9^ 3 1924 055 33.q 276 =«: Cornell University Library The original of this book is in the Cornell University Library. There are no known copyright restrictions in the United States on the use of the text. http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924055333276 DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE AND LABOR BUREAU OF THE CENSUS S. N. D. NORTH, DIRECTOR BULLETIN 8 NEGROES IN THE UNITED STATES WASHINGTON GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 1904 TABLE OF CONTENTS. Page. Maps and diagrams (list) 8 Letter of transmittal 9 The negro population H-68 Summary of results 11-14 Nature and accuracy of returns 14-17 Definition 14, 15 Accuracy of returns 15 Mulattoes 15-17 Distribution and proportion of negroes 17-29 Continental United States 17-19 States and territories 19, 20 Counties 20-23 Physiographic divisions 23, 24 Center and median points of negro population 24-26 City and country 26-29 Increase of negroes 29-83 Continental United States '.. 29,30 Main geographic divisions 30, 31 City and country 32, 33 Sex 34,35 Continental United States 34 City and country 34, 35 Age 35-39 Differences in figures for 1890 35 Nature of inquiry ■. 35, 36 Accuracy of returns 36-38 Median age 38, 39 Birthplace 39-41 Distribution of negroes born in the South Atlantic arid South Central divisions 39-41 Illiteracy 41-46 Nature of inqxiiry 41 Accuracy of returns 41 Continental United States 41, 42 States and territories .' 42 Counties 42 City and country 42-44 Sex 44,45 Age 45,46 Conjugal condition 46-52 Nature of inquiry ,- 46, 47 Total population 47 Adult population 47,48 Sex 48-50 Sex and age 50-52 Breadwinners 52-57 Nature of inquiry 52, 53 Total number 53, 54 Sex 54,55 Age 55, 56 Conjugal condition 56, 57 Leading occupations 57-64 Distribution by occupations 57, 58 Servants and waiters 58, 59 Launderers and laundresses 59 Draymen, hackmen, teamsters, etc 59 Steam railroad employees 59, 60 Miners and quarrymen 60 Saw and planing mill employees 60 (3) 4 TABLE OF CONTENTS. Thk nsobo PonrLATiQN — Continued. Leading occupations — Continued. ^^^ Porters and helpers (in stores, etc.) Teachers and professors in collies - 60, ol Carpenters and joiners - - Turpentine farmers and laborers Barbers and hairdressers •--- Nurses andmidwives - Clergymen ^^'^2 Tobacco and cigar factory operatives - - "•^ HosUers ^2 Masons (brick and stone) "^ Dressmakers "^ Iron and steel workers 62,63 Seamstresses ^ Janitors and sextons - 63 Housekeepers and stewards 63 Fishermen and oy stermen 63 Engineers and firemen (not locomotive) --- 63 Blacksmiths 63,64 Vital statistics 64r-68 Nature of inquiry 64 Death rate 64 Death rate by sex 64,65 Death rate by age 65,66 Batio of children to women 66-68 The negbo fakmer 69-98 Farms operated by negroes J 69-78 General statistics 69,70 Number and acreage of farms, by geographic divisions 70 Number and acreage of farms, by states 70,71 Farms classified by area 71 Value of farm property ,, 71,72 The farm home 72,73 The farm equipment 73 Live stock on farms .'.'. 73,74 Value of farm products 74, 75 Farms classified by value of products 75 Crops 75,76 Farms classified by principal source of income 76, 77 Expenditures for labor and fertihzers „ 77,78 Geographic distribution 78 The negro tenant 78-81 Classification of farms by tenure 78, 79 Conditions under slavery 79 Effect of the Civil War 79 80 The share tenant system ,, 80 The crop-lien system , , 80 81 Present economic conditions _ 81 The negro farm owner 81-84 Proportion of owned farms 81 82 Total acreage and value of owned farms ^ 82 83 Owned and rented land in farms of owners 1 83 84 Value of farm property owned by negroes g^ Products and expenditures on owned farms g^ Farm statistics by tenure 84-90 Farms of colored farmers classified by tenure 84 85 Farm acreage by tenure 85-87 Value of farm property by tenure 87 88 Value of farm products by tenure 88' 89 General conclusions 89* 90 The relative importance of the negro in agriculture QO^q'i Proportion of the total farm acreage and total farm values in farms operated by negroes 90 91 Proportion of classified farms operated by negroes 91 02 Proportion of farm animals and crops on farms operated by negroes 92* 9^? Comparison of averages for white and for negro farmers 91' 94 Batio of value of products to value of farm property 94' qt; Farm ownership and the farming black belt qiilqa TABLE OF CONTENTS. 5 GENERAL TABLES. Page. Table 1. — Total population, by states and territories arranged geographically : 1790 to 1900 101 Table 2. — White and negro population, by states and territories arranged geographically : 1790 to 1900 102, 103 Table 3. — Number and percentage of increase in white and negro population, by states and territories arrangsd geographic- ally: 1790 to 1900 104-108 Table 4. — Percentage of white and negro of total population, by states and territories arranged geographically: 1790 to 1900 . . . 109, 110 Table 5. — Relative proportion of negroes to whites, by states and territories arranged geographically: 1790 to 1900 Ill Table 6. — Negro population, classified by sex and general nativity, by states and territories arranged geographically: 1900 112 Table 7. — Negro population, classified by sex, general nativity, and parentage, by states and territories arranged geographic- ally: 1900 113,114 Table 8. — Native negro population, distributed according to state or territory of birth, by states and territories arranged geo- graphically : 1900 115-119 Table 9.^Ages by periods of years of the negro population classified by sex, by states and territories arranged geographic- ally: 1900 120,121 Table 10. — Ages of the negro population classified by sex, by states and territories arranged alphabetically: 1900 122-135 Table 11. — Negro persons of school, militia, and voting ages, by states and territories arranged geographically: 1900 136 Table 12. — Negro persons attending school during the census year, classified by sex and age periods, by states and territories arranged geographically : 1900 137, 138 Table 13. — Negro persons attending school during the census year, classified by sex, age periods, and months of school attend- ance, by geographic divisions and by states and territories arranged alphabetically : 1900 139-143 Table 14. — Number and percentage of negro persons attending school of total negro persons 5 to 9, 10 to 14, and 15 to 20 years of age, respectively, by states and territories arranged geographically : 1900 144 Table 15. — Illiterate negro population 10 years of age and over, classified by sex and degree of illiteracy, by states and territo- ries arranged geographically: 1900 145 Table 16. — Illiterate negro population 10 years of age and over, classified by sex and age periods, by states and territories arranged geographically : 1900 146, 147 Table 17. — Number and percentage of illiterate negro population 10 years of age and over classified by sex, by states and ter- ritories arranged geographically: 1890 and 1900 148, 149 Table 18. — Number and percentage of illiterate negro population 10 to 14 and 15 to 19 years of age, respectively, by states and territories arranged geographically: 1890 and 1900 150 Table 19. — Conjugal condition of the negro population classified by sex, by states and territories arranged geographically: 1900 151 Table 20. — Conjugal condition of the negro population classified by sex and age periods, by geographic divisions and by states and territories arranged alphabetically: 1900 152-163 Table 21. — Negro persons 10 years of age and over engaged in each of 140 groups of occupations, classified by sex, for the United States: 1900 164,165 Table 22. — Negro persons 10 years of age and over engaged in each of 140 groups of occupations, classified by sex and age periods, for continental United States: 1900 166-169 Table 23. — Negro persons 10 to 15 years of age engaged in each of 140 groups of occupations, classified by sex and year of age, for continental United States: 1900 170,171 Table 24. — Negro persons 10 years of age and over engaged in each of 140 groups of occupations, classified by sex and conjugal condition, for continental United States: 1900 172, 173 Table 25. — Negro persons 10 years of age and over engaged in each of 140 groups of occupations who were unemployed during some portion of the census year, classified by sex and months unemployed, for continental United States: 1900. . . 174, 175 Table 26. — Negro persons 10 years of age and over engaged in selected groups of occupations, classified by sex, by geographic divisions and by states and territories arranged alphabetically: 1900 176-187 Table 27. — Number of negro families occupying owned and hired homes, and owned homes distinguished as free and encum- bered, by states and territories arranged geographically: 1900 188, 189 Table 28. — Percentage of negro families occupying owned and hired homes, and owned homes distinguished as free and encumbered, by states and territories arranged geographically: 1900 190 Table 29. — Total and negro population in 1900, 1890, and 1880, and negro population in 1900 distributed according to school, militia, and voting ages, and illiteracy, by counties 191-229 Table 30. — Total and negro population in 1900, 1890, and 1880, and negro population in 1900 distributed according to school, militia, and voting ages, and illiteracy, for cities having 25,000 inhabitants or more in 1900 230-232 Table 31. — Ages by periods of years of the negro population classified by sex, for cities having 25,000 inhabitants or more: 1900 233-236 Table 32. — Negro persons attending school during the census year, classified by sex and age periods, for cities having 25,000 inhabitants or more: 1900 237,238 Table 33. Conjugal condition of the negro population classified by sex, for cities having 25,000 inhabitants or more: 1900 239, 240 Table 34. Total population and negro population living in cities within specified limits of size and in country districts: 1900. . . 241 Table 35. Total population and negro population living in cities within specified limits of size and in country districts: 1890. .. 2 [2 Table 36. Total population and negro population living in cities within specified limits of size and in country districts: 1880. .. 243 Table's?. Per cent negro in the population living in cities within specified limits of size and in country districts, and per cent distribution of the negro population by class of place of residence: 1900 244 6 TABLE OF CONTENTS. Page. Table 38. — Per cent negro in the population living in cities within specified limits of size and in country districts, and per cent distribution of the negro population by class of place of residence: 1890 245 Table 39. — Per cent negro in the population living in cities within specified limits of size and in country districts, and per cent distribution of the negro population by class of place of residence: 1880 246 Table 40.— N^ro population living in cities within specified limits of size and in country districts, classified by sex: 1900 247 Table 41.— Negro, Indian, and Mongolian population living in cities within specified limits of size and in country districts, classified by sex: 1890 248 Table 42.— Per cent male and female in the negro population Uving in cities within specified limits of size and in country districts: 1900 249 Table 43.— Per cent male and female in the negro, Indian, and Mongolian population living in cities within specified limits of size and in country districts : 1890 250 Table 44. — Per 10,000 distribution of the negro population by age periods: 1900 251 Table 45. — Per 10,000 distribution of the negro male population by age periods: 1900 252 Table 46. — Per 10,000 distribution of the negro female population by age periods: 1900 253 Table 47. — Native negro population classified as bom within or born without state or territory of residence: 1900 254 Table 48. — Per 10,000 distribution of the negro population bom in each state and territory by state or territory of residence: 1900. . 255-260 Table 49.— Per 10,000 distribution of the native negro population of each state and territory by state or territory of birth: 1900. . 261-265 Table 50. — Per cent distribution of the negro population attending school by months of attendance: 1900 266 Table 51. — Per cent of the negro population 10 to 14 years of age, attending school specified number of months: 1900 267 Table 52. — ^Number and per cent illiterate in negro population at least 10 years of age and among negro males of voting age: 1900 268 Table 53. — Per cent negro in total population, 1900, 1890, and 1880, per cent male and female in negro population, per cent illiterate in negro population at least 10 years of age and among negro males of voting age, and per 10,000 distri- bution of negro population by age periods 269-271 Table 54.— Statistics of the negro population for cities having 2,500 to 25,000 inhabitants in 1900 272-278 Table 55. — Per cent negro in total population, 1900, 1890, and 1880, per cent male and female in negro population, and per cent illiterate in negro population at least 10 years of age and among males of voting age 279-289 Table 56. — Negro population, number of mulattoes, and per cent mulatto in total negro population: 1890, 1870, 1860, and 1850.. 290 Table 57. — Number of children under 5 years of age and number of females 15 to 44 years of age, for the negro, Indian, and Mongolian population: 1900, 1890, and 1880 291 Table 58. — Number of children imder 5 years of age and number of females 15 to 44 years of age for the negro, Indian, and Mongolian population: 1900 and 1890 292 Table 59. — Number of children under 5 years of age and number of females 15 to 44 years of age for the negro, Indian, and Mongolian population: 1900 and 1890 293,294 Table 60. — Number and acreage of farms operated by negroes, value of specified classes of farm property, June 1, 1900, with value of products of 1899, and expenditures in 1899 for labor and fertilizers, with averages, by states and terri- tories arranged geographically 296 297 Table 61. — Number of farms operated by negroes, classified by tenure, by states and territories arranged geographically: 1900 . . 298 Table 62. — Number of farms operated by negroes, classified by area in acres, by states and territories arranged geographically: 1900 299 Table 63. — Number of farms operated by negroes, classified by value of products of 1899 not fed to live stock, by states and territories arranged geographically: 1900 300 Table 64. — Number of farms operated by negroes, classified by principal source of income in 1899, by states and territories arranged geographically : 1900 30i Table 65. — Number and total value of specified domestic animals, and values of poultry and bees, June 1, 1900, on farms ^ operated by negroes, by states and territories arranged geographically 302 303 Table 66. — Number of farms operated by negroes reporting cereals, June 1, 1900, with acreage and production of each cereal in 1899, by states and territories arranged geographically 304 305 Table 67.— Number of farms operated by negroes reporting hay, potatoes, and sweet potatoes, June 1, 1900, with the acreage and production of each crop in 1899, by states and territories arranged geographically 30g Table 68.— Number of farms operated by negroes reporting cotton and tobacco, June 1, 1900, with the acreage and production of each crop in 1899, by states and territories arranged geographically ocfj Table 69. — Classification by tenure, for farms of all negro, Indian, and Mongolian farmers, of the number and acreage of farms value of specified classes of farm property, value of products, and expenditures for labor and fertiUzers with averages, for main and minor geographic divisions, and for each of the Southern states ' 308-315 Table 70.— Number and total value of specified domestic animals, and values of poultry and bees, June 1, 1900 on farms of all negro, Indian, and Mongolian farmers classified by tenure, for main and minor geographic divisions and for each of the Southern states SlR-vtSI Table 71.— Per cent of the total number of farms operated by negro farmers in each class as determined by tenure, by value" of products not fed to live stock, by principal source of income, and by area, for continental United States by geographic divisions and for the two Southern divisions by states and territories: 1900 304 oor Table 72.— Number of farms, total acreage, improved acreage, and value of farm property for all farms and for farms operated ' by negroes, with the per cent of the totals comprised in farms operated by negroes, for continental United States by geographic divisions and for the Southern divisions by states and territories: 1900 09a Table 73. — Value of specified classes of farm property for all farms and for farms operated by negroes, with the per cent of "the totals comprised in farms operated by negroes, for continental United States by geographic divisions and for the Southern divisions by states and territories : 1900 „„_ 327 TABLE OF CONTENTS. 7 Page. Table 74. — Value of products, value of products not fed to live stock, and expenditures for labor and for fertilizers, for all farms and for farms operated by negroes, with the per cent of the totals comprised in farms operated by negroes, for continental United States by geographic divisions and for the Southern divisions by states and territories: 1900. . . 