are the Brats of Ignorance, that do 
 Cry down fuch Merrit, they cann't reach unto ; 
 But 'tis their Curfe, for in another fenfe 
 They are receiv'd. No truth can come from thence. 
 So that the Good Man is as far above 
 Their Malice, as he doth tranfcend their love ; 
 The fober, well advifed man, will ftrive 
 To Trail your Virtue firft, and then to thrive ; 
 That when by Emulation he doth grow 
 Up to your parts, he may finde Honour too ; 
 Thus the refined Souls ever rejoyce. 
 When as true Worth is more then common choice. 
 And in that (Sir) you have the happinelTe 
 
APPENDIX. 479 
 
 To be received in the Arms of Peace, 
 
 Wars ruder hand that lately did difturbe 
 
 The quiet Seas, and our Free Traffique curb, 
 
 Time has cut off, the Merchants veffels ride 
 
 On th' bofome of the IVIain in State and Pride ; 
 
 About whofe ribs the Wanton Sea Nymphs fport 
 
 And fing them fafe unto their wiftied Port. 
 
 Big womb'd with Riches ; whofe delivery 
 
 Paffeth the hand o' th' Faftours Midwifry. 
 
 Such are th' effefls of Peace, whofe fofter Palm, 
 
 Not the Seas onely, but our Mindes do Calm : 
 
 And the true caufe from whence fuch bleffings fpring 
 
 Is the Reftoring of Our Gracious King, 
 
 Stars may be aptly faid (fometims) to roame 
 
 And yet forget not to revifit home j 
 
 The Sun that leaves us wrapt in clouds of Night, 
 
 Next day revives us with his heat and light ; 
 
 So though (a white) Egyptian Mifts did rife. 
 
 And with their violent Philme curtain'd our Eyes, 
 
 From the indulgent Rayes of Majefty, 
 
 Th' are now difpers'd, and we do gladly fee. 
 
 And find the Comfort of His Royal Beams, 
 
 Which not obliquely, but direftly ftreams 
 
 Upon his Subjefls j how can then but Trade 
 
 Flourifti, when fuch a blefled Unions made : 
 
 Th' encreafe of which the Sea men wifh unto 
 
 This City, th' Grocers Company and you. 
 
 The Speech ended his Lordfhips Barge makes towards Weft- 
 minfter with the other Attendant Barges, and in his way is enter- 
 tained by 30 piece of ordnance ; the aforefaid Ship, Furniture, and 
 annexed Sceans return, and are received at the place where the Ship 
 firft lanched, and from thence are conveyed through Pauls Church- 
 yard into Cheapfide, where they make a ftand near S' Lawrence 
 Lane. 
 
 His Lordfhip, the Aldermen, the Company of Grocers, and the 
 other Companies landing at Weftminfter have a lane made them, 
 through which the pafs to the Hall, and there having performed 
 feveral Ceremonial Duties and Obligations, as an Oath to be true 
 and faithfuU to his Majefly and Government eftablifhed, fealing of 
 Writs in the Courts there held, taking leave of the Lord Chancellor, 
 Barons of the Exchequer, &c. and doing fome charitable office to the 
 poor of that place, return to their feveral Barges, a Lane (as before) 
 being made for their paflage to the water-fide, and there imbarge and 
 make towards Baynards Caftle, and in the way is faluted by 30 pieces 
 of ordnance more, placed on the Bank-fide for that purpofe, as a 
 token of the Cities and Companies congratulation of his Mayoralty. 
 
 His Lordfliip with thofe attend him, the Companies &c. land at 
 Pauls Wharffe, where he and they are received by a Gallery of the 
 aforefaid Batchelors and Gentlemen-Ufhers, who went not to Weft- 
 
48o APPENDIX. 
 
 minfter ; and likewife the Penfioners and Silk Works being fet in 
 order ready to march, the Foot-Marflial leads the way up Pauls 
 WharfFe-hill through the South Church-yard of S' Pauls ; and near 
 S' Pauls School his Lordfliip is entertained by another Sceane repre- 
 fenting the Temple of Janus. This Sceane is flanckt with two 
 Griffins, and on thofe Griffins fit two perfons, each bearing a 
 banner in the one hand, in the other a Sheild. 
 
 Janus fits in the Temple, 
 
 On his head he wears a Crown in the manner of a Globe, part 
 Celeftial and part Terreftriall, alluding to the revolution of the year, 
 his head of hair thin and lanck, but white, his beard broad and long, 
 as he fuppofed to be father of Time ; his garment part purple, part 
 ruflet, clofe girt, in one hand a Scepter, in the other a Plough-fliear, 
 the one relating to his Kingly office, the other to his knowledge in 
 Tilladge. He is figured with two faces alluding to his wifdome, that 
 judgeth by things paft what will enfue: On the forehead of the face 
 direfted to the Lord Mayor is fixt a Starre, on his breaft another of 
 more magnitude relating to his Deification. About that part of the 
 Garment Purple feveral fmall Starres ; on that of Ruflet fomething 
 alluding to Plenty, the fruits of Peace. About the bafis of the Temple 
 lye Drums unbraced, Colours furl'd, armes layd down; At the four 
 angles thereof fit four perfons. Votaries to peace, habited in white 
 with green mantles and filver fringe, relating to the Kings Colburs 
 when he was Prince ; in the one hand they bear a Banner or Sheild, 
 in the other a Branch of Palme : their heads are circled with Laurel. 
 
 His Lordfliip drawing near, Janus addreflfeth himfelf in thefe words : 
 
 I Janus am, once King of Italy, 
 
 Some doe fuppofe me Noah's' fon to be. 
 
 Others the Upper World," or Heaven, becaufe. 
 
 My diftates propagated Natures Lawes ; 
 
 I firfl: inftrufted how to till the Earth, 
 
 And gave to fweet Society a Birth j 
 
 The injur'd Father' from th' injurious Son 
 
 I (helter'd when his fortunes were undone, 
 
 By which I gai^i'd the Attribute to be 
 
 Father of Time* and Princely Amity, 
 
 Lord of the years circumlocution 
 
 That ftill returneth where it firft began. 
 
 My Wifdome and my Providentiall care 
 
 Created generally both Love and Fear. 
 
 The Romans, the Worlds Conquerors, did hold 
 
 My Name in fuch high Reverence, they inroU'd 
 
 Japhet. Cicero. ' Virgil in his Georgicks. 
 
 Saturn driven out of Crete by Jupiter. * Saturn is fo called. 
 
APPENDIX. 481 
 
 Me in the number of their Gods, and by 
 
 Their Edifts did (unto my memory, 
 
 Which they accounted facred) confecrate 
 
 A Temple, fliould allude unto their Fate, 
 
 Figur'd with double Face I am to Ihew 
 
 I by preterite things future doe know, 
 
 Or can fore-fee ; Tipe of Experience, 
 
 Of Caution, Courage, and Intelligence j 
 
 And all thefe Epithites, but calculate 
 
 The Hyroglyphick of a Magiftrate, 
 
 Which doe remain in you, your wifdome, years. 
 
 By what is paft, can prevent future fears. 
 
 And kill thofe Cocatrices in their fliell 
 
 That dare againft the Sun Spit or Rebel, 
 
 As th' Jiving Members of our Bodies doe, 
 
 United, Yeild a contribution to 
 
 Mans life, and being but divided, draws 
 
 Death to his door, fo the efficient caufe. 
 
 Sedition and Confpiracy obtrude 
 
 Singular ruin by a multitude ! 
 
 When Concord in a City does ereft 
 
 Not onely Walls, but Magiftrates proteft 5 
 
 Then to their prudence let good men apply 
 
 " There is no fafety but in Majefty. 
 
 Shut up your Temple, let no found of Drum 
 
 Difturb your Tempe, and your joyes o'recome : 
 
 May ev'ry one under their peaceful! vine 
 
 Imbrace their Heaven j for Peace is part Divine ; 
 
 The Sphears in Un'on move ; example take 
 
 By them, and in your City Concord make ; 
 
 So fliall the Company of Grocers fay. 
 
 Next to their Sov'raigns, ne're came happier day. 
 
 The Speech ended, the Scean quits the place, and is conveyed 
 through Cheapfide till it flanck the Ship and Sea-Lions, formerly on 
 the Water, & then the whole Body move on, and between Fofter- 
 Lane and Gutter-Lane another Scean entertains his Lordfhip ; The 
 reprefentation of which is a Fountain, called the Fountain of Acis, 
 running Blood and Milk, alluding to the Murder of Acis committed 
 by the monfter Polyphemus, who under fliew of Friendfliip kill'd 
 him. This Scean is flanckt with two Dolphins, formerly on the 
 water. This Fountain is Arboricall, in the head or front whereof fits 
 a weeping perfon, reprefenting Galatea beloved of Acis, for whofe 
 death {he mourns. A Young Mans face towards the top is difcovered, 
 inftead of hair, green oaken leaves or branches; the Top is uncovered, 
 above thofe branches a Crown is placed, upon thofe branches three 
 Crowns in a manner fprouting out of the oak. 
 
 Galatea is thus defcribed. 
 
 Her hair difhelved, her head curl'd, with a wreath of Mirtle ; her 
 habit refembling the colours of the Sea, bleu, green and white (as fhe 
 is a Sea Nymph) over which a Height fable Mantle is caft : In one 
 
 3 Q^ 
 
482 
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 hand flie holds a fmall ovalPifture, fuppofed to be the Figure of Acis, 
 in the other a wet Handkercheif, relating to her forrow. At the foot 
 of the fountain are placed Sea Nymphs, Partners of her Grief and 
 habited accordingly. Upon his Lordfliips approach Galatea addreffeth 
 her felf in thefe words : — 
 
 Galatea's Speech. 
 
 Weep Galatea ; let thy plenteous tears 
 Equall the drops, this piteous Fountain bears ; 
 Turn perfect Niobe ; lament alone ; 
 Till thy own Griefes, lilce hers, change thee to ftone. 
 Dead is my Love ! the Shepherds joy and pride, 
 Whofe Princely virtues all the reft out-vide j 
 Acis is dead ! my comfort I murder'd by 
 The Treacherous hand of profeft Loyalty. 
 Falfe Polyphemous, couldft thou flatter fo ? 
 A Devil prove, and be a Saint in fhow ! 
 Oh horrid Deed ! none ever like to this, 
 Deriv'd contrivance from Hels dark Abifs : 
 Thither he's gone, in fliades of night he dwek : 
 Alarum'd with Monfters eternal yels. 
 Whiles to my Acis blelTed Memory 
 The Loyal Sheapheard of faire Cicily, 
 This weeping Monument did raife to ftiow 
 What to his never dying Fame they owe : 
 But ftay, I doe perceive Sorrow is here 
 Deny'd a palTage, where frefh joys appeare ; 
 Let me not then difturb them, leaft I bee 
 Thought rude, not fitting for Societie. 
 My woes may aptly be apply'd to theirs 
 That loft their King, rejoice now in his Heires ; 
 And all alluding to this Sceene, then bee 
 My Lord, fo kinde as bear a part with me j 
 I (hall lay by my forrow for a fpace. 
 And give you time the Metaphor to trace. 
 This fountain top lopt off, is aptly ment. 
 The Head and Glory of a Government ; 
 The fprouting Branches doth that want fuppty 
 And beare the Crown of Heaven born Majefty 
 Which as they have been happy in. We pray 
 The Palme of Peace may ever Crown this day : 
 The Grocers Company ftill honoured be 
 In that the King's of their Fraternity 
 For which ineftimable favour they, 
 Moft (Sacred Sir') their dutious wifhes Pay ; 
 May you outrun a Century of years ; 
 As free from danger as you are from fears : 
 May there neere want one of your Royall Stem, 
 To Glorifie Great Brittaines Diadem ; 
 And when the upper- World cals you from hence 
 Rule there and Govern by your Influence. 
 
 This Speech ended, this Sceane likewife quits the place and moves 
 
 Turning to the King. 
 
APPENDIX. 483 
 
 till it flancks that of Janus, His Lordfliip and his Attendant alfo move, 
 and paffe by a fourth Sceane (being a Droll of Indians who are la- 
 bouring). 
 
 His Lordfhip moves further, and meets a fifth Scean, reprefenting 
 an Ifland, on the top whereof fit two perfons, being the figures of 
 Juftice and Mercy, each of them having two attendants, this Scean is 
 flanckt with a Cammel and a Crockadell, neere Lawrence Lane. 
 
 Aftrea, or Juftice. 
 
 On her head a wreath of Starrs, fparkling, or flaming ; in her right 
 hand a Golden Book, relating to the Laws, in the other a Sword, to 
 punifh the Breakers of thofe Laws. Her Garment mixt, Plame and 
 White colour, flie fits upon the Ruyns of an Ifland, about which is 
 placed Prudence and Fortitude ; to re-edify and fupport it. 
 
 Mercy, 
 
 Clothed in White Sarcenet ; the figure of a Lambe orr ; on her head 
 a circle of Clouds intermixt with Starrs, and on the front thereof, the 
 Figure of the Sun ; in one band fhe bears a Sheild or Banner whereon 
 the Figure of Repentance is placed, (a perfon weeping, with one hand 
 lifted up, the other beating her Breaft.) In the other hand fhe holds 
 a Vyand or Bole, in which may be fuppofed is conteyned a variety of 
 comforts to relieve the Penitent from fainting, and falling into difpair ; 
 thofe attend are the Cardinall vertues, and habited accordingly. 
 
 Upon his Lordfhips drawing neere, Aftrea entertaines him in thefe 
 wordes : — 
 
 Aftrea's Speech. 
 
 The horrid and abhominable Crimes 
 Of the late diflblute licentious times, 
 Have call'd Aftrea from her Starry Throne 
 To view this Ifle with Mifchiefs overgrown ; 
 Where Harpies, Vipers, Wolves, and Vulters bred. 
 Who, on the Church and State rav'noufly fed : 
 Some of their Brood remain, devifing ftill 
 To murder Peace, and all your Comforts kill. 
 Such I am come to punift and fupprefs. 
 For fear their number, become numberlefs ; 
 Confufion was their Mother and their Nurle ; 
 And fince where e're they came have been a curfe ; 
 Knee-deep in Slaughter, they delight to wade, 
 Murder and Butchery they deem one Trade ; 
 They thirft for blood, and facrifice to fpoil j 
 Thrive beft (they think) when Nations they imbroyl. 
 Lop off fuch eviil Branches, fuch as doe 
 Glory in Ruyn ; give 'em Juftice too ; 
 A cord will do their bufineffe either way 5 
 
484 APPENDIX. 
 
 'Tis fear that makes the bad man to obey : 
 The Good for love of Right themfelves fubmit, 
 And hate not Juftice, but do honour it : 
 You are her Subftitute (my Lord) then fquare 
 Your Aftions, fo ftie may gain love and fear. 
 I fliall no longer ftay you from repofe, 
 But with an after Courfe your ftomack clofe. 
 
 Which ended, theFoot-Marfliall having placed the afliftants, Livery, 
 and the Companies on both fides S' Lawrence-lane, and the Pen- 
 fioners with their Targets hung on the top of their Javelins ; in the 
 Rear of them the Enfigne bearers Drums and Fifes in the front, and 
 haften the Foyns and Budge Batchellors, togetherwith the Gentlemen- 
 Ufliers to Guild Hall, in order to their ferving up Dinner to the 
 feverall Tables there. His Lordfhip and attendants pafleth through 
 the Gallery or Lane fo made into Guild-Hail, after which the Com- 
 pany repair to their Hall to dinner ; and feveral Silkworks and Tri- 
 umphs are likewife conveyed into Blackwell Hall, and the officers 
 aforefaid, and the Children that fit in the Pageants, there refrefh them- 
 felves untill his Lordfhip hath dined at Guildhall. 
 
 The Afternoons Bufinefs. 
 
 About three of the Clock the feveral Scaens & Silkworks return to 
 their former order, and are conveyed up to the Old-Jury into Cheap- 
 fide, the Foot Marfliall marfhalling the whole Body of Batchellors as 
 in the morning, and all in a united Body march up Saint Lawrence- 
 Lane and in Cheapfide receive the Livery and Affiftants, and fo move 
 on towards S' Pauls, till near Bow Church one Scaene of Drolling 
 Amerilious (as before) entertains his Lordfliip, fome of them pruning, 
 others gathering other planting feveral forts of Grocery, others difport- 
 ing and throwing their fruit about, to fliew the abundance or profit of 
 labour, others making mufick, (after their labour) on the Tongs and 
 other antique Inftruments ; among whom this Song fet for three parts 
 is fung : — 
 
 Who leads a life fo free from care, 
 As fuch in labour Aftive are ? 
 
 The fruits of which 
 
 Doe all Enrich : 
 They nothing want, enough to fpare. 
 Chorus. No worthy Aft accomplifhed can be 
 Without both Labour and Induftrie, 
 Which o'recome, Crowns them with Viftorie. 
 
 The plodding, not the plotting pate. 
 Is fubjeft good to King and State 5 
 
 He plyes his Worke 
 
 For Jew or Turk, 
 
APPENDIX. 485 
 
 And inindes his pay, more then deceit. 
 Chorus. He in his head breeds no feditious worms, 
 To make a fally like to Bees in fwarms, 
 He loves faire weather, is a foe to Stormes. 
 
 The painfull man to bufineffe bred. 
 In peace layes down hb weary head ; 
 He fleeps fecure ; 
 No thoughts impure 
 Difturb him, they in him are dead. 
 Chorus. Seafons his labour with fome harmleffe fport, 
 And like a prince he generoufly pays for't. 
 Is neither enemy to Church nor Court. 
 
 The fong ended the whole Body move on till near Fofter Lane, 
 one other Scaene of Amerricans entertain him. On the head of this 
 Scsene fits an Europian, every part of him figured and habited in the 
 fafhion or manner of feverall Nations which Trade, and relate to 
 Europe, The Hyrogliphick is copious, and appears delightfuU though 
 mimicall. Upon the fight of his Lordfliip the Europian prefents him 
 with thefe words : — 
 
 The Europians Speech. 
 
 My Lord, 
 Although my fliape may feem pediculous 
 Unfuitable, rude, and incongruous, 
 Contemn me not, there's nothing that I wear 
 About me, but doth fome relation bear 
 To th' Cuftomes of thofe Countrey's with whom 
 You Traffique in all parts of Chriftendome ; 
 Here I'm Spaniard,' here Italian ; 
 This fpeaks me French-man ; this HoUandian ; 
 This Portugal J this Swede; this Poland ; this 
 An Englifli-man, Language and Emphafis, 
 That when you me compofe, and rightly fcan, 
 Youl' find to be perfeft European. 
 By ufe and labour we are brought unto 
 A fettled confidence, and nature new : 
 What profits do accrue in times of peace 
 To every nation by fuch men as thefe. 
 Who take delight in toyl, and make repofe 
 Sweet as the breathings of the fragrant Rofe : 
 The profits of tlieir readinefs we reap, 
 And their rewards do make their labours cheap : 
 Content keeps them in heart, and ftrengthens Trade, 
 Supporting Nations by the rich mens aid ; 
 Of which this City, bleft be Providence, 
 Cannot complain in any cafe orfenfe. 
 The Company of Grocers of the which 
 Your Lordfliip's free live happy and are rich. 
 The fruit of labour, induftry and pain 
 Brings eafe and pleafure in the point of gain ; 
 The increafe of which I pray for, and that you 
 And them may profper like the vines whereto 
 The Sun gives Life, flouriih here and above. 
 Live in your Countreys peace, and die in love. 
 
 ' Pointing to his feveral parts. 
 
486 APPENDIX. 
 
 Which ended his Lordfliip and attendants move into S'. Pauls 
 Church-Yard, and fo round the faid Church-Yard, and out at the 
 fame gate do again move or retreat toward his Lordfhips Houfe, 
 Where the Scaen of Juftice and Mercy is fet crofs the Street ; and 
 the Foot-Marfliall having before prepared a Guard or Gallery of the 
 Gentlemen, Afliftants and Livery of the Foyns and Budge Batchellors. 
 
 The Penfioners and Silk Works are placed in the Rear, the Gen- 
 tlemen-Ufliers are likewife placed in order, the feveral Enfigns and 
 Banner-Bearers, Drums and Trumpets of each Divifion at an equall 
 diftance for a Vand Guard ; and being thus placed, his Lordfhip 
 pafleth towards his houfe, and at his door is entertained by the fame 
 Scaen accofted him in the Morning Juftice and Mercy, who conclude 
 the day in this Dialogue : — 
 
 Dialogue betwixt Juftice and Mercy. 
 
 Juftice. My Lord 
 
 Mercy. My Lord 
 
 Juftice. Juftice both. 
 
 And Mercy crave 
 In your clear Breaft a refidence to have. 
 
 Juftice. Juftice the Scale of Vertue ; loves encreafe, 
 Merits rewarder ; the prop of peace. 
 
 Mercy. Mercy, vfhofe breath perfumes both Heaven & Earth, 
 And gives declining nature a new birth : 
 
 Juft. Defends the Law, Protefls the Innocent : 
 
 Mer. And tempers Mercy with the puniftiment. 
 
 Juft. As by one mover, motion doth commence. 
 Even from the centre to th' circumference ; 
 So from one good man many may arife. 
 Like Faithfull, as upright, as juft, as wife ; 
 For 'tis Example more than Precepts move 
 The people to imbrace the bond of Love. 
 All men feek Greatnefle, Goodnefle is the Way j 
 He beft knows how to rule, knew how t'obey. 
 
 Mer. Obedience merits Faith, where't doth abide, 
 Treafon can finde no room her face to hide, 
 A righteous Magiftrate, with facred aw. 
 Binds conference in a ftronger bond then Law. 
 Mercy doth joyne, what nothing funder can ; 
 Beafts love for benefits, for Vertue, Man. 
 
 Juft. Man as he is the worlds analogy, 
 And bath with it a Co-exiftency, 
 So with the Univerfall Round he is 
 Affign'd to great, or lefTer OiEces, 
 Inferior Circles fays Phylofophy, 
 Attend upon the Primum mobile, 
 The Starrs are fubjefts to the Moon, and <he 
 Unto the Sunn, as Rivers to the Sea. 
 The like is here, fome men for Excellence 
 And fpeciall vertue claime Preheminence 
 Above the reft, fome ftudy to undoe 
 Their own creation, and all good mens to. 
 Some have the fortune to be rich, fome poore ; 
 Some labour on the Sea, fome on the Shore ; 
 
APPENDIX. 487 
 
 Some are brought up to Arts and Arms, and they 
 Proportion'd, are to profit in their Way ; 
 The good are cheriftit, and the bad muft fall. 
 Like thofe falfe ftarrs, we Exhalations call ; 
 No glory to a Nation comes from thence. 
 They claime a Birth right, and betray the leafe 
 By their vile Afls. 
 
 Mercy. True mercy interceeds 
 Not for the Crime, but when Repentance bleeds. 
 
 Expofition of the whole Shew. 
 
 Juji. The Emblems of all which, this day hath been 
 Prefented to your Lordihip ; is the Sceane, 
 Where weeping Galatea, doth deplore 
 Her Acis loffe, and's Memory rellore, 
 Doth point to Honours part ; the Treachery 
 Of Polyphemous horrid cruelty 
 Difhonour in the Abftraft ; Monfter, like 
 Thofe Gyants that againft the gods ftrike, 
 Whom juftice puniftit. 
 
 Mer. Mercy has no caufe, 
 To plead for fuch oppofe the facred Laws : 
 
 JuJl. The Artilt in the Maritine j and they 
 Laborious, in thofe of America : 
 The Rich are by your felves diftinguiflit beft. 
 The Poore by thofe with Caps and Gowns poffeft. 
 
 Mer. In that I claime a part with Charity, 
 Becaufe We both are Types of Clemency. 
 
 'yuji. In Janus Temple, thefe (contraited) lye 
 Peace and foveraign. Balm of Majefty, 
 
 Mer. Juftice and Mercy. 
 
 JuJi. Sir, You have an Eye 
 Can judge Sedition from pure loyalty, 
 Juftice Commands, 
 
 Mer. Mercy pleads not for thofe 
 That God, their King and Country dare oppofe. 
 
 Both, We end (Sir) with the Companies love, and do 
 Repofe Our equall Truft and Faith in You. 
 
 This ended, and his Lordihip entred his Houfe all depart with or- 
 der and conveniency ; And the Triumphs of Silk-works are (by the 
 care of the Matter Artificers, the Citie Marflial, the Foot Marfhal, 
 the Mafter of Defence, and other Servitours for the day) conveyed 
 into Grocers-hall. 
 
 Thus (to their Honours) the Company of Grocers, have within 
 fmall time, with unexpreffable love and joyfulnefle twice been at the 
 Charge of fuch Triumphs. 
 
 In fine. All the Artifts and Artificers imployed in this dayesTri- 
 ump (each of them deferving ample Commendations) bid you good 
 Night. 
 
488 APPENDIX. 
 
 London Triumphant : 
 
 or The City in Jollity and Splendour ; exprefled 
 In various pageants and fongs, 
 
 Invented and performed for Congratulation and Delight of the 
 Well-deferving Governour, 
 
 Sir Robert Hanson, Knight, 
 Lord Mayor of the City of London, 
 
 At the Coft and Charges of the Worfhipful Company of Grocers. 
 
 His Majefty gracing the Triumphs with His Royal prefence. 
 
 Written by THO. JORDAN. 
 
 London : 
 
 Printed by W. C.for Nath. Brook and John Playford, 1672. 
 
 To the Right Honourable Sir Robert Hanfon Knight, 
 Lord Mayor of the City of London. 
 My Lord, 
 
 SINCE your Lordfhip was pleafed to confer the Honour of this 
 Employment upon the meanefl of your Servants, I find my felf 
 obliged (in gratitude) to tender you the firft Fruits of my Service, and 
 fince I am fo fafely invefted with your favours, I am encouraged to 
 defie all detra6lion, nor need I fear the malice of any carping Critick, 
 fince he that carrieth the Sword of Juftice hath taken me into his 
 prote6lion, and guardeth my Integrity with his Authority, which fhall 
 rather increafe my Humility than advance my Ambition, and give me 
 caufe ever to acknowledge that I am 
 
 Your Lordfliips fincere and Humble Servant, 
 
 Tho. Jordan. 
 
 To the Worthy Society and Worfhipful Company of 
 
 Grocers. 
 
 Gentlemen, 
 
 I HO PE I have (without manifeft imperfecSlions) performed your 
 commands; in defigning the fcenes, compofing pertinent Speeches 
 and feafonable Songs for your fervice in this days Triumphs ; if the 
 
APPENDIX. 489 
 
 nicety of fome mens enquiry difcover any thing that is irregular or 
 fuperfluous I hope you will juftly impute it to the brevity of my time, 
 my perfon being imployed in fundry places, as well as my pen upon 
 feveral Subje6ls : If the accomplifhment of all, conduce to your con- 
 tent, he hath obtained the moft worthy part of his End, who is, 
 
 Gentlemen, 
 Your heartily humble Servant, 
 Thot Jordan. 
 
 The Agitations of the Morning. 
 
 The Noble Citizens appointed for the Tranfadtions of the Day 
 (according to annual cuftom and order) aflemble about Seven of the 
 Clock in the Morning at Grocers-Hall. 
 
 1. The Mafter, Wardens, and Afliftants, in Gowns faced with 
 Foyns, and their Hoods. 
 
 2. The Livery, in their Gowns faced with Budge, and their Hoods. 
 
 3. The Batchelors, part thereof, in Gowns faced with foyns, with 
 their gowns and hoods. 
 
 4. Budge Batchelors, in gowns and Scarlet hoods. 
 
 5. Fifty Gentlemen-Ufliers, in Velvet Coats, each of them a 
 chain of Gold about his Shoulder and a white StafF in his hand. 
 
 6. Twelve other gentlemen, for bearing Banners and Colours, 
 fome in plufh coats, and fome in bufF; they alfo wearing ScariFs about 
 their Shoulders of the Companies Colours. 
 
 7. Several Drums and Fifes, with red Scarffs and the Colours of 
 the Company. 
 
 8. The two City Marfhals, riding each of them on horfeback, 
 with fix Servitors to attend them, with Scarffs and Colours of the 
 Companies. 
 
 9. The Foot Marflial and fix attendants, with like Scarffs and 
 Colours. 
 
 10. The Mafter of Defence, with the fame Scarff and Colours, 
 having perfons of his own Science to attend him. 
 
 11. Three fcore and fix poor men, penfioners accommodated with 
 Gowns and Caps, each of them employed in bearing of Standards and 
 Banners. 
 
 12. Divers other Penfioners in red Gowns, white Sleeves, and 
 flat Caps, each of them carrying a Javelin in the one hand, and a Tar- 
 get in the other, wherein is painted the Coat Armour of their Bene- 
 fa6lors. 
 
 Being in this Equipage and Order fitted. They are by the Foot 
 
 3 R 
 
490 APPENDIX. 
 
 Marfliall divided into feveral Divifions, and ranked out by two and 
 two, beginning with the Penfioners in Gowns, and in the front of 
 them placeth the companies enfigns, four Drums, and one fife ; 
 which is the loweft and moft inferior divifion. 
 
 In the Rere of them, falls in four Drums and one Fife, after them 
 the feveral Penfioners in Coats bearing feveral Banners and Standards; 
 after them. Four Trumpets, after them the Gryphon and Camel 
 Enfignes, Six Gentlemen Ufliers, after them the Budge Batchelors 
 which conclude the next Divifion. 
 
 In the Reer of thofe fall fix Trumpets, after them two gentlemen 
 bearing two Banners, the one of the Cities, the other of the Companies 
 Arms; after them follow eightGentlemen-Ufhers and then the Foyns 
 Batchelors, which make up another Divifion. 
 
 After them two Gentlemen Ufhers bearing two Banners, after them 
 ten Gentlemen Ulhers — habited as is fet down before, and after them 
 the Livery. 
 
 In the Reer of thefe fall others of the City Trumpets, and after 
 them two Gentlemen bearing the Banners of the City and the Lord 
 Mayor and then the Gentlemen or Court of Afliftants; thefe conclude 
 that Divifion. 
 
 In the Reer of them fall in four Drums and fix Trumpets, after 
 them three other Gentlemen bearing the Kings, the Queens, and 
 Cities Banner, and after them fourteen Gentlemen Ufhers ; to follow 
 them are appointed four Pages, and after them the Mafter and War- 
 dens, which conclude all the Divifions. 
 
 In this Equipage they march from Grocers Hall to Barber-Chi- 
 rurgeons Hall beginning with the Penfioners, until the Marflial comes 
 and makes a halt at the Hall Gate, till fuch time as his Lordfliip and 
 the Aldermen are mounted. 
 
 Which being done, the whole Body move towards Guild Hall ; and 
 at Guild Hall Gate, the new Lord Mayor joyneth with the old Lord 
 Mayor and his attendants, fo all of them march through Kings Street 
 down to the Three Crane Wharf, and then the Lord Mayor, Alder- 
 men and their Attendants and the Weft end of the faid Wharf take 
 their Barge, the Court of Affiftants, the Livery, and the Gentlemen 
 Ufhers of thofe three Divifions, at the Eaft end of the faid Wharf, 
 whilft the refidue of the retinue that remain behind, viz. fome Gentle- 
 men Ufhers, the Budge Batchelors, and Foyns Batchelors repair to 
 places of refeftion. 
 
 The Lord Mayors, The Grocers, and the feveral Companies Barges, 
 haften for Weftminfter, and neer the Temple his Lordftiip is accofted 
 with a pleafure Boat, properly accommodated and Beautified with 
 divers Flags, and Streamers, who faluteth his Lordfliip with feveral 
 
APPENDIX. 491 
 
 great pieces ; which being paft, his Lordfhip, the Aldermen, the 
 Company of Grocers, and other Companies landing at Weftminfter, 
 have a Lane made them through which they pafs to the Hall, and 
 there having performed feveral ceremonial Duties and Obligations, as 
 an Oath to be true and faithful to his Majefty and Government efta- 
 bliflied, Sealing of Writs in the Courts there held ; and having taken 
 leave of the Lords and Barons of the Exchequer, &c. and doing feme 
 charitable offices to the poor of that place, return to their Barges, a 
 Lane being made as before for their paflage to the water fide, and 
 there imbarge. 
 
 His Lordlhip, with thofe attending him, (the companies) land at 
 Pauls Wharf, and other places, in order to their ftands in cheapfide, 
 where he and they are faluted with three volleys by (the Military glory 
 of this Nation) the Company of Artillery-men, under the condudl of 
 the Right Worfliipful Sir Thomas Player, they being in all their ac- 
 complifliments of gallantry fome in BufF, with Head pieces, many of 
 mafly Silver ; (of whofe honourable Society, his Lordfhip hath been 
 a Member, 37 Years,) from Pauls Wharf they march before my Lord 
 through a Gallery of the aforefaid Batchelors and Gentlemen Ufhers, 
 who went not to Weftminfter and likewife the penfioners and ban- 
 ners being fet in order ready to march, the Foot Marfhal leads the 
 way, and in the reer of the Artillery up Pauls-Wharf Hill to the South 
 Church Yard of S' Pauls, where his Lordftiip is entertained by the 
 firft Scene or Pageant. 
 
 A Defcription of the firft Pageant, 
 
 Which is upon this Stage : In the front is erefted the Creft of the 
 Worfhipful Company of Grocers, being a Camel artfully Carved, and 
 properly painted, which is neer as big as the life, and fheweth very 
 magnificently ; on whofe back a Negro Boy is mounted betwixt two 
 Bafkets, which contain feveral forts of Fruits, as Raifons, Almonds, 
 Dates, Figs, Prunes, and other variety of Grocery Wares ; which 
 when the following fpeech is fpoken, he fcattereth with a plentiful 
 hand amongft the people, who fcramble as much for them as if they 
 were a caft of fo much filver : this Negro Boy holds in one hand a 
 Banner of the Kings Arms, his Bridle is of Red and White Ribon, 
 (being the Companies Colours,) on his head he wears a Garland or 
 rather Wreath of feathers, at each fide of him ftands a Goddefs the one 
 reprefenting Plenty in a watchet tinfel Robe, and a Horn or Cornu- 
 copia, out of the great end iflliing branches of Fruits and Flowers : 
 on her head a garland of Rofes upon a tire of long bright brown hair, 
 and a banner in her hand : on the other hand ftandeth a young Virgin 
 
492 APPENDIX. 
 
 reprefenting Concord, in a Sky coloured Robe, and a yellow mantle 
 with the like garland of rofes on her head, a filver wand in one hand 
 and a banner in the other : And in the reer of this Camel, highly ex- 
 alted on a Silver Throne, and under a Canopy of Silver fringed, fitteth 
 an Imperial perfon alone, in Royal habit, his Face black, and likewife 
 his Neck and Arms, which are naked to the elbows ; on his head a 
 Crown of various coloured feathers, a rope of pearl about his neck, 
 pendants in his ears, fhort curl'd wool like Hair, a coat of feveral 
 painted Feathers : a Silver Mantle crofs him, from the right ihoulder 
 to the left fide, in his right hand he holdeth a Sceptre of Silver with 
 a bright Golden Sun on the top of it. Carnation filk Stockings, and 
 on them filver Bulkins laced before, and furfled with Gold Ribon ; 
 and on a defcent gradually next under him fitteth two Negroes, attired 
 properly in diverfe coloured filks, with Silver or Gold Wreaths or 
 Cornets upon their heads, as Princes of Weft-India adorned with 
 neck-laces, pendants, and bracelets of jewels and pearls, and javelins 
 in their hands : and on the next feat of defcent under them, fit three 
 other Black-Moors, in antick attire, their habits all confifting of 
 diverfe delightful colour'd Silks and Gaudy Feathers, bearing the 
 Kings, the Cities, my Lords, and the Companies fmall Banners ; The 
 Emperour rifing up in his Throne and addreffing to his Lordfhip, 
 makes this following application in thefe words : — 
 
 The firft Speech, fpoken by the Indian Emperour. 
 
 To fill your Triumphs, and compleat this (how, 
 
 The Princes of Peru and Mexico 
 
 With our Imperial Train appear in State, 
 
 Your Royal Revellings to celebrate : 
 
 Efpecially to be receiv'd a Gueft 
 
 By thofe that bear this Camel in their Creft ; 
 
 Becaufe, it is reported (as Fame faith,) 
 
 That England's great Defender of the Faith, 
 
 Head of four Thrones, doth not difdain to be 
 
 A Member of the Grocers Corapanie. 
 
 If their indulgent Soveraign be fo good 
 
 As to confociate in Brotherhood, 
 
 And be concorporated, well may I 
 
 (That furnifh them with Fruits and Spicery) 
 
 Give them a vifit, and congratulate 
 
 Their noble natur'd, new made Magiftrate ; 
 
 For I have heard he is a perfon free 
 
 And liberal in Hofpitalitie : 
 
 His Wine-Cellar and Tables are replete 
 
 Not with long graces and with little meat, 
 
 But blefs'd with plenty, and good welcom too. 
 
 Then I addrefs myfetf (ray Lord) to you. 
 
 To whom the City wifely hath preferr'd 
 
 The feat of Mayoralty; they have not err'd. 
 
 But very orderly they'v' made their choyce 
 
 By Legal limitations. Vote and Voyce : 
 
APPENDIX. 493 
 
 And may you profper in your place, and be 
 The peifea Mirrour of true Equitie. 
 
 Juftice fupports the World, for without that 
 No man hath title to his own Eftate ; 
 Which mix'd with Mercy, gives mankind new birth, 
 And may be fitly ftyl'd Heaven upon Earth, 
 Which there's no queftion, but you will difpenfe, 
 To punifh Guilt, and cheriih Innocence j 
 And with your Eagles eyes to fearch out thofe 
 That are your God's, your King's, and Country's foes ; 
 Such as by lurking, only to grow higher 
 By Civil Wars, or Cities fet on Fire, 
 Which they'll pretend to quench : But (in a word) 
 You bear the Sword of Government (my Lord) 
 In fuch a peevifti age, that (I may fay) 
 Many are ftudious how to difobey. 
 And yet fpeak well, but if they ail not fo, 
 We are better Moralifts in Mexico. 
 
 But I am well affur'd my Lord, you'l do 
 What Love and Equity (hall prompt you to. 
 And future Ages fliall your praifes fmg 
 With a choice Pen pluckt from an Eagles Wing. 
 
 The Speech ended, the Scene quits the Station, and is convey'd 
 through Cheapfide ; his Lordfliipcontinueth his courfe through Cheap- 
 fide alfo, and juft againft Bow Church he is intercepted, and provoked 
 (willingly) to be faluted by other three Pageants of Scenes ; which is 
 defcribed in this manner. 
 
 A Defcription of the three Pageants. 
 
 On the firft two Stages (which flank each other,) ftand two large 
 Gryphons, (which are fupporters to the Arms of the Grocers Com- 
 pany,) on whofe backs are two Negroes mounted, in Indian habits, 
 according to the mode and fafliion of the Countrey, bearing in their 
 hands each of them a large Banner, containing the one the Cities, the 
 other the Grocers Arms, at each corner in front fitteth or ftandeth 
 two white Virgins, the one perfonating Viftory, clad in a Robe of 
 Yellow, in one hand a helmet, in the other a Pomegranate : by the 
 helmet is meant force and flrength of body, by the Pomegranate, 
 unity of wit and counfel, ftanding upon a Bafe ; in one hand a Palm, 
 in the other a crown of Gold. 
 
 The other reprefenteth gladnefs, in a Green Robe and a Mantle 
 of divers colours, embroidered with flowers, a Garland of Myrtles ; in 
 her right hand a Cryftal Cruife, in her left a Golden Cup. 
 
 In the rere of the Gryphons, and adjoining to them, is a Stage on 
 which, is eredted a Golden Throne, fet with Emeralds, Saphyrs, 
 Rubies, Amethyfts, Diamonds, and Carbuncles, fupremely elevated 
 and gradually afcending, with a fringed Canopy and fide Curtains tyed 
 
494 
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 up, of Gold ; on which, in Majeftick Glory fitteth a young handfom 
 perfon reprefenting Apollo, on his head a peruke of long, curl'd, bright 
 flaxen hair, a wreath of green Laurel about his head, and fpringing 
 from it above, his forehead is the figure of the Sun richly guilded j a 
 clofe bodied coat, or veft, of gold, a loofe Robe orTunick of Purple, 
 bearing a Silver Bow in his right hand, as he is the God of Archery: 
 a Golden Harp in the other ftrung with Silver, as he is the God of 
 Mufick. 
 
 On his right and left hand in femicircular feflion, are,yfr/?, on his 
 right hand fitteth Fame, a Lady clad in a thin light garment of fky- 
 colour, a yellow mantle fringed with gold ; in her right hand a Silver 
 Trumpet, and a Banner. 
 
 2. Next to her fitteth a perfon reprefenting peace ; a Lady all in 
 white, femined with Stars, a carnation mantle fringed with gold, a vail, 
 of Silver ; and in her hand a palm or olive Branch. 
 
 3. A proper Lady perfonating Jufticej in a Yellow Robe and 
 White Mantle, with a Coronet of Silver about her head, bearing a 
 Shield in her right hand, charged with a pair of Scales Pendant and 
 equal. 
 
 1. On his left hand fitteth Aurora Goddefs of the Morning; being 
 a lovely young Virgin in a Mantle of Saffron colour, Carnation Wings, 
 long fair difbevel'd hair fprinkled with dew drops, a Silver Wreath 
 about her head, and a Star, fpringing out of it above her forehead. 
 
 2. Next to her, fits Flora the Goddefs of Flowers ; in a Robe of 
 divers Colours, a Mantle all painted with Rofes, Lillies, Violets, and 
 Primrofes, a Garland of various colour'd flowers on her head, holding 
 a little Tree full of Bloflbms in her right hand. 
 
 3. Next in order to her fitteth Ceres the Goddefs of Corn ; with 
 yellow hair, a ftraw colour'd Mantle trimm'd with Silver, wearing a 
 wreath about her head, confifting of variety of grain, (viz. Wheat, 
 Oats, Rye, Barley,) intermingled with yellow flowers, Blew-bottles 
 and erratick Poppies, and (in her right hand) a Silver Sickle. 
 
 The fecond Speech, fpoken by Apollo fitting in State. 
 
 With Oriental Eyes I come to fee. 
 
 And gratulate this great Solemnitie, 
 
 With my refulgent prefence 
 
 The comforts of light, heat and influence ; 
 
 To grace that Company above the reft. 
 
 Who trafiick for thofe fruits my beams have bleft ; 
 
 Whofe ftout Supporters with their wings and claws. 
 
 Defend them like the power of Pasnal Laws ; 
 
 Thefe and their Camel do, in breadth and length. 
 
