"-■Him 
 
 
 CORNELL 
 
 UNIVERSITY 
 
 LIBRARY 
 
 GIFT OF 
 Stanford Unirersity 
 
 

 XSp 
 
 Cornell University Library 
 Z733.S78 A21 
 
 The Hoover War Collection at Stanford un 
 
 olin 
 
 3 1924 031 034 360 
 
Cornell University 
 Library 
 
 The original of this book is in 
 the Cornell University Library. 
 
 There are no known copyright restrictions in 
 the United States on the use of the text. 
 
 http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924031034360 
 
THE HOOVER WAR COLLECTION 
 
 AT 
 
 STANFORD UNIVERSITY 
 CALIFORNIA 
 
 A Report and An Analysis 
 
 By E. D. ADAMS 
 

 SlS^C/ 
 
 Stanford University 
 Press 
 
CONTENTS 
 
 I. D. P. : Delegation Propaganda 10 
 
 11. S. P. : Society Publications 16 
 
 III. G. D. : Government Documents 33 
 
 IV. Library of Congress Exchange Agreement 44 
 
 V. Purchase of Ordinary Book Material 46 
 
 VI. Special Purchases 50 
 
 VII. Posters, Proclamations, and Orders 54 
 
 VIII. Newspapers and Periodicals 55 
 
 IX. War Propaganda 67 
 
 X. Baltic States, Russia, and Southeastern Europe 72 
 
 XI. The Stanford Food Research Institute 80 
 
THE HOOVER WAR COLLECTION 
 
 AT 
 
 STANFORD UNIVERSITY, CALIFORNIA 
 
 The gathering at Stanford University of materials for a 
 special collection on the Great War has now been in progress 
 for two years. Many letters have been received from inter- 
 ested scholars, asking when a catalogue of the collection may 
 be expected to appear. In fact, no real catalogue has been 
 begun and the principal reason iot this is that all the effort of 
 those active in the enterprise has been devoted, and is still 
 being devoted, to gathering the material. Moreover, the 
 experience of those in charge of other and smaller collections 
 in the United States has been that early cataloguing results in 
 disappointment and vexation. The Great War presents new 
 and unusual problems of classification, unexpected types of 
 materials are constantly being discovered, difficult to fit into 
 any customary classification, and the result of early catalogu- 
 ing is confusion. 
 
 Nevertheless, the importance to scholars of the materials 
 already secured demands that they be made available, and that 
 some general statement be issued in regard to them. Up to 
 the present, also, no adequate report of the work in progress 
 has been made either to the donor or to the trustees of Stan- 
 ford University. It is, therefore, here intended to combine a 
 report of operations in the field with a very general analysis 
 of the collection as it stands, that researchers may make use of 
 it, for until now it has been used only by graduate students of 
 Stanford University and of the University of California. Mean- 
 while it is to be understood that the work of collecting will go 
 on, as the donor has himself stated it, "for the next twenty- 
 five years," and in this connection the hope is earnestly ex- 
 pressed that anyone who is interested in the undertaking will 
 
6 THE HOOVER WAR COLLECTION 
 
 be free to make suggestions as to methods, and especially as 
 to types and available sources of materials. The directors 
 feel most acutely their inexperience in this great task, as will 
 be evidenced in this report. A collection, in the gathering of 
 which many agents have been employed, and are still being 
 employed, in some cases duplicating each other's efforts, and 
 which in two years' work has grown to between seventy and 
 eighty thousand items, inevitably contains considerable dupli- 
 cation in acquisitions, and is open to many improvements. 
 Advice, criticism, and suggestions will be welcomed. 
 
 E. D. ADAMS, 
 Executive Head, History Department. 
 
 R. H. LUTZ, 
 Associate Professor, Modern European History. 
 
 Directors, Hoover War Collection. 
 
REPORT AND ANALYSIS 
 
 By E. D. Adams 
 
 The California forty-niner, en route by sea to the gold 
 fields, had leisure to write down the day-to-day incidents of 
 his journey, and has bequeathed to history a vivid picture of 
 the great American exodus. Arrived in California, digging 
 feverishly for the precious metal, he kept few records and 
 history gropes for sources descriptive of his first years in a 
 new environment. This was my experience in organizing the 
 Hoover War Collection. On starting for Europe in May, 1919, 
 the firm resolve was made to keep a diary as a record of work 
 and of contacts in Paris; and en route, even unto the end of 
 the seventh day after arrival, that resolve was fulfilled. There 
 the diary ended. The contacts were too many and too interest- 
 ing to suffer interruption by recording them. The work of 
 collecting was too engrossing to permit a day-to-day resume 
 of its results. Yet a history of the work itself should somehow 
 be preserved in the collection and the task which I here attempt 
 is to combine such a sketch of operations with a general analysis 
 of the present content of the collection. This, as will be seen, 
 is not so illogical as might at first glance appear, for problems 
 of collection, here discussed as they then arose, coincide largely 
 with the main groups of materials actually secured. 
 
 The origin of the collection, so far as it is known to me, 
 resulted from a letter written to Mr. Herbert Hoover, an 
 alumnus and trustee of Stanford University, shortly after he 
 had organized the movement for the relief of the people of 
 Belgium. In that letter I urged the importance of preserving 
 records of any and every sort in this great humanitarian 
 undertaking, unique in methods and purpose in the history of 
 the world, and stated the ultimate value as historical archives 
 of such records together with the hope that they might be 
 
8 THE HOOVER WAR COLLECTION 
 
 deposited at Stanford University. Mr. Hoover had already 
 adopted for his work a very complete record system, covering 
 not only all details of the business of Belgian relief, but also 
 of its government and diplomacy, for the Commission for 
 Relief in Belgium was truly, as Sir Edward Grey described it, 
 "a piratical state organized for philanthropy." Mr. Hoover, 
 therefore, responded readily to my suggestion, and the 
 archives of Belgian relief constitute the first item of importance 
 in our collection. The Rotterdam files, in twenty-six large 
 packing cases, have been received, but these are as yet unopened 
 and are not available for study, nor will they be until they are 
 joined by the files from the other principal offices like London 
 and New York. 
 
 From 1914, then, the thought of an historical collection, 
 related to the Great War, for Stanford University had been 
 in Mr. Hoover's mind and occasionally he sent personal ac- 
 counts of some especially interesting affair or interview; but 
 the first intimation of a larger plan came in the form of a cable 
 from Paris, in April, 1919, to Mrs. Hoover, then at Stanford 
 University, instructing her to inform President Wilbur and 
 myself that fifty thousand dollars ($50,000) was available for 
 "an historical collection on the Great War," if a "suitable com- 
 mission" was at once organized and sent to Paris to undertake 
 the work. A further exchange of cables showed that Mr. 
 Hoover had no definite plan, but was merely impressed with 
 the desirability of making a collection and of doing it at once, 
 leaving details to be worked out. Speed seemed to be required 
 if Peace Conference materials were to be secured, and in the 
 result Mrs. Adams and I started for Paris on May 22, 1919, 
 as a "suitable commission," leaving for later determination the 
 scope and nature of the work and its organization. 
 
 There was not time to secure advice and counsel from 
 those in the United States qualified to give it. We sailed from 
 Halifax on June 2 on the Acquitania, still equipped as a troop 
 transport ship, arrived in Southampton on June 8, proceeded 
 to London, remaining three days and then crossed to Paris 
 
STANFORD UNIVERSITY y 
 
 on June 11. In London a conference with Mr. Hubert Hall, 
 of the Public Record Office, brought some valuable sug- 
 gestions, but otherwise no guiding advice was received. In 
 Paris, Mr. Hoover, intensively occupied in carrying on the 
 work of the American Relief Administration, in serving on the 
 Supreme Economic Council, and in occasional labors with the 
 Peace Conference, could give but little thought to planning 
 an historical collection. Indeed, the result of an initial con- 
 ference was merely to estabUsh two points; first, that an his- 
 torical collection was advisable; second, that the money was 
 immediately available as Mr. Hoover's personal gift. This 
 gift was to be transferred directly to me, on demand from 
 time to time, accounts and reports were to be rendered to Mr. 
 Hoover, and the materials once secured were to be transferred 
 to Stanford University. That arrangement still continues, 
 though the limit of fifty thousand dollars has since been re- 
 moved by the generous donor. 
 
 My colleagues in the history field can well appreciate the 
 joy of being so well provided with money to spend on his- 
 torical materials, and also the timidities of one accustomed to 
 fixed 'library allotments' limited to hundreds, not thousands. 
 This detailed statement of the beginnings of the collection is 
 introduced, in part, as apology in advance for mistakes in plan 
 and organization made by a novice in the work of collection, 
 and also for what may appear to some, as it certainly did to 
 the donor, as an undue amount of begging, thus reserving 
 expenditures for materials that could not be secured by gift. 
 But my own belief was then, and still is, that Mr. Hoover's 
 work for suffering peoples rendered the use of his name (at 
 that moment the most applauded in Europe) wholly justifiable 
 in approaching delegations at the Peace Conference, and gov- 
 ernments generally, for assistance and for direct gifts to the 
 "Hoover War Collection." It is needless to expand upon the 
 fact that his name has been the one greatest asset in our 
 enterprise. 
 
I. D. P. : DELEGATION PROPAGANDA 
 
 Looking over the field of work, it was evident that the 
 immediate problem was not the war, but the Peace Conference, 
 then drawing toward a close. Paris was crowded with dele- 
 gations, representing not merely nations having seats at the 
 Peace Conference, or, if not members, having claims to pre- 
 sent to that conference, but also delegations from peoples desir- 
 ing to be established as states on the principle of "self-deter- 
 mination." In most cases existing states were represented in 
 Paris both by the customary diplomatic officials and by a "dele- 
 gation," but for some of the lesser states the two functions 
 were combined in the hands of the regular diplomats. A visit 
 to the library of the American delegation at the Hotel Crillon 
 showed that the great bulk of the material gathered by Cap- 
 tain Gilchrist, in charge of that library, consisted of what was 
 called "delegation propaganda," intended to present claims and 
 influence decisions. Captain Gilchrist stated that many of the 
 earlier issues of such propaganda were already very difficult 
 to obtain, and he generously offered to us such duplicates as 
 might come to his shelves. This offer was accepted, and 
 throughout the work in Paris Captain Gilchrist showed himself 
 a very generous and suggestive counselor. 
 
 But a brief study of the question of delegation propaganda 
 revealed certain difficulties, especially as to its authenticity. 
 The staff of the library of the American delegation was too 
 small to do more than to list and place on the shelves whatever 
 material came to it. The sources of material could not be 
 investigated, and that this was important became clear at once 
 when a list of materials from delegations, drawn up for me by 
 Captain Gilchrist, was used in trying to secure such materials 
 for our own collection. It so happened that such a list of 
 some twenty publications, supposedly representing the argu- 
 ments and claims of the Zionists, was presented early in our 
 work to Mr. Felix Frankfurter. He at once stated that of 
 
STANFORD UNIVERSITY 11 
 
 the twenty titles sixteen either openly or actually were really 
 Anti-Zionist. The same condition was found to exist for many 
 of the delegations from the smaller central European and 
 Balkan States. The title of a document, its surface appearance, 
 and even its contents, were no guide as to its real source and 
 purposes. Propaganda had become a very high art at Paris. 
 
 The first problem then was to secure authentic delegation 
 propaganda — authentic in the sense that it was approved and 
 vouched for by the delegations themselves. This was accomp- 
 lished by visiting in person each of the delegations in Paris, 
 explaining our purpose, and asking for a gift of authentic 
 propaganda and of claims presented to the Peace Conference. 
 In every case the delegation was pleased to comply, furnish- 
 ing frequently not only the more important publications and 
 documents directly stating the cause and claims of its people, 
 but frequently gathering for us books, pamphlets, and even 
 reviews and newspapers, in which were expressed views of 
 which the delegation approved, and some of which had been 
 inspired by it. For propaganda in Paris was used to present 
 every possible aspect of a people's claims to recognition and 
 fair treatment by the Peace Conference. Thus the Jugo-Slav 
 delegation, as it then called itself, distributed widely a volume 
 of plays, "The People of the Universe," by Josif Kosor, in 
 both French and English translations, that the artistic develop- 
 ment of the Croatian race might be appreciated. Some dele- 
 gations even drew up for us comprehensive lists of works 
 which they could not themselves furnish, but which we were 
 advised to purchase, as desirable for an historical understand- 
 ing of the development, culture, and attainments of their 
 people. 
 
 The work with the delegations, especially with those of the 
 lesser peoples, was most interesting. I believe I was the only 
 unattached American professor of history, then in Paris, not 
 engaged in making history as an agent of the Peace Confer- 
 ence. It was possible to go anywhere, do anything, ask any 
 question I wished and, not being restricted by any sense of 
 
12 THE HOOVER WAR COLLECTION 
 
 official responsibility, it was possible to make some unusual 
 contacts, and to receive some unusual confidences. These, how- 
 ever, are not appropriate to this report, but the result was for 
 the collection that now and then confidential documents were 
 given which were really propaganda, but not to be acknowledged 
 as such until the peace treaty was signed. Such documents 
 were carefully marked as of the type indicated and now form 
 part of our classified propaganda material. If it had been pos- 
 sible to be absolutely sure of that which one could only guess 
 at with practical assurance, I would have gone further and 
 would have attempted to classify minor state propaganda by 
 the sources of support — that is by the major country which 
 was paying the bills, both for publications and for delegation 
 expenses. Why, for example, should the delegation of Assyria- 
 Chaldea be domiciled at an expensive hotel, be equipped with 
 a staff and an interpreter, while the sole and lonely repre- 
 sentative of the rival delegation of Assyria-Nestor of the 
 Caucasus living in the attic of a ramshackle house far out 
 in the suburbs, be prevented from leaving his hotel by a 
 landlord who wished at least one installment on his bill ? This 
 delegation of one was eager to present his case to us but found 
 difficulties, since he informed us in a few words of halting 
 French that he spoke no languages except "Russe, Arabique, 
 Syrian, Armenian, Turque." It seemed a justifiable use of 
 our resources to make the needed arrangements whereby the 
 delegation could come to our office with an interpreter and 
 documents properly typed and organized. Rumor had it that 
 Assyria-Chaldea of the expensive hotel had the backing of 
 France, and Assyria-Nestor had even become suspicious of his 
 landlord as probably an official of the French foreign office in 
 disguise. 
 
 Montenegro still maintained her royal consulate in Paris 
 and issued propaganda, though her territory and peoples were 
 being represented by the Serbs who claimed enthusiastic 
 popular Montenegrin support for Jugo-Slavia. Italian money 
 was supposed to be back of Montenegro. 
 
STANFORD UNIVERSITY 13 
 
 Korea was thought to be financed at Paris by China, though 
 the presence of the first Korean delegate was due, according to 
 his own story, to the sympathetic home rule ideas of an Irish 
 sea captain, who bluffed Japanese officials in a Japanese port 
 out of searching his vessel. Rumor was no good ground, how- 
 ever, for classifying minor peoples' propaganda under major 
 powers. It was a relief to find, occasionally, a delegation 
 like that of the Carpatho-Russians which quite certainly was 
 not indebted to a major power. This delegation desired the 
 ultimate restoration to Russia of its people of Eastern Galicia, 
 but recognizing this as not immediately attainable, asked inde- 
 pendence on the usual claim of "self-determination," especi- 
 ally protesting against incorporation in Poland — their final 
 fate by the peace terms. The members of the delegation were 
 long-time residents of America, representing about one 
 hundred thousand coal miners of western Pennsylvania, and 
 supported by voluntary contributions from this group of Amer- 
 ican workers, stirred to nationalistic sentiment by the most 
 understandable, to European peoples, of President Wilson's 
 fourteen points. Everywhere, with the lesser peoples' delega- 
 tions, there was enthusiasm for self-determination, and desire 
 for a protecting American mandate, as the only one which 
 was above suspicion. 
 
 The first work at Paris, then, was the collection of dele- 
 gation propaganda, making sure whether it was authorized or 
 not, classifying it as authentic, or as miscellaneous, and mark- 
 ing each item of the authentic in such a way as to indicate its 
 direct source. Much miscellaneous Peace Conference propa- 
 ganda material was secured also, but it is organized in our 
 collection as such, for the very fact that Paris was full of 
 propaganda of which no one would acknowledge the paternity, 
 made us especially wary. In this report no list of miscellane- 
 ous propaganda is given. This may wait for the final cata- 
 loguing process. The primary value of the Hoover War Col- 
 lection of delegation propaganda is not its size, but rather that 
 it is, we believe, the only one in existence, collected and organ- 
 
14 THE HOOVER WAR COLLECTION 
 
 ized on the plan of knowing what was indubitably authentic. 
 In the following list of delegations from whom authentic 
 propaganda was secured, it will be noted that a few larger, 
 and several lesser, states are missing. These issued, or at 
 least acknowledged no peace conference propaganda. Their 
 "war time" propaganda is another matter and will be discussed 
 later in this report, as will the securing of propaganda from 
 the principal enemy powers. 
 
 The list which follows shows the authentic peace confer- 
 ence propaganda in the Hoover War Collection, organized by 
 the fifty-four delegations from which it was secured, and 
 with the number of separate items from each delegation. An 
 item may be a single leaflet, a book, or a file of a journal or 
 review, or an official representation to the Peace Conference. 
 Regarding each title as an item, even if it represents a file 
 of a journal, the total of items of authentic propaganda is 
 1298, while unidentified or miscellaneous propaganda amounts 
 to about 645 titles. 
 