328 Table 75. — ^Total number of farms and number operated by negroes in each class of farms as determined by tenure, area, value of products of 1899 not fed to live stock, and principal source of income, with the per cent which the number of farms operated by negroes in each class form of the total number in that class, for continental United States and for each geographic division : 1900 329 Table 76. — Number of specified domestic animals on all farms and on farms operated by negroes with per cent on farms operated by negroes, for continental United States and for each geographic division : 1900 330 Table 77. — Production, in 1899, of specified crops on farms operated by negroes compared with the production on all farms, for continental United States and for the South Atlantic and South Central divisions : 1900 330 Table 78. — Average a5reage per farm, average value of farm property and farm products, and average expenditures for farms of negro and of white farmers, by states and territories: 1900 332, 333 MAPS AND DIAGRAMS. Page. Map 1. — Proportion of negro to total population of the United States at the Twelfth Census: 1900 Frontispiece. Map 2. — Main and minor geographic divisions of continental United States 18 Diagram 1. — Negro population of each state and territory having at least 10,000 negroes: 1900 20 Map 3. — Counties having at least 50 per cent negro in total population: 1860 21 Map 4. — Counties having at least 50 per cent negro in total population: 1880 22 Map 5. — Counties having at least 50 per cent negro in total population: 1900 22 Map 6. — Counties having at least 75 per cent negro in total population: 1900 23 Map 7.— Center of negro population of continental United States, 1900, 1890, 1880, and 1790; and center of negro and of white population of the South, 1900, 1890, and 1880 25 Map 8. — Counties having a higher per cent negro in total population in 1900 than in 1880 and having at least 1,000 negroes in 1900 31 Diagram 2. — Number of negroes reported at each year of age: 1900 36 Diagram 3. — Per cent illiterate in negro population at least 10 years of age: 1900 and 1890 43 Map 9. — Southern counties in which the farms operated by negroes in 1900 constituted at least 50 per cent of all farms 96 Map 10. — Southern counties in which farms owned and operated by negroes in 1900 constituted at least 50 per cent of all farms operated by negroes 96 Map 11. — Southern counties in which there were at least 300 farms owned and operated by negroes in 1900 97 LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL. DEPAKTMENT OF COMMERCE AND LABOR, BUEEATJ OF THE CbNSTJS, Washrngton, D. 0. , June 1, IdOlf.. Sir: I have the honor to submit Bulletin 8 of the Bureau of the Census entitled " Negroes in the United States." Requests for information upon the subject of this bulletin are frequently received by the Bureau. It is impossible to supply each inquirer with the seven quarto volumes of the Twelfth Census, through which tables on this subject are scattered. The summary tables in the Abstract of the Twelfth Census are not extended enough to meet the want, and as published, without any explanation or interpretation, might in some cases be meaningless or misleading to persons unfamiliar with census methods or inexpert with figures. To meet the call thus made upon it the Bureau of the Census has brought together with substantial completeness in the present bulletin, the information it has gathered regarding the American negro, and has prepared an introductory analysis pointing out what the figures are thought by the Bureau to mean and not to mean. Certain tables containing statistics of minor importance have not been reproduced, because their inclusion would have increased the size of the bulletin so much as to impair its value as a convenient source of reference. In the introductory analysis, figures for the whites in the entire country or in the Southern states have been included whenever the comparison thus made possible seemed to bring out more clearly the meaning of the statistics regarding the present conditions or the recent changes of the negro population. But in the general tables extended information about the whites could not be introduced without omitting more relevant matter to make a place for it. In analyzing the figures on occupations much use has been made of the Special Report on Occupations. No analysis for small areas like individual states or cities could be undertaken within the limit of such a publication and no effort has been made to carry the interpretation into smaller geographic divisions than continental United States or the Southern states as a whole. The primary tables presented in this bulletin were prepared under the supervision of Mr. W. C. Hunt, chief statistician. They comprise Tables 1 to 33, relating to population, and Tables 60 to 70, relating to agricul- ture. These tables are for the most part reproductions or adaptations of tables published at the Twelfth Census. Tables 34 to 59, which are now published for the first time, are supplementary and derived tables prepared under the supervision of Professor W. F. Willcox, of Cornell University, special agent of the Census Bureau. Professor Willcox has also written the introductory analysis upon population and vital statistics. The section on the negro farmer was prepared by W. E. B. Du Bois, Ph. D., professor of economics and history in Atlanta University. Very respectfully. Hon. George B. Corteltott, Secretary of OoTnmerce a/nd Lahor THE NEGRO POPULATION. By Waltee F. Willcox. SUMMAKT OF KESULTS. The census of the negroes in 1900 was probably less accurate than that of the whites, the unavoidable omis- sions being somewhat more numerous than the unde- tected duplications, but it is believed to be not more than 2 per cent below the truth and at least as accurate as any previous census of the negroes. The censuses of mulattoes, as distinguished from full- blooded negroes, taken in 1850, 1860, 1870, and 1890, though subject to a far greater and wholly indetermi- nate probable error, have shown a general agreement of results. They indicate that between 11 and 16 per cent of the negro population have, or are believed by the enumera- tors to have, some degree of white blood. The proportion of mulattoes to all negroes is lowest as a rule where the proportion of whites in the total population is lowest, and highest, as a rule, where the proportion of whites in the total population is highest. The proportion of mulattoes to all negroes is usually higher in cities of the great cotton growing states than it is in the districts outside of the cities. The number of negroes in the United States, includ- ing the entire area covered by the Twelfth Census (continental United States, Alaska, and Hawaii) and Porto Rico, is nine and one-fifth million (9,204,531), perhaps a larger number than is found in any other country outside of Africa. Nearly nine-tenths (89.7 per cent) of the negroes living in continental United States are found in the Southern (South Atlantic and South Central) states, and three-tenths (31.4 per cent) in Georgia, Mississippi, and Alabama. The largest numbers of negroes living in compact masses are found in certain urban counties, several of which lie outside the great cotton growing states. The four each having over 75,000 negroes are: District of Columbia, coextensive with Washington; Shelby county, Tenn., containing Memphis; Baltimore city, Md., and Orleans parish, La., coextensive with New Orleans. The "black belt," that is, the counties in which the negroes are at least half the total population, lies mainly south and east of the northern and western boundaries of the Austroriparian zone of plant and animal life as defined by the Department of Agriculture, and this was more nearly true in 1900 than in 1860. The district in which the proportion of negroes is greatest lies in the Mississippi alluvial region along both banks of the lower Mississippi, where five-eighths of the population is negro, the maximum being in Issaquena county, Miss., with more than 15 negroes to each white person. There are 55 counties and only 1 city in continental United States in which at least 75 per cent of the popu- lation is negro. Where the proportion of negroes in the population is very high it is usually higher in the country districts than in the cities; where that proportion is very low it is usually lower in the country districts. The center of the negro population is in Dekalb county, northeastern Alabama, about 4 miles from the western boundary of Georgia, and 33 miles south of the southern boundary of Tennessee. The center of the negro population has moved since 1790 from a point in Dinwiddle county, Va. (27 miles southwest of Petersburg), 476 miles southwest to the above-mentioned point. The center of the negro population of the Southern states is farther south and west than the center of the entire negro population, and it is also much farther south than and a little east of the center of white popu- lation of the Southern states. There is some evidence of a slight tendency to a local separation between the two races in the South since 1890, the center of population for southern negroes be- ing 79 miles from that for southern whites in 1890 and 94 miles in 1900. More than three-fourths (77.3 per cent) of the negroes live in the country — that is, outside of cities ^ having at least 2,500 inhabitants — this per cent being far greater than that of the whites (57.3 per cent). But when the figures are confined to the South there is no important difference traceable between the two races. Outside of the South — that is, in the North and West — ^Including all incorporated places, and in New England all towns not containing an incorporated place. (11) 12 NEGKOES IN THE UNITED STATES. seven-tenths (70.2 per cent) of the negroes and oniy five- tenths (50.6 per cent) of the whites live in cities as above defined. Negroes constitute about one-fifteenth (6.6 per cent) of the city population and about one-seventh (15 per cent) of the country population of continental United States. In the South, negroes are about one-third of the popu- lation, both in cities (30.9 per cent) and in country dis- tricts (32.6 per cent). In the North and West they are about one-fortieth (2.4 per cent) of the city population and one- ninetieth (1.1 per cent) of the country population. Owing to the admitted errors of the census of 1870, especially among the negroes, the best method of meas- uring increase is probably by twenty -year periods, 1800 to 1820, 1820 to 1840, 1840 to 1860, 1860 to 1880, and 1880 to 1900. The rate of increase of negroes as thus measured de- clined steadily through the nineteenth century; that of whites was highest between 1840 and 1860. In the Southern states the increase of the negroes in each decade between 1800 and 1840 was more lapid than that of the whites; since 1840 it has been less rapid. Between 1860 and 1900 southern negroes increased 93.4 per cent and southern whites 134.9 per cent. In the country districts of the South, excluding the population of the 242 cities which had at least 2,500 inhabitants both in 1890 and in 1900, the negroes in- creased, 1890 to 1900, 16.4 per cent; in the 242 southern cities as a whole they increased 21.7 per cent. Their increase in the country districts was about two-thirds as rapid as that of the whites in the same area; their increase in southern cities was nearly five-sixths as fast as that of the whites in the same cities. In the largest southern cities, that is, the 5 having at least 100,000 inhabitants in 1900, the negro population increased 25.8 per cent, 1890 to 1900; the white popu- lation of the same cities increased only 20.8 per cent. This is the only group of southern cities in which the rate of increase of negro population exceeded that of the whites. In the 38 cities of this class in continental United States the per cent of increase, 1890 to 1900, was 38 for negroes and 32.7 for whites. The negroes, unlike the Indians and the native whites, have a slight excess of females. In the country districts as a whole, negro males out- number negro females slightly (10 per thousand); in the cities, females outnumber males decidedly (66 per thousand). A difference of the same sort but greater in amount exists between the urban and the rural negro population of the Southern states, where in the country districts the males outnumber the females 8 per thousand, and in the cities the females outnumber the males 88 per thousand. This dissociation of the sexes between city and country is far more marked among negroes than among whites, and has increased since 1890. The age of negroes is reported with much inaccuracy, the proportion of errors increasing with age. These inaccuracies are greater in the South than in the North, and were less marked in all parts of the country in 1900 than in 1890. The median age of negroes is 19.4 years, that is, half the negroes in the United States are below that age. The median age is 4 years below that of the whites (23.4 years), a difference closely connected with the high birth rate and high death rate of the negroes. The median age of negroes, Indians, and Mongolians, or non-Caucasians, in 1880 was 18 years; in 1900 it was 19.7 years, the increase of 1.7 years since 1880 being probably connected with a decline both in the birth rate and in the death rate. Among negroes at least 10 years of age 44.5 per cent are illiterate, that is, unable to write, the great majority of them being also unable to read. The per cent illiter- ate has decreased rapidly since 1890 when it was 67.1 per cent. Illiteracy among negroes is about seven times as com- mon as among whites, and this ratio between the races has not altered materially in the last ten years. Illiteracy among southern negroes is more than four times that among southern whites. If the per cent of illiterates should fall in each suc- ceeding ten years by as great an amount as it did between 1890 and 1900, an improbable assumption, it would become zero about 1940. Illiteracy is much more prevalent in country districts than in cities. Thus in the Southern states nearly one-half (49.8 per cent) of the negroes at least 10 years of age living outside cities having at least 25,000 inhab- itants, are returned as illiterate. But in the cities less than one-third (31.5 per cent) of the negroes are so returned. With negroes, as with whites, the female is the more illiterate sex. The per cent of illiteracy is highest for the age period 66 years and over, and lower for each earlier age period, the minimum being at 10 to 14 years; these differences indicating and roughly measuring the spread of school facilities in recent years. The lower per cent of illit- eracy among negroes born since the Civil War is clearly evident from the figures for illiteracy by age periods. About six-tenths (60.5 per cent) of the negroes of all ages are single, between three-tenths and one-third (32.5 per cent) are married, and nearly one-fifteenth (6.8 per cent) are widowed or divorced. About one-third (34.5 per cent) of the adult negroes (above 16 years of age) are single, more than one-half (63.9 per cent) are married, and about one-ninth (11.2 per cent) are widowed or divorced. SUMMARY OF RESULTS. 13 The proportion of single and of married in the adult negro population has slightly declined, that of widowed and divorced slightly increased since 1890; these changes differing in one particular, the decline in the propor- tion of married, from those which occurred during the same period among white adults, both in the entire country and in the Southern states. There was a decided increase between 1890 and 1900 in the proportion of married among young negroes. This included male negroes, 16 to 24 years of age and female negroes 15 to 19. The proportion married at later ages declined for both sexes. This increase of early marriages was yet more marked among southern whites of both sexes and was probably due to the great prosperity of the country just before 1900. There are nearly four million (3,992,337) negroes in continental United States engaged in gainful occupa- tions. These persons, who may be called breadwinners, con- stitute 45.2 per cent of the total negro population, while for the total white population the per cent is 37.3, and for southern whites 34.2. Negro breadwinners constitute 62.2 per cent of all negroes at least 10 years of age. For whites the cor- responding per cent is 48.6, and for southern whites 46.9. The relatively high per cent for negroes is closely connected with the marked prevalence of female labor in that race. Among females at least 10 years of age, 40.7 per cent of the negroes and only 16 per cent of the whites and 11.8 per cent of the southern whites report money getting occupations, a difference which accounts for about three-fourths of the difference in the proportion of breadwinners in the two races. That part of the difference between negroes and whites in the proportion of breadwinners to population at least 10 years of age, which is not accounted for b}'' the much greater prevalence of gainful occupations among negro women, finds its explanation in the fact that negro boys and young men, and also negro men over 55 years of age, are more generally engaged in breadwinning than white boys and men of corresponding ages. These differences might be due to the greater preva- lence of agricultural pursuits among negroes, that class of occupations furnishing an unusuallj^ good field for employing boys and old men. But indirect evidence indicates that among negroes engaged in agriculture, young men, old men, and women help in breadwinning much more generally than they do among whites en- gaged in the same class of work. More than one-fourth (26 per cent) of the negro wives and two-thirds (67 per cent) of negro widows report a gainful occupation and the proportions have increased since 1890 from 22.7 per cent for wives and 62.6 per cent for widows. There are 27 occupations in which at least 10,000 negroes were reported as engaged in 1900. These occupations gave employment to 3,807,008 negroes or 4973— Bull. 8—07 2 more than 95 per cent of the total number of negro breadwinners. The ill-defined and fluctuating character of the division lines between farmers, planters, and overseers, agricultural laborers, and laborers (not specified), makes it diflicult to interpret the figures regarding persons engaged in agriculture. The three classes together include two-thirds of all negro breadwinners. In the following 13 of these 27 leading occupations the proportion of negroes among all breadwinners in the occupation in continental United States was greater in 1900 than in 1890: Servants and waiters, draymen, hackmen, teamsters, etc., miners and quarrymen, saw and planing mill employees, porters and helpers (in stores, etc.), teachers, nurses and