 At once difplay their Treafure and their Strength ; 
 
 To whom (as Fame exhibits) it did pjeafe 
 
 Their High and Mighty Sovereign of the Seas 
 
APPENDIX. 495 
 
 To be communicable. But I am gon 
 
 I fear, too far from my Intention, 
 
 Which is to give one that is good and great, 
 
 A hearty Welcora to his Juftice Seat : 
 
 It hath been often faid, as often done 
 
 That all men will worfliip the Rifing Sun, 
 
 Such are the bleffings of his Beams, but now 
 
 The Rifing Sun, my Lord, doth worlhip you. 
 
 The Sun of this Metropolis, whofe Heat 
 
 And Light, lends luftre to the Sacred Seat 
 
 Of even-handed Juftice, whofe true Ufe is 
 
 To right the wronged, and fupprefs Abufes : 
 
 For without Juftice, All the world would be 
 
 A Den of Dragon-like Deformitie : 
 
 Ufurping Guilt would on the weak prevail, 
 
 And injured Innocence rot in a Jail ; 
 
 Meum and Tuum then would be abhorr'd 
 
 And True Mens Rights decided by the Sword 
 
 Of impious Power, and the next heir muft fight 
 
 A Battel for his Birth right ; but the light 
 
 Of Juftice ; in due feafon being (hewn, 
 
 Doth equally allot each man his own, 
 
 Gainft a long Sword, an Infant may commr.nd 
 
 His Portion, with a Rattle in his hand. 
 
 Juftice and Phcebus every way accord, 
 
 I'l (hew't you in a Parallel my Lord : 
 
 Owls, Bats, Mice, Rats, hate light ; fo rougues and theives 
 
 Hate Juftice-Hall, the Lord Mayor and the Shrieves 
 
 Juftice makes good men rife, and bad men fink. 
 
 So Sol makes Gardens fweet, and Dunghills ftink : 
 
 The Sun in every place doth caft his Eye ; 
 
 So Juftice into a Guilty Soul can pry : 
 
 Phoebus gives luftre, beauty, ftrength, growth, health ; 
 
 So Juftice ftiines upon a Common-wealth. 
 
 I could enlarge, but that I fear my tongue. 
 
 May at this inllant do your patience wrong ; 
 
 Therefore my Sun ftiall fet, no more I'l fay ; 
 
 You're the Sun now, this is my Lord Mayor's Day. 
 
 His Lordlhip moving further, fhewing evident figns, that he was 
 very well pleafed with the reprefentation and fpeech, meeteth another 
 Scene of Drolls, near S' Laurence Lane End, which is a Stage very 
 large, whereon is artificially planted a wildernefs as it is thus de- 
 fcribed. 
 
 A defcription of the Wildernefs. 
 
 The Wildernefs or Defart, doth confift of divers trees, in feveral 
 forts of Green colours, fome in bloflbm, others wealthily laden, with 
 fome green and fome ripe and proper Fruits and Spices, as Dates, 
 Pine Apples, Cloves, Nutmegs in their Cortex, Figs, Raifins, large 
 Plumbs, Vines laden with great clufters of red and white Grapes, 
 Sebeftens, Tamarinds, inhabited with Tawny Moors, who are labo- 
 rious in gathering, carrying, fetting, forting, fowing, and ordering the 
 
496 APPENDIX. 
 
 Fruits and other Phyfical Plants of their Country, feveral Bafkefts of 
 which ftand up and down here and there ready gathered ; there is of 
 thefe labourers and gatherers five or fix ; there are alfo three pipers, 
 and feveral Kitchen Muficians, that play upon Tongs, Gridiron, Keys, 
 and other fuch like confufed mufick ; whilft others are dancing and 
 {hewing tricks ; on the Trees are divers Birds, natives of that Country, 
 as the Parrot, Popinjays, having their Breafts and Bellies of Purple 
 Colour, and their Wings of other changeable colours, Turtle-Doves, 
 white Wild Ducks with purple Heads, and feveral Serpents (of which 
 Weft India doth much abound) turning, winding, rigling, and crawl- 
 ing about the Bodies and the Branches ; and upon a grafs green 
 Mountain natively crowned with a fteep rock in a Pyramidical Figure, 
 and all about it diaper'd with fundry colour'd Flowers ; eminently ex- 
 alted above the Tops of the Trees, ftandeth the Reprefentation of 
 America, figuratively perfonating that part of the World. 
 
 The Defcription of America. 
 
 A proper Mafculine Woman, with a Tawny Face, Raven-black 
 long Hair curling up at the ends, on her Head a Crown Imperial ; 
 her Breaft naked and tawny, with feveral Necklaces of Pearl, Gold, 
 and divers coloured Jewels, as blew, green, yellow, red, purple, and 
 orange Colour ; her arms ftripp'd up to her Elbows, on which hang 
 variety of glittering Bracelets, a Veft of cloth of Silver, furfled about 
 her arms, with Gold, Silver and Scarlet Ribbon ; a Ihort Petticoat or 
 Bafes of Silver, fringed with Gold, reaching no lower than the Knees; 
 Aurora coloured Silk Stockings and a pair of Bufkins of Silver, that 
 are laced up to her Calf with golden Ribbons in puiFs ; bearing the 
 large Banner of the Lord Mayor's Family-Coat, and the Golden Eagle, 
 which is the Creft of the Scriveners Company (which was his Func- 
 tion). She ftanding upright in a handfom pollure, with an audible 
 voice, delivereth this following narrative : — 
 
 The Third Speech, fpoken by America. 
 
 That I the better may attention draw. 
 
 Be pleafed to know I am America, 
 
 The Weftern Quarter of the World, whofe Climes 
 
 Were not difcover'd till thefe later times ; 
 
 When firft Columbus found me out, where I 
 
 Lay hid a long time in obfcurity, 
 
 (Unknown to Chriftendom) I liv'd at eafe, 
 
 Enrich'd with Gold, Tranquility, and Peace ; 
 
 But when by Fierce Invafions, they did know 
 
 The Treafures of Peru and Mexico, 
 
 (My two Great Empires) I became a Prey 
 
APPENDIX. 497 
 
 To divers Narions who did rob and flay 
 
 My naked Natives, fuch as knew no Art, 
 
 In war-like weapons, but the Bow and Dart. 
 
 Then came the winged Ship, with thundring Gun, 
 
 Which dimm'd the Eyes of our Great God the Sun, 
 
 The only Deity we woi-(hip'd, and 
 
 Ranfack'd ray Riches, over-ran my Land, 
 
 Ruin'd my Princes, (my fad fate was fuch) 
 
 The haughty Spaniard and the cruel Dutch, 
 
 (Than with the Devil is not worfe) did Build 
 
 Fortifications, rout me in the Field, 
 
 Brought over Priefts, and Monks with Holy Hoods, 
 
 To teach Religion, whilft they ftole my Goods : 
 
 Only the Englifli Nation I did find 
 
 Amongft the reft more peaceable and kind, 
 
 Full of Humanity, who did perfwade 
 
 Me to a generous and fair way of Trade ; 
 
 Faithful in Word and Deed, which makes me come 
 
 To this celeftial part of Chriftendom, 
 
 And bear my fliare in the Triumphant Glory 
 
 Of Londons Magiftrate, whofe Fame and Story 
 
 Throughout the Weftern World I'l boldly fmg, 
 
 A Faithful Subjeft to a Gracious King : 
 
 And may they both ever preferved be 
 
 From publick force or private Treachery, 
 
 That fo the Grocers Traffick may prevail 
 
 So long as Ships on the curl'd Ocean Sail. 
 
 May You (my Lord) be profp'rous in your year 
 
 By doing Juftice, purchafe Love and Fear. 
 
 May you be alwayes Merciful and Juft, 
 
 For what one will not do, the other muft : 
 
 May no Rebellious Seeds-men fow Difcord 
 
 Twixt White-Hall Scepter, and the Guild-Hail Sword : 
 
 May peace, truth, trade, with plenty and content, 
 
 Make all men Blefs'd under your Government. 
 
 This fpeech being ended, the Planters, the Gardners, and Pipers, 
 fing this, enfuing Song, with a Chorus at the end, of every verfe. 
 
 A Song. 
 
 This Wildernefs is 
 A place full of Blifs, 
 
 For caring and fparing 
 We know not what 'tis : 
 By the fweat of our brows. 
 
 We do purchafe our meat : 
 What we pluck from the boughs, 
 We do lye down and eat. 
 Chorus. 
 We labour all day, but we frollick at Night 
 With fmoaking and joking, and tricks of delight. 
 
 II. 
 The Merchant that Plows 
 On the Seas rugged Brows, 
 
 Submits all his hits 
 To what Fortune allows : 
 
498 APPENDIX. 
 
 If (he do but frown 
 
 The Trader is down ; 
 Till he comes to his Port he has nothing his own. 
 
 Chorus. 
 We labour all day, yet we frollick at Night, 
 With fmoaking and joking, and tricks of delight. 
 
 III. 
 Of FiTiits that are ripe 
 
 We all freely can take ; 
 With Tongues and Bag-Pipe 
 Jolly Mufick we make : 
 In our Pericraniums no mifchief doth lurk ; 
 We are happier then they that do fet us a work, 
 We never are lofers 
 
 Whatever Wind drive ; 
 
 Then God blefs the Grocers 
 
 And fend them to thrive. 
 
 Chorus. 
 
 We labour all day, yet we frollick at night, 
 
 With fmoaking and joking, and tricks of IJelight. 
 
 The Song being ended the Foot Marftial having placed the afSft- 
 ants. Livery, and the Companies, on both fides of King Street, and 
 their Penfioners, with their Targets hung on the Tops of their Jave- 
 lins ; in the reer of them the Engfine-bearers ; Drums and Fifes in 
 the Front, and haften the Foyns and Budge-Batchelors; together with 
 the Gentlemen-Ufhers to Guild-hall where his Lordfliip is again fa- 
 luted by the Artillery-men with three Vollies more, which conclude 
 their duty ; his land attendants pafs through the Gallery or Lane fo 
 made, into Guild-Hail ; after which the Companies repair to the Hall 
 to Dinner ; and the feveral Silk-Works, and Triumphs are likewife con- 
 veyed into Blackwell-Hall ; and the Officers aforefaid, and the Children 
 that fit in the Pageants, there refrelh themfelves, until his Lordfliip hath 
 dined at Guild-Hail ; where (to make the Feaft more famous,) his 
 Lordfliip is glorified with the fplendor and prefence of his Royal 
 Highnefs the Duke of York, Prince Rupert, the Duke of Monmouth, 
 the Archbifliop of Canterbury, and all the other Bifliops (at this time 
 in London;) all the refident Embafladours and Envoyes ; all the Lords 
 of the Privy-Council ; all the Principal Officers of State, all the Judges 
 and Serjeants at Law, and their Ladies. 
 
 I mufl: not omit to tell you, that (marching in the Van of^the 
 five Pageants) there are two exceeding Rarities, to be taken notice 
 of; that is, there are two extream great Giants, each of them of at leaft 
 fifteen Foot high, that do fit and are drawn by horfes in two feveral 
 Chariots, moving, talking, and taking Tobacco as they ride along, to 
 the great admiration and delight of all the Spectators. At the con- 
 clufion of the Show, they are to be fet up in Guild-Hail, where they 
 may be daily feen all the Year ; and I hope never to be demoliflied by 
 
APPENDIX. 499 
 
 fuch difmal violence as happened to their predeceflbrs, which are 
 raifed at the peculiar and proper coft of the City. But I muft return 
 to Guild Hall again, and wait upon my Lord, where his Lordfliip 
 and the Guefts being all feated, the City Mufick begin to touch their 
 Inftruments with very artful fingers ; and after a Leflbn being played, 
 and their ears as well feafted as their mouths, a perfon with a good 
 voice in good Humour, and audible utterance (the better to provoke 
 digeftion) Sings this new Droll, 
 
 To the tune of With a Fadding. 
 
 A Song. 
 
 I. 
 Let's Drink and Droll and Dance and Sing, 
 And merily cry. Long live the King : 
 Tis Friendftiip and Peace 
 Makes Trading increafe : 
 Blind Fortune has plaid 
 The changeable Jade ; 
 We may cuvfe her. 
 
 II. 
 Let's fura up all that hath been done 
 From Forty two till Seventy-one, 
 
 Then he that loves changes 
 
 Let him go on : 
 But I'le venture my Fiddle and Forty to one 
 
 T'will be vporfer. 
 
 III. 
 When Ordinance Laws beat down the Kings 
 And Peters preachM for Thimbles and Rings ; 
 When all that we priz'd 
 Were Sacrific'd ; 
 What did it produce 
 For general ufe. 
 But confufion. 
 
 IV. 
 
 The Conjuring party raifed then 
 Spirits they ne're could lay agen ; 
 
 But fuffer'd difafters, 
 
 Their fervants grew Matters ; 
 
 Who flighted their Votes, 
 
 And cudgell'd their Coats 
 In conclufion. 
 
 v. 
 Thus did our Holy War fucceed. 
 It made two hundred thoufand bleed, 
 And fellows that neither 
 Could write nor read, 
 Did fcatter in Pulpits 
 The Sanaifi'd Seed 
 Of Divifion. 
 
500 
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 VI. 
 
 [Cromwell.] The Captain of a Troop of Horfe, 
 
 With Courage and Conduft, cunning and force, 
 The Crown, King and Kingdom did divorce ; 
 And put the Land into a Proteftorly courfe, 
 By Excifion. 
 
 VII. 
 
 And after that great fatal blow. 
 What did become of all you know ; 
 
 The right Royal Heir 
 
 Return'd to his Chair ; 
 
 By no means fallacious ; 
 
 But by a good gracious 
 Direftor. 
 
 vui. 
 Now let us furvey this prefent Age 
 Where freedom enlargeth the bounds of the ftage : 
 Tis pleafanter far than Ruin and Rage, 
 That fwagger'd and fway'd, 
 When Oliver play'd 
 The Proteftor. 
 
 IX, 
 
 Our Enfigns now are turn'd to Smocks, 
 And Ladies fight with their Fire Locks ; 
 
 Wine, Women and Sturgeon 
 
 Make work for the Surgeon, 
 
 The bonny BufF Jacket 
 
 Doth Tilt at a Placket 
 Of Rofes. 
 
 X. 
 
 Thus have you heard the Changes Rung ; 
 As much as may be faid or fung : 
 
 We muft be not Talkers, 
 
 For fear the Night- Walkers 
 
 Do watch for our Words, 
 
 And wait with their Swords, 
 For our Nofes. 
 
 This Droll being ended, and well approved, a hearty Cup of Wine 
 is fet round the Table, in the mean time, the Mufick exprefs their 
 fkill in playing divers new fprightly Ayres, whils't another Mufician 
 with a cup of Sack puts his Pipe in tune to fing this Medley, call'd 
 
 The difcontented Cavalier. 
 
 The Medley. Confifting of Six feveral Tunes. 
 
 Firft Ayre. 
 
 I'l never truft good Fellow more, 
 
 For I was told 
 
 My /helves (hould Ihine with Gold 
 Bright as Tagus yellow ftore : 
 But now the Iron age is gone, 
 
 An age of ftone 
 
 I fear is rolling on ; 
 
 Or a heavy Leaden one. 
 
APPENDIX. 501 
 
 old Loyalty is cramp'd with cold. 
 
 And laid afide like Tales too often told 
 
 Or not regarded becaufe 'tis old : 
 
 Our Trumpet's turned into a ftialm, 
 
 But yet our wounds have neither Tent nor Balm, 
 
 We Freeze in Fire, Drown in a Calm. 
 
 Second Ayre. 
 
 The City now 
 
 And Country too 
 
 Cry out to the Court they have nothing to do ; 
 
 The Stage and Stews 
 
 Our Gallants ufe. 
 
 And moft of our Gentiles are turn'd into Jews ; 
 
 For when Juftice turns player, 
 
 We may defpair 
 
 Of ever having an end on't : 
 
 We have laid all our trade by, 
 
 Ne're were worfe made by 
 Prelbyter or Independant. 
 It ne're was fo bad, 
 We ne're were more mad ; 
 
 But we muft needs fall 
 
 When the Dammees get all : 
 From a King killing Saint, 
 Patch, Powder and Paint, 
 
 Where e're they be. 
 
 Libera nos Domine. 
 
 Third Ayre. 
 
 The World is but a moral Cheat, 
 And every vice is good that's great : 
 Religion is a nofe of Wax, 
 Which Politicks ufe to raife a Tax : 
 Luft is no fin in 
 Fair white Linnen j 
 
 Or a fair Cambrick Frock on : 
 Yet for Pride 
 Jane Shore died, 
 Some fay, with never a Smock on ; 
 The Politician 
 Calls Ambition 
 
 By the name of Honour ; 
 But fortune 
 Spoils our Tune, 
 A Mifchief Light upon her. 
 
 Fourth Ayre. 
 
 Hypocrifie and fair pretences convinces 
 
 The City, the Country and Camp ; 
 
 And all muft pals currant, I'm fure on't, 
 
 That comes from the Mint with a politick ftamp. 
 
 The Sefts we have. 
 
 And Gallants brave. 
 
 Do the felf-farae Tenent hold ; 
 
 For both can turn the Gofpel into Gold. 
 
502 APPENDIX. 
 
 To yes and nay. 
 We were a prey ; 
 
 But in this our latter fall, 
 
 Your humble Servant, Madam, cheats us all. 
 
 Fifth Ayre. 
 Little we find 
 In the turn of the wind 
 For confolation ; 
 Times are well changed, but Crimes are the fame ; 
 Nothing is right to the minds that delight 
 In Reformation ; 
 Pride and Ambition are Cocks of the Game. 
 He that can Gallant it in the French Rode, 
 Swear he is Valiant and dame A la mode, 
 By Ladies Letter-cafe, 
 
 Shall have a better place 
 Than me or he 
 That hath indur'd the Lode. 
 But ftill I hope that the vice of the Times 
 Will not be permanent, pardon my Rhimes, 
 I'l do no perfon wrong 
 With my Pen or my Tongue, 
 Though I let Fly 
 So high at lofty Crimes. 
 
 Sixth Ayre. 
 
 Leave off thinking now. 
 And laugh a Little ; 
 Fall a drinking too. 
 And quaff a little. 
 Good Canary never 
 Did mifcarry ever ; 
 
 Drink, or no good fellow will care for ye : 
 Wine will never prick our Popilh Crochets, 
 Sack will never kick at Copes and Rotchets ; 
 He that hatcheth Treafon 
 In a Merry feafon. 
 Is a fellow void of Love and Reafon. 
 They that freely tipple, envy none that rife, 
 But are well contented, 
 And confented, 
 (Untormented) 
 To be truly 
 Out of the care, and free from that plague, 
 which rides like a Hag 
 The Wife. 
 Let us all be merry laugh, and change our chink ; 
 Hold it, fill it, 
 Swill it, 
 Drink it fair and do not fpill it ; 
 Take it. 
 Shake it, 
 Vive le Roy : 
 We'l Trade, 
 And Wade 
 In no other Joy 
 But Drink, 
 Then Drink. 
 
APPENDIX. 503 
 
 This gave occafion for a Health to His Majefty, which was cheer- 
 fully performed, whilft the Mufick play a well compofed lively fuit 
 of Ayres, and make ready for a third Song. 
 
 The third Song. 
 To the Tune of Have at all. 
 
 Oh I who would fix his Eyes upon 
 Thefe fading Joyes under the Sun ? 
 Alas, they are no fooner won, 
 But on a fuddain all are gone. 
 
 Like Flint and Steel, they ftrike a (how, 
 'Tis as he cry'd 
 Who lately dy'd. 
 Touch and go. 
 
 II. 
 Health, Strength and Beauty, Worth and Wit, 
 Wealth, Love and Honour, all may meet 
 Within one fingle perfon : yet 
 Be fpoil'd with one unlucky hit : 
 Experience did lately (how 
 That Greatnefs can — 
 Not fix a man : 
 Touch and go. 
 
 III. 
 Your Gardens large and Buildings fair 
 Are all but caftles in the air : 
 Though fome they fay are fo profufe 
 To turn a Town into a Houfe, 
 Which they at laft are forc'd to (hun : 
 Leave Friends and Wives, 
 The Devil drives : 
 Touch and run. 
 
 IV. 
 
 All Joys are like a gliding ftream ; 
 Beauty is but a pleafing dream : 
 A Man his Miftrefs will prefer 
 Above his Soul ; no Heaven but her : 
 He night and day doth hourly woe ; 
 But having got 
 Wot yet what ! 
 Touch and go. 
 
 V. 
 Reality and tme intent 
 Are tum'd into a complement ; 
 A perfon may preferment get 
 By playing of the Counterfeit : 
 But Time's true Touch-ltone foon will (how 
 What is expreft 
 Upon the tell : 
 Touch and go. 
 
504 
 
 APPENDIX 
 
 VI. 
 
 The Gayeft Gallants of our Age 
 Are become ftudents of the Stage : 
 Oxford and Cambridge we lay by, 
 For Playhoufe Univerfity. 
 
 Like Glow-worms in the night they Ihew, 
 Whom when the Sun doth 
 Doth peep upon, 
 Touch and go. 
 
 VII. 
 
 Another, to exprefs vain glory, 
 Cryes dam — him ten times in one ftory j 
 He Stares and Struts at fuch a rate 
 As if he'd break S'. George's pate. 
 
 But when State-Stormy winds do blow. 
 From Drums and Guns 
 Away he runs : 
 Touch and go. 
 
 VIII. 
 
 There's nothing fixt under the Skyes : 
 London late fir'd, in afties lyes : 
 Nor could Man's wifdom bring't about 
 To ufe a means to put it out : 
 It did to fuch a blazing grow. 
 With London 'twas 
 In five dayes fpace 
 But touch and go. 
 
 IX. 
 
 It would require (more to reherfe) 
 A volumn rather than a verfe. 
 To fet down all the (hort delights 
 That do attend our dales and nights : 
 Mens Honours make a daring (how, 
 But prove at large 
 As French-men charge : 
 Touch and go. 
 
 A Song. 
 
 I am a lufty lively lad. 
 
 Now come to One and Twenty, 
 My Father left me all he had. 
 
 Both Gold and Silver plenty ; 
 Now He's in Grave, I will be Brave, 
 
 The Ladies (hall adore me, 
 I'le Court and Kifs, what hurt's In this ? 
 
 My Dad did fo before me. 
 
 My Father was a Thrifty Sir, 
 
 Till Soul and Body fundred, . 
 Some fay he was a Ufurer, 
 
 For Thirty in the Hundred ; 
 He fcrapt and fcratcht. She pinch'd and patch'd 
 
 That in Her Body bore me, 
 But I'le Flie, good caufe why. 
 
 My Father was born before me. 
 
APPENDIX, 505 
 
 My Daddy had his Duty done. 
 
 In getting fo much Treafure, 
 I'le be as dutiful a Son, 
 
 For fpending it in Pleafure : 
 Five Pound a Quart, ihail chear my Heart, 
 
 Such Neftar will reftore me; 
 When Ladies call, I'le have at all, 
 
 My Father was born before me. 
 
 My Grandam liv'd at Wafhington, 
 
 My Grandfir delv'd in Ditches, 
 The Son of old John Thralhington, 
 
 Whofe Lanthorn Leathern Breeches, 
 Cry'd, Whether go ye. Whether go ye ? 
 
 Though men do now adore me. 
 They ne're did fee my Pedigree, 
 
 Nor who was born before me. 
 
 My Grandfir, ftriv'd, and wivM and thriv'd, 
 
 Till he did Riches gather. 
 And when he had much Wealth Atchiev'd, 
 
 O ! then he got my Father : 
 Of happy Memory cry I, 
 
 That e're his Mother bore him, 
 I had not been worth one Penny, 
 
 Had I been born before him. 
 
 To Free-School, Cambridge and Grays-Inn 
 
 My Gray-Coat Grandfir put him, 
 Till to forget he did begin. 
 
 The Leathern Breech that got him : 
 One dealt in Straw, t'other in Law, 
 
 The one did ditch and delve it. 
 My Father ftore of Satin wore, 
 
 My Grandfire Beggars Velvet. 
 
 So I get Wealth, what care I if. 
 
 My Grandfir were a Sawyer, 
 My Father prov'd to be Chief, 
 
 Subtle, and Learned Lawyer : 
 By Cooks Reports, and Tricks in Court 
 
 He did with Treafure ftore me. 
 That I may fay. Heavens blefs the day. 
 
 My Father was born before me. 
 
 Some fay of late, a Merchant that 
 
 Had gotten ftore of Riches, 
 In's Dining-Room hung up his Hat, 
 
 His Staff, and Leathern Breeches, 
 His Stockings garter'd up with Straws, 
 
 E're Providence did Store him, 
 His Son was Sheriff of London, 'caufe 
 
 His Father was born before him. 
 
 So many Blades that rant in Silk, 
 
 And put on Scarlet cloathing, 
 At firft did fpring from Butter-Milk 
 
 Their Anceftors worth nothing : 
 Old Adam and our Grandam Eve, 
 
 By Digging and by Spinning, 
 Did to all Kings and Princes give. 
 
 Their Radical beginning. 
 
5o6 APPENDIX. 
 
 My Father to get my Eftate, 
 
 Though felfifti yet was flavifli, 
 I'l fpend it at another rate, 
 
 And be as lewdly Lavifli : 
 From Mad-men, Fools and Knaves, he did 
 
 Litigioufly receive it ; 
 If fo he did Juftice forbid, 
 
 But I to fuch (hould leave it. 
 
 At Playhoufes and Tennis Court, 
 
 I'l prove a Noble Fellow, 
 I'l court ray Doxies to the Sport, 
 
 Of, O brave Punchinello ! 
 I'le Dice and Drab, and Drink and Stab, 
 
 No Heftor (hall out roar me ; 
 If Teachers tell me Tales of Hell, 
 
 My Father is gone before me. 
 
 Dinner being ended, and night approaching, his Lordfliip being 
 attended by a retinue of his own Company, takes Coach and is con- 
 duced to Barber Chirurgeons-Hall, without that troublefome Night 
 ceremony which hath been formerly, when S' Pauls Church was 
 ftanding ; When his Lordfhip is houfed, thofe that attend on him de- 
 part with order and conveniency ; and the Triumphs and filk-works 
 are (by the care of the Mafters Artificers) lodged for that night in 
 Black-well Hall, till the next day following ; and then they are to be 
 conveyed to Grocers-Hall. 
 
 Thus to their Honours, the Company of Grocers have with un- 
 fpeakable Love and Joyfulnefs, thrice been at the charge of fuch 
 Triumphs fince the happy reftauration of His Majefty. 
 
 To clofe up all, the Artiflis and Artificers employed in this dayes 
 Triumph, (each of them deferving ample Commendations) bid you 
 good Night. 
 
 Poftfcript. 
 
 It was fo late e're we had information, that we mufl: refer one of 
 the moft material things to the narrow limits of a Poftscript, which 
 is. That the Kings Moft Excellent Majefty is pleafed to illuftrate 
 thefe Triumphs with his Moft Gracious Prefence, and to dine at 
 Guild-Hali. 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 507 
 
 On the Lord Mayors Day in London^ being the 29 day of 
 OSfober, 1673.] 
 
 London in its Splendor; 
 
 confifting of Triumphant Pageants, 
 
 whereon are reprefented many perfons richly arrayed, properly ha- 
 bited, and fignificant to the defign with feveral fpeeches, 
 
 and a fong, fuitable to the Solemnity, 
 all prepared for the honour of the prudent Magiftrate, 
 
 Sir William Hooker, Kt. 
 Lord Mayor of the City of London : 
 
 at the peculiar expences of the Worfliipful Company of Grocers. 
 
 As alfo, a defcription of his Majefties Royal Entertainment at 
 
 Guildhall, by the City, in a plentiful feaft, 
 
 and a glorious banquet. 
 
 Written by THO. JORDAN. 
 
 London : Printed by W. G. for Nath. Brook and John 
 
 Playford, 1673. 
 
 To the Right Honourable Sir William Hooker, Kt. 
 
 Lord Mayor of the City of London. 
 
 My Lord, 
 
 Since wifdom, wealth and legal fucceflion have unanimoufly con- 
 fpired to fix You in the fupreme feat of this Metropolis, your merit 
 and antient cuftom doth invite me to congratulate your deferved 
 Dignity, and to wifh you joy : For I am informed by Fame, that the 
 worthieft and numerous part of this City are fill'd with great Expec- 
 tation of your pious performances in prudent government ; and that, 
 to confirm their Security, you will faithfully joyn integrity with your 
 authority, and make the progrefs of your limited rule, a year of Jubile, 
 to God's Glory, the King's Honour, the Cities Safety, and your own 
 Renown ; which is alfo the prayers, wifhes and hopes of 
 Your Lordfliips obedient Servant, 
 
 Tho. Jordan. 
 
5o8 APPENDIX. 
 
 To the defervedly Worfhipful, The Ancient Corpora- 
 tion and Company of Grocers. 
 
 Gentlemen, 
 
 According to my obligation and the civility of cuftom, I do once 
 more faluteyouwith my faithful fervice in a brief difplay of your charge- 
 able Triumphs ; which ye have nobly undergone thefe tw^o years with- 
 out intermiffion, and is the fourth time of performance fince the happy 
 reflauration, of his Sacred Majefty, In fuch fplendid aftions, although 
 fome diminution of your Treafure, They are and will be plentifully 
 recompenfed in the addition of your fame which when time is live 
 hundred years older will fhine bright in the eyes of pofterity, and prove 
 a prefident for good men not only to admire, but imitate. In the interim, 
 with many devout wiflies for your advancement and duration, I affume 
 the confidence of honouring myfelf with the honeft title of. 
 
 Gentlemen, 
 
 Your really humble Serv', 
 
 Tho. Jordan. 
 
 The Movements of the Morning. 
 
 THE generous Citizens fele£ted for the Order of this dayes tri- 
 umph, (confenting with antient prefidents,) come together 
 about feven of the clock in the morning, according to cuftom. 
 
 1. The Matters, the Wardens, and Afliftants in Gowns faced 
 with foyns and their hoods. 
 
 2. The Livery in their Gowns faced with budge, and their hoods. 
 
 3. The Batchelors, a part thereof in Gowns, faced with Foyns, 
 and their hoods. 
 
 4. Budg Batchelors, in Gowns and Scarlet Hoods. 
 
 5. Fifty Gentlemen Ufhers in Velvet Coats, each of them a Chain 
 of Gold about his Ihoulder, and in his hand a white ftafF. 
 
 6. Twelve other Gentlemen, for bearing banners and colours ; 
 fome in Plufti Coats and fome in BufF; they alfo wearing Scarffs 
 about their flioulders of the Companies Colours. 
 
 7. Thirty fix Trumpets ; the Serjeant Trumpet, with his ScarfF 
 of his Lordfliip's Colours, and of a Crimfon about his fhoulder, and 
 a Leading-StafFin his Hand. 
 
 8. Fourteen Drums; the Drum Major with a Crimfon ScarfF about 
 his wafte, his leading StafFin his hand, and three fifes with Banners. 
 
 9. Divers Drums and Fifes, with Red ScarfFs, and the colours of 
 the Company. 
 
APPENDIX. 509 
 
 10. The two City Marfhals, each of them riding on horfe back, 
 with fix Servitors to attend them, with Scarffs and Colours of the 
 Companies. 
 
 11. The Foot-Marflial, and fix attendants with the like ScarfFs 
 and Colours. 
 
 12. The Mafter of Defence, with the fame Scarff and Colours, 
 having perfons of his own fcience to attend him. 
 
 13. Threefcore and fix poor-men penfioners habited with Gowns 
 and Caps, each of them employed in bearing Standards and Banners. 
 
 14. Ninety other penfioners in Red Gowns, White Sleeves, and flat 
 Caps ; each of them carrying a Javelin in one hand, and a Target in 
 the other, wherein is painted the Coat-Armour of their Benefad:ors. 
 
 Thefe perfons are fet apart for the duty of the day, who meeting 
 at the time and place aforefaid proceed as followeth. 
 
 The foot Marflial Ranks them out, two and two, beginning with 
 the penfioners in Gowns, and in the front of them placeth the Com- 
 panies Enfigns, four Drums, and one Fife ; in the rere of them falls 
 in fix Drums and one Fife. After the feveral Penfioners in Coats, 
 bearing feveral Banners and Standards ; after them, fix Trumpets ; 
 after them the Gryphon and Camel, Enfigns, fix Gentlemen Ufhers ; 
 after them, the Budg Batchelors, which conclude this Divifion. 
 
 In the Rere of thofe, fall fix Trumpets, after them two Gentlemen 
 bearing two banners, the one of the Cities, the other of the Companies, 
 after them follow eight Gentlemen-Ufhers, and then the Foins Batche- 
 lors, concluding this divifion. 
 
 In the rere thereof firft falls in, the King's Drum-Major and four 
 other of the Kings Drums and Fife ; after them two Gentlemen- 
 Ufhers bearing two Banners, the one the Kings, the other the Cities ; 
 after them ten Gentlemen-Ufliers, habited as is fet down before ; and 
 after them the Livery, which endeth that Divifion. 
 
 In the rere of them fall others of the City Trumpets, after them 
 two Gentlemen bearing the Banners of the City and the Lord Mayor, 
 Twelve Gentlemen-Ufhers appointed as aforefaid follow them, and 
 after the Court of Afliftants, and put a period to that Divifion. 
 
 In the rere of them falls the Serjeant Trumpet, after him fixteen 
 other of the Kings Trumpets and Kettle Drums ; after them three 
 other Gentlemen, bearing the King's, the Duke of York's, and S' 
 George his Banner; after them fourteen Gentlemen-Ufhers, to follow 
 them are appointed four Pages ; and after them. The Mafter and 
 Wardens, which terminate the firft and Chief Divifion. 
 
 Thus accomplifh'd they march from their place of meeting to Cloth- 
 workers Hall, beginning with the Penfioners, until the Marflial comes 
 
5IO APPENDIX. 
 
 and makes a halt at the Gate, till fuch time as his Lordfliip and the 
 Aldermen are mounted. 
 
 Which being done, the whole body move toward Guild Hall, where 
 the Lord Mayor ele£t joyneth with the old Lord Mayor, and his 
 retinue, fo all of them march through Kings-Street down to Three- 
 Crane-Wharf, where the Lord Mayor, Aldermen and their attendants, 
 take Barge ; alfo the Grocers' Company do likewife embarge, whilft 
 the refidue remain behind, viz. the Gentlemen Ufliers ; the Budg- 
 Batchelors and Foins Batchelors repair to places of Refrefliment. 
 
 The Lord Mayors, the Grocers, and the feveral Companies Barges, 
 haften for Weftminfter, and near the Temple, his Lordfliip is accofted 
 with two Pinnaces rigg'd and mann'd like Men of War, and beautified 
 with divers Flags and Streamers, who faluteth his Lordfliip with feveral 
 great Guns. 
 
 Which being paft, His Lordfliip, the Aldermen, the Company of 
 Grocers, and other Companies landing at Weftminfter, have a Lane 
 made them, through which they pafs to Weftminfter-Hall, and there 
 having performed feveral ceremonial and cuftomary duties and obliga- 
 tions, as, an oath to be true and faithful to his Majefty and Govern- 
 ment eftabliflied, fealing of Writs in the Court there held, and having 
 taken leave of the Lords and Barons of the Exchequer &c. and doing 
 fome charitable offices to the poor of that place, return to their Barges ; 
 a Lane being made, as before, for their paflage to the water-fide, and 
 there orderly embarge. 
 
 His Lordfliip, with thofe attending him (the Companies,) land at 
 Pauls-Wharf and other places, in order to their flands in Cheapfide ; 
 where he and they are faluted with three vollies, by (the Military Glory 
 of this nation) the Company of Artillery-Men, under the conduit of 
 the worfliipful Sir Thomas Player ; they being all in their accomplifli- 
 ments of gallantry, as Souldiers. F~rom Pauls Wharf the march 
 before my Lord Mayor and Aldermen, through Cheapfide to Guildhal, 
 thofe that went not to Weftminfter, viz. the Penfioners and Banners 
 being fet in order, ready to march, the Foot Marfhal leads the way, 
 and in the Rere of the Artillery-Company, up Pauls Wharf Hill, to 
 S' Paul's, where his Lordfliip is entertain'd by the firft Scene or 
 Pageant. 
 
 A Defcription of the Firft Pageant 
 
 Which is upon this Stage. In the front is erefted the Creft of the 
 Worfliipful Company of Grocers, being the Figure of a Camel of 
 magnitude, lively carved, and aptly painted, on whofe bunch-back (in 
 a riding pofture) fitteth a Negro Boy, beautifully Black, betwixt two 
 
APPENDIX. 511 
 
 Silver Panyers, that are fraught with feveral forts of fruits, as Rayfons, 
 Almonds, Figs, Dates, Prunes, and other variety of Grocery Ware s; 
 which when the fucceeding fpeech is fpoken, he fcattereth abroad 
 amongft the People. This Negro holds in one hand a Banner of the 
 Kings Arms, his BridleRed andWhiteRibon,the Companies Colours, 
 on his Head a Garland or Wreath of Feathers ; at each fide of him, 
 on his Right hand, fitteth a beautiful Virgin-Lady reprefentingTellus 
 the Goddefs of the Earth, in a Green Mantle, and a Bloflbm colour'd 
 Robe, a Garland of Rofes ; in one hand a Banner, in the other, a 
 Shield painted with Trees and Flowers. On his left hand ftandeth a 
 well-featured Virgin who doth prefigurate Labour, in a Robe of Afh- 
 colour fringed with Silver, a Mantle of Carnation edged with Gold, a 
 White Straw Hat turned up on one fide, with a great Knot of Scarlet 
 and Silver Ribon ; in one hand a Silver Spade, in the other a Golden 
 Sickle, or Pruning-Hook. 
 
 And in the Rere of this Camel, in a Sublime Seat of Soveraignty, 
 fitteth Pallas the Goddefs of Arts and Arms, with long, thick, bright, 
 curl'd Hair ; on her head a filver Helmet, on which is ftuck a tall 
 flourifhing Plume of Red Feathers, confifting of a Sprig and divers 
 falls, with Silver Armour, and a golden Gantlet ; Carnation Bafes Em- 
 broydered with Gold, and from the right Shoulder to the left fide is a 
 Blew Scarf trimm'd with Silver ; a fhort Sword by her fide, with a rich 
 hilt ; on her feet Silver Bufkins laced with Scarlet Ribon, in one hand 
 a Lance, in the other a Book open, and on feveral Defcents beneath 
 her, in equal order, fit fix figures, viz. Aftrea, the Goddefs of Jufl:ice, 
 in a crimfon Mantle trimm'd with Silver, over a fad-coloured Robe ; 
 on her head a wreath of Bayes, in one hand a fword, and in the other 
 a pair of Equal Scales. Next to her is feated Prudence, in a Purple 
 Robe, embroydered with Silver, a Mantle of Cloth of Gold, a Chaplet 
 of divers colour'd Flowers, bearing in her right hand a Caduceus, and 
 in her other, a Banner. Next to her fitteth Fortitude, in a Veft of 
 Silver ; about her Neck a Corflet of Gold, holding in one Arm, a 
 Pillar of Marble, and in the other hand a Shield vert, charged with an 
 arm'd Citadel or Tower, Argent, bearing a Flag on the Battlements, 
 Gules. On the left hand of Pallas, in correfpondent Order, fitteth, 
 firft, Law, a proper Lady, aptly attired, having on her a long. Sable, 
 plain Robe, with a Mantle of Scarlet, and on her head (adorn'd with 
 long, curl'd Brown Hair) a round flat Velvet Cap, turn'd up with a 
 Rofe of Diamonds : Next to her fitteth Piety, in a White Robe, with 
 a black Mantle, a Book in one hand, and an hour glafs in the other ; 
 and on her head a bright long Silver Vail, reaching all over her 
 Shoulders : and next to her fitteth a Sober Perfon reprefenting Govern- 
 ment, in a Scarlet Robe, faced with Furrs ; about her neck a chain of 
 
512 APPENDIX. 
 
 gold, and on her head a Cap of Maintenance ; in one hand thte Kings 
 Banner, in the other the Cities. His Lordftiip being fixed in the 
 pofture of Attention, Pallas rifeth up, defcendeth to the Stage, and 
 maketh addrefs in thefe expreflions : — 
 
 The firft Speech, fpoken by Pallas. 
 
 I am the Deity of Art and Arms, 
 
 That do by fciences and loud alarms 
 
 Give Orders to the Univerfe, from me 
 
 Doth iffe both Art and Artillerie ; 
 
 My name is Pallas, by me men are endu'd 
 
 With Juftice, Law, Prudence and Fortitude, 
 
 Safety and Government, which wait upon 
 
 Me at all times in my Etherial Throne ; 
 
 With them to grace thefe Triumphs I appear 
 
 As a good Omen to th' enfuing Year. 
 
 How can a good defign be brought about 
 
 In Mafic or Shew, if Pallas be left out ? 
 
 Which makes me in my Chariot of State 
 
 Prefent my love to London's Magiftrate, 
 
 And that Society of which he's free, 
 
 The King-blefs'd Loyal Grocers Company ; 
 
 Whofe TraiBque into India and the Straits, 
 
 Doth feaft you with delicious Delicates ; 
 
 Which on this laden Camel they prefent ye. 
 
 As a fmall fymptom of their greater Plenty. 
 
 May you, my Lord, be profperous this year, 
 
 Difpenfing Equity, fans Love or Fear ; 
 
 That London and the Land may, gladly, fee, 
 
 You will diftribute Right Impartially ; 
 
 That (like your Royal Mailer) in your Seat 
 
 You may appear as Gracious as Great : 
 
 So ftiall the King of Kings fend down th' Increafc 
 
 Of Unanimity, Plenty and Peace ; 
 
 To further which we do (with joynt accord) 
 
 Prefent you with our Properties, my Lord, 
 
 Into your hands (your Power to advance,) 
 
 I render both ray Learning & my Launce. 
 
 This Metrical Oration thus concluding, the Pageant moves through 
 the Multitude, and his Lordfhip, with his Right Worfhipful Retinue, 
 advanceth through Cheapfide, where againft Milk-Street end his paf- 
 fage is interrupted, and his patience is invited to behold three other 
 Pageants, the particulars of which are made manifeft in this fucceed- 
 ing defcription. 
 
 The Three Pageants defcribed. 
 
