^■-vs-" 
 
 A/MV--^ 
 
 ->^-^. 
 
 
 .7>--5 ,-^ _^^. I^^y^ 
 
 -- ^r^ *-Vi '^^'' :■ •i^-%■-■¥-^' -' "^ ■> J 
 
 -•it' f' 
 

 QJornell Utttucrsity Eihrary 
 
 aitljaca, Nem gnrk 
 
 BOUGHT WITH THE INCOME OF THE 
 
 SAGE ENDOWMENT FUND 
 
 THE GIFT OF 
 
 HENRY W. SAGE 
 
 1891 
 
E 78.M4E42l86f "" "''"^' 
 '^'^flllllllHlli™iiSli,!f,?„a°^P«l breaking fo 
 
 3 1924 028 652 349 
 
 Date Due 
 
 %^i 
 
 odsaii 
 
 j^i^ 
 
 (' f^i.Ti Ilj.1 
 
 Hf!'! '" '■ 
 
 -^-#4m. 
 
 :J^ ^WSSS 
 
 irr 
 
 ' *^^*- 
 
 'WM|«r*«^i««iSQ4 
 
 PRINTED IN 
 
 («y 
 
 NO. 23233 
 
The original of this bool< is in 
 the Cornell University Library. 
 
 There are no known copyright restrictions in 
 the United States on the use of the text. 
 
 http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924028652349 
 
CLEAR SUNSHINE OF THE GOSPEL 
 
 BREAKING FORTH UPON THE 
 
 Indians in New England. 
 
 1648. 
 
t)al)in'0 iaeprint0. 
 
 Q U AR TO SERIES 
 
 No. X. 
 
THE 
 
 CLEAR SUNSHINE 
 
 OF THE 
 
 GOSPEL 
 
 Breaking Forth upon the Indians 
 
 NEW-ENGLAND. 
 
 By THOMAS SHEPARD. 
 
 NEW YORK: 
 
 REPRINTED FOR JOSEPH SABIN. 
 
 1865. 
 
t f S /; # 
 
 
 ^/^ 
 
 Edition 250 Copies, 
 
 OF which 50 ARE ON LARGE PAPER. 
 
 MuNSELL, PR-jnlTgR, 
 
THE 
 
 Clear Sunfhine of the Gofpel | 
 
 BREAKING FORTH 
 UPON THE 
 
 INDIAN 
 
 ^ IN 
 
 I NEW-ENGLAND. 
 
 I OR, 
 
 ^An Hiftoricall Narration of Gods: 
 
 ^ Wonderfull Workings upon fundry of the 
 
 f^ Indians, both chief Governors and Common 
 
 1^ people, in bringing them to a willing and 
 
 M defired fubmiffion to the Ordinances of 
 
 J) the Gofpel ; and framing their hearts to an 
 
 Wi earneft inquirie after the knowledge of 
 
 ^ God the Father, and of Jefus Chrift -. 
 
 ^ the Saviour of the World. V 
 
 M By Mr. Thomas Shepard Minifter of the Gofpel of J 
 M Jefus Chrift at Cambridge in New-England. J 
 
 flfaiah 2, z, 3. And it /hall come to pajfe in the laft dayes^ that the mountain of the ^ 
 Lords houje (hall bee ejiahlijhed in the top of the mountains, and fhall bee exalted j9 
 £^ above the hills j and all Nations fhall fioiu unto it, ^ 
 
 ^1 And many people /hall go and fay^ Come ye and let us go up to the mountain of the Lord f r 
 ^Mr to the houJe of the God of Jacob^ and he luill teach us of bis ivayeSy and ive luill lualk ^ 
 a ■ in his paths ; for out of Zion Jhall go forth the Laiv, and the itiord of the Lord from 1 g 
 r|^ Jcrujalem. ^ 
 
 ^ London,, Printed by R. Cotes for Bellamy at the three golden % 
 ^ Lions in Cornhill near the Royall Exchange, 1648. ^ 
 
 ( ^Ji ^5^ i^Efi i^ 
 
 :^^s 
 
 
 L^ 
 
TO THE 
 
 RIGHT HOJYOFRABLE 
 
 TH E 
 
 LORDS & COMMONS 
 
 AJfembled 
 
 In High Court of Parliament. 
 
 Right Honorable, 
 
 jHefe few fheets prefent unto your 
 view 2iJhort but welcome difcourfe of 
 the viiitations of the mojt High upon 
 the faddeji fpe6lacles of degeneracy 
 upon earth, The poore Indian People : the dif- 
 tance of place, (if our Jpirits be right) will be no 
 lejfening of the mercy, nor of our thankefulnejfe. 
 That Chriji is glorified, that the Gofpel doth 
 any where find footing ; and fucceffe is a mer- 
 cy as well worthy the praife of the Saints on 
 Earth, as the Joy of the Angels in heaven. The 
 report of this mercy is firft made to you, who 
 are the Reprefentative of this Nation, That 
 in you England might bee ftirred up, to be 
 
 Re- 
 
The Epiftle 
 
 Rejoycers in, and Advancers of thefe promi- 
 fing beginnings. And becaufe to You an ac- 
 count \s Jirji due of thQfucceJfe of the Gofpel 
 in thofe darke corners of the World, which 
 have been fo much enligtened by Your fa- 
 vour,' enlivened by Your refolutions, encou- 
 raged by Your fore-paft indeavours for God, 
 & hope ftil being parts of Your felves, to be 
 further ftrengthned by Youre benigne afpeBs 
 and bountifull influences on them. 
 
 The prefent troubles have not fo far obli- 
 terated and worn out the fad imprejjions 
 which former times have made upon our fpi- 
 rits, but we can fadly remember thofe deflruB- 
 ive defignes which were on foot, and car- 
 ryed on for the IntroduSiion of fo great evils 
 both into Church and State; In order to 
 which it was the endeavour of the Contrivers 
 and Promoters of thofe defignes, to wafl the 
 number of the godly, as thofe who would 
 never be brought to comply in fuch deftrud- 
 ive enterprifes; which was attempted by 
 banijhing and forcing fome abroad, by bur- 
 thening and affliSiing all at home. Among 
 
 thofe 
 
Dedicatory. 
 
 thofe who tafted of the Jirji^ I fay not the 
 worjl fort of their cruelty, were thefe our 
 Brethren^ who to enjoy the liberties of the 
 Gofpel, were content to fit downe, and pitch 
 their tents in the utmojt parts of the Earth, 
 hoping that there they might be out of the 
 reach of their malice, as they were affured 
 they were beyond the bounds of their love. 
 God who doth often make mans evill of fin, 
 ferviceable to the advancement of the riches 
 of his owne Grace ; The mofi: horrid a6l 
 that ever was done by t}ie.fonnes of men, the 
 murther of Chrift, God made ferviceable to 
 the highefl: purpofes of Grace and mercy 
 that ever came upon his breaft; That God 
 doth fhew that hee had mercifull ends, in 
 this their malicious purpofe : as hee fuffer'd 
 Paul to be caft into prifon, to convert the 3*3, 34.^°' 
 Jaylor, to be fhipwrackt at Melita, to preach^^^^-^-'"' 
 to the barbarians^ fo he fuffer'd their way 
 to be flopped up here, and their perfons to be 
 hanifhed hence, that hee might open a paflage 
 for them in the Wildernefle, and make them 
 inftruments to draw foules to him, who had 
 been fo long efiranged from him. 
 
 It 
 
rhe Epiftle 
 
 It was the end of the adverfary to fup- 
 preffe, but Gods to propagate the Gofpel ; 
 theirs to /mother and put out the light, 
 Gods to communicate and difperfe it to the 
 utmoft corners of the Earth ; that as one 
 Coecitas Pauii faith of Paul^ his blindnejfe gave light to the 
 luminatio. whok World^ fo we hope God will make 
 ' ^' ^' their diftance and ejirangednejfe from us, a 
 meanes of bringing many near and in to ac- 
 quaintance with him. 
 
 Indeed a long time it was before God let 
 them fee any farther end of their comming o- 
 ver, then to preferve their confciences, cherijh 
 their Graces, provide for their fuftenance : 
 But when Providences invited their return, he 
 let them know it was for fome farther Arrand 
 that hee brought them thither, giving them 
 fome Bunches of Grapes, fome Clufters of Figs 
 in earneji of the profperous fuccejje of their 
 m.V'io, ,,, endeavours upon thofe poor out cajls : The ut- 
 ifa^'i 10 ^°fi ^^*^^ °^ ^^ earth are defigned and pro- 
 Luke 10. 'i. mifed to be in time the polTeffions of Chrift • 
 And hee fends his Minifters into every place 
 where he himfelfe intends to come^ and take pof- 
 
 feffion. 
 
Dedicatory. 
 
 feffion. Where the Minijlery is the Harbinger 
 and goes before, Chrift and Grace will cer- 
 tainly follow after. 
 
 This little we fee is fomething in hand, to 
 earneji to us thofe things which are in hope; 
 fomething in pojfejjion^ to afTure us of the reji 
 in promife, when the ends of the earth fhall 
 fee his glory, and the Kingdmes of the world 
 jhall become the Kingdomes of the Lord and his 
 Chrif, when hee Jhall have Dominion from Sea ^f^ "^ ^^• 
 to Sea^ and they that dwell in the wildernejfe p*"^'- 72- s, 9. 
 Jhall bow before him. And if the dawn of the 
 morning be fo delightfull, what will the clear 
 day be ? If the: firfl fruits be fo precious, what 
 wil the whole harveji be ? if fome beginnings 
 be fo ful of joy, what will it be when God 
 fhall perform his whole work, when the whole 
 earth Jhall be full of the knowledge of the Lord, 
 as the waters cover the Sea, and Eaft and 
 Weft fhal fing together the fong of the Lamb ? 
 
 In order to this what doth God require of 
 us, but that we ^ov\A firengthen the hands, 
 incourage the hearts of thofe who are at work 
 for him, confliSiing with difficulties, wrefiling 
 
 with 
 
The Epiftle 
 
 with difcouragements, to fpread the Gofpel, 
 & in that, ^^ fame and honor of this Nation, 
 to the utmojt ends of the earth? It was the 
 dejign of your enemies to make them little^ let 
 it be your endevor to make them great ^ their 
 greatnejfe is your ftrength. Their enemies 
 threatned their hands fhould reach them for 
 evil, God difappointed them; And let your 
 hands reach them now for good ; there 
 is enough in them to fpeak then " fit 
 ohjEies of your incouragement, they are 
 men of choice fpirits, not frighted with 
 dangers, foftned with allurements, nor dif- 
 couraged with difficulties, preparing the way 
 of the Lord in thofe unpajfable places of the 
 earth, dealing with fuch whom they are to 
 make men, before they can make them Chrift- 
 ians. They are fuch who are imprejfed for your 
 fervice in xh.&fervice of Chrift, C2injiand alone, 
 but defire to have dependence on you, they 
 feare not the malice of their enemies, but de- 
 fire the countenance and incouragement of 
 their friends ; And ffial your Honors in con- 
 fideration of their former fufFerings, their pre- 
 
 fent 
 
Dedicatory. 
 
 fent fervice, and reall defervings, help the day 
 of fmall things among them ; flial you intereft 
 them in your affiftances, as you are interefted 
 in their affections, you wil thereby not only 
 further thefe beginnings of God by incourag- 
 ing their hearts, and firengthning their hands 
 to work for him, but alfo (as we humbly con- 
 ceive) much add to the comfort of your owne 
 accounts in the day of the Lord, and lay greater 
 obligations on them yet more to pray for you, 
 to promote your counfels, and together with 
 us your unworthy fervants to write down 
 themfelves. 
 
 Yours humbly devoted in the fervice of the 
 Gofpel. 
 
 Stephen Mar/hall 
 Jeremy Whitaker 
 Edm. Calamy 
 William Greenhill 
 
 John Downam 
 Philip Nye 
 Syd. Symptfon 
 William Carter 
 
 Tho. Goodwin 
 Tho. Cafe 
 Simeon A/he 
 Samuel Bolton. 
 
 B 
 
TO THE 
 
 Godly and well afFefted of 
 
 this Kingdome of ENGLAND ; 
 
 who pray for, and rejoyce in, the 
 
 thrivings of the Gofpel of our 
 
 LORD JESFS. 
 
 Chriftian Reader, 
 
 I F ever thou hadji experience of this day of 
 power, thefe viftations of Chriji upon 
 thine own fpirit ; I fuppofe thee to be one 
 who haji embarqu'd many prayers for 
 the fuccefle of the Gofpel in thefe darke 
 corners of the earth ; to ftrengthen thy faith, inlarge 
 thy heart, and ajfure thy foul that God is a God hear- 
 ing prayers : An account is here given to thee of the 
 conquefts of the Lord lefus upon thefe poor out-cajls, 
 who have thus long been ejlranged from him, fpilt like 
 water upon the ground and none to gather them. For- 
 merly thou had. The Dly-break, fome dawnings of 
 light, after a long and black night of darkenes, here thou 
 feeji the fun is up, which wee hope will rejoice like 
 the ftrong man to run its race, fcattering thofe thick 
 clouds of darknejfe, and fhining brighter and brighter 
 till it come to a perfed: day. Thefe few Jheets give 
 thee fome footing for fuch thoughts, and fome further 
 incouragements to wait & pray for the accomplifh- 
 ment of fuch things. Here thou mayji fee, the Miniftry 
 is precious, the feet of them who bring glad tidings 
 beautiful]. Ordinances defred, the Word frequented 
 
 and 
 
The Epiftle 
 
 and attended, the Spirit alfo going forth in power and 
 ejiicacy with it, in awakening and humbling of them, 
 drawing forth thofe afFedlions offorrow, and expreffons 
 o/'tears in abundance, which no tortures or extremities 
 were ever obferved to iorce from them, with lamenting : 
 we read here, their leaving of fnne, they forfake their 
 former evill wayes, and fet up fences never to returne 
 by making lawsyir the pumHiment of thofe fns wherein 
 they have lived, and to which they have been fo much 
 addiSied. They fet up prayers in their families morn- 
 ing and evening, and are in earneft in them ; And with 
 more affedlion they crave Gods blefjing upon a little 
 parched corn, & Indian falks, then many of us do upon 
 our greateji plenty and abundance. They reft on the 
 Lords day, and make laws for the obfervation of it, 
 wherein they meet together to pray & infruB one 
 another in the things of God, which have been com- 
 municated to them. They renounce their diabolicall 
 Charmes and Charmers, and many of thofe who were 
 pradtitioners in thefe fnfull and foul-undoing Arts, being 
 made naked, convinced a«^ ajhamed af their evill, forfake 
 their way, and betake themfelves to prayer, preferring the 
 m. 26. 16. Chriftian Charm, before their diabolical Spells : herein 
 wrh God making good that promife Zeph. 2. 11. I will famifh 
 
 muffitS' ^1 the Gods of the earth, [which he doth by withdraw- 
 Jer. 8. 17. ing the worjhippers, and throwing contempt upon the 
 Eccles. 10. ii-wor/hip) And men fhal worfhip me alone every one 
 
 from his place, even all the Ifles of the Heathens. 
 Aa. 14. 16. . ^F ^^^^f^ ^''^ hopefull prefages that God is going out 
 Afts" 17* 30! ^" kis power and grace to conquer a people to himfelf; 
 i*ssiduv That he begins to caft an owning look on them, whom he 
 
 hath 
 
To the Reader. 
 
