HAVERFORD LIBRARY COLLECTION OF CUNEIFORM TABLETS OR DOCUMENTS FROM THE TEMPLE ARCHIVES OF TELLOH EDITED BY George Aaron Barton Professor in Bryn Mawr College PART I. THE JOHN C. WINSTON COMPANY HEADLEY BROTHERS 1006-1016 ARCH STREET 14, BISHOPSGATE STREET WITHOUT Philadelphia, Pa., U. S. A. London, E. C. fytmll Hmrmitg pilrOTg BOUGHT WITH THE INCOME FROM THE SAGE ENDOWMENT FUND THE GIFT OF 1891 4.10.0.110. b/^jl Mim "^ PJ 4053.HM " """"""^ "-'""^ 3 1924 026 822 837 :^y '/m Cornell University Library The original of this book is in the Cornell University Library. There are no known copyright restrictions in the United States on the use of the text. http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924026822837 THE HAVERFORD LIBRARY COLLECTION OF CUNEIFORM TABLETS HAVERFORD LIBRARY COLLECTION OF CUNEIFORM TABLETS OR DOCUMENTS FROM THE TEMPLE ARCHIVES OF TELLOH EDITED BY George Aaron Barton Professor in Bryn Mawr College PART I. THE JOHN C. WINSTON COMPANY 1006-1016 ARCH STREET Philadelphia, Pa., U. S. A. HEADLEY BROTHERS 14, BISHOPSGATE STREET WITHOUT London, E. C. 9 PIIILANXPHIA. TO HAVERFORD COLLEGE MY ALMA MATER INTRODUCTION. The one hundred and seventeen new texts here presented are the first of the Haverford Library Collection of cuneiform tablets to be published. This collection, consisting of four hundred tablets, was purchased in New York in the autumn of 1901 and presented to Haverford College by T. Wistar Brown, President of the Corporation of that college/ During the winter of 1901-1902 a catalogue of the collection was prepared, but my departure for Palestine in Jtuie, 1902, made further work upon these tablets impossible until the autumn of 1903. Since then they have received such time as could be spared from other studies and the duties of instruction. As these conditions of work will make it impossible to complete the editorial labor upon the whole collection for some years, it has seemed best to issue the text in parts, so that the material may be accessible to scholars with as little delay as possible. With the last part a sign list and vocab- ulary will be issued. Although the tablets were ptirchased in New York, there is reason to believe, as the title of this work indicates, that they came originally from Tdloh. Since some peculiar claims have mce of tablets purchased in the mar- the reasons which lead me to believe the temple archives of Telloh. The 1 the ken of his fellow- workers. The ERRATA. Var,.> rr. Mr, oo^ ,^,, ^u ^^ ^^ ' ^ ^ A jri- Iscovcrcd a chamber wMch coutalued rage 10, JNo. 220, rev., place period at end of line 3. ad. There were so many that it was Page 10, No. 144. rev., 1. 3. begin line with capital T. . ^^^^ ^^ ^j^^^ j^^^y tablets were Page II, No. 193, rev. 1. 7, read to instead of of. ?5, 1898, and 1900 somewhat similar Page 16, Col. IV, 1. 9, place comma instead of period at the end of the line Hammurabi, — ^tablets, too, of similar d for sale in different parts of the ve been published in Cuneiform Texts III, V, Vn, IX, and X. The Royal Q, which were published in 1901 as iiv^jL.. ^j. , ^ ^^ ^^^^ ^.^ -^^^^ — o ischen Sammlungen by Reisner tinder the title Tempelurkunden aus Telloh. These publications contain texts similar in nature and appearance to those which came to the Louvre from Telloh, a part of which M. Thureau-Dangin published in his Tablettes chaldeennes inedites, 1897, and Recueil de tablettes chaldeennes, 1903. M. Thtireau-Dangin assures me in a private letter that the Louvre contains many unpublished tab- iThey were purchased of Mr. GuUabi Gulbenkian, A brief notice of the collection was published in the American Journal of ArchcEology, Vol. VI (1902), p. 36 ff. 2Cf. Revue d'Assyriologie, Vol. Ill, No. iv, pp. 118 ff., Vol. IV, No. i, pp. 13 flf., ibid. No. iii, pp. 69 ff., Vol. V, No, iii, pp. 67 £E., Comptes rendus de I'Acad^mie des Inscriptions, 1896, pp. 355 ff., Rogers, History of Babylonia and Assyria, igoo, Vol. I, p. 238, and M. Thureau-Dangin, Recueil de tablettes chaldeennes, 1903, p. i. INTRODUCTION. The one hundred and seventeen new texts here presented are the first of the Haverford Library Collection of cuneiform tablets to be published. This collection, consisting of four hundred tablets, was purchased in New York in the autumn of 1901 and presented to Haverford College by T. Wistar Brown, President of the Corporation of that college/ During the winter of 1901-1902 a catalogue of the collection was prepared, but my departure for Palestine in June, 1902, made further work upon these tablets impossible until the autumn of 1903. Since then they have received such time as could be spared from other studies and the duties of instruction. As these conditions of work will make it impossible to complete the editorial labor upon the whole collection for some years, it has seemed best to issue the text in parts, so that the material may be accessible to scholars with as little delay as possible. With the last part a sign list and vocab- ulary will be issued. Although the tablets were purchased in New York, there is reason to believe, as the title of this work indicates, that they came originally from Telloh. Since some peculiar claims have been made of late as to power to divine the original provenance of tablets purchased in the mar- kets of the world, a few words may be in place concerning the reasons which lead me to believe that the Haverford Library Collection was once a part of the temple archives of Telloh. The present writer lays no claim to powers of divination beyond the ken of his fellow-workers. The reasons, then, are as follows: 1. In 1894 the workmen of M. de Sarzec at Telloh discovered a chamber which contained an immense number of tablets — estimated at thirty thousand. There were so many that it was impossible for M. de Sarzec and his assistants to properly care for them. Many tablets were accordingly stolen by the Arabs. In the campaigns of 1895, 1898, and 1900 somewhat similar finds were made.^ 2. Since 1894 many tablets of the period before Hammurabi, — tablets, too, of similar varieties, form, clay and palaeography, — have been offered for sale in different parts of the world. The British lyiuseum has acquired many, which have been published in Cuneiform Texts From Babylonian Tablets in the British Museum, Parts I, III, V; VII, IX, and X. The Royal Museum at Berlin acquired some three hundred and ten, which were published in 1901 as Heft XVI of the Museum's Mittheilungen aus den Orientalischen Sammlungen by Reisner imder the title Tempelurkunden aus Telloh. These publications contain texts similar in nature and appearance to those which came to the Louvre from Telloh, a part of which M. Thureau-Dangin published in his Tablettes chald^ennes in&dites, 1897, and Recueil de tablettes chaldeennes, 1903. M. Thureau-Dangin assures me in a private letter that the Louvre contains many unpublished tab- iThey were purchased of Mr. GuUabi Gulbenkian. A brief notice of the collection was published in the American Journal of ArchcBology, Vol. VI (1902), p. 36 £E. 2Cf. Revue d'Assyriologie, Vol. Ill, No. iv, pp. 118 fl., Vol. IV, No. i, pp. 13 ff., ibid. No. iii, pp. 69 fl., Vol. V, No. iii, pp. 67 ff., Comptes rendus de I'Acad^mie des Inscriptions, 1S96, pp. 355 ff-, Rogers, History of Babylonia and Assyria, 1900, Vol. I, p. 238, and M. Thureau-Dangin, Recueil de tablettes chaldeennes, 1903, p. i. lets of the same kind as those contained in the pubhcations of the Museums of London and Ber- Hn. The General Theological Seminary of New York City acquired in 1896, through the gen- erosity of Dean Hoffman, a collection of cuneiform tablets, a part of which consists of tablets similar in form and contents to those imder discussion. Some of these were published by Radau as an appendix to his Early Babylonian History. The American Vice-Consul at Jerusalem, Mr. Herbert Clark, has also a small collection of tablets of a similar character which he kindly per- mitted me to examine. They are evidently from the same source. A gentleman in Philadelphia has also recently acquired a small collection of the same nature and style. The Haverford tablets, as may be seen from a comparison of those published below with those contained in the works mentioned, are of the same period and the same varieties. The only reasonable conclusion is that de Sarzec's discovery explains why so many such tablets have been offered for sale in different parts of the world. 