midwives, clergy- men, hostlers, masons (brick and stone), dressmakers, iron and steel workers, and engineers and firemen (not locomotive). In the following 10 of these 27 leading occupations the proportion of negroes among all breadwinners in the occupation in continental United States was less in 1900 than in 1890: Launderers and laundresses, steam railroad employees, carpenters and joiners, barbers and hairdressers, tobacco and cigar factory operatives, seam- stresses, janitors and sextons, housekeepers and stew- ards, fishermen and oystermen, and blacksmiths. When the figures are confined to the South, there are found to be 7 leading occupations, namely, servants and waiters, miners and quarrymen, saw and planing mill employees, teachers, nurses and midwives, clergymen, and iron and steel workers, in which the per cent of negroes among all persons in the occupation was larger inl900than in 1890; and 9 leading occupations, namely, launderers and laundresses, draymen, hackmen, team- sters, etc., steam railroad employees, carpenters and joiners, barbers and hairdressers, tobacco and cigar fac- tory operatives, housekeepers and stewards, fishermen and oystermen, and engineers and firemen (not locomo- tive), in which the per cent of negroes among all persons in the occupation was smaller in 1900 than in 1890. In 8 occupations, namely, porters and helpers (in stores, etc.), turpentine farmers and laborers, hostlers, masons (brick and stone), dressmakers, seamstresses, janitors and sextons, and blacksmiths, no figures for the Southern states were separately reported in 1890. The Bureau of the Census has no information regard- ing births or marriages. It has no trustworthy information regarding deaths in the entire country, but finds and' accepts as trust- worthy the records of death in a registration area con- taining 13.4 per cent of the negroes and 41.2 per cent of the whites of continental United States. The death rate of negroes in the registration area in 1900 was 30.2; that of whites in the same area was 17.3. The death rate of negroes alone in the registration area in 1890 is unknown; that of negroes, Indians, and Mongolians or non-Caucasians in the registration area 14 NEGROES IN THE UNITED STATES. in 1890 was 29.9, that of the same class in the slightly different registration area in 1900 was 29.6, indicating a slight decrease in the death rate of negroes during the decade, 1890 to 1900. The death rate in 1900 in the registration area was 31.4 for negro males and 27.8 for negro females. The negro, Indian, and Mongolian population of the registration area has a larger proportion of persons between 5 and 64 years of age, approximately the age periods when the death rate is below the average for all ages, and a larger proportion of females than the negro population of the entire country, both differences tending to lower the death rate of negroes in the reg- istration area below what it would otherwise be. If these known and measurable differences between the negroes, Indians, and Mongolians of the registra- tion area and the negroes of the entire country be allowed for, and if in other respects the ascertained con- ditions of the former group be assumed to hold good for the latter, then the death rate of negroes in con- tinental United States in 1900 appears to be 34.2. Of the negro population of the registration area 93.2 per cent are living in cities, and a city death rate is usually higher than a country death rate. On the other hand, the evidence gathered by the Bureau of the Cen- sus indicates that not quite all deaths in the registration area are recorded. This influence would make the true death rate of negroes in the registration area higher than the observed death rate. Of these two influences acting in opposite directions the former is believed to be the stronger, but not enough to deprive the preced- ing estimate of value. The number of negro, Indian, and Mongolian children under 5 years of age to each 1,000 women 15 to 44 years of age was 759 in 1880 and 685 in 1900, showing a decrease of 174 in twenty years. The number in 1880 was 173 greater, and in 1900, 77 greater than the corre- sponding number for the whites. The Bureau of the Census has no information regard- ing negro paupers, insane, or prisoners more recent than that gathered in 1890. As census inquiries on these topics are now in progress, no information regarding them has been incorporated in this bulletin. NATURE AND. ACCURACY OF RETURNS. Definition. — For census purposes a negro is a person who is so classed in the community in which he resides. The enumerator is supposed to know this fact or to ascertain it by observation or inquiry. No instructions regarding the basis of classification have been thought necessary, and no effort is made to apply what is prob- ably the only alternative definition of negro open to consideration, that employed in many state statutes prohibiting miscegenation, "a person with one-eighth or more of negro blood." Local opinion probably classes as a negro any one known or believed to have any trace of negro blood, even if it be less than one- eighth, and the definition of the census, if accurately followed, would probably class more persons as negroes than the prevalent definition of the statutes. In censuses prior to 1890 the word colored was generally used as synonymous with negro as above de- fined; in the census of 1890, and to some extent in that of 1900, the word colored was given a wider significance, including all persons not belonging to the Caucasian or white race, and embracing, therefore, not only the negroes, but also the Indians, the Chinese, and the Japanese. In the usage of the West India Islands the word colored means persons of mixed white and black blood. That the dislike and avoidance of the word negro among members of the African race is disappearing seems to be implied by current usage as indicated in the title of such books as Mr. W. E. B. Du Bois's "The Philadelphia Negro," and Mr. Booker T. Washington's "The Future of the American Negro." As this oppo- sition was the only known objection to the accurate term, the change of usage on the part of the census seems to be justified. At the censuses of 1850, 1860, 1870, 1880, and 1890 efforts were made to secure returns of mulattoes, and at all these censuses, except that of 1880, the results were published. The instructions to the enumerators on this point were as follows: ^ 1860. For filling the schedule for free inhabitants: In all cases where the person is white, leave the space blank; in all cases where the person is black, insert the letter B; if mulatto, insert M. It is very desirable that these particulars be carefully regarded. For filling the schedule for slave inhabitants: Insert in all cases, when the slave is black, the letter B; when he or she is a mulatto, insert M. The color of all slaves should be noted. 1860. No instructions known to have been issued. 1870: Be particularly careful in reporting the class Mulatto. The word is here generic, and includes quadroons, octoroons, and all persons having any perceptible trace of African blood. Important scien- tific results depend upon the correct determination of this class. 1880. Same instructions as 1870. 1890: Write white, black, mulatto, quadroon, octoroon, Chinese, Jap- anese, or Indian, according to the color or race of the person enumerated. Be particularly careful to distinguish between blacks, mulattoes, quadroons, and octoroons. The word "black" should be used to describe those persons who have three-fourths or more black blood; "mulatto," those persons who have three-eighths to five-eighths black blood; "quadroon," those persons who have one-fourth black blood; and "octoroon," those persons who have one-eighth or any trace of black blood. The accuracy of the census figures on mulattoes in 1850, 1860, 1870, and 1890 will be considered later. The census recognizes in the population of the United States four races which in the order of numer- 'F-ij^^l7 ^^ 9^°"^^ °* ^^^ United States Census, C. D. Wri<»ht and W. C. Hunt; pages 152, 153, 157, 171, and 187. NATURE AND ACCURACY OF RETURNS. 15 ical importance are white, negro, Indian, and Mon- golian. The last two combined constitute less than one two-hundredth of the population of continental United States, and in the Southern states where the negroes are most numerous the Indians and Mongolians are less than 1 per cent of the entire non-Caucasian population. To secure simplicity the following analysis will compare the results for whites and negroes, disre- garding the other races. In some cases where the fig- ures for negroes alone are not obtainable the figures for the three non-Caucasian races combined will be used. But this comparison will be made only when the slight error thus introduced is thought so small as not to aflfect the inferences drawn. Accuracy qfreturrts. — A census taken with reasonable care is admitted to be a more accurate determination of the population than any other source of information. For this reason it is almost impossible to ascertain how closely its results approximate the truth. My opinion is that in 1880, 1890, and 1900, the figures for total population were within half of 1 per cent of the truth. ' With reference to the negro population, how- ever, two considerations suggest that the probable error of the returns can not be deemed so small. Per- sons living outside of homes, so that the enumerators can not readily find them or gain information about them, constitute a larger proportion of the negro population than of the total population, and among such a class the probable error would be decidedly greater than the limit above named. Furthermore, the enumerator in classifying the families as negro or white must make some errors. When he classifies by observation alone (and it must be borne in mind that he usually sees personally only a small propor- tion, perhaps not more than one-fifth, of the persons about whom he reports), he must judge some fami- lies to be negro that are really white and some to be white that are really negro. It seems likely that errors of the latter sort would be more common than those of the former. If conscious and deliberate efforts to pad the returns, either for political purposes or in order to increase the pay of enumerators, were an im- portant factor in the census, this might work in the opposite direction, but there is no reason to believe that this cause of error has exerted an appreciable influence on the figures. Thus the only important causes of error affecting the figures for negroes seem to tend in the direction of an understatement of the true population. These reasons for believing that omissions in the enumeration of negroes are relatively more frequent than in the enumeration of whites derive some confir- mation from the following facts: In 2 counties of Maryland and 11 of the 19 enumeration districts in a third county, a careful reenumeration was had soon ' Twelfth Census, Bulletin 149, page 15. after the original count, in the effort to gather evidence upon which indictments of the enumerators for false and fraudulent returns might be based. The work was done under the direct and personal superintendence of officials trained in the bureau, and there is no reason to doubt the accuracy of their conclusions. The reenumeration ap- plied to a reported population of 62,940, and showed that among these, 1,654 or 2. 5 per cent had been omitted by the enumerators. It included 28,139 negroes, and of these, 1,049 or 3.7 per cent had been omitted. It included 34,801 whites, and of these, 605 or 1.6 per cent had been omitted. The oflSce sees no reason for extend- ing these per cents of omission to the country as a whole, but the fact that the per cent of negroes omitted was two and one-half times that of the whites may fairly be taken as some indication of the probable ratio of omis- sions between the two races in other parts of the coun- try. It is my personal belief that the enumeration of negroes in 1900 was within 2 per cent of the truth; that omissions were more frequent than duplicate entries, so that the published total is a slight understatement of the truth; and that the margin of error at earlier cen- suses was somewhat larger. Mulattoes. — While the probable error in the returns of the total negro population of the United States is not very great, the same can not be said of the returns of mulattoes and full-blooded negroes in 1850, 1860, and 1870, or of the returns of negroes, mulattoes, quadroons, and octoroons in 1890. The last inquiry was made under strict instructions from Congress, the census law provid- ing "That the population schedule shall include an in- quiry as to the number of negroes, mulattoes, quadroons, and octoroons." Regarding the results of this last in- quiry, the Eleventh Census said: " These figures are of little value. Indeed, as an indication of the extent to which the races have mingled, they are misleading.'" While no competent authoritj' will claim that a census can obtain trustworthy information regarding the intermix- ture of the two races in the detail in which it was called for by the law of 1889, yet it is not certain that the answers to the simple question about each negro whether he is of pure or of mixed blood would be erroneous in so many cases as to deprive the resulting tables of all value. The only available test of the trustworthiness of the results reached in 1850, 1860, 1870, and 1890 ' would be the degree to which they corroborated and confirmed one another. In order to ascertain this fact the following percentages have been computed, showing the per cent of mulattoes among all negroes in 1850, 1860, 1870, and 1890 for every state and territory which had in the year '^ Eleventh Census, Population, Part I, page xciii. ' The returns made in 1880 were never tabulated and published. Those made in 1850 were not published in the census of 1850, but may be found in that of 1870. The returns for 1860 were repub- lished with slight corrections in the census of 1870. The figures for 1850, 1860, and 1870 are found in Ninth Census, Population and Social Statistics, Table xxii, pages 607-615. The figures for 1890 are found in Eleventh Census, Population, Part I, Table 10, page 397. 16 NEGROES IN THE UNITED STATES. specified at least 1,000 negroes. The figures from which these percentages have been computed will be found in Table 56. Table I. — Per cent mulatto in total negro population: 1890, 1870, 1860, and 1850. STATE OB TEKRITOBY HAVINQ AT LEAST 1,000 PER CENT MULATTO IN TOTAL NEGEO POPULATION. NEGROES IN SPECIFIED YEAR. 1890 1870 1860 1850 IB. 2 12.0 'l3.2 11.2 23.2 17.3 24.0 22.0 32.7 28.6 28.6 24.8 57. 4 36.3 27.0 25.0 21.4 36.9 80.6 23.3 27.7 14.9 47.8 32.0 25.2 22.0 23.1 34.0 25.8 19.9 23.4 21.4 New York 21.7 15.1 23.9 13.4 10.7 11.6 19.7 10.4 15.9 13.7 88.6 11.9 16.6 15.4 Pennsylvania 28.6 Soutii Atlantic division 10.0 19.2 14.3 16.8 14.7 Delaware 12.5 15.9 26.2 19.8 28.6 11.0 9.8 13.6 18.5 14.1 24.1 8.3 13.8 14.6 38.0 } 17.0 9.1 8.5 13.0 29.7 Virginia 16.1 West Virginia Southern Soutli Atlantic 6.9 13.8 9.7 9.9 11.9 31.0 9.6 6.7 7.9 12.4 22.3 12.4 6.9 8.4 9.4 29.6 10.8 4.3 Georgia 6.3 Florida.. 9.3 27.9 Eastern North Central 87.2 29.2 46.9 62.0 42.5 30.2 29.3 63.8 58.8 25.3 28.2 28.6 25.6 45.7 24.4 16.0 45.6 47.7 47.1 49.6 62.9 20.4 66.4 47.2 Illinois 46.1 Michigan 43.3 Wisconsin . 15.9 Minnesota 46.2 29.8 23.6 31.7 26.5 14.0 Iowa 19.0 15.0 53.1 19.9 15.7 Kansas 22.3 11.8 South Central division . 12.3 10 13.6 11.1 11.7 19.4 17.3 11.4 11.5 14.6 20.1 9.4 8.8 10.2 13.1 20.1 14.8 8.3 8.6 13.5 14 6 Tennessee 9 8 6.8 Mississippi Western South Central. 13 2 16.3 12.8 27.5 13.5 39.2 16.6 10.1 13.6 12.7 Arkansas 14 2 11.0 36.6 13.8 37.8 13.6 Western division 23 4 Rocky Mountain 36.2 85.4 27.1 34.7 50.4 33.7 Colorado New Mexico . . Basin and Plateau 31.8 42.3 Pacific . . . 37.3 37.8 21 3 Washington 34.8 63.0 42.2 California 36.5 37.7 The figures warrant the belief that between one-ninth and one-sixth of the negro population of continental United States have been regarded by four groups of enumerators as bearing evidence of an admixture of white blood. The figures also indicate that this admix- ture was found by the enumerators to be most prev- alent in sections where the proportion of negroes to whites is smallest, and least prevalent where the propor- tion of negroes to whites is largest. In order to facili- tate the comparison of these results the 27 states and territories having at least 1,000 negroes in 1850 have been numbered in the order of increasing proportion of mulattoes to total negroes at each of the four cen- suses, 1850, 1860, 1870, and 1890. Thus the number 1 standing against the state of South Carolina in each of the four columns means that at each census the per cent of mulattoes to all negroes in South Carolina was less than in any other of the,27 states. Table II. — Ranh of states and territories in order of increasing per cent mulatto in total negro population: 1890, 1870, 1860, and 1850. STATE OE TEEEITOEY HA VINO AT LEAST 1,000 NEGEOES IN 1850. South Carolina Georgia Alabama Mississippi Florida Delaware Arkansas Texas North Carolina New Jersey Maryland Louisiana Tennessee Virginia Kentucky New York Missouri Pennsylvania Connecticut District of Columbia abode Island Illinois Indiana Massachusetts Ohio Michigan Maine EANK IN OEDEB OF INCEBAS- ING PEE CENT MDLATTO IN TOTAL NEGEO POPULATION. 1890 1870 1860 1850 Per cent negro in total popu- lation: 1890. 59.9 46.7 44.8 57. 6 42.4 16.9 27.4 21.8 34.7 8.3 20.7 60.0 24.4 38.4 14.4 1.2 6.6 2.1 1.6 32,8 2.1 l.B 2.1 1.0 2.4 0.7 0.2 The table seems to show that as a rule the states with the largest proportion of negroes to total population have the smallest reported proportion of mulattoes to total negroes. To this general rule Louisiana is a notice- able exception, that being third in order of proportion of negroes to population, but ranging from eighth to sixteenth in the order of proportion of mulattoes to negroes. As one passes from the great cotton growing states between South Carolina and, Texas toward the north, the proportion of mulattoes among the negroes as a rule increases. Doubtless the enumerators in the Northern states are less familiar with the racial charac- teristics of the negro and less able to judge of the ques- tion of intermixture of blood, but this hardly explains the difference. In order to eliminate the irregularities of the several states, the 9 minor geographic divisions DISTRIBUTION AND PROPORTION. 