CORNELL 
 
 UNIVERSITY 
 
 LIBRARY 
 
 FINE ARTS LIBRARY 
 
Cornell University Library 
 NA 967.J62 
 
 A series of executed examples of ecclesi 
 
 3 1924 015 683 059 *.., 
 
sV.\ 
 
 '« 
 
 Cornell University 
 Library 
 
 The original of this book is in 
 the Cornell University Library. 
 
 There are no known copyright restrictions in 
 the United States on the use of the text. 
 
 http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924015683059 
 
¥kM $f Bete Qillelml Btllti|tlwfi:(l0:iI|aiD. 
 
 G Goldie, 
 
 WEIGHTMAN HADFIELD SCOLD, E, ARCHT= 
 SHEFFIELD. 
 
 JR.JoHbiiis. 
 
A SERIES OP 
 
 EXECUTED EXAMPLES 
 
 OP 
 
 ECCLESIASTICAL AND DOMESTIC 
 
 STRUCTURES, 
 
 FROM THE DESIGNS OF MODERN ARCHITECTS. 
 
 WITH TWENTY-SIX PLATE 
 
 LONDON: 
 
 ATCHLEY&CO., 106, GKEAT EUSSELL STREET, 
 
 BEDFOED SQUARE, 
 1858. 
 
LONDON : 
 
 PKINTED BY THOMAS SCOTT, 1, WARWICIi CO0KT, 
 
 HOLBORN. 
 
PREFACE. 
 
 Thk Work now presented to the notice of tlie Profession may be considered as 
 a first effort to gather into a volume a varied selection of representations of a portion 
 of the works recently erected in the United Kingdom, so as to bring them before 
 the Student, that he may be aware of their existence, and also of their character, 
 design, and ti-eatment. ' 
 
 At a period when so much is being done in the Capital, and throughout the 
 Kingdom, it becomes almost necessary that a record should be made of at least 
 a portion of the works that have employed the mind and genius of their Architects, 
 let their purpose be for what it may, whether works of magnitude, or those of simple 
 arid utilitarian character, 
 
 It is acknowledged there are almpst countless publications devoted to simple 
 subjects, in the shape of designs, but, as the larger portion of them have never been 
 carried into execution, they are not generally thought worthy of being consulted or 
 followed. It is to substitute the executed for the non-executed^ as a better medium 
 of consideration, that the present Work owes its existence ; and it is imagined that 
 the nature of the subjects it contains will offer a wide field for observation. In a first 
 attempt, though it is hardly possible to mature and perfect, yet we think the pages 
 of the present Volume will be found to contain mattet possessing sufficient interest 
 to render it worthy of a place in the professional library ; and should it prov& 
 acceptable every care will be taken in future volumes to remedy any incongruity or 
 incompleteness that may be discovered. 
 
 In the Prospectus thirty plates super royal size 4to, were stated as the number 
 of Illustrations, but as it has been found necessary to enlarge a considerable number 
 of the plates to half sheet, at more expense, we thii)k it will be generally conceded 
 that there is ample compensation for the number being reduced to twenty-six. 
 
 It may be only now necessary to mention that in collecting and issuing at a 
 moderate price the portion of the labours of men of professional reputation, such as 
 Scott, Rhind, Abrahams, Gough, Eochead, Hadfield, Weightman, Goldie, Knigitley, 
 Penfold, Barnes, &c., must be doing something in a right direction, and as such we 
 trust it may be estimated. 
 
LIST OF PLATES. 
 
 Plates. 
 
 Described 
 
 l.\ at Page. 
 
 -2. sSt.John's Cathedeal, Salford. ... ., ... ... ... ■•■ ••• ••■ 5 
 
 3.) 
 
 4.— Ballaghad&ekn Cathedral Chuech, Coonty of Mayo ... ... ••■ ■■• 7 
 
 5. — St. Peter's Church, Scarborough ... ... ... ... ... ••■ ••• 8 
 
 6.— Church of St. Philip the Evangelist in Arlington Square ... ... ... 8 
 
 7. — Trinity Presbyterian Church, Beauvoir Town ... ... .-. ■•• •■■ 10 
 
 " 8. — •■Memorial Aisle of the New Chafelj^ Hareow School, Middlesex „. .., ,.. 10 
 
 9. — St. Michael's Church, Cobnhill ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 12 
 
 10.— Stoke Schools, near Guildford ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 12 
 
 11.- -Wesley AN Day Schools, Bristol ... ... ... ... ... .. .. 13 
 
 12.) 
 
 13. i-THQRNTON Hall, Bucks .., ... ... ... . ... ... ... 13 
 
 14.j 
 
 ,g Iwest Shandon House, North Bank of the Gaveloch .., ... ... ... 14 
 
 H' vMansion, near Weybridge, Surrey .. ... ... .... ... ... 15 
 
 19. — Commercial Bank of Scotland, Glascjow ... ... ... ... ... ... 16 
 
 20. — Peel Institution, Accrington, Lancashire .. ... ... . . ... ... 17 
 
 22 ["Water Works, Kotherham ... ... ... ... , ... ... ... ... 17. 
 
 23. — Law Union Insurance Company's Office, Chancery Lane ... ... ... ... 18 
 
 24. — Scottish Equitable Life Assurance, Poultry .. ... ... ... ... ... 19 
 
 -Ig >- Messrs. "Smith's House, Strand AND Arundel Street ... ... ,.. ... 20 
 
EXECUTED EXAMPLES 
 
 OP 
 
 ECCLESIASTICAL AND DOMESTIC 
 
 STEUCTUEES. 
 
 ST. JOHN'S CATHEDRAL, SALFORD, 
 
 This Churcli Is cruciform, (the tipper arm of the 
 cross being devoted to the choir and chancel), with 
 ladye-chapel, chantries, and aisles. The whole of 
 this part, including four entire bays next to what 
 is called the east end of the church, has been walled 
 up from the nave for the last two years, at the point 
 where the rood screen should divide nave from choir, 
 with the object of completing the choir, and all the 
 internal work, of that end of the church. 
 
 The choir, from the place of the rood screen to 
 the high altar, filHng three bays, is enclosed by side 
 screens from the north and south aisles, with two 
 entrances thence. At the lower end it will, for 
 the present, be separated from the nave by the 
 carved oak seats of the choir. At the upper end 
 is the high altar and its rich central canopied 
 screen, with low;er screens flanking it. 
 
 The ladye-chapel has a private chantry on each 
 side, the Lee chantry on the north, being founded 
 by Daniel Lee, Esq., and the Leeming chantry, on 
 the south, by the family of the late John Leeming, 
 Esq, Each of these chantries has its altar and 
 reredos, its windows of richly stained glasSj and its 
 eanopied family tomb, 
 
 , The whole of the masonry is of the finest Caen 
 etone, with the exception of one altar frontal of the 
 purest Derbyshire alabaster, and the columns of 
 two ^mall arcades, which are fine specimens of 
 Devonshire porphyry. All the stone erections, 
 sculptures, and carving, as well as those in alabaster, 
 the carving of the oak seats for the choir, and the 
 fine groined roof have been executed by Messrsj_ 
 Lane & Lewis, Birmingham, 
 
 The architects are Messrs. Weightman, Had- 
 field, & Goldiej of Sheffield ; and we understand 
 that the designs, which have been so well carried 
 out by Messrs, Lane & Lewisj are due to the 
 
 genius of Mr. Goldie, and they certainly reflect 
 upon him the highest credit. To Mr. Goldie on 
 the one hand, and Messrs. Lane & Lewis on the 
 other, is due the credit of proving — ^in no elaborate 
 treatise like Buskin's, but in the tangible, material 
 work of their own design and execution — that we 
 need no longer sigh after the mediteval work, as 
 for glory departed never to return ; but may 
 confidently point to this 19th century work as 
 challenging comparison with most of that which 
 we have hitherto deemed unapproachable by 
 modem art. 
 
 Three plates accompany this description, viz., 
 1. Elevation, Plan, and Sectioi^ of Altar, and 
 R-eredos in the Leeming Chantry; 2. Elevation, 
 Plan, and Section of the Altar in the Lee Chantry ; 
 3. Plan, Elevation, and Section of Stalls in the 
 Choir; and we now proceed to notice the engravings 
 in their order : — 
 
 1. Elevation., Plan, and Section of Altar and 
 Heredos in the Leeming Chantry. — The chantry 
 is surrounded by a stone screen or parclose, the 
 base of which is soUd — 2 ft. 5 in. in height, above 
 this the screen is open. The screen on the side 
 next Our Ladye'sChapel contains thefounder's tomb ; 
 a picturesque composition, consisting of a low 
 ribbed arch, covering a flat tomb, on which is inlaid, 
 an elaborate brass, richly engraved and enamelled. 
 On the ribbon of brass along one side of the slab 
 is engraved, " Pray for the soul of John Leeming, 
 Esq., benefactor of this cathedral and founder of 
 this chantry, who died Sept. 9, 1847 — Jesu Mercy." 
 The other half of the ribbon is left blank to com- 
 memorate som» future occupant of the tomb ; 
 a small shield on the apex of the arch, and another 
 on the brass, are blazoned with the family arms — 
 ermine, a cross potent sable. The chantry altar 
 with its reredos against the east wall, consists 
 of an elaborate central niche, the canopy of which 
 
6 
 
 EXECUTED EXAMPLES OP 
 
 is crocketted, with a finial at the top, and has sub- 
 arcuated tracery, resting at the springing of the 
 arch on angels with out-spread wings. In the 
 niche is a fine patriarchal statue of St. Joseph, 
 standing on a pedestal, the capital of which is 
 foliated to represent hawthorn branches, deeply 
 undercut and almost detatched from the bell of the 
 cap around which they are entwined, and with 
 birds pecking at the fruit and flowers; on each 
 side of the centre are four niches in two compart- 
 ments, the compartments being again subdivided, 
 and the niches separated from each other by 
 pinnacled buttresses. These niches have gabled, 
 traceried, and crocketted canopies ; and contain 
 figures of angels, alternately bearing tapers and 
 scrolls; under each of the figures is an arched- 
 headed panel with cinquefoil tracery, and a diaper 
 scroll ornament on the ground of the panel ; over 
 the niches is a cornice enriched with the ball-flower 
 ornament, surmounted by metal work, and stands 
 for tapers, and at each end of the reredos is a 
 crocketted piojiacle. The front of the altar has a 
 beautifully-sculptured illustration of the death of 
 St.. Joseph,^ attended by our Blessed Lord and His 
 Mother, and a group of angels in the back ground* 
 The piscina, south of the altaXj is a little gem in 
 design and execution, the labels of the arch being- 
 terminated by angels bearing the typical grapes 
 and water bottle. 
 