3. An internal study of the tablets supports this conclusion. Girsu, Nina, Kintmir, and Tigabba, — all parts or suburbs of the city which once flourished on the site of Telloh, — are mentioned more often than other towns. The theophorous proper names contained in these texts bear the names of Ningirsu, Bau, Nina, Nana, Ninmar, Ningishzida, and Ninshah, — all gods of this town, — more frequently than those of other deities. For these reasons it is believed that the sub-title of this work is justified. In spite of all claims to the contrary, there is no infallible Assyriological wizard capable of discerning the prov- enance of tablets in the absence of objective evidence which will appeal to other specialists. It is not pretended that such a wizard resides chez nous. If, therefore, the above reasons do not convince the reader, he is at liberty to believe that the source of these tablets is tonknown. For the benefit of the friends of Haverford College who are not Assyriologists a few words about Telloh may not be out of place. Telloh is a mound more than four miles long in southern Babylonia, about sixty miles north of Mugheir, the Biblical Ur of the Chaldees. Excavations were begun here by M. de Sarzec, the French constd at Bassorah, in March, 1877. De Sarzec dug for three months in 1877, more than three months in 1878, about four months in 1880, two months and a half in 1881 and many times afterward until his recent death. He has dug system- atically, unearthing palaces and temples of the highest antiquity, and bringing to light a most remarkable city. Many inscribed objects have been recovered, the most remarkable of which is the so-called Stele of Vxdttires, bearing an inscription of Eannadu who reigned about 4100 B. C, and eleven diorite statues of Gudea who ruled about 3000 B. C. Thousands of tablets have also been recovered. From these inscribed objects we learn that the city which created the mound of Telloh was called Shirpurla, and that it consisted in reality of fotir other cities, Girsu, Nina, Erim, and Uruazagga. Kinunir and Tigabba were also either parts of it or suburbs of it. Each settle- ment was originally independent. The oldest king of this region of whom we know, Urkagina, about 4300 B. C, calls himself simply King of Girsu. Soon, however, one niler governed all under the name Shirpurla. Early Babylonian history is a record of struggle for hegemony between different cities. In this struggle Shirpurla at times had preeminence. Then her rulers called themselves kings. Often, however, Shirpurla was the vassal of another state; then her rulers called themselves Patesi. Some of these, like Gudea, were powerful monarchs and practically independent. At the time from which our tablets come, the period of the third dynasty of Ur, about 2400 B. C, the kings of Ur had usurped all power and the Patesi were mere shadows. The tablets here pubHshed are from the reigns of Dungi, Bur-Sin II, and Gimil-Sin of the third dynasty of Ur. The texts pubHshed in this part are with one exception dated. It was thought best to publish the dated tablets first. An attempt has been made to group the tablets bearing the same date together, but as the tablets are of different sizes the exigencies of space frequently made a different order necessary. Other considerations sometimes led me to depart from this order, but broadly speaking the texts below are grouped according to date. The language in which these tablets are written is Sumerian, the tongue of the pre-Semitic inhabitants of Babylonia. It has been shown that the inhabitants of Shirpurla were Semites,^ but that they learned their writing from the Sumerians, and while they probably spoke Semitic the force of custom was such that down to the conquest by the city of Babylon they continued to employ the Sumerian for writing. From the earliest times, however, the native Semitic idiom made itself apparent.'* Similar Semitic idiom appears in our texts: e. g., in No. i8, IV, 10, pi. 9 the use of ana as a preposition instead of the use of a post-position is due to Semitic idiom. Also in No. 324, 1. 2., pi. 19 we have: AZAG ka-lum, "the money in full, " kalum being the Semitic kalu, Hebrew, 73 A comparison of No. 61, IV, 10 (pi. i) with OBI. No. 125, 5, affords us a new Sumerian ideograph, BA-AN-LIL being synonymous witk BA-TU, " to bring in." The whole class of tablets, to which the Haverford Library Collection belongs, are of a business and administrative character. This holds good of the texts here published. It is cus- tomary in some quarters to undervalue such tablets in comparison with religious texts, which usually are of a mythological or magical character. I would by no means undervalue the relig- ious tablets, but would nevertheless maintain that the value of economic texts is quite as great. When the temple records and business documents from Babylonia have been published in siaf- ficiently large numbers and have been adequately studied, it will be possible to form a picture of the economic environment of an ancient people such as can be made of no other people of antiquity known to us, and this picture will, I believe, prove to be of no less value to the study of religion than to the study of political institutions. Not the least valuable aspect of these texts is their contribution to historical knowledge. They come from a time when there was no fixed era, and records were dated from important events. A glance at the dates given in the register of tablets below will afford a good example of the way in which these business documents portray the political conditions of the times, giving us a record of wars, raids and conquests of which we often have no other information than that which such tablets afford. Sometimes these tablets relate to private business. This is the case with No. 340, pi, 36, which records that six slaves of one man worked two months in the field of another. Another instance occurs in No. 183, pi. 18, where one man receives four earthen-ware jars from another. This is partially the case with No. 334, pi. 36, where we have the payment to the temple of the principal of a loan, the interest remaining unpaid. Sometimes the business transacted was, perhaps, of a political nature. We are in doubt whether the lists of amounts of grain, such as No. 18, pi. 9, translated below, were records of taxes paid in kind, or the payment of rents from fields of the temple estates, which had been leased to various individuals. The latter alternative is probably nearer the truth, since care was taken to withdraw the seed grain, which had probably been advanced by the temple or the tenant » Cf. the writer's Semitic Origins, pp. 185, 186; also 186 n, 1. • Cf. Radau, Early Babylonian History, pp. 145-147. at the beginning of the season. The Haverford Library Collection contains records of the assign- ments of tracts of land to different individuals. One of these, No. 193, pi. 30, is translated below. Variotis phases of the management of the arable fields of the temple and the collection of income from them are