17 having at least 1,000 negroes in 1850 have been num- bered in the order of increasing per cent of mulattoes to total negroes at each census. Table III. — Bank of minor divisions in order of increasing per cent mulatto in total negro population; 1890, 1870, 1860, and 1860. MINOR DIVISION HAVING AT LEAST 1,000 NEGROES IN 1860. BANK IN ORDER OF INCREAS- ING PEE CENT MULATTO IN TOTAL NEGRO POPULATION. Per cent negro in total 1890 1870 1860 1850 popu- lation: 1890. Southern South Atlantic 1 2 3 i 6 6 7 8 9 1 2 3 4 6 6 7 8 9 1 2 3 4 6 6 7 9 8 1 2 3 4 7 5 8 9 6 45.6 Eastern South Central 33 Western South Central 29.1 Korthem South Atlantic 25.6 1.8 Western North Central 2.5 0.9 Eastern North Central 1.6 Pacific 8 The general conclusion seems warranted that the pro- portion of mulattoes to total negroes was found by the enumerators to be high or low, according as the pro- portion of whites to negroes is high or low. For two censuses, those of 1860 and 1850, the number of mulattoes is reported either by counties or separately for certain large cities. In order to ascertain whether the per cent of mulattoes to total negroes is greater in cities than elsewhere a computation has been made for certain cities or counties containing large cities in those years. The results are given in the following table: Table IV. — Per cent mulatto in total negro population: 1860 and 1860. AREA. PER CENT MU- LATTO IN TOTAL NEGRO POPULATION. AREA. PER CENT MU- LATTO IN TOTAL NEGRO POPULATION. 1860 18S0 1860 1860 Massachusetts: Suffolk Co. (Boston) . . . 38.3 29.9 3.3 19.5 20.3 32.6 34.3 32.7 19.2 13.3 14.1 23.1 12.3 21.4 16.9 25.2 5.5 18.1 8.2 20.5 15.0 16.8 3.5 23.0 6.0 Ohio: Hamilton Co. (Cin- 54.9 59.3 43.7 49.3 46.8 21.8 20.0 17.2 14.6 26.6 8.0 48.9 11.0 57.2 29.8 New York: New York city Kings Co. (Brooklyn) . . Cuyahoga Co. (Cleve- lUinois; Cook Co. (Chicago)... Pennsylvania: Philadelphia city Rest of state Kentucky: Jefferson Co. (Louis- ville) . . Missouri: St. Louis Co. (St. Louis) Delaware: Newcastle Co. (Wil- Tennessee: Shelby Co. (Memphis) Rest of state Alabama: Maryland: Baltimore Co. (Balti- 25.0 Rest of state .... * 6 3 Louisiana: New Orleans city Rest of state 46 1 Virginia: Richmond city 9.3 California: San Francisco city . . . Rest of state South Carolina* Charleston city Georgia: Rest of state 1 Includes West Virginia. From the preceding table the following inferences may be drawn: 1. In. cities lying within the great cotton grow- ing belt the proportion of mulattoes in 1860 and 1860 was far greater than in the rest of the state. Such cities are New Orleans, Mobile, Savannah, and Charleston. 2. In cities lying outside the cotton growing area and within the border states the proportion of mulattoes was usually somewhat greater than in the rest of the state, but the difference was by no means so marked as it was in the cotton growing area. Illustrations of such cities are Richmond, Memphis, Louisville, Balti- more, and St. Louis. The foregoing figures may be connected with the fact that before the Civil War the field hands in the cotton growing regions of the South associated with the whites much less intimately than the house servants, and that the latter class much more frequently than the former included a perceptible strain of white blood. Away from the cotton growing area the difference was less, but in the border states no small proportion of the slaves in the cities, many of them belonging to the class of household slaves, were infused with white blood. As a general result of the analysis of the census fig- ures on mulattoes, it appears that the censuses of 1850, 1860, and 1870 agree fairly among themselves, and fur- nish an index of some value regarding the intermixture of whites and blacks toward the close of the period of slavery. It can not be denied that the per cents of mu- lattoes to all negroes in some states differ so widely from census to census as to cast grave doubts upon the results. No one familiar with the facts would explain the apparent increase of mulattoes in Tennessee be- tween 1860 and 1860 and the decrease between 1860 and 1870 as both real. I do not believe that the reported number of mulattoes can be deemed to be within 10 per cent of the true number, and see no means of judging with confidence whether the reported number exceeded or fell short of the truth. Yet even so, it is a step away from ignorance to have the observation of many thou- sand enumerators at four independent inquiries as evi- dence that in the United States between one-ninth and one-sixth of the negroes were of mixed blood, while in Cuba one-half and in Porto Rico five-sixths have been so classed by the census.^ DISTRIBUTION AND PROPORTION OF NEGROES. Continental United States. — The total number of negroes reported by the Twelfth Census was 8,840,789 (Table 2). To this number may be added the 363,742 persons of pure or mixed negro blood in Porto Rico,^ making a total of 9,204,531 negroes under American jurisdiction. Further attention will be confined to the 8,833,994 negroes of continental United States, thus excluding those of Porto Rico and the few in Alaska, ' Census of Porto Eico, 1899, page 57. "Census of Porto Rico, 1899, page 56. 18 NEGROES IN THE UNITED STATES. Hawaii, and the military and naval service. This area has been divided by the Geographer of the Twelfth Census, Mr. Henry Gannett, into certain groups of adjoining states and territories, which will be fre- quently referred to in the discussion of the figures. Continental United States is first divided into 5 main divisions, and these are subdivided into 11 minor divi- sions by breaking the two Atlantic and the two Central divisions each into 2 and the Western division into 3. In most cases the minor division has been so named as to indicate the larger division of which it forms a part. The states falling into each division, main and minor, appear in the following list: NORTH ATLANTIC DIVISION. New England. Maine. New Hampshire. Vermont. Massachusetts. Bhode Island. Connecticut. Southern North Atlantic. New York. New Jersey. Pennsylvania. SOUTH ATLANTIC DIVISION. Northern South Atlantic. Delaware. Maryland. District of Columbia. Virginia. West Virginia. Southern South Atlantic. North Carolina. South Carolina. Georgia. Florida. NOETH CENTRAL DIVISION. Eastern North Central. Ohio. Indiana. Illinois. Michigan. Wisconsin. Western North Central. Minnesota. Iowa. Missouri. North Dakota. South Dakota. Nebraska. Kansas. SOUTH CENTRAL DIVISION. Eastern South Central. Kentucky. Tennessee. Alabama. Mississippi. Western South Central. Louisiana. Arkansas. Indian Territory. Oklahoma. Texas. WESTERN DIVISION. Basin and Plateau. Arizona. Utah. Nevada. Paciflc. Washington. Oregon. California. Rocky Mountain. . Montana. Idaho. Wyoming. Colorado. New Mexico. Map 2 shows the boundaries of the main divisions by solid lines, and the boundaries of the minor divisions, where they do not coincide with those of the main division, by broken lines, as along the Mississippi river from Minnesota to Louisiana, or at the western bound- ary of New England. Map 2.— MAIN AND MINOR GEOGRAPHIC DIVISIONS OF CONTINENTAL UNITED STATES. DISTRIBUTION AND PROPORTION. 19 While figures for continental United States will be presented, attention will be centered in many cases upon the South Atlantic and South Central states, in each of which, except West Virginia, Indian Territory, and Oklahoma, the negroes constitute at least 10 per cent of the population. This is true of no other state or terri- tory in continental United States. The negroes were distributed through the main and minor divisions in 1900 as follows: Table V. — Number and per cent distribution of negro population of continental United States, by division of residence: 1900. DIVISION. Negro population: 1900. Per cent of negropopu- lation of continen- tal United States living in speoifled division: 1900. Continental United States 8,833,994 100 North Atlantic division 386,020 4.4 New England 59,099 326,921 3,729,017 0.7 Poiltflipr" f^nrt:>i Atlfl.ntip. . 3,7 South Atlantic division . 42.2 Nonhem South Atlantic . . . . 1,066,684 2,672,833 495,751 12.0 Southern South Atlantic . . . SO. 2 North Central division 6.6 Eastern North Central 257,842 237,909 4, 193, 952 2.9 Western North Central 2.7 South Central division . 47.5 2,499,886 1,694,066 30,264 28.3 Western South Central . 19.2 Western division 0.3 12, 936 2,654 14,664 0.1 Basin and Plateau <^'oo Pacific 1 Less than one-tenth of 1 per cent. The preceding table shows that three-tenths of the negroes are found in the Southern South Atlantic states, nearly three-tenths more in the Eastern South Central, and nearly two-tenths in the Western South Central, these three regions having over three-fourths (YT.Y per cent) of the " entire negro population of continental United States. The Western states and the New Eng- land states have the smallest number, only 1.0 per cent of the negroes being found in these regions, which con- tain 12.8 per cent of the total population. States and territories. — In Table vi the states and ter- ritories are arranged in the order of decreasing number of negroes living therein in 1900: It shows that more than three-tenths of the entire negro population of the country are living in the 3 adjoining states of Georgia, Alabama, and Mississippi. These, together with the adjacent Atlantic coast states of Virginia and North and South Carolina, and the 2 Gulf states of Louisiana and Texas are the only states each having over half a million negroes in 1900. Taken together these 8 states contain nearly seven-tenths of all the negroes in the country. The states with the smallest number of negroes are as a rule those at the greatest distance from these states. Thus there are 19 of the 50 states and territories which have less than 10,000 negroes each and contain together less than one two-hundredth of the negro population of continental United States, although having more than one-eighth of the total population. These 19 states include all in the Western division except California, the 3 northern New England states, and Rhode Island, Wisconsin, Minnesota, the Dakotas, and Nebraska. Table VI. — Number and per cent distribution of negro population of continental United States, by state or territory of residence: 1900. STATE OR TEEBITOEY IN ORDER OF DE- CREASING NUMBER OP NEGROES. Continental United States . Georgia . Alabama . South Carolina Virginia Louisiana North Carolina Texas Tennessee Arkansas Kentucky Maryland Florida Missouri Pennsylvania New York Ohio District of Columbia . Illinois New Jersey Indiana Kansas West Virginia Indian Territory Massachusetts Delaware Oklahoma Michigan Connecticut Iowa California Rhode Island Colorado Nebraska Minnesota Wisconsin Washington Arizona New Mexico Montana Maine Oregon Wyoming Vermont Utah New Hampshire South Dakota Idaho North Dakota Nevada Negro population: 1900. Per cent of negro popu- lation of continental United States living in specified state or ter- ritory: 1900. ,034,813 907,630 827; 307 782, 321 660,722 660,804 624,469 620, 722 480,243 366, 866 284,706 235, 064 230, 730 161, 284 166, 845 99,232 96,901 86,702 86,078 69,844 57, 505 52,003 43,499 36,863 31, 974 30,697 18,831 15, 816 16,226 12, 693 11,045 9,092 8,670 6,269 4,959 2,542 2,514 1,848 1,610 1,623 1,319 1,105 940 826 672 662 465 293 286 134 Total of per cents in column 2, to and In- cluding specified state. 11.7 10.3 9.4 8.9 7.6 7.4 7.1 7.0 6.4 4.2 3.2 2.7 2.6 1.8 1.8 1.1 LI LO LO 0.8 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 11.7 22.0 3L4 40.3 47.8 65.2 62.3 69.3 74.7 78.9 82.1 84.8 87.4 89.2 9L0 92.1 93.2 94.2 95.2 96.0 96.6 97.2 97.7 98.1 98.6 98.8 99.0 99.2 99.4 99.5 99.6 99.7 99.8 99.9 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 1 Less than one-tenth of 1 per cent. 20 NEGROES IN THE UNITED STATES. The number of negroes in each of the 31 states and territories having at least 10,000 negroes in 1900 is indicated,to the eye by the following diagram more clearly than by Table vi. DIAGRAM 1. NEQRO population of each state and territory having at least 10,000 NEQROESS190(S HUNDREDS QF THOUSANDS OEORSn MtBSiaSIPVl ALABAMA fiOUTH CAROUHA VIRGINIA LOUISIANA JIOBTH OAROLUIA TEXAS TENNESSEE ARKANSAS ItENTUCKY MARYLAND FLORIDA MISSOURI PENNSYLVANIA HEW YORK OHIO DI6T. OF COLUMBIA CLLINOIS WEW JERflEY INDIANA KANSAS WEST VIRGINIA INDIAN TERRITORY MASSACHUSETTS DELAWARE. OKLAHOMA MICHIGAN CONNECTICUT IOWA CALIFORNIA ^■H ^ ^^ ■■■■* ■ ■ I I Table VII. — Negro population, and per cent negro in total popula- tion: 1900. STATE OR TERRITORY IN ORDER OF DECREASING PER CENT NEGRO IN TOTAL POPULATION. South Carolina Louisiana Georgia Alabama Florida Viiginia North Carolina District of Columbia Arlcansas Tennessee Texas Maryland Delaware Kentucky Indian Territory Missouri Oklahoma West Virginia New Jersey Kansas J*ennsylTanla Indiana Ohio Shode Island Illinois Connecticut Colorado Arizona New York Massachusetts Wyoming New Mexico California Michigan Iowa Montana Nebraska Washington Minnesota Nevada Oregon Idaho Maine New Hampshire Utah Vermont North Dakota South Dakota Wisconsin Negro popu- lation; 1900. 907,630 782,321 660, 804 1,034,813 827, 307 230, 730 660, 722 624, 469 86, 702 366,866 480, 243 620, 722 236, 064 30, 697 284,706 36, 863 161, 234 18,831 43, 499 69,844 52,003 166,846 67,505 96, 901 9,092 86,078 15, 226 8,570 1,848 99,232 31,974 940 1,610 11,046 15,816 12, 693 1,623 6,269 2,614 4,959 184 1,105 293 1,319 662 672 826 286 466 2,642 Per cent negro in total popula- tion: 1900. 68.6 58.4 47.1 46.7 45.2 43.7 35 6 33.0 31.1 28.0 23.8 20 4 19.8 16.6 13.3 9.4 6,2 4.7 4.5 3.7 3.6 2 6 2. .5 2.3 2.1 1.8 1 7 1.6 1.6 1.4 1.1 1,0 8 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.6 5 3 0.3 0.3 2 0.2 0.2 2 2 0.1 0.1 0.1 In Table vii the states and territories are arranged in the order of decreasing per cent negro in total population. Counties. — While the negro population centers in the coast states from Virginia to Texas, the counties with the largest negro population do not all lie in these states. On the contrary, the 3 counties with the largest number of negroes lie outside of this belt of states, and of the 28 counties each having more than 30,000 negroes in 1900, 9 lie outside the 8 states containing more than two- thirds of the negro population. This difference is due to the fact that there are in these 8 states few large cities, and, therefore, few counties with a very large population. The District of Columbia^ in area and characteristics is more like a county than a state or ter- ritory. Treating it as such it has more negroes than any other county or city in the country. It is closely followed by Shelby county, Tenn. , containing Memphis, and by Baltimore city, Md., both outside the 8 states already mentioned. The 28 counties having, the largest negro population in 1900 are given in Table viri. It is to be noted that the 28 counties include a num- ber of the largest cities of the country: Manhattan and Bronx boroughs of New York city, Chicago, Philadel- phia, St. Louis, Baltimore, Louisville, and Memphis. The total negro population of these 28 counties was 1,303,085, or 14.8 per cent of the negro population of continental United States, and 268,272 more than that of Georgia, the state with the largest negro popula- ^•"- The 28 counties constitute an area not much more tion. than one-fourth (28.5 per cent) as large as that of Geor- gia, the difference being due largely to the fact that several of these counties are urban counties and thus have a very high density of negro population. DISTRIBUTION AND PROPORTION. 21 Table VIII. — Negro population, for the S8 counties having at least SO, 000 negroes: 1900. COUNTY IN ORDER OF DE- CREASING NUMBER OP NE- GROES. Negro popu- lation: 1900. COUNTY IN ORDER OP DE- CREASING NUMBER OP NE- GROES. Negro lation; 1900. 1,303,085 41,442 41,267 39,531 38,616 38,353 36,616 83,902 32, 230 32,137 31,838 31 600 District of Columbia 86,702 84,773 79,258 77,714 62,613 60,312 56,917 52,207 45,632 45,372 44,143 43, 916 43,902 Hinds, Misa Shelby, Tenn New York, N.Y Baltimore city, Md Pbiladelphia, Pa Jefferson, Ala Beaufort S C Montgomery, Ala Cook, 111 Fulton, Ga Norfolk Va 81,197 30, 889 Washington, Miss . Lowndes, Ala 30, 662 Davidson, Tenn Warren, Miss 30,554 Figures for the absolute number of negroes in a county need to be supplemented by the proportion which the members of this race constitute of the entire popula- tion. The salient facts regarding this are best indicated by Plate 66 of the Statistical Atlas, which is reproduced as the frontispiece of this bulletin. It will be noticed that the settled area of continental United States is colored in six shades of brown, the darkest representing areas having at least 60 per cent of the population negro, the lightest area having less than 1 per cent negro. The plate shows the low proportion of negroes along the northern boundary and in various islands or enclaves elsewhere. The most conspicuous inclosed areas with less than 1 per cent negro are in northern Arkansas, southern Missouri, eastern Ken- tucky, and central West Virginia. Smaller areas, notable because lying near the region where the negroes are most numerous, are found in northern Georgia (Gilmer county) and in northern Alabama (Cullman and Winston counties). The area with more than three- fifths of the population negro includes an isolated group of counties in southeastern Virginia and northeastern North Carolina, most of South Carolina, and a band of counties stretching across central Georgia and south- central Alabama into Mississippi, where it nearly meets the broad band of counties extending along the lower Mississippi, mostly on the eastern side. There is also a small part of this area in northwestern Louisiana reaching into northeastern Texas (Harrison and Marion counties) . Other smaller areas may be noted on the map. The scale adopted in the frontispiece does not distin- guish those counties in which the negroes constitute one-half or more of the total population. In order to show these counties at successive censuses, sketch maps for 1860, 1880, and 1900 have been prepared, on which the counties having at least 50 per cent negro at the date specified have been shaded by parallel lines. Map 3.