F *i3 '■:f^. CORNELL UNIVERSITY LIBRARY FROM Date Due tft/W2fib4S oa^,4>^>py M w :m^ -orwm t f 74W895'"TaB"""'"'"» ""'"^ "'*Nnii)iiiHiiniiiliini°' **'""'!lii *"'**■ ^,j^ 3 1924 028 839 920 Cornell University Library The original of this book is in the Cornell University Library. There are no known copyright restrictions in the United States on the use of the text. http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924028839920 •SCENE OF THE SWAMP FIGHT ABOVE HATFIELD, NOW WHATELY, AUGUST 25, 1675. • HISTORY TOWN OF WHATELY, MASS. INCLUDING A JJARRATIVE OF LEADING EVENTS FROM THE FIRST PLANTING OF HATFIELD: 1660-1871. > 0' By J. H. TEMPLE, FOURTH PASTOR OF THE CONGREGATIONAL CHURCH. WITH FAMILY GENEALOGIES. PRINTED FOR THE TOWN, BY T. R. MARVIN & SON, 131 CONGRESS STREET, BOSTON. 1872. f\-7i^i-y7 Entered accordiug to Act op Congress, in 'the year 1872, By J. H. TEMPLE, in the Office of the Librarian of Congress. PREFACE. r^iteis attempt to gather up the memorials of a hundred years, grew out of an invitation from the citizens of Whately, to deliver an Address at the celebration of the centennial anniversary of the Incorporation of the Town. The materials collected have been embodied in these pages. Some chapters are inserted as they were written for that address, and the book is now published in accordance with a unanimous • vote of the town at its .annual meeting in November. '^Bomewhat isolated in position, and with nothing of natural I advantages to attract notice, — except the quiet beauty, and rich variety, and broad expanse of landscape, as seen from the cen- tral village and the hills lying westwardly — Whately has laid claim to no special distinction among her neighbors. But the public spirit of her people, and the generous liberality displayed in arranging and carrying out to a successful issue the com- memoration of her centenary, and in providing for the preserva- tion of her annals in the printed volume, are worthy of imitationi by the other towns in the Commonwealth. Records are perish- able, and are always incomplete ; they are at best but the out- lines ; the filling up must come from personal reminiscences of character and actions, and those incidental items of civil and social affairs, which are transmitted by oral tradition — distorted and colored, of course, by pride and prejudice — but with enough of truth to explain the records, and enough of reality to help the practical antiquary in giving a life-like picture of the time of which he treats^^.- /The territory comprising the town was included in, and for one Hundred years was a part of Hatfield. The history of the colony, hen, properly begins with some account of the mother settle- nent. Whatever is characteristic of the growth, is to be found n the germ. What society was in j ^71. is a result of causes )re-existing, and working through the preceding generations : lence a sketch of leading events, from the first purchase of hese lands by the settlers from Connecticut, seemed necessary to I clear understanding of any peculiarities of opinion, and the lomestic customs and religious faith of our fathers. The writer has confined himself to a narrc^iye^o£j^o^^. It s easy to swell a volume by speculations, and long-drawn com- )arisbns between the past and the present ; but in these pages it s assumed that, with the facts plainly before him, the reader is sompetent to make comparisons, and draw contrasts, and establish L philosophy— more satisfactory to himself, at least, than any vhich the author might suggest. |>i,Official documents have been the source relied on for historical natter ; and- no pains or expense has been spared to secure iccuracy and fullness. That some errors will be found, is ex- )ected ; that all which might have public value and interest, has jeen collected, is not claimed. And 'Some commonly accepted raditions have been set aside, because well authenticated records •equire it. The Family Re gi st ers of the first settlers of the town, includ- ng two generations, were collected and published by the author, n IMiSi- Those records have been enlarged so as to embrace all ;he permanent inhabitants ; and the families have been traced lown to the present time, by James M. Crafts, Esq., with im- portant aid (which he would gratefully acknowledge) from Ches- :er G: Crafts, and Leander L. Morton. s^he frontispiece, representing the ravine where the " Swamp Fight" of Aug. 25; 1675, commenced, is from a drawing by fej-AiJLJMl, a descendant of JQ§|,„g^^gJ^||N The autographs, which comprise the names of most of the irst settlers of the town, have the merit of being fac-similes of jriginal signatures. The writer would do violence to his sense of justice, and his ippreciation of kindness, not to acknowledge his indebtedness to Sylvester Judd, Esq. (now deceased), who was his early friend, ind who, in one portion of his field, left so little to be gleaned. s ■ He would also record his obligation to the Secretary of the Commonwealth ; the Register of Probate of Hampshire County ; the TowB Clerks of Hatfield and Whately, for free access to the records in their respective offices; to the New England His- toric-Genealogical Society, for the use of tljeir valuable library ; to Dea. R. H. Belden of Hatfield, for the privilege of exam- ining deeds of a large part of the lands lying in the southerly half of the " Bradstreet Farm ; " to James M. Crafts, Esq. , for statistics of industries, and manifold aid. in copying records ; to Hon. George Sheldon, for historical data ; to Mr. Jonathan Johnson, for loan of ancient account book ; to Capt. Seth Bard- well, for list of privileges on West Brook"; to Rev. J. W. Lane, for various documents ; to S. B. White, ^Eso^ ., fox list ^£„aoMier8. of the l a t eWar; to Mr. ErastusCrafts, Dea. Elihu Belden, W. H. Fuller, Esq., Messrs. Dennis Dickinson, Stephen Bel- den, Edwin Bardwell, Dr. M. Harwood, Mr. and Mrs. Eurotas Dickinson, and Mrs. J. C. Loomis, for important information. \Put with the aid derivable from all these sources, — official Records and the memories of persons now living, — it is but justice to say, that this picture of " the olden time," such as it is,, and the personal history of the men and women who settled Whately, could not have been given but for the abundant mate- rials furnished the writer while a resident in the town, by Mr. ( )liver Graves, Mr. Justin Morton, Mrs. Hannah Parker, and j Irs. Eleanor Dickinson, who were eye-witnesses of events. for) Jhe ninety years following 1760. JOSIAH HOWARD TEMPLE. Framingham, Mass., Dec. 21, 1871. HISTOEY OF WHATELY. CHAPTER I, INDIAN OWNERSHIP PURCHASE BY PYNCHON AND THE HADLET COMPANY. At the time of the proposed settlement of the part of the valley of the Connecticut River lying between the Mt j ^ Holyoke range on the south, and Sugar ^L|0af , ?^pd ■'j^gfey-, on the north, this Tract was in the occupancy of the Norwottuck Indians, who were a branch of the Nipnett or Nipmuck tribe, whose chief seat was in the central' part of the State. The ^rffiftttllfilfF °^ ^^^ valley were divided into three princi- pal families, under three petty chiefs, viz. : Chickwallop, Ump- anchala, and ^jflfiiUfflMli" ^^^^^ claimed ownership of the lands lying for a distance on both sides of the river, and extending indefinitely east and west. Chickwallop held the lands pur- chased by the Northamplon planters and eastward. Umpanchala claimed on the Hadley side as far north as Mill River, and on the Hatfield side from Northampton bounds to the upper side of Great Meadow. (^uQQgjjggt occupied from Umpanchala's line to a ^WequomPS. or^o^arJUpaf , and Mt. , Tnhy- North of these was the territory of the Pocumtucks, or D^ei^eld Indians. Collectively, these were called the River Indians. ^ ^afib of these Indian families had its fort , its planting field, and its hunting grounds. The fort was located, for obvious reasons, on a bluff, in some commanding position, and near a stream or spring of water. It was constructed of palisades, or poles about ten feet long set in the ground. Its size depended on the lay of the land and the necessities of each tribe, as their 8 wigwams were placed within the enclosure. The cornfield wai always close to the fort. Q,uo)nquQqt,. who claimed the lands now c^prising Whajelx and eastward, had a strong fort on the east side of the Connecti- cut, north of Mill ^ix,prJiftJBa.dlg^- It was built on a ridge thai separates the east and west School Meadows, and enclosed about an acre of ground* His cornfield, of sixteen to twenty acres, was in the upper meadow. This fort was abandoned some time before the attack on Quaboag. The principal fort of Uinpanchala was on the high bank of the Connecticut near the mouth of Half-way Brook, between North- ampton and Hatfield. This fort was occupied by the tribe till the night of August 24, 1675, and was the last fortified dwelling place held by the Indians in this part of the valley. The plant- ing field of this family was the " Chickons," or Indian Hollow, in Hatfield South Meadow. ^he Indian's home in this valley was then, what it still , remains, a scene of abundance and beauty. The mountains reared their bold heads towards the sky for grandeur and defence : the hills, clothed in their primeval forests of variegated hues, arrested the showers, and poured down their tributes in little rivulets whose path was marked by green verdure and brilliarjj flowers ; the annual overflow of the great river made the vallej fat and fertile. Yet those natural advantages appear to have been of small account with the natives. So far as we can judge, convenience and necessity alone influenced them in the selection ^The furs and flesh of animals, and the fish of the streams, me) I most of their ordinary wants ; grass was of no account ; and ever / the corn which their women raised was a kind of surplus foi I emergencies, to be relied on in the scarcity of game, and the \ event of war.* The Indian was a savage, with the instincts and ideas of a savage ; and he estimated things accordingly. Personal ease and sensual gratification was his highest happiness ; the pursuil of game was his excitement ; war was his highest ambition ancJ field of .glory ; and outside of these he had nothing to love, and * Josselyn, Voyages, says : — " They [the Indians] beat the Corn to pow- der and put it into bags, which they makp use of when stormie weather oi the like will not suffer them to look out for other food." (: 9 nothing to live for. All these local advantages he had here ; and war with some rival tribe was always at his option. The red man had long been the occupant of the territory. And he seems to have understood* perfectly the validity of his title to these lands by the right of possession. Why then — thel question will naturally arise — ^was the Indian so ready to part with his title, and transfer his right to the new comers ? The general answer is, because he was a man and a savage. There is a strange fascination accompanying a higher order of intelli- gence, and the power inherent to enlightened intellect, which is irresistible to the untutored child of nature. He looks up with I awe, and instinctly yearns for companionship with that higher life. . To his apprehension it is allied with the supernatural ; f and partakes of the potent, if not the omnipotent. And, aside from any veneration, he sees the advantage every way of civili- zation ; and the manhood in him rises up in hope and expecta- tion. His ideas may be vague, as to results to accrue. But he anticipates some great advantage ; he expects to beconie a par- taker of that which draws and inspires. It is only when, by^ actual contact and contrast, he discovers and comes to feel hist inferiority, and his moral weakness, as compared with civilized! man, that he becomes jealous of him ; and the jealousy ripensi into hatred ; and the hatred ripens into hostility. No doubt acts I of injustice and wrong aggravate the jealousy, and hasten the J conflict. But civilized and savage life can never coalesce. There is inherent antagonism which necessitates a conflict. And in the struggle the weaker must yield to the stronger. And strength lies not in numbers, but in resources ; the courage which con- quers is moral rather than physical. Thus the two orders of society cannot exist together ; one must yield and flee, or become subordinate and be absorbed in the other .^^ In selling their lands to the settlers, the Indians in this valley expected to be, and believed that they were the true gainers by the bargain. They reserved all the rights and privileges that were of any real value to them ; and calculated on receiving advantages from the skill and traffic of the whites, as well as those indefinite, perhaps imaginary advantages, to which I have alluded. One reason why the River Indians were anxious to sell, at the particular time when the whites came to the valley, 10 was their fear of the Mohawks from the Hudson, who were threatening a war of extermination — just as, sixteen years later, the Pocumtucks. and Norwottucks planned a war of extermina- tion against the whites, whom they nowso cordially welcomed. The Hadlet PiiANTEKS. The company that formed the original Hadley Plantation, covering lands on both sides of the river, was from Connecticut. Their first step was- to obtain leave- from the General Court to settle within the jurisdiction of Massachusetts ; and the second step was to purchase the lands of the Indians. The negotiation was cari'ied'on through the agency, of Maj. John FyiLS^E-"-^ Springfield, to whom the deeds were made out, and who assigned his rights to the Company,, and received his pay of individuals, as they took possession of tlieir assigned lots. Maj. Pynch-p^paid the Indians in wampum and | goods ; and received payment in grain, with perhaps a consider--! able quantity of wampum, and a small amount of silver.. "" Wampum, which was in the- shape of beads, was made of sea- shells. It was manufactured mainly by the Indians of Long Island, arid, later, by those, of Block Island. It was of two kinds, white, or wampumpeag ; and black or blue, called suckau- hock, which was of double the value of white. In 1650 the Massachusetts government ordered that wampumpeag should be a legal tender for debts (except for country rates) to the value of forty shillings, the white at eight and the black at four for a penny. This law was repealed in 1661 ; after which wampum had no standard value — the price being regulated by demand and supply. A hand of wampum was equal to four inches. In the Hatfield purchase it was reckoned seven inches. lA. fathom was ten hands, and was ordinarily worth five shillingjl It was used much for ornaments, such as belts, bracelets, head-bands, ear- pendants, and. by the squaws of chiefs for aprons. Its use in trade was continued for many years by the whitest* The first purchase on account of the Hadley settlers was made December 25, 1658, and embraced the 1-ands on the east side of the (3ouriect'cuf,' TrOTh the mouth of Fort River and Mt. Holyoke, on the south, to the mouth of Mohawk brook and the southern part of Mt.j^Toby, on the north, being about nine miles in length, and extending eastwardly nine miles into the woods. The price 11 paid was two hundred and twenty fathoms of wampum and one large coat, equal to £62 10. The deed was signed by Umpan- chala, Quonquont, and Chickwallop. Quonquont reserved one cornfield of twelve — sixteen — twenty acre^ near his fort ; and all reserved the liberty to hunt deer and fowl, and to take fish,« beaver and otter. Tlje 8ecoi;iil pnrnhf^ .^fi was made July 10, 1660, and comprised the lands, on the west or Hatfield side, from CSpawong brook (now Mill River) on the south, to the brook called Wunckcompss, which comes out of the Great Pond, and over the brook to the upper side of the meadow called Mincommuck, on the north, and extending westerly nine miles into the woods. (The north line was probably where is now the meadow road running east and west, just north of the dwelling house of Austin S. Jdnes, Esq.) f The price paid was three hundred fathoms of wampum, and some I small gifts, equal to £75je The deed is signed by Umpanchala, and approved by his brother Etowomq. The reservations are the Chickons, or planting field, and the liberty to hunt deer and other wild creatures, to take fish, and to set wigwams on the Commons, and take ijrood and trees for use. The third puroha ,se was the meadow called Capawonk, lying in the south part of Hatfield. The deed is dated Janualy 22, 1663. This meadow had been bought of the Indians in 1657, for fifty shillings, by the Northampton Planters. The price paid by Hadley was £30. These three purchases comprise all the territory north of Eort Elver and Northampton, actually possessed by Hadley. No7 bounds were established for the town by any act of incorporation ; and the only claim it had to what is now the northerly part ol Hatfield and Whately, was a.report of commissioners appointed by the General Court, to lay out the new plantation, in which their north bounds on this side of the river are stated " to be a great mountain called Wequomps," — which report of Commission- ers seems never to have been accepted. And the last two pur- chases, viz. : from Northampton bounds on the south, to a line just north of Great Meadow, comprise all the territory west of the river owned by Hatfield, at the time the latter town was incorporated. The tract of land lying northerly from Great Meadow (now North Hatfield and Whately) was purchased of ^ 12 the Indians by Hatfield, October 19, 1672. This was Quon- quont's land, and the deed was signed by his widow Sarah Quan- ^quan, his son Focunohouse, his daughter Majesset, and two others. The price p^ was fifty fathoms of wampumpeag. The ^south line was from a walnut tree standing by the river in Min- commuck meadow, westerly out into the woods. It was bounded on the north by Weekioannuck brook, where the Pocumtuck path crosses it — th^ line running east to the great river, and west six miles into the woods. The reservations in these deeds were somewhat various ; bu^ it was understood by both parties — indeed it was a tradition cur- rent in my own boyhood — that the Indians had the right of hunt<-^ ing, fowling and fishing any where, and to take what walnut and j white ash trees they had occasion to use for baskets and brooms CHAPTER II. SETTLEMENTS DIVISION OF LANDS ^INCORPOEATION OF HATFIELD. P^HE first planters of New England were wholly unaccustomed to the work of clearing off woodlands. They had seen and heard nothing of it in the mother country. Hence the earliest settlements were uniformly ■ made at places where they could begin immediately to cultivate the ground, and find natural pastures and meadows:^ It was considered scarcely desirable or safe, to form a Planta- tion where there was not plenty of "fresh marsh" — what we should call open swamp. And so, when the west side people petitioned for a new town, the Hadley C&mmittee, in their answer to the General Court, gave as one of the strongest reasons against the separation, that the tract west of the river " does not afford boggy meadows or such Wee, that men can live upon ; but their subsistence must be from their Home lots and intervals." Both the east and west side settlers found the meadows and T adjacent uplands ready for grazing and tillage. There was ) needed no preliminary wo^k of clearing off the forests. They ) began to plant corn, and sow wheat and fiax, and mow grass thej first season. "pFiom early times the Indians had been accustomed to burn over the whole country annually in November, after the leaves had fallen and the grass had become dry, which kept the meadows clean, and prevented any growth of underbrush on the uplands. One by one the older trees would give way, and thus many cleared fields, or tracts with only here and there a tree, would abound, where the sod would be friable, ready for the plow ; or be already well covered with grass, ready for pastur- 14 age. The meadow lands thus burnt over, threw out an early and rich growth of nutritious grasses, which, if let alone, grew " up to a man's face." Then there were plots of ground, of greater or less extent, which the Indian squaws had cultivated in their rude way, with shell or wooden hoes, and where they had raised squashes and beans and corn. Strange as it may seem, both timber and fire wood were scarce in the valley, when the first settlement was made. At the outset Hatfield passed a vote, that no clapboards, shingles, or rails, or coopering stuff should be sold " to go out of town." The upland woods, on each side of the river, both above and below the towns, were passable for men on horseback.'^ jVAs already stated, tha^adley planters were from Wethersfield and Hartford, in the Connecticut Colony. They had mostly come over from England in the years 1632 to '34, and landed at , ^_ni rTniMiiimi- the mouth of the Charles Kiver in Massachusetts. A part lived at Watertown till 1635, when they removed to Wethersfield. fMr. Hooker, who came over with his flock in 1633, stopped in f Cambridge till '36, when they removed to Hartford. Thus they had resided in' Connecticut about twenty-five years, y' Their reason for leaving this Colony, and seeking a new Jhome En Massachusetts, was a difference of opinion in regard to church government and ordinances. Mr. Hooker of Hartford was a "strict Congregationalist," as was Mr. Russell, pastor of the Wethersfield church. After the death of Hooker, his successor, Mr. Stone, introduced certain innovations, which were thought to have a leaning towards Presbyterianism, and in which a majority of his church sustained him. An active minority adhered tenaciously to their early church practices, and with- drew. Mr. Russell and the majority of the Wethersfield church sympathized with the withdrawers. The matter was brought before the magistrates and before ecclesiastical councils. The final result was, that Mr. Russell and nearly his entire church, with a minority of the Hartford church, removed to Hadley. There is no record of any reorganization of the church, nor was the pastor reinstalled. The existence of the church was there- fore coeval with the existence of the Plantation^* The first comers were men of wealth and high social position ; 15 and were regarded by the Massachusetts authorities as a most desirable addition to her population. They had — as their sub- sequent history proved — the self-reliance and earnestness and courage which usually attach to men who strike out a new path for conscience' sak^,**^ The agreement to remove to the new purchase was signed April 18. 1659 ; and some went up that summer to make pre- paration for a general transfer. Perhaps a few families spent the winter of '59-^'60 at the new plantation, which at first was called Nevj- Town. It received the name of Hadleigh in 1661. I»— In the course of the year 1660, forty families effected a settle- ment, thirty-four on the east side of the river, and six on the west side. The six who took lots on the Hatfield side appear to bave been Richard Fellows, Richard Billings, Zechariah Field, John Cole, John White, Jr., and Nathaniel Dickinson, Jr. In the course of this and the next year ten others joined them, viz., John Coleman, Thomas Graves, John Graves, Samuel Belding, Stephen Taylor, Daniel Warner, Daniel White, Samuel Dick- inson, Thomas Meekins, and A^]l}gmAJ[|is^ Theja^^^^^^^ fro^jgjaijij^^jj^^. Billings, Field, Cole, White, Graves, Taylor, Fellows, and Warner were from Hartford; Coleman, Dickinson, and Belding from Wethersfield. Division of Lands. — By agreement made before leaving Connecticut, each original proprietor received an equal share, viz. eight acres of land as a home lot. The street on the Had- ley side was laid out twenty rods wide ; and the lots extended back from it on each side. The street on the Hatfield side was ten rods wide, and tile first home lots at the lower end con- tained eight acres ; those granted afterwards, further north, contained only four acres. JXOwnership of land in fee simple, by every inhabitant, was a ^characteristic American idea, and was a corner-stone of the social, fabric built by our fathers. It was personal independence ; it was capital ; it was power ; it was permanence ; and it was substan- tial equality. The first planters here recognized the principle that every honest citizen, whatever the amount of his cash assets, had a righttto so much land as secured him an indepen- dent home, a real property, which could not be alienated except 16 of his own option ; which assured him the means of rearing and educating a family. He was a freeman indeed. He had some- thing to build upon, — something to fix his affections upon, — something to defend, — something to leave his children, which they after him could love, and build upon, and defend. Love of home and love of country are co-ordinate and reciprocal, and have their most vital root in ownership of the soil, with the power and privileges it engenderso^ Our ancestors in this valley could never have stood against the tides of savage warfare, which in rapid succession burst over ^hem, had it not been that they defended their own and their children's home and heritage^^ As we have seen, the first division of home lots was equal. But after this first equal division, all subsequent allotments of meadows and intervals were made according to " estates." Yet here only a nominal inequality was allowed, a single man of twenty-one receiving one-fourth as much as the man of large wealth and family. The term "^tate|," as used at that tirae,> requires an explanation. It did not represent a man's actuaH property, real or personal. Precisely how the thing was brought/ about we are not informed. But by mutual agreement, evi-y dently satisfactory to all parties, a sum varying from £50, for as young unmarried man, to £200, for a man of independent means, ( was set against each proprietor's name and called his " estate,'^ and used as a basis of land distribution and taxation. The wealthy planters consented to receive less than their proper share of lands, and were held to pay less than their ratable proportion of expenses ; while the young man, for the sake of receiving a larger allotment of land, agreed to pay a4||roportionat6 part of the plantation taxes J p. And the principle of substantial equality was further recog- nized by the peculiar method adopted in distributing the Com- mon Fields, where no one received his full share in one lot — in which case he would run the chance to get all good or all poor land ; but each meadow was first partitioned off into two or more parts ; and each proprietor had a share in the subdivision of the several parts. Thus the North or Great Meadow was first appor- tioned into six parts, and each west side settlei^had a lot in each of the six divisions. Little Meadow was apportioned into two 17 parts, and South Meadow into three parts, each proprietor receiv- ing a lot in each part. A £50 " estate " drew of meadow land in all thirteen Zechariah Field was the first who carried on trade in Hatfield ; put his business was limited and proved unprofitable. Families bought most of their goods of John Pynchon ef Springfield, and paid in wheat, flour, pork, and malt. ^ ' * Miss Sophia Smith. 22 / Taxes were paid in grain ; and even the sacramental charges / of the church were paid in wheat, for which purpose three half-pecks per member per year appears to have been the usual ! requirement/ The only communication with the outside world was with Northampton and Springfield, and their old homes in Connecti- cut. There was a cartway to Windsor and Hartford by way of Westfield ; and there was a road. to Springfield on the east side of the river. The Bay Koad, through Quaboag, was only a hors^ path till after 1700. CHAPTEK III. THE FIRST INDIAN WAB, 1675 1678. Thus in their quiet seclusion and healthful pursuits, and the I enjoyment of social and Christian intercourse, they passed fif-/ teen years^ Some who came to the valley with gray hairs had ' laid them down to rest in the old grave-yard. The infant had become a youth, and the youth had reached manhood. With some home-sickness and reverses, the sun of prosperity beamed kindly and brightly ; and a future full of promise and hope for their children seemed opening upon them. But on a sudden this quiet life was broken up. War in its most frightful form ; war, such as the merciless and treacherous savage knows how tq^ ' wage, burst upon them !^ ikUp to this time the whites and red men had lived together *^on terms of friendship. There was no social equality, and no mingling of races. Each led his own distinctive life ; and though the separation between the two forms became daily more apparent, no conflict occurred, and suspicion, if it existed, was studiously concealed. The English had plowed for the Indians the reserved planlAig field, or, as they sometimes preferred, had rented their own plowed fields, the squaws planting and tending them " at halves ; " the Indians had dwelt in their fort, or pitched their wigwams on the Commons and sometimes on the home lots , and gone in and out at pleasure. The only danger apprehended seems to "have been from the. thieving and begging propensities of the savages, and their anger when under the influence of alcoholic drink. The people erected no fortifications ; and the militia men were rather for ornament than use. Hatfield had only six troopers in 1674^^ It had been the custom for4ihe Indians to apply for ground to 24 • plant upon, and make arrangements for the same, very early in the season, usually in February; but this sjJKng (1675) they were silent on the subject, and made no preparation for putting in a crop. They also removed their wigwams, and whatever goods they claimed, from the home lots and adjacent meadows to the fort. And early in summer a favorite squaw counselled goodwife Wright of Northampton "to get into town with her children." These things were known, but attracted little attention. They may have awakened suspicion; but it could hardly be called alarm, as it led to no special preparations for defence. ^»r In about three weeks after the Brookfield Fight, the scattered fcands of Indians gathered on the Connecticut river. They con- centrated at the Fort between Northampton and Hatfield. Capt. Lathrop and Capt. Beers, with their companies, composed mostly of men from the eastern part of the State, having scoured the region of the river, came to Hadley, probably on the 23d of Augast. As a precautionary measure, rather than from. a belief in their hostile intentions, it was judged best to disarm the Indians then in the Fort. And on the next day a parley was held, and a formal demand for the surrender of their arms was made. The Indians objected, and demanded time for consider- ation. And it was finally agreed that if a deputation should be sent over the next morning, a final answer would be then given. Distrusting their sincerity, the officers determined to surround the Fort, and secure their arms by force, if need be. To effect this with certainty, about midnight word was sent to the com- manding officer at Northampton, to bring up his company to the south of the Fort, " as near as they could -^thout being per- ceived," while the others would post themselves op the north. The two companies then crossed to the Hatfield side; 2^d moved quietly down, reaching the Fort a little before break of day. But the movement was too late to effect its object. The wily savage had fled, taking arms, goods and all — having first killed an old sachem who opposed their plans. After a brief .council of war, the Captains resolved to follow, and with one hundred men pursued " at a great pace," up the Deerfield pjfth. The Indians had evidently anticipated such a movement, and were lying in ambtsh in a swamp near the road. 25 IVom the facts that have come to light, it seems probable that the English Captains expected to hold a parley, rather than to fight, and were marching without special precaution. But on a sudden, as the troops were crossing the head of a ravine, the Indians "let fly about forty guns at them." Our men quickly returned the fire ; some of them rushed down into the swamp, forcing the enemy to throw away much of their baggage, and after a while each man, after the Indian manner, got behind his tree, and watched his opportunity- to get a shot at them.. The fight continued about three hours, when the Indians withdrew. " We lost six men upon the ground ; a seventh died of his • wounds coming home, and two died the next night, making nine in all."* Only one of the killed, Richard Fellows, belonged to Hatfield/ f' Owing to an apparent contradiction in the two accounts of I this fight extant — Mr. Eussell of Hadley placing it at " a swamp I beyond Hatfield," and Hubbard saying it occurred "ten miles I above Hatfield, at a place called SggarLoafJJill^" — the location I has not been hitherto identified. But there is really no contradiction. Both accounts are agreeal that it was at a swamp above Hatfield, at a place called Sugar j Loaf Hill. It is also clear that our men were pursuing the usual Indian trail between Hatfield and Deerfield. If, then, a spot can be found where the trail skirts the edge of the swamp near the foot of Sugar Loaf, the presumption would be, that the ambush was concealq^t that poin^ And if this point furnished a background fitted for a cover, and at the same time afiforded a good chance of retreating in case of defeat, the presumption would amount to almo|fccertainty. The chief ground of doubt remaining is the " ten miles from Hatfield," stated by Hubbard. But Mr. Hubba^lpeceived his information at second hand ; while Mr. Russell, who lived at Hadley, and gathered his account at the time from the soldiers themselves, names no distance. And this apparent diflBculty vanishes when the common estimate (for no measurement had then been made) of distances on this path is considered. As appears from papers relating to the " Dedham Grant," the 4istance from Hadley to Deerfield was reckoned "twelve miles." Taking this estimated distance as a basis for * Stoddard's Letter. 26 7 getting a ratio of the true distance, the "ten miles" would be to ( the southward of Sugar Loaf. The only remaining difficulty is as to the exact line of march. By reference to the Indian deed, and the act defining the north line of Hatfield, it is plain that the Deerfield path crossed Su g a r Lo a f Brook where said brook intersects the Deerfield andSatfield (afterwards Whately) line. Starting from " Poplar Spring," a well-known locality on this path, and following the line of trail towards the point indi- cated, at a point about a fourth of a mile south of Sugar Loaf \ Brook the traveler comes upon a ravine -which' exactly meets all ►I the published conditions of the Fight. ' The swamp here trends into the plain, making a triangular depression, where is a spring of water that finds its way into Hopewell Brook. An ambush of forty Indians (the number named by Stoddard) could be hidden among the "beaver holes," and prostrate stumps, and huge hem- locks ; and as their pursuers crossed the head of the ravine their ' line would be exposed for nearly its whole length, as the Indians could fire up both slopes of the bluff. The peculiar lay of the land also accounts for the fact that " one of ours was shot in the back by our own men," — which might readily happen if he pushed down into the swamp while a part of the force remained on the opposite side of the triangle.* There is no doubt that the destruction of Quaboag, and the successful stratagem by which they escaped from the fort at Hat- field, and the indecisive struggle at " the Swamp," last described, greatly encouraged the Indians. The advantage gained was on their side.f The scattered and isolated smiation of the towns, and their almost defenceless condition, was in the savages' favor. Our officers and soldiers were not famiJiar with their modes of warfare, and were not united in opinion as to the best method of attack and defence. The settlers were not HBsing in courage, but in skill and unity. -.From the date last given, Aug. 25, there were constant f alarms, and individual surprises, and scouting, till the disastrous Ifight at Northfield, and desertion of the place, Sept. 2 and 4, * The >pot indicated in the Frontispiece, is on land now (1871) owned by J. C. Sanderson, Esq. t The loss of the Indians in the Swamp Fight was put by our men at tyenty-six ; but this is conjecture, and the number is improbable. 27 .nd the still more disastrous slaughter of " the flower of Essex " t Maddy Brook , Sept. 18. '^>eerfield was immediately aban- doned, and her settlers retir^ to Hatfield and Hadleyrifc The whole valley was a scene of apprehension and mourning. Fathers went out to cut fire wood or gather corn in the morning, and returned not. The light of blazing barns . at night sent fear to the heart of the boldest. The erack of the Indian's gun in ,the thicket was at once the traveler's warning and death knelli^ f Xhus passed the month after the battle of IVJudd^iLBEflflkj — {afterwards appropriately called Blood |;^ Brook. The savages were always on the alert, and usually appeared just when and where they were least expected. Springfield was burnt Oct. 5, — the very day on which an attack on Hadley from the north was expected. An extract from a letter written by Maj. John I Pynchon, dated Hadley, Sept. 30, will, give a vivid picture! of the situation : " We are endeavoring to discover the enemy,! and daily send out scouts, but little is effected. Our English are somewhat awk and fearful in scouting "and spying, though \ we j^o the best we can. We have no Indian friends- here toj help us. We find the Indians have their scouts out. Two! days ago, two Englishmen at Northampton, being gone out! in the morning to cut wood, and but a little from the house, were both shot down dead, having two bullets apiece shot into! each of their breasts. The Indians cut off their scalps, took J their arms, and were off in a trice." And in a postcript to ' another letter, dated Oct. 8, he says : "To speak my thoughts, all these towns ought to be garrisoned as I have formerly hinted. To go out after the Indians, in the swamps and thickets is to! hazard all our men, unless we know where they keep; which is! altogether unknown to us." iThis will explain the defensive^ policy adopted by the Englislf CDn Tuesday, the 19th of October, early in the morning, the Indians kindled great fires in the woods to the northward of Hatfield, probably in the neighborhood of " Mother George," to attract the village people, and then concealed themselves in the bushes to await the result. About noon, ten horsemen were sent out to scout ; and as they were passing the ambush, the Indians fired, killing six, and taking three prisoners, one of whom they afterwards tortured to death. They then fell with 28 all their fufy upon the village, evidently hoping to wipe it out, as they had done to Northfield and Deerfield. But, as the chronicle has it, " according to the good providence of God,'' Capt. Mosely and Capt. Poole, who with their companies then garrisoned Hatfield, successfully repejled the assault. After a fierce and protracted struggle, the Indians fled, having mortally wounded one soldier, and burned a few buildings. This was the first decided defeat they had suiFered, — if we except the repulse at Hadley (of which so little is known) through the skill and courage of Gen. Gofife. Soon after this aiFair, the main body of the Indians withdrew from this part of the valley. The people of Hatfield immedir ately began the construction of palisades around the more thickly built portion of the village, — comprising, probably, the southern end of the street ; they also fortified the mill, and some of the more exposed houses. "^sJiVinter set in early ; and though no attack was made, or seri,- ftiusly apprehended, the time passed gloomily enough. Most of fthe families from Deerfield, and some from Northfield, were gathered here ; and a company of thirty-six= ( under Lieut; "V^il- liam AUis) were quartered upon the people. Food appears to have been plenty. But the deep snows* and severe cold prer venled much communication with other parts of the Colony. Shut up, and shut out from the world, as they were, thoughts of the past and apprehensions for the fiiture must have weighed heavily on their hearts. Mr. Kussell's report of the numbers slain in Hampshire County, in 1675, is as follows : — m Lug. 2, a,t Brookfield; 13^ Oct. 5, at Springfield, . . 4 " 25, above Hatfield, . 9 " 19, "Hatfield, . . 10 ept. 1, at Deerfield, 2 " 27, " Westfield, . 3 " 2, " Northfield, 8 " 29, " Northampton, . . 4 i( 4 «* »< 16 •' 18, " Muddy Brook, 74 Total, . . 145 " 28, " Northampton, 2 The number here given is probably too large by two. Of these, not less than foftyrfour were inhabitants of the county ; the rest were soldiers from other parts of the Colony. * North of Brookfield, j^iejnpwwi^jtlj^yslfeig^^;;^ 29 From the testimony of a Christian Indian, employed as a spy, the River Indians had their main winter quarters on the west side of the Connecticut, above Northfield,: — though a few wintered to the eastward of Albany. They returned to Hampshire County near the end of February. When the fishing season arrived, they established themselves, as usual, aboyjt the Fall^bove Deerfield. They also planted large fields of corn, both at Northfield and Deerfield. This would go to show that they considered themselves still masters of the situation. And we can readily credit the testimony of Thomas Beed, an escaped captive, that "they are secure and scornfiil, boasting of great things they have done, and will do." About the middle of April (1676), a party of these Deerfield Indians went down to Hatfield North Meadow, and drove off eighty head of horses and cattle. They kept these cattle for a time in the common field, previously well fenced by the settlers, at the 'Deerfield meadow, — where Reed saw them, and " found the bars put up to keep them in." >^The report which this man Reed brought in of the defiant fmanner of the savages, and- their quiet possession of the culti- Ivated fields of the expelled settlers, seems to have roused the spirit of the English, and induced them to take the offensive. /' This being the state of things,'' writes Mr. Russpll, " we think /the Lord calls us to make some trial what may be done against |them suddenly, without further delay ; and therefore the concur- ring resolution of men here seems to be to go out against them Ito-niorrow at night so as to be with them, the Lord assisting, \]before break of day." This was written May 15th, and the determination was carried into effect the 18th, when about one hundred and fifty mounted men, chiefly from the river towns, with Benjipnin Wait arid Experience Hinsdale as guides, started from Hatfield, " to assail the Indians at the falls above Deerfield." The expedition was under command of Capt. William Turner. j*Thef^ found the Indians all asleep, without having any scout [abroad, so that our soldiers came and put their guns into their /wigwams, before the Indians were aware of them, and did make ' a great and notable slaughter among them. Some got out of the wigwams andjfought, and killed one of the English ; others did enter the river to swim over from the English, but many were 30 shot dead In the waters, others wounded were therein drowned, many got into canoes to paddle away, but the paddles being shot, the canoes overset with all therein ; and the stream being violent and swift near the falls, most that fell overboard were carried upon the falls. Others of them, creeping foir shelter under the banks of the great river, were espied by our men and killed with their p words."* The number of In4ian3 slain^Tpiost of them women and children — was probably about one hundred and seventy-five, though the account at the time made it much largejj^/ /"But this first success in early morning, was, later in the day, whanged into a most disastrous rout of the English. The Indians who were camped on the east bank and on Smead's Island, crossed the river and assailed our men in the rear, after they had begun their homeward march. At the same time, a report that King Philip with a thousand warriors was at hand, got started, and produced a panic. Our men got scattered ; Capt. Turner was shot as he was passing Green river ; many lost their "way in the woods ; and though Capt. Holyoke, the second in command, conducted the retreat with great bravery and skill, he was followed by the victorious savages to the south end of Deerfield (meadow. In all, thirty-eight of the English were killed, three of whom were Hatfield men, viz. : Samuel Gillet, John Church, and William Alhs, Jr. *- The battle was fought on Friday ; but some of the men who got lost, wandered about for two or three days. Jonathan Wells, who was wounded, after severe suffering and several narrow escapes, reached Hatfield on the Sabbath. Rev. Hope Atherton, of Hatfield, who accompanied the troops, " after sub- sisting," as he says, "the space of three days and part of another, without ordinary food," came into Hadley about noon on Monday. ^^ ^This double defeat had its natural result. The English saw the need of a larger force, which could crush by its very weight ; and the Indians felt weakened by so great a loss, and consented themselves with securing a stock of provisions — partly by the fisheries, and partly by plunder. Their first plundering expedition was against Hatfield, which was easiest of access from their camp above Deei^eld. On the * History of Hadley. 31 30th of May, while most of the men were away at work in their planting field, a large body of Indians — numberiii^, by estima- tion, between two and three hundred — made a simultaneous attack on the line of palisadoed dwellings, on the herdsmen tend- ing the cattle, and on the men at work in the fields. Holding these last at bay, they fired twelve houses and barns, killed or drove away many of the cattle, and nearly all the sheep. Seeing the flames of the burning buildings, a company of twenty-five young men from Hadley crossed the river in face of a hot fire from the enemy, and by their daring bravery saved the town. This company lost five of their own number ; but so far as appears, none of Hatfield were slain. ^»— A large bqdy of troops now concentrated in the valley. About ifour hundred and fifty came up from Connecticut, under Major fTalcott. Capt. Henchman, with over three hundred and fifty men, arrived soon after from the Bay. These scoured the country, northward and eastward, and effectually scattered the enemy. In one expedition, they "burnt a hundred wigwams upon an island, ruined an Indian fort, spoiled an abundance of fish which they found in barns under ground, and destroyed thirty canoes." * Later, they destroyed all the standing corn, at Deerfield and Northfield. Few Indians were seen in the county later than July. They^ were suffering from famine and disease ; and were hunted from place to place. Many were killed. Some of the women and! •children gave themselves up or were taken prisoners. The death| of Philip, August 12th, appeared to put an end to the war. The] main body drew off towards Albany, where they were harbored, and supplied with arms by the authorities acting under Andros. The military operations of the preceding spring, as well as the danger imminent at that time, prevented the planting of the usual extent of ground. The North Meadow was not probably put in tillag#at all this year, consequently the harvests were light. Hatfield's Geeat Calamity. The spring of 1677 opened propitiously. Our people planted and tended their fields in peace ; and in summer gathered the hay from the intervals. * History of Hadley. % 32 Their sense of security is shown by the fact that a number whi were driven from Deerfield in the fall of '75, now returned ther and commenced to rebuild their houses. Though rendered cautious by experience, the settlers wer somewhat hardened by danger. They had the courage, am some of the recklessness which is always engendered by constan alarms, and perils, and escapes, and scouting. "They wen about their ordinary business with arms in their hands, and ti their solemn assemblies as one goeth- to the battle," — but it wa as much from habit as a sense of imminent danger. And as thi fishing season went by, without the return of the Indians to thei old haunts, and the period of full summer foliage of the trees— usually chosen because of the better facility for ,|[jnbush anc skulking — was past, they seem to have regarded themselves ai safe for the year. No scouts were sent out, and no guards wen maintained at home. ^But Hatfield paid dearly for her fancied security. On thi |19th of September — more than a year after, the war was con sidered closed — at eleven o'clock in the forenoon, while tht principal part of the men were dispersed in the meadows, anc unsiUpicious of danger, a party of Indians suddenly assaulted th( few men left at home — who just then were at work upon th( frame of a house outside the palisades-^^killed three of them, anc then fell upon the defenceless women and children. Before helj could come, they fired seven houses, killed nine — ^making twelve in all — wounded four, took seventeen captives, and escaped tc the cover of the woods 1 The boldness and suddenness of the movement assured its suc- cess. The people seem to have been paralyzed by the shock, and made no earnest effort at rescue. Perhaps the fear lest the captives might be tomahawked, if pursuit was made, and the hope that they would be spared, if unmolested, may have had weight. The Indians went that day to DeerfielA^ where thev killed one and captured four men, and halted for the night. Thev spent the second night at Northfield west meadow. They pro- ceeded further up the river, and camped on the east side, aboul twenty miles above Northfield, where they built a long wio-wam and remained about three weeks. About the middle of October the party — augmented by about eighty women and children. 33 taken in the neighborhood of Wachusett — moved off, crossing the (jountry to Lake Champlain, and thence to Canadar Ji«.With perhaps an individual exception, these sevenj^een from {Hatfield, and those taken at Deerfield, were the first captives from the valley that had to endure the sufferings and perils of a march throHgh the" then almost impassable wilderness. The captives taken in the two preceding years, with two exceptions, were either burnt at the stake or otherwise tortured to death ! yOf those whose descendants settled Whately, Sergeant Isaac fcrraves, and John Graves were killed ; Hannah, the wife of John Coleman, and her babe Berthia, were, killed ; another child wounded, and two taken captive ; Mary, the wife of Samuel Belding, was killed ; the wife and daughter of John Wells were wounded, and his daughter Elizabeth, aged two, was killed ; the wife of Obadiah Dickinson was wounded, himself and one child carried off ,'^bigail, daughter of Jgh n AUis, aged six ; Martha, the wife of Benjamin Wait, and her three daughters ; Mary, the wife of Samuel Foote, her daughter Mary, aged three, and a young son, were carried into captivity. S.Thu8, in the three years of the war, twenty-seven of Hatfield fwere killed and nineteen made prisoners. In regard to both life and property, the loss of this town was greater in pro- portion to population than any of the surviving towns in the valley. "From one-third to one-half the houses were burnt, ■ and the greater part of their kine, sheep, and horses killed or driven off." JikThe story of Benjamin Wai t, whose house, situated on the /west side of Hatfield street, just south of King's Hill, was burnt, ^and whose family were among the captives taken on the 19th of September, possesses both a local and a public interest ; and as he was the ancestor of many of our families, it should have a place in these annals. At the time of our narrative, he is a young man of about thirty ; his family consisted of his wife Martha, and three little girls, Mary, aged six, Martha, four, and .Sarah, two. Inured to woodcraft, and familiar with Indian cus- toms, it is not difficult to imagine what was his first impulse "frhen he reached the ashes of his home, and learned the fate 34 of his young wife and babes. But he had prudence^ as well as haste, and wisely, as the event proved, took counsel of his second thoughts. ■• ^ But after enduring a month of suspense, Wait, and his friend Stephen Jennings — whose family was also among the captives — determined to ascertain the fate of their friends, and redeem them, if found alive. With a commission from the Governor of Massachusetts, they set but from Hatfield, October 24, to go by way of Westfield to Albany,— then the only traveled route to Canada. -ikThe authorities at Albany, who were on friendly terms with the French and their Indian allies, blocked their plans, and, after vexatious detentions, sent them, on a false pretence, to New York. At length, through the intercession of Capt. Brock- hurst, they were sent back to Albany with a pass. It was now the 19th of November ; and it was the 10th of December before they got on their way. A Frenchman whom they had hired to act as guide was bribed by the Dutch Governor, and deserted them ; and they were forced to engage a Mohawk Indian to con- duct them to Lake George. This savage, who proved true to] them, fitted up a canoe, and made a drawing of the lakes by ; which they were to pass. " They were three days passing the first lakes, ^.nd then carrying their canoe two miles over a neck of land, they entered the great lake, which the second day, they hoping to trust to the ice, left their canoe ; but having traveled one day upon the ice they were forced to return back to fetch their canoe, and then went by water till they came to the land, being windbound six days in the interim : so as they made it 1 about the first of January, having traveled three^ days without ai bit of bread, or any other relief but some raccoon's flesh, which they had killed in an hollow tree/ " On the 6th of January they came to Chamblee, a small vil- lage of ten houses belonging to the French, — only by the way they met with a bag of biscuit and a bottle of brandy in an empty wigwam, with which they were not a little refreshed ; and in traveling towards Sorell, fifty miles distant from thence, they came to a lodging of Indians, among whom they found the wife of Jennings." * They found the remainder of the captives at * Hubbard's New England. 35 Sorell, and to his great joy, Wait found a little daughter added to his family. Hgjoame^jtigjj^aflads** Unable to secure all the captives without the assistance of the French authorities, they went down to Quebec. Here they were well entertained by the Governor, who granted their desire, and assigned them a guard of eleven soldiers foir the journey to Albany. They left Quebec on the 19th of April, and Sorell on the 2d of May, having redeemed all the captives then living. They reached Albany on their return. May 22. From Albany, a messenger was sent to Hatfield, with letters, telling of their success and need of assistance. But Wait's letter, will tell its own story : — Albany, May 23, 1678. ■vTo my loving Friends and Kindred at Hatfield, — ! These few lines are to let you understand that we are arrived at Albany now with the captives, and we now stand in need of assistance, for my charges are very great and heavy ; and therefore any that have any love to our condition, let it move them to come and help us in this strait. Three of the captives are murdered, — old Goodman Plympton, Samuel Foot's daughter, Samuel Kussell. All the rest are alive and well and now at Albany, namely, Obadiah pickinson and his child, Mary Foot and her child, Hannah Jennings and 3 children, Abj^ ai^ Allis. Abigail Bartholo- mew, Goodman Coleman's children, Samuel Kellogg, my wife and four children, and Quintin Stockwell. I pray you hasten the matter, for it requireth great haste. Stay not for the Sabbath, nor shoeing of horses. We shall endeavor to meet you at Kanterhook ; it may be at Housatonock. iJVe must come very softly because of our wives and childreij^ I pray you, ' hasten them, stay not night nor day, for the matter requireth haste. Bring provisions with you for us. Your loving kinsman, Benjamin Waite. / At Albany, written from mine own hand. As I have been aflfected to /yours all that were fatherless, be affected to me now, and hasten the mat- 1 ter and stay not, and ease me of niy charges. You shall not need to be / afraid of any enemies. y^ After stopping at Albany three days, they started. May 27, (and walked twenty-two miles to Kinderhook, where they met * Canada Wait m. Joseph Smith, son of the John Smith of Hadley who was slain in Hatfield Meadow, May 30, 1676 ; she was the grandmother of the late Oliver Smith. 36 men and horses from Hatfield. They rode through the woods to'°\ Westfield, and all reached home safely after an absence of eight } months. "The ransom of the captives cost abov% £200, which^ was gathered by contribution among the English. '^ ^^Copies of this letter and one from Stockwell wei-e carried to fMedfield, and thence sent to the Governor and Council at JBoston. On their receipt, the following official notice was Ussued : "Knowing that the labour, hazard, and charge of said Benjamin Wait and his associate have been great, we recommend their case with the captives for relief to the pious charity of the elders, ministers, and congregations of the several towns ; that on the fast day [previously appointed] they manifest their charity by contributing to the relief of said persons. And the ministers are desired to stir up the people thereunto. For quickening this work, we do hereby remit a copy of Benjamin Wait's letter to be read publickly, either before or upon that day : and what is freely given is to be remitted to Mr. Anthony Stoddard, Mr. John Joylifi^, and Mr. John Richards, or either of them, who are appointed to deliver and distribute the same for the ends aforesaid." Signed, "Edw. Eawson, Sec'y^ 7** Wait rebuilt his burnt house ; but it is not strange that he was a changed man. The next few years were years of peace. He reared a family of three hardy boys, in addition to the girls already named. When the news reached Hatfield of the French and Indian attack on Deerfield, Feb. 29, 1704, — though near sixty years old, — he was the first to start for her relief. He was killed by a musket ball in the meadow fight of that morning. ■ y>iWe cannot refrain from saying. All honor to the brave scout T^and Indian fighter ! His name is not often mentioned among / the heroes of those wars : but among them all, — among those j who did most for their country's welfare, and stood firmest in the hour of her early peril ; who dared, and suffered, and made no boasts, and claimed no official distinction; who offered his life ' in sacrifice for those he loved, — among those whose heroic deeds have made this beautiful valley immortal, no name is brighter, and no one's memory is more worthy to be cherished than that of Benjamin Wait. 37 Thus did our fathers receive early the baptism of blood,'— bj which they did enter into living covenant with Him whos« was their " life, and breath, and all . things " ; whose Provi- dence was their strength and defence, and whose Grace was their Hope. And thus by a " fiery trial " were they fitted tc give vital force to the life, and shape to the character, and firn: foundation to the social and religious institutions which are oui favored heritage to-day. CHAPTE'E IV. AN INTERIM OF PEACE, 1678 1700. Among the names of interest, as connected with these annals, added to the list of settlers since our last enumeration, were those of Robert Bard well, who is first introduced to the valley in a military capacity ; Thomas Crafts, a refugee from Deerfield, earlier from Roxbury ; Eleazer F ra r y of Medfield ; Benjamin Wait; William Scott, probably from Waterbury or Farming- ton, Ct. ; Samuel Marsh, from Hartford ; Samuel Gillet, from Windsor; John Wells, from Stratford, Ct. ; and Dr. Thomas H^asting s, from Watertown. The wastes of war had been great. With the loss of life and buildings, the neglect, of the fields, and the derangement of trade, every thing had been set back. Farm employments had been so difficult and dangerous, that only the necessaries of life had been obtained, — no more had been attempted, — and the brush and wild grasses had made encroachments, and the fences were fallen down. In many respects it was like beginning anew. But though sorely crippled, the settlers seem not to have been disheartened. They set themselves in earnest to repair the waste, and re-establish their homes, and add to their com- forts and conveniences. Apple and quince trees were more commonly planted. And now, for the first time, houses were built on the " Hill," west of Mill River. A larger breadth of land was put in corn and wheat and flax ; barley for malting was more commonly raised, ^he destruction of their sheep had made a scarcity of wool ; and these agricul- tural products and malt were needed to meet the increased demand for taxes, and as a medium of exchange for some 39 foreign luxuries, which now for the first time appear to have been introduced into this part of the valley. Jl^iWar always loosens the restraints' and vitiates the simpler |tastes of home life. It engenders a heedless, arrogant spirit, I "destructive alike of habits of economy and regard for the rights and feelings of others, and brings into play the more selfish passions. Its maxim is, that "Might makes right," and hence too often, even in wars of nedessity and defence, it comes to be an acknowledged principle, that the end sanctifies the means. With the return of peace, there usually comes a period of extravagance and lawlessnes^ ^.^he quartering upon our people of so many oflScers and /soldiers from the older settlements, many of them of the ^wealthier classes, ha3 introduced new social ideas, and awak- ened a desire for dress, and the other accompaniments of rank. These military men were looked upon as their saviors ; and, of course, demanded their gratitude and kind consideration. They' gladly shared with them their homes, and the best provisions their straitened circumstances permitted. A petition sent to the General Court by the friends of Rev. Mr. Russell of Hadley, whose house was the headquarters of the army, gives us some insight into this matter. They say, "The chief gentlemen improved in the affairs of the war were entertained there, which called for provisions answerable, and was of the best to be had ; that he had to draw divers barrels of ale, and much wine, and fruit suitable to the company ; and had no more credit for such company by the week or meal than other men [had] for ordinary entertainment." Perhaps all could not command for their guests such meats and drinks ; but there is no doubt that all furnished " the best to be had." Very naturally, these officers, especially the lower grades, who were brought more directly in contactt with the people, instilled some of their own feelings and social theories into the minds of the young men and maidens. Veryl naturally, the latter wanted to appear well in the eyes of the! former, and adopted some notions not exactly consistent with, their present impoverished condition. Very naturally, they cov-i eted the luxuries and copied the fashions prevalent at Boston) and Hartford. Very naturally, linsey-woolsey had to give place) to silks ; and laces and ornaments came to be regarded as essen-j 40 tial to fully set off natural charms, — to the great grief of sts old fathers and mothers, and the offence of the magistrates. The laws of the Colony which regulated matters of dref and ornament, and family expenses, and restrained excessi have been much criticised, and often held up to ridicule, a sometimes adduced in proof of Puritan intolerance and narro mindedness. •'^These early fathers certainly differed greatly opinion from us. But they differed as greatly in condition ; p( haps, in their circumstances, they were as wise and tolerant their children^ To show the grounds and reasons for their sumptuary law as understood by themselves, the act " against excesse in apps rell," passed 14 October, 1651, is here copied in full : — 5jfcAlthough severall declarations and orders have bin made by this Coui fagainst excesse in apparrell, both of men and weomen, which have i I taken that effect as were to be desired, but, on the contrary, wee cam I but to our greife take notice that intoUerable excesse and bravery hi \ crept in uppon us, and especially amongst people of mean condition, the dishonnor of God, the scandall of our profession, the consumption estates, and altogether unsuiteable to our povertie ; and although acknowledge it to be a matter of much dilBcultie, in regard to the blindi of mens minds and the stubbornes of their willes, to sett downe exact ru to confine all sorts of persons\fett wee cannot but account it our duty commend unto all sortes of persons the sober and moderate use of th( blessings which, beyond expectation, the Lord hath bin pleased to affo! unto us in this wilderness, and also to declare our utter detestation a dislike that men or weomen of meane condition should take uppon th( ' the garbe of gentlemen, by wearing gold or silver lace or buttons, points at their knees, or to walk in greate bootes, or weomen of the sa rancke to weare silke oi' tiffany hoodes or scarfes, which though allowa to persons of greater estates, or more liberall education, yett wee cam but judge it intoUerable in persons of suchlike condition: — itt is thereft ordered by this Courte, and the authority thereof, that no person witl this jurisdiction, or any of their relations depending uppon them, whi visible estates, reall and personall, shall not exceede the true and indifi ent valew of two hundred pounds, shall wear any gold or silver lace, gold and silver buttons, or any bone lace above two shillings pr. ya or silk hoods, or scarfes, uppon the penaltie of tenn shillings for ev( such offence, and every such delinquent to be presented by the grai And forasmuch as distinct and particular rules in this case, suiteable the estate or quallitie of each person, cannot easily be given, itt is furti ordered by the authoritie aforesaid, ithat the selectmen of every toune, the major part of them, are heereby enabled and required from time 41 time to have regard and take notice of apparrell in any of the inhabitants of their sevcrall tounes respectively, and whosoever they shall judge to exceede their rancks and abillities in the costlines or ffashiop of their apparrell in any respect, especially in the wearing of ribbons or great bootes (leather being so scarce a commoditie in this counttie,) — lace pointes, &c. silke hoods or scarfes, the selectmen aforesaid shall have power to assesse such persons so offending in any of the particulars above mentioned, in the country rates, at two hundred pounds estates, according to that proportion that such men use to pay to whom such apparrell is suiteable and allowed, — provided this lawe shall not extend to the restraint of any magistrate or publicke officer of the jurisdiction, their wives and children, who are left to their discretion in wearing of apparrell, or any settled railUtary officer or souldier in the time of millifary service, or any other whose education and imploiments have bin above the ordinary degree, or whose estates have bin considerable, though now decaied«*f^ Under this law, at the March Term of the Court for Hamp- shire County, 1676, " the jury presented sixty-eight persons, viz. (thirty-eight wives and maids, and thirty young men, some for wearing silk and that in a flaunting manner, and others for long hair and other extravagancies." Joseph Barnard and his wife Sarah, and his sister Sarah, Thomas Crafts, Jonathan Wells, and the wife of Thomas Wells, Jr., " were fined ten shillings." In September, 1682, the selectmen of the five River towns were all " presented " to the Court for " not assessing, according to law," those of the inhabitants of their several towns that " wore silk" and "were excessive in their apparel." But the public sentiment had undergone a change. TheS young man could fight the Indians as well as his father ; and } personal courage was a passport to favor; and the young men( and young women combined and declared their independence. 1 They — the young women — put on all the silks, and scarfs, andi gold rings they could induce their brothers .and beaux to pur- ( chase for them, and defied the law ! Of course the law was a i dead letter. I yChere is another law of the Colony — not often referred to, ^ut important, as showing the temper of the times — which I vrill quote in this connection. It will help explain some of the cus- toms of the early settlers, to be described more fully hereafter. It is the Order of the Court ot 14 May, 1656, "requiring y" improovement of all hands in spinning^: — 42 / an P«.This Court, taking into serious consideration the present straights and /necessities that lye uppon the countrie in respect of cloathing, which is not I like to be so plentifully supplied from forraigne parts as in times past, and / not knowing any better way and meanes conduceable to our subsistence \ than the improoveing of as many hands as may be in spining woole, cotton, /flax, &c. — P>» _R^4f _ tliereifac e prJ,ere§ by this Court and the authoritie thereof, that all Vhands not necessarily imploide on other occasions, as weomen, girles, and {boyes, shall and hereby are enjoyned to spinn according to their skills and- abillitie ; and that the selectmen in every toune doe consider the con- dition and capacitie of every family, and accordingly to assesse them at one or more spinners ; and because several families are necessarily imploied the greatest part of theire time in other busines, yet, if opportunities were attended, some time might be spared at large by some of them for this worke, the said selectmen shall therefore assess such families at hal f or a quarter of a spinner, according to theire capacities ; Secondly, that every one thus assessed for a whole spiner doe, after this present yeare, 1656, spinn, for thirty weekes every yeare, three pounds. pr. weeke of linin, cot- ton, or woollen, and so proportionably for half or quarter spinners, under the penaltie of twelve pence for every pound short ; and the selectmen shall take speciall care for the execution of this order, which'may be easily ( effected, by deviding theire several tonnes into tenn, six, five, and to appoint one of the tenn, six, or five to take an account of theire division, and to certifie the selectmen if any are defective in what they are assessed, who shall improove the aforesaid penalties imposed upon such as are negliT gent, for the encouragement of those that are diligent in their Xahowt^^ r This " mind " of the Court was in force — not latterly as a law, [but as a custom — for near one hundred and fifty years ^ As a further illustration of the condition of families in those early times, and the conveniences of housekeeping, and the kind and value of Stock and tools upon a good farm, the Inven- i tory of Lieut. William Allis, taken Sept. 18, 1678, is herewith f appended : — ■ In purse and apparrell, . Arms and ammunition, Beds and their furniture. Napkins and other linen. Brass and pewter pieces. Iron utensils. Cart and plow irons, chains, stilliards. Tables, pitchforks, cushions, sythe. Barrels, tubs, trays. Woolen and linen yarne. Several sorts of grain, flax. £9 13 6 1 9 5 2 1 a 10 2 11 6 7 5 1 19 3 9 6 18 6 11 12 43 2 horses, 7 3 cows, 2 steers, 2 calves, 1 heifer, . . . 20 Swine and Sheep 10 8 Houses and home lot, ...... 100 Land in South meadow 114 " in Great and Little meadow 136 " " Plain and Swamp 20 " " Quinepiake 28 13 £ 496 06 6 Pastuees. — Cows and sheep were pastured on the "Con« mons " lying to the west and northwest of the street. Youngv stock of all kinds was " marked," and turned out to run at large, j As soon as the cattle became sufficiently numerous, i.e., about) l^fiSO, a. pQw-liorH v^as employed. An agreement is recorded by which a man engaged to keep the town herd from early in May to Sept. 29, for twelve shillings a week, payable in grain. He was to start the herd in the morning by the time the sun was an hour high, take them to good feed, watch them, and bring them in seasonably at night/ The date, Sept. 29, is named, because this was the time when all crops on the intervals were required to be gathered, and after which the proprietors pastured the cows in their enclosed fields until the snow fell. ,0^he care taken ' that none should be deprived of religious ordinances, is evinced in the vote of the town requiring every owner of cows or sheep to take his turn in tending the herd on the Sabbath, — thus giv- ing the cowherd or shepherd an equal share in the rest andi privileges of holy time. Hatfield had two hundred and seventy-j three sheep in 1691. ^By a law of the Colony, a dog that bit or killed sheep was to pe hanged. Usually, the guilty dog was taken to the woods, a leaning staddle was bent down, and a cord was fastened to the top andto the dog's neck ; the elastic sapling then sprung back, with the dog dangling in the air. Sometimes both cats and dogs were hanged at the short end of the well-swipe. *|>« Bashan. — About this time, probably in 1682, the meadows lying north of Great Meadow were divided, and allotted among * Sylvester Judd, Esq. 44 the inhabitants. No doubt the planters and mowers, as they worked close up to Little Pond, had often looked wishfully over the ridge to the goodly and fruitful land beyond. No wonder, ! as they saw its noble oaks and walnuts, Slnd its fat pasturage, they named it "Bashan." Like the other meadows, this tract was first divided into two parts, now known as Old Farms and West Farms ; and each of the then fifty-eight proprietors received a lot in both parts. Three or four houses were built on Bashan near this date. The cellar holes of two of these houses, and stones used for the chimneys, may now, or could till recently, be seen on land of R. H. Belden, Esq. One of these houses was " fortified," as appears from the records of 1695. But owing to their great distance from the village, and the diflSculty of getting to and fro, especially during the spring freshets, and their exposure to Indian assaults, they were abandoned for a time, perhaps permanently, about the time of the breaking out of the war of 1703. When David Graves built in the Straits, thirty years later, some of the timbers from one of these Bashan houses was transferred and used in part as the frame of his dwelling house (the old Stoekbridge Tavern). Possibly the Bashan settlement was not finally abandoned till about 1728. The Foue Divisions of Commons.— Up to 1683 only a small portion of the lands in Hatfield township had been dis- tributed among the inhabitants. All the Eiver meadows north of Bashan ; and all the uplands west of the " Hill " and the Straits road, were lying common, and used for general pas- turage. But now these upland Commons were divided, and apportioned among the settlers. Oct. 21, 1684.— "The town hath agreed to divide the Com- mons in the town (except what is reserved for home lots, sheep pastures, etc.) to every inhabitant, according to his present val- uation of estates ; and the said Commons shall be laid out in Four Divisions,— the first to begin upon the plain behind the Mill, and end at the northerly line of the uppermost lot laid out in Mill river Swamp : The second to begin at the north side of the uppermost lot in the Mill river Swamp, and end at the north side of the town bounds : The Third Division to begin at the northwest side of the highway that goeth towards Northamp- 45 on, and from the hill commonly called Sandy Hill, and end at he rising up of the side of the hill called the Chestnut Moun- ain : The Fourth .Division to begin where the Third division mdeth, and to end at the outside of the town bounds." As will appear from this vote, , the whole territory lying west if the River meadows was mafked off into two parallelograms, me embracing the land between the said River meadows * and jhestnut-plain road, and the other the tract west of this road. These main divisions were then cut by an east and west line, ■unning nearly parallel to though not coincident with the present louth line of Whately. The whole of the second and fourth, md nine lots in the third, divisions, lay in Whately. Each Hatfield inhabitant then holding real and ratable estate, lixty-nine in number, received a lot in each of the four divisions. The principle of distribution, i.e., the size of each man's lots, was ! according to the present valuation of estates." This, of course, Bade great diversity in the size of the lots. The allotment thus uade in 1684 was confirmed in 1716, and re-confirmed in 1735. As the second and fourth of these divisions comprised the lands which now constitute nearly the whole of the town of Whately, the names of the original grantees, with the number find width of each man's lot, must be a matter of historic interest jnd value, and the record is herewith presented : — A List of the Second Division of Commons, as they were laid and staked out April 25, 1716. — This Division of Lots runs West and by North, East and by South, abutting on an highway on the West side of the Mill River Swamp westerly; and part against a great bank by the Wet Swamp, part against the Farms, and part against the great River easterly : — No. Width-R. ft. No. Width— R ft. 1 Daniel White 32 10 8 SattLuel Allis_ . 