recorded in No. 61, pi. i ; No. 24, pi. 16 ; No. 102, pi. 21 ; No. 26, pi. 22 ; No. 91, pi. 31; No. 81, pi. 32, 33; No. 393, pi. 37; No. 20, pi. 40; No. 60, pi. 41; No. 63, pi. 42; and No. 35. pl- 45- Connected with the temple were a large number of priests, scribes, women, slaves, and officers of various kinds. The names of some of these are well known, although we cannot yet determine the functions of each. One class, the name of which occurs frequently in oiu" tablets, is in Sumerian A-RU-A. One of these (pi. 3, No. 17, IV, 12) takes an ox away from a herd. Another (pi. 15, No. 45) offers an expensive list of sacrifices. In pi. 23, No. 29, cols. II, III, and IV, are a number of A-RU-A, each standing at the head of a list of women to whom amounts of wool for clothing were assigned. Apparently, therefore, the A-RU-A had charge of the de- voted ones^ or the sacred women. Evidently, they were men of dignity and authority." A large number of these tablets contain records of the quantities of grain or other rations, or the quantities of wool for clothing, which were assigned to the staff of temple officials.' Such are Nos. 379, pi. 2; 257, pi. 6; 396, pi. 8; 29, pi. 23, 24; 54, pi. 24; 66, pi. 25; 74, pi. 26; 248, pi. 28; 30, pi. 29; 246, pi. 30; 68, pi. 43; and 272, pi. 49. Special messengers were sometimes sent out, for whom special provision of food, drink and oil was made. Such seems to be the meaning of No. 217, pi. 43. The temple apparently also owned a large number of boats to ply on the canals and bring in the produce of the fields. No. 188, pi. 49 (translated below), gives the number of these and their capacity at a certain date. It is true that they are attributed by the tablet to a certain man, but he was probably the officer in charge of them, since the temple kept a record of them. Connected with the temple estates were also extensive pasture lands. Herds of cattle, sheep, goats and asses were each year entrusted to different shepherds to graze on these lands. At certain times "round ups" of these cattle were made, and a record of the state of the herds taken. Such records are contained in Nos. 17, pi. 3 (translated below); 370, pi. 20; and 80, pi. 34, 35. The shepherds were held to strict account for losses occurring through their neglect, but were not responsible for losses by accident or wild beasts unless due to carelessness.^ At the " round ups ' ' the increase of the herd was noted, as well as the losses. Animals taken awa}' for any purpose, such as labor or sacrifice, were not counted as losses, but were included under a separate entry. Tablets of the sheep-shearing time recorded the wool received from the sheep of the flock, classed according to age. Such is No. 3, pi. 38, 39. In the tablets of these classes published in the present work one or two lexical items of interest may be noted. In pi. 3, No. 17, IV, 3, RUG-RUG is used after a singular. Radau {Early Babylonian History, p. 349 ff.) notes that, except in the text OBI. 126 RUG, is singular and RUG-RUG plural. Our text is proof that the rule was subject to other exceptions. A more interesting case is PUHAD-NU-UR. Radau (pp. cit. p. 357) renders it "sucking lambs, " and (p. 399) argues that this is right because in the enumeration of wools the PUHAD-NU-UR 'Cf. Code of Hammurabi, §§ no, 127, and 178-182. «CTBM. X. No. 14313, I. 10 says of an A-RU-A, NE ERIM E-dingir-NINA, "who is a man of the temple of Nina." 'Cf. Johns, Babylonian and Assyrian Laivs, Contracts and Letters, 1904, ch. XX, on "The functions and organization of the temple." 'Cf. Code of Hammurabi, §§ 263-267. produced none. Reisner (Tempel Urkunden, p. 6) renders it "tmgeschomes(?)." In No. 3, pi. 38, of our texts we find evidence that both are mistaken, since weights of the wool of the PUHAD-NU-UR are twice given, (cf. II, 2 and III, 7). Other phases of temple life are reflected in these texts. For example, No. 297, pi. 36, gives the provision for three feast days, while No. 229, pi. 49, is the record of two oxen appointed for sacrifice at the temple at Bau on certain days. One tablet, No. 113, pi. 18, records the establishment of an office of food-making (or food- makers), while another. No. 144, pi. 50, records the appointment of two clerks in an office of accounts. One of the most interesting of the tablets here published is No. 220, pi. 36. It records the establishment of a park in the city-section Girsu by the son of the Patesi UR-LAMA — the Patesi whom M. Thureau-Dangin restored to history a few years ago.^ The text is translated below. Most of the tablets which mention places at all mention those near Shirptirla, though a number of other Babylonian cities are mentioned also. No. 288, pi. 30, is, however, a record of rations deposited at Susa.^° These texts contain one or two items of historical interest. For example, in No. 91, pi. 31, VIII, 7, 8, we read GU ID KIS-GIM GUB [E] dingir-DUN-GI LUGAL-E: "on the bank of the canal Kishgim, he built [the palace] of Dungi, the king." Cf. Reisner, op. cit. No. 117, VII. 23-26. The context in which this stands will be found chronologically valuable. No. 81, pi. T^T,, VIII, 13, presents a date which I have not noticed elsewhere. It reads: MU-US-SA MA-SU-SA-SAHAR dingir-DA-GAN BA-RU, "the year after the MA-SU-SA-SAHAR of Dagon was built. ' ' MA indicates that the structure was a ship, but it is, perhaps, a variant of E. If so, this is the year after that mentioned in Reisner 's Urkunden, No. 122, II, 4, where we read MU E-SU-SA-SAHAR (dingir)-DA-GAN BA-RU," " the year the E-SU-SA- SAHAR of Dagon was built", and would be identical with the year mentioned in Reisner ibid., IX, ^^ I. Probably these two years are the same as those which Radau finds in the E. A. Hoff- man collection. No. loi, but if his transliteration is correct (the text is not published), the wording is still different there. If this identification is correct, the date belongs to the reign of Dungi. It may, however, be that the "ship" was made at a different time from the temple, in which case this is a new date. Another new date is found in No. 37, pi. 5, MU MA-TEMEN-MUH BA-GIM: " The year the ship Temen-muh was consecrated. ' ' To what reign this year belongs I do not know. Still another interesting date is that of No. 61, pi. i: MU dingir-SIS-KI KAR-ZI- [DA] E-AN-NA BA-AN-LIL, "the year Nan-nar Kar-zi-da was brought into the house of Anu. " This is probably a variant of OBI. No. 125, 5 — a date in the reign of Dungi. Translations of specimens of the various classes of tablets represented here are appended. »Cf. Rivue semitique, 1897, p. 74 ff. '°Cf. the ideogram with the ideogram for Susa in Scheil's Textcs Hamiles simitiques, passim; in de Morgan and Scheil's DUegation en Perse, Vol. II., pi. 12, and p. 59, and Vol. VI, p. 6. "This date occurs also in CTBM. IX, No. 18437. i^This date is also found in CTBM. VII, Nos. 13165, 18391, and 18397; IX, Nos. 13657, 18367, 19715, and 21137, also X, No. 21429. In VII, No. 12927 the year after this last is mentioned. lO Obv. Rev. Rev. The Establishment of a Park No. 220, PL 36. Obv. I 1. DC SAR GAN GIS-SAG 2. C SAR GAN KI-GAL 2. 3. BA-BI-ZI-MU NU-GIS-SAR 3. 4. SU-NIGIN DC SAR GAN GIS-SAG 4- 5. SU-NIGIN C SAR GAN KI-GAL s- 6. GIS-SAR GID-DA 6. 1. LUGAL-SIG-GID Rev. i. 2. DUMU UR-dingir-LAMA PA-TE-SI 2. 3. SA GIR-SU-KI 3. 4. GIR LUGAL-MA-GUR-US-SUKKAL 4. 5. ITU EZIN-dingir-DUN-GI 5. 