 Authentic Delegation Propaganda at the 
 Peace Conference 
 
 Albania 6 Egypt 12 
 
 Arabia 1 Esthonia 17 
 
 Argentina 1 Euxine Pontus 6 
 
 Armenia 55 Finland 18 
 
 Assyria-Chaldea 1 Fiume 2 
 
 Assyria-Nestor of the Cauca- France 132 
 
 sus 3 Georgia 10 
 
 Azerbaidjan 1 Germans in Austria 25 
 
 Bessarabia 3 Germany _ 67 
 
 Bolivia 1 Greece 65 
 
 Bulgaria 70 Holland 2 
 
 Carpatho-Russians 19 Hungary 27 
 
 Chile 21 Italy 63 
 
 China 12 Japan 14 
 
 Circassia-Daghestan 13 J)ews 3 
 
 Costa Rica 6 Korea 7 
 
 Czecho-Slovakia 29 Kurd 1 
 
 Denmark 13 Latvia 6 
 
STANFORD UNIVERSITY 
 
 15 
 
 Liban 6 Portugal 9 
 
 Lithuania 23 Rumania 42 
 
 Luxembourg 1 Russia...*- _ _ 42 
 
 Macedo-Roumains 2 
 
 Montenegro 33 
 
 Sweden 10 
 
 Syria 12 
 
 Norway 2 Turkey 1 
 
 Panama. 1 Ukraine _ _ _. 34 
 
 Persia 8 Yougoslavia 228 
 
 Peru 6 
 
 Poland 74 
 
 Zionist 33 
 
 Note. — The above list does not include delegation material received 
 at Stanford University since the Peace Conference. 
 
' II. S. p.: SOCIETY PUBLICATIONS, 
 
 During the Period of the War and of the 
 Peace Conference, 1914-1919. 
 
 Before starting to Paris, in discussing the possibilities of 
 the collection with Librarian G. T. Clark of Stanford Uni- 
 versity, the suggestion was made that in addition to the pur- 
 chase of ordinary books and works, a special effort might be 
 made to secure pamphlets, ordinarily difficult to trace and to 
 secure through the regular book trade. The thought here was 
 to collect material similar to that on the French Revolution at 
 Cornell University, or to the special Jarboe Collection at Stan- 
 ford, of pamphlets relating to Marie Antoinette. Arrived in 
 Paris this field was investigated only to discover that "pam- 
 phleteering" in its former usage no longer existed in any large 
 degree. Everyone who has wandered the streets of Paris will 
 recall, however, that one of the customary sights is that of a 
 knot of readers gathered opposite some wall on which a poster 
 has been put up, and if he has examined these posters, will 
 have discovered that they are screeds upon some vital topic 
 of the day. They are occasionally the product of individual 
 effort, and are the modern French development of individual 
 pamphleteering. More often they are put up by some society, 
 thus representing the pamphleteering effort of a group of 
 people who have united for a special object. It was Mr. 
 Robert C. Binkley, a Stanford student but recently demobilized 
 after two years' army service in France and now attached to 
 our work in Paris as interpreter, who, being much interested 
 in these posters, first suggested that the society publications of 
 France for the period of the war would be worth getting. 
 
 Consideration of this suggestion led to the conviction that 
 here indeed was the modern equivalent of pamphleteering. 
 A man no longer publishes quite independently his own ideas on 
 questions of national interest. He joins a group, or society, 
 of like-minded persons, unites with others in putting out 
 
STANFORD UNIVERSITY 17 
 
 arguments in the form of reports, journals, books, and pam- 
 phlets, and in France, of posters. If he undertakes author- 
 ship his work appears under the auspices of the society. Here 
 then was an apparently unworked field of materials certain to 
 be most valuable to the historian who wished to understand 
 the ideals and purposes of the peoples at war, and it was 
 determined to gather as complete as possible a file, from each 
 leading society of Paris, of all its publications of whatever 
 nature during the period of the war. If this proved success- 
 ful, the plan would be extended to other countries. 
 
 I have written "apparently unworked field," for in fact it 
 was discovered later that the great Musee de la Guerre, in 
 Paris, had undertaken the same work and for the same reason, 
 and that for societies directly active in war work a collection 
 had been made by the British Imperial War Museum. Indeed, 
 for French societies our final comprehensive lists and addresses 
 were largely secured through the courtesy of the Musee de la 
 Guerre. Mr. Binkley was given special charge of this work 
 with the societies, with instruction to secure files beginning 
 with 1914, that by having publications antedating the outbreak 
 of war, the student might determine the eifect of the war on 
 society activities and purposes. As the material came in, 
 nearly all of it by gift, it proved to be of the very widest 
 variety and of exceedingly great interest. I am convinced that 
 the historian of the Great War will never adequately represent 
 its effect upon the people of a country until he has examined 
 and digested the society publications of the period. It is 
 material, also, which furnishes excellent opportunity for grad- 
 uate student research and theses on special topics, or on special 
 groups of interests as represented by several societies, or for 
 a comparison of nationalistic tendencies by comparison of 
 similar societies in various countries. All in all this society 
 publication material has assumed a constantly increasing im- 
 portance in our eyes, and our efforts are continuous in secur- 
 ing it. At first it was intended to secure only the larger and 
 more important societies, but later we collected everything, — 
 
18 THE HOOVER WAR COLLECTION 
 
 from societies whose publications are so extensive as to be 
 regular journals down to societies that published only leaf- 
 lets, or sometimes only mimeographed articles clandestinely 
 distributed. It was an interesting fact that once our purpose 
 was noised about, societies we had never heard of brought 
 tlieir publications to us. I was myself 'held up' once in London, 
 just off Piccadilly Circus, and hurriedly handed, by an unknown 
 person, a very rare file of a society suppressed by the authori- 
 ties during the war. 
 
 Naturally the historical value of one society's publications 
 may be much greater than that of another, but mere amount 
 of annual publication is no guide to determining relative merit. 
 In all countries there are long established societies whose 
 annual publications are voluminous, but which have little im- 
 portance since the society itself is but a "dead hand" continua- 
 tion of some earlier vigorous organization. A new, poorly 
 financed but vigorous society may be of much greater war his- 
 torical value. Whatever the type they were all gathered in, 
 provided they were not of a purely scientific nature. The 
 test of inclusion was merely that a society was organized and 
 worked, if ever so remotely, for some existing or desired 
 status of society, in any of its manifestations. Occasionally 
 it was felt that certain societies were really but performing a 
 governmental function in devoting themselves to the issue of 
 what was in fact national war- or peace-time propaganda. 
 For example, the twenty-nine filled pamphlet boxes in the 
 Hoover War Collection, which contain the gifts of the Comite 
 Catholique de Propagande Frangaise a I'Etranger, represent, 
 in the main, a special feature of French governmental war 
 propaganda, yet, being intrusted to a selected Catholic society 
 founded for the purpose, it has seemed preferable to list such 
 material under S. P. — Society Pubhcations. 
 
 In Paris the work of gathering this type of material was 
 carried on by Mr. Binkley and by personal visits and explana- 
 tions of our needs. In England Mr. Binkley visited the lead- 
 ing London men's societies, while Mrs. Adams secured the 
 
STANFORD UNIVERSITY 19 
 
 women's societies. Everywhere the personal explanation was 
 preferable to the written request, for the secretaries of many 
 societies failed to grasp our purpose and were inclined to 
 accede to the request by merely handing over a few samples 
 of literature. By persistence we secured files in most cases 
 for the years 1914-1919, inclusive. For the British societies 
 outside of London, for the continuation of the work in France, 
 and for the United States, correspondence has been used, and 
 while less effective than the personal visit, is yelding fair 
 results. Agents are now at work on this type of material in 
 Belgium and in Germany, and will be appointed in other 
 countries. But the only countries whose societies are as yet 
 at all adequately represented in the Hoover War Collection 
 are France, Great Britain, and the United States, and the lists 
 for these alone are given in this report. No exact count of 
 titles for this part of the collection has been made, but roughly 
 it may be estimated at about eleven thousand items. The 
 materials, unless presented in bound form by the societies, have 
 been placed in pamphlet boxes, shelved by countries, and alpha- 
 betically arranged by the name of the society, and a rough 
 working card catalogue of these has been made for the use of 
 research students. 
 
 List of Societies From Which Files of Publications 
 During the War Have Been Received by the 
 Hoover War Collection. (March 22, 1921.) 
 
 A. FRANCE 
 Academic Frangaise. 
 Action des Femmes. 
 Action Sociale de la Femme. 
 Alliance d'Education Sociale et Civique. 
 Alliance Frangaise. 
 
 Alliance Nationale pour I'Accroissement de la Population Frangaise. 
 Alliance Republicaine Democratique. 
 Alliance Universitaire. 
 
 Association Catholique Internationale des Oeuvres de Protection de la 
 Jeune Fille. 
 
20 THE HOOVER WAR COLLECTION 
 
 Association Centrale pour la Reprise de I'Activite Industrielle dans les 
 
 Regions Envahies. 
 Association de la Paix par le Droit. 
 Association du Livre Frangais. 
 Association Frangaise pour la Societe des Nations. 
 Association Franco-Norvegienne. (Fransk-Norsk Forening.) 
 Association Italo-Frangaise d'Expansion Economique. 
 Association Nationale pour la Defense des Idees Frangaises a I'Etranger. 
 Association Nationale pour I'Expansion Morale et Materielle de la 
 
 France. 
 Association Nationale des Pbrteurs Frangais des Valeurs Mobiliers. 
 Association Nationale d'Expansion Economique. 
 Association pour la Defense des Interets Frangais en Pays Ennemis ou 
 
 Envahis. 
 L'Avenir. 
 
 Bureau Catholique de la Presse. 
 Caniarades de Combat. 
 
 Cercle Commercial et Industriel de France. 
 Chambre de Commerce Russo-Frangaise. 
 Comite Catholique de Propagande Frangaise a I'Etranger. 
 Comite Central des Ligues de Families Nombreuses. 
 Comite Central des Refugies du Pas-de-Calais. 
 Comite Confederal Frangais du Travail Chretien. 
 Comite d'Action Franco-Musulman de I'Afrique du Nord. 
 Comite de I'Afrique Frangaise. 
 Comite de I'Asie Frangaise. 
 Comite de I'Oceanie Frangaise. 
 
 Comite de Publication de Lettres a Tous les Frangais. 
 Comite des Amities Catholiques Frangaises. 
 Comite d'Etude et de Propagande pour I'Etat-Pax. 
 Comite d'Etudes et Documents sur la Guerre. 
 Comite d'Initiative pour Preparer les Moyens de Liquider les Charges 
 
 de la Guerre sans Impots ni Emprunts avec la Paix Durable. 
 Comite Feminin Frangais du Travail. 
 Comite Franco-Amerique. 
 Comite Franco-Britannique. 
 Comite Libanais de Paris. 
 Comite National d'Action pour la Reparation Integrale des Dommages 
 
 causes par la Guerre. 
 Comite National d'Etudes Sociales et Politiques. 
 Comite Protestant Frangais. 
 Conciliation Internationale. 
 Confederation Generale du Travail. 
 
STANFOED UNIVERSITY 21 
 
 Confederation Nationale de la Production. 
 
 Confederation Nationale du Travail. 
 La Conference au Village. 
 
 Conseil National des Femmes Frangaises. 
 
 Croix Rouge, Frangaise. (Societe Frangaise de Secours aux Blesses 
 Militaires.) 
 
 Dotation Carnegie pour la Paix Internationale. 
 
 L'Europe Orientale. 
 
 Federation Frangaise des Syndicats d'Employes Catholiques. 
 
 Federation Frangaise des Unions des Syndicats Professionels Feminins. 
 
 Federation Internationale des Ligues Catholiques Feminines. 
 
 France-HoUande (Association), 
 
 Groupement Intersyndical pour I'Etude des Conditions de la Paix. 
 
 Interallied Union. 
 
 Ligue Anti-Austro-AUemande. 
 
 Ligue Civique. 
 
 Ligue Coloniale Frangaise. 
 
 Ligue de Defense Nationale contre la Franc-Maconnerie, 
 
 Ligue de I'Action Frangaise. 
 
 Ligue de la Jeune Republique. 
 
 Ligue de Representation Professionelle et d'Action Regionaliste. 
 
 Ligue des Droits de THomme. 
 
 Ligue du Libre Echange. 
 
 Ligue d'Union Sociale et Federation des Societes Nouvelles. (Unite 
 Frangais.) 
 
 Ligue Frangaise. 
 
 Ligue Frangaise pour le Droit des Femmes. 
 
 Ligue Maritime Frangaise. 
 
 Ligue Nationale contre I'Alcoolisme. 
 
 Ligue Nationale des Revindications Frangaises en Russie. 
 
 Ligue Nationale Frangaise. 
 
 Ligue Nationale Populaire de 1' Aviation. 
 
 Ligue Navale Frangaise. 
 
 Ligue Patriotique des Frangaises. 
 
 Ligue pour le Relevement de la Natalite Frangaise et la Defense des 
 Families Nombreuses. 
 
 Ligue pour une Societe des Nations Basee sur une Constitution Inter- 
 nationale. 
 
 Ligue Republicaine de Defense Nationale. (Droit et Liberte.) 
 
 Office Frangais des Interets Feminins. 
 
 Ohabe Sion. 
 
 Parti de la Democratie Nouvelle. 
 
 Parti Republicain-Radical et Radical-Socialiste. 
 
22 THE HOOVER WAR COLLECTION 
 
 Petit Patriote. 
 
 La Plus Grande Fatnille. 
 
 Presse-Associee. 
 
 Progres Civique. 
 
 Publicite Catholique. 
 
 Quatrieme Republique. (Parti Republicain de Reorganisation Na- 
 
 tionale. 
 Roumanian Association for the Society of Nations. 
 Societe Centrale de Protestation contra la Licence des Rues. 
 Societe d'Encouragement pour I'lndustrie Nationale. 
 Societe des Amis de I'Espagne. 
 Societe Nouvelle de la Publicite. 
 
 Societe pour la Defense et I'lUustration de I'Art Frangais. 
 Syndicat des Employes du Commerce et de I'lndustrie. 
 Syndicat des Mecaniciens, Chaudronniers et Fondeurs de France. 
 Tribune Juive. 
 
 Union des Frangaises contre I'Alcool. 
 Union des Grandes Associations Fran?aises contre la Propaganda 
 
 Ennemi. 
 Union des Peres et Meres dont les Fils sont Morts pour la Patrie. 
 Union Federale des Travailleurs Anti-Revolutionnaires de France. 
 Union Frangaise d'Acheteuses. 
 Union Frangaise pour la Suffrage des Femmes. 
 Union Fraternelle des Blesses de la Grande Guerre. 
 Union Mutuelle Centrale des Victimes des Dommages Causes par la 
 
 Guerre. 
 Union Nationale Republicaine. 
 Vielle France, La. 
 
 B. GREAT BRITAIN 
 Admiralty and Outposts Clerical Federation. 
 Aegean Islands Committee. 
 African Society. 
 
 Agricultural Organization Society. 
 All-India Moslem League. 
 
 Amalgamated Union of Cooperative and Commercial Employees. 
 American Chamber of Commerce. 
 Anglo-American Society. 
 Anglo-Hellenic League. 
 Anglo-Spanish Society. 
 Anti-Socialist Union. 
 
 Associated Chambers of Commerce of the United Kingdom. 
 Association for Moral and Social Hygiene. 
 Association of Conservative Clubs. 
 
STANFORD UNIVERSITY 23 
 
 Association of Municipal Corporations. 
 
 Boy Scouts. 
 
 Bread and Food Reform League. 
 
 Brewers' Society. 
 
 Bribery and Secret Commissions Prevention League. 
 
 Britain and India. 
 
 British and Foreign School Society. 
 
 British and Foreign Unitarian Association. 
 
 British Association for Labor Legislation. 
 
 British Commonwealth Union. 
 
 British Cotton Growing Association. 
 
 British Empire Producers' Organization. 
 
 British Empire Union. 
 
 British Italian League. 
 
 British Latin-American Chamber of Commerce 
 
 British Palestine Committee. 
 
 British Red Crescent Society. 
 
 British Red Cross. 
 
 British Russia Club. 
 
 British Temperance League. 
 
 British Union for Abolition of Vivisection. 
 
 British Women's Emigration Association. 
 
 British Workers' League. 
 
 Britons, The. 
 
 Catholic Emigration Society. 
 
 Catholic Social Guild. 
 
 Catholic Truth Society. 
 
 Catholic Women's League. 
 
 Central and Associated Chambers of Agriculture. 
 
 Central Bureau for the Employment of Women. 
 
 Central Church Committee for Defense and Instruction. 
 
 Central Committee for National Patriotic Organizations. 
 
 Central Emigration Board. 
 
 Ceylon Association in London. 
 
 Chambre de Commerce Fran^aise de Londres. 
 
 Charity Organization Society. 
 
 Cheltenham Ladies' College Guild Settlement. 
 
 Church Army. 
 
 Church Emigration Society. 
 
 Church of England Temperance Society. 
 
 Civil Service Union. 
 
 Cobden Club. 
 
 Colonial Intelligence League. 
 
24 THE HOOVER WAR COLLECTION 
 
 Committee on War Damage. 
 
 Commonwealth League. 
 
 Comrades of the Great War. 
 
 Cooperative Union. 
 
 Council for the Study of International Relations. 
 
 Council of Action. 
 
 Council of Loyal British Subjects of German, Austrian, and Hungarian 
 
 Birth. 
 County Councils' Association. 
 
 Dock, Wharf, Riverside and General Workers' Union. 
 Duty and Discipline Movement. 
 East India Association. 
 Empire Parliamentary Association. 
 Employers' Parliamentary Council. 
 English Language Union. 
 
 English League for the Taxation of Land Values. 
 English Zionist Federation. 
 Entente Cocdiale Society. 
 Fabian Society. 
 Farmers' Club. 
 Fawcett Association. 
 Federation of British Industries. 
 Federation of Engineering and Shipbuilding Trades of the United 
 
 Kingdom. 
 Federation of University Women. 
 Fight the Famine Council. 
 Food Education Society. 
 Free Trade Union. 
 Friends of Armenia. 
 Friends of Russian Freedoqi. 
 Garton Foundation. 
 General Federation of Trade Unions. 
 Girl Guides, The. 
 Girls' Friendly Society. 
 Grotius Society. 
 