 2. Elevation, Plan, and Section of the Altar in 
 ^e Lee Chantry.— TKis, chantry occupies the 
 eastern end of the north aisle of the choir;, and 
 iere again are enduring memorials of individual 
 Eberality.. 
 
 While,, in general character, the parcloses, the 
 altar and reredos,^ and the foimder's tomb, corre- 
 spond with; those of the Leeming Chantry, they all 
 difiier in details and general omamenitation ; and 
 the tomb differs also in position, not being in the 
 screen or pairclose between the ladye-chapel and 
 ehantry, but in the ojjter north wall of the chantry;, 
 AH their ornamentation is fiiU of origiaality of 
 design and of excellent workmanshipi The tomb is 
 an exquisite example of sculpture, and we may 
 questiout whether amy of our old cathedrals ccaold 
 produce examples of noddle gige work to surpass 
 the crockets and span.dril filings of this monuments. 
 It consists of a raking canopy, with crockets and 
 finial,. on which is thrcmed our Lewd, displaying his 
 wounds.. This canopy en-closes a cusped arch, 
 beneath which is an exceedingly elaborately en- 
 graved brass, of a totally different character, 
 however, from that in the Leeming Chantry. It is 
 ■what is technically termed a " cross brass," and is 
 
 apparently of the thirteenth or fourteenth century 
 style. It consists of a large floriated cross, each 
 arm terminating in a sort of trefoil, standing on a 
 calvaVy of six 3teps, and having suspended on its 
 stem a large square label, to receive the future 
 monumental mscription. In the large central 
 spandril of the arch of this tomb is a trefoil, 
 intersected by the triangle, the emblem of the 
 Trinity. Within this is a sculptured rose tree, 
 with roses amidst the foliage ; and suspended on 
 its branches is a shield, blazoning the arms of the 
 Lee family, — Argent, a fess sable, between three 
 crescents of the second. 
 
 A stringcourse along the north wall is interrupted 
 by the tomb, and the stringcourse terminals are 
 two angels looking up to our Lord on his throne of 
 glory, at the apex of the tomb. Within the canopy, 
 the spandrils of the cusps are fiUed with emblematic 
 carvings, including the rose— the passion-flower, 
 with birds — oak leaves and acorns, with a squirrel 
 in the foliage — the hawthorn, with birds — the vine, 
 with birds pecking at the grapes — and the ivy, with 
 its berries" and birds. The circtilar cusps are richly 
 carved, and the whole of these designs in flowers, 
 fruit, and foliage, are sculptured with great delicacy 
 and taste. 
 
 The altar and reredos, here engraved, are of 
 original and striking design. The reredos consists 
 of three arched-headed panels, enriched with the 
 ball-flower ornament, and in the panels are relievos 
 of the patron saint of the founder and his family. 
 The central arch represents the Virgin Mother 
 throned, with her arms extended; in one of the 
 outer arches is a relievo representing St. Patrick 
 training the youthful founder, who is kneeling 
 towards the Virgin ; in the other outer arch is a 
 representation of St. Catherine instructing the two 
 female members of the family ; above, are the two 
 monograms and emblems of these saints, enclosed 
 in quatrefoil panels ; and the whole Is surmoimted 
 by a cornice enriched with the ball-flower, the top 
 of which cornice is level with the bottom of the 
 cill of the east window. Below these arched panels 
 is a series of six smaller circular panels, enclosing 
 a deeply-sunken quatrefoil enriched with the square- 
 leaved ornament, and containing figures of angels 
 playing on various musical instruments. 
 
 The front of the altar has an arcade of five panels 
 -^the upper part trefoil headed, with foliage in the 
 spandrils— the lower part filled with diaper work. 
 
 3:. Flan, Ehvation, and Section of the Stalls in 
 the Choir. — These are twelve in number, and all of 
 oak, with a bench for the choir-boys in front, the 
 design of which consists of a series of arched-headed 
 
ECCLESIASTICAL AND DOMESTIC STRUCTURES. 
 
 panels, eacli divided Into three compartments, with 
 trefoil tracery, and under the seats a range of plain 
 square panels, stop-chamferred at the top, bottom, 
 and sides. 
 
 The front kneeling bench is divided into com- 
 partments, each compartment having tracery, and 
 separated by a small shaft from the adjoining 
 compartment. The canons' stalls are elaborately 
 carved at the ends and on the elbows with tracery 
 and knots of foliage, and at the ends of the stalls ; 
 very spirited and characteristic emblems of the 
 Evangelists are introduced in the panelling. The 
 misereres under these seats are also richly carved. 
 
 Besides the woodwork in the stalls, the roof of 
 the choir, and choir aisles, have been entirely 
 groined in wood, examples of which mode of con- 
 struction are to be found in various ancient churches 
 — Selby, for instance, whence this portion of the 
 fabric was originally copied. The bosses, at the 
 intersection of the ribs, are carved into various 
 representations according to the situations. Thus, 
 over the high altar they represent our Lord throned, 
 with the Evangelists about him; over the ladye- 
 chapel, angels bearing lilies ; elsewhere, St. John 
 writing his gospel, &c. The smaller bosses are 
 composed of rich foliage. These roofs have been 
 richly coloured, and decorated with elaborate 
 running patterns along the ribs, and the groins 
 filled with stars on an azure field. The vaulting 
 shafts, and the niches which terminate them, have 
 been likewise enriched with colours, as well as the 
 six statues they contain of the four doctors of the 
 church (SS. Gregory, Ambrose, Augustine, and 
 Jerome), and SS. George and Edward. These 
 six statues have been very richly adorned, after the 
 manner of the statues in Cologne Cathedral, and 
 though in themselves anything but works of art, 
 having been executed by other hands some years 
 ago, and now doubly heavy and devoid of expres- 
 sion when compared with the exquisite statuary In 
 the new reredos, &c., still have the effect of dis- 
 tributing the colouring of the windows and roofs. 
 The roof painting has been executed by Mr. H. T. 
 Buhner, of Sheffield. The colouring of the roofs 
 and windows is carried out by a judicious arrange- 
 ment of Minton & Co.'s mosaic tiles. 
 
 CATHEDRAL CHURCH, ^BALLAGHADREEN, 
 COUNTY MAYO, IRELAND. 
 
 This Church, of which a S.E. view accompanies 
 this description, is now being built from the designs 
 and imder the direction of Messrs. Weightman, 
 
 Hadfield, & Goldie, architects, of Sheffield, as the 
 cathedral church of the diocese of Achorry, pre- 
 sided over by the Right Rev. Dr. Durgan. It 
 was commenced some three or four years ago, and 
 after laying the basement course, the works were 
 suspended for some time, until they were recently 
 commenced under the direction of the above-named 
 architects. The proportions of the various parts 
 of the building Were already determined before 
 Messrs. Weightman commenced operations, and 
 consequent they have been considerably restricted 
 in carrying out their design. The plan consists 
 of a tower at the west end, nave, north and south 
 aisles, chancel, side chapels, and sacristy; the build- 
 ing, however, being without transepts, the general 
 character is rather that of a spacious parochial 
 church than of a cruciform cathedral. The period 
 of the style of architecture selected, considered as 
 combining economy with ecclesiastical character, 
 is that known as Early English (more properly, 
 perhaps, EIrst Pointed). Towards the east end of 
 the building, however, an approximation to Early 
 Geometrical Decorated (or Middle Pointed) is ob- 
 servable. In the tower the buttresses are carried 
 up to the under side of the string course under the 
 belfry stage, and between these buttresses is a 
 continuous arcading, pierced at intervals for light. 
 The belfry stage consists of three deeply-recessed 
 connected openings on each side, with shafts in the 
 jambs ; all these openings are filled with louvre 
 boarding. At the base of the spire, on each of the 
 cardinal faces, is a spire light of a single opening, 
 gabled; and on the diagonal faces, which are canted 
 down to the springing of the arches of the belfry 
 windows, are pinnacles. The clerestory consists of 
 nine bays, in each of which is a two-Hght window 
 and chamf erred buttresses. The aisles of the nave 
 have coupled lancet windows, with a buttress to 
 each bay. The south front of the sacristy has 
 two two-hght lancet windows connected by the 
 hood-mould, over which is a circular window with 
 sex-foil tracery, and a gabled bell turret. The east 
 front of the side chapels has a triplet window under 
 a recessed arch, with shafts In the jambs. The 
 south window of the chancel is two light, with 
 geometrical tracery. The east front consists of a 
 large and well-proportioned window of six lights, 
 sub-arcuated in the head, the upper part of which 
 is a circle enclosing seven smaller circles. The 
 east window is flanked by two recta,ngular but- 
 tresses, retimied on the north and south sides of 
 the chancel, and under the string course below the 
 window are three smaller buttresses. The nave 
 and chancel gables, and the east gable of the side 
 
8 
 
 EXECUTED EXAMPLES OF 
 
 chapels are surmounted by rich gable crosses, and 
 an ornamental tile cresting runs along the ridge of 
 the roofs of nave and chancel. The columns in the 
 interior of the church are circular, banded, and 
 supporting on their caps the groin-shafts of the 
 roof, which is formed of a combination of panelled 
 wagon-headed ceiling and groining. The total 
 dimensions of the church are — ^length, 168 feet ; 
 width, 59 feet. The entire masons' work is being 
 executed in blue limestone, from quarries on the 
 estate of Lord Dillon, the lord of manor, who 
 generously presented the site for the edifice. The 
 contractors are Messrs. Doolin, Westland Row, 
 DubUn, 
 
 ST. PETER'S CHURCH, SCARBOROUGH. 
 