6. MU Dingir-BUR-dingir-EN-ZU LUGAL-E 6. UR-BIL-LUM-KI BA-HUL 600 shars of land planted with palm trees, 100 shars of wooded land, Babizimu being gardener, a total of 600 shars of land planted with palms, a total of 100 shars of wooded land, as a park joined, Lugalsiggid, son of Ur-Lama the Patesi, In Girsu, Witness : Lugalmagurussukkal Month Bui the year the divine Bur-Sin the king, de- stro3red Urbillum. Obv. 1. MA-DUB-BA 2. DUP-PU-DA 3. UR-dingir-BA-U SIS GAL-KAL-LA 4. dingir-LAMA-URU-NA 5. SA GIR-dingir-NIN-SAH 1. DUMU DA-DA 2. NI-GAL 3. MU dingir-GIMIL-dingir-EN-ZU LUGAL SIS-AB-KI-MA E 4. E-dingir-GAL GIS-UH-KI MU-RU An Appointment to Clerkships No. 144, PI. so. Obv Rev. I. Office 2. of accounts 3- Ur-Bau, brother of Galkalla, J . Lamauruna 5- and Gir-Ninshah I. son of Dada 2. has appointed. 3- the year Gimil-Sin, king of Ur, the temple 4. the temple of the great god, Gish-uh built. Obv. Rev. Rev. Obv. CLXXVII . . KI-UR-AB-BA-TA MU-GAR-RA-KU UR-dingir-BABBAR SU-BA-TI ITU SE-KIN-KUD Receipt for Dates. No. 329, PI. 47. KA-LUM GUR Obv. 1. 177 Talents 2. from Urabba 3. for a possession 4. Ur-Shamash Rev. I. has received. 2. Month Adar, of dates, MU GU-ZA dingir-EN-LIL BA-GIM 3. the year the throne of Bel was erected. List of Ships. No. 188, PL 49. XXV MA LX GUR Obv. i V MA L GUR 2 X-LAL-I MA XL GUR 3 X MA XXX GUR USU-U GIR UR-GIS-ZIKUM DUMU GI-NI-MU Rev. ITU SE-KIN-KUD UD-BA V BA-NI MU HU-HU-NU-RI-KI BA-HUL 25 Ships of 60 talents (burden), 2. 5 ships of 50 talents, 3. 10 minus i ships of 40 talents, 4. 10 ships of 30 talents 5. of Ushu. 1. Witness : Urgishzjkum, son of Ginimu 2. Month Adar, daysth 3. the year Huhunuri was destroyed. II Obv. Rev. No. 2 V KA GAS-GUB III KA GAR IV GIN NI-GIS EN-SAM-MI-NI III KA GAS 6. II KA GAR 1. IV GIN NI 2. A-KAM-A-GAL NINNI-ERIN-KI GUB-NA ITU SE-IL-LA MU HA-AR-SI-KI HU-MUR-TI-KI BA- HUL Record of Provisions Furnished. PI. 30. Obv Rev. 1 . 5 Ka of strong drink, 2. 3 ka of food, 3 . 4 shekels of wood-oil 4. Enshammini, 5. 3 Ka of strong drink, 5. 2 ka of food 1. 4 shekels of oil 2. Akamagal 3. at Susa presented. 4. Month Nisan, 5. the year Harshi and Humurti were destroyed. Obv. I. V SE GUR LUGAL 2. NI-DUB E-NE-LI-TA 3. MA-A-SI-GA 4. DUB UR-dingir-GAL-GIR 5. DUMU A-TU Rev. I. GIR BA-ZI 2. ITU EZIN-NE-SU 3. MU BUR-dingir-EN-ZU LUGAL Seal. 1. UR-dingir-GAL-GIR 2. DUP-SAR 3. DUMU A-TU Receipt for Grain. No. 47, PI. 17. Obv 1. 5 Talents of grain royal quality, 2. has stored at Eneli 3. Maasiga 4. on the account of Ur-Galgir 5. son of Atu. Rev. I. Witness Bazi. 2. Month Tammuz 3. the year Bur-Sin became king. Seal. 1. UR-Galgir, 2. Scribe, 3. son of Atu. Allotment No. 193, Obv. I. XVII GAN DCLXXV SAR GAN-DAMAK 2. XI GAN D SAR GAN SAHAR 3. XIV GAN 525 SAR GAN GIG 4. II GAN DCCCC SAR GAN-A-KAL 5. DCCC SAR GAN ID-BAD 6. NI-DA-MU-NI-GID 7. MU EN-NUN-KI Rev. I. XXXV GAN L SAR GAN-DAMAK 2. XI GAN D SAR GAN SAHAR 3. XI GAN CCL SAR GAN GIS GESTIN 4. XIV GAN D SAR GAN SAHAR GID 5. II GAN DCCCC SAR GAN-DAMAK GID 6. DCCCXXV SAR GAN ID-BAD 7. GAL-dingir-NIN-TI-NI-GID 8. MU HA-AR-SI-KI .... OF Land. PI. 30. Obv. I. 17 Gan 675 shars of good land, 2. II Gan 500 shars of land planted with sahar, 3. 12 Gan 525 shars of land planted with gig, 4. 2 Gan, 900 shars of flooded (?) land, 5. 800 shars of land with a canal wall 6. (to) Nidamunigid 7. the man of Eridu. Rev. I. 35 Gan 50 shars of good land, 2. II Gan 500 shars of land planted with sahar, 3. II Gan 250 shars of land planted with vines, 4. 14 Gan 500 shars of land planted with sahar adjoining (?) 5. 2 Gan 900 shars of good land adjoining (?), 6. 825 shars of land with a canal wall 7. of Gal-Nintinigid. 8. the year of Harshi (and) . 12 Obv. I. MA-DUB-BA 2. GAR-RA-AG 3. UR-dingir-A(?) 4. DUMU NA-BA-SAG 5. SA GAL-BI-MU Rev. I. Gil ID NINA-KI GUB 2. NI-SU-U 3. MU KI-MAS-KI BA-HUL Establishment of a Food-Office. No. 113, PI. 18. Obv. I. 2. 3- 4- 5- Rev. I. An office of food-making Ur-A(?) son of Nabashag and Galbimu on the bank of the canal of Nina set 2. (and) made firm. 3. The year Kimash was destroyed. Receipt for Earthen Jars. No. 183, PL 18. Obv. I. IV PES-HUM Obv. i. 4 earthen jars 2. KI KIN-SA-MU-TA 2. from Kinshamu, 3. SU-SAR-MAL-IM-SE-RA-KU 3. for Shusharmalimshera 4. SU-AB-BA 4. Shuabba Rev. I. DUMU BA-ZI Rev. i. son of Bazi 2. SU-BA-TI 2. has received. 3. ITU EZIN-dingir-BA-U 3. Month Kisleu, 4. MU KI-MAS-KI 4- year of Kimash. Record of Grain Taken in Toll. No. 185, PI. 27. Obv. I. CXXIII SE GUR LUGAL Obv. i. SE AB-BU DUP-SAR-DA ~ 2. KARU ERIM-KI 3. UR-RIN-E-NIGIN 4. RUG-RUG-DAM S- Rev. I. MU-US-SA KI-MAS-KI BA-HUL MU-US- Rev. i. SA-BI 2. 3- 4 5- I. 123 Talents of grain royal quality grain (which) with Abbu, the scribe at the granary of Erim Ur-rinenigin gained. Two years after Kimash was destroyed. Obv. I. DUP BAD(?) 2. MU-BAD KALAM A-UR-A KI KI-NU-NIR-KI NINA-KI SA TIG-AB-BA-KI NI-GAL MU UR-BIL-LUM-KI BA-HUL Memorial of Building a Wall No. 349, PI. 14. Rev. I Rev. Rev. Record of the wall(?) 2. (which) placed 3. the people sent 4. from Kinunir, Nina 1 . and Tigabba. 2. (They) set (it) up. 3. The year Urbillum was destroyed. Obv. I. IV UZ 2. V SU-KAR 3. III'U' 4. V LU URU 5. I PUHAD URU Record of a Sacrifice. No. 45, PI. IS. Obv. I. 4 Goats, 2. 15 she goats, 3. 3 ewes, 4. s rams, 5. I he-lamb, 13 Rev. I. XXXV BIR 2. A-RU-A Dingir-NIN-E-NE-LI-KI 3. UM-A-GI-GI 4. ITU SE-KIN-KUD 5. MU-US-SA KI-MAS-KI BA-HUL Seal. IP-TIR-KALAM DUMU UR-E-AN-NA. Rev. I. 35 kids, 2. the ARUA of the goddess NIN-E-NELI 3. has sacrificed. 4. Month, Adar, 5. the year Kimash was destroyed. Seal. Iptirkalam son of Ur-Eanna. Obv. I. VI KAL 2. URU-TA-NU-TAM-MI 3. ITU GUD-DU-NE-SAR-SAR-TA 4. ITU EZIN-dingir-NE-SU-KU Rev. I. ITU II KAM 2. BAL-MA A-SA BA-RU-GAL 3. DUMU UR-SAG-GA 4. MU Dingir-BUR-dingir-EN-ZU LUGAL Record of Hired Slaves. No. 340, PI. 36. Obv. I. 6 Slaves 2. of Urutunutammi 3. from the month Sivan 4. to the month Tammuz Rev. I. 2 months, 2. dug the field of Barugal 3. son of Urshagga. 4. The year the divine Bur-Sin became king. Receipt for Money. No. 324, PI. 19. Obv. I. XVII MISLA GIN LAL II SE AZAG-UD Rev. i. 17 and J^ shekels of silver, less 2 she, 2. AZAG KA-LUM 2. money in full, 3. KI KALAM-IL-TA 3. from Kalamil Rev. I. LUGAL-dingir-NIN-GIR-SU Rev. i. Lugal-Ningirsu 2. SU-BA-TI 2. has received. 3. MU KI-MAS-KI BA-HUL 3. The year Kimash was destroyed. Obv. I. V GIN AZAG-UD 2. LAL-NI RUG-GA 3. KI UR-dingir-GAL-GIR-GAL-NIN-AN-TA 4. E-GAL-LA BA-AN-LIL Rev. I. GIR UR-dingir-LAMA 2. ITU SU-KUL 3. MU-US-SA Dingir-BUR-dingir-EN-ZU LUGAL. I. Payment of a Loan. No. 334, PI. 36. Obv. I. 5 Shekels of silver 2. minus the interest 3. from Ur-Galgirgalninan 4. Egalla has brought in. Rev. I. Witness: Ur-Lama. 2. Month Ab 3. the year the divine Bur-Sin became king. XXXVI LID AL X LID III IV GUD III X LID II IV LID II SAG LID AL KU 'RouND-up" OF Cattle. No. 17, PI. 3. I. I 6. VI. GUD II 36 Full-grown cows, 10 cows 3 (years old), 4 bullocks 3 (years old), 10 cows 2 (years old), 4 cows 2 (years old) in exchange for full-grown cows. 6 bullocks 2 (years old). 14 7- II GUD II RUG-RUG 8. X LAL I LID I 9. XI GUD I 10. Ill GUD LID 11. GUB-BA-A-AN 12. LAL-NI I GUD III 13. I GUD II 14. LAL-NI-A-AN 15. SU-NIGIN XCV LID HI-A 16. LID GUB-BA-A-AN. II. I. SU-NIGIN II LID HI-A 2. LAL-NI-A-AN 3. UR-SI-IL-LA 4. XXXIV LID AL 5. IV LID III SAG LID AL KU 6. VII LID II 7. I LID II SAG (LID) AL KU 8. XII GUD II 9. X LID I 10. VII GUD I 11. I GUD RUG-RUG 12. Ill GUD-GIS 13. GUB-BA-A-AN 14. LAL-NI I LID AL 15. I AMAR 16. LAL-NI-A-AN 17. SU-NIGIN LXXX'' LAL I LID HI-A III. I. LID GUB-BA-A-AN 2. SU-NIGIN II LID HI-A 3. LAL-NI-A-AN 4. DINGIR-SUKKAL 5. SU-NIGIN LXX LID AL 6. SU-NIGIN X LID III 7. SU-NIGIN IV LID III SAG LID AL KU 8. SU-NIGIN IV GUD III 9. SU-NIGIN XX LAL II LID III 10. SU-NIGIN V LID II SAG LID AL KU 11. SU-NIGIN XX LAL II GUD II 12. SU-NIGIN II GUD II RUG-RUG IV. I. SU-NIGIN XX LAL I LID I 2. SU-NIGIN XX LAL II GUD I 3. SU-NIGIN I GUD I RUG-RUG 4. SU-NIGIN III GUD GIS 5. SU-NIGIN III GUD LID 6. LID GUB-BA-A-AN " The reader will notice that the Babylonian totals are not 7. 2 bullocks 2 (years old) increase, 8. 10 minus i cows i (year old), 9. II bullocks I (year old), 10. 