21 7 2 Step. Tailor's heirs 3 8 9 Mr. Chauncey 7 15 3 Walter Hixon 9 6 10 Richard Morton . . 31 10 4 Samuel Gun 6 4 11 Hez. Dickinson . 9 144 6 John Smith's heirs 4 10 12 Benj. Wait . . 22 124 6 Widow Graves U 3 13 Edward Church . . 28 11 7 Tho's Hastings . 9 14* 14 William King 6 4 * The easterly boundary of the Second Division was a very irregular one. For a distance, it run on the bank west of Hopewell ; then on the west line of the Bradstreet Farm ; and from the north line of this farm to the Deerfield line it touched the Connecticut River. 46 No. Wi ath-R. ft. No. Width-E. ft. 13 JshaAllU • 62 104 44 Sam'l Carter 8 4 16 Samuel Kellogg . 18 4 45 Sam'l Gailor 25 114 17 Mart. Kellogg 6 4 46 Widow Pellows . 13 34 18 Joseph Belknap . 25 llj 47 Sam'l Billings' heirs . 6 10 19 John Wells . 26 11 48 William Gull 28 164 20 Samuel Marsh 11 9 49 Tho's Meekins, Sen. • . 14 134 21 John Coles . 36 9 30 Sam'l Gillet's heirs 6 4 32 10 51 John Steel . 6 4 23 Philip Russell 21 12 52 Joseph Bodmau . 6 4 24 Town Lot . 7 16 63 John Graves 10 6 25 Ephraim Beers 7 16 54 Tho's Wells' heirs, add. 26 Bobert Poage 6 4 to Noah W. 27 Sam'l Graves, Jr. 8 144 65 JohnPield . 13 28 Tho's Meekins, Jr. heirs 7 94 56 Tho's Loomis 11 - 29 Daniel Belding . 14 8 57 John Hubbard . 11 - 30 Robert Bardwell . 10 9 58 Step. Gennings . 9 - 31 Sam'l Partridge . 10 144 69 Sam'l Belding, Jr. 17 32 Benj. Hastings 10 144 60 Sam'l Graves, Sen. . 10 - 33 Step. Belding . 14 . 10 134 9 61 John White . 10 - 34 Samuel Wells 62 William Arms 8 - 35 Samuel Field . 12 94 63 Noah Wells . 5 - 36 John Coleman . 36 64 Mr. Atherton's heirs 8 - A Highway . . 10 - 65 Oba. Dickinson . 7 - 37 Tho's Bracy . 5 154 66 Benj. Barrit . 4 38 Isaac Graves . 15 7 67 Daniel Warner . 23 - 39 Sam'l Belding, Sen. . 32 64 68 Eleazar Frary . 10 40 Wm. Soott . . 14 . 10 134 3 69 Nath'l Dickinson. Sen. 24 - 41 Joseph :gjgj^ 70 An overplus granted t 42 Sam'l Poot . . 12 14 Mr. Williams. 43 Nath'l Dickinson. Jr. . 17 34 The Fourth Division of Commons. Laid out April 29, 1716. This Division runs East and West, hounded on an Highway ten rods wide, laid out next the Mill River Swamp, East; and on the end of the six Mile from great River, West. This Division runs ninety-one rods beyond the Roaring Brook, where was set up a long square stone, and a Bass tree marked with six Splashes. No. 1 JoseghJKeld 2 Widow Graves 3 Sam'l Poot . 4 William Arms 6 Step. Belding 6 Bobert Bardwell 7 Sam'l Allis . 8 _San^:j,I>ickinsqp 9 Mr. Atherton 10 John Coleman 11 Hez. Dickinson Wid th— R. 10 ft. 6 11 6 13 - 8 14 15 - 10 11 24 11 33 - 9 - 37 - 10 2 No. Wid 12 Sam'l Wells . th-E. 10 ft. 11 13 DarueT^hite 33 4 - 14 John Smith's heirs 11 15 John Field . 14 - 16 Widow Fellows . 13 6 17 John Steel . 6 5 18 Edw. Church 29 _ 19 Nath'l Dickinsgn, Sen. 20 Daniel Warner 25 23 10 21 Eleazer Frary . . 22 Sam'l GaUor . 16 26 5 47 No. Width-E. ft. No. Widtb— R. ft. 23 John Cowles . . 37 - 47 Sam'l Graves, Sen. 10 3 24 William King 6 5 48 Martin Kellogg 6 5 25 Sam'l Gillef s heirs 6 8 49 Tho's Meekin's heirs 8 3 26 John Hubbard . 11 4 Set off to the Wes1 An highway . . . 10 - 50 Isaac Graves . 15 10 27 John White . . 10 3 51 Benj. Barrit . 6 28 Sam'l 'Belding, Jr. . 18 3 52 Tho's Bracy . 6 29 Sam'l Field . . 12 11 53 Town Lot 8 - 30 Sam'l Belding, Sen . 32 12 11 - 31 Ephraim Beers 8 - 55 Sam'l Graves, Jr. . 9 - 32 Dan'l Belding . 14 11 56 Joseph Bodman 6 5 33 William Gull . 29 5 57 Sam'l Billings' heirs 8 8 34 Sam'l Carter . 6 5 58 John Graves . 10 8 35 Step. Taaor's heirs 6 5 69 Joseph Belknap 26 - 36 Tho's Wells, add. to Noah 60 Sam'l Marsh . 11 11 Wells. 61 Philip Russell 22 - 37 Sam'l Partridge . 11 - 62 Noah Wells . 6 3 38 Tho's Lbomis . 11 6 33 TWsjfa^tiggs . 10 - 39 Sam'l Kellogg . 18 8 Set off to the West on top of Hill . 40 Oba. Dickinson . 10 - 64 Walter Hixon 9 8 41 Tho's Meekins, Sen . heirs 15 - 65 Step. Genings 9 4 42 Richard Morton . 32 - 66 Benj. Wait . 23 - 43 Mr. Chauncey 8 5 6 67 Nath'l Dickinson. Jr. 7 . 27 5 44 Kobert Poage 68 John Wells . - 45 Jgh,n AUis . . 53 5 69 William Scott 15 - 46 Samuel Gun . 6 5 In addition to the second and fourth divisions, nine lots, num- bered from sixty-one to sixty-nine, in the third division of Commons, were in Whately, assigned to Samner Gun, Edward Church, Benjamin Hastings, Widow Fellows, Richard Morton, Nathaniel Dickinson, Jr., John Coleman, Samuel Billings's heirs, Benjamin Wait. The width of these nine lots, in the aggregate, was one hundred and fifty-four rods. The "Three Miles Addition," now the town of Williamsburg, though granted by the General Court in 1695, was not divided and allotted to the inhabitants till 1740. The grant of eight thousand and sixty-four acres known as the " Hatfield Equivalent," adjacent to Huntstown (situated in the present town of Hawley), was allotted in 1744. The tract was apportioned into two parts ; and each proprietor, eighty-three in number,, received a lot in each part. 48 Roads. — The location of the public (in distinction from the proprietors' ) roads properly deserves attention in connection with the division of Commons, as both were parts of a common plan. Taken together, the system devised was at once simple and con- venient, giving each land owner the readiest access to his' several lots. The general plan was, roads running nearly parallel with the river, at about a mile distant from each other, intersected at nearly right angles by cross rOads, at convenient distances. All these highways were originally ten rods wide. The " base line " of all the. roads was the " Straits," which followed negjly the Indian trail from Umpanchala's Fort to Pocumtuck. This was, practically, the dividing line between the meadows, on the one hand, arid the Commons on the other. It was very early accepted as a county road. The next, in importance if not in time, was the road over Chestnut Plain. When the Commons were first marked off into two parallel divisions in 1684, a space ten rods wide was left between them unappropriated, to be used when occasion should require. This is recognized as a road in the records' of April, 1716. The vote of the town laying a public highway here bears date 1756, though several houses had been built on the line some years earlier. And, what is worthy of note, this highway was not surveyed and definitely located till it was done by Whately, in May, 1776. Probably the Poplar hill road, the road from Spruce hill south over Chestnut mountain, and the Claverack road, were designated early, but no vote laying them out as highways,' has been found on Hatfield Records. The highway from Deerfield line by Abraham Parker's (previously a "close road," with bars,) to the Bradstreet Proprietors' highway, near R. T. Morton's corner^ was laid out in 1756 ; and, at the same time, the said proprie- tor's highway was accepted as a public road. This run origi- nally south of the cemetery, and struck the "Straits" below the John Wait place. In 1755, a road was laid from the Straits eastwardly " by Ebenezer Morton's," to the road dividing Old Farms and West Farms, thence to Denison's Farm. Consid- erably earlier 'than this, a path had been marked out and trav- eled, from the Straits, near " Mother George," northwesterly, through " Egypt," to Chestnut plain. This had several branches. 49 one of which was the " Conway path," used by tne emigrants from the Cape, in 1763. This was the only feasible road for teams, between the east part and the centre of Whately, till near, the time pf its incorporation. The road now known as " Christian Lane," was originally a reserved lot in the Second Division of Commons, and was only a bridle path, or at best a log causeway, for many years. Private roads — or proprietors' highways — all of which had bars or gates, were laid when needed. Such was the path from Hatfield Street to Great Meadows ; and later, to Bashan ; and later still, continued northerly through Denison's Farm, by the " Old Orchard." Such, also, was the road from the county road near "Mother George," to "Hopewell"; and another, further north, from Benjamin Scott's to near Joshua Beldin's. But to return to our narrative. The tide of settlement which started northward into Bashan in 1682, was arrested by the breaking out of King William's War in 1688. Taught by past experience, the Hatfield settlers had not neg- lected preparations for a possible renewal of hostilities. They had extended the lines of palisades so that they reached two hundred and twenty-nine rods on one side, and two hundred and. forty-six rods on the other, enclosing the greatest part of the village. The house of Mr. Williams was " fortified," as were three houses on the Hill, and one at the Farrtis. " Watches " were set at night, and " warders," or day watch- ers were employed, from May 1st to the time of " the fall of the leaves," — the Indians as a rule, making their attacks while the leaves were on the trees, for better concealment, or in the dead of winter ;. and a "guard" was always stationeid in or near the meeting-house upon Cord's days, and lecture days, and public meeting days. All males from sixteen to sixty, except those exempted by law, were required to train four days in a year. But now for a time, stricter watches, and wards, and almost daily scouting were kept up ; and though there were no important battles in the neighborhood, small skulking parties of Indians kept the people on the alert. As early as 1687, Hatfield had a 50 ... • . full militia company of sixty-four men. John Allis was the first captain. In 1690, Hatfield had eighty soldiers. To understand the care and cost of these military precautions, it may be stated, that at this time the pay of a private soldier was six shillings per week ; drummer and corporal, seven shil- lings ; clerk and sergeant, nine, shillings ; ensign, twelve shil- lings ; lieutenant, fifteen shillings ; captain, thirty shillings ; the pay of mounted men, and most of the scouting was performed by troopers, was twenty-five per cent, higher. For subsistence, the price of board for soldiers on the march was eight pence per day, soldiers in garrison, three shillings and six pence per week. Many were billeted in families, and fared the same as their hosts. The ordinary rations were pork or beef, bread or dry biscuit, and peas. When on expeditions, they often carried the Indian food called Nocake, i.e., Indian corn parched and beaten into meal. Sometimes, rum, sugar, pipes, and tobacco were fur- nished the troops. When horses were fed at grass, the price per full day was three pence ; at hay and provender, six pence. Sept. 16, 1696, the Indians came suddenly upon Deerfield Village and took Daniel Belding and two children, Nathaniel and Esther, killed his wife Elizabeth and three children, Daniel, John, and Thankful, and wounded Samuel and Abigail, who recovered, though Samuel's skull was fractured. The remaining children hid among some tobacco which had been hung to dry in the attic, and were not discovered. The middle of July, 1698, four Indians came into the upper part of North Meadow, where men and boys, were hilling corn, and killed John Billings, aged twenty-four, and Nathaniel Dick- inson, Jr., thirteen, and took Samuel Dickinson, aged eleven, and a lad named Charley. They shot at NathjagigJL Dick jnson , Sen., and killed his horse, but he escaped. This war lasted ten years. Taxes. — The burden of taxation, on account of the Indian wars, was heavy on the young settlement. The "Country Bates" — nearly the same as our State taxes — assessed on the estates and polls of Hatfield, for the three years, 1675, '76, and '77, amounted to £117. In 1692 this tax was £184. A part of this was payable in grain, and part was a money tax. The 51 latter was regarded as especially severe ; for^ according to a statement in a petition sent to the Government, '* not one in ten of the inhabitants of the county have any income of money in an^ manner." In a liise petition, Hatfield said, " Money is not to be had here." In one or two instances the Court agreed to compound the money rates, by receiving "corn at two-thirds the country pay prices." Sometimes a respite or abatement was granted. "In ans' to them of Hattfeild, it is ordered, that the rates of those of that toune who have bin impoverished by the late cruelty of the innemy burning doiine their habitations, shall be respitted and left. in their hands untill the Court shall give further order therein." [Colony Hec, 30 Oct., 1677.] A single ". country rate " was an assessment of one shilling and eight pence on males over sixteen years old, and one penny per pound on real and personal estate. Once only, a tax was levied on females. In June, 1695, it was ordered, that single women who earn a livelihood should pay two shillings each, — being one half as much as the poll tax of males for that year, . The prices at which " country pay " was receivable for taxes were from time to time fixed by law. "Oct. 15, 1650. — Itt is ordered by this Courte, that all sortes of corn shall be paid into the country rate at these prizes following, viz : wheate and bar- ley at five shillings pr. bushell ; rye and pease at four shillings ; Indian at three shillings, marchantable." The payment of the Province tax of Hatfield in time of war required no transportation. This being a frontier town, sol- diers were constantly quartered upon the inhabitants, who were expected to charge the stipulated price for subsistence, etc. ; and this amounted to a much krger sum than the town tax. The charges allowed Hatfiey, up to May 1, 1676, for feeding men and horses, and supplies for various expeditions, footed up £788. In October, 1680, there was still due the town on these war charges, £400. This was fully paid by the Government before 1684. Besides the country rate, there was a county rate,-^payable like the former, and at the same prices, in grain ; the minister's rate, payable in grain at town 'prices (which were lower than country prices) ; the town rate, to discharge town debts ; and various others of special character, such as scholars' rates, herds- 52 men's, and shepherds' rates, bridge rales, etc. When a rate was duly assessed by the rate-makers, the list and the whole matter of adjustment was put in the hands of the constable, who settled with each individual, and carried the balance (of grain) due to whomsoever was entitled to receive it. To show how accounts with the town were balanced, some examples, copied from the constable's book, are subjoined : — Ensign Frar^ To goeing to y" Bay deputy 29 days ditto, goeing to y^ Bay 10 days at 3s. ditto, goeing to y° Bay 20 days at Ss. more writeings at money To Keeping y' Bull one winter j To Assessing 3 days at 2/6 Hatfield, January 20, 1695. By his Money Rate .... By his Come Rate By Deacon Church 3/11 : Wid. Russell, pay. 2/6 By Rich. Morton 11/9 .... By Noah Wells 13/7 : p* in money £3 5 By John Wells 6/2 : Wid. Warner 3/9 } By money paid him at £1 4 9 5 ' By money paid him at . By payment by Serg' Belding By Stephen Belding,' Constable Thomas Nash To hurneing woods 2 days is. To goeing out with y' Committee 1/6 . By his Come Rate 3/8 : Sam' Partrigg 1/10 . Deacon Coleman To assessing 4 days 10/ : allowance for a trooper 4 Indians^ and gave a sense of security to the settlers in this part of the valley. But the struggle between England and France for the possession of Canada and the line of Lakes westwaird to the Mississippi, — in which Hampshire County, (then, covering the entire western part of the State,) from its frontier, position-, would naturally become involved; — kept up the war spirit, and drew ofiF many of the young men, who were thus subtracted from the labor and productive efficiency of the settlement, just when such labor and productive efficiency were mbst needed. Many of these young men were slain or disabled ; others acquired habits which unfitted them for the patient toil. and economy necessary to success in an agricultural community. (62) 63 Land was plenty. The Hatfield emigrants had, either in their own right, or by inheritance, their lots in the second and fourth Divisions of Commons, and in the " three miles Addition," and the Hatfield Equivalent. Several of them, as has been stated, were proprietors in the Bradstreet Farm. And land was cheap. Many lots in the Commons hereabouts, had been forfeited by neglect to fence, or refusal to pay rates and charges, and could be had of the town for the asking, or bought for seven shillings six pence per acre. The price of an acre of land and a pair of shoes was the same for a number of years. ■ It would be interesting to give the exact location and boun- daries of the farms, as first taken up. But there are inherent difficulties in the way. The surveys appear to have been kept in private hands, and are lost ; and the lines specified in deeds are obscure. The corner trees are gone ; the highways have been re-located, and the stone heaps are scattered. Many of the boundaries were indefinitei|pnd traditional, — like those of a high- way in Northfield, which was laid out " from Pochaug meadow to a little brook where Mr. Doolittle's horse died,"— ^plain enough then, but impossible to be traced now. Farming, to all except those who owned river lots, was more laborious than they had been accustomed to in Hatfield. Their fields were smaller, and harder to break up and till, and the yield of grain less. But in the matter of pasturage they were gainers. The hill-sides, especially where the numerous springs coursed their way down, afibrded the sweetest feed, both early and late. And they seem to have depended largely on stock raising, as will appear in the large numbers of cows and sheep found here in 1771. But they met serious inconveniences and drawbacks, espe- cially those living on Chestnut plain, and west of mount Esther. The highways had not been worked, nor the bridges built. Mill Eiver and West Brook could be crossed only at the " fording places." The only traveled way to Hatfield village was over " the island," by way of " Mother George." They had no school privileges for thejf children. The nearest corn mill was five miles distant. But the evil which they felt most deeply was the distance from Sabbath ordinances. The Sabbath was a sacred day then ; and 64 it was believed to be a duty to go to meeting on the Sabbath then ; and children, as w^l. as parents, were expected to go to meeting then ; and the common means of conveyance then was on horseback.* They njight have rode in ox-carts ; but oxen were " cattle," specified in the commandment, and the Sabbath was as sacred to them as to their owners. With the multiplied churches, (then called meeting-houses,) and multiplied means of conveyance, and changed habits of thought of the present, it is difficult for us to realize the state of things at that day. Probably the change of sentiment is as great as the change of circumstances. The ^abbath n^prn in^. _ in this remote settlement, dawned on a quiet, altogether peculiar. {Secular labor had been carefully finished, in-doors and out, at sunset the preceding evening. All were required to rise early, that the necessary chores might be seasonably done, '^tjgjggttlp seemed to understand that their day of rest had come. Even the dogJ ^ept the reckoning correctljj. It is^still a tradition in the family, that r)eq|Cqn „SandergjC>ffl^^ Jj^g, was never known to leave his place under the table on the. Sabbath, unless specially called. The bake d bean s were in the oven, still warm, and ready for both the morning and evening meal. Thjgjg^iij^^JK^ /had her hands full, to get all the children and herself ready, and istir up the Indian pudding for the noon lunch. [The_yni£jj^ gHgJflia.was to mix up a pudding, put it in a bag or puddingT pot, which could be stowed in the saddle-bags, or slung to the saddle. When they got to Hatfield street, which was always early, they stopped at one of their cousins' or nephews' houses, when /^{)gK,piddia#K«^Smpj44Q ^be family pot, and was found ready boiled when meeting was out at jxooi^ yi^'The five or six miles to be traveled required an early start ; A and each Sabbath during the warm season witnessed nearly the I same scene. For a time Noah Well s was the farlliest from I meeting. I|^mB,^|f„^r^,^,„,;jir^'fj^ , jind ..ffra,, ^ssu^. ^.c^^^^^f^^ ?h\\^rm \ mounted the old horse, — thp,fiix.i3ldg Cf, ^l jii Ji |rg|i had started ahead I on foot ; ^j i\ , Map*'"'' Sf' ; '^;^ | bMiriiirafe.. inH , j ;gq,^,^j^^fl ; joined * This continued to be the ordinary mode of tfavelicg till 1790, or later. The usual charge for a horse and saddle from Whately to Hatfield ■was, for a man, nine pence, for a woman eight pence. When a man took his wife on the pillion behind him, the charge was ten pence. 65 r .'■ f successively by Benoni Craft^,,,ag^][iig ,f;^p dlsL o^. sixj by T^hj^l^ i Qss^..jsii. bis family of ten : by T)a.Ti.ipi -THaritfliV in^ ihia-fanaji!? IqUee; by ^SSL^^^^M^^^^MS^S^' ^y ^^ijsg'" %3[ViTy iitl£iriifiii'i»hf • — these forme d a ggodly caval c ade as they left the street at the point where afterwards thefirst meetine- ir n—'-^mTfrmfii^Tngm .difj? bouse was btiilt, to go over the " fording place," and down th?5ugh "Egypt." 4JI»^ga;i^^ial2E ^s£a" ; yg*^ ^^''^ ^^ prbud of their clean linen, and felt hatsTa^a higu crowned bonnets, as the city belle of her silks- and " Grecian bends," ^efsr^fjar'htrB^Bfsns'^arwrffl^'^!!^^ WiU^aS^i^giS^- ^Qlg«ta«Md»^s were bare^footed, carry- ing their shoes in their hands, to be be put on when they reached the pine grove, a half-mile this side of Hatfield meeting- . house, and worn till they should reach the said grove on their return.X\;E^chjecurrin^^^Sabb^-^ttmm^^ this, — so strange a sight to us ; and yet, as seen then, it had nothing about it remarkable ; '^tjiJJBftiiiiiflffCTfli M *** good taste hood and boyhood, womanhood and manhood^nothing but what God approved and smiled upojK^ft had its personal discomforts, and petty . trials ; it was aJgggj„^5,§gj3^kJ^^^|^|^jgS|gg£,; " but all this was anticipated. And their logfeJ^dteaSaStefJU and the hope of better days, when they should have their own meeting-house and minister, l^B4,^g^^Jj3gg,gSfidaJi£3£i^- Neither they show disappointment or indulge regrets. They had chosen their home, and had settled here to stay ; and at once set about securing the means of .comfort and independence, ^r- (Beyond the prime necessities of food, clothing and shelter, /the wants of daily life are affected very much by contrast and comparison. Envy springs from disparity of condition ; repin- ing as often follows the bettered lot of another as the straitened lot of ourselves. And as all here had so many wants in com- mon, for a time all appear to have been substantially contented. I In their circumscribed sphere they found solid comfort, and were as independent as we are. Most of the men could fell the forests, and rift the timber for clap-boards, and fit a frame, and 66 I mend a cart, and hoop a barrel. Most of the women were skilled in all the mysteries of preparing flax and wool for cloth, and in weaving, and in cu'tinga^m^ing clothing. Some of thelBref TS'SiSeTintneStoitstlSSid'o^ , were built of logs: some were partly of logs, with an upright frame attached ; and all were without inside finish. ^^|f||j^ ^SS^^SMm»''^l-m^ki&JiSSi^; and when his son Perez built in " Claverack," he moved down part of the old logs, and added a small frame. Tte ^^^ni Cr af|(;^'g,„y, ^j , tojS,.j;tMtff • %BJfrLMffi~ tMafinj lfi i5iaiife^B5»fe8iljflS,i largfi nn thp. ground, low studded, and only a single story, — in the ample attic of which a numerous company could lodge. Q^^^^M^!^^^'^^^ ^ ^°S ^°^^^' and quite smalljr David Scott, Sen., appears to have been the first professed carpenter in the place. But he laid out his work by the " try rule," or the rule of st'a;, eight and ten, — i.e., the sills, posts and beams were framed and tried, and the braces were laid on to mark their bevels and length. Master Scott's prime precept was, " Make great mortises and leetle tenons, and your work; will go together charming easy ! " He, as well as his son Abd, made plows, ox-yokes, carts, etc. Thomas Crafts did most of the coopering. __«.™,s™.,auteai As a part of ffl*TO^^oiuiisbook is to preserve a record of the manners and customs of our fathers ; and as the genera- tion that saw these early homes is now so nearly gone — with whom will perish the first-hand knowledge — it^ i ffllL S\ ^% i mbf gjjjj^g^j^jge here to draw a rough sketch of one of those houses^ and the family life within. PeVhaps our grand-children may be interested in looking at i^f As we open the outside door, we are confronted by a huge pile of flat stones, carefully laid, which runs up slightly tapering to and through the roof, and which we shall presently learn is the end of the fire-place and chimney. Beside this stands a ladder, or rough stair-way leading into the open attic. The next, and only remaining door, leads directly into the large living room, which is both kitchen, sitting room and parlor. We notice that the 'walls and ceiling of this room are not plastered, and the bare timbers are not very smoothly hewed. But what strikes us most forcibly is tJifiJfixfe^laap, or inside of that huge pile of stones which takes up not less than 67 malf the end of the room, and into which we can walk . without jmnch stooping. Inside the jambs stands the " settle," on which five persons can comfortably sit. Inside the settle stands the "jJYejjjLt.^' Down from the cavernous chimney hang the hooks and trammels on which the big iron pot is suspended ; and handy by hangs the flip iron * In the corner of the room opposite the fire-place is tl^q he^ , with its white linen, or dingy tow sheets and pillow-biers, and its striped outside blanket, and under it the j; )t'un< ||j ^.-jbfid . In the next corner stapds, ^^j^^^-^^. with its wooden and pewter sets neatly arrangeif. . Near by, are the "^iiSikL^ik^a;??g^i^,^-^^'" if i* i« ^"t""*" ' o"" th« " M^ whefil. " if it is spring. Then there is the VW&^^^ '^ ^^ place, and the ^^^ai^Ute^ls, and the %gsb,(^to^^«|^- hacked chair-a.^. and^-lha-jsmaie. AJnder the looking glass is a small stand, on which lies the family Bibl^f ^^ig^JSaiggl^gJP and hy mi ^-boo k — if our call is at the Deacon's houseware put in one corner of the cup-board./ Qs,„M,^^^^sUm^^,i^l^ are suspended th^ g^ni, pnYrjIp.cJ^rn .i»id-bfl.U^pniiy,|y. Q^^^ are Ipples laid on hooks for drying pumpkin, or herbs, and airing \crotheS The family chest is at the foot of the bed. On two nails driven into the plate qsrau f JIlP JJEfiJlteCf ' ^^ ^^^ ^Msi^iMiA. about three feet long ,t— the use of which the children then per- fectly understood, but which is now among the " lost artsX XAs we met the boy nearest ten years old, just^tarting for the /mill, with two bags of grain on the old horse, and himself perched on the top of the bags, and saw the father and older boys at work with the oxen, we find only the mother and the girls, and the younger children' at home. If it i s earl y morn - j py. we find them in their \^Qf|Jgft ^^ g lj|a];j;^flft,ff fl^,, and busy at work : perhaps it is dairy work, perhaps common house work, perhaps getting on the great pot for dinner, — for the pudding needs three good hours' boilin^^Very likely |jiffeijaafttl»rr is card in g .SjSPJiiiiffliiite-ffii ,• n iR,?i^tolW ^^® ^^ spinning — on the great wheel, if it iswool or tow, on the little wheel, if it is flax. Or, perhaps, from a peculiar thwacking noise, we know she is working at the loom overhead^ Tf- "TP qteP Jifti,diiM — ^^ ^^ ^^^ better do, if invited— we beef and pork, with turnips, green corn and beans, and a full 68 /, sized Indian pudding. The pudding will be served first : rati ' we shall be called upon "to hefp otirselves," as they all c A mug of home-brewed beer is ready to go from mouth mouth, as required, and the "tapster" — the boy who got up li ' in the morning — is ready to fill it up again when empty. there will be a i-oaring fire j for the evening back-log is always extra size, as the boys don't want to put in a new one befc going to bed, and all want a good bed of coals when they ^ up in the morning ; and with the great fore-stick, and an an full of wood well going, the room is warm, and almost as lig without the pine knot or tallow candle as with it. The trund bed is out, and tJi^^^^^J^^mM are snugly asleep. T^ ^""^-fe,Ugrb-"aa^-.ff;^feli^ : ^'aA'jIitaisV-WP' the children w tear and wear their clothes, and " it is so mu^ch hanii^jier " — she says — "mending them when the children are out of t way." Lg^yy&ilSiisS^aiag, she will be knitting, as this is ne\ finished ; faw-giMil^aB? " wants his stockings full, and sg la that they will garter over the knee ; apd elgj^ff , paJia-flOs^J'' jthe average number in a family then — can try both mothers a 'grand-inother's nimble needles. 'Tj'^ .BUiMfi 'ifiyi^Pi ' perha the youngest is playing hiiIl- ^11 ^^ or checkigrs with the brotl next her in age. The b g yj ^ ^T.I.^J^S& n.SSW- ^^ splinteri candle wood, or«cyphering. " l^k£^ia,.llfiSjjJ^JadattJMfii or bottoming chairs, or braiding a whip, or, when- he feels li it, and the yarn is knit up close, he holds the skein for " mothe to wind a new hallj/i^^the girls^do make such work, when th and the hoys wind itf^' j^^fbu are struck with the ,^|^tfej;py)ftf amounting almost to re ferencQ, which is paid to the aged grand-parents. They s expected to take the lead in conversation ; and the young ones do not even whisper when they are talking. Grand-motl is privileged to say what she pleases, and to whom she pleas( and when she pleases. \Lsmi^}Mm,,^Mi^^Mi^&K * yjfei?...£at^x.^.tt-eJi' with just a ijj^e of pride, ^mjmssCjm she has spun in a week, besides taking the whole care of t milk ; what extra luck she has had in " dyeing " ; and the n( style of check she wove in that best blanket ; and how mu linen she put in the last web of linsey/ 69 1!^iTiiS!|5S"9l"'ftfe'ig'GI)8r drops in ; and then for some If it is Master Scott, or Benoni Crafts, he can tell of hu nt ing exploits with bears and deer, most marvellous and fascinating. [He does not seem to be so very old, but you wonder how a man loan go through, in one life-time, all that he recounts. J£JiJs old M r._Pa|jkg r, he Iciiyefi^o r^^ ^°^ ^^^ witch flew from the top of Sugar Loaf, and lighted on a large oak that' stood close by the highway near Joseph Sanderson's, and broke or bent the top into a curious shape, and then disappeared in the ground, leaving a hole which, to his certain knowledge, could never be filled up ! And which — he might have added — the children always passed on a run, and upon " the other side^" If the f isitor be a Beld- ing, or a Wait, he is full of rgESdiBilSSBiSiflMiSfiTii^ when his ancestors were scalped by the Indians, or taken off to Canada. And, "^''j^f intibt ^T ^^ been passed round, Lieut. Ebenezer Bardwell will give his own g>g|];tiprffiri"m?,Mii"MtlliSii-t'iirfiT1lliiih wars, which are so fresh, and full of {gfiii4^MSii8iHte%ffiififflfi]r>i^ and torture, and told with such minuteness and graphic power as make the younger girls crouch behind their mother's chair, and tremble when they go up tohgd^ But all is hearty, and sincere, and " without offencq jM**^^ Jl[Le^.&ieaiflg,j3jraysy that comes before the last good night is "sweet incense," because offered from grateful and confiding heart^ ^6uch were the homes of. the olden time, then common «nroughout this valley. And " ^fttIlfii!'i„.'SSfl J^ '^Simm%mmmll S ^ ' *<^'^'^i g ^ ggj^m ^,^^^^ ; for home Sccupations, home pleasures, home associations and relationships filled up the round of daily lifer Tabfii-KSfPrt of commodities creates a demand ; and a supply soon follows, -^^lisdjybfi^ ^^^ "^uil*^ ^^ Indian hill by Adonijah ^ Taylor about 1763, and g^affij^ijjltifljply two or three years later. The saw-mill stood where the Sandersons' mills now are ; the grist-rmill was some distance below. Afterwards a grist-mill was built farther up the glen. About the same time a saw-mill was built by Edward Brown at West.street, on the site of the present mill owned by Rufus Sanderson & Son. And some- what later but before 1770, a grist-mill and saw-mill were set up by Reuben Belding on the site known as the Isaac Frary privilege^ 70 JSt^PSousew^'^ji^, probably in 1763 or '64, by Paul Beli ing. The site is not known, but it is probable that it stood c the west side of mount Esther, near where Lieut. Frary afte wards lived. y^-For the raw material of a_,,newjjag]^jf dgtiOsfe they hs /only to wait till ^fgT5ffFiS]iptrf'''We^ and the first crop of fls could be prepared! And the working up into cloth was all do j athome. For ^jj^Mdvi^^*^*^^ ^^^7 ^^^ o^^J *° S° t° ^^ Brook, where a ^^igs^iMJ)^mJS^gJ^,„Sm^^- ^ early as 1709 Hatfield voted that Jeremiah Wait " have liber to set up a fulling-mill at West Brook," reserving the right i build a saw-mill there, should occasion after require. jygjjggj from the West Indies, began to be used in the vallc quite early. It was spun upon the large wheel, like woe Checks and stripes of all cotton, or cotton and wool, were n uncommon. £!|}gg]^^ f-abM its were all the fashion for men ai boys, in this neighborhood, for some time before the-Kevolutio: Qifi^^A.g3pw «». and gjHfi®l«W^il^» ^^^^ in use. But t] /largest parToF'tTTe'cSIbth for ordinary wearing apparel and beddii [was.mad^^^^^d|^rj^^, or a mixture of the two, called y^g I w ^ p j jgy . XsSLf which is the refuse combings of flax, was us( tfor coarse stuff. HoEg^^^e Jg^^^lgthjras of ready sale I the country merchants, who sent it to Hartford and other centr ' of trade where it was in demand. Many a young wife, or old Idaughter who expected soon to become a wife, has got out a w( [of fine tow cloth, and exchanged i# for calico or silk, or oth [coveted articles of dress or household luxury. The price of to [was about three pence per pound, and the common price f [weaving it was six pence per yard. Yard wide tow cloth so lat two shillings a yard, — though the price varied according circumstances. Q}g£ k ^,'S[,, g ],?J;k?j.. gf ii Jjf ffiSR r^^-ryjiiiPf^i^ • were al an article of traffic, and were sometimes made in excess, of tl household wants, and exchanged for such things as the hous wife needed. ^ |a; | pi ^„ „^ Yi3£fi '"^^^ quite comnionly prepared f market by such families as had an extra crop ; and after tl Scotch emigrants, who excelled in spinning and weaving, settL in Pelham, a lively competition sprang up in both the yarn ai cloth trade, [perhaps it would be hardly fair to say that the was a jealousy of the foreigners ;] but it is believed that tl 71 pcotch women carried the day, both in fineness and evenness of ^hread and cloth. When Ifie'^hragtKBW of the first settlers were grown, some of them became adepts at spinning, and made it a specialty. Theo-f dora Scott, daughter of Benjamin, was a noted spinster, botra before and after hermarriage with Stephen Orcutt. As a mat-/ ter partly of curiosity and partly characteristic of the time, and showing how much yarn of different kinds a young family needed in a year, and how much a woman could do with her wheel for fthe support of her family, a single yg p-r'a,, f| ( ](^( ;)i j nt^ is copied in Ifull from Jargon Wells's ac co unt book ; — 1781. Sept. Feb. 11. Mar. 2. (t Mar. 6. " 13. Apr. 8. Apr. 29. May 13. June 19. June 24 July 5 t* 9 il 11 tl 25 July 31 Aug. 24 Sept. 11 Theodora Oecutt, By Spinning 11 Runs at 7/4 — 3 Runs at 7d. ' ' Spinning 4 Buns for handkerchiefs " Spinning 8 Runs linen yarn at 7d. " Spinning 5 Runs tow yarn ' ' Spinning 1 Run fine tow yarn at 7d. " Spinning 2 Runs woolen yam . " Spinning 13 Runs tow yarn " Spinning 14 Runs Linen yarn at 8d. " Spinning 9i Runs fine tow yarn at 8d. " Spinning 2 Runs fine thread for stockings at 8c2. " Spinning 4 Runs fine tow yarn at %d. " Spinning 3 Runs coarse tow yarn at 4/ old tenor " Spinning 3 Runs coarse linen yarn at &d. " Spinning 8' Runs fine yarn for Lawn " Spinning 22 Runs coarse linen yarn at Gd. " Spinning 2 Runs linen yarn at Sd. " Spinning 10 Runs tow yarn at 4/ old tenor " Spinning 34 Runs tow yarn at 4/ old tenor " Spinning 10 Runs tow yarn at 6d. " Spinning 3 Runs fine linen yarn at 8d. " Spinning 2 Runs coarse linen yarn at 6d. " Spinning 2 Runs fine tow yarn at 8d. " Spinning 1 Run fine tow yarn at 8d. " Spinning 19 Runs coarse linen chain " Spinning 9 Runs coarse tow yarn " Spinning 2 Runs sent to Miss Graves " do. 4 Runs tow: By do. 8 Runs tow Cr. . £0 9 1 2 4 4 8 2 8 7 1 4 6 11 9 4 6 4 1 4 2 8 1 7 1 6 8 11 1 4 5 4 1 10 5 2 1 1 4 8 9 6 1 1 6 5 £5 4 10 178] I. Sept. 27. Oct. 17. Jan. 10. Jan'y 10. it Feb. 11. Mar. 5. April 2. t( 8. Apr. 17. May 4. it 30. June 12. July 6. Aug. 2. Aug. 24. Aug. 23. 72 Theodora Orcutt, Dr. To 4 lbs. 9 oz. Cheese at 5i. ' . . , . £ 1 11 cheese 2 lbs. 13 oz.— Do. 1 lb. 14 oz. at 4i. . 17 one pound old Tobacco at 5 pence . . . 5 24 lbs. Cheese at 5d.—Do. 6 lbs. 14 oz. at 4i. . 3 4 3 lbs. 9 ounces Salt pork at 8(2. . . . 2 4 1 pound 13 ounces cheese at 6d. . . . 10 i bushel of parsnips at 2/ . . . . 10 2 lbs. 5 oz. Tobacco at 4d.— 4 lbs. 2 oz. Salt Pork 3 4 9 lbs. 10 oz. salt Pork 5 4 lbs. 3 oz. rolled Tobacco .... 1 7 lbs. 10 oz. Salt Pork— 2 lbs. Suet at 6d. .06 6 pounds 9 ounces Flax 4 6 lbs. fresh offal, Beef — 1 bushel Parsnips . 3 5 lbs. 6 oz. Salt Pork : 17th, Si lbs. do.— 2 lbs. Sugar at 7i 10 2 1 pound 1 oz. rolled Tobacco, good . . . 4 lib. ditto.— 4 lbs. 15 oz. Salt Pork . . . 3 7 6 lbs. 9 oz. Salt Pork— 7 pounds Cheese . . 6 4 5 lbs. 10 oz. Salt pork at 8d.—l Cheese, 4 lbs. 9 oz. 5 6 1 Cheese, 6 lbs. 12 oz.— 7 lbs. lO oz. Salt Pork 7.3 2 lbs. Sheeps' Wool at 1/6—1 lb. Tow at 4d:. . 8 4 4i lbs. Salt Pork— 4 lbs. 10 oz. cheese at id. . 4 11 7 pounds 12 ounces Flour at 1/ . . . 10 12/ of Mr. Marsh, old way, 10/ . . . 10 1 bushel Indian com 3/ of Mr. Graves . . 3 cash delivered your brother Elijah 1/1 . . Oil 1 oz. Indigo of Dr. Chapin . . . . 10 6 shillings received of Martin Graves . . 6 2 bushels of Rye of Mr. Adkins at 3/ . . 6 £5 4 10 J'A. " run " of yarn consisted of twenty knots, a knot was com- posed of forty threads, and a thread was seventy-four inches in flength, or once round the reel. A " skein " of yarn consisted of [seven knots. An ordinary day's work was four skeins, when the I spinner carded her own wool ; when the wool was carded by a I machine, she could as easily spin six skeins in a day. Dyes. — Bogwood and indigo were the common dyes in use early ; later, madder was sometimes obtained, ( ^ tl ;^ made of lamb's wool, and of the finer grades of sheep's wool, as well as linsey-woolsey took a • beautiful shade of color, and were much prized by the young ladies. ^ .^'fii^.JiJdWf^Aftnt' set off to good 73 ladyantage the plump face and natural tresses of the girls of that Vday, as did also the white sun-bonnet. Many families did all their own tailoring and dress-making ; others employed some woman who had special taste and skill ir these arts, who would come to the house twice a year, and in week or so, cut and make with the^Jielp of the inniates, the supply for the season. ITfrffiXprolfel^SMr^^R^ in town, were Robert Aber- crombie in 1779, Abijah Marsh in '82, and William Henderson in '89 ; but they had to depend for a living, in considerable part, on jobbing with the farmers. Perez Myrick, the clothier, was here in 1794 ; Capt. Amos Pratt in 1800^ ^Values and Prices. -^At this date, all values were reckoned fin pounds, shillings and pence. A pounci was equal to three dollars thirty-three and one-third cents, and prices were esti- mated in currency instead of grain. There was, however, the "■cash price""' and t'he '"'iDartier'pnceV — the latter one-third higher than the former, — and 0iTi3tnSfy"Business was largely carried on hj exchang.^ of produce and home-made manufactures, and labor. /The wages of labor, for an able bodied man, was three shillings 1(50 cents) a day in haying time, and two shillings for ordinary |farm work. The common price of wheat was four shillings per bushel ; rye, 3s. ; meslin, 3s. lOd. ; corn, 2s. ; barley, 3s. ; malt, 2s. 5d. ; flax seed, 4s. 6c?. ; turnips, 8d. ; parsnips, 2s. ; good cheese, 5d. per pound ; salt pork, 8d. ; flax, 8d. ; tow, id. ; sheep's wool. Is. 6d. ; hops, Is. ; indigo, lOd. per ouncgf Agriculture. — The lands in the valley were found well adapted to wheat ; and this, with peas and flax, was the first crop raised on the intervals. When these became exhausted, wheat was raised on the newly cleared uplands. Peas were at ' first a favorite and profitable crop ; but the yield soon diminished, or was kept up only by manuring, and the pea-bug made its appearance, and the crop was neglected ; and, after a while, beans took their place as an article of food, though not of trafiic. Eye was not much raised till the .wheat crop began to fail, when it became, and long continued to be, an important crop. Barley was raised chiefly for the purpose of malting. Meslin, or mixt- ling, which is a mixture of wheat and rye, was pretty generally 74 raised, and used both for flour ai\d malt. Indian corn was, however, the staple product of this, as of all other parts of the country. The season opened in spring quite as early as at the present day. Plowing began commonly the second week in April. Peas, oats, and rye were^owed by the middle of the month; barley and flax by the first of May. Corn-planting frequently began by May 5th"; this crop was always hoed, three times, the hilling coming on the second week in July, i.e., as soon as the farmers had finished gathering the first crop of English hay. The corn was picked the last week in September and the first week in October. They commenced to mow upland English grass the middle of June ; and the meadows the second week in July. Eowen was cut the last of July. Rye, wheat, and meslin were ready for harvesting about the 25th of July ; barley a week later; and oats still later, though before August 15th. Peas were gathered the last of August. Flax was commonly pulled the first week in August ; spread and turned in September, and was ready to be taken up for " breaking" the last of October. Food. — Early in winter, every family of considerable means killed a fatted hog ; and later , a cow ; the tender parts of which were used fresh, and the balance dry-salted, or put in brine for summer use. This salted meat was the basis of the " boiled dish," which was the common dinner of the farmers. Very Kttle fresh meat was used in the warm season. Next in importance, perhaps, came the boiled Indian pudding, which was regarded an almost indispensable part of a good dinner. Many families could say that they had as many puddings as there were days in the year. Indian was also commonly used for hasty-puddings, and Johnny, or journey-pakes, and samp.* Milk and bread, or * Josselyn, 1674, says, of Indian corn, " It is light of digestion, and the English make a kind of loblolly of it to eat with milk, which they call Sampe ; they beat it in a mortar, and sift the floui* out of it ; the remaindei they call Homminey, which they put in a pot of two or three gallons, with water, and boil it over a gentle fire till it is like a hasty-pudding ; they put this into milk, and so eat it. Their bread, also, they make of the homminey so boiled, and mix their flour with it, cast it into a deep basin, in which they form the loaf, and then turn it out upon the Peel, and presently put i1 in the oven before it spreads abroad; the flour makes excellent puddens.'' 75 hasty-pudding and milk, was a common breakfast and supper dish for children and old people. Pea-soup, or porridge, and stewed peas, had not gone out of date ; though beans had largely taken their place. [Baked beans, as a regular weekly dish, came in use as early as this town was first settled, though it was a dish unknown to our early English ancestors.] The bread commonly used was made of rye or meslin flour. Pie-crust was sometimes made of this flour. Wheat flour was used to a considerable extent, especially among the well-to-do farmers. Bolts to run by water power were set up in the mills ; and some families had hand bolts. The flour was not as fine as that now in use, and consequently was much more healthful. Cakes and pastry made of wheat flour were kept on hand for ^'company," and for all extra occasions. Turnips were in universal esteem and use, as an essential part of the " boiled dish." By early sowing, a summer vegetable was secured ; and by sowing as a second crop to suc- ceed barley, or on new land burned over, they were tender and juicy through the winter. Parsnips were more rare. ^OMPKINS. — Josselyn, in his New England Earities, published in 1674, speaks of pumpkins, squashes, and watermelons, as grown by the Indians, and also by the English. He mentions a peculiar sort of round yellow squash, which, when cooked and prepared with butter, spice and vinegar, was " the ancient New England standing dish.." This is believed to refer to our pumpkin. In his " Wonder Working Providence," written 1651, Johnson says, "let no man make a jest of pumpkins, for with this fruit the Lord was pleased to feed his people till corn and cattle were increased." Baked pumpkin and milk were much relished by many. The art of drying pumpkin seems to have been learned of the Indians. In spring and summer this could be soaked and used for sauce as well as for pies. In those early days, " pumpkin parings " were as common in the fall, as " appie parings " have been since ; and made as meiyry an Apples. — A few apples were brought from Hatfield and Had- ley as a luxury, but they did not, of course, come into general use till the trees had time to grow. The first orchards, in our limits, 76 were planted by Abraham Parker, whose widow made five barrels of cider in 1771 ; by Joseph Belding, who made that year four barrels of cider ; by Benjamin Scott, who made three barrels, and Martin Graves, who made five barrels. Lieut. Ebenezer Bardwell probably set an orchard where he first built, on the Deerfield road ; and also another, where he built, a mile north of the meeting-house. Parson Wells set trees extensively on his land, in the centre of the^own, soon after 1771. He began to sell cider and vinegar as early as 1785. The price for apples was Is. 6c?. per bushel; for vinegar. Is. 6d. per gallon, and for cider, 5s. per barrel. Potatoes. — Potatoes were unknown to the first settlers of WhsCtely as an article of food. Mr. Justin Morton stated to the author, that " David Graves brought the first potatoe into town in his saddle-bags, on his return from Boston, about 1765." He added, "the boys loved to go over to the Straits and do chores for Mr. Graves, for he would give them a potatoe as pay, and we used to carry it home and plant it. I can remember when they did not have any potatoes on the table for dinner ^" * Deinks. — Beer, made from malt and hops, was the com- monest artificial drink used in families at the time Whately was settled. Hops grew wild in many places ; but most house- holders had a few hills in their gardens, or beside the pig-pen; Malt was made of barley, and meslin, and a poor grade of winter wheat mixed with chess. A small family would lay in * " The culture of the potatoe, in this part of America, was first intro- duced by the ■ Scotch who settled Nutfield, now Londonderry, N. H.', in 1718-21." — MveretPs Life of Stark. The same people settled Pelham, Mass., about 1740, and started the cultivation of the potatoe there. It found its way into Hadley before 1760. At first, it was regarded by our people as an unfit article of food ; and the prejudice against it was slow in givipg way. Many of the older folks refused to taste it til^j^e day of their death. In some towns it was looked upon as a sort of Torbidden fruit. The B,ev. Jonathan Hubbard, of Sheffield, (who d. 1765,) came near being dealt with by the church for raising twenty bushels of potatoes in one year. About 1780, potatoes are mentioned in Parson Wells's account book ; sold in small quantities of from one-half to one and two bushels. The price was Is. &d. per bushel. 77 eight bushels of malt for a year's supply ; larger families would lay in as many as fifteen bushels. There is no record of a malt- house in Whately. The malting for our families was done by Joshua Dickinson, of Hatfield, and, after him, by Mr. Wilkie. A strong ale was sometimes made ; but the beer for common use was weaker, and was brewed in the summer time as often as once a week. Flip was made from this weaker beer. Barley coffee was considerably used as a breakfast drink ; acorn coffee, occasionally. ' Tea, and foreign coffee, were rarities at the tables of the common farmers. After apples became plenty, though Beer continued to be used, cider became the family drink. Milk punch and flip were the favorite drams for home use ; flip of the tavern loungers. The latter was sold by the; mug. After cider took the place of beer, cider brandy largely took the place of -flip. Maple Sugar. — The Indians appear to have learned the art of making syrup from the sap of the maple ; and as soon as they obtained kettles by barter with the whites, they made sugar in considerable quantities,— ^though of an inferior quality. They had manufactured it as early as 1750. It was made by the Chestnut plain settlers ever after they became established, though at first in small quantities. Before the Revolution, some families depended on it for their year's supply; and, in 1784 or '85, it became to some extent an article of trade. The price at first was Qd. per pound. CHAPTEK VII. THE TOWN INCORPORATED. • In this chapter it is proper to give in full the Act of Incorpo- ration, as copied from the original parchment-; and to insert copies of Letters, showing the origin of the name adopted, as well as other official documents, of permanent value and interest. AH these papers are copied from originals in the office of the Secretary of the Commonwealth. Anno Hegni Regis Oeorgii Tertii JJndecimo. An Act for erecting the northerly part of the town of Hat- field, in the County of Hampshire, into a town by the name of Whately. Wheeeas the inhabitants of the northerly part of the town of Hatfield, in the County of Hampshire, have made application to this Court, that the northerly part of said town may be incor- porated into a distinct and separate Town, Be it enacted by the Governor, Council, and House of Kep- resentatives. That the northerly part of the said town of Hatfield, which is contained within the lines and limits following. That is to say, Beginning at the northeast corner of the General Field, there called the North Meadow and Farms, thence in the north line of the said General Field to the northwest comer thereof, from the sajd northwest corner of that Field the said line to run in a direct course to the southeast corner of the Mill Swamp, which belongs to Moses Dickinson ; thence in the south line of the said Mill Swamp to the southwest corner thereof, adjoining there to the east side of that %ay called the Chestnut-Plain road ; thence (78) 79 south on the east side of the said way to a point where a line at right angles with the east line of said way and one rod south of the bridge there, called the West Brook bridge would intersect the aforesaid east line of the said way ; from the said point of intersection to continue such right angular line as aforesaid to the west side of the said way ; thence to the northeast corner of the lot laid out to Samuel Kellog in the Third Division of Com- mons ; thence west in the north line of the said lot to a point at which a line parallel to and half a mile distant from, the east line of the Three Mile Addition^ Grant, so called, would intersect the said north line of the lot last mentioned ; thence in such parallel line last mentioned to the District of Con- way ; thence*« ■ the line dividing between Hatfield and the town of Deerfield and District of Conway to the Connecticut River ; thence on the west side of the said River to the station first mentioned ; — be, and hereby is, erected into a separate Town by the name of Whately : And that the inhabitants of the said town be, and are hereby invested with all the powers, privileges, and immunities that towns in this Province enjoy by • law, that of sending a Representative to the General Court only excepted : and that the said town of Whately shall have full right and liberty from time to time, to join with the town of Hatfield in the choice of Representative, to be chosen of the towns of Hatfield or the said town of Whately indiflTerently, to represent them in the General Assembly : and that the said town of Whately shall from time to time bear their proportion of the expense of such Representatives with the said town of Hatfield, according to their respective proportion of the Prov- ince tax : and the freeholders and other inhabitants of the said town of Whately shall be notified of the time and place of elec- tion, by a warrant from the selectmen of Hatfield directed to the constable or constables of the said town of Whately, requiring such constable or constables to warn the freeholders and other inhabitants of the said Whately qualified to vote in the choice of a Representative, to meet at the time and place of election, which warrant shall be returned by siich constable or constables, with certificate of his or their doings thereon, to the selectmen of the town of Hatfield, before the time for holding every such meeting. 80 Provided nevertheless, and be it enacted, That the inhabi- tants of the said town of Whately shall pay their proportion of such Province, County and Town Taxes as are already set on them by the Town of Hatfield, in like manner as though this Act had not been made ; and the constables chosen by the town of Hatfield, at their annual meeting in March, anno domini one thousand seven hundred and seventy, are hereby fully authorized and impowered to levy and collect all such taxes assessed upon the inhabitants and lands m the said town of Whately, and are directed to pay in the same in the same manner they would and ought by law to have done, had not this Act been made. Provided nevertheless, and be it further erui^ed, That the treasurer of the town of Hatfield be, and he i^^ereby impow- ered and directed to pay the town treasurer of the said town of Whately, and for the use of the said town, such a proportion of the sum of .Thirty Pounds, which was raised by the town of Hatfield at their meeting on the first Monday in December last, for providing Preaching in the said town of Hatfield in the year then next ensuing, as has been assessed upon the inhabitants and lands within the limits of the said town of Whately, agreeable to the List last taken by the assessors of Hatfield ; and the treasurer of the said town of Whately is hereby fully authorized and impowered to demand and receive of the treasurer of Hat- field such proportion of the said Thirty Pounds as aforesaid. A.nd be it further enacted, That William Williams, Esq., be, and hereby is impowered and directed to issue his warrant to ' some principal inhabitant of the said town of Whately, requiring him to warn the inhabitants of the said Whately, qualified as hereinafter mentioned, to meet at some suitable time and place in said town, to choose such officers as towns in this Province are impowered and enjoined by law to choose in the month of March annually, which they are hereby impowered to choose at such meeting. And be it further enacted. That the inhabitants of the said town of Whately, who in the last tax in the town of Hatfield were rated one-half part so much for their Estates and Faculties as for a single Poll, shall be allowed tovote in their first meet- ing, and such other meetings as may be called in the said town 81 of Whately, until a valuation of Estates shall be made by assessors there. And he it further enacted. That no person happening to reside or be within the limits of the said town of Whately, at the end of the present session of this Court, who would not then have become an inhabitant of Hatfield had not this Act been made, shall become an inhabitant of the said town of ^hately, or have legal claim or right to any of the privileges |of an inhabitant there, anything herein before contained to th^ contrary notwith- standing. And the said town of Whately shall be, and hereby is fully impowered to proceed with all such persons residing there, who at the end of the said present session of this Court, would not have been inhabitants of Hatfield, in the same manner the town of Hatfield then, or at any time before, might have proceeded with them touching their removal. Consented to by the Gov- ernor, April 24, <^s appears from the Journal, not actually signed till April 26,] 1771. An Act to set ofi" Thomas Sanderson and others, from Deer- field, and annex them to Whately. Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives in General Court assembled, and by authority of the same, .That from and after the passage of this Act, Thomas Sanderson, Ebenezer Barnard, and Justin Morton, with their polls and estates, together with the lands and the inhabitants thereon, within the limits hereafter described — that is to say, Beginning at the south-west corner of Thomas Sanderson's land in the north line of Whately, thence running northerly on a line parallel with the original east line of Conway to the north line of Lot Num- ber Sixteen in Long-hill, west Division, so called, thence run- ning eastwardly on the north line of said Lot No. 16 to the east end o£ Justin Morton's land, thence southerly on the east line of Justin Morton's land, to the south line of William Tryon's land, thence eastwardly on the south line of William Tryon's land, to the east side of the County road leading from Deerfield to Whately, thence southwardly on the east line of said County road, to the north line of Whately, including all lands within the said running line and the north line of Whately, — be, and 82 they hereby are set off from the town of Deerfield, and annexed to the town of Whately. Passed March 5, 1810. The J STa mub OF th e Town. — It is a singular fact that the ori- gm^TiSelniaaQeTWHATEi^ has been hitherto wholly anknown. No tradition, or conjecture, has existed in relation to it. The ipemory of a'single individual, in 1848, furnished the writer with the following hint.^^^r. Oliver Graves (born 1761) said, "I was ten years old when Mr. Salmon White came to our house and read the warrant for the first town meeting. My father asked him why it was called Whately? He answered, idjt is the name of a ma^^ The inference from this incident, as well as from the absence of any tradition, is, that the name was not suggested by the inhabitants of the territory. An examination of the Kecords and files of the General Court for 1771, renders it pretty certain that no Petition for an Ag); of incorporation, signed by residents, was sent in. The wording of the Preamble seems to imply that there was no such petition — " have made application to this Court " — probably through Israel Williams, Esq., the representative from Hatfield for that year. And the original draft of the Act of incorporation discloses the singular fact, that the bill passed through its several readings in the lower House, and received the concurrence of the Council, with the name left in blank. The inference is, that the name yaa y^f selected by t^^^HouseofEet^^esentatij^, norbv^|eCou^ An3™ffirffiS (SaSn^ionshows^at the name was not inserted on the parchment by the engrossing Clerk, but w cis Jn^erted hii the ^ (^j3i}£mQr^, in his customary hand writing, when, it was pre^ sented to him for his official signature. ■ This giveg the clew to the man for whom the town received its name/ ^J'rom letters preserved in the State Archives, it appears that fa gentleman of the name of Tho mas Whately was at this time connected with the British Government; that he took a special interest in, and was thoroughly conversant with the affairs of the Massachusetts Colony ; and was an intimate friend, and trusted adviser of Governor Hutchinsoqi^rhere is hardly room for doubt that the Governor inserted the name Whately in the Act of incor- poration, out of compliment to his London frien^/' 83 The letter above alluded to is here inserted, partly for its his- toric value, as throwing light on the British view of our political affairs, and partly as a memorial of a man of whom nothing has hitherto been ktiown by us, and in whom every citizen of the town must feel a personal interest. ^jTLiONDON, 11th February, 1769. Sir ; — ^I have deferred answering your favors of 17 October and 10 December, till the consideration of American affairs was over : I am sorry to say how little has been done ; I am afraid no more is intended. I will therefore give you a full, tho' I doubt not a satisfactory account of our proceedings, as I appre- hend for y° winter. The manner in which Mr. Danforth's petition was received appears in the votes of 23 January. The manner in which it had been obtained was known to y" Ministry, and stated to the House ; but their great desire "to admit some American petition induced them to receive it, entering it only as a petition of indi- viduals, not of the Council : to some, however, the implied assertion of the Right, was ah insuperable objection : the Min- isters overlooked it, and yet the next day insistled on rejecting a petition of Mr. Bollan, tho' perfectly innocent, and tho', because it, was so, Mr. Grenville with many more strongly pressed to have it received. These were all the material events previous to the considera- tion of the Eesolution and Address sent down by the Lords. The Commons have agreed to them, with some amendments in . point of accuracy. I cannot pretend to state to you all that passed in two days' debate upon them ; tho' inefficacy and the locality of the plan proposed were much insisted on : Lord "Eockingham's and Lord Shelbourne's friends objected to the whole ; Mr. Grenville, tho' he ridiculed and disapproved of such plan for such a crisis as much as any body, and particularly urged the absurdity of exasperating a deluded people with angry words, while the Tameness of the measure would encourao-e o them, yet as the facts had been stated by the Lords, he would not, by a negative to the Eesolutions, give any reason to suppose that he countenanced the transactions therein condemned : nor, on the other handjty assenting to the Address, shew any appro- 84 bation of a measure so inadequate to the occasion. You will easily see what must have been suggested on these topics. I will not trouble you with arguments which so obviously occur ; but jfconfine myself to what was said on the Statute of Henry the IPighth. They who opposed the whole plan, generally, not uni- versally, disputed the application of the Act to the Colonies : it was passed before they existed : the Title and the preamble pre- vent such an application, unless upon admission that y' Colonies are not within the King's dominions. Some doubted whether it was an existing law ; but that point was given up. Mr. Gren- ville declared that he, upon the words of the preamble and title had been inclined to think the Statute not applicable, and won- dered the Ministers had not rather rested on the Statute of Edward the Sixth, which was less doubtful ; but said that the precedents and authorities cited by the Attorney General had convinced him that the Act did extend to every part of the King's dominions. Those authorities were many. In O'rooke's Case, reported in Anderson, the twelve Judges were unanimously of opinion that the Act extended to treasons committed in Ire- land, tho' there is a separate Parliament, and every species of Jurisdiction for constituting and trying any oifences. Lord Hale in many passages maintains that treasons committed in Ireland, and Guernsey, and in the Remains of the Duchy of Normandy are triable under that Statute in England : Even a Peer of Ire- land, tho' amenable there only before the House of Lords, may be and often has been tried here by a common Jury. At the latter end of Queen Anne's reign, one Kirby was bro't from Antigua to be tried on that statute here, for a treason committed there. The proceeding was on an opinion of Northey, Attorney General, and Raymond, Solicitor General, and parsed y" Coun- cil, when' Lord Chancellor Harcourt, and Lord Chancellor J. Parker, afterwards Lord Chancellor Macclesfield, were present : he was indicted and pleaded, as appears from y° Record of King's Bench, but afterwards broke prison. Not one Lawyer in the House supported a doctrine contrary to such authorities : as I cite them from memory, you will pardon any little inaccuracies : In y" material points I am exact, and I thought you would wish to be furnished with them, as after debate upon the subject here, I conclude it will be matter of controversy with you. 85 I do not hear of any design to bring in a bill to explain or amend y' Mutiny Act, though I have not been wanting to signify thro' proper channels y" difficulties which you have informed me occlT in y" execution of it : but perhaps they stay till further experience has shown y" whole extent of what may be necessary to alter. I fear all parliamentary proceedings relative to America are at end for the present, and that this, with the long letter I wrote you on the 14 Nov ' is the whole History of y° session. As to y° Ministerial measures, tho' when Parliament was called upon to afpprove of them, y" Ministers were in return called upon to declare, whether they meant to abide by them, especially y' suspension of y' Assemblies, no answer could be obtained ; but there has not appeared the least idea of withdrawing y° Troops from Boston, nor. will the last Revenue Law be repealed, or I believe altered, whilst the Right to impose duties is questioned. The opinion without doors on the claims of the Colonies, and the behaviour of y° Bostonians seem to me the same as they have been for some time past, and the concurrence of y" other Colonies in the Principles of Boston only confirhi those opinions. I have the honour to be, with great respect, Your most obedient, humble serv To The Hon"" Lieuti .Gov. HuTCHmsosr. Sin* these pages were prepared for the press, the following letter has been discovered among some old papers in the State Department. It explains itself. Boston, 14 May, 1771. Dr. Sir : — Permit me to congratulate you upon the honour done you in your late appointment. It is what I have long wished for, and I hope the junction of so many of Mr. Grenville's friends 86 will strenglhen Government, and render the present Administra- tion of long continuance. A durable Ministiy, and a few exam- ples in England of punishment for the seditious principles and practices so prevalent there, would discourage the disturbers of the peace here. They triumph when their correspondents write that you are in danger of a greafr convulsion : as soon as their hopes of it are over, they are depressed and hide their heads. ^' Among the Acts passed in the late session of the General 'Court, you will see one for incorporating a Township by the ' name of WTiately. This is but a poor mark of respeof. 1 wish it may be in my power to give you further proof of my being, [with very great regard and esteem, Sir, Your most humble and most obedient servant, T. Hutchinson. Th^as Whately. There is a natural desire to know who lived in Whately, who owned houses here, and what were their pecuniary circum- stances, when the town first started. And as a full, accurate and reliable account of the condition of afiairs at this date, the following List of the Polls and Estates of the inhabitants of the Town is here subjoined. Though the month is not given, it was evidently made out in Maj, ||7y|iiii It will be seen that some early settlers are not included in the list. Lieut. Ebenezer Bardwell was at this date a resident of Deerfield. Adpnijah Taylor and Gideon Dickinson were living north of the line, in what was afterwards annexed to the town from Deerfield. Noah Wells had probably removed, temporarily, to the Equivalent Lands, afterwards Hawley. Joel Dickinson had rem*ed to Conway. Capt . L uc ii^^ All,i^,^ had removed to Conway. 87 Palls and E&tates, Whately, 1771. J""'"- "ZSSf «°™»- <"""• Oxen. Grain. Ttllago Land Daniel Morton . . 2 113 2 159 12 Oliver Graves . . 2 112 2 130 13 David Graves . . . 1. 1 2 2 80 12 Elisha Belding . . 1 .1 2 60 11 John Crafts . . 2 15 3 Joseph .Crafts . . . •^ * 1 15 3 Israel Graves . . . 1112 2 33 5i Simeon Wait . . . 2 12 4 2 200 20 Henry Stiles . . . 1112 64 4 Oliver Morton . . . 1112 4 85 8i Benj. Smith, Jr. . 1 1 1 48 8 Moses Crafts . . 1 8 sheep Peter Train . . 1112 2 45 5 Edward Brown 3 13 6 2 26 4 Abraham Turner . 2 13 2 24 4 Benoni Crafts . . 1112 1 35 5 Paul Belding . . 1112 2 24 3 Ezra Turner . . 1 1 2 16 2 Hosea Curtis . . 1 1 2 Joseph Kellogg Joseph Belding, Jr. 112 3 2 150 23 Nathaniel Sartle . 1112 60 12 Thomas Sanderson 2 113 2 164 24 Nathaniel Coleman Abel Parker . . 1 1 2 140 20 Jonathan Smith .2112 2 39 6 Elisha Frary . . 1113 2 30 5 Lemuel Wells . . . 1 12 John Wait . . . .2111 1 132 22 Joseph Scott . . 1 84 14 Seth Wait . . . .1113 4 140 20 Thomas Crafts . . .11 2 2 80 8 Philip Smith . . .1112 86 16 David Scott . . .3122 4 88 11 Noah Bardwell .1114 4 48 6 Paul Smith . . . 1111 32 4 Nathan Graves .2112 2 56 8 Wid. Lois Parker . .1113 4 35 7 John Wait, Jr. . 1 2 1 21 3 Joshua Beldin . . .1113 140 20 88 „ « Dwelling „ „ « «-a„ Bualielg No. acres ™'=- House.: ^°"='- ^°'"' °"»' Grain. TilloEO Lsnd. Benjamin Scott Benj. Soott, Jr. Elisha Smith . Martin Graves . Perez Bardwell Samuel Carley . Benjamin Smith Thomas Allen . William Kellog John Graves Elihu Graves . David Scott, Jr. iVoM Residents. Elisha AUis . . Itathaniel Hawks 2 1 1 1 1 2 3 1 2 1 3 1 1 1 1 1 140 23 119 17 80 10 71 10 88 11 66 8 66 11 12 2 40 Daniel Morton Oliver Graves . David Graves . Elisha Belding John Crafts Israel Graves . Simeon Wait . Henry Stiles . Oliver Morton . Benj. Smith, Jr. Peter Train Edward Brown Abraham Turner Benoni Crafts . Paul Belding . Ezra Turner . Hosea Curtis . Joseph Belding, Jr. Nathaniel Sartle Thomas Sanderson Abel Parker . 12 6 3 2 10 4 13 6 11 9 6 6 16 6 6 1 10 9 4 ' Acres Fastuiage. 20 12 5 4 26 20 8 25 20 20 4 7 12 ^ 6 10 3 10 Jona. Smith Elisha Frary Moses Prary John Wait . Joseph Scott Seth Wait . Thomas Crafts Philip Smith David Scott Noah Bardwell Paul Smith Benj. Scott Elisha Smith Martin Graves Salmon White PCTezBardvfell John Graves David Scott, Jr, Nathan Graves Wid. Lois Parker Joshua Beldin Acres English Mowing. 6 7 7 2 6 9 6 18 6 3 7 3 5 11 20 11 6 10 Acres Pasturage. 7 12 6 2 5 16 8 6 12 30 20 3 18 8 30 6 18 3 30 89 Non-residents. Elisha Allis . Nathaniel Hawks Beuben Belding Gideon Dickinson Simeon Morton Noah Coleman Abner Dickinson Eleazer Frary Daniel Graves Samuel Dickinson Kemembrance Bardwell Eleazer Allis . Ijilijah Morton . Joseph Billings David Billings Jonathan Allis S^JISI '■■■''^^«- 20 14 60 4 8 H 12 30 16 2 11 30 30 3 3 8 8 28 Eliakim Field . . Medad Field . . Samuel Church . Noah Nash . . . Elijah Dickinson . Benj. Wait . . Jonathan Morton . Moses Wait . . Israel Williams, Esq David Morton . . Oba. Dickinson . Mary Smith . . Joseph Smith . . Elisha Wait . . Benj. Wait, Jr . Moses Frary, Acres A.>Ma 14 10 8 30 16 8 11 4 30 16 20 20 Four residents were not taxed, viz: Rev. Rufus Wells, Joseph Sanderson, Sen., Joseph Belding, Sen., Richard Chaun- cey. Of the non-residents, Eleazer Frary had 6 acres of tillage land, and raised 48 bushels of grain ; Daniel Graves had 5J acres, and 38 bushels ; Obadiah Dickinson had 7 acres, and 42 bushels ; Mary Smith had 10 acres, and 90 bushels ; Benjamin Wait, Jr., had 3 acres, and 21 bushels. Edward Brown had a saw mill ; Reuben Belding, a saw mill and a grist mill ; Paul Belding had a tan house. Summary. Number of Polls, ratable 71 " " not ratable. 4 "*Dwelling houses .... " Tan House 40 1 " Horses 45 " Cows 99 " Oxen 64 " Sheep " Swine — over three months old 375 56 " Bushels of grain raised 3495 " Barrels of cider made . 17 " Tons of English hay . " Saw mills, 2 ; Grist mill, 1 . 182^ 3 " Non-r6sident land owners 82 90 Though a little out of their proper places, yet for the sake of ready comparisoa, the following Certificate, and Assessors' Return, are inserted here. This may certify that the number of males from sixteen years old and upwards in the town of Whately, is one hundred and six (106) white persons, and t«ro (2) negroes. Joseph Bblding, ■\ Selectmen John Smith, > of Oliver Geavbs, 3 Whately. Whately, Jan. 20^ 1777. Vcduation of Estates and Polls in Whately, as established by the General Court, 1786. Number of Polls, ratable .... 135 " " not ratable. 6 " Dwelling houses .... 68 " Tan House 1 " Grist Mill— Sam'l Belding . 1 " Sawmilllfl 2i " Barns ..... 45 " Young neat cattle, 177 " Horses — 3 years old and upwards . 85 " Oxen, 88 " Cows — 3 years old and upwards . 171 " Sheep 264 .'< " Swine — over three months old 149 " Barrels of cider .... 96 " Acres of tillage land 619i " Acres of English mowing 220 " Acres of fresh meadow, 256 " Acres of pasture land . 1608i " Acres of woodland 161 " Acres of unimproved land 5325 " Acres of unimprovable land . 953 Stock in Trade £57 The first meeting for the ele'ction of town oflScers was held at the house of Daniel Morton, innholder. May 6, 1771. The ofi&cers chosen were as follows : — Salmon^W h it ej Town Clerk, . and Treasurer; Joseph Belding, Jun., and Henry Stiles, Con- stables; John Wait, Simeon Wait, Edward Brown, ^^jjuj, 91 White, and Philip Smith, Selectmen ; Edward BrowJf* Philip Smith, and S almon White . Assessors; Thomas Crafts, Sealer of Weights and Measures; Thomas Sanderson, Sealer of Leather; Peter Train, Oliver Graves, and Benj. Smith, Sur- veyors of Highways ; Israel Graves, Noah Bardwell, and John Wait, Jun., Fence Vi&wers; Benj. Scott, Jjin., John Brown, and Joseph Crafts, Field Drivers ; Elisha Belding and Noah Bardwell, Tything-men ; Benj. Smith, Perez Bardwell, and Abraham Turner, Wardens ; John Crafts, Martin Graves, and Elisha Frary, Deer Reeves ; Thomas Crafts, Surveyor of . , Shingles; Peter Train, Gad Smith, and Lemuel Wells, Hog Reeves. * The leading interests oj^he town will be treated of in separate chapters ; but some votes, characteristic of the time, which were passed at the earlier meetings, are here copied :— Voted, To build a pound forty feet square. Voted, That the Selectmen provide a Law book and a Record book. Voted, To provide a grave cloth for the use of the town. Voted, That David Scott and Joseph Scott be a Committee to provide two biers for the use of the town. Voted, That hogs may run at large from May 1, to October 15, being properly yoked and rung. Voted, To let two milch cows to a family run on the Commons. /it will be seen that the last Section of thenAct of Incorporation provides that the town shall have full power " to proceed with " persons "touching their removal." This provision shows the extreme care taken by our fathers to guard the rights and priv- * • ileges of citizenship. They wanted in every citizen, moral worth, and habits of industry and economy, and a purpose of permanent settlement. Hence the custom prevailed generally throughout the Province, of "warning out of town " all transient persons, and all who did not purchase real estate, and all strangers not vouched for by some inhabitant. And when a stranger came into town to reside, the person into whose family or tenement he came, was required to give notice to the Selectmen of the name of the person or persons, the place from which he came, his 92 pecunialf circumstances, and the date of his coming to town. The authorities would then, at their discretion, allow him to remain, or order him to be " warned and cautioned as the law directs." A person so warned was prevented from gaining a settlement, and the town escaped liability for his support. In several instances, this town availed itself of the right in question, as the following warrant will shov^!