 hath fo long negledted <£f defpifed. And indeed God 
 may wel feek out for other ground to fow the feed of his 
 Ordinances upon, feeing the ground where it hath been 
 fown hath brought forth no better fruit to him ; he may 
 may well befpeak another people to himfelf feeing he 
 finds no better entertainment among the people he hath 
 efpoufed to him, and that by fo many mercies, privi- 
 ledges, indeerments, ingagements. We have as many 
 fad fymptomes, of a declining, as thefe poor outcafls 
 have glad prefages of a Rifing Sun among them. 'The 
 Ordinances are as much contemned here, as frequented 
 there ; the Miniftery as much difcouraged here, as em- 
 braced there ; Religion as much derided, the ways of 
 godlinefs as much fcorned here, as they can be wifhed 
 and defred there ; generally wee are fick of plenty, wee 
 
 furfet of our abundance, the worf of Surfets, and with 
 our loathed Manna and difdained food, God preparing , 
 them a Table in the wildernes ; where our fatieties, wil 
 be their fufficiencies ; our complaints, their contents ; 
 our burthens, their comforts ; if he cannot have an 
 England here, he can have an England there ; & bap- 
 tize & adopt them into thofe priviledges, which wee 
 have looked upon as our burthens. We have fad de- 
 cayes upon us, we are a revolting Nation, a people 
 guilty of great defection from God. Some fall from the 
 worfhip ^ God so their old fuperftitions, and corrupt 
 worjhip, faying with thofe in leremy. It was better with 
 us then now. Some fall from the doctrin of grace to 
 errors, fome to damnable, others to defiling, fome to 
 deftrudlive, others to corruptive opinions. Some fal 
 
 from profefTed feeming holynes, to fn & profanenes ; 
 
 who 
 
The Epiftle 
 
 who like blazing comets did Jhine bright y^r a time, but 
 after have fet in a night of darknes. We have many 
 fad fymptomes on us, we decay under all the means of 
 nourifhment, are barren under all Gods fowings, dry 
 under al the dews, droppings Jhowres of heaven, like 
 .... that Country whereof Wi^orizns f peak, w\iQVQ Avonghx. 
 turn, imbres caufeth dirt, and fhowers caufeth duft. And what 
 puiverem. doth God threaten herein, but to remove the Candle- 
 fticks, to take away the Gofpel, that pretious Gofpel, 
 the ftreams whereof have brought fo many fhips laden 
 with blejfings to our Jhoar, that Gofpel under the fhadow 
 whereof we have fate down and been refreflied thefe 
 many years F where the power is loft, God will not long 
 continue the form, where the heat is gone, he wil not 
 long continue the light. The temple did not preferve 
 the lews when their hearts were the Synagogues of 
 Satan, nor ftoall any outward priviledge hold us up, 
 when the inward power is down in our fpirits. God 
 hath forfaken other Churches as eminent as ever Eng- 
 land was : where are the churches o/'Afia, once famous 
 for the gofpel, for general Councels, now places for Zim 
 and Ochim, their habitation deflate? where are thofe 
 ancient people of the lews who were [fegulla micol 
 hagnamim) his peculiar and chofen people of al na- 
 tions ? they are fcattered abroad as a curfe, and their 
 place knows them no more. And ft^all 1 1 el you ? God 
 hath no need of us, he can cal them Gnammi, his people, 
 who were Lo gnammi, not his people, and them beloved, 
 who were not beloved. Indeed he hath held up us, as if 
 he had not known where to have another people] if he 
 ftiould forfake us, we have been a Gofhen, when others 
 
 have 
 
To the Reader. 
 
 have been an Egypt, a Canaan, when others an Akelda- 
 
 ma, the garden of God, when others have been a wilder- 
 
 nejfe, our fleece hath been wet, when others have been 
 
 dry : But know, God hath no need of us, he can want 
 
 no people if he pleafe to call; If he fpeake, all the ends Pfai. 22.27,28. 
 
 of the world fhall remember and turn unto the Lord, ^^' 
 
 I cA^L o 10 
 
 and all the kindreds of the Nations fhall worfhip 
 before him. If he fet up his ftandard, to him fhal 
 the Gentiles flock, and the earth fhall be full of the 
 knowledge of the Lord, as the waters cover the fea. 
 // is not for need but for love that God abides with 
 England, and there is nothing out of himfelfe the incen- Amatdeus.non 
 tive of this love : there can be no reafon given why Go^f''u"f % j°f , 
 
 fc/ O ^ 111 bet iCQ IDlC 
 
 Jhould fence us, and fuffer other places to lye wajl, thatYA undeamat. 
 we Jhould bee his Garden, and other places a Wildernes, Aug. 
 that he JhoUld feed us with the bread of Heaven, and 
 fuffer others to flarve, men of the fame mould, his ofF- 
 fpring as well as we, and fuch [did he conquer to him- 
 felfe^ were likely to doe him more fervice, bring him 
 more glory then we have done. We fee fomething here 
 done in order to fuch a work, our Harvefl is much over, 
 we fee little incomes, there we fee the fields are ripe for 
 harveft ; here the miniflry is contemned, there the feet 
 of them that bring glad tydings are beautifull ; we 
 have outlived the power and eficacy of Ordinances, 
 there God goes forth with life and power ; we can outfit 
 the mofi fpeaking and winning difcoveries of Chrijl, 
 there every notion, breeds motion in them ; the glory of 
 the Lord is much departed from us, there his rifing // 
 confpicuous and glorious. Ti^^ blind man found it good 
 to be in the way where ChriJI came : And who would be 
 
 in 
 
The Epiftle 
 
 in ^Egypt when there is light in Gofhen ? Oh that 
 
 England would he quickned by their rijings, and weep 
 
 over her own dec linings ! What a wonder is it that they 
 
 Jhould doe fo much, and we fo little, that they Jhould be 
 
 men in their infancy , and we fuch children in our 
 
 manhood, that they fo aSlive, we fo dead? That which 
 
 was Hieroms complaint may be ours, O that Infidelity 
 
 ftiould do that which thofe who profefle thenmfelvs 
 
 Heu! quod pra- belecvcrs cannot do ! We have the light of former 
 
 quod non prs- times, but Want the heat, knowledge abounds as the 
 
 ftitit fides. waters cover the fea, but we want the fait ; we have a 
 
 rfntibus' '"fuTt ^"''"^ °f Godlinefe, but want the power : And it wil be 
 
 Colidus, in no- fmal comfort Jhould God continue to us the form, and 
 
 bis Lucidus. Q2x^ to Others the power, to fuffer us to waft our f elves 
 
 with unneceffary brangles {which are the fweat of the 
 
 times) and in the mean to cary the life and power of 
 
 Religion unto others. 
 
 Let thefe poor Indians ftand up incentives to us, as 
 „ the Apojile fet up the Gentiles a provocation to the 
 
 ' lews : who knows but God gave life to New England, 
 to quicken Old, and hath warmed them, that they 
 might heat us, raifed them from the dead, that they 
 might recover us from that confumption, and thofe fad 
 decayes which are come upon us ? 
 
 This fmal Treatife is an ElTay to that end, an Indian 
 Sermon, though you will not hear us, pojjibly when fome 
 rife from the dead you will hear them. The main 
 Doctrin it preacheth unto all, is to value the Gofpel, 
 prize the Miniftry , loath not your Manna, furfet not 
 of your plenty, be thankfull for mercies, fruitfull under 
 means: Kw2ike.from your f umber, repair your decayes, 
 
 redeem 
 
To the Reader. 
 
 redeem your time, improve the feafons of your peace ; 
 anfwer to cals, open to knocks, attend to whifpers, obey 
 commands ; you have a name you live, take heed you bee 
 not dead, you are Chriftians in fhew, be fo indeed : 
 leaji as you have loft the power, God take away from you 
 the form alfo. 
 
 And you that are Minifters learn by this not to de- 
 fpond though you fee not prefent fruit of your labors, 
 though you fifh all night and catch nothing. God 
 hath a fullneffe of time to perform all his purpofes. 
 And the deepeft degeneracies, & wideft eftrangements 
 from God, Jhall be no bar or obftacle to the power and 
 freeneffe of his owne grace when that time is come. 
 
 And you that are Merchants, take incouragement 
 from hence to fcatter the beames of light, to fpread and 
 propagate the Gofpel into thofe dark corners of the earth ; 
 whither you traffick you take much from them, if you 
 can carry this to them, you wil make them an abundant 
 recompence. And you that are Chriftians indeed, rejoice 
 to fee the Curtaines of the "Tabernacle inlarged, the 
 bounds of the SanBuary extended, Chrift advanced, the 
 Goi^eX' propagated, and iouXs faved. And if ever the 
 love of God did center in your hearts, if ever the fenfe 
 of his goodnefs hath begot bowels of companion in you, 
 draw them forth towards them whom God hath fingled 
 out to be the objedts of his grace and mercy; lay out 
 your prayers, lend your afjiftance to carry on this day of 
 the Lord hegun among them. They are not able [as 
 yioi&^faid) to bear the burthen of that people alone, 
 to make provifionyor the children whom God hath given 
 them; & therefore it is requifte the fpiritual community 
 C Jhould 
 
The Epiftle, &c. 
 
 jhould help to bear part with them. Many of the young 
 ones are given and taken in, to be educated G? brought 
 up in Schooles, they are naked and mujl be clad, they 
 want al things, and muji be fupplyed. The Parents 
 alfo, and many others being convinced of the evtll of an 
 idle life, defre to be employed in honefi labor, but they 
 want inftruments and tooles to fet them on work, and 
 caft-garments to throw upon thofe bodies, that their 
 loins may blefle you, whofe fouls Chriji hath cloathed. 
 Some worthy perfons have given much ; and if God Jh all 
 move the heart of others to offer willingly towards the 
 building of Chriji a Spirituall temple, it will certainly 
 remain upon their account, when the fmalleft rewards 
 from God, Jhall be better than the greateji layings out 
 for God. But we are making a relation, not a colleBion ; 
 we leave the whole to your Chrijlian conf deration, not 
 doubting but they who have tafled of mercy from God, will 
 It. 9. 14. ^^ ready to exercife compafjion to others, & commend you 
 unto him who gave himfelf for us, that hee might 
 redeem us from all iniquity, and purifie as well as pur- 
 chafe unto himfelf a peculiar people, zealous of good 
 works. 
 
 Stephen Mar/hall lohn Downam 'Tho. Goodwin 
 
 ler. Whitaker Philip Nye 'Tho. Cafe 
 
 Edmund Calamy Sy. Simp/on Simeon Afhe 
 
 William GreenhiU WiUiamet Cart. Samuel Bolton. 
 
 THE 
 
THE 
 
 CLEARE SVNSHINE 
 
 OF TH E 
 
 G O S P E L L, 
 
 Breaking forth upon the INDIANS 
 in New-England. 
 
 Much Honored and deare Sir, 
 
 (Hat glorious and fudden riling of 
 Chrift Jefus upon our poore Indians 
 which began a Httle before you fet 
 faile from thefe fhores, hath not beene 
 altogether clouded lince, but rather 
 broken out further into more light 
 and life, wherewith the moft High 
 hath vifited them ; and becaufe fome may call in 
 queftion the truth of the firfl relation, either becaufe 
 they may thinke it too good newes to be true, or be- 
 caufe fome perfons maligning the good of the Coun- 
 trey, are apt, as to aggravate to the utmpft any evill 
 thing againft it, fo to vilifie and extenuate any good 
 thing in it : and becaufe your felfe defired to heare 
 
 how 
 
2 The cleare Sun-Jhine of the Go/pel, 
 
 how farre fince God hath carried on that worke, 
 which yur owne eyes faw here begun ; I fhall there- 
 fore as faithfully and as briefly as I can, give you a 
 true relation of the progrefl!e of it, which I hope may 
 be a fufficient confirmation of what hath been pub- 
 liihed to the world before, having this as the chiefe 
 end in my owne eye, that the precious Saints and 
 people of God in England, beleeving what hath been 
 and may bee reported to them, of thefe things, may 
 help forward this work together with us by their 
 prayers and prayfes, as we defire to doe the like for 
 5 the worke of Chrift begun among them there. I 
 
 dare not fpeake too much, nor what I thinke about 
 thtir converfion, I have feen fo much falfenefle in 
 that point among many Englifh, that I am flow to 
 beleeve herein too haftily concerning thefe poore 
 naked men ; onely this is evident to all honeft hearts 
 that dwell neer them, and have obferved them, that 
 the work of the Lord upon them (what ever it bee) 
 is both unexpedled and wonderfull in fo fhort a time ; 
 I fl:aall fet downe things as they are, and then your 
 felfe and others to whom thefe may come, may judge 
 as you pleafe of them. 
 