 What is firft prefented are the Effigies of two great Gryphons, 
 ftanding ranked in front, (being the fupporters in the Coat-Armour of 
 the Grocers Company,") on whofe backs are two Negroes properly 
 mounted, in Eaft-Indian fhapes, both of them bearing in their hands 
 a large Banner of the Cities and the Companies Arms j at each corner 
 (in Front) ftandeth two honourable Ladies, the one reprefenting 
 
APPENDIX. 513 
 
 Union, who weareth a Robe of Green Sarfnet, fprinkled with divers 
 Annulets of Gold, a chain of Gold twice double about her neck, 
 her Legs and Feet beautified with Bufkins of Gold, furfled with 
 watchet filk and Silver ; a Wreath of Green Laurel upon her head, 
 about a long Perruke of bright hair ; bearing in one hand an Ef- 
 cutcheon vert, charged with a Triangle within a Circle, Or ; in the 
 other hand a Banner. The other perfonateth Courage, in a Crimfon 
 Robe, fring'd with Gold, and Silver, a Golden Mantle, with a fliort 
 broad Sword, in the right hand, drawn, and a Silver Buckler, in the 
 other ; a brown hair ; on which is a Coronet, with a plume of divers- 
 colour'd Feathers ; about the Neck a Sky-colour and Silver Ribon, on 
 which is hanged, before her breaft, a Golden Heart. 
 
 In the Rere of the Gryphons contiguoufly is placed a large Stage, on 
 which is artfully elevated a Golden Seat of Majefly, whereon fitteth a 
 perfon of Princely prefence, reprefenting the God of ^^iches, on his 
 head a Perruke of long black curi'd Hair, on it a Coronet of Gold ; 
 in a Cloth of Gold Robe, Mantle of Silver ; on his Shoulder a pair of 
 largely difplayed Silver Wings, tipp'd with Gold; with Silver Bufkins 
 furfled with Gold Ribon ; at his right and left hand fit Six Emblematical 
 Reprefentations fuitable to his Deity. On his right hand fitteth the 
 much ador'd. Madam Pecunia, (a Lady of great Splendor,) in a Tawny 
 Robe chequer'd with broad pieces of Gold and Silver Coyn, a Gold 
 and Silver Mantle, Yellow Hair, a Coronet of Gold, pointed round 
 about with Medals of Gold, and Silver, and Copper-Plates ; holding 
 in one hand an Ingot of Gold, and in the other a Banner. Next to 
 her fitteth Reputation, a lovely Lady, in purple Robe trimm'd with 
 gold, a Mantle of Scarlet-colour edg'd with Silver, her hair of blackifh 
 Brown, a Silver Coronet fet with Rubies, Emeralds and Saphires; in 
 one hand a Cabinet open, difplaying variety of Jewels, in the other a 
 Banner. The next to her fitteth Security, with a long Flaxen Hair, 
 on her Head a Golden Helmet, with White and Yellow Feathers, a 
 Black Sarfinet Robe femmed with filver Stars, a Silver Mantle ; in one 
 hand a Shield azure, charged with a Lyon Rampant Argent, in the 
 other a Writing of Parchment with a broad Seal : On his left hand fit- 
 teth Confidence, a Lady with a mafculine face, attired in a Flame-co- 
 lour'd Robe, a Crimfon Mantle, Black Hair, a Coronet pointed round 
 with Pennons or Petty Banners; in one hand the figure of a Rock, in the 
 other a Banner; Next to her fitteth an amiable Virgin, reprefenting Vi- 
 gilance, in a Yellow Robe, a Sable Mantle fringed with Silver, and feeded 
 with waking Eyes, a Chaplet of Myrtles ; in her right hand a Lamp, 
 and in the other a Bell ; Sixthly, fitteth an aftive ey'd Lady perfonating 
 Wit in an Indian Sarfnet Robe, of divers colours, a Limmon colour'd 
 Mantle fringed with Gold, a curioufly curi'd Brown Hair, and on it a 
 
 3 u 
 
514 APPENDIX. 
 
 Chaplet of Bayes intermingled with Golden Berries in Clufters ; in 
 her right hand an Efcutcheon Vert, a Reynard Gules, with a Goofe- 
 neck in his mouth, and her Bodycircumflex'd over his Back argent; in 
 her left hand a banner. And the Deity of Riches rifing up, doth thus 
 Salute his Lordftiip : — 
 
 The Second Speech ; pronounced by Riches. 
 
 The God of Riches, under whofe command 
 
 Lies obfcure Treaiure, with an open hand 
 
 Salutes your Lordftiip ; in my Cabinet 
 
 Is Honour, Pleafure, Profit, Love and Wit : 
 
 The wifeft Polititian that Springs, 
 
 Flyes with faint force, unlefs I gild his wings. 
 
 Treafure builds Cities, Caftles, doth command 
 
 All martial forces, both by Sea and Land .- 
 
 What Riches cannot do, is hard to fay : 
 
 Therefore my Lord, on this Triumphant Day, 
 
 Prefumption doth inform me, I ftiall be 
 
 Welcome to you, and to your Companie, 
 
 The Grocers Corporation, who at large, 
 
 Exprefs their Liberal Love in this days charge. 
 
 To celebrate the Honour of your Name, 
 
 And give more Splendor to your fertile Fame. 
 
 Thefe Virgins Names are, that attend on me, 
 
 Money, Repute, and good Securitie, 
 
 Confidence, Vigilance, and nimble Wit ; 
 
 Perfoiis of Quality ; ufeful and fit 
 
 To wait on fuch great Magiftrates, and add 
 
 Nerves to their Rule, fuch as may quell the Bad, 
 
 Relieve Good Men, and fortifie the Powers 
 
 Of you and your affifting Senators ; 
 
 That all and every one, under your wing. 
 
 May Honour, Love and Fear, God and the King ; 
 
 For whofe good ufe, (to make my Love appear) 
 
 My Treafure ftiall ftand open all the year. 
 
 His Lordftiip being well pleafed with the perfpicuity and brevity of 
 this Speech, is encouraged to move further, and near S'. Lawrence- 
 Lanes end he is intercepted by another Scene of Drolls, in a Garden of 
 Fruits and Spices, where the Black aiid Tawny Inhabitants are very 
 adlively imployed, fome in working and planting, others carrying and 
 recarrying ; fome are Drolling, Piping, Dancing, and Singing ; there 
 are three Pipers, which, together with the Tongs, Key, Frying-p4n, 
 Gridiron, and Salt-Box, make very mel-odious mufick, which the 
 worfe it is performed, the better it is accepted. But upon an Emi- 
 nent Promontory richly embroydered with the native bravery of 
 Flowers ; on the extreme height fits a Lady of comely Proportion and 
 pleafant Complexion, reprefenting Pomona, Goddefs of Plantations, 
 Orchards, and Fruits, in a Grafs-green Robe fringed with Silver, 
 adorned with divers fruits, of beautiful colour, a Silver and Gold 
 Mantle crofs her, tyed upon the Shoulder with a large knot of de- 
 
APPENDIX. 515 
 
 lightful Colours properly mingled ; a long fair hair, the tramels tyed 
 with fmall Ribon of all the light colours ; a Garland of Flowers, and 
 Fruits, in one hand a Scepter made of flowers, in the other a fmall 
 filver bafket of fruits ; and four Ladies attending her, properly arrayed 
 for the four Seafons, viz. Spring, Summer, Autumn and Winter; who 
 when his Lordfhip is fixed, and filence commanded, makes application 
 in this following Poem : — 
 
 The Third Speech, fpoken by Pomona. 
 
 I am the Pregnant Goddefs of thefe Brutes, 
 
 That plant and gather all delicious Fruits 
 
 Which pleafe the curious palates of thofe Guefts 
 
 Where Princes are invited to their Feafts ; 
 
 And hearing that the beft of Kings would be 
 
 A gracious Gueft at this Solemnitie j 
 
 That God-like Charles, his Queen, and Royal James 
 
 Would blefs this new-built City with their Beams ; 
 
 Upon the wings of Love and Loyaltie 
 
 In curiofity I come to fee 
 
 The Celebration, and adore the State 
 
 Of Charles the Great, the Good, the Fortunate ; 
 
 Who from the Royal Fountain of his Power 
 
 Gives Life and Strength to Londons Governour. 
 
 And may your Lordfcip profper in your place. 
 
 That Righteoufneffe with JulKce may embrace 
 
 In all your Difpenfations ; True and Even, 
 
 (Men Juft on Earth will meet Mercy in Heaven) 
 
 And may the Grocers Company (the Root 
 
 Of this Days Revellings,) Revive and Shoot 
 
 Up with new growth, which may for ever fpring 
 
 By the vernal virtue of my Lord the King ; 
 
 He is that Fount, which fuccors every Limb, 
 
 Our Lives and Fortunes all fubfift in Him. 
 
 The Speech being ended, the Foot-Marflial having placed the af- 
 fiftants. Livery and the Companies, on both fides of King Street, and 
 their penfioners with their Targets.hung on the tops of their Javelins, 
 in the rere of them the Enfign-bearers, Drums and Fifes in the front, 
 and haften the Foyns and Budge Batchelors, together with the Gen- 
 tlemen Ufliers, to Guild-Hall, where his Lordfhip is again faluted by 
 the Artillery-Men with three vollies more, which conclude their duty. 
 His Land Attendants pafs through the Gallery or Lane fo made into 
 Guild Hall. After which, the Companies repair into the Hall to 
 Dinner, and the feveral Silk Works and Triumphs are likewife con- 
 veyed to Blackwel Hall, and the Officers aforefaid, and the Children 
 that fit in the Pageants, there refrefh themfelves until his Lordfhip 
 hath dined at Guild-Hall ; where (to make the Feaft more Famous) 
 his Lordfliip is magnified with the facred prefence of the King and 
 Queen, together with His Royal Highnefs the Duke of York, Prince 
 
5i6 APPENDIX. 
 
 Rupert, the Duke of Monmouth, the Arch Bifliop of Canterbury, and 
 all the other Bifliops (at this time in London) all the refident Embaf- 
 fadors and Envoys, all the Lords of the Privy Council, all the princi- 
 pal Officers of State, all the Judges and Serjeants, at Law, with their 
 Ladies. His Majefty, with the Duke of York and Prince Rupert, 
 Dined at a Table raifed upon the Huftings, at the Eaft end of the 
 Hall. The Foreign Embafladors, the Lords of the Council, and 
 others, of the Peerage and Nobility, at the two next Tables raifed on 
 each fide of the Hall. The reft of the Hall was ordered as is ufual in 
 fuch a Solemnity, the Lord Mayor and the Aldermen dining at a table 
 raifed at the weft-end of the Hall, and the Citizens of the Liveries at 
 feveral tables, which filled the whole Body of the Hall. 
 
 His Lordfhip beginning the feveral Healths of His Majefty, the 
 Queen, and His Royal Highnefs, the Hall was filled with Shouts and 
 acclamations at the naming of the Health. 
 
 After dinner His Majefty was entertained with a Royal Banquet, 
 glorious to the Eye, and delicious to the Palate, ferved in with excel- 
 lent conformity. 
 
 The whole Service was managed with as good order and decency, 
 as the circumftances could poflibly admit ; nothing being omitted by 
 the City that might exprefs their duty to their Majefties, and the 
 humble fenfe they had particularly of this gracious condefcenfion. 
 
 A Song fung at the Lord Mayor's Table. 
 
 Joy in the Gates, 
 
 And Peace to the States 
 
 Of this City, which fo debonair is : 
 Let the Kings Health go round. 
 The Queen's and the Duke's Health be crown 'd 
 
 With my Lord's, and the Lady Mayorefs. 
 Here is never a Pate 
 That hath Plots againft the State, 
 
 All are pure, and ingenuoufly Loyal, 
 For it can never be 
 That he, or thee, or me. 
 
 Can be Righteous, that is not Royal. 
 Divifions are bafe, 
 And of Lucifer's race ; 
 
 Civil Wars from the bottom of Hell come ; 
 Before ye doth ftand 
 The plenty of the Land, 
 
 And my Lord Mayor doth bid ye Welcome. 
 
 Chorus. 
 Let Buff Coat and Feather 
 Go Drumming together ; 
 
 We fear not the force of Invafion : 
 The Voice and the Lute 
 Make a fweeter difpute, 
 
 Love is the beft art of perfwafion. 
 
sn 
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 Then feaft and be fat, 
 Both in flefh and Eftate ; 
 
 Be frolick with tempered pleafure ; 
 The Land doth exhibit, 
 The World doth contribute, 
 
 To line all the City with Treafure. 
 
 Then let us not want. 
 What ever come on't ; 
 
 Jehovah on purpofe did fend it : 
 For every man's Wealth 
 Is a kind of ftealth, 
 
 If he do not Judicioufly fpend it. 
 
 Our Money, like muck, 
 If thrown on a ruck, 
 
 The fertil propriety ceafes : 
 Whilft it lyes in a heap, 
 No harveft we reap, 
 
 But if fpread abroad it increafes : 
 
 Then fill t'other Load, 
 And caft it abroad, 
 
 For the good of Men, Children, and Women, 
 Elfe ye don't (I'le be true t'ye,) 
 Perform all your Duty j 
 
 True Citizens ftiould be Free-men. 
 
 Chorus. 
 My Lord with his Power 
 Makes the City fecure. 
 
 As a Tow'r-wall with valiant men on't. 
 Then let us with Joy, 
 Sing Vive le Roy, 
 
 And drink to the King's Lieutenant. 
 
 May this Years Mayoralty fo happy prove. 
 
 That ye may wallow in each others Love j 
 
 And every Subjedl his Endeavours bring 
 
 To th' Fear of God and Honour of the King. 
 
 May Trade increafe, with Piety and Pity, 
 
 (For TraflSck is the Sinews of the City). 
 
 That Fort {hall hold out in defpite of all weather. 
 
 Where Courage and Confcience are coupl'd together. 
 
 Chorus. 
 This Land and this Town have no caufe to defpair ; 
 No Nation can tell us how happy we are. 
 When each Perfon's fixt in his Judicial Chair, 
 At Whitehall the King, and at Guildhall the Mayor. 
 Then let all Joy and Honour preferve, with renown. 
 The City, the Country, the Court and the Crown. 
 
 Dinner being ended, and Night drawing on, Their Majefties re- 
 turned to Whitehall, extreamly pleafed at the great refpe6ls with 
 which the City received the honour of their prefence, which was ac- 
 companied with the univerfal Joy and acclamations of the People, 
 who had on this occafion thronged all the Streets where Their Ma- 
 jefties paft, in moft incredible numbers. 
 
 His Lordfliip, being attended by a retinue of his own Company, 
 
5i8 APPENDIX. 
 
 took Coach, and was conduced to Clothworkers-Hall, without that 
 troublefome Night Ceremony, which hath been formerly, when S'. 
 Pauls Church was ftanding. When his Lordfhip was houfed, thofe 
 that attended on him departed with order and conveniency : and all 
 the Triumphs and Silk-Works were, by the care of the Matters Ar- 
 tificers, lodged for that night in Elackwell-Hall, till the next Day fol- 
 lowing. 
 
 Thus, to their Honours, the Company of Grocers have with inde- 
 fatigable Induftry and AfFe6lion ; four times been at the Charge of 
 fuch Triumphs, fmce the happy Reftauration of His Majefty. 
 
 To clofe up all, the Artifts and Artificers employed in this Days 
 Triumph (each of them deferving ample commendation) bid ye Fare- 
 wel. 
 
 The Triumphs of London 
 
 Performed on Tuefday, 0£l:ober 29, 1678, for the Entertainment 
 
 of the 
 
 Right Honourable and truly Noble Pattern of 
 
 Prudence and Loyalty, 
 
 Sir James Edwards, Knight, 
 
 Lord Mayor of the City of London. 
 
 Containing A true defcription of the feveral Pageants, with the 
 
 Speeches fpoken on each Pageant, together with 
 
 the Songs fung in this folemnity. 
 
 All fet forth at the proper Cofts and Charges of the worfhipful 
 
 Company of Grocers. 
 
 Defigned and Compofed by THO. JORDAN, Gent. 
 
 Quando magis dignos licuit fpeftare triumphos ? 
 
 London, printed for John Playford, at the Temple Church. 
 
 1678. 
 
 The Triumphs of London. 
 
 To The Right Honourable Sir James Edwards, Knight, Lord 
 Mayor of the City of London. 
 
 In all flourifhing kingdoms throughout the univerfe (efpecially 
 iflands) honeft merchants and ufeful merchandize have been ever had in 
 
APPENDIX. 519 
 
 a reverential efteem, their profeffion in all former ages highly magni- 
 fied, and their perfons honourably valued : in that by their coft, adven- 
 tures, diligence, and vigilance, incognite countries have been difcovered, 
 royal amity introduced and confirmed with tranfmarine eftates and 
 princes : as alfo (by reafon of their generous examples, and prevalent 
 perfwafions) very brutifli nations, with barbarous natures, have been 
 reduced to meeknefs, order, and civility. By merchants, all exotic 
 commodities from every part of the world are made communicable in 
 traf&ck with us, whofe numerous varieties, pleafant rarities, and fub- 
 ftantial neceffaries, ferve both for delight and profit to the crown and 
 kingdom. They increafe fhipping, multiply navigators, and employ 
 all handicrafts. Many of them have not only been the ereftors of 
 ftately ftruftures, but the founders of great and famous cities. What 
 may be faid of merchants and their trafficks, their antiquity, dignity, 
 magnanimity, generofity and urbanity, is fitter to fill a volume, than 
 to be contra6i:ed in the narrow bondage of a compendious epiftle. 
 
 Therefore fince your Lordfhip hath fo ample an intereft in this pre- 
 cedent charafter, it is an efpecial aft of Almighty Providence, to in- 
 dulge and dignifie this honourable city with fuch an accompliflied 
 Magiftrate, whofe examples and precepts are both prudent and pious, 
 and may juftly provoke all perfons under your government to be re- 
 gular and obedient ; which although but for one year, yet is the epi- 
 tome of a life-time : thorow which, that you may have the daily ma- 
 nudu£lion of that great Governour of heaven and earth (the only ruler 
 of princes) fhall be the aflidual wifhes and devout defires of, 
 My Lord, 
 
 Your heartily humble Servant, 
 
 THO. JORDAN. 
 
 To the Worthy Society and Worfhipful Company of 
 
 Grocers. 
 
 Gentlemen, 
 
 In obedience to your commands, and punSual performance of 
 my promife, I crave permiflion to falute you with a perfeft Copy of 
 this year's triumphs, wherein I have not exprefs'd fuch fterility of in- 
 vention, as to reiterate or imitate any thing which I have formerly 
 done myfelf, or any other authors that heretofore have performed this 
 duty, either in defignation of the whole, or compofition and order of 
 the parts, relating either to the figures, ftruftures, or orations, thofe 
 things only excepted which are the trophies of antiquity, and efpecial 
 marks of diftinftion, in the frequent reprefentation of the worfhipful 
 companies' creft and fupporters, the camel and gryphons, with all 
 
Sio APPENDIX. 
 
 their accomplifliments and decoration. If in all, or anything I have 
 my endeavours correfpondent to your expe6tation, I fhall humbly hope 
 I may defervedly acquire the title of, 
 Gentlemen, 
 
 Your moft humble and faithful Servant, 
 
 THO. JORDAN. 
 
 The Triumphs of London. 
 
 The Agitations of the Morning. 
 
 THE generous citizens, felefted for the order of this day's triumph 
 (according to the di6lates of ancient form and cuftom) aflemble 
 together at feven of the clock in the morning, at Grocers-Hall. 
 
 1 . Threefcore poor men accommodated with gowns and caps, each 
 of them imployed in bearing a flandard or banner. 
 
 2. Fifty gentlemen-ufhers in velvet coats, each of them a chain of 
 gold about his (houlder, and in his hand a white ftalF. 
 
 3. A certain number of budg-batchelors, in gowns and fcarlet 
 hoods. 
 
 4. The batchelors, a part thereof in gowns faced with foins, and 
 their hoods. 
 
 5. The livery in their gowns faced with budg, and their hoods. 
 
 6. The matters, wardens, and affiftants in gowns faced with foins 
 and their hoods. 
 
 7. Twelve other gentlemen for bearing banners and colours, feme 
 in plufh coats and fome in bufF, they alfo wearing fcarfs about their 
 fhoulders, of the companies colours. 
 
 8. Thirty-fix trumpets ; the ferjeant trumpet, with his fcarf of his 
 Lordfhip's colours, and of a crimfon about his Ihoulder, and a leading 
 ftafFin his hand. 
 
 9. Fourteen drums ; the drum-major with a crimfon fcarf about his 
 wafte, his leading ftafF in his hand, and three fifes with banners. 
 
 ID. Divers drums and fifes, with red fcarfs, and the colours of the 
 company. 
 
 1 1 . The two city-marfhals, each of them riding on horfeback, with 
 fix fervitors to attend them, with fcarfs and colours of the company. 
 
 12. The foot-marfhal and fix attendants with the like fcarfs and 
 colours. 
 
 13. TheMafterof Defence, with the fame fcarf and colours, having 
 perfons of his own fcience to attend him. 
 
 14. Divers other Penfioners in red gowns, white fleeves, and flat 
 
APPENDIX. 521 
 
 caps, each of them carrying a javelin in one hand, and a target in the 
 other, wherein is painted the Coat-armour of their benefactors. 
 
 Thefe perfons are fet apart for the duty of the day, who meeting at 
 the time and place aforefaid, proceed as followeth. 
 
 The foot marfhal ranks them out, two and two, beginning with the 
 penfioners in gowns, and in the front of them placeth the companies 
 enfigns, four drums, and one fife ; in the rere of them fall in the feveral 
 penfioners in coats bearing feveral banners and ftandards ; after them, 
 fix trumpets ; after them the gryphons and camel enfigns (the fup- 
 porters and creft of the worfhipful Company of Grocers) and fix gen- 
 tlemen ufliers ; after them the budg-batchelors, who conclude this 
 divifion. 
 
 In the rere of thofe, fall fix trumpets ; after them two gentlemen 
 bearing two banners, the one of the cities,the other of the companies j 
 after them follow two gentlemen-ufliers, after them the foins-batche- 
 lors, concluding this divifion. 
 
 In the rere thereof, firft fall in the king's drum major and four other 
 of the king's drums and fifes; after them,twogentlemen ufhers bearing 
 two banners, the one the king's, the other the cities ; after them, ten 
 gentlemen-ufhers, habited as is fet down before ; and after them, the 
 livery, which endeth that divifion. 
 
 In the rere of them fall others of the city trumpets ; after them two 
 gentlemen bearing the banners of the city and the Lord Mayor ; 
 twelve gentlemen ufliers appointed as aforefaid follow them, and after 
 them the court of affiftants put a period to that divifion. 
 
 In the rere of themfalls the ferjeant trumpet, after him fixteen other 
 of the king's trumpets and kettle-drums ; after them three other gen- 
 tlemen, bearing the king's, the Duke of York's, and S' George's 
 banner j after them fourteen gentlemen-ufliers ; to follow them are 
 appointed four pages ; and after them, the mafter and wardens, which 
 terminate the firfl: and chief divifion. 
 
 Thus accomplifli'd, they march from their place of meeting to 
 Go!dfmith's-Hall, beginning with the penfioners, until the marflial 
 comes and makes a halt at the gate, till fuch time as his lordfliip and 
 the aldermen are mounted. 
 
 Which being done, the whole body move to Guild-Hall, where the 
 Lord Mayor eleft joyneth with the old Lord Mayor and his retinue; 
 fo all of them march through King-fl:reet down to Three-Crane- 
 Wharf, where the Lord Mayor, Aldermen, and their attendants take 
 barge ; alfo the Grocers Company do likewife embarge, whilfl: the 
 refidue remain behind, viz. the gentlemen ufliers. The budg-batche- 
 lors repair to places of refrefliment. 
 
 His Lordfliip, the Aldermen, the Company of Grocers, and other 
 
 3x 
 
522 APPENDIX. 
 
 companies, landing at Weftminfter, have a lane made them through 
 which they pafs to Weftminfter-Hall, and there having performed 
 feveral ceremonial and cuftomary dutres and obligations, as an oath to 
 be true and faithful to his majeftyand government eftabliflied, fealing 
 of writs in the court there held ; and having taken leave of the lords 
 and barons of the exchequer, &c.;and doing fome charitable offices to 
 the poor of that place, return to their barges, a lane being made as 
 before for their paffage to the water-fide, and there orderly embarge. 
 His lordfliip, with thofe attending him (the cojnpanies) land at 
 Black Fryar-ftairs, in order to their ftands in Cheapfide j where he 
 and they are faluted with three volleys by (the military glory of this 
 nation) the company of artillery-men, they being all in their martial 
 ornaments of gallantry, fome in buff with head-pieces, many of them 
 maffy filver. From Black Fryar flairs they march before my Lord 
 Mayor and Aldermen through Cheapfide to Guild- Hall. Thofe that 
 went not to Weftminfter, viz. the penfioners and banners, being fet in 
 order, ready to march, the foot marftial in the rere of the artillery- 
 company, leads the way along by the channel upLudgate-Hill, through 
 Ludgate into S'. Paul's churchyard, andfo into Cheapfide, where his 
 lordfliip is entertained by the firft fcene or pageant. 
 
 A Defcriptidh of the firft Pageant. 
 
 Upon a large ftage,.in the van, is exhibited the lively pourtraiture of 
 a well grown camel, fo curioufly carved and exquifitely gilded, that it 
 appeareth like a live animal in a hide of mafly gold, and is the creft 
 upon the arms of the worftiipful Company of Grocers. This Camel 
 is back'd by a young negro-boy, fitting betwixt two filver. hampers 
 plentifully ftored with all forts of fruits, and fragrant fpices, and what 
 ever elfe is pertinent to grocery; which after the fubfequent fpeech is 
 delivered, the negro with a prodigal hand, fcatereth abroad in the 
 tumult, jyhere you might fee an hundred perfons confufedlyfcrambling 
 in the dirt for the frail atchievement of a bunch of raifins, or a handful ^ 
 of dates, almonds, nutmegs ; this negro-boy is habited in an Indian 
 robe of divers colours, a wreath of various colour'd feathers on his 
 black woolly bead:,;, filv-er buflcins laced, and furfled with gold, a bridle 
 of white and red ribon (the companys colours) ; at each hand of him 
 fitteth a. virgin, one of them reprefenting Induftry, in a robe of ruflet 
 colour'd filk.agreen farfnet mantle, a peruke of dark brown hair, about 
 which is a wreath of flowers and fruits, watchet filk hofe, gray bufkins 
 laced with crimfon ribon ; in one hand flie beareth a filver pruning 
 hook, in the other a banner of the companies. The other perfon is a 
 beautiful young lady reprefenting Fortune, in a yellow robe, a purple 
 
APPENDIX. 523 
 
 mantle, a long curl'd bright brown hair, a golden coronet upon her 
 head, carnation filk hofe, and yellow bulkins, laced with filver ribon; 
 in her left hand flie beareth a green fliield, charged with a fliip under 
 fail ; and in hsrright handia. banner of my Lord IVIayors. 
 ,, And in the_ rere of this pageant is a fortrefs, properly called the 
 Fortrefs; of. Goverment, founded upon a Rock of Adamant, whofe 
 walls are of hrafs, in a quadrangular, form, embattail'd, with feveral 
 turrets and bulwarks.on which great brazen guns, mounted upon car- 
 riages, are planted; and within thefe walls (fituate in the centre) is 
 ere6ted the granigolden tower royal, on which is difplayed'a very large 
 banner of the Grocers : — 
 
 X. Fidelity, ftanding, in front upon the battlement, is thus arrayed, 
 in a veft; of filver, on which is braced a golden breaft plate, a filver 
 C9rfle;t about his neck, long brown curl'd hair on his hiead, and upon 
 that a golden helmet, with a large plume of white feathers, tipp'd with 
 red, blew, yellow, and green ; a fcarf of fcarlet cplour'd filk and gold ; 
 a fword hanging in it, with :a golden -hilt; purple filk hofe; gold bufkins, 
 laced and furfled with fcarlet and filver ribon ; in his left hand he raifeth 
 a lanpe pf filyer ; and in bis right hand ( which is armed with a golden 
 ejbovif gantlet)he sdvanceth a filver truncheon: his aflbciates, confede- 
 rates, and attendants, are Loyalty, Vigilancy, Juftice, Conftancy,Wit, 
 Copcord, Religion, Union,, and Truth, in thefe fignifican:t diftindl 
 habits. : ■■' 
 
 .J. Loyalty, in a purple, robe, femiaed with ftars of gold, a golden 
 fcarf, crofs from the right fhoulder to the left fide, fcarlet eolour'd filk 
 hofe, filyer .buikins, laced- and furfled with fky-colour and gold ribon; 
 a long curl'd bright brown peruque,and on it a filver coronet of golden 
 hearts ; fbe beareth in her left hand, on a fliield gules, the rofe and 
 crown, or, with this preceptive, divine, and moral motto about it, — 
 
 Deum timete, regem honorate. 
 : \ , - - . Fear God, honour the-king. 
 
 In the other hand ,a banner of the Cities. 
 
 2. Vigilancy V in a filver robe, a French green mantle, feeded with 
 waking eyes; a fair, long, bright, curling hair, a chaplet on her head 
 of jefemine, mingled with mirtle, caprifolium, and eyebright; in one 
 hand fhe beareth a fhield argent, charged with a peacock, his tail dif- 
 played; in the other hand a. banner, of my. lor(h. ■ 
 
 3. Juftice, in a long crimfon robe,and on it a golden manti*, fringed 
 with filver, on her head a long diflievel'd hair of a flaxen colour, on 
 which is a coronet of filver ; in one hand a balance ; her bufkins are 
 purple, fprinkledwith gold ftars, laced and furfled with gold and fcarlet 
 ribon j about her coronet is written this memento : — 
 
524 APPENDIX. 
 
 Inlquitatem intermittite et juftitiam facite. 
 
 Ezech. xlv. 9. 
 Remove violence and execute juftice. 
 
 4. Conftancy, in a watchet robe, a filver mantle, filk hofe, of Aurora 
 colour'd filk, filver bufkins, laced and furfled with fky-colour and gold 
 ribon ; a long brown curl'd hair, and on her head a golden crown, 
 having in front the figure of a feaman's compafs, to exprefs the conftant 
 verticity of the needle to the north pole ; flie beareth a fliield or, 
 charged with a rock of adamant, the four winds blowing againft it, and 
 the motto Immota triumphans. In her right hand a banner of the 
 Kings. 
 
 5. Wit, in an Indian farfnet robe, of divers colours, a lemon colour'd 
 mantle, fringed with gold; a bright brown hair, curioufly curl'd, and 
 tyed with fundry knots of fmall ribon of all colours, and on it a chaplet 
 of bayes, intermingled with golden berries in clufters. In her right 
 hand an efcutcheon, vert, a reynard or, with a goofe neck in his mouth, 
 and her body circumflexed over his back argent ; in her left hand a 
 banner of the cities. 
 
 6. Concord, a fair virgin in a fcarlet colour'd robe, a fky colour and 
 gold fcarf, a fair bright hair, and about her head a garland of white and 
 redrofes, intimating the concordof York and Lancafter; white bufkins, 
 laced with watchet and gold ribon ; in her left hand a fliield, charged 
 with a bower of mirtles, for fuch is the nature of thofe trees, that if 
 they be planted a good fpace one from another, they will meet, and 
 with twining, one embrace the other. 
 
 7. Religion, in a fable robe, a crimfon mantle, a fair hair, on 
 which is a coronet of golden flars, gold bufkins, laced with black 
 ribon, bearing a buckler in one hand, where (on a mount vert, planted 
 with olives), is a crucifix, proper; in the other hand a banner on an 
 angelical flaiF, bearing a crofs gules, in a field, argent. 
 
 8. Union, in a robe of green farfnet, fprinkled with divers annulets 
 of gold, a chain of gold thrice double about her neck, her legs and 
 feet beautified with bufkins of gold, furfled with watchet filk, and filver 
 ribon, a wreath of green laurel, (about a long curl'd peruque of bright 
 hair), on her head, bearing in one hand an efcutcheon vert, charged 
 with a triangle with a circle, or, in the other hand a banner of the 
 grocers. 
 
 9. Truth in a white farfnet robe, a cloth of filver mantle, a fair 
 bright crifpy curl'd flaxen hair, a garland of white lillies, white filk 
 hofe, white bufkins, laced with filver ribon ; in one hand a large fan 
 of ftars, (with which fhe chafeth away error) in the other hand a 
 banner of my Lord Mayors. 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 525 
 
 Fidelity, arifing up from her feat with an obedient bow, addrefleth 
 to his lordfhip in this congratulation following : — 
 
 The Firft Speech, fpoken by Fidelity. 
 
 Much honour'd Lord, this ftrufture you behold, 
 
 Whofe outward walls are brafs, and tower gold, 
 
 Arra'd in fuch martial manner, doth prefent 
 
 The faithful fortrefs of juft government. 
 
 The Adamantine rock 'tis built upon 
 
 Merits the name of true religion. 
 
 The Walls are made of Union, and well known 
 
 To be intire ; Truth is the corner-ftone. 
 
 The battlements are Concord ; bulwarks be 
 
 Built, man'd, and govern'd by integritie. 
 
 The Guns are laws of wholefome inftitution j 
 
 The gunner puts them all in execution, 
 
 When Juftice gives command ; this golden tower 
 
 Is built by Policy, and held by Power, 
 
 Which is in all and every degree 
 
 The Seat of government and foveraigntie : 
 
 Loyalty, Vigilance, Fortitude, and Wit, 
 
 With Conftancy, and Concord, govern it ; 
 
 Who all, by turns, do take orders from me. 
 
 That bear the title of Fidelitie. 
 
 And though this fort, thus arm'd and top'd by Glory, 
 
 Is but a model built by Allegory, 
 
 The moral's pertinent, and pregnant too, 
 
 It intimates your government and you : 
 
 Without thefe virtues which are here fet forth, 
 
 A magiftrate will want much of his worth. 
 
 Rebellion, fraud, whoredom, and felonie. 
 
 In a fhort time will grow greater than he. 
 But you, my lord, are furni(h'd with all thefe 
 Virtues, and of this fort deferve the keyes ; {Pointing to the To'u/er. 
 
 'Tis for your company a ftorehoufe made j 
 
 This laden Camel bears part of your trade, [To the Camel. 
 
 Which, back'd by an Indian, Tallies from the Fort, 
 
 T' exprefs their plenty, and to fhew you fport : 
 
 All which, with every good that traffick brings. 
 
 This year defires the ihelter of your wings. 
 
 Becaufe you are with all the graces plum'd. 
 
 And 'tis by moft wife virtuous men prefum'd. 
 
 That with true juftice, piety, and power, 
 
 You'l (hew yourfelf a faithful governour. 
 
 This ipeech thus ended, and my Lord exprefling fortie fignals of 
 acceptation, his honour advanceth with his right worfliipful fraternity 
 (the fage Senators of the City) further forward into Cheapfide ; where 
 he is again intercepted by two diftin6l ftages, on which are eminently 
 planted two great golden gryphons, the fupporters to the Coat armour 
 of the Grocers Company, on which are vigoroufly mounted two aftive 
 Negros, in rich Eaft Indian veftments, with coronets of many colour'd 
 eathers, the one of them bears a large banner of his lordfhips family 
 coat, and the other as large a banner of the Grocers' corporation 
 
526 APPENDIX. 
 
 coat, and at the corners of both thefe ftages, fit four figures in the 
 habits and ornaments as hereafter is defcribed : — 
 
 I. Love; 2. Honour; 3. Courage; 4. Courtezy. 
 
 1 . Love, a handfome fair boy, with a curl'd flaxen peruke, a coronet 
 round befet with bleeding hearts ; a filver robe, a carnation fcarf, on 
 which hangeth a golden quiver full of gold and filver arrows, golden 
 wings upon his (boulders ; a filver bow in one hand, and a banner of 
 the cities in the other. 
 
 2. Honour, in a purple robe poudred with ftars of gold, a fcarlet 
 mantle fringed with gold, curl'd black hair, on it a royal diadem, 
 watchet fi!k hofe ; white bufkins laced with gold ribon, bearing a ban- 
 ner of the kings. 
 
 3. Courage, a perfon of heroick vifage, with fhort brown hair, on 
 it a golden coronet, a flame-colour'd fhort robe, a (ky-colour'd fcarf 
 fringed with filver, plufh-colour'd hofe, blew bufkins, with carnation 
 ribon ; in his hand a banner of my Lord Mayors. 
 
 4. Courtezy, in a crimfon robe fringed with gold, and filver fcarf, 
 bright brown hair ; a chaplet of red and white rofes, in one hand Ihe 
 bears a ftiield charged with the figures of a falutation ; in the other, a 
 banner of the Companies. 
 
 And in the rere of thefe gryphons, on another ftage is a fcene of 
 great fplendour, defigned for — 
 
 The Pageant defcribed. 
 
 A fhrine, or Indian flructure erefted according to the Dorick order 
 of architedture, addorned with lively pieces of imagerie round about, 
 and on the nigh extremity is exalted a mafculine lively perfon, richly 
 vefted in a filver robe ; a fky-colour'd mantle, a long bright hair, 
 crowned with a coronet of penfils, of all colours, holding in his right 
 hand a banner of the kings, and reprefenteth the triumph of tran- 
 quillity, called Ovatio. 
 
 This temple-like fabrick in front ftands fo open that with eafy per- 
 fpecuity every common eye may difcharge it's fight up to the high 
 alter, on which [fits] an £aft-Indian deity called Opulenta, a repre- 
 fentative of all the intrinfic treafure in the Oriental Indies ; and is their 
 tutelary goddefs, before whofe fhrine the idolatrous natives (after the 
 preparation of a long feafl) with pagan piety, and diabolical devotion, 
 proftrate themfelves with all the adoration imaginable. 
 
 Her face and hair are black ; her ears are adorned with two rich 
 pendants of great round oriental pearl ; her flioulders, breaft and neck, 
 are bare, on which is a necklace of diamonds ; fhe is crown'd with a 
 coronet of fun-beams ; her robe is of all colours, richly interwoven 
 
APPENDIX. 527 
 
 with filk, gold, filver, and jewels ; a fcarf of gold, filver buflcins, 
 laced with gold ribon ; in one hand (he advanceth a golden fceptre, in 
 the other fhe beareth a banner of the kings. 
 
 Beneath her fit three black Indian princes, viz. Animalia, Mine- 
 ralia, Vegetabilia, who bear in their hands each of them a great golden 
 key of eighteen inches long, as principal clavigers or key-keepers to 
 all the treafuries of India, and generally to all human nature; compre- 
 hending the diverfities of trafick and feveral commodities, which our 
 noble Englifli merchants bring from India to England, by whom the 
 druggefts arefurnilhed fromthence,with barks, woods,roots, fruits and 
 gums, ambergreece, with divers aromats ; which by the learned direc- 
 tions of the phyfician, wifdom of the chymift, and art of the apothe- 
 cary, are extracted and compounded for curation and confer^'ation. 
 The grocers are fupply'd and plentifully ftor'd with all forts of fpices, 
 as pepper, cinamon, cloves, mace, nutmegs, alfo with rice, maftick, 
 fanaars of all forts, with varietie of fruits, and other commodities too 
 numerous for repetition. 
 
 In feveral confpicuous and convenient vicinitys about this fhrine, 
 fit the reprefentatives of fix eminent Indian cities, in feveral rich 
 Indian habits ; with the figures of Cities upon their heads worn as 
 crowns or coronets, and are diftinguifhed by thefe well known appel- 
 lations, viz. Fortam, Sarabain, Tuban, Matura, Surat, and Bantam, 
 thelaft of which is theCity of moflrtraffique, frequented by Portugals, 
 Dutch, and Englifli, in which every day are three feveral markets. 
 The habits of thefe three princes firlt mentioned, are thus properly 
 diftinguiflied. 
 
 1. Animalia, in a robe painted with quadrupedes, volatiles, and 
 reptiles, viz. beafts, birds, flyes, and crawling creatures or infefts (as 
 fhe reprefenteth all animals that have life, and fenfe), an Indian Silk 
 Scarf crofs her fhoulder, interwoven with Silver ; black hair, a coronet 
 of various colour'd feathers, a rope of pearl about her neck; and pen- 
 dant jewels in her ears : bearing in one hand a golden key, in the 
 other a banner of the cities. 
 
 2. Vegetabilia, in a painted robe of trees, flowers, herbs, and 
 fundry plants, that have life and growth, but neither fenfe, nor volun- 
 tary motion ; a filver green and grey fcarf, a dark brown peruke, a 
 chaplet of flowers, and fruits upon her head; in her left hand, a golden 
 key, of like form and length with the other, and in her right hand a 
 banner of my Lord Mayor's. 
 
 3. MiNERALiA, in a rich robe, allimbfoidered with gold, filver, and 
 precious jewels ; a purple and filver fcarf, on her head a black hair, 
 crov/n'd with a diadem of precious ftones, of divers colours and ex- 
 cellent luftre ; in one hand a golden key, fet with diamonds, emeralds. 
 
528 APPENDIX. 
 
 faphirs, amethifts, and fmaragds, as the principal conferver of all 
 mines, and minerals ; in the other hand flie waveth a banner of the 
 Companie's. 
 
 My Lord Mayor being attentively prepared, the goddefs Opulenta, 
 rifing up from her feat, with a majeftick behaviour, doth oblige his 
 lordfliip's regard, to the delivery of a fpeech. 
 
 The Second Speech, fpoken by Opulenta. 
 
 This clime is England fure : it doth prefent [^I.ook about Iier. 
 
 So much of honour, union, government ; 
 
 And this muft needs be London, who in ftate, 1 
 
 As fame tells me, this day doth celebrate >• 
 
 Th' inauguration of their magiftrate. J 
 
 This muft be hee. I wifli him good event ; 
 
 His prefence doth prefage good government. 
 
 {Look on the Lord Mayor. 
 Then I addrefs myfelf, much honoured lord, \Bonus, 
 To you, that bear the civil city fword. 
 
 And I have brought three princes with me : thefe [PointetA to them. 
 Are they that keep my oriental keys, 
 Vegetabilia, Animalia, and ") 
 
 Rich Mineralia, under whofe command > 
 Are all the treafures of the Indian land. J 
 
 Six cities do attend me too, but none 
 
 So bright and beautiful as is your own. 
 Here's Fortam, Sarabin, Tuban (that 
 Yields fplce), Matura, Bantam, and Surat. \To the cities. 
 Cities, great Sir, whofe traffique hath been free 
 T' your Lordihip and the Grocer's Company, 
 Who do this day (mov'd by your high deferts) 
 In triumphs pay the tribute of their hearts : 
 Becaufe their good Lord Mayor's power doth fpring 
 From honour's fountain, in my Lord the King. 
 The head of four great kingdoms, yet would be 
 (Such was his candour and urbanity) 
 A Member of the Grocers Company. 
 