3 bullocks (for) cows. 1 1 . are present. 12. There is missing i bullock 3 (years old). 13. I bullock 2 (years old). 14. They are missing. 15. Total 95 cattle — 16. cattle are present. II. I. Total 2 cattle 2. are missing 3. of Ur-sheilla's. 4. 34 Full-grown cows, 5. 4 cows 3 (years old) in exchange for full- grown cows, 6. 7 cows 2 (years old), 7. I cow 2 (years old) in exchange for a full- grown cow, 8. 12 bullocks 2 (years old), 9. 10 cows I (year old), 10. 7 bullocks I (year old), 11. I bullock increase, 12. 3 full-grown oxen, 13. are present. 14. -There is missing i full-grown cow, 15. I calf. 16. They are missing. 17. Total 80 minus i cattle — III. I cattle are present. 2. Total, 2 cattle 3. are missing 4. of Dingir-sukkal's. 5. Total 70 full-grown cows, 6. Total 10 cows 3 (years old), 7. Total, 4 cows 3 (years old) in exchange for full-grown cows, 8. total 4 bullocks 3 (years old), 9. total, 20 minus 3 cows 2 (years old), 10. total, 5 cows 2 (years old) in exchange for full-grown cows, 11. total, 20 minus 2 bullocks 2 (years old), 12. total, 2 bullocks 2 (years old) increase, IV. I. total, 20 minus i cow i (year old), 2. total, 20 minus 2 bullocks i (year old), 3. total, I bullock i (year old) increase, 4. total 3 full-grown -oxen, 5. total 3 bulls (for) cows, — 6. (these) cattle are present. always accurate. IS 7. SU-NIGIN I LID AL 8. SU-NIGIN I GUD III 9". SU-NIGIN I GUD II 10. SU-NIGIN I AMAR 11. LAL-NI-A-AN 12. (GUD ZIG-GA-NE-NE A-RU-A-TA KI-BA- BA-A-GAR). 13. LID GUB-BA 14. NIN-KAL-LA 15. SIG GIR-SU-KI 16. UR-dingir-LAMA 17. PA-TE-SI 18. MU-US-SA AN-SA-AN-KI BA-HUL Record of Quantities of Grain No. 18, I. I. GUR SE LUGAL SI-NI-IB SA-BI-TA CLXXX DUB GAL-BI-MU MU-GUB UR-IM-NUN CXXVI XXXVIII PARAB KA GUR SE-KUL-TA GUR-RA CLXXX SE-AMAR BA-BAT SU-NIGIN VII XLVIII PARAB KA GUR SA-BI-TA V DUB-BA-NI I XXV KA GUR DUB-BI il A-AN DUB UR-dingir-NINA DUMU NA-BA- SAG MU-GUB LAL-NI I XXIII PARAB KA GUR UR-dingir-BA-U LXVI XXX KA GUR LAL-NI SE-KUL SA-BI-TA LXVI XXX KA GUR [I. I. DUB UR-dingir-NINA DUMU NA-BA-SAG MU-GUB -URU-KI E-dingir-NIN-DAR-A XCIX GUR SE-KUR-RA UD-BA-BAT SA-BI-TA XCIX GUR DUB GAL-BI-MU ■MU-GUB GAL-NA-AS-E-LA-KI DUMU BA-A I. 2. 3- 4- S- 6. 7' 8. 9- 10. II, 12. 13' 14, IS 16 17 18 19, 20 21 22. I, 2. 3. 4. 5- 6. 7- 8. 9- 10. II. 7. Total I full-grown cow, 8. total I bullock 3 (years old), 9. total I bullock 2 (years old), 10. total, I calf, 11. are missing. 12. (A bullock they have taken away for the Arua, Kibabaagar). 13. The cattle presented 14. Ninkalla 15. in Girsu. 16. UR-Lama 17. (being) Patesi. 18. The year after Anshan was destroyed. Collected as Rent or Taxes. PI. 9. I. I. The talents of grain royal quality 2. are filled out. 3. Of it 4. 180, on the account of Gal-bi-mu, 5. presented 6. Urimnun. 7. 126 Talents 38 and f ka 8. are withdrawn for seed grain. 9. The 180 (talents) of grain are completed. 10. A total of 7 talents, 48 and f ka: 11. of it 12. 5 (talents) are in storage; 13. I talent 25 ka 14. (on) his second account, 15. (viz: — ) the account of Ur-Nina son of Naba- shag 16. is present. 17. There is lacking i talent, 23 and | ka. 18. Ur-Bau: 19. 66 talents, 30 ka. 20. There is lacking seed grain 21. from him. 22. The 66 talents, 30 ka, II. I. on the account of Ur-Nina son of Nabashag, 2. are present 3 . in the city. 4. (At) the temple of Nindara 5. 99 talents, 6. the grain required is completed. 7. Of it 8. 99 Talents 9. on the account of Galbimu 10. are present. 11. Galnashelaki son of Baa, i6 III. IV. 12. 13- 14. IS- 16. 17- 18. 19. I. 2. 3- 4. S' 6. 9' 10. II. 12. 13' 14. IS' 16, 17' 18, 19, 20. I, 2. 3. 4- s- 6. 7' 8. 9- EO. [I. [2. t3- 14- IS- [6. 17- [8. [9. 20. CXXXVI GUR LAL-NI SE-KUR LXXIV XXVI SUSSAN KA GUR SE-KUR-TA GUR-RA SU-NIGIN CCLXX XXVI SUSSAN KA GUR SA-BI-TA CLXXXV XL KA GUR DUB UR-dingir-NINA DUMU NA-BA-SAG LXXVI MISLU V KA GUR DUB MA-LI DUMU KI-RAM-MU MU-GUB. LAL-NI VIII CCLXXXVI SUSSAN KA GUR UR-DUMU CXXXIV XL KA GUR LAL-NI SE-KUL XXXI XLII MISLU KA GUR SE-KUR-TA GUR LX XXX KA SE-AMAR BA-BAT CXXII KI-LUGAL-URU-DA SU-NIGIN CVIII LII MISLA KA GUR SA-BI-TA CVIII LII MISLA KA GUR DUB UR-dingir NINA DUMU NA-BA-SAG MU-GUB UR-SAG-GA E-dingir-DUMU-ZI VIII GUR SE-KUR-RA UD-BA-AT KI DUP — _ _ LXV .... CCXLI DUB NU-RU DUB GAL-BI-MU MU-GUB UR-dingir-BA-U DUMU PA-AL-E CCXLIV SE GAR-GAL-LA SA-BI-TA CCXLIV DUB NU-TUG ANA GU GAL-BI-MU BA-A-GAR MU-GUB UR-dingir-LAMA DUMU HU-MU CXCII LXVII KA GUR-TA CCXXVI XXX KA GUR SU-KA IM-SI-BA-TA SU-NIGIN CCCCXIX LXXXVII KA GUR SA-BI-TA VGUR GAL-BI-MU SU-BA-TI CCXLV XXVII KA GUR 12. 136 talents. 13. Seed-grain is lacking. 14. 74 Talents 26 and J ka 15. is withdrawn for seed-grain. 16. A total of 270 talents 26 and J ka: 17. of it 18. 185 talents 40 ka 19. on the account of Ur-Nina son of Nabashag; III. I. 76 and i talents 5 ka 2. on the account of Mali son of Kirammu 3. are present. 4. There are wanting 8 talents 286 and J ka. 5. Urdumu, 6. 134 talents 40 ka. 7. Seed-grain is lacking. 8. 31 Talents 42 and J ka 9. is withdrawn for seed-grain. 10. 60 Talents 30 ka of grain are completed. 11. 122, from Lugaluruda. 12. A total of 108 talents 52 and ^ ka: 13. of it 14. 108 talents, 52 and ^ ka 15. on the account of Ur-Nina son of Nabashag 16. presented 17. Urshagga. 18. Temple of Tammuz 19. 8 talents, 20. the grain required, is completed. IV. I. From Dub — — _ 2. 65 ... . 3. 241 (talents) Nuru stored up 4. on the account of Galbimu. 5. Presented (it) 6. Ur-Bau son of Pa-al-e. 7. 244 (Talents) of grain as a possession: 8. of it 9. 244- (talents) on the account of Nutug. 10. placed at the call of Galbimu, 11. are present. 12. Ur-Lama son of Humu 13. from 192 talents 67 ka 14. to 216 talents 30 ka 15. has filled (it). 16. A total of 419 talents 87 ka: 17. of it 18. 5 talents 19. Galbimu has received. 20. 245 Talents 27 ka I? 21. UR-dingir-NINA DAMU MA-BA-SAG 21, 22. SU-BA-TI 22, 23. SU-NIGIN CCCIX XXVII KA GUR 23. 24. MU-GUB ' 24. 25. LAL-NI CLXIX MISLA GUR 25. 26. GAR-TA 26, 27. LXXVI VIII MISLA KA GUR 27. 28. LAL-NI SE-KUL ' 28, V. I KA GUR SE-KUR-TA GUR-RA V. i 2. SU-NIGIN CCLXII MISLA I KA GUR 2. 3. SA-BI-TA ' 3 4. LAL-NI CCLXII MISLA I KA GUR 4 5. UR-dingir-BA-U DUMU KALAM-IL 5 6. CCLV XXXIV KA GUR 6 7. LAL-NI SE-KUL 7, 8. LXVII MISLA II MISLA KA GUR 8 9. SE-KUR-TA GUR-RA 9, 10. SU-NIGIN XXIII LVI MISLA KA GUR 10, 11. SA-BI-TA II 12. VIII BA-RU SU-BA-TI 12, 13. VIII DUB GAL-BI-MU 13, 14. SU-NIGIN XV GUR 14. 15. MU-GUB IS 16. LAL-NI VI LVI MISLA KA GUR 16 17. UR-UD-E-GAR 17 18. E-dingir-MAL-LAM-HI 18, 19. CXCVI MISLA LAl""-NI SE-KUR 19. 20. CXCI XX KA GUR 20 21. SE-KUR-TA GUR-RA 21, 22. CXXII SE-AMAR BA-BAT 22. 23. SU-NIGIN CCX XX KA GUR 23. 24. SA-BI-TA 24. 25. XIV XX KA GAL-BI-MU SU-BA-TI 25. 26. MU-GUB 26. 27. LAL-NI CXCVI MISLA GUR 27. 28. UR-E-SE 28, 29. CXCVI II SUSSAN KA GUR 29. VI. I. SE-KUR-TA .... VI. I. 2. CXXI XXX .... 2. 3. V XXVII KA GUR 3. 4. LAL-NI SE-KUR. 4- 5. SU-NIGIN XXIII LIX SANABI KA GUR 5. 6. SA-BI-TA 6. 7. XVIII XXXII SANABI KA GUR 7- 8. GAL-BI-MU SU-BA-TI 8. 9. MU-GUB 9- 10. LAL-NI V XXVII KA GUR 10. 11. GAR-SAM AS "• 12. E-dingir-AMA 12. Ur-Nina son of Nabashag has received. A total of 309 talents 27 ka is present. 169 and ^ talents are lacking. Garta, 76 talents 8 and i ka. Seed-grain is lacking. . . . . Talents . . . . ka are with- drawn for seed grain. A total of 262 talents i ka: of it 262 talents i ka are lacking. Ur-Bau son of Kalamil, 255 talents 34 ka. Seed grain is lacking. 67 and ^ Talents 2 and ^ ka is withdrawn for seed-grain. A total of 23 talents 56 and ^ ka: of it 8 (talents) Baru has received ; 8, on account of Galbimu. A total of 1 5 talents is present. 6 Talents 56 and ^ ka are lacking. Urudegar of the temple of Malamhi : 196 and ^ talents. Seed-grain is lacking. 191 Talents 20 ka are withdrawn for seed grain. 