— counties HAVING AT LEAST 50 PER CENT NEGRO IN TOTAL POPULATION: 1860. I -—.1 22 NEGEOES IN THE UNITED STATES. Map 4.— counties HAVING AT LEAST 50 PEE CENT NEGEO IN TOTAL POPULATION: 1880. Map 5.— counties HAVING AT LEAST 50 PEE CENT NEGEO IN TOTAL POPULATION: 1900. DISTRIBUTION AND PROPORTION. 23 The Department of Agriculture has been engaged for fifteen years in defining the boundaries of the various life zones in the United States. It divides North America "into seven transcontinental belts and a number of minor areas, each of which is adapted to particular associations of animal and vegetable life. " These seven belts are Arctic, Hudsonian, Canadian, Transition, Upper Austral, Lower Austral, and Tropical. Most of the area of the United States is included in the Transition and the two Austral zones. Each of these three zones is divided by an approximately north and south line at about longitude 100° into an eastern or humid and a western or arid section. The eastern sec- tion of the Lower Austral zone is called the Austro- riparian. On the foregoing maps the northern and western boundaries of the Austroriparian life zone have been introduced from the latest published map of the Department of Agriculture.' "This is the zone of the cotton plant, sugar cane, rice, pecan, and peanut." Inspection of these maps shows that the northern and western boundaries of what may be called "the black belt," that is, the area wherein negroes constitute at least half the population, lie, in the main, in the Austroriparian life zone and show some tendency to coincide with and run parallel to its northern and west- ern boundaries. The maps also indicate that this rough coincidence was somewhat closer after thirty-seven years of emancipation than it was on the eve of the Civil "War. The one black belt county in Kentucky, the one in central Tennessee, and the two in northern Ala- bama, all lying outside the Austroriparian zone, disap- peared from the map by 1900. The boundaries of the two belts in eastern Maryland and Virginia more nearly coincided in 1900 than in 1860. The region in which the negroes are in greatest relative number may then be best defined in terms of these life zones. In the humid portion of the Lower Austral zone they consti- tute a larger proportion of the population than else- where in continental United States. The states partly or entirely within or south of the Austroriparian life zone had a population in 1900 of 33,828,402 and a negro population of 7,882,827. Of the negro population in these states 5,929,979, or 75.2 per cent, resided south of the line; of the other popu- lation, substantially all white, only 32.6 per cent lived below the line; or, the ratio may be indicated in this way: Below the line 41.2 per cent of the population is negro; above it in the states cut by the line only 10.1 per cent of the population is negro. 1 Department of Agriculture, Division of Biological Survey, Bul- letin 10. Life Zones and Crop Zones, frontispiece, by C. Hart Mer- liam. There are 55 counties in the United States in each of which at least three-fourths of the population are negroes. Arranged in order of decreasing proportion of negroes, they are as follows: Table IX. — Per cent negro in total population, jor the 65 counties hav- ing at least 75 per cent negro in total population; 1900. COUNTY IN OEDEE OF DE- CEEASINS PEE CENT NEGEO. Issaquena, Miss Tensas, La Madison, La EastCairoll, La Beaufort, S. C Tunica, Miss Washington, Miss. Coahoma, Miss Leflore, Miss Bolivar, Miss Sharkey, Miss Concordia, La Chicot, Ark Lowndes, Ala Greene, Ala West Feliciana, La Lee, Ga Noxubee, Miss Crittenden, Ark . . Dallas, Ala Smnter, Ala Dougherty, Ga Bullock, Ala Burke, Ga Desha, Ark Hale, Ala Macon, Ala Jefferson, Miss Per cent negro in total popula- 94.0 93.5 92.7 91.6 90.5 90.6 89.7 88.2 88.2 88.1 88.1 87.4 87.1 86.6 86.3 86.2 85.4 84.8 84.6 83.0 82.7 82.1 8L7 81.7 81.7 8L7 8L6 81.1 COUNTY IN ORDEK OF DE- CREASING PEE CENT NEGRO. Leon, Fla Wilcox, Ala Madison, Miss Wilkinson, Miss Berkeley, S.C Adams, Miss Phillips, Ark Perry, Ala Bossier, La Russell, Ala Claiborne, Miss Holmes, Miss JefEerson, Fla Lee, Ark Mcintosh, Ga West Baton Rouge, La Yazoo, Miss Marengo, Ala Quitman, Miss Georgetown, S. C Morehouse, La Warwick, Va Fairfield, S.C Lowndes, Miss Hinds, Miss Houston, Ga Sunflower, Miss Per cent negro in total popula- tion: 1900. 80.4 80.4 79.8 79.6 78.7 78.6 78.6 78.5 78.2 78.1 78.0 77.9 77.9 77.8 77.7 77.1 77.1 76.9 76.9 76.6 76.5 76.3 76.0 75.5 75.2 75.1 75.0 These 55 counties lie, 19 in Mississippi, 11 in Alar- bama, 8 in Louisiana, 5 in Arkansas, 5 in Georgia, 4 in South Carolina, 2 in Florida, and 1 in Virginia. The location of all of them except the one in Virginia is indicated on the following cut which shows clearly that the great region of predominant negro population lies along the lower Mississippi where 29 of these 55 coun- ties are situated: ^ Map 6. — Counties having at least 75 per cent negro in total populor tion: 1900. Physiographic divisions. — For certain purposes of analysis continental United States has been divided by the Geographer of the Twelfth Census, Mr. Henry Gannett, into 19 physiographic divisions, the bounda- ries of which coincide with boundaries of counties. A 24 NEOROES IN THE UNITED STATES. map of these divisions and a description of their char- acteristics will be found in Twelfth Census, Bulletin 149, pages 9 to 12. The following table gives the total population and the negro population of each of these divisions; also the per cent that the negroes make of the total population, and the per cent that the negroes in each division make of the total in continental United States: Table X. — TotaX population, negro population, per cent negro, and per cent distribution, for physiographic divisions: 1900. PHYSIOGRAPHIC DIVISION. Continental United States.. New England hills Coast lowlands Coastal plain (east ol Mississippi river) Piedmont region Appalachian valley Allegheny plateau LaJie region , Interior timbered region Mississippi alluvial region Prairie region Ozark hills , Coastal plain (west of Mississippi river) , Great plains Eocky Mountain Columbian mesas Great basin Plateau region Pacific valley Coast ranges , Total pop- ulation. 10,260,163 1,865,952 6,427,636 6,809,108 4,499,072 6,070,246 9,671,216 8, 129, 760 1,227,094 13,300,970 1,203,880 1,974,677 1,052,719 692,972 866, 768 375,345 201, 669 995,363 1,079,992 Negro pop- ulation. 8,833,994 137, 653 795,165 2,972,269 1,818,732 236, 782 189,267 70,640 628, 371 771, 486 466,416 57,478 664,567. 13,402 4,016 1,471 881 2,428 6,409 7,671 Per cent negro in total popula- tion. Per cent of the ne- gro pop- ulation of continen- tal United States liv- ing_ in specified division. 11.6 1.4 42.6 46.3 26.7 5.3 3.1 0.8 7.7 62.9 3.6 4.8 83.2 1.3 0.7 0.4 0.2 1.2 0.6 0.7 1.6 9.0 20.6 2.7 2.1 0.8 7.1 8.7 5.8 0.7 7.4 0.2 0.1 0.1 1 Less than one-tenth of 1 per cent. The table shows that the negroes are found mainly in the part of the Coastal plain east of the Mississippi and in the Piedmont region, more than half of the negro population living in these two divisions. There is no other division which has half as many as either of these. Next in Order of importance comes the Coast lowlands, where 795,155 negroes live, and the Missis- sippi alluvial region, where the number is a little less. These 4 physiographic divisions include more than seven-tenths of the negroes of the country. But if these divisions are considered with reference to the pro- portion that the negroes make of the total population of each, the order is different. There is only one, namely, the Mississippi alluvial region, in which the negroes outnumber the whites. In that division about five- eighths of the population are negro. In the Coastal plain east of the Mississippi and in the Coast lowlands over two-fifths of the population are negro, in the Coastal plain (west of the Mississippi) one-third, and in the Piedmont region over one-fourth. There is no other physiographic division in which the negroes con- stitute as much as one-tenth of the entire population. Center and median points of negro population. — The center of negro population may be defined as follows: If the surface of the United States be conceived as a rigid plane without weight, over which the negro popu- lation is distributed as reported by the census, and if each negro be assumed to have the same weight, then the point on which such a plane balances — in other words, the center of gravity oi such a system — is the center of negro population. The median point of the negro population is the point fixed by the intersection of an east and west line and a north and south line, each of which divides the negro population of the country into two equal parts. The lines running east, south, west, and north from the median point thus divide the negro population into four groups, which are equal in number. The inedian point differs from the center in that it is not influenced by the distance that a particular group of negroes is from it. The center of the negro population of continental United States in 1790, 1880, 1890, and 1900 and the cen- ters of the negro and the white population of the South Atlantic and South Central states in 1880, 1890, and 1900 are shown on Map 6. The center of negro population in 1880 was in north- western Georgia, in the eastern part of Walker county. Between 1880 and 1890 it moved souttiwestward about 23 miles to a point in the same county about 4 miles east of the Alabama line. Between 1890 and 1900 it moved about 11 miles farther southwestward into De- kalb county, northeastern Alabama, about 4 miles west of the Georgia line. The median point of the negro population in 1880 was also in northwestern Georgia, near the center of Bartow county, and about 34 miles southeast of the center of negro population at the same date. Between 1880 and 1890 the median point moved about 18 miles southwest into Floyd county, or slightly less than the movement of the center during the same decade. Between 1890 and 1900 it moved about 17 miles south- west into Polk county, Ga., about 4 miles east of the Alabama border. The total movement of the median point in the twenty years was about 35 miles southwest- ward, while that of the center was about 31 miles, the difference being due probably to the fact that a com- paratively small number of negroes migrating for some distance north and northeast to northern cities have exerted more influence in retarding the southwest movement of the center than of the median point. The center of negro population in 1790 lay in Din- widdle county, Va., 27 miles southwest of Petersburg. Between 1790 and 1900 the center moved southwest across North Carolina and Georgia, 476 miles to the point just described, its movement from 1790 to 1880 being 443 miles, or about 49 miles in each decade. The average decennial movement before 1880 was thus more than twice that between 1880 and 1890 (22 miles), as the movement 1880 to 1890 was twice that 1890 to 1900 (11 miles), showing a marked slackening in the rate of movement. DISTRIBUTION AND PROPORTION. 25 26 NEGROES IN THE UNITED STATES. The center of the white population of the Southern states has been for twenty years, and probably longer, in southern Tennessee. The center of the negro popu- lation of the Southern states has been southeast of that of the whites, in northern Georgia and Alabama. Map 7 shows to the eye a slight tendency to greater separa- tion between these centers. The centers of population for southern whites and southern negroes were 80 miles apart in 1880, 79 miles in 1890, and 94 miles in 1900. This increasing separation of the centers for the two races is the resultant of an acceleration of the southerly movement and a retardation of the westerly movement of the center for the negroes, and at the same time an acceleration of the westerly movement and a retardation of the southerly movement of the center for the whites. City and country. — ^The word city in this analysis, unless otherwise defined, means an incorporated place having at least 2,500 inhabitants, or a New England town of like size and not containing an incorporated place. ^ There are 32 cities in the United States, each of which had more than 10,000 negroes in 1900. Ar- ranged in order of their negro population, they are as follows: Table XI. — Negro population, for cities having at least 10,000 negroes: 1900. CITY. Negro popula- tion: 1900. CITY. Negro popula- tion:1900. 32 cities 946,966 Augusta, Ga 18,487 17, 667 17,229 Kansas City, Mo 86,702 79,268 77,714 62,613 60,666 49,910 39, 139 36,727 36,616 32,230 31,622 30,160 30,044 28,090 20,230 Mobile, Ala 17, 046 Pittsburg, Pa 17, 040 Birmingham, Ala 16, 575 16,236 16, 931 Little Rock, Ark 14, 691 14, 608 14, 482 Houston, Tex . Cincinnati, Ohio 11,591 Macon, Ga 11, 650 Petersburg, Va Wilmington, N. C These 32 cities have a total negro population of 946,956, or 10.7 per cent of the entire negro population of continental United States and 47.3 per cent of the negro population in all cities. Perhaps the most note-> worthy indication of the table is the large number of states (20) containing at least one such city. Every Southern state, except Delaware, West Virginia, Missis- sippi, Indian Territory, and Oklahoma, has at least one, and there are in addition 7 Northern states, Massachu- setts, New York, Pennsylvania, Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, and Missouri, of which the same is true. The negro population of cities may be considered with reference not to the number, but to the per cent of negroes the city contains. The number and per cent of negroes in the population of every city having at > Twelfth Census, Bulletin 149, page 19. least 25,000 inhabitants are given in Tables 30 and 53; those for every city of 2,500 to 25,000 inhabitants, ex- cluding such cities in the North and West as had less than 500 negroes, are given in Table 54. From an examination of these tables it will be seen that there are 72 cities in which negroes constitute at least half the population, and only 1 (Beaufort town, S. C, 78.3 per cent) in which they constitute three-fourths. On com- paring the number of these cities with the number of counties in which at least one-half and at least three- fourths of the population is negro,'' it appears that no cities in the United States are so predominantly negro as are many counties. This is true even of cities along the lower Mississippi. In the following table the per cent negro in the total population of each of the 13 cities having at least 2,500 inhabitants in the Mississippi alluvial region is com- pared with that of the remainder of the county in which the city is situated: Greenville, Washington county. Miss Greenwood, Leflore county. Miss Vicksburg, Warren county. Miss Helena, Phillips county, Ark Pine Bluff, Jefferson county. Ark Yazoo City, Yaaoo county. Miss Shreveport, Caddo parish. La Monroe, Ouachita parish. La Plaquemine, Iberville parish, La Alexandria, Rapides parish. La Opelousas, St. Landry parish. La Lafayette, Lafayette parish. La Jonesboro, Craighead county. Ark... PER CENT NEGKO IN TOTAL popula- tion: 1900. The city. 65.3 62.3 64.9 61.3 50.2 58.4 63.3 50.4 62.1 55.6 64.0 46.5 19.1 Rest of county. 94.2 92.0 85.9 83.2 81.6 79.6 77.7 66.8 65.3 53.3 SO. 2 40.9 2.3 The foregoing table includes every county of the Mississippi alluvial region which contained in 1900 a city having at least 2,500 inhabitants. In 9 of the 1-3 counties the per cent of negroes in the population is much less for the city than for the rest of the county. To this rule there is only one noteworthy exception — Craighead county, Ark. Negroes are relatively most numerous in Washington county, Miss., but even here the per cent for the city (65.3) is only about seven- tenths that for the rest of the county (94.2). The difference is undoubtedly due to the fact that a city is more highly organized industrially than an agri- cultural district, in it a greater number of occupations is represented, and higher degrees of knowledge, skill, and organizing power are required in the population! The negroes have not yet secured a standing on a level with the whites in these higher vocations, and thus no city, large or small, is manned with negroes so exclu- sively as many a country district. The difference is akin to that between the relatively simple agriculture in the South, especially where the negroes abound, and the more complex and diversified farming of the North. ^ Tables IX and 55. DISTRIBUTION AND PROPORTION. 27 Among cities having at least 25,000 inhabitants there are four with at least half of the population negro in 1900. They are Jacksonville, Fla. (57.1 per- cent negro); Montgomery, Ala. (56.8 per cent negro); Charleston, S. C. (56.5 per cent negro); and Savannah, Ga. (51.8 per cent negro). Passing now from consideration of individual cities to classes of cities and country districts, the negro pop- ulation of continental United States has been distrib- uted according to size of city of residence. For pur- poses of comparison the distribution of whites, Indians, and Mongolians between city and country, and among the 5 classes of cities, has been added. Table XII.— POPULATION CLASSIFIED BY RACE AND CLASS OF PLACE OF RESIDENCE, AND PER CENT DISTRI- BUTION: 1900. CLASS OP PLACE OP RESIDENCE. Num- ber of cities: 1900. pofulation: 1900. PER CENT DISTKIBUTION BY CLASS OF PLACE OF RESIDENCE: 1900. White. Negro. Indian. Mongolian. White. Negro. Indian. Mongolian. Continental United States 66,809,196 8,833,994 237,196 114,189 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Cities having at least 2,600 inhabitants 1,861 28, 506, 146 2,004,121 4,372 68, 772 42.7 22.7 1.8 60 2 cities having a population of — 100,000 and over 38 122 386 612 704 13,607,327 6,021,827 4,866,928 8,098,048 2,012,016 38,303,050 668,254 468,209 399, 296 274,492 193, 871 6,829,873 466 379 664 1,983 990 232,824 32,300 19, 660 7,110 5,670 4,142 45,417 20.2 7.6 7.3 4.7 3.0 67.3 7.6 5.3 4.5 3.1 2.2 77.