-— Hampshire, ss. To either of the constables of the town of Whately, in said county : Greeting : — In the name pf the Com- monwealth of Massachusetts, you are directed to warn Samuel Brass and Sabra Andross, transient pitsons, lately come into this town for the purpose of abiding therein, not having the town's consent therefor, that they depart the limits thereof with their children and others under their care, within fifteen days, and make due return of your doings to the clerk of the town. Signed by the Selectmen. The names of others, "warned" at different times, are: — Robert Durfy, Jonathaji Bacon, John Lamson, Benjamin Bacon,. Jonathan Clark, Zebina Lyon, Enoch Bird, Noah Coleman, William Brown, William Brown, Jr., Elisha Frary, Jr., Josiah Brown, Nath'l Coleman, Isaac Frary, Thomas Castwell. Some of the^e became permanent residents, and were among our best citizens. Some of them were " Shays' men," and received the "warning" after the overthrow of that Eebellion, when they attempted to regain a settlement In 1790, the town voted, " that all persons that are found seized of the freehold estate of ..the clear annual income of £3, shall be entitled to habitance, to every intent and purpose." CHAPTER VIII, ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY. Ix anticipation of a town organization, steps had been taken to secure regular Sabbath ordinances. In the February preced- ing, Mv. David Scott, acting in behalf of the others, had engaged iMr. Bufus Wells, of Deerfield, to preach, and he had supplied (^them from March 6, to April 28. The first entry in Mr. "Wells's account book, gives the full history of this preliminary transac- tion. 1771. Davu) Scott Dr. Mar. 6, to Apr. 28, To preaching to the people in Whatel) eight Sabbaths, by your engagement, on whom my de- mand is, and not y» saic people .£8 1771. Contra Cr. April 29. By cash received of Mr. Brown .£0 6 May 15. (( (( «( of Dan'l Morton . . 6 " 17. ( It (• ofElishaFrary . . 5 June 5. ( " " yourself . 2 5 July 9. ( " n Joseph Belding, Jr. . 13 Oct. 26. ' ( (1 tt Thomas Crafts . 6 Dec. 23. < " " Peter Train . 5 4 Jan. 22. ' ( (I (( Benoni Crafts . 6 Apr. 7. ' ( <( (1 SalmonWhke . 6 June 22. ' ( It (( Elisna Jjelding * . 4 May and Ju ne By yourself making plow, 6s. — Work 1 lewing and frami ng my louse to balance . 2 18 8 £8 At a meeting held, probably by adjournment, May 9th, three days afber the formal organization of the town, it was voted, (93) 94 /^o raise thirty pounds for preaching." June 4, 1771,, the 'town voted, To, hire Mr. Rufus Wells of Deerfield, to preach six weeks upon probation. Simeon Wait, John Wait, and Philip Smith were chosen a committee to engage Mr. Wells. The same committee were instructed to provide a place for Mr. Wells to board at ; who attended to the duty, and engaged board at Daniel Morton's. Mr. Wells continued to board here, and a|M Salmon White's, till Jiis marriage in 1776. Jf At the expiration of the six weeks' probation, the town voted, To give Mr. Rufus Wells a call to settle in the Gospel ministry with us. The conditions offered were as follows : a " aettlq- ment," as it was termed, of one hundred and thirty-three pounds, six shillings, and eight pence ; a salary of fifty-five pounds for the first year ; and to rise forty shillings yearly till it amount to seventy-five pounds. It was also voted, That Mr. Wells be allowed six pounds yearly for wood, to take place at such time as he sets up housekeeping. The committee to make these pro- posals to Mr. Wells were Nathan Graves, Daniel Morton and Salmon White^^ J'A. pound as then reckoned, was equal to three dollars, thirty- ^ree and a third cents. Hence the settlement would amount to 450 dollars ; and the full salary, including the allowance for wood, to 270 dollars per year. This sum sounds small, com- pared with ministers' salaries at the present day. But it is to be considered that money is valuable according as it procures the necessaries of life. Taking the price of wheat as a standard, 270 dollars then was equal to about 360 dollars now ; with the wages of labor for a standard, which is probably more just, the 270 dollars was equal to 550 dollars at the present tinae ; taking the price of land as the standard, 270 dollars then was equal to 2,000 dollars nov\^ The settlement was paid in land; the town making over to Mr. Wells th# lot lying east of the old parsonage, extending from land of Calvin Wells on the north, to land of J.""P. Dickin- son on the south, and containing near 60 acres. After giving Mr. Wells a call, (as above,) the town, it appears', applied to some of the neighboring ministers for advice in the case, and received an answer as follows : * The price paid for board was five shillings per week. 95 Whereas the inhabitants of Whately have applied to us for our advice respecting the settlement of Mr. Rufus Wells in the work of the ministry among them ; we hereby signify that we well approve of their choice of the- said Mr. Rufua Wells, and do freely advise to his settlement in the ministry in said Whately ; provided no sufficient obstacle shall appear in the way of his settlement there. Joseph Ashley. Jonathan Ashley. John Emerson. August ■f 2d, 1771. ^^OEMATiON OF A Chukch.'^— As preliminary to the formation of the church, at a town meeting held August 13, 1771, it was voted, That Wednesday the 21st day of this August be kept as a day of Fasting and Prayer by y° inhabitants of y' town of Whately. Voted, That Messrs. David Parsons of Amherst, Joseph Ashley of Sunderland, Jonathan Ashley of Deerfield, Samuel Hopkins of Hadley, and John Emerson of Conway, V. D. M., be the persons to perform the services of the day of Easting. August 21, 1771. On this day of Easting and Prayer, (writes Mr. Wells in his Church Records,) there being present on the occasion. Rev. Messrs Parsons, Jona. Ashley, Hopkins, and Emerson, after the public services of the day were finished, the members in 'full communion in Whately were embodied into a church, being recommended by the church of Christ in Hatfield, to which church by far the greatest part that were embodied did belong, and had communed there in all the ordinances of the Gospel. The Certificate of recommendation, above alluded to, was in the following words : — These may certify, that the within mentioned persons are members of the church of Christ in Hatfield, in regular standing ; and as such are recommended to be embodied in a church-state among themselves. By vote of the Ch. Oba. Dickinson. Hatfield, August 19, 1771. 96 The members embodied had the following ConfesSon of Faith, and Covenant, read to them, to which they consented, and which they subscribed. %,C0NFBeSl6N OF FAITH. We believe that God who is the Creator, I^ord and Judge of the world, hath discovered his sovereignty over man, and showed his mercy and goodness to him, in the clear and full Revelation of his will in all things that concern man's duty to God, his neighbor, and himself and the way of his salvation and happi- ness, in the Scriptures of the Old and New Testament ; which we acknowledge and believe to be a perfect Rule of our faith and practice, and that no new or further Revelation is to be expected. We believe concerning God, that he is the first, the greatest, and the best of Beings, in whom all perfection dwells, to whom nothing can be added, and from whom nothing can be diminished. We believe that God is one, and that in the unity of the Godhead, there are thftt are called persons, three, the Father, the Son, and the Holy Ghost ;. and that these three are one in essence, equal in power and glory. We believe God to be the Creator, Governor, and Judge of angels and of men, that nothing escapes his knowledge, and that he rules in the kingdoms of Nature, Providence, and Grace ; and according to the counsel of his own will doth all his pleasure in them. We believe that God made man male and female, with rea- sonable and immortal souls, after his own image in moral recti- tude, capable of knowing, serving and enjoying him, and yet capable of falling ; that God made a Covenant with man,--r-on condition of perfect obedience he was to continue in the favor of God, — and on his failure or disobedience, annexed death, the just wages of sin, as a penalty; that in this Covenant our first father stood and acted as the public head, representative of the whole human species ; that he broke covenant with God by eating the forbidden fruit ; that he and we by him came under the curse of God's righteous law, and forfeited the blessings of the first Covenant. 97 We belim^e that God the Father so loved the world that he gave his oiily begotten Son to be a Mediator between God and man in this his lapsed state ; to be born of a woman, made under the law, to redeem man and his posterity from the curse of the law, and to purchase eternal blessedness for them ; who as Me- diator sustains the office of Prophet, Priest, and King, and is made of God, wisdom, righteousness, sanctification, and redemp- tion to all that receive and believe in him as'offered in the Gospel ; and that on such and only such he will confer everlasting life and happiness, whom alone he hath predestinated to eternal life and blessedness. We believe the Immortality of the soul, and that there will be a Resurrection of the body from the dead, and an equal distribu- tion of rewards and punishments to every man according to his deeds done in the body, by God, who without respect of persons will judge the' secrets of men by Jesus Christ, according to his Gospel. We believe that it is the duty of all men constantly to observe and faithfully to attend, secret, family and public worship, and particularly the Ministry of the word, Prayer and Sacraments ^ of the New Testament, in and by which we believe that the Holy Spirit works upon the souls of men, and makes them effectual to their salvation, by the righteousness and complete obedience of him who is the great Head of the Church. Lastly, we believe that it is our duty as a society of Christians, to join together as a Church of Christ, to set up, attend upon and support a faithful Ministry among us^ COVENANT. We whose names are under written, being as we apprehend called of God to enter into the church-state of the Gospel, for the free and constant enjoyment of God's worship and ordinances, do in the first place acknowledge our unworthiness to be so highly favored of the Lord, and at the same time admiring and adoring the free grace of God which triumphs over so great unworthiness, with humble dependence on his grace, would now thankfully lay hold on his Covenant, and choose the things which please him. We declare our serious and cordial belief of the Christian Religion as contained in the sacred scriptures, and as it is usually 98 embraced by the faithful in the churches of New England — which is summarily exhibited in our Oonfession of Faith, as to the substance of it ; heartily resolving to conform ourselves to the rules of Christ's holy religion as long as we live in the world ; taking the Word of God for our only guide in all matters of religion ; professing repentance for all our sins and miscarriages, we desire, 2. To give up oureelves to the Lord Jehovah, Father, Son and Holy Ghost, and avouch him this day to be our God, our Saviour, and our Sanctifier, and receive him as our Portion forever. 3. We do in particular give up ourselves to the blessed Jesus, acknowledging his true Deity, and promise to adhere to him, as the Head of his people in the Covenant of grace, and rely upon him as our prophet, priest and king, to bring us to eternal blessedness. 4. We acknowledge our everlasting and indispensable obliga- tion to glorify God in all the duties of a sober, godly and reli- gious life, — and very particularly in the duties of church-state, and body of people associated, for an obedience- to him in all the ordinances of his Gospel ; and in this way we depend upon his gracious assistance to enable us faithfully to discharge all duties thus incumbent on us. 5. We do likewise promise and engage, with divine help, to walk together as a Church of our Lord Jesus Christ, in the faith and order of the Gospel, so far as we do know or shall have the same made known to us ; and faithfully and constantly to attend the public worship of God, and the sacraments of the New Testament, and to keep family religion in our houses ; and that we will carefully adhere to the laws of Christ's kingdom, with regai:d to the Discipline of the Church, and obey him in the Lord whom God shall give to rule over us, and set to watch for our souls ; and to attend to all God's holy institutions in com- munion with one another, watching over one another for good, and that in the spirit of meekness, love and tenderness ; carefully avoiding all sinful stumbling blocks, strifes and contentions, and that we will endeavor to keep the unity of the Spirit in the bond of peace. Finally, we do also present our Offspring with ourselves unto 99 the,Lord, resolving with divine help and assistance to endeavor our part in the method of a good and religious education that they m * be the Lord's ; that we will endeavor to give them seasonable and suitable instructions in the duties both • of piety and charity, and enforce the same by our own good example, counsels, admonitions and suitable corrections ; — and all this we endeavor to do, flying to the Blood of the everlasting Covenant for the free pardon of all our sins, praying that the gracious Head of the Church, who is the great Shepherd of the sheep, would prepare us for, and strengthen us unto every good word and work, working in us that which is well pleasing in his sight, through Jesus Christ, to whom be glory, honor, and thanksgiv- ing forever and ever. Amen. S^m^.Ji^^|ift. Simeon Wait, John Wait, Richard Chauncey, Nathan Graves, David Scott, Thomas CraftSj Daniel Morton, Israel Graves, Benjamin Smith, Philip Smith, Elisha Frary Joshua Beldin, John Wait, Jr., David Graves, Jr., Elisha Bel- ding, Oliver Graves. Besides the above who subscribed to the Covenant, the fol- lowing persons consented to it at the same time, and were em- bodied into a church-state with those who subscribed: viz., Ebenezer Baidwell, Elizabeth Bardwell, Elizabeth Belding, Sub- mit Scott, Abigail Smith, Martha Wait, Eunice Graves, M ar y White. Ruth Belding, Mary Wait, Abigail Crafts, Lydm Stiles, Ruth Stiles, George Prutt, Sarah Smith, Sarah Smith, Jun., Abigail Graves, Jemima Scott, Abigail Scott, Anna Belding, Margaret Belding, Sarah Wells, Eleanor Morton, Miriam Frary, Elizabeth Chauncey, Abigail Smith. i^pRDiNATiON OF A Pastor. — Mr. Wella. having given an answer acce'J)ting the call tp settle in the ministry, the town (no record is made of any church action in the case) proceeded I to make the necessary preparation for his ordination. The churches invited to compose the Council, and assist in the ordination, were thirteen in number, as follows: — Hatfield, Northampton, Hadley, Amherst, Sunderland, Montague, North- field, Bernardston, Greenfield, Deerfield, Conway, Ashfield, and Charlemont. 100 •TSalmon White was agreed with, to provide for and entertain €he Council. The Council met, and Mr. Wells was " set apart to 9ie work of the ministry, being made an overseer of the Church or Flock of Christ in Whately, by the laying on of the hands of the Presbytery," Sept. 25, 1771. The services were held under] /the shade of two large oaks, standing on the west side of the] /highway, just south of the dwelling house of Dr. Myron Har-I wood. A stage was built for the ministers, and the people were j gathered in front on temporaryseats. The exercises were per- formed by the following persons, in the following order : — Eev. Judah Nash, of Montague, made the first prayer; Rev. Jona. Ashley, of JDeerfield, preached the sermon from 1 Tim. iv. 6 ; Eev. Joseph Ashley, of Sunderland, made the ordaining prayer ; Rev. David Parsons, of Amherst, gave the charge ; Rev. Samuel HopkinSj of Hadley, gave the right hand of fellowship ; and Rev. John Hubbard, of Northfield, made the concluding prayer, j^uch minuteness of detail seems necessary, to furnish an intel- ligible and characteristic picture of those early times. These acts, and votes, and method of procedure, and style of expres- sion show us both the persons who acted, and their circum- stances ; and while they indicate the individual habits and tastes then common, of themselves they give a clear exposition of the opinions then prevalent on ecclesiastical matters, as well as (the doctrinal belief of the church. ji^hey show also the simplicity which characterized the organic |zation of a church in those days. No precept was neede.d to issue from any hierareh ; but the people assemble in their asso- ciate capacity, and with the counsel and assistance of neighboring churches and ministers make their penitent confessions, declare publicly their belief in the leading doctrines of the Gospel, and enter into covenant for mutual edification and discipline, — -' for the free and constant enjoyment of God's worship and ordi- nances." Such was the Congregationalism of our fathers' time.p^ VThe Half-way Covenant. — A custom prevailed for some ^ears in this church, as in other Congregational churches of New I England at that period, of receiving persons of good external 101 morality to " covenant privileges," as it was termed. Individ- uals of ordinary standing in society, who would acknowledge a belief in the doctrines of the Gospel as set forth in the Confes- sion of Faith, and would assent, in part, to the Covenant, were received by vote as ifiembers, in a limited sense, of the church. They were regarded as proper subjects of discipline, and might bring complaints against members in full communion ; they had the privilege of Baptism for themselves and families ; but were debarred from the communion of the Lord's Supper. f This was not in accordance with the original church platform /of New England. The first Puritans were stern opposers of this Ipractice as it had existed in the mother country. They believed, that when a man is " born again," a change is wrought in him, of which it is possible for him and others to find evidence. They held that the regenerate differ from the unregenerate by the pos- session of some substantial' good qualities, which must show themselves in thought and action. With such views of Chris- tian character, and regarding as they^id, the church as Christ's flock — "a peculiar people," — it was natural that they should admit none to their communion, except those who might, " in charitable discretion," be considered regenerate persons. '"But in time laxer notions began to prevail. Partly from the fpractice of requiring church-membei'ship as a qualification for ' civil oflSce ; and partly through the influence of emigrants be- jlonging to the Established Church, the New England churches gradually receded from their original standard. The Synod of L662 decided, that persons baptized in infancy, " understanding |he doctrine of faith, and publicly professing their assent there- into ; not scandalous in life, and solemnly owning the covenant before the church, wherein they give up themselves and their children to the Lord, and subject themselves to the government of Christ in the church — their children are to be baptized ; " though the parent thus -owning the covenant was avowedly yet unregenerate, and as such was excluded from the" Lord's Supper. Taking advantage of the sanction of this Synod, the practice was immediately adopted in many churches ; and after protracted and violent controversy, became' general. This method of admission to " church privileges," sometimes called the " half way covenant," appears to have obtained in this 102 church from its first organization ; though no formal expression of belief on the subject is recorded till 1778. The following votes were evidently intetided as a declaration of the sentiments of the church on this matter^ At a meeting of the church of Christ in Whately, Jan'y y" 7, 1778, the meeting being opened with prayer, the church passed the following votes. 1. Voted, That infants are introduced into covenant by Bap- tism. N. B. For the understanding the above vote, let it be ob- served, that though infants of believing parents are born into covenant, yet it is by baptism that they are declared to be within the church, and entitled to the visible privileges of it. Persons may be virtually in covenant by their own, or their parent's faith ; but they are not visibly and professedly in covenant or in the church, till they have passed under the appointed seal or visible mark of discipleshij), which under the second dispensa- tion is Baptism. By infants being introduced into covenant by Baptism, may te understood, that they have the visible mark of Christ's family upon them, and are visibly and professedly subjects of the house- hold of faith; and are to be treated as members of Christ's church, that are declared members, and have a right to the visible privileges of it. 2. Voted, That all baptized persons at a suitable age are proper subjects of church discipline. 3. Voted, That such persons as come to full compaunion with the church, shall be of competent knowledge, in the opinion of the Pastor ; that they publicly profess their faith, and consent to the church covenant. These votes (in spite of their verbal redundancy) appear to contain what was considered a definition of the import of Bap- tism ; and a statement of the distinction between those who were entitled to " church privileges," and those who might " come to full communion." Baptism was not' regarded as a converting ordinance, but as an important means of grace; so important that all should desire to avail themselves of its advantages. In 103 some sense, and by some virtue, it brought the subject " into covenant." Those baptized in infancy, it would appear, were thus considered as introduced to the church, and at a suitable age were to be " entitled to the visible privileges " of it, and to be- come the subjects of church discipline, — though practically, a formal vote was taken on their admission, as in the case of others. Only persons of competent knowledge, who should make public profession of faith, and consent to the church cove- nant, might be received to full communion. If the word " knowledge " was used in its scriptural sense, (1 Tim.Ji. 4,) the standard of admission to JuU membership was nominally in accordance with the faith of*the Pilgrim fathers. But probably it was given a much broader signification. This practice of baptism under the half way covenant contin- ued to prevail in this church for forty-five years. As was natural, most heads of families became connected with the church. The circumstances of its abolition may be learned by the following extract from the Church Records. /"At a meeting of the Congregational Church of Christ in Whately, March 18, 1816, duly notified and warned by the desire of Brother Joel Wait, the meeting beings opened with prayer by the moderator, Brother Joel Wait stated that it was matter of grief and offence to him, that this church admitted persons to the privilege of baptism for their children upon professing their belief of the doctrines of the Gospel, and con- senting in part to the church covenant, and yet neglected to attend upon the sacrament of the Lord's Supper — when he con- ceived that this practice was not countenanced by the Word of God/ The brethren having conversed upon the subject, the following questions were put to the church, viz. ' 1. Is it scriptural to admit persons to the privilege of baptism for their children, upon professing their belief of the doctrines of the Gospel, and consenting to the church covenant in part, and yet neglect to attend upon the sacrament of the Lord's Supper? And it passed in the negative. 104 it 2. Shall the practice of 80 admitting persons to the privilege of baptism for their children, be abolished and set aside in this church ? And it passed unanimously in the affirmative. The meeting was then closed with prayer by the Pastor, and dissolved. Attest, • Rupus Wells, Pastor. ^^hvLs did the church voluntarily free herself from a custom of /dangerous tendency, and become in practice, "-what her Creed and I Covenant had always been in doctrine, a church of the Puritans. • >1Se*MketdJg-House. — At the time of the organization of ^he church, and settlement of Rev. Mr. Wells, no meeting- flhouse had been built. The people first met for religious wor- ship in the dwelling house of Oliver Morton. The meetings were held here for perhaps two years. December 2, 1771, the town voted, To»allow Oliver Morton three pounds for his house to meet in for the term of one year. March 6, 1774, voted To pay Mr. Morton one pound ten shillings for the use of his house six months. Meetings • for public worship were also held for a time, perhaps a year, at the house of Rev. Mr. Wells ; the town, as compensation, agreeing to assist him in finishing his house. December 2, 1771, a vote was passed, To make provision for a meeting-house. A committee, consisting of David Sco.tt, Thomas Crafts, Joseph Belding, Jr., Noah Bardwell, and David Graves, Jr., was appointed at the same time, to carry out the above vote. At a meeting a few weeks later, the town instructed the ahove committee to provide four thousand feet of pine boards, clap-boards, window frames and sash, and timber sufficient for said meeting-house. The timber was cut wherever it could be easiest procured. The boards and joist were sawed at the mill of Adonijah Taylor, where Silas Sanderson's mills are now located. The next spring (March 30, 1772,) the town voted. To pro- vide shingles this present year for the meeting-house. These were purchased at about ten shillings per thousand. In the fall of this year (October 5, 1772,) it was voted. That the meeting- 105 house be set up next spring. It was also voted at the same time, That the raeeting-house be placed in the " Chestnut Plain street/' (so called,) at the most convenient place between the dwelling- house of Oliver Morton, and that of Rufus Wells, V. D. M. in Whately. S ^ i Lmnn White. • Edward Brown, Oliver Graves, tToseph Belding, Jr., and David Scott, were chosen Building Committee. The spot they selected was where the meeting- house of the First Parish stood. At the same meeting it was voted to raise eighty pounds to build said meeting-house, the money to be levied by tax on the ratable polls and property of the inhabitants. At a tov\j§ meeting held a few months later, it was voted, To build one porch to the meeting-house ; though the vote was never carried into effect. ♦ yUanng the winter of"!'/ 72-3 , the. timber and materials were collected, and at a meeting held May 10, 1773, the town granted f additional money, and voted that David Scott be master work- I man to frame the house. In the course of the two followins months, the house was framed, raised, and partially covered. At a town meeting held July 8, 1773, it was voted. To raise forty pounds to go on and finish the meetijig-house. The " finish " then put an, however, was not of the highest order, as will be seen in the particular description which follows : — on the outside, the roof was well shingled, though it had no steeple or tower ; the sides and ends were covered with rough' boards, chamfered together. The windows in the lower story were pretty fully glazed ; those in the upper story were boarded up. There were three doors to the house, one each on thp north, east, and south sides, — that on the east side being reckoned the front door. These were made of rough boards, and not very tightly fitted. Thus uniform was the covering upon the outside. The inside had no " finish " at all, except a ground floor. The sides were destitute of both plastering and laths, and the frame work of the galleries, the beams, girths and rafters were all naked. A rbuch board pulpit, raised a few feet,, was placed in the centre of the west side. Directly in front of the pulpit, a carpenter's work bench was left. The seat which was placed before this bench was claimed by the old ladies, that they might hear better, and have a support for the back. The seats were nothing more than low 106 slab forms; these were arranged without much regard to order, ■and were free to all. After some years, Mr. Wells nailed up a couple of boards, on the left of the pulpit, for the better accomodation of his wife; and a sort of pew, or bench with a. back fixed to it, was fitted up by a few of the young men, on the east side, near the door, capable of seating six or ei^t persons./** Che house remained in this state twenty-four or twenty- ive years. During this time, it was hardly more respectable in appearance, or more comfortable, than an ordinary' single f boarded barn.* In winter, drifting snows found easy entrance ; and in summer, the swallows^m great numbers ,|pvere accus- tomed to fly in, and build their mud nests on the plates and raftersr\P'' t'^® Sabbath, these social little intruders, twittering as merrily as ever, seemed entirely regardless of the people below ; plainly having it for their ma:#im, to mind their own ■business, however much the minds and eyes of those below might be" attracted to themselves. It is said that during the few months of their annual stay, Mr. Wells seldom or never , exchanged with his brethren of other towns, — giving as a rea- son, that he feared the swallows, to which habit had familiarized him, would be too great an annoyance to strangers* He could say with the Psalmist, " The sparrow hath found a house, and the swallow a nest for herself, where she may lay her young, even thine altars, O Lord of Hosts.jJ^ /^ * In those days no stoves or fire-places were found in the meeting-house. f The men kept their feet warm by thumping them together ; the women / carried foot-stoves, filled 'with coals from the hearth at home. Families J who lived at a distance hired a " noon room " somewhere in the village, I where they could eat their lunch, get warm, and fill their, foot-stoves with I fresh coals. An article was once inserted in the town warrant, " To see I if the town will grant leave, to people that live at a distance from meeting, I to build a fire in the school-house on Sabbath noons." Passed in the negative. i(PIt is quite probable that some of his good friends were accustomed to jinake the pastor's kitchen their noon-room, and that the genial fire, and igenial fare, were the cause of a little tardiness in reaching the sanctuary Vor the afternoon service. Otherwise it is not easy to account for the fol- lowing vote of the town :—" Voted, That the intermission on Sunday be one hour, and that the selectmen be a committee to inform the pastor when to begin the exercises, and to be punctual.'/ 107 ^here were two reasons which prevented- the- further conaple- , don of the meetiRg-house. The first, was the war_ofjtJig.^s.y- i Jlutio nj which broke out soon after the town was incorporated. ,I?his for some years absorbed the chief attention ; of the com- munity, and the taxes levied to support it drained the people of money. The other reason, was a division of sentiment about the location of the house. A part demahded that it should be , moved half a mile to the south-west, to a spot south of " Spruce Hill," (in, the lot owned in 1849 by the^ev. John Ferguson,) and a majority insisted that it should remain on the old spot. Many votes were passed, and afterwards reconsidered. Many ..expedients were devised by both parties. Numerous committees ' both of the town's people, and of disinterested men from abroad, were appointed on this question, with various results. At the town meeting in March, 1788, a vote was passed and insisted on. To raise seventy pounds to repair the meeting-house. This led to the drawing up of the following " protest," which was presented to the town at a meeting in April : — -iQVe, the subscribers, the people of the westerly part of the town of Whately, whose names are under written, do enter a protest to this meeting, April 10, 1788, against the proceedings, of the other parts of the town, — that is, in finishing up the meeting-house in the place where it now stands. For we have been to the cost of having a committee to determine where the just spot for the meeiing-house to stand is, who determined in the centre of the town ; and there we are willing to finish it up, and nowhere else. "John Smith, Elisha Frary, Phineas Frary, Elihu Wait, Simeon Morton, Edward Brown, Joel Wait, Reuben Graves, John Brown, Moses Munson, John Starks, Bernice Snow, Isaiah Brown, Eeuben Taylor, Asa Sanderson, NoahBardwell." This protest not being heeded, the signers and others with- drew, and formed a new society. They afterwards erected a meeting-house on the " Poplar Hill road." This was the origin of the Baptist society of Whately.* * The feelings engendered by this long, and at times bitter controversy, about the location of the meeting-house, were not at once subdued. Those who attached themselves to the new organization, and paid the expenses 108 Although the town voted, at this date, to raise money repair the meeting house, it does not appear that any fun were actually expended for this purpose till 1797. The seven pounds was paid to Mr. Wells for arrearages of his salai Various moneys were raised, in different years, for repairs ; a then otherwise expended. December 5, 1796, the town voted. To raise three hundr pounds for repairing the meeting-house, and appointed a coi mittee to carry out the vote. In January following, twen pounds additional was granted ; and in the springs the work w commenced. In the course of the year, (1797,) the house w thoroughly repaired. The outside wa8 clap-boarded and painte( the vacant windows of the upper story, which had afford access to the swallows for so many years, were glazed ; ai paneled doors were put in. The inside was also "finished' galleries were put up, and pews built. The pews were squar enclosed with paneled work, according to the fashion of tl times. The pulpit, situated as before, was a plain structur very high, square corners, and projecting centre, with a he agonal sounding board suspended above. No formal consecration of the house appears to have be« made, at its first opening in 1773. But now that it had be( made more seemly, a' day was specially set apart, and it wi solemnly dedicated to Godw' j^EATiNG THE Meeting-House . — At the town meeting he Dec. 4, 1797, it was voted " not to sell the pews ; " and insteai a committee of nine persons was chosen, " to seat the meetinj house," i. e. to assign to each family the particular pew th( were to occupy for a year, or longer, as the case might be. Tl principle of " seating," at first adopted, is not known. ' Tl practice prevailed^ in some vears, of seating by aqe, and som incidental to maintaining separate ordinances, claimed that they ought be released from liability to ' pay their proportion of the expenses of t old church. The law was against them ; and the majority of the town w against them ; and for a series of years they bore the double burden. B in 1794, the town voted, " That the treasurer pay to all such persons thf ministerial rates, as shall procure proper certificates of their attending i other teachers, and shall profess to diflfer in sentiment from those Christia called Congregationalls." 109 t imes, j j / pr ope r ty.. At a town meeting, held May 19, 1800, it was voted, " That in 'seating people, one year in the age of ?i person shall be reckoned equal to one dollar on the list." This custom, which prevailed for upwards of twenty years, was the occasion of much strife, and many jealousies and heartburnings. Individuals and families disliking their seat-mates, would some- times absent themseljps entirely from meeting ; and in one instance, an individual made an ajjpeal to the town at a regular meeting of the inhabitants ; and a vote was passed, assigning him a given pew. The pews and internal fixtures erected at this time, remained in the same state and fashion, till 1843. In .the s pring, of 18.1 9 . the town voted to sell the, pews in the meeting-house ; and in this and the following years, a large num- ber of them were sold. Of the avails of this sale of pews, a steeple was built upon the south end of the house, and a bell purchased. This was done in 1821-^1^ The people now for the first time, heard the sound of the 'jlchurohrgoing bell." In the (^arly days of the town, perhaps till 1795, it was customary to call the people together on the Sabbath, by blosving a conchy It was blown once, an hour before the time of service ; and again I as the minister was approaching the; house. From 1795 to 1822, I no public signal was given ; the people assembling at their Lpleasure. In 1843, the meeting-house was entirely re-modeled — though the original frame erected by Master Scott in 1773, being found : perfectly sound, was left unaltered. After the re-union of the First and Second Parishes, this house was sold and taken down, (1867) and the united congre- gation removed to the house built by the Second Parish, stand- ing just south of the old Parsonage. Statistics. — The original number who subscribed and as- sented to the covenant of the church was 43. f The number of /"■ ' In 1795, it was " voted, that the town will not improve any body to /blow the conch as a signal for meeting." The identical shell is- now in \pos possession of Mr. Porter Wells. f The names of David Graves, Sen., Joseph Belding, Sen., and Rebecca Graves, wife of Oliver Graves, were on the certificate of recommendation from the Hatfield church, and should be added to the list of original mem- bers, on page 99. 110 persons admitted to full membership during Rev. Mr. Wells's pastorate, i. e. up to 1822, was, aecording'to the church recordf^ 374. But many who were received to "covenant privileges," were accustomed to partake of the sacrament; some names were unintentiqnally omitted from the records?; and the actual number in communion is believed to be 488. The total number of members received to church fellowship^^from 1771 to 1871, is 940. Present membership, 1,^0. In 1788, a colony comprising about twenty-five church , mem- bers, withdrew from the communion of the church, and professed Anti-pedobaptist sentiments, Oh. Rec. This was the nucleus of the Baptist church in the west part of the town. In 1842, seventeen members-r-soon followed by others to the number in all of seventy-five — withdrew, and were formed into the Second Congregational Church. Revivals. — It is in place to note the fact, that this church has been blessed with several seasons of special religious revivals. In 1816, 51 weyre added to the church ; in 1826, 106 ; in 1834, 30 ; in 1838, 34 ; in 1842, 45 ; in 1858, 52. iEV. Mr. Wells. ^In accordance with the customs of the Aime, Mr. Wells managed the affairs of a large and productive (farm, in connection with his ministerial duties. He was emi- nently successful in both callings. His accounts-^- often quoted \from in these pages — filled a large sized folio of 285 pages. He also acted as conveyancer and counsellor, in drawing up con- tracts, filling deeds, and writing wills. His charge for drawing up a lease, or writing a will, was onei shilling ; for drawing up a bond, two shillings. After the death of his first wifcj in 1796, to whom he was tenderly attached, he suffered for a time from mental depression, which amounted to partial insanity. While he was in this state, by advice of the Association a day of fasting and prayer was appointed by the church, — as it appears, with- out consulting the pastor. It was arranged that Rev. Mr> Tay- lor, of Deerfield, should preach in the morning, and Rev. Mr. Porter, of Ashfield, in the afternocn. Mr. Taylor prepared a sermon on the subject of mental derangement, not expecting that Mr. Wells would attend the meeting. But just before the ser- Ill nion was to comnience, he entered the meeting-house and took a seat. Tliej)readifi£,.,was a good deal disconcerted, and"^egged of Mr. Porter to preach in his stead.^ But the latter declined, and insisted that Mr. Taylor should preach the sermon which he had prepared. It proved to be a wise arrangement. Before this, Mr. Wells had not realized his mental condition ; but thought that his friends treated him strangely, and acted like enemies. Towards the close of the afternoon service, which he also attended, while pondering the question why his friends had thus treated him, he was led to the conclusion that something! Vv-as' wrong in himself; that he was in fact deranged. A re-ac- ; tion at once began : and his mind recovered its former.tone and | strength. pdr. Wells continued to discharge in full the duties of pastof fill 1822, a period of fifty years, when the infirmities of age, then lapparently about to break down his constitution, induced him [and the people to seek a colleagu^ At the same time he con- sented to a reduction of one hundred dollars from his yearly salary. After this date, hovvever, he recovered in a measure his strength, and wqgld occasionally exercise the functions of his oflSce, till near the time of his death. His last (recorded) public act, was the marriage of his grand-daughter. Miss Sarah Wells, to Mr. Silas Kice, November 8, 1831. Tlie entry of this in the church record in his own hand, now tremulous and uncertain, forms a striking contrast to the plain, bold penman-- ship of his early prime/^ He died, November 8, 1834, in the ninety-second year of his age^ The sermon at his funeral was preached by Rev. Nathan Perkins of Amherst, who was then the oldest survivor of Mr. Wells's particular associates. ^<^t would be foreiign to my purpose to give an extended analysis of the character of Rev. Mr. Wells. Let it suffice to say, that he was a man of undoubted piety : his sermons were largely scriptural and practical, rather than doctrinal : he rebuked and exhorted with all long-sufiering and gentleness. As a preacher, he helH a respectable rank among his cotemporaries ; as a pastor, « he was pre-eminently a peace-maker ; as a man, he was very affable, and of good»social qualities. He made no enemies, and was kind and faithful to his friends. /in the course of his ministry, Mr. Wells married three hundred 112 and five couples ; and administered baptism to nine hundred an fifty-six persons. He wrote about three thousand sermons ; a fe\ of which were printed. His last sermon, written probably wit no idea that it would he the last, was on Heb. iv. 9 : — " Ther remaineth therefore a rest to the people of God<^ But to return to the thread of our narrative. At a town meetin held December 21, 1821, Capt. Salmon Graves, moderator,' i was voted to give Mr. Lemuel P. Bates (of Southampton,) call to settle in the gospel ministry as colleague pastor with th Rev. Rufus Wells. Voted, to give Mr. Bates three hundre and fifty dollars salary per year, during Mr. Wells's nature life ; and four hundred and fifty dollfirs per year during hi ministry with us after the decease of Mr. Wells. Voted, To give Mr. Bates five hundred dollars settlement to be paid in three annual installments ; and if he leave us befpr the three years are expired, he draws only in proportion to th time he preaches with us. Voted, That Mr. Bates have the privilege of being dismissed by giving the town one year's notice ; and the town have th privilege of dismissing Mr. Bates by giving him one year notice ; " provided either party holds that mind during the year This last vote was the occasion of some distrust on the part c the ordainmg council. Dr. Lyman, of Hatfield, warmly pro tested against the conditions therein implied ; and it was not tii •the parties concerned declared it was their understanding, " thfi Mr. Bates could not be dismissed without the advice of a ecclesiastical council,'' that the council consented to proceed t the examination of the candidate. "Mr. Bates was ordaine4 February 13, 1822. The order c exercises was as follows : introductory prayer, by Rev. Jame Taylor, of Sunderland ; sermon, by Rev. Zephaniah Swift Moore D. D., President of Amherst College ; consecrating prayerj b Rev. Dr. Lyman, of Hatfield ; charge to the pastor, by Re\ John Emerson, of Conway ; right hand of fellowship, by Re^ • Wm. B. Sprague, of West Springfield; charge to the people by Rev. Henry Lord, of Williamsburg ; concluding prayer, b Rev. Vinson Gould, of Southampton. • jfit is a fact somewhat remarkable, that one of the abov Council, Rev. John Emerson, of Conway, was a member of th 113 council which ordained Eev. Mr. Wells, the first pastor of the church, fifty years before.^ _ By the terms .^pf his settlement, Mr. Bates could claim but three hundred and fifty dollars annual salary ; the senior pastor still living. But in 1828, '29, and '32, the parish (which was organized separate from the town, April 30, 1828,) granted him one hundred dollars additional. He held the office of pastor for the term of ten years, and was dismissed October 17, 1832. After the dismission of Eev. L. P. Bates, the church remained destitute of a pastor for four years. The pulpit was regularly supplied the while by various ministers and candidates ; among whom were Rev. Messrs. Packard of Shelburne, and Rev. John Eastman. The third paptor was Rev. John Ferguson, of Dunse, Ber- wickshire,, Scotland ; previously settled in Attleboro'. The terms of his settlement were five hundred dollars annual salary ; with the condition, "that the existing connection may be dis- solved at the pleasure of either party by an ecclesiastical coun- cil." He was installed March 16, 1836 ; the sermon was preach^ by Rev. John Todd, of • Pittsfiftld. Mr. Ferguson was dismissed June 17, 1840. The church now continued without a settled ministry five years. The pulpit was supplied during the interim by Rev. Moses Chase, Rev. Sumner Lincoln, Mr, Porter H. Snow, Mr. John W. Salter, and the Faculty of Amherst College. Mr. Salter was invited to settle, February 17, 1843 ; Mr. Snow was Invited, April 10, 1845 ; but both declined. The fourth pastor was Rev. J. H. Temple, of Framfcgham, who was ordained September 30, 1845 ; the Rev. Joel Hawes, D. D., of Hartford, Conn., preaching the sermon. The terms of his. settlement were, " five hundred dollars a year as a salary as long as he is our minister, with liberty to take a vacation of three Sabbaths each year ; that, when either party becomes dis- satisfied, one month's notice shall be given, and this contract shall end and the connection be dissolved in the usual way." Mr. Temple was dismissed March 24, 1852. xhe fifth pastor was Rev. Charles N. Seymour, of Hartford, Conn., who was installed March 9, 1853. The sermon was 114 • preached by Rev. Nahum Gale, Professor in the Theological Seminar^at East Windsor Hill, Conn. He was dismissed April 20859. • * The sixth pastor — now in office — is the Rev. John W. Lane, of South Newmarket, N. H., who was ordained October 17, 1860. Professor Ajistin Phelps, D. D., of Andover Theo- logical Seminary, preached the sermon; W. A. Stearns, D. D., President of Amherst College, made the ordaining prayer. Mr. Lane's salary was fixed at eight' hundred dollars per year. Ie 1869 it was raised to one thousand dollars. In the century since its organization, the church has had a settled pastorate for eighty-nine years. Pastors. — For convenient reference, a list of the Pastors of the Church, with items of their public history not already given, is here subjoined. Eev. Rnfus Wells, graduated at Harvard College, 1764 ; licensed bj Hampshire Association, Nov. 1769; ordained Sept. 25, 1771. Rev. Lemuel P. Bates, graduated at Williams College, 1818 ; studied Theology with Rev. DrftOsgood, of Springfield, and at Princetm Serai- nary; ordained at Whately, Feb. 13, 1822; dismissed Oct. 17, 1832; installed at Templeton, Jan. 15, 1833 ; dismissed Mar. 1837; preached a1 Pontiac, Mich., eight years; at Flint, Mich., one year ; at Conneautville, Perm., four years ; and several years in the neighborhood of Detroit, Mich., and Alton, 111. ; died at Alton March 5, 1860. Rev. John Ferguson, not a college graduate; studied Theology witt .Rev. Calvin Park, D.D.; ordained pastor of Second Church, Attleboro' Feb. 27, 1822; dismissed Mar. 1835; installed at Whately, , Mar. 16 1836; dismissed June 17, 1840; preached at Lanesboro' two j'ears appointed agent of the American Tract Society, 1842, in which service h« continued till his death. Rev. Josiah Howard Temple, fitted to enter the sophomore class ir college, 1836, but was prevented by failure of eye-sight ; spent two yearf in study of Botany, and attending lectures at Amherst College ; studiec Theology with Rev. Joel Hawes, D. D., Hartford, Ct. ; licensed b] Hampshire Association, at Worthington, May 6, 1845 ; ordainec a,t Whately, Sept. 30, 1845 ; dismissed Mar. 24, 1862. A teacher a Hartford, Ct., in Mountain Seminary, Worthington, Mass., and Leice^ Academy, seven years ; author of various historical works, and school tex books. 115 Rov. Charles N. Seymour, graduated at Trinity College, 1841 ; studied Theology at New Haven ; ordained at Huntington, Ct., June 26, 1841 ; .dismissed Aug. 1847 ; stated supply Broad Brook (East Windsor, Ct.J; installed at Whately, Mar. 9, 1853 ; dismissed Apr. 27, 1859 ; installed at Brooklyn, Cfc., Dec. 21, 1859, where he still resides. Rev.^^gha^iUiamLana, graduated at Amherst College, 1856 ; An- dover Tlieologicar^rainaryT 1859 ; licensed by Middlesex South Associ- ation, Jan. 1859; ordained at Whately, Oct. 17, 1860 ; still retains the pastoral relation. Rev. Jonathan S. Judd, graduated at Williams College, 1839 ; Bast Windsor Theological Seminary, 1842 ; ordained in Second Church, Whate- ly, Oct. 12, 1843 ; dismissed Oct. 23, 1855 ; installed at Middlebury, Ct., June, 1856, where he remained till his death. May 11, 1864. Rev. Charles Lord, graduated at Amherst College, 1838 ; Andover Theological Seminary, 1842 ; ordained at Booneville, Mo., Oct. 20, 1843; Home missionary in Missouri and Wisconsin, eight years ; installed at Madison, Wis., Oct. 20, 1852; dismissed May 8, 1854; installed over Second Church, Whately, Mar. 20, 1856; dismissed June 14, 18t)0; installed at Buckland, Mass. 1860. Deacons.- — The persons who have held the office of Deacon in this church since its organization, are the following : — Nathan Graves, elected October 16, 1771 ; (Oliver Graves was chosen at the same time, but declined serving. ) Salmon White, elected April 16, 1773. Thomas Sanderson^ elected June 14, 1786. Levi Moreton, elected December 17, 1800. John Whi_^ and Eleazar Frary, efected March 22, 1810, (though there is no record of Mr. Frary's acceptance.) James Smith and Justus ^hite. elected July 1, 1821. David Sanders, elected May 12; 1836. Reuben H. Belden, and Elial A. Dickinson, elected February 27, 1843. L. W. Hannura, elected . Elihu Belden, elected July, 1860. John White, elected May, 1861. Communion Fcrnituee. — The two flagons and the two tankards were purchased in 1797, from funds bequeathed to the church by deacon Obadiah Dickinson, of Hatfield. The two silver cups and four tumblers were presented to the church in 1822, lllltMessrs. Francis, Keuben, and Aaron Belden. The silver baptismal basin was presented by Mjss. Judith White. In 1865, two silver plated plates were purchased. 116 * Singing. — Choristers, " to set the psalm in meeting," were chosen by the church till 1821, when they were elected by the choir. The persons first chosen by the church, Oct. 16, 1771, were John Wait, Jr., John Graves, and Elihu Graves : those chosen by the choir in 1821, were R. B. Harwood, and Warner. ' In 1798, "The town voted 20 dollars, to revive singing in the town : that 4 pounds of it be laid out in the east part of the town for the above purpose, and 40 shillings be laid out in the west part, to support a cyphering school or a singing school, as the inhabitants of that part shall decide ; both schools to be free for all parts of the town, and be under the direction of the select- men." Sabbath School. — It is believed that the first efibrt to gather children into classes on the Sabbath for religious instruc- ■ tion, in Whately, was made by Miss Chloe Adkins, and Ruth Dickinson. This was probably in the year 1820. The children '. learned verses of Scripture, and hymns, of their own selection. Mr. Wells was accustomed to go into the centre schools on Satr, urday, to see if the children had selected and committed to mem- ory the lesson for the next day. No regular school was organ- ized till after the settlement of Mr. Bates — ^perhaps not till 1826. The early teachers, besides the two already named, were Lu- cinda Bates, Ann Edwards, Harriet Frary, Xydia .AlHsj DeifS't James Smith, Pea. ^Justas White, Spencer Sard well, Lutheir ^ Warner, John White. (Jneof the deacons was probably the ■II >iii I - MTiil"^ ^ / , first superintendent. For a number of years after its organiza- . tion, the school drew in most of the children, and many of the older church members, who formed adult classes for the study of , the Bible. J^LEEGTMEN WHO OEIGINATED IN WhATELT. Alvan Sanderson, born December 13, 1780 ; son of Thomas and Lucy Sanderson ; graduated at Williams College, 1802 ; studied Thadogy with Kev. Dr. Hyde, of Lee, and Eev. Dr. Lyman, of Hatfield ; KSensed by Berkshire Association, October 17, 1804; ordained an Evangelist, at Westhampton, Feb. 4, 1807 (sermon by Eev. Rufua Wells) ; installed 117 colleague with Kev. Nehemiah Porter, Ashfield, June 22, 1808 ; died, June 22, 1817. Pomeroy Belden, born March 15, 1811; son of Aaron and Sarah Belden; graduated at Amherst College, 1833; Andover Theological Seminary, 1886 ; ordained an Evangelist at Warwick, August 8, 1837 ; preached as stated supply, at Deerfield, from 1837 to 1842 ; installed in Amherst, East Parish, September 14, 1842; died, March 2, 1849. Alonzo Sanderson, born June 24, 1808, son of Joseph, and Content Sanderson ; graduated at Amherst College in 1834 ; Andover Theological Seminary in 1837; ordained at Ludlow, in January, 1839; installed at Tolland, July 12, 1843 ; installed at Wellington, Ohio, March 1, 1854. Mr. Sanderson was born in Bernardston ; but regarded Whately as his ancestral home. William Bardwell, born October 13, 1813, son of Orange and Euphame Bardwell ; studied at Wesleyan University, Middletown, Ct. ; ordained by Methodist Conference, May, 1846 ; died at Northampton, 1851. Perez Chapin, born April 29, 1783, son of Perez (M. D.) and Elizabeth Chapin; graduated at Middlebury College, 1808 ; studied Theology with Eev. Abijah Wines, Newport, N. H. ; licensed in Cornish, N. H., March, -1810; ordained at Pownal, Me., March 20, 1811; died, January 27, 1839. He was " a model of a minister of Jesus Christ." Lucius W. Chapman, born January 7, 1820, son of Isaac and Hannah Chapman ; studied at Shelburne Falls Academy ; licensed in Westmoreland County, Penn., February 5, 1842, and ordained as a Bap- tist minister in Jefferson County, Penn., October 14, 1842; became a Presbyterian, and was installed pastor of the Presbyterian church at Lycoming Centre, November, 1849 ; residence in 1854, Munroetown, Penn. Kufus Porter Wells, born February 4, 1818; son of Thomas and Mary Wells ; graduated at Amherst College in 1842 ; graduated at Union Theological Seminary, New York, 1845 ; licensed by Third Presbytery of New York, April 18, 1845 ; ordained an Evangelist in Jonesboro', E. ■ Tenn., by the Holston Presbytery, September 26, 1846 ; installed at Jonesboro', August 17, 1850. <^hen the Civil War broke out in 1861, Mr. Wells declined to pray for the siftcess of the new ©onfederacy, and lost the sympathy of a large portion of his church ; and rather than suffer confiscation and imprisonment with other Union men, after long and perplexing delays, and a journey with his family to Richmond and back, he procured a pass, and went through the lines by way of Mur- fteesboro', Lebanon, and Gallatin, Tenn., crossing the Cumberland River in a canoe, November 27, 1862. He preached to the United Presbyterian , •^'.■•■••smuit&ili^,. 118 and Congregational cturches of Prairie du Sac, Wis., till March, '( then one year to the Second Presbyterian church of Thorntown and t Bethel Presbyterian church of Boone County, Indiana. He spent i year 1865 in lalsors with the Second Presbyterian church- of Knoxvil Tenn. In April, 1866, he commenced, gathering a Congregational chut ^ Gilbertsville in the town of Hardwick, Massachusetts. The church y organized March 7, 1867, with thirty-eight members, and increased fifty-three. He left Gilbertsville, December, 1868; was installed pas' of the Congregational church at Southampton, Massachusetts, January 1869. George K. Ferguson, born in Attleboro', Mass., March 19, 1829; s of Rev. Jolin and Margaret S. Ferguson ; graduated at Amherst Collej 1849; studied at Andover Theological Seminary, 1858-'59; licensed Franklin County Association, July, 1858; acting pastor at North Ea Dutchess County, N. Y., from September, 1859, till the present tin Post office address, Millerton, New York. Horace B. Chapin, who was installed colleague with Rev. Enoch Ha of Westhampton, Mass., July 8, 1829 ; dismissed. May 1, 1837 ; instai: at Danville, Me , July 24, 1839 ; was son of Dr. Perez and EIizab( Chapin, of Whately ; but was born after his parents removed to Bensi Vermont. f Second Chuech. — The Second Congregational Church Whately was organized by an ecclesiastical council, Nov. 1 1842. The meeting-house was built in the spring and sumn: of 1843 ; and the first pastor, Rev. Jonathan S. Judd, Westhampton, was ordained October 12, 1843. Rey. Willii A. Hawley, of Plainfield, preached the ordination sermon. T number of church members, January 1, 1848, was one hundi and five. After a successful pastorate of twelve years, '^ Judd was dismissed October 23, 1855. Rev. Charles Loi the second pastor, was installed March 20, 1856 ; and dismiss January 14, 1860. This church was disbanded January 5 1864.^ffi[ost of the members had previously united with the ( church. 'The meeting-house was remodeled and enlarged 1867, and is now the place of worship of the united Concr gational churchy/^ Baptist Church.— The Baptist Church in Whately v constituted May 5, 1789. At first it was composed of ab( twenty-five members who withdrew from the Cono-reo-atioi ^ 119 church, and about forty others belonging to this and neighbor- ing towns. The meeting-house was located on the Poplar Hill road. The regularly ordained pastors have been, — Rev. Asa Todd, of Westfield, orJained September 9, 1789; Rev. Stephen Barker, of Heath, installed, 1807 ; Rev. John R. Goodnough, ordained August 26, 1823 ; Rev. Lorenzo Rice, ordained Feb- ruary 8, 1837. After this, 1 Rev. James Parker supplied two years, and Rev. George Bills two years. The church was dis- banded Augult 23, 1850. ^ Methodist Society. — In the spring of 1818, a Methodist Society was organized in Whately. The principal men in the movement were James Cutter, Moses Hill and Joel Wait, 3d. Moses Hill was elected clerk of the society, and John Breed, public teacher. A certificate dated April 20, 1818, reciting the above facts, was filed with the town clerk. No other mention of the organization appears on our records. Unitarian Society. — The first meeting held' by the Uni- tarians of Whately was on April 23, 1865. The services were conducted by Rev. J. F. Moors, of Greenfield. |«>Re v. E. B. Fairchild commenced preaching regularly, July 9, 1865. Jan- uary 9, 1866, a constitution and by-laws were adopted ; and on the 17th the following officers were chosen : — Clerk, David D. Wells ; Treasurer-, Dennis Dickinson ; Assessois, James Scott, • Myron B^wn, Alonzo Crafts ; Collector, Asa Dickinson. The meeting-house was built in the summer of 1866, and dedicated January 17, 1867. Mr. Fairchild labored about three years. Rev. George H. Eldridge preached nearly two ye.ars. Rev. Leonard W. Brigham, of Rutland, Vermont, is now preaching as stated supply. The name of the society is, " The Unitarian Congreggjional Society of Whately." CHAPTER IX. WHATELT EOADS. The system of highways originally adopted by Hatfield, and partially carried out before the incorporation of this town, hae been already mentioned. The idea was, to give every land owner ready access to his several lots : the system was, roade running ■ north and south through the town, crossed at right angles by east and west roads, extending from the meadows to the town limits. This could be easily effected, because the system was devised before the Commons were divided. The Straits road, was the Indian trail, and practically divided the River |||eadows from the Upland Commons. The Chestnut Plain road was a space of ten rods wide, left between the two main divisions of Commons. The east and west roads were reserved lots in the Commons. The only cross roads within Whately limits, laid out by Hatfield, were the " Christian Lane," between Lots No. 36 and 37 in the Second Division, *aud " Mt. Esther roM," between Lots No. 26 and 27 in the Fourth Division. These two roads, as laid out in 1716, were co-incir dent at the Chestnut Plain crossing, and taken together extended from the west line of the Bradstreet Farm, to " the end of the six miles from the great River." The course was not quite a straight line, as the Mt. Esther road, from Chestnut|j||ain, bore due east and west. All the roads laid by Hatfield were ten rods wide. . It seems to have been the original indention to lay the north and south through-roads at about half a mile distant from each other ; and it was pretty well understood where the line of a road would be. This is shown by the location of the earliest houses. Capt. Lucius AUis, Lieut. Elisha Frary, Edward Brown, Simeon (120) 121 • Morton, and other settlers knew where to build ; and a road was eure, in due time, to come to them. The road north and south over Spruce hill and Chestnut mountain to Hatfield line, was laid out by Whately in 1772 ; and the same year the town voted, " That Samuel Dickinson have liberty to make bars or gates near the southerly end of this jtk road for his convenience." These gates were ordered to be removed, and the road made an open highway in 1783. The road from Conway line over Poplar hill by the . Baptiste meeting-house, and so on over Hog mountain to the south line of the town, was laid out 1773, and was early accepted as a county road. A road from Conway line to the south line of Whately, west of the Poplar hill road was laid out in 1774. Probably the following has reference to this road : — 1785, "Voted, To open and clear the road riinSng southerly fronH* Simeon Morton's by Paul Smith's to Williamsburg line." A road was laid in 1778 from Conway line southerly to the highway south of Elisha Frary, and from the above highway bCTween said Frary's house and barn, south-easterly. Probably this was a designated line of a through road ; but its history is obscure. It seems to have been continued to West Brook, and along the north bank of said brook to meet the Stony hill road; and the road running south-westerly, by the south-west Bchool-house, was probably a branch or continuation of it in that direction. The line of the Claverack road, (probably so named by the soldiers who returned from an expedition to Claverack, N. Y. , in 1779, — perhaps from a real or fancied resemblance to that place,) seems to have been established by tradition, and worked as houses were built. The following votes probably refer to this line : — 1777, a committee was chosen to view a road from the Egypt road north to the Deerfield line, and survey the same. 1780, a road three rods wide was laid from Eleazer Frary's. to Hatfield line, " beginning half a mile east of Chestnut Plain street, to lands reserved by the proprietors of Hatfield for a road at the east end of Mill Swamp." 1779, Voted, "To lay a road to the dwelling house of Ebenezer Bardwell, Jr." It is likely that the whole line was originally known as the "Island road," • 122 and that it was actually opened from Christian lane south. 1780. The River road was laid by piece-meaL The Hatfield autho: ties located and opened it from Deerfield line to E; T. Mortoi corner in 1756. A close road, two rods wide, from Josh . Beldin's to Nathaniel Coleman's, between said Beldin's farm ai Hopewell, was laid in 1778 ; this was made an open road 1785, and was extended from Mr. Beldin's house to his saw m in 1803. A close road was laid from Joshua Beldin's saw ra to Canterbury in 1806. This completes the list of north and south through road Some of them remain as at first located ; others have bei altered. The Claverack road from above the Lane north, n easterly of its present location, veering round the swamp. Tl ij^hestnut Plain sti#et at first run west of the cemetery, ai curved eastwardly by the great elm, and thence directly nor down the hill. Gutter bridge was built about 1^73. 0th minor roads running northerly and southerly were from time.! time laid, to accomodate individual interests. * To "lay out " a road, and to "accept" a road, as the terr were then used, probably fail to convey a true idea to us no^ A vote to that eflTect did not show that a highway was put complete order, and well graded ; but it meant that a way w marked out, and was vciSide passable or possible. Sometimes only meant that if a person traveled the designated route, 1 should not be liable for damages for crossing his neighbor's lane and that if he got mired, the surveyor was bound to help him oi without charge. In 1771 the town granted £16 for repairii highways, and allowed 2s. 6d. per day for highway work, whi( would give only 128 days' work, for all the roads. The plan of East and West roads, as actually laid out, very complicated, and the record very confused. Exceptir Christian Lane, and the Mt. Esther road from Sprucehill wee ward, scarcely one remains to-day as originally established. Ai the line of many of the early cross roads would be wholly uninte ligible to the present generation. A " close " road was oft( laid to accomodate a single individual. The roadg leading, fro Chestnut Plain street to Belding's mills, were laid, and re-lai and altered and discontinued, as new interests sprung up. Ai 123 the same is true of the roads in the south-west and north-west parts of the town. Convenience for the tim^being, was — per- haps unavoidably — the rule of location and discontinuance. In 1772 the town voted that both the westerly and easterly (i. e. from Chestnut Plain as a base line) cross roads be laid out three rods wide. And where not otherwise specified, this is believed to be the uniform width. The road from Chestnut Plain near the old meeting-house, south-easterly through "Egypt " to Hatfield, does not appear to have been accepted as a highway by either Hatfield or Whately, though it was the convenient and the traveled way, from the earliest settlement of the territory. Christian Lane, and the road over Mount Esther, as already stated, were reserved lots, ten rods wide, and were in a continu- ous line. The Lane was a " bridle path " in 1756, and a rough log " causeway " in 1761, and Mill river was then crossed by a fotdway. In 1773 the town voted to build a foot bridge over the Mill river Swamp, near the house of Dea. Simeon Wait (the J. C. Loomis place). Originally the Lane extended only to the Straits. The road from Bartlett's corner to Canterbury, north of the cemetery, was laid in 1820. From Chestnut Plain westerly, the road as first traveled, fol- lowed nearly the line of the reserved lot, varying only to escape " the Gutter," and to get an easier ascent up the hill. That part " from the foot of Mt. Esther through land of Ensign Elisha Allis to Abraham Turner's barn on Poplar hill " was laid out in 1773. From the foot of Mt. Esther to the Chestnut Plain street, the location has been several times changed. In 1786 the town voted to establish the alterations in the highway from Whately meeting-house to Conway — beginning four rods south of the brook, and running through the north-east part of Jonathan Al- lis's land, on the old road, etc., and to the old road near the foot of the hill near Dea. Samuel Wells's house in Conway. In 1801, record is made of a new location from Chestnut Plain road on Levi Morton's north line to the old road near the Pound. West Lane, as it now runs was laid out in 1819. Probably the Hatfield authorities had no thought of a new town when they marked off the Commons, and reserved the lots for highways. But the intersection of those reserved highway 124 lots determined where the central village of the new town shou! be. And this line from Bartlett's corner to Poplar Hill was tl natural location for a road. Great Swamp could not be f readily crossed at any other point ; and the ascent of the hil was most feasible here. This was the earliest opened of any ( the cross roads, and was the most important, as it furnished convenient way for the Canterbury and Straits people, on tl one hand, and the West street families on the other, to get' 1 meeting on the Sabbath, and to town meeting. After ready access to the meeting-house had been obtaine( the next important care was to secure a convenient way to mil Taylor's mills, which best accommodated many families, wei over the line in Deerfield; and consequently the road up India hill is not noticed on our Records. Belding's mills at Wei Brook were accessible from the Straits by means of the road o the Hatfield side of the line running west, near where the prei ent road runs, and so across West Brook bridge. There aj pears to have been a way to these mills, from Chestnut Plai street, northerly of the J. B. Morton place, before 1768. . committee was appointed in 1772, to view a road tb the mills and another committee for the same purpose in 1776. Whi they severally recommended is not known. In 1777 a cloi road three rods wide was laid from Spruce hill road, at Natha Wait's corner, over Stony hill to the mills, and thence to Chesi nut Plain street. This was made an open road in 1779. Th part from the mills eastward was discontinued, and a road lai from West Brook bridge to the mills in 1788. The Stony hi road was discontinued in 1830, and one opened from the foot < Chestnut mountain down the valley. Roads for general convenience were established early. I 1776 a committee was appointed to view a road from Poplf hill road, beginning seven rods north of West Brook bridge, an running south-westerly to Dry Hill ; and another committee \ view a road running north-westerly from Poplar hill roa( beginning at the north end of Noah Field's land, to Conwa line. This last was laid out the next year. In 1779 the tow voted, " That the road which leads from the Straits to Nathani Coleman's be an open road, with this restriction, that Ben Scott, Jr. shall keep a good gate at Deerfield road ; another c 125 Hopewell hill one month ; another the whole of the year at the Bouth side of hia land in Hopewell." Mention is made Jan. 8, 1778, of a road laid across land of Abial Bragg and Oliver Graves, In 1779, a, road was laid to Joseph Nash's, and the next year from Joseph Nash's to Conway line. In 1780, the road east of Ebenezer Scott's land was discontinued. In 1783 a road was laid ;from Asa Sanderson's westerly to Williamsburg line. In 1785 a close road three rods wide was laid out from the Eiver road, at a point eight rods north of Joshua Beldin's house to the Connecticut Eiver, and near the same time Mr. B. opened a ferry across the river. A way was also laid out this year from Poplar hill road by the Elijah Sanderson place to Moses Munson's mill. A road was laid out the same year, froin the road running west from John Smith's, northerly to Poplar hill road near Peter Train's house. Of the roads laid in comparatively modern times, one from Chestnut Plain to the Island, between lands of Capt. Henry Stiles and Lt. John White, was established in 1810. The highway from Dea. James Smith's mills down the valley by Capt. Seth Bardwell's, was laid out in 1824. The road from the foot of Spruce hill, south-westerly to the Hiram Smith place, was laid out in 1834. The road to South Deerfield from Gutter bridge, through Great Swamp was established in 1835 ; and the next year the way leading from the lane north, was re-located, and near the Swamp moved to the west. The foregoing is an imperfect sketch of the highways of Whately. Some roads were established and opened, of which no record can be found ; in some cases the town ordered the sur- vey and location of a road, and afterwards reconsidered its action ; but in the mean time the road had been actually opened to travel. Thus the Records fail to furnish data for a complete history of our private and public highways. These details may seem to be of trivial importance. But they were vital questions in their day. Individual and district pros- perity hinged on the establishment or refusal to locate a road ; on the adoption of this or that line ; and whether it was an open or a close way. And these details have in themselves a certain 126 historic value. There is always a reason for locating a road. The reason may lie at the beginning or the end of the line : it may be a personal, or it may be a public reason ; the reason may be apparent, or it may be concealed. And a careful study of the subject never fails to educe some valuable facts, illustrative of sectional and general interests ; illustrative of wise forethought, or foolish afterthought. The name of a road is expressive, like the name of a town, or the baptismal name of a person. The direction of a road indicates the course of settlement, or the opening of a new industry, or outlet of a trade. And the gen- eral history of its highways, is the history, in outline, of the rise, and progress, and decay, of the industrial pursuits of a town. CHAPTEK X. EDUCATION. As the early action of this town on matters pertaining to edu- cation had reference only to the town's own interests, and was influenced by the varying circumstances of local growth and pros- perity, this chapter is necessarily made up largely of votes and incidents, often apparently trivial. But these incidents and votes are worth preserving ; because while they reveal the senti- ments and plans of each succeeding generation, and the conflict- ing interests of different sections, they also show that the puhlic free school system is the one best adapted to our state of society, and best answers the demands of a growing people and a free government. Its flexibility is an advantage. Its voluntary character is an advantatge. Its dependence on an annual vote of the citizens is an advantage. Even the suspension of the schools for a year, in ease of great emergency, has its compensa- tions ; for then the father and mother are made to realize their personal responsibility for their children's welfare ; and are led to put forth efforts and make sacrifices which directly and indi- rectly promote true education, and which furnish an illustration of life's exigencies which benefits both parent and child. To know the world is as important as to know books. To acquire the habit of observing and thinking, and putting forth the energies to master difliculties, is as much a part of school duty as to recite lessons. The Puritan fathers had a broad and true conception of what education is ; and among the earliest Acts passed, was one requiring the selectmen of towns to see to it that parents and masters train up their children " in learning, and labor, and other employments which may be profitable to the commonwealth." For the learning, and habits of industry, (127) 128 and knowledge of some profitable employment, here enjoined, not only fitted the child to become a useful member of the state, but at the same time fitted him for individual excellence and hap- piness. The proper aim of school instruction, as of all instruc- tion to children, is to fit them for eflScient duty. There is need of knowledge, and need of culture ; need to learn the dangers of life, and how to shun them, as well as the best way to use its advantages. The child needs to get a true idea of his depen- dence on others for his happiness and influence, and to believe in and respect the rights of others, as well as to believe in his personal independence, and claim his own rights. He needs to have his wits sharpened early, if he is to be a successful competi- tor for position and power. Our public schools, where all classes mingle, and where courses of study are adapted to the various capacities, and where restraint and liberty are wisely adjusted, and where parents and teachers co-operate — as they do in every successful school — and home and school discipline supplement each other ; — our public schools, thus administered, furnish the best preparation for prac- tical life. Probably parochial, and patronage schools, and pri- vate tutors, would insure a higher standard of merely scientific attainment to particular classes in the community ; but the true education of the people is, beyond question, best promoted by our free school system. The first year, the town made no provision for schools. The season was well advanced before the new order of things got fairly established, and there were no school houses. In 1772, at the annual meeting in March, it was voted, " to raise £13 6s. 8c?; for schooling ; and that the selectmen lay out the money in jj Chestnut Plain, Straits, and Poplar hill streets, said school money being proportioned to each street agreeably to what they respectively paid in the last year's rate." The schools in each street, for this and several succeeding years, were kept at private houses. A frame of a school-house was put up this year in Chestnut Plain street, directly south of the meeting-house, but it was not finished. Probably it remained unfit for use for sev- eral years, as in 1774, the question came before the town to see if any conveniences should be made in the meeting-house for schooling. The- town voted in the negative — very wisely it 129 wodW appear, as the meeting-house was quite as unfinished as the school-house. The sum of £13 6s. 8t?. appears to have been raised for schooling during each of the next three years, and the money was divided and expended as in 1772. In 1775 a school committee was chosen, viz. : Benjamin Smith, Joseph Scott, J'oseph Belding, Jr., Thomas Crafts, Elisha Belding, Perez Bardwell, John Smith, Peter Train, Deacon Nathan Graves. * The pressure of the War now became severe ; and for several years no public money was raised for schooling, and it is not probable that any schools were maintained. An English School. — At a meeting, Dec. 1, 1777, the town " Voted, to accept the piece of land given by Reuben Bel- ding, deceased, for the use of schools in the town of Whately, upon conditions named in his will." In explanation of this vote, an extract from the will of Reuben Belding, of Hatfield, who died 1776, is here given. " Furthermore, I give and bequeath to the inhabitants of the town of Whately, in the County of Hampshire, for the sole use and benefit of an English School to be kept there, as hereafter mentioned, the estate, here- after described, (the sanie to remain unalienable by the said town,) viz. : that farm, or tract of land in said Whately, with the dwelling-house stand- ing thereon, in which Niles Coleman now l#ea, lying on the Island, so called, between the lands of Henry Stiles and Elislia Belding, and bounded west upon the Mill Biver, and extending thence east two hundred rods, and carrying the width of seventeen rods the length aforesaid: And I hereby appoint and impower the selectmen of the said town of AVhately for the time being forever hereafter to take the care and direction of the improve- ment of the said farm, and the issues and profits of the same, and the buildings thereon and appurtenances thereof to employ for the benefit of the said school. And this gift and bequest I make upon the following con- ditions and no otherwise, viz. ; That the said school be kept in that street in the said town called the Chestnut Plain street, near where the present meeting-house stands, and that the same be set up within two years from the time of my decease, and be not suffered at any time thereafter to cease or fail to be kept up and maintained for the term of six months in any future year : And in case such school as aforesaid shall not be set up at or near the said place in the said street, and within the time above limited, and be kept and maintained in manner as aforesaid, then it is my will that the said estate shall be and remain to my kinsmen hereafter named and their heirs." 