 The want of accommodation for the resident 
 Koman Catholics and numerous visitors at this 
 fashionable watering place has been long felt, and 
 it was therefore resolved to erect a new church (the 
 former building having been used as a chapel), of 
 which a view is here given. The site, upon a rapid 
 decline, and on too narrow a piece of land to enable 
 the plan to be reversed, has offered considerable 
 difficulty to the architects ; resulting, however, in 
 a gain of picturesque effect. The plan, as will be 
 seen by the engraving, consists of a S. W. tower — • 
 nave, with clerestory and aisles — apsidal chancel, 
 with lateral chapels — ^baptistery, and sacristy. The 
 period of the Poiated style that has been adopted^ 
 Is the Geometrical Decorated, verging upon the 
 Flowing Decorated ; but there is throughout an 
 evident desire to attain to originality, as opposed 
 to servile copying, without however rejecting the 
 eloquent teaching of the mediaeval church architects; 
 The windows of the aisles are three-light, traceried 
 in the heads, with buttresses between, except in 
 one of the bays where a projection ranges nearly 
 with the front of the buttress. At the east end of 
 the aisle the head of the buttress forms a niche, in 
 which is a statue, with a canopy and pinnacle over. 
 The clerestory of the nave and chancel has a 
 range of two-Ught windows ; those in the chancel 
 bemg longer and larger than the others, in conse- 
 quence of their being the only light m that part of 
 the building : the end of the chancel westward is 
 defined by a buttress on the line of the clerestory. 
 The most remarkable feature is the " blind" apse^ 
 in which an effort has been made to avoid the great 
 objection to the overflowing flood of light which 
 proceeds from an eastern window and utterly 
 
 destroys the effect of any sculpture or reredos that 
 may be beneath it. In this case, the two clerestory 
 windows on each side will afford abundant light, 
 leaving the walls of the apse free for frescoes or 
 sculpture. The exterior is " veiled" with a trefoUed- 
 headed arcade of five compartments on each side o£ 
 the apse — the arches supported by detached shafts, 
 the " motif" of which has been adapted from the 
 Lombard arcadings of the_ Rhenish apses : imder 
 the centre of each arcade is a buttress, with a 
 canopied niche enclosing statues; and at each angle 
 of the apse is a larger buttress. The chapel, on 
 the north side of the chancel, has a three-Ught 
 window, the head of which is filled with tracery on 
 the east front ; and two small single-light windows 
 pn the north side. 
 
 The tower (which is not Included In the present 
 contract, above the level of the nave walls) is 
 treated with considerable novelty, and is adapted 
 to resist the sweeping winds to which the building 
 win be of necessity exposed from its elevated 
 position. The belfry stage consists of a four-light 
 window, traceried in the head on each face, the 
 string round the tower being carried as a gable 
 over the windows. There are rectangular buttresses 
 at the angles, and over the windows a corbel table, 
 supporting the eaves of the roof, which consists of 
 a short spire, banded at intervals, with a spire light 
 gabled and buttressed on each face of the spire at 
 its base, and a vane. The roof has an ornamental 
 metal cresting as far as the end of the chancel west- 
 ward, beyond which there are plain crest tiles along 
 lie ridge of the roof. The contract was taken, after 
 a spirited competition, by Mr. FaUdnbridge, of 
 Whitby, for the amount of £3,350 for the fabric, 
 exclusive of aU fittings, and the upper portion of 
 the tower, as mentioned above. The whole of the 
 ashlar and wall stone are from quarries in the 
 neighbourhood of Whitby. The walls are lined 
 throughout with brick, having a two-inch cavity. 
 Messrs. Weightman, Hadfield, & Goldle, of Shef- 
 field, are the architects. 
 
 CHURCH OP ST. PHILIP THE EVANGELIST, 
 ARLINGTON SQUARE, ISLINGTON. 
 
 This structure, the subject of the accompanying 
 engraving, is in the Anglo-Norman style of the 
 twelfth century, and is constructed of Kentish rag- 
 stone In random walling, and Bath stone dressings, 
 and contains accommodation for 1,064, chiefly on the 
 ground floor. The ancient basilica! form has been 
 
ECCLESIASTICAL AND DOMESTIC STRUCTURES. 
 
 9,dopted, with certain modifications, to render It suit- 
 able for a modem church. The plan consists of nave, 
 aisles, and transepts, with a semi-circular apse for the 
 altar at the eastern end of the nave. The pecu- 
 liarities of this building wiU be seen to consist of 
 great solidity and masslveness of outline, with a 
 prevalence of horizontal rather than vertical lines, 
 and a great variety of surface carving, for which 
 Anglo-Norman work, in Its final development, was 
 so remarkable. 
 
 The tower Is a low square structure, at the N. W. 
 angle of the west front. It has broad flat rec- 
 tangular buttresses, with small shafts at the angles, 
 and is two stages in height above the ground floor. 
 A deeply-recessed arch with the chevron, saw-tooth, 
 and beaded enrichments, supported on plain and 
 ornamented jamb shafts, forms the north-western 
 entrance to the church. On the west side of the 
 tower, on the ground floor, are two single-light 
 coupled openings, with smaller windows under them, 
 surmounted by a circle in the head of the arch, — 
 over this is an ornamented stringcourse, and on the 
 first stage, on the north and west sides of the tower 
 
 - is a single-light window, the jambs and head of 
 which have the chevron ornament in them. The 
 upper stage contains the belfry windows,, which are 
 alike on the north and west sides, and consist of 
 the usual Norman type of a. single outer arch to 
 each window, enclosing two smaller windows 
 coupled by a detached shaft, with louvre-boarding 
 in the openings. A semi-circular-headed arcadmg, 
 pierced, forms the parapet, and is continued round 
 the circular pinnacle shafts terminating the but- 
 tresses, and which are covered with a carved conical 
 capping; a low pyramidal roof of timber, sur- 
 mounted by a vane, finishes the tower. 
 
 The arrangement of the west front consists of a 
 deeply-recessed doorway ; the arch elaborately en- 
 riched with the chevron, tooth and beaded ornaments, 
 and supported on twisted cables and plain shafts, 
 with carved capitals and moulded bases ; over the 
 doorway are three single-light windows with en- 
 riched heads, and plain jamb shafts,, connected by 
 their hood-moulds, and in the gable, the coping o£ 
 which is stepped, and has a stone cross at the apex, 
 is a wheel window In eight compartments ; at the 
 south-west angle of the west front Is a broad and 
 flat rectangular buttress ; a small stone turned is 
 attached to the west end of the south afsle; the 
 
 ^^ lower stage is square, with a circular-headed carved 
 .and enriched doorway ; the upper part is broached 
 into a circular form, and surmounted by a conical 
 and carved stone roof. The aisles of the nave are 
 divided externally into five compartments, by broad 
 
 flat buttresses with small shafts at the angles ; and 
 in each compartment are two single-light windows 
 coupled — over these windows is a corbel table 
 between the buttresses ; and the aisles as well as 
 the transepts have an eaves roof and eaves cornice, 
 with blocks. Small circular windows also light the 
 clerestory, which are not visible in the view. 
 
 At the end of the north transept is a large door- 
 way, similar In character to the others, and over It 
 are two single-light windows coupled, and a circular 
 window in the gable. The gable is stepped and 
 surmounted by a cross at the apex. The transepts 
 have rectangular buttresses, corresponding In design 
 with the others. The apse contains five windows 
 of equal size, and the coved roof to the same is 
 covered with lead — the roofs of the nave and aisle 
 with pale green Westmoreland slates and ridges, 
 and ornamental crest-tiles of corresponding colour. 
 
 It is in the interior, however, that the more 
 important features of the style are seen to advan- 
 tage. There Is a sombre grandeur and repose 
 pervading the imbroken line of nave with its 
 arched timber roof, terminating with the deeply- 
 recessed and elaborately carved circular chancel 
 arch. A long range of circular piers divide the 
 aisles and transepts from the nave, which with 
 their semi-circular arches and characteristic saw- 
 tooth ornaments, and the subordinate arches of 
 connection at the transepts, which spring from 
 boldly carved corbels, produce an exceedingly good 
 efiect. Open arcade work encloses a position for 
 the organ, and corresponding blank arcades the 
 vestry, at the end of the north and south aisles. A 
 dwarf stone screen forms the communion rail, open 
 sA the ends ; it is composed of a series of small 
 columns, supporting interlaced arches. The pulpit, 
 abo, Is of stone, circular in form, and Is placed 
 upon a massive- square stone base ; it consists of 
 blank arcade work, with the twisted cable and other 
 effectually carved mouldings. The font Is square, 
 of massive character, upon a raised dais, and sup- 
 ported by a large central and four smaller shafts, 
 with carved caps, cable mouldings, and beaded 
 enrichments ; it occupies the south side of nave, at 
 the western entrance into the church. The read- 
 ing desk, stalls in chancel, and the roof timbers, 
 are all stained dark oak colour. A western 
 gallery provides accommodation principally for 
 children, without breaking in upon the main lines 
 of the structure^ or Injurious to the general effect. 
 The gas fittings by which the church is lighted are 
 iron- coronsB, suitable in character, and embellished 
 with colour and gilding, suspended from the roof. 
 The warming Is effected by six of " Tozer's ven- 
 
 B 
 
10 
 
 EXECUTED EXAMPLES OP 
 
 tilatlng gas stoves. The paving of the gangways 
 generally is of red and grey Staffordshire tiling. 
 The chancel is laid with Minton's encaustic tiles, in 
 lozenge compartments ; and the apse with blue 
 tiles of an interlaced pattern. The enclosure Is by a 
 dwarf wall and low horizontal iron rails, and gates 
 with ornamental standards. The entire outlay is 
 included in an amount of £5,000. It has been 
 executed from the designs and under the direction 
 of Mr. A. D. Gough, architect, of Lancaster Place, 
 by Messrs. Dove Brothers, contractors, of Islington. 
 