 May you prove profperous, and (when you pleale) 
 
 You mall command my cities and my keys ; 
 My Deity itfelf : but I divine 
 You do adore a power greater than mine ; 
 A God that doth all other Gods excellj 
 Imitate him, and you will govern well. 
 
 His Lordfliip, well pleafed with the aptitude of this compofition, 
 and the promptitude of the emphatical fpeaker, exprefleth fome de- 
 monftrations of approbation and moveth through the multitude, until 
 a fcene of delight doth invite him to a ftand ; which is an Indian plan- 
 tation, with its governor, the fpeaker with feveral laborers, planters, 
 and drolls ; both for utility, jucundity, profit and pleafure. 
 
 The Plantation delineated. 
 
 Under the declivity of a verdant hill, which the floriferous hand of 
 
 } 
 
APPENDIX. 529 
 
 nature had crown'd with a diverfe colour'd diadem of flowers, inclin- 
 ing to that fertil point of the compafs, which is the empire of Aufter; 
 on a rich vale is fituate a copious plantation of fpices, as woods of cin- 
 namon, pleafant groves of nutmegs and cloves, orchards of lemons and 
 oranges, furpaffing thofe of Spain, reprefenting a plantation in that 
 part of Eaft-India called the Ifland of Zelon, not far diftant from the 
 point of India called Cape Comerin, which for fertility may be com- 
 pared to any country in the whole univerfe. 
 
 It abounds in odoriferous aromatical fpices, with whole woods of 
 the beft cinamon that ever the fun faw ; alfo there are found the beft 
 fmaragds, rubies, and ambergreece throughout all Afia. In this Ifland, 
 the place of greateft note is Colmucki, the feat royal of the chief king 
 of that Ifland, fituate on a capacious bay in the fouth-weft of it, and 
 of moft trade in all this Country ; many great fhips laden with cinamon, 
 gems, elephants, and other Indian commodities going yearly thence. 
 
 But in this reprefentative plantation in that Ifland, on an eminent 
 confpicuous pofition, fitteth Aromatario, the Governour of it, thus 
 habited and accomodated : in a robe of fcarlet-colour'd filk and gold ; 
 a mantle of purple and filver ; a black curl'd peruke ; a coronet of 
 gold, pointed with feveral forts of Indian trees, which ftand eredl, as if 
 growing about his head ; green bulkins ftarrified with gold, and laced 
 with filver and gold ribon; in his hand a banner of the companie's. 
 Beneath him fit four figures, reprefenting Toyl, Traflick, Treafure 
 and Triumph, thus accoutred. 
 
 1. Toyl. In a gray filk robe; an orange-colour'd mantle, edg'd 
 and fring'd with filver ; a brownilh curl'd hair ; a wreath of leaves ; 
 green nutmegs, cloves, and large mace ; gray filk hofe ; Iky-colour'd 
 bulkins, laced with yellow ribon : in one hand a fhield, painted with 
 mattock, fpade, and graffing knives ; in the other hand a banner of my 
 lord's. 
 
 2. Traffick. In a fand-colour'd robe of filk ; or fea-green man- 
 tle, fringed with filver and gold ; a fair curl'd peruke ; a coronet upon 
 his head, bearing on the top the figure of a Ship under fail : in one 
 hand a fliield, argent, charged with the four winds, perflant ; in the 
 other hand a banner of the citie's. 
 
 3. Treasure. In a cloth of gold robe ; a watchet filk and filver 
 mantle ; a long brown curl'd peruke, a coronet of gold, richly adorn'd 
 with jewels ; crimfon filk ftockings ; gold buflcins, with purple and 
 filver ribon ; a banner of the Companie's. 
 
 4. Triumph. In a robe ofcarnation and filver; a mantle of diverfe- 
 colour'd feathers, tip'd with gold and filver ; a black long curl'd pe- 
 ruke ; a ducal crown of gold, with a plume of feathers of feveral orient 
 colours ; pearl-colour'd hofe ; filver buflcins, laced with pink-colour 'd 
 
 3 Y 
 
530 APPENDIX. 
 
 ribon ; in one hand flie beareth a target, vert, charged with a fimilitude 
 of a triumphant chariot, or ; in the other hand a banner of the king's. 
 The front part of the ftage is planted with variety of trees, bearing 
 all forts of fpices, and fruits, as oranges and lemons, citrons and pome- 
 granates ; with feveral planters and labourers at work, fome digging, 
 fome planting ; others pruning, dreffing, and gathering ; with divers 
 drolls, piping, dancing, tumbling ; and fundry kinds of mimical geftures, 
 antick motions, ingenious confufion, and ftudious diforder : but a ge- 
 neral ceflation, and filence being proclaim'd Aromatario, their Gover- 
 nor, ftanding up in the pofture of an addrefs, delivereth this following 
 oration to his lordfhip. 
 
 The Third Speech, fpoken by Aromatorio, the Governor. 
 
 Illuftrious Lord, under whofe wife commands 
 
 The chiefeft city in Great Britain ftands, 
 
 Aromatorio, the governour 
 
 Of this plantation, doth prefent his power 
 
 And profits to your praetor&ip, whofe wit 
 
 And well-known worth can govern him and it. 
 
 I do not to your honour's hands prefer 
 
 The gifts of gold, of frankincenfe and myrrh : 
 
 Nor can I offer up the golden fleece. 
 
 But fmaragds, rubies, pearls, and ambergreece. 
 
 Gums, aromats, and fpices of the beft. 
 
 More Odoriferous than the Phoenix neft, 
 
 Or her own flames, whofe aflies on that hearth 
 
 At once produce both funeral and birth. 
 
 But you, my Lord, in fweets excell that flame. 
 Who have the precious ointment of good name. 
 
 No aromats like his, that is indeed 
 
 With juftlce, prudence, temperance, fortitude : 
 
 No brighter jewels in both Indies be 
 
 Comparative to faith, hope, charity. 
 
 Love, Loyalty, Cncerity and truth 
 
 (The honour of old age : glory of youth) ; 
 
 Thefe are thofe jewels, which, when juft men have. 
 
 They never dye, but bloom even in the grave. 
 
 You being thus enriched, well may the voyce 
 
 Of your eleftors triumph in their choyce. 
 
 And fo do I, who wim you the beft fate 
 
 That ever blefs'd a happy magiftrate. 
 
 My planting people now fliall fing and play : 
 Fall to your fports, this is my Lord Mayor's day. 
 
 [To the planters, they aUJhout. 
 
 The fpeech thus ended, and the acclamation over, a flout planter, 
 with a voice like a trumpet, diflendeth his copious chops, and hoUow- 
 eth out this fonnet ; and all the reft of the workmen and drollifts fing 
 the chorus, whilft the porters bear the burden. 
 
 A Song. 
 
 With mattock, fpade, pruning-hook, ftiovel, and fieve. 
 What a life of delight do we laborers live ! 
 
APPENDIX. 53 1 
 
 The bonny biiflc planter (for delving defign'd) 
 Hath health in his body, and peace in his mind. 
 Though this as a curfe in the Scripture we read, 
 In the fweat of thy brows thou (halt purchafe thy bread. 
 Chorus. Yet by patience and labour, in digging and drefling. 
 The old curfe is converted into a new bleffing. 
 
 II. 
 
 With cinamon, cloves, mace, and all other fpice. 
 We planters have planted a new paradife. 
 We feel no effefts of the fault that was Adam's, 
 Here's pepper for gallants, and nutmegs for madams. 
 We work and we fweat, yet are never the worfe ; 
 At the rapft we have but a fpice of the curfe. 
 Chorus. But by patience and labour our treafures increafmg, 
 Hath made a converfion on't into a bleffing. 
 
 HI. 
 
 For London's great grocers we labour and work. 
 No plots againft princes in our heads do lurk : 
 We plant, fet, and fow, likewife for the phyfician. 
 But plant no rebellion, and fow no fedition. 
 The grocers and merchants are men of renown. 
 They are juft in their trading, and true to the crown. 
 Chorus. And we faithful planters ; fince all this is fo. Sirs, 
 
 Let's pray for King Charles, and his brethren the Grocers. 
 
 The fong being fung, they all fall to their drollieries, and the foot- 
 marfhal having placed the afiftants, livery, and the companies on 
 both fides of King-ftreet, and their penfioners with their targets hung 
 on the top of the javelins ; in the rere of them, the enfign bearers, 
 drums and fifes in the front ; and haften the foyns and budg-batche- 
 lors, together with the Gentlemen ufliers to Guild-Hall, where his 
 lordfliip is again faluted by the artillery men, with three vollies more, 
 which conclude their duty : his land attendants pafs through the gallery 
 or lane fo made into Guild-Hall : after which the companies repair to 
 their refpeiSidve halls to dinner, and their filk-works and triumphs are 
 likewife conveyed into Blackwell Hall and the Officers aforefaid, and 
 the children that fit in the pageants, thefe refrefh themfelves, until his 
 lordfliip hath dined at Guild-Hall. 
 
 His Lordfliip and the gueflrs being all feated, the city mufick, after 
 a little confideration and confultation one with another, conclude to 
 habit themfelves for the performance of a fong of three parts, in ftilo 
 recitativo ; or a mufical interlude prefented by three perfons ; Crab, a 
 weft countryman ; Swab, a feaman : and Self, a citizen. 
 
 The Scene, the Royal Exchange. 
 
 Enter Crab,Jiarit!g up and doixjn. 
 Crab. Thic new-made zitty zeemeth ztrange 
 Zince laft time chee did zee't ; 
 Cham vinding out the Royal-Change, 
 To try if che con meet 
 
532 APPENDIX. 
 
 Zome honeft plain weft country mon. 
 
 That we may go and doin, 
 And zit and chat and gulge a can, 
 Vor that is wellafoin. 
 
 II. 
 Thic is th' Exchange that zhoins fo pure, 
 
 Che ne're zaw building neater ; 
 They burn'd it down on purpofe zhour 
 
 To buildne up the better. 
 Here all the zltty mezles meet 
 
 In veft and velvet rocket ; 
 And here a woundy crafty cheat 
 
 One day did pike my pocket. 
 
 III. 
 'Tis very yarly day it zeems, 
 
 Vor there are vew men come ; 
 Within thic hour they'I vlow in ftreams, 
 
 A mon can get no rome. [^Enter Sivab, the Seaman. 
 But who comes here that doth appear 
 
 Rigg'd like a mon of war : 
 'Tis a Black-wall-ey'd zea-mon, zhowre. [The tune changelh. 
 
 S'wab. A fail ! a fail ! a fail ! 
 
 The Sea-mans come to fight ; 
 Whofe ftarboard 
 And larboard 
 Hath been bruifed in fight. 
 Crab. A flail, a flail, a flail, 
 
 Iche tell the mon of zeas. 
 Your failors 
 Are failors. 
 Without pork and peas. 
 S'wab. I have ftood 
 
 Bath'd in my blood, 
 When a brazen broad-fide roars ; 
 My men dying. 
 
 No flying 
 
 Crab. Zhips ha' no back doors. 
 Snvab. Where fo'ere 
 Enemies were, 
 I would chafe them like a flock : 
 And fly at 'em — 
 Crab. From Chatham 
 Up to Wapping dock. 
 
 II. 
 
 Snvab. The dreadful name of Drake, 
 In thundering eighty-eight, 
 Whofe courage 
 Did forage 
 For the Spaniard's plate, 
 I have with heart and eafe. 
 And valour on the feas, 
 Out-run him, 
 Out-done him. 
 Crab. What pickl'd lies are thefe ? [AfiM 
 Sivab. I did once dive 
 
 Down at Queen-hive, 
 I did it all at one jerk, 
 
APPENDIX. 533 
 
 And vinder water. 
 Two hours after. 
 Crab. Rofe again at Dunkirk. 
 Snuab Why, thou (heep-biter, how dar'ft thou interrupt me ? [Speak. 
 Crab. Why, thou zhip-zhiter, I did but make up rhime, vor in my confcience 
 thou hadft almoft zung thy reafon out of breath. You zaid you were two hours un- 
 der water, and I thought I would zet you azhore to dry your doublet. 
 Siuab. What, at Dunkirk i amongft ftrangers ? 
 
 Crab. Yes ; why not ? zhour the purchafers of that place may allow an Englilh- 
 mon to dry his doublet there ; che believe they have bargain good enough on't. 
 
 Sivab. My fame rings ) Sing on a repetition of the laji 
 
 Abroad, among kings J Jirain of the tune. 
 
 My valour is renouned ; 
 In fait water 
 I was never 
 Crab. Born to be drown'd. 
 Sivab. And what mean you by that. Sir ? [Speak, 
 
 Crab. Iche mean you'l have rope enough about you to devend you vrom 
 drowning. 
 
 Sivab. Sirrah ! you have a faucie interpretation ; and I could find in my heart 
 to chaftife you with my cane. 
 
 Crab, I am a whipfter. Sir, I carry my weapon in my hand ; cham not avraid of 
 a whole team of tarpaulins, vor I cham zure you ha'nt a broadfide of brafs guns in 
 your pocket. 
 
 Sivab. Go, thou'rt a tar-box ! 
 
 Crab. How, brother pitch-barrel ? [Mnter Self, the citizen.] But who comes 
 here? 
 Suuab, By his venerable face and pofture, it (hould be one Mr. Self, a citizen. 
 Crab. Zelf ? Iche think that be a great name in every town and country, efpe- 
 cially amongft the Longeners. But I don't know'n. 
 Siuab. Thou art a pretty comical fellow : what's thy name ? 
 Crab. Why, zur, cham not azham'd of my name ; my name is Crab. 
 Sivab. Gaffer Crab ? a land Crab ? I have feen a great many of your crawling 
 kindred in the Indies, Gaffer Crab, [Sivab ivalks aiuay. 
 
 Crab. Gaffer Crab ? crawling kindred ? Doth the meazle take me vor a Crab- 
 loufe ? Iche could find in my heart. [Adiiancetk his ujhip. 
 Sivab. How now, what's the matter ? [And Sivab turns about. 
 Crab. Faldera, laldera, laldera, leero. 
 
 [Crabjings afeiv notes of the Canarys, and danceth to it. 
 Sivab. You are very aftively meriy, Mr. Crab. 
 Crab. Yes, I can crab it away, I warrant ye, as well as any zea-crab o' ye all. 
 
 Another tune. 
 Sivab. O ! the valiant ftrife 
 Of a Seaman's life, 
 Whofe fame is never fading. 
 Self. Though the Change be full, 
 Yet the City's dull. 
 And droops for want of trading ; 
 It is to little purpofe now, our weighty bills of lading. 
 Shop keepers know not what to do. 
 Crab, The contry-mon doth plow and zow, 
 Harrow, weed, and reap, and mow, 
 But yet is like to ftarve on't. 
 Sivab. The greatefl fort of bufinefs now 
 Is, ma'am, your humble fervant. 
 
 II. 
 Self. What the reafon is 
 
 That doth caufe all this, 
 I gladly would be guided : 
 
534 APPENDIX. 
 
 Stuab. Want of amity 
 Breeds calamity. 
 We are too much divided 
 By atheiftick perfons ; too, 
 Religion is derided. 
 Self. With argument as light as air, 
 Sivab. Opinion's got in Reafon's chair, 
 
 And would controul the great affair 
 Of man's eternal being. 
 Crab. The new-vound lights have fpoil'd our zights, 
 And caus'd this difagreeing. 
 
 III. 
 
 Sivab. Though the citizens, 
 
 With tongues and pens. 
 Are new diftrefles faining. 
 Crab. They do veaft their chopps 
 With zhugard zopps. 
 
 They have but little gaining. 
 Sivab. They keep both Town and Country houfe. 
 Crab. They veed on capon, pig, and goofe. 
 Sivab. In fack and claret they caroufe. 
 
 And fpread their plumes in training : 
 Crab, And yet, as if not worth a lowfe, 
 They'r every hour complaining. 
 
 IV. 
 
 Sivab. Through the Ocean curl'd, 
 We furround the world, 
 
 For merchandize to ferve yee : 
 Crab. And the country cheap 
 Brings bread and meat. 
 
 That vamine may not ztarve yee. 
 Sivab. You live at home in wealth and peace, 
 Whilft we do rock and (helve it. 
 You wallow in delight and eafe. 
 Crab. Wee zend you bacon, beef and peas, 
 Whilft we do ditch and delve it ; 
 And done fuch zimple clodes as defe, 
 When you weare zilk and velvet, 
 
 V. 
 
 Self. In your vain difpute of every thing, 
 Y' are very much mifguided ; 
 As it is the chamber of the king, 
 
 It ftiould be fo provided ; 
 Therefore let no diffention fpring, 
 This argument's decided. 
 Sivab. Your London tables do excell j 
 Crab. Y' have vorty dilhes at a meal ; 
 Sivab. And yet ye neither buy nor fell, 
 
 But fufFer diminution. 
 Crab. You vead on veafant, cock, and teal. 
 
 Yet cry out perfecution. [TAe tune changeth. 
 
 Sivab. Though in duft and afties it lately was hurl'd. 
 This City may vye with all parts of the world } 
 For true uniformity, fubftance, and fliow, 
 Thefe fabricks all buildings in Europe out-go. 
 Self. But If that no trading come into the Town, 
 The City is up, but the citizen's down. 
 
APPENDIX. 535 
 
 Snuab. In ftoims and in terapefts, through waters and fires. 
 The feaman doth fetch what the city defires ; 
 From all points of the world we bring treafure untold, 
 Mulk, ambergreece, filk, filver, jewels, and gold. 
 'Tis by the fuccefs of the fea-man's affairs. 
 The City's fupplied with Shreves and Lord Mayors. 
 
 III. 
 
 Through Europe, to Afia, and Africk we' fly. 
 In Ruffia we freeze, and in India we fry ; 
 Th' antartick and artick we vifit by turn. 
 In one are we frozen, in t' other we burn. 
 
 We venture by dangerous feas, fands, and (helves. 
 
 To bring wares to the City 
 
 Crab. And wealth to yourzelves. 
 
 IV. 
 
 Self. Our City's the market, to vend all our wares. 
 
 And money's the marrow of all our affairs. 
 Crab. We zarve ye with wheat and malt, wool, milk and honey, 
 Self. It is much for our love. 
 
 Crab. I, but more vor your money. 
 
 Sioab. You'l facrifice all the fat iheep in your fold. 
 To the beautiful idol of filver and gold. 
 
 V. 
 
 Self. Your (heep and your fhips do replenifh our ftock. 
 And therefore God profper the fleet and the flock : 
 The one in the winter time keepeth us warm. 
 The t' other brings treafure and guards us from harm. 
 
 If we want your traffic, and you want our coyn. 
 
 Like members, let's all in one body conjoyn. 
 
 Chorus. 
 Since union and concord bring plenty and peace. 
 And amity is the kind caufe of increafe : 
 Let love from divifion our fancys releafe. 
 And all our diffentions ever (hail ceafe. [Exeunt. 
 
 Dinner being ended, and night approaching, his lordfliip, being at- 
 tended by a private retinue of his own company, takes coach, and is 
 condu£);ed to Goldfmith's Hall (where for this year he doth intend to 
 keep his mayoralty (without the night ceremony which hath been for- 
 merly, when old St. Paul's was ftanding. When his lordlhip is houfed, 
 thofe that attend on him depart with order and convenience ; and the 
 triumphs and filk-works are by the care of the mafters-artificers, lodged 
 for the night in Blackwell Hall 'till the next day following, and then 
 they were convey'd to Grocers Hall. To clofe up all, the Artifts and 
 Artificers (each of them deferving ample commendations) bid you all 
 good night. 
 
536 APPENDIX. 
 
 London's Joy, 
 
 or 
 
 The Lord Mayors Show: 
 
 Triumphantly exhibited in various reprefentations,fcenes,and fplended 
 
 ornaments, with divers pertinent figures and movements ; 
 
 performed on Saturday, Oiftober 29, 1681, 
 
 at the inauguration of the 
 
 Right Honorable Sir John Moore, Knight, 
 Lord Mayor of the City of London, 
 
 with the feveral Speeches and Songs which vrexc fpoken on the page- 
 ants in Cheapfide, and fung in Guild-Hall during Dinner. 
 All the Charges and expences of the induftrious 
 
 defigns, being the fole undertaking 
 
 of the Worfliipful Company of Grocers, 
 
 devifed and compofed by THO. JORDAN, Gent. 
 
 Omne tulit punftum qui Mifcuit utile Dulci. 
 
 London : printed for John and Henry Playford, 1681. 
 
 To the Right Honorable John Moore, Knight, Lord 
 Mayor of the City of London. 
 
 My Lord, 
 
 BY the right of fuccefEon (which ought to be indifputable), by the 
 conceflion of the Commons, who have their legal Liberty of 
 Eledlion, and by the gracious condifcention of hisMajefty,youare for 
 this year, the obje£l: of this Day's Triumph ; The members of your 
 Politick Body, the Worfliipful Company of Grocers have been very 
 induftrious, indulgent and liberal, to crown the Head of their loving 
 Brother and newinftalled Magiftrate, with triumphal ornaments and 
 pacifick garlands, having high hopes, almoft as fure as certainties, that 
 your Lordfliip will make them fuch gracious returns in the upright dif- 
 penfations of Juftice in your government, that they and the whole City 
 may have a happy caufe to give you thanks, and perfume your fame 
 with the incenfe of prayers and praifes j which alfo is the devout defires 
 and wifties of My Lord, 
 
 Your humble Servant and faithful honourer, 
 
 Tho. Jordan. 
 
APPENDIX. 537 
 
 To the Worfhipful Company of Grocers. 
 
 Gentlemen, 
 
 I think I have left nothing undone that might difguife the Defigns 
 of this Day's Triumph, to oblige my Lord's acceptation, or your ap- 
 probation. If any perfon Ihall afk why (in this age, when our higheft 
 compofitions are fignificantly exprefled in native Englifli) I fliould per- 
 plex the Readers with many abftrufe Terms, I anfwer, that in defcrip- 
 tions of Architefture, Mufic, Heraldry, Painting and DrefEng ; it is 
 moft commendable to fpeak properly in their peculiar and diftinft dia- 
 lefts. If others do objedl that I have mufter'd up a number of gaudy 
 words to fweeten my defcriptions, let them confider, they are for a gay 
 fubjeft, my Lord Mayor's Show, where every thing ought to glitter. 
 This I can aflure ye, that in thefe Triumphs, there is nothing De- 
 llgned, written, faid or fung, that ever was prefented in any fhow till 
 this prefent day. Although the Dignity of the Subjedt is the more ve 
 nerable for its Antiquity, yet the Rarity of the circumftance ought to 
 be moft commendable for novelty, which whofoever will examin fliall 
 find it performed in thefe Triumphs by Gentlemen 
 
 Your humble and faithful Servant, 
 
 Tho. Jordan. 
 
 In proper habits orderly array'd. 
 
 The movements of the morning are difplay'd. 
 
 Selefted Citizens i' th' morning all 
 
 At Sev'n a Cloclc, do meet at Grocers-Hall. 
 
 The Mafter, Wardens, and Affifts Joyns 
 
 For the firft Rank, in the Gowns fac'd with Foyns. 
 
 The fecond Order do, in merry moods, 
 
 March in Gowns fac'd with Budge and Livery Hoods. 
 
 In Gowns and Scarlet Hoods, Thirdly appears 
 
 A youthful number of Foyns Batchellors. 
 
 Forty Budge Batchellors the Triumph crowns. 
 
 Gravely attir'd in Scarlet Hoods and Gowns. 
 
 Gentlemen-Ufhers, which white Staves do hold, 
 
 Sixty in Velvet Coats and Chains of Gold. 
 
 Next, thirty more in Plufli and Buff there are, 
 
 That feveral colours wave and banners bear. 
 
 The Sergeant Trumpet Thirty-fix more brings. 
 
 All of the Silver Trumpets, of the Kings. 
 
 The Sergeant wears two Scarfs, whofe colours be, 
 
 One the Lord Mayor's, th' other's the Company. 
 
 The King's Drum-Major, follow'd by four more 
 
 Of the King's Drums and fifes, makes London roar. 
 
 Seven Drums and two fifes more, in vefts of Buff, 
 
 March with wafte Scarfs, and Breeches of Black Stuff. 
 
 Two City Marfhals, mounted and attended. 
 
 Are by the Company with Scarfs befriended. 
 
 And ^ext to the Drums) do troop it in the reer ; 
 
 But the foot Marfhal doth next appear, 
 
 Who puts them all in Rank and File, and wears 
 
 3z 
 
538 APPENDIX. 
 
 A Shoulder ScarfF as broad and rich as theirs. 
 Attended by fix perfons, that dare do 
 What e're their Marihall may command them to. 
 Next the Fence Mafter Troops, and (to defend him) 
 Divers with drawn broad bright fwords do attend him. 
 Many poor penfioners that march i' th' Rear, 
 With Gowns and Caps, Standers and Banners bear; 
 A numerous Troop of perfons that are poor, 
 In red gowns and flat caps, one hundred more. 
 With Javelings and with Targets, are all ailors. 
 And bear the arms of their good benefaftors. 
 Being thus prepared : 
 By the Foot Marflial's Judgment they are guided. 
 And into fix divifions are divided : 
 Ranked out by two and two. The firft that ftirs 
 Are the poor company of penfioners ; 
 But in the front of them orderly be. 
 Placed the enfigns of the Company. 
 I' th' Rear of them four Drums and one Fife more, 
 Then penfioners in Coats defcrib'd before, 
 Perfons of worth, who do in martial manner. 
 Bear each of them a Standard or a Banner. 
 Four Trumpets more to them, and in the Reer 
 Two of the Grocer's Enfigns march, which bear 
 (As by the Herald Painter is expreft) 
 The draught of their fupporters and their creft : 
 Six Gentlemen Ufliers in order trudge, 
 And after them the Batchelors in Budge ! 
 Marching in meafur'd diftance, and endu'd 
 With order, this divifion doth conclude. 
 I' the rear of them fix trumpets do appear. 
 And after them, two Gentlemen that bear. 
 Two Coats of Arms, which appertaining be 
 To th' City and the Grocer's Company. 
 Then do march up Eight Gentlemen that wears. 
 The Golden chains, then the Foins Batchelors 
 In amicable meafure move like Friends, 
 Fill'd with one Joy : fo this divifion ends. 
 Two Gentlemen in velvet Coats array'd, 
 March after them with two Banners difplay'd ; 
 Then fucceed them, ten Gentlemen Ufhers more 
 In Coats and Chains of Gold defcribed before. 
 And gradually after them you'l fee 
 A very worthy large Society : 
 With each of them a Gown and Livery Hood, 
 And all Lord Mayors in the Potential Mood. 
 I' th' rear of thefe (with filver founds to fit ye) 
 Do fall in divers Trumpets of the City ; 
 And after them two gentlemen accord 
 To bear the arms o' th City and my Lord ; 
 And then the gentlemen with equal diftance 
 That ulher in the grave Court of Affiftants. 
 I' th' Rear of them, four drums, fix trumpets, be 
 Order'd to bring up the Cataftrophe, 
 Three gallants, gradually follow them. 
 Bearing the Banners of the Diadem ; 
 Kings, Queens and Cities Enfigns which engages 
 Six gentlemen to wait on them as pages ; 
 The Matters and the Wardens bring up all. 
 And thus equipp'd, they march from Grocer's Hall 
 
APPENDIX. ^^g 
 
 T°i,'"L^°r'^* Houfe, where the Aldermen and He 
 
 I ake Horfe, and rank according to degree : 
 
 Which being done, the whole body in State 
 
 Doth move towards Guild-Hall, but at the Gate 
 
 The new Lord with the old Lord Mayor unites 
 
 Guarded by Gentlemen ; Efquires and Knights 
 
 Then thus attir'd, with Gown, fur hood and fcarf, 
 
 March all through King-Street down to Theee-Crane-Wharf, 
 
 Where the Lord Mayor and th" Aldermen difcharge 
 
 A tew gentlemen waiters and take barge 
 
 At the weft end o' th' wharf j and at the Eaft 
 
 The Court Affiftant, livery, and the beft 
 
 Gentlemen Ufliers : Such as ftay on Shore 
 
 Are Ufliers, Foins and the Budge batchelor : 
 
 Who for a time repofe themfelves and men, 
 
 Until his Lordfliip fliall return again : 
 
 Who now with feveral Companies make hafte 
 
 To Weftminfter, but in the way is plac't 
 
 A pleafure-Boat, that hath great guns aboard, 
 
 And with two broad fides doth falute my Lord. 
 
 They row in triumph all along by th' Strand, 
 
 But when ray Lord and Companies do Land 
 
 At the New Palace Stairs Orderly all 
 
 Do make a Lane to pafs him to the Hall, 
 
 Where having took an Oath, that he will be ) 
 
 Loyal and Faithful to his Majefty, J. 
 
 His Government, His crown and Dignity; j 
 
 With other ceremonials faid and done 
 
 In order to his confirmation j 
 
 Sealing of Writs in Courts, and fuch like things 
 
 As fliows his power abftrafted from the Kings, 
 
 He takes his leave o' th' Lords and Barons, then 
 
 With his Retinue he retreats agen. 
 
 To th' Water fide, and (having given at large 
 
 To the poor of Weftminfter) doth Re-imbarge 
 
 And fend along the River 'till he comes 
 
 To Black-Fryers Stairs, where guns and thundring drums 
 
 Proclaim his landing, when he's fet aftiore 
 
 He is faluted by three vollies more . 
 
 By (the Military Glory of this Nation) the Company of Artillery 
 men they being all in their Martial Ornaments of Gallantry, Some in 
 BuflF with head pieces, many of them mafly Silver. 
 
 From Black-Fryars-Stairs,They march before the Lord Mayor and 
 Aldermen, through Cheapfide to Guild Hall, Thofe that went not to 
 Weftminfter, viz. the Pentioners and Banners, being fet in order, 
 ready to march, the Foot-Marfhal, in the Rere of the Artillery-Com- 
 pany, Leads the way along-by the Channel up by Ludgate Hill, 
 through Ludgate into S' Pauls Church yard, and fo into Cheapfide, 
 where his Lordfliip is entertained by the firft fcene or pageant. 
 
 The firft Scene defcribed. 
 
 According to the order and propriety of Antiquity, on the firft Stage 
 is the Image of that animal which is the ancient creft to the arm* of 
 
540 
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 the Worfliipful Company of Grocers, an artificial well carved Camel, 
 of which creature without manifeft Digreffion I have fomethingto fay. 
 Of Camels there are two forts, the Baftrian and Arabian, which differ 
 thus ; The Ba£trians have two bunches or fwellings on the Back and 
 are call'd Dromedaries, the Arabians but one, and another on the 
 breaft, on which they lean when they lie down to reft ; they want the 
 upper order of their teeth, and are fometimes ufed in war. In fwiftnefs 
 they exceed horfes, but moft commonly in bearing ponderous burdens, 
 every one is acquainted with his own lading ; lefs wait they defire not, 
 and more they will not bear. They are taught to kneel till they have 
 their load, and then they will rife of themfelves j Neither in their 
 Journey will they change their pace : They can abftain from water four 
 days together, but then they drink as well for the time paft as to come, 
 yet not before with their Feet they have troubled the Stream. They 
 live to fifty years of age, and fome to a Hundred ; This is not only 
 proper for the Companies Creft in the tranfportation of their Fruits and 
 Spices in India and other parts, but are as genuine to the purpofe to 
 fhew his Lordfhip's general Negotiation in all kinds of Merchandife 
 whatfoever. 
 
 This ever was, and now is the firft appearing and marching 
 Pageant, that leads the way of the whole Triumph. On whofe back 
 is mounted a young Negro betwixt two Silver Panniers, who repre- 
 fenteth liberality, as appeareth by his bountiful diftribution of the deli- 
 cates which are the Lading of his Camel, and the delicious Traffic of 
 the Grocers Company. He is arrayed in a rich Eaft Indian habit, his 
 head adorned with a Golden Coronet, varioufly feather'd with a round 
 orient Pendant of Pearl in each Ear. Scarlet colour'd Silk Hofe, 
 Bufkins of Gold laced and furfled with Silver and purple Ribon, A 
 bridle of a broad Red and White Satin, according to the Companies 
 colours. He advanceth the Kings Banner. At each hand of him on 
 the fame Stage, Figuratively fit two Virgin Ladies Reprefenting Abun- 
 dantia and Saluberrima, Plenty and wholfome. The firft of which is 
 deck'd in a white filk Robe fringed with Gold, fprinkled all over with 
 Cloves, a rich Mantle of Gold and Cinamon colour'd Silk, a long black 
 curl'd hair, on which is a Garland of Dates with leaves and branches, 
 white filk hofe, and purple Shoes, tyed with gold Ribon, white Gloves : 
 in one hand (he beareth a Silver Balket, in the other a Banner of the 
 Companies. 
 
 Saluberrima is adorned with an orange colour'd Silk and Gold Robe, 
 a Sky colour and Silver Mantle, a long curl'd and flaxen Hair, on which 
 is a wreath of SaiFron Flowers intermingled with Green Leaves: pearl 
 coloured Hofe, yellow Shoes, Scarlet and Gold- Ribon Shoe-ftrings, 
 
APPENDIX. 541 
 
 White Gloves : In one hand {he beareth an Almond-tree, leav'd 
 and bloflbm'd, Frudtified. In the other, a Banner of the Cities. 
 
 And in the Rere of this Camel, is the figure of a Royal Theatre, 
 framed, formed, and loftily ere6ted according to the lonick Order of 
 Archite6lure, where the elaborate hand of art has been as accurate in 
 the little Model of this Fabric, as fome others have been in the more 
 magnificent dimenfions of much greater Stru£tures ; nor hath the cu- 
 riofity of the Painter been wanting in the copious accomplifhments of 
 this beautiful Building, which according to its name, is accommodated 
 with feveral Heroic and vidtorious perfons, of Honour, pertinently 
 reprefenting the feven Champions of Chriftendom, (viz.) S' George 
 for England, S' Andrew for Scotland, S' Dennis for France, S' Patric 
 for Ireland, S* David for Wales, S' James for Spain, S' Anthony for 
 Italy ; vdth five beautiful Ladies which in proper order perfonate the 
 five Senfes, all thefe Seeing, Hearing, Tafting, Feeling, Smelling ; all 
 of them richly and aptly attired as followeth. 
 
 S' George, with black curl'd Hair, on it a Golden Helmet, with a 
 large Sprig and plume of Feathers red and white, a Veft of Silver, a 
 Scarf of Scarlet Silk and Gold. In his left hand he beareth a Shield 
 vert, charged with a Virgin array'd Argent : In his right hand, the 
 Banner of S' George. 
 
 2. S' Andrew. His hair, bright Brown, curl'd on which is fixt a 
 Coronet of Gold, with a plume of white and blew Feathers ; a (hort 
 Coat of Purple and Gold, a Scarf of Silver fringed with Gold : On his 
 left arm he bears a Target Azure with a Saltier argent. In his right 
 hand the arms of Scotland, which is Sol, a Lion Rampant within a 
 Double Treafure flowry counter flowry Mars. 
 
 3. S' Dennis. His hair a deep dark Brown, crown'd with Laurel, 
 tipt with Gold ; a warlike Coat of Sky colour and Gold ; a Scarf of 
 purple and Gold : Bufkins of Scarlet colour laced and furfled with 
 Silver and Gold ; In his right hand he beareth a Banner with the 
 arms of France. In the other a Shield with the like arms. In a 
 Field Jupiter, 3 Flowers de Lis Sol. 
 
 4. S' Patric. His hair dark Yellow ; on it a blew Coronet pointed 
 with Golden Harps, Green and White Cotton Trowzes, a Gray 
 Mantle with a thick Shag about his Neck of large Green Silk and 
 Gold Fringes, bearing in one hand a Banner of the arms of Ireland, 
 which is Azure, a Harp Sol, ftrung Luna : In the other hand he 
 beareth a Shield vert, charged with Serpents, Toads, and Spiders. 
 
 5. S' David. In a Cheftnut Brown Hair, a Wreath of Green Silk 
 and Silver-headed Leeks, aGrafs-green Silk and Gold Robe; a crimfon 
 Siik and Silver Mantle. In his left hand, a Golden warlike Welch 
 
542 APPENDIX. 
 
 Bill : In his right hand the Banner of the Principality of Wales, Ju- 
 piter ; a Plume of Feathers, Luna, in a Coronet, Sol. 
 
 6. S' James. Black curl'd Hair ; on it, a golden Coronet tipp'd 
 with Silver Towers ; a Robe of Black Silk and Gold, a Silver and 
 Gold Scarf. In one hand a Shield charged with a golden Fleece. 
 In the other a Banner with the arms of Spain. 
 
 7. S' Anthony. A curl'd bright Hair; on it a Wreath of Olive 
 Leaves and Fruit tipt with gold ; a robe of Olive colour'd Silk inter- 
 woven with Silver and Gold ; a Scarf of Crimfon Silk and Silver. In 
 one hand he beareth a Target Argent, charged with an Olive-tree 
 Leaved, bloflbms and fruit ; In the other the arms of Italy. This 
 Saint Anthony is the Speaker, efteemed the moft proper, as he is the 
 ancient Patron of the Grocers Company. 
 
 The Habits and Ornaments of the Five Senfes. 
 
 1 . Seeing. Hair long bright curling, on which is a golden Coronet, 
 tipp'd with Eyes, a robe of Silver and Gold, a Mantle of Sea Green 
 Sarfinet ; In one hand a Target Argent, charg'd with the pidure of 
 Argus having an hundred Eyes : In her Right hand a Banner of the 
 Kings. 
 
 2. Hearing. With Hair long, black, curl'd ; a Coronet of Mufical 
 Inftruments ; a Robe of Carnation and Silver, a Mantle of Orange 
 colour fringed with gold ; In one hand flie beareth a Shield Vert, 
 charged with Apollo's Harp Or : In the other hand flie beareth a 
 Banner of the City. 
 
 3. Tailing. In a long curl'd bright brown Peruke ; and on it a 
 garland of all lovely delicious Fruits ; a Robe of Watchet Sattin, a 
 Mantle of Gold ; In one hand a Cornucopia : In the other a Ban- 
 ner of My Lord Mayor's : thus Blazon'd, Argent, three Greyhounds 
 Currant Arm'd and Collard, Gules. 
 
 4. Feeling. In a lovely brown, foft crifpy hair, a Coronet of Gold, 
 with a plume of various colour'd fine Feathers, a Robe of Sables, a 
 Mantle of Ermin ; In one hand a Shield Or : charged with a Beaver 
 dormant. In the other hand a Banner of the Companies. 
 
 5. Smelling. Her head is adorned with a long curl'd flaxen hair 
 enclining to bright Yellow, crown'd with a Garland of Rofes, Violets, 
 Jefamine, and divers-colour'd fweet fcenting flowers, a Robe of 
 Orange-colour, on it a Mantle of Willow-green and Silver, in one 
 hand fhe bears a Shield Argent, charg'd with a Civet Cat proper : 
 In the other the Banner of the Kings. 
 
 His Lordfhip having placed himfelf oppofite to the frontof this Scene 
 
APPENDIX. 543 
 
 with expedtation and attention, S' Anthony rifing up, with Majefty 
 and Humility, addrefleth to his Lordfliip, In this Oration. 
 
 The firft Speech by S'. Anthonie. 
 
 The Seven Champions of Chriftendom, 
 
 With all their Tutelary Powers, are come 
 
 To gratulate my Lord, and guard you from 
 
 Mutinous Mifchiefs, which occultly wait, 
 
 Malicioufly to circumvent the State 
 
 Of an upright unbiafs'd Magiftrate : 
 
 Such is your Lordfhip : My name's Anthony, 
 
 The celebrated Saint of Italy, 
 
 And Patron of the Grocers Company : 
 
 By whom I was defired to let you know. 
 
 The great Relpefts they to your Honour Owe, 
 
 From Inward Love which rais'd this Outward Show 
 
 My Lord, this Camel here doth reprefent 
 
 The Means and Ends of Righteous Government. 
 
 Induftry is the means. Plenty the event. 
 
 The well poifed Hampers of this equal Lading, 
 
 Like Juftice Scales, admit of no degrading; 
 
 Equity brings true Peace, and Peace good Trading, 
 
 Trading brings plenty, and 'tis pity that. 
 
 Plenty breeds Pride, and quarrels in a State, 
 
 Till an invafion make them Friends too late. 
 
 And Reconcile in Ruine ; But my Lord, 
 
 We hope the Civil, not the Souldiers Sword, 
 
 Shall moderate all feud ; For in a Word, 
 
 Let this be England's great Memento Mori, 
 
 That Civil Wars, as you may read in Story, 
 
 Did ruin Royal Rome in all her Glory. 
 
 I prefume better things ; My Lord, Y' are here, 
 
 I' th' City, the Kings Vice-Roy for a Year ; 
 
 His Throne, is reprefented by your Chair j 
 
 Your Sword, his Scepter ; you are in a place 
 
 Renown'd by Majefty and Crown'd by Grace ; 
 
 Y' are one whom all good citizens embrace. 
 
 And therefore Gratitude, and what is Juft, 
 
 May move you to be true unto your truft, 
 
 Leaft God do lay your Honour in the Duft. 
 
 But I'm fuperftitious and tedious too ; 
 
 Inftrufting him from whom I ought to know 
 
 Your Lordlhip knows beft what you have to do. 
 
 The Speech thus ended, his Lordfliip by expreffing fome geftures 
 of acceptation, faceth about and proceedeth in his march towards 
 Guildhall : but is civilly intercepted by a fecond Scene, attended by 
 two Pageants, which are two Golden Gryphons, the fupporters to 
 the Arms of the Worfliipful Company of Grocers, on whofe backs 
 are mounted two European Natives pretty Boyes, reprefenting Ju- 
 cundity and Utility. 
 
 I . Jucundity. With flaxen hair, on it a Garland of diverfe colour'd 
 Flowers mix'd with many-colour'd Ribbons ; a Robe of Sky-colour 
 
544 APPENDIX. 
 
 and Gold, with a Silk Mantle of Peach-bloflbm and Silver. In one 
 hand he beareth a Target Sable, charged with three Violins Or ; 
 ftrung Argent : In his Right hand the Royal Banner. 
 
 2. Utility. With a brown long curl'd Hair, trimmed with Ribon, 
 on it a Wreath of Laurel tip'd with Gold ; a Robe of Scarlet colour'd 
 Satin, a Purple and Gold Mantle : his left hand holding a bridle, 
 which is a Ribon of the Companies Colours mix'd with Silver : In 
 his right hand the Companies Banner. 
 
 On thefe two Stages are eight Figures, viz. one at each corner, 
 call'd Power, Prudence, Fate, Fame, Fertility, Integrity, Agility, 
 and Alacrity, properly attired. 
 