 Soon after your departure hence, the awakening 
 of thefe Indians in our Towne raifed a great noyfe 
 among all the refl: round about us, efpecially about 
 
 *An inferiour Qoncord fide where the ^Sachim (as I remember) and 
 
 one or two more of his men, hearing of thefe things 
 
 and of the preaching of the Word, and how it wrought 
 
 *An Indian among them here, came therefore hither to '^Noona- 
 
 town fo called, mtum to the Indian Ledture, and what the Lord fpake 
 
 to 
 
Breaking forth upon the Indians in New-England. 3 
 
 to his heart wee know not, only it feems hee was fo 
 farre afFedted, as that he defired to become more Hke 
 to the Englifh, and to caft off thofe Indian wild and 
 finfull courfes they formerly lived in ; but when 
 divers of his men perceived their Sachims mind, they 
 fecretly oppofed him herein ; which oppofition being 
 known, he therefore called together his chiefs men 
 about him, & made a fpeech to this effedt unto them, 
 " viz. That they had no reafon at all to oppofe thofe 
 " courfes the Englifh were now taking for their good, 
 " for (faith hee) all the time you have lived after the 
 " Indian fafhion under the power and protection of 
 " higher Indian Sachems, what did they care for you ? 
 /** they onely fought their owne ends out of you, and 
 " therefore would exadt upon you, and take away 
 " your fkins and your Kettles & your Wampam from 
 " you at their own pleafure, & this was al that they re- 
 " regarded: but you may evidently fee that the 
 " Englifh mind no fuch things, care for none of your 
 " goods, but onely feeke your good and welfare, and 
 " in ftead of taking away, are ready to give to you ; 
 with many other things I now forget, which were 
 related by an eminent man of that town to me. 
 What the effed: of this fpeech was, we can tell no 
 otherwife then as the effedis fhewed it ; the firft thing 
 was, the making of certain Lawes for their more re- 
 ligious and civill government and behaviour, to the 
 making of which they craved the afliftance of one of 
 the chiefe Indians in Noonanetum, a very active Indian 
 to bring in others to the knowledge of God ; defiring 
 withall an able faithfull man in Concord to record 
 
 and 
 
4 'The cleave Sun-Jhine of the Gofpel, 
 
 , and keep in writing what they had generally agreed 
 
 the Church in Upon. Another efFe(9: was, their defire of *Mr. Eliofs 
 Roxbury, that coming up to them, to preach, as he could find time 
 /riln'thS among them; and the laft effeft was, their defire of 
 own Language having a Towne given them within the bounds of 
 Concord neare unto the Englilli. This latter when it 
 was propounded by the Sachim of the place, he was 
 demanded why hee defired a towne fo neare, when 
 as there was more roome for them up in the Coun- 
 try. To which the Sachim replyed, that he therefore 
 defired it becaufe he knew that if the Indians dwelt 
 far from the Englifh, that they would not fo much 
 care to pray, nor would they be fo ready to heare the 
 Word of God, but they would be all one Indians fl:ill ; 
 but dwelling neare the Englifh he hoped it might bee 
 otherwife with them then. The Town therefore was 
 granted them ; but it feemes that the oppofition made 
 by fome of themfelves more malignantly fet againft 
 thefe courfes, hath kept them from any prefent fetling 
 downe : and furely this' oppofition is a fpeciall finger 
 of Satan refifting thefe budding beginnings ; for what 
 more hopefull way of doing them good then by co- 
 habitation in fuch Townes, neare unto good exam- 
 ples, and fuch as may be continually whetting upon 
 them, and dropping into them of the things of God ? 
 what greater meanes at leafi: to civilize them ? as is 
 evident in the Cufco and Mexico Indians, more civill 
 then any elfe in this vaft Continent that wee know 
 of, who were reduced by the politick principles of 
 the two great conquering Princes of thofe Countries 
 after their long and tedious wars, from thefe wild and 
 
 wandring 
 
Breaking forth upon the Indians in New-England. 5 
 
 wandring courfe of life, unto a fetling into particular 
 Townes and Cities : but I forbear, only to confirme 
 the truth of thefe things, I have fent you the orders 
 agreed on at Concord by the Indians, under the hand 
 of two faithfull witneffes, who could teftifie more, if 
 need were, of thefe matters : I have fent you their 
 owne Copy and their own hands to it, which I have 
 here inferted. 
 
 Conclujions and Orders made and agreed upon by 
 divers Sachim% and other' principall men among Ji the 
 
 Indians at Concord, in the end of the eleventh moneth^ An. 1646. 
 
 1. 'TT^Hat every one that fhall abufe themfelves with 
 
 X wine or ftrong liquors, fhall pay for every 
 time fo abufing themfelves, los. 
 
 2. That there {hall be no more Pawwowing amongft 
 
 the Indians. And if any fhall hereafter ^Panvwow, 'Pawwows are 
 both he that fhall Powwow-, & he that fhall procure Witches or 
 
 I • -r> /in Sorcerers that 
 
 him to Powwow, fhall pay zos. apeece. cure by help of 
 
 3. They doe deiire that they may be flirred up to feek the devill. 
 after God. 
 
 4. They defire they may underftand the wiles of Satan, 
 and grow out of love with his fuggeflions, and 
 temptations. 
 
 5. That they may fall upon fome better courfe to im- 
 prove their time, then formerly. 
 
 6. That they may be brought to the fight of the 
 finne of lying, and whofoever fhall be found faulty 
 herein fhall pay for the firfl offence 5 s. the fecond 
 IOJ-. the third zos. 
 
 7. Whofoever 
 
6 "The cleare Sun-Jhine of the Gofpel, 
 
 7. Whofoever fhall fteale any thing from another, 
 fhall reftore fourfold. 
 
 8. They defire that no Indian hereafter fhall have any 
 more but one wife. 
 
 9. They defire to prevent falling out of Indians one 
 with another, and that they may live quietly one 
 by another. 
 
 1 o. That they may labour after humility and not be 
 proud. 
 
 1 1 . That when Indians doe wrong one to another, 
 they may be lyable to cenfure by fine or the like, 
 as the Englijh are. 
 
 1 2. That they pay their debts to the Englijh. 
 
 I 3. That they doe obferve the Lords- Day, and who- 
 foever fhall prophane it fhall pay zos. 
 
 14. That there fhall not be allowance to pick Lice, 
 as formerly, and eate them, and whofoever fhall 
 offend in this cafe fhall pay for every loufe a penny. 
 
 15. They will weare their haire comely, as the Eng- 
 lijh do, and whofoever fhall offend herein fhall 
 pay 5-f. 
 
 16. They intend to reforme themfelves, in their 
 former greafiing themfelves, under the Penalty of 
 5 J. for every default. 
 
 17. They doe all refolve to fet up prayer in their 
 fbclTXdlin" '^ig'^ams, and to feek to God both before and after 
 
 houfe as they meate. 
 
 live in. ' 18. If any commit the finne of fornication, being 
 fingle perfons, the man fhall pay 20 j. and the wo- 
 man 10 J. 
 19. If any man lie with a beafl he fhall die. 
 
 20. Whofoever 
 
anooe is a 
 
 Breaking forth upon the Indians in New-England. 7 
 
 20. Whofoever (hall play at their former games fhall 
 pay IOJ-. 
 
 21. Whofoever fhall commit adultery fhall be put to 
 death. 
 
 22. Wilfull Murder fhall be punifhed with death. 
 
 23. They fhall not difguife themfelves in their mourn- 
 ings, as formerly, nor fhall they keep a great noyfe 
 by howling. 
 
 24. The old Ceremony of the Maide walking alone 
 and living apart fo many dayes 20 j-. 
 
 25. No Indian fhall take an Englifh mans ^Canooe*p^Q 
 without leave under the penaltie of 5 s. fmall Boate 
 
 26. No Indian fhall come into any Englijh mans 
 houfe except he firfl: knock : and this they expedt 
 from the Englijh. 
 
 ij. Whofoever beats his wife fhall pay 20 j. 
 
 28. If any Indian fhall fall out with, and beate an- 
 other Indian, he fhall pay 20 j-. 
 
 29. They defire they may bee a towne, and either to 
 dwell on this fide the Beare Swamp, or at the Eafl 
 fide of Mr. Flints Pond. 
 
 Immediately after thefe things were agreed upon, 
 mofl of the Indians of thefe parts, fet up Prayer morn- 
 ing and evening in their families, and before and 
 after meat. They alfo generally cut their haire, and 
 were more civill in their carriage to the Englijh then 
 formerly. And they doe manifeft a great willing- 
 neffe to conform themfelves to the civill fafhions of 
 the Englijh. The Lords day they keepe a day of refl, 
 and minifler what edification they can to one another. 
 Thefe former orders were put into this forme by 
 D Captaine 
 
8 The cleave Sun-Jhine of the Gofpel, 
 
 Captaine Stmond Willard of Concord, whom the In- 
 dians with unanimous confent intreated to bee their 
 Recorder, being very foHcitous that what they did 
 agree upon might be faithfully preferved without 
 alteration. Thomas Flint. Simon Willard. 
 
 Thefe things thus wrought in a fhort time about 
 Concord fide, I looke upon as fruits of the miniftery 
 of the Word ; for although their high efteem bred 
 lately in them, efpecially the chief and heft of the 
 Englijh, together with that mean efteem many of 
 them have of themfelves, and therefore will call 
 themfelves fometimes poore Creatures, when they fee 
 and heare of their great diftance from others of the 
 Englifh ; I fay, although thefe things may be fome 
 caufes of making thefe orders and walking in thefe 
 courfes, yet the chiefe caufe feemes to bee the power 
 of the Word, which hath been the chiefe caufe of 
 thefe Orders, and therefore it is that untill now of 
 late they never fo much as thought of any of thefe 
 things. 
 
 I am not able to acquaint you very much from my 
 owne eye and eare witnefTe of things, for you know 
 the neare relation between me and the fire fide ufually 
 all winter time, onely I fhall impart two or three 
 things more of what I have heard and feen, and the 
 reft I fhall relate to you as I have received from 
 faithfull witnefi'es, who tefi:ifie nothing to me by 
 their writings, but what is feene in the open Sun, and 
 done in the view of all the world, and generally 
 known to be true of people abiding in thefe parts wee 
 hve in. As 
 
Breaking forth upon the Indians in New-England. 9 
 
 As foone as ever the fiercenefle of the winter was 
 paft, March. 3. 1647. I went out to Noonanetum to 
 the Indian Ledture, where Mr. Wilfon, Mr. Allen, of 
 Dedham, Mr. Dunjler, befide many other Chriftians 
 were prefent ; on which day perceiving divers of the 
 Indian women well affedled, and conlidering that 
 their foules might ftand in need of anfwer to their 
 fcruples as well as the mens ; & yet becaufe we knew 
 how unfit it was for women fo much as to afke quef- 
 tions publiquely immediatly by themfelves ; wee did 
 therefore defire them to propound any queftions they 
 would bee refolved about by firft acquainting either 
 their Hufbands, or the Interpreter privately there- 
 with : whereupon we heard two queftions thus or- 
 derly propounded ; which becaufe they are the firft 
 that ever were propounded by Indian women in fuch 
 an ordinance that ever wee heard of, and becaufe they 
 may bee otherwife ufefull, I fliall therefore fet them 
 downe. 
 
 The firft queftion was propounded by the wife of 
 one Wampooas a well affedled Indian, viz. " Whether 
 " (faid fhe) do I pray when my huft)and prayes if I 
 " fpeak nothing as he doth, yet if I like what he faith, 
 " and my heart goes with it ? (for the Indians will 
 many times pray with their wives, and with their 
 children alfo fometime in the fields) ftiee therefore 
 fearing left prayer ftiould onely be an externall adlion 
 of the lips, enquired if it might not be alfo an inward 
 action of the heart, if ftie liked of what he faid. 
 
 The fecond queftion was propounded by the Wife 
 of one Totherfivampe, her meaning in her queftion 
 
 (as 
 
lo The cleare Sun-Jhine of the Gofpel, 
 
 (as wee all perceived) was this, viz. " Whether a huf- 
 " band fhould do well to pray with his wife, and yet 
 " continue in his paffions, & be angry with his wife ? 
 But the modefty and wifdome of the woman dired:ed 
 her to doe three things in one, for thus fhee fpake to 
 us, viz. " Before my hufband did pray hee was much 
 " angry and froward, but fince hee hath begun to 
 " pray hee was not angry fo much, but little angry : 
 wherein firft fhee gave an honorable teftimony of her 
 hufband and commended him for the abatement of 
 his paflion ; fecondly, fhee gave implicitly a fecret 
 reproofe for what was paft, and for fomewhat at pre- 
 fent that was amifTe ; and thirdly, it was intended by 
 her as a queftion whether her hufband fhould pray 
 to God, and yet continue in fome unruly paflions ; 
 but fhe wifely avoyded that, left it might refledt too 
 much upon him, although wee defired her to expreffe 
 if that was not her meaning. 
 
 At this time (befide thefe quefhions) there were 
 fundry others propounded of very good ufe, in all 
 which we faw the Lord Jefus leading them to make 
 narrow inquiries into the things of God, that fo they 
 might fee the reality of them, I have heard few 
 Chriflians when they begin to looke toward God, 
 \ make more fearching queflions that they might fee 
 "■"^ things really, and not onely have a notion of them : 
 I forbeare to mention any of them, becaufe I forget 
 the chiefe of them; onely this wee tooke notice of 
 at this dayes meeting, that there was an aged Indian 
 who propofed his complaint in propounding his 
 queflion concerning an unruly difobedient fon, and 
 
 " what 
 
Breaking forth upon the Indians in New-England. 1 1 
 
 " what one fhould do with him in cafe of obftinacy 
 " and difobedience, and that will not heare Gods 
 " Word, though his Father command him, nor will 
 " not forfake his drunkenneife, though his father 
 " forbid him ? Unto which there were many an- 
 fwers to fet forth the finne of difobedience to pa- 
 rents; which were the more quickned and fliarpned 
 becaufe wee knew that this rebellious fonne whom 
 the old man meant, was by Gods providence prefent 
 at this Ledture : Mr. Wilfon was much inlarged, and 
 fpake fo terribly, yet fo gracioufly as might have af- 
 fed:ed a heart not quite fhut up, which this young 
 defperado hearing (who well underftood the Englijh 
 tongue) inftead of humbling himfelf before the Lords 
 Word, which touched his confcience and condition 
 fo neare, hee was filled with a fpirit of Satan, and as 
 foone as ever Mr. Wilfons fpeech was ended hee brake 
 out into a loud contemptuous expreflion ; So, faith he : 
 which we pafled by without fpeaking againe, leaving 
 the Word with him, which we knew would one day 
 take its effedl one way or other upon him. 
 
 The latter end of this yeare Mr. Wilfon, Mr. Eliot, 
 and my felfe were fent for by thofe in Yarmouth to 
 meet with fome other Elders of Plimouth pattent, to 
 heare and heale (if it were the will of Chrift) the 
 difference and fad breaches which have been too long 
 a time among them, wherein the Lord was very mer- 
 ciful! to us and them in binding them up beyond our 
 thoughts in a very fhort time, in giving not only that 
 bruifed Church but the whole Towne alfo a hopefmll 
 beginning of fetled peace and future quietnelTe ; but 
 
 Mr. 
 
1 2 The clear e Sun-Jhine of the Go/pel, 
 
 Mr. Eliot as hee takes all other advantages of time, fo 
 hee tooke this, of fpeaking with, and preaching to the 
 poore Indians in thefe remote places about Cape Cod: 
 in which journey I fhall acquaint you with what all 
 of us obferved. 
 
 Wee firft found thefe Indians (not very farre from 
 ours) to underftand (but with much difficulty) the 
 ufuall language of thofe in our parts, partly in regard 
 to the different dialed: which generally varies in 40. 
 or 60. miles, and partly and efpecially in regard of 
 their not being accuftomed unto facred language 
 about the holy things of God, wherein Mr. Eliot ex- 
 cells any other of the Englijh, that in the Indian lan- 
 guage about common matters excell him : I fay there- 
 fore although they did with much difficulty under- 
 ftand him, yet they did underftand him, although by 
 many circumlocutions and variations of fpeech and 
 the helpe of one or two Interpreters which were then 
 prefent. 
 