 Highland and Agricultural Society of Scotland. 
 Home Rule for India League. 
 Homeless Children's Aid and Adoption Society. 
 Howard Association. 
 Imperial Commercial Association. 
 Imperial Institute. 
 Imperial Maritime League. 
 Imperial Patriots. 
 
STANFORD UNIVERSITY 25 
 
 Imperial Sunday Alliance. 
 
 Income Tax Protection and Relief Society. 
 
 Income Tax Reform League. 
 
 Independent Labour Party. 
 
 Independent Labour Party, Information Committee. 
 
 Indian National Congress. 
 
 Indo-British Association. 
 
 Industrial League and Council. 
 
 Industrial Reconstruction League. 
 
 Institute of Bankers. 
 
 International Association for Labour Legislation. 
 
 International Federation for the Abolition of State Regulation of Vice. 
 
 International Federation of Master Cotton Spinners and Manufacturers' 
 
 Association. 
 International Law Association. 
 Irish Press Agency. 
 Irish Unionist Alliance. 
 Junior Imperial League. 
 Labour Co-Partnership Association. 
 Labour Party. 
 
 Labour Research Department. 
 Land Nationalization Society. 
 Land Union. 
 League of the Empire. 
 Liberty and Property Defense League. 
 Life and Liberty Movement. 
 London and River Plate Bank. 
 London Chamber of Commerce. 
 London Municipal Society. 
 London Muslim League. 
 London Reform Union. 
 London School of Economics. 
 London Society. 
 
 London Society for Women's Suffrage. 
 London Trades Council. 
 Malthusian League. 
 Manchester Land Values League. 
 Manchester Statistical Society. 
 Manufacturing Confectioners' Alliance. 
 Master Cotton Spinners' and Manufacturers' Association. 
 Middle Classes Union. 
 Miners' Federation of Great Britain. 
 National Alliance of Employers and Employed. 
 
26 THE HOOVER WAR COLLECTION 
 
 National Anti-Sweating League. 
 
 National Anti- Vaccination League. 
 
 National Association of Food Manufacturers. 
 
 National British Women's Temperance Association. 
 
 National Church League. 
 
 National Council for Civil Liberties. 
 
 National Council for the Unmarried Mother and Her Child. 
 
 National Council of Women of Great Britain and Ireland. 
 
 National Currency League. 
 
 National Democratic and Labour Party. 
 
 National Education Association. 
 
 National Farmers' Union. 
 
 National Federation of Discharged and Demobilized Soldiers and 
 
 Sailors. 
 National Federation of General Workers. 
 National Federation of Women Workers. 
 National Food Reform Association. 
 National Free Labour Association. 
 National Guilds League. 
 
 National Housing and Town Planning Council. 
 National Indian Association. 
 National Land and Home League. 
 National Liberal Party. 
 National Organization of Girls' Clubs. 
 National Party. 
 National Political League. 
 
 National Protestant League of Church Associations. 
 National Safety Movement. 
 National Socialist Party. 
 National Temperance League. 
 National Trade Defense Association. 
 National Transport Workers' Federation. 
 National Union of Allotment Holders. 
 National Union of Clerks. 
 
 National Union of Distributive and Allied Workers 
 National Union of Railwaymen. 
 National Union of Societies for Equal Citizenship. 
 National Union of Teachers. 
 National Union of Women's Suffrage Societies. 
 National Union of Women Workers. 
 
 National Unionist Association of Conservative and Liberal Clubs. 
 Navy League. 
 No-Conscription Fellowship. 
 
STANFORD UNIVERSITY 27 
 
 Northbrook Society. 
 
 Norwegian Chamber of Commerce. 
 
 Nouvelle Societe Helvetique. 
 
 One Flag League. 
 
 Organizer, The. 
 
 Over-Seas Club and Patriotic League. 
 
 Patriotic League of Britons Overseas. 
 
 Peace Negotiations Committee. 
 
 Peace Society (International). 
 
 Personal Rights Association. 
 
 Polish Information Committee. 
 
 Polish Press Bureau. 
 
 Primrose League. 
 
 Property Protection Society. 
 
 Proportional Representation Society. 
 
 Protestant Alliance. 
 
 Protestant Truth Society. 
 
 Reconstruction Society. 
 
 Remembrance League. 
 
 Royal Agricultural Society. 
 
 Royal Army Temperance Association. 
 
 Royal Colonial Institute. 
 
 Royal Geographical Society. 
 
 Royal Institute of Public Health. 
 
 Royal Society of St. George. 
 
 Royal United Service Institution. 
 
 Rural Housing League. 
 
 Rural League. 
 
 Ruskin College. 
 
 Russia Society. 
 
 Russian Liberation Committee. 
 
 Russian Refugees' Relief Association. 
 
 Sailors' and Firemen's Union. 
 
 Saint Marylebone Female Protection Society. 
 
 Salvation Army. 
 
 Salvation Army, Emigration Committee. 
 
 Save the Children Fund. 
 
 Serbian Society. 
 
 Society for Befriending the Unmarried Mother and Her Child. 
 
 Society for the Overseas Settlement of British Women. 
 
 Society for the Promoting of Christian Knowrledge. 
 
 Society for Promoting the Employment of Women. 
 
 Society for the Propagation of the Gospel in Foreign Parts. 
 
28 THE HOOVER WAR COLLECTION 
 
 Society of Comparative Legislation. 
 
 Society of Friends. 
 
 Society of Friends, Emergency Committee for the Assistance of Enemy 
 Aliens in Distress. 
 
 Society of Friends, Service Committee. 
 
 Society of Friends, Tract Association. 
 
 Society of Friends, War Victims' Relief Committee. (Friends' Emer- 
 gency Committee.) 
 
 Soldiers' and Sailors' Families' Association. 
 
 South African Colonization Society. 
 
 South African Native Deputation. 
 
 State Children's Association. 
 
 Sulgrave Institute. 
 
 Surveyors' Institution. 
 
 Swiss Institute. 
 
 Tariff Commission. 
 
 Tariff Reform League. 
 
 Temperance Legislation League. 
 
 Trades Union Congress. 
 
 True Temperance Association. 
 
 Ulster Unionist Council. 
 
 Union of Democratic Control. 
 
 Union of Jewish Women. 
 
 Union of Russian Zemstvos and Towns. 
 
 United Committee for the Taxation of Land Values. 
 
 United Irish League of Great Britain. 
 
 United Kingdom Alliance. 
 
 United Russian Societies' Association. 
 
 Universities' Mission to Central Africa. 
 
 Vacant Land Cultivation Society. 
 
 Victoria League. 
 
 War Emergency Committee, 
 
 War Rents League. 
 
 West Indian Contingent Committee. 
 
 White Cross League. 
 
 Women's Cooperative Guild. 
 
 Women's Farm and Garden Union. 
 
 Women's Industrial Council. 
 
 Women's Industrial League. 
 
 Women's Institute. 
 
 Women's International League. 
 
 Women's Local Government Society. 
 
 Women's National Land Service Corps. 
 
STANFORD UNIVERSITY 29 
 
 Women Patrols Committee. 
 Women's Trade Union League. 
 Workers' Educational Association. 
 World Alliance of Churches. 
 Young Men's Christian Association. 
 Zionist Organization. 
 
 C. UNITED STATES 
 American Ambulance Hospital Fund. 
 American Association for International Conciliation. 
 American Association for Labor Legislation. 
 
 American Association to Promote the Teaching of Speech to the Deaf. 
 American Civil Liberties Union. 
 American Committee of Justice. 
 American Constitutional League of Wisconsin. 
 American Defense Society. 
 American Exchange National Bank. 
 American Expeditionary Forces. 
 American Federation of Labor. 
 American Friends of German Democracy. 
 American Friends' Service Committee. 
 Alexander Hamilton Institute. 
 American-Hellenic Society. 
 American Jewish Committee. 
 American Legion. 
 American Library Association. 
 American National Red Cross. 
 American Peace Society. 
 
 American Proportional Representation League. 
 American Red Cross Commission to Western Russia and the Baltic 
 
 States. 
 American Relief Administration (European Children's Fund). 
 American-Roumanian Chamber of Commerce. 
 American-Russian Chamber of Commerce. 
 American School Citizenship League. 
 American School Peace League. 
 American Social Hygiene Association. 
 American Social Science Association. 
 American Tract Society. 
 American Union Against Militarism. 
 American Welfare Association for German Children. 
 Association Canado-Americane. 
 Association To Abolish War. 
 Babson Statistical Organization. 
 
30 THE HOOVER WAR COLLECTION 
 
 Boy Scouts of America. 
 
 Bricklayers. Masons, and Plasterers International Union. 
 
 California Farmers' Cooperative Association. 
 
 California Feed Stuffs Committee. 
 
 Carnegie Endowment for International Peace. 
 
 Carpatho-Russian Supreme Committee. 
 
 Chase National Bank. 
 
 Chinese National Welfare Society in America. 
 
 Church Peace Union. 
 
 Committee of American Business Men. 
 
 Committee of the Friends of Greece. 
 
 Commonwealth Club of California. 
 
 Congregational Church Building Society. 
 
 Congregational Home Missionary Society. 
 
 Czecho-Slovak National Alliance of America. 
 
 Detroit Board of Commerce. 
 
 Deutschen Sprachgruppe der Socialist Party of the United States. 
 
 Equitable Trust Company of New York. 
 
 Federal Council of the Churches of Christ in America. 
 
 Federation of American Zionists. 
 
 Free Speech League. 
 
 Friends Book and Tract Committee. 
 
 Friends of Freedom for India. 
 
 Friends of Irish Freedom. 
 
 Friends of Roumania. 
 
 Friends of Ukraine. 
 
 Guaranty Trust Company. 
 
 Hebrew Sheltering and Immigrant Aid Society. 
 
 Hindustan Gadar Party. 
 
 Home Missions Council. 
 
 Hungarian-American Federation. 
 
 Institute for Public Service. 
 
 Intercollegiate Prohibition Association. 
 
 Intercollegiate Socialist Society. 
 
 International Order of Kings' Daughters and Sons. 
 
 Inter-Racial Council. 
 
 International Reform Bureau. 
 
 International Sunshine Society. 
 
 Italian Chamber of Commerce. 
 
 Itahan Federation of the Socialist Party. 
 
 Japan Society. 
 
 Japan Society of America. 
 
 Jewish Publication Society. 
 
STANFORD UNIVERSITY 31 
 
 Knights and Ladies of Security. 
 
 Korean National Association. 
 
 League for Industrial Rights. 
 
 League for Permanent Peace. 
 
 League of Free Nations Association. 
 
 League To Enforce Peace. 
 
 Life Extension Institute. 
 
 Loyal Coalition. 
 
 Maryland League for National Defense. 
 
 Massachusetts Joint Committee for a League of Free Nations. 
 
 Mayor's Committee of Women on National Defense, New York. 
 
 Mechanics and Metals National Bank. 
 
 Metropolitan Life Insurance Company. 
 
 Military Training Camps Association of the United States. 
 
 National Americanization Committee for Immigrants in America. 
 
 National American Women Suffrage Association. 
 
 National Association for the Advancement of Colored People. 
 
 National Bank of Commerce. 
 
 National Catholic War Council. 
 
 National City Bank of New York. 
 
 National City Bank of New York, Rio de Janeiro Branch. 
 
 National Civic Federation. 
 
 National Committee of Patriotic and Defense Societies. 
 
 National Committee on the Churches and the Moral Aims of the War. 
 
 National Consumers' League. 
 
 National Economic League. 
 
 National Foreign Trade Council. 
 
 National Historical Society. 
 
 National Indian Association. 
 
 National Institute of Social Sciences. 
 
 National League for Women's Service. 
 
 National Marine League of the United States. 
 
 National Municipal League. 
 
 National Polish Committee of America. 
 
 National Polish Department of America. 
 
 National Security League. 
 
 National Urban League. 
 
 National Woman's Party. 
 
 Navy League of the United States. 
 
 Near East Relief. 
 
 New Syria National League. 
 
 Pacific Cooperative League. 
 
 Pan-Albanian Federation of America. 
 
32 THE HOOVER WAR COLLECTION 
 
 Pan-Epirotic Union in America. 
 
 Peace Committee of Philadelphia Yearly Meeting of Friends. 
 
 Permanent Blind Relief War Fund for Soldiers and Sailors of the 
 
 Allies. 
 Polish National Council of America. 
 Polish Publishing Company. 
 Polish Victims' Relief Fund. 
 Public Ownership League of America. 
 
 Publicity Bureau of the Chinese Students, University of Illinois. 
 Rand School of Social Research. 
 Rockefeller Foundation. 
 Roumanian Relief Committee of America. 
 Royal Neighbors of America. 
 Russian Information Bureau in the United States. 
 Russian Soviet Government Bureau. 
 Security Benefit Association. 
 Serbian Child Welfare Association of America. 
 Serbian Relief Committee of America. 
 Social and Scientiiic Society of New York. 
 Socialist Labor Party. 
 Socialist Party. 
 
 Societe Nationale des Professeurs Frangais en Amerique. 
 Society for the Propagation of the Faith. 
 Society for Visual Education. 
 Society To Eliminate Economic Causes of War. 
 State and Local Building Trades Councils of California. 
 Ukrainian National Association. 
 Ukrainian Press Service. 
 Volta Bureau. 
 
 Woman's Missionary Union. 
 
 World Alliance for International Friendship through the Churches. 
 World Peace Foundation. 
 Young Democracy. 
 
 Young Women's Christian Association War Work Council. 
 Zionist Organization of America. 
 
III. G. D.: GOVERNMENT DOCUMENTS 
 
 Government documents have long held an important place 
 in the general library of Stanford University. Indeed, in our 
 new library building there is a special wing with a special 
 staff devoted to this type of material, with excellent facilities 
 for access to the shelves and for work in immediate contact 
 with them. This is known as the "Document Room," con- 
 taining some 35,000 volumes, which are the publications of 
 governments. Among the best of these are first, a splendid 
 set of United States documents, 7,000 volumes ; second, a set 
 of the British Sessional Papers, from 1800 to the present 
 date, 4,500 volumes; third, a complete set of Canadian Ses- 
 sional Papers and of Debates, 1867 to date, 1,000 volumes; 
 fourth, a fairly adequate set of Australian government docu- 
 ments ; fifth, partial and incomplete sets for many other coun- 
 tries. Complete sets of debates, or legislative proceedings, 
 for the four countries named above are also in the "Docu- 
 ment Room"; as also partially complete sets of debates for 
 other countries. 
 
 These facts are stated because the existence of this type 
 of material in such large quantity at Stanford had a definite 
 bearing on a part of our work for the Hoover War Collection, 
 and, in certain cases, on the methods used in gathering it. 
 From the first it was desired to make a fairly complete col- 
 lection of government documents, not merely from the nations 
 at war, but from all the nations, during the period of the 
 war, 1914-1919, inclusive, since the neutral nations also were 
 affected by the war, and their government documents will 
 reveal, in part, their reactions to it. At first it was felt that 
 to ask from each nation a gift of atl its government docu- 
 ments for the period indicated was unwise, and the original 
 requests were limited to those documents which were regarded 
 as of most interest in a war collection. These were: 
 
34 THE HOOVER WAR COLLECTION 
 
 (1) Diplomatic publications. 
 
 (2) Military publications, showing campaigfns, organi- 
 zation of armies, etc. 
 
 (3) Legislative debates. 
 
 (4) Documents in any way dealing with questions of 
 food supply and administration. 
 
 This last, both here, and in all parts of our work, has been 
 constantly emphasized, and in fact, is the one outstanding 
 feature of the collection. 
 
 It was soon found, however, that governments were just 
 as willing — even preferred — to give a blanket promise for all 
 government documents during the period 1914-1919, as to be 
 bothered with making a selection. Also further consideration 
 convinced us that it was important for historical purposes to 
 have complete sets of documents, for many things included in 
 them, though not included in the four categories listed above, 
 exhibit war reaction. Even the omission, in 1916 let us say, 
 of government activities customary in 1914 is presumably a 
 war reaction. For these reasons, after a short initial experi- 
 ence, the request was always made for everything for the 
 period 1914-1919, inclusive. 
 
 Work on government documents was not undertaken until 
 that for delegation propaganda was nearly completed. These 
 two fields were my own special work. That for the delegation 
 propaganda had established contacts, and in many cases, I 
 hope, established friendships, which made it easy to return 
 with a request for government documents. In general, 
 promises were usually given with readiness, for the material 
 itself was not available at Paris, — and in most cases, these 
 promises have either been fulfilled, or have been renewed by 
 letter with explanation of causes of delay. In every case the 
 offer was made to buy the materials, if the government did 
 not care to give, but usually officials in Paris were by this 
 time genuinely interested in our collection plans, and glad to 
 help us. And always the name, "Hoover War Collection," 
 opened all doors. In general, then, the lists, which will be 
 
STANFORD UNIVERSITY 35 
 
 subjoined, of countries whose documents we have, represent 
 gifts, save usually transportation charges, and there seems 
 no need to differentiate here gift and purchase materials. In 
 fact, in a few cases, when gifts seemed unlikely, purchases 
 were made, only to have the government concerned insist, later, 
 on making a gift, resulting in some slight duplication for the 
 collection. 
 
 Before listing the countries from which government docu- 
 ment materials have been received, it seems advisable to men- 
 tion a few unusual conditions that arose in connection with 
 this work, in relation to certain States. Indeed, for some of 
 these States an explanation is required that it may be under- 
 stood just what has been secured. 
 
 The French documents include not merely those published 
 by the Central government, but also the annual publications 
 of the Departments of France, such as the Proces-Verbaux 
 des Deliberations du Conseil General, for an examination of 
 these showed many interesting war activities of the people, 
 that do not appear in any other publications. All through the 
 four months spent at Paris, June to October, 1919, I was 
 greatly aided by M. Camille Thurwanger, of the central French 
 propaganda agency, and it was he who first called attention 
 to the value of Departmental documents. 
 