 Between thefe two Stages, in rank appeareth another delightful 
 and magnificent Fabrick, according to the Compofit Order, which 
 participateth of all the four other Orders of Architefture ; and is a 
 piece worthy of an artful man's Examination, called. 
 
 The Academy of Sciences. 
 
 Onwhich are placed feveral learned Philofophers and prudent Women, 
 called as followeth j In feveral capacities fitteth, Ariftotle, aPeripatetic ; 
 Plato, an Academic j Socrates, an Ethic ; and Diogenes (in Dolio) 
 a Cynick, who reprefenting Severity, is the Speaker. Here is alfo a 
 Learned Woman called Diotima, fo famous in Philofophy, that Plato 
 and Socrates came to hear her Leftures, All properly habited ac- 
 cording to time. Country and Fun£tion. And on the other afcend- 
 ing feats in circular order fit, The Four Elements, Fire, Air, Earth, 
 and Water, and the Four Completions, viz. Sanguine, Cholor, 
 Phlegm and Melancholy; perfonated by Eight Virgin Ladies; 
 Drefs'd in their proper habits. 
 
 Diogenes cometh out of his Tub, and with a morofe vifage and 
 rugged Deportment makes application to his Lordftiip in this humor- 
 ous manner : — 
 
 The Second Speech fpoken by Diogenes, reprefenting Severity. 
 
 Where is your Magiftrate ? O ! Is this Hee ? 
 You have done well to fix him before Mee ; 
 I have foraething to fay to him, vphich may 
 Prove better than the Glories of his Day. 
 My Name's Diogenes ; I am not fent ^ 
 
 To 'gratulate you with a Complement, V 
 
 But boldly mind you of your Government, j 
 You are Sworn to't and nothing worfe can be 
 To corrupt Magiftrates than Perjury ; 
 There is a Pre-exiftent power that will 
 For all your Deeds make you accomptable : 
 Live honeftly yourfelf, the Devil will Laugh, 
 
APPENDIX. 545 
 
 To fee men punifh what they are guilty of: 
 
 Be Loyal to your Prince, Rebellions Name, 
 
 Like Witchcraft,' will deftroy both Soiil and Fame. 
 
 In order tOj it. Let your Argus Eyes . , . . 
 
 Search and fii^d put Privy, ]ConfpJr^cis,s, 
 
 Seditious Cabalsi where 'Spiriis confent " 
 
 To undermine. all peaceful government j 
 
 The L^w dqth call thpm Coniurat|ons, \yhich 
 
 Muft needs imply a Plotter is a Witch : 
 
 They are mortiferdus, and in their breath,' 
 
 Bring Battail, Murther, Theft and Sudden Death. 
 Suppcefs Pamphlet Cpijtejitions, for they are 
 The Serpentary Sefeds of Civil War ; 
 Though fome are drefs'd up with ingenious Sence 
 The more ^Ijie.Wit the worfe the confequence, i 
 Be Juft and let not tucre. Fear no favourj 
 Tempt, awe, or by perfwafions make you waver. 
 Let not Report, or JSearfay. be your Guide, ") . 
 By your own Senjfes let a^l things be try'd, > 
 Examin every thing on every fide ; J ' 
 
 Let not a ftately Murtherer go Free, i 
 
 Whom if you laye_you are as bad as Hee. 
 Tis very whollbme doftrine which I t^ach, 
 Punim all Harlots that are in your reach. 
 They corijipt P^^ntizes, and bi;ing difafters 
 Upon themfelves. Souls, Parents, a,nd their Mafters, 
 Tho' they'r call'd Miites, which fond men adore, 
 I can not gild their Ctimej a Whore's a Whore ; . 
 Tho' ne[r, fo brave, and co^nt'nanc'd by bad Times, 
 Their grandeur doth' hot mitigate their Crimes. 
 I muft declare my mind, pleale or difpleafe. 
 Truth ,an4 plain (IfaJing fits, Diogenes. . _ ; 
 Your Lordfliip knows, tho' I give many a Rub, 
 Truth is the fame, altho' taught in a Tub : 
 I have dwelt in a Tub, in Dayes of Yore, 
 But ne're ^augbt in a Currant-Bi^itt be|'ore. 
 The Grocers lent it iriee, arid I'm as well 
 Pleas'd. as -if planted in a Citadel ; 
 Whaf.J liaye faid you know, doubtlefs you'l do, 
 I only j)ut in my opinion too : 
 Difdain me not, tho' y' are a great Commander, 
 I have e're now admonilh'd Alexander. , - j 
 
 The Speech thus ended, we fuppofe his Lordfhip was more pleafed 
 with his Morality than his -Morofitjty with his reafon more than his 
 rigour, and the compofition of his Speech, rather than the manner 
 of his fpeaking, and confidering it was the right humour of a Cynick, 
 bids adieu to Diogenes, who re-enters the Tub Tenement, whilft 
 his Lordfliip continueth his Motion through the Multitude till he is 
 a third time obftrufled by another pleafant Pageant, which con- 
 taineth an Indian Garden of Spices, where in a Beautiful Bower 
 adjacent to a Ruftic Building, Majeftrcally fitteth Fru6tifera, the 
 Lady Governefs, with four other Delightful Ladies to attend her, 
 who fit about her, viz. Fragra, Florida, Delicia, and Placentia, 
 array'd in Robes correfpondent to their reprefentations. 
 
 4 A 
 
546 APPENDIX. 
 
 1. Fruftifera, the Governefs of the Garden, who perfonateth 
 Moderation, weareth on her head an Indian black curl'd hair, with 
 large pendents of pearl, diamonds, emralds, faphyrs, topazes, and 
 amethifts, in her ears ; a Raven black Face, Hands and Breafts ; a 
 Rope of large round orient pearl about her neck, on her head a 
 coftly coronet of Gold and Jewels. A Robe of bloffom-colour Silk 
 and Silver, a Mantle of grafs-green Silk and Gold : In her hand fhe 
 bears a Shield charged with a fpring Garden in perfpe£tive. 
 
 2. Fragra, in dark brown hair, on it a Garland of various colour'd 
 flowers and fruits, as Oranges, Lemons, Pomegranates, &c. a Robe 
 of Carnation and Silver : a Mantle of Sky-colour and Gold : In one 
 hand fce beareth a Shield Argent, charged with a Rofary or Nurfery 
 of Rofes, and in the other a Banner of the Kings. 
 
 3. Florida, her Hair flaxen trim'd with divers colour'd fmall 
 Ribon, a Chaplet of Indiai) Fruits ; a Flowry Robe of fundry 
 colours, a Mantle of florid Silk interweaved with Silver and Gold, 
 Hofe of Bloom colour'd Silk: under her left arm a Cornucopia, and 
 in her Right hand a Banner of my Lord Mayors. 
 
 4. Delicia, her hair bright yellow, curl'd and adorned with variety 
 of Ribon : a Coronet of Cupids, Silver wing'd and arm'd with Gold, 
 Robe of Dove-colour'd Silk and Silver, a Mantle of pink-colour'd 
 farfnet fringed with Gold : in one hand flie bears on a (hield azure, 
 all kind of Mufical Inftruments Or and Argent, In the other a 
 Banner of the Companies. 
 
 5. Placentia, with long black curl'd Hair ty'd with Silver, Gold, 
 Sky colour and Scarlet Ribon. On it a Coronet of divers colour'd 
 Feathers : a Robe of Orange colour and Silver, a Mantle of Pale 
 Purple and Gold : in one hand a Shield Or, charged with a Society 
 of Indian dancers in feveral Antic pofliures and forms of movement. 
 Thefe laft 4 are Europeans^ 
 
 FruiSlifera, the Governefs of the Indian Garden of Spicerie, and 
 principal prefentor, ftandeth up, and with curteous demeanour ad- 
 drefleth to his Lordfliip in his own language, 
 
 The third Speech, fpoken by Fruftifera the Governefs. 
 
 The great Creator, in whofe Power doth lurk 
 
 All wifdom, having wrought and view'd his work, 
 
 Saw it was good, and to the numerous fry "1 
 
 Of all created Beings did apply v 
 
 The Bleffing of Encreafe and Multiply, J 
 
 Which produc'd plenty, who by Poetic Law ' 
 
 I perfonate, my Name Fruflifera, 
 
 The Plenty-Governefs of India. 
 
 Thefe Mutes, whofe Names you foon will un3erftand l 
 
 Are Fragra, Florida, Delicia and J. 
 
 Placentia, Virgins under my Command J 
 
 ■} 
 
APPENDIX. 547 
 
 From India to London now their trade is, 
 
 To pleafe my Lord Mayor and delight the Ladies, 
 
 You make your Feafts on what we have been planting, 
 
 Then is it fit that Plenty fhould be wanting 
 
 In fuch a place as this ? I have heard by fome, 
 
 London's the Dining Room of Chriftendom ; 
 
 That the Lord Mayor and Sheriffs do command 
 
 The choiceft Rarities of every Land 
 
 In Feafts ; Indeed tis pity that wife States 
 
 Should make Hide-bound curmudgeons Magiftrates. 
 
 My Lord, to let your Honour underftand 1 
 
 That I'm Plenty, I have in my hand > 
 
 Brought you a Fountain from our Indian land : J 
 
 Whofe Spring being touch'd will make the Liquor fly, [Opens the 
 
 No lefs Dimenfions than Fifty foot high. Bottle. 
 
 And fall down on the Earth again in Showers, 
 
 My Fountain is a true Emblem of yours : 
 
 You from the Fountain of your Juftice can 
 
 Spring and diftribute right to every man. 
 
 Perhaps you think it ftrange, my Lord, that I "1 
 
 An Indian Moor, fliould talk of Piety, S 
 
 Of the Creation and the Deity ; J 
 
 I have been Baptiz'd in the Chriftian Faith, 
 
 And do believe in all the Scripture faith ! 
 
 I am a Moor, yet a good Chriftian too. 
 
 With Reverence to your Lordlhip, fo are you. 
 
 The Speech concluded, and my Lord contented : on this ftage are 
 feveral Planters, Tumblers, Dancers, and Vaulters, all Blacks, Men 
 and Women, who are fuppofed to be brought over by the Governefs, 
 to celebrate the Day, and to delight his Lordfliip with their ridicu- 
 lous Rufticity, and Mimical Motion. One of which crew having a 
 Song compofed for the purpofe, being endued with a melodious 
 Voice, doth in a proper pofture extend his Jawes, and chanteth out 
 this Madrigal to a pleafant tune : — 
 
 The Song. 
 
 We are Jolly Planters that live in the Eaft, 
 
 And ftirnifli the World with delights when they Feaft. 
 
 For by our Endeavours this Country prefumes 
 
 To fit them with phyfic, food, gold, and perfumes : 
 
 Our trading is whirl'd 
 
 All over the World 
 
 In vaft Voyages, on the Ocean fo curl'd ; 
 
 France, Spain, Holland, England, have fent men to know 
 
 Where Jewels are found j and how Spices do grow ; 
 
 Where Voyagers with a fmall ftock kave been made, 
 
 By the Wealthy returns of an Eaft India Trade. 
 
 From torments or troubles of Body or Mind, 
 
 Your Bonny Briik Planters are Free as the wind, 
 
 We eat well to labour, and labour to eat, 
 
 Our planting doth get us both Stomach and Meat ; 
 
 There's no betterPh yfic 
 
 To vanquifti the Phthific, 
 
548 APPENDIX. 
 
 And when we're at Leifiire our Voices are Mufic : 
 And hoW w^ are come with a bri(k drolling Ditty 
 To honour my Lord ; and to humour the City : 
 We fmg, dance; and" trip it, as frolickras Ranters; 
 Such are the Sweet lives of your bonny brave Planters. 
 
 Our weighty Endeavours'have Drams of Delight, 
 
 We flave it all Day but we fleep well at Night ; 
 
 Let us but obtain a kind hour to be meriy, 
 
 Our Digging and Delving will ne're make us weary. 
 
 And when we do prate 
 
 In Reafon of State, 
 
 What's wanting in Wit will be made up in weight j 
 
 They'l currently pafs, I do fimply fuppofe, 
 
 At them no wife man will take pepper i' th' nofe. 
 
 No Vaunters, or Fawnters, or Canters, or Ranters, 
 
 Do lead fuch a life as the bonny brave Planters. 
 
 Of Cinamon, Nutmegs, of Mace, and of Cloves, 
 
 We have fo ,mudh plenty they grow in whole Groves, 
 
 Which yeild fuch a favour when Sol's beams do blefs 'em 
 
 That 'ts a fweet kind of contentment to drefs 'em. 
 
 Our Sugar and Gums, 
 
 Our Spices and Pluitis^ 
 
 Are better than Battels of Bullets and Drums : 
 
 From Wars and Batta'ia's we have fuch releafe 
 
 We lie down in quiet and rife up in peace. 
 
 We fing it and dance it, we jig it, and (kip it, 
 
 Whilft our Indian Laffes do gingery trip it. 
 
 Our gracious gbod Go*errl6'fs haih' brou'ght us over 
 To England and London that we may difcover, 
 , The generous Triumphs that this year doth wait 
 ^To Honour' the Day of their wife Magiftrate ; 
 ■ A Merchant of Fame, 
 Let's Jlove him for ftiame, 
 
 For Moor is our nature, and Moor is his name ; 
 They Feaft him with Dainties, in jieace let him reign ; 
 The More is his honour, the More is our gain, 
 God profper The King, and enthrone him with Blifs, 
 And blefs the Lord Mayor, who his Lieuetenant is. 
 No Ranters, or Vaunters, or Chanters, or Flaunters, 
 Doth lead fuch a Life as the Bonny Boon Planters. 
 
 The Song being fung they all fell to their Drolleries, and the foot 
 Marflial having placed the Affiftants, Livery, and the Companies, on 
 both fides of King Street, and their Penfioners with their Targets 
 hung on the tops of their Javelings, in the reer of them; the Enlign- 
 Bearers, Drums and Fifes in the Front, haftens the Foyns and Budg- 
 Batchelors, together with the Gentlemen-Ufliers to Guild Hall, where 
 his Lordfhip is again faluted by the Artillery-men with three Vollies 
 more, which conclude their Duty. His Land Attendants pafs through 
 the Gallery or Lane fo made into Guild-Hall, after which the Com- 
 panies to their refpeftive Halls to Dinner^ and their Silk Works and 
 Triumphs are likewife conveyed into Blackwell-Hall, and the Officers 
 
APPENDIX. 549 
 
 aforefaid, and the Children that ftt ih the Pageants refrefh themfelves 
 until his Lordfliip hath dined at Guild-Hall, where.^to make the Feaft 
 the more famous) his Lordfhip is magnified with, the facred Prefence of 
 The King and Queen, Prince, Arch-jBiihop of Canterbury, and all 
 the other Bifhops (at this time in London), alUhe Refident Embaffa- 
 dors and Envoys, all the Lords of the Privy-Council, all the Principal 
 Officers of State, all the Judges and Serjeants at Law, with their 
 Ladies. His Majefty dined at a Table faifed upon the Huftings at 
 the Eaft end of the Hall, The Foreign Embafladors, the Lords of the 
 Council, and others of the Peerage and Nobility, at the two next 
 Tables raifed on each fide of the Hall. The reft of the Hall was 
 ordered as is ufual in fuch a Solemnity, the Lord Mayor and the Alder- 
 men Dining at a Table raifed at the Weft end of the Hall, and the 
 Citizens of the Liveries at feveral Tables which filled the whole body 
 of the Hall, - - 
 
 His Lordfhip beginning the feveral Healths of his Majefty and the 
 Royal Family, the Hall was filled with Shouts and Acclamations at the 
 naming of each Health. 
 
 After Dinner His Majefty was entertained with a Royal Banquet, 
 Glorious to the Eye, and Delicious to the Palate, ferved in with excel- 
 lent conformity. , 
 
 The whole Service was managed with as good order and decency 
 as the circumftances could poffibly admit, nothing being omitted by 
 the City that might exprefs their Duty to their Majefties, and the 
 humble Senfe they had particularly of this gracious condefcenfion. 
 
 A Song at the Lord Mayor's Table. 
 
 Joy in the Gates, 
 And Peace to the States 
 Of this City, which fo debonair is : 
 Let the Kings' health go round. 
 And his Conforts be CrOwn'd 
 With my Lord and Lady Mayrefs. 
 
 Here is never a Pate 
 That hath Plots againft State, 
 All are pure and Ingenioufly Loyal ; 
 For it never can be 
 That hee, or thee, or mee, 
 Can be righteous, that is not Royal. 
 
 Divifions are bale. 
 And of Lucifers Race : 
 Civil Wars from the bottom of Hell come. 
 Before you doth ftand 
 The plenty of the Land, 
 And my Lord Mayor doth bid ye Welcome. 
 
550 APPENDIX. 
 
 chorus. 
 Let Buff-Coat and Feather 
 Go Drumming together j 
 We fear not the force of Invafion, 
 The Voice and the Lute 
 Make a fweeter difoute, 
 Love is the beft art of perfwafion . 
 
 Then Feaft and be fat. 
 Both in Flefli and Eftate, 
 Be Frolic with tempered pleaiure, 
 The Land doth exhibit. 
 The World doth contribute. 
 To line all the City with Treafure. 
 
 Then let us not want 
 
 What ever come on't, 
 
 Jehovah on purpofe did fend it : 
 
 For every man's Wealth 
 
 Is a kind of a Stealth, 
 
 If he do not Judicially fpend it. 
 
 Our Money, like muck 
 'Sthrown on a ruck. 
 The fertil propriety ceafes, 
 Whil'ft it lyes in a heap 
 No Harveft we reap, 
 But if fpread abroad it increafes. 
 
 Then fill t' other Load 
 And caft it abroad 
 For the good of Men, Children, and Women, 
 Elfe ye dont (I'le be trut 'ye) 
 Perform all your Duty j 
 True Citizens fliould be Freemen. 
 
 Chorus. 
 My Lord with his Power 
 Makes the City fecure. 
 As a Tow'r-wall with valiant men on't. 
 Then let us with Joy 
 Sing Vive le Roy, 
 And drink to the Kings Lieutenant. 
 
 May this years Mayoralty fo happy prove. 
 
 That ye may wallow in each others Love ; 
 
 And every Subjeft his Endeavours bring 
 
 To th' Fear of God, and Honour of the King. 
 
 May Trade increafe with Piety and Pity, 
 
 (For Traffick is the Sinews of the City.) 
 
 That Fort (hall hold out in defpite of all weather. 
 
 Where Courage and Confcience are coupl'd together. 
 
 Chorus. 
 This Land and this Town have no caufe to defpair. 
 No Nation can tell us how happy we are ; 
 When each Perfon's fixt in his Judicial Chair : 
 At White-Hall the King, and at Guild Hall the Mayor. 
 Then let all Joy and Honour preferve, with renown. 
 The City, The Country, the Court, and the Crown. 
 
 Dinner being ended, and night drawing on, Their Maj'efties returned 
 
APPENDIX. 551 
 
 to White-Hall, extreamly pleafed at the great refpefls with which the 
 City received the Honour of their Prefence, which was accompanied 
 with univerfal Joy and acclamations of the people, who had on this 
 occafion thronged all ftreets where their Majefties paft, in moft incre- 
 dible numbers. 
 
 His Lordfhip, being attended by a retinue of his own Company, 
 took Coach, and was condu6led to Grocers Hall. 
 
 Thus, to their Honours, the Company of Grocers have, with inde- 
 fatigable induftry and afFeiSion, five times been at the charge of fuch 
 Triumphs fince the happy Reftauration of his Majefty. 
 
 To clofe up all, the Artifts and Artificers employed in this Days 
 Triumphs (each of them deferving ample commendations) bid ye 
 farewel. 
 
 The Triumphs of London, 
 
 Performed on Saturday, 0£tob. 29, 1692, 
 for the Entertainment of the 
 
 Right Honourable Sir John Fleet, Kt. 
 Lord Mayor of the City of London, 
 
 Containing a true defcription of the feveral Pageants, with the 
 
 Speeches fpoken on each Pageant. All fet forth, 
 
 at the proper Cofts and Charges of the 
 
 Worfhipful Company of Grocers. 
 
 Together, with an exaft relation of the moft fplendid Entertainments, 
 
 prepared for the Reception of Their Sacred Majefties. 
 
 B. E. S. 
 
 Publijhed by authority. 
 
 London : Printed by James Orme ; and are to be fold by 
 
 Randal Taylor, near Stationers-Hall. 1692. 
 
 To the Right Honourable Sir John Fleet, Kt. Lord 
 Mayor of the City of London, 
 
 My Lord, 
 
 AS it lies in my Duty to congratulate your Lordfliips Acceflipn 
 to the Pretorian Chair ; amongft the many unqueftion'd merits 
 that have promoted you to that Dignity, I muft joyn with the accla- 
 
552 APPENDIX. 
 
 mations of all that have the honour to know your Lordfliip, that you 
 ftand fo qualified for Magiftracy, that 1 may truly fay,' in your advance 
 to the Seat of.Jufticey you come experienced to the, ballance you 
 hold :. Your.Commeree with the World, and: indeed your whole Life 
 has been fuch, that the Scales of Juftice have been your.conftant 
 Standard. ; « i ' > « 
 
 The Dealings of your Lordfhip with all mankind, have always 
 ftood that TeftjThat aJiasd Bar^iri, aji Over-reach, a rigpur or ex- 
 tremityj thofe too common, and indeed reputed venials itp Trade and 
 Traffick, havejbeen.fo utterly Strangers to you, that from your Equa- 
 lity, down to the^pooreft perfon conoern'd with you, You never .made 
 a murmurex, A hard word of Sir John Fleet is. a found that never 
 came near your Gates : The common Voice that Speaks your true 
 Worth and Goodnefs is, without an exception, univerfal : And if 'tis 
 poffible your Lordfliip can have an enemy, he that is fo, muft re- 
 nounce common Humanity, and write Barbarian to qualifie for that 
 name. Your known Integrity has been fo remarkably fignal, that 
 chaffering or Fadloring have been thought fo linneceflary Preliminaries 
 in dealing with Sir John Fleet, that 'tis ^enough You are the mouth 
 and oracle both of Buyer and Seller; Equity and Jufl:ice are left to 
 your own Decree ; infomuch that you fit Chancellor, when you trade 
 Merchant. 
 
 And that fofair a Chara£ter of your Lordfliip is no artful or bor- 
 row'd Colours, but your Natural and Subftantial Complexion; befides 
 the Concurrence of all Tongues to give you ibis Right, we have the 
 particular Smiles of Providence to joyn in the Teftihionial ; Your 
 extraordinary Affluence of bleffings, and fo early arid quick an advance 
 to fuch a mafs of profperity, being undoubtedly the peculiar Showers 
 of Heaven in reward of fo much deferving Virtue. , 
 
 But now, my Lord, to uflier Your Lordfliip to your Inauguration, 
 and the publick manifefliation of the General applaufe that waits your 
 Lordfliips Enfl:allment ; here, as too humble an Intruder, I leave you 
 to your Worthier Train of Votaries. But, in all the Honours of the 
 day, the proudefl: of your Triumph is your Reception of your Royal 
 Guefl:s; and the Richefl: of their Feafl:, the hearty Zeal that enter- 
 tains Them ; it being indeed (to fumm your merits) no little pride to 
 all good men, to have two fuch Princes ferved by fuch a Magiftrate : 
 In which Pofl: of Glory I leave Your Lordfliip, being in all Humility, 
 My Lord, 
 Your Lordfliips moft dutiful Servant, 
 
 E. Settle. 
 
APPENDIX. 553 
 
 To the Worfhipful Company of Grocers. 
 
 Gentlemen, 
 
 When I appear before you, and enter'd under fo fpacious a Roof, 
 prefume on one Hand to Survey the Worthy and numerous Members 
 of your Honorable Society ; or on the other hand the more large 
 Extent of your Commerce and Traffick, (either of which contem- 
 plations are a Providence above me) I fhall content myfelf to fumm 
 up my fpeculation on fo inviting a Subject, by giving you this Due. 
 
 Gentlemen, The whole world is but your Garden, and nature 
 your Confe6tioner, whilft all the Richeft Sweets and Spices, and all 
 the Treafures of your own Phoenix Neft are fo intirely Yours, that 
 I may juftly fay, the fofteft Dew of Heaven falls for your fakes, and 
 the warmeft Beams of Day fmile and cherilh for you, whilft the 
 nobleft Fruits and Produ61:s of the Earth only furnifh your Granary : 
 And if the Creation, fince the fhut Gates of Eden, and the flaming 
 Sword before it, has any remains of Paradice left, 'tis only in your 
 hands. 
 
 To tell the World, how many Monarchs have vouchfafed to make 
 themfelves Members of the Grocers Company; for inftance^ the 
 Second Charles, and our prefent Gracious William, (not to mention 
 the feveral nobility that have been proud of being enroll'd in the fame 
 Lift) too plainly intimates your Particular worth and deferts, when 
 the Inclinations of fo many crown'd heads have fingled out your 
 favourite Society their Particular Eleftion and Choice. 
 
 And when we look into the Records of your numerous Patrons 
 and Benefactors, methinks they ftand a perfe£t Emulation of Piety 
 and Bounty. Nor has your own continued fplendour, and ways dero- 
 gated from the Lufter of your Great Founders. Your magnificence, 
 on all occafions, fometimes perhaps even to a Fault (if Glory can 
 be one, and poor I may dare to call it fo,) has ever been Extraordi- 
 nary. And if the Particular Gallantry defign'd for this day fall any ways 
 fliortof your Intended Entertainment of his Lordfliip, the Misfortune 
 lies only in the -Shortnefs of the Preparation, occafion'd by his Lord- 
 fliips Tranflation to your Society, not early enough to fupply the 
 Artifts Hands with Time fuflicient for a more fumptuous Cavalcade. 
 
 I have a very ample Field before me j but in recounting the many 
 honours fo juftly your due, alas ! I make you but a very flender obla- 
 tion, when the Incenfe I offer is all your own ; for the Grandeur of 
 fo Honorable a Company challenges both that Eminence and Anti- 
 quity, that the little Oratory of fo poor a Pen, is but a very feeble 
 illuftration to Merits and Virtues fo confpicuous. 
 
 4B 
 
554 APPENDIX. 
 
 I fhall therefore conclude, with only one hearty wifli : As you have 
 been bleft with fo many Noble Founders, may the Honorable Living 
 be infpired by the Example of the Great Dead ; and may you never 
 want, what you fhall always deferve, the kindeft of Benefadlors : 
 Which fhall be the Prayer of, 
 
 Gentlemen, 
 Your Moft Devoted humble Servant, 
 
 E. Settle. 
 
 The Movements of the Morning. 
 
 Between Seven and Eight in the Morning the whole Company 
 defign'd for the Duty of the Day, meet at Grocer's-Hall. 
 
 1. The Mafler, Wardens, and AfTiflants, in Gowns faced with 
 Foins, and their Hoods. 
 
 2. The Livery in the Gowns faced with Budg, and their Hoods. 
 
 3. Forty Foyns Batchelors in Gowns and Scarlet Hoods. 
 
 4. Forty Budg-Batchelors in Gowns and Scarlet Hoods. 
 
 5. Forty Gentlemen Ufhers in Velvet Coats, each of them a Chain 
 of Gold about his Shoulder, and a White Staff in his Hand. 
 
 6. Several Drums and Fifes with Scarfs, and the Colours of the 
 Company in their Hats, Crimfon and White. 
 
 7. The Serjeant Trumpet, and Twenty-four Trumpets more, 
 wherof Sixteen are their Majeflies, the Serjeant Trumpet wearing 
 two Scarfs, a Crimfon, and a White. 
 
 8. The Drum-Major to the King, wearing a Shoulder Scarf of the 
 Companies Colours, with others of their Majeflies Drums and Fifes. 
 
 9. The two City Marfhals, each of them mounted on horfe back, 
 with Rich Furniture, Hoofings, and Crupper all Embroider'd : Six 
 Servitors likewife mounted to attend, with Scarfs, and Colours of the 
 Companies. 
 
 10. The Foot-Marfhal with a Scarf, and fix attendants in Colours. 
 
 1 1. The Mafler of Defence with the fame Scarf and Colours, 
 Eight Perfons of the fame Science to attend him. 
 
 12. Twenty Penfioners with Coats and Caps, employed in carry- 
 ing Standards and Banners. 
 
 This order'd, and accommodated, they are commited to the 
 management of the Foot-Marfhal, who diflributes them in feven divi- 
 fions, and rank'd all two by two, beginning with the inferior part of 
 the Standard-Bearers. In the head of them are placed two Drums, 
 one Fife, and one Gentleman bearing the Companies Arms. 
 
APPENDIX. S55 
 
 In the Rear of them, two Gentlemen bearing banners, containing 
 the Arms of the deceafed Benefaftors. 
 
 In the Center of them, fall two Drums. 
 
 In the rear of them three Drums, one Fife, and two Gentlemen 
 in Plufli-Coats, bearing two Banners, one of their Majefties, the 
 other of the Companies, After them Six Gentlemen-U fliers, follow'd 
 by the Budg-Batchelors. 
 
 The next, two Gentlemen bearing two other Banners ; after them 
 Six Gentlemen Ufliers, fucceeded by the Foyns Batchelors. 
 
 In the Rear fall in two Drums, and Fife. Then two Gentlemen, 
 one bearing my Lord Mayors, the other the City Banners, Then 
 twelve Geatlemen Ufliers, and after them the Court of Affiftance, 
 which makes the laft Divifion. 
 
 The Right Honorable the Lord Mayor, with the Principal Alder- 
 men and Sheriffs, mounts his Horfe, with the Aldermen two by two, 
 the Sheriffs in the Rear. 
 
 In this Equipage of two and two, the whole Body move toward 
 Grocers-Hall, where the Lord Mayor eleft attended from Cloth- 
 workers Hall joyns with the old Lord Mayor and his retinue i whence 
 all of them in this order march through King Street down to Three- 
 Crane- Wharf, there entering into their feveral Barges which are glo- 
 rioufly adorned with Flags and Pendants, His Lordfhip and his Gallant 
 Company all landing at Weflminfler, is condu6ted to the Exchequer 
 Bar J there having performed feveral ceremonial and cuflomary duties, 
 and taken the Oaths to their Majeflies, he returns again by Water 
 to Black-Fryers-Stairs, with Drums beating. Trumpets founding, 
 Mufick playing &c. 
 
 There his Lordfhip, and the feveral Companys landing from their 
 refpeftive Barges, the reft of the Attendants that went not to Wefl- 
 minfler, waiting for his reception, the whole body moves in order 
 before him to Cheapfide, where his Lordfhip is faluted with the fixfl 
 Pageant. 
 
 The firft Pageant. 
 
 On a large Stage is mounted a Golden Camel upon a Pedeftal 
 mofl richly ornamented with Carved works of gold and filver, being 
 a proper Bafis for fo Noble a Creature, as the Honourable Creft of 
 the Worlhipful Company of Grocers. 
 
 On the Back of this Magnificent Creature, between two Frails 
 of Fruits, as Raifms, and Almonds, Dates, Spices, and Gumms, of all 
 forts, fits a Negro habited according to the Indian manner, in one hand 
 the King's Banner, with the other liberally diflributing the Bountiful 
 
556 APPENDIX. 
 
 Produ£i: of his Country, his Bridle and Trappings being Crimfon, as 
 the proper colours of the Ancient Company of Grocers. 
 
 On a defcent beneath, fit placed four Cardinal Virtues, Juftice, 
 Temperance, Prudence, and Fortitude, Habited with their proper 
 Ornaments ; as Juftice in a Robe of White Silk to fliew her Inno- 
 cency ; in one hand a large Banner of my Lords Arms, in the other 
 a Sword of Juftice, and a pair of Golden Scales ; which young Vir- 
 gin makes a Speech to the Lord Mayor, as his firft Entertainment 
 in Cheapfide. 
 
 The reafon why Juftice is expreft by a Young Virgin, to fhew 
 that Judges and Adminiftrators of the Law ought to be Incorrupt and 
 free from Bribes, Partiality, or Flattery, but conftant and fincere. 
 
 On the four Corners of the Stage are Ere6led four Pyramids of 
 Honour, Ornamented with the Coats of Arms of the Worthy Bene- 
 factors and Freemen of the Virtuous Company of Grocers, as a true 
 Emblem of their Juftice and Piety. 
 
 The Speech fpoken by Juftice. 
 
 Behold proud Londons Great Praetorian Lord 
 
 Commands at once my Ballance, and my Sword, 
 
 Yes, Sir, with Triumph I my Wreaths refign : 
 
 So well my Chaplets mull thofe Brows entwine. 
 
 Juftice to you muft Tributary be : 
 
 My Ballance weighs the World, and You weigh Me. 
 
 Juftice ! — How nobly miift you fill that Sphear, 
 
 When Sacred William moimts and plants you there ? 
 
 When Greatnefs, Honour, Truth fo all Divine, 
 
 'Tis He that lends thofe Rays with which you ftiine ; 
 
 Whilft from His hand you hold your rolling Year, 
 
 Drive on, Great Sir, a Glorious Charioteer, 
 
 A fairer Circle you can never run. 
 
 Nor can you borrow from a Warmer Sun. 
 
 The two following Pageants 
 
 Are two Griffons, ereded on two large Stages, being the Antient 
 Supporters of the Arms of the Company of Grocers, elaborated, 
 guilded, and painted according to their proper bearings. On the Backs 
 of thefe two ftately Creatures, between their Wings fit mounted on 
 two large Frails of Fruit and Spice, two Tawny-Moors richly adorned, 
 and array'd in choice Indian Silks, the Habit befitting the Degree 
 and Quality of the Figures, in all the gayeft Finery fuitable to the Oc- 
 cafion. In their Right Hands they hold the King's Banner, and the 
 Cities ; in their left, a Shield, with the Arms of the Company. On 
 their Heads are Coronets of Feathers, befet with Pearls and Jewels. 
 
 On the 8 Corners of the two Stages fit eight Figures, intimating 
 
APPENDIX. SS7 
 
 eight more Virtues, as Love and Honour, Induftry and Vigilance, 
 Truth and Mercy, Hope and Piety, All habited according to the 
 Ancients Defcription, with Banners Flying, and Trumpets Sound- 
 ing, in Honour to the Worthy Magiftrate, the Right Honourable 
 Sir John Fleet. 
 
 The fourth Pageant. 
 The Triumphal Temple of Pallas. 
 
 This Temple is moft exquifitly contrived, and beautified with all 
 the Ornaments, and Embellifhments imaginable, the Compofure of 
 the Fabrick being of the moft ftately ancient Architefture. 
 
 In the contrivance of this Temple, are four Arches or Neiches, 
 wherein are placed four figures, reprefenting four Poetical Deities, 
 all moft richly habited. 
 
 Firft Pallas the Goddefs of Wifdom, Arts, and Arms, according to 
 her three titles of Pallas, Minerva and Bellona ; her habit is a robe of 
 Purple, with a Silver Head-piece, and a plume of Red and White 
 Feathers ; in her Right hand, fhe holds a Banner of the City- Arms, 
 and in her left a Spear and Shield charged with a Gorgons Head. 
 
 The Second Figure is Neptune the God of the Sea, in a Sea- 
 Green filken Robe, his Coronet of Shells and Corals, in one hand 
 the Kings-Banner, in the other a Trident, intimating his Soveraignty 
 of the Seas. 
 
 The third figure Thetis the Goddefs of the Sea, in a watchet 
 colour filk Robe, and a Coronet of Flowers. 
 
 The fourth Figure is Mercury the God of Wit in a Sky-colour'd 
 Robe, on his head a Silver Cap with twb fmall Silver Wings, in one 
 hand his Caduce, in the other the Banner of the Companies. 
 
 The whole Temple is dedicated to the Honour of the Grocers, in 
 intimating thefe four Gods and Goddeffes, the Wifdom and Wit re- 
 quifite for the management of their Traffick through all parts of the 
 Univerfe ; and the Ocean the proper Scene of their Commerce, as 
 importing from thence all their Spices and Fruits from the remoteft 
 Plantations of the World. And the whole likewife applicable to his 
 Lordlhip, the Goddefs of Wifdom being the principal Figure in the 
 front of the Temple, implying the neceffity of Wifdom to prefide at 
 the Helm, in governing the Metropolis of England. 
 
 The Speech fpoken by Pallas. 
 
 When Arts, Armes, Wifdom, in one Goddefs Joyn, 1 
 
 By fuch proud Attributes enftall'd Divine, > 
 
 How bright muft the Illuftrious Pallas ftiine ? ) 
 But hold i why do I fill this borrow'd Throne ? 
 
558 APPENDIX. 
 
 And arrogate thofe Plumes are not my own ? 
 
 To you, Great Sii-, I all my Laurels owe ; 
 
 They're only Plants which from your Garden grow. 
 
 Arts Glorious Patron, and their Founder too. 
 
 Are Titles, Sir, alone belong to you. 
 
 Arms too are yours. Does the rfirill Tmmpet found 
 
 To Battle ? is the conquering Heroe Crown'd ? 
 
 'Tis Wealth, the Nerve of War, the Soldier fires. 
 
 And the Rich City the rough Camp Infpires. 
 
 And Wifdom, Sir, that's doubly yours, that fair 1 
 
 And brighteft Jewel that adorns your Chair ; >• 
 
 The Merit that advanc'd, and fixt you there. ) 
 
 Let that. Great Magiftrate, your Councils guide. 
 
 And win all Hearts, the Cities Love and Pride. 
 
 Then, what Rich Bleffings from your Power (hall flow ! 
 
 For, Oh, what Wonders cannot Wifdom do ? 
 
 When Wifdom fleers the Helm, and Rules the Stage, 
 
 She Plants a Golden, 'midft an Iron, Age. 
 
 Hence the Lord Mayor, the Sheriffs, the Aldermen and this 
 whole Honourable Train, move to Guildhall ; where they finifli the 
 Triumphs of the Day, in the Honour they receive of attending on 
 their Majefties at Dinner. 
 
 The Preparations for whofe Reception, are as 
 follows : 
 
 Upon the Huttings, at the upper-end of the Hall, is eredled a 
 ftately Structure of the Corinthian Order. 
 
 This Strufture is fupported firft by two noble Columns of jEgyp- 
 tian Marble, whofe Bafes and Capitals are Gold. 
 
 On the top of thefe are advanced two Pyramids of Modern Tro- 
 phies, as Banners, Head-Pieces, &c. 
 
 Between thefe two Columns is planted an Arch, on which is 
 erefted the King's-Arms in a moft noble Shield, with Feftoons of 
 Silver on each fide, and the Cities Arms beneath it. 
 
 On the right and left of thefe Columns, fland four Pilafters of 
 Lapis Lazuli, with Capitals and Bafes of Gold, Ornamented with 
 Feftoons and Shields of Silver. On the tops of thefe Pilafters are 
 erefted Neptune and Pallas. 
 
 On the other two Pilafters, are two Pyramids of Ancient Military 
 Trophies, as Helmets, Plumes, Bows, Quivers, &c. 
 
 Over all is a large Entablature of Silver, in the middle of which, 
 between the Pilafter and Columns, are planted eight Shields, or 
 Targets, bearing the arms of England, Scotland, France, and 
 Ireland, interchanged. 
 
 The other four, the Kings, the Cities, the Lord Mayors, and 
 Grocers, like wife interchanged. 
 
APPENDIX. 559 
 
 Round the columns are twifted this Motto, relating to the Poetical 
 Story of Perfeus and Andromeda. 
 
 Hue volat, hoc fugat, hanc folvens cupiente potitur. 
 
 Thus Engliiht. 
 Hither he flew, this Monfter he deftroy'd. 
 And his dear Care the grateful Nymph enjoy'd. 
 
 On the Front of all, annext to the Entablature, are four Shields. 
 Two of which contain the King and Queens Effigies, and the 
 other two the late memorable Fight at Sea, with thefe Motto's. 
 
 Fidei Statores. 
 Thus Paraphrafed. 
 
 T' our Faiths Defenders let our Homage bow, 
 Thofe Titular Names are folid Glories now. 
 
 Imperium Oceano Famam non terminet Aftris. 
 Let the wide Ocean his Dominion bound. 
 But his loud Fame beyond the Stars refound. 
 
 Naflbvise nil non efficient Manus. 
 
 What Glories are for Naflau's Arms decreed. 
 His own Steel Pen fliall write, and Ages Read. 
 
 In the two Naval Targets, under the French Fleet, is written 
 
 this motto. 
 
 Extinfto fole, vifla invincibili. 
 
 When Power meets Pride, thus Infolence purfu'd, 
 Their Sun extinft. Invincible fubdu'd. 
 
 Under this Stru(5lure adorned with all other ftate and magnificence 
 fuitable. Dine their Majefties and the Ladies of the Bed-Chamber. 
 
 On their Right hand, on the North fide of the Hall, on a rais'd 
 Work fumptuoufly cover'd Dine the Foreign Agents and Principal 
 Minifters of State. 
 
 On their Left, on a rais'd Work, equally adorned. Dine their 
 Majefties Privy Council, and the other Lords Spiritual and Temporal. 
 
 On a fecond rais'd Work, on the fame fide, are feated the Com- 
 miffioners of the Treafury and Cuftom-Houfe, &c. 
 
 Right over-againft their Majefties Table, at the Weft end of the 
 Hall, fit the Lord Mayor and Aldermen ; and beneath, on either 
 hand. Dine the Livery. 
 
 In the Lord Mayors Court above. Dine the Lady Mayorefs, and 
 the Aldermens Ladies; and after them, at the fame Table, new 
 fpread, are the Queens Maids of Honour entertain'd. 
 
 In the Old Council Chamber, are feated all the Judges and Serjeants 
 at Law, and in the Orphans Court, all the Clerks artd their Retinue. 
 
560 APPENDIX. 
 
 And in the Irifti Chamber, all thofe Honourable Attendants that 
 wait on the King at Dinner. 
 
 The Entertainment is furnifti'd with three fets of mufick, Their 
 Majefties Private Mufick on a Scaffold over the Huttings ; The 
 King's and City Mufick in the Gallery of the Hall, and the Trumpets 
 and Kettle-Drums, &c., on a ftage at the Lower-end of the Hall, 
 the Serjeant-Trumpet on all occafions giving the Signal to the 
 Trumpets and Kettle-Drums of their Majefties and the Lord 
 Mayor's Health, from either Table. 
 
 Having thus far introduced my reader into this glittering Scene of 
 Gallantry, I fhall not pretend to give him any farther Particulars, 
 either in fetting forth the tables, or marftialling the Difties ; I'le 
 omit that unneceffary Relation. I believe there needs but little 
 defcription of that Feaft, where the Lord Mayor, the Sheriffs, and 
 the Court of Aldermen, &c. are the founders. I leave my Reader 
 therefore to his own imagination to think, ho*? fuch Royal Guefts 
 may be entertain'd by fuch Inviters. 
 