122 (talents) of grain are completed. A total of 210 talents 20 ka: of it 14 (talents) 20 ka Galbimu has received, it is present. 196 and ^ talents are lacking. Ureshe, 196 talents 2 and § ka. For seed-grain. . . (are withdrawn) 121 (talents) 30 ka. . . . S Talents 27 ka are lacking as seed-grain. A total of 23 talents 59 and § ka: of it 18 talents 32 and § ka Galbimu has received, it is present. 5 Talents 27 ka are lacking. Garshamash, temple of Ama, 13. CCX KA SE-BA GESTIM-MA 14. CIV C'CLXXX KA SU-KA 15. SU-NIGIN CVII CCXL MISLA GUR 16. SA-BI-TA 17. LXXXIV XXX KA GUR 18. II SUSSAN(?) GUR(?) LUGAL SU-NIGIN BU-BA 19. MU-GUB 20. LAL-NI XXIII CLXXX MISLA GUR 21. GIR UR-SAG-GA-MU DUMU MA-LI 22. GAR-SAM-AS DUMU KI-LUGAL 23. GAR-RA-AG-BI GIR 24. GAL-HAL-NI 25. SA KI-NU-NIR-KI NINA-KI 26. MU SI-MU-UR-RU-UM-KI LU-LU-BU-KI A-DU [XJ-LAL-I KAM BA-HUL 13. 210 ka of grain-wine, 14. 104 (talents) 280 ka of flour. 15. A total of 107 talents and 240^ (ka): 16. of it 17. 84 talents 30 ka 18. 2 and J talents of royal quality, the total of Buba, 19. are present. 20. 23 Talents 180 and i (ka) are lacking. 21. Gir: Urshaggamu son of Mali, 22. Garshamash son of Kilugal (and) 23. the Garraagbi Gir (food-maker's overseer?), 24. Galhalni. 25. In Kinunir of Nina. 26. The year Simurru and Lulubu were destroyed for the 9th time. REGISTER OF TABLETS. Tablet No. in Haver- ford College Collection. 3- Plate. 38> 39- 13- i6. 17- i8. 24. 26. 29. 3°- 44. 7- 40. 16. 23. 24- 29. Description of Tablet. Account tablet, one side broken away, 6 and ^ in. long, 5 and ^ in. wide at widest, i and ^ in. thick at centre.* It records a "round up" of sheep and goats. Tablet, i and | in. long, i and f in. wide and | in. thick. Receipt for grain. Tablet, similar to No. 12, probably case tablet. 2 in. long, I and f in. wide, i in. thick. Record of storing grain. Case tablet ; when shaken, the rattle of the inner tablet can be heard, if in. long, if in. wide, f in. thick. Receipt for grain. Case tablet, one corner of case broken away, i and f in. long, i and f in. wide, J in. thick. List of kinds of wood. Similar to No. 12. Probably a case tablet, of mixed clay, reddish and white. 2 in. long, i and f in. wide, i in. thick. Record of the ex- change of seed wheat for sesame(?). Account tablet, 4 and I in. long, 3 and f in. wide, r in. thick. Record of a "round up." Account tablet, 5 and ^ in. long, 3 and f in. wide, I in. thick at centre. List of weights of grain. Account tablet, 4 and J in. long, 2 and f in. wide, f in. thick. List of quantities of grain. Account tablet, 5 and ^ in. long, 4 and ^ in. wide, I and i in. thick at centre. List of quantities of wood, reeds, and grain. Account tablet, 5 and i in. long, 4 and | in. wide, I in. thick- List of quantities of land assigned to different men. Account tablet, 5 in. long, 5 and ^ wide, i in. thick. List of quantities of wool for clothing assigned to different temple officers. Account tablet, 4 and f in. long, 3 and f in. wide, I in. thick. List of quantities of grain. Date. The year Bur-Sin de- stroyed Urbillum. The year after Urbillum was destroyed, — reign of Dungi. Date the year Kimash was destroyed, — reign of Dungi. The year the ship "Ante- lope of the Deep" was consecrated, — reign of Gimil-Sin. The year after Kimash was destroyed, — ^reign of Dungi. The year Sumurru and Lulubu were de- stroyed for the 9th time, — reign of Dungi. The year after Anshan was destroyed, — reign of Dungi. The year Sumurru and Lulubu were destroyed for the 9th time, — reign of Dungi. The year Bur-Sin de- stroyed Urbillum. The year Kimash was destroyed, — reign of Dungi. The year after Kimash was destroyed, — reign of Dungi. Two years after Kimash was destroyed, — reign of Dungi. Two years after Kimash was destroyed, — ^reign of Dungi. * The measurements for thickness all represent the thickest part of the tablet. (19) 20 Tablet No. in Haver- Plate. ford College Collection. 35- 45- 36. 37- 38. 40. 41. 42. 43- 44. 45- 47- 52- 54- 59- 14. IS- SO- IS- 13- 15- 17- 24. 39- Description of Tablet. Account tablet, 5 and J in. long, 3 and f in. wide, I in. thick. List of food, drink and oil for dif- ferent months Tablet, i and f in. long, i and f in. wide, i in. thick. Receipt for grain. Circular tablet, 2 and f in. in diameter, i in. thick at centre, ^ in. at edge. List of sheep and goats. Fine case tablet, i and f in. long, i and f in. wide, I in. thick. Seal has made a palimpsest of a part of it. Receipt for grain. Probably case tablet, i and f in. long, i and ^ in. wide, f in. thick. Receipt for grain. Probably case tablet. Inscribed on one side only. 3 and I in. long, 2 and i in. wide, i and ^ in. thick. Receipt for grain. Similar to No. 12, probably a case tablet, i and ^ in long, 2 and i in. wide, f in. thick. Receipt for grain. Similar to No. 12; probably a case tablet, i and f in. long, I and f in. wide, i in. thick. Record of preserving seed-grain. Similar to No. 12; probably a case tablet. 2 and I in. long, 2 in. wide, i and J in. thick. Record of quantities of grain received at different store-houses. Unbroken case tablet, similar to No. 12. When shaken, the rattle of the inner tablet can be heard, i and f in. long, i and f in. wide, f in. thick. Record of sheep and goats offered in sacrifice. Similar to No. 45 ; probably a case tablet, i and f in. long, I and f in. wide, and f in. thick. Record of storing grain. Account tablet, 4 and f in. long, 2 in. wide, i in. thick. List of weights of grain. Merely fragments of a tablet. Measurements, impossible. List of quantities of provisions for temple officials. Tablet i and f in. long, i and i in. wide, f in. thick. Receipt for grain. Date The year the throne of Sin was erected and the year (the king) was invested high priest of the great abode of Ish- tar — ^reign of Bur-Sin. The 3'ear Kimash was destroyed, — reign of Dungi. The year the ship TE- MEN-MUH was con- secrated, — reign un- known. The year Urbillum was destroyed, — reign of Dungi. The year UrbUlum was destroyed, — reign of Dungi. The year after Kimash was destroyed, — ^reign of Dungi. The year after the wall was built, — ^reign of Gimil-Sin. The 3'ear Kimash was destroyed, — reign of Dungi. The year after Urbillum was destroyed, — ^reigu of Dungi. The year after Kimash was destroyed, — ^reign of Dungi. The year after Urbillum was destroyed, — ^reign of Dungi. The year after Urbillum was destroyed, — reign of Dungi. The year Kimash was destroyed, — reign of Dungi. The year Bur-Sin de- stroyed Urbillum. 21 Tablet No. in Haver- ford College Collection. 60. 61. 63. 64. 65- 66. 68. 74- 75- 76. 80. 84. 90. Plate. Description of Tablet. 41. Account tablet, 3 and f in. long, 2 and f in. wide, } in. thick. Accoimt of quantities of grain. I. Account tablet, rapidly crumbling, 3 and f in. long, 2 and i in. wide, f in. thick. Account of quantities of grain and food. 42. Account tablet, 4 and ^ in. long, 2 and f in. wide, i in. thick. Account of quantities of wool. 39. Similar to Nos. 12 and 45; probably case tablet. I and f in. long, i and f in. wide, f in. thick. Receipt for grain. 23. Similar to Nos. 12 and 45; probably a case tablet. I and f in. long, 1 and ^ in. wide, f in. thick. Record of grain stored up. 25. Sun-dried account tablet, 4 and f in. long, 2 and f in. wide, i in. thick. List of rations (?) for different individuals. 43. Account tablet, 5 and ^ in. long, 2 and | in. wide, I in. thick. Assignment to different individ- uals of wool for clothing and of food. 26. • Account tablet, 4 in. long, 2 and | in. wide, i in. thick. List of weights, probably of foodstuffs, assigned to different individuals. 36. Case tablet, case broken, few fragments of it re- main. I and f in. long, i and ^ in. wide, J in. thick. Receipt for wool.