 In July, Mrs. Adams and I were invited by Captain 
 Charles Leach, a former Stanford student and friend, to motor 
 with him from Paris to Brussels, on one of his weekly hos- 
 pital inspection trips. It should here be stated that one prin- 
 ciple, early adopted, of our work, was to make as nearly as 
 possible a complete collection of every type of historical 
 material on the war relating to Belgium. For this country we 
 put no limits, and this because of the special relation of Mr. 
 Hoover to the Belgian people, and because we were to have the 
 complete archives of the Commission for Relief in Belgium. 
 One object of this trip to Brussels was to appoint an agent 
 who would make a collection of all German orders, proclama- 
 tions, and posters in Belgium, but this proved unnecessary 
 
36 THE HCWVEE WAR COLLECTION 
 
 because an enterprising publishing firm of Brussels, that of 
 Van Oest, had already undertaken this work in many volumes, 
 then appearing, and the purchase of this series, much more 
 usable than the posters themselves, was a simple method of 
 carrying out what I had feared would be a difficult under- 
 taking. In Brussels we were at the time, and have been 
 since, greatly aided by the generous efforts of Professor Leon 
 Leclere, Recteur of the Universite libre de Bruxelles. But 
 especially, in the matter of government documents, thanks are 
 due to M. Emile Francqui, mining engineer and a banker of 
 world reputation, who personally requested M. Albert Henry, 
 of the Ministry of Agriculture, to aid us. M. Henry has 
 devoted much time and energy to the work with the result that 
 a truly wonderful collection of Belgian government documents, 
 some twelve hundred items, has been received, covering the 
 period 1910 to 1919, for, as M. Henry truly observed, "it is 
 necessary for Belgium to go back of 1914, if one would under- 
 stand the governmental life of my country before it was 
 throttled by the German invasion." This collection covers 
 not merely Belgium proper, but Belgian Gango as well. 
 
 In Paris, personal contacts were possible with the repre- 
 sentatives of all states except those of the enemy powers. The 
 delegations of these powers were located outside of Paris and 
 no one was permitted to go to them except the regular liaison 
 officer of each of the powers at the Peace Conference table. 
 Through the courtesy of Mr. Henry White, of the American 
 Commission, and of Major Royal Tyler, the liaison officer, 
 correspondence was carried on with the German and Austrian 
 delegations, and certain arrangements made with the Austrian 
 which rendered unnecessary any personal contact. The Bul- 
 garian government was reached in another way to be described 
 later. The Turkish delegation was early sent home by the 
 Peace Conference to await its turn, and it is only now, in 1921, 
 that our collection efforts have been taken up with it by an 
 agent sent to Constantinople. But letters to the German dele- 
 gation got unsatisfactory results, so that early in August I 
 
STANFORD UNIVERSITY 37 
 
 determined to go, if possible, to Berlin. Since peace terms 
 had not as yet been followed by resumption of passport regula- 
 tions, this was somewhat a mission of adventure, easily 
 arranged as far as Cologne, but more problematical as to 
 getting through the British zone of control. Without dilating 
 on the adventures encountered, it is enough to say that Berlin 
 was reached with relative ease, and once there, with personal 
 explanations to Minister Naumann, of the publicity section 
 of the Foreign Office, arrangements were completed for an 
 excellent, though not complete, set of war period German 
 government documents. It was interesting and illuminating to 
 enter, practically unannounced, Bismarck's old official palace, 
 knock on a door to which I was directed by an un-uniformed 
 messenger, and be summoned by a shout from within of 
 "Herein!" While talking with Minister Naumann, another 
 knock came at the door, answered by the same "Herein !" and 
 in walked an American newspaper correspondent, who, with 
 hat on head, cigar in mouth, tilted at an aggressive angle, 
 greeted the Minister with, "Well, Chief, what's the news 
 today ?" Democratic simplicity was at high tide in Berlin. The 
 German government document collection secured as a result 
 of this visit has a special personal interest in that the materials 
 later sent to us were evidently gathered from the files of offi- 
 cials formerly high in the administration of the Empire, and 
 often are marked with their autographs and sometimes with 
 their marginal comments. 
 
 In Berlin, I found attached to General Harries' American 
 Military Mission, which had been there since shortly after 
 the armistice, a former student and friend. Lieutenant Ralph 
 H. Lutz, who, before the war had been Assistant Professor 
 of European history at the University of Washington, Seattle. 
 He was of invaluable assistance in this work for Germany, 
 and as soon as the Military Mission was closed in August, 
 1919, he secured demobilization and started for the Hoover War 
 Collection on a trip through Poland, Czecho-Slovakia, Austria, 
 Hungary, Serbia, Bulgaria, Italy, and Switzerland. In all of 
 
38 THE HOOVER WAR COLLECTION 
 
 these countries he secured, among other matters, promises of 
 government documents, and it was in this way that the enemy 
 power, Bulgaria, was reached. This State has furnished us 
 with a very complete set of its documents. Professor Lutz' 
 other activities will be noted, in part, in another portion of this 
 report. He is now Associate Professor of History at Stanford 
 University, and a director of the Hoover War Collection. 
 
 The collection from Finland deserves special mention. 
 With this country Mr. Hoover had early established food 
 supply relations, thereby relieving a very desperate situation. 
 Also he had been personally instrumental in securing recog- 
 nition for Finland by the Peace Conference, — so interested 
 in fact, that a portion of a certain letter of his to the Peace 
 Conference was ordered cut into the stone wall of its legislative 
 chamber by the Finnish government. In Paris, Professor Y. 
 Him, of the University of Helsingfors, when talking with me 
 about materials to be secured for our collection, requested per- 
 mission to gather and organize Finnish materials for us, and of 
 all kinds. This he has done, sending not merely government 
 documents, but also an excellent selection of general books 
 illustrative of the life and culture of his people. Moreover a 
 specially printed catalogue of this collection, limited to twenty 
 copies, was prepared by him, stating the reasons for the gift. 
 Through our agent, Professor Frank A. Colder, who has since 
 been working in the Baltic countries, arrangements were later 
 made for exchanges of regular publications between Stanford 
 University and the various universities of Finland. 
 
 In October, 1919, our offices were transferred to London, 
 largely with the twofold purpose of making sure of securing 
 British society publications, and of getting everything possible 
 in British government documents. Again I devoted my work 
 to this latter field, though arranging for the selection of a 
 purchasing agent of general books, and for a shipping agency. 
 The question of British government documents had this un- 
 usual feature, that Stanford University had long had a standing 
 order, filled annually, for the regular Sessional Papers to be 
 
STANFORD UNIVERSITY 39 
 
 added to our British set. But of recent years, and especially 
 during the war, the various ministries of Great Britain have 
 been in the habit of issuing documents through the Stationery 
 Office, which are for sale, but which are not included in the 
 regular Sessional Papers. Thus, our purchase set, if we 
 depended on that, would be lacking valuable war materials. 
 Moreover, during the war the various ministries printed (not 
 published) much material intended for confidential circula- 
 tion, which was not listed in the Stationery Office catalogues. 
 For example, the Foreign Office issued a confidential weekly 
 summary of labor and industrial conditions in the enemy 
 countries, and the Ministry of Labour had its own weekly 
 'spy' summary of similar character. 
 
 My first intention was to make a request upon the Foreign 
 Office for a general gift by M ministries of the material which 
 does not find its way into the Sessional Papers, but I was 
 advised that this was a doubtful method, and at best would 
 be a very slow one. In the end, I secured from our Ambassa- 
 dor, Mr. John Davis, who was sincerely and courteously 
 interested in our work, letters of introduction to each of the 
 twenty-six ministries of Great Britain. Contact was thus 
 established, usually with the personal secretary to the min- 
 ister, less frequently with the minister himself, and in every 
 case there was given to our request not merely courteous atten- 
 tion, but an active interest, for everywhere there was quick 
 appreciation of the scope and value of our efforts for a com- 
 prehensive document collection. 
 
 In making inquiries as to war-time activities of the min- 
 istries, it was learned that certain of these activities had been 
 performed largely by the London County Council, — acting 
 virtually as a government in itself in the great city of London. 
 The request was therefore made for all its important war-time 
 publications. This request was granted and a very carefully 
 organized collection was made for us by the clerk of the 
 council. 
 
 In London are established the Agents-General of the larger 
 
40 THE HOOVER WAR COLLECTION 
 
 British Colonies, and of the states of the Empire. There is 
 not only a High Commissioner for the Dominion of Canada, 
 but each province of Canada maintains its Agency-General. 
 This is true also for the Commonwealth of Australia, and 
 there are Agents-General for many of the colonies. 
 
 To all of these a personal visit was paid and a request made 
 for government documents. Great aid in this work was given 
 by Sir Charles Lucas, K. C. B., and by Mr. Evans Lewin, 
 librarian of the Royal Colonial Institute. Mr. Lewin organized 
 the whole plan of work with the British Colonies not repre- 
 sented by Agents-General in London, listing their documentary 
 publications, and even selecting important British chambers 
 of commerce in the colonies, and colonial newspapers, upon 
 which requests for valuable materials might be made. His 
 instructions have been closely followed with most satisfactory 
 results, though colonial newspaper files have not been secured 
 in any large numbers. The chamber of commerce material, 
 consisting of annual reports and other publications, has proved 
 so valuable, however, that it will be listed separately below. 
 In some few cases the contact with chambers of commerce 
 has resulted in the placing in our collection of their selected 
 letter files bearing on the war, and more of this type of ma- 
 terial would be welcomed by us. All this British colonial 
 material has been roughly catalogued and is available for use. 
 
 As an illustration of the kind of material gathered, a list 
 for one year, 1914, is here inserted of that received from the 
 Federated Malay States, through the interest of Sir William 
 I. Taylor, K. C. M. G., and of Mr. Thomas H. Reid. 
 
 List of Reports Received From the Federated Malay 
 States for 1914 
 
 Annual Report (Chief Secretary). Police. 
 
 Perak. Agriculture. 
 
 Selangor. Malay States Volunteer Rifles. 
 
 Negri Sembilan. Malay College, Kuala Kangsar. 
 
 Pahang. Museums. 
 
 Geologist. Malay States Guides. 
 
STANFORD UNIVERSITY 41 
 
 Railways. Trade and Customs. 
 
 Registrar of Companies. Forest. 
 
 Fisheries. Mines. 
 
 Marine. Medical. 
 
 Chinese Aflfairs. Financial. 
 
 Public Officers' Guarantee Fund. Posts and Telegraphs. 
 
 Public Officers' Quinquennial. Survey. 
 
 Printing. Labour. 
 
 Public Works. Kelantan. 
 
 Education. Trengganu. 
 
 Malay Studies. Kedah and Perils. 
 
 Supreme Court. 
 
 In the case of government documents issued between 1914 
 and 1919 by the Dominion of Canada, the same arrangement 
 has been made as for the British documentary material, and 
 for the same reason. Stanford University Library has a com- 
 plete set of Canadian Sessional Papers, and receives regularly 
 the aniaual publications. Hence the arrangement made for 
 the Hoover War Collection is that those Canadian Dominion 
 publications which are not included in the Sessional Papers 
 shall be sent to us. At the time of writing this report, these 
 materials, owing to the mislaying of an initial request list, 
 have not yet been received by us, but are in process of being 
 organized at Ottawa. 
 
 For United States documentary material an arrangement 
 has been made with the Library of Congress for a supply of 
 all documents securable, which are not included in the regular 
 United States document volumes. This is a part of the 
 exchange arrangement with the Library of Congress to be 
 explained in greater detail in another portion of this report. 
 
 The total number of items received in the government docu- 
 ment classification is twenty-seven thousand. These have not 
 been catalogued but have been arranged by countries and ac- 
 cession lists have been made showing the main types of 
 materials. 
 
42 
 
 THE HOOVER WAR COLLECTION 
 
 Countries From Which Government Documents Have 
 Been Received or Promised 
 
 Argentina. 
 
 Australia. 
 
 Belgium. 
 
 Bulgaria. 
 
 Colombia. 
 
 Cuba. 
 
 Denmark. 
 
 England. 
 
 Finland. 
 
 France. 
 
 Germany. 
 
 Guatemala. 
 
 Haiti. 
 
 RECEIVED 
 
 Holland. 
 
 Honduras. 
 
 Hungary. 
 
 Japan. 
 
 Mexico. 
 
 Nicaragua. 
 
 Norway. 
 
 Poland. 
 
 Sweden. 
 
 Switzerland. 
 
 Uruguay. 
 
 Venezuela. 
 
 Austria. 
 
 Canada. 
 
 Esthonia. 
 
 Greece. 
 
 Italy. 
 
 Latvia. 
 
 Lithuania. 
 
 Papal See. 
 
 Peru. 
 
 Roumania. 
 
 Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes. 
 
 Spain. 
 
 Turkey. 
 
 List of British Colonies From Which Government 
 Documents Have Been Received 
 
 Australia, Commonwealth of- 
 
 New South Wales. 
 
 Queensland. 
 
 South Australia. 
 
 Western Australia. 
 Bahamas, The. 
 Barbados Islands. 
 British Guiana. 
 British Honduras. 
 Canada, Dominion of^ 
 
 British Columbia. 
 
 Manitoba. 
 
 New Brunswick. 
 
 Newfoundland. 
 
 Ontario. 
 
 Quebec. 
 Cape of Good Hope. 
 Ceylon. 
 Cyprus. 
 Dominica. 
 
 East Africa Protectorate. 
 Federated Malay States. 
 Fiji. 
 Gibraltar. 
 
STANFORD UNIVERSITY 43 
 
 Gold Coast. Rhodesia. 
 
 Grenada. St. Vincent. 
 
 Hong Kong. Sierra Leone. 
 
 India. Straits Settlements. 
 
 Jamaica. Tasmania. 
 
 Malta. Trinidad and Tobago. 
 
 Mauritius. Turks and Caicos Islands. 
 
 Montserrat. Uganda Protectorate. 
 
 Natal. Union of South Africa. 
 
 New Zealand. West Indian Committee. 
 
 British Chambers of Commerce From Wpiich Materials 
 Have Been Received 
 
 Associated Chambers of Commerce of the Commonwealth of Australia. 
 
 Bombay Chamber of Commerce. 
 
 Brisbane Chamber of Commerce. 
 
 British Chamber of Commerce in Brazil. 
 
 British Chamber of Commerce in Paris. 
 
 Cape Town Chamber of Commerce. 
 
 Ceylon Chamber of Commerce. 
 
 Johannesburg Chamber of Commerce. 
 
 Melbourne Chamber of Agriculture. 
 
 Melbourne Chamber of Commerce. 
 
 Pretoria Chamber of Commerce. 
 
 Punjab Chamber of Commerce. 
 
 Saskatoon Board of Trade. 
 
 Shanghai General Chamber of Commerce. 
 
 Singapore Chamber of Commerce. 
 
 Sydney Chamber of Commerce. 
 
 Tientsin Chamber of Commerce. 
 
 Toronto Board of Trade. 
 
 Tuticorin Chamber of Commerce. 
 
 Vancouver Board of Trade. 
 
IV. LIBRARY OF CONGRESS EXCHANGE 
 AGREEMENT 
 
 In the summer of 1919 Mr. Herbert Putnam was in Europe 
 looking after the work of the Library of Congress in relation 
 to its services for the American forces. He was also arranging 
 certain purchases of war history materials and was much inter- 
 ested in our own work. The result of several conversations 
 was that an agreement was entered into by which it was hoped 
 the Library of Congress and the Hoover War Collection might 
 be serviceable to each other, especially in the way of exchange 
 of duplicate materials. We gathered, for example, wherever 
 possible, duplicate files of society publications, and both in 
 Paris and London transferred these to the shipping agents of 
 the Library of Congress. To some extent also, we gathered 
 duplicate lots of delegation propaganda, though our own work 
 in this field was largely finished when the agreement with Mr. 
 Putnam was entered upon, and he, also, had already secured 
 much Peace Conference propaganda through its collection by 
 Captain Gilchrist. 
 
 A definite agreement, then, has been made with the Library 
 of Congress for exchange of duplicate materials. 
 
 The expectation of both of us in making this arrangement 
 is to establish the two principal American centers for war 
 history materials at the Library of Congress on the Atlantic 
 Coast, and at Stanford University on the Pacific Coast. Vari- 
 ous minor items of value have been received by us from the 
 Library of Congress, but the item of great importance has 
 been a collection of files of newspapers for the period of the 
 war. The lists of these newspapers will be given under the 
 general heading of "Newspapers,'' inclusive also of further 
 files received from other sources, but it may be stated here that 
 this exchange lot provided by the Library of Congress com- 
 prised complete files of eleven American dailies, and incom- 
 plete files (since largely completed from another source) of 
 
STANFORD UNIVERSITY 45 
 
 forty-eight foreign press newspapers, mainly Austrian and 
 German. In mere size this was a carload of "exchanges" 
 (some few other materials than newspapers being included), 
 and totaled 81,535 copies of newspapers. 
 
 Our own exchange offers to the Library of Congress, other 
 than the materials already mentioned as transferred in Paris 
 and London, were delayed by the necessity of caring for 
 materials pouring in upon us, and it was not until January, 
 1921, that it was possible to draw up a first list of duplicates 
 available. This list included items from government docu- 
 ments, delegation propaganda, society publications, and a few 
 miscellaneous items. The list represented roughly the dupli- 
 cates discovered in the organization of about one fifth of our 
 collection. It contained 588 items, mostly of a type which 
 would not ordinarily come in to the Library of Congress, and 
 it was gratifying to learn that of this total the Library of 
 Congress wanted all but twenty-six items. Naturally the 
 Hoover War Collection will be the principal beneficiary, so 
 far as mere bulk of materials is concerned, in the arrange- 
 ment made with Mr. Putnam, but we believe that in the case 
 of materials more difficult to secure, or more rare, the exchange 
 agreement will not prove an unequal one to the Library of 
 Congress. 
 