 But among thefe gay and jovial Guefts I had almoft forgotten a 
 very important part of our Good Company, viz. the numerous 
 crowd of Gazers and Spe£lators of both Sexes, who though not 
 altogether fo well provided for, as the other feated Guefts, and per- 
 haps their mouths go not fo chearfuUy, will have neverthelefs all the 
 reft of their Senfes fo highly banqueted, that undoubtedly they will 
 receive that intire content and fatisfaflion, as to depart with Little 
 lefs than the whole Pleafure and Riot of a perfedl Feftival. 
 
 And, Gentlemen, you that do me the honour to perufe this fhort, 
 but exa<Sl Narration I have here made you, being indeed no more 
 than the Feaft in minature, were I that Artift, as Apelles with his 
 Grapes, to give your well pleas'd Fancy any Relilh or Tafte of fo 
 glorious an Entertainment, I fhould not a little pride my felf, in 
 adding my Readers to the number of the Guefts. 
 
 Here leaving the City to their Pride and Glory, in their humbleft 
 Tenders of their Loyalty and Zeal to their Royal Guefts, and their 
 Majefties themfelves to the unqueftion'd Delight they fhall receive 
 from the Loyal Hearts and Knees that wait them there ; in all this 
 Splendour, and all the Honour and Quality that fwell the Grandeur 
 of the Day ; I beg the Readers leave, in drawing to a conclufion, to 
 thruft in my felf, fo far a Sharer and Participater of the Feaft, as to 
 joyn both with the Guefts and Spectators in, at leaft, one of the chear- 
 fulleft parts of the Entertainment, viz, in the uniyerfal acclamations of 
 Long Live our Gracious Soveraigns, 
 King William and Queen Mary ; 
 And ever flourifli the Honourable City of London. 
 
APPENDIX. 561 
 
 London's Love, 
 
 or 
 
 The Entertainment of the Parliament. 
 
 Being a true difcription of the great and generous welcome, given to 
 
 the Houfes of Lords and Commons 
 
 on the 19 day of Jan. at Grocers Hall, 1641, by divers Citizens 
 
 of good quality. Wherein is declared the great and 
 
 manifold expreffions of Love betwixt the 
 
 Lords and Commons. 
 
 Likewife the Cities Proteftation both to the King and Parliament, concerning 
 their Loyall AfFedions and unexpreffable Loves. 
 
 London, Printed for John Thomas, 1641. 
 
 LONDON'S LOVE, 
 
 or The Parliaments Entertainment. 
 
 THE City as it is rich in treafure, fo is it ftor'd with a great mea- 
 fure of that chiefeft treafure ; namely. Love, and courteous 
 Generofity, being fo neere allied to their natures, as Gentility to their 
 bloods, being for the Major part Gentlemen, artificiall, as well as 
 Gentlemen naturall, though Younger brothers, who, caufe their 
 Fathers indulgence to their eldeft, caufed a want of indulgence to- 
 wards them, their owne ftudious endeavours are become fruitful ; {o 
 that (though the youngeft) they are become the chiefeft fupporters of 
 their Fathers Armes, fince Gentility without wealth ftaggers like a 
 ficke man not able to fupport them ; therefore, it is a vaine and fruit- 
 lefle judgement, that fliall preferre painted Prodigality before naturall 
 induftry, can it be a crime, or deferves it a fcorne to be iixt in the 
 middle Region, not like Icarus, foaring againft the Sunne, whofe re- 
 fulgent heate would quickly melt the waxe that cimments fuch am- 
 bition, then they fall and plunge themfelves into a certeene Golgotha, 
 where fad affliction hourely waits on them, want, grim defpayre, and 
 all thofe megre fiends, that waits on Poverty, every Peafants fcorne, 
 each abje6t ilave will thinke himfelfe too good to lend a hand to catch 
 a falling Starre, and though a Gentleman of the beft blood of Brittaine 
 if he want wealth, hee's not fo much refpedted as the Pooreft Begger, 
 be he ne're fo bafe, if he be worth a ftiilling, then who can blame 
 
 4 C 
 
562 APPENDIX. 
 
 thefe Buds of Brittaines hope, if by induftrious care they ftrive to 
 gaine meanes to fupport their Fames, let thofe proud gallants, that 
 doe ftrive to walke like painted Camells (laden with more wealth in 
 one poore fuite, then all their Eftates is worth) fcorne honeft, thrift 
 and carefull induftry, let them embrace floth, drunkennefle, and luft, 
 and with them poverty, for that muft follow, yet let thefe gentle and 
 much Nobler Plants ftrive by their honeft and induftrious Arts to doe 
 themfelves good, and their Countrey in fcorning thofe bafer abje£ls 
 that defpife the name of Tradefman or of Citizen, when fpight of their 
 Gentility, and Wit, one Citizen for perfeft Judgement, Gentry, 
 Wealth, may buy a hundred of thofe broken Gallants, and for a gene- 
 rail welfare will expend more wealth at one poore meeting, then they 
 are, or ever ftiall be worth, although they beg ten Pattents in a yeare, 
 and after flye for it. 
 
 A firme example of this was feene in this City on Wedriefday laft 
 being the 19. day of January. The Lords fitting the day before at 
 Grocers Hall, where divers noble Citizens of good Ranke came and 
 invited them and the whole Houfe of Commons to a Feaft the next 
 day, which was courteoufly accepted of the Lords, but the Honour- 
 able Houfe of Commons not knowing what occafion might happen, 
 they would not promife them, but the next day, finding that their in- 
 gagements to the Invitors love was great, they were pleas'd for that 
 prefent day to wave their proceedings and at the appoynted time they 
 came generally, very few being abfent that were refident in the Citie, 
 the Lords Ukewife were all prefent (onely two, or three, which were 
 ingag'd about fome unexpedted aiFaires,) at which time there was ex- 
 prefs't (to the great joy and comfort of thofe noble minded Invitors) 
 many unexpreflable, though voluntary fignes of fubftantiall Love, be- 
 tweene the Lords, and Commons, declaring with fweet alacrity a firme 
 and infeperable union, withall declaring by noble expreffions, their 
 courteous acknowledgements to the Citie in generall, and to the In- 
 vitors in particular, fo great was their Entertainment, and fo free a 
 welcome they received being attended almoft by 150 Citizens of 
 good ranke, (being the Invitors) as divers that have Fin'd for Sheriffe, 
 Common Counceil Men, Merchants, & Tradefmen, of the beft ranke 
 and quality, both for wealth, and wifdome. 
 
 After both Houfes were rifen from Dinner the Tables were all 
 fiU'd with their attendants, well furniflied with all forts of provifion, 
 and a large expreffion of weltome, made by the Citizans, to them 
 likewife. 
 
 Alfo Captaine Langham and his Company, who then guarded both 
 Houfes, were feafted in a moft bountiful! manner. 
 
 Such is the Love of the City of London, to thofe Worthy Heroes 
 
APPENDIX. 563 
 
 of our times, the Members of Parliament, that as they have often ex- 
 prefled to them, they are, and will be alwaies ready, not onely to lay 
 downe their eftates, but alfo their lives, in all lawfull wayes to pre- 
 ferve and defend his Majefties Royall perfons and theirs, and the Pri- 
 viledges of Parliament againft all oppofites whatfoever. 
 
 This great Entertainment and Proteftation fliewes them to be as 
 truly Noble as rich, and as truely Loyall as Loving, fince their Pro- 
 vidence is not attended with Penury, nor their Bounty with Prodi- 
 gality, but a Judicious moderation, expreffing to the World, that they 
 know as well how to employ wealth, as to get it ; therefore let not 
 any man that is ufed to judge of other mens ailions by his owne^ 
 tearme this entertainment a vaine glorious a6tion, left he incurre 
 to himfelfe a condemnation. Repentance can hardly cure, for true 
 Love and zealous Loyalty may be Ambitious to expreiTe it felfe, 
 but it cannot be vaine glory to performe any good aiStion, fmce a wife 
 man knowes it is regarded in the performance as doubtlefs theirs will 
 be, fince what they have expended in Coyne, they have largely re- 
 ceived in Love, having had a large teftimony of the Parliaments care 
 and Prote(Sl:ion of them and their welfares, which to the Comfort of 
 all the City, will, no doubt, bee largely fhewed upon them. 
 
 Thus have I given you a Ihort yet true Difcription of the Cities 
 glory and Parliaments Love, now I fliall leave all true Subjefts to fol- 
 low their examples, hoping that no man will be backward, to expreffe 
 their Loves and Loyalty to fo gracious a Prince, and fo Honourable 
 a Parliament, which ftrive with their Religious cares to plant a true 
 Religion and a Firme peace in his Majefties Kingdome, which that 
 they may bring to paffe, let all true and Loyall SubjeiSts daily pray to 
 God, to give a blefling upon their Councels and confultations, and let 
 all the people fay, Amen. 
 
564 APPENDIX. 
 
 Notes. 
 
 The Triumphs of London. 
 
 P. 501, 1. 34. — Surjled,] Properly purfled, from pourfiler, Fr. to ornament with 
 trimmings, flounces or embroidery. The fenfe in which the word is here ufed, to 
 indicate plaited ribbon is precifely the fame as in Spenfer's " Faerie Queen." 
 " Purfled upon with many a folded plight." 
 
 P. 504, 1. 4. — luatchet.l Blue, pale blue ; Todd's Johnfon. " Watchet Eyes " 
 are mentioned in Dryden's Juvenal. 
 
 P. 506, 1. 23. — Ihe Pageant defcribed.'] This line, fo awkwardly introduced in 
 the midft of a fentence, could not be omitted or placed elfewhere ; and this remark 
 is merely made, to point out its pofition as being the fame in the original copy. 
 
 P. 506, 1. 28. — pen/lb.'] Small pointed flags. 
 
 P. 510, 1. 47. — the porters bear the burden^ This appears to be a pun upon the 
 porters, who bore the pageant, and the children who perfonated the various cha- 
 raflers on thefe occafions ; and this is not the only inftance of a fimilar infliftion. 
 
 P. 512, 1. 10. — 'vehjet rocket.'] A clofe upper garment. 
 
 P. 513, 1. 8. — Dunkirk.'] The difgraceful fale of Dunkirk by Charles II., was 
 univerfally unpopular, and with no clafs of men more fo than the London mer- 
 chants, in whole eyes it was as precious as Calais had before been to Queen Mary; 
 and they ofiisred through the Mayor any fum of money to the king, fo that this con- 
 (juefl:, won by Cromwell, might not be alienated. Spain, Holland, and France bid 
 tor it, and Charles fold it to Louis XIV. for five millions of livres, payable in three 
 years, by bills of different dates, and which money was fquandered among the dif- 
 reputables of his Court. Clarendon, who fanftioned and aided the fale, came in 
 for a full (hare of odium, and his gorgeous town houfe was chriftened " Dunkirk- 
 Houfe" by the people who believed it to be erefted with fome portion of the 
 money. 
 
 P. 513, I. 39. — the Canarys.'] An old lively dance, the notes of which may be 
 found in Thoinett Arbeau, and Merfenne ; it is mentioned by Shakefpeare in his 
 " Love's Labour's Lofl:," Aft m. fc. i. "Jig off' a tune at the tongue's end, canary 
 to it with your feet." See notes to the Variorum edition. 
 
 P. 514, 1. 14. — neiu dijireffes faintng.] The feverity with which Jordan has fati- 
 rized the Citizens in this little interlude compofed for and fung at the principal 
 feaft of the year, may be confidered as a fpecimen of independent feeling a little 
 out of charafter in a writer, who was not fcrupulous in making money by flattering 
 dedications and new title pages to old books. He, however, feems to have con- 
 fidered himfelf at liberty to tell the Citizens of their faults to their faces, and fpeak 
 out on political matters with perfeft freedom upon all public occafions, whenever 
 his fervices were required. The reader will notice this, in his Entertainments for 
 the M^yor and Sheriff's, reprinted as an Appendix to this volume; and he will alfo 
 obferve another of his peculiarities, the introduftion of a "Zummerzet-zheere man," 
 as the type of Countrymen in general. 
 
APPENDIX. 565 
 
 No. XVII. 
 Some Account of the Eftate belonging to the Worfliip- 
 ful Company of Grocers, in the County 
 of Derry, in Ireland. 
 
 The caufes which led to the eftablifliment of a Colony of Lon- Origin c 
 doners in the North of Ireland being but little known, it may not f'^ Plan 
 be confidered irrelevant to give a brief account of them by way of uifte" '" 
 introduftion to the hiftory of the Grocers' eftate in the fitter country. 
 
 In the early part of the feventeenth century, at the clofe of the 
 Reign of ^een Elizabeth, feveral diftinguiflied Roman Catholics of 
 the province of Ulfter in the north of Ireland, and, at their head, 
 O'Neill, Earl o/Tir-Owen,hioke out into a revolt againft the Crown 
 of England. After confiderable refiftance on their part, they were 
 overcome and, finally, attainted of high treafon and their princely pof- 
 feffions, confifting of fix counties,* were, in the reign of James I. 
 vefted in the Crown by aft of parliament as forfeited property. 
 
 This part of Ireland having been always notorious for the fhelter it 
 afforded to difafFedted perfons, the King, on his acceflionto the throne, 
 refolved, in order to fupport his power, to avail himfelf of the reformed 
 religion as a means of eftabliftiing a fettlement on the efcheated lands, 
 to be compofed of fuch Englifh and Scottifh Proteftants as could be 
 induced to fettle amongft a people fo turbulent and reftlefs as the na- 
 tives of this part of the country then were ; and, with a view to the 
 formation of fuch a colony, he applied to the City of London, offering 
 to grant the citizens a large portion of the forfeited eftates byway of 
 inducement to them to entertain the projedi. The citizens accord- 
 ingly undertook the plantation, and King James, on the 29th of March 
 ^613, granted them a charter for carrying the fame into efFedt ; and, 
 although they encountered great difficulties on account of the enor- 
 mous expenfe which attended the meafure and the oppofition they met 
 with, they finally fucceeded in accomplifhing the intended objeft. 
 
 By this charter the Irijh Society were incorporated ; and they adted 
 under it until the reign of Charles I. when it was revoked and de- 
 clared void by a fentence in the Court of Star Chamber ; but on the 
 i6th of April 1662, Charles II. granted a new charter, confirming 
 the previous one of James I. and reftoring the Society to their rights; 
 under this, the Society continue to a6l as a Corporation.^ 
 
 The firft proceedings of the Grocers' Company relative to the 
 
 ' Armagh, Tyrone, Coleraine, Donegal, Fermanagh, and Cavan. 
 ' A concife View of the Origin, &c. of the Irifh Society, 1822. 
 
566 APPENDIX. 
 
 eftates in Ireland, are detailed at length in the books and are con- 
 ceived in the following terms : — 
 .609. c« ^ July.— This day, at an affembly of the Ward-^ & C of Affift- 
 ants, a precept was read dated the i^' ins', diredted to them by the 
 Lord Mayo', with a copy of certain motives and reasons to induce 
 the Citizens of this City to undertake a plantation in the 
 north parts of Ireland, and a printed book, containing a collec- 
 tion of fuch Orders and Conditions as are to be obferved by the 
 Undertakers, upon the diftribution and plantation of the efcheated 
 lands in Ulfter, lately received by his Lordfhp from the Lords of 
 H. Maj"''" Moft Hon. Privy Council and to the faid precept annexed, 
 the tenor of which precept and motives do hereafter enfue, viz'. 
 
 "BY THE MAIOR. 
 
 >recept Xo the Maftcr and Ward"^ of the Companie of 
 
 mm tnf. ^ 
 
 rom 
 
 -ofd Grocers. 
 
 Jayor. 
 
 Whereas I have latelie received from the Lords of His Ma"'"' Moft 
 Ho'"''' Privie Counfell, a proje£t for a Plantation in Ireland, the coppie 
 whereof, togeather w"' a printed booke you fliall receive herevnto an- 
 nexed, w"" intimation of His Ma""'' moft gracious favo' & love to the 
 Cittie of London to graunt vnto us the firft offer of foe worthie an 
 accion, w'"" is likelie to proove pleafinge to Almightie God, ho''''^ to 
 the Cittie & profitable to the vndertakers ; Theis are therefore to will 
 and require you p''fentlie to affemble togeather a competent nomber 
 of the graveft & moft fubftanciall men of yo'' Companie, to confider 
 advifedlie of the fayd Projefte, & of them to nominate fowre men of 
 moft judgement & experience to joyne w* like nomber of fowre men 
 of eu'ie other of the Companies of this Cittie amongft themfelves, 
 to confider of & fett downe in writinge fuch reafons, orders, de- 
 mandes, and other circumftances as are fitt to be remembered, re- 
 quired, or reformed in the undertakinge of foe worthie & foe ho*"'' an 
 accion, & certefie me in wrytinge, before the fiveth daye of this 
 inftant Julie, the names of fuch fowre of yo'' Companie as you fliall 
 foe nominate & appoynt wherein you are not to fayle in any wyfe. 
 From Guildhall, this firft daye of Julie 1609. 
 
 Sebright." 
 
 5 Maij Motives and Reafons to induce the Cittie of London 
 °'' to undertake Plantation in the Northe of Ireland. 
 
 The late ruinated Cittie of the Derrie, fcittuated vppon the river 
 of Loughfoyle, navigable w"" good veflels above the Derrie, & one 
 
APPENDIX. s^7 
 
 other place at or neare the caftle of Colraine, fcittuate vppon the 
 river of the Ban, navigable w"' fmall veflelis onlie, by reafon of the 
 Barre a litle above Colraine, doe feeme to be fitteft places for the 
 Cittie of London to plant. 
 
 Theire fcittuacon is fuch as, w"" fmall chardges and induftrie, the 
 forefayde places (efpeciallie the Derrie) may be made by land almoft 
 impregnable, & foe wrill more fafelie afforde fafetie & fecuritie to 
 thofe that flialbe fent thither to inhabite. 
 
 To theife townes his Ma"' may be pleafed to graunt not onlie Cor- 
 poracons w"" fuch liberties & priviledges for theire good goverment, 
 &c. as (halbe convenient, but alfoe the whole territorie or county 
 betwext them, w'^'' is above xx'" myles in lengthe, included w"' the 
 fea on the northe, the river of Ban on the eaft, and the river of 
 Derrye or Loughfoyle on the vifeft ; out of w* one thoufand acres 
 or more may be allotted to eche of the townes for theire coinons 
 rent free, the reft to be planted w"* fuch vndertakers as the Cittie of 
 London fliall thinke good for theire beft profitt, payeinge onlie for 
 the fame the eafy rent of the vndertakers. 
 
 His Ma"^ may be likewife pleafed to graunte to theis townes the 
 benifit of all the cuftomes of all goods to be imported thither or ex- 
 ported thence, as well pondage as tunnage, as the greate & fmall 
 cuftomes for xx'''i yeares payeinge yearlie \is. v'lnd. Iriftie, as an ac- 
 knowledgement. 
 
 Further, that his Ma"' wolde be pleafed to buye from the poflef- 
 fo" the Salmon Fifliings of the rivers of Ban & Loughfoyle, and, out 
 of his princelie bowntie, beftowe the fame vppon theis townes for 
 theire better encouragement, w'='' fome yeares prooveth verie plenti- 
 ful! & proffitable. 
 
 As likewife to graunte them licence to tranfporte all prohibited 
 wares growinge vppon theire owne lands. 
 
 And,laftlie,the admiraltie in the coafts of Terconnell and Colraine, 
 now (as is fuppofed) in the Lorde Deputie by the Lord Admiral's 
 graunte maye be by his Ma**''' meanes transferred vnto them for the 
 like term of xxj yeares. 
 
 The Land Commodities w'^'^ the Northe of Ireland 
 
 afFordeth. 
 
 The countrie is well watered gen''allie by aboundance of good 
 fprings, brooks, and rivers, and plentie of fewel, either by meanes of 
 wood, or, where that is wantinge, of good & wholefome turfe. 
 
 It yieldeth ftore of all thinges neceflarie for manne's fuftenaunce in 
 fuch meaiure as maye not onlie maineteyne yt felfe, but alfoe furnifhe 
 
568 APPENDIX. 
 
 the Cittie of London yeareliew"* manyfolde provifion, efpeciallie for 
 theire fleetes, as, namelie, w"' beeves, porke, fiflie, rye, beare, peafe, 
 & beanes, w"'' will alfo in fome yeares helpe the dearthe of the Cittie 
 & countrie about, & the ftorehowfes appoynted for releife of the 
 poore. 
 
 As it is fitt for all fortes of hufbandrie, foe for breedinge wares, & 
 increafe cattell it doth excell, where may be expefted plentie of 
 butter & cheefe, hides & tallowe. 
 
 Englifli fheepe will breede abundantlie in Ireland, the fea-coaft & 
 the nature of the foyle beinge verie whollfome for them ; and, if 
 neede were, wool might be had cheaplie & plentifuUie out of the 
 weft pts of Scotland. 
 
 Itt is held to be good in many places for madder, hoppes, and wood. 
 
 Itt afFowrdeth fells of all fortes in greate quantitie, redd deare, 
 foxes, fheepe, lambe, conye, martin, fquirrell, &c. 
 
 Hempe & flax doe more naturallie growe theare than elfewheare, 
 w"*" being verie well regarded might give greate provifion for canvafle, 
 cables, cordage, and fuch like requifites for fhippinge, befides the 
 redd lynneij cloth, & all ftufFs made of lynnen yarne, w'^'' is both 
 fyner & more plentifull there than in all the reft of the kingdome. 
 
 Materialls for buildinge — tymber, ftone, lyme-ftone, flate, and 
 fhingle is affbwrded in mofte pts of the countrie, and the foyle is 
 good for briche and tyle. 
 
 All materialls for buyldinge fhippes (excepted tarre) is here to be 
 had in great plentie ; &, in countries nere adioyninge, the goodlieft 
 & largeft tymber in the woods of Clancunkene & Killetroughe that 
 maye be, & maye compare w"" any in his Ma'"'* domynions, w'^'' maye 
 be eafilie brought to the fea by the Lough Eagh & the river of the Ban. 
 
 The firre mafts of all forts maye be had out of Lochabar in Scot- 
 land, not farre diftant from the northe of Ireland, much more eafilie 
 then from Norweye. 
 
 Other forts of wood doth afFowrde other manner of fervices — of 
 pipe-ftafes, hoggelheade - ftafes, hoopen-ftafes, clapboarde-ftafes, 
 waynefcott, foape & dyeinge afhes, glafi^e, & iron workes for iron & 
 copper oare are there plentyfuUie founde. 
 
 The countrie is verie fitt for honnye & waxe. 
 
 Sea and River Commodities. 
 
 Firft, The barber of the Derrie is exceedingly good, & the roade at 
 Portruflie & Loughville (not farre diftant from the Derrie) tollerable. 
 
 The fea-fifhinges of that coafte are verie plentifull of all manner of 
 vfuall fea-fiflies, efpeciallie herrings & eeles, there beinge yearelie after 
 
APPENDIX. 569 
 
 Michaelmas, for taking? of herrings, above feaven or eight fcore of 
 fayle of his Ma"*'" fubjefts & ftraingers for loadinge, befides an infinitt 
 nomber of botes for fifhinge & killinge. 
 
 •Create & proffitable filhinges are in the next adjacent Ifles.of Scot- 
 land, where many Hollanders doe fitt all the fomer feafon ; and doe 
 plentifullie vent theire fifties into Spayne and the Strayghts. 
 
 Much trane or fifli oyle of feale, herringes, &c. maye be had vppon 
 that coaft. 
 
 As the fea yieldeth verie greate plentie & varietie of fea fiftie, foe 
 doth the coafte affowrd aboundaunce of all kinde of fea fowle, and 
 the rivers greater ftore of freflie fifties then any of the rivers of Eng- 
 land. 
 
 Theare be alfoe fome ftore of good pearles uppon this coafte, efpe- 
 ciallie w*''in.the river of Loughfoyle. 
 
 Theis coaftes be reddie for traffique wr"" England & Scotland, 
 and for fupplie of provifion from or to them ; and doth lye open & 
 convenyent for Spayne & the Streights, & fitteft & neareft for New- 
 foundelande. 
 
 The profitt that London fhall receive by this 
 Plantacon. 
 
 IfF multitudes of men wrereymployedproportionablie to theis como- 
 dities wh-^*- might be there by theire induftrie atteyned many thovi^fands 
 virolde be fett on worke to the greate fervice of the Kinge, ftrength 
 of his realmes, advancement of fev'all trades, & benifitte of the p-^ticuler 
 psons whome the infinitt increafing greatenes (that often doth minifter 
 occafionof ruyne toytfelfe) of this Cittie might not onlie convenientlye 
 fpare, but alfoe reape a finguler comoditie hereby, by eafinge of an in- 
 fupportable burthen w* fo furchargeth all the p'» of the Cittie, that 
 one tradefman can fcarce live by another, w* in all probabilitie wolde 
 be a meanes alfoe to free & p'ferve the Cittie from mfeccion, & by 
 confequence the whoUe kingdoms, w<='' of neceffitie muft have recourfe 
 thither, which psons peftered or clofed vpp togeather can neither other- 
 wife or verie hardlie avoyde. 
 
 Adhuc the profitt that London (hall receive by the 
 fayde Plantacon. 
 
 Theis colonies maye be a meanes to vtter infinitt comodities from 
 London to furnifshe the wholl northe of Ireland & Ifles of Scotland, 
 w-^" maye be tranfported by meanes of the nver of Ban & Loughfoyle, 
 
 4D 
 
570 APPElSlDIX. 
 
 into the Counties ot Colran, Dunnegall, Tyronne, Armagh, & 
 Antrym. 
 
 The Cittie of Dublyn beinge defolate by the flaughter of the Eafter- 
 linges, who were the auncient Inhabitants thereof, was given by King 
 Henry the Second vnto the Cittie of Briftoll to be inhabited, w'^'' 
 without any chardge to the Kinge, Briftoll did vndertake & p'formed, 
 whofe pofteritie doth there continue vnto this daye. This plantacon 
 thus p'formed to the p'petuall prayfe of Briftoll was not the leaft cawfe 
 of civilizinge & fecuringe that p'" of the countrie. 
 
 It were to be wiftied this noble precedent were followed by the 
 Cittie of London in theis times, w"" foe much the more alacritie, as 
 in abilitie & meanes they doe excell them, & foe much the rather that 
 the comodities w*^*" the Cittie of London fliall reape hereby doth farre 
 furpafle the proffitt that woulde redownde to Briftoll by th' other. 
 
 And therevppon the fayde Mr. Wardens, togeather w*"" the fayde 
 Affiftents here aflembled, advifedlie confideringe, as well of the fayde 
 p^'cepte & motives or proiefte, as of the fayde printed Booke, have 
 accordinge to the fayde p''cepte nominated Mr. Anthony Loda, Mr. 
 Will"". Pennyfather, Mr. Will-". Millett, & Mr. Robert Johnfon of this 
 Companie, beinge thoughte to be men of judgement & experience, fitt 
 to joyne w* the like nomber ofF fowre men of ev''rie of the other 
 Companies of this Cittie, amongeft themfelves to confider of & fett 
 downe in wrytinge fuch reafons, orders, demandes & other circum- 
 ftaunces as are fitt to be remembred, required, or performed in the 
 vndertaking of foe worthie & ho*"'' an accon. 
 
 And therevppon Certificate was made & given to the Right Ho'''*, 
 the Lord Maior, in anfwere of the forefayde precepte, as followeth. 
 
 The form of Mr. Warden's Cer--) ^o the Right Ho'"^ S^ Humfrey Welde, 
 
 tificate to the Right HqI'I'- the ( Knight, Lord Maior of the Cittie of 
 
 Lord Maior, in anfwere of the C London.' 
 
 forefayde precepte. ) The Certificate of vs, Robert Cocks, 
 
 Edmond Pefliall, & Tymothie Batherft, Wardens of the Companie 
 of Grocers, w^'in the fayde Cittie. 
 
 Accordinge to the tenor of yo"^ Lordfhipp's p''cepte to vs dire£l:ed, 
 bearinge date the firfte of this inftant Julie, wee, togeather w*' certen 
 of the Afliftants of ow'. fayde Companie, havinge aflembled o''felves, 
 & uppon advife & delibate confideracon had, as well of the fayde 
 p'cepte, &of the coppieofthe motives & reafons to induce y^ Cittizens 
 of this Cittie to vndertake a Plantacon in the northe p'" of Ireland, as 
 
 ' It is rather curious that the Lord Mayor, at this particular period, was him- 
 felf a Grocer. 
 
APPENDIX. 571 
 
 alfoe of a prynted Booke conteyninge a colleccon of fuch orders & con- 
 dicions as are to be obferved by the fayde undertakers vppon the diftri- 
 bucion of the efcheated lands in Ulfter, latelie received by yo'" LordP" 
 from the Lords of his Ma", moft Ho"". Privie Counfell, & to the 
 fayde p'cepte annexed, beinge read unto vs, we have nominated Mr. 
 Anthony Loda, Mr. Will"'. Pennyfather, Mr. Will-". Millett, & Mr. 
 Robert Johnfon, brothers of this Companie, beinge by us thought to be 
 menofjudgem'& experience, fytt tojoynew"" the like nomber of fowre 
 men of everie of the Companies of this Cittie, amongeft themfelves to 
 confider & fett downe in wrytinge, fuch reafons, orders, & demandes, 
 w* other circumftaunces as are fytt to be remembered, required, or 
 p'formed in the vndertakinge of foe worthie & ho"''^- an accon: Hum- 
 blie referringe the further confideracon thereof to y"^ good Lordfliipp. 
 
 John Grove. 
 
 26 July, \ Lord Mayo"^' precept as to the Plantat" of Ireland, was 
 i6og. J read this day to a Cowrt or Gen' Aflembly of the Com- 
 pany, as follows : 
 
 To M^ and Wardens of.the | ^^^ ^^.^^^ 
 
 Company of Grocers. ) 
 
 Whereas two feveral precepts have been heretofore dire£led to you 
 and other Companies, concerning a Plantation in Ireland, with an in- 
 tent and purpofe that "the Committee by you named fhould have con- 
 ferred with his Ma''"='' Counfel of the realme of Ireland concerning the 
 fame : But, by reafon of fome mifstaking, the Committees of yo'. 
 fev"'all Companies made awnfwere in writinge, before anye conferrence 
 had w*- his Ma"'"' f Counfell of Ireland, which was ill accepted by the 
 Lords of his Ma"'='' moft ho. Privy Counfell, as hath been publicklye 
 delivered at a full affemblye : Whereupon, I and my brethren th' Al- 
 dermen, with the advice of divers of the chief commoners, entreated 
 Mr. Recorder to enforme the Lordes, that the anfwere formerly made, 
 proceeding out of miftaking, and nqt entent of any undutiful entent or 
 purpofe ; and, therefore, there was nominated for conferrence w"" the 
 Counfell of Ireland, towching the matter projefted,— Sir Thomas 
 Bennett, Sir Thomas Lowe, Sir Leonard Hallydaye, Sir Henrye Rowe, 
 Sir James Pomberton, Mr. Bond, Mr. Leate, Mr. Wheler, Mr. 
 Meggs, Mr. Greene, Mr. Sade, Mr. Rob'. Middleton, Mr. Fox, Mr. 
 Speringe, Mr. Claxton, Mr. Creyford, commoners, to treate and con- 
 ferre concerninge the fayd Plantacon, and to make report to me and 
 my brethren th' Aldermen, what fhould pafle in that conferrence, that 
 fuch furtherance may be given to the accion in hand as the honor of 
 fuch an offer deferveth. Now forafmuch as the faid Commyties, after 
 
572 APPENDIX. 
 
 a full and large conference had with the Counfell of Ireland, have re- 
 ceaved fuche fatisfa6tion, as well for the honour of the accion, the good 
 that may come to this kingdom and Cittie by the fame, as the profit that 
 is likelie to redownd to the particuler adventurers as have given good 
 encouragem' to the Committees and others to become adventurers 
 therein ; and libertie is alfo given for further fatisfaftion, that all things 
 fliall be anfwerable to that which is reported, that certen men be chofen 
 and fent by us, to viewe the place, and make returne unto us ; foe that 
 yf it prove not conformable to that w"*" be reported and proffittable for 
 the vndertakers, wee may be at libertie to leave this vndertaking; anye 
 thing now done not™"'ftanding. Thefe are, therefore, in his Ma"''' 
 name, to will and require you, upon Wednefday morn^ next, to affem- 
 ble in yo" Comon Hall all the Aldermen of yo^ Company, & the fowre 
 Committees by you formerly named, and all other, the Afliftants, Li- 
 very, and men of note of yo'' yeomanrye, by efpeciall fummons then and 
 there to underftand and be enformed of the whole proceedings, &c." 
 He further orders a book to be made of all their names, and what each 
 would willingly contribute, in order that his Maj>' might be informed 
 of the readinefs of the City, and to the end that any of the Comp'' 
 then abfent with' proper excufe, might be fined for his contempt, and 
 afterwards dealt with accordingly. 
 
 Deliberation having been had, a lift follows of fubfcribers, beginning 
 with Humphrey Weld Lord May''. £s'^, and a Certificate of the re- 
 fult, diredted to his Lordfbip. The whole fum fubfcribed by the City 
 was ;£'20,ooo, of which the Grocer's Company paid, by inftalments, 
 their proportion of ;£^I748. 
 1617. The definitive allotment of the lands did not take place until the 
 
 Allotment year 1617, as is manifeft from the following particulars inferted in 
 
 lands. '■^^ Company's books.' 
 
 " A view of the proportion of the country lands allotted unto the 
 right worfliipfull the Company of Grocers of London, made the 12th 
 of February, 161 7. 
 
 ' " At a Court of Common Council convened foon afterwards, Mr. Alderman 
 Cockayne, the Governor of the Irilh Society, reprefented to the Court, and to the 
 Matters and Wardens of all the feveral Companies then aflembled, that a divifion 
 of the eftates, which was propofed to be made in Ireland, belonging to the Planta- 
 tion, had been made into twelve parts, which were particularly expreffed on twelve 
 feveral flieets of paper, the fame being numbered from one to twelve inclufive ; and 
 that, anfwerable to thofe proportions, the Committee for the Plantation had pre- 
 pared twelve pieces of paper, each piece having one of the aforefaid numbers there- 
 on, which were rolled and tied up feverally, like lots, each lot referring to fome one 
 of the fame twelve proportions of land ; which twelve lots were brought into the 
 Court, by the Governor, in a box by themfelves." 
 
 Concife Vieiu of the Irijh Society, p. 34.. 
 
APPENDIX. 573 
 
 " Upon the Moyes, alias the MuflFe, arejituate, 
 
 " One ftone houfe of one ftory, and half flated, containing from 
 out to out, or within the walls, 36 feet in length, 20 feet in breadth, 
 having a flanker or outlet of ftone of 12 feet fquare ; the walls are 
 14 feet high. The fhafts of the chimneys, the door-cafes, windows 
 and coigns, both within and without the houfe, are made of free ftone. 
 This houfe contained a kitchen, hall, buttery, and three lodging- 
 chambers, and hath four chimneys. 
 
 " One other houfe of the fame materials and contents. 
 
 " Two other houfes conjoined, of the fame materials and contents 
 feverally. 
 
 " The walls of two other houfes conjoined, of the fame materials, 
 brought up to the height of 10 feet, having timber, lath, flate and lime 
 in place for the finifliing thereof. 
 
 " One houfe of one ftory, and half the roof flated, containing within 
 the walls 32 feet in length, 18 feet in breadth, and 14 feet high, and 
 hath 4 rooms & 3 chimneys." 
 
 " Upon the Cregan. 
 
 " One ftone houfe of one ftory, and half the roof in flaring, con- 
 taining without the walls 38 feet in length, 18 feet in breadth; the 
 walls are 14 feet high, whereunto is added, on the one fide thereof, 
 2 rooms for a buttery and a milk-houfe of ftone in form of fifti-head. 
 This houfe hath otherwife 4 rooms with chimneys." 
 
 " Upon Gortney. 
 
 " One ftone houfe of one ftory and a garret flated, containing within 
 the walls 30 feet in length, 20 feet in breadth ; the walls are 10 feet 
 high. It hath 2 rooms, 2 garrets and chimneys." 
 
 " All thefe houfes ftand within view of each other." 
 
 " Upon Belud. 
 
 " One ftone houfe,. not yet covered, of 2 ftories and a garret, con- 
 taining within the walls, in length 42 feet, in breadth 21 feet, where- 
 unto is added a porch and ftair-cafe of ftone. The walls are 7 feet 
 high. A hall, kitchen, pantry and a parlour upon one floor, and, 
 under the parlour, a cellar ; over which rooms are intended to be 
 made 10 other chambers, garrets and clofets ; the roof, flate and lime 
 are ready for the covering thereof, and it has 4 chimneys." 
 
574 APPENDIX. 
 
 " Upon the Mornceys. 
 
 " One ftone houfe of one ftory and half flated, containing within 
 the wails, in length 30I feet, and in breadth 15I feet ; it hath 14 
 rooms and 2 chimneys. Thefe two buildings laft-mentioned are 
 within a quarter of a mile of each other." 
 
 " Upon Midown. 
 
 " One mill, with a houfe of ftone and timber, are building. The 
 ftone and timber in the place." 
 
 " Upon Edenreaghmore, 
 
 " One ftone houfe is to be builded before Bartholomewtide next, 
 by one Andrew Rinningham, Gent", according to the covenants in 
 that behalf made." 
 
 N.B. The tenants of all the houfes are named. 
 To the preceding lift is added a notice from the Governor and 
 Committee of Irifli Lands, requiring the fpeedy finifliing and furnifli- 
 ing of a church by this Company upon their proportion of land, for 
 the honour of God. It alfo enjoins the providing of fufficient arms 
 and powder for defence of the country. 
 1619. On the 23rd July 1619, is inferted a long letter from a Mr. Goodwyn 
 
 Mr. Good- of Londonderry, informing the Court that he had made Livery of 
 jgj. " Seifin of their manor to their proper ufe and behoof, in prefence of a 
 
 competent number of witneffes ; namely, to Mr. Freeman, tenant of 
 the Goldfmiths, for their proportion, which next adjoined this Com- 
 pany's land, and 'Jamei Faughan, Gentleman, a tenant of the Fifh- 
 mongers' proportion. As touching their Barony and Caftle, he adds, 
 " fuch are the difficulties accompanying this plantation, that take we 
 never fo fure and orderly courfe in our beft judgments for the execu- 
 tion of our affairs, yet many times the fuccefs does not anfwer our 
 care and travel ; for fo it is, that a proclamation being publifhed the 
 laft year, commanding the Irifli to depart upon certain pain before 
 the firft of this month, and afterwards to be at His Majefty's pleafure, 
 that the moft of them are fleed from off the land, to our great lofs in 
 rent and hindrance in buildings, wherein they ferved us as labourers, 
 and to bring materials in place ; our workmen, alfo, are but few, of 
 little fkill, and lefs honefty ; to whom, if we make any payment before- 
 hand, they leave our work behind, and many times are, by unneigh- 
 bourly pra6tices, enticed from us." He ftates, in continuation, that 
 their timber-work is framed at Coleraine, and from thence brought 
 
APPENDIX. S7S 
 
 through fome part of the fea into the river of Lough-foyle to their 
 proportion ; in which pafiage part of the Goldfmiths' frames, as well 
 as theirs, had mifcarried : yet they had, notwithftanding, finiflied the 
 Barony and brought up the Caftle to the fecond floor, and were in 
 hopes to finifli the whole before St. James's tide. 
 
 Concerning the church, he ftates that he had viewed and meafured 
 the ruins of the one they propofed to have repaired, which Itood 
 within half a mile of their town, and found it to be thirty-fix feet in 
 length, and eighteen feet in width ; and, on conferring with the in- 
 habitants around, they feemed to be averfe to its being reftored as a 
 church, as it was not large enough for the parifliioners, and was too 
 far from the town, fubjefting, on that account, all who would repair 
 to it to furprifal. They further objeded that the fite had only been 
 " a burial-place for children dying without baptifm, and for fuch as had 
 mifdone themfelves." That the parifh church of Faughan Vale, 
 wherein the town lies, with moft part of the Company's proportion, 
 extended feven miles, or from the river of Faughan unto the common 
 wood, along by the river of Lough-foyle, in the midway whereof their 
 town was fituate, on the highway leading from the city of London- 
 derry to Coleraine, which rendered their town a more indifferent fitu- 
 ation for the parifh church of Faughan Vale than the ruins mentioned ; 
 and the parifhioners offering, therefore, themfelves rather to contribute 
 towards building a church in the town for its ornament, good, and 
 conveniency, than have one in the place propofed. He concludes by 
 advifing the building of a new church in the town, fixty feet in length 
 and twenty feet in breadth, the charge whereof to the Company would 
 only be one year's rent. He adds that the Fifhmongers, their next 
 neighbours, had built a church in their town : in addition to which 
 the inhabitants had alfo repaired part of the monaflery and left their 
 parifh church. The Drapers likewife had built a chapel of eafe to 
 their caftle. 
 
 This letter having been read, and its contents difcuffed, the Com- 
 pany voted the fum of £150 towards building a new church, as re- 
 commended by Mr. Goodwyn. 
 
 In the year 1622 the Governor and Committee of the plantation in 1622. 
 Ireland, fent a number of queries to the Wardens of the Grocers' Queries 
 Company ; I infert the replies becaufe they clearly fhow the particu- j™^ So! 
 lars of the Company's poffefTions at that period. ciety. 
 
 I. " We have, upon our proportion of land in Ireland, builded a faire, 
 ftout,and fubftantial Caftle, with a faire tower upon it of 12 feet high 
 above the ground, well coped, and ftrongly builded like the wall of a 
 town of war, with loop-holes and fpaces on the top of the wall for 
 ordnance or other pieces of defence. Alfo there are 34 fubftantial and 
 
576 APPENDIX. 
 
 tenantable houfes, fully built and finifhed, upon our faid portion, inha- 
 bited by Britifh tenants. 
 
 2. "Our freeholders' names are Devereux Chichley Gent., yohn 
 Chichley Gent., yohn Wray Gent. , Robert Goodwyn Gent., John Lewis 
 Gent., & Ellas Smyth, Gent., all or moft of them, as we are informed, 
 refiding upon our faid portion. The names of Britifh tenants are 
 Rich''- Grljkln, Th(f- Davis, W""- Taylor, Andrew Gingham, Walter 
 Allplne, Jeremy Rofe, John JVyer Sen'', John Wyer J'; Fran'' Burrell, 
 John Todd, John Taylor, John Jelefon, John Clerk, Edward Wldflone, 
 John Appellls, John Wright, Edward ap Edward, Robert Haverley, 
 Rich'' Cooke, Mr. Lewis, Mr. Woodroffe, Mr. Roney, John Todd, 
 John Fowler, befides others, of which we have not yet received in- 
 formations of their names. 
 