 It Is intended, we believe, to complete the deslguj 
 as represented in oxir plate, by the erection of a 
 parsonage on the south side of the church, in 
 Arlington Square, and a complete set of school 
 buildings for boys, girls, and Infants. We hope 
 this intention will be be fulfilled. 
 
 The incumbent is the Rev. James SuAer- 
 land, B.A., formerly senior curate of the parish 
 church. 
 
 TRINITY PEESBYTEKIAN CHURCH, BEAUVOIR 
 TOWN, KINGSLAND. 
 
 The engraving here given, Is a S.W. view of 
 Trinity Presbyterian Church, now erecting at the 
 junction of the Southgate and Church roads, on the 
 De Beauvoir estate, Kingsland, for the'congregation 
 of London Wall, the oldest Presbyterian congre- 
 gation In England, and believed to be coeval with 
 the establishment of the Presbyterian form of 
 church government in Scotland. 
 
 The new building exhibits In a marked and de* 
 olsive way, the advance of a better and sounder 
 feeling In matters connected with architectural taste 
 and propriety, a feature which we may fairly hope is 
 characteristic of our own times, and Is shared in a 
 greater or less degree by all, even by those among 
 the Dissenting community whose stricter views had 
 been previously opposed to these "architectural 
 Innovations." The style adopted is Pointed, of the 
 Geometrical Decorated period, and the design con- 
 sists of a nave with clerestory, north and south 
 aisles, and S. W. tower. The western entrance 
 has two doors under one arched head, connected by 
 central shafts, the solid tympanum over the door- 
 ways being filled with ornamental sculpture; the 
 stringcourse over the doorway Is continued round 
 the buttresses and tower. Over the entrance Is 
 a large five-light window, the head filled with 
 geometrical tracery. The north aisle of the nave is 
 flush with the west front of the nave and has three 
 
 single-light windows with tracery in the heads. 
 The tower has rectangular buttresses in three 
 stages, the whole height ; on the west front, at the 
 level of the ground-floor, are two single-light 
 windows, and on the south side an archway serving 
 for a porch, between the buttresses, but not pro- 
 jecting beyond them, surmounted by a gable. 
 Above the first stringcourse on the west front is 
 a single-light window, and on the south side a 
 two-light window with a circle filled with tracery 
 between the two openings. The belfry stage has 
 three single-light windows connected by their hood- 
 moulds on each face of the tower. The spire has no 
 broach, but Is canted up from the square form 
 below to the octagon above. At the junction of 
 the square and the octagon are gablets, with tre- 
 folled arches, supported at the angle by a detached 
 shaft with cap and base. There Is only one tier of 
 lights on the cardinal faces of the spire. At the 
 S. E. angle of the tower is an octagonal staircase 
 turret, surmounted by a splrelet, at the base of 
 which is a gabled cinqu'efoll-llght on each face of 
 the octagon. The windows of the clerestory and 
 the aisles are two-light, with straight-sided arched 
 heads, filled with tracery. Part of the clerestory 
 is higher than the rest, forming a kind of transept, 
 and has a gable In which Is a large wheel-windowi 
 At the east end of the nave are octagon turrets 
 with pinnacles. The western gable only has a 
 cross. On the whole, although some parts are 
 suggestive of studies from ancient -examples, there 
 is a freshness about many of the details of the 
 design which is deserving of attention. The ac- 
 commodation Is for 600 worshippers on the ground- 
 floor; galleries, we are glad to find, not being con- 
 templated. The architect Is Mr. T. E. Knightley, 
 of Cannon-street, City ; and the contract has been 
 undertaken by Mr. Clarke, of Tottenham, foi* 
 £4,240. 
 
 It Is worthy of remark, that the London-wall 
 Church has long been famous, in consequence of 
 Fleming, Hunter, Lawson, Young, and many others 
 well known for their piety and worth, having been 
 among those who have preached there. 
 
 NEW CHAPEL, HARROW SCHOOL, MIDDLESEX. 
 
 Harrow village is well known as occupying one 
 of the loftiest spots in the county, and Its church 
 Bteeple Is a landmark for miles around. Closely 
 adjoming are tLe buildings devoted to the school 
 
ECCLESIASTICAL AND DOMESTIC STBUCTUEES. 
 
 11 
 
 which ha3 rendered the plac(3 so eminent, and just 
 across the road is its chapel, which in its renovated 
 form is becoming a marked featm-e in the landscape. 
 Though a comparatively modern erection in the 
 Tudor style, of red brick and Portland stone, seve- 
 ral circumstances combined to render important 
 alterations desirable, and eventually a new struc- 
 ture was determined on, entirely diflFering from its 
 predecessor as to style, form, materials, and ar- 
 rangements. Following several worthy examples in 
 testifying to the grateful memory of distinguished 
 men who have fallen in the late Kussian war, a por- 
 tion of the new edifice will be raised as a memorial 
 to such Harrovians as are included in the moumtul 
 list, and with that view a portion of the design has 
 been modified so as to allow of a distinct and 
 handsome aisle being formed on the south side) 
 which it is proposed to decorate in the window^ 
 and elsewhere in an appropriate manner. The 
 annual speech-day of the school, which fell upon 
 the 26th of June, 1856, was chosen for the laying 
 the first stone of this memorial aisle, and it was 
 performed by General Sir "William F. Williams 
 6f Kars, in the presence of the Premier, Lord John 
 Kussell, and a brilliant assemblage of visitors. Of 
 the chapel itself, the chancel and north aisle only 
 are at present completed ; but in its contemplated 
 plan it will embrace also a nave of five bays, the 
 new aisle, and a beU tvu-ret on the old site, forming 
 in its lower stage a lobby of commimication with 
 both. 
 
 The general dimensions of the Chapel are as 
 follows : — Total length, internally, about 96 feet, 
 of which the chancel occupies 37 feet ; width of 
 nave and chancel, 22 feet; north aisle, 11 feet 
 3 inches ; south aisle, 20 feet. Externally, the 
 walls of the nave and aisles are flush, broken only 
 by buttresses ; and both aisles will extend eastward 
 the full length of the nave. The walls are of 
 brick, faced with napped flint, with dressings of 
 Box ground stone. In the parapets and bandings 
 these materials are blended, and are used in lozenge 
 and other geometrical forms. In an -elaborated 
 carved niche over the north door, which is a 
 principal entrance, it is intended to place a statue 
 of the original founder of the school. There is no 
 derestory, and the whole of the roofs are covered 
 with Broseley tiles, the ridge being surmounted by 
 an ornamental metal cresting. It may here be 
 mentioned that the execution of the enrichments of 
 the external cornices is particularly good. The 
 ground has a rapid fall towards the east, that 
 elevation gaining thereby an altitude of from ten 
 to fifteen feet, and admitting, in consequence, of 
 
 the construction of a crypt under the apse, which 
 is cleverly groined over in brick. Each angle of 
 the exterior is well defined by a bold buttress, and 
 the divisions of the bays are similarly marked 
 along the aisle. The interior of the building is 
 lofty, being upwards of 30 feet from the floor to 
 the wall plate ; and the nave, as will be seen in 
 the annexed view, has an open wagon-headed roof,, 
 in a series of curved rafters, strengthened at inter- 
 vals by moulded and enriched tie beams, each tie 
 beam having an octagonal king post with foUated 
 cap and moulded base, and supported xmdemeath 
 at the ends by curved braces with pierced tracery 
 in the spandrils : a moulded ridge beam runs longi- 
 tudiaally throughout the chapel. The nave piers 
 are circular, the caps bein^ carved ; and the foliage 
 is very vigorously and efi'ectively treated. The 
 fittings of the nave (appropriated to the boys and 
 their masters only, the public being excluded) are 
 open and of a very simple but good design, similar 
 in character to those in the nave of Ely Cathedral, 
 and at St. Mary Magdalene, Munster Square,, 
 Regent's Park, London. The paving generally is 
 of Minton's tiles, partly encaustic. In the new 
 south aisle there is a series of three-light windows,, 
 the tracery in the heads of which difiers, and will, 
 ultimately be filled with stained glass. The roof 
 of the south aisle is in traceried square panels, but 
 the roof of the north aisle is plain. The roof of 
 the chancel is continuous in height with the roof of 
 the nave, and, like the south aisle roof, is divided 
 into square panels, picked out in gold and colours. 
 The chancel, independently of the apse, is in two 
 bays ; and the apsidal termination is polygonal, of 
 five spaces. The chancel arch has clustered shafts 
 in the jambs, with foliated caps and moulded bases. 
 The stalls in the chancel are of oak, handsomely 
 carved ; and the altar is raised on two steps and a 
 foot-pace. Two large coronse suspended from the 
 ceiling, and of good design, have been executed by 
 Potter, of South Molton Street. It is proposed to 
 fill the chancel windows with stained glass. In 
 carrying out the works already executed, viz.^ the 
 chancel and north aisle of the nave, with its 
 separating arcade and fittings, about £4,000 have 
 been expended : to complete what is contemplated 
 throughout, will require at least £4,000 more ; but 
 this, there is no doubt, will be forthcoming. The 
 architect is Mr. Gr. G. Scott, of London. The 
 builder, Mr. Woodbridge, of Harrow, who has 
 executed his contract very creditably. The stone 
 carving is by Mr. Jones ; and the ceiling of the 
 chancel, the decalogue, and other polychromatic 
 decorations, by Castell, of South Molton Street. 
 
 b2 
 
12 
 
 EXECUTED EXAMPLES OF 
 
 ST. MICHAEL'S CHURCH, CORNHILL. 
 