130 The tract of land above specified was Lot No. 21, irwthe second division of Commons. It appears that the town failed to take the necessary steps to carry out the provisions of the will ; and consequently the bequest was forfeited.* In 1780, the town voted to build three school-houses ; and the next year voted to put ofiF building the same. But about this time a school-house sixteen feet square was built in the Straits, on the corner south-westerly from the Zebina Bartlett placej; another was built on Poplar Hill road, by private individuals ; and there is some evidence that one was built on Spruce Hill, which was used for a time by the dwellers on Chestnut Plain street. In 1782, Mary White, Jr., taught a school in Chestnut Plain street, but whether in a school house or private house, the record does not say. In 1784 the town raised £18, to be divided into three equal parts, £6 for eacli street, and Noah Bard well, Josiah Allia and Thomas Sanderson were appointed a committee' to lay it out. Zilpah Stiles was employed to teach in the Centre, nine- teen weeks. In 1785, £18 was granted, to be divided as in '&f, and a school-master was employed for ten weeks, beginnino' June 11.. The reasons for a summer term probably were, that the first school-houses had no fire places ; and it was inconven- ient for families to let their rooms during the cold season ; and the cost of fuel would sfflbtract too much from the scant funds at the disposal of parents and committees. Mr. Backus was school-master in 1787. Miss Stiles was again employed in '89. She appears to have been a very useful person in the new town, *The will of Reuben Belding was dated November 27, 1775; probated September 3, 1776. Mention is made of his sisters, Eunice, wife of James Porter of Hatfield ; Dorothy, wife of Elisha Billing of Hardwick ; Submit, wife of David Scott of Wtately ; Martha, wife of Warham Smith of Hadley. He also names his late wife's sisters, Mary, wife of Samuel May, Hannah, wife of Joseph Flowers, Susannah Pierce, all of Wethersfield ; niece, Mary, wife of Jona. Pierce of Hartford; cousins, Samuel Belding and Silas Por- ter of Hatfield. His inventory amounted to £2,486 4s. 6d. He owned grist and saw mills on West Brook — the Isaac Frary privilege — before 1770, afterwards owned by his cousin Samuel Belding. He owned real estate in Hatfield, Whately, Hatfield Equivalent, and Ashfield. He bequeathed to the inhabitants of New Township No. 7, (Hawley,) in the county of Hampshire, lot No. 115 in that township for thk' sole use and benefit of an English School to be kept there, etc. 131 teaching school as occasion required, and at other times doing the tailoring and dress-making of the families, till her marriage with Peter Clark. In 1789, the town voted "to appropriate the money raised for schooling to pay arrearages in Mr. Wells's salary." December 6, 1790, the town voted to provide five school- houses for the use of the town ; that the house now built in the East district, which is sixteen feet square, be sufiicient for that part of the town ; that the Chestnut Plain school-house be 20 X 16 feet; that the Spruce Hill district school-house be 20X16 'feet; that the Poplar Hill school-house be 15X18 feet, and that the town will give the proprietors of the house now in that street, the sum of £11 10s ; that the Grass Hill school-house be 14x18 feet. The Straits school-house stood, as already described. The one in the Centre was directly south of the meeting-house. The one on Spruce Hill was about forty rods south of Levi Morton's, now the Rufus Dickinson place. The house for the Poplar Hill district was built on land of Lt. Noah Bard well, about ten rods sOuth of the West burying ground, on the west side of the road. (The old step-stone may now be seen, on the spot.) In the same year £30 was appropriated for schooling, the money to be proportioned on the children in each district from eight to twenty- one years of age. The rule of apportioning the school money varied : in some years it was divided equally to each district ; sometimes, one-half on the scholar and one-half to a district. In 1827 the town voted to number the children on the first of May, from seven to twenty, and divide the money on the scholar. , After a school-house was built on Spruce Hill, Judith White sometimes kept there, and sometimes ml:lae Centre r''TJt^r'eaTfy- teachers were Eebecca Baker, Electa Allis. Thomas Clark, Mr. Osgood, John Parmenter, Benj. Mather, Thomas Sanderson, Jun. In 1785, Simeon Morton, Lieut. Noah Bardwell, Capt. Phin. Frary, John White, Joel Wait, 2d, were ehosen school com- mittee. In 1798, the town voted to reduce the npmber of school districts from five to four. 1799. Voted £50 to build a school-house in Chestnut Plain street, 30x24 feet. And as this was the first large and finished school-house in town, and was evidently looked upon as a model 132 house of the day, it may be well to give the specifioations : — Contracted with Benjamin Scott, for £42 17s, to build the new school-house, to be rough-boarded and clap-boarded, and shingled, and a chimney built, and a hearth laid, the house to be glazed and window shutters on the outside, and the outside door hung. As is often the case when men begin to be extravagant, the money first appropriated proved insufficient to fully carry out the idea, and later in the year a committee consisting of John White, William Mather and Solo. Adkins, was appointed, who sold the finishing of the, house to Luther White, the lowest bidder, for $67. This house stood on the east side of the 8tree% a little way south of the meeting-house. And now another per- plexity arose. The people living on the outskirts had consented to be taxed heavily for the large and comfortable Centre school- house, with a fire-place; and' now, as they thought, it would be no more than just that they should be allowed to use it as a " noon room " on the Sabbath, where they could warm them- selves and chat away the intermission. But the town voted Nay. Nor was this all. The dwellers on Spruce Hill became jealous, and in 1801 a vote was carried in town meeting " to move the school-house on Spruce Hill to the guide-board near Nathan Wait's, and add four feet to the length, and put it in as good repair as the school-house near the meeting-house." Previous to this last vote, however, and about the time when the new centre school-house was completed, having got three school-houses more comfortable than the rest, a vote was passed " to divide the town into three school districts, the lines to be, Mill River, between the East and Centre districts, and a line running north and south between Elijah AUis's and Daniel Al- lis's, and between Maj. Phin. Frary's and Eeuben Graves'sj — giving Joseph Crafts, Daniel AUis, and Eeuben Graves liberty to choose which district they shall belong to." This vote was not at once carried into full — even if it was into partial, eifect. In 1801, the towa voted to build a school-house in the north- west district, 26x22 feet, and finish it in imitation of the one in the Centre district, " only twenty lights in a window." The next year, the town voted to buy the old school-house near Josiah Brown's for a work-house. No new^ movements in relation to schools or school-houses 133 appear on the records for the next ten yeays. In 181,1 the school- house in the Straits was replaced, on the old spot, by a new one 18X24 feet, at a cost of, one hundred dollars. This house had two fire places,' one at each end of the room. The same yearj the middle district was divided, and two new school-houses built, each 20X24 feet; one where the north centre house now stands,, the other near Stiles's corner. And in 1813 school- houses were built in the south-west and north-west districts. As early as 1824 the families living in Canterbury moved to secure a new school-house for their accommodation ; but the town negatived the plan. And in 1827, the families living south of Sugar Loaf united and built by Subscription a house just on the north line of J. C. Sanderson's land, (near where the witch left his print in the ground when he jumped froni Sugar Loaf.) The next year the town voted to allow the Canterbury families their portion of the school money, and also to move the Straits school-house to the corner of the proprietor's highway. In 1829, the town voted that the inhabitants of the east district have liberty to build a house for a select school on the land owned by the town where the old school-house formerly stood. A special effort on behalf of the schools appears to -have been made this year, the result of which was the adoption by the town in 1830 of the following rules : — f Resolved, 1. That the boys have the privilege of attending «he schools in the summer, till they are ten years old, and the Winter school when they are seven y6ars old. Resolved, 2. That the girls have the privilege of attending the summer schools till they are thirteen years old, and the win- ter schools when they are ten years old. Resolved, 3. That the south-west district and the east 'district shall be permitted to send scholars to the several schools at an advanced ratio of age, provided that the pnTOential conimittee of the district and the superintending committee shall judge that the increase of scholars will not injure. the school. Resolved, 4. That one-third of the money which each district shall draw from the town, be apportioned for the benefit of the small scholars, and theHremainder for the large scholars in winter. 134 Voted, That the school money be divided, the one-half on district, and the other half on the scholar, the ensuing year. In 1832, it was voted to divide the town into three distr 'for the benefit of large scholars, to be called the East Secti the Middle Section, and the West Section. And the mi arrangements under this division appear to have been left to discretion of the school committee. In 1833, the Easfe dist was divided, and a school-house built south of the Elijah A place. The six districts, into which the town was then divid remain substantially unchanged to the present day. Select ok High School. — The question was several tii agitated of erecting a building near the meeting-house, fc school of higher grade. In 1829 the people of the east p made a move to get such a building there ; and the town so favored the plan as to give them leave to erect a school-house the town's land, at Bartlett's corner. In 1831, the mattei building a Town house came up, and the town voted to ri one hundred and fifty dollars, to be given by the town, toget with the town land lying near Justin Morton's barn, to the p prietors of a school-house, — provided they have a hall in e building suflSciently large to do all the town business in. j scheme did not succeed. In the winter of 1838, several citizens associated, and rail the requisite funds ; and the next season built a Select Sch House on West Lane. A school was kept here in the fall t winter of 1839-40, by Addison Ballard, of Framingham, tl a member of AVilliams College. ■ This school was maintained a single term, annually, with a good deal .of interest, for a ni ber of years. The building was sold and converted into a dv ling house, abou0854. In 1871 the Town Hall was raised up sufficiently for a sec( story, and enlarged by the addition of twelve feet to the leno The lower story is divided, and finished, for the uses of a Se School, a Town Library, and Town offices. CHAPTER XI. whatelt in the waes. the feench and indian war, 1754-1763 : the wae of the eeyoltjtion, 1775-1783 : THE shays' eebellion, 1786-7 : the wae of 1812-14 : the rebellion of 1861-65. Although the war of 1754 antedates the incorporation of the town, yet as permanent settlements had been made, and these families are identified with its social and civil life, and their indi- vidual acts illustrate its public history, there is an evident pro-\ priety that the War Records of the time should be included in J the annals of Whately. These earlier struggles against the encroachments of the French, were a preparation for the later Struggle for Colonial Independence. The private soldier received a training which fitted him for the post of command. And thus the discipline of the camp, and the smell of gunpowder were not new experiences to the Minute Men of '75. As will be seen, several of the men whose record is given, were at the time of their enlistment, inhabitants of other and distant towns ; some saw the lands on which they afterwards settled for the first time, when marching to and from the scene of warfare northward and' westward ; and some were then, and con- tinued to be citizens "of Deerfield, till the south part of that town, on which they were located, was annexed to Whately in 1810. The ages of these soldiers varied greatly ; and in some cases father and son were members of the same company. Ebenezer Bardwell, Sen., was fifty; Gaius Crafts was thirty; Joseph Sanderson, Jr., was eighteen. Some were out in a single cam- paign ; others took part in nearly every expedition during the seven years of active wai^re. Although the list may be incomplete, yet even this brief record will help do justice to the memory of many brave men, (135) 136. who gave the flower of their youth to their country ; and some whom, through the neglect or inability of the Government, fai to receive a proper return for their sacrifices of time, and mon( and health. The scope of this work does not include a history of the cau and progress of these wars ; it does not even include an extent account of any single campaign. Indeed, so far as the Frei war is concerned, our account will be confined to a bare rec( of the names of those who were at the time, or afterwards beca inhabitants of Whately ; and a list of the expeditions in wh each soldier served. 'Abraham Parker. In Capt. Israel Williams's Company, Augnstv 1' to March, 1755. Henry Stiles. In Capt. Ephraim Williams's Company at Fort Massac setts, Sept. 23, 1754. In Capt. Israel Williams's Company, Dec. 11, 1 to March 10, 1756. In Capt, John Burke's Company, expedition to Crt Point, March 29 to Dec. 80, 1756. Sergeant in Capt, Isaac Wyms Company, Dec. 26, 1756 to Jan. 26, 1757. Sergeant in Capt. John Burl Company, expedition to Fort William Henry, Feb. 12 to Nov. 4, 175i7. Kichard Carey. In Capt. Elijah Williams's Company, 1755. In Ci John Burke's Company, March 2 to April 1, 1757. Philip Smith. In Capt. Elijah Williams's Company, 1755. In Ci William Lyman's Company, Sept. 10 to Dec. 30, 1756. Simeon Graves. In Capt. E. Williams's Company, 1765. In Cs William Lyman's Company, Sept. 10 to Dec. 30, 1756. Joel Dickinson. In Capt. Lyman's Company at Lake George, 17 Sergeant in same Company, Sept. 10 to Dec. 30, 1756. Samuel Carley. In Capt. Benjamin Ballard's Company, March to C 1765; and Dec, 1765 to March, 1756. In Capt. Samuel Howe's C pany, 1756. In Capt. John Burke's Company, expedition to Fort Will Henry, Feb. to Nov., 1767. Robert Hazzard. In two expeditions against Crown Point,, 1756, Capt. Jona. Ball's Company, expedition to Canada, 1768. In expedi for reduction of Canada, 1760. Gains Crafts. In Capt. Moses Porter's Company, expedition to Cri Point, April 1 to Sept. 8, 1766. In expedition to Canada, campaign 1768 and 1759. In Capt. Elijah Smith's Company, expedition to Cr Point, April, 1759 to Jan., 1760. Perez Bardwell. Enlisted at 18 years old. In expedition to Cr Point, 1756. In Capt. John Burke's Company, March 2 to April 1, 1' In Capt. Salah Barnard's Company, 1767. In same Company, expedi to Canada, 1758 and 1769. Corporal in C^t. Barnard's Company, e: dition to Canada, Feb. to Dec, 1760; and in Capt. William Shepa Company, April,'1761 to Jan. 1762. 137 Paul Smith. In Capt. Moses Porter's Company, expedition to Crown Point, 1756. In expedition to Canada, 17.59. TDavid Graves. In Capt. Moses Porter's Company, expedition to Crown Point, 1756. Seth Wait. In Capt. Moses Porter's Company, expedition to Crown Point, 1756. In Capt. Elijah Smith's Company, expedition to Crown Point, April, 1759 to Jan. 1760. Ebenezer Bardwell. Lieutenant in Capt. Moses Porter's Company, expedition to Crown Point, 1756 ; also in Capt. Jona. Ball's Company, same year. In Capt. Salah Barnard's Company, expedition to Canada, 1757 and 1758. In Capt. John Burke's Company, engaged in bringing in deserters, from March 30 to Dec. 25, 1769. Ebenezer Bardwell, Jr. In Capt Salah Barnard's Company, expedition to Canada, 1757 and 1758. Reuben Dickinson. In Capt. Moses Porter's Company, expedition to Crown Point, April 1 to Sept. 8, 1756. Nathaniel Dickinson. In Capt. Porter's Company, expedition to Crotyn Point, 1756. In Capt. John Burke's Company, 1757. Joseph Belding. In Capt. Whitcomb's Company, 1756. Nathaniel Sartwell. In Capt. Whitcomb's Company, 1756. In Capt. John Burke's Company, 1757. Israel Scott. In Capt. Isaac Wyman's Company, Dec. 1756 to Jan. 1757. Israel Graves. In Capt. Israel Williams's Company, 1756. Salinm^W|hite Corporal in Capt. William Lyman's Company, 1756. Elisha Frary. Drummer in Capt. William Lyman's Company, 1756. Abner Dickinson. In Capt. William Lyman's Company, 1756. Joseph Byram. In Capt. John Burke's Company, 1757. Ensign in Col. Jona. Hoar's Regiment, 1761. Ensign in command o^ Invalid Company at Crown Point, Nov., 1761 to March, 1762. Julius Allis. In Capt. Salah Barnard's Company, 1757 ; also in same Company, expedition to Canada, 1758. Samuel Bardwell, brother of Perez. In Capt. Barnard's Company, 1757. In expedition to Canada, 1758 and 1759. Oliver Graves, and Nathan Graves. In Lieut. Billings's Company, marched for relief of Fort William Henry, 1757. Paul Belding. In Capt. John Burke's Company, expedition to Canada, 1759. Silas Smith. In Capt. Burke's Company, as above. Jeremiah Wait. In Capt. Salah Barnard's Company, expedition to Canada, 1760. y>WAn OF THE Eevolution, 1775-1783. — The letters of Thomas Whately and Governor Hutchinson, copied at length in a preceding chapter, have given intimation of an impending struggle between the Colonies and the Mother Country. The original charters of the American Colonies were under- 138 stood to guarantee to the people all the rights and liberties < Englishmen. One of the dearest of these rights was, itnmuniJ from taxation, 'except by their own consent, — i.e., by the representatives in Parliament. And as the Colpnists had n representation, they claimed that they were rightfully exemp And this exemption had not before been called in question.,. Fc near one hundred and fifty years this guarantied privilege ha not been disturbed. But after the close of the war with Franc in 1763, Great Britain found herself burdened alike with deb and with domestic taxes ; and, as a measure of relief, the mil istry devised the plan of raising a revenue by impost and otht duties, levied on articles of prime necessity to her America subjects. . These measures were resisted by the Colonies ; not so muc because the burden first imposed was oppressive, but because th right to raise a revenue in this way implied the right to lev more direct taxes : and thus made the internal management < American affairs subject to the will of Parliament. It was first move in a course which would undermine their liberties. ^Remonstrances, and petitions, and appeals to the King wer sent home, and had their effect. The first revenue laws wei repealed or modified, or allowed to remain ino,perative. ^But the repeal of the Stamp Act was accompanied with th passage of an Act, declaring " that Parliament has, and ( right ought to have, power to bind the Colonies in all case whatsoever." j^Other plans for taxing the Americans were adopted ; and nei ijKiuses of irritation sprung up, which developed and tested th temper of men on both sides. But what aroused most deep! the spirit of the Colonies was an address to the King, adopte by Parliament in February, 1769, requesting that orders migl be sent to the Governor of Massachusetts to transport to Englan for trial all who should be suspected of treason. This was a unexpected move, and was looked upon as hostile and vengeful Nothing could be more odious to a freeman, who had all his lif enjoyed equal* rights in his native land, than the idea of bein torn from his country and tried for his life by strangers^ he British view of this measure is presented in the letter c Mr. Whately. The American view of this and the measure 139 that immediately followed it, is set forth in well known declara- tions of the colonial legislatures, in the destruction of the tea in Boston harbor, and the War of the Revolution^' Massachusetts was the"Tii^%V'Wex!olonies to resist the arbi- trary Acts of Parliament ; and her Capital was singled out as the first to receive exemplary punishment. She led the way in devising ways and means of revolution ; and bore her full share in the sacrifices and sorrows of the contest. Although the people of the Connecticut valley were less directly afibcted by the restrictions on commerce, and the pres- ence of foreign troops, than the sea-board towns, yet the prin- ciples involved were felt by all to touch the vital issues of civil life and political liberty. And our people were quick to respond to the alarm of danger, and entered with the whole heart into the struggle for independence, ^rln the fall and winter of 1772-573, a plan was originated by the leading patriots' of this State, which had a most important bearing on the progress and ultimate success of the revolution, and the subsequent union of the Colonies. This plan was the appointment of a central Gommittee of Correspondence and Inquiry in Boston ; and like committees in every town in the Province. Similar committees were appointed by Virginia and other colonial assemblies. By this means the counsels and action of the entire people were brought into harmony, and efl&ciency and strength given to every movement. A circular, accompanied with a pamphlet, wherein " the rights of the colonists, and the infringements thereof, are set forth," was sent to the inhabitants of the several towns in the State. t A copy of this was received by the Whately authorities early in I,. 1773. A town meeting was immediately called, and a com- mittee of three, viz., — Edward Brown, Eiisha Frary, and Joseph Belding, Jr. , was chosen to answer the said letter. The committee drew up,- and forwarded (by vote of the town) the following reply : — " Sentlemen, — The proceedings of the town of Boston under the present exigencies, we esteem very laudable and worthy of a metropolis. We con- cur in general with your sentiments in stating the rights of the colonists and Province, and of the infringements of these rights. We hold fast loy-^ alty to our Sovereign ; yet we groan under our burden, but do not despair 140 of redress. If the importunity of a poor widow may move an unjust judge to avenge her, how much more may we hope for redress by frequent appli- cation to a gracious King. We shall at all times heartily join with you, in all legal and^constitutional measures, for the keeping of thuse inestimable privileges wrested from us, and firmly to secure those that remain. For we are sensible that, should we renounce our liberty and privileges, we should renounce the rights of man, the rights of humanity, and even our duty to God and man. We have no doubts but that the Parliament of Great Britain will hereby understand that 'tis not the discontentedness of a faction, but that the whole people are sensible of the burdens they labor under.'' ^^his letter is indicative of the general popular sentiment. The people were still strongly attached to their Sovereign, and had not given up hope of securing redress for their grievances ; but they vrere ready to stand by their leaders, and to defend their ancient rights and privileges. In this town, as in other places, the use of tea, and most West India goods, had almost entirely ceased. Foreign calicoes and woolens, which had largely taken the place of homespun, were now discarded. The spinning- wheels were restored to their place in the living-room ; thelooms were repaired ; and the younger girls became ambitious to learn all the mysteries of making and dyeing cloth ; and men and women alike returned to the wool and flaxen garments of their grand-parents. Great care was taken to increase the number of sheep. The acreage of flax sown was doubled. All projected public improvements were stayed ; and family expenses were cut down to the lowest point. Lawsuits were taken out of court and settled ; alienated neighbors became friends. 1774. This was a year of active preparation. The central committee of correspondence called for money to help the dis- tressed citizens of Boston, and further the plans of armament and organization. And at a town meeting in Whately, held July 21, it was voted, " To pay out of the town stock the sum sent for by the committee." Oliver Graves was chosen deputy to attend the Provincial! Congress to be holden at Concord the second Tuesday in Octo-I ber. [Elisha Frary was delegate to the Second Congress, held 1 at Cambridge, February 5, 1775; Noah Wells and Salfppji. I White went to the Third Congress, which met at the meeting- | house in Watertown the last of May, 1775.] 141 /iDuring this fall — 1774 — a company of minute men was organized. As was natural, the men who had been trained in the French and Indian War were looked to as best fitted to lead in this new struggle. Lieut. Ebenezer Bardwell, who had seen most military service, was now sixty-eight years old ; and Henry Stiles, now in the prime of life, and next him in military expe- rience, was selected to command the company. The best men of the town enlisted and took their place in the ranks. At a meeting in December the town voted, "To provide one hundred weight of powder, two hundred weight of lead, and two hundred flints, for the use of the town." 1775. Early in January a committee of correspondence was chosen, consisting of Oliver Graves, Benjamin Smith, Oliver Morton, Joshua Beldin, John Smith, Elisha Frary, Paul Smith. And at the same town meeting, it was voted, "To raise money for the minute men." " Voted, That the minute men be allowed 8d. for each half- day spent ; to the sergeants, 10c?. ; to the lieutenants, 12d." " Voted, That the minute men train four half-days between this and the first day of May next." The Lexington Alarm. — The Battle of Lexington was fought April ISth, and the news reached the valley late in the day of the 20th. The alarm was instantly sounded ; and the Whately company of minute men was ready to start early the next morning. They marched that day and the next forenoon forty miles, and receiving intelligence that the British had retreated, and that their service^ would not be required, they returned home the 23d. The roll of this company^found in the State Archives— fe as follows : — Henry Stiles, Capt. Simeon Wells. Noah Bardwell, Lieut. Ebenezer Dickinson. John Lamson, Sergt. Niles Coleman. John Brown, " Koswell Smith. Benj. Fish. Privates. r Joel Wait. Thomas Sanderson. Daniel Wells. Paul Belding. ^MiSft ^ liiiiyiiliif^i' Ebenezer Bardwell, Jr. E3 ward~Brw?n . John Wait David Ingraham. 142 This list, however, comprises less than half the Whately men that marched that day for the scene of strife. The Hatfield companies were made up largely of our townsmen ; and some of the-Deerfield compaiiy, though then living over the line, should be reckoned to our account. In Capt. Perez Graves's Hatfield company were, — Silas Smith, Serg't. Gideon Dickinson. Gaius Crafts. Jacqb Mxisher. John Smith. Benj. Smith. Jonathan Edson. Joel Wait. Elisha Smith. i This company marched to Ware — twenty-three ' miles — and returflbd with the Whately company. In Capt. Israel Chapin's company. Colonel John Fellows's regiment, that marched April 20, and was out seven days, were, — Perez Bardwell, Lieut. John Crafts. Nath'l Sartle, Sergt. Joseph Crafts. Joseph Belding, Jr., do. Noah Field. Abel Scott, Corp. Selah Graves. Fhineas Frary, Drum'r. . Joel Scott. Eleazar Frary, Fifer. Elijah Scott. Zenas Field. John Sanderson. Josiah Brown. Solomon Snow. David Morton. Elisha Smith. Abel Bacon. Elihu Wait. Simeon Morton. And two Whately men in this company, viz : — Gad Wait and Selaji Scott, were in service one month and twenty-four days. In Captain Jonas Locke's company of Deerfield minute men, were, — Oliver Shattuck, John Locke, Adonijah Taylor, Jonathan Spafibrd. The Captain, and a part of this company, were in service thirty-three days. Ebenezer Barnard was in Capt. N. Leonard's Sunderland company. • In Capt. Seth Murray's Hatfield company, Col. Woodbridge's regiment — that marched April 29, and was out till August 25— were the following Whately names : — Joel Dickinson, and his brother Reuben Dickinson (then of Conway), Caleb Seals, 143 (father of Caleb, Jr., of Whately,) Jonathan Edson, Elisha Wells, Jacob "Walker (then of Hatfield;. • This is an honorEjale record. The number of males in town, at this date, between sixteen and sixty was less than one hun- dred. And about forty of this one hundred volunteered to march at a minute's warning in defence of their chartered rights. And the fact diserves mention in this connection, that, from the beginning to the end of tlie war, Whately was never deficient in her quota of men. The act of the British troops in marching from Boston for the destruction of military stores, and the bloody encounters at Lex- ington and Concord, virtually extinguished hope of reconciliation, and severed the bond which bound the Colony to the King's authority. And it is a matter ot' interest to know how a people suddenly loosed from governmental restraints will conduct them- selves. The following paper will show what was the first action of our town's people : — " Whereas the Law of the Province, or the execution of it is ceased, and the constables have not had that power to collect the rates as heretofore : These are to let you know, as constables, that this town's Committee, chosen for that purpose, will and do protect you in the collection of those s rates that are now behind, in six weeks from this date, or the town treasurer shall have full power to distrain on said con- stables. "Signed, — David Graves, Philip Smith, Joseph Belding, Elisha Belding, John Crafts, Noah Wells, Oliver Graves, Benj. Smith, Elisha Frary, Josiah Allig^" "Whately, May f 4fA, 1775.'>''''''^ The Whately men who took part in the battle of Bunker Hill,! so far as can be ascertained, were, Elisha Wells, Jonathan Spafif ford, Jonathan Edson, Jonathan Edson, Jr. 1776. — Before it was known what had been the action of the Continental Congress, at a town meeting, July 6, 1776, it was voted, " That in, case the Contincntaf Congress shall declare the Colonies to be in an independent state from Great Britain, we will support the declaration with our lives and fortunes." Previous to this.i. e. on the 25th of June, an order had been issued for raising five thousand men for imoiediate service. The 144 troops from Hampshire County were destined to march to Can- ada. The quota reqoired of Whately was nine : the following men enlisted, viz. : Joseph Crafts, JEben'r Dickinson, Joel Morton,- Samuel G. Morton, Phineas Scott, Elijah Scott, Luther Scott, Philo Bacon, Asa Sanderson. These men received a bounty of £7 from the State ; and the town voted £54 " for their elicouragement." As soon as the news arrived at Boston that the united colonies had declared their independence, an order was issued (July 10) for the enlistment of every twenty-fifth man in the State, to re- inforce the northern army. The town records do not give the names of the men who answered to this call. But the following list contains the names of all the three years' enlisted and drafted men required to fill the town's quota from 1776 to 1779 inclu- sive :—Bernice Snow, Eben'r Bardwell, Jr., Solomon Snow^ Zeph. Snow, Oliver Train, Henry Jones, Joab Bragg, John Hawley,' Edward Brown, Abel Bacon, — all residents of Whate- ly ; Thomas Herendon, (Harrington,) Joab Belding, residence unknown ; * Bezaleel Phelps, of Worthington,; Samuel Black- man and Amos Fuller, of Partridgefield. Oliver Morton, and others (names not given) went on an expedition to Ticonderoga, sometime during this year. The muster roll of Capt. Oliver Lyman's company in service at Dorchester, Nov. 27, 1776 to Mar. 1777, contains the names of Adna Smith, William Brown, Benjamin Parker. In the same company, from Dec. 1, 1776 to- Feb. 28, 1777, were Phineas Smith, Bezaleel Smith, Abraham Parker. Matthew Graves, James Sanderson, Aaron Pratt, Elig'ha Smith, Julius Frary, fifer, (then of Ashfield), were in garrison at Ticondei-oga, under Capt. Benjamin Phillips, from Dec. 23, 1776 to Feb. 24, 1777^ Military stores were scarce ; apd the several towns were called upon to furnish their quota of blankets, shirts and stockings, as well as beef and bread. In one of the first calls for four thou— ■_ ; '♦ ■ ' - ■ • * Harrington and Belding enlisted Feb. 28, 1777; were assigned to Capt. Samuel Flowers's company, second battalion of Massachusetts Bay Forces, Col. John Greaton's regiment. The company was mustered at Albany, Nov. 10, 1777 ; stationed at Greenbush, 1778 ; at White Plains, Feb. 1779. Belding was corporal, 1778. \ 145 sand blankets, the number required of Whately was seven. The method of collecting these was, for a committee to go to a house, and after inquiry and examination decide whether the family ought to furnish one, two; or three blankets, make the demand, and pay a specified sum in the paper money of the day. Some- times blankets were taken directly from the beds in use. Beef was collected by orders upon the town authorities, and was often delivered upon the hoof. 1777.^Early this year the General Court passed "an Act to prevent monopoly and oppression," in which the selectmen and committee of safety of the several towns were directed to set a price upon all the articles usually bought and sold, and also upon labor. — " A list of several articles, with their prices, as delivered to the town clerk of. Whately, Mar. 3, 1777, by the selectmen and committee of safety, by order of the Court, to wit : good merchantable wheat, 6s. per bu. ; rye, 4s. ; Indian corn, 2s. 8d. ; barley, 4s. ; beans, 6s. ; peas, 6s. ; potatoes. Is. id. ; oats. Is. 8d. ; sheeps' wool, 2s. per lb. ; flax, lOd. ; salt pork, 8d. ; fresh pork, Ad. ; beef, first quality, 3id. ; butter, 8d. ; cheese, 6c?. ; men's yarn stockings at 6s. ; men's common shoes, 8s. ; women's shoes, 6s. Gd. ; cider barrels, sap staves, 3s. Gd. ; common dinners, 9c?. ; horse-keeping per night, lO^d. ; New England flip, 9d. per mug ; shoeing horse all round, in the best manner, 6s. ; raw hides, 3d. per lb. ; raw calf skins, 6d. ; tanned leather. Is. Bd. ; making shoes, common sorts, 3s. per pair ; tow cloth yd. wide, 2s. Bd. per yd. ; striped flannel yd. wide, 3s. 6d. ; cotton and linen cloth, 3s. 6d. ; weaving tow cloth, 5d. Bf. per yd. ; a yoke of oxen per day, Is. 4rf. ; riding horse per mile, Id. \ cart or other carriage per mile, 2c?. ; 2 qts. of oats, ^d. If. \ pasturing a horse per week. Is. 10c?. ; do. a yoke of oxen, 2s. 2c?. ; common summer labor, 2s. 8d. per day ; winter labor, 2s. per day ; men's board per week, 5s. 4tZ. ; English hay per hund. 2s. 2c?. ; and all other things not men- tioned, according to the common usage and custom of the town." April 23, an order was issued for raising two battalions of seven hundred and fifty men each, from Hampshire County, for I two months' service at Ticonderoga. A company of fifty-seven I men, under Capt. Salmon White, Col. David Wells's regiment, lib- was out from May 10, to July 10. company appear to have been The Whately men in th Elisha Smith. Abijah Brown. Samuel Coleman. Zenas Field. Joel Morton. Elijah Scott. Perez Well8. Moses Crafts. Fhilo Bacon. Richard Carey. John Lamson. Samuel G. Morton. Joseph Scott. Simeon Wells. Reuben Crafts. Jehu Dickinson. Jacob Allen Faxon. Benj. Parker. Abel Scott. David Stockbridge was corp'I in Capt. John Thompson's ooni pany with the Northern Army, from May 7, to July 8.. In Capt. Seth Murray's company, expedition to Fort Edwar , and Moses Creek, July 9, to Aug. 12, were, Thomas Sanderson, Lieut. Noah Bardwell, Lieut. John Wait, Sergeant. Elisha Wells. Elihu Wait. Simeon Morton. Reuben Graves. Paul Belding. John Graves. Abraham Turner. Joel Wait. Seth Frary David Morton. Josiah Brown. Graves Crafts. Selah Scott. Daniel Morton Jona. Edson. Lemuel Wells. Noah Field, Sergeant, Phineas Smith, Corporal. Levi Morton, private. Jacob Walker. Elijah Smith. Selah Graves. Roswell Smith. Eben'r Seott. Paul Belding, Jr. David Ingraham. At this time Gen. Burgoyne, in command of the British forces was on his victorious march from the Canadian frontier. Ticon deroga was invested July 1, and abandoned- by Gen. Sf Clair on the 5th ; and Gen. Schuyler, then in command of th northern army, was slowly retreating on Saratoga and the mout of the Mohawk. Gen. Horatio Gates was appointed Aug. 4, t succeed Gen. Schuyler ; and immediately issued a call for re-ir forcements. The march of Col. Baum on Bennington hastened the alarm, and the whole country, though in the midst of earl harvest, turned out. The defeat of Baum by Gen. Stark, Aug 16, will account for the short campaign made by the companies next to be mentioned, y/TVLuster Eoll of Capt. Salmon White's company of militia, tha anarched at the request of Gen. H. Gates, Aug. 17, and wer 147 discharged by orders, Aug. 19, 1777. All but thirteen were Whately men. Salmon White, Captain. Elihu White, Lieut. Abraham Billings, Serg't. Jonathan Porter, " Silas Graves. Moses Warner. Daniel White. Elisha Wells. Edward Brown. Ezra Turner. Israel Graves. Joseph Crafts. Abner Dickinson. Gad Smith; Joseph Scott. Nath'l Coleman. Asa Sanderson. Lemuel Wells, Serg't. John Crafts, " Learious Graves, fifer. Samuel Allen, private. Elijah Nash. Medad Field. David Wait. ■ Joseph Kellogg. Levi Handy. Adna Smith. Reuben Crafts. Joel Morton. Salmon White, Jr. Gad Scott. Benj. Smith. Eben'r Bardwell. Benj. Parker.. John Partridge. Jesse Robbins. Elisha Frary. John Brown. Abijah Brown. Nathan Graves. Oliver Graves. Samuel G. Morton. Eleazer Frary. Elijah Scott. Joshua Beldin. Philip Smith. Russell Allis. In Capt. Russell Kellogg's company, out from Aug. 17 to 19, on the Bennington Alarm, were Richard Carey. John Wait. Amasa Graves. In Capt. Abel Dinsmore's company, out Aug. 17 to 19, were James Sanderson. Simeon Graves, Caleb Beals. Matthew Graves. Reuben Dickinson. John Sanderson. Some of the Whately men that went out at this time contin- ued in service through the campaign, till after the surrender of Burgoyne, Oct. 17. Paul Gibbs was in service in Capt. Dins- more's company from Aug. 17, to Nov. 29. Moses Crafts, Phineas Scott, and Simeon Wells, were with the northern army in Capt. John Kirkland's company, Aug. 16, to Nov. 29. ^^/TSluster Roll of Capt. Salmon White's company of Massachii- j j f setts Bay Militia, Col. Ezra May's regiment in an expedition to 1 1 'ij Saratoga, Sept. 20, to Oct. 14, 1777. Salmon White, Captain. Thomas Sanderson, Lieut. Noah Bardwell, " Lemuel Wells, Serg't. John Crafts, " Eleazer Frary, Serg't. Martin Graves, " Eben'r Bardwell, corp'l. Elijah Scott, Elisha Wells, " 148 Josepb Kellogg. Eben'r Dickinson. Gad Smith. Joshua Beldiu. Adna Smith. Phin. Smith. Philo Bacon. Nathan Graves, Jr. Reuben Graffs. Russell AUis. Gad Scott. Abijah Brown. John Smith. Jona. Smith. Levi Handy. David Ingraham. Oliver Graves. Elisha Smith. Asa Sanderson. Nathan Graves. Benj. Bacon. Sam'l G. Morton. Ezra Turner, Joel Wait.' The above all appear to be of Whately. In Capt. Seth Murray's company, expedition to Saratoga, Sept. 20, to Oct. 14, were, David Morton, Zenas Field, Seth Frary. In Capt. Thomas French's company, expedition to Sara-i- toga, Sept. 23, to Oct. 18, were, James Sanderson, Elisha Smith, Caleb Beals, John Sanderson, Lucius AUis, Julius AUis,', Simeon Graves, Timothy Shattuck, Abel Allis. Other Whately men in the army at the surrender of Burgoyne, were, William Brown, Abraham Parker, Ebenezer Bardwell, Jr., Stepheh Keyes, (then of Charlemont.) 1778. January 8, the town voted to raise £90 for four men to engage in the service of the United States. The names are included in the list of three years' men already published. An order of the General. Court was issued April 20, for a levy of nine months' men to complete the "fifteen battalions required of - Massachusetts. Under this call, Whately is credited with the following men : — Nathaniel Dickinson and Jonathan Edson, service not designated ; Abel Scott, sergeant, and Samuel Car- ley, corporal, in Capt. Abner Pomeroy's company, Col. Ezra Wood's regiment. Nathaniel Sartle was lieutenant in Captain Joseph Storrow's company, same regiment. This regiment had headquarters at Peekskill, N. Y., October to February. One return is dated " Soldier's Fortune," N. Y. Philo Bacon was in Capt. Woodbridge's company of new levies, for service in Bhode Island after June 8. Benjamin Parker, Isaac Sanderson, David Ingraham, Seth Wright, served in a detachment from General Danielson's brigade, under General Stark, from July 1, to Oct. 31, 1778. 1779. During this year no less than six levies of men were ordered by the General Court. The term of enlistment in most, 149 cases was nine months. The fine for refusing to go when drafted was from £45 to £50. The pay of, a soldier was £16 per month, in addition to the regular continental pay, with allowance of $ 6 for blanket and 6d. per mile travel. . In the requisition for two thousand men to co-operate with the French allies, a bounty of £30, and 2s. mileage, were allowed, — the bounty to be paid by the town. This town voted, " To allow three men, that will engage nine months in the continental army, 40s. per month, — equal to wheat at 4s. per bushel, — with addition of the bounty and mileage allowed by the Court." The men who enlisted were Samuel G. Morton, Gardner Marcy, aged seven- teen, Simeon Wells. At the same time Joseph Scott enliste-d in the Hatfield quota, and Abijah Harding and Allen Faxon in that of Deerfield. In Capt. Joseph Cook's company, in service at New London, from July 20, to August 27, were, — Abel Scott, Sergt. Asa Sanderson, Corp. Jona. Edson. Fhilo Bacon. Selah Graves. Bczaleel Smith. Isaiah Bro\yn. Perez Wells. Consider Wait. Elisha Frary. Seth Frary. Dr. Perez Chapin was surgeon's mate in Col. Elisha Porter's regiment, at New London, from July 19, to August 27. Jona. SpafFord was in the same service to August 31. Aaron Pratt, and Eufus Smith, were in the same service, in Capt. Abel Dins- more's company, to August 31'. Oct. 19. The town voted, " To raise two thousand four hun- dred pounds for soldiers gone and going into the army." yi^he condition of public affairs at the close of this and the lopening of the next year was gloomy and disheartening. The Iseason's campaign was remarkable maiuly for the feebleness of the American efforts and the indecision of the British. The latter did little in this vicinity but plunder, and ravage, and burn the defenceless towns on the sea coast. Rhode Island remained in the hands of the enemy, and^ since the failure of the French fleet, no efftfrt had been made to get possession. Draft followed draft in rapid succession. The soldiers received their bounties in State bills and town notes, and their pay in continental money, which, at the end of their term of service, would hardly meet the 150 expenses of their outfit. If the father enlisted ^ his family suffer, or depend on t|je town's charity ; if the son en] his wages would hardly suffice to pay the State taxes/ Perhaps the burden , that weighed heaviest just now i: community was the depreciation; of the currency, and the i tainty and distress which- it occasioned. The first emiss bills of credit by Congress was made in June, 1775 ; the ar first authorized was. two millions of dollars. At the expii of eighteen months- twenty millions had been issued.. Anc the close of 1779, near two hundred millions were in lation. As. their redemption depended on the ultimate resi the war, these bills began to depreciate at an early period, the end of '77, the depreciation was two or three for one ; ii it was six for one; in '79, twenty-eight for one; in '80, for one. An_ extract from Mr. Wells's account book, and votes copied from the records, will best give an idea of tht dition of things in this town. 1779. Whately Town Treasurer, To Rufus Wells, Dr. To one year's salary, from March y' 1st, 1779, to March y» 1st, in hard money, . . . . . . . £ 71 To providing my fire wood, ..... 6 : -£7 This ye3,r the. town voted me sixteen-fold in continental money, when I received it, was depreciated seventy-five for one. Balanced, and settled by a note from y° town for the depreciat: the paper currency. To one year's salary, from March y" 1st, 1780 to March y" 1st, in hard money, . £ 73 To providing my fire wood, ..... 6 — £7 For this year's salary and fire wood y* town voted me the noraina in State emission, which, when. I received it; wiis depreciated six fc in part, and three for one in part. Balanced, and settled by a note from y" town for the deprecial the paper currency. 1780, Jan. 6. The town chose a committee to settle the men that went in the service to New London, and thos( went to Claverack. May 11. Voted, To give notes on interest to those so to whom the town is indebted. 151 Voted, To raise a bounty of three hundred and thirty pounds to be paid to each soldier that shall engsege in the army ; also to give each soldier three pounds per month in' silver or gold, to be paid at the expiration of his term of service of six months. Benjamin Scott, Jr. , offered to get seven hundred dollars to give gratis to seven soldiers that should enlist. j^uly 3. Voted, To make the two continental men that will ^nlist in the army equal to the seven before, raised, which is, eleven hundred dollars bounty, and three pounds per month, in silver money. The seven men who enlisted, as above, were ; Abel Scott, aged 29 ; Oliver Graves, 19 ; Graves Crafts, 20 ;* Philo Bacon, 22 ; Salmon White, Jr., 19 ; Amasa Edson, 16 ; Abijah Brown, 28. The two were William Giles, aged 18, Stephen Orcutt.- July 3, Voted, To give five hundred and fifty dollars in hand, and three pounds per month, in gold or silver, to soldiers that will enlist for three months. Paul Harvey, aged 18 ; Bezaleel Smith, 19 ; Elijah Smith, 18 ; enlisted on these terms, and served three months at West Point. August. An order was passed by the General Court, author- izing the selectmen of towns to purchase blankets and clothing for the soldiers then in the field ; and the town voted to procure the needed supply. In response to another order of the Court, the town voted to raise three thousand six hundred pounds to provide beef for the use of the army. Committee to purchase the beef: Lieut. Elisha Frary, Capt. Salmon White, Dr. Perez Chapin. Sept. 14. Voted "to raise one hundred and seventy-seven pounds in silver money, to pay the soldiers that the town is ■indebted to, for service done or doing in the army." To whom this vote applies is not known ; but the following Whately men, in addition to those already named, were in the service during this year : Reuben Crafts and Reuben Graves, in Capt. Eben'r Sheldon's company, from July 23, to Oct. 10; John Walls or Wallis, aged 17 ; Samuel Mclntire, 17 ; and Moses Crafts, (all credited to Whately,) detached for three months' service, from ■Col. Israel Chapin's regiment ; John Brown and Jona. Bacon, * He Tvas one of the detail that stood sentry over Maj. Andre the night before he was hung. 152 in Capt. Adams Bailey's company, from Jan. 1, 1780 j to Jan. 19, '81. Henry Green enlisted, but who he was, and whether he was mustered in, does not appear. 1781. In response to the requisition of the General Court, for four men to enlist in the continental army for three years, the town paid two hundred and ninety-three pounds ' seven shil- lings, iri silver, bounty money, *s follows : — April, to Jonathan Bacon, sixty pounds. May^ 6, to Bernice Snow, eighty-one pounds seven shillings., June 14, to Stephen Keyes, sixty pounds. ,, June 14, to Gerrish Keyes, sixty pounds. In answer to another requisition, the town voted to raise £6 in silkier money to purchase horses for the army. Sergt. Abel Scott was in service this year from July 6, to Dec. 14. Elisha Belding was a member of Capt. John Carpenter's com- pany of .guards, stationed at Springfield, and was detached for field duty from May 1, to Sept. 30. In a company of militia, under command of Lieut. -Col. Bar- nabas Sears', in service from July 17, to Nov. 8, were Oliver Shattuck, Captain ; Abial Harding, Sergeant ; Abel Bacon and Abraham Parker, privates. The surrender of Cornwallis, October 19, virtually closed the war. j^ome Revolutionary soldiers afterwards settled in Whately. L4.mong them was Josiah Gilbert, who enlisted from Murrayfield, now Chester, at the age of 18, in Capt. Jos. McNiell's company, for Service in Rhode Island ; was also in Capt. William Scott's company, of six months men, from July 22, 1780. Dr. Francis Harwood . then of Windsor, Mass., went out first in his father's company, probably at the age of 14. He enlisted in Capt. Hezekiah Green's company for service at Saratoga, in 1781. [His father, Capt. Nathan Harwood, was born in Ux- bridge, 1737 ; enlisted for service in the French war, 1756 ; was Lieutenant in Capt. William W^ard's company, 1777 ; Captain, in command of a company that marched from Windsor to Man- chester, Vt., and was out from July 19 to 31, 1777; was at Saratoga at the surrender of Burgoyne.] 153 Joseph Barnard is credited with' service at " the castle," Bos- ton harbor, from April 1, to June 30, 1783. y^When the colonies threw off the yoke of British rule, they wound themselves without an acknowledged central government ; [and in the emergency, the leading spirits organized themselves linto a " Committee of Safety," and called upon the towns throughout the Province to elect corresponding local committees. This measure was pi'bmpted by necessity, and proved a wise expedient. These committees were composed of the best and most patriotic citizens. But the responsibility was new ; and neither its advantages nor dangers were fully comprehended ; and" it is not strange that having been entrusted with power, they found it easy to magnify their office, and hard to persuade themselves that they could err on the side of patriotism and per- sonal liberty. The same spirit of devotion to the country's wel- fare, which prompted the order to the constables by our town's coninlittee, dated May 4, 1775, (already quoted,) also prompted other similar measures equally significant, and vital in their char- acter. And so after the failure of the expedition against Canada in '76, the committees of safety of thirty-eight towns in Hamp- ; shire County met in convention at Northampton, Feb. 5, 1777, " for the purpose of taking into consideration the suffering con- dition of the Northern Army." Among other things, the con- vention advised the committee of supplies, to forward at once whatever was necessary for the comfort of the army, " not doubt- ing that the General Court will approve thereof." It commended the action of the Legislature in setting up courts of the geitieral sessions of the Peace in the country ; recommended to all inn- holders that they refuse to entertain- persons traveling unnecessa- rily on the Sabbath ; and set forth a plan for securing uniform- ity of prices. In a petition to the General Court, the conduct of " inimical persons " in the country is severely censured, — in that they sympathize with the British, cast reflections on the honorable Court, pay no regard to the committees of safety, use their utmost endeavors to destroy the currency of our paper money, and to prevent the raising of new levies of men. The doings of this Convention are thus set forth in detail for the purpose of showing how wide a range of subjects it acted 154 upon, and the authority it claimed for the general and local committees of safety. The record is important also, as fore- shadowing the part which conventions of these committees, and other delegate conventions copied from them, were to play in succeeding years. These committees of safety- became, a power in the State, whose authority in local matters was sometimes greater than that of the Legislature, and their action was recog- nized as binding by the courts. The reference above made to " inimical persons " in the county deserves notice in this connection. At the time the war broke out, all military , and civil officers held commissions granted in the name of the King. This official relation, added to the attachment which had always been cherished for "the mother country, was a strong bond, especially to men who were by nature conservative. The men of good estate plainly foresaw that, in any event, their pecuniary interests must suffer from the war ; and human nature is always sensitive und^r such a prospect. * j# Men differ in methods of reasoning and in judgment as much ^as in character. One consults the Past for his guide ; another looks at the. signs of the Present; and another, of sanguine temperament, watches the promise of the Future, and rushes to meet it. Under the circumstances which existed in 1775, entire unanimity of thought and action on the part of the American people, would have been an anomaly in the world's history.. Actuated by the usual variety of motives it is not strange that there were persons in almost every town who,, from personal interest, or through regard to the established government, or fear of the failure of the attempt of the Colonies for indepen- dence, stood aloof, or entered with faint hearts into the struggle. It is not strange that there were some who were ready to sell themselves to the highest bidder, or who waited for some decisive battle before taking sides. And it is not strange that the ardent patriots, who had accepted the issue and had staked their aU^ should make small allowance for difference of motives and. tem- perament, and reckon all who did not keep pace with their bold aggressive movements as inimical to the country. ^A few of our town's people were at one time suspected of fbeing loyalists at heart ; and the town required certain specific 155 declarations, or test oaths, of them, which they all, it is believed, freely took. ^LU incident which occurred about the middle of the war will ishow the temper of the town. A man by the name of John F Triask, came to Whately, and built a hut on the i-iver bank near the outlet of Hopewell brook. No one knew his business or intentions ; and he generally kept himself aloof from society. But in an unguarded moment he boasted- that he had helped to hang some Yankees who were Captured by the British. The next day, when he returned from a Stroll, he found a paper nailed to his door on which was written, "Death to the hang- man I " He took the hint, and left for parts unknown^^*' 'he expenses of the war, the depreciation of the paper issues ^of money, the heavy taxation, and the extent of town and indi- vidual debts, began, two or three years before the close of the War, to awaken a spirit of popular discontent in Massachusetts, very bodj' was behindhand. Real estate was unsalable ; pro- ■ visions and clothing were scarce and dear ; the hard money had gone for public uses, and the paper bills had lost their credit. The soldiers came home poor, and were urgent that the town should redeem its pledges, on the strength of which they had enlisted. Very. likely the soldiers' creditors were not disposed to grant them unusual indulgence, and wait for the tardy action of the town. The State levied taxes ; and the town levied taxes ; and the real estate owners were called to bear the chief burden of this direct taxation. The commercial interest was the first to feel the pressure of the war ; and the landed interest suffered less : but now it was reversed ; commerce began to revive at once with the success of our arms ; but the heavy taxes, and scarcity of help, and high wages, swallowed up all the farmer's resources. He could not conceal his farm from the assessor, or the tax-gatherer, or the sheriff. And this pressure upon the agricultural industry accounts for the distress, and dis- orders, and opposition to State taxes, which showed itself .in the central and western counties, and ripened into open resistance. jiEvery body pleaded poverty, and put off the payment of his I debts. Legal prosecutions became frequent and oppressive. I The courts were the means relied on to compel settlements, and 156 not unnaturally incurred odium, and became the objects of pop- ular vengeance: A calm review of the situation will not find reason for surprise that disturbances arose ; but the wonder is that the new State, — crippled in its resources, loaded down with debts, weakened by conflicting interests, and with a financial system to adjust^ if not to devise, and a form of government to establish on the basis of equal rights.f—-\hQ wonder is that the new State survived the perils of its birthj?^ a***'The success of the earlier conventions of the committees of I safety, indicated the most direct way of carrying out schemes 'for f opposing, as well as supporting, the constituted authorities,.: Conventions " to consult upon the subject of grievances " — a word quick to catch the popular sympathy — began to be held in Hampshire county as early as 1781. They were made up of delegates chosen by the several towns ; and thus had a semi-offi- cial character. For a time these delegates were men of- the highest respectability and influence ; and the meetings were moderate in their counsels, while firm in the determination to secure what they held to be their just rights. But prudence and wisdom were not always in the ascendant. These delegate con- ventions degenerated ; and irregular conventions were held, which became the instruments of faction and mob rule, and cul- minated in the Shays rebellioi^' The history of one of these earlier uprisings must serve as a sain pie of all ; and is selected because a Whately man played an important part in it. In April, 1782, one ^jg^j^USfest^ deposed preacher, of Somers, Conn., got together a so-called convention at Northampton, at the time when the Supreme Judicjal Court and the Court of Common Pleas were holding sessions there. For an attempt to prevent the sitting of the Court of Common Pleas, and for disturbing the peace generally, Ely was arrested, and, pleading guilty to the indictment against him, was condemned to a term of imprisonment at Springfiel Age, Date of Enlistment. Company. William A. Pearson, 24 Sept. 17, 1862 I JosepH L. Longly, 38 muster'd Oct. 11, 1862 D Henry Lyman,* 27 " D George M. Crafts, Corp., 27 " H Francis G. Bardwell, 20 " I John Brown, aged 42, enlisted Sept., 1862, in Co. H. Eighth Reg't Inf. Three Tears' Men who served in Go. G. 27th Reg. Inf. M. V. Irving B. Crafts, 18i eiil. Sept. 24, '61, dis. Mar. 31, '63,' sickness. Wm. McCpy, 30, enl. Aug. 23, '61, dis. May 30, '63, sickness. Arthur A. Wait, 20, enl. Mar. 15, '62, d. Portsmouth, N". C, Jan. 27, '63. ^ ■ Bartholomew O'Connell, 19, enl. Sept. 18, '61, prom, to 1st Serg't June 12, '63, discharged to re-enlist, Dec. 23, '63. Bartholomew O'Connell, 21, re-enl. Dec. 24, '63, killed, Kingston, ST. C, Mar. 8, '66. Patrick Murphy, 30, enl. Sept. 24, '61, dis. Aug. 30, '63, disability. Patrick Murphy, 32, re-enl. Dec. 1, '63, died, Andersonvillev Ga., Mar. 16, '65. Andrew M. Wetherell, 22, enl. Sept. 24, '61, d. Andersonville, Gaj ■ Three Tears'' Men who served in the iXst Reg. Inf. M.Y.. Charles R. Crafts, 21, enl. Aug. 23, '61, in Company G, discharged Jan. 1, '64, expiration of service. Charles R. Crafts, 24, re-enl. Jan. 2, '64, in Company G, discharged Aug, 12, '64, disability. James L. Wait, 21, enl. Mar. 12, '62, in Co. I, deserted. John Huxley, 24, enl. Mar. 3, '62, in Co. I, dis. Mar. 15, '64. ,- John Huxley, 26, re-enl. Mar. 15, '64, in Co, I, transf. to 36th Reg,, transf. to 56th Reg., dis. July 12, '66, exp. of service. David Amell, 18, enl. Mar. 7, '62,.in Co. F, d. Aug. 23, '62. James Lyndon, 19, enl. Feb. 26, '64, in Co. I,. transf. to 36th Reg., transf. to 56th Reg., dis. July'12, '66, exp. of service. Three Tears' Men who served in the 37th Reg. Inf. M. V. Chauncey Wait, 33, enl. July 21, '62, Co. F, died of wounds, Wildernessj- Va., June 27, '64: Charles S. Bardwell, Serg't, 26, enl. July 22, '62, Co. F, prom. 2d Lieut. June 20, '63 ; 1st Lieut. May 16, '64 ; acting Capt. Sept. '64, died at Winchester, W. Va., Oct. 6, '64, of wounds received in battle Sept. 19. * Died, Baton EoBge, La., May 2, 186S. 165 Stephen G. Stearns, 21, enl. July 22, '62, Co. F, dia. June 21, '65, exp. ' of service. Nehemiah J. Tilden, 42, enl. July 22, '62, Co K, died at White Oak Swamp, Va., Dec. 28, '62. Henry Amell, 23, enl. July 22, '62, Co. F, dis. June 21, '65, expiration of service. Luther G. Stearns, 28, enl. July 22, '62, Co. F, dis. June 21, '65, exp. of service. Samuel E. Sandeiwon, 18, enl. July 22, '62, Co. F, dis. June 21, '65, exp. of service. In gest A. Allis. 19^ enl. July 22, '62, Co. F, dis. Mar. 10, '63, sickness. John F. Pease, 21, enl. July 21, '62, Co. F, dis. June 21, '65, expiration of service. Edgar W. Field, 18, enl. July 21, .'62, Co. F, died Andersonville, Aug. Edward C. Sanderson, 24, enl. July 21, '62, Co. F, dis. June 9, '65. Orange Bardwell, l9, enl. July 23, '62, Co. F, killed, battle of the Wil- derness, Va., May 6, '64. Austin A. Wait, 19, enl. July 23, '62, Co. F, dis. June 21, '65, expiration of service. Frederick A. Farley, Serg't, 30, enl. Aug. 1, '62, Co. F, prom. 2d Lieut. May 21, '65, dis. July 1, '66. Robert Brown, 18, enl. Nov. 10, '63, Co. F, transf. to 20th Reg. Inf., June 21, '65, dis. July 28, '65. Charles H. Walker, 18, mustered Nov. 23, '63, Co. H, dis. May 2, '66, '■ disability. Henry M. Wood, 20, mustered Oct. 9, '64, unassigned, dis. Aug. 28, '66, exp. of service. Three Tears' Men who served in the \Qth Beg. Inf. M. V. William A. P. Foster, 24, enl. Aug. 17, '61, Co. C. transf. to 37th Reg., dis. Aug. 31, '64, exp. of service. Dwight Morton, 33, enl. July 13, '63, Co. C. Frank D. Bardwell, 20, enl. Aug. 28, '62, Co. H., dis. July 1, '64, exp. of service. Had arm shattered in first day's fight in the Wilderness, Virginia. Three Years'' Men who served in the 17th Beg. -Inf. M. V. ■ ■ Henry E. Sanderson, 21, enl. April 11, '62, Co. G, dis. Sept. 5, '62, disability. Wm. T. Parks, Serg't, 26, mustered Nov. 17, '64, Co. D, dis. July 22, '65. Three Years' Men who served as indicated. Sylvester R. Walker, 40, enl. Nov. 20, '61, Co. C, 31st Reg. Inf., dis. Aug. 31, '63, disability. 166 Henry R, Sanderson, Corp. re-enl. Feb. 18, '64, Co. C, 57th Reg. Inf. dis. Dec. 3, '64, .disability. Henry D. Smith, 21, enl. Aug. 8, '62, Co. G, 1st Mass. Cavalry, dis. Oct. 31, '64, exp. of service. William A. Pearson, enl. Nov. 12, '63, Co. C, 1st Mass. Heavy Art., transf. to Navy, April 28, '64. _ Foster Meekins, Serg't, 31, enl. Jan. 22, '62,. Co. F, 34th Reg. Inf., dis. June 16» '65, exp. of service. DwightL. Dickinson, 19, enl. July 31, '62, Co. G, 34th Reg. Inf., dis. June 16, '65, exp. of service. • Alonzo J. Hale, 26, enl. Jan. 4, '64, 5th Battery Light Art., dis. June 12, '65, exp. of service. Samuel S. Smith, 40, re-enl. June 25, '64, Co. E, 57th Reg. Inf. dis. July 30, '65, exp. of service. John Brown, 43, re-enl. Jan. 25, '64, Co. E, 57thReg. Inf., died, Ander- sonville, Ga., Oct. 12, '64. Franklin E. Weston, 21, enl. Nov. 22, '61, €o. B, 31st Reg. Inf., dis. Nov. 22, '64, exp. of service. William B. Wait, 24, enl. Jan. 5, '64, Co. B, 32d.Reg. Inf., killed, Peters- burg, Va., June 18, '64. ' Three Tears' Men, Recruits credited to Whately, whose place of Birth and Sesidence are unknown. James Barrett, 38, enl. July 21, '64, 28th Beg. Inf. M. V. Alfred Micollete, 21, " "... ' " William Whiting, 21, enl. Oct. 8, '64, Co. B, 55th Reg. Inf. M, J.', dis. Aug. 29, '65, exp. of service. John Doherty, 42, enl. Jan. 12, '64, Co, E, 56th Reg. Inf.,- M. V., died at Boston,- Feb. 10, '64. James Anderson, 21, enl. Feb. 25, '64, Co. K, 56th Reg. Inf., M. V., dis. Sept. 4, '66, disability. Charles W. Ellis, 19, enl. Feb. 25, '64, Co. K, 56th Reg. Inf. M. V. dis. June 16, '65. Jacob Nelson, 24, enl. Feb. 25, *64, Co. K, 56th Reg. Inf. M. V., dis. June 15, '65. William Tassell, 24, enl. Feb. 25, '64, Co. K, 56th Reg. Inf. M*. V., deserted April 20, '64. Joseph Perro, 23, enl. Feb. 10, '64, Co. I, 67th Reg. Inf. M. V., dis. July 30, '65, exp. of service. John Ryan, 28, enl. Nov. 30, '64, Co. D. 24th Reg. Inf. M. V., dis. Jan. 20, '66, exp. of service. David Sheilds, 18, enl. June 3, '64, Co. I. 19th Reg. Inf. M. V., dis. June 30, '65, exp. of service. James Prince, 19, enl. June 30,' '64, Co. G, 20th Reg. Inf. M. V., dis. June 12, '65. 167 Thomas Doody, 20, enl. June 30, '64, Co. I, 20tli Reg. Inf. M. V., died of wounds, Oct. 1, '64. Lewis Bushey, 20, enl. July 13, '64, Co. K. 20tli Reg. liif. M. V., dis. July 28, '65, exp. of service. Charles Williams, 25, enl. Oct. 31, ''64, 15th Battery Lt. Art., deserted Jan. 1, '65. Charles Toomey, 31, enl. Aug. 26, '64, Co. B, 2d Reg. Heavy Art.,. dis. June 26, '65, exp. of service. ' ' George Shannon, 19, enl. Deo. 30, '63, Co. D, 2d Reg. Cavalry, deserted Feb. 23, '65. Julius Schneider, 23, enl. Jan. 2, '64, 2d Reg. Cavalry. Anton Braun, 33, enl. Feb. 19, '64, 3d Reg. Cavalry, deserted May, . '64. Richard F. Stanton, 25, enl. Jan. 29, '64, Co. B. 6th Reg. Cavalry, dis. Oct. 31, '65, exp. of service. John Stewart, 26, enl. Jan. 29, '64, Co. B, 5th Reg. Cavalry, deserted May 20, '64. Frank Strothers, 24, enl. Feb. 24, '64, Co. F. 5th Reg. Cavalry, dis. Oct. 31, '65, exp. of service. Robert Robinson, 25, enl. Oct. 20, '64, 5th Reg. Cavalry. John Choiswell, 41, enl. Oct. 26, '64, Veteran Reserve Corps. James B. Kennedy 20, enl. Oct. 31, '64, " " " Charles Robinson, 20, enl. Oct. 21, '64, " " " Thomas McDonald, 22, enl. June 14, '64, 22d Reg. Inf. M. V. Names of Whately Men who were in service as indicated. Most of them enlisted ftom other States, but they deserve a place in our Annals, . Moses W. Jewett, enl. for three years, Aug. 20, '61, in Co. B, 6th Conn. Vol., transf., Feb. 22, '63, to Co. D, 1st U. S. Art. ; re-enl. for three years, Feb. 4, '64: dis. Feb. 4, '67, exp. of service. Was in twenty- five engagements, beginning at Hilton Head, S. C, and ending, April 9, '65, with the surrender of Gen. Lee. Henry A. Brown, serg't, 24, enl. for three years from Northampton, June 21, '61, in Co. C, 10th Mass. Reg. Inf., prom. 2d Lieut. Sept. 29, '62. Fre'derick R. Brown, 30, enl. for three years from Boston, Nov. 3, '63, in Co. G, 12th Mass. Reg. Inf. ; died, Culpepper, Va., Jan. 17, '64. Francis C. Brown, enl. from Rockford, Winnebago Co. 111., in Co. G, 74th 111. Reg. Inf. James E. Brown, enl. in Co. C, 93d Reg. Ohio Inf. ; served three years. Was taken prisoner : escaped ; was re-taken, and held eighteen months at Andersonville, Ga., and Florence. Henry A. Dickinson, 21, enl. for nine months from Hatfield, Oct. 11, '62, in Co. Kj 62d Reg. Mass. Inf., d. Baton Rouge, La., Mar. 22, '63. 168 Oscar F. Doane, 23, enl. for two years, May 21, '61, from Gaines, N. Y . Co. H, 27th Reg. N. Y. Vols. ; dis. May 31, '62 ; re-enl. for thr . years, Dec. 14, '63, Co. C, 8th Reg. N. Y. Heavy Art., killed ( the picket line in front of Petersburg, Va., Nov. 22, '64. Lucius AUis, 2 1, enl. for three years, Feb. 23, '65, from Marlborough, ^ Co^ CilTst Reg. Mass Inf. died. JVlobile . Ala., June 23, 65. Dwight W. Bardwell, 21, enl. for three years from Deerfield, Oct. 8, '6 Vo. F, 2d Reg. Mass. H. Art., died, Dec. 7, '64, Newbern, N. C. Wells Clark* 18, enl. for three years from Hatfield, Dec. 26, '61, in Co. ( 31st Reg. Inf. M. V. ; re-enl. Feb. 17, '64, died of wounds. May 2 '64, New Orleans, La. Alvah S. Frary, 18, enl. '62, died, July 23, '63, at Vicksburg. CHAPTER XII. LOCAL INDUSTRIES. The Whately settlers found an ally in the small stream of water known as West Brook, which has done its full share in promoting the earlier as well as the later prosperity. of the town. It runs about three and one-half miles in our territory ; and fur- nishes not less than sixteen good privileges, having an average of seventeen feet fall. Few streams in the State, of equal volume and length, will compare with this in power and feasibility of. use. Having its rise in numerous springs among the higher hills, and fed by a succession of springs through nearly its whole course, it is not readily affected by drought.. And though from the steepness of the slopes which form the water-shed on either side, it is liable to sudden overflows from thawing snow, and heavy showers, yet the regular descent quickly carries off the surplus, andprevents accumulation. Beginning up stream, the following is a list of the different privileges, and the date when each was first occupied. Probably the list is substantially complete ; though it is not attempted to specify all the changes of ownership, and different kinds of busi- ness carried on. The numbers prefixed are arbitrary, and are used for the sake of convenient reference. No. 1. A saw-mill was built by Dexter Morton, near the house of Rufus Wait, about the year 1830. No. 2. About 1822, Reuben Jenney put in a trip hammer, and carried on iron works, in connection with his blacksmith shop. No. 3. Elihu Harvey and Sons have occupied this privilege for a variety of purposes, as a husk-mill, wood-turning, the mak- ing of cutlery, garden rakes, etc. w ( 169 ) 170 No. 4. Thomas Nash built a woolen mill, near the north-west schoolhouse, about 1836. No. 5. Perhaps this was first occupied by Jonathan Wait, aa early as 1811, for a cloth-dressing mill. James Cutter had a trip hammer here in 1818. Austin Allis had a wagon shop in 1822. In 1823, Capt. Seth Bardwell bought it, and carried on cloth-dressing till 1829, when he commenced the manufacture of cloth by power-looms, starting with four looms. He sold to the Messrs. Nash in 1833. It is now owned by Sumner Smith, and used as a jobbing shop. No. 6. A saw-mill was erected here by Lieut. Edward Brown, about 1765. In 1791 or '92, he sold to Lieut. Noah Bardwell,' Asa Sanderson, and Moses Munson, who appear to have been joint owners. Mr. Munson made chaise-springs, cheese-presses, wooden vises, etc., but the sawing of lumber was the main busi- ness. It is now owned by Rufus Sanderson and Son. No. 7. Moses Munson built a grist-mill here as early as 1784. He sold to Dea. James Smith before 1806, who continued the grist-mill till 1830, when it was transformed into a gimlet fac- tory. The value of gimlets manufactured in 1837 was returned at $11,125. It is now used as a planing-miH and jobbing shop by Justin R. Smith. No. 8. Capt. Amos Pratt built a clothier's shop here before 1800, which was afterwards moved up to No. 5. The privilege is not now used. No. 9. Luther Warner established auger works here ; and the privilege passed into the hands of Morton and White, and has been used for spinning woolen yarns, ma.king hosiery, etc. It is now owned by H. L. James. No. 10. In 1833, Capt. Seth Bardwell, in connection with Levi Bush, Jr. and David Wells, built a woolen mill on this privilege. It had one set, i. e. ten looms. This mill was burnt in 1839. In 1849 Capt. Bardwell i^-built the mill, and fur-^ nished it with two sets of machinery. It is now owned by'H. L. James. No. 11. An oil mill was erected on this site as early as 1780, by Lieut. Noah Bardwell. Perhaps it was used for this purpose till 1805, when a machine for dressing flax by water power was put.in. Some iron casting has been done here. A new build- 171 ing on or near this spot, is now owned by Capt. Bardwell, which is used for the manufacture of fine cut tobacco. No. 12. Hiram Smith first occupied this privilege, where he set up a lathe, and afterwards had a husk mill.- It is now a grist mill,. owned by Harvey Moor & Co. No. 13. This is the best privilege on the Brook, having a fall of about forty feet. Saw and grist mills were erected here by Reuben or Samuel Belding, of Hatfield, as early as 1767 or '68. In 1771 they were owned by Eeuben Belding ; and at his death in '76, passed into the hands of Samuel. In 1792 or '93, the site was bought by a company, at the head of which was Col. Josiah Allis. The enterprise failed. In 1794, the following vote of the town is recorded: "That in their opinion, the spot where Caleb A llis's mill now stands, will best accommodate the town." It. may refer to this site. As early as 1798, Isaac Frary owned the mills. They have since been owned by Dea. David Saunders, and Foster Y. Warner. Are now owned by the Wells Brothers. No. 14. The Wells Brothers' grist mill. The amount of busi- ness done by this firm, at the two privileges, in meal, feed and flour is very considsrable. The return for 1865 was : bushels of grain ground, 21,000; value, $30,500. No. 15. This site has had a great number of owners, and been devoted to a great variety of uses. Hannum and Taylor had a shop here for cloth-dressing, and carding wool, in 1810. E. Fairman carried on the same business from 1820 to 1826. Cowan's factory, on this site, is named in the town records, 1830. A comb factory, owned by Josiah ,AAlia and R. B. Harwood, was in operation here in 1832. It is now owned and occupied by Justin Wait for wood turning, and a general jobbing-shop. No. 16. This is known as the saw-mill privilege. Samuel Belding had a saw-mill on the Hatfield side. On the Whately side, there were iron-works at an early date ; and may have been a fulling mill before 1800. In 1813, Stephen Orcutt had a pottery just below, and drew water for grinding the clay from the pond, through underground pipes. The town records mention, but do not locate, Isaac Frary 's bark mill, 1808 ; William Wing's fulling mill, 1808 ; Orcutt's carding mill, 1813. 