 3. " We have in readinefs, upon our faid portion, 24 corfletts, 
 31 mufkets and calivers, all completely furnifhed for defence of the 
 country. 
 
 4. " We have eredted and builded upon our portion A Faire 
 Church. The Dean of Derry claimeth to be redtor thereof, as we 
 are informed ; and that tenant hath difburfed much money upon en 
 clofing, ditching, and quick-fetting our good proportion. 
 
 5. " We have let our proportion unto Thomas Harrington Gent", 
 for the term of 54 years, yet to come, for the yearly rent of ;^ii6 : 
 13:4, who hath covenanted with our Company not to let or fet any 
 of our faid proportion to any tenant, but unto fuch as were born within 
 the realms of England or Scotland and fliall take the oath of Allegiance 
 to his Majefty afore their plantation there; and concerning the natives 
 refiding upon our faid portion, we will endeavour for their expulfion 
 and fupplantation by degrees as foon as may be. We have expended 
 and difburfed in buildings, upon our faid portion of land ;£^2000, or 
 near thereabouts, over and befides £^5000 paid by our Company to 
 the Chamber of London for our faid plantation. 
 
 6. " We have received for rents fince the firft allotment for our 
 faid plantation, £^^0. 
 
 7. " We have alfo received of Cap". Marcus Ochan, who is eflated 
 a freeholder of 2000 acres of land by the Governor and Committees 
 of the faid plantation, and holdeth of our manor there, the yearly rent 
 of ;£^2i : 6: 8, the which we yearly pay to the faid Governor and 
 Committees, according to our covenants in our afTurance from the 
 faid Governor and Committee." 
 
APPENDIX, S77 
 
 d particular offuch Churches, Cajiles, Mills, Barnes, Houfes of Englijh 
 building, Britijh families, number of Britijh men and arms, that are 
 upon the portion of lands belonging to the Right Worjhipfull Company 
 of Grocers of London, January the 28th, Anno Domini 1622. 
 
 " One fair Church new built of ftone and covered with flate, 
 with pulpit, reading feat, and communion table, and many feats built 
 therein by the parilhioners. 
 
 " One fufficient grift mill. 
 
 "One faire and strong Castle, with a large and ftrong bar 
 about it, with 4 flankers at each corner, every flanker being two 
 ftories and a half high, with a roof thereon and flated at the top. 
 
 " Sixteen fair and flrong ftone houfes, the moft of theni having 
 the door cafes, windows, and chimneys, all of free ftone, and all of 
 them flated. 
 
 " One other houfe ; the walls and gable ends of ftone, and thatch 
 on the roof. 
 
 "Five timber-houfes well built after the Englifli form, befides 
 divers of the houfes built with copiers, and inhabited by the Englifli. 
 
 " Forty-four houfe keepers with their wives and families of Britifb 
 men, in all, between the ages of 60 and 16, eighty and two perfons. 
 
 " Twenty-five corflets compleat, nineteen long pikes, fiye halberds, 
 four brown bills, 33 full mufkets, eight long pieces, 18 calivers with 
 belts, head pieces, flafks, and touch boxesj 100 fwords, two horfemen's 
 pieces, and 160 pounds of powder with a competency pf bullets and 
 100 weight of lead, ready upon any occafion." 
 
 In the year 1625, his Majefty Charles I. afcended the throne, lard 16*5- 
 Wentworth was appointed Lord Lieutenant of Ireland, and Dr. Bram- 
 hall, who was afterwards elevated to the fee of Derry, accompanied 
 him as chaplain. 
 
 In the beginning of his Majefty's reign. Sir Thomas Phillips^ who 
 appears to have entertained hoftile feelings againft the Citizens of Lon- 
 don, as undertakers of the plantation, tranfmitted to the King a violent 
 accufation againft them, charging them with a breach of the original 
 articles and conditions, and urging his Majefty to revoke the charter 
 and feize into his own hands the territories in Ulfter: in addition to this 
 circumftance, various informations were fent from Ireland, at the infti- 
 gation of Dr. Bramhall, againft the citizens, accufing them of crimes 
 and mifdemeanors, in confequence of which a writ of fequeftration 
 was iftiied, and the countyof Londonderry feized into the King's hands. 
 
 Charles I. 
 
 ' Sir Thomas Phillips was Governor of Coleraine in 161 1. He made a furvey 
 of the plantation in i6zs, which is preferved in Lambeth Palace. 
 
 4E 
 
578 APPENDIX. 
 
 1631. In i63i,thematterwasfubniitted to the High Court of Star Cham- 
 
 f'th "st ^^^^ ^^'^ appointed Commiflioners to examine into the particulars, and 
 Chamber, the refult was a fentence againft the Londoners. In 1632 the whole 
 County of Londonderry was formally fequeftered and the rents levied 
 for the King's ufe, Bijhop Bramhall being appointed chief receiver ; 
 and in 1634, the Court of Star Chamber decided that the letters patent 
 of James I. fliould be brought into court to be cancelled. Com- 
 mifSoners were appointed for managing the eftates and for entering 
 into contrafts for leafes with the tenants on the plantation, and, accord- 
 ingly, the faid Commiflioners made grants and demifes of the manors, 
 lands, and pofleflions belonging, as well to the twelve chief Com- 
 panies as to the Irifli Society.^ 
 
 By the books at the Heralds' College it appears that on the return 
 from Scotland of Charles I. in 1641, he was invited to dinner by the 
 Corporation of London, on which occafion he publicly declared that he 
 was much troubled at the judgement that had been given for taking 
 away his father's grant of the Irifti eftates, and he promifed the City 
 they fhould be reftored. He accordingly ordered that the Irifli Society 
 and Companies fliould recover their pofleflions ; but the rebellion 
 afterwards breaking out, his Majefty's intentions were not fulfilled. 
 1642. During the rebellion in Ireland in 1642, the City of London fent 
 
 t L ^ d "- ^'^^^ ^'P* *'* Londonderry, with all kinds of provifion, clothing, and 
 derry in accoutrements ; the Grocers' Company having, in the month of March, 
 provifion received a letter from the Lord Mayor " defiring this Company's care 
 and provifion for the furnifliing of Londonderry in Ireland with fome 
 pieces of artillery, being in great danger by reafon of the rebellion ;" 
 it was refolved, that the Wardens fliould inquire what the other Com- 
 panies propofed doing, " and that they fliould have the power to do 
 the like." The twelve chief companies contributed each, two pieces 
 of ordnance. 
 Revoca- In Auguft the fame year, the Mayor and Citizens of London, on be- 
 
 tion of the half of themfelves and of the Companies, prefented their petition to par- 
 the Star liament, and, upon mature confideration had and takenof the judgement 
 Chamber and fentence againft the City, it was voted in parliament that the fen- 
 nfent" '^' ^ence in the Star Chamber was unlawful and unjuft, that the Citizens 
 of London, and all thofe againft whom the judgement was fo given, in 
 th.t fcire facias.y fliould be difcharged of that judgement ; and that both 
 
 ' The various grants and agreements were jengroffed on vellum and regularly 
 figned. They were preferved among the records of the Irifli Society till the fire 
 which happened in the Irifli Chamber in 1784, vfhen thefe important documents 
 were damaged ; the fragments, however, which remain are valuable and interefting 
 as they eftablifh the titles of the twelve chief companies to their manorial town 
 lands which are defcribed by name. 
 
APPENDIX. 579 
 
 the Citizens of London, and thofe of the new plantation, and all 
 under-tenants and all thofe put out of pofleffion, fhould be reftored 
 to the fame eftate which they were in before the faid fentence in the 
 Star Chamber. 
 
 In 1655, during the proteftorate of 0/zwr Cromwell, 2. Mr. Saunders, 1655. 
 who was the reprefentative of the Grocers' Company in the Irifli °''^" ., 
 Committee, communicated to the Court of Affiftants the recom- '"'""^^ ' 
 mendation of the faid Committee, " that agents fliould be fent over 
 to make formal claim to the lands at Londonderry, in Ireland, in 
 behalf of the Companies, which was well approved of by the Court, 
 and it was ordered and appointed that the writings concerning the 
 Company's proportion, be perufed and notice taken how the fame 
 was leafed out, and the time yet to come therein, and when the laft 
 rent was paid, and whether any rent be due to the Company, and 
 inquiry made how long the tenant enjoyed the fame or received the 
 rent thereof after the fentence in the Star Chamber ? That if the 
 Company's tenants ftiall claim his intereft therein, upon the recovery 
 of the fame, the dues to the Company may be called in queftion." 
 
 In the month of May in the fame year, it was fignified to the Court 
 that " whereas it has pleafed his Highnefs the Lord Proteftor and his 
 Council to reftore the Companies unto their former eftates in London- 
 derry, and their lands and other their rights there, and that new letters 
 patent are to be iflued forth for the confideration of the fame, and 
 Commiffioners fent over for fettling thefe affairs," it was requefted 
 that the Company would contribute ^50 towards defraying the 
 charges to be incurred in carrying the refolution of the Council into 
 effed ; which was immediately done. Letters patent were accord- 
 ingly granted, in which the Prote6tor reftored the Irifti Society as 
 originally ordained, and conferred on them the fame rights as they 
 enjoyed under the charter of James I. In Auguft 1658, the Society, 
 in virtue of the above letters patent, made new conveyances to the 
 twelve chief Companies of their refpe(aive proportions of land in 
 Ulfter. 
 
 No rent having been paid for the eftate to the Company for many 
 years, and " one Mr. Harrington, who pretends to an intereft in the 
 leafe thereof from this Company, having gone over to colleft rents 
 and arrears," the Court appointed as their agent Lieutenant-Colonel 
 Trijiram Beresford, who being furniflied with a power of attorney, 
 was fent to Ireland to look after their interefts. The following 
 letter received from him in November 1658, will afford fome idea 
 of the ftate of the Company's affairs in Ireland at that period. 
 
580 APPENDIX. 
 
 " To the Worjhipfull the Majler and Wardens of the Grocers' Company: 
 
 " Right Worfhipfull, 
 
 " According to the power and authoritie by you given unto me, I 
 came upon the lands in the County of Londonderry, and there called 
 the tenants together and read to them the letter of attorney unto me 
 given. I found in them a general oppofition againft me, and not 
 only by the tenants but by the agent left by Mr. Harrington, who had 
 particular orders not to pay me one penny, foe that I was forced to 
 go roundly to worke with them, and begin with Mr. Harrington's 
 agent, one Mr. Paul Bra/her, taking his diftreffe, making him and 
 the reft a little tamer ; to bee fhort I got up £100 from them and 
 this account from the agent which is as followeth : — 
 
 £ .. d. 
 
 " The whole rent of your proportion, from the i6th 
 October 1654 till May 1658, is, befides the arrears 
 of the freeholders 45 1 o o 
 
 " Paid in contribution to the faid time and the col- 
 
 le£i:or's fees 200 16 o 
 
 " Paid by Mr. Harrington 37 14 O 
 
 " Expended in profecuting the claims of the freeholders 15 o o 
 " Sent you herewith a bill of exchange, payable by the 
 
 Treafury of the Army, at twenty days' fight .... 97 10 O 
 
 IaS^ o o 
 
 " This fliould have been j^ioo, but the carrying of it up to Dublin 
 and the exchange of it thence took up the £7. : 10. Thus I have 
 given you a relation how I found things, and what I have done. 
 
 " Now I will give you my advice, but take your own refolutions in 
 doing what feems beft in your judgments. Your tenants are in a very 
 unfettled condition. Leafes they have none ; then you may imagine 
 what kind of houfes they live in. There is very much land in Ireland 
 wafte, and if thefe few tenants of yours go ofF your land, as it is ha- 
 zardous they will if a fpeedy courfe be not taken to fettle them, your 
 land will not be planted again in hafte. My advice is that you either 
 fettle Mr. Harrington again in your land, or elfe ejeft him by a legal 
 courfe of law, or elfe purchafe him out, the laft of which I conceive 
 may be the beft way ; for what with his arrears which he is owing 
 before the rebellion, and his arrears fince, I conceive fome fmall fum 
 may doe it, which, if you compafle, I will (making me a leafe of the 
 faid proportion for fixty-one years) pay you Mr. Harrington's rent. 
 
APPENDIX. 581 
 
 which is £138 a-year, over and above all fees and contribution, and 
 haply give you fomething towards the buying out oiMr. Harrington. 
 " Of this and other your refolutions I pray, with as much fpeed as 
 conveniently you may, let me receive your refolution and commands, 
 and by the next poft pray let me receive an acquittance or receipt for 
 this £100, now fent unto you by bill and in expenfe ; fo takes leave 
 
 " Your very humble fervant, 
 " Dublin, this 26 October, " Tristram Beresford. 
 
 " 1658." 
 
 About the time this letter was received, Mr. Harrington applied to 
 the Company for a leafe of the eftate ; but the confideration of his 
 propofal was poftponed, and Mr. Beresford continued to a6t as the 
 Company's agent. 
 
 At the reftoration of King Charles the Second, the City of London, i66z. 
 to make fure of the poffeflion of the eftates, petitioned the Crown for £0'^* 
 a reverfal of the judgment given againft their firft letters patent ; but, cond. 
 as it was thought that the proceedings neceflary to be adopted in this 
 refpeft would be tedious, the King propofed to grant a new charter, 
 which fhould embrace all the pofleflions and rights the City and the 
 Companies originally poffefled : and accordingly, on the loth of April 
 1662, letters patent were made out, which contained, with very little 
 alteration, all the claufes of the firft charter of James the Firji, and 
 thus the title of the Grocers' Company to their eftate was fully con- 
 firmed and eftablifhed. 
 
 In June 1664 the Wardens received the following note from the jgg. 
 
 Governor of the Irifli Society : — Letter 
 
 from the 
 Irifh So- 
 " To the Majler and Wardens of the Company of Grocers ; by the ciety. 
 
 Society for the Irifli Plantation. 
 
 " Whereas the Right Honourable the Lord Chancellor of England 
 was heretofore pleafed to declare that it was expedted by His Majefty 
 that efpecial care fliould be taken by thofe to whom we granted any 
 eftate in the lands and other things, in Ulfter in the kingdom of Ire- 
 land, then lately granted and confirmed to by his Majefty's letters 
 patent under the great feal of England, and that the Englifti be therein 
 preferred ; and that fuch minifters as we fliould prefent to any living 
 or fpiritual promotions fliould be able and orthodox divines,and certified 
 fo to be by the Lord Bifliop of Londonderry for the time being : Now, 
 forafmuch as we have lately conveyed to your Company a confiderable 
 quantity of the lands and premifes fo granted, we thought it requifite to 
 acquaint you therewith, to the end that, as well in your prefentments 
 as alfo in granting any eftate in the lands and premifes fo conveyed 
 
S82 
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 unto you, you may have refpe6l thereunto and obferve the fame, as you 
 will anfwer the contrary. Dated at Guildhall, the 7th of June, 1664. 
 " By order of the faid Society, 
 
 " John Sprackling, Sec." 
 
 1675. 
 The eftate 
 demifed to 
 Mr.Finch. 
 
 1689. 
 Siege of 
 London- 
 derry. 
 
 In 1675 the Company being greatly embarrafled in its circumftances, 
 on account of the forced loans, which had never been repaid, and of 
 the lofles incurred by the great fire of London,^ came to the deter- 
 mination of raifing a fum of money to relieve their immediate wants, 
 by granting a long leafe of their Irifh eftate for a fine in hand, and at 
 a trifling rent. Advertifements for tenders were circulated, and the 
 refult was that they demifed the lands to Mr. George Finch, for a 
 period of thirty-one years from Allhallowtide 1676, at a rent of ^10, 
 and a fine of ^{[3600. 
 
 In 1689 the Company's pofleflions in Ireland were placed in jeo- 
 pardy by the fiege of Londonderry, which lafted 105 days, and which, 
 after the rebels had been beaten off with enormous lofs, left the city 
 almoft in ruins, and the inhabitants in a ftate of extreme diftrefs.*^ 
 At this juncture, Mr. George Walker^ who with fuch courage and 
 conftancy had conduced the defence, applied in perfon to the Irifh 
 Society for a contribution to relieve his fuffering fellow citizens. 
 This naturally induced the Society to addrefs the twelve Companies 
 of London, as the moft interefted in the profperity of Ireland ; and 
 the refult of the application was, a gift of j^ioo from each of them. 
 This had the defired effe£l: of inducing thofe who had abandoned the 
 city to return and build their houfes again. 
 
 The tenant, Mr. Finch, dying about this period, his widow ad- 
 dreffed the Company by letter, in Oftober 1693, ftating that in con- 
 fequence of the eftate having been devaftated, and the houfes upon 
 it burned during the defence of Londonderry, fhe would be totally 
 ruined, unlefs the Company granted her an extenfion of time on her 
 
 ' See pages 21 and 125. 
 
 ■' "Of feven thoufand five hundred men regimented in Derry, four thoufand 
 three hundred only remained to be witneffes of this deliverance; and of thefe more 
 than one thoufand were incapable of fervice. The wretched fpeftres had fcarcely 
 tailed food, when they had the hardinefs to march in queft of the enemy ; and 
 fome few men were loft by adventuring too boldly on their rear guard. They re- 
 tired in vexation to Strabane, having loft eight thoufand men by the fword, and 
 by various diforders in a fiege of one hundred and five days." — Leland's Hijiory of 
 Ireland. 
 
 ' " Mr. Walker, fo juftly famous for his defence of Derry, (when Lundy, the 
 Governor, would have furrendered it to King yames,) was a Clergyman, and Rec- 
 tor of Donoughmore, near Derry. He received the thanks of Parliament, and a 
 gift of £5,000 for his valour, and was created D.D. by the Univerfity of Oxford 
 in 1690." — Derriana. 
 
APPENDIX. 583 
 
 leafe ; which being confidered, the Court refolved to add feven years 
 to her term. 
 
 A Mr. Connolly, having purchafed from the Finches their intereft 
 in the leafe, made an arrangement with the Company, by which their 
 Irifli eftate was let to him for 61 years, and three lives, from the loth 
 of Oftober 1760. Mr. David Babington, law-agent to the Irifh 
 Society, afterwards bought the leafe of the Connolly family ; and, at 
 the expiration of the third life, which was that of his late Majefty 
 George III. teftified great anxiety that a new term fhould be granted 
 to him, which the Company declined granting. The fyftem of under- 
 letting in Ireland having given rife to general and well-founded com- 
 plaints, the Court of Affiftants refolved to do all in their power to 
 ameliorate the condition of the occupiers of the foil, by enabling 
 them, without reference to the more or lefs quantity of land they 
 rented, to hold immediately from the Company. When the eftate 
 was furrendered up they proceeded to carry their proje6t into effe£k : 
 lands have lince been enclofed; the town ofMuff rebuilt, with every 
 attention to the wants and comforts of the tenants ; fchools have 
 been eftablifhed, and all the public eftablifhments in the vicinity, 
 whether for the improvement of the mind, or the relief of the body 
 in ficknefs, have been munificently aided. 
 
 The refult of thefe meafures has, fo far, been moft gratifying ; and 
 when the Company's plans are carried into full efFe6l, there is no 
 doubt that the condition of the peafantry in thefe diftri£ts, will hold 
 out an inducement to the pofleflbrs of lands in other parts of Ireland 
 to follow fo noble an example.' 
 
 No. XVIII. 
 
 SONG 
 Written expreffly for the sooth Anniverfary of the 
 Worfhipful Company of Grocers. 
 By C. W. Hallett, Efq. Sung by Mr. Machmi. 
 
 Tune — Vkar of Bray. 
 When feftive affemblies fo often record 
 Events that are trivial and fleeting. 
 How favoured the Brethren who circle our board 
 At this hallowed and glorious meeting ! 
 
 ' I ought not to difmifs the fubjeft of the Company's Irifli eftate without ftating, 
 ^■>.tErafinus Smith, a Grocer, and the friend and contemporary of Sir John Cutler, 
 in 1669, obtained permiffion by charter, to ereft and endow, at his own expenfe, 
 three public fchools, in Drogheda, Galway, and Tipperary. This is known by 
 the defignation of Erafmus Smith's Charity. The Company gave the Governors 
 of it, in 1 8 10, a piece of ground, not exceeding two acres, near the church, at MuiF, 
 for a fchool. 
 
584 APPENDIX. 
 
 What true-hearted Grocer, this feafon of joy, 
 
 For coftlieft treafures would barter ? 
 When time rolling onward has ftamped as he paffed, 
 
 Fi've centuries' Age on our Charter ! 
 
 Chorus. 
 
 Then fend round the bowl 
 
 Which enlivens the foul ! 
 We've a fubjefl; that makes the heart glow, Sirs ; — 
 
 Fill high to the toaft 
 
 That we all honour moft, — 
 The Church ! — the Queen I — and the Grocers I 
 
 What a hoft of bright names to remembrance endear'd. 
 
 In our annals are proudly recorded ! 
 By the voice of the Citizens, juftly revered — 
 
 By their gratitude juftly rewarded ! 
 Here Judges, and Statefmen, and Peers are arrayed. 
 
 With Heroes renowned in all ages ! 
 And hands which the Sceptre of Britain have fwayed. 
 
 Have been pledged to the oath in our pages ! 
 
 Then fend, &c. 
 
 When hideous rebellion, o'erfpreading the land, 
 
 Affailed both the Throne and the Altar, 
 Not once did this gallant and brotherly band 
 
 In their courage and loyalty falter : 
 Still true to their Country, their Church, and their King, 
 
 They triumph'd o'er every difafter. 
 And were foremoft; to welcome a Monarch reftored,' 
 
 And hail him their Sovereign Matter ! 
 
 Then fend, &c. 
 
 In more recent times, when Republican France, 
 
 Her Jacobin frenzy was fpreading, 
 And a tempeft was raifed, whofe portentous advance. 
 
 Each true Englifti bofom was dreading. 
 At laft, o'er our heads as it threaten'd to form, 
 
 And burft with a terrible blow. Sir, 
 Billy Pitt was " the pilot who weather'd the Storm," 
 
 And with pride, we all hail him a " Grocer ! " 
 
 Then fend, &c. 
 
 In the face of the country our rulers declared 
 
 But lately, no threats ftiould reftrain them ; 
 If our rights are invaded, we find they're prepared, 
 
 Againft every foe to maintain them. 
 To a man will the Grocers refpond to this call, 
 
 With hearts ever firm and undaunted ; 
 They've a fpice of the " Spicerer" left in 'em yet. 
 
 And are " Pepperers " ftill, if they're wanted. 
 
 Then fend, &c. 
 
 ' Charles II. 
 
INDEX. 
 
 CCOMPTE" of Stephen Brown^ Alderman, Extradl from 
 the, 420-421. 
 Account, Wardens', in the reign of Henry IV. anno 1 401, 
 409-410. 
 
 — for one year, in the reign of Henry VI. 414 — 
 
 420. 
 
 refpefting matters of Triumph, 425 — 434. 
 
 Act, the five-mile, 281. 
 
 Affairs, pecuniary, of the Grocers' Company in 1700, 158-159. 
 
 Albert Edward, Prince of Wales, fee Wales. 
 
 Aldermary, Church of St., donation of .£1000 to, by Sir Henry Keble, 
 
 237-238. 
 Aldermen belonging to the Grocers' Company in 1383, 58. Application to 
 
 the Court of, for payment of the City's debt, and their anfwer, 133. 
 Alfred Ernest Albert, His Royal Highnefs, Prince, Duke of Edinburgh, 
 
 notice of, 385. 
 Allegiance and Supremacy, oath of, to Charles II. 118; Declaration of, in 
 
 1792, 173. 
 Alleyn, Sir Thomas, Lord Mayor of London and member of the Grocers' 
 
 Company, knighted by Charles II. 1 17-1 18 ; Notice of, 274—276 ; He 
 
 goes out to meet the king at the reftoration, 274; Charles II. enrolled as 
 
 fovereign mafter of the Grocers' Company, 275-276. 
 Allhallows, Honey-lane, Prefentation of the Reftory of, 160^ — 162. 
 Analytical Review, the, 172. 
 Anglesea, Earl of, and the five-mile aft, 281. 
 Anjou, Duke of, his projefted marriage with Queen Elizabeth ; Stubbs' book 
 
 on the fubjeft, and order for its fuppreffion, 81-82. 
 Antholins, St., a meifuage in, bequeathed to the company by Sir Thomas 
 
 Knolles, 205. 
 AppARELi reftriftions concerning, in the reign of Queen Elizabeth and James I. 
 
 90—93. 
 Appendix, 391 — 583. (For Particulars, fee Contents, pp. xv. and xvi.) 
 Apprentices, rules concerning, in the Ordinances of the Grocers' Company, 
 
 47 — 54; rules concerning their drefs, 91-92. 
 Argus the, feditious newfpaper, 172. 
 Armoury of Grocers' Hall, 9 — 12; firft notice of, in 1558; John Edwyn, 
 
 the armourer, and grant of wages to him from the Company, 9 ; fupply of 
 
 foldiers by the Company in 1557, 1562 and J 569; fupply of gunpowder 
 
 ordered to be kept in 1574, n; fupply of men to Queen Elizabeth's 
 
 navy; the gunpowder removed in 1650, 12. 
 
 4F 
 
586 
 
 INDEX. 
 
 Arms of Queen Elizabeth at Grocers' Hall, 18-19. 
 
 Arrangement for debt with the Governors of Chrift's Hofpita), 138-139. 
 
 ASHBY DE LA ZoUCHE, 1 86. 
 
 Assassination of Mr. Percival, 343. 
 
 Association, London, for aiding the Civil Power, hold their meetings at Gro- 
 cers' Hall ; vote of thanks to the Company, 173-174. 
 
 AuBERY, Andrew, notice of, 191 — 193 ; thrice Mayor of London under Ed- 
 ward IIL, his meafures for preferving peace in the city, his popularity 
 with the king, 191-192; extrafts relating to his mayoralty from the 
 " Chronicle of London," 193. 
 
 Aylesborough, Thomas, Lord Coventry, of; notice of, 265 — 267 : his birth 
 and entry at Balliol College, Oxford ; his elevation to the peerage, 265 ; 
 his charafter as recorded by Lord Clarendon, his patent of nobility, 266 ; 
 Fuller's teftimony concerning his fuccefs, his death, 267. 
 
 Bank of England, its eftablifliment, 31 — 33 ; the direftors occupy Grocers' 
 Hall from 169410 1794, 157 ; its credit preferred by Sir G. Barnard, 315. 
 
 Barnard, Sir John, Notice of, 313 — 315 ; his education at Wandfworth, 
 joins the Church of England, 313; his commercial ability, elefted M.P. 
 for the city, knighted, and becomes Lord Mayor, 314 ; his fervices to the 
 Bank of England, his ftatue placed in the Royal Exchange, 315. 
 
 Barrington, Lord Vifcount, 322. 
 
 Beadle of the Grocers' Company, 53-54. 
 
 Bequests by Sir Henry Keble to the Grocers' Company, 235. 
 
 Berkeley, George, Earl of, notice of, 285 — 287 ; his anceftry, his elevation 
 to the peerage, appointed Custos Rotulorum for Gloucefterfliire, 285 ; 
 figns the declaration in favour of the Prince of Orange, 286; his letter to 
 Sir John Moore, his death, 286-287. 
 
 Bevis Marks, Manlion of the abbot of Bury, 40-41. 
 
 Biographical notices of eminent members of the Grocers' Company, fee No- 
 tices. 
 
 Bokerel, Andrew, Mayor of London, 39 ; notice of, 179—182 ; his family, 
 179-180; Bokerel mentioned by Stow, 180-181 ; his mayoralty from 
 1231 to 1237 and its principal events; great fire in 1232, the citizens 
 fummoned to take the Chief Juftice Herbert from Sandluary, origin of the 
 quit rent of hobnails and horfe-ftioes, marriage of Henry IIL with Eleanor 
 of Provence, foreign merchants purchafe the liberty of landing goods in 
 London, 1 81-182. 
 
 Bolles, Sir George, Kt., notice of, 259 — 262; his defcent and family poflef- 
 fions, 259-260; his impartiality towards James I., 261 ; his death and 
 burial in St. Swithin's, 261 ; his epitaph, 262. 
 
 Bonner, Bifhop of London, 246-247. 
 
 BosviLLE, Lady Margaret, endows the Grammar School of Sevenoaks, 213. 
 
 Box, Ralph, elefted SheriiF of London, 289 — 291. 
 
 Braley, E., his defence of Sir John Cutler, 306-307. 
 
 Brember, Sir Nicholas, Notice of, 194 — 200; knighted by Richard II., par- 
 tial and conflifting accounts concerning his charadler, 1 94- 1 95; Riot in 
 confequence of Lord Piercey's committing a citizen to the Marihalfea, 
 attack on the Savoy, the Mayor and Aldermen difmifled and Brember 
 appointed, 196; confpiracy to murder the Duke of Gloucefter, brother of 
 Richard II., Brember impeached, unjuftly tried, condemned and executed 
 at Tyburn, 198-199; extraft from the "Chronicle of London," 199- 
 200, 
 
INDEX. 587 
 
 Browne, Sir Stephen, notice of, fends fhips to Pruffia for rye during a famine, 
 Ji'uller s account of this aaion. 223-224. 
 
 Bruin, Walter Le, receives a grant of Jand, origin of the cuftom of counting 
 hobnails and horfe-lhoes by the Sheriff, 181. 
 
 Brunswick-Lunenburg, Charles Wiiliam Ferdinand, hereditary Prince of, 
 notice of, 326 — 328 ; his anceftry, 326; his fervices in war, wounded at 
 the battle of Friedburg, recovers through Jkilful treatment, 327; his vifit 
 to England and reception in London, prefented with the Freedom of the 
 city, enrolled as a member of the Grocers' Company, 327-328. 
 
 Buckinghamshire, John Sheffield, Duke of, fee Sheffield. 
 
 Bury, Abbot of, his man/ion, now called Bevis Marks, 40-41 . 
 
 Bye-laws, new, of the Grocers' Company in 1686, 148-149; of William 
 and Mary, 156. 
 
 Cambridge, H.R.H. George William Frederick Charles, Duke of, notice of, 
 
 373- 
 Camden, Charles Pratt, firft Earl, fee Pratt. 
 
 Campion, Edmund, the Jefuit, his life and martyrdom, 76 — 79. 
 
 Cancelling of the Surrender of the Grocers' Company in 1688, 153. 
 
 Canning, the Right Hon. George, his intimacy with Mr. Jenkinfon, 342 ; 
 his duel with Lord Caftlereagh, 343 ; notice of, 347 — 357; his extrac- 
 tion, 347-348; his pedigree, 348-349; the parents of G. Canning, his 
 birth, his mother devotes herfelf to the theatrical profeffion, 350; his filial 
 aiFeflion, his education, 351 ; his political career commenced under Wil- 
 liam Pitt, 351-352; becomes a Cabinet Minifter, his duel with Lord 
 Caftlereagh, chofen M.P. for Liverpool, proceeds to Lifbon as ambaflador, 
 353-354; becomes Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs, 355; Prime 
 Minifter, 356; his illnefs and death, 356-357; his charafter, 357. 
 
 Canning, Earl, notice of, 382-383. 
 
 Cannyng, Sir Thomas, notice of, 224 — 229 ; his anceftors, 224-225 ; pedi- 
 gree of his family, 226 ; Sir T. Cannyng as Lord Mayor of London, puts 
 down a formidable riot, 226 — 229. 
 
 Canrobert, Frangois Certain de, MarQial of France, notice of, 370-371. 
 
 Ceiling of Grocers' Hall, reftored at the expenfe of Sir S. Soame, 255. 
 
 Centenary, fifth, of the Grocers' Company, fong compofed for, 36. 
 
 Certificate, funeral, of a member of the Grocers' Company, 94-95. 
 
 Chapel of St. Edmund, fold to his " Brethren of the Sack," 2 ; granted to 
 Lord Fitzwalter, and fold to the Grocers' Company, 3. 
 
 Charles, Earl of Dorfet, fee Dorfet. 
 
 Charles William Ferdinand, hereditary Prince of Brunfwick-Lunenburg, fee 
 Lunenburg. 
 
 Charles I. loan to, by the Grocers' Company in 1626, 102—104; his inter- 
 ference in the Company's affairs, and his letters to the Company, 104 — 
 108; hisexaftion of Ihip-money, 108-109; forced loans, log— iii, 
 
 Charles IL, his reftoration, and feaftings on the occafion, 26, 11 7- 118; his 
 writ oiquo warranto, 139 — 146; receives the Company's petition, 143 — 
 145; obtains a judgment againft them, 145-146; his death, 147; his 
 charter granted to the Grocers' Company, 148 ; notice of, 268. 
 
 Charter of Incorporation of the Grocers' Company, 40 : coft of obtaining, 
 &c , 60 ; new Charter obtained from James L, 86, 258 ; from Cromwell, 
 1 17 ; from Charles IL, 148 ; from William and Mary, 157-1 58. 
 
 Charter, original, of Henry VI., 410—412. 
 
 Charter, city, confirmed by Richard IL, 197. 
 
588 
 
 INDEX. 
 
 Chest, iron, at Grocers' Hall, 37. 
 
 Chicheley, Sir Robert, notice of, 208 — 211 ; account of the Chicheley 
 
 family, 208-209 > Rol'ert Chicheley rifes to wealth and importance, 209 ; 
 
 gives a plot of ground for the fite of St. Stephen's Church, Walbrook, his 
 
 charitable bequefts, 210; his death and epitaph as given by Weever, 211. 
 Chicheley, Sir Thomas, notice of, helps to re-build St. Stephen's Church 
 
 after the fire of London, note from The Builder, 211-212. 
 Chikwell, Hammond, notice of, his mayoralty and afts, feizes Stapleton, 
 
 Biftiop of Exeter, and puts him to death, 188 — 190. 
 Christ's Hospital, governors of, take poffeifion of Grocers' Hall, 27 ; fix 
 
 fcholarfliips purchafed by the Grocers' Company, 37 ; arrangement with 
 
 the governors, 138-139. 
 Churchman, John, 59 ; notice of, 203-204; eftablifties the firfl: Cuftomhoufe, 
 
 weighhoufe, and king's beam, 203 ; Strype's account of thefe improve- 
 ments, 203-204. 
 Clarendon, Lord, his charafter of Lord Coventry, 267. 
 Clerks of the Grocers' Company, T. Hervey, 7-8 ; R. Gough, 8 ; J. Grove, 
 
 95; J. Bunbury, 95-96 ; Mr. Ravenhill, 151-152. 
 Clerkship of the Grocers' Company firft inftituted, 95-96. 
 Clyde, Baron, of Clydefdale in Scotland, G.C.B., K.S.I., D.C.L., notice of, 
 
 376-377- 
 Committee of Corporation, 116. 
 
 of Safety, appointed in 1641, 15-16, 114 — 116. 
 
 Company, the Grocers', 38 — 176 ; the Pepperers of London, 38 — 40; firft 
 incorporation of Grocers, 40 — 43 ; ordinances of the Company from 
 1345 to 1348, 44 — 56; crowning the matters, 56; regulations in 1379, 
 57-58; Aldermen of the Company, 58: Lord Fitzwalter'a houfe pur- 
 chased, 59-60; 1429, the firft Charter, 60; privilege of garbling, 60; 
 firft tranflation of the ordinances in 1463, 61 — 63 ; the Reformation, 63- 
 64; a compulfory loan levied, by Queen Mary in 155S, 64-65 ; final re- 
 ftoration of the Proteftant religion, 65-66 ; pageant at Greenwich, 66 ; 
 the Company's ftore of corn, 66-67; Janies I.'s application to the Com- 
 pany for cprn, 68-69; fubfcription of corn for the Proteftantsin London- 
 derry, 71 ; Queen Elizabeth reftores the coin to its ftandard value, and 
 fummons the Wardens of feveral Companies for extortion, 71-72; firft 
 lottery in England, 72 — 76 ; Campion the Jefuit, 76 — 79 ; confpiracy of 
 the Duke of Norfolk, 79 — 81 ; Stubbs' book, 81-82; the Company's 
 declaration of loyalty, 82 — 85 ; (hips of war furniflied by the city, 85-86 ; 
 new Charter of James L, 86 ; vifit of the king of Denmark and pageant 
 on the occafion, 87 — 89 ; the Company's Irifh eftate, 89-90 ; apparel 
 and laws thereunto relating, 90 — 93 ; funerals of members' wives, 93-94; 
 funeral certificate, 94-95; clerklhip of the Company, 95-96; ancient 
 privilege of infpeftion and corredtion of abufes, 96—98 ; King James's in- 
 terference in the eleftion of a cook, 98^102 : loan to Charles L, 102 — 
 104; unconftitutional interference of the king in the Company's affairs, 
 104-105; two letters from Charles L, 105 — 108; ftiip-money, 108-109; 
 forced loans, 109 — 11 1; loan to the Parliament, 111-112; fale of the 
 Company's plate, 113; the Company's arms borrowed by the city, 112 — 
 114; committee of fafety, 114 — 116; Colwall fchool, 116; committee 
 of corporations, 116 ; Cromwell's charter, 117; Reftoration, 117-118; 
 oaths of allegiance and fupremacy, 118; ftewards at feftivals, 118-119; 
 coronation of Charles IL, 119-120; Sir John Frederick, 1 20-121 ; Cor- 
 poration Aft, 121-122; Ailhallows Staining, 122-123; druggifts, 123; 
 
INDEX. 589 
 
 loan to Charles II., 123-124; the plague, 124; the king prefented with 
 a Ihip of war by the city. 124-125 ; fire of London, 125-126 ; fire com- 
 mittee, 126-127; parlour and court-room built by Sir John Cutler, 
 127; general meeting of the Company in 1699, 127-128; petition to 
 Parliament, 128 — 130; a common hall, 130-131; the creditor's petition 
 to Parliament, 131-132 ; application to the Court of Aldermen, 133-134; 
 proceedings at law againft the Company, 134-135; the Hall reftored, 
 '35 — 137 > increafe of the court and livery, 137 : a freeman by redemp- 
 tion, 137-138; arrangement withChrift's Hofpital, 138-139 ; writ of ^«o 
 toarranto, 139— 141 ; meafures taken by the Company, 140 — 143 ; pe- 
 tition to the king, 143-144; interview with Charles 11., J44-145 ; judg- 
 ment againft the city, 145-146; death of Charles II., 147; charter of 
 Charles II., 147-148; new bye-laws, 148-149; acceffion of James 11. 
 and his tyranny, 149 — 151 ; gratuity to Mr. Ravenhill, 151-152 ; the re- 
 volution, 152; the "f«fl WiJrra«/»" declared illegal by Parliament, 152- 
 153; cancelling of the Company's furrender, 153; King William III., 
 fovereign mafter of the Company, 153 — 156; charter and bye-laws of 
 William and Mary, 156-157; the Hall demifed to the Bank of England, 
 157; ftate of the Company's affairs in 1700, 158-159; prefentation to 
 the Reftory of St. Mary le Bow, 160; Allhallows, Honey-lane, 160 — 
 162; profecution of the Company by the Corporation of London, 162- 
 163; addrefs and remonftrance of the citizens, 163-164; condudt of the 
 Grocers' Company, 164 — 166; decilion of the Mayor's Court, 166-167 ; 
 judgment reverfed, 167-168; Chief Juftice de Grey's opinion, 168 — 
 170; the French Revolution, 171 — 173; the Company's declaration of 
 allegiance, 173; London Affociation, 173-174; vote of thanks, 174; 
 King George III. and Mr. Pitt, 174-175 ; concluding remarks, 175-176. 
 
 Company, the Mercers', Goldfmiths', &c., fee Mercers', Goldjmiths' &c. 
 
 CoNEYHOPE Lane, fee Grocers' Alley. 
 
 Conspiracy of the Duke of Norfolk againft Queen Elizabeth, 79 — 81. 
 
 '■ of De La Pole and De Vere againft the Duke of Gloucefter, 1 79- 
 
 180. 
 
 Conway, Lady, her legacy to the Grocers' Company, 132. 
 
 Cook chofen by the Grocers' Company in 1622 and interference of James I., 
 99 — 102. 
 
 Corn, ftore of, kept by the Grocers' Company, 66-67 ; precept concerning 
 the corn from the Lord Mayor, 67 ; James I. applies to the Company for 
 corn, 68-69 ; application to the Grocers' Company in 1631 for the pur- 
 chafe of foreign corn, their refufal, 70-71 ; contribution of 100 quarters 
 of corn in aid of the Proteftants in Londonderry, 71 ; ^^1080 contributed 
 by the Grocers' Company towards a prefent of corn to Charles II., 71 ; 
 cuftom of keeping corn difcontinued after the fire of London, 71. 
 
 Cornett's Tower, Bucklerlbury, 58-59. 
 
 Cornish, Alderman, his trial and execution, 150-151. 
 
 CoRNWALUS, Charles, Marquis, notice of, 336—339' •''^ anceftors, 336- 
 337; his birth, he enters Parliament, joins the army, ferves in the Ame- 
 rican war, in India, is created Marquis, 337; appointed viceroy of Ire- 
 land, his policy, governor-general of India, elefted member of the Grocers' 
 Company, 338-339. 
 
 Coronation of Charles II., 1 197I20. 
 
 Court of Affiftants, meetings of, at various places, 27 ; their refolution of 
 thanks to Sir John Moore, 288. 
 
 Coventry, Thomas, Lord, of Ayiefborough, fee Aylejborough. 
 
590 INDEX. 
 
 Cranford, burial place of George, Ear] of Berkeley, 287. 
 
 Cromwell, Oliver, entertained at Grocers' Hall, 18; his charter to the 
 Grocers' Company, 1 1 7. 
 
 Crosbie, Sir John, notice of, 229 — 234; pedigree of Sir J. Crofbie, 229-230 ; 
 Crofbie mentioned in the will of Lord Scrope, of Malham, 230; returned 
 to Parliament, and invefted with important offices, appointed commiffioner 
 to treat with the Houfe loans, deicription of his houfe in Bifliopfgate- 
 ftreet, 230 — 238; charitable bequefts in his will, 232 — 234; Crolby 
 Houfe, 231-232. 
 
 Crowning the Matters, cuftom of, 56-57. 
 
 CusTOM-HousE, firft, eftablilhed by John Churchman, 203. 
 