 EvEET Londoner will recollect that, till quite 
 recently, the only portion of St. Michael's Church 
 visible externally was the upper part of the tower, 
 which is allowed to be a noble conception in point 
 of outline, and in detail more consistent with the 
 style of Gothic which the architect imitated, than 
 iOiy other production of Sir Christopher Wren. 
 A year or two since the ground which intervened 
 between the Church and ComhiU, reverted again 
 to the parish, who then wisely resolved not to 
 repair any more the odd-looking inconvenient 
 buildings thereon, but to open to view the fiill height 
 of the steeple, and make a suitable entrance from 
 ComhiU in place of the former right of way 
 between the shops. This resolution is now being 
 carried practically into effect ; a most elaborate and 
 beautiful porch, of which we have given elevations 
 and a plan, having been commenced from the desig;n 
 of Messrs. G. G. Scott and W. A. Mason. 
 
 In the new porch recently added, of which the 
 elevations and plan are here given, although a 
 decidedly Gothic character is preserved, the Itahan 
 type of the style has been so far adopted that the 
 new work sufficiently harmonises with the old 
 tower so as to prevent any decided incongruity, 
 without, on the other hand, involving the necessity 
 of following in detail Wren's very imperfect con-, 
 ceptions of Gothic art. 
 
 The new porch is large and imposing in appear- 
 ance, and consists, towards the street, of a deeply 
 recessed doorway of three orders, supported by 
 red granite columns, the capitals, bases, and arch 
 mouldings of which are of the most elaborately 
 ornamental character ; ia the hoUow moulding 
 between the columns is introduced the first pointed 
 conventional leaf ornament. The innermost mem- 
 ber of the jamb consists of a flat pilaster, panelled, 
 with medallion heads at intervals. The arch is 
 obtuse, two-centred in form, and is highly enriched ; 
 two of the faces are similar in ornament to the 
 innermost member of the jamb, whereby a some- 
 what Itahanized character is given to the general 
 composition. The solid tympanum of the arch 
 contains, within a Vesica Piscis, a sculptured figure 
 of our Blessed Lord, in the act of benediction, with 
 an angel on each side, kneeling. The door of the 
 porch is divided into square panels. Li the gable 
 over the arch is a sculptured representation of 
 St. Michael, the patron saint of the church, over- 
 throwing the dragon ; the gallery surmounted 
 by a cross, and an open parapet with columns and 
 
 trefoil-headed arches is continued along the front 
 and side of the porch. The doorway is flanked by 
 a pedimented buttress, returned on the side of the 
 porch, with small columns at the angles. The side 
 elevation preserves the main horizontal lines of the 
 front, and is divided into two heights, the lower 
 one containing the projecting staircase down to a 
 vault — the upper one a coupled arcade, trefoil-i 
 headed, with a continuous label ; in one of the 
 compartments of which is a small trefoil-headed 
 window, to give light to the interior of the porch. 
 The accompanying plate explains the general 
 arrangement, and it wiU be observed that the 
 interior is to be groined. The circular staircase to 
 the left of the entrance leads up to the roof. The con-i 
 tractors for the general masonry were Messrs. James 
 Browne & Co., of CoUege-hiQ; the outlay being 
 about£2,500,including the carving and enrichments. 
 
 STOKE SCHOOLS. 
 
 These schools are situated near Guildford, and 
 are built of Bargate stone, which is analogous to, 
 and worked the same as Kentish rag, and is found- 
 near Godabning ; the dressings, water tables, &c., 
 being of the best local bricks. The schools are 
 arranged on the Government system, and are con- 
 structed to accommodate 326 children. The plan 
 consists of a girls and boys' school, each 65 feet 
 by 18 feet, and 25 feet 6 inches high to the ridge, 
 the roof being open to the timbers. The school 
 rooms are separated by a 9-inch wall, with a door 
 of commimication between, and are each provided 
 with a class room leading out of the school room. 
 At the ends of the buildings are the boys and girls' 
 entrances, each having acconunodation for caps, 
 bonnets and cloaks, and conveniences for wsfch- 
 ing, &c. Adjoining the girls' entrance is the 
 master and matron's residence, consisting on the 
 ground floor, of sitting room and kitchen, with 
 staircase between ; and beyond, a scullery, pantry, 
 place for coals, and water closet ; on the first floor, 
 three bed rooms. In the centre of the principal 
 front is a projection containing the clock, and sur- 
 mounted by a bell gable, flanked by the two class 
 rooms, both gabled, with a small single light in 
 each gable, and a three-light square-headed and 
 transomed window under, lighting the class rooms. 
 On each side of this projecting building are two 
 gables, each with a small single light, and a four- 
 light square-headed and transomed window under 
 and between them a projecting chimney stack of 
 
ECCLESIASTICAL AND DOMESTIC STRUCTURES. 
 
 13 
 
 two shafts, chamferred at the angles, with moulded 
 caps. The entrances to the boys and girla' schools 
 are segmental-headed, and over the girls' entrance 
 is a two-light window lighting one of the bed 
 rooms In the master and matron's residence. The 
 sitting room has a plain bay window of three lights 
 in the front, and one light In each of the diagonal 
 faces, over which is a three-light square-headed 
 window, and a small single Hght in the gable. The 
 lanterns on the roof are for the purpose of ventila- 
 tion to the schools. The contract, including fittings, 
 entrance gates, approach road, fences, &c., was 
 £1,296 12s., for which sum they have been exe- 
 cuted by Mr. W. Swayne, builder, Guildford, under 
 the direction of Mr. Thomas Goodchild, architect, 
 of Guildford. 
 
 WESLEYAN DAY SCHOOLS, BRISTOL. 
 
 The want of Day Schools for the members of 
 the Wesleyan denomination having been much felt 
 in Bristol, the building, of which the accompanying 
 engraving gives the front elevation, is intended to 
 be erected, to supply that need, near North-street, 
 and wiU afford accommodation for upwards of 500 
 children of the poorer classes on the Glasgow train- 
 ing system. The design has been submitted to and 
 received the approval of the Committee of Council 
 on Education, and of the Wesleyan Educational 
 Committee. 
 
 The front here shown has a projecting wing at 
 each end, in one of which is the entrance to the 
 Infant School, in the other the entrance to the 
 Boys and Girls' Schools. In the upper floor, over 
 the Infants' entrance, is a five-light segmental- 
 headed window, transomed, with ordinary per- 
 pendicular cinquefoil tracery. The lights below 
 the transom have plain four-centred arched heads. 
 In the opposite wing are two segmental-headed 
 two-light windows, the tracery of which is similar 
 to that of the window in the other whig. These 
 windows have each two transoms, possibly a ca- 
 price of the architect, and which, in our opinion, is 
 not particularly satisfactory. The doorways in 
 both wings are segmental, with hood-moulds. In 
 the gable of one of the wings is a small square-^ 
 headed window, in the other a quatrefoil opening, 
 over which, at the apex of the gable, is an orna- 
 mental metal vane ; the other gable has a plain 
 hip-knob. The arrangement of the lower buildings 
 to the left of the engraving is good and well 
 contrived for picturesqueness of effect. There is 
 
 perhaps some little incongruity of style in the 
 treatment of the wings, as compared with the 
 centre, but the tout ensemble is nevertheless effective 
 and characteristic. 
 
 The centre has two buttresses of two stages, and 
 on the upper floor three four-light square-headed 
 windows with transoms. The heads of the lights 
 have four centred pomted arches without tracery. 
 The windows of the ground floor are four-light and 
 square-headed, without tracery, and transomed. 
 
 The walls are intended to be of pennant stone 
 with freestone dressings; and the roof, in which 
 are three ornamental dormer windows, and, higher 
 up, a range of triangular openings, intended, we 
 presume, for the purpose of ventilation, will be 
 covered with ornamental tiles. An ornamental 
 louvre or lantern is set diagonally on the ridge of 
 the roof. The height of the ground story is 14 feet, 
 and the upper story is 16 feet high to the wall- 
 plate and 28 feet high to the ceiling joists, the 
 room being ceiled at the level of the collar beam. 
 The whole of the walls are plastered internally. 
 An extensive play-ground in front of the schools 
 will be provided with swings and various appliances 
 for gymnastic sports, and covered play-sheds will 
 be erected at either end for boys and ^Is respec- 
 tively. 
 
 The cost of the building, exclusive of boundaries, 
 play-sheds, &c., will be about £2,500. The archi- 
 tects are Messrs. Foster and Wood, of Bristol. 
 
 THORNTON HALL, BUCKS. 
 
 Thoenton is a small village about four miles 
 from Buckingham. It was surveyed in the 
 Doomsday Booh as belonging to one Koger de 
 Iveri, and in the reign of Henry III. it was for 
 a short time in the possession of the Duke of 
 Cornwall, the king's brother. In 1519 it passed 
 into the hands of a branch of the Tyrrill's, of the 
 ancient family of that name, of South Ockingdon, 
 in Essex, and they retained it till the early part of 
 the present century. It is now the seat of the 
 Hon. Richard Cavendish. 
 
 According to Browne Willis, from whose History 
 of Buckinghamshire this short sketch is taken, the 
 seat, as it stood in his time, was of great antiquity 
 — viz., about 500 years ; it was a large house 
 quadrangled round, and had several spacious 
 rooms in It and a noble gallery — the length of 
 which, being one side of the house,, was no less 
 than 135 feet. Since the time of Browne Willis^, 
 
14 
 
 EXECUTED EXAMPLES OF 
 
 however, considerable alterations must have been 
 made which have lessened its size very much. 
 
 The accompanying illustrations comprise a 
 ground-plan of the entire building, a view of the 
 principal front, shewing the additions and altera- 
 tions that have recently been made, from the 
 designs and under the superintendence of Mr. John 
 Tarring, architect, and an Interior view of the 
 dining hall restored. 
 