 Secondly, wee obferved much oppofition againft 
 him, and hearing of him at the day appointed, efpe- 
 cially by one of the chiefeft" Sachims in thofe parts, a 
 man of a fierce, ftrong and furious fpirit whom the 
 Englijh therefore call by the n^ivne Jehu: who although 
 before the day appointed for preaching, promifed 
 very faire that he would come and bring his men 
 with him ; yet that very morning when they were to 
 bee prefent, he fends out almoft all his men to Sea, 
 pretending fiftiing, and therefore although at laft he 
 came late himfelfe to the Sermon, yet his men were 
 abfent, and when he came himfelf, would not feem 
 
 to 
 
Breaking forth upon the Indians in New-England. 1 3 
 
 to underftand any thing, although hee did underftand 
 as fome of the Indians themfelves then told us, when 
 Mr. Eliot by himfelf and by them inquired of him if 
 he underftood what was fpoken : yet he continued 
 hearing what was faid with a dogged looke and dif- 
 contented countenance. 
 
 Thirdly, notwithftanding this oppolition wee found 
 another Sachim then prefent willing to learne, and 
 divers of his men attentive and knowing what was faid : 
 and in the time which is ufually fet apart for propound- 
 ing queftions, an aged Indian told us openly, " That 
 " thefe very things which Mr. Eliot had taught them 
 " as the Commandements of God, and concerning 
 " God, and the making of the world by one God, 
 " that they had heard fome old men who were now 
 " dead, to fay the fame things, fince whofe death there 
 " hath been no remembrance or knowledge of them 
 " among the Indians untill now they heare of them 
 againe. Which when I heard folemnly fpoken, I 
 could not tell how thofe old Indians fhould attaine 
 to fuch knowledge, unleleffe perhaps by means of the 
 French Preacher caft upon thofe coafts many yeers 
 fince, by whofe miniftry they might poffibly reape 
 and retaine fome knowledge of thofe things ; this alfo 
 I hear by a godly and able Chriftian who hath much 
 converfe with them ; that many of them have this 
 apprehenfion now ftirring among them, viz. " That 
 " their forefathers did know God, but that after this, 
 " they fell into a great fleep, and when they did awaken 
 " they quite forgot him, (for under fuch metaphori- 
 cal! language they ufually expreffe what eminent 
 
 things 
 
14 T^he clear e Sun-Jhine of the Go/pel, 
 
 things they meane :) fo that it may feeme to be the 
 day of the Lords gracious vifitation of thefe poore 
 Natives, which is juft as it is with all other people, 
 when they are moft low, the wheele then turnes, 
 and the Lord remembers to have mercy. 
 
 Fou'rthly, a fourth and laft obfervation wee took, 
 was the ftory of an Indian in thofe parts, telling us 
 of his dreame many yeers fince, which he told us of 
 openly before many witnefles when we fate at meat: 
 the dreame is this, hee faid " That about two yeers 
 " before the Englijh came over into thofe parts there 
 " was a great mortality among the Indians, and one 
 " night he could not fleep above half the night, after 
 " which hee fell into a dream, in which he did think 
 " he faw a great many men come to thofe parts in 
 , " cloths, juft as the Englijh now are apparelled, and 
 " among them there arofe up a man all in black, with a 
 " thing in his hand which hee now fees was all one 
 " Englijh mans book ; this black man he faid ftood 
 " upon a higher place then all the reft, and on the one 
 " fide of him were the Englijh, on the other a great 
 " number of Indians: this man told all the Indians 
 " that God was moofquantum or angry with them, and 
 " that he would kill them for their finnes, whereupon 
 " he faid himfelf ftood up, and defired to know of the 
 " black man what God would do with him and his 
 " Squaw and Papoofes, but the black man would not 
 " anfwer him a firft time, nor yet a fecond time, un- 
 " till he defired the third time, and then he fmil'd 
 " upon him, and told him that he and his Papoofes 
 " fliould be fafe, and that God would give unto them 
 
 " Mitcheu, 
 
»»^ 
 
 Breaking fortA upon the Indians in New-England. 1 5 
 
 " Mitcheu, (/. e.) vidlualls and other good things, and 
 fo hee awakened. What iimilitude this dream hath 
 with the truth accomplifhed, you may eafily fee. I 
 attribute little to dreams, yet God may fpeak to fuch 
 by them rather then to thofe who have a more fure 
 Word to diredt and warn them, yet this dream made 
 us think furely this Indian will regard the black man 
 now come among them rather then any others of 
 them : but whether Satan, or fear, and guilt, or world 
 prevailed, we cannot fay, but this is certaine, that he 
 withdrew from the Sermon, and although hee came 
 at the latter end of it, as hoping it had been done, yet 
 we could not perfwade him then to flay and hear, 
 but away he flung, and we faw him no more till next 
 day. 
 
 From this third of March untill the latter end of 
 this Summer I could not be .prefent at the Indian 
 Lediures, but when I 'came this lafl: time, I marvailed 
 to fee fo many Indian men, women and children in 
 Englijh apparell, they being at Noonanetum generally 
 clad, efpecially upon Ledlure dayes, which they have 
 got partly by gift from the Englijh, and partly by 
 their own labours, by which fome of them have very 
 handfomely apparelled themfelves, & you would fcarce 
 know them from Englijh people. There is one 
 thing more which I would, acquaint you with, which 
 hapned this Summer, viz. June 9. the firfl day of the 
 Synods meeting at Cambridge, where the forenoon 
 was fpent in hearing a Sermon preached by one of 
 the Elders as a preparative to the worke of the Synod, 
 the afternoon was fpent in hearing an Indian Ledture 
 E where 
 
1 6 T&e clear e Sun-Jhine of the Gojpel, 
 
 where there was a great confluence of Indians all parts 
 to heare Mr. Eliot, which we conceived not unfeafon- 
 able at fuch a time, partly that the reports of Gods 
 worke begun among them, might be feen and be- 
 leeved of the chief who were then fent and met from 
 all the Churches of Chrift in the Countrey, who 
 could hardly beleeve the reports they had received 
 concerning thefe new ftirs among the Indians, and 
 partly hereby to raife up a greater ipirit of prayer for 
 the carrying on of the work begun upon the Indians, 
 among all the Churches and fervants of the Lord 
 Jefus : The Sermon was fpent in fhewing them their 
 miferable condition without Chrift, out of Ephef. 2. 1 . 
 that they were dead in trefpafTes and finnes, and in 
 pointing unto them the Lord Jefus, who onely could 
 quicken them. 
 
 When the Sermon was done, there was a conve- 
 nient fpace of time fpent in hearing thofe queftions 
 which the Indians publikely propounded, and in 
 giving anfwers to them ; one queftion was, What 
 Countrey man Chriji was, and where was he born ? 
 
 Another was, How farre off that place was from us 
 here ? 
 
 Another was, Where Chriji now was F 
 
 And another. How they might lay hold on him, and 
 where, being now abfent from them P with fome other 
 to this purpofe; which received full anfwers from 
 feverall hands. But that which I note is this, that 
 their gracious attention to the Word, the afFedlions 
 and mournings of fome of them under it, their fober 
 propounding of divers fpirituall queftions, their apt- 
 
 nefle 
 
Breaking forth upon the Indians in New-England. 1 7 
 
 neffe to underftand and beleeve what was replyed to 
 them, the readineffe of divers poore naked children 
 to anfwer openly the chief queftions in Catechifm 
 which were formerly taught them, and fuch like ap- 
 pearances of a great change upon them, did marvel- 
 loufly afFed: all the wife and godly Minifters, Magif- 
 trates, & people, and did raife their hearts up to great 
 thankfulnefle to God ; very many deeply and abund- 
 antly mourning for joy to fee fuch a bleffed day, and 
 the Lord Jefus fo much known and fpoken of among 
 fuch as never heard of him before : So that if any in 
 England doubt of the truth of what was formerly 
 writ, or if any malignant eye fhall queftion and vilifie 
 this work, they will now fpeak too late, for what 
 was here done at Cambridge was not fet under a 
 Bufhell, but in the open Sunne, that what Thomas 
 would not beleeve by the reports of others, he might 
 be forced to beleeve, by feeing with his own eyes and 
 feeling Chrift Jefus thus rifen among them with his 
 own hands. 
 
 I have done with what I have obferved my felf ; 1 
 (hall therefore proceed to give you a true relation of 
 what I have heard from others, and many faithfuU 
 witnefTes have feene : and firft I fhall fpeake a little 
 more of the old man who is mentioned in the ftory 
 now in print; this old man hath much afFedtion 
 ftirred up by the Word, and comming to Mr. Eliots 
 houfe (for of him I had this ftory) Mr. Eliot told him 
 that becaufe he brought his . wife & all his children 
 conftantly to the Ledlure, that he would therefore 
 beftow fome Cloths upon him, (it being now winter 
 
 & 
 
1 8 The cleare Sun-fhine of the Gofpel, 
 
 & the old man naked :) which promife he not cer- 
 tainly underftanding the meaning of, alked therefore 
 of another Indian (who is Mr. EHots fervant and very 
 hopefull) what it was that Mr. Eliot promifed him } 
 he told him that hee faid hee would give him fome- 
 Cloths ; which when hee underftood, hee affeftion- 
 ately brake out into thefe expreffions, God I fee is 
 mercifull : a bleffed, becaufe a plain hearted affedtion- 
 ate fpeech, and worthy Englijh mens thoughts when 
 they put on their Cloths ; to thinke that a poor 
 blind Indian that fcarce ever heard of God before, 
 that he Ihould fee not only God in his Cloths, but 
 mercy alfo in a promife of a caft off worne fute of 
 Cloths, which were then given him, and which now 
 he daily weares. But to proceed ; 
 
 This fame old man (as I think a little before hee 
 had thefe Cloths) after an Indian Lefture, when they 
 ufually come to propound queftions; inftead of afk- 
 ing a queftion, began to fpeak to the reft of the In- 
 dians, and brake out into many expreffions of won- 
 dring at Gods goodneffe unto them, that the Lord 
 fhould at laft look upon them and fend his Word as 
 a light unto them that had been in darkneffe and fuch 
 groffe ignorance fo long ; me wonder (faith he) at 
 God that he fhould thus deale with us. This fpeech 
 expreffed in many words in the Indian Language, and 
 with ftrong actings of his eyes and hands, being in- 
 terpreted afterward to the Englijh, did much alfo afFed: 
 all of them that were prefent at this Le6ture alfo. 
 
 There were this winter many other queftions pro- 
 pounded, which were writ down by Mr. Edward 
 
 fackfon 
 
Breaking forth upon the Indians in New-England. 1 9 
 
 Jack/on one of our Town, conftantly prefent at thefe 
 Ledlures, to take notes both of the queftions made by 
 the Indians and returned by Mr. Eliot to them ; this 
 man having fent me in his notes, I fhall fend you a 
 tail of fome of them. 
 
 1 Why fome men were fo bad, that they hate thofe men 
 that would teach them good things ? 
 
 2 Whether the devill or man were made firft ? 
 
 3 Whether if a father prayes to God to teach his fons 
 to know him, and he doth teach them himfelf and they 
 will not learn to know God, what Jhould fuch fathers 
 doe? (this was propounded by an old man that had 
 rude children.) 
 
 4 A * Squaw propounded this queftion, /i^^^/ii^r * Indian wo- 
 Jhe might not go & pray in fome private place in the^^^' 
 
 woods, when her hujband was not at home, becaufe Jhe 
 was ajhamed to pray in the Wigwam before company ? 
 
 5 How may one know wicked men, who are good and 
 who are bad? 
 
 6 To what Nation Jefus Chriji came firf unto, and 
 when ? 
 
 "J If a man Jhould be inclofed in Iron a foot thick and 
 thrown into the fire, what would become of his foule, 
 whether could the foule come forth thence or not ? 
 
 8 Why did not God give all men good hearts that they 
 might bee good ? ' 
 
 9 If one Jhould be taken among firange Indians that 
 know not God, and they would make him to fight againfi 
 
 fome that he Jhould not, and he refufe, and for his refufall 
 they kill him, what would become of his foule in fuch a » 
 
 cafe? 
 
20 The cleare Sun-Jhine of the Gofpel, 
 
 * They hold cafe ? This was propounded by a *ftout fellow who 
 
 ftout i'S- ^^^ afFecfted. 
 
 iant men have • I o How long it is before men beleeve that have the 
 a reward after Word of God made known to them ? 
 ^^^^^' 1 1 How they Jhould know when their faith is good, 
 
 and their prayers good prayers ? 
 
 1 2 Why did not God kill the Devill that made all 
 men fo bad, God having all power ^ 
 
 13 If we be made weak by fnne in our hearts, how 
 can we come before God tofanBifie a Sabbath ? 
 
 There were many more queftions of this kind, as 
 alfo many Philofophicall about the Sunne, Moon, 
 Stars, Earth and Seas, Thunder, Lightning, Earth- 
 quakes, &c. which I forbear to make mention of, left 
 I fhould clog your time with reading, together with 
 the various anfwers to them : by thefe you may per- 
 ceive in what ftreame their minds are carried, and 
 that the Lord Jefus hath at laft an enquiring people 
 among thefe poor naked men, that formerly never fo 
 much as thought of him ; which queftionings and 
 enquiries are accounted of by fome as part of the 
 whitenings of the harveft toward, wherever they are 
 found among any people, the good and benefit that 
 comes to them hereby is and will be exceeding great. 
 
 We had this year a jnalignant drunken Indian, that 
 (to caft fome reproach, as wee feared, upon this way) 
 boldly propounded this queftion, Mr. Eliot (faid he) 
 Who made Sack ? who made Sack f but he was foon 
 
 • That is a fnib'd by the other Indians, calling it *a Papoofe quef- 
 chiidiCi quef- tj[on, and ferioufly and gravely anlwered (not fo much 
 
 to his queftion as to his fpirit) by Mr. Eliot, which 
 
 hath 
 
Breaking forth upon the Indians in New- England. 2 1 
 
 hath cooled his boldnefle ever fince, while others 
 have gone on comfortably in this profitable and plea- 
 fant way. 
 
 The man who fent me thefe and the like queftions 
 with their feverall anfwers in writing, concluded his 
 letter with this ftory, which I fhall here infert, that 
 you may fee the more of God among thefe poore 
 people : " Upon the 25. of Aprill laft (faith he) 
 " I had fome occafion to go to fpeak with ^JVahun *An Indian 
 " about Sun-rifing in the morning, and flaying fome ^*'^"'"'- 
 " half an hours time, as I came back by one of 
 " the Wigwams, the man of that Wigwam was at 
 " prayer ; at which I was fo much afFedled, that I 
 " could not but fland under a Tree within hearing, 
 " though I could not underfland but little of his 
 " words, and confider that God was fulfilling his 
 " Word, viz. The ends of the earth Jhall remember 
 " themfelves and turne unto him ; and that Scripture, 
 " Thou art the God that hearejl prayer, vnto thee jhall 
 " all flejh come. 
 