 CxrrLER, Sir John, rebuilds a portion of Grocers' Hall, 24-2J, 134; notice 
 of, 298 — 307 ; ftriftures on his charafter by Pope and Pennant, 298-299 ; 
 his family, 300; created a baronet for his fervices to Charles II., his pedi- 
 gree, 301 ; defence of his charafter, his liberality to the Grocers' Com- 
 pany, 302 — 305; his benefaftions, his will, 305-306; defence of his 
 charafter in " Londiniana," 306-307. 
 
 Debts of the Grocers' Company in 1670, 1 30-1 31. 
 
 Decayed ftate of the Company about the year 1784, 34. 
 
 Declaration of allegiance in 1792, 173. 
 
 Declaration of loyalty to Queen Elizabeth, 82 — 85. 
 
 Defence of the City, levy on the Grocers' Company for, 1 13-1 14. 
 
 Denby, Earl of, his impeachment, 282. 
 
 Denmark, Chriftian IV. king of, fee Denmark, 
 
 Deputation of the Grocers' Company to Charles II. after the iflue of the 
 
 writ o^" quo warranto" 141 — 145. 
 Distress of the Grocers' Company in 1670, 1 30-1 31. 
 Dorset and Middlefex, Charles, Earl of, notice of, 310 — 313 ; chofen M.P. 
 
 for Eaft Grinftead, obtains the favour of Charles II., 310; his fervices in 
 
 the Dutch war, his titles, 311; his admiffion to the Grocers' Company, 
 
 &c., 312-313. 
 Duke of Anjou, fee Anjou. 
 Dunstan's St., Church, 292. 
 
 Edmund, St., Chapel of, fee Chapel. 
 
 Edward Auguftus, Duke of York, fee York. 
 
 Edwardes, Lieut. -Colonel, Sir Herbert Benjamin, K.C.B., notice of, 374-375. 
 
 Edwards, Sir James, contributes to the repair of Grocers' Hall, 28-29, 134. 
 
 Edwyn, John, Armourer to the Grocers' Company, 9. 
 
 Election of a cook to the Grocers' Company in 1622, 99 — 102. 
 
 Elgin and Kincardine, Rt. Hon. James Bruce, Eighth Earl of, K.T. G.C.B., 
 notice of, 381. 
 
 Elizabeth, Queen, reftores the coin of England to its proper ftandard, 72 ; 
 anecdote of her in Fox's " Book of Martyrs," 244 — 247 ; Norfolk's con- 
 fpiracy, 79 — 81; her projefled marriage with the Duke of Anjou, 81 — 85. 
 
 Eminent members of the Grocers' Company, notices of, fee Notices. 
 
 Enlargement of Grocers' Hall, 28 — 31. 
 
 Entertainment at Grocers' Hall given by Mr. Mallorie, 1 2 ; to Fairfax and 
 Cromwell, 18; to General Monk, 20-21; annual, on May 29th, called 
 " Reftoration Feaft," 2 1 ; to William Pitt, 34 ; to celebrate the fifth cen- 
 tenary of the Company, 36-37; at the houfe of the Abbot of Bury, 41.42, 
 49 ; Stewards at entertainments, 1 15 — 1 19. 
 
INDEX. sgi 
 
 Epitaph of Sir Thomas Knowles, in St. Antholin's Church, 206 ; of Sir 
 Thomas Chicheley, 211; of Sir Henry Keble, 238— 240; of Sir William 
 Laxton, 243 ; of Sir Stephen Soame, 254 ; of Sir George Rolles, 202 ; of 
 Sir John Moore, 292; of Charles Baron Tenterden, 366. 
 Exeter, Stapleton, bilhop of, put to death by Hammond Chikwell, 190. 
 Exhibitions belonging to Sevenoaks' Grammar School, 217-218. 
 Extract from the " Accompte" of Stephen Brown, Alderman, 420-421. 
 Fairfax, General Sir Thomas, levies £40,000 on the city in 1648, 16-17; 
 petition againft the introduftion of his troops, 17; Fairfax plunders the 
 treafuries of feveral Companies, his letter to Sir J. Warner, 17. 
 Farrur, Robert, reviles the Frincefs Elizabeth, (Fox's Martyrs), 245 — 247. 
 Feasts, fee Entertainments. 
 
 Finch, Mr. J., leafes the lands of the Grocers' Company in Ireland, 133-134, 
 and note. 
 
 Finch, the Rt. Hon. Heneage, firft Earl of Nottingham, notice of, 279—284 ; 
 his birth and education, chofen M.P. for Coventry, made Attorney-Ge- 
 neral, treafurer of the Inner Temple, &c., 279 ; Charles II. dines with 
 him in the Hall of Doftors' Commons, account of the tranfaftion in Heath's 
 Chronicle, 280; his parliamentary afts, conftituted Attorney-General, 
 made a Baron, &c., 281 ; his charafter as related by Anthony Wood, 
 281-282; Finch made Lord High Steward of England, impeachment of 
 the Earl of Danby, &c., the new Privy Council, 282-283 ; Finch created 
 Earl of Nottingham, his death and burial, 284. 
 
 Fines, fee Ordinances. 
 
 Fire of London and its ravages, 21 — 24, 137-138. 
 
 FiTZWALTER, Lord, his family manfion, 3 ; and note, 59-60 ; his applications 
 for the ceffion of St. Edmunds' Chapel, 3 ; his houfe converted into an 
 Inn, 3-4. 
 
 Five- Mile Act, the, 281. 
 
 FooTE, Sir T., contributes to the relloration of the Hall, 135. 
 
 Forced Loans, fee Loans. 
 
 Foreign Merchants purchafe the right of landing goods in London, 182. 
 
 Fox, C. J., his eftimate of the charafter of General Monk, 272-273. 
 
 Frederic, Sir John, contributes to the repairs of Grocers' Hall, 28-29. 
 
 Freemen, by redemption, 137-138. 
 
 French Revolution of 1789, and its influence on London, 172 — 174. 
 
 Friedburg, battle of, 327. 
 
 Friends of the people, fociety of, 171. 
 
 Funeral certificate of a member of the Grocers' Company, 94-95 ; funerals 
 of members, ordinances concerning, 46-47 ; of their wives, 93-94. 
 
 Furniture and fittings of Grocers' Hall, 13—15: and ornaments of the 
 Grocers' altar in St. Anthony's Church, 395. 
 
 Garbeller of Spices, office of, 61-62. 
 
 Garbelling, privilege of, granted to the Grocers' Company, 60 ; tranflation 
 
 of the patent fecuring the privilege to the Grocers' Company, 412—414. 
 Garden of the Grocers' Company, and regulations concerning it, 79. 
 George, Earl of Berkeley, fee Berkeley. 
 III., his reply to the citizens' remonftrance, 163-164 ; George III. 
 
 and Mr. Pitt, 174-175. r ^ , • 
 
 George William Frederick Charles, Duke of Cambridge, fee Cambridge. 
 Gerrard's Hall, built by Sir John de Gifors, 184. 
 Gisors, Sir John de, notice of, 182—185; his anceftry, 182-183; em- 
 
592 INDEX. 
 
 powered to regulate the prices of wines — fummoned for making claim to 
 tonnage and poundage in the town of St. Botolph, Lincoln — purchafesthe 
 fee-farm of Queenhithe of the king's brother, 183 ; order that all houfes 
 in the City ftiould be covered with flates — Sir John Gifors, the firft mayor 
 prefented to the Barons of Exchequer — his death — he builds Gerrard's 
 Hall, 184. 
 
 Sir John, grandfon of the above, M.P. for the City, 184-185. 
 
 Gloucestbr, H.R.H, William Henry, Duke of, notice of — his birth — in- 
 ftalled a Knight of the Garter, created Duke, eledled a member of the 
 Grocers' Company, 330-331. 
 
 GoDERiCH, Vifcount, fee Robin/on. 
 
 GouGH, R., Clerk of the Grocers' Company, 8. 
 
 Grace pronounced at, Grocers' Hall on feftive occafions, 176. 
 
 Gratuity awarded to Mr. Ravenhill in 1687, 151-152. 
 
 Greenwich, pageant at, in 1559. 
 
 Grocers' Alley, called Coneyhope Lane (Stow's London), 4. 
 
 Company, fee Company; extrafts from their records, fee Records, &c. 
 
 Grocers' Hall, Hiftory of, fee Hail. 
 
 Grocer, origin of the term, 38. 
 
 Gunpowder depofited at Grocers' Hall, 11-12. 
 
 GwiLT, Jofeph, repairs Grocers' Hall, 35-36. 
 
 Haberdashers' Hall, treafury of, plundered by Fairfax, 17. 
 
 Hall, Grocers', Hiftory of, l — 37; its fite, 1 — 4; the hall, 4—7; the 
 garden, 7 — 9 ; the armoury,9-lo ; depofit of gunpowder, 11-12 ; the hall 
 let for feftivals, 12-13; ''^e hall improved, 13; furniture, &c. 13 — 15; 
 Sir S. Soame, 15; Committee of Safety, 15-16; attempted intrufion of 
 troops, 17; feaft to Cromwell and Fairfax, 18; Queen Elizabeth's 
 arms, 19-20; feaft to General Monk, 20-21 ; the Reftoration, 21 ; Fire 
 of London, 21 — 24; Sir John Cutler, 24-25 ; divine fervice in hall, 25- 
 26 ; fmoking and drinking during fitting of court, 26 ; the hall fequeftered, 
 26-27 ' meetings of the court at various places, 27 ; the Company rein- 
 ftated, 27-28; the Hall enlarged, 28 — 31, 135 ; Bank of England, 31 — 
 33; riots in 1780, 33-34; The Right Hon. William Pitt, 34-35; the 
 Hall rebuilt, 35 ; fifth centenary of the Company, 36-37 ; the Hall de- 
 mifed to the Bank of England, 157. 
 
 Hall, Goldfmiths', Haberdalhers', &c., fee Goldfmiths\ Haberdajhers , l£c. 
 
 Halywelle, Laurence de, firft Warden of the Grocers' Company, 41 ; his 
 gift to the Grocers' Company, 49. 
 
 Hanworth, manor of, belonging to Sir John Croft)ie, 233, and note. 
 
 Harding, anceftorof the Earl of Berkeley, 285. 
 
 Hawkesbury, Lord, title affumed by Mr. Jenkinfon, 342. 
 
 Heath's Chronicle, account of entertainment to Fairfax and Cromwell, 18. 
 
 Henry IIL, his marriage with Eleanor of Provence, i8i. 
 
 • — Vin. extorts a fum of money from the City, 243. 
 
 Hersecloth of the Grocers' Company, 14. 
 
 of the Fifhmongers' Company, 14. 
 
 Hervey, T., Clerk of the Grocers' Company, 7-8. 
 
 Hooker, Sir W., contributes to the repair of Grocers' Hall, 29, 135. 
 
 " Hosanna," or " Song of Thankfgiving of the Children of Zion at Grocers' 
 Hall," June 7, 1649, 435 — 442. 
 
 Houblon, Sir John, firft governor of the Bank of England, 31-32. 
 
 House of Lord Fitzwalter, fee Fitzwalter. 
 
INDEX. 593 
 
 Hubert, Chief Juftke, purfued to fanftuary by Henry III., i8i. 
 Hume, the hiftorian, his opinion of the charader of General Monlc, 272. 
 
 Incorporation, firft, of the Grocers' Company, 40—42. 
 Increase of the Court and Livery of the Grocers' Company, in 1681, 137. 
 Inglis, iVJajor-General Sir John Eardley Wilmot, K.C.B., notice of, 377-378. 
 Ireland, account of the Company's eftate in, 565 — 582. 
 
 Jamaica, governorfliip of, granted to the fon of General Monk, 271. 
 
 James I. applies to the Grocers' Company for corn, 69-70 ; interferes in the 
 eleftion of a cook for the Company, 98 — 102 ; grants the fecond charter 
 to the City, 258 ; his carriage flopped in the city on the Sabbath by Sir 
 G. Bolles, 260-261. 
 
 James II., his acceffion and his tyranny, 149 — 151 ; trial and execution of 
 Alderman Cornilh, 150 ; James delivers a charter and two grants of re- 
 ftoration to the Court of Aldermen, 151. 
 
 Jenkinson, the Rt. Hon. Robert Banks, Earl of Liverpool, notice of, 341 — 
 346; his anceftry, birth and education, 341 ; his intimacy with G. Can- 
 ning, and entry into public life — affumes the title of Lord Hawkefljury — 
 enters the Cabinet — is eulogized by Mr. Pitt, receives the feals of the 
 Home Department, 342 ; created Warden of the Cinque Ports and Earl 
 of Liverpool, 343 ; becomes Prime Minifter — is feized with apoplexy — 
 his death, 344; enrolled as a member of the Grocers' Company, 344 — 
 
 346. 
 JoNSON, Ben, makes mention of the Windmill Inn, Old Jewry, 3-4, and note. 
 Judgment againft the City on the "quo warranto," 145-146. 
 
 Keble, Sir Henry, notice of, 237 — 240 ; his donation of £1000 towards 
 finifliing the church of St. Aldermary, 237; Strype's account of this tranf- 
 adlion, 237-238; Keble's bequefts to the Grocers' Company, 238; his 
 epitaph, 238 — 240. 
 
 King's Beam, the firft, eftablifhed by John Churchman, as recorded by Strype, 
 203-204 ; rate of charges in 1453, 421-422. 
 
 Knolles, General W., lays claim to the extinft earldom of Knolles, 207. 
 
 Sir Thomas, notice of, 205 — 207 ; remarks on the Knolles family 
 
 by Dugdale — Sir T. Knolles bequeaths a mefTuage in St. Antholin's to the 
 Grocers' Company, 205 ; repairs the church of St. Antholin's, and is 
 buried there — his epitaph, 205-206 ; extrafts from Stow's " Chronicle of 
 London," 206-207; earldom claimed by General W. Knolles in 1813,207. 
 
 William, firft baron of Gray's, created by James I. 207. 
 
 Lampoon, on the feaft given to Cromwell and Fairfax, at Grocers' Hall, 18, 
 
 435—442. 
 Lawrence, Rt. Hon. Sir John Laird Mair, Bart., K.C.B., K.S.L, notice of, 
 
 372- 
 
 Laws of Oleron, 397 — 408. 
 
 Laxton, Sir William, notice of, 241—243 ; his foundation at Oundle, and 
 infcriptions there to commemorate his name, 241 ; the fchool vifited by 
 members of the Grocers' Company, 242 ; extortion of a fum of money 
 from the City by Henry VIII., and oppofition of Alderman Richard 
 Head — epitaph of Sir W. Laxton, 243. 
 
 Letter of George, Earl of Pembroke, to Sir John Moore, 287 ; of Pitt, 
 Earl of Chatham, 318-319; of Sir Robert Peel, declining to be nominated 
 
 4G 
 
594 INDEX. 
 
 for the City of London, 364; of Charles I. to the Grocers' Company, 
 
 104 — 106. 
 Leverton, Mr., rebuilds Grocers' Hall in an inefEcient manner, 35. 
 Lists of Members of the Grocers' Company, fee Members — Lift of Plate, 
 
 fee Plate. 
 Little Ease, a place of confinement for apprentices, 72, and note. 
 Liverpool, Robert Banks Jenkinfon, Earl of, fee Jenkinjon. 
 Livery of the Grocers' Company, ordinances relating to, 47-48, 50 ; its in- 
 
 creafe in 1681, 137. 
 Loans levied on the Grocers' Company— in 1 558, 64-65 ; by Charles L, 102 
 
 — 104, 109 — III ; by the Parliament, 111-112. 
 Lodge, Sir Thomas, notice of — his quarrel with the Earl of Arundel refpefting 
 
 provifions for the Queen's table, 249 — 252. 
 LoNDiNiANA, by Brayley, defends Sir John Cutler, 306-307. 
 London Affociation for aiding the civil power, 173-174. 
 
 Correfponding Society, 171. 
 
 Londonderry, Charles William Vane, Marquis and Earl of, fee Vane. 
 Lord Mayors of London, who have been members of the Grocers' Company, 
 
 391—395- 
 Lottery, the firft, in England, 73 — 75 ; rare traft concerning this lottery, 
 
 74-75 ; lottery in 1612, 75-76. 
 Lullingstone Manor and almftioufes, the property of Sir John Peche, 235- 
 
 236. 
 Lyons, Admiral Lord, notice of, 369-370. 
 
 M'^Clintock, Captain Sir Francis Leopold, R.N., D.C.L., notice of, 378-379. 
 
 Maidservants, fumptuary laws relating to, 92-93. 
 
 Maitland's Hiftory of London, reference to an accident by gunpowder in 
 
 Thames-ftreet, 12, note. 
 Mallorie, Mr., obtains the ufe of Grocers' Hall for a feaft, February 9th, 
 
 1564, 12. 
 Margaret, St. church of, re-built by Sir John Cutler, 305. 
 Marine Society fupported by the Grocers' Company, 171. 
 Mary, Queen, forces the Grocers' Company to adopt the Catholic faith, 63 ; 
 
 and levies a loan upon them, 64-65. 
 Masters of the Grocers' Company firft crowned, 56; their eleftion, &c., 
 
 56-57- 
 Mayor, the, of London, firft prefented to the Barons of Exchequer, 184. 
 Medows, Major General Sir William, K.G., notice of, his anceftors — General 
 
 Medows companion in arms of Cornwallis, receives the freedom of the 
 
 Grocers' Company, 339-340. 
 Melborne, John, Mafter of the Grocers' Company, 4. 
 Members received into the Grocers' Company in 1346, 48 ; in 1347, 51 ; 
 
 in 1348, 52; in 1349, 55; in 1383, 58/ 
 
 — lift of, of the Grocers' Company in 1373, 396-397. 
 
 of the Grocers' Company, notices of, fee Notices. 
 
 who have been Lord Mayors of London, 391 — 395. 
 
 Mercer, John, a merchant refcued from imprifonment by Sir John Philpot, 
 
 201-202. 
 Mercers' Company, their wardens fiimmoned before Elizabeth's council for 
 
 extortionate trading, 72. 
 Mercers' Hall, meeting place of the firft Court of Diredlors of the Bank of 
 
 England, 32. 
 
INDEX. 595 
 
 Metropolitan police, inaituted by Sir Robert Peel, 363. 
 
 MiDDLETON, Lady, her bequeft to Chrift's Hofpital, 138. 
 
 Minutes of the Grocers' Company, 41-42. 
 
 Monk, General, entertained at Grocers' Hall, 20-21 ; notice of, 269—274 ; 
 his anceftry and early life, 269; his revenge on the underfherifF for pub- 
 licly arrefting his father— he ferves in the Low Countries, is employed by 
 Cromwell to fubjugate Scotland, created Duke of Albemarle by Charles IL 
 270 ; his courage in the engagement with the Dutch and at Chatham, 
 271 ; elefted a member of the Grocers' Company, his death, his charafter 
 as fketched by Hume, Fox, and Prince, 271 — 274. 
 
 Monopolies, patent for, granted by Queen Elizabeth, 72-73. 
 
 MooRE, Sir John, repairs Grocers' Hall, 28—30; keeps his mayoralty at 
 Grocers' Hall, 31; helps to rebuild the Hall, 134—136; notice of, 287— 
 296 ; his liberality to the Grocers' Company as recorded in their books, 
 287-288 ; his interference in theeleaion of Sheriffs, 288-289 ' difturbance 
 in the city, decifion of the king, petition to the Court of Aldermen, their 
 anfwer, new eleiflion, 290-291 ; death of Sir J. Moore and his burial in 
 St. Dunftan's in the Eaft, his epitaph, 292 ; fong on his inftallation as 
 Lord Mayor, 293 — 296. 
 
 Murray, the Rt. Hon. Lieut.-General Sir George, K.B., notice of, 367. 
 
 Napier, Baron, of Magdala, notice of, 386-387. 
 
 Norfolk, confpiracy of the Duke of, againft Queen Elizabeth, 79 — 81. 
 
 Norman, Sir John, Lord Mayor of London, buried in AUhallows' Church, 
 101-102. 
 
 North, Dudley, his eleftion as Sheriff of London, 288-289, 291. 
 
 Notices of illuftrious and eminent members of the Grocers' Company, 179 — 
 367 : — viz. Andrew Bokerel, 179 — 182 ; Sir John de Gifors, 182 — ^185 ; 
 Sir Alan de la Zouche, 185 — 188; Hammond Chikwell, 188-190; 
 Andrew Aubery, 191 — 193; Sir Nicholas Brember, 194—200; Sir John 
 Philpot, 200 — 202; John Churchman, 203-204; Sir Thomas KnolJes, 
 205 — 207 ; Sir Robert and Sir Thomas Chicheley, 208 — 212; Sir Wil- 
 liam Sevencke, Z13 — 221 ; Sir John de Welles, 221-222; Sir Stephen 
 Browne, 223-224 ; Sir Thomas Cannyng, 224 — 229 ; Sir John Crolbie, 
 229—234 ; Sir John Peche, 234 — 237 ; Sir Henry Keble, 237 — 240 ; Sir 
 William Laxton, 241 — 243 ; Laurence Shireff, 244 — 248 ; Sir Thomas 
 Lodge, 249 — 252 ; Sir John Rivers, 252-253 ; Sir Stephen Soame, 254 — 
 256; Sir Humphrey Weld, 256 — 259; Sir George Belles, Knt., 259 — 
 262; Sir Peter Proby, 263-264; Thomas Lord Coventry of Aylef- 
 borough, 265—267 ; King Charles IL, 268 ; George Monk, Duke of Al- 
 bemarle, 269 — 274 ; Sir Thomas Alleyn, Bart., 274—276 ; Sir Godfrey 
 Palmer, Knt. and Bart., 276—278 ; the Rt. Hon. Heneage Finch, i ft Earl 
 of Nottingham, 279—284; George, Earl of Berkeley, 285—287; Sir 
 John Moore, Knt., 287 — 296 ; John Sheffield, Duke of Buckinghamfhire, 
 296—298 ; Sir John Cutler, Bart., 298—307 ; King William III., 307— 
 310; Charles, Earl of Dorfet and Middlefex, 310—313; Sir John 
 Barnard, 313 — 315; William Pitt, Earl of Chatham, 316 — 320; the 
 Rt. Hon. Henry Bilfon Legge, 321-322; Edward Auguftus, Duke of 
 York, 323-324; the Right Hon. Arthur Onflow, 324-325; Charles 
 Prince of Brunfwick Lunenburg, 326—328; Charles Pratt, firft Earl 
 Camden 328—330; William Henry, Duke ot Gloucefter, 330-331; 
 Right Hon. William Pitt, 33'— 335 5 Charles. Marquis Cornwalhs, K.G. 
 336—339 • Major-General Sir William Medows, K.B., 339-340; Right 
 
596 
 
 INDEX. 
 
 Hon. Robert Banks Jenkinfon, Earl of Liverpool, 341 — 346; Charles 
 William Vane, Marquis and Earl of Londonderry, 346-347 ; the Right 
 Hon. George Canning, 347 — 357 ; Right Hon. George Frederick John 
 Robinfon, Vifcount Goderich, 358; Rt. Hon. Sir Robert Peel, Bart. 
 359 — 365; Charles Baron Tenterden, 365-366; Right Hon. Lieut.- 
 General Sir George Murray, K.B., 367; Fitzroy, James Henry Somerfet, 
 Lord Raglan, 367^ — 3^9 5 Admiral Lord Lyons, 369-370; Francois Cer- 
 tain de Canrobert, Marflial of France, 370-371 ; Rt. Hon. Sir John Laird 
 Mair Lawrence, Bart. K.C.B., K.S.L, 372; H.R.H. George William 
 Frederick Charles, Duke of Cambridge, 373 ; Lieut.-Colonel Sir Herbert 
 Benjamin Edwardes, K.C.B., 374-375; Baron Clyde, of Clydefdale in 
 Scotland, G.C.B., K.S.L, D.C.L., 376-377; Major-General Sir John 
 Eardley Wilmot Inglis, K.C.B., 377-378; Captain Sir Francis Leopold 
 M'^Clintock, R.N., D.C.L., 378-379; Lieut.-General Sir James Outram, 
 K.C.B., 379 — 381 ; Rt. Hon. James Bruce, Eighth Earl of Elgin and 
 Kincardine, K.T., G.C.B., 381; Earl Canning, 382-383; His Royal 
 Highnefs the Prince of Wales, 384; His Royal Highnefs Prince Alfred 
 Ernefl Albert, Duke of Edinburgh, 385 ; Baron Napier of Magdala, 
 386-387. See alfo each of thefe names in alphabetical order. 
 
 Oath of allegiance to Charles II., 118. 
 
 Oleron, laws of, 377 — 388. 
 
 Olyve, John, Mailer of the Grocers' Company, 4. 
 
 Onslow, the Rt. Hon. Arthur, notice of, his parentage, eledled Speaker of 
 the Houfe of Commons for five confecutive parliaments, receives a penfion 
 of £3000 for his fervices, prefented with the freedom of the city and of 
 the Grocers' Company, buried at Thames Ditton, 324-325. 
 
 Ordinances and Remembrances of the Grocers' Company, 40, 43 — 57; 
 rules for the eleftion of members and payment to be made, 44-45 ; for 
 debates between members, 45-46 ; for wrong done to any of the fraternity, 
 46 ; on the death of a member, 46-47 ; rules for apprentices, 47 ; on 
 liveries, 47-48, 50 ; for the affillance of impoveriihed members, 48 ; re- 
 membrances of the fraternity's earlier meetings from 1346 to 1349, 48 — 
 55 ; extrafts from ordinances paffed in 1376, 55 — 57 ; on crowning the 
 Matters, 56-57; firft tranflation of the Ordinances into Englilh, 61 — 63. 
 
 Origin of the cuftom of counting hobnails and horfe-flioes, 181. 
 
 Original Charter of Henry VI., 410 — 412. 
 
 OuNDLE, fchools at, founded by Sir William Laxton, 241 ; vifited by the 
 members of the Grocers' Company, 242. 
 
 Outram, Lieut.-General, Sir James, K.C.B., notice of, 379 — 381. 
 
 Pageants of the Grocers' Company — in 1606 — in honour of the King of Den- 
 mark, 86 — 89, and note; of Sir Thomas Middleton, 443 — 459; of Sir 
 George Bowles, 459 — 466; of Sir Thomas Allen, 466^474; of Sir John 
 Frederick, 475—487 ; of Sir Robert Hanfon, 488 — 506 ; of Sir William 
 Hooker, 507 — 518; of Sir James Edwards, 518 — 535; of Sir John 
 Moore, 536^551 ; of Sir John Fleet, 551 — 560; to the Parliament, 
 561—564. 
 
 Paine, Thomas, and his writings, 172. 
 
 Palmer, Sir GeoiFrey, Knt. and Bart., notice of, 276-278. 
 
 Papilion, Thomas, Sheriff of London, 289 — 291. 
 
 Paris, Matthew, his account of the " Brethren of the Sack," 3, note. 
 
 Parliament, loan to the, in 1642, 111-112; petition to, by the creditors of 
 
INDEX. 597 
 
 the Grocers' Company in 167 1, 131 ; declares the writ of "guo warranto" 
 ^ Illegal, 152-153. ^ 
 
 ATENT^oIl, granting to the Grocers' Company the privilege of garbelling, 
 
 |atent of the Grocers' Company, coft of obtaining, &c., 60. 
 
 ^ATENTs for monopolies granted by Queen Elizabeth, 72-73. 
 
 •eche, Sir John, notice of, 234—237; his anceftry, 235; Sir J. Peche buys 
 the manor of Lullingftone, in Kent, Sir John Peche, the younger, oppofes 
 Perkyn Warbeck, pays a large fum to the Grocers' Company for charitable 
 purpofes, his death, 236-237. 
 
 'edigrees, of Sir Thomas Cannyng, 226; of Sir John Crofbie, 230; of Sir 
 Humphrey Weld, 256; of Sir John Cutler, 301 ; of George Canning, 
 348-349; of Sir R. Peel, 360-361. 
 
 'eel, the Rt. Hon. Sir Robert, Bart., notice of, 359 — 365 ; pedigree of the 
 Peel family, 360-361 ; particulars concerning them, 362 ; birth and edu- 
 cation of Sir R. Peel, his cotemporaries at Harrow, his three Great Mea- 
 fures, 363 ; he declines the reprefentation of the city of London, 364; his 
 death, 365. 
 
 I'embroke, Philip, Earl of, 282. 
 
 'enalties, fee Ordinances. 
 
 i'ENNiNGTON, J. Lord Mayor of London, borrows the Arms of the Grocers' 
 Company, 1 12-1 13. 
 
 Pension of £3000 awarded to Arthur Onflow, 325. 
 
 Pepperers, the ancient name of the Grocers' Company, 38 — 40 ; Ravenhill's 
 account of them, 39 ; Andrew Bokerel, the Pepperer, Lord Mayor of 
 London, 59. 
 
 ?EPYs, his eftimate of the charafter of General Monk, 273-274. 
 
 pERavAL, Mr. aiTaiEnation of, 343. 
 
 Perfect Diurnal, the, records the fitting of committees at Grocers' Hall in 
 1644, 16. 
 
 Petition prefented by the Grocers' Company to Charles II. in the matter of 
 the " quo warranto" 143-144. 
 
 Philpot, Sir John, notice of, 200 — 202 ; account of him by Weever, 200- 
 201 ; his fpirited refcue of a merchant who had been feized and confined 
 in Scarborough Caftle, 201-202; his courage in Parliament, 202. 
 
 Pitt, the Rt. Hon. William, receives the freedom of the Grocers' Company 
 and is entertained at Grocers' Hall, 34: his meafures in 1792, 174-175; 
 notice of, 331 — 335 ; his birth and education, 331-332 ; his parliamen- 
 tary career, 333-334; Lord Grenville's defcription of his fyftem, 334; 
 enrolled in the Grocers' Company, 335. 
 
 William, firft Earl of Chatham, notice of, 316—320; his family, his 
 
 education at Eton, reprefents Old Sarum in Parliament, his appointments, 
 316-317 ; fucceffes during his adminiftration, 317 ; his refignation of the 
 Seals, fummoned again to the Cabinet, created Earl of Chatham, his death 
 in confequence of his efibrts in the Houfe of Lords, 318-319; his admif- 
 fion into the Grocers' Company, 320. m r 1 l 
 
 Plate of the Grocers' Company fold in 1643, 112— 114; Jilt ol plate be- 
 longing to the Company at various periods, 424-4ZS- ^ . , „ „ 
 
 Poem on Sir William Sevenoke from the « Nme Worthies of London, 2 1 8— 
 
 Pointz de la Charte D'Oleron, 398—408. 
 PoPE,Alexander, his ftriaures on Sir John Cutler, 298-299. 
 
 Pratt Charles, firft Earl Camden, notice of. his titles, his decifion m the 
 
598 
 
 INDEX. 
 
 cafe of John Wilkes, his trafts, prefented with the freedom of the Grocers' 
 
 Company, 328—330. 
 Presentation to the Redlory of St. Mary-le-Bow, 1 60 ; of Allhallows, 
 
 Honey-lane, 160 — i6z. 
 Prince, his remarks on the eharafler of General Monk, 274. 
 Privilege of infpeftion and correflion of abufes, 96 — 98. 
 Proby, Sir Peter, notices of, 263-264; his anceftors and defcendants, 263- 
 
 264; Sir P. Proby appointed governor of Ulfter, 264. 
 Proceedings at law againft the Grocers' Company for debt in 1680, 134. 
 Proposals for liquidating the Company's debts in 1573, 132-133. 
 Prosecution of the Grocers' Company by the Corporation of London, 162- 
 
 163 ; remonftrances of the citizens and the king's reply, 163-164; con- 
 
 duft of the Company in oppolition to the Corporation, 164 — 166 ; decifion 
 
 of the Mayor's Court and reverfion of the judgment, 166 — 168. 
 Protestantism abjured by the Grocers' Company under Queen Mary, 63- 
 
 64; refumed under Queen Elizabeth, 65-66. 
 
 Quarterage levied on members of the Grocers' Company, 156-157. 
 Queenhithe, fee-farm of, purchafed by Sir John de Gifors, 183. 
 Quo Warranto, writ of, againft the City Charters in 1684, 139 — 146; de- 
 clared illegal by Parliament, 152-153, 292. 
 
 Raglan, Fitzroy James Henry Somerfet, Lord, notice of, 367 — 369. 
 Rauston, church of, near Olney, burial-place of Finch, Earl of Nottingham, 
 
 284. 
 Ravenhill, his account of the Grocers' Company, 59 ; his defcription of the 
 
 Hall, 135 — 137; gratuity awarded to him in 1687, 151-152. 
 Read, Richard, Alderman, oppofes the extortions of Henry VIII. ; compelled 
 
 to ferve as a private foldier, 243. 
 Rebuilding of Grocers' Hall after the fire of London, 23 — 25. 
 Records of the Grocers' Company, 4 — 7 ; preferved at the fire of London, 38 ; 
 
 firft minutes, 41-42 ; declaration of loyalty to Queen Elizabeth, 82 — 84. 
 Rectory of St. Mary-le-Bow, prefentation to, 160; of Allhallows, Honey- 
 lane, 160 — 162. 
 Redemption, freemen by, 137-138. 
 Reformation, doftrines of the, adopted by the Grocers' Company, 63 ; their 
 
 recantation under Queen Mary, 63-64. 
 Remembrances, fee Ordinances. 
 Restoration of King Charles II., 21 ; feaft given in honour of the event, 21, 
 
 117. 
 Revolution of 1688, 152; French Revolution, fee French. 
 Ringed Hall, ox Ryngdehall, 51 — 54. 
 
 Riot fupprefled by Sir Thomas Cannyng in 1456, 227 — 229. 
 Riots of 1780 — troops ftationed at Grocers' Hall, 33-34. 
 Rivers, Sir John, notice of— no banquet given on his inauguration as Mayor 
 
 of London, on account of a plague then raging — ordinances to regulate the 
 
 performance of ftage plays, 252-253. 
 Robinson, Lady Mary, her gift to Chrift's Hofpital, 138, 
 
 The Rt. Hon. Frederick John, Vifcount Goderich, notice of, 358. 
 
 Rodolfi, agent in the Duke of Norfolk's confpiracy, 80. 
 
 Rugby Grammar School, founded by Laurence Shireff, 244; rife in value of 
 
 certain eftates left for its endowment, 248. 
 Rules of the Fraternity of Pepperers under Edward II., 40 — 43, 57. 
 
INDEX. 599 
 
 Rupert Prince, affifts General Monk againft the Dutch, 271. 
 J ' J"*"* Le, fells his houfe to the " Brethren of the Sack," 2. 
 <.YE brought from Pruffia during a famine, by Sir S. Browne, 224. 
 
 )ACK, Brethren of the, their arrival in London in 1257 ; diffolution of their 
 order m 1307, 2. 
 
 Jafety, Committee of, appointed in 1641, 15-16, 114— 116. 
 
 Jailors fupplied for Queen Elizabeth's navy, by the Grocers'Company, 11. 
 
 Savoy Palace, attacked by the mob, in the reign of Richard 11., 196. 
 
 JCOTS, the, receive a donation of £300,000 from Charles I., i lo-i 1 1. 
 
 JCROPE, Henry, Lord, of Mafham, his bequeft to Sir John Crofbie, 230. 
 
 SECOND Charter of James I. granted to the City, 258. 
 
 Sequestration of Grocers' Hall, 26-27, 
 
 SETTLE, Elkanah, laft civic poet laureate, 89, note. 
 
 Sevenoake, Sir William, notice of, 213-221 ; Sevenoake, a foundling, ap- 
 prenticed to Hugh de Bois, a Ferrer — petitions to be admitted into the 
 Grocers' Company, becomes Lord Mayor of London, 213; founds a 
 Grammar School in Sevenoaks, 214-215 ; the ftipends of the fchool in- 
 creafed by Sir Ralph and Lady Margaret Bofville, 215-216 ; " Wool Key," 
 rented by the Cuftoms, and the funds devoted to the fchool, 216-217; 
 poem on Sir William Sevenoake, from Johnfon's " Nine Worthies of Lon- 
 don," 218 — 221. 
 
 Sevenoaks Grammar School, founded by Sir William Sevenoake, 214-215. 
 
 Sheffield, John, Duke of Buckinghamlhire, notice of, 296 — 298; his ancef- 
 try, 296; created Marquis of Normanby and Duke of Buckinghamlhire — 
 his gallantry at the battle of Solebay ; his literary attainments — Walpole's 
 opinion of them, 297 ; oiEces held by the Duke, 297-298. 
 
 Shipmoney, levied from the Grocers' Company, 108-109, and note. 
 
 Ships of war, furnilhed to the City in 1591, 1596 and 1603, 85-86; fliip 
 prefented to Charles IL by the City, 124-125. 
 
 Shireff, Laurence, notice of, 244 — 248 ; founds Rugby Grammar School, 
 244 ; anecdote of him in Fox's Book of Martyrs, 244 — 247 ; items in his 
 will, 247-248 ; rife in value of fome of the eftates left for the endowment 
 of Rugby School, 248. 
 
 Site of Grocers' Hall, 1 — 4. 
 
 Skeggs, Edward, infults Sir Thomas Lodge, 249 — 253. 
 
 Slaney, Lady, her gift to Chrift's Hofpital, 138. 
 
 Slates, houfes in the city ordered to be roofed with, 183-184. 
 
 SoAME, Sir Stephen, 15 ; notice of, 254 — 256 ; his epitaph in the church of 
 Little Thurlow, Suffolk, 255 ; his benefaftions to the Grocers' Company, 
 
 255- 
 Soldiers fupplied by the Grocers' Company, 10-11 ; attempted intrufion of, 
 
 in Grocers' Hall, ftationed in the Hall during the riots of 1780, 33 — 37. 
 Solebay, battle of, 297. 
 Song on the inftalmentof Sir J. Moore as Lord Mayor of London, 293—296. 
 
 on the 500th anniverfary of the Company, 583-584. 
 
 SoiTTHAMPTON, Earl of, and the Five-mile ad, 281. 
 
 Specimen of Wardens' account, in the reign of Henry IV., 409—410. 
 
 of account for one year in the reign of Henry VI., 414—420. 
 
 Stage-plays, ordinances to regulate their performance, 253. 
 STAPLE,Mayorofthe(Sir J. Crofby), 237. ^ ,. „ , ^,., 
 
 Stapleton, Bifliop of Exeter, feized and put to death by Hammond Chik- 
 
 well, 190. 
 
6oo INDEX. 
 
 Stewards at feftivals, 1 19-120. 
 
 Stickells, fuperintends the wainfcoting of Grocers' Hall, 1 3. 
 
 Stowe, his mention of Andrew Bokerel, 180-181. 
 
 Stubbs, Henry, his book againft Queen Elizabeth's marriage with the Duke 
 
 of Anjou, 81, and note. 
 Subscription for payment of the Grocers' Company's debts, 130-13 1. 
 SyNAGOGUE on the fite of Grocers' Hall, 2. 
 
 Table of members of the Grocers' Company who have been Lord Mayors of 
 
 London, 391 — 395. 
 Tablet to the memory of Sir John Crofbie, 234. 
 Temple, Sir William, and the Privy Council of Charles IL, 283. 
 Tenterden, Charles, Baron, notice of, 365-366 ; his anceftry, his death and 
 
 burial — elefted a member of the Grocers' Company, 365 ; his epitaph, 366. 
 Theydon-Gerdon, church of, with tablet to the memory of Sir John 
 
 Crofbie, 234. 
 ToMKiNS, R., Beadle of the Grocers' Company, 61 — 63. 
 Translation of the Ordinances of the Grocers' Company, 61 — 63. 
 ' of the patent roll of Henry VL on the right of garbelling, 
 
 4IZ — 414. 
 Troops, fee Soldiers. 
 Tyranny of James IL, 149 — 151. 
 
 Ulster, Sir Peter Proby appointed governor of, 264. 
 
 Vane, Charles William, Marquis and Earl of Londonderry — notice of, his 
 anceftry and titles — enrolled as a member of the Grocers' Company, 346- 
 
 347- 
 Vote of thanks to the Grocers' Company, by the London Aflbciation for 
 
 aiding the civil power, 1 74. 
 
 Wales, His Royal Highnefs the Prince of, notice of, 384. 
 
 Walpole, Horace, his opinion of John Sheffield, Duke of Buckinghamfliire, 
 
 297. 
 Warden, penalty for refuiing the office of, 55-56. 
 Wardens' account in the reign of Henry IV., 409-410. 
 
 for one year in the reign of Henry VI., 414 — 420. 
 
 Warner, Sir J., Lord Mayor of London, 17. 
 
 Warranto, writ of ^0, againft the City Charters, 139 — 146; declared 
 
 illegal by Parliament, 1 52-1 53. 
 Warrants, general, declared illegal, 329. 
 Warrenne and Surrey, John, Earl of, aflaults and wounds Sir Alan de la 
 
 Zouche, in Weftminfter-hall, 187-188. 
 Weigh-house, the firft, eftablilhed by J. Churchman, 203-204; rate of 
 
 charges in 1453, 421-422. 
 Weld, Sir Humphrey, notice of, 256 — 259; Lyfon's account of the Welds, 
 
 256; pedigree of the Weld family, their poffeffions, 257-258; fecond 
 
 charter of James I. granted to the city during the mayoralty of Sir H. 
 
 Weld — benefaftion of Margaret Weld, wife of Sir Humphrey, 258-259. 
 Welles, John de, Mafter of the Grocers' Company, 4; notice of, 221-222. 
 Wilkes, John, and general warrants, 329. 
 
INDEX. 60 1 
 
 William III. fovereign mafter of the Grocers' Company — proceedings on his 
 enrolment, 153 — 156 ; notice of his eleftion as fovereign mafter, &c., 307 
 —310. 
 
 William Henry, Duke of Gloucefter, fee Gloucejier. 
 
 Windmill Inn, Old Jewry, 3-4. 
 
 Wives of members of the Grocers' Company, ordinances concerning, 93-94. 
 
 Wood, Anthony, his remarks on the charafter of Heneage Finch, 281-282. 
 
 Wool-key, the, rented by the Cuftoms, 216-217. 
 
 York, His Royal Highnefs Edward Auguftus, Duke of, notice of, prefented 
 with the freedom of the Grocers' Company, record of the event in the 
 Company's books, 323-324. 
 
 ZoucHE, Sir Alan de la, notice of, 185 — 188; his defcent, 18; ; barony of 
 Aftiby de la Zouche ; Sir Alan de la Zouche conftituted Warden of the 
 Forefts fouth of the Trent — takes part with Henry III. againft the barons 
 aflaulted by John, Earl de Warrenne and Surrey, 187 ; his death, 188. 
 
 FINIS- 
 
 4 H 
 
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