172 Hopewell Brook. — The only valuable privilege' on this brook, is near the river road, where Joshua Beldin put in a saw mill. It was started in a rude way in 1797 or '98 ; but the frame of the mill was not raised till Feb. 7, 1800. In 1850, Charles D. Stockbridge started here a manufactory of paste blacking, the value of which was returned in 1855 at $10,000. It is now used by Elihu Belden for the preparation of colors for fresco-painting. EoAKmG Brook. — As heretofore stated, saw and grist mills were built on this stream by Adonijah Taylor, about 1763 or '64. The farm, including the -several privilegea, was bought by Thomas Sanderson, Esq., who moved here in 1803; and the site has been held by the family since that date. A mill for carding wool and dressing cloth was built by Mr. Sanderson, just below where the present mills are ; and was in use by his son Eli, as late as 1820. Tanneries. — The tan-house built by Paul Belding before 1771, has been already mentioned. A tannery with a shoe- maker's shop connected, was established in Canterbury by Dea. Thomas Sanderson, soon after the close of "the Revolutionary War. The business was continued by his son Thomas, and his grandson John Chapman, till within a recent period. Solomon Adkins, Jr., built a tan-house at the foot of Gutter hill, north of tjie cemetery, probably. in 1789. He had carried on the shoe-making business after 1784. This tannery was sub- sequently owned by StalhamAllk, and Dexter Frary. Asa Sanderson carried on the tanning business for many years at West street. He commenced about 1795. As the tanner usually worked up a considerable share of his own leather into boots and shoes, the net profits were large. Dea. Thomas San- derson was rated' on "faculty" in the State tax of 1789, five shillings; Solomon Adkins, Jr., one shilling. This "income, tax," as it would now be called, was laid on inn-holders, trades- men, and mechanics, who were considered as doing a prosper- ous business. Blacksmiths. — John Lamson had a blacksmith shop near where Samuel Lesure now lives, as early as 1776, and contin- 173 ued the business till 1791. Near the same early date a shop was built in the Straits, about twenty rods south of Stephen Bel- den's, but by whojp occupied is not now known. Nathaniel Dickinson, after serving his apprenticeship with Mr. Lamson, did blacksmith's work, and boarded with Rev. Mr. Wells, in 1782. Jehu Dickinson built a shop under the hill, south of Lyman Dickinson's, in 1783. Later, he built a new shop near the top of the hill. He carried on a large and prosperous busi- ness for many years. His brother Alpheus was for a time asso- ciated with him. David Cook set lip a smith's shop in 1793, and remained in town a year or two. Oliver Morton, Jr., built a commodious shop, about 1798, just south of his dwelling house. In more modern times this shop was occupied by Horace B. Fox. Eoswell Train, Isaac Chapman, and Reuben Jenney, Jr. have had shops in the west part of the town. Israel Scott, Jus- tin Smith, and S. W. Fox carried on the business, at different times, in the Straits. Benjamin Larrabee and Chester Wells had shops in Claverack. Mr. Wells removed to Chestnut Plain street, and in connection with Leander Clark carried on an ex- tensive business in blacksmith and carriage work. James Cutter had a blacksmith shop in 1816. Hatteks — Amasa Smith, the hatter, was in town 1785 to '92. In 1799, Benjamin and Joseph Mather had a shop which stood at the south-east corner of Dr. Harwood's front lot. Benjamin Munson did hatter's work in a shop in the Straits, just north of Hatfield line. In 1804, Joel and Benjamin Munson had a hat- ter's shop, near the south-west school-house. Jerry Allis served an apprenticeship with them. Brick-making. — In 1778, the town voted, " tha't John Locke have liberty to make bricks in the road near Capt. Stiles's house." Daniel Morton, Jr., and Lewis Stiles, continued the business near this spot from 1782 till 1827. The clay was crushed and mixed by treading with cattle or a horse in a circu- lar pit. Bricks were also made at various places on the banks of Mill River, by Thomas Crafts, Justus Crafts, Chester Wells, Oliver Dickinson, Levi Bush, Jr. and Luke Wells. The returns for 1855 show the manufacture to amount to 25,000 bricks, at a valuation of $2,500. 174 Pottery and Stone Ware. — About 1777, Stephen Or- cutt began to manufacture common pottery ware just across West Brook, in Hatfield. Afterwards, in connection with Lem- uel Wait, he built a shop on the Whately side.. Thomas Crafts started a pottery in the Lane in 1802. The shop stood a few rods east of the dwelling-house, of Erastus Crafts. After five or six years he moved the shop tp Claverack, on the east side of the road from his house. From 1821 to 1832 , he made black tea pots, to the value of $4,000 annually. Quartus Graves bad a pottery in the' Lane, where Lucius Graves now lives, from 1816 to 1826. A pottery was built in the Straits by Heman Swift, on the place now owned by Edmund Quinn. Obed Wait, Luke Wait, and Mr. Orcutt built a shop on the lot now owned by Justin Wait ; subsequently they manufactured stone ware, on a small scale, for five or six years. Sanford S. Perry & Co., started the manufacture of black tea pots about 1820, on the lot now owned by M. W. Jewett. Their sales amounted to an average of $2,500 per annum. A small pottery was built just north of Lyman Dickinson's, by Thomas and Justus Crafts. In 1831, the latter built the house, now of Austin Crafts, and occupied one half of it for a pottery. Brown earthen flower pots were made by Salph E. Crafts for some years, near Elbridge G. Crafts's barn. This shop was burned in 1843, and he built a new one on the brow of Mill swamp hill, on the lot where he now lives. The manufacture of stone ware was commenced by Thomas Crafts in 1833, and continued fifteen years. His business amounted to $6,000 per year. The works were carried on for several years by his son James M. Crafts. Constant employ- ment was given to ten hands, and ware to the value of $10,000 per annum was made. The shops were all closed before 1860. James M. Crafts and others carried, on quite an extensive busi- ness in the manufacture of drain tile, from 1854 to 1863. Carriages. — Till after 1730, the only method of land travel in the valley, for either long or short distances, in summer or winter, was on foot or horseback. In 1753, there were in all Hampshire county only two private carriages, and these were 175 two-wheeled chairs ; one owned by Moses Porter, of Hadley, the other by Israel Williams, of Hatfield. Horse sleds, or "sleys," — being simply a box with seats upon runners,, for winter travel, — were in use before wheel carriages. Perez Bard well had a pung in 1773 ; Selah Graves had one in 1782. Josiah Allis had ^ i^i<- 1>>4_< q, painted pung, of extra finish, ia 1776. Dr. Benjamin Dick-y^>^4^-<- When the fashion changed, the broom was flattened, by pound- ing it with an axe or mallet ; or a large lot were put under the cider press. Later, two strips of joist were framed or bolted to a post in the shed, and made to squeeze the broom by means of a screw bolt or wedge. Then a sort of clamp was devised by Francis- Belden, to be- fixed upon a bench or form, and made, to grip tightly by a wedge. This great improvement was made in 1827 ; and led to the invention of the jaw-horse, soon after 1830. The Messrs. Belden continued to be large raisers and manu- facturers for many years. The introduction of the turned handle, and fine wire in place of twine, and this new invention for flattening, secured a light, firm brOom, which quickly super- seded the old-fashioned round one. Most of the farmers tied on their own crops, and disposed of the brooms by. peddling through the country. When the demand became greater, the brooms were sent to New York, and sold by R. T. Morton, who acted as agent for the producers. Among those who have made a specialty of manufacturiiiig brooms, and selling them on their own account, are Abel W. Nash, who commenced in" a small way as early as 1822, and continued the business till 1868 ; Solomon Mosher, who began about 1824, and continued the business in Whately till 1840 ; Carlos Swift, who was in the business from 1826 till quite o 179 recently. ^Bliphas H. Wood commenced the manufacture of brooms and brushes as early as 1830, and gradually enlarged it, till his estimated sales in some years amounted to $30,000. He has been located since 1847 at the Depot village, and is now the only broom manufacturer in town. J. M. Cooley started the business for himself in 1835. At the end of ten years, his sales amounted to near $ 18,000 per annum. He left town in 1847. Lucius Graves, and many others, have been engaged more or less extensivBiy in the business. I The yield of broom brush, per acre, averaged near six hun- dred pounds,; and the price varied from five to seven cents per pound. In iavorable seasons, the seed was considered of suffi- cient value to pay the cost of cultivation. It was mixed with other grains and ground for pj'ovender. Pocket-books and Wallets. — This branch of business was r * w 1 1 i ] ii «iiiw iii MMff «!"wi>>»' w » « > oi'Capt. Salmon White, 1785. "nThomas Nash, 1842. -^ol. Josiah Allis, 1787, 88. 'WMaj. Phineas Frary, 1805, 8, 10, 14 jjohn White, 1826. Rev. L. P. Bates, 1829. David Stockbridge, 1830. JpJi Thomas Crafts, 1831 ; May and NovrlE Capt. Luke Wells, 1832. Chester Brown, 1833. Leander Clark, 1834, 40. Calvin Wells, 1886. Asa Dickinson, 1836. Rodolphus Sanderson, 1837. Jabez Pease, 1844. Dr. Chester Bardwell, 1847, 48, 51. ^^ea. Justus White, 1849. ■^Abel W. Nash, 1862. osiah Allis, 1863. Edwin Bardwell, 1854. Hiram. Smith, 1865. William H. Fuller, 1858, 59. L. W. Hannum, 1861. Capt. Seth Bardwell, 1864. Alfred Belden, 1868. Seth B. Crafts, 1871. fConi Delegates to Constitutional Conventions. bl. Josiah Allis was Delegate to the Convention to ratify the Federal Constitution in 1788. Dea. Thomas Sanderson was Delegate to the Convention to revise the Constitution of Massachusetts, 1820. Extracts from the Town Kbcoeds. 1780, May 19. An uncommon darkness was over the earth for some hours. 1780. The Dollar, which became legal currency in 1750, is first named in the town records this year, though it was not used in keeping the town accounts till near 1'800. LoaiTEKT. — 1791. The town voted that Thomas Sanderson be a dele- gate to attend a meeting at the house of Mr. Caleb Alvord, in Greenfield, to consult on the propriety of petititioning the General Court for a lottery, for the purpose of building a bridge over Deerfield river. 1797. The town voted that it yfjp. not give liberty to inoculate for the small pox. 1798. Voted, to give a bounty of six shillings for wild cats. 801. A wolf was killed in Whately. The bounty paid by the town as $10. 1804. Voted, to build three horse-blocks near the meeting-house. 1812, Dee. 7. Voted, that every man have liberty to wear his hat in town meetingjj^ / Slaves. — Two of our citizens owned slaves at the time of their settle- ment in Whately : viz., — Gideon Dickinson and Eichard Chauncey, — and so far as can be gathered from the census returns, these are the only col- ored persons enumerated in our population. Mr. Chauncey's slave was George Pratt, who was an original member of the church, and died Sept. 18, 1794, BBt. 75. He lived for a time in the family of Zenas Field, and was much respected^ JLoNGEViTT. — In the year 1849, in a total population of 1,129, there- vwere living in Whately fifteen persons, whose united ages amounted to k 1,300 years, being ^n average age of 86f years. Of these,, seven were males and eight females ; and included in the list were three married couples who had lived together respectively 66, 63, and 56 yearSj^ Vj^/^^i^U^^ ^(Tt^ ■e^^ yfra^j ^"^^^ jZi^^tPC^ FAMILY GENEALOGIES [The date after a name indicates -when the individual became a resident of Whately ; two dates connected hy a note the time of settlement and removal.] Abbrcromby, Robert, 1779-85. A weaver; was one of " Burgoyne's men; " built a house in the Lane, on the Plyna Graves's place: m. Jan. 28, 1779, Elizabeth Bragg, dau. of Abial. Chil. William, bap. Mar. 19, 1780; Agnese, bap. Oct. 20, 1782. Adkins, Josiah,! Middletown, Conn., d. Sept. 12, 1690. Adkins, Sqlomon.^ b. 1678; a deacon; m. May 18, 1709, Phebe Edwards; d. 1748. Adkins, Solomon.S b. Aug. 11, 1720; rem. from Middletown to Whately, 1782 or 8 ; lived in the Straits ; afterwards with his son ; a basket maker; d. Feb. 26, 1804. Wife Thankful, d. April 7, 1806, set. 79. Chil. Solomon, b. May 4, 1762 ; Thankful, m. John Crafts ; Giles ; Elijali ; daughter m. — — ^— Cone. Adkins, Solomon,* 1784. Owner of the Stalham AUis place; a tanner and shoemaker. He m. Mar. 9, 1787, Electa Graves, dau. of Oliver ; chil. Enoch, b. Aug. 23, 1788; Henry, b. June 16, 1791 ; Electa, b. Nov. 20, 1793 ; d. young ; Electa, b. Dec. 2, 1795 ; d. young ; Ohloe, b. Apr. 18, 1798 ; Jod, b. Sept. 7, 1800'; Hannah, b. July 14, 1803 ; Solomon, b. Oct. 8, 1805. Adkins, Giles,'* m. Jan. 9, 1794, Martha Graves, dau. of Oliver; chil. Freeman, per. others. Adkins, Elijah,* in. Dec. 2l', 1797, Tirza Cooley, dau. of Barnas and Hannah. Adkins, Enoch,? m. Feb. 13, 1822, Amanda White, dau. of Luther. He d. June 15, 1844; she d. Jan. 4, 1863; chil. William S., b. Feb. 10, 1823; died young; Ghloe C, b. Dec. 12, 1824; William M., b. June 7, 1827 ; George E., b. Oct. 29, 1829 ; Electa, b. Aug. 15, 1833 ; Catharine M., b. Dec. 16, 1835 ; d. Sept. 1866. Adkins, Hbnrt,5 m. Jan. 1, 1817. Lucinda Clark,' dau. of Peter ;|.chil, Zilpah A., b. Nov. 10, 1817 ; d. 1868 ; Henry B., b. Mar. 20, 182C^-d. July 10, 1853 ; Eli S., b. Jan. 16, 1824 ; Leoi G., b. Sept. 15, 182w^ Adkins, Chlob,5 was for many years a teacher in the Public Sch^&ls in Whately. She m. John Elwell, and moved West. Adkins, Joel,5 m. Mar. 18, 1824, Fidelia Smith, dau. of Asa ; d. Mar. 7, 1868 ; chil. Edward Almeron, b. June 18, 1826 ; Frederick Augustus, b. 'Jan. 12, 1828 ; Mary Eliza, b. May 26, 1830 ; d. 1833. Adkins, Solomon,5 m. June 6, 1833, Wealthy Arms. Moved to South 196 Deerfield ; wife d. March 17, 1870 ; chil. Mary Jane, b. Sept. 8, 1835 ; Fidelia E., h. Aug. 28, 1839; m. Maj 19. 1864, Eurotas Morton; Fred. C, b. Jan. 23, 1844; m. Aug. 18, 1870, Sarah B. Howard. Adkins, Chlob C.,6 m. Aug. 9, 1844, Elias Holmes; chil. George A., b. June 2, 1846; Emma J., b. Jan. 13, 1861; Frederick, b. Sept. 17, 1853; d. young; HattieE., b, Aug. 31, 1856; Nellie, b. Mar. 28, 1861; d. young; Nettie B., b. Aug. 12, 1866. Adeins, William M.,6 m. Elizabeth P. Allen ; chil. Carrie L., b. Aug. 16, 1853 ; Hattie J„ b. June 7, 1858. Adkins, Edward Ai.MEK0ir,6 m. Feb. 1, 1854, Clarissa Graves, dau. of Plyna ; an architect and carpenter ; d. Mar. 10, 1871 ; chil. Arfhur Leon, b. Aug. 13, 1857; Wiiliam Henry, b. May 9, 1862. Adkins, Frederick A. ,6 m. Nov. 21, 1856, Marietta Murphy, dau. of Timothy and Priscilla. She was b. Sept. 27, 1836 ; chil. Frank Hale, b. March 1860. Adkins, Mary J.,6 m. Oct. 16, 1860, Andrew Button; chil. CMrles K., b. July 8, 1861 ; Selle A., b. Mar. 16, 1864; d. July 26, 1868; Annie A., b. Oct. 26, 1869. Alden, Barnabas Gilbert, son of Barnabas, of Plainfield, m. Sept^ 14,1836, Paulina Graves, dau. of Selah. Alden, Mbhitablb, wid. d. Sepl. 23, 1847, aged 83. Alexander, Joseph, 1796. From Hadley. His mother. Experience, d. in W. Jan. 27, 1799, aged 72. He m. Mar. 7, 1793, Hannah Wait; chil, i'Mi^er, b. April 8,1797; Calvin. Alexander, Calvin,^ m. Sept. : 17, 1829, Jane Bardwell, dau. of Orange and Euphamie. Alexander, Levi. Lived on the place now owned by W. H. Fulle^, Allen, Thomas, 1770. From Conn. Lived in the Straits, on the place afterwards owned by Berij. Bacon ; Chil. Danid, d. Mar. 1792, aet. 13 ; Lydia, d. Mar. 1773 ; PMlena ; Sdbrina. ^M^S^.J^OMm-^ Freeman „M.«,13„.J16^ Kem. from Braintree to Hatfield, 1661 ; ^saS2gjJisak.CSSia..£S£BWa,«^^ man ; d. Sept. 6, 1678. He m. (1) Mary, who d. Aug. 10, 1677; (2) June 25» 1678, Mary, dau. of John Brownson, and wid. of John Graves, of Haddam, Ct. Allis, John,® b. Mar. 5, 1642 ; first capt. of Hatfield militia co., 1687; a carpenter of note ; d. Jan. 1691. He m. Deo. 14, 1669, Mary, dau. of Thomas Me ekins, a nd wid. of Nathaniel Clark, who ^ m. (3) Sa muel Belding. Allis. Icha boJEj? b. July 10, 1675 ; d. July 9, ""^fTT He m. (1) Mary Beldihg, dau. of Samuel; b. Aug. 27, 1679; d. Sept. 9, 1724; m. (2) Nov. 25, 1726, Sarah, dau. of Benj. Wait, and wid. of John Belding. Allis, SaBiuev^ b. Dec. 12, 1705 ; grad. H. C. 1724 ; ord. 1727, first pastor of the ch. in'Soifters, Ct. ; m. Nov. 4, 1729, Hannah Sheldon. He d. Deo. 16, 1796; she d. July 22, 1779. Allis, tnciua,^ b. May 9, 1737 ; captain ; built a log house on Spruce hill, 1761 ; rem. to Conway, 1764. He m. (1) Dec. 10, 1761, Jemima Bliss, who d. Jane 9, 1764 ; m. (2) Aug. 14, 1766, Mary Wells, dau. of Thomas and Sarah, of Deerfield, who d. July 2, 1776; m. (3) June 16, 1777,.Meh||^ble Graves, who d. July 31, 1800; m. (4) May 26, 1801, Lois Graves; chil. Zelinda, .b. Jan. 7, 1763 ; m. Aug. 10, 1786, Isaiah Wing; itifaia, b. and d. June A 197 3, 1764 ; Samuel, b. June 20, 1767 ; Lucius, h. June 19, 1768 ; Solomon, b. Oct. 26, 1769 ; Sarah, b. Apr. 15, 1771 ; Thomas W. b. Aug. 16, 1772 ; Elijah, b. Dec. 5, 1773; infant, b. Oct. 7, 1776; John, b. Aug. 3, 1778. Alms, Solomon,* m. Mar. 14, 1794, Anna B. Dickinson. He d, Nov. 1, 1828 ; she d. Nov. 4, 1864 ; ehil. PartheAia D., b. Jan. 17, 1795 ; Luci4s, b. Sept. 2, 1796 ; Thomas W., b. Aug. 3, 1798 ; John D., b. June ' a, 1801; Emily W., b. Oct. 1, 1803; Elijah, b. Mar. 14, 1805; Lois, b. pr. 3, 1807 ; Maryi W., b. July 3, 1809 ; Elliot C, b. Feb. 13, 1816 ; \Edward P., b. Feb. 9, 1819. . Allis, Elliot C.,'' ra. (1) Apr. 7, 1841, Elvira Dickinson, dau. of Daniel, who d. Aug. 25, 1861 ; m. (2) June 25,'l863, Cornelia A. John- son, dau. of Horace, b. Apr. 8, 1829; chil. Angeline, b, Oct. 30,. 1842; Lucius, b. Aug. 20, 1844; d. June 23, 1865, at Mobile, Ala. ; Esther I)., b. July 27, 1846 ; d. Sept. 10, 1861 ; Irving, b. Jan. 28, 1849 ; Senry G., b. Nov. 4, 1855 ; d. Aug. 8, 1856. ^-^ Allis, Elisha,* b. Dec. 3, 1716 ; captain ; owned a house in Whately, 1771, d. 1784. He m. (1) Dec. 20, 1744, Anne Marsh; (2) Sarah, ; chil. Elisha, m. Mary Ingram, of Amherst ; Josiah ; John; Abel ; William ; Anna, m. Josiah Pomero'yi M. D. "^ ^ ■ ^LLis. JosiAH.s He moved from Hatfield into the house owned by his father on gEBJSS-iiil. i» t^e spring of 1776 ; colonel ■,.TegiiJ,^^j,Jo,co^. IjTggj^selectiijanj town clerk; treasurer; d. Apr, 17, 1794, age(i40? He m. Mar. 1, 1774, Anna Hubbard, dau. of Elisha, b. Dec. 26, 1755; she m. (2) galnswn Whiteij£. ; d" June 21, 1839; chil. EWaA. b. Oct. 21, 1775 ; Electa , b. Feb. 16, 1777, m. Dec. 16^1802, Elial Allen ; .[q sj/ j Ji.- b. Jan. 5, 1779, m. (1) Mary Bull; (2) wid. '■ Gould; An^fi . b. Dec. 3, 1780, m. Chester Sanderson ; Lucy , b. Dec. 7, 1782, m. Thomas San- derson, Jr. ; Eenry , b. July 29, 1784, m. Charlotte Fhelps ; Jerry , b. Jul^ 25. 1786. m. 6ct. 1. l S14..M^ry„S£Mfe,„.iau^Q£.SaliBani_ Ji;., and settles at Oxford, N. Y.; Salfv .. b. Apr.. 22, 1788, m. Eurotas Dickinson ; Almjra , b. Oct. 3, 1790, m. Elam Bridges ; Stalham , h. May 1, 1792 ; Elis ha, h. Jan. 4, 1794, m. (1) Loomis ; (5) Stanley. Allis, Ehjah.6 Town clerk; rep. ; P. M. ; d. July 9, 1860. He m. Nov. 27, 1800, Electa White, dau. of Dea. Salmon; she d. Apr. 8, 1859; chil. Salmon White, b. Nov. 27, 1801; Josiah, b. July 17, WO^-i^ydia, b. Dec. 1, 1805, m. Myron Harwood, M. D. ; JuSi^rf^r^'SrSov. 8, 1807, m. Myron Harwood, M. D. Allis, Stalham.6 Town clerk ; selectman ; d. June 11, 1864. He m. (1) Dec. 24, 1818, Annis Stockbridge, dan. of Davi||;i!she d. Dec. 9, 1838; m. (2) Sept. 11, 1839, Eliza, Sanderson, dau. of Joseph; she d. July 12, 1860; he m. {3J 1862, Eliza Wood; chil. Hubbard S., b. Oct. 4, 1819 ; Elisha Chapman, b. Apr. 6, 1821, d. Oct. 1, 1848 ; Elam Bridges, b. July 10, 1823, m. Clarissa S. Bardwell, dau. of Chester, M. D. ; Stalham White, b. July 22, 1826, d. Nov. 13, 1831; Edward Phelps, b. May 28, 1828, d. Dec. 3, 1831 ; Stalham Edward, b. May 29, 1833. Allis, Salmon White,' m. Mar. 4, 1824, Emily W. Stockbridge, dau. of David; lived in New Haven, Ct. ; d. Sept. 18, 1868 ; chil. Srnry White; 198 Fannie; Gertrude. Allis, Josiah,'' d. May 23, 1866. He m. Apr. 13, 1826, Eliza White, dau. of Ebenezer, of Hatfield; she d. Aug. 9, 1866; chil. Justin WrigM Glark, b. Mar. 31, 1827; Silns, Dickinson White,h. Dec. 11, 1828 ; Mary Eliza White, h. Sept. 29, 1830 ; Leuiis Edward Sikes, b. July 14, 1832, d. April 7, 1860; Edmond Bridges, b. July 31, 1834, d. Feb. 17, 1836 ; Edmond Bridges, b. Dec. 11, 1835, d. Oct. 12, 1861.* Allis, H ^bbakd S -. J liveg^jn S SiSteSteii^i"^' ^^ ""• '^^^' ■'■' ^^^^> Sibyl D. Bardwell, dau. of Chester, M. D. ; chil. O^pide ^ r^'^ff fe ^- Dee. 16, 1844, m. Oct. 18, 1871, Joseph Billing^ , "f uh^-Ml , Allis, Russell, 1777, son of Russell Allis, of Deerfield ; saddler and harness-maker; d. Mar. 7, 1835, aged 78.. He m. Sarah Edson, dau. of Jonathan; she d. Jan. 9, 1832, aged 75; chil. Boxa,}}. Feb. 24, 1776, ni. Lemuel Wait ; Sarah, b. Apr. 19, 1778, m. David Stockbridge ; Lara, b. Feb. 29, 1780, m. July 17, 1800, Joseph Smith ; Demis, b. Dec. 31, 1782, m. Jan. 13, 1703, Zebina Bartlett; Annis, b. Jan. 18, 1784; Polly, b. Apr. 1786, m. Jan. 5, 1809, Chester Belding. Allis, Daniei.,1 1785, wife Lydia, who d. Feb. 17, 1849, aged 86; chil. Moses, b. Sept 20, 1782; Daniel, b. Sept. 26, 1784, d! Jan. 11, 1818; Elestzer, b. July 17, 1786 ; Harris, b. Feb. 13, 1788 ; Osee, b. June 26, 1790 ; Eurotas, and Otus, twins, b. May 27, 1793 ; Austin, b. July 12, 1794; Pattyi, h. Sept. 30, 1795; Lydia, b. Oct. 11, 1797, m. Jan. 22, 1818, Justus Morton; Sophia, b. May 24, 1800; Eleazer, b. Sept. 23, 1803. Allis, Osee,2 m. Nov. 5, 1813, Ellis Mather, dau. of William; d. Mar. 6, 1819; chil. Austin, d. July 15, 1820; child, d. Jan. 25, 1821. Allis, Austin.s d. June 23, 1852. He m. (1) Semautha Sanderson, dau. of Elijah; m. (2) Elvira Warner, dau. of Job, of Williamsburg; chil. Adaline, b. Feb. 28, 1826, d. Jan 5, 1849; Frances; Luther; Louisa, m. Hiram M. Smith; Austin; Earnest, m. Flora Cutter; Josephine. Allis, Aaron, brother of Daniel, m. Apr. 14, 1791, Huldah Snow, dau. of Lemuel and Margaret. '- AsHOBAFT, John, was in Stonington, Ct., 1662. Ashckaft, Dasiel,i prob. grand-son of above, settled on Fisher's Island, soon after the Rev. War ; rem. to Guilford, Vt. ; captain ; rec'd a land-grant of 640 acres of land from the State of New York. Ashcraft, Johh,^ settled in Hadley, where his three older chil. were born ; then rem. to the homestead in Guilford, Vt. He ra. Clarissa Stockbridge, dau. of David and Patience, who d. Nov. 1, 1870, aged 80; chil. Susan C, h. Mar. 25, 1809, m. Shay lor Belden;- Elam ; Daniel; John; Ephraim ; Clarissa ;tSbilia ; David; Uriah; Elizabeth; Amarette; Amelia; Oharles. Asbcrapt, JoHN,3 of Whately and Hadley ; m. Elizabeth Smith, of Hadley; child, John. ' Ashcraft, DAViD,^ of Whately, m, Cynthia Cole, of Coleraine ; chil, Henrietta ; Henry. Bacon, Benjamiw,! 1775. From Killingly, Ct. ; lived in the Straits; d. Sept. 4, 1814, aged 87. His w. d. Sept. 23, 1820 ; chil. Perns, m. Nov. 5, 1777, Gad Scott; Abel; Philo, b. 1758; Jonathan; Benjamin; Bufus. Bacon, Phild.s He d. July 12, 1825. He m. Lucinda Smith, dau. of 199 Philip and Elizabeth ; she d. Aug. 29, 1835 ; chil. Lucretia, bap. Aug. 30, 1785, m. Aug. 6, 1801, Isaac Marsh; Electa, bap. Dec. 16, 1787, m. Apr. 27, 1808, Martin Woods; Lydia, bap. Sept. 24, 1786, m. Oct. 26, 1809, Reuben Hopkins. Bacow, Jdna'than,^ m. July 9, 1789, Betsey Wait. Bacon, Benjamiw,^ m. Apr. 14, 1788, Margaret Haine ; a carpenter ; worked for Jacob Walker in 1786. Baker, Edward, d. Oct. 10, 1848, aged 70. Baker, William, b. May 31, 1821, m. Nov. 17, 1840, Miriam P. Orcutt, dau. of Walter; chil. Isaac P., b. Deo. 19, 1843, m. Julia E. Nye, of Pall River; Louis Wright, b. Dec. 19, 1850. Bannister, John P., m. Apr. 22, 1852, Marietta Prary ; chil. Ida C, b. Mar. 17, 1853; Willie J., b. Sept. 1855; John F., b. Apr. 29, 1857. Bardwell, Robert, 1 was in London, learning the trade of hatter in 1665 ; came to Boston, 1670 ; serg't in command of one or more garrisons in the eastern part of the State, and in the fall of 1675 was sent from Bos- ton to carry instructions to the forces collected at Hadley, with orders that "if snow fell before he was ready to return, to remain through the winter." He returned to Boston, was in the Narragansett Pight, Dec. 19, , and the next day received £ 1 8 9s. for services that year. He prob. came to Hamp. Co. in Peb. 1676; was in the Palls' Pight, May 19; settled in Hatfield ; d. Jan 9, 1726. He m. Nov. 29, 1676, Mary Gull, dau. of William ; she d. Nov. 12, 1726 ; chil. Menezer, b. Oct. 19, 1679, m. Apr. 25, 1706, Mary Pield ; Mary ; John ; Samuel, b. Sept. 26, 1685, m. Martha Allen, and settled in Deerfield ; John, h. Aug. 1687; Elizabeth; Thomas, b. Dec. 8, 1691, m. Sarah Belding, and settled in Deerfield ; Hester, b. Aug. 8, 1693, m. Oct. 23, 1717, Joseph Belding; Barah; Thankful, m. May 23, 1717, Abram Graves ; Abigail, m. June 6, 1720, David Graves. Bakdwell, Ebenezeb,^ m. Apr. 25, 1206, Mary Pield. He d. July 13, 1732; chil. Ebenezer, b. Sept. 10, 1707; Hannah, b. June 24, 1709; Re- membrance, b. ab't 1713; Abigail, b. Oct. 14, 1721 ; per. others. Bakd- well, Ebenezer,3 lieut. in the Prench War; settled in the bounds of Whately, on the Deerfield foad, in 1735 or 6 ; in '52 or 3, built a house in the orchard south-west of Randall Graves's ; in '60, built the Gideon Dick- inson house; he d. Nov. 14, 1789; wife, Elizabeth; chil. Violet, b. Dec. 29, 1731; Ebenezer, h.JvLue 24, 1733; Elizabeth, b. Peb. 1735, m. Paul Belding; Perez, b. 1737; Samuel, b. 1739. Bardwell, Ebenezer.* He built a log-house in Claverack, near the corn-honae of Walter W. Bardwell, and as early as 1778 built the house now occupied by Walter W. ; d. Dec 31, 1818. He m. Sarah Tute, who d. Dec. 11, 1821, aged 87; chil. John, b. Peb. 17, 1761 ; Hannah, b. Oct. 16, 1763, d. young; Moses, b. Oct. 16, 1764, rem. to Vernon, Vt. ; Asa, b. Nov. 1, 1766; Hannah, b. 1768,%. Timothy Edson ; Consider, b. 1769, rem. to Hartford, Vt. ; Daniel, bap. Oct. 31, 1773, rem. to Tunbridge, Vt. Bardwell, Perez,* lieut.; (see p. 157) wife, Tabitha; chil. Polli/, bap. May 16, 1773 ; Waitstill, bap. May 28, 1775 ; Joel, bap. Oct. 19, 1779 ; per. others. 200 Bardwell, John,5 Ebeii'r^4 m. Mar. 5, 1792, Mary Rogers, and rem. to Holland Purchase, N. Y. BARowELii, Asa,^ lived on the jilace of his father; d. Mar. 4, 1846. He m. May 17, 1791, Mary Belding, dau. of Elisha, who d. Aug. 22, 1832 ; chil. Spiddy, b. Nov. 19, 1792, m. Justus Crafts; GJiester, b. Jan. 20, 1795; Betsey, h. Feb. 15, 1797. d. Apr. 24, 1832; Demis, b. Sept. 24, 1797; Sannah, b. Dec. 5, 1801, m. Justus Bardwell; Horace, b. Mar. 8, 1804. Bardwell, Dahiel,* m. Ruth Branch, of Tunbridge, Vt. ; chil. Justus, b. Sept. 8, 1799 ; Cyrus; William, b. Sept. 11, 1806; Hiram, b. Apr. 10, 1808, m. Zilpah Morton; HannaK, m. James Curtis ; Olive, m. Marcus Boston ; Daniel, m. Eliza Bruce ; JoJm H., m. Jane Slocum; Sarah, m. Joseph 'Pelton; Almira, m. Waldron Trask; Frank; Asa. , , Bardwell, Chester,^ Asa,^ lives near the old homestead in Claverack ; m. Mar. 26, 1839, Sally Porter, a. p. Bardwell, Horace,^ m. Sophia Bardwell, dau. of Moses. He d. July 6, 1863; she d. Jan. 28, 1828, s. p. Bakdwell, Justus,? Daniel,? m. Hannah Bardwell, dau. of Asa and Mary." He d. Jan. 9, 1864; she d. May 26, 1862; chil. Walter Wiliiam, b. July 27, 1827. Bardwell, Cyrus,^ a blacksmith; m. Jan. 1. 1827, Roxanna Wait, dau. of Lemuel and Roxa; chil. Almira C, b. Nov. 23, 1827, m. John Boyden ; Hannah Maria, b. Apr. 21, 1830, m. William Boyden. The fam. rem. to Chicago. Bardwell, William,6 lives in the Straits ; m. (1) July, 1827, Hannah Davis, dau. of Paul, who d. Oct. 11, 1870; m. (2) Aug. 9, 1871, Phebe Wood; chil. Charles D., b. May 4, 1829; George W., b. Sept. 22, 1832; John H., b. Aug. 23, 1834; Lucy B., b. Dec; 16, 1840, d. young; Simon D., b. June 1, 1844, di young; Mary Jane, b. Apr. 30, 1846, d. young; Hannah M., b. Dec. 30, 1848, d. young; Mary C, b. June 1, 1847, d. young. Bardwell, John H., 6 rem. to Belchertown. He m. Jane Slocum ; chil. Harriet 6lii>e, b. Oct, 28, 1850: Ida, b. 1852; Ernest,,)). 1857. Bardwell, Walter W.,^ Justus.^ lives on the old homestead in Clave- rack; m. Harriet L. Clark, of Cambridge, Vt. ; chil. Melvin Horaee^h. Feb. 9, 1852, d. young; Wilbur Fisk, b. Jan. 10, 1854; Chester Porter, b. Dec. 31, 1856, d. young; Horace, b. Jan. 28, 1869, d. young; Chester Porter, b. Jan. 8, 1863; Horace Melvin, b. June 30, 1867; Harriet Demis, b. Feb. 24, 1870. Bardwell, George W.,'' William.6 He d. in the army. He m. Sept 6*, 1863, Risphia Miller, b." July 22, 1829 ; chil. Lucy M., b. June 26, 1864 ; George W., b. Feb. 6, 1856. Bardwell, Bemembrance.s Ebenezer,^ Robert.i He m. Hannah Dickinson, dau. of Ebenezer ; chil. Sarah, b. Aug. 30, 1743 ; Noah, b. Apr. 28, 1748; Hannah, b. Aug. 4, 1750; Seth, b. Dec. 22, 1752, k. by lightning June 16, 1794. Bardwell, Noah,"* Remembrance^^ Before 1770, he built at the corner of roads west of the S. W. School-ho*e ; was lieut. ; d. Mar. 13, 1828. He m. Lucy Wait, b. Nov. 12, 1749, d. Sept. 11, 1833 ; chil. Orange, b. Oct. 4. 1769 ; Alinda, h. Mar. 11, 1771, m. Sept. 12, 1793, John Moors ; Clarissa, b. Jan. 26, 1773, d. Deo. 16, 1776 ; Chester, b. Sept. 1, 1774; Charles, b. Sept. 27, 1776 ; Cotton, b. Feb. 9, 1779 ; Noah, b. Feb. 4, 1781 ; Clarissa, 201 b. Dec. 23, 1782, m. Nov. 23, 1820, Silas Frary ; Lucinda and Aminta, twins, b. July 29, 1784 ; Justin, b. Nov. 2, 1786 ; GoUon, b. May 26, 1788; Justin, b. Apr. 3, 1790; Speneer, b. Dec. 19, 1792; iucy, b. Jan. 30, 1795. Bakdwbll, Orangb.s Lieut. Noah,* lived on Dry hill; d. May 23, 1843. He m. Feb. 23, 1796, Euphamie Mootc, dau. of Nathaniel and Jane ; she d. June 26, 1847, aged 76 ; chil. Spencer, b. Nov. 25, 1796 ; Susan, h. Mar. 15, 1798, m. Orrin Munyan ; Seth, b. Oct. 16, 1799 ; Jane, b. Oct. 27, 1801, m. Calvin Alexander; Annis, b. Sept. 18, 1803, m. Alvin Munson; John Moore, b. June 8, 1805; Betsey, b. Nov. 21, 1808, m. Otis Kingsley; Orange, b. Jan, 16, 1811; WiUiam,.h. Oct. 13, 1813; Euphamie, b. May 6, 1816, m. Frederick Taylor. Baedwbll, Chbster,^ Noah,* d. Mar. 22, 1859. He m. Eunice Bigelow, who d. Api'. 23, 1841 ; chil. Sarah, b. Mar. 29, 1799,' m. Giles Dickinson ; Julia, h. Mar. 22, 1801, m. Giles Dickinson ; Dency, b. Sept. 24, 1803, d. Nov. 2, 1846 ; Otis, b. Jan. 3, 1806 ; Halsey, b. July 18, 1808, d. young; Salsey, b. Oct. 28, 1810, m. Marietta Packard ; Chester, b. Feb. 6, 1812 ; Sherman, b. June 15, 1815 ; Eunice, b. Sept. 18, 1819, m. Caleb Crafts. Bardwell, Charles. 5 He d. Nov. 30, 1845. He m. (1) Jan. 23, 1800, Hannah Clark, dau. of Ebenezer, of Conway; b. Dec. 27, 1776, d. Mar. 20, 1817; m. (2) Apr. 25, 1819, Charlotte Leach, wh*d. June 23, 1861, aged 74; chil. Harriet, b. June 27, 1803, m. June 9, 1823, Theophilus Knight; Lincoln, b. Dec. 6, 1804; Mary A., h. Feb. 21, 1807, m. Nov. 22, 1824, Alvah Francis; Priscilla E., b. Dec. 9, 1808, m. June 1, 1827, William Stroud. Bardwell, JCSTIN.5 He d. Sept. 24, 1826. He m. Apr. 4, 1801, Esther Scott, dau. of David and Sarah, b. May 31, 1791, d. Apr. 7, 1872 ; chil. son, b. and d. Apr. 17, 1812; Sophia, b. June 10, 1814, ra. Harvey Moor; Hannah, and Sarah, twins, b. Aug. 17, 1816; Edwin, b. Aug. 18, 1819; Charles, b. June 2, 1822, d. young; Olive, b. Sept. 26, 1824, d. Aug. 17, 1848. Bardwell, Cotton.5 He d. June 11, 1826. He m. Fanny Allis, wid. of Daniel, Jr., and dau. of Heman Swift; he d. Feb. 28, 1846, aged 57 ; chil. Maria, b. Oct. 30, 1812 ; Fidelia, b. Apr. 23, 1814, m. July 3, 1834, James Moor; Laurette, b. July 5, 1816, m. Otis Moor. Bakdwbll, Spbncer,6 Orange,^ m. Aug. 22, 1822, Sophia Scott, dau. of David and Sarah; chil. Electa, b. June 27, 1823, m. Horace McKinney; Alvin 0., b. Oct. 22, 1824; Sarah E., b. May 27, 1826; Jennette C, b. June 26, 1829, m. William A. Nash ; Esther M., b. Feb. 26, 1831,' m. Bernard Hastings; Fanny W., b. Mar. 6, 1833, m. David Scott; Charles S., b. Aug. 5, 1835; Orange and Euphamie, twins, b. Mar. 31, 1837; Francis 0.,h. July 13, 1842. Bardwell Sbth;6 captain; selectman; rep.; a woolen- manufacturer. He m. Sept. 16, 1825, Sophia Pratt, dau. of Daniel and Margaret ; chil. Washington H., b. Oct. 2, 1826; Dviight Foster, b. Dec. 25, 1827; Ransom Pratt, b. Aug. 26, 1829; Lucelia Amelia, b. Oct. 29, 1830 ; Mary Ann, b. June 29, 1838, m. Henry P. Brigga ; William Henry Harrison, b. Nov. 29, 1840. Bardwell, John M.,6 lived on Dry Hill; rem. to Conway. He ra. Oct. 9, 1834, Samantha Perry; chil. Oem-ge W., b. July 22, 183S; Betsey Ann, b. Dec. 12, 1837, AA > 202 m. Whitney Hill ; Mdriette, h. Oct. 11, 1839, m. Hiram Graves; Dvdght PT., b. Mar. 21, 1842, d. in hospital at Newbern, N. C, Nov. 1864; Orange, b. Feb. 22j 1844, k. in battle of the Wilderness, May 6, 1864 ; Euphamie, b. June 9, 1845, m. FranklinWeston. Bardwell, Otio,6 Chester,* m. Mar. 25, 1829, Maria Bardwell, dan. of Cotton and Fanny ; chil. Cofton, b. Nov. 11, 1837.; Laurette, b. Apt. 5, 1841, m. George W. Moor; Diana B., b. June 4, 1843, m. May 9, 1861, Nelson H. Damon; Eenry W.,h. July 17, 1849; DwrgU, b. May 19, 1850; Olive, b. Nov. 15, 1852. Bardwell, Che8Ter,6 m. May 7, 1835, Luoinda Mather, dau. of Joseph and Adency. He d. June 5, 1866; chil. Amelia E., b. Jan. 24, 1836, m. Frank Jennings; Martha M., b. Oct. 1, 1837, m. Oscar Akers; Cordelia 8., b. July 24, 1839, m. Frank Vaughn; Justin, b. May 24, 1841; Eiram, b. Mar. 9, 1843; James, b. Sept. 2, 1846, m. Emma J. Bardwell; LuannaE., b. Sept. 26, 1847, m. John M. Crafts; Sarah Jane, h. Jan. 15, 1850, ra. Charles H. Manchester ; Watson, b. Jan, 28, 1852; Althea D., b. May 27, 1854; Mary Ella, b. Mar. 20, 1859. Bardwell, Sheeman,^ d. Mar. 4, 1856. He m. July 22, 1841, Pamelia Howard, b. Dec. 12, 181*1 chil. Elisha S., b. Apr. 21, 1842; Elijah &., h. May 3, 1843 ; Eunice B., b. May SO, 1844, d. Mar. 9, 1868 ; Mary 0., b. Dec. 8, 1846; Sherman B., b. Sept. 16, 1849. Bardwbll, Lincoln,^ Charles; 5 manufacturer ;*lives in Stafford, Ct., m. Sept. 17, 1832, Ann Jennings; she d. Sept. 15, 1857, aged 45; chil. Mary O., b. Feb. 7, 1834, m. James C. Cross, (grand-child, Anna B.,b. Aug. 31, 1858). Bardwell, Edwin,^ Justin; 5 selectman; rep.; m. Aug. 13, 1846, Artemisia A. Munson, dau. of John ; chil. Emma Josephine, b. Mar. 14, 1850, m. James Bardwell; Charles Edwin, b. July 9, 1854. Bardwell, Francis G.,'' Spencer.s m. Oct. 27, 1864, Martha E. Moor ; chil. Charles A., b. Oct. 19, 1865 ; Frank 0., b. Aug. 14, 1867 ; Daniel S., b. Mar. 5, 1869 ; James S., b. Dec. 4, 1870. Bardwell, Washington H.,''' Capt. Seth,^ m. Susan C. Benham, of New Haven, Ct. ; chil. Frank Edgar, b. Sept. 1, 1853 ; Fred. H., b. Oct. 24, 1856, d. Feb. 21, 1864; Elmer Ellsworth, b. July 29, 1861, d. Oct. 9, 1863. Bardwell, Dwight F.,7 m. Nov. 21, 1850, Sarah, B. Dickinson, dau. of Giles ; chil. Ella J., b. Oct. 20, 1851 ; Ida E., b. Mar. 26, 1854; Emory D., b. Dec. 1, 1855; Arthur F., b. Dec. 24, 1861; Sarah A., b. . Feb. 13, 1865, d. July 15, 1865; Flora C, b., Sept. 26, 1863. . Bard- well, Ransom P.,'' m. Oct. 15, 1852, Sophia H. Bardwell, dau. of Ches-^ ter, M. D. ; chil. Emory Wallace, b. July 21, 1854; Alice &., b. June 9, 1859; Louis, b. May 25, 1861; Benson; Henry, b. Jan. 1864; Hattie Pratt, b. Sept. 8, 1868; Ransom Pratt, b. Mar. 19, 1871. BAKDWELLi William H. H.,'? m. Jan. 5, 1864, Mary E. Bartlett, dau. of Spencer, b. Aug. 7, 1845 ; chil. Lena A., b. Apr. 8, 1865 ; Lillie B., b. Nov. 7, 1867, d. Sept. 6, 1868 ; Lillie Cora, b. Dec. 6, 1869. Bardwell, Gborgb W.,'' John M.,6 m. (1) May 15, 1859, Anna Hus- sey Morton, adopted dau. of Almira Morton, b. Sept. 23, 1839; she d. Nov. 20, 1868. He m. (2) Jane F Stowell, dau. of Dea. Cyrus A. ; chil. 203 Conrad Myron, b. Oct. 9, 1860 ; James Sosmer, b. Oct. 9, 1865 ; Qeorge Dwight, b. July 29, 1866.' Bardwell, Cotton,'' Otis,6m. Jan. 28, 1857, Lucy A. Brooker, of Greenfield, b. Mar. 4, 1833 ; chil. Edward W., b. May 13, 1859 ; Victor D., b. Oct. 15, 1864 ; Homer Leon, b. May 30, 1869. Bardwell, Hbnry W.,'' m. Fidelia A. Cooley, dau.'of Eleazer F., of Hatfield. Bardwell, Hiram,' Ghester,^ m. Feb. 14, 1866, Etta Moody, dau. of Joseph, of Granby ; chil. Carrie Josephine, b. Mar. 17, 1868 ; Edgar Moody, b. Nov. 21, 1869 ; Emma Louisa, b. Aug. 8, 1871. Bardwell, Chester, M. D.,5 Obadiah,* Joseph,^ John,^ Robert,i b. Feb. 22, 1787, at Heath ; son of Obadiahand Mehitable (Smith), of Belcber- town^ the family rem. from Heath to Williamstown ; he ent. Williams Coll. ; stud: bis profession with Dr. John Hastings, of Hatfield ; settled in Whately, 1816; rep.; senator; d. May 14, 1864. He m. Aug. 28, 1817, Mary Hastings, dau. of Dr. John; chil. John H., b. Sept. 21, 1818, d.'Sept. 18, 1848; Sibyl D., b. Sept. 4, 1820; Clarissa S., h. Sept. 20, 1823; Charles 0. P., b. July 21, 1825 ; Mary, b. June 8, 1827, d. Oct. 27, 1862 ; Sophia E., b. Mar»7, 1829 ; Martha A., b. Apr. 15, 1833, d. 1865. Bardwell, Charles C. F.,^ m. Jan. 2, 1850, Sarah Ann Dickinson, dau. of Eurotas ; chil. John Hastings, b. Jan. 5, 1851, d. Oct. 18, 1851 ; Ellen Hastings, b. Sept. 16, 1852, d. Aug. 21, 1853 ; Henry D. ; Clara. Bardwell, William Fredbrick,^ Amasa,5 Ebenezer,* Samuel,^ Sam- uel, ^ liobert,! b. Nov. 21, 1806; pocket-book manufacturer; m. June 22, 1834, Martha S. Wait, dau. of John and Catharine; chh. Mary A., b. Feb. 24, 1835, m. June 3, 1858, Henry Lym3.a;Abby M., b. June 13, 1838, m. Nov. 12, 1862, Thomas Sanderson; Frank D., b. May 8, 1842, d. Mar. 23, 1871. Barnard, Francis,! was in Hartford, Ct., 1644; a maltsttr; settled in Hadley, 1660. He m. (1) Aug 15, 1644, Hannah ; m. (2) 1677, Frances, wid. of John Dickinson, and dau. of Nathaniel Foote. Barnard, Joseph,^ rem. to Deerfield; d. Sept. 6, 1695, from wounds received of Indians. He m. Deo. 19, 1675, Sarah Strong, dau. of Elder John, of Northampton. Barnard, John,3 b. at Deerfield, Nov. 19, 1676 ; a physician; d. March 6, 1726. He m. Jan. 13, 1701, Bridget Cook. Barnard, Joseph*, b. at Deerfield, Jan. 1, 1720; rem. to Sunderland; bought the Capt. Oliver Shattuck place, in Deerfield, now Whately, 1787. He m. Nov. 1, 1749, Esther Church, dau. of Benjamin; chil. Ebenezer, b. Oct. 2, 1752; Hannah, b. Dec. 15, 1754; Mpses, b. Feb. 13, 1757; Joseph, b. Aug. 26, 1759. Barnard, Ebbnbzer,^ lived on the Homestead; d. Deo. 6, 1827. He m. Lydia Clark, of Sunderland; she d. Sept. 17, 1826, aged 76 ; chil. Ebenezer, b. July 2, 1777 ; Elihu, b. 1779, m. Electa Cooley ; WiUiam, b. 1782 ; Justus, b. 1784, m. Dency Ingraliam, of Amherst. Barnard, Ebenezer,6 d. Nov. 5, 1837. He m. Feb. 13, 1805, Sophia Quinn; she d. Aug. 11, 1858, aged 84; chil. Fidelia, b. Apr. 18, 1806, d. Sept. 24, 1822 ; Sophia, b. Sept. 1, 1807, m. Oct. 10, 1860, Willard Starks; Orexia, b. Jan. 25, 1809, d. Jan. 2, 1848; Lydia, b. Jan. 25, 1811, m, Almoret Stebbins ; Electa, b. Jan. 23, 1813, d. Feb. 23, 1851 ; 204 Francis U., b. Jan. 22, 1815, m Nov. 10, 18i6, Harriet Brown; Calisia, b. Jan. 2, 1817, d. Mar. 21, 1838. Barnard, William,6 d. Mar. 30, 1837. He m. Dec. 20, 1810, Ruth Dickinson, dau. of Gideon; slie d. Dec. 10, 1844; chil. Theodore, b. Oct. 1811, d. Feb. 14, 1827; Luther, h. Jan. 12, 1813; Walter ani William, twins, b. Apr. 17, 1817; William d.' Aug. 3, 1817; Persis, b. Mar. 25, 1821, d. Mar. 10, 1844. Barnard, Walter,7 William,^ m. Nancy Bigelow ; she d. Oct. 10, 1864; chil. Mary Jane, b. Dec. 7, 1862, d. Oct. 1864; William, b. Sept. 6, 1854. Barron, J., tavern-keeper; d. Apr. 3, 1846, aged 36; wife, Almira Munson. ^ Bartlett, Henry.i Bartlett, Daniel,^ Hadley ; m. {l)Nov. 16, 1777, Elizabeth Smith; (2) Feb. 3, 1784, Deborah Ferguson. Bartlett, Zebina,3 settled in Whately on the Joseph Belding place ; carpenter and bridge-builder; d. Nov. 9, 1862,- aged 82. He m. Jan. 13, 1803, Demis AUis, dau. of Russell; she d. Mar. 9, 1863; chil. Ahin, b. Oct. 1, 1803, d. Aug. 28, 1863 ; Sarah, b. Jan. 7, 1805, m. E. H. Wood» TrypKena, b. Nov. 10, 1806, m. Hiram Smith ; Maria, b. Feb. 16, 1810, m. Franklin Hoyt; Elizabeth S., b. Jan. 11, 1817, m. Abraham B. Smith; Zebina W., h. Mar. 18, 1819; Lovisa Demis, b. July 24, d. Nov. 26, 1831. Bart- lett, Samuel,3 b. Apr. 23, 1785, m. Aug. 2, 1810, Sophia Smith, dan. of Gad and Irene; chil. Dwight Smith, b. Dec. 17, 1810; Lewis, b. Sept. 26, 1812, in. Lestina E. Darling; Samuel. Dwight, b. Feb. 1, 1817; Oeorge Smith, b. Apr. 12, 1822 ; Charles Dexter, b. May 31, 1824. Bartlett, Waterman,3 b. Feb. 20, 1799 ; a blacksmith ; m. Apr. 24, 1822, Melinda E. Bardwell, dau. of Moses, b. Aug. 5, 1795; chil. Elizabeth H., b. Nov. 13, 1822;'VeZin(ia-E;., b. Mar. 6, 1825; Alonzo W., b. Mar. 20, 1827, d. Sept. 3, 1828 ; Alonzo W., b. Jan. 31, 1829. Bartlett, Zebina W.,* Zebina,^ a carpenterf d. Oct. 28, 1868. He m. Mar. 24, 1844, Electa Billings Smith, dao. of SetTi; chil. George Dwight, b. May 19, 1845; Albert, b. Oct. 12, 1847; Somer, b. Sept. 7, 1849; infant, b. Jan. 13, 1863; Electa Maria, b. May 3, 1866, d. young. Bartlett, Lewis,* Samuel.^ d. Jan. 14, 1842. He m. Apr. 19, 1835, Lestina E. Darling; chil. George D., b. Jan. 9, 1837; Leiois D., b. Mar. 11, 1841, d. May 3, 1842. Baetlett, Samuel DwiGaT,4 lives in North Hatfield; m. Louisa Cooley, dau. of Lemuel; she d. June 23, 1869; chil. Arthur D., b. May 14, 1844; Lemuel Gooley, b. June 29, 1846, d. Feb. 22, 1849 ; Esther Sophia, b. Mar. 13, 1850, d. Jan. 20, 1853 ; Frank Cooley, b. Aug. 7, 1852; Lemuel Elmer, b. July 26, 1863. Bartlett, Charles D.,* lives in North Hatfield; m.May 3, 1853, Lovina Langdon, dau. of Amaziah; chil. Alice Lestina, b. Apr. 24, 1854. Bartlett, George Dwight,^ Zebina W.,* lives on the homestead; m. May 17, 1869, Mary Jane Wood, dau. of Hiram and Susan B. Bates, Rev. Lemuel P., b. in Blandford ; the fam. rem. soon after to Southampton; d. at Alton, 111., Mar. 8, 1860. He m. Jan. 14, 1823, 205 Eunice Edwards, dau. of Dea. Elisha and Anna (Bates) Edwards, of Southampton ; she d. July 20, 1854, aged 59, s. p. Beals, Sbth.i Beals, Caleb,^ of Conway; m. Dorothy Scott. Beals, CALBB,3b. Sept. 15, 1786 ;■ settled in Whately; m. Apr. 10, 1811, Try- _phenaStarks, dau. of John, b. Mar. 29, 1789; chil. Benjamin F., b. Deo. il, 1812; Flavilla, b. Sept. 14, 1816; Dorothy, b. Dec. 28, 1818, m. Austin Lee; JvlioCA., b. June 8, 1825, m. Dec. 26, 1848, Henry Haskell; Willard N., b. Sept. 20, 1829 ; Jennette A., b. Sept. 25, 1831, m. May 15, 1861, Joseph C. Wing. Beals, Willard N.,4 m. (1) May 13, 1857, Beulah C. Wells, dau. of Lewis ; m. (2) Mar. 13, 1865, Fidelia A. Bryant; chil. Mary Elnora, b. June 30, 1858; Lewis Wells, b. May 13, 1862 ; Minerviola, b. June 5, 1863 ; Louis Willard. Beckwith, Ezekiel, from New London, Ct., b. Aug, 3, 1792. Beck- wiTH, Philo, (bro. of above,) d. March 11, 1808. Beldbn, Bbldin, Belding. This name is variously spelled, in both earlier and later records. As a rule, in these pages, the custom of each family is followed. Bblding, Richard, i was in Wethersfield, Ct., 1640; in 1650, had grant of land in New London. Bblding, SAMnEL,^ b. in England; rem. from Wethersfield to Hatfield, 1661; d. Jan. 3, 1713. He m. (1) Mary , who was k. by the Ind., Sept. 19, 1677 ; m. (2.) June 25, 1678, Mary, wid. of Thomas Wells, who d. Sept. 20, 1691; m. (3) Mary, dau. of Thomas Meekins, and wid. of John Allis ; m. (4) April 10, 1705, Sarah, wid. of John Wells.- Bblding, Stephen,^ b. in Wethersfield, Deo. 28, 1658 ; lived in Hat- field, d. Oct. 6, 1720. He m. Aug. 16, 1682, Mary Wells, dau. of Thomas, b. Sept. 8, 1664, who m. (2) Jan. 2, 1723, .Capt. Joseph Field, of North- , field. Belding, Joshua,* lived in Hatfield ; d. Feb. 1738. He m. Dec. 1, 1725, Sarah Field, dau. of John ;' she m. (2) Thomas Noble, of Westfield, and d. Aug. 17, 1763, aged 61 ; chil. Stephen, b. Sept. 26, 1726 ; Lucy, b. March?, 1729; Sarah, unin. ; Joshua, b. Oct. 29, 1733; Elisha, b. Mar. 28, 1736 ; Jajiez, b. April 10, 1738. Beldin, Joshua,^ Joshua,* Stephen,^ Samuel,^ Richard,! he settled in Whately, 1765, on the place now owned by Dea. Elihu Belden ; d. Sept. 20, 1805. He m. Anna Fitch, dau. of Joseph, of E. Windsor, Ct. ; b. 1738, d. Nov. 8, 1819. (She was sister of John Fitch, inventor of the first steamboat built in America.) Chil. Stephen, b. April 19, 1758, d. young; Anna, b. Feb. 15, 1760; Anna, b. July 22, 1761, m. Elihu Smith, of Sunderland ; Lucy, b. Feb. 17, 1763, m. John Bell, of Green- field; Irena, b. Oct 18, 1764; Joshua, b. June 17, 1766; Irena, b. Oct. 18, 1764, m. Feb. 12,1792, John Hibbard, of No. Hadley; Stephen, b. Mar. 6, 1771 ; Augustus, b. Feb. 28, 1773 ; Francis, b. Sept. 15, 1775 ; Reuben, b. Jan. 3, 1778; Seth, b. Feb. 12, 1780; Aaron, b. Jan. 22, 1782. Belden, Joshtja,* Joshua,^ lived near Hatfield line ; d. Dec. 29, 1849 . He m. July 16, 1787, Anna Morton, dau. of Elisha; chil. Elijah, b. June 7, 1790 ; Submit, b. Jan. 20, 1792 ; a noted weaver, d. Sept. 25, 1847 ; 206 Anna, b. Dec. 20, 1794, m. Jeremiah Belding; Content and Naomi, twins; b. Dec. 19, 1796 ; Sophia, b. July 5, 1798, m. Benj. Dane ; Matilda, h. Aug. 26, 1810, m. Bryant Nutting; Joshua, b. May 13, 1804, m. Rosetta Cooley; Naomi, b. Aug. 5, 1806, m. Mayhew Winch; Caleb, b. Aug. 5^ 1811. . • Bblden, Stephbn,6 Joshua,5 a carpenter; built the Belden Tavern |^ rem. to Hadley ; m. Feb. 10, 1796, Abigail Hibbard, dau. of George and Lydia. He d. 1831 ; chil. Martha, bap. Feb. 6, 1797, m. Albert Jones ; Abigail, bap. May 4, 1800, m. Chester Osborne; Mary, m. Horace Smith; Mdinda, bap. Mar. 31, 1805, m. Zechariah Hawley ; Lucinda, bap. Feb. 28, 1808, m. Allen ; Esther, bap. May 6, 1810; Miranda, d. 1831. Belden, . ATJGUSTtrs,6 Joshua,^ d. July 3, 1816. He m. June 10, 1802, Kata Weeks, dan. of Thomas and Mercy, of Goshen; she m. (2) Sept. 6. 1827, Liberty Bowker, of Savoy, Mass. ; chil. Maria, m. Stearns ; George Weeks, bap. June 16, 1805, m. Bobbins ; Pamdia, b. Sept. 18, 1808, m. Kinsley Swift; Eliza, bap. June 23, 1811, m. Jacob Bowker; A/wgustus, bap. Aug. 31, 1814. Belden, Feancis,^ Joshua,^ d. Nov. 30, 1858. He m. Nov. 26, 1797, Ruth Coleman, dau of Nathaniel ; she d. June 8, 1847; chil. Electa, \>. Mar. 13, 1798, m. Feb. 13, 1816, Richard T.Morton; ShaylorF.,h. Feb. 7, 1800 ; Asmath, b. April 7, 1802, m. Mar. 19, 1819, Moses H. Leonard; Aurdia, b. Mar. 20, 1805, m. Carlos Swift; Elvira, b. June 9, 1807, m. Solomon Mosher; Boxanna, b. ]yiayl5, 1811, m. Manley Rowe; Alfred, b. Aug. 17, 1813. Belden, Rbuben,^ Joshua,^ lived on the homestead; rem. to North /Hatfield; d.. June 27, 1864. He m. (1) Sept. 26, 1802, Sally Locke, of Deerfield; her father had lived near Locke's Pond, in the north part of Shutesbury ; was an officer in the Rev. Army, and d. at Williamstown f she d. Oct. 12, 1806, aged 32. He m. (2) April 2, 1807, Hannah Hibbard, of Hadley, dau. of George and Lydia [Allen, dau. of Joseph,. and sister of Col. Ethan], b. Mar. 29, 1790, d. April 1, 1845. He m. (3) Jan. 1846, Anna Burnham, dau. of Reuben and Chloe (Fitch) Burnham, b. at Hart- land, Ct., Sept. 20, 1778; appointed missionary to the Choctaw Indians, Dec. 1821 ; left the service of the A. B. C. F. M., Mar. 1845 ; d. Sept. 18, 1847. He m. (4) July 25, 184'8, Lura Woodrufif, who survived him; chil. son, b. and d. Feb. 6, 1808 ; Julia, b. Sept., 9, 11809, m. Mar. 1828, Zebina Smith; Sally L., b. Oct. 13, 1812,. m. Nov. 25, 1831, Alvin S. Hall, d. May 8, 1847 ; Lucy, b. Mar. 3, 1814, m. June 2, 1831, Solomon Mosher; Hannah, b. May 26, 1816, m. Mar. 22, 1838, Calvin B. Marsh, of Hadley, d. June 29., 1843; Electa, b. April 3, 1818, m. May 6, 1840, Austin S. Jones; Reuben H., b Jajj. 25, 1820 ; Diana, b. Feb. 19, 1822, m. May 26, 1846, Joseph H. Knight, d. Feb. 26, 1856 ; Elihu, b. Feb. 4, 1824. Belden, Seth,6 Joshua,* d. Jan. 20, 1851. He m. Nov. 8, 1807, Rachel Lewis, dau. of Noadiah, b. Sept. 3, 1783, d. Sept. 16, 1843; chil. Eemry, b. Aug. 30, 1808 ; Caroline, b. Mar. 3, 1811, d. July 23, 1816 ; LmU F., b. Jan. 15,, 1813, d. Feb. 7,. 1813; Vesta S., h. May 24, 1814, 207 m. Dec. 3, 1835, Calvin Monroe; Leims,: b. Nov. 5, 1816; Stephen, b. Dec. 30, 1818 ; Caroline, h. Dec. 18, 1820, m. Dec. 2, 1845, Lemuel G. Harris; Seth, b. July 14, 1822, d. Jan. 13, 1826; son, b. and d. May 30, 1825. ®ELDBN, AARON,^*Joshua,5 lived on the homestead ; rem. to Amherst; d. Feb. 24, 1859. He m. (1) Aug. 28, 1806, Sarah Hibbard, dau. of George and Lydia, b. Mar 12, 1786, d. Deo. 10, 1842. He m. (2) July, 1848, Achsah Field, wid. of Heman, of Leverett, and dau. of Daniel Abbot, of Hadley ; chil. Eufus, b. July 28, 1807, d. Jan. .81, 1809; Bufus H., b. Jan. 26, 1809; M. D. ; m. Henrietta Howland, d. April 29, 1870; Pome- roy, b. Mar. 15, 1811 ; Fanny, b. May 4, 1813, d. Nov. 24, 1814; Farmy H., b. July 14, 1815, m. Darius R. Lathrop ; Sarah Ann, b. July 20, 1817, m. Rev. Lucius R. Eastman; CUoe Bumham, b. Dec. 9, 1819, m. Rev. Rufus P. Wells ; Mary, b. April 1, 1822, m. Rev. Josiah H. Temple. Bblden, Shayloe F.,' Francis.^ ra. Mar. 1, 1838, Susan Ashcraft, dan. of John and Clarissa, b. Mar. 25, 1809 ; chil. Alfred S., b. Jan. 31, 1839 ; Lizzie S., b. Jan. 11, 1843; Frank W., b. Dec. 7, 1849; Imogene, b. Sept. 8, 1851. BxLDEN, Alfred,'' Francis,^ lives on his father's homestead ; m. June 13, 1849, Marianne Phelps, dau. of Charles P., b. Sept 13, 1810; child, Charles P. P., h. Oct. 28, 1850, d. Jan. 30, 1851. Belden, Reuben H.,' Reuben,^ lived on the old homestead in Whately ; rem. to No. Hatfield; m. Oct. 6, 1842, Sarah N. Loomis, dau. of J. C, and Electa; chil. Hannah Almira, b. Oct. 5, 1843; Beuben, b. July 8, 1845, m. Nov. 19, 1870, Ellen M. Stearns, of Conway ; Sarah Elizabeth, b, Sept. 11, 1847, d. Nov. 16, 1865; QeorgeE., b. Sept. 5, 1850; William Howard, b. Dee. 28, 1852; Ber6er< 5i66asrd!, b. June 2, 1855 ; Clarence Eugene, b. Jan. 29, 1859. Bbldbn, Elihu,'' Rouben,6 lives on the old homestead; m. Nov. 20i 1845, Roxana Leonard, dau. of Moses H., b. July 13, 1828, d. Sept. 4, 1870 ; chil. Henrietta Asenaih, b. Jan. 7, 1847, d. Sept. 8, 1847 ; Franklin Day, b. July 11; 1848; Elihu Leonard, b. Aug. 13, lio\.;Channing Snow, b. Sept. 14, 1854 ; William Clifford, b. May 30, 1858 ; Bufus Howland, b. Aug. 29, 1860; Albert Matson, b. June 22, 1867; son, b. Sept. 3, 1870, d. Sept. 6, 1870. Belden, Hbnrv,' Seth,6 d. Jan. 1856. He m. Hannah Loveland, of Hinsdale ; chil. Maria ; Polly Amelia ; Henry, b, July, 1836 ; Seth, k. in battle of Winchester, Va. ; Caroline, m. Henry Brown, of Northampton • Charles; James; Thomas, b. 1856. Belden, Lewis,' Seth," m. May 20, 1840, Judith Marshall, dau. of 'Samuel; chiL Samuel M., b. Sept. 13, 1841, m. July 17, 1866, Mary Soden ; Ndlie, b. Dec. 10, 1843, m. Dec. 23, 1869, Frank E. Parkinton ; Kate Bose, b. May 4, 1846, m. Feb. 28, 1866, Thomas Soden ; Stephen L., b. Oct. 17, 1848 ; Carrie Blanche, b. Sept., 1851, m. Mar. 8, 1871, Warren H. Tead ; Mavd Augusta, b. April 28, 1864. Belden, Stephen,'' Seth,« lives in the Straits ; m. (1) Oct. 7, 1841, Miriam W. Brown, dau. of Joseph, who d. July 25, 1856 ; m. (2) March 208 3, 1857, Martha G. Healy, dau. of Seth; of Chesterfield ; chil. Edward W., b. Nov. 7, 1843; Mary Bllm, b. Aug' 7, 1848; Martha A., b. Nov. 7, 1851 ; Miriam Sophia, b. June 20, 1856 ; Ada Louisa, b. Jane 22, 1869. Belden, PoMEROlr,' Aaron,6 (see ante p. 117.) He m. (1) Dec^S, 1836, Louisa Tenney^,' wTio d. April 9, 1840 ; m. (2) June 1, 1841, Miranda Smith, b, Aug. 24, 1816, d. Sept. 29, 1848; chil. James Pomeroy, b. Oct. 1, 1837 ; daughter, b. Mar. 28, 1840, d. April 16, 1840 ; ioMisa Miranda, b. May 2^, 1846. Bhlden,, ALFBEiD S ,8 Shaylor,''' m. April 17, 1861, Lucy A. Sanderson, dau. of J. C, and Julia ; chil. Edmund Allis, b. Feb. 16, 1862 ; Allen, M., b. Aug. 21, 1866. Bblden, FKAifKLiN D.,8 Elihu,'' m. Oct. 12, 1871, Mary Elizabeth White, dau. of Samuel B., and Experience. Belden, Thomas, 8 Henry,''' m: Feb. 22, 1870, Lucy A. Lamb, dau. of Samuel R., and Lucy ; 'chil. Gharles Henry, b. Dec. 31, 1870. Belding, Eeisha;5 Joshua,* Stephen,^ Samuel.^ Richard, i Before 1771 he built on Chesnut Plain street, near where J. A. Elder now liveS ; d. Aug. 2, 1808. He m. Ruth Dickinson, dau. of Benoni; she d. July- 12, 1825, aged 84 ; chil. Elisha, b. Mar. 23, 1765 ; Mary, b. Nov. 8, 1766, m. Asa Bardwell; David, b. May 2, 1769; Sarah, b. Apr. 15, 1772; Mercy, b. Dec. 15, 1774; Dickinson, b. Sept. 2, 1777, d. Mar. 1, 1778 ; Dichirisoni h. June 16, 1778. ' Belding, EtiSHA,6 Elisha.s d: Feb. 1838. He m. Feb*9, 1796, Abi- gail Sheldon Kellogg, dau. of Moses, bap. Nov. 4, 1768; she d. Mar. 28, 1851; chil. Edwin, h. Dec. 27, 1796; Preston, b. Aug. 25, 1800; Allen, Aug. 27, 1802; William, b. June 20, 1804; Moses Kellogg, b. Dec. 30, 1806; J'osq)h, b. Sept. 3, 1807; Mary S., b. Nov. 17, 1810, m. Austin Crafts ; David, h. Mar. 7, 1813. Belding, David,* Elisha.s m. June 1, 1793, Content Farnum, and rem. from town ; chil. Dennis, b. 1793. Belding, Dickinson,'' Elisha,^ d. Oct. 10, 1855. He m. Marsena .Thatcher, of Cheshire, who d; June 20, 1867, aged 83; chil. Dorus, b. Oct. 1814, unm. ; Dennis, b. Aug. 1816, probably d. in Seminole war, in Florida; Asa P., b; June, 1818; Willard M.,.h. Sept. 18, 1820; Heinan F., b. Feb. 7, 1822; Sophia D., b. Dec. 1824, m. Heman S.'Virifng'; Ruth, b. Mar. 1826, d. May 25, 1868. Belden, Allen,'' Elisha,° m. Dee. 2, 1830, Aurelia Crafts, dau. of Thomas; she d. April 11, 1867; chil. Edwin M., b. Apr. 14, 1831; Ro- dolphus A., b. June 21, 1833; Frederick M., b. Jaii. 15, 1835 ; Elizabeth Muzzey, adopted child, b. Oct. 1832, ra. Oliver S. Vining. *• 'Belden, William, 7 Elisha,"; -ra. Sept. 10,1828, Salome Cummings ; chil. Dudley S., b. July 4, 1831 ; Minerva M., b. July 9, 1834, m. Feb. 24, 1854, Ebeii. Anderson; Laura F., b. Mar. 17, 1836, m. George M. Crafts; Henry C, b. May 1, 1839; Edgar W., b. Aug. 29, 1841; AlheH E., b. Nov. 18. I8ib; George W.,h. Oct. 23, 1848, d. Mar. 7, 1854; Charles E., b. Feb. 7, 1863. 209 Belden, Moses K.,'' Elisha.s rem. to Rushville, 111. ; d. May 24, 1867. He m. Mary Ann ; chil. William, Edwin ; Maria S. ; Alonzo ; Charles A- ; Florence. ■ Belden-, David.t Elisha.s d. Sept. 10, 1854. He ra. (1) Nov. 10, 1842, Tryphena Crafts, dau. of Thomas; she d. Dec. 21, 1842; m. (2 Maria Hastings, of Wilmington, Vt., child, Mlrwra. Bblden, Dbnkis,7 David.s d. Aug." 1870. He m. Sally ; chil. Sarah, b. 1818, m. Timothy Miller; Mary Arm, b. 1819, m. Reaben Miller; David I., b. 1821, m. Hattie A. Buckman; Laura, b. 1823, m. Robert Dixon; Imeg, b. 1835, m. Uriah Wallace; -JBlisha, b. 1837; a sailor., Belden, Asa P.,'' Dickinson.^ was drowned in Conn. River, Apr. 14, 1847.. He m. Dec. 15, 1842, Eliza A. Gould, dau. of Isaac; chil. tennis, .Sophia. Beldex, Willabd M.,'' Dickinson,* rem. to Belchertown. He m. (1) May 21, 1846, Lucinda Jewett ; she d. Apr. 6, 1863 ; m. (2) Feb. 2, 1865, Risphia A., wid. of George W. Bardwell; chil. Clarence E., b. Oct. 31, ,1848, d. young; Frank W., b. Nov. 28, 1852, d. young; Frank W.,\>. Apr. 14, 1855, d. young; Willard E., b. Apr. 2, 1866. Beldek, Heman F.,' Dickinson,* m. wid. Julia A. (Hart) Graves; chil. Adaline, b. Apr. 13, 1857; Emetine, b. July 18, 1862. Beldbs, Edwin M.,S Allen,'' m. Oct. 15, 1855, Mary H. Crafts, dau. of Martin; she d. July 12, 1866; chil. Allen M., b. May 3, 1857, d. young; Frederick Allen, b. Apr. 30, 1858 ; Aurdia, b. June 27, 1859 ; Edwin David, h. Aug. 30, 1861 ; George Preston, b. Nov. 17, 1862, d. young. Beldbjj, Rodolphus A.,8 Allen,'' rem. to Northfield. He m. May 27, 1861,. Harriet F. Crafts, dau. of Martin; chil. Hattie Amaretta, b. July 15, 1862; Grant Everett, b. Oct. 29, 1864; Ernest Lincoln, b. July 21, 1866; Alice May, b. Aug. 8, 1868; Mary Elizabeth, b. Feb. 4, 1871.. Belden, Fbkderick M.,8 Allen,7 d. Oct. 15, 1870. Hem. Nov. 20, 1865, Elizabeth PoUuck ; chil. Anna S., b. Nov. 24, 1867 ; Ediein Mor- timer, b. Feb. 5, 1868. Belden, Henry G.,?- William,'' m. Feb. 5, 1865, Lpra Pierce, dau. of John and Nancy; child, Gertrude May, b. and d. 1871. Belding, Joseph,* (John,3 Samuel,2.Richard.i) . About 1735, he settled in the Straits on what is known as the Zebina Bartlett place. Prob. his house was " picketed." He was b. Aug. 9, 1696 ; d. Oct. 1778. He m. (1) Oct. 23, 1717, Esther Bardwell, dau. of Robert, b. Aug. 8, 1693, d. Nov. 17, 1724. He m. (2) July 13, 1727, Margaret Gillett, dau. of Samuel, b. May 1, 1699, d. Mar. 1785 ; chil. Paul, b. 1719 ; Esther, b. Sept. 20, 1720, m. David Scott; Abigail, b. Sept. 22, 1721; Sarah, b. Feb. 1, 1723; Paul, b. Nov. 17, 1724; Margaret, b. May 11,1732; Abigail, b. Feb. 13, 1734; Josephfh. Oct. 31, 1735; Paul, b. Dec. 13, 1737. Belding, JosEPn,5 Joseph,* lived on the homestead ; m. Dec. 21, 1769, Lydia Silvey; chil. Esther, bap. Dec. 27, 1772, m. Samuel Coleman; Samuel, bap. Feb. 5, 1775, m. Paulina Smith; Miriam Sylvia, bap. Mar. BB 210 8, 1778, m.Aug. 31, 1797, Silas Tubbs ; Lydia, bap, Nov, 11, 1781, m. Otis Brown; JosepJi, bap. Sept. 12, 1784, m. Mar. 13, 1808, Abigail Carley; Jeremiah, bap. July 8, 1787, m. Mar. 1, 1813, Anna Belding ; Martha, bap. Mar. 13, 1791, m. Asahel Johnson ;_Sara^, bap, June 23,. 1793, m. Chauncey Kennedy; Abigail, bap. Oct. 2, 1796, d. young. Beldikg, Paul.s Joseph,* m. Elizabeth Bardwell, dau. of Lieutenant Ebenezer; child, Paul, (mother, Satah Smith,) perhaps others. Beldikg, Samuel,^ Joseph,^ m. Sept. 30, 1801, Paulina Smith, dau. of Gad; chil. Harriet, b. 1802, m. William Bartlett; Horace, b. 1804, m. Fish; Dexter,h. 1806, m. Fanny M. Wilson; Banford S., b. April 30, 1808; Alonzo, b. April 26, 1810; Abigail, d. young; Samuel C; Sophia, m. Cooper. BErniNS, Paul,6 Paulj^m. July 29, 17&2, Hannah Edson ; cWl. Chester; Sarah ; Ddnid ; Hannah, m. Horace Bacon ; Taul ; Annis, m. — — . Beebee, Amasa, m. Bannister. The family rem. to Brookfield, Vt. Belde.n, Sahford S.,' Samuel.S m. Fapny Y. Moor, dau. of Jonathan; chil. Oscar L., b. Mar. 3, T837, m. Harriet Stearns, of Conway; Harriet Sophia, b. Feb. 16, 1839, m. Alfred Montville, M. D. ; Mary Paulina, h. Sept. 5, 1847, d. young. Bet.den, Chester,'' Paul,* a carpenter; d. June 7, 1830; m. Jan. 5, 1809, Polly Allis, dau. of Russell; chil. Ghampion, b. July 26, 1809, d. young ; Emetine, b. May 16, 1815, m. Simon Whitney ; Zerviola, b. Aug. 13, 1819, nV. Samuel Whitney. Bennett, Daniel W., son of Ezra, b. Dec 18, 1828, d. Aug. 7, 18561 He m. April 10, 1855, Susan 0. LadJ, dau. of John; child, Mary A,, b. Feb. 25, 1856. ' Bennett, George W., son of Ezra; m. April 1, 1858, Mrs. Susan O. Bennett; chil. Fanny L, b. May 11, 1861 ; John E., b. Nov. 28, 1863'; Ella M., b. July 6, 18h8. Bibelow, James, 1790—1804. Fnom Colchester, Ct. ; lived on Poplar hill; wife, Anna Day; claW. Jonathan ; Betsey; James; Charles; Ouy. BiBP, Enoch, 1795. From Cummington; earlier from Sharon; lived on Grass hill ; d. Mar. 1818, aged 70 ; wife, Celena ; chil. Lydia and Sarah, twins, b. Feb. 26, 1782 ; Sarah m. Amasa Graves ; Edmund, b. July 7, 1784, m. Mar. 19, 1807, Polly Coleman ; Celena and Levina, twins, b. June 7, 1786 ; Waitte, b. May 25, 1769, m. 1809, Stephen Graves ; Enoch, b. Oct. 3, 1791; Samuel, b. Sept. 23, 1793; Polly, h. Feb. 16, 1796; Boxa, b. May 8, 1799. BowKER, Henrt. a tailor ; wife, Sarah Davis ; son, d. June 22, 1849. Bragg, Abial, 1776-1787. Was in Petersham, 1771; prob. from Shrewsbury, son of Ebenezer; ra. Jan. 29, 1853, Abigail Wilson. He bought the farm of Simeon Wait, in the Lane, which he sold to Dr. Benj. Dickinson; chil. Lovisa? ; Elizabeth, m. Robert Abercromby; Abia, m. William Cone; Thankful?. Bhidgman, . He d. May 7, 1800, aged 70; his w. Elizabeth d. Jan. 16, 1812, aged 79. Brooks, John, 1776. From Glastenbury, Ct. ; wife, Sarah; child, Boswell, bap. July 28, 1776. 211 Brougbton, Wait, 1771. Lived in the Strails; sold in 1773 to Josbua Beldin. He m. Nov. 1, 1771, Submit Wait; child, Charity, bap. June 14, 1772. Brown, Edward, 1767. _Prom Colchester, Ct. ; built a house north of Hiram Bardwell's; lient. ; d. June 2, 1803, aged 87. He m. Hannah Thomas, who d. Oct. 12, 1811, aged 89; chil. William, b. 1742; Hannah b. 1744; Josiah, b. 1745; John, b. 1747; Mary, b. 1748; Isaiah, b. Dec, 8, 1750; Anne, b. 1751 ; Abyah, b. 1753: Charily, h. 1754. ' Browh, WiixiAM,^ Edward, 1 1776; wife, ; adm. to ch. May 1, ] 785 ; chil. William ; Thomas ; Sarah. Brown, Josiah,2 Edward,! 1786. From Colchester, Ct. He m. (1) ; m. (2) Nov. 14, 1788, Sophia Graves, of Conway; chil. Josiah; William; Joel, m. Jerusha Smith; Borothy, bap. Mar. 12, [^1786; Lucy, m. Charles Graves. Brown, John,^ Edward,! lived on Poplar hill; lieut. ; d. Dec. 18, 18-20, aged 83. He m. (1) Amy Blood, who, d. June 11, 1785; m. (2) Dorothy Big^low, of Colchester, Ct., who d. Feb. 14, 1854, aged 92; chil. Prescott, b. 1774; John, b. 1775; Betsey, b. Mar. 1, 1777, m. Jonathan Wait; Spencer, b. 1781, m. Sally Wait; Consider, b. June 11, 1785, d. Sept. 20, 1827; Champion, b. 1789, d. Aug. 8, 1809; SaUy, b. 1790, m. Calvin Wait; Chester, b. Nov. 17, 1791 ; Dorothy, m. David Dickinson. Brown, Isaiah,^ Edward,! lived where Hiram Bardwell now lives; d. May 4, 1844,. He m. (1) Mar. 15, 1781, Mary Wait, of Hatfield, who d. bee. 4, 1781 ; (2) Abigail Clapp ; chil. Isaiah, b. Nov. 23, 1781 ; Daniel, b. Aug. 31, 1784; Mary, b. Aug. 15, 1786, m. Capt. Amos.Pratt. Brown, Abijah,^ Edward.! He m. (1) Lydia Fraeier; (2) July 30, 1782, Mary AUis ; chil. Alice; Polly ; Betsey; Elisha. Brown, Joei.,^ Jaeiah,^ m. Jerusha Smith ; chil. Joel; Justin, m. Sally Wait. Brown, Prescott,^ Lieut. John,^ m. Betsey Murphy; chil. Mary Ann, b. Oct. 18, 1813, m. Horace Train ; Lorinda. Brown, John,3 Lieut. John,^ m. July 1, 1802, Lydia Billings, of Hat- field; chil. Caroline, m. Tinker; Lucy; Lydia; Aurelia, m. Wood ; Newcomh ; Consider ; John, m. Margaret . Brown, Chester,^ Lieut. John,^ lived on the homestead; selectman; rep. ; d. April 17, 1858. He m. April 16, 1818, Patty Sanderson, dau. of Asa and Lucy; chil. Diana, b. May 26, lSl9, m. Otis M. Conkey; Huth, b. Sept. 8, 1820, m. Sept. 8, 1845, William H. FuWer; Champion, b. Feb. 18, 1822; Charles Emery, b. Aug. 4, 1823, d. Oct. 3, 1846; Almira, b. May 24, 1825, m. W. B. Hamilton; Lucy, b. July 1, 1828, m. Feb. 19, 1830, Edson Merritt, of Worcester; Myron, b. Aug 2, 1830; Eliza B., h. May 12, 1833, m. Stephen M. Sanderson; infant, b. Dec. 31, 1834; Mary L., b. Sept. 21, 1838, m. John N. White ; ffenry Wait, b. Mar. 22, 1841, d. young. Brown, Isaiab,^ Isaiah,^ k. by a load of wood running over him, 1814. He m. Jan. 6, 1803, Demis Billings; chil. Morris and ilforia, twins, b. 1810 ; Lydia, b. 1813, m. G. W. Fairfield. 21g Brown, Daniei,,3 Isaiah, ^ lived on the old homestead ; deacon ; select- man ;, d. Jan. 4, 1856., He m. May 23, 1803, Lovisa Pratt, b. April 15, 1784, d. May 29, 1843; chil. Emdine R., b. Jan. 11, 1809, ra. Levi War- ner; Minerva B., b. Jan. 19, 1811, m. John M.Foster; Sophia L.,h. April 7, 1812, m.Rufus K. Eldridge; Lovisa P., b. Feb, 25, 1814, d. young; Daniel, b. May 26, 1817, d. yoiing; Nancy M. b. Sept. 18,'18t8> m. John VaxsXey ] William Austin, b. May 4, 1821, m, Lucinda A. Sander- son; Henry Augustus, b. Mar. 23, 1823, d. July 30, 1858; Cerintha Adaline, b. Jan. 24, 182S,' in. Royal A. Ward. Brown, Justin,* Joel,3 m. April 7, 1815, Sally Wait, dau. of Consider. Bought the David Stockbridge place in the Straits. Brown, John,* John, 3 wife, Margarette; chil. Newcomb, b. May- 13, 1855, d. young ; Mary, b. Sept. 30, 1856 ; John, b. Mar. 31, 1859 ; Margerette, b. May 22, 1863. See p. 166. Brown, Champion,* Chester,^ lives in Montreal; m. Dec. 31, 1848, Lucy M. Simpson, of Ashfield; chil. Emery C, b. Aug. 11, 1849, d. young; Ida, b. Sept. 25, 1861 ; Annie G., b. June 28, 1854; Henry 8i, '■ b. Oct. 22, 1856; Ghester, b. Sept. 18, 1868; Arthur M.,. b. Mar. 25, 1861; Percy G., b. July 4, 1866; Ralph H., b. Jan. 23, 1868; Champion a., b. April;13, 1871. Beown, Mykon,* Chester,^ rem. to Sunderland; m. Sept. 5, 1852, Eliza J. Sanderson, dau. of Samuel; chil. Diana C, b. Sept. 15, 1853; ••■ Lizzie M.; EUa A. ; Emory G., b. July 20, 1863; Myron G., b. Mar. 14, 1866 ; Harry Dibble, b. Nov. 10, 1868. Bkown, Josbph, 1798. From Pepperell; lived in Canterbury,, just south of the AUis place ; rem. to So. Deerfield; d.' 1842, aged 63; m. Hannah Arms, of Deerfield, who d. 1852, aged 71 ; chil. Orrin, m. Mary 'BoyAen \ Almira, b. Aug.. 30, 1806; Louisa, b. Oct. 14, 1813, m. Richard B. Hawks ; Mary A. ; Sophia M., b. Jan. 28, 1815, m. S. W. Stedman; Harriet M., m. Francis Barnard ; Gharles, m. Sylvia Remington; Miriam W., m. Stephen Belden; Julia A.\ b. Aug. 27, 1823, m. Charles W. Nash ; infant, b. May, 1827. Beown, George, b. Thompson, Ct., April 3, 1803, son of Amos and " Mary (Cummings) Brown, m. April, 1827, Almira Brown, dau. of Joseph and Hannah; chil. Martha Cummings, h. Dec. 22, 1828, ffl. Henry T. Brown, of Charlemont ; Mary Sophia) b. Oct. 16, 1830; Frederick Richard, • b. Oct. 30, 1832, m. Kate Cunningham, of Hartford, Conn. ; Theophilus Packard,\>. Saxi.b, 1835, m. Frances Hampton, of Toledo, O.; Henry ■ Augustus, b. Mar. 9, 1837, m. Carrie Belden; Francis Carlton, b. Feb. 13, 1839, m. Emma Wells ; Vame* Edward, b. Mar. 28, 1841, m. Jennie Legg; Hannah Arms, b. Sept. 3', 1843, d. May 26, 1845; Hannah Arm's, b. Sept. 6, 1845, m. Gordon Johnson ; Amos, b. Mar. 8, 1848, d. young ; Elizabeth Almira, b. Mar. 20, 1860, d. June 15, 1865 ; Sibyl Graham, h. Jan. 29, 1852. BnRKOUGHS, Stephen, (not the forger,) 1800. I..ived where Rufus Sanderson now lives ; wife, Amilla ; chil. Amilla ; Stephen^ bap.- July 6,- 1800; Lyman, bap. Aug. 21, 1803.; Polly, m. Erastus Wait.- 21^ Bush, Levi, Jr^, 1823, son of Levi and Martha; b". Aug. 31, 1797; a mercbant; m. (1) May 10, 1825, Ann Ayres; of No. Brookfield, who d. Oct. 28, 1837, aged 40; (2) July 4, 1839. Elvira White, dau. of John, i who d. Dec. 6, 1870 ; chil. Martha Ann, b. Aug. 1, 1826, m, B. F. Parsons ; Hannah C, 'b. June 4, 1828; ra. Rev. E. P. Smith; Susan S., b. Nov. 18, 1830, m. Miller; Oharity P., b. Jan. 20, 1833, d. May 6, 1833 ; Charily E., b. Aug. 14, 1836, m. Ethan C. Ely; Elizabeth White, b. Feb; 26, 1842, m.- Lyman R. Smith ; Harriet Morton', bj May 2, 1844. Bybam, Joseph, lieut. 1783-90. From Bridgewater ; b. 1726 ; m. 1745, Mary Bowditch, of Braintree ; dau. Elizabeth, b. 1747, m. 1768, Winslow Richardson. Callahan, David,3 John,2 Daniel,' b. Mar. 17, 1829, m. (1) Oct. 10, 1856, Mary Nolan, who d. April 13, 1869 ;: (2) Jan. 18, 1870, Hannah' Fitzgerald; chil. John, h. Oct. 22, 1856; Mary Ann, b. Dec. 1, 1870. Callahan, Thomas,? b. June 17, 1830, m. Feb. 10, 1861, Margaret Powers; ehil. Mary, b. Dec. 14, 1861, A. young; David, b. May 25, 1864; John, b. Mar 13, 1867; Thomas, b. Mar. 25, 1868. Carey, Richard, 1793—1803; son of Dea. Joseph, of Williamsburg ; wife, Susan; chil. Calvin, b. 1794; k. ■ by Indians- at Black Rock, N. Y., in war of 1812; Richard, a Free Will Bap. minister; perhaps others. Carley, Samuel, 1764; son of Job, of Marlborough; d. Jan. 9, 1818, m. Submit Lyon, who d. Jan. 30, 1818 ; chil. -John, b. Dec. 18, 1768, d. Oct. 1796; 3orothy, h. Sept. 17,1771, m. Dec.'28, 1790, Lucius Scott; Submit, b. Aug. 17, 1773, m. John Granger; Samuel, b. Nov. 15, 1775-, d. young ; Polly, b. April 20, i778, d. April 16, 1795 ; Sanmel, b. Aug. 4, 1781 ; Abigail, b. April 21, 1786, ra. Joseph Belding. Casey, John, m. (1) Julia Kelley, who d. June 19, 1859; (2) Johanna Driscoll, who d. June 26, 1870; chil. John, b. Nov. 12, 1858; Patrick, b. April 29, 1861. Castle, or Gastwell, Thomas, 1779, lived on Grass hill ; rem. to the West ; m. Dec. 20, 1779, Miriam Smith, dau. of Paul ; chil. Miriam; Miriam, b. Sept. 19, 1784; Paulina, b. Sept. 13, 1786; Aurilla,h. Oct. 5, 1788; Pamela, b. Dec. 22, 1790; Thomas, b. Jan. 21, 1793; Sophia, b. May 9, »1796; Submit, b. Sept. 13, 1798; John, b. Nov. 13, 1801. Chapin, Perbz,6 M. D., 1778— 1789. ElijaH.s Thomas,* Thomas,? Japhet,^ Dea. Samuel,! b. Sept. 1752; grad. Mid. Coll. ; settled in Granby; rem. to Whately ; lived on Calvin Wells's place; rem. to Lud- low ; rem. to Benson, Vt. ; d. aged 86. He m. May 5, 1776, Elizabeth Smith; chil. Boxana, b. Oct. 9, 1778, m. Rev. C. Burge; &iles, b'. April 2, 1781, rem. to Rushford, N. Y. ; Perez, h. April 29, 1783, (see p. 117); Sophia, b. Sept. 28, 1785, d. 1820 ; Alpheus, h. Oct. 24, 1787, m. ; d. in Boston, Mar. 3, 1870; Elizabeth, b. May 22, 1796, m, Bogardus; Horace B., (seep. 118). Chapin, Royal, or Ariel, student with Rev. Mr. Wells, 1785-89. Chapman, Isaac, lived on Mt. Esther; d. May 10, 1864, m. Dec. 5. 1805, Hannah Wait, dau. of Joel, who d. April 7, 1865 ; ehil. Alvah Biley, b.'Sept. 7,- 1806, m. Susannah Feish; Leantha, b. June 3, 1813, tn, Deh, b. Nov. 6, 1745 ; Martha, b. May 27, 1748, m. Jacob . Rosevelt, Dec. 2, 1798 ; Moses, h. May 6, 1760 ; Sarah, b. July 16, 1762, d. young; Miriam, b. Dec. 10, 1754, unm., d. April 28, 1794; Bhoda, b. Feb. 14, 1756, m. Phineas Scott; Graves, b, Oct. 26, 1759; Seth,h. Oct. .21, 1762. Thomas d, Feb. 4, 1803 ; wife Sarah d. Jan. 18, ISo's; each 85 years of age. He built a house in 1762 or 3, where Seth B. Crafts now lives. Crafts; Gaius.^ John,* unmarried. He built a house a. little north- west from Benoni's, which he sold to Israel Graves. He d. Sept. 30,. 1802, .aged 75. , Crafts, Bbnoni,5 John,* m. Abigail Graves, dau. of David and Abi- , gail. He. built a house where George W. and Asa Jackson Crafts now . live. He came to Whately at or about the time that his bro;. Thomas did, 1752 or 3 ; chil. Reuben, b. Mar. 25, 1769 ; Jerusha, b. Mar. 16, 1762, m. . Abel Scott, Feb. 21, 1805; Asa, b. May 6, 1765, unm., d. Sept. 2, 1854, aged 89; Elizabeth, b. Nov. 11, 1767, m. Perez Wells ; Abigail, ti-Ssxi. .6, 1768, .ra., Moses Graves, Feb. 8, 1787; he d. April 26, 1812, aged 86. Crafts, Rbubbn.b Benoni,^ m. Henrietta Graves, dau. of Matthew and Hannah; lived, on the place where hrs father built. He d. Feb. 14, 1814; wife Henrietta d. Jan. 9, 1863; chil. Gharlotte, b. June 9, 1786, m. Bigelow; Cotton, b. July 27, 1788; Erastus, b. Mar. 3, 1791 ; Caleb, b. Aug. 3, L793, d. young; Hannah, b. Mar. 16, 1796, m. AmasaLamson ; Miranda, b. Oct. 16, 1799, m. Samuel Doane; Fajiny, b. Oct. 8, 1802, m. Warren Pease ; Caleb, b. Feb. 3, 1805. 217 Crafts, John,^ Thomas.^ m. (1) Thankful Adkins, dan. of Solomon and Thankful, April 29, 1784; chil. Thankful, h. Feb. 8, 1786, m. Calvin Wells. His wife Thankful d. July 14, 1786 ; He m. (2) Martha Warner, dau. of Orange; chil. Orange, b. Feb. 12, 1796, d. young; Emily, b. Feb. 13, 1798, m. John Russell, Jan. 3, 1822; Lydia, h. Aug. 10, 1801, m. Elias Hibbard. He d. May 3, 1826 ; wife Martha d. Jan. 8, 1822. Ckafts, Joseph,^ Thomas,^ m. Roxeelany White, May 20, 1779 ; chil. Mary P., b. Jan., 1780; Lucretia, b. Dec. 9, 1781, m. Joseph Wait; Chester, b. Dec. 1783: Boswell; David, d. Aug. 31, 1844; Sabra, d. abt. 1812 ; Parsons, m. and lives in Canada ; Jasephus. He lived some years in West Whately, east of the Baptist meeting-house ; he d. Oct. 18, 1815. Ckaj'ts, Moses,6' Thomas,^ in. Abigail Kellogg, dau. of Joel; chil. Sarah, b. Dec. 27, 1775, m. Jeremiah Wait ; Thomas, b. Sept. 10, 1781 ; -Jod K., b. Dec. 15, 1782; P.ufus;\i. March 8, 1787; Abigail, b. April 20, 1789, m. Jesse Jewett, ; Caroline, b. June 10, 1791, m. Benjamin Larabee; Sophronia, b. July 10, 1794, d. young; Caleb, b. April 21, 1796, d. young; Ralph,^. May 29, 1798, d. young; Caleb, b. July 28, 1800; Rhoda, b. April 7, 1803, m. John R. Cushman. He was a soldier in the Revolution ; lived north of where Elbridge G. Crafts does. He d. Jan. 8, 1826; wife Abgail, d. Jan. 8, 1833. Crafts, Graves,^ Thomas,^ m. •Eunice Graves, dau. of Israel, 1782; chil. Isj-ael, b. March 21, 1783, d. April 4, 1787; Lucy,.h. Nov. 28, 1784, m. Elijah Graves ; Elijah, b. Nov. 5, 1786 ; Israel, h. Dec. 11, 1788; Justus, b. Jan. 21, 1791; Justin, b. Jan. 21, 1791; Gad, b. Feb. 17, 1794; Miriam, b. Feb. 24, 1796, m. Justus Graves; Sophia, b. Nov. 80, 1797 ; Eli, b. Nov. 13, 1799 ; Graves, b. July 7, 1803, d. April 25, 1820; infaM, b. June, 1805, d. young; Silas, h. Jan. 24, 1807. Wife Eunice d. Dec. 9, 1826. He m. (2) Sarah AUis. He d. July 29, 1847 ; wife Sarah d. April 3, 1852. Crafts, Seth,6 Thomas,^ m. (1) Dec. 21, 1786, Joanna Graves, dau. of David ; (2) Mrs. Anna French. There were five chil., all of the first born, varying from 9 years of age down to that of a few months, d. with a malignant spotted fever; and then followed. Dexter, b. May 19, 1796, d. May 15, 1861 ; Bebecca, b. Jan. 28, 1798, m. Justus Ferry ; Noah, b. Sept. 28, 1800; Pamela, b. Deo. 1, 1802, m. D'avid Wells; Luther, b. Sept. 5, 1807, d. April, 1832. Seth lived on the pliice where his father first settled. He d. June 22, 1826 ; wife Joanna d. June 11, 1819 ; wife Anna d. Aug. 4, 1863, aged 89. ♦ Crafts, Chester,' Joseph,6 m. Phila A. Jewett, dau. of^euben Jewett and Electa AUis, Mar. 16, 1809 ; she was b. Jan. 25, 1791 ; c\i\\. Jasephus, b. March 2, 1810; Chester, b. Mar. 6, lil2; Mary Ann, b. Feb. 1, 1814, m. Enos Parsons; Parthena, b. Feb. 17, 1816, m. Elihu Stall; Sylvia, b. Jan. 14, 1818, m. Alvin Field; David,\>. Feb. 17, 1820; Boswell P., b. Sept. 16, 1822; Albert W., b. Feb. 17, 1824; Phila^h. Jan. 14, 1826, m. Henry J. Walker. He d. Sept. 27, 1827-. Crafts, Thomas,'' Moses.s m. Mehitable Graves, dau. of Martin, July CO 218 6, 1804; ehil. Martin, b. Sept. 15, 1805, d. Jan. 17, 1806 ; Monrtm, b. April 4, 1807 ; Aurelia, b. July 11, 1809, m. Allen Belding ; Tryphena, b. April 20, 1812, d. Sept. 24, 1814; Elbridge Qerry, b. Dec. 13, 1814; James Monroe, b. Feb. 26, 1817 ; Tryphena, b. Aug. 22, 1819, m. David Belden; Thomas Spencer, b. April 21, 1825. Thomas Crafts was a prom- inent man in the town, filling many offices, and twice representing the town in the Legislature. He lived where E. G. Crafts now does; he d. Oct. 7, 1861, wife d. Dec. 29, 1861. Crafts, Joel Kellogg,''' Moses,6 m. Elizabeth Cook, dan. of Solomon Cook and Tryphena Newton; chil. E. Parsons, b. Nov. 28, 1811; Try- phena ; Solomon Cook, b. Sept. 13, 1815 ; Sophronia ; Lavinea ; Mizabeth, m. Alfred Keyser ; Tholnas Spencer. Joel moved to Hadley, and after his death, the family moved to Ohio ; he d. April, 1823. Crafts, Rufus,^, Moses,* m. Lucy Kellogg, dau. of Joseph; she was b. Oct. 25, 1788; m. Feb. 26, 1810; chil. Tialph Brskine, b. Jan. 26, 1812 ; Chapman, b. March 24, 1813 ; George W., b. Nov. 30, 1814 ; Myron Earwood, b. Aug. 11, 1816; Mlvira Jenisha, b. Aug. 22, 1818, m. Robert D. Weeks; Joseph Kellogg, b. June 7, 1821; Joel Franklin, b. Sept. 19, 1823; Jod Franklin, b. May 29, 1825; Lemuel P., b. 1827; Bufus Wells, b. July 7, 1828. He d. Nov. 14, 1843. His wife Lucy d. Sept. 2, 1869. Crafts, Col. Caleb,'' Moses,^ m.. Sophronia Morton, dau. of Daniel; a potter by trade ; lived where James M. Crafts now does ; chil. Harriet C, b. Sept. 8, 1823, m. Dexter Daniels ; Maria Louisa, h. July 26, 1825, m. (2) S. D. Kellogg; Charles. Perry, b. Oct. 14, 1827; Edward Alonzo, b. Jan. 8, 1830; George M., b. May 16, 1835 ; Thomas Hart Benton, h. Dec. 13, 1837 ; Sophronia M., b. April 19, 1851, m.George Keit. Caleb, d. Jan. 1, 1854; wife Sophronia, d. Feb. 1866. Crafts, Elijah,^ Graves,^ m. Dolly Trescott, dau. of John Trescott, Dec. 13, 1810. She was b. April 3, 1788 ; chil. Sarah, b, April 7, 1812, d. Aug. 18, 1817; Eunice, b. Aug. 18, 1813, m. George W. Stanford; Lucy, b. Dec. 21, 1815 ; Miron, b. Feb. 5, 1819, m. Mary A. Clemens'; Nancy, b. Oct. 22, 1820, d. July 11, 1827 ; Soviad, b. July 12, 1822, m. Philander Perry ; Clymena, b. Feb. 3, 1827, m. J. G. Stevens, Oct. 24, 1855 ; Norman, b. April 3, 1829, m. Antoine^j; Wagoner. Crafts, Israel,' Graves,* ™-"(l) Esther Wells, dau. of Lemuel; lived where Daniel Dickinson does now; chil. infant, d. Jan. 29, 1823, wife, Esther d. Jan. 29, 1823, set. 38. He m. (2) Mrs. Clarissa Scott, dau. of Elisha Wells ; chil. Charles Dwight, b. July 2, 1827 ; Esther Wells, b. July 25, 1829, m. E. Lyman Smith ; Luther M., b. June 15, 1832.* Israeli d, April 4, 1855; wife Clarissa d. Sept. 6, 1858. Crafts, Justus,' Graves;* m. Spiddy Bardwell, dau, of Asa, Feb. 22, 1815; chil. Mary, b. Jan. 25, 1816; Austin, b. March 9, 1818; Graves, b. 1820; d. young; infant, b. 1825, d. young; Chaves, b. April 4, 1823; Luciaann, b. April |. 1826, m. Francis Rice ; Eunice, b. Nov. 13, 1830, m. Justus W. Smith; John Wesley, b. March 14, 1836, d. Aug. 20, 1836. Spiddy d. Aug. 4, 1842, set. 50 ; Justus, d. Dec. 13, 1869, set. 79. 