 The wing at the left of the exterior view, and 
 the front of the main building are entirely new. 
 The front consists of a centre porch and slightly 
 projecting wings. The centre Is flanked by octa- 
 gon turrets, surmounted by pinnacles ; the wings 
 have three-light windows, which on the ground 
 floor have transoms ; the remaining windows are 
 two-light, and the ground floor windows are all 
 transomed. The tower has been raised, and the 
 large windows of the dining hall restored, as 
 shown to the right of the tower, the lower part of 
 which appears to be of about the same date as the 
 dining hall, perhaps somewlfet older^ The tower 
 Is battlemented, and at one angle a staircase turret 
 rises above the level of the roof; this turret is 
 also battlemented, and has a flagstaff. The build- 
 ing has a parapet throughout, and the ridge of the 
 roof is finished with an ornamental tQe cresting. 
 The chimney stacks are for the most part arranged 
 In groups of four shafts to each stack. The style 
 adopted in the new buildings is of the Tudo? 
 period. 
 
 Over the dining haU is a fine old oak roof of 
 the fifteenth century, which was concealed first by 
 a circular, and then by a flat ceiling hung up to 
 the principal timbers ; In the course of the altera- 
 tions these ceilings were taken down, and the old 
 roof exposed to view ; a great deal of injury had 
 been done to It in the cutting away for and sup- 
 porting the ceilings, but by inserting new timbers 
 where necessary it has been completely restored ; 
 in fact, to such an extent had the work of modem 
 " improvement" been carried, that it was thought 
 impossible to effect restoration, and sentence was 
 given for its total destruction. The architect, 
 however, having made a careful examination, and 
 reported in favour of restoration, it was imme- 
 diately adopted, and the old roof remains a noble 
 relic of the ancient hall» An entirely new roof 
 has been constructed over the old oak one, so that 
 the latter forms the ceiling only ; by this arrange- 
 ment it is preserved from further decay, and the 
 warmth of the hall is greatly promoted. 
 
 During the progress of the alterations the ar- 
 chitect was induced to examine what had been 
 
 Considered a wall, at the west end of the dining 
 hall, and on the removal of some of the plaster, 
 it was found that the original oak screen was con- 
 cealed by it; the screen had received much damage, 
 but as. the most important parts still remained, 
 including the whole of the tracery heads of the 
 panels, a complete restoration has been enabled to 
 be effected. 
 
 In the ground-plan, those walls filled In black 
 show the extent of the new buidings ; the wing at 
 the left is an entire addition. The buildings had, 
 however, evidently extended in that direction, as 
 remains of the foundations were discovered in. 
 forming those of the new buildings. The line of 
 the old part, forming the principal front, is indi- 
 cated by the dotted lines, by which It wiU be seen, 
 that this part of the Hall, as it existed before the 
 recent alterations, was not uniform with the other 
 old parts. It is difficult to accoimt for such a de- 
 viation from the usual practice, of keeping the 
 several parts or right angles with each other; there 
 was nothing In the site to interpose any obstacle 
 to such an arrangement. It may be remaxked, 
 however, that the architecture of this part was of a 
 much later date than that of the dining-hall ; it is 
 therefore probable that it had been rebuilt, and that 
 the irreg^arity In the plan was made at that tlme» 
 
 The whole frontage, including the wing, is 226 
 feet; the grounds are very picturesquely diversified 
 in their arrangement. 
 
 WEST SHA^^DON, THE PROPERTY OF 
 ROBERT NAPIER, ESQ. 
 
 This mansion built from the designs of Mr. J. 
 T. Eochead, architect, of Glasgow, represented by 
 two plates. Is situated in a most delightfully 
 picturesque locality on the north bank of the 
 Gaveloch (an arm of the Frith of Clyde), and is 
 surrounded by magnificent plantations of fir and 
 copsewood. The style in which it is erected is an 
 admixture of Gothic, Tudor, and Elizabethan, and 
 the material employed is the finest freestone, from 
 Kenmure quarry, in the vicinity of Glasgow. The 
 masonry is in slx-iach course work, with polished 
 relieved angles, stringcourses, mullions, cornices, 
 and other dressings. Externally the architecture 
 of the building partakes considerably of the varied, 
 and picturesque character peculiar to the best and , 
 most effective original examples of the style. The 
 elevation towards Gaveloch, of which, with the 
 entrance front, illustration is here given, consista 
 of a projecting centre and wings. The centre has 
 
ECCLESIASTICAL AND DOMESTIC STEUCTURES. 
 
 15 
 
 on the ground floor a four-centred three-light 
 Avindow filled with perpendicular tracery; over It 
 Is an oriel window, the front face of which has a 
 traceried two-light, the diagonal faces a single-light 
 window. The corhelling of the oriel is Ingeniously 
 managed so as to avoid interference with the 
 window below. The gable over the oriel has the 
 fancifully curved outline peculiar to the Elizabethan 
 period, and is flanked by two octagonal pinnacles. 
 In the gable is a panel, enclosing a shield, with a 
 motto-ribbon underneath. Between the centre and 
 the wings are square-headed and transomed three- 
 light windows without tracery, the parapet over 
 which is broken by curved gablets. The wings 
 consist of a bay window, carried up both stories, 
 having a three-light square-headed and transomed 
 window on the front face, and a single-light of 
 similar kind on the diagonal faces. The bay 
 windows are corbelled to form the gables above 
 in the characteristic mode adopted in the Eliza- 
 bethan period. The gables of the wings have a 
 curved outline, similar in treatment, but more 
 broken, to that over the centre, and in each gable 
 is a small three-light window. The square turret 
 to the left of the engraving, rises considerably 
 above the level of the roof; it is machicolated 
 and parapeted with turrets, battlemented at the 
 angles, and is surmoimted by a flag-stafi". The 
 ofiices beyond are simple, but effective ; and 
 the projection consisting of a four-centred arch 
 below, gathered over into a chinmey stack of two 
 octagonal shafts with moulded caps and bases 
 above, possesses much architectural character, and 
 imparts a distinct feature to the elevation. In the 
 entrance front the principal feature is the large 
 square tower, about 90 feet high. On the ground 
 floor is a four-light segmental-headed traceried 
 window, above which is an oriel of two stories, 
 with traceried two-light openings in the front, and 
 single-light openings in the diagonal faces ; above 
 is a square-headed and transomed four-light window 
 without tracery. The roof of the tower has a bold 
 ashlar parapet, with turrets, set diagonally on the 
 tower and corbelled from the angles ; each turret 
 has a small opening on each face, and has an 
 ogee-curved covering of copper surmounted by 
 ornamental pinnacles and vanes. An octagonal 
 staircase turret rises above the roof at one angle 
 of the tower ; this turret has a small square-headed 
 opening on each face at the top and is circular 
 inside, ^id the walls of sohd stone clear polished 
 to the top of the newel. The external covering of 
 the turret is similar to the others. The angular 
 turrets are mostly ornamented at the lower part. 
 
 or springing corbel stone, with gurgoyles. The 
 entrance doorway consists of a moulded jamb and 
 four-centred head, with panelled spandrils and 
 square-headed label over : the door itself Is only 
 to the height of the springing of the arch, where it 
 is battlemented ; it has (Jmamental hinges and key- 
 plate. The rest of this front is plainer than the 
 other, but the outline is well subdivided and 
 diversified. None of the windows have tracery, but 
 are square-headed, with transoms. 
 
 MANSION OP CHARLES BUXTON, ESQ^ 
 NEAR WEYBEICaE, SURREY. 
 
 The building exhibited in the accompanying 
 engravings, is a modem adaptation of the style of 
 the old manor-house. The principal peculiarity of 
 the design is that aU the exterior moulded and 
 ornamental work is executed in red brick. It is 
 well known that a serious objection to the adoption 
 of this material is the difficulty of obtaining straight 
 horizontal and vertical lines — but in this case the 
 difficulty has been endeavoured to be surmounted. 
 Some of the bricks for the angles of the bay 
 windows are as much as . 12 inches each way 
 on the section, and 18 inches high. The south 
 front consists of two stepped gables, each having 
 a bay window of two stories in height, with 
 a quatrefoil band of panelling between the two, and 
 at the top a quatrefoil panelled parapet. — each bay 
 window has five sides, in three of which is a single- 
 light two-centred opening ; over the bay windows 
 in the gables is a two-centered single-light window, 
 and higher up a quatrefoil sunk paneL Between 
 the gables is a large three-Hght two-centred 
 segmental-headed open arcade, without tracery, 
 except in the spandrils between the lights where a 
 trefoil is introduced, and a label over the window ; 
 over this window is a slightly-projecting oriel, and 
 in the roof a dormer window of two lights, with a 
 barge-boarded gable. The chimney shafts are oc- 
 tagonal, with moulded bases and battlemented 
 moulded cups, and the roof has an ornamental tUe- 
 cresting along the ridge- The offices consist of 
 two stepped gables similar to the main house. 
 Two two-light windows coupled, with labels over 
 them exist under each gable on the upper front, 
 and under them, on the ground floor, are a three- 
 light and a two-light square-headed window, with 
 four centred heads, and labels over them. At the 
 left hand of the engraving is seen the side elevation 
 
16 
 
 EXECUTED EXAMPLES OP 
 
 of the porch, having a two-light square-headed 
 window, with four centered arched-headed openings. 
 
 The phin includes the usual accommodation for 
 a residence of this class. It is intended to dispense 
 with painting in the interior. All the joiners' work 
 is to be of picked clean deal, sized and varnished, 
 
 A pecuharlty is introduced on the south side of 
 the house, consisting of the open arcade (described 
 in detail above), communicating with the two 
 principal rooms and staircase, and commanding 
 extensive views. This wQl have a parquetry floor, 
 and the walls will be lined with encaustic tiles, 
 above an ornamental doorway of moulded brick. 
 As an example of moulded brickwork it does great 
 credit to the brickmaker, Mr. Luff, and also to 
 Mr. Saunders, the contactor, for the manner in 
 which it is executed. 
 
 The architect is Mr. Frederick Barnes, of Ipswich. 
 
 CQMJVIEECIAL BANK OF SCOTLAND, 
 GLASGOW. 
 