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.8 0.4 98.2 28 3 26,000 to 100,000 17 1 8,000 to 26,000 4,000 to 8,000 2,500 to 4,000 3 6 Table xii shows that the per cent of negroes living in cities is smaller than that of whites or of Mongolians, but very much larger than that of Indians. Comparing the two races of greatest importance, the negro and the white, it appears that more than three-fourths of the negroes live outside of cities having at least 2,500 inhab- itants, while of the whites less than three-fifths live in country districts. The difference between the two is marked in each of the 5 classes of cities, but the greatest difference is in cities having at least 100,000 inhabitants. Among 1,000 negroes in continental United States 76 live in such cities, while for whites the corresponding number is 202. This difference between whites and negroes is mainly due to the fact that nine- tenths of the negroes (89.7 per cent) and only one-fourth of the whites (24.7 per cent) live in the South Atlantic and South Central sitates, and that only one-seventh (14.5 per cent) of the city popu- lation of the United States is found in that section.^ Whether this is a complete explanation of the differ- ence will appear when the comparison is limited to southern whites and southern negroes as in the follow- ing table: Table XIII. — Negro population and while population by class of place of residence, and per cent distribution, for the South: 1900. CLASS OP PLACE OF RESIDENCE. Num- ber of cities: 1900. popdlation: 1900. per cent distri- bdtion by class of place OF residence: 1900. Negro. White. Negro. White. South Atlantic and South Central divisions 7,922,969 16,621,970 100.0 100.0 Cities having at least 2,500 in- 367 1,364,796 3,051,916 17.2 18.5 Clties having apopulation of— 5 24 63 115 160 . 332, 723 366, 164 296,671 208,937 160,311 6,658,173 1,047,666 739,868 548,948 401,411 314,023 13,470,064 4.2 4.6 3.8 2.6 2.0 82.8 6.4 26 000 to 100 000 4.6 8 000 to 26 000 3.3 4 000 to 8.000 2.4 2 600 to 4 000 1.9 81.5 > Twelfth Census, Bulletin 149, Table 21. Table xiii shows that there is little difference between the two races in the Southern states. In each race nearly five-sixths of the population live outside the cities and towns of 2,500 inhabitants or more. The proportion of rural population is slightly larger among negroes, but the entire difference is due to the fact that the proportion of southern negroes living in the five cities of Baltimore, Washington, Louisville, Memphis, and New Orleans is slightly less than the proportion of southern whites. In the following table similar figures are given for the negro and white population of the North and West: Table XIV. — Negro population and white population by class of place of residence, and per cent distribution, for the North and West: 1900. CLASS OF PLACE OF RESIDENCE. Num- ber of cities: 1900. POPaLATION: 1900. PER CENT DISTRI- BUTION BY CLASS OF PLACE OP RESIDENCE: 1900. ■ Negro. White. Negro. White. North Atlantic, North Central, and Western 911,025 50,287,226 100.0 Cities having at least 2, 500 in- habitants 1,504 639, 325 25,454,280 70.2 60.6 Cities havingapopulatlon of— 33 98 322 497 554 335,531 102, 055 102,624 66,665 33,660 271, 700 12,459,661 4,281,959 4,317,980 2,696,637 1,697,993 24, 832, 996 36.8 11.2 11.3 7.2 3.7 29.8 24.8 26,000 to 100 000 8 6 8,000 to 25,000 8.6 4 000 to 8,000 5 3 2,600 to 4,000 3.4 49 4 The preceding table shows that in the North and West the negro is almost as preeminently a denizen of cities as in the South he is a denizen of country districts. In the North and West seven-tenths of the negroes and only half the whites live in cities having at least 2,500 inhabitants. The difference is most marked in the case of cities having at least 100,000 inhabitants, such cities including not quite one-fourth of the whites, but more than one-third of the negroes, the difference in this 28 NEGROES IN THE UNITED STATES. class of cities amounting to three-fifths of that for all cities. The distribution of the negro population between city and countrj'^ may also be analyzed by considering the per cent negro in the total population, in cities and in country districts. Table XV. — Total population, negro population, and per cent negro, hy class of place of residence: 1900. CLASS OF PLACE OF RESIDENCE. Continental United States Cities having at least 2,500 inhabitants Cities having a population of— 100,000 and over 25,000 to 100,000 8,000 to 25,000 4,000 to 8,000 2,500 to 4,000 Country districts 1900 Total pop- ulation. 30,583,411 14, 208, 347 5,609,965 5,273,887 3,380,193 2,211,019 46,411,164 Negro pop- ulation. 668,254 468,209 399,295 274, 492 • 193,871 6,829,873 Per cent negro in total popula- tion :1900. 4.7 8.5 7.6 8.1 15.0 The negroes, constituting about one-ninth of the total population, constitute only about one-fifteenth of the urban population and more than one-seventh of the rural population. They are relatively least numerous in the large cities, and with a single exception, in the case of cities of 25,000 to 100,000 inhabitants, the pro- portion of negroes increases as the transition is made from populous centers to country districts. These dif- ferences may be due entirely, as they certainly are in large part, to the fact that the cities, and especially the large cities, lie in most instances at a distance from the main residence section of the negro. In the following table, therefore, the facts are given separately for the South and the North and West: Tabls XVI. — Total population, negro population, and per cent negro, by class of place of residence, for the South and the North and West: 1900. CLASS OF PLACE OF RESIDENCE. South Atlantic and South Central division.s cities haying at least 2,500 inhabitants Cities haying a population of — 100,000 andover 25,000 to 100,000 8,000 to 25,000 4,000 to 8,000 2,500 to 4,000 Country districts North Atlantic, North Central, and Western ^divisions Cities having at least 2,600 inhabitants cities having a population of — 100,000 and over 28,000 to 100,000 8,000 to 25,000 4,000 to 8,000 2,500 to 4,000 Country districts Total pop- ulation. 24,623,527 4,420,885 1,381,830 1, 106, 723 846,404 611,218 474, 710 20,102,642 26,162,526 12, 826, 517 4,403,242 4,427,483 2,768,975 1,736,309 25,808,522 Negro pop- ulation. 7, 922, 969 1, 364, 796 332,723 366,154 296, 671 208, 937 160, 311 639, 325 335,531 102, 055 102, 624 65, 556 33, 560 271, 700 Per cent negro in total popula- tion :1900. 32.3 24.1 33.1 35.1 34.2 1.8 2.6 2.3 2.3 2.4 1.9 1.1 In the Southern states the per cent negro in the sev- eral classes of cities and in country districts, as in the region as a whole, is very close to one-third, the only exception being in the case of the five cities having at least 100,000 inhabitants, for which group the propor- tion falls to one-fourth. In the North and West the negroes constitute a proportion more than twice as high in cities as in country districts, and in general the smaller the cities the less the per cent of negroes in the population. In the following table the per cent negro in the popu- lation of each class of cities and in country districts is given for each Southern state and territory: Table XVII. — Per cent negro in total population of each doss of cities and of country districts: 1900. Per cent negro in the popu- lation of the state or ter- ritory: 1900. PER CENT NEGEO IN TOTAL POPULATION: 1900. Of cities having— STATE OE TEKEITO.RY. At least 2,500 inhab- itants. At least 100,000 inhab- itants. 25,000 to 100,000 inhab- itants. 8,000 to 25,000 in- habit- ants. 4,000 to 8,000 in- habit- ants. 2,600 to 4,000 in- habit- ants. Of coun- try dis- tricts. South Atlantic divi- 35.7 31.2 21.1 37.5 36.3 36.3 36.9 36.9 Northern South At- lantic 23.7 22.9 21.1 25.6 27.9 18.6 23.4 24 16.6 19.8 31.1 35.7 4.6 44.7 13.5 15.9 31.1 36.7 7.0 45.7 "ii'.K 31.1 12.7 19.6 24.-3 19.4 Maryland District of Co- lumbia 14.2 20.9 23.7 39.8 2.7 48.6 36.9 10.9 43.8 West Virginia . . . Southern South At- lantic 7.8 44 S 44. 6 ... „ 6.9 AA a 4.2 44.6 North Carolina . . 83.0 58.4 46.7 43.6 29.8 40.8 49.3 46.5 45.9 30.5 44.6 44.0 48.5 36.5 33.4 36.9 47.5 48.2 47.0 32.5 36.5 44.1 48.6 53.5 32.4 32 1 South Carolina . . Georgia 28.1 66.5 44.8 57.1 29.2 59.7 46.7 43.1 29.6 Florida South Central divi- sion Eastern.South Cen- tral 33.1 34.2 29.0 32.8 41.3 86.4 37.9 32.9 Kentucky Tennessee Alabama Mississippi 13.3 23.8 46.2 68.6 26.9 21.4 40.1 45.3 47.3 26.7 19.1 48.8 18.4 36.2 47.4 31.0 46.8 44.6 51.2 27.9 26.6 29.2 43.6 45.7 28.7 31.0 36.4 41.6 43.9 26.1 11.0 20.6 45.2 59.4 25.8 WesternSouthCen- tral 27.1 24.0 Louisiana Arkansas Indian Territory. 47.1 28.0 9.4 4.7 20.4 31.9 33.3 14.9 14.9 22.9 27.1 """S8.'4' 55.5 34.1 46.5 35.2 22.9 'n.s 46.3 21.0 8.5 7.0 29.9 52.6 27.6 9.1 3.7 Oklahoma 21.2 22.0 Texas 21.3 Among the 5 southern cities having at least 100,000 inhabitants, the largest per cent of negroes is found in Memphis (48. 8) , then Washington (31.1), New Orleans (27.1), Louisville (19.1), and Baltimore (15.6). In the group of southern cities having 25,000 to 100,000 inhab- itants, there are 4 with a higher per cent of negroes than any of these, namely, Jacksonville (57.1), Montgomery (56.8), Charleston (56.6), and Savannah (51.8). In the group of cities having 8,000 to 25,000 inhabitants, the largest per cent of negroes is found in Louisiana, where in both Baton Rouge (58.5) and Shreveport (53.3) more INCREASE. 29 than half the population is negro. The 12 cities in Georgia having between 4,000 and 8,000 inhabitants, have 48.2 per cent of their combined population negro. The 6 cities in Florida, having between 2,500 and 4,000 inhabitants, have 53.5 per cent of their combined pop- ulation negro. In South Carolina, Mississippi, and Louisiana more than half of the population of the country districts is negro. It is sometimes alleged that the migration to cities, which has characterized nearly all countries and all classes of population during the last half century, has affected southern whites more than southern negroes, and that the latter race is thus being segregated in the rural districts. That such a movement may have gone on or may be now in progress in parts of the South can neither be affirmed nor denied on the basis of the pres-- ent figures, but it may be said with some confidence that, as a general statement applied to the whole South, it is not correct. To be sure the negroes constitute 32.6 per cent of the population of the country districts in the entire South and only 30.9 per cent of the city population, but an examination of the figures in the preceding table for the several divisions and states will show that what is in some degree true of the South as a whole is not true of most of its parts. On the con- trary, the distribution varies according to local condi- tions. In Delaware, Maryland, South Carolina, Geor- gia, Mississippi, and Louisiana the negroes are most numerous in the country, but in the other Southern states the reverse is true, and in a number the differ- ence either way is so slight as to be insignificant. INCREASE OF NEGEOES. Continental United States. — Table xviii shows the negro population at each of the twelve censuses, the Qumerical increase, and the per cent of increase in each decade. It will be noticed that the series of increases is quite irregular, especially since the Civil War. An investigation made at the time of the Tenth Census established beyond question the fact that serious omis- sions, especially in the Southern states and among the negro population, vitiated the census of 1870, taken under a most unsatisfactory system and at a time when the disorganization following the Civil War was a seri- ous obstacle. To avoid the use of the inaccurate figures for that census, another column has been introduced showing the per cent of increase of the negro popula- tion for each twenty-year period during the nineteenth century. For purposes of comparison the correspond- ing per cents of increase of thp white population in each decade and each twenty -year period have been added. 4973— Bull. 8—07 3 Table XVIII. — Negro population and number and per cent of increase by ten and twenty year periods: 1790 to 1900. Negro popula- tion. INCKEA8E OF NEGEO POPULATION DUKINS— PEE CENT OF INCREASE OF WHITE POPULATION DUBING — CENSUS. Preceding ten years. Preceding twen- ty years. Pre- ceding ten years. Pre- ceding twen- ty years. Number. Per cent. Number. Per cent. Continental U.S.: 1900 8, 833, 994 7,488,676 7,470,040 6,680,793 4,880,009 4, 441, 830 3,638,808 2,873,648 2,328,642 1,771,656 1,377,808 1,002,037 757,208 1, 345, 318 18.0 2, 2.53, 201 34.2 21.2 53.9 18901 18902 889,247 1,700,784 438,179 803, 022 765,160 645, 006 566,986 393, 848 375, 771 244,829 13.5 34.9 9.9 22.1 20.6 23.4 31.4 28.6 37.5 32.3 26.7 29.2 24.8 37.7 37.7 34.7 33.9 34.2 36.1 35.8 1880 2,138,963 48.2 6i.2 1870. 1860 1,568,182 54.6 89.7 1850 1840 1, 101, 992 62.2 80.5 1830 1820 769,619 76.8 82.7 1810 1800 1790 1 Includes population of Indian Territory and Indian reservations. 2 Excludes population of Indian Territory and Indian reservations. The highest rate of increase for the negro population was during the decade from 1800 to 1810, a decade including the last eight years of the period during which the importation of slaves was authorized by law. This maximum rate of increase may be compared with those of the whites between 1840 and 1850, and 1850 and 1860, when the large immigration from Europe was probably a more potent influence upon the increase of white population than at any earlier or later period. It is noteworthy that in every decade, except that be- tween 1800 and 1810, probably affected by the slave trade, and that between 1870 and 1880, certainly affected by the errors in the earlier census, the decennial rate of increase of the white population has been greater than that of the negroes. Confining attention to the per cents of increase for twenty-year periods, it ap- pears also that those for the negroes steadily declined throughout the nineteenth century, while those for the whites were highest during the period from 1840 to 1860, but have declined since that time. The decrease of 14 in the per cent of increase of the negroes during the twenty years, 1880 to 1900, when compared with that during the twenty years, 1860 to 1880, is also much greater than the corresponding decrease (7.3) in the rate of growth among the whites. The objection to such comparisons, that the white population is concentrated in the North and West and the negro population in the South, that until the last ten years the rate of growth of the North and West has been uniformly more rapid than that of the South, and that the less rapid rate of growth on the part 30 NEGROES IN THE UNITED STATES. of the negro race may be due to the differences between the sections, rather than to any differences between the races themselves, deserves attention. To determine its validity, the comparison has been limited in Table xix to the Southern states. Table XIX.— JVcjrro population and number and per cent of increase by ten and twenty year periods, for the South: 1790 to 1900. Negro popula- tion. JNCKEASE OP NEGRO POPULATION DUPING— PER CENT OF INCREASE OF WHITE POPULATION DURING — CBNBCS. Preceding ten years. Preceding twen- ty years. Pre- ceding ten years. Pre- ceding twen- ty years. Number. Per cent. Number. Per cent. South Atlantic and South Cen- tral divisions: 1900 7,922,969 6,760,577 6,741,941 5,953,903 4,420,811 4, 097, HI 3,352,198 2,641,977 2,161,885 1,642,672 1,268,499 918,336 ■ 689,784 / 1,162,392 17.2 1,969,066 33.1 25.2 66.5 18901 1890 2 . 788,038 1,533,092 323,700 744,913 710,221 480,092 619,213 374,173 360, 163 228,662 13.2 34.7 7.9 22.2 26.9 22.2 31.6 29.5 38.1 33.1 23.9 34.2 11.8 24.9 30.7 21.6 27.7 26.7 28.6 34.0 1880 1,856,792 45.3 60.1 1870 I860 1,466,134 B5.1 63.2 I860 1840 999,305 60.8 55.2 1830 1820 724,336 78.9 63.0 1810 1 Includes population of Indian Territory and Indian reservations. 2 Excludes population of Indian Territory and Indian reservations. If attention be confined to the twenty-year periods one notices that the rate of increase for the negro pop- ulation of the Southern states declined steadily through- out the nineteenth century, its per cent of increase, 1880 to 1900, being less than half what it was 1800 to 1820. The rate of increase of the southern whites has been very different. From 1800 to 1840 it was less than that of the negroes, both for each twenty -year period and for each decade. From 1840 to 1900, with the apparent but probably not real exception of 1870 to 1880, the per cent of increase of southern whites in each decade has been greater than that of negroes. Neither is any clear tendency to a declining rate of growth traceable for the whites. On the contrary the increase, 1880 to 1900, was greater not merely than 1860 to 1880, including the Civil War, but also greater than 1820 to 1840. During the last twenty years the per cent of increase of south- ern whites has been fully seven-tenths greater than that of southern negroes. If the per cents during sixty years of slavery, 1800 to 1860, and forty years, mainly of freedom, 1860 to 1900, be compared, it appears that from 1800 to 1860 the southern whites increased 312.9 per cent and the southern negroes 346.1 per cent; but 1860 to 1900 the southern whites increased 134.9 per cent and the southern negi'oes 93.4 per cent. A similar comparison has been made excluding the Southern states west of the Mississippi river. Table XX shows the increase of negroes and whites for this area by ten and twenty year periods through the last century: Table XX. — Negro population and number and per cent of increase by ten and twenty year periods, for the South east of the Mississippi: 1790 to 1900. i Negro CENSUS. South Atlantic and Eastern South Central divisions: 1900 6,228,903 5, 382, 487 4,866,198 3,880,967 3,462,668 2, 983, 661 2,427,623 2,030,870 1,561,456 1,226,254 918,336 689,784 1890 1880 1870 1860 I860 1840 1830 1820 1810 1800 1790. . .. INCREASE OF NEGRO POPULATION DURING— Preceding ten years. 