219 •» CnArTS, JtrsTiN,' twin brother of Justus,' m. Catharine Cresa, of Chesterfield, N. H. He moved to Berlin, Vt., and after the discovery of ^Id in California, started over land and died on the journey. Crafts, Gad,' Graves,^ m. Electa Graves, dau. of Oliver, May 1, 1828 ; lived where Almeron Crafts now lives ; chil. Luman Spencer, b. May 28, 1829 ; Chester Graves, b. Sept. 12, 1831 ; Sylvanus, b. April 17, 1833; Almeron, b. Oct. 20, 1835; Freeman Adkins, b. Oct. 12, 1838; Thomas, b. Aug. 16, 1840. Gad d. Aug. 11, 1864. Ckafts, Eli,' Graves,^ m. Louisa Marsh, dau. of Isaac Marsh, Oct. 29, 1829; a carpenter; d. May 22, 1871 ; wife Louisa d. Jan. 25, 1864; chil. Sarah Allis, b. Aug. 7, 1832, m. Luther Townsend.; Leander Francis, b. Nov. 21, 1834; Rvih Scott, b. March 1, 1838, m. James A. Elder. Ceapts, SilaSiT Graves.B m. Abigail Elder, dau. of John Elder and Anna Chamberlain, April 30, 1846 ; chil. infant, b. Dec. 28, 1846, d. Dec. 31, 1846; infard, b. Dec. 28, 1846, d. Jan. 8, 1847; Clarence Elder, b. Dec. 30, 1858. Crafts, N'oah,'' Seth,6 m. Nancy Wells, dau. of Calvin ; liyes where his grand-father Thomas? built; chil. Fllen P., b. May 5, 1839, m. Wm. Hubbard; Seth B., b. Aug. 28, 1840; Diana M., b. June 8, 1842. Crafts, Cotton,' Reuben," m. Sarah Scott, dau. of Selah, Dec- 23, 1819 ; lived where George W. and Asa J. Crafts do ; d. May 29, 1843 ; chil. George Washington, b. June 2, 1821 ; Henry Clinton, b. Nov. 20, 1823, d. young ; Amanda Malvina, b. March 18, 1826, m. Daniel Dickin- son ; Asa Jackson, b. Aug. 30, 1829. Crafts, Erastus,' Reuben," m. (1) Charlotte Scott, dau. of Selah, Nov. 22, 1814; lives in Christian lane; child, infant, b. Aug:, 1815, d. Oct. 10,1815; wife Charlotte d. Sept. 25, 1815, aged 30. He ra. (2) Mariaji Lamson, dau. of Samuel Lamson ; b. April 15, 1791, m. Nov. 4, 1817, d. April 1, 1872; chil. Beuhen, b. Doc. 30, 1818; Alonzo, b. May 17, 1821; Walter, b. Aug. 16, 1823; Bodolphus, b. Sept. 22, 1825, d. June 15, 1831; Louisa, b. Aug. 9, 1827, m. Joseph Porter; Fidelia, b. May 5, 1831, m. Dodge Hayward; Bodolphus, b. June 28, 1833. Crafts, Caleb,' Reuben," m. Eunice Bardwell, dau. of Chester, Nov. 9, 1837; lived where Dwight L. Crafts does now; chil. Dency Luthera, b. Aug. 20, 1839, m. Ephraim S. Stoddard; Maria Henrietta, b. Aug. 24, 1841, unm. ; Sarah Angdine, b. Nov. 13, 1841, d. Oct. 26, 1863; Henry Dewey, b. Jan. 29, 1847, d. March 11, 1847; Mary Ellen, b. Feb. 15, 1848, d. Dec. 29, 1853; Dwight Lewis, b. May 31, libQ \ Warren Pease, b. Feb. 3, 1856. He d. April 14, 1856, aged 51. Crafts, Josbphus.s Chester,' m. Roxy D. Cross, dau. of Lyman Cross and Lydia Howes, Feb. 13, 1823 ; she was b. April 14, 1814; chil. Orpha M., b. March 23, 1837, d. April 7, 1851; Sarah J'crne, b. June 21, 1839, d. Aug. 7, 1848; Harriet L., b. Aug. 7, 1841; Frances P., b. Sept. 16, 1843, m. Henry Hallet, Dec. 30, 1868; George L., b. Dec, 1851, d. young. Crafts, David,^ Chester,' m. Wealthy Munyan, dau. of Joseph Mun- yan; b. Oct. 13, 1821, m. May 11, 1841 ; ck\\. Edward Chester, h. Aug. 220 »■ 7, 1842; Gertrude E., b. May 17, 1846, d. July 13, 1848; Loviisa E., b. May 1, 1848. Crafts, Albert W.,8 Chester,' m. Statira A. Bardwell, dau. of Oliver Bardwell and Dolly Hawks, April 27, 1848 ; merchant,— Ashfield and Whately; chil. George 0.,h. Dec. 2, 1851; Mary S., b. Oct. 2, 1853; Charles H., b. May 31, 1855, d. July 12, 1859 ; Alice A., b. April 6, 1857, d. Aug. 16, 1858; Lucy A., b. Nov. 22, 1859; Albert W., b. March 31, 1861; Carrie M., b. Oct. 1, 1862; DoraB., b. July 31, 1864; Anna M., b. Oct. 21, 1866 ; William B., b. Dec. 5, 1867. Crafts, Martin,* Thomas,' m. Emily Ingram, dau. of Samuel Ingram, Apr. 19, 1832 ; chil. Samuel Thomas, b. Aug. 15, 1833, d. young; Edward and Alonzo, b. Aug. 17, 1834, d. young ; Mary Henry, b. Oct. 15, 1835, m. Edwin M. Belden ; Harriet Mehitahle, b. Aug, 16, 1840, d. young; Harriet Tryphena, b. Jan. 12, 1843, m. R. A. Belden; Martin Alonzo, b. Aug. 15, 1845, d. young; Emily Meliitable; b.*Dec. 22, 1847. Crafts, Elbridgb G.,* Thomas,' m. Lydia C. Hodgekins, dau. of Daniel Hodgekins, June 4, 1840 ; lives where his father used to ; chil. John Murray, b. June 17, 1842, d. June 24, 1847 ; John Murray, b. Sept. 17, 1847 ; Edmund Burke, b. July 7, 1850, d. Jan. 22, 1854 ; Edmund Burke, b. June 28, 1854 ; Earl Henry, b. Feb. 22, 1861, d. March 23, 1861. Crafts, James M.,* Thomas,' m. Mary Ann Jewett, dau. of Jesse Jewett and Abigail Crafts, Jan. 24, 1839. He is a farmer, and lives where Daniel Morton used to in Claverack ; chil. Charles Bansom, b. March 20, 1840; Thomas Edward, b. Aug 31, 1841, d. Sept. 12, 1841; Annetta Aurelia, b. Jan. 27, 1843, m. Wesley Woodward ; Irving Browne, b. Oct. 11, 1844; eames K. P., b. April 6, 1846, d. Sept. 14, 1849; Thomas Spencer, b. Nov. 28, 1851; James Monroe, b. Nov. 28, 1851, d. March 1, 1853 ; Mary Alma, b. March 6, 1856, d. March 23, 1856 ; Frank Dandin, b. March 6, 1856. Crafts, E. Parsons,8 Joel K.,' ra. (1) Esther A. Moore, Sept. 1, 1834 ; (2) Eliza J. Fitch, Dec. 9, 1857 ; chil. Emily B., b. June 11, 1885 ; Caroline M., b. March 19, 1837; Elizabeth M., b. Nov. 5, 1838; Francis H. M., b. Dec. 26, 1842; Ellen J., b. Dec. 20, 1848, d. Sept. 3, 1850; Amelia A., b. Dec. 10, 1851; Fred. F., b. Oct. 13, 1858. Wife Esther A., d. Oct. 31, 1856 ; (2) wife Eliza J., d. Oct. 17, 1865. Crafts, Solomon Cook,* Joel K.,' m. Aurelia E. Whitney, March 4, 1838 ; she was b. Oct. 4, 1818 ; chil. Martha A., b. April 21, 1841, d. Nov. 2, 1842 ; Helen A., b. May 28, 1845 ; Myron H., b. Sept. 21, 1848 ; Oscar A., b. May 5, 1853. Lives in Jackson, Mich. Crafts, Ralph E.,8 Rufus,' m. Amelia Minerva Cushman, dau. of Ezra Cushman and Esther Atwater, April 24, 1839; lives in Claverack, south of E. G. Crafts ; chil. Beta K. Grafts, b. Oct. 19, 1841 ; Esther Aurelia, b. Sept. 12, 1843, m. Wra. AUshouse; Ellen Amelia, b. July 25, 1845, m. Qeorge CoUyer ; Mary Emma, b. Aug. 25, 1846, m. George E. Cook ; Ralph Elmer, b. July 29, 1850 ; Almira Minerva, b. Nov. 4, 1852 ; Lucy Maria, b. Feb. 11, 1856, d. Oct. 25, 1856 ; George Herbert^ b. Mar. 19, 1857 ; Myron Cushman, b. Oct. 24, 1860. 221 % Ckaitts, Chapman,' Rufus,' ra. Almina L. Jones, dau. of David Jones, of No. Hadley ; a carpenter ; lives now in Troy, Wis. ; chil. Lucy M., b. Aug. 11, 1839, m. Charles Elkins; Mary L., b. Novels, 1841, m. S. W. Lusk; Charles H., b. Jan. 11, 1848, d. Sept. 14, 1848; Hdartha May, b. May 9, 1854, d. Sept. 24, 1854. Crafts, George W.,' Kufus,' m. Ellen Beach, dau. of Wm. Beach and Eliza Coulter, May 20, 1854. He is in trade in Idaho City, Idaho; child, Myron L., b. July 12, 1855. Cratts, Myron Harwood,' Eufus,' m. Miranda Capen,- of Enfield, May 16, 1843 ; living in San Bernadino, Cal., where he is extensively engaged in farming and fruit growing; has served four years as county judge ; chil. Qeorge H., b. April 30, 1844 ; Ndlie Woods, b. March 28, 1846; Amanda, b. Jan. 1848, d. same day; Harry Gray, b. Sept. 10, 1853. Wife Miranda b. Dec. 19, 1826, d. Sept. 14, 1856. He m. (2) Eliza Persia Kobbins, Oct. 16', 1864 ; child, Abraham Lincoln, b. Nov. 16, 1865. Crafts, Joseph R.,8 Rufus,'' m. Margaret G. M. McLean, March 6, 1848*1) lives in Schenectady, N. Y. ; chil. Emma Lucy, b. April 23, 1849 ; Zachary T., b. July 17, 1850; Joseph Edwin, b. July 27, 1852; Sarah Amelia, b. Aug. 20, 1854; Elvira Ella, b. Aug. 18, 1857; Albert Wells, b. Oct. 10, 1859; Hattie, b. Oct. 31, 1861, d. Oct. 16, 1864; Ida Esther, b. May 16; 1864. Crafts, Joel Franklin,^ Rufus,'' m. Celia Stowe, March 28, 1849 ; 25, 1861, m. Charles R. Crafts. Wife Lucinda d. Sept. 20, 1851, aged 26; m. (2) Sarah Hill; chi\. Franklin,; Alice; Leon. He has removed to New Bedford. Crafts, Alonzo,^ Erastua,' m. Caroline Amanda, dan. of Moses O. .Felton and Susan Cummings, Oct. 1, 1864. She was b. Feb. 23, 1827. Crafts, Water.s Erastus,'' m. Lucy Alexander, dau. of George Alex- ander, and Mary Lyman, Jan. 1, 1851. She was b. Feb. 28, 1823; lives in the Lane with his father ; child, Lyman Alexander, b. Oct. 28, 1854. Crafts, Rodolphus,^ Erastus,'' m. Fanny Thayer ; child, Lewis Porter, He d. Dec. 7, 1861. Family live in Bernardston. Crafts, Charles R.,9 James M.,8 m. Elizabeth C. Crafts, dau. of Reuben and Lucinda, June 21, 1870 ; child, Cora Louise, b. Aug. 22, 1871. Crafts, Irving Browne,^ James M.8; m. Minerva Scott Field, dau. of Franklin Field and Alma Scott, Nov. 24, 1868. She was b. June 25, 1845. Crafts, John M.,9 Elbridge G.,8 m. Luanna E. Bardwell, dau. of Chester Bardwell and Lucinda Mather, Nov. 2, 1868; chiAA, infant \ d. young; wife Luanna D. d. April 20, 1871. Crafts, Bela Kellogg,^ Ralph E.,8 m. Juliet M. Cook, dau. of James Cook and Angeline Kellogg, Jan. 25, 1865 ; chil. Fanny Angeline, b. Mar. 24, 1867; two children, b. Jan. 10, 1870, d. Jan. 1870. Crafts, Edward C.,9 David,8 m. Mary L. Childs, dau. of Henry 223 Childs and Mary Graves, Jan. 28, 1869 ; child, Earr>y GUnton, b. Feb. 8, 1870. Crump, James A., 1843, born in England, 1819; harness^maker ; rem. to Newark, N. J. He m. Not. 24, 1844, Julia Bruce, dau. of Chester ; chil, Mari Isahd, b. Aug. 27, 1845 ; James A., b. Deo. 16, 1846 ; George W., b. March 13, 1849, d. young; Julia Annette, b. Nov. 25, 1850, d. young ; George Harlan, b. Oct. 16, 1852, d. young. Curtis, Hosea, 1770, from New Marlborough, Ct. ; lived west of Pop- lar hill; wife, Susanna; chil. Bosea, bap. Aug. 27, 1775; Litcy, bap. Aug. 27, 1775; Dorus. Molly Curtis d. March 28, 1776, aged 13. Cutler, James ; blacksmith ; rem. to Hatfield. He m. a daughter of Thomas Clark; chil. Thomas Clark; Lorenzo Dow, va. Famelia Clapp ; Mary ; Angeline; James Dexter, m. Eliza Billings. Daugherty, Samuel, 1806, a painter ; rem. to Belchertown ; chil. Angelina, b. Oct. 31, 1806 ; Alonzo ; Caroline. Dickinson. — The several families of this name in Whately are descended from Nathaniel Dickinson, of Wethersfield, Ct., who came to Hadley, 1659.; rem. to Hatfield, bufed. in Hadley, June 16, 1676. Freeman, 1661 ; deacon ; recorder. His wife was Anne. From his son Samuel are descended Moses, Gideon, and Abner ; from his son Nathaniel is de- scended Dr. Benjamin; and from his son Joseph is descended Joel. His son, Azariah, was k. in the Swamp Fight in Whately, Aug. 25, 1675. Dickinson, Moses,"* Samuel,^ Samuel,^ Nathaniel,! b. Sept. 28, 1711 ; built a dairy-house in Whately, in the orchard west of wid. Orrin Dick- inson's. He Yn. Oct. 24, 1737, Anna Smith, dau. of Joseph and his wife Canada Wait; she d. March 7, 1804, aged 92; chil. Samud, b. March 9, 1749 ; RAecca ; Miriam, m. Silas Billings ; Irena; Anna, m. John Bullard; Martha, m. William Mather. Dickinson, Samuel,^ Moses,* d. July 24, 1803. He m. Feb. 8, 1774, Mary Dickinson, dau. of Salmon, b. Dec. 15, 1754, d. April 15, 1842 ; chil. Charles, b. April 2, 1779,-d. Oct. 23, 1858, unm. ; Moses, b. Mar. 2, 1781 ; Oliver, b. Oct. 23, 1782. Dickinson, Moses,^ Samuel,^ lived on the place now owned by his children ; d. July 29, 1812. He m. Mary Graves, dau. of David, who d. Aug. 20, 1826 ; chil. Samuel, b. Sept. 25, 1803 ; Mary, b. Nov. 9, 1804 ; Horace, b. May 9, 1806, d. July 10, 1870, unm. ; Louisa, b. Aug. 10, 1808, m. Lemuel A. Wait; Sophia, b. July 18, 1809, m. Dennis Taylor; Lrene, h. Feb. 24, 1811. Dickinson, Oliver,^ Samuel, 5 built where the wid. of .Orrin now lives ; d. Feb. 11, 1852. He m. April 19, 1810, Judith Scott, dau. of Abel; chil. Omn, b. Nov. 20, 1811; Divight, b. Sept. 12, 1814, d. Dec. 16, 1848 ; Mary Ann, b. Aug. 7, 1816, d. May 25, 1846 ; Oliver. Dickinson, Orrin,' Oliver ;6 wife, ; chil. DwigU ; Charles ; George. Dickinson, Gideon.s Gideon,* Nathaniel,3 Samuel.^ Nathaniel,! b. Dec. 29, 1744. As early as 1770, he bought the farm known as the Dexter Dickinson place ; selectman five years ; d. Sept. 2, 1811. He m. Lydia 224 Dickinson, dau. of Daniel, b. Nov. 21,. 1746, d. Aug. 8, 1812; chil. Lydia, m.Abijab Harding; ^*a, bap. Feb. C, 1774; Daniel, b. Aug. 28, 1778; Gideon, bap, Aug. 3, 1781; Ruth, b. 1784, ra. William Barnard; Dexter, b. June 12, 1788 ; Giles, b. July 30, 1790 ; others d. young. Dickinson, Asa.s Gideon.s d. April 10, 1843. He ra. Polly Hopkins, dau.. of Seth, of Conway; chil. infant, b. 1810; 8eth, b. 1812; Merrick, b. Jan. 30, 1814; Lydia, b. July, 1815; Asa, b. Nov. 8, 1818; Wells, b. April, 182'1 ; Suth, b. July, 1823, d. young. Dickinson, Daniel,^ Gideon.^ lived where E. C. AlHs now lives ; d. Nov. 4, 1830. He m. Nov. 9, 1813, Polly Scott, dau. of Selah; she d. Sept. 7, 1859, aged 75; chil. Dennis, b. 1814; Electa, b. July 30, 1816, m. Jerre Graves ; Elvira, b. May 28, 1818, d. young; Rufus, b. Aug. 29, 1819; Elvira, b. Aug. 28, 1821, m. Elliot C. Allis ; Esther, b. Nov. 7, 1823, m. Thomas L. Allis; Daniel, b. July 10, 1826. Dickinson, Gideon, ^ Gideon,^ d. 1871. He m. July 1, 1813, Demis Wait, dau. of Elihu; chil. Champion, m. Julia Osborne; Clementine, m. Horace Graves ; Hamilton, m. Hepzibah Cook ; Gideon ; Demis ; Sylvester, d. 1871. « Dickinson, Dexter,^ Gideon, 5 lived on the homestead; d. March 4, 1868. He m. Dency Whitney, dau. of Jonathan, b. Aug. 6, 1796, d. Aug. 23, 1851; chil. Lucy W., b. Nov. 30, 1818, m. Charles B. Stearns, of Conway; Jonathan W., h. March 23, 1823; Lorenzo, b. March 14, 1827, d. July 19, 1850. Dickinson, Giles, ^ Gideon,^ lived a few rods west of the old home- stead; d. Qct. 16, 1865. He m. (1) June 1, 1820, Sarah Bardwell, dau. of Chester, who d. April 13, 1826 ; (2) Julia Bardwell, dau. of Chester, who d. Nov. 2, 1845; chil. Clarissa, b. July 26, 1821, m. Merrick Dickinson; CaZei, b. July 8, 1823; Levi, b. July 22, 1825, d. Aug. 31, 1847 ; Sarah, b. Dec. 23, 1828, m. D. Foster Bardwell; Juliaette, b. Feb. 3, 1831, m. Frank Bigelow; Otis, b. June 16, 1833, d. June 14, 1841; Myron, b. Jan. 21, 1830; Foster, b. Nov. 15, 1838. Dickinson, Sbth,7 Asa.e rem. to Peru, Vt. He m. (1) Sarah Stanley, who d. Nov. 9, 1851 ; (2) Feb. 10, 1853, Laura Miner, of Windsor, Mass ; chil. Lydia Anna, b. June 8, 1848 ; Luman Pease, b. July 20, 1866 ; Wells, b. June 17, 1857. Dickinson, Mbkeick,' Asa,« rem. West; m. Dec. 18, 1841, Clarissa Dickinson; chil. Otis B., b. Aug. 20, 1842; Arthur D., b. Feb. 10, 1847. Dickinson, Asa,'' Asa,e lives on the Lyman Harding place; m. Fanny % Kentfield, dau. of Samuel; f^-AA, Arthur, b. Feb. 15, 1848. Dickinson, Dennis,' Daniel,^ lives on the Dr. Bardwell place ; town clerk; post-master; m. June 18, 1851, Elvira Graves, dau. of Levi and Editha ; chil. Daniel, b. May 25, 1852, d. Sept. 28, 1862 ; Ella Scanderlin, | adopted, b. 1853, d. July 2, 1864. . ' Dickinson, Rufus,'' Daniel,e lives on jSpruce hill ; m. April 26, 1844J Julia S. Mather, dau. of Joseph ; chil. Mary Jane, b. April 24, 1846, m. Matthew Farrell ; George, h. July 21, 1846 ; Frank, h. Nov. 9, 1850. 225 Dickinson, Daniel,' Daniel ; » carpenter ; lives on the Graves Crafts place ; m. Jan. 1, 1866, Amanda M. Crafts, dau. of Cotton. Dickinson, Jonathan W^' Dexter.e lives on the old homestead; m. May 1, 1850, Ophelia E. Bartlett, dau. of Dexter, b. Oct. 27, 1830, d. March 22, 1872; chil. Lucy, b. Jan. 28, 1852; John Wilkie, b. Oct. 11, 1854; Lizzie tTosephine, h. Ma,y 15, 1859; George Sherman, b. July 29, 1863. Dickinson, .Caleb,' Giles,' rem. to Hatfield. He m. Jan. 4, 1849, Almaria L. Rice, dau. of Eodolphus, b. June 14, 1827 ; chil. Edgar H., b. Dec. 15, 1849, m. Jan. 4, 1871, Josephine L. Snow; Amelia J., b. Mar. 6, 1852; GharloUe B., b. June 4, 1859; Sarah B., b. May 28, 1862; Alfred M., b. Aug. 21, 1864; Frank C, b. Oct. 15, 1869. Dickinson, Mybon,'' Giles,' rem. to Conway. He m. July 13, 1862, Laura Lee; chil. Alice L., b. May 11, 1863, d. Sept. 22, 1865 ; Annie L., b. Nov. 20, 1867 ; Harry Foster, b. June 3, 1870. Dickinson, Geokge," Rufus,' lives on Spruce hill ; m. April 6, 1871, Myra E. Fairfield, dau. of George W. Dickinson, Abnbr,* Ebenezer,3 Samuel,^ Nathaniel,! b. Jan. 6, 1724. In May, 1772, he built a house south of Lyman Dickinson's ; d. Sept. 28, 1799. He m. Sarah Smith, dau. of John and Elizabeth ; she d. May 27, 1813, aged 83; chil. Ebenezer ; Mary; AppMa ; Jehu, b. May 8, 1758; Betsey, m. Joel Smith; Banndk, m. Abner Nash; Ahier, b. Sept. 8, 1766; Alpheas, b. Nov. 10, 1768; Gontent, b. May, 1773, m. Sept. 12, 1799, Joseph Sanderson. Dickinson, Jehu,^ Abner ,^ lived on the homestead ; a blacksmith ; d. Oct. 26, 1814. : He m. Eleanor Pomeroy, b. Dec. 11, 1760, d. Nov. 16, 1851; chil. Sarah, b. Feb. 19, 1784, m. David Graves; Eurotas, b. Jan. 21, 1787 ; Adency, b. April 16, 1790, m. Lewis Morton ; Delia, b. Dec. 6, 1792, m. Luther Gunn ; Lyman, b. June 24, 1795 ; Noah, b. Jan. 22, 1797, d. Dec. 26, 1814; Jehu, b. Sept. 22, 1801, d. Sept. 16, 1804. Dickinson, Abner,^ Abner,* m. Nov. 14, 1799, Martha Wells ; chil. Semantha, b. Sept. 2, 1800 ; Jonathan ; Wells ; Eliza. Dickinson, Alpheus,^ Abner,* removed to Preston, N. Y. He m. 1795, Martha Murphy, b. May 27, 1776; chil. Bodolphus, b. Jan. 9, 1796, d. April 2, 1797 ; Bodolphus, b. Dec. 28, 1797, grad. at Coll., M. C. from Sixth Dist., Ohio, 1846-49, d. in Washington, D. C, March 19, 1849 ; Alexandria, b. April 29, 1800 ; Alpheus Champion, b. April 16, 1802, d. Aug. 12, 1812; Obed Day, b. June 25, 1804; Martha Electa, b. May 14, 1808; Sarah Smith, b. April 30, 1810; Statira Almifa, b. April 12, 1812. ICKINSON, EtTROTAS.s Jehu,5 lived on the homestead; then bought the brick house built by Reuben Winchell. He m. Sally AUis. dau. of Col. Josiah; chil. Empi A., b. Oct. 27, 1812, m. Sarah Bartlett, lives in Monticello, Ga. ; -^^^gigaji, b. Jan. 17, 1815; J^M^AWtW-^ ^- Sept. 14, 1816, &. Feb. 77l820; Thomas § ^. b. July 24, WIS, CElial Allen, b. Feb. 6, 1820; S almon White, b. May 7, 1822; Mw-y^Almira,h. April 12, 226 1825, d. Aug. 10, 1827; Sarali Ann , ,b. June 13, 1827; George E. ,h. June 21, 1829 ; Mary A ., b. Aug. 471833. Dickinson, Lyman,^ Jehu,* lives near the old homestead; m. Jan. 14, 1819, Experience Graves, dau. of Moses, who d. Feb. 23, 1850 ; chil, Noah, b. Sept. 5, 1820; Louisa, b. Dec. 26, 1821; AsUey G., b. March 8, 1824; Julia Ann, b. May 6, 1826, d. July 12, 1832; Lyman M., b. Sept. 25, 1828 ; Eiram. Dickinson, Jehu P.,' Eurotas,« d. July 14, 1861. Hem. (1)* March 22, 1840, Fanny Bardwell, of Hatfield, d. Jan. 15, 1846; (2) Sept. 15, 1846, Sarah Amelia Sanderson ; chil. Henry A., b. May 11, 1841, d. in the army; Dwight L., b. July 2, 1843; Fanny S., b. Jan. 9, 1846, m. George A. Smith, of Coleraine; Joseph, b. Jan. 12, 1851; Mary JE!.,h. Oct. 6, 1854; Clara A., b. Jan. 16, 1856. Dickinson, Thomas S.,' Eurotas,* rem. to Conway; m. Jan. 4, 1843, Mary S. Marsh; chil. AUce C, b. Nov. 16, 1843, m. Daniel Burnett; George B., b. Feb. 14, 1857 ; Frederick D., b. May 6, 1868. Dickinson, Elial A.,' Eurotas,? rem. to So. Hadley; m. Nov. 17, 1842, Sophia A. Bardwell, of Hatfield ; chil. Ann Eliza, b. Aug, 22, 1844, d. July 4, 1862 ; Charles A., b. Oct. 12, 1846; Sarah S., b. Sept. 16, 1848; Clarence S., b. Sept. 17, 1850, d. March 13, 1851; son, b. Feb. 21, 1853, d.; Louisa A., b. April 23, 1856; Clarence S., b. Oct. 4, 1858. , Dickinson, Salmon W.,' Eurotas," lives in Amherst; m. Nov. 22, 1853, Sarah Hyde, of A.; chil. Jennie Mary, b. June 10, 1856; Anna White, b. Sept. 17, 1862. Dickinson, George E.,' Eurotas,^ lives at Florence; m. July 8, 1868, Emma A. Hayden. Dickinson, Noah,' Lyman,* m. April 9, 1860, Adaline Scott; chil. Mary Esther ; Nettie Maria ; Hiram.; Herbert. Dickinson, Ashley G.,' Lyman,* lives in Westfield; m. Dec. 5, 1856, Jane H. Stebbins, of Deerfield ; chil. Gertrude L., b. Deo. 26, 1866 ; William A., b. Oct. 8, 1858; Kittie M., b. April 17, 1862; Jennie S., b. Feb. 24, 1864. Dickinson, Benjamin.^ M. D., 1787^1804, Benjamin,* Nathaniel,3 Nathaniel,^ Nathaniel ;• from Sunderland ; lived in the Lane ; rem. to Hudson, N. Y. ; wife, Sarah; chil. Charles, b. May 10, 1774; Justus, b. Jan. 8, 1780; Sarah, b. Aug. 22, 1788; Levinus, b. Sept. 10, 1792. Dickinson, Charles,^ Benjamin,^ M. D., a saddler; kept tavern where Sylvester and Horace Graves now live ; rem. to Heath. He m. Oct. 30, 1798, Sarah Wells, dau. of Rev. Rufus; child, Bufus Wdls, b. Feb. 16, 1800. Dickinson, Joel,* Nathaniel,^ Joseph,^ Nathaniel,' 1752. (See p. 61.) He was b. March 23, 1716; rem. to Conway; chil. Elias ; Joel; Nathaniel; Beuben; Mabel; Rachel; Betsey. DOANE, Samuel; from Eastham ; son of Samuel; b. June 22, 1808; m. March 17, 1831, Miranda Crafts, dau. of Reuben; chil. Charlotte M.,-. b. Sept. 22, 1831, d. July 7, 1843; Lucius P., b. Sept. 20, 1833; Leoi ■"'■i! 227 W. L., b. Oct. 2, 1835, m. Mary E. Phillips; Oscar L., b. Sept. 7, 1838, d. in the army. Donovan, Edmund, son of John, b. Nov. 1, 1820; lives on the Euro- tas Dickinson placed He m. Catharine Mason, dau. of George; chil. John, b. Dec. 16, 1816; Eliza, b. July 20, 1848; Jame$, b. July 31, 1850; Catharine, b. Oct. 15, 1852; Mary A., b. Oct. 15, 1854; Edward, b. Oct. 16, 1859; Paer, b. Nov. 23, 1861. Eaton, Asa, 1788, a cooper; taxed on " faculty," 1789, £0 \s. Eaton Jesse, 1788, a brother of Asa and William. Eaton, William, 1788, a blacksmith ; lived in the Straits ; chil. Asa, m. 1794, Polly Fisk, of Wendell; Joseph; perhaps others. Edson, Samubl,! Salem, 1639; rem. to Bridgewater; deacon; rep.; m. Susanna Orcutt. Edson, JosppH,^ East Bridgewater; m. (1) Experi- ence Field; (2) Mary Turner. Edson, Timothy,3 m. 1719, Mary Alden, dau. of Joseph. Edson, Jonathan,* 1773; b. 1728, Stafford, Ct. ; rem. to Ash'field, thence to Whately ; built a house east of the S. C. school-house ; d. Feb. 13, 1805. He m. Mehitable Lilly; she d. June 20, 1805, aged 77; chil. Timothy; Jonathan; Mehitable, b. May 11, 1751, m. Martin Graves; Hannah, m. Paul Belden, Jr. ySarah, b. 1757, m. Russell AUis ; Polly, m. John Bardwell; Olive, m. Thomas Smith; Amasa, b. April 13, 1763; Samuel, m. Miriam Edson. Edson, Timothy^s rem. to Brookfield, Vt., and d. Sept. 30, 1834. Hem. (1) Dec. 23, 1790, Hannah Bardwell ; she d. Sept. 13, 1798; (2) Oct. 24, 1799, Mercy Graves ; she d. March 25, 1841 ; chil. Justus, bap. July 15, 1793, m. (1) Polly Paine ; (2) wid. Chamberlain ; Sarah ; Elijah, m. Dency White; Hannah, m. Normas Goodale ; Linus; Electa, m. Edson ; Betsey, ra. Hiram Webb ; Chester. Edson, Jonathan ;^ he and his bro. Amasa lived on Dry hill ; rem. to Brookfield, Vt. ; m. Rebecca Graves, dau. of Oliver; chil. Anna, m. Joel Brown ; Salmon, bap. June 25, 1786, m. Mary White ; Jonathan, m. Polly Edson; Sophia, m. (1) Horatio Crane; (2) Simon Cotton; Lucius, m. Matilda Ainsworth ; Betsey. Edson, Amasa,^ after the b. of his fourth child rem. to Brookfield, Vt. j d. Feb. 9, 1853. He m. Dec. 14, 1786, Hannah Morton, dau. of Oliver; chil. Jerah, b. April 11, 1788, m. Sophia Stiles ; Harris, b. Aug. 21, 1791 ; Polly, b. Sept. 29, 1793, m. Salmon Edson; Oliver, b. Sept. 22, 1796; Lura, b. Sept. 1, 1798, m. Spencer Graves ; Emily, b. Dec. 14, 1800, m. Caleb A. Stratton ;' Sophila,h. Nov. 13, 1803, m. Elijah Lyman; Hannah, b. Oct. lb, 1806, m. Reuben Peck. Epson, Harris,' m. (1) Mary Thatcher; shed. Sept, 8, 1834; (2) Jan. 29, 1835, Emily Thatcher ; she d. Aug.. 16, 1867; Chil. George H., b. Aug. 30, 1826, d. May 1, 1865 ; Martha M., K May 26, 1828, d. July 8, 1831; Eliza, b, Feb. 24, 1831, d. Aug. 6,1857; Ifary, b. Mar. 4, 1833, d. young; AheH E., b. Feb. 10, 1834, d. young; Charles M., b. Jan. 6, 1837, d, June 6, 1838; CatharineT., b. June 11, 1837, d. Oct. 25, 1866; 2^ Emry, b. Nov. 13, 1838, d. young; Oharles A., b. Dec. 14, 1840, d. March 7, 1864; Martha A., b. May 19, 1843, m. Freeman A. Crafts; Edmn T., b. Aug. 31, 1848, d. Sept. 6, 1856. Elder, Wii.liam.i Elder, John.s b. April 15, 1791; m. Jan. 13, 1814, Anna Chamberlain ; ohil. Williydia Leonard, b. 1726 ; chil. Amasa, b. June 26, 1743, John, h. June 3,, 1716, m. Lois Parker; Lydia, b. June 26, 1748,- m. Zebediah Graves ; Elihu, b. May 16, 1750 ; Jemima, b. Feb. 19, 1752, m. David Ingram; NathaUth. July 19, 1764; Asa, b. Sept. 22, 1758, moved to Rutland, Vt. ; Eeuhen, b. Mar. 16, 1760, m. Lydia Lyon ; Leonwrd, (dau.) March'25, 1763, m. Joseph Porter ; Daniel, b. Sept. 26, 1769, rem. to Rutland. He lived on Chestnut Mountain; and he and his boys were famous marksmen and hunters. He d. Aprjl 2, 1786 ; wife Leonard, d. June 7, 1784. Graves, David,* David,* b. June 7, "1733, m. Mary Smith, May 4, 1758 ; chil. Martha, b. Feb. 13, 1759, m. Abel Scott; Joanna, b. May 21, 1760, m. Seth Crafts ; Moses, b. Aug. 12, 1763 ; Abigail, b. Feb. 12, 1767, m. Oliver Graves ; Levi, b. Nov. 7, 1769; Phineas, b. Aug. 13, 1772; Calvin, h. Oct. 6, 1774, m. Robinson, moved to !^ookfield, Yi. ; David, h. June 3, 1777, d. young; Mary, b. Nov. 15, 1778, m. Moses Dickinson. He d. Dec. 20, 1816 ; wife Margaret, Jan. 2, 1808. He lived where Rufus Graves lives. He built the house in 1768 ; a part of it was moved from " Bashan." Graves, Matthew,* David,* m. Hannah Morton, dau. of Daniel; she was b. Sept. 7, 1744; chil. Israel, b. abt. 1760, m. Lydia Wells; Charles, b. abt. 1762, m. Lucy Brown, dau. of Josiah ; Henrietta, b. 1764, m. Reu- ben Crafts ; Sophia, m. Josiah Brown, J'r. ; Fanny, h. Dec. 21, 1775, m. Hascall Raihsford, July 12, 1792; Hannah, b. March 8> 1780, jj. Dr. Jonathan Johnson, Dec. 28, 179,7; Consider, b. 1782, m. M^hitablFWait, moved to Ohio, rem. to Norwich, N. Y. He d. Sept. 10, 1824 ; wife Hannah, d. March 28, 1813. Graves, Martin,* 'David,* m. Mehitable Edson, April 27, 1775. He lived in Christian Lane, where Erastus Crafts now does; chil. Lucius, b. Oct. 27, 1776; Mehitable, h. March 24, 1778, d. young; Mehitable, b. March 20, 1779, m. Thomas Crafts; Simeon, b. Jan. 16, 1781 ; David, b. Oct. 14,1782; Jonathan, b. June 9, 1784, d. young; Abigail, b. April, 24, 1786, d. young; Jonathan, b. Aug. 13, 1787, d. young; Perez, h. July lit 1788, d. April 22, 1871, aged 82 ; Rowland, b. Feb. 3, 1791 ; Submit, b. Feb. 6, 1793, d. young. He d. Oct. 20, 1822; wife Mehitable, d; Dee. 11, 1836. Graves, Simeon,* David,* m. Jane . He d. abt. 1800; lived north of the Seth Smith place. GkA-VEs, Israel,* Israel,* m. Anna Brown, July 21, 1782 ; chil. Anna, b. Nov. 28, 1782; Israel, b. Jan. 21, 1786, m. Zama Nims, moved to Prattsburg, N. Y. ; Charles, b. Nov. 14, 1786, m. Patty Wait, dau. of Nathan, Deo. 16, 1813 ; Mary, b. Aug. 14, 1788, m: Stephen Luca ; Horaee, b. Aug. 18, 1790, m. Axie Harwood, moved west ; Adency, h. Jan. 18, 1792, m. Joseph Mather; Luther, b. Jan. 16, 1794, m. three times, lives in Prattsburg, N. Y. ; Matilda; b. Feb. 2, 1796, m. Horace Scott; Epa'phrO- 235 dittti, h. Sept. 3, 1798, unra., moved west; Electa, b. Dec. 3, 1800, m. Jas. P. Cook. Anna, wife of Israel, d. July 21, 1816; and he m. (2) Phebe Train, June 3, 1817. He lived where Walter Elder now lives. Graves, Joel.s Israel,* m. Lucy Martin ; b. Dec. 28, 1766, m. 1787 ; chil. Eleazar, b. Feb. 27, 1788; Alvan, b. July U, 1790; Barah, b. Feb. 20, 1793; Gamaliel, b. March 14, 1796; Almira, b. Sept. 30; 1798; Waller, b. July-26, 1801; Lucy, b. Nov. .6, 1804. He with his family moved to Williamstown, Vt. Graves, Selah,^ Oliver,* m. Mary. Strong; chil. Elyna, b. Feb. 21, 1786 ; William, b. Nov. 22, 1787, Erastus, b. June 19, 1789 ; Jmtus, b. Feb. 19, 1791; OZiuer, b. Jag. 27, 1793; Paulina, b. Nov. 23, 1794, d. Nov. 1797 ; Sdah, b. March 10, 1797 ; Paulina, b. April 4, 1799, m. Bar- nabas G. Alden, Sept. 14, 1835; Martha, b. June 6, 1801, d. Dec. 25, 1869 ; Eodolphus, b. April 7, 1808, m. Luthera Partridge. He d. Aug. 31, 1827 ; wife Mar^S., d. Dec. 9,' 1839. Graves, Oliver^ Oliver,* ni. Abigail Graves, dau. of David, Jan. 26, 1794 ; chil. Spencer, b, Jan. 18, 1795 ; Sylvester, b. May 19, 1796 ; Syl- vanus, b. Sept. 21, 1797, d. Aug. 6, 1808; Electa, b. Jan. 24, 1799; m. Gad Crafts ; Randall, b. July 18, 1800 ; Leoi, b. March 14, 1802 ; Chester, b. June 6, 1803, d. Jan. 31, 1832; Horace, b. Aug. 6, 1805; Harriet, b. Dec. 14, 1806. Lived in Chri.stian Lane, where S. and H. Graves— his sons— live. He d. Dec. 10, 1852; his wife Abigail d. Aug. 11, 1865. Graves, Salmon,' Oliver,* m. Experience Arms, Jan. 30, 1794. He lived where Porter Wells now does ; a carpenter and bridge-builder ; chil. Naomi, b. Feb. 24, 1795, m. Henry Anderson; Lyman, b. Aug. 21, 1796; Experience, Ij. March 23, 1799 ; Salmon, b. April 28, 1800; Elijah Arms, b. Nov. 29, 1803; Lucinda, b. Feb. 12, 1808, d. May 27, 1809. SrRAVBS, Elijah,* Oliver,* m. Lucy Crafts, dau. of Graves Crafts and Eunice Graves; chil. Jerry, b. April 24, 1809; Oliver, b. July 19, 1811; Rebecca, b. JUly 2, 1813, m. John F. Bardwell, April 80, 1841. Graves, Moses,* David,' m. Abigail Crafts, dau. of Benoni, Feb. 8, 1787 ; lived where Lucius Graves now does ; chil. Experience, b. Dec. 1, 1787, d. Jan 6, 1788 ; Quartus, b. Oct. 30, 1789, d. Sept. 25, 17U; Linus, b. Aug. 16, 1792; Eurotas, b. Aug. 3, 1794; QuaHus, b. Jan. 25, 1797, d. abt. 1857; Experience, b. July 1, 1799, m. Lyman Dickinson; Sophia, b. April 2, 1802, m. Hiram Robinson ; Martha, b. Oct. 10, 1804, m. Silas Rice ; Lucius, b. July 17, 1806 ; Asher and Ashley; twins, b. March 31, 1809. Moses d. Dec. 19, 1827 ; Abigail d. Feb. 18, 1853. Graves, Levi,* David,' m. Editha Field, dau. of Medad, May 23, 1805 ; lived where his son Rufus Graves now does ; chil. Hannah, b. Apr. 14, 1806, m. Bannister Morton; Ruftu, b. July 18, 1808, d. Jan. 29, 1810; Rufus, b. Aug. 12, 1810; Elvira, b. Nov. 3, 1812, m. Dennis Dick- inson; Mary, b. March 13, 1816, d. Jan. 7, 1845; Emily, h. Aug. 1, 1817, d. Feb. 10, 1844; Julia, b. Nov. 24, 1819; Lemud, b. Sept. 10, 1825. Levi d. April 22, 1844; Editha d. Feb. 22, 1854. Graves, Phinehas," David,' m. Sarah Morton, dau. of Levi, Nov. 30, 1797 ; chil. Miranda, b. Feb. 2, 1799, m. Malachi Smith ; Electa, b. Nov. 236 22, 1800, m, Israel Chapin ; Horace, b. 1802; Asenafh, b. 1804; j&ewi*, b. 1806, m. Hannah Chapin ; David, b. 1808, m. Lydia Calhoun. Graves, John,* Dea. Nathan,* m. Lois Parker, dau. of Abraham ; lived on Grass Hill ; (Anl. Sophia, b. Sept. 24, 1774, m. James Warner; Sahra, b. May 19, 1777, m. Gilbert Smith, Feb. 8, 1798 ; John, b. Dec. 4, 1779, m. Mehitable Coleman; Solomon, b. Dec. 11, 1781; Justus, b. Jan. 13, 1784; Nathan, b. July 25, 1786, d. young; Louis, b. May 11, 1788, d. young; Ehoda, b. April 18, 1791, m. Orange Field, April 8, 1811. GkaVes, Amasa,* Dea. Nathan,* m. Phebe Gary, July 13, 1709; ehil. Nathan; Stephen; Amasa, m. Sally Bird, of Wh., Dec. 1, 1803 ; Anna, m, Jonas Williams ; Phebe, m. Loveland ; ^ydia, ra. Timothy Graves ; Erastus, m. Melinda Lyon, June 6, 1798. The family rem. to Middle- field. Graves, REUBEN.e Dea. Nathan.s m. Lydia Lyon, Aug. 18, 1784 ; lived on Chestnut mountain; chil. Beuben, bap. Aug. '2, 17^, m. Nancy Brad- ford ; Leonard, bap. Dec. 31, 1797, m. Mrs. Maria E. Strong, March 29, 1836; Lucretia, b. abt. 1791, m. (1) Solomon Graves; (2) J'ona. Dickin- son ; some others that d. young. Graves, Lucius, ° Martins m. Laurana Smith, dan. of Joel, April 27, 1809 ; lived where Erastus Crafts now does ; chil. Elizabeth D., b. Feb. 20, 1810, m. Thomas C. Wright, March 11, 1835 ; Sylvanus, b. Jan. 9, 1812, m. Mary E. Chandler, June 6, 1833; Abigail S., b. July 14, 1714, m. PhiloB. Richardson, 1840; Esther Field, b. Dec. 7, 1816, m. Hophni Clapp, June 28, 1836 ; Tryphena, b. Dec. 22, 1818, m. James De Lain, Oct. 14, 1811; Lucia Ann, b. March 13, 1821, d. young; Diana, b. Nov. 8, 1823, m. Frederick Wright, Nov. 7, 1850 ; Walstein, b. Match 21, 1826, m. Sophronia Clark, Oct. 24, 1850. The family rem. to Chicopee Falls, where he died. • Graves, Simbon.s Martin,6 m. Gratia Trescott, dau. of John Trescott, Jan. 19, 1809 ; a wheelwright, and lived where now is the hotfse of Alonzo Crafts; chil. Lorision, h. Dec. 7, 1809; Jonathan E., b. July 30, 1811, d. Aug., 1813; Herams, b. July 31, 1813; Sarah Ann, b. July 3, 1816, d. Sept. 14, 1831 ; Miranda, b. Feb. 15, 1818, m. Sylvester Bannister, d. April 6, 1864 ; Amasa Edson, b. Feb. 6, 1820 ; John Trescott, b, Jan. 1, 1822 ; George, b. Sept. 15, 1823. He d. Dec. 28, 1846 ; wife Gratia, d. Feb. 19, 1867. Graves, David,' Martin,* m. Sarah Dickinson, dau. of Jehu, April 27, 1809 ; a blacksmith ; worked with Eurotas Dickinson ; chil. Delia D., d. June 14, -1859 ; Eleanor P. ; Anjennette, d. June 28, 1845 ; Sarah, d. March 30, 1847; Nelson D., m. Emily Stratton. The family rem. to Brookfield, Vt. He d. June 7, 1850 ; she d. July 17, 1865. Graves, Charles,' Israel* m. Patty Wait, dau. of Nathan, Dec. 16, 1813; chil. Elam, h. March 6, 1815; Harriet, b. May 4, 1817. He d. June. 16, 1829; wife Patty, d. Aug. 21, 1854. Graves, Pltna,' Selah,5 m. Lucinda Field, dau. of Noah, 1812; a carpenter; chil. ^raraMin, b. September 1, 1812; Noah Field, h. J a.n. 20, 1816, d. Sept. 15, 1819 ; Alonnso, b. April 15, 1818 ; Edward, b. May 237 11, 1820; Noah Fidd, b. July 20, 1822; Lucinda, b. Deo. 17, 1824, m. Reuben Crafts ; Clarissa, b. March 18, 1828, m. E. A. Adkins ; Mart/ Ann, b. Feb. 5, 1831, m. S. S. Graves; Jane, b. Dec. 17,. 1833; m. Ches- ter G. Crafts. He d.Aug. 5, 1858; wife Lucinda, d. Sept. 25, 18.i6. . Graves, Wii.liam,6 Selah,* m. Wealthy Smith, of Sunderland; she was b. Nov. 10, 1799, m. Aug. 31, a836 ; lived on Spruce hill; chil. Brainard S., b. Feb. 1, 1840, d. July 26, 1840; Brainard S., b. April 20, 1842 ; Mary A., b. May 1, 1840,^d. Dec. 8, 1863. He moved to Con- way, and d. July 23, 1857 ; wife d. Dec. 16, 1862. Graves, Erastus,* Selah,* m. (1) Rhoda Kingsley ; (2) Lucy Swift, wid. of Heman Swift, and dau. qf Jacob Mosher. He d. March 9, 1871 ; wife Rhoda, d. Dec. 2.5, 1850; s. p. Graves, Justus,* Selah,' m. Miriam Crafts, dau. of Graves, April 30, 1840. He d. June 3, 1857, aged 66; wife Miriam, d. Dec. 21, 1846, aged 51 ; s. p. Gravbs, Oliver," Selah,* m. Electa Frary, dau. of Seth, Jan. 19, 1815; chil. Dwight, b. 1819, d.. Sept. 18, 1842; Sylvia, b. Feb. 13, 1822, m. John Cook. He d. Sept. 10, 1859. Gravks, Selah,8 Selah,5 m. (1) Martha Smith, dau. of Asa and Judith, Sept. 18, 1822; (2) Mary Jane Johnson, Oct.- 17, 18C8 ; cjiil. Judith Smith, b. June 5, 1823, d. Jane 5, 1866; Selah Smith, b. Aug. 6, 1825; Erastu.1 Lorenzo, b. June 12, 1829. Wife Martha, d. Feb. 5, 1859. Graves, Rodolpiius,* Selah,' m. Sophiai* Luthera Partridge, dau. of David ; chil. Mary Sophia, b. Sept. 17, 1847, d. young-; Emma Augusta, b. March 1, 1841. He rem. to Randolph, Vt. Graves, Spencbr,6 Oliver,* m. Lura Edson, dau. of Amasa, Feb. 19, 1825; chil. Francis H., b. Jan. 10, 1827; Elizabeth, b. Jan. 22, 1829;' William Spencer, b. March 27, 1831, m. Orpha E. Howe, March 21, 1855 ; Harriet, b. Jan. 29, 1835, m. Henry Dutton, March, 1859; Maria M., b. Sept. 22, 1837, m. Terence Carrigan, Dec. 4, 1862; Albert, b. Oct. 5, 1840. Graves, Randai.1,,6 Oliver,^ m. (1) Martha Scott, dau. of Abel, March 21, 1833; chil. Judith Luthera, b. Jan. 1, 1834. Wife Martha d. March 13, 1836 ; m. (2) Malista Packard, Nov. 7, lf39 ; m. (3) Mrs. Mary Ann Sanderson, Sept., 1844; chil. Mary Elizabeth, b. Oct. 11, 1849, i^ Fred. J. Root, March 30, 1869; Helen Luanna, b. Dec. 7, 1851. Graves, Lbvi,^ Oliver,^ m. [Bathsheba Wait, dau. of Jeremiah, Jan. 18, 1827; she d. Oct. 23, 1871, aged 71 ; chil. Henry Richardson, b. Oct. 23,1827; Francis Harwood, b. Sept. 9,1830; George Smith, h. June 3, 1834 ; Edward Everett, b. Nov. 19, 1837 ; Dwight David, b. June 3, 1842. Graves, Lyman.b Capt. Salmon,^ m. Anna Electa Morton, dau. of Oliver and Johanna, Jan. 24, 1822 ; chil. Theodosia M., b. Oct. 25, 1822 ; Dolly Ann, h. Nov. 18, 1826, ra. Edwin Bardwell, of Williamsburg; Sophia, b. May 9, 1831, m. Lyman P. Dickinson, of Williamsburg; Chauncy Arms, b. June 22, 1833. Graves, Elijah.s Capt. Salmon.s m. (1) Louisa Smith ; (2) Julia Hart, oA- Northampton. . 238 Graves, JEnRE.s Elijah,* m. Electa Dickinson, dau. of Da:niel, April 16, 1835; lived where his father and grand-father lived; chil. Luann'a, m. (1) Bera Wilsey ; (2) Paine ; Washington, b. April 11, 18-15. Graves, Oliver,^ Elijah,* m. Clarissa Eliza Warner, April 27, 1837 ; chil. Henry Moore, b. Jan. 1, 1839, m. Electa S. Jones; Oliver Stanley, b. Aug. 15, 1840, m. Martha D. l^ash, Nov. 26, 1863. Graves, Sol(?mon,''' John,6 m. Lucretia Graves, dau. of Reuben, Nov. 3, 1803; a blacksmith; chil. Almon; Philander. Wife Lucretia, m. (2) Jonathan Dickinson, of Williamsburg. Graves, John,' John,^ m. Mehitable Colman, dau; of Nathaniel, Sept. 16, 1803. Graves, Rtrrus,' Levi,« m. Mrs. Julia Dane, dau. of Bryant Nutting and Matilda Belding ; lives in Christian Lane, on the place formerly owned by his grand-father ; chil. Lemuel ; George. Graves, Lemuel,'' Levi,' m. Martha Miller, dau. of Alvab, May 23, 1850. Built the house where C. L. Thayer lives ; ch. Mary, b. Dec. 4, 1851 ; d. Oct. 23, 1854. He d. May 28, 1855. Graves, Reuben,' Reuben,* m. Nancy Bradford, dau. of Edward; lived on Chestnut Mountain ; chil. Elvira L., b. April 25, 1824; m. Allen Bryant, Sept. 24, 1849 ; Lorette A., b. Jan. 31, 1827 ; m. Miles B. Mor- ton, Dee. 23, 1864; Charles P., b. May, 1829; Charlotte M., b. Aug. 27, 1851; ra. Allen Bryant, June 28, 1860 ; Henry D.; Almeron E.; d. Aug. 12, 1839, aged 20 mos. ; Mbert H., b. April 27, 1840. He d. Aug. 13, 1848 ; wife Nancy* d. Aug. 27, 1856. Graves, Leonard,'' Reuben.^ m. Mrs. Maria Strong, March 29, 1836, dau. of Buel, of Westfield; chil. Samuel Porter, b. Sept. 10, 1840; m. Serintha Graves; Ellen Maria, b. Feb. 12, 1842; m. Norman S. Corn- well, March 3, 1858. Graves, Linus,'' Moses,* ra. Electa Robbins, dau. of Elihu Robbina and Patty White, April 30, 1823; b. Nov. 1, 1796; child, George Alexan- der, b. May 2, 1824. He d. April 24, 1840. Graves, Eurotas,' Moses,«m. Dolly Burnett ; chiL Caroline E.,h.aht, 1830; d. Feb. 22, 1849, aged 19; Walter D., b. about 1832; Mary B., b. 1834; d. Dec. 13, 1866. He d. 1847. GRA'^fes, Lucius,'' Moses.s m. Lydia Dickinson Dodge, dau. of Caleb, Dec. 18, 1851 ; b. June 25, 1825 ; lives in Christian Lane, where his father used to; chil. Caroline E., b. Nov. 17, 1862; Alice L., b. July 8, 1855; Lydia D., b. Nov. 13, 1867 ; Frederick L., b. Dec. 25, 1858 ; Louis E., b. July 12, 1860; d. Sept. 3, 18C0; MaHon Worthington, b. Oct. 12, 1869. Graves, Ashley,'' Moses,6 m. Aug. 6, 1845, Susan M. Wheelock, dau. of Martin Wheelock, of Leicester; chil. .46626 J., b. Aug. 30, 1846 ; m. E. H. Stearns; Albert A., b. Dec. 18, 1848; Emma S., b.. March 6, 1852. Graves, Franklin,'' Plyna,6 m. Louisa Wait, dau. of Calvin, Nov. 13, 1834; carpenter; chil. Dorothy Bigelow, b. Sept. 8, 1836; m. Erastus L. Graves; Ellen Maria, b. Nov. 1, 1844; m. Henry Botom. Graves, AlonzO,'' Plyna.e m. Sophronia Rice, dau. of Daniel Rice aiM 239 Sarah Brown, March 27, 1845. She was b. Oct. 6, 1824; carpenter; rem. to Greenfield; chil. Ashmun T., b. Sept 23, 1846; Clark 0., b. Dec. 15, 1849; Gary Clifford, b. Deo. 7; 1852; Sophronia A., b. Aug. 6, 1854; wife Sophronia d. Aug. 26, 1854; m. (2) Sophronia L.- Field, dau. of Jesse Field, March 21, 1855. She was b. Dec. 26, 1829; chil. Burke Field, b. Oct. 18, 1858 ; Cyrus Stowell^h. July 27, 1863 ; Mary Lucinda, . b. Aug. 1, 18C8. Graves, Edward,'' Plyna,^ xn. Elizabeth Wait, dau. of Calvin ; rem. to Heath ; chil. Sarah, b. Oct. 18, 1843 ; m. Brooks McCloud ; Emma Maria, b. April 26, 1851 ; d. Sept. 5, 1858 ; Charles E., b. Dec. 22, 1855. Graves, Noah Field,' Plyna,6 m. Mary S. Bigelow, dau. of Samuel Bigelow, Jan. 4, 1849; removed to N. Amherst;, chil. Ella Louisa, b. July 14, 1851 ; m. Law^on Lyman, May 10, 1871 ; Mary Electa, b. Aug. 7, 1853 ; Hattie Maria, b. Dec. 11, 1858 ; Fred Sherman, b. Sept. 1, 1869. Graves, Selah Smith,' Selah,6 m. Mary Ann Graves, dau. of Plyna, Sept. 27, 1854; a carpenter; chil. Ida Jane, b. March 8, 1859; Cora Martha, b. Nov. 1, 1860; d. July 16, 1861. Wife Mary d. April 26, 1861. Graves, Erastus L.,'' Selah,6 m. Dorothy Bigelow Graves, daughter of Franklin Graves and Louisa Wait, Sept. 8, 1835 ; carpenter ; child, Ara- bella Louisa. Graves, Stlvanus,''' Lucius,^ m. Mary E. Chandler, Jan. 16, 1833 ; she was b. Jan. 12, 1811 ; chil. Edmund E., b. Feb. 27, 1836 ; d. April 26, 1836 ; Lucia Ann, b. Aug. 19, 1837 ; m. L. L. Hooker, Sept. 25. 1856 ; Julia M., b. April 22, 1840 ; m. Newton S. Barnes, July 3, 1866 ; Harriet C, b.gfuly 10, 1842;' m. Wm. Clark, Aug. 13, 1864; Mary E., b. Nov. 11,1845; ra. George Bennett, Jan. 19, 1871; William L., b. Aug. 22, 1849 ; d. Oct. 5, 1851 ; Emma J., h. Sept. 14, 1851. Wife, Mary E., d. July 13, 1856. He d. Nov. 12, 1871. GRAVBa, Walstein,' LuGius,° m. Sophronia M. Clark, Oct. 24, 1850; carpenter; lives in Easthampton ; chil. Abbie S., b. July 4, 1851 ; Edward L., b. July 5, 18.54; Lewis Walstein, b. Deo. 14, 1858; Lilian May, b. March 2, 1862 ; Fred Clark, b. July 4, 1868. Graves, Chauncy A.,' Lyman,^ m. Mary E. Blynn, dau. ofElias Blynn, of New Britain, Ct., Jan. 1, 1856. She was b. Feb. 11, 1844; chil. Emma Louisa, b. Nov. 27, 1856 ; Emory Edgar, b. Sept. 4, 1858 ; Nellie Jane, b. Feb. 23, 1861 ; Albert Elias, b. Oct. 30, 1863; Frederick Lyman, b. March 4, 1866 ; George Whitfield, b. June 5, 1859. Graves, Loriston,'' Simeon,^ m. (1) Susan C. Towne, dau. of Josiah, Jan. 19, 1836. She d. Feb. 15, 1844; chil. Harriet M., b. Jan. 28, 1837; m. Henry Towne; Mary Jane, b. Feb. 12, 1839; d. Dec. 4, 1810; Oscar E., h. Dec. 28, 1811; George Edgar, b. Nov. 16, 1842; d. Oct. 8, 1870. He m. (2) Emily Topliff, 18.i9 ; child, Luna, b. Dec. 10, 1861. Graves, Amasa Edson,' Simeon,* m. Huldah Flint, July 8,' 1845 ; chil. Alice Jane, b. Oct. 5, 1846 ; Arthur Dane, b.May 18, 1852 ; Emma Jetinett, b. Oct. 25, 1853; Moline Ursula, b. Jan.- 18, 1856. 240 Graves, John Trescott,'' Simeon.6 Read law with Judge Chase, of Randolph, Vt., practiced in Austin, Texas, where he was in 1861, when the Rebellion broke out. In trying to get North, was captured and con- fined in Libby prison 4 months ; escaped in disguise. Was in Government employ during the war, Q. M.- Dept. ; m. Annie B. Baldwin, Nov. 27, 18G7. Graves, HenBy R.,'' Levi,' m. Laura C. Tufts, dan. of Benj. Tufts and Phebe Haynes, April 27, 1853. She was b. April 17, 1831. Lives in Hatfield; child, Mattie Maria, b. Jan. 10, 185.5. Graves, Francis H,' Levi,' m. Abbie A. Morgan, dau. of Isaac Mor- gan and Sarah Barker, Jan. 1, 1863. She was b. Jan. 22, 1837. Lives in Granby. Graves, George S;,' Levi,' m. Ellen A. Jones,' dau. of Samuel Jones, Nov. 24, 1858. She' was b. Feb. 27, 1837 ; liyes in Florence ; chil. Frank ; Lillie. Graves, Edward E.,' Levi,' m. Isabel Mary Jones, dau. of Samuel, Nov. 2, 1865; she was b. July 25, 1841; lives in Florence; child, Arthur Eugene, b. April 12, 1868. Graves, Ei.am,''' Chafles,^ m. Eunice B. Graves, dau. of John, of Wil- liamsburg, Sept. 18, 1844; lives in Haydenville; chil. Charles H., b. Sept. 18, 1845 ; m. Oct. 26,- 1870, Ellen O. Tower, of Cheste^rfield ; Lizme Jl., b. May 10, 1848; m. June 23. 1869, Dr. Wm. M. Trow; MaHka A., b. April 30, 1856; d. July 5, 1857.- Wife Eunice d. Sept. 6, 1860, and he ra, (2) May 1 1, 1870, Mrs. L. I. Jerold. Graves, Henry Dwight.8 Reuben,' m. Orpha Damon, dau. of Reuben, of Chesterfield. Lived on Chestnut Mt. ; chil. Edward Forrester, b. Aug. 16, 1857 ; Ida Estella, b. Feb. 19, 1861 ; d. Oct. 11, 1861. Ilenry^., d. Jan. 11, 18U3. Wifs Orpha iJ. Oct. 25, 1866. Graves, Albert IlARKisOJr,^ Reuben,' m. Rosa J. Page, of Newbury, Vt., dau. of Enoch Page, Oct. 19, 1865. A blacksmith; rem. to Fitch- burg; child, Minnie Isabel, b. Oct. .8, 1857; Graves, Leonard P. ,8 Reuben,'' m. Serintha Graves, Jan. 13, 1863; chil. Gertrude, b. Sept. 9, 1866; Henry P., b. March 1, 1868; HerbeH G., b. Dec. 9, 1869. Graves, Brainarb S.,8 William,' ra. Dec. 14, 1860, Eliza M. Parker, of Conway. Lives in Conway; chil. Anna M., b. Oct. 27, 1866; Jennie E., b. Nov. 30, 1867; d. Sept. 1, 1869; William I., b. April 6, 1869; Charles E., b. Dec. 14, 1870. Graves, Wm. E.,3 Elijah.a of Williamsburg, Perez,i b. Nov. 9, 1817 ; m. Abigail Sanderson, dau. of Asa, Nov.' 27, 1848; chil. George Lewis, b. Jan. 9, 1851 ; d. Dec. 7, 1861 ; drowned ; Buth Emma, b. April 17, 1853 ; d. May 1, 1853. Gray, Alfred W. ,3 Moses,^ Aaron, i lived where W. H. Fuller now lives ; rem. to Prescott; b. June 16, 1810; m. Nov., 1831, Caroline Aldrich, dau. of Peleg; chil. Alfred 0. ; Dexter W.; Helen C, b. Oct. 31, 1836; William W ; Charles M. ; Edioin E. ; George F. Gray, Nathaniel. From Pelham. Lived N. of Seth Smith's ; chil. ■241 Ebmesser Maeomber, b. Oct. 18, 1806; Salome Wright, b. March 3, 1809; Harriet Newell, b. Nov. 20, 1815; Philena Macomher, b. Oct. 15, 1816. Grimes, Samdel, b, in Goshen, Sept. 21, 1770 ; son of Samuel and Mary (Hinckley) Grimes, 1797 ; merchant ; lived where Leonard Loomis now lives ; d. March 24, 181^. He m. Hannah Field. She m. (2) Oliver Cooley, of So. Deerfield, s. p. HAFBy, Jerbe, lives on the George Dane place; m. Mary Eagan; chil. Anna, b. Sept. 23, 1865; Bridget, b. April 12, 1868; Nicholas, b. Oct." 2, 1869. Hafby, Nicholas, lives on the Joshua Belden^ place ; m. Mary Powers ; child, Johanna, b. Jane 15, 1868. Handbrhan, Michael, b. Feb. 18, 1830, m. MaryHafey; chil, Thomas, b. Feb. 1, 1856; Nancy, b. March 12, 1857; Margaret, b. Feb. 17, 1859; Nicholas, b. April 3, 1863; John, b. Feb. 22, 1864; Joanna, b. Aug. 2, 1866. Harding, Samuel, 1776, from Woodstock, Ct. ; lived where Asa Dick- inson now lives. He m. (1} Anna Fisher ; (2) Dinah Johnson ; chil. Timothy; Stephen; Abigail; Ahijah and Abial, twins, b. 1760; (Abial m. Olive ; had John;) Eeziah ; Esther, b. 1764, m. Justin Morton. Harrington, Thomas, 1777, probably from Lexington; b. 1748, m. July 4, 1771»Luoy Perry, and had Elizabeth, b. Dec. 19, 1773. Hakris, Lemuel Gay, m. Dec. 2, 1845, Caroline Belden, dau. of Seth; chil. Qeorge L., b. Oct. 7, 1846, m. Lizzie M. Sawtelle; SethB., b. April 17, 1849; William L., b. July 6, 1862; Come Jf., b. Oct. 26, 1857. Hart, Murray, a tinner ; lived on the Zebina Bartlett place ; d. Sept. • 26, 1812. He m. Lucy Newell ; had two daughters ; wife Lucy m. (2) April 18, 1815, John Graves. Harvey, , m. Anna Sanderson, dau. of Joseph ; had Pavl. Harvey, Elihu,3 Elibu,^ Capt. Moses, i of Montague ; b. Jan. 13, 1793, m. Submit Sanderson, dau. of Isaac ; she d. May 7, 1846 ; chil. Cly- mena E., b. Jan. 4, 1815, m. Col. R. B. Harwood; Tryphena S., b. Jan. 2, 1817; Isaac S., b. Dec. 26, 1818; Lucy B., b. Aug. 6, 1821, d. young; Stephen B., b. Sept. 14, 1823 ; Elihu, b. May 19, 1826. Harvey, Stephen B.,^ m. Sarah A. Best, dau. of Benjamin, of Work- ley, Eng. ; b. Dec. -11, 1828 ; chil. Albert E., b. June 1, 1848, m. Mar- garet Fitzpatriok; Charles W., b. June 6, 1849 ; Edward 8., h. Nov. 26, 1861; Minnie A., h.U&y 22, 1855; Alice N., b. Feb. 20, 1857; Nellie S., b. April 24, 1858; Emma J., h. Dec. 13, 1860; Anna OeHrude, b. March 2, 1863, d. young; Cora.A., b. May 20, 1864; Percy B., b. Oct. 4, 1866 ; St^hen Herbert, b. Jan. 7, 1868 ; Lydia Maud, h. Nov. 6, 1869, d. Feb. 10, 1870. Harwood, John.i wife, Hannah, of Uxbridge. Hakwood, Capt. NATHAir,2 b. 1737 ; lived in Windsor, (see ante p. 152) d. 1790. He m. Huldah Bannister. Harwood, Fbancis,3 M. D., b. Oct. 26, 1763 ; settled in Whately, 1794 ; built the house north of the Graves Crafts place ; d. May 20, 1835. He m. Lucinda Forward, dau. of Justus and Violet; she 242 d. Oct. 5, 1856; chil. Joshua Dickinson, b. Nov. 25, 1790; Roderick, d. young; Violet, d. young; Roderick Bannister, b. Jan. 29, 1795; Alonzo, b. April 1, 1797, d. May 12, 1817; Myron, b. Aug;. 16, [1799; Violet, b. Sept. 9, 1801, m. Chester Stockbridge; Justus Forward, b.Oct. 25, 1803; Francis W., b. June 14, 1806, d. April 11, 1827; Eunice Phelps, d. June 3, 1810. Haewood, Joshua D.,* M. D. ; practiced with his father ; d. April 3, 1820. He m. Theodosia Boyden, dau. of Frederick ; chil. Fi-ederick B.; Lucinda H. Harwood, Roderick B.,* colonel; d. May 18, 1870. He m. Sept. 16, 1847, Clymena E. Harvey, dau. of Elihu ; chil; JVajicis A., b. Oct. 27, 1848, d. Jan. 9, 1854; Luanda Violet, b. Jan. 2, 1861, d. Feb. 2, 1854; Fanny Maria, b. Feb. 10, 1852; Lucinda tiolet, b. Jan. 7, 1854; Carolyn Paul, b. Aug. 1, 1857. /'Harwood, Mtron,4 M. D., m. (1) Dec. 22, 1831, Judith W. AUis ; she Id. March 9, 1862 ; (2) April 18, 1864, Lydia AUis ; chil. Maria Louisa, b. I Jan. 2, 1833, m. Ephraim Boyce, of Miss., d. Jan. 30, 1866 ; EllenEleda, b. Nov. 12, 1834, m. C. K. Chafifee ; Lydia AUis, b. Dec. 26, 1837, m. . J. W. Smith; Henry White Allis, b. June 6, 1843, d. Feb. 3, 1864; Franr cis Alonzo, b. Sept. 2, 1845, d. young; Mary Eliza, b. Feb. 2, 1847, d. young; Mary Eliza, b. March 14, 1848; Fanny Allis, b. Feb. 14, 1851, d. youna^ Haewood, Justus F.,4m. June 18, 1829, Elvira Wait; chil. Martha L., b. May 25, 1830, m. Edward A. Grafts; Jvdith Morton, b. Oct. 23, 1832, m. George Graves ; Fordyce Mantor, b. July 5, 1835, m. Nancy Thayer; Theron. Hatch, Isaac, 1795, rem. to Deerfield ; wife, Esther ; chil. Rosina, m. Elijah Graves ; Isaac ; Esther, m. Stephen Gunn ; Emily ; Chester, Hawlky, John, 1773,' m. Hannah Scott; chil. Samuel; Anne; Charity ; Elizabeth, d. May, 1779 ; Elizabeth. Hawley, Frkderick a.,' Zechariah.e Zechariah,e Samuel,! Samuel.' Joseph,2 Thomas,' who was k. by Indians at Sudbury, 1676 ; lives in the Straits ; b. Feb. 15, 1831, m. June 4, 1857, Cornelia Smith ; chil. Harriet' E., b. April 27, 1858; Louisa 0., b. Nov. 1, 1860; Melinda B.,^. kvig. 6, 1862 ; Sarah S., b. Jan. 1, 1865 ; John, b. Nov. 3, 1868 ; Cornelia, b. May 26, 1871. Hawkbs, Richard B., from Deerfield; lives on the Harwood home- stead; b. July 18, 1815, m. November 1, 1846, Louisa Brown, dau. of Joseph. Hayes, Dennis, lives on the Benjamin Scott place ; m. Dec. 8, 1855, Margaret GriflBn; chil. Mary, b. Oct. 5, 1856; Daniel, b. Aug. 27, 1858; Hannah, b. Sept. 2, 1860; Ellen, b. Feb. 12, 1863; Lizzie, b. Aug. 30, 1864; Margaret, b. Feb. 16, 1866; Dennis, b. March 2, 1868; Martha, b. Feb. 21, 1871. Hazzaed, Robert, 1795, b. in Springfield, 1737 ; lived on the North plain; m. Susanna Jeperson, (seep. 136). Hembnway, 0bed,2 James,! ,t. "Soy. 15, 1819; m. June 2, 1863, 243 Amoret S. Morton; chil. Mien, b. July 1, 1854 f Elijah P., b. March 17, 1856 ; Hmri^ b. Oct. 22, 1857. HiBBARD, John, 1793, m. Feb. 12, 1792, Irena Belden ; chil. Mias, b. ,Feb. 7, 1794, in. Lydia Crafts; John, b. Jirly 12, 1795, d. young; Lucy, b. Feb. 5, 1797 ; John,h. June 10, 1798 ; Albert, b. May 4, 1800 ; Ches- ter, b. Oct. 17, 1802; Eliphaz, b. Oct. 24, 1803; Irena, b. Nov. 5, 1809. HiGGiNS, Henry S.,^ Alpheus,! b. Jan. 8, 1824; rem. to Hinsdale, N. H. He m. Nor. 26, 1851, Tryphena D. Wood, dau. of E. H. apd Sarah; chil. Sarah Tryphena, b. Oct. 15, 1852; Ellm, b. Oct. 10, 1854; Mary 'Thomas, b. Aug; 3, 1857; Henry Sever, b. May 7, 1865 ; Jennie, b. Jan||,869. Hill, Joseph, 1776^ lived on the A: S. Stearns place; m. Dec. 1, 1776,. Esther Smith, dan. of Elisha. He d. Oct., 1796, aged 66; she d. Oct. 6, 1828; chil. Betsey, b. Feb. 6, 1778, m. David Smith; Pamelia, b. March 4, 1779, m. Warham Judd; Alinda, b. June 26, 1780, m. Daniel Rogers; Lvke, b. March 13, 1782; Gideon, b. Sept. 11, 1783, m. Martha Allen; MoHes, b. March 30, 1785, d. Sept. 12, l520; Sally, b. Deo. 22, 1787; Esther, b. Aug. 4, 1789, m. John Starks; Rehehah, b. May 23,, 1791, m. Jonathan Shattuck ; Buggies, b. Dec. 80, 1793. Hill, KiJgglks,® m. Sophia Warner, dau. of Paul ; chil. Ruth, b. June 11, 1816 ; Naomi, b. Jan. 13, 1818, d. 'Aug. 2, 1842 ; Ally, b. Oct. 28, 1819, m. John W. Temple; Nelson, b. Dee. 5, 1820,^d. Oct. 14, 1843; Silas W., b. Jan. ^, 1825, ra. Sophronia Starkweather. Hoar, James Henry, ^ James, i from England ; b. Sept. 20, 1851, m. Feb. 22, 1870, Emma M. Warner, dau. of Elliott A. Howes, Mioajah,^ Micajah,* Zechariah,3 Joseph,^ Joseph,' from Ashfield;"b. Feb. 3, 1831, m. June 1, 1853, Pamelia A.Parker; chil. Bylan Clinton, b. June 1, 1859 ; Myra Lovina,\). June 13, 1862. Hubbard, William M.,^ Edmund, i from Windsor; b. Jan. 15, 1836; m. (1) April 27, 1859, Ellen P. Crafts, dau. of Noah; chil. Lizzie Ellen, b. April 6, 1860 ; Da»ii TT., b. Sept. 2, 1861, d. Sept. 12, 1862;u47ina Crafts, b. Aug. 12, 1865. Wife Ellen P., d. Sept. 2, 1866; hem. (2) March 25, 1868, Levina Field ; child, Addie Field, b. May 9, 1870. Ingraham, David; 1774, from East Hartford, Ct. ; m. Dec. 7, 1775, Jemima Graves, dau. of Dea. Nathan; chil. Nathan, bap. Deo. 1, 1776, d. young; Tirga, bap. Dec. 17, 1777, d. young; Elizaleth, bap. Aug., 1779, d. young ; Lydia, m. Chatfield. Jenney, Keuben,! 1820, from Fairhaven ; lived on the Potter place, in Hopewell; b. July 7, 1767, d. March 15, 1836. He m. Elizabeth Clark, b. Feb. 18, 1770, d. May 7, 1846 ; chil. Elisha, b. Oct. 1792, d. Nov. 7, 1819; William, b. Sept. 7, 1794, d. young; Reuben, b. March 1, 1796; Mary C.,h. Oct. 26, 1799, m. Horace Childs. Jenney, Recben,^ d. July 6, 1869. He m. May 31, 1821, Lucinda Wait; d. Jan. 2, 1861; chil. Elisha, b. Nov. 10, 1822, d. April 5, 1831 ; Mary Euphrasia, b. Aug. 5, 1825, d. Nov. 28, 1848 ; Elisha A., b. Feb. 16, 1833; Reuben R., b. Nov. 18, 1840. 244, Jennky, Elibha A;,3 m. April 2, 1857, Amelia A. Way, dau. of Marcus, b. Jiine 17, 1842; chil. Arthur E., b. Feb. 21j»l"862; Mice Euphrasia, b. Nov. 29, 1865 ; Reuben W., b. March 11, 1870. Jeferson,, Amo8,i 1785, lived north of the Zebina Bartlett place ; wif(^ adm. to ch. Nov. 27, 1785 ; chil. Amos; Solomon; Hannah, va. Aug* 14, 1788, Martin Graves ; Susanna, m. Robert Hazzard ; Silence ; Anna. Jkpekson, Amos,2 lived under the hill, near the first Hopewell spring; then in the Gos3 house ; shoemaker; m. Sarah Marsh, dau. of Asa, Sen.; 0^.. Solomon, bap. Nov. 27, 1785; Mila, bap. Nov. 7, 1790; Sarah, bap. July. 21, 1793; Experience, bap. July 5, 1795. Jeperson, Solomon.^ lived in town, 1786-95; had wife, and son. Jewbtt, Jessk^, son of Joseph! and phebe (Richardson), Je™||t, of , Tewksbury; b. Oct. 2, 1773, d. Jan. 26, 1864. He m. Abigail Crafts, dau. of Moses; chil. Josiah, b. Jan. 9, 1818; John, b. April 4, 1820, d, young; Mary Ann, b. Sept. 9, 1823, m. James M. Crafts; John, b. Oct. 12, 1824, d. young; Cornelia, b. May 12, 1827, d. young; Moses W., b. Nov. 1, 1830 ; Clarissa C, b. Nov. 7, 1833, m. Sylvester Clapp, d. Dec. 22, 1869. Jbwett, Josiah,3 m. Jan. 29, 1840, Almena Hilliard, of No. Hadley; cb.\\. Elmira E., b. Feb. 8, 1842, d. young; George M. B., b. July 30, 1845; Edward H., h. Dec, 15y. 1848, d. young; Frank, b. July 15, 1853; Ernest, h. July 28, 1856 ; Elimbeth, b. Sept. 18, 1860. Jewbtt, Moses W.,3 m. Sept. 8, 1861, Almira Wells, dau. of Chester ; child, Mam/ Agnes, b. July 4, 1866. Jewbtt,. Charles .E.,3 James M.,2 Reuben,i lives on the Capt. Fay ; place; b. Sept. 18, 1841, m. May 31, 1866, Julia A. Rice, dau. of Francis, b.Noy. 1, 1841. Johnson, Joiiathan,3 Henry,'-* Jonathan, i b. Oct. 1, 1825 ; m. Dec. 26, 1854, Clymena Marsh, dau. of Calvin and Roxa; chil. C. Henry, b. Oct. 18, 1855 ;, James Clement, b. Aug. 3, 1857 ; Julia Isabella, b. July 20, 1869 ; Darwin Marsh, b. Jan. 2, 1861. Jones, Eli, son of Eli and Eunice, b. Nov. 3, 1818, m. July 14, 1866, Charlotte Brown, dau. of Stephen and Celinda. JupD, Jonathan Sheldon, Rev., son of Deacon Eleazar and Dolly j b. in Westhampton, Feb. 4, 1816, d. May 11, 1864. He m. (1) Emily E. Wolcott, dau.. of Col. H., of Agawam; b. Aug. 21, 1818, d. Feb. 20, 1861; chil. Albert W., b. Feb. 22, 1845; H. Melville, b. Sept. 10, 1848; son, b. Oct. 3, 1850. • JuDD, Eleazar, bro. of above, b. AprillS, 1821, m. Jan. 24, 1855, Sophia C. Sanderson, dau. of Eli and Sophia; chil. Emerson Wadsworth, b. Sept. 29, 1866; Edward Sanderson, b. March 24, 1859. Kellogg, Joseph, 1770, wife, Mary ; chil. Joeil, bap. Oct. 30, 1774 ; Solomon, b. June 19, 1777. Kellobp, William, 1770, wife, Bathsheba ; child, William, A. Ma.ich, 1774, aged 5. Kbllogo, Joel, son of Nathaniel, of Hadley; d. Oct. 22, 1798, aged 74. He m. Aug., 1748, Joanna Clark, of Northampton; she d. June 11, 245 1796, aged 67 ; chil'. Leoi, lived in Utica, N. Y. ; Sarah, m. Jona. Ingram ; Joseph; Miriam, m. Eleazar Frary ; Abigail, m. Moses Crafts. Kbybs, Stephen-, prob. from Shrewsbury ; in the army, at Ticonde- roga, 1776; enl. at Charlemont, Sept. 22, 1777; enl.- at Conway, 1779 ; came to Whately and enl. April 15, 1781 ; lived in the house of David Graves; eh\l. Elizabeth ; Oerrish; Lydia; Abigail. "SjUKVP, Stephen J., wife, Almira S. ; daughter, Harriet N. Lamb, Samuel, from Colerain; son of Isaac; b. Nov. 26, 1811, m. Nov. 29, 1832, Maria Wood, dau. of John; chil. Fanny M., b. Oct. 18, 1833, m. Foster Meekins ; Maty E., b. Nov. 12, 1836, m. Harry &. Scott; Clara W., b. Dec. 3, 18i5, m. H. L. Macomber; Lucy A., b. March 7, 1851, m. Thomas Belden. Lamson, John, 1772. From Conn. ; built a house N. of S. Lesure's; blacksmith and innkeeper; m. Mercy Morton ; chil. Annis, b. Dec, 1774^ Annis ; William ; Judson ; LucreMa ; Sophia ; Horace ; Tirza. Lamson, Amasa, son of Samuel and Miriam (Stratton), of Weston ; m. Hannah Crafts, dau. of Reuben ; chil. Vdorous ; Mary. His mother, Mir- iam, d. at Erastus Crafts's, Jan. 17, 1848, aged 85. Lane, John William, Rev., son of Charles and Hannah (French) Lane, of S. Newmarket, N. H., b. Sept, 7, 1827 ; m. Aug. 26, 1868, Mary Haynes, dau. of Samuel and Eliza (Spaulding) Haynes, ofTownsend; chil. Charles William, b. Nov. 16, 1869; d. Oct. 21, 1870; son, b. andd. March 6, 1871 ; son, b. Feb. 12, 1872. Laukabeb, Benjamin, son of Thomas, m. July, 1816, Caroline Crafts, dau. of Moses ; she d. Feb. 18, 1822 ; child, Henry. Rem. to Berlin, Vt. Leonabd, Mosbs Hayden, b. in Conway, Ndv. 18, 1796, son of Elijah and Hannah (Hayden) Leonard, grandson of Elijah and Ann (Adams, dau. of James Adams, who was brother of President John Adams,) m. March 19, 1819, Asenath Belden, dau. of Francis ; chil. Emily Ruth, m. (1) Spencer Rowe ; (2) Dexter Rowe ; Semantha A., m. William C. Brad- ley; Alfred, d. young; Asenath F.,^m. Porter H. Snow; Boxana B., b. July 13, 1828 ; m. Elihu Belden ; Elvira M.j m. James Brainard ; Henri- etta B., m. Charles B. Snow. The family rem. to Philadelphia. Lesure, Samuel, b. July 23, 1803, son of Samuel and Hannah (Cum- •mings) ; grandson of Edward, of Uxbridge; town clerk, postmaster; m. May 23, 1834, Lucy C. Buel, dau. of Samuel and Jerusha (Wheeler), b. Dec. 9, 1812 ; child, Mari Edith, b. Feb. 23, 1842 ; m. Samuel B. White. The mother of Mr. Lesure d. in W., May 12, 1865, aged 101 y. 4m. 12d. Locke, John, 1774. A marble worker and brick maker ; m. May 12, 1774, Ruth Faxon, dau. of Thomas; chil. John; Henry ; Joanna, b. Sept. 15, 1778; Lucy, b. Sept. 13, 1781; Mary, b. Jan. 30, 1783; Priscilla,h. Nov. 6, 1784; Buth, bap. in Deerfield, 1787; Nathaniel Beed, bap. 1794. LoOMis, Abner.i From Colchester, Ct. ; d. April 2, 1812, aged 62. He m. Zilpah Fiftld, dau. of Eliakim; chil. Sally, b. Aug. 24, 1783; m. Elijah Sanderson ; Jonathan Colton, b. Oct. 18, 1785 ; William, b. Sept. 26, 1789 ; Leonard, b. July 30, 1797 ; Luther,^. Nov. 20, 1798. LooMis, Jonathan C.^ A carpenter ; lived in the Lane ; served in the 2^6 war of 1814; d; Aug. 15, 1864. Hem. Nov. 30, 1810, Electa Stock- bridge, dau. of David; chil. Angmette, b. Feb. 21, 1812; m. Sept. 27, 1836, Fowler Preston, of Granby, who d. Nov. 18, 1843; Mary, b. Jan. 9, 1814; in. June 17, 1838, Rev. John W. Little, of Northampton, who d. June 2,: 1842 ; Almira, b. Oct. 14, 1815 ; m. June 5, 1866, Horace Manning; Sarah N., b. Oct. 12, 1817; m. Oct. 6, 1842, Reuben H. Bel- den ; Elizabeth 8., b. Dec. 20, 1819 ; m. Feb. 17, 1839, Dr. John D. Lee, of Virginia; Philomela A., b. Oct. 12, 1822; m. May 5, 1857, Ira Brown, of Baltimore, who d. May 13, I860; Electa L., b. Sept. 1,. 1824; m. May 14, 1851, Otis Wells, of Hatfield; Ca^Bm S., b. March 26, 1827; Charles P., b. May 10, 1829 ; m. Sept. 29, 1851, Helen M. Slate, of Northampton. LooMiS, WiLLiAM.2 A carpenter; rem. to Williamsburg; d. 1853. He m. (1) Feb. 5, 1812, Rebecca Wait, of Goshen, dau. of Benjamin and tolly (Mott). [When Polly Mott was a child, the British landed at Mar- tha's Vineyard, where her parents lived} and took nearly all the cattle and •sheep ; througliher intercession they left one of her father's cows.] Rebecca d. Dec. 20, 1821 ; m. (2) April 10, 1822, Lucinda Thayer,' b. June 22, 179^; chil. Luther, b. May 12, 1814; m. (1) Caroline Cowing, who d. June 28, 1867; (2) Thankful Lawrence; Maria, b. Feb. 12, 1816; m. Rufus Buel; Jane,\). June 27, 1818; m. George Bates ; Zilpah, b. Aug. 10, 1820; d. youiig; Rebecca, b. May 24, 1823; m. .William Cowing; Mary, h. Jan. 27, 1826; m. Ansel Packard; Charles L., b. June 27, 1828; m. Wealthy Leonard ; Francis, b. April 6, 1832 ; m. Sarah Hillman ; Elizabeth A., b. May 24, 1835 ; m. John Damon. LooMis, LisonaSd,2 m. (1) May 14, 1822, Philomela Arms, dau. of .Elijah; (2) Aug. 14, 1828, Clarissa Bardwell, dau. of Obadiah ; chil. Frances A., b. May 20, 1829 ; m. Alfred Starkweather ; Philomela A., b. Sept. 8, 1831 ; m. E. D. Ashton; Clarissa B., b. Sept. 23, 1832; Esther Arms, b. Jan. 11, 1836; m. Samuel A. Haynes ; Samuel O., b. Dec. 4, 1838. Longley, Joseph Ltman, son of Jonas, of Hawley, b. Aug. 30, 1824 ; m. June 26, 1855, Jane A. Morton, dau. of Levi; child, Leoi JE., b. March 31, 1856. Lord, Chahles, Rev., son of Rev. Henry and Fidelia (Graves) Lord, b. at Williamsburg, Jan. 27, 1816; d. March 28, 1872. He m. Aug. 30, 1843, Clarissa Lois Wright, b. Jan. 15, 1817, dau. of Luther and Sarah, of Easthampton ; chil. Sarah Delia, b. March 29, 1846; m. Robert Beals Hall; Alice Clara, h. July 11, 1853; d. Dec. 12, 1853; Senry Charles.'h. Oct. 14, 1854. LovEEiDGE, Daniel. From Deerfield ; m. Dec. 31, 1817, Jerusha Bartlett; chil. William; Clesson; and others ; rem. to Chicopee Falls. i/TJLii, , 1796 ; lived on Poplar hill ; kept- a grocery ; rem. to Hatr fieM; chil. Jesse; David; Hannah, m. Seth Field; Persis, m. Festus Frary. Lyon, Zbbina, 1780 ; a shoemaker ; wife Lydia, d. Aug. 21, 1789, aged 60; chil. Arunah; Lydia,0m. May 18, 1784, Reuben Graves; SeviUa ; Samuel, m. July 6, 1790, Esther Baylie. 247 M;U7NING, Horace, son of Ephraim, b. Jane 10, 1813; shoemaker; liTSs S. of Cong, meeting-house ; m. June 6, 1866, Almira Loomis, dau. of J. C. and Electa. Maecy, Gardner, 1780; b. 1762. Maecy, William, same date. Marsh, Asa, " the aged," and wife, 1783-1802 ; a nail maker. Marsh, Amos,^ Asa,i 1783-1811 ; lived N. of the Z. Bartlett place ; rem. to Amherst ; m. Elizabeth ; chil. Benjamin, b. Oct. 9, 1778 ; m. Polly Whitney; Galvin, b. Oct. 3, 1780; m. Anna Smith; Thomas, b. Nov. 24, 1782; Amos, b. Feb. 14, 1785; m. Sarah Chmch; Bufus, m. Camilla 0. Church; Sophia, m. Moses Graved, 2d; Electa, m. Fhineas Simiih; Betsey, m. — ■ — Hawley; Sarah; Asa; Milliscent ; Emerson, m. Hawley. Marsh,' Asa,^ Asa.i 1783 ; lived on the Levi Morton place ; m. May 20, 1778, Sarah ; chil. Isaac, b. May 19, 1780 ; m. Lucretia Bacon ; David, b. Nov. 7, 1781; rem. to Heath; Olive, b. Sept. 29, 1783; m. Benj. Trask; Amanda, b. July 14, 1791; m. Elijah Hunt; Orange, h. May 31, 1793 ; Sally, b. Nov. 18, 1796. Marsh, Abijah,2 Asa.i 1782; weaver; wife Bathsheba; chil. Lura, b. Aug. 28, 1784; Lydia, b. Aug. 28, 1786; Joab,h. Feb. 27, 1789; d. June 11, 1794; Lemuel, b. Dec. 12, 1791 ; Behecca, b. June 23, 1794. Marsh, Thomas,^ Amos,^ d. July 17, 1826 ; m. Annis Allis, dau. of Kussell, who d. Nov. 8, 1839; chil. Almira; Sophia, m. Moses Graves, of Leverett; <7a»e, m. Jason Stockbridge; j^orman; Margaret, m. Oba- diah Ingram. Marsh, Isaao,^ Asa.^d. Jan. 14, 1856. He m. Aug. 6, 1801, Lucretia Bacon, who d. June 19, 1846 ; chil. Lucinda and Lucretia, twins, b. Jan. 14, 1802 ; Louisa, b. Aug. 23, 1805 ; m. Eli Crafts ; Dwight, b. Sept. 10, 1807; d. Aug. 17, 1854; Bufus, b. Oct. 4, 1809; d. Feb. 23^ 1845; Xii- creto, b. Jan. 17, 1812 ; d. Aug. 26, 1852; Horatio, b. Aug. 2, 1815; Isaac, b. Sept. 6, 1817 ; d. Oct. 17, 1839 ; EmUy, b. Oct. 26, 1820 ; Althea, b. Oct. 23, 1824; d. Dec. 31, 1863; Edwin A., b. Aug. 7, 1827. Marsh, Orange, 3 Asa,2 m. Clarissa Hibbard; chil. Cotton, m. Eliza Barnum; Trueman, m. Elizabeth Spencer; Mary S., b. Jan. 4, 1824; m. Thomas S. Dickinson. Marsh, Isaac, 1782, built a log house where Elihu Wait afterwards lived; rem. to Conway. Marsh, Elijah, lived in the Straits; m. Elizabeth Alden, dau. of Bar- nabas; chil. £«i%, b. 1820; d. Feb. 14, 1844; Joseph, b. 1821; Jona- than; wife Elizabeth, d. Deo. 9, 1855. Marsh, Joseph, son of Elijah; m. (1) July 20, 1848, Mary E. Jenney, dau. of Reuben, who d. Nov. 28, 1848; m. (2) Mary C. Parsons. Masterson, Jame3 ; wife Mary; chil. David, b. March 5, 1863; James, b. Nov. 14, 1864; David, b. Feb. 9, 1868; Eddie, b. Feb. 2, 1870. Mather, Benjamin,^ 1787; a sea capllfen; b. Lyme, -Ct., Sept. 19, 1731 ; d. Dec. 25, 1821. He m. Abigail , b. Colchester, Ct., Feb. 23, 1741 ; chil. Bdty WortMngton, b. Deo. 17, 1763 ; Abigail, b. April 16, 1765; William, b. D^31, 1766; Bhoda, b. Jan. 1, 1768; Elias, b. Oct. 248 25, 1769; Samuel) b. March 19, 1773; Joseph and Benjamin, twins, b. March 15, 1776; Cotton, h. March 4,' 1779, lived in Ashfield; Marshjfield P., b. Jan. 26, 1782. Mather, Wii.i.rAM,s a carpenter ; town clerk; ra. Tirza Morton, dau. of Daniel; chil. William Worihington, b. Sept. 2, 1790; Electa, b. July 2.8, 1792 ; Ellis, b. April 24, 1794; m. (1) Osee AUis; (2) Horace Morton; Benjamin Hiram Wolfe, b. Jan. 9, 1796 ; Sophia, b. March 11, 1797 ; m. Elisha Babcock ; Miiriah, b. March 17, 1798 ; Earnet, b. April 24, 1800 ; Hiram Benjamin, b. May 8., 1802 ; Lewis Morton, b. Dec. 28, 1803 ; Nahhy, b. Aug. 81, 1805; LewU MoHon,h. April 15, 1809. . Mathbe, Samuel,* a carpenter; rem. to Deerfield; m. Oct. 1, 1797, Mary Anne Emma Hutchins ; chil. Lucinda; Electa; Elizabeth. Mather, Joskph,^ a hatter ; d. Aug. 13, 1861. He m. (1) June 25, 1801, Lucinda^ Morton, dau. of Dea. Levi, who d. May 17, 1810 ; (2) Dec. 30, 1811, Adency Graves, dau. of Israel ; chiW George Washington, h. April 11, 1802, d. young; Qeorge W., b. Aug. 27, 1803; Frank, b. Nov. 4, 1805, d. young ; Benjamin, b. April 3, 1808, d. young ; Eranh, b. May 13, 1810; Lucinda, b. March 29, 1813, ra. Chester Bardwell; Benjamin, b. Aug, 12, 1815 ; Julia S., b. Feb. 21, 1819, m. Rufus Dick- inson ; Joseph, b. June 6, 1821, m. Elizabeth Stoneaker; Levi Mqrton,h. June 23, 1823, m. Sarah Hewes. ■ Mather, George W.,^ Joseph,^ lives in South Deerfield, m. Sarah Wait, dau. of Benjamin. Mather, Benjamin.^ Joseph,^ rem. to Breckenridge, Caldwell Co., Mo. He m. Sept. 14, 1840, Pamilla C. Frary, dau. of Capt. Seth; chilf Dwight Henry, b. March 29, 1845; Myron Holley, b. May 31, 1846; Artemas Chapin, b. Sept. 10, 1848 ; Eranh Cooley, b. March 8, 1851 ; Elam Lesure, b. Aug. 7, 1864; Ella Frary, b. Aug. 13, 1860. McClellan, Elias B.,* Daniel,^ Robert L.,2 Rev. Daniel,' b. Oct. 11, 1824; from Colerain ; lives on the J. B. Morton Place; m. (1) May 28, 1851, Mary A. Fellows ; b. March 30, 1828, d. .Oct. 23, 1859 ; (2) March 25, 1863, Esther Newton, of Greenfield; b. Oct. 24, 1836; chil. Ida Amelia, b. May 17, 1852, d. May 7, 1853 ; George Briggs, h. July 30, 1857 ; Mary, b. Sept. 13, 1864; William Bardwell, h. April 10, 1870. Meekins, Emmons,6 Joseph,^ Thomas,^ John,3 Thoraas,^ Thomas,' b. Jan. 9, 1798, d. May, 1867. He m. July 4, 1820, Elizabeth Wait, dau. of Consider;- chil. Ashley, V. May 14, 1821, m. Chloe A. Pierce; Elvira, b. Feb. 27, 1823, m. William Mason ; Trueman, b, Jan. 10, 1825, m. Harriet Williams; Elizabeth, b. Oct. 16, ,1826, m. Oliver Longley; uiM^'Msto, b. Dec. 24, 1828, m. James Clapp; Foster, b. Aug. 6, 1831; Nancy, b. May 21, 1834, ra. Lyman Fales ; Jeannette, b. March 18, 1838, m. John Smith. Meekins, Foster,'' m. June 10, 1852, Fanny M. Lamb, dan. of Samuel B. ; chil. Mary Imogene, b. May 14, 1855; Charles Alien, b. Aug. 17, 1860. Merrick, Perez, 1794, a clothier. Miner, John N., son of Daniel; b. Sept. 27, i§40, m. June 6, 1861, 249 Mary M. Lombard, of Colerain, who d. Sept. 22, 1871"; chil. Danid A., b^ Sept. 14, 1866 ; Mary Esther, b. Aug. 31, 1871. Moor, Harvey, a mill-wright; m. Sophia Bardwell; chil. Iiucy, b. Oct. 19, 1834, m. John W. Field; Levi, b. Oct. 25, 1836; Cteor'ge W., b. Feb. 10, 1842, d. Feb. 1, 1846 ; ffeorgre, b. Dec. 22, 1^46. Moor, James, b. Oct. 9, 1811; m. July 3, 1834, Fidelia Bardwell; chil. Calvin -4., b. March 7, 1836 ; Lincoln B., b. Sept. 2, 1837 ; Joseph K., b. Dec. 13, 1850 ; Emory B., b. March 10, 1845 ; Frank B., b. Mar. 29, 1852 ; Lettie, b. Feb. 25, 1855. Moor Otis, m. Laurette Bardwell, dau. of Cotton. Moor, Lbvi,'s Harvey," d. April 21, 1870. He m; Nov. 27, 1856, Ellen E. Howe, dau. of Jonathan ; chil.. Ndlie Ardelle, b. Oct. 7, 1857 ; Benjamin P., b. Jan. 7, 1859. MooK, George W.^ Harvey.i m. Feb. 14, 1866, Laurette Bardwell, dau. of Otis ; child, VoAn F., b. Feb. 28, 1867. MoREY, John, 1778, built a log-house where Joseph Hill afterwards lived; m. Deo. 10, 1778, Sarah Turner, dau. of Abraham; chil. John; Erastus; Sarah. Morton, Kichard,i Hartford, Ct. ; rem. to Hatfield, 1670. Morton, Abraham,^ b. 1676; m. Sarah Kellogg. Morton, Ebbnkezer,^ b. 1682 ; m. Sarah Belding. Morton, Jonathan,^ b. 1684 ; m. Sarah Smith. The Mortons, of Whately, were descended from these' three brothers. Morton, Daniel,^ Abraham,* Richard,i b. Dec. 23, 1720 ; settled in Whately, 1759; d. June 20, 1786. He m. (1) 1743, Esther Bardwell, b. Deo. 16, 1723, d. Oct. 27, 1762; (2) Dec: 6, 1764, Eleanor Wait, d. Apr. 1, 1816, aged 86 ; chil. Hannah, b. Sept. 7, 1744, m. Matthew Graves ; Tahifha, b. July 1, 1746, 'm. Dr. Charles Doolittle; Sarah, b. Dec. 14, 1749, m. Oliver Smith ; Mercy, b. Nov. 25, 1761, m. John Lamson ; Jod, b. Dec. 22, 1754; Daniel, b. Feb. 12, 1756 ; Esther, b. Nov. 3, 1758, m. Dr. Lucius Doolittle; Justin', b. Sept. 25, 1760; Consider, b. Oct. 12, 1762; Tirzah,h. Jan. 24,. 1771, m. William Mather; Boxa, b. July 26, 1774, m. Isaac Smith. Morton, Joel,* Daniel,^ rem. to'Vt. ; d. May 25, 1849. He m. Apr. 5, 1781, Violet Wells; chil. Bansdl ; Francis; Splicer. Morton, Daniel,* Daniel,^ in 1782, built a house opposite Lyman Dickinson's ; in 1800, built where James M. Crafts now lives ; m. April 4, 1793, Sophro'nia Smith, of S. Hadley, b. March 1, 1776; chil. Erastus, b. Jan. 4, 1794 ; Justus, b. Aug. 28, 1795 ; Mary Anne Emma, b. Feb. 11, 1797, ni. Russel Wait ; Julia A., b. July 22, 1799, m. Sandford S. Perry ; Justus, b. April 18, 1801 ; Ahram, b. Jiily 4, 1804; Sophronia, b. March 18, 1806, m. Col. Caleb Crafts; Isaac, b. Jan. 16, 1809. Morton, Justin,* Daniel,^ d. Aug. 25, 1865. He m. Esther Harding, who d. May 4, 1850, aged 86 ; chil. Sally, b. June 22, 1784, m. Thomas Frary; Levois, b. April 17, 1786; Phila, b. Feb. 9, 1788, m. Dennis Cooley; Sylvester, b. Nov. 19, 1790; Electa, b. 1794, m. Rodolphus Perry ; Tabitha, m. Ira Perry ; Miranda. 250 MoKTOiT, CoKSiDEB,4 Daniel,3 lived on the homestead ; d. April 1, 1854. He. m. Mercy Clark, dan. of Capt. Elisha, of Harwich ; she d. Jan. 16, 1850, aged 87; chil. Nancy, b, Jan. 3, 1787, d. young; Cha/.-les, b. March 16, 1789 ; TFaiier, b. April 3, 1791, d. young; Arnold, \>.Ma,j 8, 1793, d. April 19, 1860, unm. ; Naney, h. May 8, 1796, m. John Howland ; Hannah, b, September 10, 1797, m. William Arery Howland ; Waller, b. Dec. 1, 1799 ; Sophia, h. Nov. 5, 1801, m. Solomon Graves; Elisa, b. May 13, 1804, m. Hiram F. Stookbridge; Mercy, b. August 1, 1807, m. (1) Caleb Cooley Wells ; (2) Jan. 12, 1847, Loyal G. Dickinson, of Leicester. ~ Mor.TON, Ekastus,^ Daniel,^ rem. to Brnnswick, O. ; m. Oct. 21, 1814, Prudence Butler; chil. Mary Ann, b. Jan. 28, 1815, m. (1) Isaac Kelley; (2) John Thomas; Almira, b. Sept. 3, 1817, m. Harlow Freese; John Wesley, h: Sept. 3, 1819, m. Harriet A; Hall ; Jc.neM. B., b. July 2, 1823, m. Francis Aj Ward ; BophrmidB., b: Marc* 22, 1826, m. G. W. Hayes ; Evaslus, b. Feb. 22, 1830, m. Mary A. Amour. Mor.TON, JvsTCS;^ Daniel,^ removed to Branford, C. W. ; m. Jane McBurney. MoBTON, Abeam,s Daniel,^ rem. to Madison, Wis. ; m. Lovisa Doo- little; chil. Qiw.'ka C, b. Nov. 16, 1837, m. Alice Parke; Kate C, b. March 24, 13da. MoETOX, Lbwi8,5 Justin,* removed to Deerfield ; m. Nov. 29, 1810, A'dency Dickinson; chil. Fhilcad, b. Sept. 13, ISll, m. Beriah H. Smith; Joitn Veil Schuyie?, b. June 17, 1S14; Esther H., b. July 18, 1816, m. Benj. Ockington; Aif,-cd,h. Aug. 31, 1819; Cherter Bording, b. April 1, IS-G, ni. Jane Stanley; Doi-cw*. A., b. Feb. Vi, 1S2S; Bei-iah H., b. June 20, 1S31 ; Ma.-lzlla, b. Sept., 1834, m. George Moody. MoKTON, Stlvestek,* Justin,'^ d. Nov. 11, 1837. He m. Jan. 20, 1812, Lydia Frary, d. Sept. 12, 1832 ; chil. Achsah, b. Nov. 19y 1812, m. Foster Y. Warner; hyl'da, b. Dec. 12, 1814, m. (1) Caldwell; (2) Charles Curtis ; Hvldjcli, b. Dee. 9, 1816, m. £. S. Robinson ; Morris, b. Mai-cb 12, 1819, m. Eliza Brown; Norman, b. March 23, 1821, m. Jennie Kdder; Colihie,; b. July 22, 1823, m. Anna Loper; Luther, b. July 28, 1826, m. Lizzie Ottz; Gha/rles and Ghawncey, imms, b. Dec. 3, 1827; Chauncey m. Eliza Cleaveland ; Newton, born April 7^ 1S30, m. Eliza Hissms. : MoitTON, Chatiues, Capt.,5 Consider,^ m. May 28, 1812, Polly Cleave- land; chil. Lorenso 0.,. b. Aug. 5, 1813; Walter D., b. April 20, 1816; Eli:M Ann, b. Jan. 23, 1817 ; Qearge, b. July 20, 1819. MoKTOS, John V. S.,6 Lewis,* m. (1) Lucy A. Bartlett, d. 1849; (2) Emelinc Chambers, d. March 80, 1863; chil, Anne L., b. July, 1838; Cliifford, b. 1840 ; Isabella Amelia^ b. May 9, 1853, m. John Ballard ; Mojrgarette A., b. April 6, 1S56. Morton, Beeiah H.,6 Lewis,* m. (1) Georgianna Willey, d. Sept. 20, 1861; (2) Julia M. Whiting; chil. Alice A., b. July 12, 1855; Charles M., b. Nov. 20, 1867 ; Franklin A., b. Feb. 12, 1860 ; Alice A., b. Sept. 21, 1868 ; William Leieis, b. Oct. 9, 1870. 251 Morton, Oliver 3 EbeneMr,^ Ricliavd;i b. 1722 ; ro 1761 or 2, built a house just south of the centre bni-y'mg ground ; d. Sept. 16, 17S9. He m. (1) Nov, 10, 1757, Hannah Gillett; (2) wid. Eleanor (Lyman) Pomeroy, b. Oct. 29, 1736, d„ Sept, 3, 1S25 •, chil. Samuel GiUe;.i, b. Aug. 12, 1758 ; Katharine, b. March 20, 1760; Hannah, b. March 12, 1762, m. Amasa Edson ; Clarissa, b July 6, 1764, m. Lemuel Train ; Lemvtl, b. July 24, 1766; Sarah, b. Deo. 8, 1768, m. William White; Oliver, b. April 2, 1777 ; Stephen, b. Feb. 4, 1779. MoRTOK, Samokl G.,* Oliveri^ lived on the homestead;, d, Oct. 24, 1826. He m. Judith Train, dau. of Peter; chil. Pott!/ Shqpard, b. July 22, 17S2; Ooifeanree, b. Oct. 1, 1786. Morton, Lbmubi,,* Oli.ver,^ d. June 24, 1813. He m. Jan. 7, 1797, Sarah Bancroft, d^ June 2, 1853 ; chil. Gaihari/ie, m. Baniel Eingsley ; Cephas i Maria; Lenmd; Sarah; m. Duvid Bigelow ; Ercalus. Morton, Ouveb;* Oliver ,3 built south of the homestead ; blacksmith; d. July 29, 1844. He m. April 25, 1799, Johanna Childs, d. Jan. 14, 1852; chil. Anna Eleclai b. J?.n. 17, ICOO; Belieeca, b. Aug. 11, ISOl, d. March 21, 1313 ; Olioir^ b. Aug. 27, 1804; IV/eotfosta, b. Jan., 1807, d. March 23, 1313; DoUy,h. May 6, 1809,; m. J. Bai'ber; Jokm Lyman, b. March 20, 1815; i-wi Pa.-som, b. Sept. SO, 1823. Morton, John L.,5 Oliver/ d. May 13, 1S66. He m. April 23, 1842, ClarfssaS, Wheeler; chil. Sophia T. W., b. Feb. 16, 1C43; OUecr L., b. Aug. 24, 1S49 ; Bub^-t, b. Aug. 6, 1852 ; George P., b. July 3, 1856 ; William W., b. April 6, 1359 ; Alice E., b. May 8, 1862. MosyoN, Levi P.,* Oliver,* m. Lucy Ellen Brackett; child, Hyhcft Parsons, b. Nov. 6, 1S67. Morton, Simeon,* Simeon j* Ebeneae-'," Rtctai'd.i b. 1750; in 17S2, built on the Daniel F. Morton place ; d. April 23, 1816. He m. Dec, 24, 1773, Sibyl Graves ;■ d. Jan. 9, 1827 ; chil. Dcxi ; b. Sept. 4, 1782 ; Bc/.h- «%e&a, b. Sept. 22, 1784; m. James Smith; Buxt.i,, b. Aug. 31, 17S6; Marlha,h. Aug. 22, 1789 ; Sv.bmit, b. March 20, 1792; E'.ccla, b. March 27, 1794. Morton, Dexter,^ Simeon,* d. Feb, 28, 1859. He m. Sept. 29, 1803, wid. Hannah (Munson) Bunce, d. March 5v 1852; e\u\..' Bcirddcr, l# Jan. 6, 1805; Deiunis, b. Sept. 5, 1806 ;'m. Nancy H. Nash; Mcika, b. Oct. 26, 1807 ; m. Chester Lyon ; Armiiua, b. Jan. 15, 1809 ; m. John Pol- lard; Gordelia, b. Jan. 15, 1810; m. Nathan'l Sea:.'s; Almira, b. Feb. 7, 1811; Priscilla, b. Aug. 12, 1812; Eleclai h. Aug, 14, 1813; Bavdall, b. Aug. 17, 1817. Morton, Rextben,' Simeon,* lived on the homestead ; d.-Aug. 6, 1828. He m. March 15, 1810, Mary Fi-a;y ; d. Sept. 9, 1852 ; chil. Lauriaioii, b. Dec. 13, ISIO; d. July 13, 1828; Own, b. Feb. 17, 1813; Mcry, b. Aug. 23,1813; d. April U, 1843; Omri, b. July 24, 1815^ Danid F., b. AprillS, 1817; Leamdef L., b. May 22, 1819; rem. to Brunswick, O. ; Alexander E., b. Feb. 22, 1822 ; d. Oct. 8, 1845 ; Lucy Ann, b. July 22, 1826 ; m. J. P. Wyman. 252 Morton, Bjusnistek,* D6xter,6 m. (1) Hannah GraTes; d. April 9, 1864; (2) Juliaette C. Ault; child, Laura F. Morton, Ojiri,6 Reuben,,5 m. Sept. 9, 1838, Seleota Carpenter ; chil. Edwin L., b. June 29, 1840; d. in the service, Feb. 17, 1862; Mary A., ll. Jan. 12, 1843 ; Ellen M., h. May 18, 1845 ; Bradley., b. Jan. 15, 1847 ; Phesis B.., b. Sept. 28, 1860 ; Mary M,, b. Dec. 6, 1853 ; Alexander H„ b. Sept. 14, 1867 ; Mmrcius 0., b. March 2, 186.9. MoRTOK, DAinEi. F.,B Reuben,^ rem. to Haydenville and Northampton; n;i. Jan. 5, 1847, Cordelia E. Wait, dau. of Thomas ; s. p. Morton, Iikandbb L.,° Reuben,,^ m. Caroline C. Wywan ; chil. Jennie L., b. July 24, 1854; d. March 24, 1863; Jessie G.., b. Sept. 10, 1856; d. March 16, 1863. • Morton, DA.vn>,3'Jonathan,= Richard,' b. Sept. 12, 1721; m. Christian Smith; chil. Damd, b. May 12, 1761; Levi, b. Oct. 26, VJ&Z; Benjamin, b. 1755; Ruth, b. April 14, 1766. / Morton, Levi,* David' ; lieacon; settled on Spruce hill, 1783; d. April /25, 1816. He m. March 11, 1777, Sarah AUis.; d. April, 1827, aged 70; I chil. S^™^, b. March 30, 1778; Lucindaih. Nov. 11, 1779; m; Joseph I Mather; Lucy, b. Dec. 2,1781; Chester, b. Oct. 14, 1784; David, b. June I 20, 1786 ; Lucretia, b. March IS, 1788 ; Horace, b. June 20, 1790 ; Justus, lb. Oct. 17, 1792; Moses, b. July 23, 1794; Leoi, b. Oct. 23, 1796; Lucy, b. Sept. 28, 1798 ; m. Rufus Sanderson. Morton, Chester,* Doa. Levi,* m. Nancy Wait ; chil. Harriet; Moses ; Charles; Levi. Morton, Datid,* Dea,. Levi,* m. Emily Dickinson ; chil. Lucindcf ; Mi- randa. Morton, Horacb,^ Dea, Levi,* m, wid. Ellis (Mather) Allis; chil, Almira; Frank. MoRTONi Justus,' Dea. Levi,* m. Lydja AUis; chil. Henn, b. July 22, 1825; Dmight ; Sara^, m. tTames BillLagSj ^ Morton, Levi,* Dea. Levi,* m. Irena Smith ; chil. Amoret S„ b. Oct. 12, 1821; Maria, b. June 16, 1826; Miles B., b. Aug. 6, 1828; Jane A., b. May 20, 1831 ; .Louisa L., b. Jan. 6; 1833 ; Jos^h, b. Feb. 17, 1835 ; Fidd^ b. Nov. 15, 1836; Elvira, k Aug. 22, 1838; m. H. J. Groyer; Elam,\). June_22, 1840 ; Albert, h. Oct. 14, 1842 ; Lwra,, b. Feb.