 The buUding of which an elevation is here given 
 is intended as a place of business for the Commercial 
 Bank of Scotland. It is in the modem Italian 
 style, and has been vigorously and diaracteristically 
 treated by the architect. The fa9ade, which is 
 mthout projections, is divided into three compart- 
 ments, the centre being the largest of the three; 
 and the compartments are divided by broad and 
 well-defined pilasters, the rustic work of which, as 
 indeed throughout the building, is vermiculated. 
 In the centre eenjgjartment,. on the ground floor, 
 are five arched Gf>eniags, the middle one forming 
 the entrance doorway, — the rest being- windawsi 
 The archivolts and piers oi these- openings are ajl 
 rusticated, and the imposts enriched with the 
 Etruscan scroll ornament. In the key-stones are 
 sculptured heads, and the- two. panels in the pilasters 
 dividing the centre from, the side compartments are 
 filled with sculptural groups in alto review,— the 
 one representing die^tamping, as emblematic of 
 the metallic curreney, and the other printing, to 
 represent the paper currency ; the combination of 
 the two being peculiar to the bamking system of 
 Scotland. The fig^ative embodiment of this idea 
 of the architeet's was entrusted ia the modelling to 
 Mr. Thomas, of London^ who also furnished the 
 models for the heads on the key-stones. The two 
 side compartments have each three arched openings 
 exactly similar in design and detail to those of the 
 centre compartment 
 
 On the first floor there are five windows in the 
 centre compartments over the arched openings 
 'below; the centre window has four Corinthian 
 pilasters, with pedestals and balusters under, and 
 circular pediment over, the tympanum of which is 
 filled with a sculptural allegorical representation of 
 Commerce, supported by Navigation and Locomo- 
 tion, as representing foreign and inland trade ; and 
 these figures are respectively supported by others 
 bearing fruit, com, bales of goods, &c. ; the whole 
 being composed with a view to the illustration of 
 -the objects of the building, and a satisfactory 
 filling up of the spaces. Each of the other windows 
 in the centre has two Corinthian pilasters with a 
 modyiion cornice over and pedestals and balusters 
 under. 
 
 In the side compartments the windows are 
 over the three arched openings below ; the centre 
 windows have four pilasters similar to the centre, 
 'with cLrcidar pediments over. The sculpture in the 
 tympanum of that to the left represents Glasgow 
 supported by Trade and Manufactures ; that to the 
 right (or to the east, as the building faces the 
 south) represents Edinburgh, supported by Art and 
 "Science. The sculpture in ^these, three pediments 
 was designed by the architect of the building. 
 The other windows on the first floor are exactly 
 similar to those of the centre compartment. The 
 second floor windows are aU alike, having simply 
 moulded architraves with shoulders at the four 
 angles; over these windows is a rich modiUion 
 cornice and frieze, the latter filled with circular 
 connected panels. The centre compartment has 
 a third or attic story, with nine arched-headed 
 windows separated by Corinthian columns, over 
 which is a very elaborate modiUion cornice. The 
 roof is covered with moulded Italian tiles, and at 
 tiie end of the centre, as welt as at the ends of the 
 building, are chimney shafts, with a moulded cornice 
 with modUlionsw The side compartments have a 
 balustrade but no attic story. 
 
 The interior arrangements contain all the re- 
 quisite accommodation for the business of the bank. 
 The centre door leads into the outer saloon, from 
 which enters the telling room, where the public 
 business of the bank will be carried on. This room 
 is upwards (rf 40 feet square, and lofty in propor- 
 tion, with a spacious cupola above, supported on a 
 wide circle of caryatides. The whole telling room 
 is richly decorated. The other rooms are to be 
 respectively^ appropriated to the manages and 
 other office bearers of the establishment, and there 
 are Large cash and book safes, with every modern 
 improvement for security, and an extensive fire- 
 
ECCLESIASTICAL AND DOMESTIC STRUCTURES. 
 
 17 
 
 proof librae for the books of the bank on the sunk 
 floor. 
 
 There are dwelling-houses on the upper floors 
 for three of the office bearers in the bank, entering 
 from the side doors; and the rest' of the apartments 
 at each end which remain unappropriated will be 
 let off for chambers. 
 
 The stone used is from Binney Quarry, near 
 Edinburgh. 
 
 The architect of the building is Mr. David 
 Ehind, of Edinburgh, the President of the Eoyal 
 Scottish Society of Arts, and the contractors for 
 the principal part of the work are Mr. David Rae 
 and Mr. John Shennan, of Edinburgh. 
 
 PEEL INSTITUTION, ACCEINGTON, 
 LANCASHIRE. 
 
 • The buildings represented in the accompanying 
 engraving, and erected from the designs and under 
 the superintendence of James Green, Esq., of 
 Portsmouth House, Todmorden, are to contain 
 accommodation for the Accrlngton Mechanics'. 
 Institute, consisting, on the ground story, of 
 entrance hall, 24 feet high; vestibule; staircase, 
 25 feet wide ; reading room, 32 feet by 25 feet ; 
 conunittee and class rooms ; and a small lecture 
 room, 45 feet by 26 feet. 
 
 On this story will also be provided a public 
 news-room, 48 feet by 18 feet, and suitable accom- 
 modation for the post-office. A dwelling-house, and 
 large cooking and refreshment rooms are provided 
 ast the back of a principal staircase, over which are 
 the resident's apartments and a subscription billiard 
 room. The principal story wiU be devoted entirely 
 to a large public hall or assembly room, 105 feet 
 long, 45 feet wide, and 29 feet high, exclusive of 
 retiring' room, and ladies' and gentlemen's ante- 
 rooms, with gallery over the same for orchestral 
 purposes. 
 
 The walls of the room will be decorated with 
 pianelled pilasters, enriched with fruit and flowers, 
 in high relief. A bold modillion cornice and rich 
 frieze runs round the entire room, from which 
 springs a coved and panelled ceiling, with large 
 central panel enriched with perforated decorations, 
 flowers, &c. The building throughout will be 
 heated by hot-air, and provision made in all rooms 
 for ventilation. 
 
 The style adopted throughout, as seen by the 
 engraving, is Italian. The fa9ade consists of a 
 boldly treated central arcade, with carriage drive 
 
 imder and through it; and over it a tetrastyle 
 portico, with columns of the Corinthian order, and 
 coupled colunms at the angles ; over which is an 
 enriched modillion entablature and pediment. On 
 each side of the centre, on the ground floor, are 
 three arched-headed windows: the whole of the 
 ground floor is rusticated, and round the windows 
 and archways rock-rustic work is introduced. A 
 small circular ornamental aperture is on each side 
 of the central archway. 
 
 On the upper floor, underneath the portico. Is a 
 large Venetian window, circular headed; and on 
 each side of the portico are three segmental headed 
 windows, with a somewhat heavy segmental headed 
 pediment over. The entablature over the windows 
 Is supported by ornamental trusses, and under each 
 of the windows Is a balustrade. A small cornice 
 of plain character, with masks over each of the 
 lower windows, divides the upper from the lower 
 story horizontally all round the building. An 
 architrave cornice (without frieze, and ranging 
 with the entablature of the portico) surrounds the 
 entire building : over this cornice Is a balustrade, 
 with piers over the spaces between the windows 
 below. 
 
 The side elevation has three windows on the upper 
 and lower stories, exactly similar in character and 
 detail with those of the front. The whole Is of 
 excellent freestone, prociu-ed in the nelghbom-hood ; 
 and the principal fronts are intended to be finely 
 polished. 
 
 The sum of £1,000 has been subscribed by the 
 inhabitants of Accrington to raise a monument to 
 the late Sir Robert Peel, and this amount has been 
 handed over to the shareholders of the proposed 
 buildings, for the use of premises to be devoted 
 to the Mechanics' Institute, which will, by this 
 means, be provided with ample and convenient 
 apartments, and for which a nominal rent will be 
 paid. The entire cost of the buildings, exclusive 
 of land, will be £7,500. 
 
 EOTHERHAM WATER WORKS. 
 
 The buildings, of which a plan and perspective 
 view are given, have been erected at Rotherham, 
 In Yorkshire, from the designs of Mr. G. W. 
 Stevenson, of the late firm of Lee & Stevenson, 
 7, Duke Street, Westminster, and from the pump- 
 ing station of the Rotherham and Kimberworth 
 Water Works. 
 
J8 
 
 EXECUTED EXAMPLES OF 
 
 Two 40-horse-power condensing engines, and 
 four 30-horse Cornish boilers are contained within 
 the main building ; the smaller building, to the 
 left of the view, is a cottage for the engine-man, 
 and the whole structure is enclosed within a pali-» 
 sade fence. 
 
 The principal feature in the south-east front, and 
 indeed in the design generally, is the chimney 
 shaft attached to the boiler house on the right of 
 the engraving. It is square at the base and has 
 small shafts at the angles, and at some height from 
 the ground, the square portion is terminated by a 
 bracketted cornice, above which a graduated series 
 of sloping sets-off, similar to the broach of a church 
 spire, change the form into an octagon, tapering 
 towards the top, which is boldly moulded with a 
 panelled face, and moulded necking underneath, 
 The boiler house has a gable at each end, which 
 abuts against the chinmey shaft, and has a small 
 single-light square-headed window below, and a, 
 spherical window in the gable. The engine house 
 on the south-east front has four plain two-light 
 windows with a corbelled parapet over, returned 
 along the south-west front, and a small staircase 
 turret rising above the roof, which is corbelled 
 and battlemented at the top, and has small single- 
 light windows to give light to the staircase, The 
 south-west front of the engine house consists of a 
 four-centred doorway, approached by a flight of 
 thirteen steps, and over the doorway is a three-light 
 square-headed window. 
 
 The engine-man's cottage to the left of the 
 engraving is plain and simple in character. On 
 the south-east front is a gable in which is a two- 
 light square window, and a slightly projecting bay 
 window of three-lights under, flanked by a wooden 
 porch. A plain chimney shaft runs up the centre 
 of the gable on the south-west side of the cottage. 
 