846, 616, 1,185, 228, 468, 556, 396, 469, 335, 307, 228, 416 Per cent. 1.5.7 10.6 32.2 6.6 16.7 22.9 19.5 30.1 27.3 33.5 33.1 Preceding twen- ty years. Number. 1,362,705 28.0 1,413.640 40.9 1,024,936 42.2 866, 167 65.5 643,120 70.0 Per cent. PER CENT OP INCREASE OP WHITE POPULATION DURING— Pre- ceding ten years. Pre- ceding twen- ty years. 18.7 19.1 26.4 10.8 17.3 24.2 18.7 27.5 24.7 26.6 34.0 41.4 45.6 61.4 The same results appear for this area as for the entire South. At each decade between 1800 and 1840 the per cent of increase of negroes was greater than that of whites; at each later decade with the doubtful exception of 1870 to 1880 the per cent of increase of whites was greater than that of negroes. It is difficult to under- stand the apparent fact that the per cent of increase of the negroes, 1890 to 1900, was greater by 5.1 than 1880 to 1890, while the per cent of increase of the whites in the same region was 0.4 less in the later decade than in the earlier. If one suppose that the census of 1890 failed to include a decidedly larger proportion of negroes at the South than that of 1880 or 1900, it would be the simplest and most obvious explanation of the facts. While firmly convinced by a careful inde- pendent examination of the evidence that the Eleventh Census was substantially accurate for the country as a whole, I believe that the possibility of serious omis- sions in the count of negroes in 1890 is not to be left out of account. Judgment on this point must be reserved till more evidence comes to light. Main geographic divisions. — For reasons already assigned it seems best to study the increase of negro population by twenty-yefir periods. The figures for each ten-year period will be found in Table 3. Those for each twenty-year period are given in the following INCREASE. 31 table, and for purposes of comparison the corresponding rates for the whites have been introduced: Table XXI. — Per cent of increase by twenty-year periods, for the negro and the white population, by main geographic divisions: 1800 to 1900. North Atlantic: Negro population. White population. South Atlantic: Negiro population White population North Central: Negro population White population South Central: Negro population White population Western: Negro population White population PEE CENT OF INCREASE. 1880 to 1900 67.8 44.6 26.8 44.1 28.6 52,0 66.; 165.3 140.2 1860 to 1880 47.1 36.7 42.9 40.8 109.3 90.6 47.8 164.6 192.8 1840 to 1860 9.6 57.7 106.2 172.8 95.2 1820 to 1840 28.5 66.8 25.4, 30.2 389.3 287.9 182.9 100.3 1800 to 1820 48.1 26.3 2. 775. 6 1. 569. 7 629.7 257.3 In the North Atlantic states the twenty -year increase of negroes was at a decreasing rate from 1800 to the date of the Civil War, but since that time the rate has increased, and for the last ten years was more than twice that of the whites. But even now the negroes constitute less than 2 per cent of the population. They are most numerous relative to total population in New Jersey, but Maine, New York, and Pennsylvania are the only states in which their per cent of increase, 1890 to 1900, was twice that of the whole population. In the South Atlantic states the maximum rate of increase was from 1800 to 1820, due to the rapid importation of slaves just before the slave trade was declared illegal in 1808. A second maximum was reached in 1860 to 1880. In the other twenty -year periods the rate of increase has been about the same. In the North Central division the highest rates of increase of the negroes were in the periods 1800 to 1820 and 1820 to 1840, and the rate from 1860 to 1880 was greater than that in the twenty years immediately preceding the Civil War. The decrease in rate of growth in that division during the last twenty years has been very marked, the per cent of increase from 1880 to 1900 being little more than one-fourth of that during the preceding twenty years. This is due in part to the rapid checking of ^e rate of growth in the whole population, but only in part, for while from 1860 to 1880 the rate of increase of the negroes in that section was greater than that of the whites, from 1880 to 1900 it was little more than half as great. In the South Central division the per cent of increase of the negroes was at its maximum during the first twenty years of the nineteenth century, and at its minimum during the last twenty years. In the white population of this section the rate of increase declined from 1800 to 1880, but for the last twenty years the increase of whites was greater than from 1860 to 1880. The concentration of increase of negroes relative to that of whites in the southern belt of states and in scat- tered urban counties of the North is well indicated by Map 8, on which the shaded area is that of counties hav- ing a larger proportion of negroes in 1900 than in 1880 and having at least 1,000 negroes in 1900. Map 8.— counties HAVING A HIGHER PER CENT NEGRO IN TOTAL POPULATION IN 1900 THAN IN 1880 AND HAVING AT LEAST 1,000 NEGROES IN 1900. 32 NEGROES IN THE UNITED STATES. City and country. — The city population of the United States increases, not merely by the increase of popula- tion within the limits of incorporation, but also by annexation of territory as the areas of dense population extend, and by the appearance of new cities. It is impracticable under present conditions to make allow- ance for changes of municipal boundaries, usually by annexation of territory, but the increase of city population may be analyzed in two ways, one disre- garding and the other regarding the rise of new city centers. By the former method city population is taken to include all those living in cities having at least 2,500 inhabitants at the specified date; and the increase of city population, 1890 to 1900, would be the differ- ence between the total population of the 1,490 such cities in 1890 and the 1,861 such cities in 1900. By the latter method the classification of a place is deter- mined by its population in 1900 and the increase of city population would be the increase, 1890 to 1900, in the population of the 1,861 cities which in 1900 had at least 2,.500 inhabitants. Both methods have been applied to the study of the increase of the negro population in city and country, but with slight modifications. In 1880 the negro popu- lation was not separately reported for cities having less than 4,000 inhabitants, and for this reason when a study of increase for the last two decades is to be made the limit must be drawn at a population of 4,000 in 1880. In 1890 and 1900 the negro population was not separately reported for places of less t^ian 2,500 inhab- itants. The second method of analyzing increase for that decade, accordingly, can be applied only to those places which had more than 2,500 inhabitants at each date, excluding all which crossed that limit in either direction between 1890 and 1900. The negro and white population of cities and of coun- try districts in 1890 and 1900 and the decennial increase are given in Table xxii: Table XXII.— NEGEO POPULATION AND WHITE POPULATION, AND NUMBER AND PEE CENT OF INCREASE, FOE CITY AND COUNTRY: 1900 AND 1890. NDMBEB POPULATION. IKCKEA3E OP POPULATION: 1890 TO 1900. CITIES. Negro. White. Number. Per cent. 1900 1890 1900 1890 1900 1890 Negro. White. Negro. White. 8,833,994 7,488,676 1 66,809,196 55,101,258 1,345,318 11,707,938 18.0 21.2 1,861 1,490 2,004,121 6,829,873 1,482,661 6,006,025 • 28, 506, 146 i 38, SOS, 060 21,011,367 34,089,891 621,470 823,848 7,494,779 4,213,159 35.2 13.7 35.7 12.4 1 The preceding table shows that the negro population of cities is increasing more than two and one-half times as fast as the country districts and that its rates of increase correspond very closely with those for the whites, being in the country districts a little greater and in the cities a little less. But the conditions affect- ing increase in the North and South are so diverse that the figures for the South alone must be added. They are given in Table xxiii: Table XXIII.— NEGEO POPULATION AND WHITE POPULATION, AND NUMBEEAND PEE CENT OF INCEEASE, FOE CITY AND COUNTEY IN THE SOUTH: 1900 AND 1890. ^UMBEE or CITIES. POPULATION. INCREASE OF POPULATION: 1890 TO 1900. Negro. White. Number. Per cent. 1900 1890 1900 1890 1900 1890 Negro. White. Negro. White. South Atlantic and South Central divl- 7,922,969 6,760,577 16,621,970 13, 193, 463 1,162,392 3,328,517 17.2 25.2 357 265 1,364,796 6,558,173 1,035,494 5,725,083 3,061,916 13,470,054 2,232,428 10, 961, 026 329,302 833,090 819,488 2,509,029 31.8 14.6 The negro population of southern cities increased 31.8 and that of whites 36.7 per cent, a large part of this increase being due to the increase of 102 in the number of cities. Meantime the increase of negroes in the country districts was 14.6, and of whites 22.9 per cent. The difference between city and country in the case of the negroes was much greater than it was in the case of the whites. In the country districts of the South the negroes increased about two-thirds as fast as the whites; in the cities they increased nearly seven-eighths as fast. Under the method of studying increase thus far em- ployed it is impossible to determine how much or what sort of influence was exerted upon the figures by the INCREASE. 33 102 southern cities which passed the 2,500 limit between 1890 and 1900. The second method of analysis, where- in the number of cities is the same at both censuses, is, therefore, of greater importance for present purposes. Under this method the study must be limited, as already explained, to the cities having at least 2,500 inhabitants in both 1900 and 1890. There are 242 such cities in the South. The figures for these cities and the country, districts in the South are as follows: POPULATION. INCREASE OF POPULATION: 1890 TO 1900. Negro. White. Number. Per cent. ■ 1900 1890 1900 1890 Negro. White. Negro. White. 7, 922, 969 6, 760, 677 16,521,970 13,193,453 1,162,392 3, 328, 517 17.2 25.2 242 citlea . . . 1,245,990 6, 676, 979 1,023,583 5,736,994 2,790,228 13,731,742 2,206,431 10,987,022 222,407 939, 986 583,797 2,744,720 21.7 16.4 26.5 25.0 The foregoing figures show that negroes in the 242 southern cities increased 1890 to 1900 nearly one-third faster than negroes in the country districts. But in country districts of the South negroes increased only two-thirds as fast as whites. The table brings out the striking fact that the white population of the South is increasing in the country almost as rapidlj' as in the cities, and that what difierence there is between city and country increase in the South is due almost entirely to the more rapid increase of negroes in the cities. In the following, the figures are shown for the 242 cities classified by size in 1900: Num- ber o£ cities. POPULATION. INCREASE OF population: 1890 TO 1900. Negro. White. Number. Per cent. 1900 ISOO 1900 1890 Negro. White. Negro. White. 7,922,969 6,760,577 ir,, 521, 970 13, 193, 453 1,162,392 3,328,517 17.2 25.2 Cities having at least 2,500 Inhabitants in 1900 and 1890... 242 1,245,990 1,023,583 2, 790, 228 2,206,431 222,407 683,797 21.7 26.5 Having in 1900 a population of— 6 24 63 96 54 332, 723 366,164 296,671 183,286 67, 167 6,676,979 264,524 304,863 249,663 142,303 62,180 5,736,994 1,047,666 739,868 548,948 340,840 113,406 13,731,742 867, 437 593,073 402,649 213, 246 100,026 10,987,022 68, 199 61,301 47,008 40, 922 4,977 939, 986 180,229 146,795 146,299 97,094 13,380 2, 744, 720 25.8 20.1 18.8 28.7 8.0 16.4 20.8 25 000 to 100,000 24.8 8,000 to 25,000 36.3 4 000 to 8 000 39.9 2 500 to 4 000 13.4 25.0 These figures show that the negro population U increasing most rapidly in the large cities and in those of 4,000 to 8,000 inhabitants. The cities having at least 100,000 inhabitants are the only class of southern cities in which the increase of negroes is more rapid than that of whites. There are in the South 5 such cities — Baltimore, Washington, Louisville, Memphis, and New Orleans — and the rates of increase of negroes and whites in each were: Negro population. Baltimore . . . Washington . Louisville . . . Memphis New Orleans PER CENT OF INCREASE: 1890 TO 1900. 18.1 14.7 36.6 73.9 20,6 White population. 25.0 46.6 17.8 These figures indicate that the negroes have increased faster than the whites in every large southern city ex- cept Washington. The following table shows for con- tinental United States the increase of negroes and of whites in the 38 cities having at least 100,000 inhabit- ants in 1900 and in the rest of the country: Continental United State- 38 cities- Negro , White Rest ol country- Negro White POPULATION. 668,264 13, 507, 327 8, 165, 740 63,301,869 484,346 10,181,905 7, 004, 330 44,919,363 INCREASE OF POPULA- TION: 1890 TO 1900. Number. 183, 908 3,325,422 1,161,410 8, 382, 516 Per cent. 38.0 32.7 16.6 18.7 These figures show that in the large cities of the country as a whole negroes are increasing at a some- what higher rate than whites. This is the more note- worthy both because in the country as a whole and in the country outside these cities the increase of negroes is somewhat slower than that of whites and also because 33 of these 38 large cities lie outside of the Southern states, in which nearly nine-tenths of the negroes live, so that the rapid increase of their negro population must involve in many cases long-distance migration. 34 NEGROES IN THE UNITED STATES. SEX. Continental United States. — Table 6 shows that in continental United States there were a few more females than males among the negro population. Computing the proportions, it will appear that in every 1,000 negroes there were on the average 497 males and 503 females, or an excess of 6 females in each 1,000. The difference is slight, but it is noteworthy that the negro race is the only one in continental United States of which this is true. Among the whites there are 512 males and 488 females in each 1,000 of population, or an excess of 24 males. Among the Mongolians — that is, the Chinese and Jap- anese—there are 952 males and only 48 females, or an excess of 904 males in each 1,000. It might be said that for each of these classes the difference is due to immigration, and that the negroes have a slight excess of females because the negro immigration since 1808 has been insignificant. No such explanation, however, would apply to the Indian population, and yet among them there are 504 males and 496 females to each 1,000, or an excess of 8 males. Neither would it apply to the native white, and yet among 1,000 of these there are 507 males and only 493 females, or an excess of 14 males. The evidence, therefore, seems to indicate that the negroes, unlike the Indians and the native whites, have a slight preponderance of females. The examina- tion of the figures in Table 6 in detail shows that this slight excess of females is found in both Atlantic divi- sions and in the South Central division, while in the North Central and Western divisions there is an excess of males. In every state west of the Mississippi except Louisiana and Texas the male negroes outnumber the female. The same is true of every state north of the Ohio. In addition to these one finds there was a greater number of males in Maine, Vermont, Pennsylvania, Delaware, West Virginia, and Florida. It is clear that the preponderance of males is due largely to the fact that they are the more migratory sex and therefore are found in greater numbers in regions where the negro population is maintained mainly by immigration rather than by the rearing of children. To certain regions, especially those containing a large city population, negro women have migrated apparently in somewhat larger numbers than the men. City and country. — The negro population of conti- nental United States has been reported with distinction of sex for all cities having at least 2,500 inhabitants. The contrast between city and country is shown in the following table: Table XXIV. — Negro population classified by sex and per hution by sex, for dty and country: 1900. cemtdistri- NEGRO population: 1900. Total. Male. Female. Per cent male. Per cent fe- male. Continental United States. 8,833,994 4,386,547 4,447,447 49.7 50.3 Cities having at least 2,500 2,004,121 6, 829, 873 936,731 3,449,816 1, 067, 390 3,380,057 46.7 50.5 53.3 49.5 The preceding figures show that in the cities of conti- nental United States, taken collectively, female negroes outnumber the male by 66 per thousand of total negro population, and in the country districts, on the con- trary, male negroes outnumber female by 10 per thou- sand, or a difference between city and country of 38 per thousand. The same difference holds for the white race, but in a far less degree, Table xxv showing a differ- ence between city and country of only 25 per thousand. Table XXV. — While population classified by sex andper cent distri- bution by sex, for city and country: 1900. ■WHITE population: 1900. Total. Male. Female. Per cent- male. Per cent fe- male. Continental United States. 66,809,196 34,201,735 32,607,461 51.2 49.8 52.3 48.8 Cities having at least 2,600 inhabitants 28,506,146 38,303,060 14,187,311 20,014,424 14,318,835 18,288,626 60 2 Country districts 47.7 In the following table the per cents for 1890 are brought into comparison with those for 1900. But in order to make the comparison exact, the figures for all non-Caucasians— that is, the negroes, Indians, and Mon- golians — have been used for both dates, those for negroes alone not having been separately tabulated in 1890. Table XXVI. — Per cent distribution of the negro, Indian, and Mon- golian population by sex, for city and country: 1900 and 1890. NEGEO, INDIAN, AND MONGOLIAN POPU- LATION. 1900 1890 Per cent male. Per cent female. Per cent male. Per cent female. Continental United States 60.2 49.8 50.6 49.4 Cities having at least 2,500 inhabitants Country districts. . . 