V. PURCHASE OF ORDINARY BOOK MATERIAL 
 
 The problem of buying war books would have been easy 
 if we were to follow the system of one national government 
 which simply gave to a book dealer, in Berlin, a blanket order, 
 without Umit of expense, for "all German books on the war." 
 But having no national treasury back of us, it was decided to 
 go very slowly in this field, to take advice everywhere, and 
 to purchase at first only such books as had proved of value 
 during the war, and such as were appearing of distinct im- 
 portance since the war. This is still our principle. We are 
 slowly establishing contacts with qualified advisers in various 
 countries, and selecting dependable agents through whom to 
 place orders, — these agents themselves being of such estab- 
 lished reputation in the business of book selling as to make 
 us ready, usually, to follow out their suggestions both as to 
 books and as to collections of special war material. Before 
 undertaking any purchases whatever, a careful study was 
 made of the collection gathered at the Musee de la Guerre in 
 Paris. This remarkable war collection, unquestionably the 
 best in existence in so far as general books and general illustra- 
 tive materials are concerned, is due to the efforts of M. Henri 
 Leblanc, who first undertook it as a private enterprise, but later 
 succeeded in having it taken over by the French government. 
 M. Leblanc and his assistants gave us every facility and much 
 time was spent in the Musee de la Guerre, but without great 
 benefit in determining what was worth our purchase in the 
 book markets, because there was then no analytical catalogue 
 for the Musee de la Guerre, except a very excellent one in 
 manuscript for the German book section. Our first purchase 
 order for French books was, however, worked out by examina- 
 tion of the books themselves as they stood in the Musee de la 
 Guerre. 
 
 But the very examination of this vast number of books in 
 the Musee de la Guerre reenforced the decision to proceed 
 
STANFORD UNIVERSITY 47 
 
 slowly in purchases in the book market. Purchases are being 
 made only after examination of analytical catalogues or lists, 
 or upon dependable advice. Thus our total number of items 
 to date from purchases in the regular book markets is but 
 4450. Two exceptions, however, should be stated to this slow 
 process of purchase. We have 'plunged' with extensive orders 
 for (a) Belgian works about Belgium and the war, (b) works 
 produced in neutral countries on the neutrality of that country. 
 The principal agencies and advisers established in various 
 countries are as follows: 
 
 France. — The book selling firm of Honore Champion, whose 
 present head is M. Edouard Champion, is our purchasing 
 agent, and in some degree our adviser, for, subsequent to the 
 initial order drawn up by me and placed with him for about 
 twelve hundred titles, M. Champion was engaged to submit 
 lists of recommended purchases of French, Swiss, Italian, 
 Spanish, and Portuguese works. This firm binds all works 
 sold to us. 
 
 Belgium. — Here, as already explained, there is no prob- 
 lem of selection, but rather of securing everything; but here, 
 in fact. Professor Leon Leclere, Recteur of the Universite libre 
 de Bruxelles, acts as adviser. 
 
 Germany and Austria. — During the months spent by Lieu- 
 tenant Ralph H. Lutz in Berlin as a member of the American 
 Military Mission, he found time to make a study of German 
 war history publications, and when I made contact with him 
 in August, 1919, he was readily interested in making for us 
 a selected list of worth-while books. His instructions were 
 to buy selected works published in either Germany or Austria 
 during the period of the war, and especially to get together 
 everything of value, except posters, bearing on the Spartacan 
 revolutions. The result is that for Germany and Austria we 
 have a better book and political pamphlet collection at pres- 
 ent than for any other countries. The agency was placed with 
 the firm of Dietrich Reimer, Berlin, and their advice has 
 proved of value. These books are unbound. Mr. Lutz, on 
 
48 THE HOOVER WAR COLLECTION 
 
 his later trip for us through Central and Southeastern Europe, 
 also made small purchases in Warsaw, Zurich, Prague, Vienna, 
 Buda-Pesth, Belgrade, and Sofia, but no permanent agencies 
 have been established in these cities. 
 
 Great Britain and the British Colonies. — London is the 
 central market for the book trade of the whole British Empire. 
 Here then it was necessary to make arrangements that would 
 cover a very wide field of publications, and here it was neces- 
 sary to go with special caution because in the early years of 
 the war the Stanford University Library had purchased ex- 
 tensively English war books. The librarian had drawn up 
 for us a list of such works, amounting to some eight hundred 
 titles, and when examined by the special agent ultimately 
 employed, this list seemed to him to make unnecessary any 
 thorough search for books published between 1914 and 1917. 
 The British field was so large that it was not possible to ask 
 anyone to give his services in the work of selection, so the 
 problem was to find some capable agent who would accept 
 pay. On the advice of Professor A. F. Pollard, of the Uni- 
 versity of London, Mr. Maurice Perlzweig was engaged. He 
 was to place orders for us with the firm of B. F. Stevens & 
 Brown, who were also acting as our shipping agents for gov- 
 ernment documents and society publications secured in London. 
 Mr. Perlzweig was to have the privilege, if he desired to use 
 it, of submitting his lists of proposed purchases to Dr. G. W. 
 (Sir George) Prothero, editor of the. -Quarterly Review, Mr. 
 Hubert Hall, of the Public Record Office, and Mr. Richmond, 
 literary editor of the London Times, all of whom were much 
 interested in our work, and most courteous in offers of assist- 
 ance. This seemed an excellent arrangement for securing 
 well selected books, but it has not worked satisfactorily be- 
 cause of the repeated illnesses of Mr. Perlzweig, with conse- 
 quent delays and confusion. In the final result, we have turned 
 to the sound advice of Mr. Brown of Stevens & Brown, and 
 to our own examination of reviews for the selection of books 
 to be ordered. The result is, that while the University Library 
 
STANFORD UNIVERSITY 49 
 
 has an excellent limited selection of British war books for the 
 years 1914 to 1917, the Hoover War Collection at present has 
 not nearly so large a representation of British books as it has 
 of other countries. 
 
 Holland. — A special purchase of works on Dutch neutrality 
 has been made through the firm of Martinus Nijhoff, The 
 Hague. This firm is also very active in securing and offer- 
 ing for sale general war history materials of all descriptions, 
 and several purchases of other than book materials have been 
 made through it. 
 
 South America. — Professor P. A. Martin, holding the chair 
 of South American history at Stanford University, has made 
 for us a comprehensive list of books on the war published in 
 South America. This list has been placed with Brentano's, 
 New York, with instructions to secure works and bind them 
 for us as rapidly as possible. This arrangement has been in 
 force since March, 1920, and up to date is represented by sixty 
 titles. The total amount of war book publications from South 
 America is not large, and in this field it is our purpose to 
 secure practically everything. 
 
 These book purchases have not all been catalogued, but 
 in all cases exact lists of books purchased have been furnished 
 by the selling agencies, and these lists make the books avail- 
 able for use. 
 
VI. SPECIAL PURCHASES- 
 
 No special efforts have been made to secure private or un- 
 usual collections of war materials, but all those voluntarily 
 offered to us have been examined with care, and where these 
 appeared to fit into our plans and to be reasonable in price a 
 purchase has been made. Up to the present, however, indi- 
 vidual collections, and agencies also, are inclined to put an 
 absurdly high price on their offers. In fact the prices of war 
 collections are still all guess work; they vary, indeed, from 
 week to week. 
 
 In Paris there were many curious offers of newspaper 
 clippings, religiously kept throughout the war by persons who 
 foresaw the possible value of such clippings after the war was 
 over, but in every case those offered to us had been made with- 
 out preserving the name of the paper, and frequently without 
 the dates. It was difficult and disheartening to convince their 
 organizers that such files of clippings had no value. One 
 gentleman, with a packet of twenty-four neatly bound volumes 
 of clippings, started with an offer of the lot for 8,000 francs, 
 and in the end suggested a trade for an American Army "seed 
 car" (a motorcycle with side seat), which he was sure an 
 American could get for nothing in the general scrapping of 
 army material. Another such vendor was the author of a not 
 unknown work of accepted historical value in the early eighties 
 of the last century, yet he had no appreciation of the worth of 
 dates and names in newspaper clippings — indeed, he was most 
 indignant at our refusal to buy. 
 
 Purchases of special collections or special items, then, were 
 not frequent, but some few such purchases have been made, 
 the more important of which are as follows: 
 
 Gazette des Ardennes. — This French language newspaper, 
 edited by three renegade Frenchmen in the region of Northern 
 France occupied by the Germans, and constituting a German 
 official presentation of war news to conquered French subjects. 
 
STANFORD UNIVERSITY 51 
 
 has unusual interest and unique value. Complete files of it 
 are rare, so that when a teacher in a boys' school, in the out- 
 skirts of Paris, appeared, stating that he had such a file buried 
 in a cellar in Northern France, and that he wanted to sell it, 
 he was told to bring it to Paris for examination. The file proved 
 to be complete except for one number, and was purchased. We 
 probably paid too much for it, as the seller seems to have 
 gained the impression that I was a "rich American" and later 
 opened negotiations with me for a marriage arrangement by 
 which he would supply himself and an "ancient chateau," need- 
 ing restoration, in return for an "agreeable and cultured Amer- 
 ican heiress." 
 
 Libre Belgique. — Naturally, being Belgian material, it was 
 necessary to secure this interesting publication, and a file was 
 obtained through Nijhoff, at The Hague, including not only 
 each number but also the various impressions of each number, 
 for not all impressions of a number were always printed in 
 the same shop. 
 
 Documents of the Moment. — Of similar character, but 
 without illustrations, is the very rare "Documents of the 
 Moment" (Z Dokumentow Chewili), issued in pamphlet form 
 in some one hundred numbers in Poland during the period of 
 German occupation. This was not a purchase, however, but 
 was a gift by the Polish government, which has the only other 
 complete file known to exist. 
 
 Belgian Newspapers. — Pursuing the policy of "everything 
 by Belgians on Belgium," a considerable file of Belgian news- 
 papers, published during the war, whether in that country or 
 in Holland, was purchased through Nijhoff. These papers 
 are listed under "VIII. Newspapers," and the files are very 
 nearly complete. 
 
 Smith Collection. — In London, Dr. Prothero called my 
 attention to a collection of German books, pamphlets, posters, 
 and a few newspapers, made by Dr. T. F. A. Smith during the 
 earlier period of the war, 1914-1917, which the owner was 
 now willing to sell. An examination of a catalogue supplied 
 
52 THE HOOVER WAR COLLECTION 
 
 by Dr. Smith showed that while his collection duplicated in 
 some small measure the materials secured for us by Mr. Lutz, 
 there was still considerable valuable material we had not 
 secured, and which was now diffcult to obtain. No catalogue 
 of this material has yet been made, but the eleven hundred 
 items in it are available for use through the sale catalogue 
 furnished us. Some of the special features of this collection are 
 "German War Correspondents' Reports," "German Women 
 and the War," "Social Democrats and the War," "German 
 Universities, Schools, and the War," "War Religion and the 
 Churches," etc., etc. 
 
 "War Book Club" Collection. — This is a collection of 
 printed books, a few files of reviews, and some miscellaneous 
 material, started by Messrs. Lange and Berry in London early 
 in the war, with the ambitious plan of gathering "all books 
 about the war." The originators were forced to suspend their 
 own activities when called to active military service, but 
 friends and agents kept the work alive, though in rather hap- 
 hazard fashion. The accession catalogues (which we have) 
 show gaps of months in acquisitions, and then intensive col- 
 lections for short periods. The entire collection was offered 
 to our London agents, B. F. Stevens & Brown, in November, 
 1920, and they at once sent to us the accession catalogues with 
 the suggestion that we cable authority to purchase. This was 
 done, even though a good half of the collection is duplication 
 of works already secured by us. The non-duplicate portion 
 was worth the price. Also it was early determined not to be 
 over fearful in our collection efforts of the question of dupU- 
 cation. The advice of the Musee de la Guerre is, in fact, to 
 get triple sets of important material, if obtainable, since later 
 these will be of value in exchanges. The "War Book Club" 
 collection contains 1867 items and can be used by means of the 
 original accession catalogues. 
 
 United States National War Labor Board Docket. — ^This 
 consists of eight volumes of decisions of the board and of the 
 minutes of board meetings. The offer to make up this record 
 
STANFORD UNIVERSITY 53 
 
 came through Mr. Hugh S. Hanna, of the Bureau of Applied 
 Economics, Inc., in Washington, D. C, after an inquiry ad- 
 dressed by us to the Department of Labor asking whether such 
 material was in print and obtainable. It was not in print and 
 much of it had to be copied from the one typewritten record 
 in the possession of the Bureau of Applied Economics, Inc. 
 This was very expensive material, but in cases where materials 
 relate to industrial or to food questions during the war, ex- 
 pense is a secondary consideration. 
 
Vll. POSTERS, PROCLAMATIONS AND ORDERS 
 
 In the matter of large posters and proclamations, the 
 decision was reached early not to attempt any comprehensive 
 collection. They constitute, unquestionably, valuable historical 
 material, though the usual display posters, urging war loans, 
 etc. are of less value than official proclamations and orders. 
 In either case it is difficult to preserve posters for use by stu- 
 dents as they quickly fall to pieces on repeated folding and 
 handling, and their size in itself prevents study and analysis 
 by comparison. Picture posters especially we decided to neg- 
 lect, and in the result are satisfied this was wise since in many 
 countries splendid miniature reproductions of national war 
 picture posters are now being issued in' album form, and these 
 albums we are purchasing. For example, the Poster Photo- 
 graph Album, issued by Thomas J. White, Inc., Brooklyn, New 
 York, is a beautiful work in itself and offers to the student of 
 such materials an excellent opportunity to make comparisons 
 of the twenty-five hundred posters reproduced. 
 
 Nevertheless the Hoover War Collection has several thou- 
 sand posters from all the countries at war. These have come 
 in, usually, in gifts of other materials by governments, or as 
 odd bits in some special collection purchase. The only type 
 of picture poster, of which we may be said to have anything 
 like a special collection, is of Bolshevik posters from Hungary 
 and from the Baltic states. But in the case of proclamations 
 and orders, an exception has been made in the purchase from 
 Emil Grimm, in Berlin, of a complete collection of official 
 proclamations and posters placarded in that city from August, 
 1914, to April 30, 1920, over 2,300 pieces in all. The reason 
 for this exception is our effort to obtain in as complete a form 
 as possible all materials bearing on the Spartacan revolutions 
 in Germany, and the special proclamations desired were appar- 
 ently not to be secured except by purchase of the Grimm col- 
 lection. 
 
VIII. NEWSPAPERS AND PERIODICALS 
 
 In the matter of newspaper files for the period of the war 
 our original intention was to secure merely two or three files 
 from each country, selecting these, as nearly as possible, on the 
 basis of obtaining the leading paper supporting the govern- 
 ment, and the leading anti-government paper. This is still our 
 general plan, and still incomplete, for the pressure of other 
 efforts has delayed the securing of newspaper files from 
 several countries. Also the Hoover War Collection will not 
 purchase files of newspapers or periodicals regularly received 
 by the University Library. 
 
 In the meantime, however, special opportunities have oc- 
 casionally arisen to secure some newspaper files, and these 
 have been acquired as the opportunity came. The list given 
 below is organized in groups, as a rough classification of types 
 of material. 
 
 A. Governmental Digests of the Newspaper Press 
 France — 
 
 Bulletin Quotidien de Presse Etrangere SIS numbers 
 
 Bulletin Periodique de la Presse S9S numbers 
 
 Receuil de Documents Etrangers 57 numbers 
 
 Germany — 
 
 Review of the Foreign Press (incomplete) 700 numbers 
 
 Great Britain — 
 
 British Review of the Foreign Press, with various 
 
 supplements (incomplete) 1500 numbers 
 
 Serbia — 
 
 Review of the Enemy Press from the Serbian Press 
 
 Bureau in Geneva (complete file) 1-85 
 
 United States — 
 
 American Expeditionary Forces Press Review 1-473 
 
 Summary of Air Information 1-103 
 
 Summary of Information 1-250 
 
 Summary of Intelligence 1-286 
 
 These governmental digests are invaluable in the study of 
 the war, and we are securing, as fast as possible, missing 
 numbers, especially of the British digest. 
 
56 
 
 THE HOOVER WAR COLLECTION 
 
 B. Foreign Press Files 
 
 This includes a few leading newspapers from the more 
 important countries, and a remarkably complete collection of 
 German and Austrian newspapers for the period of the war, 
 secured partly by the exchange arrangement with the Library 
 of Congress, and partly by purchase. The exchange offer 
 was accepted when it was learned that the incomplete files of 
 duplicates in the Library of Congress could be completed in 
 many cases, by buying from the Carnegie Institution of His- 
 torical Research, at Washington, the files used by that body 
 in furnishing the Department of State with a digest of the 
 German and Austrian press. The list below therefore repre- 
 sents the combination of files from these two sources. Not 
 all files are complete, but most are nearly so, and this ma- 
 terial, when organized for use by students, should prove next 
 in importance to that at the Library of Congress. 
 
 Algemeen handelsblad (Niewe 
 Amsterdamsche Courant), Am- 
 sterdam. 
 
 A. B. C, Madrid. 
 
 Arbeiter Zeitung, Wien. 
 
 Avanti, Milan. 
 
 Berliner Borsenzeitung. 
 
 Berliner Tageblatt. 
 
 Berliner Lokal Anzeiger. 
 
 Corriere della sera, Rome. 
 
 Daily Chronicle, London. 
 
 Daily Herald, London. 
 
 Deutsche Allgemeines Zeitung, 
 Berlin. 
 
 Deutsche Reichsanzeiger, Berlin. 
 
 Deutsche Tageszeitung, Berlin. 
 
 Frankfurter Zeitung. 
 
 Germania, Berlin. 
 