 The buildings are faced with pressed bricks set 
 ip ash mortar, and the stone dressings from 
 quarries in the neighbourhood. The interior di- 
 mensions of the engine house are 43 feet by 24 feet, 
 and of the boiler house 46 feet by 31 feet ; the 
 shaft is 7 feet diameter at the base, and 6 feet 
 6 inches at the top, and 165 feet high. A winding 
 staircase in the turret gives access to the packing 
 stage and spring-beam floors. 
 
 The water for these works (at present insufficient 
 in quantity) is obtained from springs in the sand- 
 stone rock, within the town of Rotherham, and 
 conveyed by gravitation into an arched retaining 
 tank contaiuing 200,000 gallons, at the back of 
 the boiler house ; from thence it is raised by the 
 engines before mentioned into two covered service 
 
 reservoirs at a height of more than 30#feet abov§ 
 the pumping station. 
 
 The engines, boilers, &c., were manufactured by 
 the Kirkstall Forge Company, at a cost of between 
 £4,000 and £5,000. The pipes, several miles in 
 length, were supplied by Mr, Barrow, of Staveley^ 
 and the buildings, costing nearly £4,000, were 
 Erected by Mr. Freeman, of Ely. 
 
 CHANCERY-LANE IMPROVEMENTS. 
 
 OFFICES OF THE LAW UNION INSURANCE 
 COMPANY. 
 
 Accompanying this description is an elevation 
 of the building just erected in Chancery-lane, within 
 one door of Fleet-street, to be used for the purposes 
 of the above company, who are about to remove 
 from Pall Mall into what we may call their own 
 peculiar quarter. The front, which is more ex- 
 tensive than most public offices are fortunate enough 
 to possess, is of stone, and entirely Elizabethan in 
 character. The ground floor has five arched* 
 headed openings (that to the south forming the 
 entrance doorway) separated by quasi Tuscan 
 pilasters, banded at the level of the springing of 
 the arches, and having one of the ornaments 
 peculiar to Elizabethan architecture. Another 
 variety of ornament also occurs at the base of 
 these pilasters. The basement windows are plain 
 segmental-headed, with flat unmoulded projections 
 for architraves. In the first floor are three two- 
 light mullioned and transomed, and two single^, 
 light transomed square-headed windows, between 
 which are pilasters with an entablature over, the 
 characteristics of which are an adaptation of the 
 Corinthian order. The second floor has windows 
 similar to those in the floor beneath, with pilasters 
 between of Elizabethan type, and an enriched en- 
 tablature. The third floor has also pilasters of the 
 same character, with an entablature over, and two 
 two-light mullioned and three single-light windows. 
 The whole Is surmounted by a pai'apet pierced 
 with arches, and pinnacles over the pedestals be- 
 tween these arches, and in the centre is a clock with 
 an ornamental border, and an apex of similarly 
 quaint design, crowned with a gilt vane. 
 
 Interiorly, the ground floor will be occupied as 
 a public office and secretary's room, and the first 
 floor will be devoted to the board room, the whole, 
 of the building being used entirely for the business 
 of the company. 
 
 The site is the property of the City, and it may 
 
ECCLESIASTICAL AND DOMESTIC STRUCTUEES. 
 
 19 
 
 be mentioned, as a proof of the value of land in 
 the neighbourhood, that the ground-rent paid by 
 the company is £140 per annum, the premises 
 being only about 24 feet deep. 
 
 The works have been carried on by Mr. Myers, 
 under the superintendence of Mr. J. Wornham 
 Penfold, architect, Charlotte-row, Mansion House. 
 
 THE SCOTTISH EQUITABLE LIFE ASSURANCE 
 SOCIETY, 
 
 This society, which is one of the oldest and 
 most respectable of the Scotch offices, have within 
 the last year removed their place of business, for 
 the London agency, from 126, Bishopsgate-street, 
 to the more prominent position No. 26, Poultry, 
 where the small but elegantly-designed facade, of 
 which an elevation is here given, has .been erected 
 from the designs of the same architect as the 
 Building last described. 
 
 The design consists of a range of four arched- 
 headed compartments, of which one at the end 
 forms the entrance, the remaining three the win- 
 dows of the offices. The arches are supported on 
 columns of. polished Peterhead granite, which forms 
 an agreeable contrast in colour and material to the 
 remainder of the stonework ; the columns have 
 ornamental capitals and attic bases. The panels of 
 the pilasters of the doorway and at the opposite 
 end, and the spandrils between the arches are also 
 of Peterhead granite polished ; this mode of intro- 
 ducing granite is now, we perceive, carried out In 
 in various buildings in course of progress In the 
 City. The windows of the offices are filled with 
 plate glass, one square to each window, and the 
 glass Is enamelled with the arms of the society, 
 the date of incorporation, &c. The entrance door 
 is in six moulded panels. The basement windows, 
 which have plain un-moulded architraves and key- 
 stones, are filled with ornamental Ironwork. Over 
 the arches is a cornice with g, small blocking course 
 over ; the bed-mould of the cornice being enriched 
 with dentils and the egg ornament; the lower 
 moulding of the architrave is also enriched. The 
 title, " Scottish Equitable Life Assurance Society," 
 is inscribed on the fascia of the cornice. 
 
 The offices on the ground floor have been fitted 
 up in wainscot, French polished throughout, and 
 consist of the public office, manager's room, and 
 medical room, with lavatories, &c., on the base- 
 ment; and the housekeeper's rooms at the top 
 of the house. The works reflect much credit on 
 
 the builder, Mr. G. Smith, of Pimllco. The 
 gas fittings were executed by Messrs. Tucker, 
 of the Strand; and the paper hanging by 
 Messrs, Williams & Cooper, 85, West Smithfield, 
 with great skill and excellence of material. 
 
 It is to be regretted that the upper portion of 
 the house had been rebuilt prior to the Scottish 
 Equitable obtaining possession of the premises, as 
 a trifling additional height on the ground floor 
 would have added much to the effect, but with the 
 limited space at command much credit is due for 
 the attractive front that has been produced. 
 
 MESSRS. W. H. SMITH & SON'S PREMISES, 
 STRAND, AND ARUNDEL STREET, 
 
 In the edifice lately erected for Messrs. Smith 
 and Son, the Strand elevation and plan of which 
 accompany this description, Mr. H. R. Abraham, 
 the architect and surveyor to the Arundel estate, 
 has adopted Italian features in the composition of 
 his design, without however employing the PaUa- 
 dlan characteristics of columns and pilasters, an 
 arrangement we cannot but think judicious, as the 
 features to which we have alluded present, by their 
 ornamental character, an over-ambitious and some- 
 what " fussy " appearance, to say nothing of the 
 unnecessary expense of a building intended to be 
 devoted to commercial purposes only. The pile of 
 building is very extensive, and occupies the sites 
 of what were formerly Nos. 184, 185, 186, and 
 187, In the Strand, and Nos. 1, 2, 3, and 4, in 
 Arundel-street, with a frontage towards the Strand 
 of 62 feet 6 inches, and towards Arundel-street of 
 103 feet. The main portion of the edifice consists 
 of a basement, ground floor, first, second, and third 
 stories, with an attic over, the return face of which, 
 towards Arundel-street, extends, to a distance of 
 52 feet only, the remainder being merely carried 
 up to the first floor, the latter being lighted, In 
 addition to the side windows in Arundel-street, by 
 a domical light, 38 feet In diameter. The ground 
 floor and basement are entirely used for the ex- 
 tensive business operations of Messrs. Smith & Son, 
 as Is also the greater part of the first floor, which 
 contains a spacious open gallery under the glass 
 dome to which reference has already been made. 
 The other portions of the building are devoted to 
 domestic purposes, and are fitted up with every 
 attention to convenience and comfort. The heights 
 of the different floors are as follows : — the basement, 
 from floor to floor, 11 feet 6 inches, ground stoiy 
 
20 
 
 EXECUTED EXAMPLES OF ECCLESIASTICAL AND DOMESTIC STRUCTURES. 
 
 16 feet 9 inches, first floor 15 feet 9 inches, and the 
 upper floor in the usual proportion. 
 
 As already stated, the style of architecture 
 adopted is the Italian. In the fa9ade towards 
 the Strand there is a series of six windows in all 
 the stories, two of the openings on the ground flooi* 
 being doors* The basement and ground floor are 
 f usticated throughout ; the doorways, keystones of 
 window heads, and quoins of the building, being 
 rendered more expressive by the introduction of 
 rough or rock rustic-work. The ground floor 
 windows are surmounted by a cornice, enriched 
 with moulded blocks or modillix)ns. The external 
 angles of the building have moulded and projecting 
 rustics throughout the entire height above the 
 ground floor. The windows of the first floor have 
 moulded architraves, with pedimented and seg-» 
 mental heads alternately, supported by ornamental 
 trusses, and a balustrade to each window. Between 
 each tier of windows is a continuous moulded string- 
 course or cill. The remaining windows are of the 
 ordinary Italian type, the second floor windows 
 having moulded architraves and cornices, without 
 
 pediments, and the third and attic stories moulded 
 architraves with elbows at the angles, but without 
 cornices. The whole is surmounted by a bold cor- 
 nice, enriched with modillions and dentils, and is 
 expressive and well-proportioned, without the un- 
 due projection and heaviness which characterises 
 many of the buildings of this class recently eriected. 
 Above the cornice is a balustrade with piers over 
 the spaces between the windows. The principal 
 cornice in the Strand facade is continued across the 
 gable at the western end of the building, and not 
 cut off abruptly at the street elevation, as is fre- 
 quently the case, or returned on the face of the 
 fi'ont wall. The whole of the basement is faced 
 with Portland stone, together with the window 
 dressings, cornices, stringcourses, and parapets j 
 the plain facings of the walls being of white brick,. 
 The builders were Messrs, Lucas Brothers, whose 
 contract for the entire works was under £20,000, 
 and somewhat less than the original estimate, 
 the deduction arising from deviations which were 
 made during the progress of the work, by which; 
 savings were effected on the total outlay intended^ 
 
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INGTON, LANCASHIRE 
 
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