 " Alfo this prefent September I have obferved one of 
 " them to call his children to him from their gather- 
 " ing of Corne in the field, and to crave a blefhng, with 
 " much affedtion, having but a homely dinner to eate. 
 
 Thefe things me thinkes fhould move bowels, and 
 awaken Engltjh hearts to be thankfull, it is no fmall 
 part of Religion to awaken with God in family 
 prayer, (as it feemes thefe doe it early) and to crave a 
 bleffing with affedtionate hearts upon a homely din- 
 ner, perhaps parcht Corne or Indian flalks : I wifh 
 the like hearts and wayes were feen in majiy Englijh 
 
 who 
 
22 The clear e Sun-Jhine of the Go/pel, 
 
 who profefle themfelves Chriftians, and that herein 
 and many the like excellencies they were become 
 Indians, excepting that name, as he did in another 
 cafe, except his bonds : and that you may fee not only 
 how farre Religion, but civility hath taken place 
 among them, you may be pleafed therefore to perufe 
 this Court Order, which is here inferted. 
 
 The Order made laft Gener all Court at Bofton the 26. of 
 May, 1647. concerning the Indians, &c. 
 
 VPon information that the Indians dwelling among 
 us, and fubmitted to our government, being by 
 the Miniftry of the Word brought to fome civility, 
 are defirous to have a courfe of ordinary Judicature 
 fet up among them : It is therefore ordered by au- 
 thority of this Court, that fome one or more of the 
 Magiftrates, as they fhall agree amongft themfelves, 
 fhall once every quarter keep a Court at fuch place, 
 where the Indians ordinarily alTemble to hear the 
 Word of God, and may then hear and determine all 
 caufes both civill and criminall, not being capitall, 
 concerning the Indians only, and that the Indian 
 Sachims fhall have libertie to take order in the nature 
 of Summons or Attachments, to bring any of their 
 own people to the faid Courts, and to keep a Court 
 of themfelves, every moneth if they fee occafion, to 
 determine fmall caufes of a civill nature, and fuch 
 fmaller criminall caufes as the faid Magiftrates fhall 
 
 referre 
 
Breaking forth upon the Indians in NeiV'- England. 23 
 
 referre to them ; and the faid Sachims fliall appoint 
 Officers to ferve Warrants, and to execute the Orders 
 and Judgements of either of the faid Courts, which 
 Officers (hall from time to time bee allowed by the 
 faid Magiftrates in the quarter Courts or by the Gov- 
 ernour : And that all fines to bee impofed upon any 
 Indian in any of the faid Courts, fhall goe and bee 
 beftowed towards the building of fome meeting 
 houfes, for education of their pooref children in learn- 
 ing, or other publick ufe, by the advice of the faid 
 Magiftrates and of Mafter Eliot, or of fuch other 
 Elder, as fhall ordinarily inftrudl them in the true 
 Religion. And it is the defire of this Court, that 
 thefe Magiftrates and Mr. Eliot or fuch other Elders 
 as fhall attend the keeping of the faid Courts will 
 carefully indeavour to make the Indians underftand 
 our moft ufefull Lawes, and the principles of reafon, 
 juftice and equity whereupon they are grounded, & 
 it is defired that fome care may be taken of the Indians 
 on the Lords dayes. 
 
 Thus having had a defire to acquaint you with 
 thefe proceedings among the Indians, and being de- 
 firous that you might more fully underftand, efpe- 
 cially from him who is beft able to judge, I did 
 therefore intreat my brother Eliot after fome confer- 
 ence about thefe things, to fet down under his own 
 hand what he hath obferved lately among them : 
 which I do therefore herein fend unto you in his owne 
 hand writing as he fent it unto mee, which I think is 
 worthy all Chriftian thankfull eares to heare, and 
 F wherein 
 
24 ^he clear e Sun-Jhine of the Gofpel, 
 
 wherein they may fee a little of the Spirit of this man 
 of God, whom in other refpedts, but efpecially for his 
 unweariednefle in this work of God, going up and 
 down among them and doing them good, I think we 
 can never love nor honour enough. 
 
 The Letter of Mr, Eliot to T. S. concerning the late 
 'work of God among the Indians. 
 
 Deare Brother, 
 
 AT your defire I have wrote a few things touching 
 the Indians which at prefent came to my mind, 
 as being fome of thofe paffages which took principal! 
 impreffion in my heart, wherein I thought I faw the 
 Lord, and faid the finger of God is here. 
 
 That which I firft aymed at was to declare & de- 
 liver unto them the Law of God, to civilize them, 
 w*^!^ courfe the Lord took by Mofes, to give the Law 
 to that rude company becaufe of tranfgreffion. Gal. 
 3. 19. to convince, bridle, reftrain, and civilize them, 
 and alfo to humble them. But when I firft attempted 
 it, they gave no heed unto it, but were weary, and 
 rather defpifed what I faid. Awhile after God ftir- 
 red up in fome of them a defire to come into the 
 Englijh fafhions, and live after their manner, but knew 
 not how to attain unto it, yea defpaired that ever it 
 fhould come to pafl"e in their dayes, but thought that 
 in 40. yeers more, fome Indians would be all one 
 Englifti, and in an hundred yeers, all Indians here 
 about, would fo bee : which when I heard (for fome 
 
 of 
 
Breaking forth upon the Indians in New-England. 25 
 
 of them told me they thought fo, and that fome wife 
 Indians faid fo) my heart moved within mee, abhor- 
 ring that wee fhould fit ftill and let that work alone, 
 and hoping that this motion in them was of the Lord, 
 and that this mind in them was a preparative to im- 
 r brace the Law and Word of God ; and therefore I 
 ,,^\^ told them that th ey and wee were already all one 
 y iav^in twTMthyigS;,_which maEe" the only difference 
 betwixt them and us : Firft, we know, ferve, and 
 pfay'^'iinto God, and-th^y doe not : Secondly, we 
 labour and work in building, planting, clothing our 
 felves, &c. and they doe not : and would they but doe 
 as wee doe in thefe things, they would be all one 
 with Englijh men : they faid they did not know God, 
 and therefore could not tell how to pray to him, nor 
 ferve him. I told them if they would learn to know 
 God, I would teach them : unto which they being 
 very willing, I then taught them (asl fundry times had 
 indeavored afore) but never found them fo forward, 
 attentive and defirous to learn till this time, and then 
 I told them I would come to their Wigwams, and 
 teach them, their wives and children, which they 
 feemed very glad of; and from that day forward I 
 have not failed to doe that poore little which you 
 know I doe. 
 
 I firft began with the Indians of Noonanetum, as you 
 know ; thofe of Dorchejler mill not regarding any 
 fuch thing : but the better fort of them perceiving 
 how acceptable this was to the Englifh, both to 
 Magiftrates, and all the good people, it pleafed God 
 to ftep in and bow their hearts to defire to be taught 
 
 to 
 
26 The cleare Sun-Jhine of the Gofpel, 
 
 to know God, and pray unto him likewife, and had 
 I not gone unto them alfo, and taught them when I 
 did, they had prevented me, and defired me fo to do, 
 as I afterward heard. 
 
 The efFedl of the Word which appears among 
 them, and the change that is among them is this : 
 Firft, they have utterly forfaken all their Powwaws, 
 and given over that diabolicall exercife,, being con- 
 vinced that it is quite contrary to praying unto God ; 
 yea fundry of their Powwaivs have renounced their 
 wicked imployment, have condemned it as evill, and 
 refolved never to ufe it any more ; others of them, 
 feeing their imployment and gaines were utterly gone 
 here, have fled to other places, where they are ftill 
 entertained, and have raifed lies, flanders, and an evill 
 report upon thofe that heare the Word, and pray unto 
 God, and alfo upon the Englifh that indeavour to 
 reclaime them and inflirudt them, that fo they might 
 difcourage others from praying unto God, for that 
 they account as a principall figne of a good man, and 
 call all religion by that name, praying to God ; and 
 befide they mock and fcoffe at thofe Indians which 
 pray, and blafpheme God when they pray ; as this is 
 one inftance. A fober Indian going up into the 
 countrey with two of his fons, did pray (as his man- 
 ner was at home) and talked to them of God and 
 Jefus Chrift : but they mocked, & called one of his 
 fons Jehovah, and the other Jefus Chriji: fo that they 
 are not without oppofition raifed by the Powwaws, 
 and other wicked Indians. 
 
 Againe as they have forfaken thi^ir former Reli- 
 gion, 
 
Breaking forth upon the Indians in New-England. 27 
 
 gion, and manner of worfliip, fo they doe pray unto 
 God conftantly in their families, morning and eve- 
 ning, and that with great afFedtion, as hath been feen 
 and heard by fundry that have gone to their Wigwams 
 at fuch times ; as alfo when they goe to meat they 
 folemnly pray and give thanks to God, as they fee the 
 Englifh to doe : fo that that curfe which God threat- 
 ens to poure out upon the families that call not on his 
 name, is through his grace, and tender mercy flayed 
 from breaking forth againft them, and when they 
 come to Englifli houfes, they defire to be taught ; 
 and if meat bee given them, they pray and give thanks 
 to God : and ufually exprefle their great joy, that 
 they are taught to know God, and their great affec- 
 tion to them that teach them. 
 
 Furthermore they are carefull to inflrudl their 
 children, that fo when I come they might be ready 
 to anfwer their Catechize, which by the often repeat- 
 ing of it to the children, the men and women can 
 readily anfwer to. 
 
 Likewife they are carefull to fandtifie the Sabbath, 
 but at firft they could not tell how to doe it, and they 
 afked of mee how they fhould doe it, propounding it 
 as a queflion whether they fhould come to the Eng- 
 lifh meetings or meet among themfelves ; they faid, 
 if they come to the Englifh meetings they underfland 
 nothing, or to no purpofe, and if they met. together 
 among themfelves, they had none that could teach 
 them. I told them that it was not pleafing to God, 
 nor profitable to themfelves, to hear and underfland 
 nothing, nor having any that cauld interpret to 
 
 them. 
 
28 The c leave Sun-Jhine of the Gofpel, 
 
 them. Therefore I counfelled them to meet [to- 
 gether, and defire thofe that were the wifeft and beft 
 men to pray, and then to teach the reft fuch things 
 V as I had taught them from Gods Word, as well as 
 — 7 they could ; and when one hath done, then let another 
 / do the like, and then a third, and when that was 
 done afke queftions, and if they could not anfwer 
 them, then remember to afke me, &c. and to pray 
 unto God to help them therein : and this is the man- 
 ner how they fpend their Sabbaths. 
 
 They are alfo ftrid: againft any prophanation of 
 the Sabbath, by working, fifhing, hunting, &c. and 
 have a Law to punifh fuch as are delinquents therein 
 by a fine of \os. and fundry cafes they have had, 
 wherein they have very ftridtly profecuted fuch as 
 have any way prophaned the Sabbath. As for ex- 
 ample, upon a Sabbath morning Cutchamaquin the 
 Sachim his wife going to fetch water met with other 
 women, and fhe began to talk of worldly matters, 
 and fo held on their difcourfe a while, which evill 
 came to Nahantons eare, who was to teach that day 
 (this Nahanton is a fober good man, and a true friend 
 to the Engliih ever fince our comming) fo he bent his 
 difcourfe to fhew the fandbification of the Sabbath, & 
 reproved fuch evils as did violate the fame ; & among 
 other things worldly talk, and thereupon reproved 
 that which he heard of that morning. After hee 
 had done, they fell to difcourfe about it, and fpent 
 much time therein, hee ftanding to prove that it was 
 a finne, and fhe doubting of it, feeing it was early in 
 the morning, and in private ; and alledging that he 
 
 was 
 
Breaking forth upon the Indians in New-England. 29 
 
 was more to blame then fhe, becaufe he had occa- 
 fioned fo much difcourfe in the publick meeting: 
 but in conclufion they determined to refer the cafe 
 to me, and accordingly they did come to my houfe 
 on the fecond day morning and opened all the matter, 
 and I gave them fuch diredtions as the Lord diredted 
 me unto, according to his holy Word. 
 
 Another cafe was this, upon a Lords day towards 
 night two ftrangers came to Wahans Wigwam (it be- 
 ing ufuall with them to travaile on that day, as on 
 any other ; (and when they came in, they told him 
 that at a place about a mile off they had chafed a 
 Rackoone, and he betook himfelf into an hollow tree, 
 and if they would goe with them, they might fell 
 the tree and take him : at which tidings, Wahan be- 
 ing willing to be fo well provided to entertain thofe 
 ftrangers (a common pradtife among them, freely to 
 entertain travailers and ftrangers) he fent his two fer- 
 vants with them, who felled the tree, and took the 
 beaft. But this adt of his was an offence to the reft, 
 who judged it a violation of the Sabbath, and moved 
 agitation among them : but the conclufion was, it 
 it was to bee moved as a queftion upon the next 
 Ledlure day; which was accordingly done, and re- 
 ceived fuch anfwer as the Lord guided unto by his 
 Word. 
 
 Another cafe was this, upon a Lords day their 
 publick meeting holding long, and fomewhat late, 
 when they came at home, in one Wigwam the fire was 
 almoft out, and therefore the man of the houfe, as he 
 fate by the fire fide took his Hatchet and fplit a little 
 
 dry 
 
30 Tie clear e Sun-Jhine of the Gofpel, 
 
 dry peece of wood, which they referve on purpofe 
 for fuch ufe, and fo kindled his fire, which being 
 taken notice of, it was thought to bee fuch a worke 
 as might not lawfully be done upon the Sabbath day, 
 and therefore the cafe was propounded the Ledture 
 following for their better information. 
 
 Thefe inftances may ferve to fhew their care of the 
 externall obfervation of the Sabbath day. 
 
 In my exercife among them (as you know) wee 
 attend foure things, befides prayer unto God, for his 
 prefence and bleffing upon all we doe. 
 
 Firft, I catechize the children and youth ; wherein 
 fome are very ready & expert, they can readily fay all 
 the Commandements, fo far as I have communicated 
 them, and all other principles about the creation, the 
 fall, the redemption by Chrift, &c. wherein alfo the 
 aged people are pretty expert, by the frequent repe- 
 tition thereof to the children, and are able to teach it 
 to their children at home, and do fo. 
 
 Secondly, I Preach unto them out of fome texts of 
 Scripture, wherein I ftudy all plainneffe, and brevity, 
 unto which many are very attentive. 
 