 Giornale d'ltalia, Rome. 
 
 Hamburger Fremdenblatt. 
 
 Hamburger Nachrichten. 
 
 Idea Nazionale, Rome 
 
 Imparcial (El), Rome. 
 
 Journal de Geneve, Geneva. 
 
 Kolnische Volkszeitung. 
 
 Kdlnische Zeitung. 
 
 Leipziger Neueste Nachrichten. 
 
 Leipziger Volkszeitung. 
 
 Muenchener Neuste Nachrichten. 
 
 Muenchener Post. 
 
 Neue Freie Presse, Wien. 
 
 Neue Preussische Zeitung, Berlin. 
 
 Neues Wiener Journal. 
 
 Neues Wiener Tageblatt. 
 
 Nieuwe Rotterdamsche Courant. 
 
 Osservatore Romanao, Rome. 
 
 Politiken, Copenhaven. 
 
 Pester Lloyd, Budapest. 
 
 Post (Die), Berlin. 
 
 Reichspost, Wien. 
 
 Rheinische Westfalische Zeitung, 
 
 Essen. 
 Schwabischer Merkur, Stuttgart. 
 Sol (El), Madrid. 
 Tag (Der), Berlin. 
 Tagliche Rundschau, Berlin. 
 
STANFORD UNIVERSITY 57 
 
 Telegraaf, Amsterdam. Vorwarts, Berlin. 
 
 Tribuna (La), Madrid. Vossische Zeitung, Berlin. 
 
 Le XX" Siecle, Brussels. Westminster Gazette. 
 
 Unita (L'), Rome. Zeit (Die), Wien. 
 
 C. Belgian Papers 
 
 (Published in Belgium and Holland.) 
 
 [As already noted, this was a special purchase of 
 files from the Arm of Martlnus Nljhoff, The Hague] 
 
 Antwerpsche Tijdingen, Antwerp. L'Echo de Bruxelles. 
 
 Le Beige. L'Exil, Valkenburg. 
 
 La Belgique. (Organe quotidien Gazet van Belgie. (La Belgique.) 
 
 des refugies beiges en Hollande 't Getrouwe Maldeghem. 
 
 Bergen op Zoom.) L'Information. "Belgische Sonn-u, 
 Belgisch Dagblad. Montagszeitung." 
 
 Bulletin des comites et des oeuvres La Libre Belgique. 
 
 beiges aux Pays-Bas, The Liste des Beiges internes dans les 
 
 Hague. Pays-Bas. 
 
 Le Compatriote. (Journal quoti- Le Socialiste Beige, Rotterdam. 
 
 dien destine aux refugies bel- Het Vlaamsche Land, Rotterdam. 
 
 ges.) Vlaamsch Leven, Brussels. 
 
 L'Echo Beige, Amsterdam. De Vlaamsche Stem, Amsterdam. 
 
 L'Echo de Belgique, London. Vrij Belgie. 
 
 D. Trench Papers 
 
 Several special collections of.such papers have been offered 
 to us for purchase but they have been declined for two reasons : 
 first, absurdly extravagant prices asked; second, the question- 
 able historical value of the papers themselves. Yet, there is 
 one type of trench paper, principally used by the Gemans, that 
 has real value. This is the government issued trench paper, in 
 which, for a regiment, or some special unit, home news and 
 the news of the war were offered to the soldiers. These papers 
 are worth study as showing what the government was willing 
 its soldiers should know. The ordinary type of trench paper 
 is the product of some small military unit, usually a regiment, 
 or at times a company, and has little general war history value, 
 though often extremely interesting in itself. Merely that we 
 might have an example of what trench papers were, one col- 
 lection of samples was purchased, and as it was secured from 
 
58 
 
 THE HOOVER WAR COLLECTION 
 
 Nijhoff, at The Hague, it consists mainly of German trench 
 papers. 
 
 Armee-Zeitung. 
 
 Ausernsten Tagen, Bern. 
 
 Canard du Boyau. 
 
 Champagne-Kamerad. 
 
 Courrier de I'Armee. 
 
 Belgrader Nachrichten, Belgrade. 
 
 Der Beobdachter. 
 
 Bilderbogen zur Zeitung der 10. 
 Armee. 
 
 Bilderschau der Wilnaer Zeitung. 
 
 Boot's Comrades in Khaki. 
 
 Am Bosporus, Deutsche Soldaten- 
 zeutung, Konstantinople. 
 
 La Buffa. 
 
 Deutsche Kriegswochenschau. 
 
 Deutsche Lodzer Zeitung. 
 
 Deutsche Soldatenpost. 
 
 Deutsche Warschauer Zeitung. 
 
 Deutsches Offizierblatt. 
 
 Drahtverhau, Der. 
 
 Diina-Zeitung. 
 
 Echo de Bulgarie, Sofia. 
 
 Echo de Trancheesville. 
 
 L'Echo de Varsovie, Geneva. 
 
 Echo des Marmites. 
 
 Eigenbrodler, Der. 
 
 Fall In! The Duke of Cam- 
 bridge's Own. 
 
 Feldgrave. 
 
 Feldpost, Deutsch Osterreichische. 
 
 Feldzeitung der Armee. Abteilung 
 Gronau. 
 
 Feldzeitung der Bug Armee. 
 
 Feldzeitung der 5 Armee. 
 
 Feldzeitung der 4 Armee. 
 
 Front Feldwochenschrift. 
 
 Front, Le. 
 
 Garde Feld Post, Berlin. 
 
 Gubener Kriegszeitung. 
 
 Horchposten, Der. 
 
 Illustrierte Kriegszeitung. 
 
 Journal du Soldat, Le, Paris. 
 
 Kent Fencible, The. 
 
 Khaki. 
 
 Kownoer Zeitung. 
 
 Kriegs-Zeitung der 7 Armee. 
 
 Kriegs Zeitung der Festung Bor- 
 
 kum, Borkum. 
 Kriegs-Zeitung fiir das XV Armee 
 
 Korps. 
 Landbouwer, De, Brussels. 
 Lampione, II. 
 Leuchtkugel. 
 Liebesgabe zur Armee Zeitung, 
 
 Wilna. 
 Liller Kriegszeitung. 
 Mauer, Die. 
 
 Meldreiter im Sundgau. 
 Mitausche Zeitung. 
 National Volunteer, The. 
 Nil, Le, Lausanne. 
 Onze Temschenaars. 
 Ostgalizische Feldzeitung, Lem- 
 
 berg. 
 Parole, Deutsche Krieger Zeitung, 
 
 Berlin. 
 Periscope, Le. 
 
 Petit Echo du IS^ Territorial, Le. 
 Poilu, Le, 
 
 Poilu sans Poil, Le. 
 Propeller, Zurich. 
 Putna Zeitung, Focsani. 
 Rire aux Eclats, Le. 
 Sachsen im Feld und in der Hei- 
 
 mat, 
 Sappe, Die. 
 Schein Werfer. Bildheilage zur 
 
 Zeitung der 10. Armee, Wilna. 
 Scheuner Kriegszeitung. Hanno- 
 
 versche Landsturmzeitung. 
 Schweizer Schutzengraber. 
 Seelenachse. 
 
STANFORD UNIVERSITY 59 
 
 Somme-Wacht. Kriegszeitung der Unser Landstrum in Hennegau. 
 
 1 Armee. Vogesen Wacht. 
 
 Sozialdemokratische Feldpost. Wacht im Osten. 
 
 Stosstrupp, Der. Wilnaer Zeitung. 
 
 Streffleur's Militarblatt. Zeebriigger Tageblatt, Zeebriigge. 
 
 Tiroler Soldatenzeitung. Zeitung der 10 Armee, Wilna. 
 
 Toorts, De. Zwischen Maas und Mosel. 
 Turkische Humoristisch Satirische 
 
 Wochenschrift, Stambul. 
 
 E. Miscellaneous Newspapers and Serials Secured by 
 Purchases, Gift or by Exchange 
 
 (The files here listed are not in all cases complete for the war period. 
 If anyone desires to knpw just what numbers we have of a certain file, 
 or files, we shall be glad to furnish this information. It will be noted that 
 in many cases the serials are the organs of societies previously listed, 
 but as these serials are regular news publications, they are here enumer- 
 ated.) 
 
 1. Newspaper Serials Published in the British Empire. 
 Allotments and Gardens. (London.) 
 Anglo-Italian Review, The. (London.) 
 Balkan Review, The. (London.) 
 Better Business. (Winnipeg.) 
 Boiokseller, The. (London.) 
 
 British and Latin American Trade Gazette. (London.) 
 British Citizen and Empire Worker, The. (London.) 
 British Temperance Advocate. (Shefiield.) 
 Bulletin Mensuel de la Chambre de Commerce Frangaise de Londres. 
 
 (London.) 
 Bulletin of the Alliance Frangaise. 
 
 Bulletin of the British Chamber of Commerce in Paris. (Paris.) 
 Bulletin of the Federation of British Industries. (London.) 
 Bulletin of the Imperial Institute. (London.) 
 Bulletin of the Russian Liberation Committee. (London.) 
 Catholic Monthly Letters. 
 Central Africa. (London.) 
 Charity Organization Review. (London.) 
 Church Army Review. (London.) 
 Clerk, The. (London.) 
 Common Sense. (London.) 
 Commonweal, The. (London.) 
 Comrades Journal. (London.) 
 Conservative Clubs Gazette. (London.) 
 
60 THE HOOVER WAR COLLECTION 
 
 Co-Partnership. (London.) 
 
 Covenant, The. (London.) 
 
 Democrat, The. (London and Birmingham.) 
 
 Dockers' Record, The. (London.) 
 
 Empire Review. (London.) 
 
 English Race. 
 
 English Review. 
 
 Esthonian Review. (London.) 
 
 Federationist, The. (London and Birmingham.) 
 
 Forward. (Glasgow.) 
 
 Friend, The. (London.) 
 
 Friend of Armenia. (London.) 
 
 Future, The. (London.) 
 
 Goodwill. (London.) 
 
 Guerra, La (in Italian). (London.) 
 
 Guerre, La. (London.) 
 
 Headquarters Gazette (Boy Scouts Association). (London.) 
 
 Headway. (London.) 
 
 Highway, The. (London.) 
 
 Imperial Colonist. (London.) 
 
 Imperial Commerce. (London.) 
 
 Imperial Patriots. (London.) 
 
 Indian Magazine. (London.) 
 
 Individualist, The. (London.) 
 
 Industrial League Journal. (London.) 
 
 International, The. (Johannesburg, South Africa.) 
 
 John Bull. (London.) 
 
 Journal of the African Society. (London.) 
 
 Journal of the Amalgamated Union of Corporated Employees. (Man- 
 chester.) 
 
 Journal pi the Canadian Bankers' Association. (Toronto.) 
 
 Journal of the Central and Associated Chambers of Agriculture. 
 (London.) 
 
 Journal of the East India Association. (London.) 
 
 Journal of the Farmers Club. (London.) 
 
 Journal of the Institute of Bankers. (Londpn.; 
 
 Journal of the London Society. (London.) 
 
 Journal of the Royal United Service Institution. (London.) 
 
 Land and Liberty. (London.) 
 
 Land Nationalizer. (Londpn.) 
 
 Land Union Journal. (London.) 
 
 League, The. (London.) 
 
 League of Nations Journal. (London.) 
 
STANFORD UNIVERSITY 61 
 
 Liberal Magazine. (London.) 
 
 Library Association Record. (London.) 
 
 London Daily Times. 
 
 Malthusian, The. (London.) 
 
 Modern Review. (Calcutta.) 
 
 Monthly Bulletin of the Imperial Commercial Association. (London.) 
 
 Monthly Circular of the Association of Municipal Corporations. 
 
 (London.) 
 Monthly Leaflet of the Women's Farm and Garden Union. (London.) 
 Monthly News Sheet (Women's International League.) (London.) 
 Monthly Proceedings of the Association of Chambers of Commerce of 
 
 the United Kingdom. (London.) 
 Monthly Report of the Admiralty and Outposts Clerical Federation 
 (succeeded by "The Scribe"). (London.) 
 
 Monthly Review of Business and Trade Conditions in South America. 
 (London.) 
 
 National Church. (London.) 
 
 National Review. (London.) 
 
 Nautical Magazine. (Glassgow.) 
 
 Navy, The. (London.) 
 
 New East, The. 
 
 New Europe. (London.) 
 
 New Poland. (London.) 
 
 New Witness, The. (London.) 
 
 News and Notes (Agricultural Organization Society.) (London.) 
 
 News Sheet of the Bribery and Secret Commissions Prevention League. 
 (London.) 
 
 Notes from Ireland. (Dublin.) 
 
 Official Gazette of the County Councils Association. (London.) 
 
 Overseas. (London.) 
 
 Palestine. (Manchester.) 
 
 Polish Review, The. (London.) 
 
 Political Bulletin. (London.) 
 
 Post, The. (London.) 
 
 Primrose League Gazette. (London.) 
 
 Production. (London.) 
 
 Protestant Alliance Magazine. (London.) 
 
 Quarterly Review. (London.) 
 
 Railway Review. (London.) 
 
 Reality. (London.) 
 
 Red Crpss, The. (London.) 
 
 Red Triangle Magazine. (London.) 
 
 Review of Reviews. (London.) 
 
62 THE HOOVER WAR COLLECTION 
 
 Round Table, The. (London.) 
 
 Russian Commonwealth. (London.) 
 
 Scribe, The. (London.) 
 
 Seaman, The. London.) 
 
 Shield, The. (London.) 
 
 Socialist Review. (London.) 
 
 Soldiers Gazette. (Montreal.) 
 
 Tariii Reformer. (London.) 
 
 Today and Tomorrow. (London.) 
 
 United Empire. (London.) 
 
 Unity. (London.) 
 
 Vaccination Inquirer. (London.) 
 
 Victorian Producer. (Melbourne.) 
 
 War, The. (London.) 
 
 War Magazine. (London.) 
 
 White Ribbon, The. (London.) 
 
 Woman Worker, The. (London.) 
 
 Women's Trade Union Review. (London.) 
 
 World, The. (London.) 
 
 World's Labor Laws. (London.) 
 
 2. Serials Published in Paeis, France 
 Action Frangaise. 
 Action Sociale de la Femme. 
 Afrique Frangaise. 
 Asie Frangaise. 
 Avenir Syndical. 
 Bulletin de 1' Alliance Frangaise. 
 Bulletin de 1' Association Centrale pour la Reprise de I'Activite Indus- 
 
 trielle. 
 Bulletin de I'Association Italo-Frangaise d'Expansion Economique. 
 Bulletin de I'Esthonie. 
 
 Bulletin de la Ligue Nationale Anti-Austro-Allemande. 
 Bulletin de Propagande Frangaise. 
 Bulletin des Refugies du Pas-de-Calais. 
 Bulletin d'Information Bureau Ukrainien de Presse. 
 Bulletin du Comite Franco-Brittanique. 
 Bulletin du Parti Republicain Radical et Radical-Socialiste. 
 Bulletin Mensuel de 1' Alliance Universitaire. 
 Bulletin Mensuel du Syndicat des Mecaniciens, etc. 
 BuUetm Officiel de la Ligue des Droits de I'Homme. 
 Bulletin Trimestriel de 1' Alliance Nationale pour I'Accroissement de la 
 
 Population Frangaise. 
 
STANFORD UNIVERSITY 63 
 
 Bulletin Yougoslave. 
 
 Coree Libre. 
 
 Droit des Femmes. 
 
 Employe. 
 
 Expansion Economique. 
 
 Femme et I'Enfant. 
 
 France- Amerique. 
 
 France-Italie. 
 
 Jewish Tribune. 
 
 Journal des Debats. 
 
 L'Excelsior. 
 
 Le Figaro. 
 
 L'Homme Enchain. 
 
 L'Homme Libre. 
 
 LTntransigeant. 
 
 Le Matin. 
 
 Lettre du Soldat. (No indication where published.) 
 
 Ligue Maritime. 
 
 Monde Industriel et Commercial. 
 
 Nation Tcheque. 
 
 Nouvelles Religieuses. 
 
 Oceanic Frangaise. 
 
 Paix par le Droit. 
 
 Plus Grande Famille. 
 
 Progres Civique. 
 
 Revue Baltique. 
 
 Revue Hebedomadaire. 
 
 Toute la France Debout pour la Victoire. 
 
 Tribune Juive. 
 
 Voix de I'Armenie. 
 
 3. Serials Published in the United States 
 (o) Daily Newspapers 
 
 Complete files of daily newspapers (for the period of the war, 1914- 
 1919, inclusive) were received through the exchange agreement with 
 the Library of Congress. 
 
 Boston Globe. New York Evening Post. 
 
 Boston Post. New York Evening Sun. 
 
 Brooklyn Eagle. New York Herald. 
 
 Chicago Herald and Examiner. New York Morning Sun. 
 
 Chicago Tribune. New York Tribune. 
 
 New York American. New York World. 
 
 New York Evening Journal. 
 
64 THE HOOVER WAR COLLECTION 
 
 (6) General Serials 
 Adriatic Review. (Boston.) 
 Advocate of Peace. (Washington.) 
 American Federationist. 
 
 American Labor Legislation Review. (New York.) 
 Americas, The. (New York.) 
 Apszrieta (in Lithuanian). (Plymouth, Pa.) 
 Avanti. (Chicago.) 
 
 Bricklayer, Mason and Plasterer. (Indianapolis.) 
 Bulletin of the League of Free Nations Association. (New York.) 
 Bulletin of the National Catholic War Council. (Washington.) 
 Bulletin of the Russian Information Bureau. (New York.) 
 Canado-Americain (officiel journal de I'Association Canado-Americain). 
 