- 17. Case tablet, case broken off. Case i and i in. long, I and i in. wide, | in. thick. Record of storing grain. 34, 35. Account tablet, 7 and f in. long, 7 and f in. wide, I and f in. thick. Record of a great "round up "of cattle and asses. 32, 22- Account tablet, one edge broken away. 7 and f in. long at one edge, 7 and J at the other, 5 in. wide at widest part, i and 9-16 in. thick. Ac- count of quantities of grain. 48. Account tablet, 4 and ^ in. long, 2 in. wide, and f in. thick. List of weights of wool for clothing. 44. Account tablet, 2 and | in. long, i and J in. wide, f in. thick. Measurements of fields assigned to different men. Date. The year after Urbillum was destroyed, — ^reign of Dungi. The year Nannar KAR- ZI-DA into the house of Anu was brought. Probably reign of Dungi. The year Bur-Sin de- stroyed Urbillum. Accession year of Bur- Sin. The year Kimash was destroyed, — reign of Dungi. Two years after Kimash was destroyed, — reign of Dungi. The year Bur-Sin de- stroyed Urbillum. Two years after Kimash was destroyed, — ^reign of Dungi. Accession year of Bur- Sin. The year Kimash was destroyed, — reign of Dungi. The year the divine Dun- gi, the mighty hero, king of Ur, king of the four quarters, devas- tated and destroyed Kimash and Humurti. The year after the ship SU-SA-SAHAR of Da- gon was built, — reign of Dungi (?). The year Huhunuri was destroyed, — ^reign of Bur-Sin. No date, but as Bur-Sin occurs as a divine ele- ment in a proper name, it was written after his accession. 22 Tablet No. in Haver- ford College Collection. 91. Plate. 31- 100. 102. 113- 141 143- 144 149. 152. 158. 171. 172. 17- 18. so- lo. Description of Tablet. Account tablet in 8 cols. Nearly all of 2 cols, broken away. 6 in. long, 4 in. wide, i and J in. thick. Account of quantities of grain fur- nished while the palace of Dungi was being built. Sun-dried tablet, 2 and i in. long, i and f in. wide, f in. thick. One edge broken and one end broken away. List of weights of grain from different farmers. Sun-dried tablet, bottom broken away. 2 and J in. long, I and | in. wide, J in. thick. Ac- count of quantities of grain produced by dif- ferent farmers. Sun-dried tablet, i and f in. long, i and ^ in. wide, f in. thick. Record of the establishment ' of a food-store. Tablet, i and i in. long, i and J in. wide, f in. thick. Record of the storing of grain. Tablet, i and J in. long, i and i in. wide, f in. thick. Record of storing up grain. Tablet, i and f in. long, i and J in. wide, f in. thick. Record of the appointment of two sec- retaries. Tablet, i and ^ in. long, i and 3-16 in. wide, i in. thick. Receipt for grain. Tablet of coarse clay, containing fine gravel; i and i in. long, i and i in. wide, f in. thick. Re- ceipt for grain. Sun-dried tablet, i and f in. long, i and i in. wide, f in. thick. Record of quantities of grain from different individuals. Tablet, i and i in. long, i and J in. wide, | in. thick. Receipt for grain. Tablet, i and ^ in. long, i and J in. wide, ^ in. thick. Receipt for grain. Date. Several dates in the reign of Dungi are men- tioned. The latest date is the year the throne of Bel(?) was erected, which brings us into the reign of Bur-Sin. Two years after Kimash was destroyed, — reign of Dtmgi. Two years after Kimash was destroyed, — reign of Dungi. The year Kimash was destroyed, — ^reign of Dungi. The year Simurru and Lulubu were destroyed for the 9th time, — ^reign of Dungi. The year Simurru and Lulubu were destroyed for the 9th time, — ^reign of Dungi. The year Gimil-Sin, king of Ur, built the temple of the great god Gi- shuh. The year Dur-Mada was built, — ^reign of Dungi. The year Simurru and Lulubu were destroyed for the 9th time , — ^reign of Dungi. The year after Simurru and Lulubu were de- stroyed for the 9 th time, — ^reign of Dungi. The year Simurru and Lulubu were destroyed for the 9th time, — ^reign of Dungi. The year Simurru and Lulubu were destroyed for the 9th time, — ^reign of Dungi. 23 Tablet No. in Haver- Plate. ford College Collection 173. 6. 183. 184. 185. 186. 187. 193- 196. 204. 206. 216. 217. 18. 13- 27. 27. 27 49- 30- 13- 19. 44- 14. 43- 36. Description of Tablet. Tablet of reddish clay, i and f in. long, i and i in. wide, f in. thick. Receipt for grain. Tablet, i and J in. long, i and | in. wide, f in. thick. Receipt for grain. Tablet, i and i in. long, i and J in. wide, f in. thick. Receipt for earthern jars. Tablet, i and J in. long, i and J in. wide, f in. thick. Receipt for grain. Tablet, i and f in. long, i and i in. wide, ^ in. thick. Record of grain gained at a store-house. Tablet, i and ^ in. long, i and ^ in. wide, f in. thick. Record of grain received and stored. Tablet, i and ^ in. long, i and. 3-16 in. wide, 9-16 in. thick. Record of the barter of flour for wool. Tablet, i and | in. long, i and ^ in. wide, f in. thick. List of the tonnage of different ships. Sun-dried tablet, i and f in. long, i and f in. wide, f in. thick. Record of measurements of land. Tablet, i and 9-16 in. long, i and ^ in. wide, ^ in. thick. Receipt for grain. Tablet, i and ^ in. long, i and ^ in. wide, f in. thick. Receipt for grain. Tablet, i and f in. long, i and ^ in. wide, J in. thick. Receipt for grain. Sun-dried tablet, much broken,^ i and f in. long, I and i in. wide, f in. thick. Tablet, i and ^ in. long, i and | in. wide, 11-16 in. thick. Record of a crop of grain. Sun-dried tablet, i and ^ in. long, i and J in. wide, f in. thick. Record of quantities of grain. Tablet, i and f in. long, i and f in. wide, f in. thick. List of quantities of food, drink and oil assigned to different "messengers." Tablet, i and 13-16 in. long, i and J in. wide, f in. thick. Record of the formation of a park in Girsu by a son of the Patesi. Date. The year Shashru was destroyed, — ^reign of Dungi. The year Urbillum was destroyed, — reign of Dungi. The year of Kimash (sic !) , — reign of Dungi. The year Urbillum was destroyed, — ^reign of Dungi. Two years after Kimash was destroyed , — reign of Dungi. Two years after Kimash was destroyed, — reign of Dungi. Two years after Kimash was destroyed, — ^reign of Dungi. The year Huhunuri was destroyed, — ^reign of Bur-Sin. The year Harshi and ? ? ? Reign of Dungi (?). The year Bur-Sin de- stroyed Urbillum. The year Simurru and Lulubu were destroyed for the 9th time , — reign of Dungi. The year Simurru and Lulubu were destroyed for the 9th time , — reign of Dungi. (The year) Kimash (was destroyed), — reign of Dungi. Accession year of Bur- Sin. The year Urbillum was destroyed, — reign of Dungi. The year Bur-Sin de- stroyed Urbillum. The year Bur-Sin de- stroyed Urbillum. 24 Tablet No. in Haver- r., . ford College Collection. ^'^*^- 223. 4. 229. 231. 232. 234- 235- 237- 244. 246. 248. 253- 257- 271. 272. 49. 49- 44- 47- 49. 47- 28. 30- 28. 46. 14. 49. Description of Tablets. Reddish tablet, i and | in. long, i and f in. wide, i in. thick. List of sheep and kids received in the 5th and 6th months. Tablet, i and f in. long, i and J in. wide, 9-16 in. thick. Record of oxen prepared for the temple of Bau on two separate daj-s. Tablet, an almost illegible palimpsest because the scribal seal was rolled over it in every part above the original writing, i and ^ in. long, i and ^ in. wide, f in. thick. Receipt for money. Tablet, i and ^ in. long, i and f in. wide, f in. thick. Records of weights of produce(?). Palimpsest, similar to No. 231; i and f in. long, i and i in. wide, ^ in. thick. Record of grinding grain. Palimpsest, like preceding, i and f in. long, i and f in. wide, ^ in. thick. Receipt (?) for sheep. Tablet, i and f in. long, i and f in. wide, J in. thick. List of food, drink and oil for various "messengers. " A fragment; first half of tablet broken away. 2 and ^ in. long, 3 in. wide, i in. thick. Record of quantities of grain. Account tablet, 4 and ^ in. long, 2 in. wide, | in. thick. List (probably of quantities of grain) assigned to different individuals. Account tablet, bottom broken away. 4 in. long, 2 and I in. wide, | in. thick. Record of quan- tities of grain assigned to different individuals for food. Account tablet, 4 and | in. long, 2 and f in. wide, I in. thick. List of measurements of fields, weights (of grain) and temple attendants. Account tablet, originally a case tablet, but case is, except a fragment, destroyed. 