 Thirdly, if there be any occafion, we in the next 
 place go to admonition and cenfure ; unto which they 
 fubmit themfelves reverently, and obediently, and 
 fome of them penitently confeffing their fins with 
 much plainnefi'e, and without fhiftings, and excufes : 
 I will inftance in two or three particulars ; this was 
 one cafe, a man named Wampoowas, being in a paffion 
 upon fome light occafion did beat his wife, which 
 was a very great offence among them now (though 
 
 in 
 
Breaking forth upon the Indians in New-England. 3 1 
 
 in former times it was very ufuall) and they had made 
 a Law againft it, and fet a fine upon it ; whereupon 
 he was publikly brought forth before the Affembly, 
 which was great that day, for our Governor and 
 many other EngHfh were then prefent : the man 
 wholly condemned himfelf without any excufe : and 
 when he was aflced what provocation his wife gave 
 him ? he did not in the leaft meafure blame her but 
 himfelf, and when the quality of the finne was open- 
 ed, that it was cruelty to his own body, and againft 
 Gods Commandement, and that paffion was a finne, 
 and much aggravated by fuch effe6ts, yet God was 
 ready to pardon it in Chrift, &c. he turned his face 
 to the wall and wept, though with modeft indeavor 
 to hide it ; and fuch was the modeft, penitent, and 
 melting behavior of the man, that it much affedled 
 all to fee it in a Barbarian, and all did forgive hirn, 
 onely this remained, that they executed their Law 
 notwithftanding his repentance, and required his fine, 
 to which he willingly fubmitted and paid it. 
 
 Another cafe of admonition was this, Cutjhamaquin 
 the Sac him having a fon of about 14. or 15. yeers old, 
 he had bin drunk, & had behaved himfelf difobedi- 
 ently and rebellioufly againft his father and mother, 
 for which finne they did blame him, but he defpifed 
 their admonition. And before I knew of it, I did 
 obferve when I catechized him, when he fhould fay 
 the fift Commandement, he did not freely fay, Honor 
 thy father, but wholly left out mother, and fo he did 
 the Ledlure day before, but when this finne of his 
 was produced, he was called forth before the Afi"em- 
 
 G bly, 
 
32 The clear e Sun-Jhine of the Gofpel, 
 
 bly, and hee confefTed that what was faid againft him 
 was true, but hee fell to accufe his father of fundry 
 evils, as that hee would have killed him in his anger, 
 and that he forced him to drink Sack, and I know 
 not what elfe : which behavior wee greatly difliked, 
 fhewed him the evill of it, and Mr. Wilfon being 
 prefent laboured much with him, for hee underftood 
 the Englifh, but all in vaine, his heart was hard and 
 hopeleffe for that time, therefore ufing due loving 
 perfwafions, wee did fharply admonilh him of his 
 iinne, and required him to anfwer further the next 
 Ledture day, and fo left him ; and fo ftout he was, 
 that when his father offered to pay his fine of loj. 
 for his drunkenneffe according to their Law, he 
 would not accept it at his hand. When- the next day 
 was come, and other exercifes finiflied, I called him 
 forth, and he willingly came, but ftill in the fame 
 mind as before. Then wee turned to his father, and 
 exhorted him to remove that {tumbling block out of 
 his fonnes way, by confeffing his own jQnnes whereby 
 hee had given occafion of hardneffe of heart to his 
 fonne ; which thing was not fuddain to him, for I 
 -had formerly in private prepared him thereunto, and 
 hee was very willing to hearken to that counfell, be- 
 caufe his confcience told him he was blameworthy; 
 and accordingly he did, he confefTed his maine and 
 principall evils of his own accord : and upon this 
 advantage I took occafion to put him upon confeflion 
 of fundry other vices which I knew hee had in former 
 times been guilty of, and all the Indians knew it like- 
 wife ; and put it after this manner. Are you now forry 
 
 for 
 
Breaking forth upon the Indians in New-England. 3 3 
 
 for your drunkenneffe, filthines, falfe dealing, lying, &c. 
 which finnes you committed before you knew God ? 
 unto all which cafes, he expreffed himfelf forrowfull, 
 and condemned himfelf for them : which example 
 of the Sachim was profitable for all the Indians. And 
 when he had thus confeffed his finnes, we turned 
 againe to his fonne and laboured with him, requiring 
 him to confefi"e his finne, and intreat God to forgive 
 him for Chrift his fake, and to confefl'e his offence 
 againfl: his father and mother, and intreat them to 
 forgive him, but he fiiill. refufed ; and now the other 
 Indians fpake unto him foberly, and afi^eftionately, to 
 put him on, and divers fpake one after another, and 
 fome feverall times. Mr. Wilfon againe did much 
 labour with him, and at lafi; he did humble himfelf, 
 confefl"ed all, and intreated his father to forgive him, 
 and took him by the hand, at which his father burft 
 forth into great weeping : hee did the fame alfo to 
 his mother, who wept alfo, and fo did divers others ; 
 and many Englifh being prefent, they fell a weeping, 
 fo that the houfe was filled with weeping on every 
 fide ; and then we went to prayer, in all which time 
 Cutjhamaquin wept in fo much that when wee had 
 done the board he flood upon was all dropped with 
 his teares. 
 
 Another cafe of admonition was this, a hopefull 
 young man who is my fervant, being upon a journey, 
 and drinking Sack at their fetting forth, he drank 
 too much, and was difguifed ; which when I heard I 
 reproved him, and he humbled himfelf, with con- 
 feflion of his finne, and teares. And the next Ledture 
 
 day 
 
34 T^he cleare Sun-Jhine of the Go/pel, 
 
 day I called him forth before the AfTembly, where 
 he did confeffe his finne with many teares. 
 
 Before I leave this point of admonition, if I thought 
 it would not bee too tedious to you, I would mention 
 one particular more, where we faw the power of God 
 awing a wicked wretch by this ordinance of admoni- 
 tion. It was George that wicked Indian, who as you 
 know, at our iirft beginnings fought to caft afperfions 
 upon Religion, by laying flanderous accufations againft 
 godly men, and who afked that captious queftion, 
 who made^Sack f and this fellow having kild a young 
 Cow at your Towne, and fold it at the Colledge in- 
 ftead of Moofe, covered it with many lies, infomuch 
 as Mr. Dunjier was loath he fhould be diredtly 
 charged with it when we called him forth, but that 
 wee fhould rather inquire. But when he was called 
 before the AfTembly and charged with it, he had not 
 power to deny it, but prefently confefTed, onely hee 
 added one thing which wee think an excufe ; thus 
 God hath honored this ordinance among them. 
 
 Fourthly, the lafl exercife, you know, we have 
 among them, is their afking us queftions, and very 
 many they have afked, which I have forgotten, but 
 fome few that have come to my prefent remembrance 
 I will briefly touch. 
 
 One was Wabbakomets queftion, who is reputed" an 
 old Powwaw, it was to this purpofe, feeing the Eng- 
 lifh had been 27 yeers (fome of them) in this land, 
 why did wee never teach them to know God till 
 now ? had you done it fooner, faid hee, wee might 
 have known much of God by this time, and much 
 
 fin 
 
Breaking forth upon the Indians in New-England. 35 
 
 fin might have been prevented, but nov^^ fome of us 
 
 are grown old in fin, Gfc. To w^hom we anfwered, 
 
 '^^^at we doe repent that wee did not long agoe, as 
 
 r-^^/how we doe, yet withall wee told 'them, that they 
 
 / were never willing to hear till now, and that feeing 
 
 '^ God hath bowed their hearts to be willing to hear, 
 
 we are defirous to take all the paines we can now to 
 
 teach them. 
 
 Another quefl:ion was, that of Cutjhamaquin, to this 
 purpofe. Before I knew God, faid he, I thought I 
 was well, but fince I have known God and fin, I find 
 my heart full of fin, and more finfull then ever it was 
 before, and this hath been a great trouble to mee; 
 and at this day my heart is but very little better then 
 it was, and I am afraid it will be as bad againe as it 
 was before, and therefore I fometime wifli I might 
 die before I be fo bad again as I have been. Now 
 my queftion is, whether is this a fin or not ? This 
 question could not be learned from the Englifti, nor 
 did it feem a coyned feigned thing, but a reall matter 
 gathered from the experience of his own heart, and 
 from an inward obfervation of himfelf. 
 
 Another queftion was about their children. Whither 
 their little children goe when they dye, feeing they 
 have not finned ? 
 
 Which queftion gave occafion more fully to teach 
 them originall fin, and the damned ftate of all men : 
 And alfo, and efpecially it gave occafion to teach 
 them the Covenant of God, which he hath made 
 with all his people, and with their children, fo that 
 when God choofes a man or a woman to be his fer- 
 
 vant. 
 
36 'The chare Sun-Jhine of the Gofpel, 
 
 vant, he choofes all their children to be fo alfo: 
 which dodtrin was exceeding gratefull unto them. 
 
 Another great queftion was this, when I preached 
 out of I Cor- 6. 9, 10, II. old Mr. Brown, being pre- 
 fent, obferved them to be much afFedled, and one 
 efpecially did weep very much, though covered it 
 what hee could; and after that there was a generall 
 queftion, which they fent unto mee about, by my 
 man, as the queftion of them all. Whether any of 
 them Jhould goe to Heaven, feeing they found their hearts 
 full of fnne, and efpecially full of the fnne ofluji, which 
 they call nanwunwudfquas, that is, mad after women ; 
 and the next meeting, being at Dorchejier mill, Mr. 
 Mather and Mr. Wareham, with divers others being 
 prefent, they did there propound it, expreffing their 
 feares, that none of them Jhould bee faved ; which quef- 
 tion did draw forth my heart to preach and prefTe 
 the promife of pardon to all that were weary and fick 
 of finne, if they did beleeve in Chrift who had died 
 for us, and fatisfied the juftice of God for all our 
 linnes, and through whom God is well pleafed with 
 all fuch repenting finners that come to Chrift, and 
 beleeve in him ; and the next day I took that Text, 
 Matth. II. 28, 29. and this dodtrin fome of them in 
 a fpeciall manner did receive in a very reverent 
 manner. 
 
 There is another great queftion that hath been 
 feverall times propounded, and much fticks with fuch 
 as begin to pray, namely. If they leave o^Powwawing, 
 and pray to God, nvhat Jhall they do when they are fck^ 
 for they have no fkill in phyfick, though fome of 
 
 them 
 
Breaking forth upon the Indians in New-England. 37 
 
 e 
 
 them underftand the vertues of fundry things, yet th 
 ftate of man's body, and fkill to apply them they 
 have not : but all the refuge they have and rely upon 
 in time of fickneffe is their Powwaws, who by antick, 
 foolifli and irrationall conceits delude the poore 
 people ; fo that it is a very needfull thing to inform 
 them in the ufe of Phyfick, and a moft effedtuall 
 meanes to take them off from their Powwawing. 
 Some of the wifer fort I have ftirred up to get this 
 fkill ; I have fhewed them the anatomy of mans body, 
 and fome generall principles of Phyfick, which is 
 very acceptable to them, but they are fo extreamely 
 ignorant, that thefe things muft rather be taught 
 by fight, fenfe, and experience then by precepts, 
 and rules of art ; and therefore I have had many 
 thoughts in my heart, that it were a Angular good 
 work, if the Lord would ftirre up the hearts of fome 
 or other of his people in England to give fome main- 
 tenance toward fome Schoole or Collegiate exercife 
 this way, wherein there fhould be Anatomies and 
 other inftrudlions that way, and where there might 
 be fome recompence given to any that fhould bring 
 in any vegetable or other thing that is vertuous in the 
 way of Phyfick ; by this means we fhould foon have 
 all thefe things which they know, and others of our 
 Countreymen that are fkilfull that way, and now their 
 fkill lies buried for want of incouragement, would 
 be a fearching and trying to find out the vertues of 
 things in this country, which doubtleffe are many, 
 and would not a little conduce to the benefit of the 
 people of this Countrey, and it may bee of our native 
 
 Countrey 
 
38 The clear e Sun-Jhine of the Go/pel, 
 
 Couritrey alfo; by this meanes wee fhould traine up 
 thefe poore Indians in that fkill which would con- 
 found and root out their Powwaws, and then would 
 they be farre more eafily inclined to leave thofe 
 wayes, and pray unto God, whofe gift Phyfick is, and 
 whofe blefling muft make it effedtuall. 
 
 There is alfo another reafon which moves my 
 thought and defires this way, namely that our young 
 Students in Phyfick may be trained up better then 
 yet they bee, who have only theoreticall knowledge, 
 and are forced to fall to piradtife before ever they faw 
 an Anatomy made, or duely trained up in making 
 experiments, for we never had but one Anatomy in 
 the Countrey, which Mr. Giles Firman (now in Eng- 
 land) did make and read upon very well, but no more 
 of that now. 
 
 This very day that I wrote thefe things unto you, 
 I have been with the Indians to teach them, as I was 
 wont to doe, and one of their queftions among many 
 others was to know what to fay to fuch Indians as 
 oppofe their praying to God, and beleeving in Jefus 
 Chrift, and for their own information alfo. What get 
 you, fay they, by praying to God, and beleeving in 
 Jefus Chrift ? you goe naked ftill, and you are as 
 poore as wee, and our Corne is as good as yours, and 
 wee take more pleafure then you; did we fee that 
 you got any thing by it, wee would pray to God and 
 beleeve in Jefus Chrift alfo as you doe ? Unto which 
 queftion I then anfwered them. Firft, God giveth 
 unto us two fonts of good things, one fort are little 
 ones, which I ftiewed by my little finger ; the other 
 
 fort 
 
Breaking forth upon the Indians in New-'^ngland. 39 
 
 fort are great ones, which I fhewed by my thumbe, 
 (for you know they ufe and delight in demonftra- 
 tions:) the little mercies are riches, as cloths, food, 
 fack, houfes, cattle, and pleafures, thefe are little 
 things which ferve but for our bodies a little while 
 in this life ; the great mercies are wifdome, the 
 knowledge of God, Chrift, eternall life, repentance, 
 faith, thefe are mercies for the foule, and for eternall 
 life : now though God do not yet give you the little 
 mercies, he giveth you that which is a 'great deale 
 better, which the wicked Indians cannot fee. And 
 this I proved to them by this example ; when Foxun 
 the Mohegan Counfeller, who is counted the wifeft 
 Indian in the Country, was in the Bay . I did on pur- 
 pofe bring him unto you ; and when he was here, 
 you faw he was a foole in comparifon of you, for you 
 could fpeak of God and Chrift, and heaven and re- 
 pentance and faith, but he fate and had not one word 
 to fay, unlefle you talked of fuch poor things as hunt- 
 ing, wars, &c. Secondly, you have fome more cloths 
 then they, and the reafon why you have no more 
 is becaufe you have but a little wifdome, if you were 
 more wife to know God, and obey his Commands, 
 you would work more then you do, for fo God com- 
 mandeth. Six dayes thou jhalt work, &c. and thus the 
 Englifti do : and if you would bee fo wife as to worke 
 as they do, you ftiould have cloths, houfes, cattle, 
 riches as they have, God would give you them. 
 