 (Manchester, N. H.) 
 Chase, The. (New York.) 
 Commerce Monthly. (New York.) 
 Detroiter, The. (Detroit.) 
 Fatherland, The. (New York.) 
 Free Poland. (Washington.) 
 Friend, The. (Philadelphia.) 
 Guaranty News. (New York.) 
 How To Live. (New York.) 
 Indian's Friend. (New York.) 
 Intelligencer, The. (New York.) 
 Intercollegiate Socialist. (New York.) 
 Intercollegiate Statesman. (Chicago.) 
 Jewish Immigration. (New York.) 
 Journal of American History. (Albany, N. Y.) 
 Journal of the National Institute of Social Sciences. (New York.) 
 Law and Labor. (New York.) 
 Modern Business Supplement. 
 
 Monthly Circular of the National City Bank of New York. 
 Monthly Illustrated National Herald (in Greek). (New York.) 
 National Economic League Quarterly. (Boston.) 
 National Marine. (Cooperstown, N. Y.) 
 National Municipal Review. (Concord, N. H.) 
 Navy, The. (Washington.) 
 
 News Letter of the Irish National Bureau. (Washington.) 
 New York Times Current History of the World War. 
 Organized Labor. (San Francisco.) 
 Pacific Cooperator. (San Francisco.) 
 Proportional Representation Review. 
 Reconstruction. (Published for the Relief Missions of the Society of 
 
 Friends.) 
 
STANFORD UNIVERSITY 65 
 
 Reforma Social. (New York.) 
 Royal Neighbor. (Rock Island, 111.) 
 Royal Service. (Baltimore, Md.) 
 Security News. (Topeka, Kans.) 
 Serbia. (New York.) 
 Silver Cross. (Cooperstown, N. Y.) 
 Socialist World. (Chicago.) 
 South American, The. (New York.) 
 Soviet Russia. (New York.) 
 Stars and Stripes (Photographic Reproduction). 
 Struggling Russia. (New York.) 
 Suffragist, The. (Washington.) 
 Sunshine Bulletin. (New York.) 
 
 Transactions of the Commonwealth Club of California. (San Fran- 
 cisco.) 
 Under Two Flags. (New York.) 
 War Work Bulletin. (Y. W. C. A.) (New York.) 
 Weekly People. (New York.) 
 Young Democracy. (New York.) 
 
 4. List of United Netherlands Publications 
 Bewegining. (Amsterdam.) 
 Dietsche Stemmen. (Utrecht.) 
 Gids, De. (Amsterdam.) 
 
 Herald of Peace and International Arbitration. 
 Het Leven. (Amsterdam.) 
 Katholicke Maandbrieren. (Freiburg.) 
 Maandelijksche Katholicke Brieven. (London.) 
 Nieuwe Gids, De. 
 Nieuwe Rotterdamsche Courant. 
 Nouvelles de HoUande. (Hague.) 
 Oorlogskronick. 
 Toekomst, De. (Amsterdam.) 
 Toekmostige Vrede, De. (Hague.) 
 Van Onzen Tijd. (Amsterdam.) 
 Vrede Door Recht. (Gravenhage.) 
 
 5. German Publications Not Included in Library of Congress 
 Exchange List 
 Amtliche Nachrichten. (Vienna.) 
 Deutsche Kriegszeitung. (Berlin.) 
 Frankische Kurier. (Frankfort-am-Main.) 
 Grosere Deutschland. (Dresden.) 
 Krieg, Der. 
 
66 THE HOOVER WAR COLLECTION 
 
 Mittel-Europa. (Berlin.) 
 Preussische Jahrbucher. (Berlin.) 
 Rote Fahne, Die. (Riga.) 
 Siiddeutsche Monatshefte. (Munich.) 
 Velhagen und Klasing's Monatshefte. (Berlin.) 
 War Chronicle. (Berlin.) 
 
 6. Russian Newspapers, Bolshevik 
 Pravda. (Daily, Sept., 1919-June, 1920). (Petrograd.) 
 Derevenskia Communa (Rural Commune). (Petrograd.) 
 Bednota (Poverty). (Moscow.) 
 Volia Truda (Will of Labor). (Moscow, 1918.) 
 Communar. (Moscow, 1918.) 
 
 Severnia Communa (Northern Commune). (Petrograd, 1919.) 
 Znamia Trudovoi Commune (The Flag of the Labor Commune). (Pet- 
 
 rograd(?), 1918.) 
 Bulletin Prodovolstvennaho Otdela (Bulletin of Food Department). 
 
 (Moscow, 1918.) 
 Izvestia. 
 
 7. Serials Not Classified by Countries 
 Bulletin de Latvia. (Published by the Ministere des Affaires Etran- 
 
 geres.) (Riga.) 
 Bulletin Yougoslave. (Geneva.) 
 
 Economic and Financial Conditions in Brazil. (Rio de Janeiro.) 
 Estonian Review. (Reval.) 
 Gazette de Prague. (Prague.) 
 Latvian Economist. (Riga.) 
 National Economy. (Moscow.) 
 
 Near East Relief (formerly called "The Acorne"). (Constantinople). 
 Neue Europa. (Zurich.) 
 Orient, The. (Constantinople.) 
 Reconstruction. (Vienna.) 
 Red Cross Bulletin. (Riga.) 
 River Plate American. (Buenos Aires.) 
 Second People's War (in Russian). (Petrograd.) 
 Waldibas Wehstnesis (in Latvian). (Riga.) 
 War Chronicle (in Russian). (Petrograd.) 
 8. Illustrated Serials Published in Oriental Languages as British 
 
 Propaganda During the War 
 Jangi Aldibar (in Hindi language). 39 numbers. 
 Satya-Vani (in Tamil language). 57 numbers. 
 Chinese language, 60 numbers. 
 Japanese language, 58 numbers. 
 Urdu language, 70 numbers. 
 
IX. WAR PROPAGANDA 
 
 Differentiated from "Delegation Propaganda," which con- 
 sists primarily of materials issued to influence the decisions 
 of the Peace Conference, is what may be called "War Propa- 
 ganda." This was issued by all the states during the war to 
 bolster up national fighting zeal, to encourage allies, to influence 
 neutrals, and generally to set forth the just cause and purpose 
 of the belligerent. Each nation usually had an official com- 
 mittee in charge of such propaganda. The printed materials 
 issued were of all sorts — books, pamphlets, posters, post cards, 
 newspapers, etc., — bearing evidence that they were the direct 
 product of a government-authorized press. But in addition 
 each state used many subordinate non-official agencies, some- 
 times individual authors, sometimes societies. There is much, 
 for example, in the society publications of France and of Great 
 Britain which is really governmental war propaganda. Much 
 of this type of publication seems now of minor historical value, 
 yet during the war was of great significance, and it should be 
 found in any comprehensive war history collection. We are 
 therefore gathering war propaganda wherever available, and 
 have representative lots from all the greater powers, with a 
 very complete collection from Great Britain. 
 
 United States. — Beginning with America's entrance into 
 the war, both the History Department and the Library of Stan- 
 ford University began collections of American war propaganda, 
 and these are fairly complete for anything directly issued under 
 government authority. 
 
 Germany. — In Berlin, in August, 1919, a request was made 
 for a selection of war propaganda and this was later sent to 
 us in Paris, but was not at all a comprehensive lot of such 
 materials, being rather those publications which, in 1919, the 
 German Foreign Office was issuing as new material, or was 
 reissuing as still applicable in setting forth Germany's position. 
 We have, however, through the materials received in the Smith 
 
68 THE HOOVER WAR COLLECTION 
 
 purchase, and through that found in the British Ministry of 
 Information Library (noted below), a good collection of 
 German war propaganda. 
 
 France. — A collection of this type of material was made 
 for us by the official French propaganda bureau, but as in 
 sending it to us it was not differentiated from French "Delega- 
 tion Propaganda," it still stands in bur collection under the 
 latter classification. Ultimately, it must be segregated accord- 
 ing to our own judgment as to where it belongs. 
 
 Other Belligerents Except Great Britain. — No special col- 
 lections of war propaganda have been secured from the other 
 belligerent nations, but all are well represented in the materials 
 of the British Ministry of War Information Library. 
 
 Great Britain. — War propaganda was very highly organized 
 in Great Britain, and, it may be added, more intelligently 
 organized for effect in each locality where it was to be dis- 
 tributed, than by any other nation. Early in the war a part of 
 the Foreign Office staff was commissioned to supervise propa- 
 ganda, and they, with their associates, became known as 
 "Wellington House," by which were issued vast quantities of 
 material. Wellington House put out its own materials, the 
 materials of approved works, authorized and acknowledged 
 works published by private individuals, and distributed pri- 
 vately published works which it did not acknowledge. It kept 
 a confidential catalogue of all this material and in London I 
 was permitted, through the courtesy of Mr. Headlam Morley 
 of the Foreign Office to examine this catalogue, and to check 
 up on it all works not already in our possession. These were 
 then gathered by the librarian, Mr. Alec W. G. Randall, and 
 given to the Hoover War Collection. Thus we have a very 
 complete collection of British governmental war propaganda. 
 Much to our regret it was not thought possible to give us a 
 copy of the confidential catalogue itself. 
 
 This Wellington House collection contains all sorts of 
 material — government documents distributed as propaganda, 
 books, pamphlets, magazines, and newspapers. Among the 
 
STANFORD UNIVERSITY 69 
 
 last named are files of very interesting pictorial propaganda 
 newspapers in Oriental languages, which were circulated in 
 Asia Minor. The collection contains also publications not 
 necessarily produced either under or by direction of govern- 
 ment, but the distribution of which government thought de- 
 sirable, and of which it acquired stocks. 
 
 ■Ministry of Information Library. — In organizing the 
 British propaganda to be issued by Wellington House, a special 
 effort was made by the Foreign Office to gather enemy propa- 
 ganda, that this might be studied and met in the British pub- 
 lications. There came into existence at the Foreign Office, 
 therefore, a unique library of enemy propaganda, and into 
 it was gathered also every kind of publication from all the 
 nations at war, and even from neutrals, that might by study 
 reveal governmental and popular attitude toward the war. The 
 materials in this collection were rubber stamped "Ministry of 
 Information," but officials speaking of it usually called it the 
 "War Information Library." For all this somewhat chaotic 
 material, a special study was made by experts and condensed 
 into a printed confidential analysis of enemy propaganda for 
 each nation of the world, showing authors, title of work, char- 
 acter, and suggestion as to how British propaganda should 
 meet it. A copy of this confidential analysis we have, and it is 
 one of the most interesting documents in the Hoover War 
 Collection. Also, we have a large portion of the Ministry of 
 Information Library itself. 
 
 This came into our possession in the following way. 
 Talking one day with Mr. A. Forbes Sieveking, F. S. A., 
 librarian of the Imperial War Museum, he made mention of 
 the collection at the Foreign Office, stating that I ought to 
 examine it, and suggesting that portions of it might be given 
 to us, since the collection was even then being picked over 
 by various interested persons. Mr. Sieveking gave me a letter 
 of introduction to the official immediately in charge of the 
 library, who in turn promptly took me to the top floor of the 
 Foreign Office, where, on rows of dusty attic shelves, the col- 
 
70 THE HOOVER WAR COLLECTION 
 
 lection had been dumped and I was informed that within the 
 week it was planned to permit some interested collectors to 
 pick over the shelves and then to box or destroy the remainder, 
 as no longer of any use or interest. Briefly, here was a bulky 
 "remainder" of the workshop materials of British war propa- 
 ganda, which was; occupying much space and which the 
 custodian wished to get rid of. A hasty examination of some 
 few shelves showed that we had already secured some of this 
 material, but that there was much of value for our collection, 
 and an offer was at once made to solve the custodian's prob- 
 lem by taking the whole lot. This offer was accepted on con- 
 dition that it be removed within a week. Mr. Binkley was sent 
 the next morning armed with rolls of packing paper and twine 
 to tie up in small bundles everything on the assigned shelves, 
 and at the end of the week, having hired a fleet of taxis, we 
 were the center of some interest in Downing Street, as we 
 carried out and conveyed to Stevens and Brown, in Trafalgar 
 Square, the War Information Library. The packages, properly 
 boxed, were shipped five days later to Stanford University. 
 
 This "library," as we are bit by bit getting it into shape, 
 has proved one of the most interesting collections so 
 far secured. Undoubtedly, Mr. Sieveking, and others, had 
 already selected from it what they desired, and what we have 
 is therefore a "remainder," but even so it numbers some four 
 thousand items, and contains representative propaganda 
 material of every conceivable type and from every nation in 
 the world. Books, pamphlets, reviews, newspapers, drawings, 
 cartoons, illustrative material, manuscripts — all are there, as 
 also bits of written memoranda and personal letters by the ex- 
 perts set to digest and answer enemy, or neutral, propaganda. 
 As a collection in itself, the War Information Library has 
 great historical interest, both because it reveals and repre- 
 sents the mechanism of a distinct British war effort, and also 
 for the marginal notations by the experts, some of whom were 
 distinguished lights of English letters. It is not uninteresting 
 that within the week after this collection was on the high seas 
 
STANFORD UNIVERSITY 71 
 
 enroute to America, I chanced to meet at an afternoon tea the 
 gentleman who had been most largely responsible during the 
 war for the gathering of this library, and learned from him 
 many details of its collection. He stated that he had just written 
 the Foreign Office, suggesting the preservation of the library 
 intact as unique in itself and as evidence of a unique under- 
 taking. 
 
 The total number of items that may be classified as "war 
 propaganda" is approximately nine thousand. Very little of 
 this material has been catalogued but it has been segregated by 
 sources of origin and of acquisition, and by countries, and is 
 thus available for use by research students. 
 
X. BALTIC STATES, RUSSIA AND SOUTHEASTERN 
 
 EUROPE 
 
 In the work of collection up to midsummer of 1920, little 
 had been attempted or accomplished in Russia, or in the states 
 newly created out of the former Russian Empire. At Paris, 
 delegation propaganda had been secured from these states, 
 and from Finland a special collection, as already noted, of 
 government documents and general works. Otherwise this 
 section of Europe was an unworked field. In the summer 
 quarter of Stanford University, 1920, Professor F. A. Colder, 
 of the Washington State College, at Pullman, carried regular 
 instruction in the Department of History. He was greatly 
 interested in our collection efforts and his familiarity with 
 Russia led to his appointment as an agent of the Hoover War 
 Collection with a general roving commission, but with the 
 primary purpose of securing Baltic and Russian materials. 
 He had been at St. Petersburg when the war broke out in 1914, 
 and later had served with the Stevens Railway Commission in 
 Russia. Still later he had been the "expert" for Ukraine 
 and Lithuania for the Colonel House Commission of historians 
 preparing American studies to be used at the Peace Conference. 
 It was hoped that conditions might permit his getting into 
 Soviet Russia, but this has not proved feasible, hence his work 
 has largely been done on the fringes of that country. 
 
 Mr. Colder started for Europe in September, 1920, to be 
 gone a year in collection work. It is not yet possible to give 
 anything like a complete analysis of his results, for the bulk 
 of the materials secured, though shipped, has not yet been 
 received. Also certain arrangements made with local agents 
 and officials are in process of completion, and will not be con- 
 cluded until Mr. Golder's return to the Baltic countries in the 
 summer of 1921. A brief summary of parts visited and col- 
 lections made, or initiated, will, however, indicate the general 
 results to date of his trip. 
 
STANFORD UNIVERSITY 73 
 
 Proceeding first to London and then to Paris, in both of 
 which places contacts were established with Russians able to 
 secure for us valuable materials on the earlier period of the 
 war and even of the first revolutionary movement, Mr. Colder 
 next stopped at Coblentz. Here, through the interest and 
 courtesy of General Henry T. Allen, and of others in the Amer- 
 ican Army of Occupation, efforts were begun for gathering data 
 showing the work of that army and its relations with the 
 Germans of the occupied zone. Next, in Berlin, further con- 
 tacts with Russian refugees were established, and various pur- 
 chases made of German material, such as the Grimm collec- 
 tion of posters, already noted. But the real objective was 
 further north and on October 11, Mr. Golder reached Riga, 
 just in time to be present, through the courtesy of a Polish 
 delegate and acquaintance, at the signing of the preliminary 
 Peace Treaty, October 12, 1920, between Soviet Russia and 
 Poland. 
 
 The next two and one-half months were spent in the states 
 of Finland, Latvia, Esthonia, and Lithuania, making collections 
 for these countries of war history materials of all sorts, even 
 copies of manuscripts, individual memoirs, etc. But all the 
 time special efforts were devoted to finding and securing Bol- 
 shevist material representative both of those earlier days when 
 Bolshevism was trying to dominate the countries mentioned, 
 and of the later and present period when Bolshevist propa- 
 ganda from Russia was being smuggled into them. This type 
 of material, for both the early and later period, is difficult to 
 secure, since in each state bordering on Soviet Russia the law 
 punishes the citizen who may be found with it in his possession, 
 and the police are rigorous and energetic in seizing it. In 1919, 
 for example, when Mr. Lutz was at Buda-Pesth, he made an 
 arrangement with the Hungarian government for a collection 
 of Bolshevist propaganda of the regime of Bela Kun, but when 
 our shipping agent, having packed it with a number of book 
 purchases, attempted to dispatch it to us by freight, the Hun- 
 garian police opened the cases, and seized the Bolshevist ma- 
 
74 THE HOOVER WAR COLLECTION 
 
 terial. They were prevented from destroying it, as the law 
 directed, by the protests of an American official, and later, after 
 much negotiation, the government directed its release to us, 
 so that it reached us months after the initial book shipment. 
 This illustrates the difficulty, and also the delicacy, of gathering 
 Bolshevist material in the western border countries of Russia. 
 Mr. Colder, therefore, was compelled to use much discretion 
 in collection, and made it a rule first to explain briefly to gov- 
 ernmental officials the purely historical purpose of his work, 
 with the result that everywhere he gained official approval, and 
 frequently direct governmental aid. Thus the Finnish govern- 
 ment gave us a duplicate collection of all the Bolshevist ma- 
 terial seizures made by its secret police, and at the end of his 
 work in the Baltic states, Mr. Colder reported that he had 
 secured very complete files of Russian propaganda material. 
 Some of this has already reached us and like other general 
 war propaganda material is of every conceivable type and char- 
 acter. Most of it is in Russian, but there is much in other 
 languages, especially in Cerman and in English. Since, how- 
 ever, the sources from which it was received by Mr. Colder 
 are in some cases still confidential, no analysis of materials 
 received, or on their way, is here permissible. 
 