^18, 1847. Morton, Henry,* M, D., Justu^,* m. Mary M. Wells, of Buckland; child,, Mary 8., b. Sept. 7, 1863. Morton, Miles B.,* Levi,* m. (1) Loretta A, Graves ; d. June 21, 1866 ; (2) Sarah L. Briggs ; chil. Ella A., b. Sept. 13, 1866 ; Mary A., b. Aug^ 6, 1869; Albert H,, b. June 25, 1861; Ghmles L>.,h.Ma,roh. 13„1863; Floret M., b. Sept. 23, 1865. Morton, John Bardwbli-,* Ebenezer,'' Ebenezer,' Ebenezer,' Richard,' b> July 11, 1789 ; d. June: 14, 1870. He m. Sept. 23, 1819, Elizabeth M. White, dau, of John, d. Oct. 24, 1868; chil. Mfiry E., m. Rev. John A. McKins|;ry;, Harriet A. ; John W., b. Jan. 21, 1825 ; Emrotas; Elvira W.; Judith W. Morton, John W.,^ John B.,* m. Henrietta A. Kingsley ; chil. Austin 253 Kingsley, b. April 8^ 1859.; Eliza White, b. Sept. 30^ 1862 ; Louisa Almira, b. June 28, 1865; John Bardwellyh. Sept. 11, 1869. Mdbton, Eubotas,' John B.,' m. (1) Margaret A. Stockbridge; (2) Fidelia R. Adkins; child, GilheH E., b. June 24, 1868. MoBTON', BiCHABD TowBR, son of Solomon, b. Aug. 1, 1791; m. (1) Mary Davenport.; (2) Electa Belden; chil. Bichard.T., b. Oct. 18, 1815; Mary D., b. Nov. 22, 1817; m. Theodore Sheldon; Francis. B., b. Dec. 3, 1819; m. Electa Skinner; Marcus, b. Dec. 2a, 1824; m. Cynthia Marsh. MoHTON, Richard T., Jr., m.. June 1, 1837, Rebecca J. Eittel ; <^I. Charles if., b. Oct. 18, 1842 ; Benjamin, b. April 23j 1846 ; Cecelia, h. May 31, 18i6; Marcus, h. June 6, 1850; Theodore. S., b. May 1, 1852; Mary D. S., b. Aug. 21, 1854; Estdla, b. Feb. 22, 1861. MosHER, Jacob, 1806. Erom HoUis, N. H* ; m. Mary Pierce; chil. Jacob, b. July 11, 1798; m. Arethusa Hill; Mary, b. Feb. 7, 1800; m. A. W. Nash; Solomon, b. Oct. 11, 1802 ■,.Imcy, b. Feb. 10, 1805; m. (.1) Heman Swift ; (2) Erastus Graves ; Charles.; Bufug, b. Nov. 7, 1814^ m. Elizabeth Wait; Clarissa, m. Nelsoi) Munson. MosHER, Solomon,^ m. (1) Elvira Belden, dan. of Francis ; (2) Lucy Belden, dau. of Reuben; chil. Julia B., b. April 4, 1825; Alstead B., b. Jan. 4, 1827; Charles, b. March 15, 1829 ;.JJeu6ere B., b. Jan. 7, 1883; Francis, b. Nov. 26, 1839. MuNROE, Calvin, Bbv., son of Dr. Abijah, of Surry, N. H., b. about 1794; m. Deo. 3, 1835, Vesta Belden, dau. of Seth ; chil. Harriet; Eliza; Lucelia sind Augusta, twins 4 CahinaadiLucy, twins. Munson, Moses.i 1784. From,Farniingtpn, Ct, ; d. July 13j 1617, aged 72; wife d. Sept. 11, 1796, aged 52; chil. Moses ; Leoina, m. Bez- aleel Smith; Abigail; Anna, m. SaxaaA Church; Sarah ; .Margery,, m. Jesse Church ; . Jod. Munson, MosES,^ m. May 7, 1789, Phebe Munson; chil. Zoheide,h. Nov. 19, 1789 ; Ltomra, b. Oct. 28, 1791 ; Morris, b. Sept, 2, 1796 ; Moses, b. Oct. 4, 1797 ; Merrick, b.. Dec. 29, 1799 ; Merrick, b. March 30, 1801 ; Solomon, b. April 14, 1802; Zobeide, b. June 4, 1805; George W., b. Aug. 24, 1807. Munson, Jobi.,' m. Polly Wait ; chil. Erastus, b. Oct. 14, 1800 ; Aluin, b. Nov. 19, 1802 ; Ahnon, b. Sept. 11, 1804 ; Lucretia, b. July 30, 1806 ; Sophronia, b. Dec. 30, 1808 ;. Morris, b. April 21, 1811. Munson, Redbbn,^ 1784, . From Farmington, . Ct, ; b. Feb. 18, 1760 ; d. March 20, 1837. He m. July 16, 1769, Sibyl Smith, d. Sept. 7, 1829, aged 78; chil. Salmon, b. Sept. 24, 1770; m. Ruth Day; Lucy, b. June 3, 1772; m. Nathan Wait; Beuben, b. Feb. 24, 1774; Sdah, b., June 28, 1776 ; BeUb&i, b. Feb. 19, 1778 ; m. Polly Smith ; Jod, b. Feb. 28, 1780 ; Bmjamin„h. 'MATch^2, 1782; m. Mary Wait; Mary, h. March 12, 1784; m. Phinney ; Sibyl, b. March 2, 1786 ; Sibyl, b. Feb. 29, 1788 ; Lia- dema,h. Feb. 4, 1790; m. Eliphalet Wait ; JbA»» b. Jan. 3, 1792; Osee, b. Oct. 3,. 1793. Munson, JobLi' Reuben,' m. (1) Patty Mptt ; d. Aug. 16, 1815 ; [2y 254 Julia Hayes; d. Jan. 21, 1820; (3) Amanda Bardwell; chil. Lymm, b. Aug. la, 1807 ; Champion,, b. Nov. 6, 1809 ; Laim-a, b. Feb. 18, 1812 ; m. Cooley Bliss ; Nelson, b. Sept. 16, 1817 ; Julia, b. Nov. 17, 1819 ; GoUoa, b. March 16, 1836 ; Paity, b. June 24, 1828 ; m. Moses M. Sanderson. MuNSON, JoHN,^ Beuben,' d. March 2S, ISiJS. He m. Euphamie Smith ; d. Aug. 15, 18S4 ; chil. ^msfits /S»iiMcy Morton, h. July 20, 1830; Charles Butler, b. Aug. 9, 1832, m. Helen Amelia Burton. Smith, Joseph.s Gad.s d. Feb. 14, 1813. He m. Lura AUis, dau. of Russell ; chil. Dexter ; Irene, h. Nov. 4, 1802, m. Levi Morton ; Orrin ; Porter; Lewis, b. Sept., 1808; Ehira, m. Daniel McCoy; Joseph Leonard. Smith, Gad,6 Gad,5 m. Aug. 18, 1808, Rhoda Bartlett; chil. Tirzah, b. Jan. 22, 1809, m. Eli Gould; Maria, h. Jan. 30, 1811, ra. Stillman Gould; Dexter, b. Jan. 1, 1813, m. (1) Philinda Morgan; (2) Janette Whitmore ; William A., b. April 13, 1815, m. Lydia Hatbaway ; Mehitable B., b. July 26, 1817, m. David J. Whitney; Joseph, h. Feb. 22', 1820, m. Abigail Halsey ; Benjamin, b. April 13, 1822, m. Emily A. Hall ; Jerusha E., b. June 29, 1824. " Smith, Justin,6 Gad,5 d. Aug. 13, 1858. He m. (1) May 23, 1816, Alinda Smith, dau. of Roswell, d. 1830 ; (2) July 8, 1830, Julia Wing ; chil. Chapman, b. June 5, 1817 ; Mary, b. Oct. 25, 1820, m. John B. Graves ; Bufus, b. July 13, 1822 ; Caroline, b. Feb. 22, 1825, ra. Jonathan Graves ; Julia, b. May 25, 1827, m. Ephraim Hastings; Melinda, h. Feb. 1, 1830, m. Wells Dickinson; George N., b. May 17, 1831; Horace W.,- h. Oct. 266 11, 1833, d. Dec. 23, 1860 ; Wells Theodore, b. Nov. 30, 18.35 ; Israel S., b. Jan. 30, 1837 ; Emma I., b. ?eb. 18, 1842, d. Sept. 1, 1860; John W„ b. July 30, 1846, d. Dec. 8, 1860 ; Charles J., b. Nov. 10, 1849. Smith, Osisb,7 Bezaleel.e d. April 26, 1847. He ,m. Nov. 28, 1812, Sophia AUis, d. April 25, 1861; chil. William A., b. Jan. 16, 1814; B'as?- riet A.,h.'Sov. 7, 1816, m. Charles D. Squires ; iowra .4., b. Feb. 18, 1818, d. Feb. 20, 1844 ; William Cutler, b. June 4, 1821 ; Lavinia M., b. Sept. 20, 1824; Erastus K., b. Dec. 10, 1827, m. E. B. Wells; Electa E., b. March 15, 1830, m. C. D. Squires. Smith, Lyman,^ Bezaleel,6"m. Emily Allis ; child, Ada Luthera, b. Jan. 23, 1827. Smith, Ouvek, Col.,'' Bezaleel.s d. Feb. 9, 1861. He m. Thankful Childs, dau. of Reuljen, b. July 13, 1807, d. May 1, I860; chi]. Edward Lyman, b. Dec. 13, 1830, m. Esther W. Crafts; William P.; Sophia; Mary; Charles; Bmben, b. Nov. 14, 1841; Henry D., b. Nov. 10, 1844; Maria, b. Sept. 6, 1847, m. Henry Kinney. Smith, Lathrop,' Bezaleel,^ physician ; m. (1) Lydia Sanderson, dau. of Isaac, d. Aug. 15, 1846 ; (2) Lucinda Abercrombie, d. April 27, 1858; (3) wid. Jane A. Kimball; chil. /Sidney C, b. Dec. 18, 1831, d. young; Sophronia S., b. Jan. 15, 1834, m. Christopher Keyes ; Lathrop, b. Nov. 18, 1835, d. Sept. 10, 1861 ; a member o^Co. C, 10th Reg. Inf. M. V. ; SamA iTixne, b. July 30, 1837, d. young; Sidney C, b. Jan. .3, 1839, d. May 27, 1863; Edwin B.,h. July 6, 1841; Martha L. A., b, Nov. 23, 1843, m. E. B.. Foster; dau., b. Aug. 11, 1845. .S.mith, ALANSON,'',Asa,6 m. Jan^ 13, 1825, Abigail Wright, b. April 17, 1803 ; chil. Jam^s Edwards, b. Dec. 3, 1826 ; Justus Wright, b. Jan. 1, 1829; Henry Omves, b, March 17, 1831; Asa A., b. April 25, 1833; &ustavus M., b. April 3, 1835, d. young; Abhy E., b. Aug- 5, 1837, m. Elijah D. Costellow; Elbridg^ 9., b. Jan. 10, 1840; Albert L., b. Feb. 6, 1842, d. young; Myron S., b. Aug. 19, 1844. Smith, Asa,'' Asa,^ rem. tp Brookfield, Vt. ;. m. (1) Sept. 7, 1834, Abigail, dau. of John Freeman, d. Nov. 24, 1835 ; (2) June 13, 1837, Mary, dau. of Thomas Bates, b. May 20, 1812; chil. Abby M., b. Feb, 24, 1839; Ira, b. Dec. 3, 1842, d. Oct. 3, 1855; Arabel M-, b.. Aug. 9, 1847, d. Sept. 10, 1864. Smith, Olivek G.,' Asa,^ m. Matilda May. Smith, Ashley,'' Capt, Rufus,6 m. Nov. 26, 1819, Miriam Russell. Smith, Hbnry,''' Capt. Rufus,^ lived on the Daniel Allis place ; d. Sept. 13, 1846. He m. Almira Holmes ; chil. Mandana ; Sumner, h. March 20, 1825; Oeorge W., m. Chloe Dickinson; Oliver P., m. Bethia Hosford; •'Henry M., m. Edna V. Hill ; Lebbeus J. Smith, Hieam,''' Capt. Rufus,^ built a house on the John Smith place ; - m. Dec. 23, 1829, Tryphena Bartlett; chil. Hiram M-h. April, 1831; Daniel W., b. July 20, 1836; Thomas J., b. Aug. 10, 1838; Lucy A., b. Nov. 12, 1840, m. Samuel S. Smith; Lizzie A., b. April 13, 1843; T. Maria, b. Sept. 10, 1846; Fred. S., b. July 4, 1847, m. Elizabeth Roberts. 267 Smith, Joseph L.,' Jpseph.s m. May 29, 1836, Dorothy W. Billings ; Ellen, b. Feb. 24, 1837, m. Luther S. Wilcox; Edward, b. Nov. 9, 1838, m. Sarah Collins; EUza, b. Oct. 20, 1840, m. S. M. Abbott; J'ose.phL., b. Oct. 9, 18i2; Mdvin M., b, April 5, 1846; Julia E., b. May 4, 1848, m. Lewis Verguson; Lewis, b. Nov. 21, 1851; Francisco, b. March 21, 1854; Glwence, b. May 26, 1856 ■;Lemnie, b. Aug. 9, 1859. Smith, Chapman,^ Justin,^ rem. West ; m. Jaine Thomas ; ehil. Herbert; Mary; Jane. Smith, Rtwus,''' Justin,^ rem. to New York; m. Elizabeth Slocum; ehil. AHistar ; Alice; Alfred. Smith, Wbliiam CnTLBR,^ Osee,^ lives on the Philip Smith place, in Canterbury; m. Sept. ;13i 1849, Minerva Munson, dau. of John; chil. Charles CvMer, b. April 3, 1866. d. Feb. 23, 1867; WiUiam Henry, b.Feb. 20, 1866. Smith, Edwabd LTMAif,^ Col. Oliver,'' m. '(l)Nov. 30, 1854, Esther W. Crafla, dau. of Israel, d. May 29, 1867; (2) J^ov. 24, 1859, Sarah C. Burton, b. May 13, 1841; chil. Cla/ra Esther, b. Sept. 18, 1856; Flora Bell, b. Oct. 13, 1862; Herhwt L., b. Sept. 25, 1864; Frank B., b. Jan, 23, 1868; Arthur E., b. Oct. 14, 1869. Smith, William P.,8 Col. Oliver,^ m. Aug. 31, 1854, Ariette T. Wait; child, Frederick, b. Oct. 17, 1859. Smith, Henry D.,8 Col. Oliver,' blacksmith; m. March 29, 1867, Isabel West, of Thompsonville^ Ct. Smith, Jambs E.,8 Alanson,''' m. (1) Mercia E. Moses, d. Feb. 21, 1862; (2) Mary M. Deline; chil. Alice, b. June 1, 1853, d. July 20, 1858; Charles, b. Aug. 16, 1856 ; Wesley H., b. May 28, 1870. Smith, Justus Wright,^ Alanson,'' m. (2) Eunice Crafts,- dau. of Jus- tus ; child, Emma. Smith, Henrt G.,8 Alanson,' m. (1) July 6,, 1864, Mary A. Graham; (2) March 24, 1862, Anna M. Whitney; chil. Eddie L., b. Jan. 7, 1856, d. March 24, 1864; Jenny W., b. July 9, 1869. Smith, Asa A. ,8 Alanson,'' m. June 13, 1855, Marion M. Whitehead; chil. Harriet A., b. Aug. 13, 1866; LilliaA., b. April 11, 1858, d. young; Frank A., b. March 17, 1862, d. young. SinTH, E13RIDGB G.,8 Alanson,'' m. Jan. 11, 1864, Ella F. Barnes, of Springfield ; ohx\. Elizabeth A., b. Aug. 13, .1866, d. young; Oeorge M., b. May 12, 1869. Smith, Myrost S.,8 Alanson,' m. Oct. 27, 1869, Ella M. Dunham, of Berlin ; child, Harry M., b. Nov. 12, 1870, d. young. Smith, Sumnbe.^ Henry,'' m. Aug. 12, 1846, Harriet Bogart, dau. of Minard; chil. Catharine A., b. Sept. 29, 1847; William A., b. July 1,* 1849; Charles Sumner, b. Sept., 1853; Sarah AUis , b. April 22, 1855; Clarence E., b. Jan. 19, 1860; Edtoard ^^i. Oct. l9, 1863. Smith, Hikam M.,8 Hiram,' m. Ij 3|a isa. Allis. dau. of Austin; chil. Flora A., b. Nov. 7, 1851, d. March IS^S^^i Elizabeth M., b. Nov. 13, 1853. 268 Smith, Daniel W.,^ EEram,''' m. Mary Stephens ; chil. Frederick B. ; Estelle G. Smith, Fkbd. S.,8 Hiram,''' m. July 26, 1871, Elizabeth Koberts, dau. of Reuben, of Amherst. Smith, John, 1774, settled where Hiram Smith afterwards built ; select- man ; rep. ; rem. to Sullivan, N. Y. He m. Lydia Frary, sister of Phin- eas, chil. Olive, m. Abial Harding ; Elijah, b. 1762, k. by a fall ; Electa ; Martha ; Mary ; John. Smith, James, Dea., 1795 ; from Springfield ; son of Remembrance and Susan; niillwright; d. Sept. 15, 1851, aged 71. He m. Jan. 27, 1808, Bathsheba Morton, dau. of Simeon ; she d. March 25, 1866, chil. Justin Bemembrance, b. May 6, 1809 ; 8ibj/l, b. April 2, 1811, d. young; James 8., b. March, 1812, d. young; Sibyl, b. Oct. 5, 1813, d. young; Lawa Munson, b. Nov. 17, 1815, d. young ; James, b. Oct. 15, 1818 ; Joseph A., b, Sept. 11,1820; Elisabeth Burt,}). Oct. 31, 1822, d. March 25, 1850; Charlom, b. Aug. 25, 1826. Smith, Justin R., son of Dea. James, m. Feb. 24, 1831, Diadema S. Wilcox, b. Nov. 20, 1809 ; chil. Luther, b. July 2, 1836 ; d. young ;ilfary M., b. Oct. 4, 1835, d. March 24, 1864 ; child, b. Nov. 26, 1837, d. young ; Sarah J., b. June 29, 1840, m. Alpheus Carpenter; Edmn T., b. Dec. 8, 1842; iawraS., b. Feb.*28, 1844; Charlotte Ellen, h. Oct. 19, 1847; d. young. Smith, Gilbert, lived on Grass hill ; m. Feb. 8, 1798, Sabra Graves, dau. of John ; chil. Elizabeth, b. Aug. 16, 1798, m. Jabez Cowdry ; Har- wood, b. Dec. 10, 1800; Armida, b. May, 1804, m. Friend Gifford; John Stoddard, b. 1806, lives in Cincinnati, O. ; Semice, b. Sept., 1810, m. John Baylie ; Dolphin, b. 1815 ; Jane, b. July, 1819. Smith, Harwood, son of Gilbert, lives in the Benj. Wait house ; m. Lois Wait, dau. of Nathan ; she d. Feb. 18, 1862 ; chil. Almeron E., b. Nov. 15, 1827 ; Nathan W., b. April 20, 1830, d. Oct. 8, l&bZ; Earwood, b. July 29, 1886. Smith, Joel W., son of Cyrus, of Burlington, Ct., b. March 31, 1820, m. April 25, 1856, Paulina Hageman; chil. Cyrus W., b. Nov. 22, 1859,- Flora, b. April 9, 1865; Ida, b. July 18, 1866; Nelly, b. Sept. 27, 1867. Snow, Lemuel, 1776. From Stafford, Ct..; d. Nov. 11, 1777, aged 48, wife Margaret ; chil. Semice, m. March 3, 1788, Mary Wells ; Zephaniak ; Solomon, b. 1766, m. Sept. 7, 1780, Levina Guild; Sarah, m. Nov. 29, 1787, Simeon Wells ; Lucinda, b. 1760 ; Huldah, m. April 4, 1781, Aaron AUis ; Hannah, m. Louden Coleman ; Lemuel, d. Aug. 27, 1776. Spaffobd, JoNAtHAN, lived, north of the "Old Orchard," near the Deerfield line ; m. a dan. of Joseph Sanderson. Starks, John, 1787, b. Hebron, Ct. ; rem. to Thetford, Vt. ; settled on the Caleb Beals' place ; d. Dec, 1826, aged 70. He m. Tryphena Carey ; chil. John, m. Anna Rogers ; Phebe, m. Samuel Hartwell ; Israel m. Esther Hill ; 2Vjr^^eM, b. March 29, 1789, m. April 10, 1811, Caleb Beals ; Justus, b. 1792 ; Prince William, m. Abigail Bates ; Willard, b. 269 Feb. 14, 1797, m. Mary Nash; Phineas, b. Dec. 11, 1802, d. young; Martha, m. Russell Sherman. Stearns, Aabok S. From Spencer ; son of Samuel, b. April 23, 1813, d. Dec. 12, 1870. He m. Almira P. Graves, d. Aug. 2, 1843 ; chil. Eliza- beth E., b. Feb. 12, 1830, m. Orson N. Pearl ; Myra H., b. Dec. 4, 1831, m. Arnold Peck ; LviTier G., b. Oct. 12, 1833; Mddia S., b. July 2, 1836, m. JohnH. Peck; Susan E., b. March 26, 1837, d. Nov. 6, 1866; Samuel 0., b. March 4, 1839, d. Feb. 14, 1856-; Stephen, b. Nov. 22, 1840; Edward S., b. April 6, 1843, d. young. Stb^lKNS, Luthbe G.,^ m. Mary L. Warner; chil. Frederique W., b. Oct. 10, 1857; Mahd For- ester, b. Aug. 6, 1870. Stbdman, Samuel W. From Leyden, son of Philemon, b. Jan., 1821 ; m. Sophia M. Brown ; child, Harriet M., b. May 7, 1850. Stiles, Henry, Capt.,5 Amos,* Henry,3 Henry ,2 John,i 1764, from Windsor, Ct. See pp. 136, 141 ; built a house south-east of Lyman Dickinson's, east of the highway ; d. April 20, 1810, aged 80., He m. Nov. 4, 1747, Ruth (Wells) Kellogg, wid. of Ezra; she d. July 5, 1812, aged 86 ; chil . Peggy ; Zilpah, m. Peter Clark ; Lydia ; Lewis ; Esther, m. Levi Baker. Wid. Lydia Styles, mother of Capt. Henry, d. Sept. 15, 1775, aged 66. Stiles, LEViris,^ m. March 29, 1786, Electa Pomeroy, of WHately ; chil. Sophia, m, Jerre Edson; Harry, b. Aug. 8, 1790; Horace, b. Oct. 17, 1791 ; Harry, b. April 21, 1793. S'TOWBB.TSSSnniiPAYiffiii (lineage not ascertained,) of Hadley, d. aged 82, He m. (1) Patience Bartlett, dau. of Caleb ; she d. Oct. 19, 1806, aged 53 ; m. (2) Mary (Nash) Wood, wid. of Firman ; she d. June 20, 1832, aged 75 ; chil. Galeb, b. May 18, 1775 ; m. (1) S j g j^l:^ A^ js : (2) wid. Achsah (Cook) Fairbanks ; David, b. Aug. 28, 1776; Lovisa, b. April 7, 1778, m. Bartlett; Jason, b.Feb. 29, 1780, m. (1) Esther Wright; (2) Abigail Montague ; Patience, b. Nov. 7, 1781, m. -^ — Clapp ; Betsey, b. Nov. 13, 1783, m. Sereno Smith ; Clarissa, b. May 10, 1785, d. Feb. 9, 1789 ; Cal- vin, b. Sept. 15, 1786 ; Electa, b. June 12, 1788, m. Jonathan C. Loomis ; Clarissa, b. June 7, 1790, m. John Ashcraft; Elam,h. March 31, 1792; Abigail, b. Sept. 8, 1795. ^OGKBRiDGB, David,^ settled on the' David Graves place ; rem. to Canterbury ; a man of great enterprise ; d. Ja;Q. 4, 1847. He m. (1) Feb. 2, 1798, .Sarah Allia. r^ an. of RusseU : she d. July 16, 1839 ; m. (2) Nov. 3, 1841, Lovisa Collins, of Hartford, Ct., d. 1848 ; chil. Annis, b. Dec. 17, 1798 ; m. Stalham Allis ; Chester, h. May 25, 1801 ; Emily W., b. Jan. 10, 1803, m. (1) Salmon W.,-Al.lis ; (2) Hon. E. T. Foote ; Hiram Fish, h. June 8, 1804; Ju^aAm, b. Aug. 1, 1806, m. J. C. Sanderson; Charles David, b. Oct. 2, 1816; Amaret Sarah, b. Dec. 8, 1819, d. young. Stockbbidgk, Chester,^ David,^ d. Jap. 10, 1841. He m. Oct. 10, 1822, Violet Harwood, dau. of Dr. Francis; she d. Sept. 3, 1840; chil. Edwin A., b. July 1, 1823; Francis W., b. Dec. 4, 1825; Frederick A., b. July 4, 1828; David H., b. Aug. 28, 1831; Emily W., b. Sept. 27, 1836 ; Roderick B., b. Sept. 12, 1838. 270 ■ Stockbridgb, HiBAM F.,3 David,^ grad.' A. C. 1827; lawyer in Roch- ester, N. Y. ; d. April 8, 1859. He m. Aug. 30, 1830, Eliza Morton, dau. of Consider; chil. Selen Eliza, b. July 17, 1831; Hiram Bandolph, b. Nov. 11, 1833; Henry Davis, b. Aug. 7, 1843. Stockbridgb, Charles D.,3 David.^ d. April 2, 1872. He m. Oct. 2, 1838, Mary H. Ferguson, dau. of Rev. John ; chil. Sarah Annis, b/- Oct. 20, 1839, d. Jan. 12, 1865 ; OTiajrles Henry, b. May 9, 1841 ; Margaret Anna, b. Aug. 13, 1842, m. Earotas Morton. Stockbridgb, Edwin A.,* Chester,^ m. Louisa Williams; chrl. ErsKne B., b. March 24, 1849 ; Ella Violet, b. Nov. 29, 1851 ; Edwin A., h. Jan. 21, 1854; Eva Q., b. March 31, 1856. Stockbridgb, Francis W.,* m. Eliza Eddy, of Whitingham, Vt. Stockbridgb, Roderick B.,* m. Mary E. Stockwell, of Northampton. Stockbridgb, Hiram R.^ Hiram T.,^ m. Sept. 25, 1862, Aurelia De Long Low ; chil. Herbert Edwa/rd, b. April 16, 1865 ; Marion Helen, b. April 16, 1870. STOCKBKiDGEi Henry D.,* Hiram P., 3 m. June 29, 1865, Adalihe A. Green; chil. Maude Harriet, b. Feb. 25, 1867; Morton Gorton, b. Nov. 22, 1868 ; Henry Lindsay, b. May 13, 1871; ' Stockbridgb, Charles H.,* Charles D. ;3 chil. Margairet Anna, b. Nov. 11, 1864 ; Charles D., b. Feb. 1, 1866 ; Borah Bosdla, b. Nov. 27, 1868; George. Strong, Harrison D., son of Maltby and Maria; b. Dec. 6, 1830; d. Jan. 6, 1867. He m. Jan. 19, 1853, Sarah A. Sanderson, dau. of John C. ' Swift, Heman, from Barnard, Vt. ; lived in the Straits ; b. May 6, 1764, d. June 16, 1834. He m. Orpah Howard, b. Sept. 19, 1761, d. Jan. 27, 1847 ; chil. Sylvia, b. April 25, 1783, m. Eben Mcintosh; Salome, b. April 14, 1785, m. Obadiah Wait; Fanny, b. April 11, 1787, m. (1) Daniel AUis; (2) Cotton Bardwell; Orpah, b. April 10, 1789, m. Leavitt Vining ; Betsey, b. Sept. 19, 1792, m. — Dawes; Sabra, b. Nov. 29, 1794, m. William Bardwell; Heman, b. Aug. 20, 1796; Kingsley, b. Aug'. 17, 1800; CarZbs, ,b. March 31, 1804. Swift, Hbman,^ m. Jan. 30, 1825, Lucy Mosher; chil. BufusM.,h. April 8, 1836 ; Lueind, b. Sept. 8, 1839, m. A. P. Smith. Swift, Kingsley,^ k. by lightning, June 17, 1836. He m. Pamilla Belding, dau. of Augustus'; chil. Edward; Clark; Howard; Augusta C, m. Francis Bassett. Swift, Carlos,® m. Aurelia Belden, dau. of Francis; chil. Myron G. ; Electa A., ra. Wells A. Johnson; Emma. Swift, Rufus M.,3 Heman,® m. Inez G. Wells; chil. Ghampion B., b. Jun« 29, 1868 ; LeslieW., b. Dec. 20, 1868. Taydok, Adonijah, .'(see p.-£9,) wife Rachel; chil. John, wife Eliza- beth; Eilmand, wife Priscilla; Solomon; Eiiphalet ; Adonijah ; Obed, b. 1762, settled in Montague; Clement ; Theodore ; Mary; Electa, ra. Nov.- 25, 1787, Henry Williams, of New Bethlehem, N. Y. 271 Tavix)r, John.s wife, Elizabeth; chil. PtUy, bap^ 1773; B^sey, bap. 1777; John, bap. 1781; ilacM, bap. n&5\ Shays, bap. 1787. Temple, Josiah Howard, Rev., son of X)e,a. John and Abigail (Johnson) Temple, of Framingham; b. March 2, 1815, m. May 18, 1847, Mary Bel- den, dau. of Aaron ; chil. Mary Emily,, b. .Sept. 18, 1848 ; AVby Maria, b. June 30, 1851, d. young; John, and Sarah,MHihard,pii'vas, b. July 17, 1852, d. young ; John Hoipard, b. Aug. 30, 1853 ; Josiah, b. July 24, 1855, d. young; Anna, b. Aug. 23, 1856, d. young. Thaykb, Caleb L., son of Elkanah, Jr., and Hannah (Thaxter) Thayer, of Williamsburg ; b. May 25, 1823 ; settled in Whately, 1860 ; postmaster; m.NoT. 22, 1855, Catharine Agnes Day, dau, of Heman S., b. Oct. 19, 1832. Todd, Asa; Rev., 1789, from Westfield; chil. Luerefia, b. May 8, 1783; Justiis, b. June 24, 1786; Baiftd M., b. Aug 28, 1787 ; Marah, b. Oct. 15, 1789; Lyman, b. Oct. 30,, 1791; Esther, b. April 30, 1794; Zoheide, b. Sept. 26, 1796. Tower, Hannah, 1811, tailoress ; d. March 22, 1850, aged 76. TRA'bir,.FETER, son of John and Lydia (Jenni^onJ Train, of Watertown; b. Jan. 9, 1725. In 1761, be built a house on the Rufus Sanderson place ; d. Jan. 21, 1793, He m. Sarah Cowles, of Hatfield ; chil. Oliver, b. Jan. 8, 1760; Judith, b. Nov. 20, 1761, m. S., G. Morton ; Fhebe, b. Dec. 3, 1763, m. Israel Graves; Lemuel; Selah, b. Deege9, 1766:. d. July 1, 1789; Lois, b. Dec. 8, 1768 ; Sarah, b. Oct. 8, 1770, m. Martin Taylor ; Lydia, b. 1772, d. Teb. 28, 1777 ; Lydia ; Content. Train, Oliver,^ Peter.i d. July 19, 1820. He m. (1) Feb. 19, 1784, Miriam Wait, dau. of Jeremiah; she d. July 24, 1790; m. (2) Rachel Bardwell, of Ashfield ; chil. Rachel, b. June 10, 1785 ; Boswdl, b. April 9, 1787; Miriam, b. Nov. 11, 1788; Silas, b. Oct. 30, 1791, d. young; iSiias, b. Nov. 24, 1792, d. April 8, 1818; Phebe, b. March 17, 1794; Samuel, b. April 15, 1796; John, b. Feb. 4, 1798; Parsons, b. April 4, 1799; Ardas, b. Jan. 22, 1801. Train, Lbmubl,^ Peter,^ rem. to Brookfield,.Vt. ; m. Nov. 25, 1787, Clarissa Morton, dau. of Oliver; chil. Selah; Sylvester; Moi-ton. Train, RoswEii,^ 01iTer,2 d. Dec. 20, 1869. He m. Elizabeth E. Smith ; chil. Sarah Ann, b. Feb. 5, 1809 ; Horace, b. Oct. 23, 1810 ; Mary, b. Feb. 20, 1813, d. young ; Elizabeth E., b. April 16, 1815 ; Mary S., b. July 19, 1817, d. July 10, 1841; Samuel, b. Sept. 24, 1820; Lucinda, b. July 3, 1823; Lewis, b. Nov. 4, 1825; Cordelia A., b. Dec. 19, 1827, d. young; Estes, b. Aug. 23, 1829, d. young; Lucretia A., b. Aug. 9, 1835. Train, Samuel,^ Oliver ,2 rem. to Brunswick, O., m. Mary C. Guernsey ; chil. Catharine M., b. Dec. 24, 1822, m. Jerry Rowe; Mary B., b. April 7, 1824, m. Julius Hyers ; Electa A., b. Aug. 9, 1825, m. George Cevilard ; Bachel Q., b. July 3, 1827, m. John Rowe; Jane Mary, b. Feb. .6, 1820, .d. young ; Samuel, b. March 2, 1831, m. Laurania Allen ; Jane M- b. Mar. 17, 1833, m. Henry Paulus; GharloUe P., b. Feb. 15, 1835; San-qh B., b. April 22, 1837, m. Oliver Rowe; Martha W., b. Oct. 6, 1839, m. Robert 272 Edwards ; Jo%n 0., b. Dec. SO, 1841, d. young ; P^efte B., b. Sept. 80, 1846, m. John Edwards. Trahst,. Aketas.s lives in Medina Co., O. ; m. Martha Wait; chil. George W., h. Jan. 16, 1819, m. Mary Bliss; Ulsey B., b. Aug. 24, 1823, m. Harry Warner; Tryphena, b. Feb. 8, 1825, m. Joseph Tabor; Morris, b. Oct. 8, 1833, d. Nov. 18, 1851. Tkain, Horace,* RoBwell,3 m. (1) July 4, 1831, Mirtha M. Brown, dau. of Prescott, b. Oct. 18, 1813, d. Feb. 23, 1863; (2) May 6,, 1863, Hannah F. Gouch, dau. of Moses, b. March 18, 1823; chil. Martha A., b. Nov. 19, 1833, d. Feb. 22., 1843; Amaretta C, b. July 3, 1836, d. Nov. 9, 1854; Mary 8. G., b. Dec. 19, 1840; Eustis, b. April 19, 1843, d. young; George N.B., b. July 1, 1845; Aylett W., b. April 16, 1849; Addison W., b. Aug. 19, 1849; Ida A., b. Aug. 23, 18.52, d. young. Turner, Abraham, Before 1770, he settled near the Bap. meeting- house ; wife. Thankful; chil. Abraham; Ezra-; wife d. Jan. 1777, aged 36 ; Sarah, m. John Morey ; and others. Turner, Otis, m. Zelinda Sanderson, dau. of Silas. TuTE, Keziah, d. April 6, 1795, aged 88; prob. wid.> of James, of Vernon, Vt. Wait, Benjamin,! Sergt. ; (see p. 83;) wife,* Martha Leonard, of Springfield. Wait, John,2 b. in Hatfield, Jan. 17, 1680; wife, Mary Belding, dau. of Stepheiil Wait, Jerbmiah,^ b. Sept. 24, 1684; wife, Mary Graves. Wait, John,^ Jphn,8 b. Deo. 3, 1703; one of the. earliest settlers in the Straits ; d. March 4, 1776. He m. (1) Sept. 19, 1723, Submit Hastings ; (2) Mary , d. Deo. 23, 1807, aged 96; chil. Joel, b. March 13, 1726; Jemsha, b. Jan. 24, 1728; Eleanor, b. April 4, 1730; Seth, b. Aug. 12, 1732 ; Lydia, b. Sept. 26, 1734 ; Katharine, b. Dec. 25, 1736 ; Ghloe, b. Feb. 23,' 1738 ; Ma«-y, b. April 18, 1741, m. William Brown ; John, b. Nov. 25, 1743 ; Submit, m- Wait Broughton ; Joel, b. Sept. 9, 1754. Wait, Elisha.s John,2 b. Oct. 10, 1725, d. June, 1816. He m. Martha Wells, of Hardwick; chil. Elihu, h. Aug. 14, 1758; Consider, b. March 25, 1762; Jonathan, b. April 20, 1774; perhaps others. Wait, Seth,* John,3 m. March 20, 1753, Submit Smith; child, Jemsha, bap. Sept. 13, 1772. Wait, John,* John,3 wife, Mary; chil. Solomon, b. Oct. 15, 1768; Edward, b. Oct. ^, 1770; Betsey, b. Deo. 22, 1772; Selah, b. Feb. 15,1776; John, b. Aug. 16, 1777; William, b. Sept. 18, 1779 ; Submit, b. May 18, 1782 ; Chester G., b. Sept. 11, 1784 ; Judith, apd Electa, twins, b. Jan. 25, 1787; Mary, b. June 20, 1789.; Wait, Joel,* John,3 known as " Landlord Wait," d. July 4, 1884. He m. Deborah Blood, d. Aug. 26, 1829, aged 74 ; chil. Lemuel, b. May 1, 1776 ; Abd, b. July 18, 1778 ; Aaron, b. Sept. 8, 1780, m. Sarah Morton ; Obadiah, b. Jan. 8, 1783; Luke, b. May 9, 1786, m. Mary Kellogg; Anna, b. July 2, 1787 ; Amy, h. Nov. 21, 1789 ; Sally, b. May 12, 1791, d. Jan. 8, 1812 ; Joel, b. Aug. 27, 1793; John, b. Oct. 15, 1795. Wait, Elihu,* Elisha,^ bought where Bufus Wait now lives ; d. July 19, 1828. He m. (1) April 29, 1779, Rebecca Graves, d. Aug. 11, 1821 ; 273 -(2) Electa Kellogg, d. Nov. 9, 1838; chil. Lucretia, b. Nov. 5, 1779; PoUy, b. April 5, 1784, m. Joel Munson ; Oalvin, b. May 22, 1785; Demis, b. June 26, 1786, m. Gideon Dickinson ; Sally, b. July 26, 1787, m. Spencer Brown; Luther, b. Jan. 21, 1788; Boxa, b. April 16, 1789, m. John Rice; Sufkis, b. July 9, 1790; Chester, b. Dee. 24, 1793, rem. to Leroy, N. Y. ; Rebecca, b. Dec. 12, 1795, m. Abner Cooley ; Elihu, b. June 2, 1797, rem. to Leroy, N. Y. ; Sylvester, b. June 12, 1799, rem. to Leroy, N. Y. Wait, Consider,* Elisha,3 lived on Poplar hill ; d. Deo. 4, 1829. He m. (1) Sarah Lull; (2) Elizabeth Weaver, d. July 28, 1822, chil. Nancy, b. Nov. 29, 1788, m. Chester Morton ; Cynthia, b. Jan. 20, 1790, m. Levi Smith; James, b. March 18, 1791, rem. to Ohio; Enos, b. April 1, 1792; Bewry, b. March 27, 1793; Sally, b. June 16, 1796, m. Justin Brown; William, b. Nov. 11, 1797, m. Mary Chamberlain ; John, b. May 26, 1799, m. Lucinda Dickinson ; Elizabeth, b. Jan. 16, 1801, m. Emmons Meekins. Wait, Jonathan,'* Elisha,^ lived on Grass hill ; d. April 6, 1885. He m. (1)' March 1, 1797, Betsey Brown, b. March 1, 1777, d. Jan. 23, 1817 ; (2) Nancy Robinson, b. April 24, 1784, chil. Eliza, b. May 26, 1798, m. AlansonRing; Amy, b. Aug. 11, 1800, m. Eri Sanderson; Horace, b. 1802; Martha, b. Dec. 2, 1803, m. Aretas Train; Elsie, b. Jan. 14, 1806, m. W. H. Judd ; Alpha, b. Dec. 16, 1807 ; Delight, b. April 20, 1810, m. Joel Flagg; Horace, b. Sept. 29, 1811; Sophia, b. Sept. 10, 1813; Spencer, b. Oct. 5, 1814; daughter, h. Jan. 23, 1817; Nancy, b. Oct. 6, 1820; Betsey, b. Sept. 22, 1822; Electa, b. Oct. 26, 1824; Chaun- eey, b. Deo. 5, 1828, d. of wounds, June 27, 1864. Wait, Lbmubl,^ landlord JoeH, lived at Westbrook bridge ; d. Sept. 19, 1847. He m. Feb. 23, 1795, RoxaAllis, dau. of Russell; chil. Bussell, h. July 29, 1796; Bency, b. Dec. 21, 1798, m. Elijah Burnap, of Sutton; Harris, b. Nov. 17, 1800; Lemuel A., b. Jan. 12, 1803; Buxana, b. Feb. 9, 1805, m. Cyrus B. Bardwell ; Fidelia, b. May 10, 1807 ; Allen, b. Nov. 6, 1809, m. Susan Pratt; WiHiam, b. March 31, 1812; Electa; b. Aug. 1, 1814, d. April 17, 1861 ; Eliza Ann, b. Deo. 22, 1816, m. -Rufus Mosher. Wait, Obadiah.s landlord Joel,4 a cooper ; rem. to Chicopee; d. Dec. 10, 1853. He m. Jan. 12, 1804, Salome Swift ; chil. Aloristan, b. Dec. 13, 1805, m. Althea Vining ; Alonzo, b. Aug. 4, 1807, m. Ann Adams; Caroline, b. July 19, 1811, m. Cullen Vining; Fanny, b. July 21, 1813, m. Grosvenor Bowers; Sanford, m. Clementine Look; George; Carlos, h. Oct. 21, 1828, d. May 16, 1854. Wait, Joel,^ landlord Joel,* lived near R. T. Morton's corner; d. Feb. 15, 1864. He m. Nancy Bartlett, dau. of Daniel ; chil. Ann Eliza, b. March 22, 1824, m. Walter Elder; Lord Nelson, b. Aug. 9, 1825; Daniel BaHlett, b. Aug. 25, 1828, d. April 26, 1867 ; Aaron Elam, b. Aug. 30, 1831 ; Henry Morton, b. March 23, 1834 ; Joel Lyman, b. April 30, 1836 ; 'Wright Noble, b. July 4, 1838 ; Arthur Alfred, b. Aug. 30, 1841 ; Nancy Cornelia, b. Feb. 23, 1843, d. Oct. 11, 1853. 274 Wait, John.s landlord Joel,* rem. to Wendell ; m. Feb. 24, 1822, Har- riet Coburn ; cbil. Sylvester C, b. May 16, 1826. Wait, Calvin.s Elihu,4 m. April 4, 1811, Sarah Brown, dau. of John ; chil. Louisa', m. Franklin ' Graves ; Minerva, m. Dwight Boyden; Dolly; Elizabeth, b. Oct. 8, 1824, m. Edward Graves ; Sarah, m. Horace Blan- chard; Ariette, m. William P. Smith. ^ Wait, Ltjther,5 Elihu,* a clothier ; d. June 4, 1846. He m. Experience Dickinson, dau. of Aaron. Wait, Rni'US,^ Elihui* lives on the homestead; m. Abigail Dickinson, dau. of Roger; she d. Oct. 4, 1853; chil. Charles E., b. March 10, 1814; Geor^'e J.., b. April 4, 1823; Rebecca G., b. June 6, 1826, d. Sept. 4, 1838; Bufus D., b. April 12, 1853. Wait, JamkSjS Consider,* m. Eliza Ashley; chil. Semantha J., b. April 25, 1823, d. young ; Hester F., b. June 19, 1825, m. William Ross ; James L., b. Sept. 1, 1827, m. Sarah Ross ; Charles &., b. April 2, 1830 ; Julius B., b. Sept. 19, 1832, k. at the battle of Stone River, 1863, m. Lovina Francis ; George F., b. Dee. 29, 1835, m. Marlin ; Mary E., b. May 6, 1839, d. June 10, 1855 ; Enos A., b. July 21, 1841, m. Marion Fuller; John B., b. March 19, 1844, m. Nancy Wait; Judd, b. Aug. 21, 1848, d. April 21, 1853. Wait, Enos, Capt.,5 Consider,* rem. to Brunswick, O., d. March 2, 1869. He m. Martha AUis, dau. of Daniel; chil. James Monroe, b. Sept. 4, 1817 ; George, b. Deo. 6, 1819 ; John, b. July 24, 1823 ; Elisha, b. Nov. 1, 1827. Wait, Hbnky,5 Consider,* m. Sophia AUis, dau. of Daniel; o\a\. Fidelia, b. Feb. 3, 1818 ; Sophia, b. Dec. 12, 1820 ; Emry, b. Sept. 16, 1822 ; Dwight, b. June 18, 1828 ; Lucius, b. Dec. 12, 1835 ; Nancy, b. Feb. 2, 1838; Angelina, b. July 21, 1844. Wait, John,^ Consider,* rem. to Athol; d. Jan. 6, 1853. He m. Lucinda Dickinson, dau. of Roger ; chil. Samuel Grimes, b. 1827, d. June 2, 1853; James; Milton; Helen. Wait, Alpha,^ Jonathan,* lives at north end of Grass hill ; m. Almira Judd, of Northampton ; chil. Nancy, b. Dec. 2, 1838, m. E. E. Sanderson ; LydiaA., b. April 16', 1841; Mary E.,"b. May 22, 1843; Francis E., b. Sept. 6, 1847. Wait, HoEACE,5 Jonathan,* rem. to No. Hatfield; m. (1) June 30, 1836, Julia Robinson, dau. of ApoUos ; (2) Mary Bridgeman ; chil. William B., h. Sept. 6, 1837, k. before Petersburg, Va., June 18, 1864; Emily J., b. Aug. 5, 1841 ; Julia, b. May 11, 1843, m. Lyman Abbott; Edward C, b. July 16, 1847. Wait, Rcssbll,^ Lemuel,^ lived at West Brook bridge ; m. Nov. 12, 1816, Mary Anna Emma Morton, dau. of Daniel;* chil. Chauncey S. ; Albert A. ; Merana; Julia Ann, m. Edwin Biaiiia.Td ; Fidelia, m. Hon. John Smith, of Missoiiri ; Lyman B. ; Emily. Wait, Harris.^ Lemuel,^ d. May 7, 1868. He m. (1) Phebe Hunt, d. Sept. 1, 1830; (2) Louisa Bowman; chil: Mary Ophelia, b. Feb. 8, 1829, m. George Russell ; Laura Louisa, b. Feb. 19, 1839, d. Feb. 2, 1846. 275 Wait, Lemtjel A. ,6 Lemuel.^ m. Louisa Dickinson, dau. of Moses ; chil. Almira ; Sophia. Wait, William,* Lemuel.^ rem. to Ludlow ; m. Asenath Dutton ; ohiL Lemud D., b. March 12, 1845, m. Angelia M. Fairbanks ; and others. Wait, Aaron E.,6 Joel,5 m. Nov. 1, 1853, Nancy E. Dane; chiL Willis Edgar, b. Nov. 8, 1854, d. Aug. 16, 1856 ; Charles E., b. Nov. 6, 1866, d. July 2i, 1863; Anna E., b. Nov. 13, 1858, d. June 15, 1863. Wait, Sylvester C.,6 John.s m. (1) May 15, 1850, Abby A. Horton, b. July 11, 1832, d. Sept. 20, 1858 ; (2) Mary A. Thayer, b. Nov. 25, 1842 ; chil. Juliiis Edward, b. Jan. 2, 1851, d. Sept. 12, 1853 ; Herbert Leslie, b» Feb. 7, 1858, d. young ; Anna Leslie, b. Sept. ,2, 1861 ; Abky Amelia, b. April 3, 1865. Wait, Charles E.,6 Rufus.s rem. to Bolton ; m. Mary C. Brown; chil. Charles Aiwood, b. Feb. 14, 1814, m. Anna Miller; Edward 0., b. Feb. 15, 1847. Wait, George A.,* Rufus,5 m. Mary S. Batchelder, of Conway; child, Abby Amelia, b. Oct. 15, 1860, rem. to No. Amherst. Wait, Rueus D.,6 Rufus,^ lives on the old homestead; m. July 2, 1857, Eunice A. Policy, of Williamsburg; chil. Harriet M., b. Oct. 18, 1858; Lottie B., b. Sept. 16, 1862; daughter, b. Sept. 3, 1871. Wait, JamIs Monroe,* Enos,^ m. Olive Miller ; Shil." Mary L., b. March 11, 1845, m. William E. Williams; Wesley P., b. March 11, 1847, m. Clarissa Collier; Chester E., b. March 17, 1851; Fremont A., b. Oct. 18, 1855; Oliver &., b. June 17, 1858; Sanford L., b. Oct. 29, 1861. Wait, George,* m. Sarah Francis ; child, Milton E., h. Dec. 17, 1846, m. Lucy Meacham. Wait, John,* m. Martha Swift; child, Nancy M., b. Sept. 7, 1845, m. Daniel Mercer. Wait, Elisha,* m. Harriet Swift; chil. Morris J., b. March 13, 1852; Sarah E., b. Oct. 30, 1857. Wait, Nathan,^ Jeremiah,^ Benjamin,! b. Feb. 15, 1711 ; lived with his son Jeremiah where J. B. Wait now lives ; d, Nov. 25, 1798. He m. Hannah Billings, dau of Richard ; chil. Mary, b. June 5, 1740 ; Jeremiah, b. Dec. 16, 1742; Elijah, b. Feb. 3, 1744; Asa, b. March 23, 1747. Wait, Simbon,3 bro. of Nathan, b. abt. 1716. Before 1764, he settled in the Lane; prob. owned lots No. 36 and 37 in the Second Division of Commons ; sold to Abial Bragg and moved to the Straits ; m. Feb. 8, 1739, Martha Dickinson ; chil. Martha, b. Oct. 5, 1744 ; Miriam, b. July 5, 1747 ; Oad, b. March 10, 1751, m. Dec. 19, 1771, Hannah Brown. Wait, Jeremiah,* Nathan, 3 d. March 16, 1817. He m. Rachel B<>ment, of Ash6eld, d. Dec. 23, 1814, aged 72; chil. Oliver, b.^jApril 10, 1763, d. May 25, 1784; Miriam, b. Nov. 7, 1764, d. July 26, 1790; Nathan, b. Sept. 2, 1766; Gad, b. Sept. 8, 1768; Benjamin, b. Sept. 15, 1770; Rachel, b. March 5, 1773, d. young ; Mary, b. June 5, 1776, d. young ; Lois, b. May 30, 1777, d. May 27, 1787 ; Jeremiah, b. Oct. 15, 1779 ; Joseph, b. July 17, 1782, m. Lucretia Crafts. Wait, Nathan,^ Jeremiah,* lived on the homestead ; m. Lucy Munson, dau. of Reuben ; chil. PaWy, b. Dec. 7, 1790; Thomas, b. Oct. 8,1794; Lois, b. Aug. 25, 1796, m. Harwood Smith ; Nancy, b. Nov. 23, 1798, 276 m. Amasa Wade ; Lucinda, b. Aug. 8, 1800, m. Reuben Jenney, Jr. ; Electa, b. Jan. 9, 1804, d. young; Nelson, b. Dec. 4, 1805; Electa, b. Deo. 6, 1807, m. Otis Kingsley; Lucy, b. Feb. 1, 1810; John Bemeni, b. Aug. 5, 1812; Julia, b. Nov. 26, 1816, m. Edward Warner. Wait, BEsrjAMiN,^ Jeremiah,* d. Sept. 28, 1830. He m. Polly Mott, of Goshen, d. March 15, 1864, aged 86 ; chil. Rebecca, b. Nov. 13, 1794, m. William Loomis ; Erastus, b. Feb. 17, 1797 ; Sophia, b. Aug. 13, 1799, m. Daniel Nichols ; Charlotte, b. Jan. 2, 1802, d. Feb. 11, 1810 ; Sallp, h. July 4, 1804, m. George W. Mather; Irena, b. Deo. 8, 1806, m. Charles N. Miner ; Horace, b. July 15, 1809 ; Charlotte, b. Dec. 6, 1811, d. Oct. 20, 1830 ; Martha, b. Aug. 8, 1816, m. W. B. Mclntire. Jf Wait, Jekemiah,^ Jeremiah,'* riarpenter; d. June 30, 1865. He m. (1) Sarah Crafts, dau. of Moses, d. April 16, 1834; m. (2) Feb. 8, 1835, Clarissa Davis, d. April 30, 1864 ; chil. Pamela, b. Oct. 10, 1798, m. Lewis Wells; Bathsheba, b. Sept. 11, 1800, m. Levi Graves; Hannah, b. Dec. 6, 1802, d. young; Horace, h. Nov. 17, 1804, d. young; David, b. Aug. 15, 1807, d. Nov. 9, 1822; Sophroma,h. Oct. 14, 1809, m. J. M. Jewett; Miriam, b. April 2, 1812, m. Nathaniel Hazleton; Justin, b. Sept. 9, 1814; Eliza A., b. Aug. 11, 1816, d. young; Eliza A., b. Oct. 16, 1818, m. Lewis Frary. Wait, Thomas,*? Nathan,5 d. Sept. 14, 1866! He m! Jan., 1822, Electa Kingsley, dau. of Supply; chil. Cordelia, b. July 14, 1824, m. Daniel F. Morton; Chester K., b. Aug. 12, 1825; Judith W., h. Dec. 15, 1828, m. William Stickney ; Charles D., b. Feb. 6, 1831 ; Mary, b. March 20, 1834, m. George Marks. Wait, Nelson, ^ Nathan.s m. Caroline Warner, of Leicester; chil. Horace, d. young; Alonzo, d. young; Oeorge, b. 1840; Eliza Ann, b. July 1, 1842, m. John Avery; Jenny, b. 1844, m. Charles Andrews; Alonzo, d. young; Ellen E. ; Joseph W. ; Thomas. Wait, John Bbmbnt,* Nathan ,5 lives on the old homestead; m. Deo. e, 1838, Celia Ford, dau. of John ; chil. Alfred E., b. Sept. 20, 1840; John Edward, b. Dec. 12, 1843; Adelaide, b. Sept. 20, 1845, m. Arthur S. Stephens; Arthur W., b. Dec. 27, 1847, d. young; Willis E , b. Mar. 21, 1850; MarahM., h. Nov. 14, 1852; Francis B., b. Aug. 19, 1856, d. June 24, 1869 ; Anna L., b. Feb. 17, I860. Wait, Ekastus,^ Benjamin.^ m. April 10, 1820, Polly Burroughs, dau. of Stephen; chil. Qeorge A.,h. Feb. 24, 1821, m. Elizabeth Williams; Mary A., b. May 12, 1823, m. John Woolley ; Ella J., b Sept. 15, 1825, m. James B. Pari^; Seth A., b. June 27, 1827; Benjamin F., b. Feb. 1, 1830, m. Martha Ferris; Charles H.,h. May 26, 1834, m. Ella Stevens; Charlotte, b. April 22, 1836, m. Rev. Johnson Wright ; Henrietta E., b. April 12, 1838, m. Frederick Backus; Sarah M., b. Aug. 25, 1840, ni. Edwin Wright; Julia A., b. Aug. 3, 1841, m. Edwin Hannum ; Frederick P., b. Feb. 7, 1844; Clarence, b. Aug. 8, 1845, d. young. Wait, Hokace,6 Benj.,* m. Aug. 15, 1839, Tamer A. Dexter; chil. Henry M., b. June 28, 1840, m. Helen M, Finch; Clark B., b. Sept. 14, 277' 1843, d. Jan. 9, 1856 ; MdanetTimD., b. Oct. 1, 1846,' d. young; Herbert B., b. Feb. 7, 1848 ; Willis 8., b. Sept. 29, 1851. Wait, Jvartsfi Jeremiah.S m. Dec. 6, 1839, Mary A. Woolsey, dan. of Jonathan, of Brookline, Vt. ; chil. Sdwin E., b. March 8,- 1843 ; John W., b. Aug. 15, 1846 ; Ellen M , b. Aug. 31, 1848, m. Charles Stowell ; Justin Frank, b. Jan. 25, J853i Charles F., b. Dec. 24, 1856, d. July 14, 1863. Wait, Chester K.,'' Thomas,^ lives south of the centre cemetery ; m. Nov. 23, 1854, Miranda Hubbard, dau. of Elijah; chil. Alice J., b. Nov. 16, 1867 ; Charles H., b. April 15, 1869. Wait, Charles D.,' Thomas,^ m. Nov. 14, 1861, Althea M. Fox, dau. of S. W. Fox. Wait, Alpkei) EifGENB,'' John Bement,* d. July 1, 1866. He m. Jan. 1, 1863, Elizabeth Franklin, dau. of Horace; chW. Esther, b. Aug., 1864; Nettie, b. 1866. Wait, John E., 7 lives on the Thomas Wait place; m. June 19, 1867, Eliza Stoddard, dau. of Nathan, of Templeton; child, Arthur A., b. Feb. 4, 1870. Wait, Edwtn E.,'' Justin,6Tem. to Springfield ; m. July 28, 1868, Eliza A. 'White, dau. of Rev. Calvin; chil. Maude Estelle, b. Aug. 22, 1869. Wait, John W.,'' m. Oct. 3, 1868, Fanny O. Morgan, dau. of Theodore; child, son,b. Oct. 24, 1871. Wait, Joel, 1780, lived on Poplar hill, north of the Chester Brown placf; d. July 6, 1820, wrife Mary Carey, dan. of Dea. Joseph; chil. Joel, b. March 30, 1774, m. Lcantha Hanks, of Thetford, Vt. ; Submit, b. Dec. 7, 1776; d. young; Polly, b. Dec. 17, 1776, m. William Brown; Mercy, m. Chamberlain, of Thetford, Vt. ; Hannah, m. Isaac Chap- man ; Submit, b. Dec. 9, 1780. Wait, John, son of John and Mary, of Williamsburg, b. Nov. 4, 1781 ; m. Catharine Morton, dau. of Samuel Gillett Morton; chil. Elvira, b. Aug. 8, 1806, m. J. F. Harwood; Martha S., b. June 3, 1808, m. William F. Bardwell; Scmvuel &., b. Nov. 11, 1811. Wait, Samuel G.,2 d. April 6, 1861. He m. July 23, 1851, wid. Lorinda (Hayden) Frary, d. June 18, 1866, aged 44; chil. Oeorge; Sam- uel; Martha; Charles H, b. July 1, 1858. Walkek, Jacob, 1783-87 ; a joiner ; lived on the place now owned by J. Austin Elder. See p. 160. Warner, Jesse, lived on Poplar Hill. Warner, Luther, 1814, wife Electa. Warner, Rauh, son of Luther; b. Au^. 5, 1806, lives near the Baptist meeting-:house ; m. Almira Bennett, b. May 2, 1808 ; chil. Phineas, d. young ; Elliott A., b. March 15, 1830 ; Nancy B., m. Trueman Merritt, of Worcester; Mary L., m. Luther G. Stearns. Warner, Elliott A., son of Ralph, m. Sept. 22, 1852, Caro- line P. Brooker, dau. of John ; chil. Emma A., b. Feb. 2, 1854, m. J. H. Hoar ; Eva May, b. June 14, 1870. Wajiner. Edwin, son of Melzar, of Williamsburg ; m. Oct. 5, 1848, Almira L. Smith, dau. of Seth; chil. Ella A., b. May 18, 1850; Seth Smith, b. April 25, 1853; Maria E., b. Jan. 6, 1854; Harriet A., b. Sept. 25, 1856; Alice E., b. Feb. 2, 1860; Jessie Isabel, b. Dec. 23, 1862, d. Aug. 2, 1865 ; Carrie A., b. June 25, 1870. 278 Warner, Foster Y., son of Jpsiah, of Amherst, b. July 17, 1810 ; m, March 2, 1837, Achsah Morton, dau, of Sylvester ; chil. Emerson Clark, b. Aug, 26, 1839; Harriet Emma, h. May 12, 1842^ d. Feb. 28, 1846; Osmyn Erwin, b. March 24, 1844; Melvin Eastman, b. Jan. 11, 1847, d. Jan. 4, 1819. Warnbk, Emerson C.,^ lives on the original John Wait place; ni. Nov. 11, 1860, Amanda Hunter, daii.. of Abrani, of Chester; chil. Elizabeth, b. Oct. 27, 1863 ; Minnie Bdl, b. May 16, 1870. Weeks, Robert D., Prof., son of Rev. William R. ;< rem. to Newar^ N. J., m. (1) Sept. 28, 1843, Elvira J. Crafts, dau. of Rufus; she d. Feb 18, 1858 ; m. (2) Mary A. Green ; chil. William Rt^us, b. Sept. 3, 1844, d. young; Buf us Wells, h. Awg. 11, 1816; Luey Raymond, b. May 26, 1848; Robert Griswold, b. July 16, 1850; Oeorgs Franklin, b. July 2, 1862 ; John Randall, b. Jan. 18, 1856. Wells, Hugh,i b. in Essex Co., England; settled in Hartford, Cojin., d. about 1645. Wife. Frances ; she m. (2) Thomas Coleman; moved with him to Hadley, and d. 1678. Hugh left sons, John, who settled in Hatfield, a^d was the ancestor of Noah; Thomas, who settled in Hadley, and was the ancestor of Rev. Rufus. ,♦ Wells, John.s d. in Hatfield, Oct. 18, 1692 ; wife Sarah. Wells, J0HN,3 d. in Hatfield, April 21, 1720, aged 49 ; wife Rachel Marsh. Wells, Noah,* John,3 b. Jan. 18, 1719 ; settled in Whately 1768. See p. 61. He m. Abigail Bardwel), dau. of Ebenezer; chil. Lemuel; Elisha, b. July 30, 1747; Daniel; Abigail, m. Paul Warner; Simeon; Perez, b. Nov. 19, 1757; Violet, m. Joel Morton; John. Wells, I^bmuel.s Noah,* d. in Hawley. He m. Lydia Scott, dau. of David ;3 chil. Israel, b. June 16, 1774; Lydia, m. Israel Graves ; Lemuel; Quartus, ba,p. Aug. 22, 1779 ; Noah, bap. Jan. 6, 1782, m. Jenny Fergu- son, (I. at Sangersfield, N. Y. ; Oad ; Esther, m. Israel Crafts. Wells, ELiSHA,5:Noah,* lived on the west side of Mount Esther; rem. to Hawley ; m. (1) Rhoda Graves; (2) Amy ; chil. Amy, h. April 6, 1772, m. Daniel King; Sarah, b. Nov. 12, 1773, m. Bates; Jonathan, b. Oct. 11, 1776; Thaddeus, b. Jan. 12, 1779, m. Prudence Blood; Abi- gail, b. Jan. 2, 1782, m. Ashcr Loomis ; Sabra, b. April 5, 1784, m. Noah Coo\ey; Elisha, b. June 19, 1786, m. Rebecca Hull; Emily, b. June 2, 1788, m. Alvan Darby ; Clarissa, b. Dec. 3, 1790, m. Israel Crafts ; Ruth, b. Aug. 4, 1793. Wells, Daniel,^ Noah,* m. May 19, 1774, Apphia Dickinson, dau. of Abner.-. _ * Wells, Simeon,^ Noah,* wife Sarah; chil. Charles; William, bap. Oct. 2, 1791 ; Sarah, bap. Nov 30, 1792. Wells, Pekez,5 Noah,* d. Jan. 23, 1852. He m. Elizabeth Crafts, dau. of Benoni, d. July 30, 1848 ; chil. Chester,, b. Dec. 30, 1782 ; Calvin, b. May 22, 1785; Lucinda, h. March 11, 1787, d. Aug, 31, 1794; Luther, b. Oct. 30, 1790; Rhoda; Lewis; Isaac, d. young; Lewis, b. June 3, 1799; Lucinda, i>. Aug, 3, 1802, m. Leander Clark; Rhoda, b. May 17, 1806, d. March 16, 185iJ ; Jsaac, b. IJov. 27, 1808. Wells, . IsBAEL.fi Lemuel,^ carpenter and wheelwright; rem. Dec. 279 1817, to Bloomsbury, Pa. ; d. Fell. 21, 1853. He m. Jiily 11, 1798, D0II7 Smith, dau. of Gad, d. Dec. 27, 1836 ; chil. Sedgwick, b. Dec. 22, 1801 ; Theodore, b. April 24, 1804, m. Sept. 24, 1828, Martha Clark; Laura, b. March 24, 1806, d. Oct. 21, 1814; Clarissa, b. March 7, 1809, d. May 5. 1814 ; Israel, h. August 8, 1812 ; Clarissa, b. April 8, 1814, m. William Rupert; Mosdey Dewey, b. April 16, 1817. Wells, Jonathan,^ Elisha.s wife, Charlotte; chil. Amy, b. Feb. 6, 1809; Charlotte, b. Mar. 16, 1813; Judith B., b. Aug. 14, 1814; Willard, b. Aug. 8, 1816 ; Wealthy, b. Dec. 6, 1818, m. Newton Pease, of East- hampton; Sally, b. Sept. 2, 1820. Wells, Chester,^ Perez,^ blacksmith; town clerk; d. June 8, 1854. He m. March 9, 1814, Hannah Bardwell, dau. of Moses, d. June 9, 1844; chil. Phila, b. July 25, 1815, d. young; Phila, b. Oct. 27, 1817, d. April 4, 1851 ; Eurotas, b. June 26, 1819 ; Lucinda, b. March 5, 1824, d. Feb. 16, 1862; Almira, b. Aug. 8, 1825, m. Sept. 8, 1861, M. W. Jewett; infant, b. and d. Jan. 6, 1828; Mary Jerusha, b. Nov. 10, 1829, d. April 25, 1836. Wells, Calvin,^ Perez,5 selectman; town treasurer ; rep.; d. March 19, 1866. He m. Feb. 27, 1806, Thankful Crafts, dau. of John, d. May 19, 1863; chil' John, b. Nov. 15, 1806; Nancy, b. May 6, 1809, m. Noah Crafts; Porfer, b. Jan. 5, 1813; Calvin, b. Oct. 18, 1821; Julia E.,'^. Sept. 15, 1824, m. Alden A. Foote. Wells, Luthbe,^ Perez,^ wheelwright; town treasurer; d. Sept. 22, 1866. He m. May 13, 1818,' Elizabeth Smith, dau. of Joel, d. Jan. 7, 1862 ; chil. Charles, b. July 8, 1819 ; Joel Smith, b. Deo. 30, 1820; Ange- line, b. Aug. 15, 1823 ; Luther, and Elizabeth, b. Feb. 6, 1827 ; Perez M., b. March 28, 1829; George, b. Deo. 24, 1?:Z1; Augusta, b. April 19, 1833. Wells, Lbwis,^ Perez.s d. March 19, 1854. He m. Dec. 3, 1821, Pamela Wait, dau. of Jeremiah; chil. David Dwight, b. Oct. 1, 1822; Warren E., b. March 22, 1825, d. young ; Warren E., b. Dec. 19, 1828 ; Isaac N., b. Dec. 21, 1830, d. July 17, 1860; Beulah C, b. Oct. 21, 1832, m. Willard N. Beals. Wells, Isaac.b Perez,^ m. ; lives in 111. Wells, Sedgwick,'' Isj-aeU^ m. July 24, 1825, Hannah A. Drehr ; chil. son, b. May 14, 1826 ; William E., b. March 3, 1828, d. Sept. 24, 1841 ; Julia P., b. April 8, 1830, m. P. McHuling ; Clarissa B., b. Feb. 5, 1834 ; Amdia E., b. July 19, 1836, m. Dr. Joseph P. Webb. Wells, Israel,'' Israel,^ lives at Muncy, Pa. ; m. Nov. 14, 1835, Catharine F. Hodge,b. June 14, 1814; chil. Theodore Clark, b. July 21, 1837 ; Thomas S:, b. Jan. 29, 1839 ; Barvey S., b. Oct. 10, 1840 ; Clarissa, b. May 10, 1844, m. Joseph Fulmer; James B. C, b. Dec. 5, 1852. Well?, Mosely D.,'' Israel,^ m. Jan. 9, 1844, Harriet Hawley, b. April 1, 1822; child, Mary Dolly, b. April 1, 1866. Wells, Eurotas,'' Chester,^ d. March 15, 1855. He m. Sept. 12, 1850, Sarah H. Forbes; child, Mary Eunice, b. Feb. 27, 1853. Wells, Porter,'' Calvin,^ m. April 30, 1840, Marietta Foote; chil. John, b. May 17, 1841; David F., b. Feb. II, 1845, d. Aug. 11, 1846; 280 David p. ,h. Oct. 23, 1848; Calvin 2).> b. May 5, 1856, d. June 12, 1867. Wells, Calvin,'' Calvin.e lives at Saratoga, N. Y. ; m. Jan. 31, 1848, Hannah M. Waterbury; chil. Francis W., b. Dec. 23, 1848; Allen B., b, Aug. 19, 1850; Cynthia A., b. Jan. 15, 1854; Fanny T., b. June 6, 1857, Charles M., b. Aug. 31, 1862. Wells, Joel Smith,'' Luther,6 rem. to Ohio ; d. Sept. 26, 1868. He m. Ann E. Bailey, of Hampton, Can. ; chil. Letitia E., b. March 1, 1853 ; Tryphena, b. April 22, 1866, d. young. Wells, Perez M.,'' Luther,* m. Dec. 25, 1861, Lucretia H. Whitman; chil. George H., b. Oct. 31,«1862 ; Carrie J., b. March 8, 1864; Kate, b. Aug. 4, 1866. Wells, David D.,'' Lewis,^ m. Oct. 25, 1846, Irena M. Cushman, dau. of Ezra, d. April 1,7, 1870; chil., Jncz GeArude, b. May 19, 1847, m. Rufus M. Swift; Mary Lucinda, b. Feb. 16, 1851; Nellie Julia, b. Mar. 6, 1853 ; Anna Cora, b. March 6, 1855. Wells, Wakken E.,'' Lewis,^ m. Julia M. Coats, of Northampton. Wells, Amelia E ,8 Sedgwick,''' m. (1) Dr. Joseph P. Webb, of Pitts- burg, Pa.; (2) Dec. 17, 1868, George W. Mingor; chil. Wells B., b. Oct. 18, 1858; Jennie P., b. June 6, 1861; Kate A., b. Sept. 19, 1863; Mary J., b. Dec. 6, 1865; Robert Walter, b.' Aug. 23, 1869, d. Deo. 18, 1870; George W., b. April 1, 1871. Wells, Theodore Clark,8 Israel,'' m. Feb. 27, 1862, Mary Jane Johnson ; chil. Kate Lulu, b. May 23, 1863 ; Harvey Swaby, b. Nov. 20, 1865, d. Dec. 12, 1866; Israel Boyd, b. Nov., 1869. Wells, John,8 Porter,'' m. Nov. 18, 1863, Sarah J. Root, of Westfield; chil.^Wa M., b. May 1, 1865, d. May,9, 1865 ; Ella L., b. July 25, 1866 ; " Earry E., b. Aug. 10, 1868. Wells, David P.,8 Porter,'' m. Nov. 15, 1871, Mary Jane Foster, dau. of Rev. John P. Foster. Wells, Thomas,^ Hugh.i b. about 1620; d. 1676; wife, Mary; she m. (2) Samuel Belding. Wells, Ebenezeb,3 b. July 20, 1669 ; m. (1) Sarah Wait, dau. of Sergeant Benjamin; (2) Sarah, widow of John Lawrence, Wells, Thomas, M. D.,4 of Deerfield, b. Sept. 25, 1693, d. 1744. He m. Sarah Hawks, who d. in Whately, Oct. 10, 1783, aged 82. Wells, Rufus, Rev. ,5 Thomas, M. D.,* b. in Deerfield, Sept* 29, 1743; d. Nov.'8, 1834. He m. (1) Dec. 16, 1776, Sarah Porter, dau. of Rev. Nehemiah Porter, of Ashfield ; she d. April 27, 1796, aged 40 ; (2) Jan. 14, 1802, wid. Temperance Shepard, of Sharon, Conn., d. Oct. 7, 1830, aged 74 ; chil. Sarah, b. Oct. 6, 1777, m. Charles Dickinson ; Bebecca, b. Nov. 27, 1778, ™- John Baker; son, b. July -5, 1780; Thomas, b. Dec. 12, 1781; Luke, b. March;28, 1783, d. young; Luke, b. July 4, 1784; Elizabeth, b. March 25, 1786, m. Allen Baker ; Sophia, b. Sept. 30, 1787, d. young ; daughter, b. Nov. 26, 1789. Wells, Thomas.b Rev. Rufus,5 d. Sept. 25, 1849. He m. (1) Mary Wells, b. Sept. 22, 1781, d. Dec. 27, 1820; (2). Harriet (White) Arms, ./Jdau. of Salmon White, Jr., and wid. of Moses Arms 1 [Maryweffiiwas dau. of CoL John, of Rowe, who was son of Lieut. Samuel, of Greenfield, 281 who was son of John, of Deerfield, who was bro. of Thomas, M. D. ;*] chil. Mary Sophia, h. Feb. 8, 1812, in. Leonard Strong; John Hawks, b. Nov. 26, 1813; Samuel Smead, b. Dec. 8, 1815; Bufm Porter, b. Feb. 4, 1818. Weli,8, Luke, Capt.,« Rev. Rufus,5 d. March 27, 1848. He m. Mary Cooley, b. Sept. 6, 1784, d. Dec. 4, 1863; chil. Sarah, h. Jan. 27, 1808, m. Silas Rice; Mary h. May 7, 1810, m. Luke B. White; Caleb Cooley, b. Sept. 8, 1812; Elizabeth, b. May 4, 1815, d. Aug. 26, 1833; Almira, b. Sept. 23, 1817, d. Oct. 21, 1836; Silas F., b. Aug. 30, 1819, d. Feb. 10, 1820; Experience P., b. Nov. 23, 1822, m. Samuel B. White; Charles Phelps, b. March 20, 1827. Wells, Maey Sophia,'? Thomas,^ d. July 3, 1836. She m. May 21, 1833, Leonard Strong, of Williamsburg, b. Feb. 4, 1807, d. Aug. 23, 1870; chil. Eliza Jane, b-. March 17, 1834, m. April 28, 1868, Edwin Whitney Merritt ; Mary Sophia Wells, h. Nov. 4, 1835, m. Sept. 8, 1857, James Carlton Arms. Wblls, John H.,'' Thomas,* merchant in Easthampton ; d. Feb. 8, 1872. He m. Sarah B. Miller, of Williamsburg; s. p. Wells, Samuel S.,'' Thomas,* m. June 18, 1840, Mary A. Williams; chil. Ella Louise, b. May 12, 1843 ; Fid/ucia ■ Smead, b. Aug. 13, 1845 ; George Thomas, b. Dec. 25, 1849 ; Mary Ann, b. Nov. 21, 1852. Wells, Rottjs P., Rev.' Thomas,* m. Sept. 10, 1845, Chloe B. Belden, dau. of Aaron ; chil. Thomas Belden, b. June 24, 1846, d. Nov. 6, 1846 ; Mary Sophia, b. Aug. 13, 1850 ; Fanny Henrietta,, b. Feb. 12, 1854 ; twin sons, b. Sept. 23, 1856 ; •daughter, b. Nov. 29, 1858 ; Anna Porter, b. April 29, 1860. Wells, Sarah,' Capt. Luke,* d. Jan. 19, 1837, She m. Silas Rice, b.- Jan. 6, 1793, d. June 19, 1866 ; child, Sarah Maria, b. Dee. 23, 1832, m. William Porter, of Buckland. , Wells, Caleb Cooley,' Capt. Luke,* d. April 25, 1842. He m. M^ercy Morton, dau. of Consider; s. p. Wells, Charles P.,' Capt. Luke,* m. Jan. 6, 1853, Sarah B. Tatro, b. Oct. 29, 1831; chil. Charles Luke,' h. June 23, 1858; Herbert Clifford, b. Oct. 29, 1861 ; Arthur Phdps, b. Feb. 12, 1864. Wh:ite, , JoHK.^ settled in Cambridge; was made freeman, Mar6h 4, 1633 ; rem. in 1636, to Hartford, Ct. ; was a first settler in Hadley ; returned to Hartford ; was ruling elder in the South Church ; d. 1683 ; wife, Mary. White, DAsriEL,^ resided in Hatfield; lieut. ; d. July 27, 1713 ; wife, Sarah Crow. White, Danibl,3 b. July 4, 1671, in Hatfield ; rem. to Windsor, Ct. ; d. June 22, 1726. He m. (1) Sarah Bissell, dau. of Thomas ; (2) Anna Bissell, dau. of John ; (3) Elizabeth Bliss. White, Daniel,* b. Sept. 5, 1698 ; captain ; rem. from Windsor, Ct., to Hatfield ; then to Bolton, Ct. ; and returned to Hatfield, where he d. Dec. 15, 1786. He m. (1) Mary Dickinson ; (2) Elizabeth White. Vy^jTE^gAI^QSv* Capt. Daniel,* bap. Oct. 31, 1731 ; settled in Whately ^GS fffe ^iSe ^'Sr White ,place, about 1762 ; captain ; deacon; a leainig' I man in the new settlementTaT June 21, 1815. He m. M a r y Writ., wha d. 282 June 21, 1821, aged 91; chil. Salmon, b. Sept. 22, 1760 j John, h. Jan. 9, 1762; Mary, b. Jan. 24:, 1764, m. Ebenezer Arms, of Greenfield; Elizabeth, h.'Feb.lS, 1766, m. Perez Hastings, of Hatfield ; Mercy, b. March 3, 1768, m. Asahel Wright, Jr., of Deerfield; Judith, b. Dec. 29, 1770; a school-mistress ; d. unm. April 18, 1824; Thomas, b. April 12, 1773, m. Hannah Harwood. dau. of Capt. Nathan, of Windsor, Mass. ; rem. to Ashfield; Electa, b. Sept. 22, 1775, m. Elijah Allis. [Widow Mary Wait, mother of Mary, above, spent the latter part of her life in the family of Dea. White. She died August 18, 1791, aged 99 years and 9 months. In her extreme age her mental faculties almost entirely failed. ; s^ For some years, her life was literally a second childhood. She required to » ^^ be fed, and would amuse herself by dressing and fondling dolls, and other . ^ "% infantile sports. But about' a week before her death, her mind suddenly \ N^ ^ bngbtened up. She spoke intelligently of the Rev. Mr. Williams, of ^^ Hatfield, — her former pastor,— and repeated the whole of the Assembly'^s i ^^kortet -Catechism, questions, answers, and prffofs. She then gradually ^ sunk away, and died as the candle goes out in its socket.] \ White, Salmon,* Dea. Salmon,^ a farmer ; d. May 1, 1822. He m. (1) Lydia Amsden, of Deerfield, d. Feb. 22, 1799, aged 32; (2) Nov. 27, 1799, Anna Allis, wid. of Col. Josiah, d. June 21, 1839, aged 83; chil. Jii ^^aii. b. June 3, 1787 ; Harrie t, b. March 4, 1790, m. (1) Nov. 12, 1811, Moses Arms, of Greenfield; '(2) Thomas Wells; MJm/, b. June 3, 1793, m. Oct. i, 1814, Jerry Allis ; child, b. and d. Aprill9, 1798. ^ White, JoHN,"~Dea. - Salmon ,6 deacon ; selectman ; rep. ; d. April 2, 1836. He m. Elizabeth !Brown, dau. of Samuel, of Worcester, who d. March 26, 1853, aged 88 ; chil. Luke Brovm, b. May 8, 1797 ; Elizabeth Mary, b. Jan. 23, 1799,- m. John Bardwelf Morton ; Judith, b. Nov. 17, ^ 1800, d. Aug. 27, 1810 ; Maria, b. Oct. 31, 1802, m. Eurotas Morton ; -*.J"ofen, b. Aug. 2, 1804; Elvira, b. Oct. 19, 1806, m. Levi Bush, Jr.; Samuel BrooJcs, b. Jan. 9, 1811; Judith, b. May 18, 1813, d. May 4, 1837 ; Eunice, b. Dec. 24, 1819, d. Dec. 30, 1824. White, .^bjus,'' Salmon,^ deacon ; selectman ; rep. ; d. April 4, 1855. e m. Bhoda Frary, dau. of Maj. Fhineas ; she d. Oct. 2, 1855; chil. Oamdia, h. July 4, 1809, m. John White ; Salmon, b. Oet. 1, 1810, d. Lydia Amsden, b. Jan. 1, 1814, d. Aug. 29, 1835. ZtUKB B.,'' J)ea. John,* lived on the old homestead; select- man ; d. Oct. 12, 1853. He m. Oct. 2i; 1830; Mary Wells, dau. of Capt. Luke ; she d. June 15, 1839 ; chil. Henry Kirke, b. September 25, 1831 ; TheophiVus Huntington, b. Nov. 19, 1832, d. July 16, 1843 ; Mary Eliza' heth, b. Aug. 2, 1834, m. Oliver D. Root, M. D. ; Jol^n Newton, b. ISoy. 18, ,1835; Sarah Weils, b., Sept. 14, 1837, d. April 14, 1838; Samuel y Brooks, b. June 5, 1839. ' A^HragjJ^I^'' Dea. John,6 deacon; m. Jan. 12, 1836, Cornelia WmtSfoKi - ofDea. Justus ; chil. Lydia Amsden, b. November 22, 1838 ; Salmon Phelps, b. Feb. 1, 1841 ; Cornelia Maria, b. Sept. 13, 1853. '*'^7»!liWi»nSiiMiBiBf*iijfi "''' ■'-'^*' John,* selectman ; town treasurer ; rep. ; m. JaYi. 12, 1848, Experience P. Wells, dau. of Capt. Luke ; she d. Sept. 283 29, 1861; chil. Mary Elizabeth, b. Aug. 11, 1850, m. Oct. 12, 1871, Franklin D. Belden ; .^rftur, b. Oet. 13, 1851, d. Aug. 3, 1863; Sarah Mmira, b. Sept. 19, 1853, d. Nov. 4, 1861 ; Fanny^Euntington, b. Oct. 28, 1856; HdenPMps, b. Aug. 31, 1868; Rufus Wells,, b. Aug. 29, 1860; d. Aug. 1863. '¥i^iraTiTii,iiJilTiMliiif; ff i." Luke B.,? lives on the old homestead; m. Oct. 18, 1866, Helen S.nSlcRae, dau. of' Joseph W., of Eoxbury; chil. Henry ^Kirke, b. Sept. 15, 1867; Lewis AMis, b. May 11, 1869; Helen Gertrude, \b. Jan. 7, 1871. ' ^Hiy ,B„, ^ MABY,,KT.^,^p^T^,8^,T.iike B.,7 m. May 21, 1856, Oliver D. ■/Root, M. D., of Conway; served as surgeon jn the navy, on the U. S. barque Arthur, also on the Eearsarge, and the Estrella; was in the attack on Galveston, and at New Orleans under Farragpt; d. at New Orleans, I La., Oct. 30, 1863 ; chil. Elizahdh Brodhead, b. Deo. 28, 1859 ; TheophUus E., b. Oct. 12, 1861. ^ White, John N.,8 Luke B.,'' m. Dec. 31, 1857, Mary L. Brown, dan. f of Chester; chil. Champion Brown, b. Oct. 22, 1860, d. April 6, 1865; John Henry, b. July 10, 1862, d. April 28, 1865; Mary Wells, b. Jan. 12, il864 ; Patty Louise, b. July 7, 1868. ! White, Samuei, B.,8 Luke B.,'' m. Mari Bdith Lesure, dau. of Samuel ; chil. Luke Brown, b. Oct. 3, 1864; Herbert Lesure, b. June, 1866; Charles Wells, b. May 12, 1868. '. White, Lttthbr, 1781, son of Lieut. David and Roxcelany (Warner) White; (shem. (2) Joseph Crafts, of Whately ;) bap. Sept. 10, 1775; rem. to the South. He m. July 4, 1800, Anna Robbins, of Whately ; child, \imanda,h.'NoY. 20, 1800. White, Cotton, bro. of Luther; m. (1) Demis Dickinson ; (2) Elizabeth Bancroft; rem. to Hadley. i White, William, prob. son of William ; m. May 17, 1798# Sarah Morton, dau. of Oliver ; rem. to Brookiield, Vt. ; chil. Amanda, m. Enoch ' sAdkins ; Sarah, m. Alpheus Freeman ; Adency, m. Elijah Edson ; Morris, m. Goss. Wilcox, Lutbcek S., son of Luther; b. Oct. 16, 1826; carpenter; m. Nov. 22, 1855, Ellen M. Smith, dau. of J. L. ; s. p. Wilcox, David, m. Diana, dau. of Sylvester Davis, and wid. of Luther Wilcox ; she d. Oct. 28, 1847, aged 46 ; chil. Maria, m. James Smith ; Achsah, m. Otis Hill, of Felham. Williams, Charles, son of Robert ; b. Aug. 16, 1834 ; m. Feb. 14, 1855, Elizabeth A. Nelson, dau. of Columbus, b. Jan. 2, 1834; chil. Bobert and Edward, twins, b. Feb. 9, 1857, d. young; Helen Isabella, b. Aug. 7, 1863. Wills, Samuel, son of Benjamin and Elizabeth ; b. in England, April 9, 1833; lives on the Lieut. Noah Bardwell place; m. Jan. 11, 1866, Martha Munson, wid. of Cotton. WiNCHELL, Reubek, a merchant; postmaster; lived first in West Whately, and occupied the store now owned by Rodolphus Jenhey ; after- wards built the brick house in the centre of the town, where he had a store and post-office ; wife, Chloe; chil. Clymena, b. April 5, 1810, d. March 21, 1813; Chloe Clymena, b. Aug. 1, 1813. * 284 Wing, Samuel, son of Isaac; b. Jan. 8, 1814; briuk-mason ; lives in the Straits ; m. Sept. 24, 1839, Catharine De Wolf, dau. of John, of Windsor, Ct; chil. Bmben C, b. Jan. 30, 1844, m. Ellen M. Scott, of Belchertown ; Lerqy'D., b. Aug. 18, 1849;' Sam/mb A., b. Sept. 29, 1863. Wood, John, son of Samuel; b. July 1, 1781; built in the Straits; d. Dec. 28, 1868. He m. Sept. 9, 1807, Fanny Hibbard, dan.: of George and Lydia (Allen) Hibbard; she d. May 14, 1846; chil. Eliphas H., b. March 10, 1810 ; Maria, b. March 16, 1812, m. Samuel R. Lamb ; Samttel, b.. April 21, 1813, m. Lucy ]|Wgg^ ; lived in Northampiton ; Fanny, b. Feb. 18, 1826, m. Eli S. Rii^dock, .of South Deerfield; Sarah, b. April 21, 1828, ra. William J. Woods ; George A., b. Feb. 1, 1831. Wood, Eliphas H.,^ lij^sed in the centre of the town, and rem. to the Depot village ; broom manufacturer and merchant ; selectman ; m. July 17, 1828, Sarah Bartlett, dau. of Zebina; chil. Fanny S., b. June 7, 1829, m. Samuel C. Wood ; John F., b. Aug. 1, 1830, d. Aug. 31, 1849 ; Lmisa B., b. March 22, 1832, d. Aug. 26, 1833; Tryphena D., b. Dec. 2, 1833, m. Henry S. Higgins ; Barah E., b. Inarch 25, 1836, m. George Morton ; Samuel A., b. Dec. 14, 1840; Eiidine\M., b. Sept. 8, 1844, m. James Dickinson; J^M^eme^., b. April 3, 1843, d. Feb. 13, 1844; George E., b. Jan. 21, 1849. Wood, George A. ,2 rem. to Sunderland; m. Nov. 27, 1861, Mary Ann Scott, dau. of Horace ; chil. Henry Pibhard, b. July 19, 1864 ; Martha A., b. July 7, 1856 ; John, b. July 6, 1859 ; Allen. Wood, Samdel A. ,3 Eliphas H.,^ m. Jan. 15, 1868, Wealthy Marion Gilbert, dau. of Stephen W. ; child, James Arthur, b. Jan. 8, 1870. Wood, Samuel Cutler, son of Ira and Lydia (Taylor) Wood ; m. (1) March 1, 1864, Fanny H, Wood, dau. of E- H. ; she d. May 6, 1866 ; (2) Jan. 2, 1867, Harriet M. Park, dau. of Levi, of Bernardston ; chil. Eugene E., b. Nov. 3, 1864 ; Herder Gutter, b. Jap. 26, 1868 ; Fanny Estelle. Woods, John,' Sudbury, 1639 ; wife, !^ary. Woods, Jambs,^ Marl- borough ; wife, Hopestill Ward. Woods, James,^ deacon ; wife, Dorothy Barnes. Woods, JoTsrATHAN,^ wife, Lydia. Woods, Jonathan,^ of New Braintree ; wife, Lydia Barr ; had eight sons and five daughters. Woods, MAKTrsr,^ Jonathan,^ b. Jan. 2, 1787, settled in Whately; marble-worker; d. July, 1859. He m. April 27, 1808, Electa Bacon, dau. of Philo, d. Aug. 12, 1852; chil. Luanda, b. Jan. 28, 1809, m. Ashley Holland; Lydia B., b. March 26, 1811, m. James Reed; Hopkins, b. July 16, 1813; Millicent, b. Feb. 17, 1818, m. Robert Frary; Electa, b. July 1, 1823, d. March 9, 1839. Woods, JoNATHAif,^ Jonathan,^ b. Sept. 12, 1788 ; settled in Whately ; drowned. May 10, 1824. He m.» Aug. 20, 1809, Aletha Gilbert, dau. of Josiah, d. 1867 ; chil. Mary 8., b. Dec. 30, 1811, m. Selah W. Fox ; Emily A., b. Jan. 11, 1815, d. unm. Aug. 12; 1854; William J., b. April 16, 1817 ; Azubah G., b. Jan. 27, 1819, m. Theodore Sprague ; Josiah G., b. Dec. 28, 1820. Woods, Hopkins,'' Martin,^ marble-worker; rem to Greenfield. He 285 m. July 31, 1842, Sarah E. Alexander, dau. of Elijah, of Northfield; ehil. Isabel Alexander, b. March 31, 1843; Oeorge Hopkins, b. July 31, 1846. Woods, William J.,'' Joiiiathan,^ d. June 21, 1858. He m. Jan. 1, 1850, Sarah Wood, dau. of John, d. May 7, 1852 ; 8. p. Woods, Josiah G.,'' Joaathan,6 m. Sept. 27, 1853, Fidelia M. Hale, of Bernardston; child, Harriet E., b. April 7, 1862. Woodward, Wesley, son of Eliphas and Joanna (Veber) Woodward ; b. Aug. 6, 1S34 ; rem. to Shelburne Falls ; m. March 29, 1864, Annette Aurelia Crafts, dau. of James M., d. Oct. 7, 1871 ; chil. Uffie Estdle, b. March 12, 1865 ; Paul Ernest, b. Aug. 6, 1870, d. May 8, 1871; Wayne FesZey, b. -July 29, 1871. Wright, Abigail, w:id. of ; 1790 ; from Leverett ; chil. Dorcas, m. 1792, Henry D. Williams ; Selh, ra. Feb. 8, 1808, Kuth Fuller, and had Charles, b. June 24, 1809 ; perhaps others. Wrisley, Lyman, son of Obadiah, of Gill; hotel-keeper; d. April 23, 1857, aged 53. He m. Sept. 8, 1826, Fidelia Wait, dau. of Lemuel; chil. Frederick, -b. Aug. 20, 1828, m. Mary Fay, lives in Boston ; M-anees,h. March 3, 1832, m. Charles Potter ; Franklin, b. June 4, 1834, m. June 8, 1858, Helen W. Hartshorn, of Charlestown, lives in Boston; John L., b. June 21, 1845. APPENDIX PETITION TO GOV. HUTCHINSON. The following Petition has been discovered since the body nf tlie |iobk was printed. It is- in the hand-writing of Rev. Mr. Wells ; is pharacteristic of his style ;.and has sufficient historical value to warrant ^ts insertion in these pages. '■'■To His Excellerwy, Thomas Hutchinson, Esq., Captain- General and Goverruyr-inr Chief, in and over His Majesty's Province of Massa- chusetts Hay ; and to the Honorable, His Majesty s Council for the said Province ; and the Honorable House of Representatives, in General Court assembled, at Cambridge', the 8th day of April, A. D., 1772:— " The inhabitants of Whately, in the County of Hampshire, by their committee, for this purpose appointed, beg leave to shew to Your Excellency, and Honors, — " That the said inhabitants, upon a true and faithful representation of y' circumstances to the Honorable General Assembly for the last year, tho' but a small people, were so favored as to be incorporated into a town ; that the main, and indeed almost only considerable rea- son they- then urged to the General Court for y' incorporation, was the unavoidable consequence, to them and their families, of their great distance, viz., five, six, seven, and even eight miles, and more, as to some few, from the place of public worship in Hatfield, which for many of them, was not further, and to most was much more con- venient than any other place they could go to : — that however true it may be, many times, that indulgences, and even grants, founded in mere justice, encourage to too great liberties in the petitioning way, — we hope fully to satisfy Your Excellency, and Honors, that a further grant to this people of a Tax of one penny a year per acre, on all the lands within the township of Whately, for three years successively, can- ,not be considered as an indulgence of mere favor, but will be founded 287 in truth and justice ; — and therefore pray that for these reasons follow- ing, such a Tax may be ordered : to wit, — -first, The only reasonable end of making new towns, and districts out of old towns, is, as to the people themselves, that in consequence of such ' new incorporations, they may enjoy the same privileges they before had, with more ease and advantage, especially that of the public ministry : second. As to the Government, the great and most weighty end that can be proposed for incorporations of this sort, must be the making all the people good subjects by means of an Orthodox Ministry which every one may enjoy, and which any town and distrjct is by law obliged to have. " The petitioners further show that in pursuance' of these great and weighty ends of their incorporation, (as well as others,) 4.he said town of Whately has settled a minister of the Gospel, qualified according to law ; that by reason of their paucity and low circumstances, they shall not,. without the requested aid, be able to support their minister and build a meeting-house, which they much want. " They also beg leave further to show, in addition to the reasons above mentioned, that the lands of all the non-resident proprietors are rendered of more value by means of the said town's settling a minister among them, than otherwise they would have been ; and to observe this further also, that the value of these lands will probably be increased even by the very Tax itself, ■ more than the sum proposed will amount to, as it will always be a reason for supporting those demands for these lands, which, without this aid, the owners would scarce dare to rise to. " The petitioners therefore humbly pray Your Excellency, and Honors, to take the premises into your wise and deliberate considera- tion, and grant, and order, a Tax of one penny, lawful money, a year, for three years snceessively, on every acre of land in the said town- ship of Whately, for the purposes herein before mentioned, — the land of the Rev. Mr, Rufus Wells excepted. " And as in duty bound shall ever pray, *NOAH WELLS. 'DANIEL M0RTON. f' SALMON WHITE. ?' PHILIP SMITH." " In the House of Representatives, April 10, 1772 : Ordered, That the petitioners notify the non-resident proprietors, etc." June 9, 1772. An order was passed requiring the petitioners to notify the non-resident proprietors, etc. ; which implies that the first 'required notice was not properly served. 288 The Council non-concurred; but subsequently — July 13, 1772 — re-considered their action, and concurred. In Council, January 21, 1773, the petition was read again, and ^'■Ordered, That Benjariiin Greenleaf, Esq., and Captain Brown, of Watertown, with such as the House shall join, be a committee to take this Petition, with the several answers accompanying the same, into consideration, and report what they think this Court should do thereon." No further action on the petition has been found. THE ACT OF INCORPORATION, HOW OBTAINED. On page 82, it is stated that no petition for an Act of Incorporation could be found among the Records and files of the General Court. Further search has failed to find it : but such a petition was actually sent in, as appears from the following extract from the journal of the House of Representatives : — " April 5, 1771. A petition of the inhabitants of the north part of Hatfield, praying to be set ofi" as a separate town, for reasons men- tioned, accompanied with a vote of the town of Hatfield, shewing their consent that the prayer be granted — " Read, and Ordered, That the petitioners have leave to bring in a bill for the purpose of their petition." It is matter of regret that this petition has not been preserved, as it would be interesting to know the " reasons mentioned " for desiring a separation. But these "reasons" are evidently re-capitu- lated in the petition for " a tax of one penny an acre on lands," inserted on the preceding pages. BOATING ON CONNEgTICUT RIVER. The brief notice of this industry on page 182, was made up of such items as could be gathered from the memories of the older peo- ple living near the river ; and is inaccurate in one or two particulars. The little stern-wheel steam-boat, " John Ledyard," first made a trip up through, — to Mclndoes Falls, — and did towing on the upper sec- tions of the river ; but was not long on the route between South Hadley Falls and Greenfield ; nor was she blown up, as will appear in the sequel. Capt. T. M. Dewey, who was in company with David Stockbridge after 1833, and commanded the steamer, " Ariel Cooley," in 1834, '35, 289 and '36, has kindly famished an account of the boating business at that period, with some reminiscences of Mr. Stockbridge, which are worth preserving in these annals. " The Connecticut River Valley Steamboat Company was in full operation in 1833, when I first became acquainted with the freighting business on the river. They owned a line of boats called ' luggers,' running from Hartford to the head of navigation at "Wells river, Vt. These luggers had no mast and were propelled only by poling or tow- ing. The company also owned several stern-wheel steamboats. As the steamers were too large to pass through the locks and canals, the first steamer would take the loaded freighters, sometimes four and even six at a time, as far as Willimansett. They were then ' drawn over Willimansett,' (I use the river parlance,) by a team of six oxen and two horses with a chain one hundred feet long ; then operated through the South Hadley locks and canalj and taken by the next steamer above to Montague canal ; then by the next from Miller's river to the ' foot of swift water,' at Hinsdale, N. H., where, if the wind was not unusually good, it was necessary to take in a number of ' swift-water men ' for twelve miles. These ' swift-water men ' were engaged for the service beforejjand, and were notified by a horseman of the approach of boats, and always turned out at a minute's warn- ing, day or night. ' Then the boats were taken to Bellows Falls, and the same process over and over, through Queechee and White river locks, up to Wells river, " Other boating companies were on the river at the same time ; and all carried large amounts of goods of almost every description used in the country stores, from Hartford to all the principal towns in the valley, — freighting down with wood, brooms, hops, staves, shingles, wooden-ware, and sometimes fine lumber. As the other companies depended on the wind, they used convenient and serviceable boats, well rigged, with main and topsails, running-boards and cabin, with rudder and helm instead of the steering-oar. " Commencing at the lower section, there was the ' John Cooley company,' — ^Edmund Palmer, Roderick Ashlev, Sylvester Day, J. B. M., and ' Kit' Stebbins ' ; and the ' Parker^)ouglass company,' — Stoddard Parker, George Douglass and brother, Albert Gowdy and Horace Harmon. These two companies had . their headquarters at Springfield, and did the freighting for the merchants of Hampden county, each owning and running a steamer for towing their own boats, and the boats of other companies. Next above, was ' Bard- well, Ely & Co.,' — Josiah Bardwell, Hiram Smith, Pelatiah and Joseph Ely, Broughton Alvord, Whiting • Street and David Strong; they carried for South Hadley, Northampton and adjoining towns. 290 Next, was Capt. John Nash, who owned and run one boat for the business of Hadley and Amherst. On the Greenfield reach was ' Stockbridge, Culver & Co.,' — David Stockbridge, David Culver, J. D. Crawford and T. M. Dewey. This company struck hands with the 'Greenfield Boating Co,' in 1837, and took the name of ' Stockr bridge, Allen, Root &:Co,' — Messrs. Allen and Root taking the place of General Culver. They owned the steamer ' Ariel Cooley ' which took their boats from the head of the South Hadley canal, and wind- ing around' the smiling Hockanum and Old Hadley bends, and through the sinuosities of School Meadow flats, where an eel would be puz- zled to find his way, landed them at the foot of Montague. canal. "Above Turner's Falls, after the collapse of the ' Connecticut River Valley Steamboat Company,' all steamboating was given up, — the freight-boats,, smaller than those on the lower sections of the river, relying on the south wind and the ' white-ash^breeze.' " Very few persons of the present day know anything of the method of propelling a boat of from thirty to sixty tons up the river by means of the white-ash-breeze aforesaid, and'itmay be worth an explanation. In our river vernacular the term given to this kind of propulsion is, ' poling a boat.' The poles used are made of the best white ash tim- ber, and are from twelve to twenty feet in length, to suit the diflTerent depths of the water, and are two inchfes or more in diameter, with a socket-spike in the lower end, and a head on the upper end for the shoulder. The bows-man selects the pole he needs, — that is, if he is an inside bows-man, a short pole, if an outside, a longer one,-^sets it firmly over the side, near the bow of the boat, and fitting the head of the pole to his shoulder, straightens himself out along the wale of the boat. With his feet on the bow-piece, and walks along down on the timbers to the mast-board, thus shoving the boat ahead. If there are two men on each side, number two takes a " set " in the same way, number one lifting his pole over number two. as he walks back to the bow to take another " siet." Sometimes, in hard water or over bars, there are five or six men on a side. Probably this is the hardest work ever undertaken by men. When it has happened that they have been'obligdS^to pole a boat from Hartford to Wells River, without aid from wind or steam, for several days before they got toughened, their bloody shoulders bore testimony to the severity of their labor. For sailing craft, the trip from Hartford to Wells River was ordi- narily considered a good week's work. A day's work with poles, would be from Hartford to Windsor Locks, — with a good south wind, from Hartford to Montague canal. In the latter years of boating, but 291 little poling was done between the last named places, as steam or wind was commonly available. - , '.' On our line, from South Madley Falls to the foot of Montague canal, forty miles, the steamer having four boats in tow, the run was generally made in twelve hours ; and could be made by night as well as by day, unless it, was very cloudy. s " The business opened as soon as thespring freshet subsided : though it was often necessary to •• lie by ' in extra high water. I lay at the foot of Old Hadley street, with the ' Ariel Cooley ' seven days, I think in the spring of 1835, and started as soon as the boat would go under Northampton bridge. The boats were kept running in the fall as long as we could operate through the locks and canal, and get under the bridges. "The steamers were designed solely for towing. Our steamer always gave the preference to our own company's boats ; yet, when not fully loaded, would tow any other boats that offered. We loaded at Greenfield, and the other landings, for Hartford : i. e., the down trip was expected to do strictly a ' through business ; ' up freights were landed wherever it would best accomodate the merchants. Whately goods were all landed at Stockbridge's wharf. Freight for South Deerfield, Conway, Ashfleld and Hawley, was left at Sunder- land bridge, west side ; whil* goods for Sunderland, Leverett, and adjoining towns, were left on the east side. " Sometimes ' a round trip ' was made in a night and a day : i. e., in twenty-four hours. Sometimes we were two or even three days in going and returning, — depending on pitch of water, number of boats in tow, etc. ; perhaps the average would be three trips per week. A steamer's earnings for the season amounted to about three thousand dollars. " The ' Ariel Cooley ' — named after the engineer who planned the South Hadley canal — was a stern-wheeler, ninety feet long, and eighteen feet wide, with two high-pressure engines of twenty horse power each. She was overhauled in 1839 ; her name changed to " Greenfield ;" and in the spring of 1840, just above, Smith's Ferry, she burst her boiler, killing Capt. Crawford, Mr. Lancy, of Spring- ' field, the maker of her machinery, and Mr. Wood the engineer, *' A new steamer was built, also named the " Greenfield," which was commanded by Capt.* John Baker, and by Capt. Martin, and was run till the opening of the Connecticut River Eailroad in 1846. " When I commenced in 1833, Belden's ferry and landing had gone into disuse, and we made our landings at Stockbridge's "wharf. I have manytpleasant remembrances ■ of Mr. Stockbridge. His table was always well loaded with the best of fare ; and this, together with his 292 open, pleasant countenance, and relish for a good joke, especially a boatman's joke, was a strong inducement to all*hi3 men to reach " Stockbridge's Wharf" in time foi*meals, and, peradventure, . to spend the night. He was very accommodating to all his customers, and would often make large sacrifices in order to take along their freight " hy the next boat." For this purpose the old white horse and gig would spin up and down the valley at a marvellous rate of speed, at all times of night or day. I have run die steamer many a night, when it was too dark to be strictly, safe, in order that a certain good customer's brooms might go forward to Hartford the next day." WHATELY SOLDIERS. NAMES TO BE ADDED TO LISTS ALREADY GIVEN. Elijah Sandeeson was Ensign in the drafted Militia in 1814. Hakkison G. Scott, enlisted in Co. D, 52d Reg. Inf. M. V. M., for nine months' service. Mustered Oct. 11, 1862 ; d. July 10, 1863, at Port Hudson, La. Lathrop Smith, enlisted at Northampton, in Co. C, 10th Reg. Inf. M. v., for three years. Mustered June 21, I86I5 d. Sept. 10, 1861, at Brightwood, D. C. .