 This day they told me this news, that fome of 
 them having been abroad in the Country at Titacut, 
 divers of thofe Indians would be glad to know God, 
 and to pray unto God, and would be glad if I would 
 come and teach them, but fome of them oppofed and 
 
 H would 
 
40 The clear e Sun-Jhine of the Gofpel, 
 
 would not. They afkt me this day, why God made 
 the Rainbow. Thefe things are now frefh in my 
 mind, that makes me fo large in them, but I'le for- 
 beare any more of their queftions of this nature. 
 
 There do fundry times fall out differences among 
 them, and they ufually bring their cafes to me, and 
 fometime fuch, as it's needfull for me to decline ; 
 where I may, I advife them to fome iffue. One great 
 cafe that hath come feverall times to mee, is about 
 fuch debts as they owe by gaming, for they have 
 been great gamefters, but have moved queftions about 
 it, and are informed of the unlawfulneffe of it, and 
 have thereupon wholly given over gaming for any 
 wagers, and all games wherein is a lot, onely ufe law- 
 full recreations, and have a Law againft unlawfull 
 gaming ; but other Indians that are of another mind, 
 come and challenge their old debts, and now they 
 refufe to pay, becaufe it was a finne fo to game, and 
 they now pray to God, and therefore muft not pay 
 fuch finfull debts. Now the cafe being ferious, and 
 fuch as I faw a fnare underneath, the firft counfaile 
 they had was, who ever would challenge fuch a debt 
 fhould come to our Governor, and he would take 
 order to redtifie the matter. But the Creditors liked 
 not that way, and therefore foon after there came 
 another cafe of the fame kinde, an iffue was very 
 neceffary ; therefore I firft dealt with the creditor, 
 and fliewed him the finfulneffe of fuch games, and 
 how angry God was at them ; and therefore per- 
 fwaded him to be content to take half his debt, unto 
 which he very willingly condefcended ; then I dealt 
 with the debtor, and afkt him if he did not promife 
 
 to 
 
Breaking forth upon the Indians in New-England. 41 
 
 to pay him all that debt ? and he anfwered yea, he 
 did fo ; then I fhewed him that God commands us 
 to performe our promifes, and though he finned in 
 gaming, he muft repent of that, but feeing he hath 
 promifed payment, he fliould fin to break his pro- 
 mife : at which he was utterly filenced ; but then I 
 aiked him, if hee would willingly pay half, if I fhould 
 perfwade the other to accept it ; yea faid hee very 
 willingly, and fo the matter ended : and in this way 
 they ufually end fuch cafes fince that time. Their 
 young men, who of all the refl:, live mofl: idlely and 
 difix)lutely, now begin to goe to fervice, fome to In- 
 dians, fome to Englijh ; and fome of them growing 
 weary, broak out of their fervices, and they had no 
 help among them for it ; fo that fome propounded 
 what they fhould doe to remedy that evill ; they were 
 anfwered, that the Englifh bring fuch fervants to the 
 Court, and our Magiftrates red:ifie thofe evills ; then 
 they defired that they might have a Court among 
 them for government, at which motion wee rejoyced, 
 feeing it came from themfelves, and tended fo much 
 to civilize them, fince which time I moved the 
 Generall Court in it, and they have pleafed to order 
 a way for exercifing government among them : the 
 good Lord profper and blefl'e it. 
 
 They moved alfo as you know for a School, and 
 through Gods mercy a courfe is now taken that there 
 be Schooles at both places where their children are 
 
 taught. 
 
 You know likewife that wee exhorted them to 
 fence their ground with ditches, ftone walls, upon 
 the banks, and promifed to helpe them with Shovels, 
 
 Spades, 
 
42 The cleave Sun-Jhine of the Gofpel, 
 
 Spades, Mattocks, Crows of Iron ; and they are very 
 defirous to follow that counfell, and call upon me to 
 help them with tooles fafter them I can get them, 
 though I have now bought pretty ftore, and they (I 
 hope) are at work. The women are defirous to learn 
 to fpin, and I have procured Wheels for fundry of 
 them, and they can fpin pretty well. They begin to 
 grow induftrious, and find fomething to fell at Mar- 
 ket all the yeer long : all winter they fell Brooms, 
 Staves, Elepots, Balkets, Turkies. In the Spring, 
 Craneberies, Fifh, Strawberies ; in the Summer 
 Hurtleberries, Grapes, Fifh : in the Autumn they fell 
 Craneberries, Fifh, Venifon, &c. and they find a good 
 benefit by the Market, and grow more and more to 
 make ufe thereof; befides fundry of them work with 
 the Englifh in Hay time, and Harveft, but yet it's 
 not comparable to what they might do, if they were 
 induftrious, and old boughs mufl be bent a little at 
 once ; if we can fet the young twiggs in a better bent, 
 it will bee Gods mercy. Deare brother I can go no 
 further, a weary body, and fleepy eyes command me 
 to conclude, if I have not fatisfied your defire in this 
 little I have wrote, let me underfland it from you, 
 and I fhall be willing to do my indeavour : and thus 
 with my deare love remembred to your felf and your 
 beloved yoakfellow, and defiring your prayers for 
 Gods grace and bleffing upon my fpirit and poor 
 indeavours, I take leave at this time and refl 
 
 Roxbury this 24. of Tour loving brother in 
 
 Septemb. our Saviour Chriji, 
 
 1647. 
 
 John Eliot. 
 Let 
 
Breaking forth upon the Indians in New-England. 43 
 
 Let me adde this Poftfcript, that there be two rea- 
 fons that make me beleeve the Lords time is come 
 to make a preparative at leaft for the comming of his 
 grace, and kingdome among them. Firft, that he 
 hath bowed their hearts, who were as averfe, and as 
 farre off from God, as any heathen in the world ; and 
 their hearts begin to bow more and more. Secondly, 
 becaufe the Lord hath raifed a mighty fpirit of prayer 
 in this behalfe in all the Churches. 
 
 This Relation of Mr. Rliots I know many things 
 therein to be true, & all the reft I have heard con- 
 firmed by credible perfons, eye & eare witnefTes of 
 thefe things, and they are familiarly known in thefe 
 parts. I know alfo that Mr. E,liot writes (as his fpirit 
 is) modeftly and fparingly, and fpeaks the leaft in 
 fundry particulars ; for in his ftory of the repentance 
 and publike admonition of his own man, page 33. 
 hee faith he manifefted many teares in publike, but 
 I heard it from many then prefent that there were fo 
 many, as that the dry place of the Wigwam where 
 hee ftood was bedirtied with them, powring them 
 out fo abundantly. Indians are well known not bee 
 much fubjedt to teares, no not when they come to 
 feele the foreft torture, or are folemnly brought forth 
 to die; and if the Word workes thefe teares, furely 
 there is fome conquering power of Chrift Jefus ftir- 
 ring among them, which what it will end in at laft, 
 the Lord beft knows. If Mr. Brightmans interpreta- 
 tion of Daniels prophefie be true, that Anno 1650. 
 Europe will hear fome of the beft tidings that ever 
 came into the world, viz. rumors from the Eafterne 
 Jews, which ftiall trouble the Turkifh tyrant and 
 
 fhake 
 
44 T^he c leave Sun-Jhine of the Go/pel, 
 
 {hake his Pillars when they are comming to re- 
 poffefTe their own land, for which they will be 
 wraftling (if my memory failes not, according to 
 his notion) about 40. yeers ; I fhall hope then 
 that thefe Wefterne Indians will foon come in, 
 and that thefe beginnings are but preparatives for a 
 brighter day then we yet fee among them, wherein 
 Eaft & Weft ftaall fing the fong of the Lambe : but 
 I have no fkill in prophefies, nor do I beleeve every 
 mans interpretation of fuch Scripture ; but this is 
 certain, God is at work among thefe ; and it is not 
 ufual for the Sun to fet as foon as it begins to rife, 
 nor for he Lord to Jefus to lofe an inch of ground in 
 the recovering times of his Churches peace and his 
 own eclipfed and forgotten glory, (if thefe bee fuch 
 times) untill hee hath won the whole field, and driven 
 the Prince of darkneffe out of it, who is but a bold 
 ufurper of the Lord Jefus inheritance, to whom are 
 given the utmoft ends of the earth. When Charles 
 the Great had broken the chief power of the barba- 
 rous and fierce Saxons in Germany, he made this the 
 onely article of peace, that they {hould entertain fuch 
 a Gofpel as good "then as the degenerate Chriftian 
 world could affoord, and for that end admit of a Mo- 
 naftery among them of fuch men as might inftrudt 
 them, and this courfe prevailed, if wee may be- 
 Crantzitis leeve '^Crantzius the Hiftorian of thofe times ; and 
 lib. 1. ch. 1, 2. {hall wee think that when the Lord Jefus hath 
 fet up not a Monaftery of workesjbut Churches of 
 Saints in thefe coafts to encourage the miniftry and 
 this work of Chrift, that his bleffed Gofpel cannot or 
 {hall not in thefe dayes take fome efFed fince it hath 
 broke fo far ? I dare conclude nothing, onely it will 
 
 be 
 
Breaking forth upon the Indians m New-England. 45 
 
 be our comfort in the day of our accounts, that wee 
 have endeavored fomething this way ; and it may be 
 this very indeavour fhall be our peace. Gildas onv 
 Britifh Hiftorian obferving that one caufe why God 
 let loofe the Saxons to fcourge and root out the Bri- 
 taines, was their deep careleffneffe of communicating 
 unto them the Chriftian Religion, when they had 
 their fpirits at fit advantage : but I dare not difcourfe 
 of thefe matters. 
 
 One thing more I remember concerning Mr. Eliots 
 conference with a Narraganfet Sachim a fober man 
 this yeer ; after that he had taught this Sachim the 
 Law of God, and had fhewen him the means of fal- 
 vation by Chrift ; he then aflced him if he did not 
 know and underftand thofe things ? aad he faid, yes. 
 He then afked him if he did beleeve them ? but hee 
 could not get anfwer from him that way, but did 
 feeme to take them into more ferious thoughts. He 
 then alked him, why they did not learn of Mr. Wil- 
 liams who hath lived among them divers yeers ? and 
 he foberly anfwered that they did not care to learn of 
 him, becaufe hee is no good man but goes out and 
 workes upon the Sabbath day ; I name it not to fhew 
 what glimmerings nature may have concerning the 
 obfervation of the Sabbath, but to fhew what the ill 
 example of Englifh may doe, and to fee what a 
 ftumbling block to all Religion the loofe obfervation 
 of the Sabbath is, however mans Ihifting wits may find 
 out evafions, to get loofe from out of that net. 
 
 But this may ferve to fatisfie your own or others 
 defires concerning the progrefTe of the Gofpel among 
 the Indians : the Lord Jefus feemes at this day to bee 
 
 turning 
 
46 The clear e Sun-Jhine of the Go/pel, 
 
 turning upfide down the whole frame of things in 
 the world. Kings, Parliaments, Armies, Kingdomes, 
 Authorities, Churches, Minifters, and if out of his 
 free grace hee looks not upon thefe hopefull begin- 
 nings, thefe will be fo turned alfo ; for oppofition 
 there is from men and devils againft it, and I have 
 feared in my own heart that within thefe few moneths 
 there hath been fome coolings among the beft of 
 thefe Indians ; but wee find it fo alfo among many 
 people that are Englijh in their firft work, but the 
 Lord Jefus revives again ; and therefore Mr. Eliot of 
 late having told them that hee was afraid that they 
 began to bee weary, they took it to heart, and pro- 
 pounded in my hearing at a late Indian Lefture at 
 Noonanetum many profitable queftions, viz. When they 
 prayed and heard the Word aright ? and how they might 
 know when they were weary of them ? And what time it 
 might bee before the Lord might come and make them 
 know him ? And what the firfl fnne of the Devils was ? 
 (Hee difcourfing to them about the danger of Apof- 
 tafie.) At this time they are (as you may perceive 
 by Mr. Eliots writings) about fencing in their ground 
 and Town given them fome hundreds of Acres, with 
 a ftone fence, for which end Mr. Eliot provides them 
 Mattocks, Shovels and Crowes of Iron, &c. and to 
 encourage their flothfulnefle, promifed to give a 
 groat or fix pence a rod, if they would thus farre 
 attend their own good, and work for themfelves : all 
 the poor Indians at Noonanetum are generally clad with 
 fuch cloths as wee can get them, and the Wigwams 
 of the meaneft of them equallize any Sachims in other 
 places, being built not with mats but barks of Trees 
 
 in 
 
Breaking forth upon the Indians in New-England. 47 
 
 in good bigneffe, the rather that they may have their 
 partitions- in them for hufbands and wives togeather, 
 and their children and fervants in their places alfo, 
 who formerly were never private in what nature is 
 afhamed of, either for the fun or any man to fee. It's 
 fome -refrefhing to thinke that there is (if there was 
 no more but) the name of Chrift founding in thofe 
 darke and defpicable "Tartarian Tents; the Lord can 
 build them houfes in time to pray in, when hee hath 
 given unto them better hearts, and when perhaps hee 
 hath curfed and confumed theirs who have difdained 
 to give that worfhip and homage to Chrift in their 
 feiled houfes, which poor Indians rejoyce to give to 
 him in their poor Tents and Wigwams : I defire you 
 to gather what ftock of prayers you can for them. I 
 had almoft forgot to tell you of Mr, Eliots going up 
 the Country lately with Mr. Flint, Captain Willard 
 of Concord, and fundry others, towards Merrimath 
 River unto that Indian Sachim Pajaconnaway, that 
 old Witch and Powwaw, who together with both his 
 fons, fled the prefence of the light, and durft not ftand 
 their ground, nor be at home when he came, pre- 
 tending feare of being killed by a man forfooth that 
 came only with a book in his hand, and with a few 
 others without any weapons only to bear him com- 
 pany and diredl his way in thofe deferts ; but in it 
 you may fee the guilt of the man, & that Satan is 
 but a coward in his Lyons Ikin even upon his own 
 dunghill, as alfo the hatred and enmity againft the 
 Word which is in fome, which argues that the atten- 
 tion which others give to it, is a power of God, and 
 I not 
 
48 The cleave Sun-Jhine of the Go/pel, 
 
 not meerly to flatter and get favour with the Englifh : 
 but the reft of Pajfaconnawaies men attended to the 
 things which were fpoken and afked divers queftions, 
 the Indians in our parts accompanying Mr. Eliot and 
 giving blefl^ed examples to the others herein, as alfo 
 in faying Grace before and after meat, praying in 
 their Wigwams with them, and fome of them fing- 
 ing of Pfalmes, which they have learnt among the 
 Englifh : difcourfing alfo with them about the things 
 of God. It is fomewhat obfervable (though the ob- 
 fervation bee more cheerfull than deep) that the firft 
 Text out of which Mr. Eliot preached to the Indians 
 was about the dry bones, Ezek. 37. where it's faid, 
 Verf. 9, 10. that by prophefying to the wind, the wind 
 came and the dry bones lived ; now the Indian word 
 for Wind is Waubon, and the moft adtive Indian for 
 ftirring up other Indians to feek after the knowledg 
 of God in thefe parts, his name is Waubon, which 
 fignifies Wind, (the Indians giving names to their 
 children ufually according to appearances of provi- 
 dences) although they never dreamt of this, that 
 this their Waubon fhould breathe fuch a fpirit of 
 life and incouragement into the reft of the Indians, 
 as hee hath indeavored in all parts of the Countrey, 
 both at Concord, Merrimeck and elfewhere ; but 
 fome of the Indians themfelves that were ftir'd up by 
 him took notice of this his name and that Scripture 
 together, and the Englifh alfo have much obferved 
 him herein, who ftill continues the fame man, 
 although we thinke there be now many others whom 
 he firft breathed encouragement into that do farre 
 
 exceed 
 
Breaking forth upon the Indians in New-England. 49 
 
 exceed him in the Hght and Hfe of the things of God : 
 Mr. Eliot alfo profeffing that he chofe that Text 
 without the leaft thought of any fuch application in 
 refped: of Waubon. 
 