 It is possible, however, to give a list of somewhat similar 
 materials recently secured through another agent, and in a 
 country not visited by Mr. Colder. In Hungary, after the 
 controversy with the police had cleared the air, it has proved 
 feasible to go much more thoroughly than could Mr. Lutz 
 in his short visit in 1919, into collecting Bolshevist material 
 for the Bela Kun episode. This collection contains the follow- 
 ing items. The titles are translations. 
 
 A. Placards of the First (Karolyi) Revolution 
 
 1. Funeral March. (The double-headed eagle is the emblem of the 
 
 Hapsburgs.) 
 
 2. In the Name of His Majesty. (In the foreground is the king, to 
 
 whom the war victims are showing their wounds.) 
 
STANFORD UNIVERSITY 75 
 
 3. Lukacsics. (He was the notorious military commander of Buda- 
 
 pest before the revolution, and was noted for his cruelty to 
 deserters.) 
 
 4. Statistics of the War. The Crime of the Old Regime. 
 
 5. We Demand of Wilson a Peace Worthy of Wilson. 
 
 6. England, You Lift Them Up. 
 
 7. Do you wish 4 Alsaces ? (Against the dismemberment of Hungary.) 
 
 8. Is This the Way To Pay Tchech Bills ? (Against Tchech atrocities.) 
 
 9. We Desire a Red Parliament. Vote for the Spcial-Democrats. 
 
 B. Placards of the Second (Commune) Revolution 
 
 10. Dictatorship of the Proletariat. Long Live the Hungarian Soviet 
 
 Republic Allied to Russia. 
 
 11. Proletariat! Our Cause Is the Cause of World Revolution. 
 
 12. Propaganda Booklets Are Obtainable from the Janitor. 
 
 13. The Hand of the Proletariat, or the Scourge of the Entente. 
 
 14. Brigands! Is This What You Wished? (The conference at Ver- 
 
 sailles.) 
 
 15. Forward Proletariat ! You Are the Saviours of the World. 
 
 16. May 1, 1919. 
 
 17. With Me or Against Me? (Red soldier.) 
 
 18. Join the Red Army ! 
 
 19. Forward, Red Soldiers. 
 
 20. Every Industry Should Have Its Battalion of WorkmeJi. 
 
 21. Brothers ! The Deadly Peace of the Entente Is Our Ally. 
 
 22. The World Revolution Will Destroy the Pleasures of Capitalist 
 
 Society — Alcohol and Prostitution. 
 
 23. What the Roumanians Wish from Their Murderous Peace Condi- 
 
 tions. 
 
 C. Placards Appearing After the Commune 
 
 24. They Wash Themselves. (Those who were reds wash their hands 
 
 in the Danube. Parliament building in the background.) 
 
 25. Scoundrels ! This Is Your Manner of Working. 
 
 26. The Red Horrified at Having Ruined Hungary. 
 
 D. Books Which Were Widely Read During the Commune 
 
 27. Bela Kun : Documents on the Fusion of the Social-Democrat Party 
 
 with the Bolshevik Party. 
 
 28. Bela Kun : What the Communists Wish. 
 
 29. Bela Kun: Who Will Pay for the War? 
 
 30. N. Lenin: The State of Revolution. 
 
 31. N. Lenin: The Direction of the Struggle. 
 
 32. N. Lenin: The Bourgeois Democracy and the Dictatorship of the 
 
 Proletariat. 
 
 33. N. Buncharin : The Program of the Communists. 
 
76 THE HOOVER WAR COLLECTION 
 
 34. N. Buncharin : From the Dictatorship of the ImperiaHsts t» the Dic- 
 
 tatorship of the Proletariat. 
 
 35. N. Buncharin : The Class Struggle and the Revolution in Russia. 
 36 N. Buncharin : Down with the International Robbers. 
 
 37. A. Kollontaj : The Working Mother. 
 
 38. L. Trotsky : Only Work, Discipline, and Order Can Save tUe Pro- 
 
 letariat. 
 
 39. Pierre Kropotkin: A Discourse to the Youth. 
 
 40. Karl Marx : Coup d'etat of Napoleon III. 
 
 41. Karl Marx: Civil War in France. 
 
 42. Marx and Engels : The Communist Appeal. 
 
 43. Szabo : Struggle Between Capital and Labour. 
 
 44. R. Krejosi : Leon Frankel, the Hungarian Leader of the Paris Com- 
 
 mune. 
 
 45. Arnold Passer : Mene Tekel. 
 
 46. Sophie Denes : Women in Communist Society. 
 
 47. Jaures-Lefargue : The Laws of Social Evolution. 
 
 48. Jules Hevesi : The Technical and Economic Necessity of the Com- 
 
 munist Revolution. (German edition.) 
 
 49. Jules Hevesi : The Technical and Economic Necessity of the Com- 
 
 munist Revolution. (Hungarian edition.) 
 50-74. Several less important pamphlets published during the Commune. 
 
 E. Pamphlets Published During the Commune 
 
 75. Hungarian, 40 ; German, 24 ; French, 10 ; Roumanian, 12 ; Russian, 8 ; 
 
 Arabic, 2 ; different Slavic languages, 27 ; Hebrew, 3. 
 
 F. Illustrated Pamphlets 
 
 76. Thirty-three illustrated pamphlets dropped by aviators in the enemy 
 
 lines (with the object of inciting Roumanian, French, and Tchech 
 soldiers to revolt). 
 
 G. Papers 
 
 77. Daily (in Hungarian and German), 9. 
 Weekly : 
 
 Scientific, 2. 
 Literary, 4. 
 Political, 12. 
 
 H. Decrees and Laws of the Commune 
 78a. Collection of decrees and laws of the Commune up to June 30, 1919. 
 (Only these five volumes were published ; there was not sufficient 
 time for printing the sixth.) 
 
STANFORD UNIVERSITY 77 
 
 I. Lectures. 
 78i>. Lectures given at the school of agitators. (The school of agitators 
 was founded to give economic and political instruction to young 
 men who were to become Bolshevik agitators. These documents 
 are rare and very interesting.) 
 
 79. Alexander Varjas : Opening Address. 
 
 80. Koloman Dienes : The Dictatorship of the Proletariat. 
 
 81. Alexander Varjas: Money and the Unearned Increments. 
 
 82. Alexander Varjas : Unearned Increments and Profit. 
 
 83. Eugen Varga: Series of Nine Lectures on the Economic Theory 
 
 of Capitalism. 
 
 84. A. Varjas: Series of Six Lectures on Modern Political History 
 
 from 1789 to Napoleon III. 
 
 85. A. Varjas : The Principles of the Economic Doctrines of Marx. 
 
 J. The Soviet Parliament 
 
 86. Proces Verbals of the Ten Meetings of the Soviet Parliament. (We 
 
 believe that we have secured the only copies of these in existence.) 
 
 87. Constitution of the Socialist Republic of the Soviets. 
 
 88. Organization and Rules of Procedure of the Central Executive 
 
 Committee. 
 
 89. Names of Members of the Central Executive Committee. 
 
 90. Project of Law Concerning the Exercise of Judicial Proof. (Sub- 
 
 mitted by the Commissioner of Justice to the Soviet Assembly.) 
 
 K. Documents Concerning the War Which Are Not Concerned 
 WITH Bolshevism 
 
 91. Diplomatic Documents Dealing with Causes of the War. 
 
 92. Documents concerning the movements of the Austro-Hungarian 
 
 fleet. 
 
 93. Diplomatic documents concerning the relations between Austria- 
 
 Hungary and Italy. 
 
 94. Diplomatic documents on the relations between Austria-Hungary 
 
 and Roumania. 
 
 95. Proofs of the violations of international law by the enemies of 
 
 Austria-Hungary. 
 
 96. Germany's reasons for war with Russia. 
 
 97. Nine proces verbals of meetings of the present National Assembly. 
 
 (Concerning the ratification of peace and other interesting topics 
 of the day.) 
 In addition to the work already noted, and to making ordi- 
 nary book purchases, Mr. CJolder has hunted out individuals 
 prominent in the Baltic states in the period of the war, interested 
 them in our collection, secured from them manuscripts or had 
 
78 THE HOOVER WAR COLLECTION 
 
 copies made of manuscripts, and started a number of them to 
 writing memoirs for us of leading events. Among these, for 
 example, are manuscripts and memoirs on the Bermondt affair, 
 in the Baltic provinces after the armistice. But the one out- 
 standing result of Mr. Golder's work is the acquisition of a 
 remarkable collection on Russian history antedating the war, 
 and thus not directly grist for the Hoover War Collection, but 
 rather a splendid addition to the Library of Stanford Uni- 
 versity, offering unusual opportunities in America for studies 
 of Russian history and government. 
 
 This is the "Miliukov Collection," and its acquisition 
 deserves special description. Paul Nicholaivitch Miliukov was 
 perhaps the most distinguished professor of the University of 
 Moscow. He was the Liberal leader of the Duma during the 
 last two years of the reign of Nicholas II, and afterward 
 Minister of Foreign Affairs in the provisional government of 
 Prince Lvoff on the overthrow of the monarchy. Mr. Golder 
 had long been acquainted with Professor Miliukov, and while 
 in Russia with the Stevens Railway Commission, had had the 
 good fortune on one occasion, just after the Bolshevists had 
 come into power, to be able to render to Miliukov a great 
 personal service. In London he visited Miliukov, and learned 
 that in 1914 Miliukov had sent into Finland his private collec- 
 tion on Russian history, placing it in the custody of a German 
 farmer. This collection contains works on Russian history, 
 but is in the main what may be called source material for the 
 study of Russian history, especially in its economic and political 
 aspects. Miliukov had not seen the collection since 1914, did 
 not know its fate, and feared it had been scattered or destroyed. 
 He offered it to Mr. Golder for Stanford University, if the 
 latter could find it and secure possession. Arrived in Finland, 
 Mr. Golder discovered that the person to whom it had been 
 entrusted had been sent to Siberia as a German suspect in 
 1915, but before arrest had succeeded in transferring the col- 
 lection to safe hands; that he was later returned to Finland, 
 and now was anxious to get rid of the collection. In fact, he 
 
STANFORD UNIVERSITY 79 
 
 was offering it for sale in parts, in order to recover expenses 
 incurred in preserving it. Mr. Colder, actively assisted by 
 the Finnish Foreign Minister, Mr. Holsti, made the required 
 payments, secured possession, and has started the collection on 
 its way to Stanford University. Just what the collection con- 
 tains cannot be determined until its arrival. It was shipped 
 from Helsingfors in thirty-four packing cases, two of which, 
 however, contain personal letters of Mr. Miliukov and are to 
 be returned to him. Mr. Miliukov, in letters recently received, 
 has emphasized the fact that his collection consists less of 
 "library shelf books" than of documents and manuscripts 
 gathered for the study of Russian institutions and history. 
 But this merely adds to its value from our point of view, and 
 in any case a collection gathered by so important and dis- 
 tinguished a person as Mr. Miliukov will constitute a notable 
 addition to the library of Stanford University. 
 
 In December, Mr. Colder returned to Paris and London, 
 and in January started for southeastern Europe and Constanti- 
 nople to continue his work in that region. Ceneral reports are 
 being received from him of his results, but as these are neces- 
 sarily brief, owing to the difficulty of securing proper clerical 
 help in the way of making lists, etc., no extended statement 
 is here made of his acquisitions. He was in Tiflis in January, 
 1921, just before the Bolshevik drive on that city, but escaped 
 safely and returned to Constantinople in February. Since then 
 he has been working in Bulgaria, Roumania and Serbia. In 
 the late spring his plan is to return to the Baltic territory to 
 complete undertakings started there. Ultimately he is to re- 
 turn to Stanford University as a regular member of the staff 
 of the Department of History, but he will remain in Europe 
 in his present work until September, 1922. Exclusive of the 
 Miliukov collection, the total number of items secured to date 
 through Mr. Colder is 5,300. It is not yet organized for 
 research. 
 
XL THE STANFORD FOOD RESEARCH INSTITUTE 
 
 Throughout the war, Mr. Hoover was impressed with the 
 lack of scientific data necessary for the wise administration of 
 the world food problems with which he was concerned, first 
 as organizer of the Commission for Relief in Belgium, next 
 as American Food Administrator, then as head of the Amer- 
 ican Relief Administration, and in this connection as chief 
 American representative on the Supreme Economic Council at 
 Paris, and finally as head of the American Relief Administra- 
 tion, European Children's Relief. He became convinced that 
 for the United States and for the whole world an intensive 
 study pf the production, exchange, distribution and consump- 
 tion of food stuffs was needed, both because of its immediate 
 human service in relation to the saving of life and the pres- 
 ervation of health, and also because of its indirect, yet vital, 
 importance in any system of international relations looking 
 toward world peace. Early in the work of organizing the 
 Hoover War Collection it was agreed that a special efl?ort 
 should be made to secure materials, either in print or manu- 
 script, on national and world food conditions, and particularly 
 the official records of the work and experiences of the leading 
 governments. In addition plans were made for the copying of 
 the records of the informational, the statistical, and the admin- 
 istrative sections of the various food commissions of which 
 Mr. Hoover had been the chief organizer. 
 
 Thus the collection is rich in materials for the study of 
 the great food problem as it existed during the war. But the 
 gathering of this material was but a part of Mr. Hoover's 
 plan. As finally developed in his mind, it took the form of a 
 Food Research Institute, with experts in charge, and a compe- 
 tent research bureau. A proposal to establish such an Institute 
 at Stanford University has been accepted by the Carnegie 
 Corporation of New York, which has granted the sum of 
 $700,000 to cover a ten-year period of research. At the time 
 when this report is being written the Institute has reached the 
 stage of a formal organization of Directors and of an Advisory 
 Committee, and is to begin work on July 1, 1921. 
 
STANFORD UNIVERSITY 81 
 
 The three directors will be Dr. Alonzo Englebert Taylor, 
 the well-known authority on the nutritional and economic 
 phases of food in national life, Dr. Carl Lucas Alsberg, at 
 present chief chemist of the U. S. Department of Agriculture, 
 and Dr. Joseph Stanclifie Davis, who is a member of the 
 economics faculty of Harvard University. 
 
 The Advisory Committee consists of the ex-officio mem- 
 bers, Dr. James R. Angell, president of the Carnegie Corpora- 
 tion, Dr. R. L. Wilbur, president of Stanford University, and 
 Herbert Hoover, who was specified in the original agreement 
 with the Carnegie Corporation. The additional members are: 
 William M. Jardine, president of Kansas State Agricultural 
 College; A. R. Howard, president of the Farm Bureau, the 
 national farmers' organization; Dr. J. C. Merriam, president 
 of the Carnegie Institution of Washington, D. C. ; George C. 
 Roeding, formerly of the California Horticultural Commission, 
 and Julius Barnes, formerly U. S. Wheat Director and president 
 of the U. S. Grain Corporation, and an authority on transporta- 
 tion and distribution methods. 
 
 The Advisory Committee, which will from time to time 
 confer with the directors of the institute, is made up, in accord- 
 ance with the agreement between Stanford University and 
 the Carnegie Corporation, of men of national prominence, rep- 
 resenting agricultural, consumer, economic, and other groups 
 of the community. 
 
 The three directors of the institute will determine the sci- 
 entific policies of the institute and the problems to be studied. 
 Each of them will head a division of the work, Dr. Tayloi- 
 in the field of physiology and the chemistry of nutrition. Dr. 
 Alsberg in the field of the chemistry of food manufacture and 
 agriculture, and Dr. Davis in the field of economics and food 
 distribution. They will work cooperatively to cover the whole 
 subject of the production, distribution and consumption of 
 
 food. 
 
 Thus in the field of food research the Hoover War Collec- 
 
82 THE HOOVER WAR COLLECTION 
 
 tion is soon to be used by an efficiently organized group of 
 experts and assistants, though, naturally, the greater part of 
 their studies and reports will be based upon investigations 
 derived from data* not included in the collection. It will be 
 evident, however, that the collection will be of no small value 
 in the work of the Stanford Food Research Institute. 
 
 Ordinarily a report of this nature should include recog- 
 nition of the assistance given by persons and institutions, but 
 the mere naming of these would result in so long a list of 
 officials and private individuals in all countries, that limitations 
 of space preclude personal mention. Some few have been noted 
 in relation to special fields of collection, in the body of this 
 report, but everywhere there was experienced the greatest 
 spirit of interested helpfulness. Naturally, because of the con- 
 ditions under which the collection was initiated, the staff of 
 the History Department has had a leading part in the work, and 
 there should be added to those already mentioned, the names 
 of Professor P. A. Martin, who has been our adviser in the 
 securing of South American materials, and of Professor R. 
 G. Trotter, who is directing the work in Dominion of Canada 
 documents. Professor Espinosa, of the Romanic Language 
 Department, has helped to secure Spanish documents, and 
 throughout all our work, and in all aspects of it, the Librarian 
 of the University, Mr. G. T. Clark, has given enthusiastic 
 assistance. 
 
 To all who have assisted us, our sincere thanks are here ex- 
 pressed. If, as is fully expected, the work of collecting is to 
 go on indefinitely, we shall hope for the continued advice of 
 these, our established friends, and shall welcome assistance and 
 advice from any who are interested. The Hoover War Col- 
 lection is still in process of organization, but, though yet un- 
 catalogued in the sense in which librarians use that term, that 
 which has already reached us is, in the main, usable by stu- 
 dents and writers of research experience, and is freely open to 
 such use. 
 
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