• VO'i'ES FOE GOVERNOE FEOM 1781 TO 1871. 1781 John Hancock, , . . 16 1794 William Cashing, . . 31 Joseph Hawley, . 1 Samuel Adams, . . . 4 1782 John Hancock, . . . 6 1795 Samuel Adams, . . . 16 William Heath, . . . 8 1796 Increase Sumner, . . 27 James Bowdoin, . 3 1797 James Sullivan, . . 10 1783 James Bowdoin, . . 17 Increase Sumner, . . 16 1784 Nathaniel Gorham . . 14 1798 Increase Sumner, . . 68 1785 Thomas Cashing . . 7 1799 Increase Sumner, . 87 1786 James Bowdoin, . 8 1800 Caleb Strong, . . 76 1787 John Hancock, . . 9 Moses Gill, . . . . 1 Gen. James Warren, 1 1801' Caleb Strong, . . 70 1788 John Hancock, . . 17 1802 Caleb Strong, . . 94 Elbridge Gerry, 5 1803 Qileb Strong, . . 77 1789 John Hancock, . . 34 1804 Caleb Strong, . . 72 James Bowdoin, . . 1 James Sullivan, .. 22 1790 John Hancock, . . . 34 1805 Caleb Strong, . . . 78 1791 John Hancock, . . 20 James Sullivan, . 47 1792 John Hancock, . . . 12 1806 « 1793 John Hancock, . . . 16 1807 Caleb Strong, . . 72 293 . James Sullivan, . 63 Levi Lincoln, . . . . 13 1808 Christopher Gore, . . 71 1830 Marcus Morton, . . 71 James Sullivan, . 60 Levi Lincoln, . . . 14 1809 Christopher Gore, . . 82 Thomas Longley, . . 6 Levi Lincoln, . . . 69 Isaac C. Bates, . . . 6 1810 Christopher Gore, . . 97 1831 ' Heman Lincoln, . . 78 Elbridge Gerry, . 86 May. Henry Shaw, . . 24 1811 Christopher Gore, . . 82 . Thomas Longley, . .* 4 Elbridge Gerry . . . 79 Marcus Morton, . . 3 1812 Caleb Strong, . . . 103 Levi Lincoln, . . . 3 Elbridge Gerry, . 92 ' 1831 Levi Lincoln, ' . . . 62 1813 Caleb Strang, . . . 105 Nov. Marcus Morton, . . 15 •J. B. Varnum, . .. . 88 Samuel Lathrop, . 23 1814 Caleb Strong, . . . 108 1832 Levi Lincoln, . 91 Samuel Dexter, . . . 82 Marcus Morton, . 13 1815 Caleb Strong, . . . 100 1833 John Davis, . . . 62 Samuel Dexter, . . . 73 John Q. Adams, . 42 1816 John Brooks, . . . 95 Samuel C. Allen, . 21 Samuel Dexter, . 70 Marcus Morton, . 13 1817 John Brooks, . . . 94 1884 John Davis, . . . 93 Henry Dearborn, . . 43 Samuel C. Allen, . 19 1818 John Brooks, . . . 86 Marcus Morton, . 10 Benjamin Crowninshield, 42 John Bailey, . 12 1819 John Brooks, . . . ,86 1835 Edward Everett, . 76 Benjamin Crowninshield, 54 Marcus Morton, . 63 1820 John Brooks, . . . 92 Samuel T. Armstro Qg, 13 William Eustis, . . . 32 1836 Edward Everett, . 86 1821 John B'rooks, . , . 64 Marcus Morton, . 74 William Eustis, . S3 1837 Edward JEverett; . . 95 1822 John Brooks, . . . 73 Marcus Morton, . 70 William Eustis, . . . 35 1838 Edward Everett, . . 112 1823 Harrison G. Otis, . . 78 Marcus Morton, . 81 William Eustis, . 53 1839 Edward Everett, . . 114 1824 William Eustis, . . . 82 Marcus Morton, . 108 Samuel Lathrop, • . . 97 1840 John Davis, . , . . 135 1825 Levi Lincoln, . . . 8Q Marcus Morton, . 102 Harrison G. Otis, . . 22 1841 John Davis, . . . . 128 1826 Samuel Hubbard, . . 94 Marcus Morton, . 110 Levi Lincoln, . . . 43 1842 John Davis, . . . . 119 1827 Levi Lincoln, . . . 63 Marcus Morton, .102 Harrison G. Otis, . . 11 *SamuelE. Sewalt . . 25 1828 Levi Lincoln, . . : 32 1843 George N. Briggs, . . 116 Marcus Morton, . 29 Marcus Morton, . 104 Lewis Strong, . . . 27 Samuel E. Sewall, . . 17 1829 Marcus Morton, . 54 1844 George N. Briggs, . 132 Lewis Strong, . . . 6 George Bancroft, . . 91 Harrison G. Otis, . . 7 Samuel E. Sewall, . . 20 294 1845 1846 1847 1848 1849 1850 1851 1852 1863 1864 1865 1856 George N. Briggs, . 128 George Wm. Gordon, 57 Isaac Davis, . . . . 97 1857 Nathaniel P. Banks, . 86 Samuel E. Sewall, . . 26 Erasmus D. Reach, 62 George N. Briggs, . 123 Henry J. Gardner, 48 Isaac Davis, . . . . 84 1858. Erasmus D. Beach, 92 Samuel E. Sewall. . . 25 Nathaniel P. Banks, . 77 George N. Briggs, . 138 Amos A. Lawrence, . 16 Caleb Cushiiig, . . . 82 1859 Benjamin F. Butler, . 92 Samuel E. Sewall, . . 20 NathanielP. Banks, . 71 George N. Briggs, . 135 • George N. Briggs, 10 Caleb' Gushing, . . . 77 ' 1860 John A. Andrew, . . 115 Samuel C. Phillips, . 32 Erasmus D. Beach, 26 George N. Briggs, . 125 Amos A. Lawrence, . 24 George S. Boutwell, . 76 Benjamin F. Butler, . 17 Samuel C. Phillips, . 17 1861 John A. Andrew, . . 80 George N. Briggs, . 137 Isaac Davis 64 George S. Boutwell, . 89 1862 John A. Andrew, . . 65 Samuel C. Phillips, . 21 Charles Devens, . . 119 Robert G. Winthrop, , 152 1863. John A. Andrew, . 63 George S. Boutwell,. .. 93 Henry W. Paine, . . 73 John G. Palfrey, . . 19 1864 John A. Andrew, • 135 John H. CliflEbrd, . . 144 Henry W. Paine, . . 83 Henry W. Bishop, . 102 1865 Alexander H. Bullock, 83 Horace Marin, . . . 13 D. N. Conch, . . . 54 Emory Washburn, . . 140 1866 Alexander H. Bullock, 94 Henry W. Bishop, . 117 T. H. Sweetzer, . . 36 Ama?a Walker, . . . 20 1867 Alexander H. Bullock, 81 Henry J. Gardner, . 109 John Q, Adams, . . 91 Emory Washburn, , , 69 1868 William Claflin, . . 127 Henry W. Bishop, . . 34 John Q. Adams, . . 61 Henry Wilson, . . . 1 1869 William Claflin, . . 59 Henry J.- Gardner, . 80 John Q. Adams, . . 49 Julius Rockwell, . . 61 1870 William Claflin, , . 75 Erasmus D. Beach,' . 64 John Q. Adams, . . 50 Samuel .H.Walley, . 2 1871 William B. Washburn, 85 Henry J. Gardner, . 108 John Q. Adams, . . 63 Erasmus D. Beach, . 70 gales, Of howling wolves and savage bears they caught. Of marches and campaigns, of battles fought, — The field they gained and glorious victories won, 'Mid fearful ravages, that war had done. Well might ye wish those days a glad return ; For such health-giving fare ye well might yearn, — Such hasty-pudding as ne'er feasts a king. Such milk and butter poets never sing ; Bean porridge hot, and then bean porridge cold. Fresh Venison from the woods, lamb from the fold. Fat beef and pork from powdering tub, so sweet ; — No butcher's cart came with its rounds of meat ;^ Potatoes,. cabbage, turnips from the bin, — Such savory pot-luck will not be again. The children's morning song was milk and bread. And night by night with the same dish were fed. Men were made strong for toil ; they plowed the field, And ax, or shovel, hoe, or rake could wield With might. They'd swing the scythe without fatigue. Or walk on foot for many a weary league. Or thresh, break flax, scutch, swingle all the day. And then be brisk a game of ball to play. Such masters of the sickle were they, that the grain How would they laugh at ourimpfc^TemeatS' now, To see a farmer ride a harrow or a plow ! 302 Almost frould wave as they drew near the plain. i A mower, or a reaper, or a raker ride ! They'd say 'twas shiftless, and lazy beside. *.. No slender fabric clad their sinewy frames, But wool shorn from the flock j flax from the plains ; The spinning-wheel made music for the piano, ! Their noisy loom was bass and sweet soprano. To spin street yarn our mothers did not know, But drew it well of wool, or flax, or tow ; No ceremony marked the calls they made. For quiltings, or wool pickings, or auch aid ; Cards de visite were by them to be sure. But they were wool-cards in the days of yore^ In every house was seen, the matron's pridOj An antique case of drawers, capacious, wide, WeU packed with linen sheets and whiter spreads, And coverlets to furnish many beds, TThe handiwork of her who koew to spin. Before the days of looms and cotton-gin/ No use for cloth, or napkin, table-spread. The board was bare — all linen for the bed. A good outfit, which her own hands had wrought. Each maid to be betrothed, as dower brought, And no one to be wedded then was skilled, TiU pillow-case of stockings she had filled/ ^ Their fathers' God did these stern men revere, lAt once began to rear his altars here ; fen solemn league- they joined them to*the Lord, IXo live according to his Holy Word. They sought a pastor ; one just past his youth They called to be their guide in ways of truth. They built a house of such proportions great. Through years they did for its oomjdetion wait. The centre of the town, the highest land, Was judged the fittest place for it to stand. Their roads like rules must run in straightest line. Nor. for a hill to right or left iadline,-^ IThe nearest way, the shortest, and the best, They thought, whether it ran to east or west. To God's own house their wont was to repair. 303 jWhen skies were cold and dark, or mornings fair. No carriages were then-r-not e'en a chaise Could lighten the fatigues of those rough ways j Horseback the father rode, the babe in anus, On pillion sat the mother in all her charms. Boys barefoot went, and girls with shoes in hand, TilLview of meeting-house they could command. The aged sire, with staff and trembling limb. Moved slow, rejoicing in God's care of him. Then sounded on the air no'' Sabbath bell, IBut steps were quickened by the blowing shell^ In that old house, what scenes of joy and grief! What burdens pressed the soul, what sweet relief ! How oft his saddest tears the mourner wept O'er precious ones that calm in death had slept ! 'Twas like the holy temple of the Jew, — Turn there the thoughts with fondness ever new. Was ever such exquisite skill displayed, As pulpit graced and sounding-board arrayed ? Such roomy pews, with high-backed seats around, One seat more, as in omnibus, was found. There mothers with great gravity and grace. With cake and caraway and radiant face, The^e fathers, patriarchal, grave and meek, The narrow path to heaven intent to seek. In gallery, singers, maidens fair, and men. Made walls with lofty song reson'nd again : And sturdy boys, in long seats, slips, high pew. Oft to their grief, the tithing-man well knew. f fifty years ago, I well remember, frosty days of cold and drear November nght in quite an alarming innovation. The thought of a poor, feeble generation. The souls of stalwart men in song had soared, 'Mid winter's frost, in worship to the Lord. Through the long prayer, singing, sermon, the whole, No fire was felt bat the warmth of the soul. They thought devotion languid was, and poor. That cold and storm and frost could not endure. Indeed, the sifting snow, the outside air Through crack and crevice wide seemed best to bear The spirit high, and make devotion rise Jo heavenlier climes, to purer, loftier skies. 304 \ /But tiine brings actors new upon the stage, ^ And some new things and strange the thoughts engage. The meetiug-house needs a stove ; it was decreed j But not in this new plan were all agreed. You've heard the tale ; a stove was duly seti The Sabbath came ; the congregation met ;# ome smiling and some joyous, others sad ; Some taciturn and grave, and others glad. The air was stifling j sweat stood on the brow ; Faces were fanned, the heat oppressive now. The morning service closed, when lo, behold ! No fire was kindled yet, the stove was colcK This tale is told, you know, but 'twas not here — It must have sprung from some wag's brain, that's clear. Sometimes behaved they well, sometimes their voice Did jargon make ; one by a wight's mishap. Fell from the gallery rail to a lad^'gJap- You should have heard her shriek so loud and shrill ; Why you can almost hear its echoes still^ And one within a matron's pitcher small. His head thrust, and for help did bravely caljf around the house for apple cores, ere teazed by boys whose eyes were out of doors. ere all the tricks, "the mischief, and the fun, bove the heads of praying people done, isclosed, and wrought into a truthful tale, Twere hard to say if good or ill prevail. Twould seem as if the essence of all fun. Mischief and drollery ever done, IDid effervesce, uncorked, unbottled there, ^nd waste, and rule the spirits of the ai/ 'And yet the Word of .God in that hard soil Grew well ; its roots struck deep, God blessed the toil. The Holy Spirit's influence like the rain. Descends upon dead souls ; new life again Is given : those young hearts by God's grace renewed, New paths in life and duty have pursued. In roughest state 'twas choice and priceless ore, hioh when refined by God's own mighty power, nd purged from all its dross in fire and flame, ifleots the brightest glory of his name, 'he service done, the amen scarcely said, 805 yG-reat boys and small down stairs they swiftly sped, 4Aiid homeward fled with undevoutest pace, ^O'erleaping feace and stone wall in the illce. ttn groups around the horse-block, just in front, /Were gathered maids and wives prepared to mount, A With babes and blankets, saddle-bag aud shawl, 1 Each tongue a-going, for Eve's daughters all ilHave this one frailty. Thus each Sabbath day, \ From church a cavalcade sped on its way. >0n all occasions thus on horse they rode, To shop and store liiey bore full many a load. Co mill a bag of grain, with boy astride. Was often sent, and towards the lighter side Was charged to lean ; but soon the caution missed. At squirrel's hole, or nest, he dropped his ^ist^ . K)n horse they wooed ; and who would win the race, iMust spur bis steed and start his laggard pace. iNo dame of pluck and nerve can e'er be caught, IWhose hand and heart are not most eager sough|r [.Oft the reverse of what they mean they act, They're coy when wishing they were caught, in fact. Almost on horse did wed ; the groom and bride On lively chargers riding side by side. Or he on saddle, she on pillion arrayed. The town its beauty and its chivalry displayed. So bravely mounted, dashing in high glee, i^Twas an exhilarating sight to see : — La bridal party of our day were tame ■ Without romance, and hardly worth the name. On horseback and on foot they came to training. Though strange it seems when nerve and strength are waninc. Each youngster longed for the glad day to come, And old hearts throbbed at sound of fife and drum. Men with gay plumes and uniforms would stand. And wheel and march and halt at the command ; They shoulder arms, charge -bayonets, present, And handle musket, ramrod, lock or flint ; Practice the mimicry of war all day. And then at game of ball or wrestling play ; The captain chosen, call upon to " treat," As a return for honors just and meet. 306 And hopeful children happy went to bed, Rejoicing in the lustre on them shed. A company on horse were wont in town, _0n training days to gallop up and down ; Swords gleamed in sunlight, and the bugles hlowed. Red coats lured young eyes and brass buttons glowed. There was brisk monnting and some speedier halts, As d'et stone wall, rail fence, the trooper vaults ; And though the country did no service need. Such rapid drilling was pastime indeed. A blazing flame of martial zeal it fanned In yonng hearts ; wakened oft a boyish band Of braves marching with drum and guns of wood. Pride of their aunts, through all the neighborhood.- ■But would you know, of all, the great occasion, You should atten d an ancient orijlinatinn . The people came in crowds from all around, . Long, moving oavalcad«s did- shake the ground. The learning, dignity, the wealth and power, From far and near gave lustre to the hour. With pride of royalty fashion was there. With high-topped boots and cue and powdered hair, With broad-brimmed, bell-crowned hat from London brought, Or even a reverend wig that smothered thought. In all their charms beauty and love shone forth, Improved by grace and joined with real worth. And gave the assembly radiance divine, As when among celestials angels shine. The candidate each question answered wSIl, Did his experience to the elders tell,- The preacher ?pent two .hours near, bj the glass. And to the laying on of hands did pass. The service done, to dine the council went. And then to wit and humor gave full vent ; Good eating then, and — something else — beside The feast enlivened, bounteously supplied. ^ The shepherd of this flock for fifty years, pid lead them well, the erring sought with tears ; Brought speedy help to weary ones ; was kind And gentle in reproof; his flock did bind With cords of love, and when his work was done, 307 His latter days were calm as evening's sun ; They closed in peace. His name in memory lives, And will so long as worth its need receives^ ' The burden from his hands his colleague bore, And well the heavy yoke his shoulders wore. Bates toiled, and earnest preached and fervent prayed ; The will and mind of people here he swayed, And gave the truth a hold upon the heart, That years of waste and change have failed to part. The good and witty Ferguson came next. Voluminous with words and ready text ; With useful work well filled the appointed day; And to the bliss above he passed away. Next Templa our historic walls uprearing, In strokes of skill and art his hand appearing. Without design ; on top-stone in its place. Are touches of his hand in lines of grace. Still Seymour on these mortal shores remains, New conquests to the Cross of Christ he gains. With zeal for God the hearts of men inspires; And in good words and ways he never tires. And last, not least, the earnest, toiling Lane, Deserves a worthy mention to obtain j His deeds will live when all his toils are past ; For many long years yet, be he the kst. Some portions of this flock by others led. By other pastors were they richly fed. There have been Todd and Barker, GoodnoUgh, Rice, The scholar Judd, exact and clear and nice, The gentle Lord, whose words and life agreed, Fairchild and Eldridge, religious in deed. And ^me true men were reared upon this soil, Who spent in other fields their day of toil. Chapin, and Sanderson, and Belden, then. And Chapman, Bardwell, Sanderson again. Unto the pulpit their best strength was given. Their crown and joy, not on earth, but in heaven. ^ Stockbridge, Morton, Chapmaii, lawyers were. And Clark ; each a more fruitful field prefer. To medicine two Beldens gave their days. And many sons have gone in other ways. 308 And other men of mark in Whately dwelt ; On virtue's side their strength was ever felt ; There's Dickinson and Chapin, Harwood then. Physicians skilled, Bardwell, Harwood again ; We own them benefactors to the town, To other years their names be handed down. To expose to view our fathers' nakedness, Were like the accursed Ham in wickednegs. The duteous sons may our best patterns be, Eefusing Noah's nakedness to see ; We turn our eyes away, the face aside, Their faults, their failings, errors wef would hide. As the old century hastens to its close, Its faultSi its foibles, leave in their repose. Now a new century must be ushered in ; A new career our town is to begin. But who a hundred years from now shall be ? The All-wise alone that fai>off day can see. We trust that our descendants will be wise, Then on a world redeemed may lift their eyesj They may act well their part to usher in The promised hoiv of earth's release from sin. The clouds now glow before the light ascending ; Comes soon, of peace and joy, the day unending. ye, who soon shaH in our places stand, Toil on for freedom, light and truth, with heart and hand. 'J I At this point the names of the oldest surviving natives of the I town were announced, most of whomi were present: Mrs. Asa I Dickinson, set. 88; Mrs. Jonathan Wait, 87; Mrs. Catharine Wait, 85 ; Mrs. Esther Dickinson, 81 ; (resident in Deerfield) ; Mr. Eurotas Dickinson, 84 ; and his wife Sally (Allis) Dickin- son, 83 ; (now resident in Bernardstos). And the first regular sentiment was read :— JfTThe Memory of our Fathers and Mothers. This was responded to by "deaconing out," and singing in the style of olden times, to the tune of " Mear,"- the following Hymn. 309 /Let children hear the mighty deeds, , Which God perform'd o£*old ; Which in our younger years we saw, And which our fathers told. He bids us make his glories known. His Works of power and grace ; And we'll convey his wonders down Through ev'ry rising 'race. Our lips shall tell them to our sons, And they again to theirs ; That generations, yet unborn. May teach them to their heirs. Thus shall they learn, in God alone Their hope securely stands ; That they may ne'er forget tis works, . But practice his commands./^ 'j^ Our Good Mother Hatfield — (represented to-day by a son of hers yet a grandson of ours) — God bless her in the future as in the past. As a child arriving at majority we honor her ; yet we mean never to cut loose from her apron strings while she has sons to lend us, or we daughters to give her. * Eesponded to by Dea. E. H. Belden in a short speech full of humor and sharp points : and by Thaddeus Graves, in some appreciative remarks. j6. Hadley — ^The Grand-parent of Whately. ' The sentiment was gracefully acknowledged by Hon. Joseph Smith. A, Our Twin Sister, WiUiamshurg — Bone of our bone, and flesh of our flesh, she left the parental fold at the same time with ourselves ; and though the hundred years since then, find her with a larger popula- tion and greater wealth than we possess ; yet it is without envy that we recognize her success, and with only a twin sister's pride that we offer our congratulations, and bid her citizens welcome here to-day. This was responded to in a most fraternal spirit by Hon. S. M. Crosby. J'o. The Fifth Oongressional District — May she be so fortunate as .to secure as able a Representative as she now has, when the voice of the iCoiaidoQwealth shall say unto hiin, " Friend, go up higher." Eesponded to by Hon. Wm. B. Washburn. 310 JB. Connecticut-7-The Mother of Hadley, the Grand-mother of Ha(> Meld, the Great-grand-mol^ier of Wbately. Her children and grand- Iphildren welcome her representative. / Eesponded to by Mr. S. Hathaway, of Enfield, Ct., who I spoke as follows : Mr. President, Ladies an^ Gentlemen : — I stand before you as the humble representative of the farm- ing community of the staid old State of ^Connecticut. But I am sorry, for her credit, that she has not present some abler and more worthy representative to thank you for her kindly remem- brance here. Or rather that some of her sons, by direct descent from those early settlers, who trod their trackless pathway through the wilderness, and, with woodman's axe, felled the silent monarchs of the wood, letting in the sun-light to kiss the glad earth; iactuated by the same feelings that propelled our pilgrim fathers over the dark sea, — that they might worship God accord- ing to the dictates of their own consciences ; I am sorry, I say, that some of those present here to-day, have not been called upon to respond for her. But in the great crop of Humanity we cannot all be "wrappers I " There must be some " seconds " arid some " fillers ! " — and your President having already stretched out his "wrappers" now calls fo'r the "fillers," that he may roll up a grand " feu de joie " to end in fire and smoke at last. Though I feel I have done nothing for the permanent prosper- ity of the Valley, (as I neither chew nor smoke nor take snufi',) yet I have had so much pleasant intercourse here, and see around me so many familiar faces, that I feel altogether at home. And, after the history of old Connecticut, to which we have listened, I feel I have some sort of right to claim a residence here. But I am not here as one of the original settlers. I am not here as thej^jsipfitg, are here, and the M p^tona are here, and the 5fildSBS are here ! They have been here from the beginning, -^grandsire, sire and son, man and boy, these hundred years ; and may they be for a hundjred years to come, to perpetuate their honored names, and transmit their inherited virtues. ^It is honor enough for Old Connecticut now, as in the early roast, and in the later straggle, that she can stand as file-closer 311 'to'glonous OlcTHasssicEusetts; — God bless her ! In that bright summer morning of June, on Bunker Hill, she was there, shoulder to shoulder with Massachusetts in the fight. Whether Connecticut or Massachusetts was in command, no matter. • We know that Prescott was there ; Putnam was there, and Warren . was there 1 All fought bravely ! — one died gloriously ! — and the three wreathed their names in a crown of immortal glory 4hat should be worn on the nation's brow forever. « ^^B hundred years ago ! The century's hail that rung out Jpom the sturdy band in this little opening in the wild forest, is lechoed to-day from million kindred hearts all over the land; — for their children have gone out to every trade and craft and pro- • fession of life. They have scattered o'er the broad-spread prairie-plain ; beyond the mountains ; and (jrer the seas. And some have come back from their, far off homes to join their brethren here to-day, to celebrate the virtues, the trials and the victories of their common sires, who first planted their flag of steadfast faith on these grand old hills, and pitched their tents on the banks of this beautiful river. , what changes have come since their day ! A little colony Town to a great nation ! What wonders of art and science lave been unfolded ! The steam engine, -perfected at last, not only to propel floating 'palaees on the wave, but to drag with the thundering tread, and corresponding strength of a herd of wild buffaloes, great anaconda-trains of merchandise, or of Pullman's palace homes, crowded with beauty and fashion, fris&ing across the continent from the hoary old Atlantic to the blushing young Pacific. And last, though not least, the telegraph, — Morse- grown, mid-air was hung, — the great electric highway, whereon the lightnings run with busy feet, in fairy sandals shod, to whis- per words of love to listening ears a thousand miles away ! Or, iu the deep, dark caves of Ocean bare, To hold sweet converse with the witching mermaids there. jWhat palaces of beauty and homes of comfort crown these hills, knd dot these valleys o'er, in contrast strong with the log-cabins /and the rough, rude homes of our grandsires. Let us hope our /virtues have at least kept pace wirti theirs, and that we are not J " degenerate sons of noble sires/r 312 If Massaphusetts was the first to step out at the word " march," Sn that later struggle, old Connecticut followed close behind ; [and kept fastlpcls-step with her through all those long years of [trials, — of disaster and defeat, — aye, and of crowning victories |too. Through all that struggle, it is with feelings of pride and sat- ^8fao;tion, that we remember how the efforts of your glorious j Andrew we^ so nobly seconded by our own generous Buoking- lam. . « ■ In days ante bellum,- we were wont to celebrate this anniver- sary of Ind^endence, and with flourish of rhetoric speak of bhis great y^ee country. But we spoke it with a mental reserva- tion, knowing it was a glittering lie, as four million slaved souls could testify. To-day we know that it is free ; for here are our living witnesses, — these " boys in blue," — who wrote the cove nant on the bloody battle-field with flaming sword and flashing] bayonet, — signed it with their own blood, — sealed it with the lives of their noble comrades fallen, — and the angels of God! recorded it in heaven, so that all the rebels of all the world can not rub it out, that liberty and union are inseparably wedded while time shall last and the world shall stand. Oh ! the sacri- fices of private wealth flial were laid upon the altar of our country would build a golden monument as yon mountain high. But weigh them all with those of personal devotion, and Oh, how small ! Weighed in the light of " the widow and her mite,"| — nay, rather the widow and her son, — compare them yvrith those of the poor, humble private, who with only the prayers and the blessings of his widowed mother on his head, her kiss on his lips, her Bible in his knapsack, went forth to stand beneath the starry flag, — aye, and to fall ! giving, as his legacy, all ! — his soul to God, his life to his country ! Let us then, while we remember to honor the munificence of dollars, remember, never to forget, that nobler, sublimer, diviner munificence .that could give its precious blood and noble life that our country might be free. And those living heroes, — here, and everywhere,— who periled life, as free, as ready to give, that their country might live, that liberty and union might henceforth and forever be " one and inseparable." Eear, then, your monuments of marble, of granite and of / 313 bronze I chisel thereon names that should never perish ! build your memorial halls of solid blocks, chiselled from the quarries of patriotic devotion, crowne^^ith the cap-stone of dying valor! float above it the flag or steadfast faith, starred with undyinff hopes, to wave in the breezes of centuries to come, to show tne future what the past has done ! and come on every holy memorial day to strew their graves with flowers, — whose eyes of beauty weep tears of sweetest fragrance ; and whose white petals, like uplifted hands in prayer, breathe a benediction on the undying dead who sleep below. And forever let it stand, that monument, purer, nobler, and better than them all,— a government purified and made wholly free, — a Union strong and great, with power elate, while Time shall be I /7. Old Whately welcomes all her children to-day, whether they dwell nnder the old flag, or owe allegiance to our Mother Country, England, f,t home or in her colonies. Response by Champion Brown, Esq., of Montreal. [Mr, President : The sentiment just announced is welcomed by me with peculiar pleasure, as in the kind allusion to the land of my adoption, it breathes a feeling which it has ever been my aim to cherish, that of cultivatiiig kindly relations with our mother country. The chief difference between us is in the form of government, and in \jeducation. With our early training and national pride, it is natural to Americans, as we are called in the Dominion of Canada, to take occasions and to make occasions to impress upon our associates the peculiar utility of Republicanism. The success of this effort is marked in the general similarity adopted and adopting in the various forms of civic life. As a people they have much in common with us, and they often look across the border with a mixture of envy and hope. They perceive many of the advan- tages which accrue from our form of government, and their traditional attachments are growing weaker. /■ To be sure, when the great Rebellion occurred, the tide turned /temporarily. The friends of monarchy grew bold, and confi- i^dently predicted the speedy downful of the government planted ( by our fathers and cherished by their children. And you may 314 I be sure that we watched with intense anxiety the shifting fortunes ' of the war. ^e never despaired of the Republic : and we never yielded a jot of our devotion tdifche old flag. We never forgot that we were born in Massachmetts ; we had breathed the free air of her hills ; wel^new her resolution and her valor. We did not forget that we were born in Whately — whose recora' in all I the wars of the past century, as your historian has so eloquently I told us, has been an honorable one. And when the papers I brought us a list of your volunteers, taking their first lessons' in i military training from Capt. Bard well, your worthy chief mar- I shall to-day, we took fresh courage. Our boyhood's remem- brances of his energy in whatever he undertook was a guarantee that those volunteers would be thoroughly drilled ; and my I knowledge of their fathers and mothers was a guarantee that they i would not be lacking in courage. I say, when the papers brought us news of what our native town was doing, we took fresh courage ; we began to believe in the final suppression of the Rebellion ; we felt that we could uphold a republican government, and claim for it the elements of strength and perpetuity. * Our early lessons of patriotism teach us to yield hearty alle- giance to an adopted country ; but we love the institutions of the federal government ; and we earnestly wish the time may come, when not only- shall the^e be no North, no South, but when only one form of Government, and that the one under which we were born, shall be acknowledged on this continent. I thank you again for your kindly greetings. The acts and memorials of the citizens of Whately for'the hundred years which culminate this day in this worthy and^ most pleasant celebration, are wairmly" cherished by her children every where./ > V 8. The Bay State and the FoZwenwer— Divided by Territory, but randiyided by kindred and devotion. Michigan pays homage to Mas- 1 sachusetts on this occasion, by the presence of one of her citizens, a I distinguished descendant of Whately. ^^^ ' Responded to by United States'^^^ig^^gpffjj of Michigan. Mr. President and Citizens : Were I to follow my own judgment, I should not at this late,, hour further tax your good nature by any words of mine. My 315 cboice was quietly to sit and listen, rather than to speak and intrude. C^especfe however for my State, which *you hare been pleased to compliment and associate with your own ; and regard for the memory of a Mnvprl ^mn*j{i,pr^ hni-n iy^ wi|^ntp]^r lead me to yield to the stronger pressure of my feelings and devotion, which like your own, make this spot sacredly cherished in the hearts of grateful descendant^ Had I the power to draw from the quiver of Heaven, there should be summoned before you re- animated natures whose origin you claim but whose liii^es and experience westward, would furnish far more perfect and graphic portrayal than anything I possibly can oflFer. Bear with me, however, and I promise not to weary your patience, already tried for five long hours. Jn the sentiment you have tendered Michigan you have well said that though divided by territory, she is undivided in interest and devotion with Mas- sachusetts. How is this better illustrated than by recalling the feet that when you sent your pioneers — my immediate ancestry — it took them two months to traverse the region that separates the two States, and.to-day, within one genss^ation, mutual interests have bridged that distance by the hand of art, that it may be traveled in less than two days. Her devotion is as clearly demonstrated in her attachment to those principles which lie at- the foundation of New-England character and prosperity, like the rocks and hills of your commonwealth. We accept the blood ,and virtues of Massachusetts as a reliable and laudable base for western superstructure. To the earlier habits and. education of the East, we profitably add the experimental utility of the West, and it is no disrespect to you, or assumption on my part, to say, that a combination of the two meets the demand of a higher civilization. What is that civilization? It is the highest type of individual and associated power. Not the power that finds its measure in profit, but whose vital element is. progress. True civilization is therefore healthful progress. Some one has classified this into self-preser- vation, parent-hood, citizenship, and the miscellaneous refine- ments of life. ^^In the late struggle for national preservation, Michigan stood niobly beside Massachusetts in loyalty and sacrifice. We do not Uorget, but applaud your gallant eons, who were the first to reach 316 the enemy and shed blood to put down rebellion. Falling, as they did, in th^ streets of Baltimore, the name of your faithful Governor Audrew is revered for his promptness, and espbcially his care for the noble dead, so touchingly illustrated by his dispatch to " Handle them tenderly and send- them carefully home." Michigan was not far behind, though far distant from the imperiled capital. She followed Massachusetts into Wash- ington, and sent over 90,000 men to the field, being twelve per cent of her population, and in this respect outnum"bered your own quota, for your State sent but eleven per cent of hers. la parent-hood the population of Michigan will soon outnumber yours., If I mistake not, she has reached within 275,000 of that of Massachusetts. j In citizenship she is rapidly utilizing all of her varied resources, and vying with many of the sisterhood in prosperity and power. Under her oaks was started that organization which, eventuating in national authority, has saved the Government from dissolu- tion j|and the nation from destruction, by crushing treason and making freedom and p^itical equality as free aa the air and as broad as the land. In the arts and refinements she loiters not in- the federal race. Her products seek every market ; her com- mercial energy stretches beyond land and sea. I may notice a circumstance in this connection corroborative of what is impliei that passing through Sprin^eld on my way hither, I saw carsj laden with Western products, marked " Grand Haven ^.t^d-I^cfa . ton." Especially apropos and gratifying to me as a descendant of Whately is it, to remind you that Grand Haven was settled by your own citizens less than forty years ago, who were then compelled to cut a road through forty miles of forest to find food to sustain life, but are now contributing food for Bostonians, at the "hub" of the national wheel. In education, from a school of five scholars in an upper chamber, taught by one of your own teachers, has sprung a permanent and elegant structure at a cost of iibfiOq/' Cis, in a small city of Michigan, is but an humble illustra- if the State. With her system of free schools, Union school buildings of beautiful architecture and of the higher grades of instruction, are scattered all over the State, while her Seminaries and University rank with the best of the land. _... Ill ■-m l * - 317 . ^K. have indulged thus much in response to your tribute to my, pative State, and she is but a counterpart of the great West. .In fact, the West has now passed beyond the boundaries of the great lakea- ' GhicagOi. the city of wonderful growth, which I remember with less than 10,000 inliabitants, now has a popula- tion of over 300,000, with tunnels under lake and river, and structures of architectural beauty which point to an advanced state of refinement and fertility of design. Consider still West- ward. Sail Francisco, the charming city of the Pacific, un- known twenty years ago; and the Union and Central Pacific Bailroad — that marvellous project of the past decade — together with the Northern and Southern Pacific roads, now in progress, . binding the whole continent into a federal Empire and pouring its prodmcts and treasures into the lap of the East, and you have \a faint conception of what was, what is, and what will be, of as /Union, once of thirteen States already grown into a vast" conti- /nental Republic o^thirtjgseven^ i ts {j^ng^ ^y . swaying with the breeze betwixt those maple , boQghs, reflecting : the history sketcljed, in its stripes of struggle and stars of might. The trees from which it hangs are not as vigorous or more per- petual than the power it symbolizes, nor is the air with which it plays more free or equal than the liberty and equality which it guards and enforces. ^It is the beacon to all the world, with " welcome " to ouri whores, expressed upon it as legibly as it is traced on yonder arch/ in evergreens, by the fingets of some of these fair ones, invitingj all to their hospitalities. That pendant, symbolic bunting — thes emblem of our nationality — is but the type of national strength] and equality. It enforces just«^at the nation wills. Blind! confidence in, and supple devotion to its folds, will not perpet- uate the power and freedom it now heralds. Vigilance, as oc yore, can alone be the price of liberty. To the institutions of New England ; her moral aims ; her virtues ; her religious toneJ and unswerving loyalty, does the nation look for the guarantyl of national liberty, equality and perpetuity. The true civiliza-l tion that becomes the body of the people, bent upon upholding! these rights and this nationality, must be based upon a. general^ as well as progressive education of the masses, brought to th» safest test for a proper enlightenment of the nqderstanding antO . 318 'the heart, and that is, that the worth of educational and political information is in proportion to its bearing upon some of the activities of life. Just as surely as the granite underlies this State, do we assuredly trust you for fidelity to all th^t eimobles us as a nation. V. All of that frugality, economy, industry, ingenuity and moral- ity which combine to bless you with prosperity, we prize if we do not strictly imitate. It is at least the germ of our ideal, "and beckons us on to higher aims. Broad and vast as our land, resources, and institutions are, we comprehend the fact that the field of education outruns States, so that with all that is so laa- dable in New England character and attainments, we do not overrate the necessity for the utilization of these characteristics^ I In other words, the abstract and metaphysical of the East finds its complement in the: practical of the West. The West has its beau ideeil as well as the East. In the com- bination of both will be the real stature of national progress, civilization and'^ower. Earlier years are better spent in this atmosphere, and you hold the ;advantage of first impressions^ which I know you do not undervalue. The maturity of life can find a more fruitful field westward. Scope and versatility invite all these. Tutored and tethered boyhood here, develops into vigorous, independent manhood there. The two harmonize, enlighten and civilize. We can work and live apart, but nobly act together. With one origin, one aim, one destiny, we build to fall no more. Let unity cement our national strength, and Massachusetts will read in the growth of other States, the force of her example and the fruition of her inspiration. / 9. The Religion bf our FathgN^—Hh^ guide of their earthly lives land groand of their immortal hopes; the foundatioa of our free liustitutioas, the cause of our enlightened civilization^ inspiring our 1 progress, ensaring our-stability ; may their descendants affectionately I and reverently regard and maintain this precious inheritance and, 1 transmit it to coming generations in its purity and power. J Responded to by Bev. S. H. Lee , of Greenfield j who spoke (Substantially as follows : Mr. President and Qitizens of Whately : It is only as taking the place of one of your former pastors, who was expected to respond to this sentiment, that I consent to 319 stand here on this occasion, which belonga properly to the natives and residents of Whately. ^TAe religion of our Fathers ! — What a theme is this 1 What fa noble fact it was and is I The Religion of our Fathers ! We I have had suggested to-day, in the historical address and in sub- sequent remarks, many affecting incidents, many important events, and many principles of inestimable value. But we touch bottom here, and here only. All through we have felt the deep religious spirit of our ancestors. The sentiment just read truly declares that their religion was the guide of their lives. Whatever else our fathers were, or. were not, they were godly men. They lived under the power of their religion. They gave up life to it and sacrified life for it. "The ground of their immortal hopes," says the sentiment. Our fathers did not live for this world. ]Beyond any class of men, at least of modern timesj. they were filled with the sense of eternal things, and rejoiced in hope of a glorious immortality through our Lord Jesus Christ. It was beneath the sway of these high thoughts that they settled this wil- derness and founded here our free institutions. It was under a reli- gious impulse that they came to these shores, that they might belong to, constitute, and establish a .church according to the New Testament. In the exigencies in which they found them- selves here, they founded civil government on that model, which they learned from the Scriptures belonged to the church. Our democratic government was an inference from that ecclesiastical polity — the Congregational — which our Fathers had drawn out of the teachings of Christ anff His Apostles. Thus was their religion the shaping power of our free institutions. It was interesting to note, this morning, how the minute local /history to which our attention is turned, was but the exhibition j of the same spirit and ideas. The historian told us, in his very j excellent discourse, that Hadley was settled by men who migrated Jfrom Connecticut, because the ministers and churches there were Jeparting from the original Congregational, New Testament [church polity. It was a movement like that of the Pilgrims of »1620, on account of religious |)rinciple. You heard, too, that the original settlers on this side of the river organized a church and instituted the ordinances, that they might have a place of worship accessible at all seasons of the 320 / year ; that a township being deemed necessary to' the main- \ tenance of a church, the town of Hatfield came into existence. yThe church was beforfi l;fa p,:£tat&. as on the Mayflower. It was I said tooTthat Williamsburg, the twin sister of Whately, was set I oflf for the same reason. A religious motive thus caused these Vtewns to exis^ The sentiment read declares this religion the cause of our enlightened civilization. Our fathers believed in education. But their reason for doing so was a relifflpas one. They founded Harvar.d College and Yale, but they bad little thought of civiliz- ing the world through liberal culture. They established these institutions in order to train a Christian ministry who should ably expound God's word. The address this morning showed that our (?ommon school system arose from a similar desire. The welfare of the church required that children should be taught to read the Bible. It was not that they might succeed in life that children were taught to read, but that they might learn from rGod's word the way" to life eternal. Hence, people became asso- ciated together in the education of their children, and in due time the common school system was devised. So true is it that the religujn of our Fathers was the cause of our enlightened civiliza- tion' /But what was the religion that had such power in those days ? i First, our fathers recognized profoundly and absolutely the will of God as the supreme law in all things. They obeyied God's will, whatever it cost. Their humble regard for him and his laws lies at the foundation of all the sternness, strength and gran- deur of the Puritan character. This original spirit of New' England is our noblest inheritance from the past. It is the source of the vigorous moral sense which prevails in this part of the land, ft accounts for the exceeding scrupulousness in the minute affairs of life which so characterizes u^ as a people, which is often jeered at, yet is noble and Christiaii'* It is the spring of the uncompromising spirit which will show no favor to evil. * * *» / A^^cowrf prominent feature of their religious life was their l-everence for the Bible. Thiey revered it because they implicitly received it as the revelation of the will of God. It was to them, driven forth from their native land, with few of the pleasures of this life, their guide and consolation for time and eternity. Here 321 they found God's thoughts, here hiei purposes, here his salvation. Accordingly, just in proportion to their regard for God they loved the Bible. Hence we have it in our life so intimately connectied with our institutions, not only reverenced in the home, but in the fichools, courts and legislat^ye halls. /^A t Mr d_{si0 of their religious life was a profound reverence for che Sabbath, as the day of the Lord. Whatever we may^hink m some of their methods of its observance, we cannot but approve of keeping it sacred, and of their motive for doing so. It grew like everything else out of their reverence for the will of God. In order that men might learn that will, in order that they might become through preaching, acquainted with those truths which vitally concern their welfare here and. hereafter, they most heartily kept the Sabbath holy. One day in seven they kept clear of all M worldly pursuits and thoughts, that then they might prepare better to live in the world or leave it. Standing at their point of view, feeling, the commanding importance of the will of God, piercing by faith the veil which hides eternity, all men can readily see the practical power which one sacred day in the week would have, a power of which we to-day are witnesses. If we shall with them hold to these three points in life, we 'shall fulfill the service expressed in the sentiment you have heard, and transmit the precious inheritance of a true religion to coming generations, in its purity and power. And whatever may be our impressions of this religion in the abstract, it always commands our admiration in the individual life. In days when it is somewhat the fashion to speak depreciatingly of the Puritan character, it is nevertheless delightful to meet it. there was an incident in our war down ,on the Peninsula, the ?hero of which nobly exhibited that strength and tenderness which iMacaulav finds in the Puritan. He was the son of "a missionary; File was fitting" forcoUege at Andover, in view of a missioAary ^ life, when he thought it his duty to go to the war. He was wounded, and died shortly after in the hospital. When his time drew near, he gave away his effects, some of his money to the Christian Commission, and the rest to the American Board, in whose service he had expected to spend his life ; sent words of love to his brother, and the noblest message possible to his com- !.rades in arms. " Tell thena," he said, " Tell them to stand bythe 0,0, 322 dear,ol ^,JElag.,,,and^ linaLtoJiifiXb:Q^^^ There is patri- otism and piety blended- There is boldness and humility. It was Puritan throughout. As he thought of his country and her enemies, he was a^ man that could dare and do, " Stand by the dear old Flag." A^s he thought of himself before God, as a needy sinner, he was prostrate and dependent on the divine rnercy. ^^Glifig to the Cross of Christ/ This in all generations is the religion of our fathers ; certainly it must command our respect and obedience ; certainly we must hand it down in its surpassing Excellence to them who come after us. 10. Tlie Armies of the two Revolutions — Animated by the same devoted patriotism, they demonstrated the strength of a citizen sol- diery — potent to build up and potent to save a nation. 11. Deerjield and 'jfAaieiT^^Intiraately associated in the perils of early times, it is fit that the Pocumtnck Valley Memorial Association should assist us to celebrate our first Centennial celebration. Eespbnded to by Rev. J. F. Moors, of Greenfield. 12. Agriculture — That ancient and useful art whose biography discloses a thousand pleasant points of contact with that perennial stream of human action and interest, whose current as it rolls, is History, and whose eddying ripples and sunny reflections of the sky are Literature. The sentiment was intended for Leander WetherfiU, editor of the Boston Cultivator, but he had been obliged to leave the assembly to take the southern train before the sentiment was read, much to the regret of those who had the matter in charge.' 13. The Press — W^ recognize as one of the elements of our local and national prosperity the thoughtful, considerate and enterprising newspaper press. Its issues come to our workshops and our liouse- holds in yearly, increasing numbers, and we hail their visits as of one who cometh with glad tidings from a distant land. May it rise with the rising and swellina tide of the country's material and intellectual prosperity, and continue to be a source of pleasure, profit and power to all our people. Address of' Mr. H. S. Gere, of the Hampshire Gazette. You do well, Mr. President, in recognizing as one of the elements of your lopal prosperity, the influence of the news- paper press. Its issues have come among you from the first 323 organization of your town, and have been read in every house- hold within your limits. The absence of the old post-rider, with his bell or horn, and the old stage-coach, with its clarion-voiced bugle and four-in-hand, are not less suggestive of the progress of the times, than yoiir present comfortable residences and houses of worship, when compared with the homes and churches of fifty years ago. Your newspaper is really one of the family. It gives you advice, and receives yours. It brings you the news of the day, both at home and abroad. It gathers up the domestic news of the town, and comes in, like a kind neighbor, to entertain you with choicest and freshest items. It gives you story, sentiment, fact, and sound sense ; tells you what your neighbor is doing, and apprises him of what you are doing ; and it is no wonder that both he and you j^ecome attached to the good old family journal, hang it up on the wall as an heir-loom, and manifest your appre- ciation of it by giving practical eflfect to its politicail teachings on election day. Precisely how much benefit you have derived from the differ- ent journals you have supported, cannot of course be determined, but an approximate idea may be obtained by attempting to ascertain what your present position would have been without their visits throughout the long years which now go to make up the great and eventful century which has gone with the advent of to-day. This is no time for light or trivial -words. This large gather- ing of "people is for no ordinary purpose. " A hundred years to your town have gone. A hundred years ! And such years ! So full of great events, so full of memorable deeds, so full of the progress of great and noble principles. There has risen here within these years a great nation, — great in numbers, great in deeds, and greater still in the ideas which are embodied in its form of government. And in this wonderful achievement, some of this goodly town have acted an humble, but not insignificant part. We call it humble, but it is oftentimes grfeat. There goes out from these hill-side homes an influence that is mightier and more far-reaching than we are apt to think. I have often thdught how much we owe to these rocks, and these hills, and this shallow soil. You know how flint, and emery, and grit, 324 produce fire. You know how wealth corrupts the mind and debauches the body ; how it relaxes energy and dries up the foun- tains of the heart. Do you think that if your town were all a prairie, and the soil two feet in depth, and crops sprang up, and bountiful harvests greeted the farmer with little toil, you would be gathered here to-day to celebrate the great prosperity you now enjoy? It is these hills, and these rocks, and the incentives to exertion which are inseparable from New England life, that have given, and are now giving, to the country its choicest men. Look where you will, — here, or elsewhere, — you will find that the men who wield power, who command influence, who move the community and the State, were of humble origin, and not •unlikely their homes were on hill-sides like these. / O, sir, I love these New England hills, and these rocks, and f these valleys, and these trees. They speak to me of years that are gone, — of youthful years, full of glowing anticipations ; of families that once flourished, but now are scattered and far away ; of acts that once seemed unimportant, but which since have grown and ripened into great results. Here in these rural com- munities is the nursery of the nation. Here the seeds of char- acter are sown, — here the foundations are laid. Men may go to the far west, in search of wealth or fame, or to California to dig gold, if they choose ; but for me, give me our good old New England, — the New England of the past, the New England of the present. New England ! with its hills and its mountains, its rocks and its sterile sojl and its hardy climate. New Eng- land ! with all its virtues, and all its faults, and all its much abused "isms." Go on, fathers and mothers of Whately; con- tinue to inculcate those principles of thrift, of economy, of vir- tue and humanity, which have made your ancestors what they were, and yourselves what you are, and you will leave a record which your descendants will be proud of, and will be glad to meet here to celebrate a hundred years hencgr Thus hour after hour was spent in listening t<^ pleasant speeches, interspersed with appropriate music by the bands. It is matter of regret that the addresses of the other speakers have not been furnished for publication. 325 yXAs the descending sun began to throw the shadows of fipr nne /^Qill athwart the valley, the following Hymn was sang to the itune of " Old Hundred," the audience standing, and rendering the grand old air with the greatest feeling and effect. CLOSING HYM BY MRS. A. H. HALL. y. But made His own people to go fortli like aheepj^nd guided them in tbe wildemesa like a flock.— Ps. 78: S2. So we, Tby people, and sbeep of Tfay pasture, will give Thee thanks forever; we will show forth Thy praise to all generationSj^r-Ps. 79 : 13. Great Shepherd of the living fold Which, scattered o'er a thousand hills, Or safe in heavenly pastures, hold ^ The memories that this hour distills. We lift our grateful song to Thee For blessings rich, that clustering far, Now crown the closing century. And bring our wanderitig children near. Earth-wide the range of pilgrim-feet, Since first they trod these native vales ; Dear- shadowy fornis their coming greet, Whose love like evening dew, exhales. Love, that oi'er all these acres fair. The fragrance of a home hath shed ; And hovers still, in praise and prayer. On every waiting, reverent head. We come to plead the covenant grace That binds all hearts at Thy behest : Our children's children thus embrace — One fold ! one Shepherd ! and one rest ! Then, while we watch the outer courts, * Spirit of Love, Spirit Divine, Spread Thy broad wing of tenderness. Brightly above each inner shrine. Heed Thou the prayers from fervent lips. Some sealed in death — some quivering still — Guard Thou these hearth stones. With Thy breath, Breathe through them all with quickening thrill. 326 Brood o'er the place with jealous love While future years ,to centuries roll — With thy sweet tones, Thou Heavenly Dove, Gather them in, — ^Enfold them all. The benediction was pronounced by Eev. George E. Ferguson, and the great assembly slowly dispersed, with the universal feel- ing that the day had been well spent, and that the best anticipa- tions had been fully realized. INDEX. —4' Abercromby, Robert, 195 Addition, Three miles, ^7 Adkins Genealogy, 19'5 Adkins, Solomon, Jr., 172, 195 Alden, Barnabas G.„al96 Alexander, Joseph, 196 Alexander, Levi, 196 Allen, Thomas, 196 Allis, Aaron, 198 AUis, Daniel, 198 Allis, Capt. Elisha, 88, 197 His Genealogy, 196 His, Col. Josiah, 130, 143, 160, 171, 176, 176, 190, 191, 192, l93 Allis, Capt. Lucius, 61, 66, 86, 148, 176, 185, 196 Allis, Bussell, 147, 148, 198 AlHs, "William, 16, 19, 28,42 Allis, William, Jr., 30 Apples, 75 Ashcraft, John, 198 Assessors, 192 Atherton, Bev. Hope, 19, 30 Bacon, Benjamin, 198 Baker, William, 199 Baker, Edward, 199 Bannister, John F., 199 Baptist Society, 107, 110, 118 Bardwell, Chester, M.D., 193, 203 Bardwell, Lt. Ebenezei, * 67," 60, 61, 86j 99, 137, 141,. 199 ardwell Genealogy, 199 Bardwell, Lt. Noah, 87, 104, 107, 131, 141, 146, 147, 170, 182, 186, 200 Bardwell, Lt. Perez, 91, 129, 136, 142, 157, 199 Bardwell, Bemembiance, 89, 200 Bardwell, Robert, 38, 57 Bardwell, Capt. Seth, 170, 201 Bardwell, 'Rev. William, 117 Bardwell, William F., 179, 203 Barker, Rev. Stephen, 119 Barley, 38, 73 Barnard Genealogy, 203 Barron, t., 204 Bartlett, family of, 204 Bashan, 43 Bates, Rev. L. P., 112, 114, 193, 204 Beals, Caleb, 142, 147, 148, 205 Bears, 54, 61 Beckwith, Ezekiel and Philo, 205 Beer, 76, 180 Beef, forwar, 145, 151, 160 Belden, Rev. Pomeroy, 117 Beldin, Joshua, 61, 87, 99, 141, 147, 148, 176, 181, 205 Belding, Daniel, 50, 176 Belding, Elisha, 99, 208 Belding Genealogy, 205 Belding, Joab, 144 Belding, Joseph, 60, 109, 209 Belding, Paul, 70, 87, 137, 141, 146, 172 Belling, Reuben, wiU'of, 129 Belding, Samuel, 16, 19, 33 Bennett, Daniel W. and George W„ 210 Bigelow, James, 210 Bills of credit, 150 Bills, Rev. George, 119 Bird, Epoch, 210 Blacksmiths, 172 Blankets, for war, 145, 161 Boating on Connecticut river, 182, 288 Boating, History of, 288 Bolts, 75 Bounties, soldiers', 161, 152, 162 Bowker, Henry, 210 iBradstreet's grant, 55 Bragg, Abial, 62, 210 Bragg, Joab, 144 Brick-making, 173 Bridgeman, 210 Brooks, John, 210 Broom- corn and brooms, 177 Broughton, Wait, 211 Brown, Edward,' 61, 62, 87, 107, 139, 141, 144, 147, 170, 211 Brown, George, 212 Brown, Joseph, 212 Brown, Josiah, 142, 146, 211 Brown, John, 141, 147, 151, 211 Brown, William, 148, 211 Bunker Hill battle, men from Whately, 143 Burroughs, Stephen, 212 Bush, Levi, Jr., 192, 213 Byram, Joseph, 62, 137, 213 Callahan, David and Thomas, 213 Candlewood, 18 Canterbury, 61 Capawong brook, 11, 188 Captives taken at Haft- field, 32 Carey, Richard, 136, 146, 147, 213 Carley, Samuel, 61, 62, 88, 136, 148, 213 Carriages, 174 Casey, John,. 213 Castle or Castwell, Thomas, 213 Cemeteries, 19, 185 Centennial Celebration, 295 Chaises, 175 328 Chapin, Ariel, 213 Chapln, Bey. Horace B., 118 Chapin, Eev. Perez, 117 Chapin, PereE, ii. D., 149, 161, 189, 191, 213 Chapman, E,ev. Lucius W., 117 Chapman, Isaac, 213 Chauncey, Richard, 99, 191, 214 Chestnut plain street, 48, 120, 122 Chickons, 8, 11 Chimneys, stone, 66 Christian Lane, 49, 120, 129, 123 Church, Ha^ey, 14 Church, Hatfield, 18, 19 Church, Whately, for- mation of, 9d; origi- nal members, 99, 109; number of members, 110 Church, Second Cong., 110, 118 Church, Richard, killed by Indians, S4 Cider, 76 Claghorn, Alvin N., 214 Clapboards, 17 Clark, Dexter, 214 Clark, Justin W., 3 Clark, Justus, 214 Clark, Leander, 173, 193, 214 Clark, Peter, 214 Clark, Stephen, 214 Clary, Apollos, 214 Clayerack, 121 Clerks, Town, 191 Cloth, home-made 70 Clothiers, 73, 170, 171, 172 Coleman, Nathaniel, 57, 61, 87, 92, 147, 168, 139, 214 Coleman, Niles, 129, 141, 214 Coleman, Noah, 215 Comb Factory, 171 Committees of Correi pondence, 139, 141 Common fields, 11, 16, 17, 18, 43 Commons, 16, 43 ; four divisions 'of, 44 Communion furniture, 115 Conch-shell, 109 Cone, William, 215 Convention, Deerfield, in 1782,-467 Convention, Hatfield, in 1782, 168 Convention,. Northamp- ton, in 1777, 163 Conway path, 49, 123 Cook, David, 173, 215 Cook, James P., 215 Cooley, Benjamin, 215' Coeley, Dennis, 215 Cooley, Justin Morton, 179, 215 Cooley, Lemuel, 215 Corn, Indian, 8, 18, 74 Covenant, half-way, 100 Cow-herd, 43 Cows, run on Commons, 91 Cowing, Georgei 216 Crafts, Benoni, 61, 216 Crafts, Oaius, 136, 142, 216 Crafts Genealogy, 216 Crafts, Thomas, 38, 41, 61, 66, 99, 104, 216 Crawford, Capt. J. D., 291 Crump, James A«, 163, 223 Curtis, Hosea, 223 Cutler, James, 170, 223 Cutting brush on Com- mons, 18 Dark day, 194 Deacons, 115 Deaths, summary of, 190 Dedham Grant, 55 Deer, 54 Deerfield, abandoned, 27 ; destroyed, 58 ; part of annexed, 81 Delegates to Constitu- tional Convention, 193 Delegates to Provincial Congress, 140 Denison's Grant, 66 Dewey, Capt. T. M., 288 Dickinson, Abner, 137, 147, 225 Dickinson, Benjamin,*!!!. D., 189, 191, 226 ickinson Genealogy, 223 Dickinson, Gideon, 86, 142, 190, 223 Dickinson, Joel, 61, 86, 136, 226 Dickinson, Moses, 61, 223 Dickinson, Nathaniel, 16, 60 ■-'"-' DtstitTeries, 182 Doane, Samuel, 226 Dogs, law against, 43 ; to Kunt Indians, 59 Dollar, first named, 194 Donovan, Edmund, 227 Drain, the great 187 Dress, excesse in 39, 40, 41 Dress, homespun, 65, 70 Drinks, 76 Dyeing, 68, 72, 140 Eaton, Asa, Jesse, Wil- liam, 227 Ecclesiastical history, 93 Edson Genealogy, 227 Edson, Jonathan, 62, 142, 143, 146, 148 Egypt road, 48, 123 Elder, family of, 228 Elm, set by Oliver Graves Jr., 61 Emr^ns, Richard, M. D., 189, 228 Equivalent, Hatfield, 47 Errata, 332 Estates, for div. of lands 16 Estates and polls in 1771, 87 Estates, valuation of, 190 Esther mountain, 188 ; road, 120, 123 Excesse in apparrell, 40 Faculty Tax, 172 Fairchild, Rev. E. B., 119, 228 Falls, Turner's, fight, 29 Farms, Old and West, 44 Farrell, Matthew, 228 Faxon, Thomas, 228 Fay, Capt. William, 190, 228 Fences, 17 Ferguson, Rev. GeorgeR. 118 Ferguson, Rev. John, 113, 114, 228 Ferry, Belden's, 182, 291 Field Genealogy, 228 Field, Noah, 142, 146, 229 Field, Zechariah, 15, 21 Field, Zenas, 142, 146, 148, 229 Fisher, Benj., 229 Flax, 18, 70, 73, 74, 140 Fleming, Thomas, 229 Flip, 77 — Food, 74 Foote, Alden A., 229 Foot-stoves, 106 Ford, Levi, 229 Fox, H; B., 173, 192, 230 Fox, S. W., 173, 230 Frary, Eleazar, 38, 68 329 Frary, Eleaz*r,8 142, 147 Frary, Lieut. BMgha, 99f , 107, 137, 139, 140, 141, 143, 147, 149, 131-, 190, 232 Frary Genealogy, 230 Frary, Maj. Phinehas, 107, 142, 161, 190, 193, ' 23,1 Frary, Capt. Seth, 146, !'v_ 14&,- 149, 190 Effiiich and Ind. war, i'j>i3S-^7 Fuller, WUliam H;, 193, 232 FuUing-miU, 70 Galena, 183 Gates across roads, 17, 121, 124 ,Gibbs»Faul, 147, 233 Gilbert, JosiaK, 152, 233 Giless William, ISl, 233 Girls attend school, 20, 21 '"Bleftj tie, 69, 188 Goodnongh, Kev. J. R., >' ll9 ■■ Goss, 233 Governor, votes for, 292 Graham, Tames, 233 Grants, land, by Govt. 55 Graves, David, 44, 60, 109, 137, 143, 233 Graves, Dea. Nathan, 61, ■:- 99,137, 147,233, 234 ■ Graves Genealogy, 233 QWves, Israel, 87, 91, 99, 137, 147 Graves, Oliver, 61, 91, 99, 115, 137, 140, 141, 147, 148, 190, 233 ••(Bfraves, William E., 240 Gray, Alfred W., 240 Gray, Nathaniel, 240 Great Meadow, 11,-16, 17, is, 31, 60, 66, 60 Green, Henry, 152 Grimes, Samuel, 181, 191, 241 Grist-mills, Meekins', 18 ; Taylor's, 69, 124 ; Bel- ding's, 69, 124 ; Mun- son's, 170 ; Wells Bro- thers', 171 ; Moor and Co., 171 Habitancy, who entitled to 81, 92 , Hadley, planters, 10, 14, ■ 15 ; reasons for leaving Conn., 14 ; lands pur- chased by, 10, 11 ; lauds how divided, 15 ; date of settlement, 15 ; • ehurch, ,14 ; • gHnt of 1000 acres to, 66 Hafey, Jerre and Nicho- las, 241 Handerhan, Michael, 241 Handy, Levi, 147, 148 Harding, Samuel, 241 Harrington, Thomas, 144, 241 • Harris, L. G., 241 Hart, Murray, 241 Harvesting, time of, 74 Harvey, Blihu, 162, 169, 241 Harvey, Paul, 151, 241 Harwood, Francis, M.D., 152, 189, 241 Harwood, Capt. Nathan, 162, 241 Hastings, Dr. Thomas, 20, 38 Hatch, Isaac, 242 Hatfleldi, BetitlBrsj 16 ; lands purchased by, 11, 12 } lands how divided', IS ; settlement of, 15 ; in- corpgratedt 18 ; Churclu ^oftoed, 19 J Grist-mdl, 18 ; schools of, 20 ; first . Indian attack on, 27 ; palisades built, 28 ; sec- ond Indian attack on, 31 ; great calamity, 31 ; captives from, 33 Hatfield" Equivalent, 47 Hatters, 173 Hawks, R. B., 242 Hawiey, Fred. A., 242 Hawley, John, 144, 242 Hayes, Dennis, 242 Hazzard, Robert, 136, 242 • . Hemenway, Obed, 242 Hibbard, John, 243 Higgins, Henry S., 243 Hill, Jbseph, 243 Hinsdale, Mehuman, 68, 188 Hoar, James H., 243 Hogs, may run at large, 91 Home-life of early settlers 66—9 Hopewell, 58, 188; In- dian camp on, 64 Hopewell brook, 26, 172, 188 Horn-book, 20 Horses, only used for travel, 21, 64, 174 Howes, Micajah, 243 Hubbard, W. M., 243 Incorporation of town, 78, 288 Indians, Norwottucks, 7, 54 J Pocumtucks, 7 ; Indian chiefs, Chick- wallup, 7 ; Umpan- chala, 7 ; Qubnquont, 7 ;' forte, 8 ; corn-fields, 8;; Iffittdis, sale of, 9; reservations, 12 ; an- nual burning of grass, 13 ; first " war, 24 ; swamp ; fight, 26 ; first at® ok, on Hatfield, 27 ; fi^t at Tamer's falls, 29 ; second attack on Hatfield, SI ; third at- tack on Hatfield, 31 ; second war, 49 ; fevor- ite hunting" grounds, 64 ; Hopewell cainp, 54 J miiider- of Richard Church, 54 ; third war, )58 ; scalps, price of,' 69 ; fourth war, 59 Industries, local, 169 Ingraham, David, 141, 146, 148, 243 Inhabitants of Whately 1771, 87 Inns, 179, 181 Island, the 63, 188 Jenney, Reujieu, fam. of 243 Jennings, Stephen, 34 Jeperson, family of 244 Jewett, Charles E., 244 Jewett, Jesse, family of, 244 Johnson, Jonathan, 244 Jones, Eli, 244 Jones, Henry, 144 Judd, Eleazar, 244 Judd, Rev. J. S., 115, 118, 244 Kellogg, Joel, 244 Kelloggi' Joseph, 87, 147, 148, 244 Kellogg, William, 88, 244 Keyes, Stephen, 148, 152, 245 Knapp, S. J,, 245 Labor, price of 73, 146 Lamb, Samuel, 245 Lamson, Amasa, 246 Lamson, John, 141, 146, 172, 181, 246 Landing, Belden's, 182, 291 330 Landing, Stockbiidges, 183, 291 Land, grant of ty ©ovt., 55 Land, 1000 acres to Had- ley, 56 Land, plain, wortliless, 55 Lands, common, prices of 63 Lands, ownership of, 15 ; how divided among settlers, 15 Lane^ Christian, 49, 120, 123 Lane, Kev. J. W., 114, 115,245 5 Larrah?ev Benj., 245 Leonard, Moses H., 245 Lesure, Samuel^ 172, 191, 245 Lexington Alarm, 141 Linsey-woQlsey, 39, 68 Locke, John, 142, 146, 172, 181, 245 Log hiouses, 66 Longley, J. L., 246 Loomis, Abner, fam, o^ 245 Loomis, Jona. C., 162, 175, 246 Lord,:R|BVi Charles, 115, 118, 246 Lottery, 1^ Loveridge^Daniel, 246 Lull, — 246 Lyon, Zebina, 246 Mail facilities, 186 ' Malt, 21, 38, 76 Manning, Horace, 247 Maple sugar, 77 Marcy, Gardner, 149, 247 Marsh, Asa, fam. of, 247 ' Marsh, Elijah, -247 Marsh, Isaac, 162, 247 Masterson, Jeques, 247 Mather, Capt. 4cni., fam. of, 247 ^cClellan, E. B., 247 McC9y, Daniel, 162 . Mcliitjre, ^amuel, 151 Meadow, North or '(Jreat, 11, 16, 17, 29,, 31,50, 66, 60 Meekins, Emmqns, fam. of, 248 ■ ' Meekins, Thqmas, 15, 18, 19 Meeting-house, 104 | divi- sion about location of, 107 ; seating the, 108 Merrick, Perez, 73, 248 " Meslin, 73 Methodist Society, 119 Mill irivef,, 18, 188 Mill Swamp, 187 Mills, woolen, 170, 184 Mincommuok, 11, 12 Miner, J. N., 163, 248 Minute men, 141 Moor, Harffey, 171, 249 Moor, James and Otis, 249 Morey, John, 249 Morton, Daniel, 61, 87, 94, 99, 181, 185, 249, 287 Morton, David, 142, 146, 252 Morton Genealogy, 249 Morton, John, B., 252 Morton, Dea. Levi, 116, 176; 190, 252 Morton, Oliver, 61, 104, 141, 144, 251 Morton, Richard T., 178, * 253 Morton, Simeon, 107, 142, 146,25rl Mosher, Jacob, 142, 263 "Mother George," 27, 48, 49, 63, 262 Muddy Brook, 27 Munroe, Calvin, 253 Munson, Moses, 107, 170, 253 Munson, Renben, 253 Murdock, Samuel, 264 Name of tovni, 82' Nash, Abel W., 178, 193, 264 Nash, Abner, 254 Nash, Jonathan, 266 Nash, Joseph, 168, 264 Nash, Thomas, 170, 193, 254 Nolan, families of, 266 Noon-room, 64, 106 Norton, Oliver, M. D., 189, 266 . North Meadow, 11, 16, 17, 29, 31,-60, 56, 60 Ordination of Rev. Mr. Wells, 99 Officers, town first cho- sen, 90 Oil-mill, 170 Orchards, 76 Orcutt, Stephen, 151, 171, }74, 255 Oroutt,''Theodora, 71, 72 Oxeij, for labor, 21, 64 Palisades, 7, 28, 49 'I^arisb, First, . organized, 113 Parker, Abraham, 61, 136; 256 Parker, Benjamin, 144, 147, US', 266 Parker Genealogy, 255 Parker, Rev James, 119 Pastures, 43 Peas, 18, 73 Pease, Hosea, 256 Pease, Jabez, 198, 256 Peas.e, Solomon, 266 Petition for Act of Incor- poration, 288 Petition for tax on lands, 286 Phelps, Edward, 182, 191, 266 Phillips, Richard, 266 Physicians, 189 ^ Pierce, Jonathan; 266 ' Pillars, the seven, 19 Planting, time of, 74 Pocket-books, 179 Polls and estates, 1771, 87 Polls, ratable, 1777, 90 PoUsand estates, 1786, 90 Poplar spring, 26, 181, • 188 Population, statistics of, 189-90 iPo;st office, 186 Potatoes, 76, 186 Pottery and stone ware, , 174 Potter, families of, 256 Powers, families of, 266 Pratt, Aaron, 144, 149, . 256 Pratt, Capt. Amos, 161, 170, 256 Preaching in Whately, 93, 94. Prices and values, 1760, 73 Prices and values, 1777, 146 Prutt, George,99, 194, 256 Pudding, Indian, 64, 67, 74- Pumpkms, 75 Quinn, Edmund, 256 Quonquont, 7, 12 Rates, country, 50, 51 Rebellion, Shays'; 159 Rebellion, the 1861-6, ■ 162-8 iReed, Simeon, 162, 176, 266 331 Keed, Thomas, 29 BepresentativeB to Gen. Court, 193 Beviyals, 110 Kevolutionary War, 137- 53 Bice, ReT. Lorenzo, 119 Kichardson.Winslow, 257 Rifle Green's, 161-2 . Bead through Egypt, 48, 123 Boads, .private, 49 Boads, public, 48, 120 Boaiing brook, 172 Hobinson, Hiram, 257 Bogers, Benj,, fam.. of, 257 Bosevelt, Jaeob, 175, 257 .Buddock, Edward, ,257 Bun of Yarn, 72 Sabbath, regard for, 43, 63, 149, 262 Sabbath School,, 116 Sanderson, Bey. Alonzo, 117 Sanderson, Bey. Alyan, 116 Sanderson, Dayid, 260 Sanderson, Joseph, 61, 185, 267 Sanderson, Bea. Thomas, 64, 81, .141, 146, 147, 172, 186, 190, 191, 193, 267 Sartle, Xathaniel, 62, 137, 142, 148, 260 Saunders, Bea. Bayid, 116, 171,, 260 S4V-miUs,^Beldin's, 172 ; Belding's, 69 ; Brown's, 69 ; Morton's, 169 ; Taylor's, 69, 104 ■ Saw-pits, 17 Schools, 19, 20, 21, 127- 134 School books, 20 School, English, 129 School, Select, 134 Scott, Abel, 66, 142, 146, 148^ 149, 151, 162, 261' Scott, Benjamin, 88, 260 Scott, Bayid, 61, 64, 66, 93, 99, 105, 261 Scott, Joseph, (see errata) 60, 87, 262 Scott, Josiah, 57, 60, 260 Scott, Theodora, 71, 260 Scott, Tradition, 60 Scott, William, 38, 260 Seating the meeting- house, 108 Secpnd Cong. Church,118 Selectmen, 1!9D Sexton,' Calyin, Baniel, Bufus, 263 Seymour, Bey. C. N., 113, 116, 263 Shad fishery, 186 Bhattuck, Capt> O., 62, 142, 162, 263 Shays' rebellion, 169 Shingles, 17 Sienna, 183 Singing. 116 Slaves in Whately, 194 Smith, Benjamin, 88, 91, .199, 141, 142, 143, 147, 263 Smith, Goodman Elisha, . 60, 88, 263 Snuth, Gilbert, 268 Smith, Bea. James, 116, , 170, 268 Smith, Joel W., 268 Smith, John, 107, 129, 141, 142, 148, 159, 190, 193, 268 Smith, Philip, 87, 91, 99, ,136, 143, 147, 263', 287 Smith, Miss Sophia, 21 Snow, Lemuel, 268 Snow Shoes, 69 Soldiers' pay and rations, 50, 149 Soldiers' bounties, 1^1, 152, 162 Soldiers, lists of, 136-7 ; 141-53; 162; .163-8; 292 founding board, 108 Spafford, Jonathan, 142, 143, ,149, 268 Spinning, law lequirangj 42 Springs, chalybeate, 187 Starks, John, 107, 268 Steamboats on Conn. river, 183, 288 Stearna, Aaron S., 269 Stedman, Samuel W., 269 Stiles, Capt. Henry, 87, 90, 136, 141, 159, 269 Stockbridge, Bayid, Sen., 146, 269 Stockbridge, Bavid, Jr., 181, 183, 190, 269, 288, 291 Story tellers, 69 Straits, the, 48, 60, 120 Strong,' Harrison B.^ 270 Sugar-loaf brook, 12, 26, 188 Sugar-loaf mountain, 7, 11, 25 m meeting- house, 106 Swamp fight, 25. Swamp, Great, 124, 187 Swamp, .Mill, 188 Swamp, Wet, 68, 188 Swift, Heman, iam> of 270 iSwift water men, 289 Tan houses, 70, 172 Taverns, 179, 181 Taxes, burden of, 50 Taxes, paid in grain, 18, 22, 51 Tax on faculty, 172 Tax, pall, on females, 61 Tax on lands, petition for 286 Taylor, Adonijah, 69, 86, 124, 142, 172, 270 -Temple, Rev. J. )H., 113, 114, 271 Thayer, Caa^b L., 271 Timber scarce, 14 Tobacco, .175 ; Seed-leaf, 176 ; curious law con- cerning, 177 Todd, Rev. Asa, 119, 271 Tories, 154 Tow-cloth, 70 Tower, Hannah, 271 Trask, John, thetory, 166 Treasurers, Town, 191 Train, Peter, fam. of, 61, 87, 91, 93,. 129, 271 Trumbull's hill, J88 Turkeys, ■wild, 54 Turner, Abraham, 61, 87, 91, 146, 272 Turner, Otis,. 272 Turner's Falte fight, 29 Turnips, 76 Tute, Keziah, 272 Timber and Sienna, 183 TJmpanchala, 7 ; his fort, 8, 48 Unitarian Society, 119 Valuation, 190 Yalues and prices 1760, 73 Values and prices, 1777, 146 Votes for Governor, 1781- 1871, 292 Wages of labor, 73, 145 Wages of soldiers, SO Wait, Sergt. Benjamin, 29, 33, 68 Wait, Canada, 36 332' Wait, Consider, 149, 273 Wait, Elihu, 142, 146, 272 Wait Genealogy, 272 Wait, Jeremiah, 137, 276 Wait, Landlord Joel, 141,, 142, 146, 148, 272 Wait, Joel, 277 Wait, Sergt. John, 67, 60, 87, 99, 141, 146, 186, 190, 272 Wait, John, 277 Wait, Jonathan, 170, 273 Wait, Nathan, 276 Wait, Seth, 87, 137, 186, 272 Wait, Dea. Simeon, 61, 87, 99, 190, 275 Walker, Jacob, 143, 146, 160, 277 Wallets, 179 Walls or WaUis, John, 151 Wampum, 10 Warner, Edwin, 277 Warner, F. Y., 171, 278 Warner, Jesse, 277 Warner, Luther, fam, of, 277 Warning out of town, 91, 92 Wars, first Indian, 24 ; No. Whites slain, 1675, 28 ; Second Indian, 49 ; third Indian, 58 ; fourth Indian, 59 ; French and Indian, 135 ; Bevolu- tion, 137-153 ; war of 1812, 160 ; Kebellion of 1861, 162-8 Watches and wards, 49 Weavers, 73 Weaving, 66, 70 Weekioannuck brook, 12, 188 Weeks, Kobert D., 278 Wells, Elisha, 143, 146, 147, 278 . ■ Wells Genealogy, 27.8 Wells, John, -39 Wells, Capt. LiAe, 173, 191, 193, 281 Wells, Noah, 61, 86, 140, ■ 143, 158, 159, 190, 278, 287 WellSi Rev. Kufus, first preacher in Whately, 93; called, 94; settle- ment, 94 1 sketch of life of, 11.0-12 ; public his- " tory, 114 ; extracts from Account book of, 71, 93, 150, 176 ; fam. of, 280, 287 Wells, Rev. R. P., 117, 281 Wells, Thomas, 191, 280 Wequomps mountain, 7, 11 West Brook, 169 Wet Swamp, 58 Wharf, Stockbridge's, 183, 291 Whately, Thomas, 83-86 Whately; settled, 60 ; set- tlers, 60-62 ; Name of, 82 ; trials of first set- tlers, 63-66; daily life of, 66 ; petition for act of incorporation, 288 ; incorporated, 78 ; part of Deerfield annexed, 81 ; list of inhabitants ■ of 1771, 87 ; who en- titled to habitance, 81, 92 Wheat, 18, 22, 73 White, Daniel, 15, 68 White Genealogy, 281 ' White, Luther, 283 .White, Capt. Salmon, 61, 90, 99, 115, 137, 140, 141, 146, 146, 147, 161, 158, 190, 191, 192, 193, 281, 286 White, William, 283 Wilcox, L. S. and David,. 283 Williams, Charles, 283 Wills, Samuel, 283 WincheU, Reuben, 186, 283 Wing, Samuel, 284 Wing, William, 171 Witch story, 69 Wolves, 194 Women's work, 21, 66, 67, 73 Wood, John, family of, 284 Wood, Samuel C.j 284 Woods, family of, 284 Woodward, Wesley, 285 Wright, Seth, Sen., 148 Wright, Wid. Abigail, 285 Wrisley, Lyman, family of, 285 Wunckcompss brook, 11 Yam, flaxen, 70 Yarn, a "run" of, 72 ERRATA. Page 3, line 4 from the bottom, for 'practical,' readj ' practiced.' Page 24, line 17, for ' of,' read ' up.' Page 60, line 21, for ' Beryamin,' read 'Joseph.' Page 198, line 13, for ' Lara,' read ' Lura.' Page 201, line 17 from the bottom, for ' hs,' read ' she.' Page 213, line 6, for ' MiUer,' read 'Mellen.'