 There have been many difficult queftions pro- 
 pounded by them, which we have been unwilling to 
 engage our felves in any anfwer unto, untill wee have 
 the concurrence of others with us. 
 
 Firfl", fuppofe a man before hee knew God, hath 
 had two wives, the firft barren and childlefTe, the 
 fecond fruitfull and bearing him many fweet children, 
 the queftion now propounded was. Which of thefe two 
 wives he is to put away ? if hee puts away ; the firft 
 who hath no children, then hee puts away her whom 
 God and Religion undoubtedly binds him unto, there 
 being no other defedt but want of children : if hee 
 puts away the other, then he muft caft off all his 
 children with her alfo as illegitimate, whom hee fo 
 exceedingly loves. This is a cafe now among them, 
 and they are very fearefull to do any thing croiTe to 
 Gods will and mind herein. 
 
 Secondly, fuppofe a man marry a Sqaw, and fhee 
 deferts and flies from her hufband, and commits 
 adultery with other remote Indians, but afterward it 
 come to pafle that fhee hearing the Word, and forry 
 for what fhee hath done, fhe defires to come to her 
 hufband againe, who remaines flill unmarried ; Whe- 
 ther Jhould this hujhand upon her repentance receive her 
 againe? and whether is he not bound thereunto fo to doe? 
 
 At the lafl Ledture at Noonanetum this September, 
 there were divers queftions afked : one was pro- 
 pounded 
 
50 The clear e Sun-Jhine of the Gofpel, 
 
 pounded by an old Sqaw, a Widow ; viz. If when 
 men know God, God loves them, why then is it that any 
 one are offliBed after that they know him ? I fhall 
 mention no more, but conclude with the folemn 
 fpeech of a fober and hopefull Indian at this Ledture, 
 whofe name is Wampooas, who in flead of propound- 
 ing a queftion fell into thefe expreffions, viz. " That 
 " becaufe wee pray to God, other Indians abroad in 
 " the countrey hate us and oppofe us, the Englifh on 
 " the other fide fufped: us, and feare us to be ftill fuch 
 " as doe not pray at all ; but (faith he) God who 
 " knowes all things, he knowes that wee do pray to 
 " him. To which fpeech Mr. £//o^ replyed, that it 
 was true indeed, that fome of the Englifh did fo far 
 fufped: them for fundry reafons ; but I doe not fo, 
 and others of us, who know you and fpeake with you, 
 we do not fo think of you ; and then gave them gra- 
 cious and ferious incouragements to goe forward and 
 make more progreife in the things of God. This 
 their own teftimony of themfelves being propounded 
 with much fweetneffe and ferioufneffe of affedtion, 
 may be the laft, although it be the leaft confirmation 
 of fome inward worke among them ; which I looked 
 upon as a Ipeciall providence that fuch a fpeech fhould 
 be fpoken and come to my eare juft at fuch a time as 
 this, wherein I was finifhing the flory, to confirme 
 in fome meafure what hath been written ; the Lord 
 himfelf I beleeve and no man living, putting thefe 
 words into their own hearts, to give this modeft tef- 
 timony concerning themfelves. The beginning of 
 this enlargement of Chrifts Kingdome fhould inlarge 
 
 our 
 
Breaking forth upon the Indians in New-England. 5 1 
 
 our hearts with great joy. If I fhould gather and fumme 
 
 up together the feverall gracious impreffions of God 
 
 upon them from what hath been fcattered here and 
 
 there in the ftory, I thinke it might make many 
 
 Chriftians afhamed, who may eaiily fee how farre 
 
 they are exceeded by thefe naked men in fo {hort a 
 
 time thus wrought upon by fuch fmall and defpicable 
 
 means. My brother Eliot who is Preacher to them, 
 
 profeffing he can as yet but ftammer out fome peeces 
 
 of the Word of God unto them in their own tongue; 
 
 but Gt)d is with him, and God is wont to be maximus 
 
 in minimis, and is moft feene in doing great things by 
 
 fmall meanes. The Sword of Gods Word fhall and will 
 
 pierce deep, even when it is half broken, when the 
 
 hand of a mighty Redeemer hath the laying of it on : 
 
 a*id the Scripture herein is, and muft be fulfilled, 
 
 that as foon as the heathen heare Chrift they (hall 
 
 fubmit, Pfal. 18. 43, 44. and fuch nations whom 
 
 Chrift knew not fhall run unto him, Ifai. 55. 5. The 
 
 fall of the unbeleving Jewes was the rifing of the 
 
 Gentiles ; my prayer to God therefore for Europe is, 
 
 that the fall of the Churches, (little bettered by the 
 
 devouring Sword which is ftill thirfty) may not bee 
 
 the rifing of thefe American Gentiles, never pitied 
 
 till now. I wifh that Aljiedius prophefie herein va.2.y AlftedinApoc. 
 
 never prove true ; but rather that the rifing of thefe 
 
 may be a provoking and raifing up of them, efpe- 
 
 cially of the Englifh, to lament after that God whom 
 
 they have forfaken ; and to lament after him, together 
 
 with us, for thefe poor Indians who never yet knew 
 
 him. 
 
 Sir, 
 
5 2 The clear e Sun-Jhine of the Go/pel, 
 
 Sir, I had ended thefe relations once or twice, but 
 the ftay of the Veffell increafeth new matter ; which 
 becaufe 'tis new and frefti, you fhall have it as I heard of 
 it from a faithfull hand : There were fundry queftions 
 propounded at the Indian Ledlure at Noonanetum this 
 05lob. 13. by the Indians: the firft was propounded 
 to Mr. Eliot himfelf upon occafion of his Sermon out 
 Ephef. 5. 1 1 . Ha'ue no fellowjhip with unfruitfull work- 
 ers of darknes, viz. What Englijh men did thinke of Mr. 
 EHot becaufe he came among wicked Indians to teach 
 them ? 
 
 Secondly, Suppofe two men fnne, the one knowes he 
 fnneth, and the other doth not know fnne, will God pun- 
 if) both alike ? 
 
 Thirdly, Suppofe there fiould be one wife Indian that 
 teacheth good things to other Indians, whether Jhould not 
 he be as a father or brother unto fuch Indians he fo 
 teacheth in the wayes of God? This laft queftion 
 feemes to argue fome motions ftirring in fome of 
 their hearts to pity and teach their poor Countrey- 
 men ; and furely then will bee the moll hopefull 
 time of doing good among them, when the Lord 
 Ihall raife up fome or other like themfelves to go 
 among them and preach the Word of life unto them 
 with fatherly or brotherly bowels ; and yet I limit 
 not the moft High, who can make ufe of what In- 
 ftruments hee pleafeth for this work. I fhall con- 
 clude therefore with a ftory I had both by writing 
 Mr. EJu/ard 3.nd word of mouth, from a faithfull *man which hee 
 laci/ofi. faw with his own eyes this OBob. 7. There was one 
 
 of t\\e' Indians at Noonanetum, hath had a child fick 
 
 of 
 
Breaking forth upon the Indians in New-England. 53 
 
 of a Confumption many a day, and at that time died 
 of it ; when it was dead, fome of the Indians came to 
 an honeft man to enquire how they fhould bury their 
 dead ; the man told them how and what the Englifh 
 did when they buried theirs ; hereupon rejecting all 
 their old fuperftitious obfervances at fuch fad times 
 (which are not a few) they prefently procured a few 
 boards, and buy a few nayles of the Englijh, and fo 
 make a pretty handfome Coffin, (for they are very 
 dextrous at any thing they fee once done) and put 
 the child into it, and fo accompanied it to the grave 
 very folemnly, about 40. Indians of them : when the 
 earth was call upon it and the grave made up, they 
 withdrew a little from that place, and went all to- 
 gether and aflembled under a Tree in the Woods, 
 and there they defired one Tutafwampe a very hope- 
 full Indian to pray with them ; now although the 
 Englijh do not ufually meet in companies to pray to- 
 gether after fuch fad occafions, yet.it feemes God ftird 
 up their hearts thus to doe ; what the fubftance of 
 their prayer was I cannot certainly learn, although I 
 I have heard fome things that way, which I there- 
 fore name not, onely I have and ihall indeavour 
 to get it, if it bee poffible for the poor Indian to 
 expreffe the fubftance of it, and fo fhall fend it if 
 the fhip ftayes long, onely this is certaine by him 
 who was occafionally an eye and eare witnelTe of 
 thefe things, that they continued inftant with God 
 in prayer for almoft half an houre together, and this 
 godly mans words to mee (who underftands a little 
 of their language) are thefe ; that this Tutafwampe 
 
 did 
 
54 'The chare Sun-Jhine of the Gofpel, 
 
 did exprefle fuch zeale in prayer with fuch variety 
 of gracious expreffions, and abundance of teares, 
 both of hi'mfelf and moft of the company, that 
 the woods rang againe with their fighes and prayers; 
 and (faith he) I was much afhamed of my felf and 
 fome others, that have had fo great light, and yet 
 want fuch affecStions as they have, who have as yet fo 
 httle knowledge. All this he faw ftanding at fome 
 good diftance alone from them under a Tree. 
 
 Thus you fee (Sir) that thefe old obdurate fanners 
 are not altogether fenfeleife of Gods afflicting hand 
 and humbling providences ; and though natural! 
 affedlion may be much ftirring in fuch times, yet you 
 fee how God begins to fanftifie fuch afFedtions among 
 them : and I wifh that many Englifh were not out- 
 ftript herein by thefe poor Indians, who have got the 
 ftart I feare of many Englijh, that can paiTe by fuch 
 fad providences without laying them in this manner 
 to heart. I confeffe thefe and many fuch things 
 which wee fee in divers of them, do make fome to 
 thinke that there is more of God and his Spirit in 
 fome of their hearts then we yet can difcover, and 
 which they hope will break out in time. 
 
 Thus you have a true, but fomewhat rent and rag- 
 ged relation of thefe things ; it may be moft futable 
 to the ftory of naked and ragged men : my defire is 
 that no mans Spectacles may deceive him, fo as to 
 look upon thefe things either as bigger or leffer, bet- 
 ter or worfer then they are ; which all men generally 
 are apt to doe at things at fo great diftance, but that 
 they may judge of them as indeed they are, by what 
 
 truth 
 
Breaking forth upon the Indians in New-England. 5 5 
 
 truth they fee here expreft in the things themfelves. 
 I know that fome thinke that all this worke among 
 them is done and adted thus by the Indians to pleafe 
 t\iQ Englijh, and for applaufe from them; and it is 
 not unlikely but fo 'tis in many, who doe but blaze 
 for a time ; but certainly 'tis not fo in dl, but that 
 the power of the Word hath taken place in fome, 
 and that inwardly and efFed:ually, but how far fav- 
 ingly time will declare, and the reader may judge of, 
 by the ftory it felf of thefe things. Some fay that if it 
 be fo, yet they are but a few that are thus wrought 
 upon ; Be it fo, yet fo it hath ever been, many called, 
 few chofen : and yet withall I beleeve the calling in 
 of a few Indians to Chrift is the gathering home of 
 many hundreds in one, confidering what a vaft dif- 
 tance there hath been between God and them fo long, 
 even dayes without number ; confidering alfo how pre- 
 cious the firft fruits of America will be to Jefus Chrift, 
 and what feeds they may be of great harvefts in after 
 times ; and yet if there was no great matter feen in 
 thefe of grown yeers, their children notwithftanding 
 are of great hopes both from Englijh and Indians 
 themfelves, who are therefore trained up to Schoole, 
 where many are very apt to learne, and who are alfo 
 able readily to anfwer to the queftions propounded, 
 containing the principles and grounds of all Chriftian 
 Religion in their own tongue. I confefTe it pafleth 
 my fkill to tell how the Gofpel fhould be generally 
 received by thefe American Natives, confidering the 
 variety of Languages in fmall diftances of places ; 
 onely hee that made their eares and tongues can raife 
 K up 
 
56 The clear e Sun-Jhine of the Go/pel, &c. 
 
 up fome or other to teach them how to heare, and 
 what to fpake ; and if the Gofpel muft ride circuit, 
 Chrift can and will conquer by weake and defpicable 
 meanes, though the conqueft perhaps may be fome- 
 what long. The beginnings and foundations of the 
 Spaniard in the Southerne parts of this vaft continent, 
 being laid in the blood of nineteene Millions of poor 
 innocent Natives (as Acofta the Jefuite a bird of their 
 own neft relates the ftory) fhall certainly therefore 
 bee utterly rooted up by fome revenging hand ; and 
 when he is once difpoileft of his Golden Manfions 
 and Silver Mines, it may be then the opprefTed rem- 
 nant in thofe coafts alfo may come in. In the meane 
 while if it bee the good pleafure of Chrift to look 
 upon any of the worft and meaneft of thefe out- 
 cafts in thefe Coafts of New-England, let us not 
 defpife this day of fmall things, but as the Jews did 
 of old, fo let us now cry mightily to God and fay, and 
 fmg. Let the people praife thee O God, yea let all the 
 people praife thee, then jhall the earth bring forth her 
 increafe, and God even our God will bleffe us. 
 
 I havefent you two witnejfes befide my own 
 of the truth of the Indian ftory printed, 
 you may publijh them if you pleafe as they 
 have writ, and fubf crib' d with their own 
 hands. 
 
 Thomas Shephard. 
 
 FINIS. 
 
AH.-'-*. . 
 
 ^^^ 
 
 '-^'^^ 
 
 
 1 =v-^- >-