3 and i in. long, 2 and i in. wide, | in. thick. List of weights of wool for clothing. Sun-dried tablet, 2 in. long, i and | in. wide, f in. thick. Record of storing grain. Tablet, 2 and i in. long, 2 in. wide, | in. thick. List of quantities of wool for different kinds of garments. Date. The year after Anshan was destroyed, — ^reign of Dungi. The year Huhunuri was destroyed, — reign of Bur-Sin. The year Huhunuri was destroyed, — ^reign of Bur-Sin. The year the king was made high priest of Anu, — ^reignof Bur-Sin. The year Huhunuri was destroyed,- — ^reign of Bur-Sin. Accession year of Gimil- Sin. The year Bur-Sin de- stroyed Urbilliun. Contains reference to the year after Kimash was destroyed and the year after that, — ^reign of Dungi. The year Harshi and Humurti were de- stroyed, — reign of Dungi. The year after Kimash, — ^reign of Dungi. The year Bur-Sin de- stroyed Urbillum. The year Shashru was destroyed , — r e i g n of Dimgi. The year Simurru and Lulubu were destroyed for the 9th time , — ^reign of Dungi. The year Huhunuri was destroyed — ^reign of Bur-Sin. 25 Tablet No. in Haver- ford College Colleetion. 276. 283. 285. 297. 300. 301. 305- 309- 311- 314- 317- 324- Plate. Description of Tablet. 36. Tablet, 2 and f in. long, i and f in. wide, f in. thick. List of quantities of wool for clothing. 50. Tablet, i and f in. long, i and i in. wide, 11-16 in. thick. List of weights of dates, oil, etc. 50. Tablet, i and ^ in. long, i and ^ in. wide, f in. thick. List of goats and lambs. 50. Tablet, i and f in. long, i and i in. wide, i in. thick. Receipt for sheep. 30. Tablet, i and f in. long, i and ^ in. wide, f in. thick. Record of food, drink, and oil provided by two men. 36. Tablet, i and f in. long, i and i in. wide, ^ in. thick. Record of food and drink provided for the 24th and 26th of the month EZIN-DUNGI and the 6th of the month EZIN-BAU. 2. Tablet of blackish clay, i and ^ in. long, i and i in. wide, f in. thick. Receipt for sheep and kids. 7. Palimpsest, similar to No. 231; i and f in. long, I and f in. wide, ^ in. thick. Receipt for grain. 19. Palimpsest, similar to No. 231. i and f in. long, I and i in. wide, f in. thick. Receipt for grain. 10. Tablet of a coarse clay, containing gravel, i and f in. long, I and f in. wide, f in. thick. Record of a gift of grain. 19. Palimpsest, similar to No. 231. i and f in. long, I and 11-16 in. wide, ^ in. thick. Receipt for grain. 7. Tablet, i and i in. long, i and i in. wide, f in. thick. Receipt for grain. 2. Sun-dried tablet, i and i in. long, i and i in. wide, i in. thick. Receipt for six ship-loads of grain at Girsu, and 3 at Nippur. 19. Tablet, i and i in. long, i and ^ in. wide, ^ in. thick. Receipt for money. Date. Accession year of Bur- Sin. The year the king was declared by a de- cision to be high priest of Nannar, — ^reign of Dungi. The year he was made by Bur-Sin, the beloved, to be his high priest. The year the king was made great high priest of Eridu, — ^r e i g n of Bur-Sin. The year Harshi and Hu- murti were destroyed, — reign of Dungi. Accession year of Bur- Sin. The year the king was in- vested high priest of Anu and Nannar the second time, — ^reign of Dungi. The year Shashru was destroyed, — reign of Dungi. The year Kimash was destroyed , — r e i g n of Dungi. The year Simurru and Lulubu were destroyed for the 9th time, — ^reign of Dungi. The year after Kimash was destroyed , — ^reign of Dungi. The year Shashru was destroyed, — r e i g n of Dungi. The year the king was established lord of Eridu — reign of Dungi. The year Kimash was destroyed, — reign of Dungi. 26 Tablet No. in Haver- Plate. ford College Collection 327- 44 329- 332. 334- 337- 34°- 342. 345- 349- 3SS- 361. 364- 37°- 376. 379- 47- 27. 36. 36. 48. 30- 14. SO- 48. IS- 47- Description of Tablet. Originally a case tablet ; a bit of the case still clings to it; I and j in. long, i and ^ in. wide, i in. thick. Receipt for grain. Tablet, i and f in. long, i and i in. wide, i in. thick. Receipt for dates. Palimpsest, similar to No. 231. i and ^ in. long, I and J in. wide, 9-16 in. thick. Tablet, i and f in. long, i and i in. wide, f in. thick. Record of the payment of the principal of a loan of money without the interest. Tablet, i and 7-16 in. long, i and I in. wide, f in. thick. Receipt for grain. Tablet, i and f in. long, i and J in. wide, | in. thick. Record of six slaves of one man who worked two months in the field of another. Tablet, 2 in. long, i and f in. wide, ^ in. thick. Receipt for amounts of money. Tablet, i and f in. long, i and J in. wide, f in. thick. Record of food, drink and oil furnished four dif- ferent men. Tablet, i and f in. long, i and i in. wide, f in. thick. Record of the erection of a wall. Tablet crumbling, i and f in. long, i and ^ in. wide, i in. thick. Receipt, the word denoting for what is broken away. Tablet, i and ^ in. long, i and |- in. wide, i in. thick. Receipt for quantities of food, drink, and oil. Tablet, 2 and f in. long, 2 in. wide, i in. thick. Record of amounts of grain stored up. Account tablet, 3 and f in. long, 2 in. wide, f in. thick. List of cattle under charge of different herdsmen. Account tablet, 3 and | in. long, i and f in. wide, I in. thick. List of quantities of food for various individuals. Account tablet, sun-dried, bottom broken away; 3 and I in. long, 2 and f in. wide f in. thick. List of food-supplies for various temple officials and slaves. Date. The year Bur-Sin stroyed Urbillum. de- The year the throne of Enlil was erected, — reign of Bur-Sin. The year Kimash was destroyed, — r e i g n of Dungi. Second vear of Bur-Sin. The year the Patesi erec- ted the throne of the ■ land and Shashru was destroyed , — r e i g n of Dungi. Accession year of Bur- Sin. Year the throne of Enlil was erected, — reign of Bur-Sin. The year Harshi and Hu- murti were destroyed, — ^reign of Dungi. The year Urbillum was destroyed, — reign of Dungi. The year Gimil-Sin, the king .... The year the king was established high priest of Anu and Ishtar, — reign of Bur-Sin. The year Urbillum was destroyed, — ^reign of Dungi. Two years after Kimash was destroyed, — reign of Dungi. The year Bur-Sin de- stroyed Urbillum. The year Nannar KAR- ZI-D A was established , — reign of Dungi (?). 27 Tablet No. in Haver- rord College Collection. 380. 393- 396- 400. Plate. Description of Tablet. 20. Account tablet, obverse defaced; 3 and f in. long, I and I in. wide, i in. thick. List of rations of grain assigned to different individuals for six months. 37. Account tablet, 3 and | in. long, 2 and f in. wide, I in. thick. Record of quantities of grain raised in different fields, and slaves who worked in them. 8. Account tablet, 4 and f in. long, 3 and f in. wide, I in. thick, somewhat broken at lower end. Quantities of wool for clothing assigned to dif- ferent temple attendants. 10. Tablet i and i in. long, i and i in. wide, ^ in. thick. Record of storing three talents of wheat. Date. The year Kimash was destroyed, — reign of Dungi. Accession year of Bur- Sin. The year Shashru was destroyed , — ^r e i g n of Dungi. The year Simurru and Lulubu were destroyed for the 9th time, — ^reign of Dungi. e^7. HLJ^. C 7. 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