48.3 50.8 51.7 49.2 48.9 51.0 51.1 49.0 AGE. 35 The foregoing figures show that in 1900, counting the negroes, Indians, Chinese, and Japanese together there are in the cities per thousand of population 34 more fe- males than males, and that the diiference in this respect has increased rapidly since 1890, when it was only 22 per thousand. Among the non-Caucasians in the country districts at each census there was an excess of males, but the excess was slightly less in 1900 than in 1890 (16 per thousand in 1900 as compared with 20 per thousand in 1890). The net result of these changes was to accen- tuate slightly the difference between city and country, which was 21 per thousand in 1890 and 25 per thousand in 1900. The figures of the above table are complicated by the massing of the city population in the North and West and of the negro population in the South. To avoid error from that source the comparison has been limited to the South. Table XXVII. — Negro population classified by sex and per cent dis- tribution by sex, for city and country in the South: 1900. NEGRO population: 1900. Total. Male. Female. Per cent male. Per cent fe- male. South Atlantic and South Central divi- 7,922,969 3,925,404 3,997,565 49.5 50.5 Cities having at least 2,500 inhabitants 1,364,796 6,558,173 622.609 3,302,895 742,287 3,255,278 45.6 50.4 54.4 Country districts 49.6 The foregoing figures show that when attention is confined to negroes in the South, the difference bet ween city and country is more marked. In the negro popu- lation of southern cities there are 119,778 more females than males; in the country districts there are 47,617 more males than females. Among each 1,000 negroes in southern cities there are 88 more females than males; among each 1,000 negroes outside the cities there are 8 more males than females. The corresponding excess of female whites in southern cities is 12 per thousand; that of male whites in southern country districts is 28. The great difference between city and country for the negroes is probably due in large part, but not entirely, to the fact that employment in cities ia more easily found by negro women than by negro men. In order Jo get light upon the changes during the decade 1890 to 1900, the per cents for negroes, Indians, and Mongolians, the only figures available for 1890, have been obtained. Table XXVIII. — Per cent distribution of the negro, Indian, and Mon- golian population by sex, for city and country in the South: 1900 and 1890. NEGEO, INDIAN, AND MONGOLIAN POPULATION. 1900 1890 Per cent male. Per cent female. Per cent male. Per cent female. South Atlantic and South Central divi- 49.6 50.4 49.8 50.2 Cities having at least 2,600 inhabitants 45.7 50.4 54.3 49.6 46.0 50.5 54 Country districts 49.5 The figures show that the excess of females among the city non-Caucasians of the South has slightly in- creased, from 80 per thousand in 1890 to 86 per thousand in 1900. In the country districts there was at each census an excess of males which was, however, slightly less in 1900 (8 per thousand) than in 1890 (10 per thou- sand). The net result of these changes was to increase a little the dissociation of the sexes among the non- Caucasians, the difference between city and country in 1890 being 45 per thousand and in 1900, 47 per thousand. AGE. Differences in figures for 1890 . — The general enumer- ation in 1890 did not include the population of Indian Territory and the Indian reservations. The population of those areas (white, 117,368; negro, 18,636; Indian, 189,447; Chinese, 13) was enumerated by the special Indian census, and the classifications by sex and race were made, but information regarding age, birthplace, illiteracy, conjugal condition, and occupations was not returned. In the preceding topics, therefore, the fig- ures for 1890 exclude the population of Indian Territory and Indian reservations. This explains certain differ- ences between the following tables and those that pre-, cede. Thus, in Table xliii (page 47) the negro popula- tion in 1890 is stated as 7,470,040, while in Table xxii (page 32) the negro population considered for 1890 is 7,488,676. The difference of 18,636 is due to that num- ber of negroes returned for Indian Territory by the special Indian census and classified by sex but not by conjugal condition. Naimre of inqui/ry. — At the Twelfth Census the age at last birthday of every person in the United States was asked by the enumerators. The instructions given on this topic were as follows:' Column 8. Age at last birthday. — The object of this question ia to get the age of each person in completed years, or in the case of a child under one year the age in completed months. ' Instructions to enumerators, 1900, sections 131, 132. 36 NEGROES IN THE UNITED -STATES. For each person one year of age or over, enter the age at laM birth- day in whole years, omitting months and days. For children who, on the first day of June, 1900, were less than one year of age, enter the age in months, or twelfths of a year, thus: ^j, -^2, t\- For a child less than one month old, enter the age as follows: jV. Accuracy of returns. — The summary results of tabu- lating the answers to these questions for the negro population of continental United States are found in Table xxix. Table XXIX. — Negro population classified hy age periods: 1900. Examination of the preceding table shows that in each five-year period, from birth to the end of life, the number of negroes living was less than in any pre- ceding period. This is a uniform characteristic of population groups which are maintained almost en- tirely by excess of births over deaths, or as it is called, by natural increase. It does not hold true for a, popu- lation maintained largely or entirely by immigration, like the foreign born population of the United States. Wherever in the United States it does not hold true for the negroes, one may infer with confidence that there the race is maintained largely by immigration from other states and territories. For example, the fact that there were reported in Pennsylvania 12,037 negroes between 10 and 14, 14,441 between 15 and 19, and 21,178 between 20 and 24 years, is evidence that the negro population of that state was drawn largely from other states. Diagram 2.— NUMBER OF NEGROES EEPOETED AT EACH YEAR OF AGE: 1900. QUINQUENNIAL AGE PERIOD. Negro population: 1900. QUINQUENNIAL AGE PERIOD. Negro population: 1900. Continental United States: 8,833,994 50 to 54 years 200,987 179,176 All ages 65 to 59 years Under 5 years 1, 215, 665 1,202,768 1,091,990 982,022 969, 172 737, 479 624, 607 474, 687 367,216 326,384 60 to 64 years 161,687 102 671 5 to 9 years 72,382 40, 420 25,527 10,088 6,293 2,434 2,563 48,811 10 to 14 years 15 to 19 years 20 to 24 years 25 to 29 years 30 to 34 years 35 to 39 years 100 years and over 40 to 44 years "50 000 A ' MUu VIA 200,000 4/---\a-A-/\ a yvV\ \\ 1 fjO 000 ___vJml 1 00,000 ' ' 1 1 Af U W 1 50,000 ^1 '^ A iL-tuV \ I Y M y U K A 10 20 30 40 50 60 7 80 — •— "While the negro population of the United States when distributed as in Table xxix shows the regular decline already mentioned, the same is not true of the popula- tion by individual years. For example, the negroes reported as 59 years of age were 26,660, those reported as 61 were 13,696, while those reported as 60 were 92,756 (Table 10). In other words, there were more than twice as many reported at 60 years of age as were reported at 59 and 61 combined. It is obvious that these figures are so contrary to all the probabilities that they must be deemed inaccurate. More careful inspection of Table 10 will show a uniform tendency up to about the age of 25 to report the age in multiples of 2, and a much more marked tendency from the age of 20 on to report the age in multiples of 5. The two tendencies ap- parently coexist through adult years, but the tendency to count age in multiples of 5 is so much more influential that it frequently obscures the other. These irregu- AGE. 37 larities in the reported distribution of negroes through the successive years of life are clearly indicated in Diagram 2 (page 36), in which each unit of horizontal distance represents 1 year of age, and each unit of vertical distance represents 25,000 persons. By these scales the number of persons reported at each year of age is fixed at a point, the distance of which from the left-hand border indicates the year of age, and the dis- tance from the base indicates the number of negroes at that age in continental United States. After the several points have been ascertained those for each two suc- cessive j^ears have been connected by an irregular line. It is uniformly found that the irregularity of the curve of reported ages is greatest in classes of the popu- lation in which illiteracy is prevalent and in which the results of census inquiries are exposed to a wide margin of error. It will be found of interest to compare the accuracy of the age reports from the negroes in differ- ent states and territories, and thereby to get some indi- cation not merely of the trustworthiness of the answers in this field, but also of the accuracy with which other branches of the census work among the negroes was done. A convenient measure of the inaccuracy of the answers to the age question may be found in the following way: It is fair to assume that the true number of negroes 30 years of age in a given state or territory was about one-fifth of the reported number at 28, 29, 80, 31, and 32 years of age. The same method would enable one to get an estimated true number of the negroes 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, and 60 years of age. In other words, the true number of negroes at these multiples of 5 was prob- ably about one-fifth of the total number reported be- tween 28 and 62 years of age, inclusive. The reported number at these multiples of 5 minus the estimated true number represents the estimated number of adults between 28 and 62 years of age who erroneously reported their age at some multiple of 5. On dividing this number by the total number of negroes between 28 and 62 years, inclusive, one finds the estimated nmuber of erroneous reports in each 100 of the negro popula- tion between these ages. The results of this process for 1890 and for 1900 are given in the following table, in which the figures are given for the negroes in 1900, and the negroes, Indians, and Mongolians or non-Caucasians in 1890, the tabulation of ages in 1890 not having been made for the negroes. This difference is of little im- portance outside the Western division, and accordingly the figures for that division have been omitted from the table. In 1890 the general enumeration did not include Indian Territory and the Indian reservations. Table XXX. — Measure of concentration on multiples of 5 in age returns of negro population, 1900, and vf negro, Indian, and Mongolian population, 1890. STATE OK TEKEITOBY. PER CENT OF POPULA- TION, AGE 28 TO 62 YEARS, ESTIMATED TO HAVE REPORTED AGE ERRONEOUSLY AT MULTIPLES OF 6. Negro population: 1900. Continental United States. North Atlantic division . New England Maine New Hampshire - Vetmont Massachusetts . . . Rhode Island Connecticut Southern North Atlantic . New York New Jersey Pennsylvania . South Atlantic division . . . , Northern South Atlantic . Delaware Maryland District of Columbia . Virginia West Virginia Southern South Atlantic . North Carolina . South Carolina . Georgia Florida North Central division . . . Eastern North Central . Ohio Indiana . . . Illinois Michigan.. Wisconsin . Western North Central. Minnesota Iowa Missouri North Dakota . South Dakota . Nebraska Kansas South Central division . . Eastern South Central. Kentucky . . Tennessee . . Alabama . . . Mississippi. Western South Central . Louisiana Arkansas Indian Territory . Oklahoma Texas 8.2 6.3 4.0 8.3 7.7 30.3 8.4 9.5 9.1 17.7 12.8 15.3 15.2 19.9 11.3 19.1 15.6 21.4 20.3 16.0 8.0 7.1 6.4 6.6 8.5 4.8 9.1 6.6 6.9 10.1 5.5 16.0 6.9 6.9 16.6 17.4 14.2 15.3 18.2 19.0 Negro, In- dian, and Mongolian population: 1890. 11.8 10.5 12.4 10.8 11.6 12.1 12.3 13.5 13.8 15.3 13.0 21.1 20.3 14.8 18.7 14.4 22.3 17.0 21.5 19.1 21.1 23.7 19.5 11.9 10.1 10.0 10.3 12.6 11.1 12.2 12.9 13.0 11.3 14. S 14.2 10.7 7.6 10.7 19.9 20.5 18.2 18.6 21.6 21.6 15.4 ■ 18.9 17.3 14.1 12.9 1... 20.5 16.7 11.5 18.6 38 NEGROES IN THE UNITED STATES. Inspection of the preceding figures shows that there has been an improvement during the ten years in the accuracy with which the ages of the negroes were re- ported, and that this improvement extends to every main and minor division and to every state and terri- tory except District of Columbia, South Carolina, and South Dakota. The table shows also that in 1900 the greatest inaccuracies were found in the South Atlantic division, closely followed by the South Central, while the errors on the part of the negroes in the Northern states were only about half as numerous. In 1890 the states in which at least one-fifth of the negro population between 28 and 63 years, inclusive, reported their age erroneously were Virginia, South Carolina, Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi, and Louisiana. In 1900 there were only 2 such states. South Carolina and Georgia. In the absence of conflicting evidence one is warranted in inferring from these facts that in other respects, as well as in the matter of age, the census statistics of the negroes in 1900 were probablj' more accurate than those in 1890, and at both dates the answers of negroes resid- ing in the North were more accurate on the average than those in the South. Median age. — A simple and convenient abbreviation for the age of a large number of people, like the negroes of the United States or any state or territory, is what is called the median age — that is, the age such that half the members of the population group under considera- tion are younger and half are older. The median age of the negro population in continental United States in 1900 is found to be 19.4 years. That of the whites in 1900 was 23.4 years. The median age of the negroes was lowest in South Carolina where half the negroes were below 17 years of age. It was highest in Nevada where half of them were over 35 years of age, but as the total number of negroes in that state was only 134 this fact has little significance. In the following table the states having at least 1,000 negroes in the year specified are arranged in the order of increasing median age: Table XXXI.— MEDIAN AGE OF NEGEO POPULATION, 1900, AND OF NEGKO, INDIAN, AND MONGOLIAN POPULATION, 1890 AND 1880. STATE OB TEEKITORY HAVING AT LEAST 1,000 NEGSOES IN 1900. Continental United States . South Carolina North Carolina Texas Georgia Mississippi Alabama Indian Territory Arkansas Louisiana Virginia Tennessee Oklahoma Florida Maryland Kentucky Delaware West Virginia Kansas Missouri. Indiana District of Columbia . New Jersey Pennsylvania Ohio.../. Iowa Arizona Connecticut Illinois Nebraska New York Michigan New Mexico Massachusetts Maine Rhode Island California. Wisconsin Colorado Minnesota Washington Montana Oregon Median ' age of negro popula- tion: 1900. 19.4 17. 17. 18. 18. 18. 18. 18. 18. 18. 18. 19. 20. 20. 21. 21. 22. 22. 22. 23. 24. 25. 25. 25. 25. 26. 25.' 26.: 26. i 26.; 26.' 26.! 26.1 26.! 27.: 27. i 28, 28. 29. 29, STATE OE TEEBITOEY HAVING AT LEAST 1,000 NEGEOES IN 1890.1 Continental United States . South Carolina. Texas North Carolina Georgia Alabama Arkansas Vir^nia Louisiana Tennessee Florida Kentucky Kansas West Virginia Maryland Missouri Wisconsin Delaware Indiana Iowa District of Columbia. New Mexico Ohio Nebrasika Oklahoma Illinois Michigan Minnesota Pennsylvania New Jersey - . Connecticut New York Maine Massachusetts Colorado Arizona Rhode Island Washington Montana California Oregon Median age of negro, Indian, and Mon- golian popula- tion; 1890. 16. 16. 16. 16. 17. 17. 17. 17. 17. 18. 18. 19. 19. 20. 20. 20. 20. 21. 22. 22. 23. 23. 23. 23. 23. 23. 24. 24. 24. 24. 26. 26. 26. 27. 28. 28. 28. 28. 30. 32.! 32. < STATE OR TEEEITORY HAVING AT LEAST 1,000 NEGROES IN 1880.2 Continental United States . Texas South Carolina Georgia North Carolina Alabama Arkansas Tennessee Virginia Florida Louisiana Kentucky Kansas Missouri West Virginia Maryland Delaware Wisconsin Minnesota Indiana Vermont Michigan Ohio Illinois Iowa New Mexico Nebraska District of Columbia . New Jersey Pennsylvania Maine Colorado Connecticut New York ." Massachusetts Rhode Island California ' Except Indian Territory, the population of which was not returned by age 2 Except Indian Territory, the population of which was not enumerated. ' Median age of ne^ro, Indian, and Mon- goUan popula- tion: 1880. 18.0 15.8 16.1 16.2 16.4 16.4 16.7 16.7 16.9 17.2 17.3 18.4 18.5 19.1 19.2 19.3 20.0 20.1 20.4 21.0 21.1 21.3 21.5 21.6 22.0 22.0 22.2 22.6 23.3 23.9 24.0 25.2 26.8 25.8 25.9 26.3 27.3 30.1 BIRTHPLACE. 39 In the preceding table the states with a median age far above the average are those in which a large part of the negroes are adult immigrants. It is probably cor- rect to say also that in the few states with a median age below the average for the whole country, the negro population is maintained b}"- an excess of births over deaths, and that the balance of migration is away from the state, leaving an excess of children. The rise of 1.4 years in the median age of negroes in continental United States between 1880 and 1900, probably points to some improvement in health and longevity', although it might be explained as a result merely of the decreased birth rate. Such a change would result in a smaller proportion of children, and that would cause the median age to rise, even if there were no decline in the death rate. This decreasing proportion of children is unde- niable, and attention is called to it later,' but the evi- dence to be considered later seems to indicate, although not to prove, that there has also been a slight decrease in the death rate since 1890.^ BIKTHPLACE. Distribution of negroes horn in the South Atlantic and South Central divisions. — At each census since 1850 the state, territory, or country in which the person was born has been asked on the population schedule. In 1850 and 1860 this was asked only of the free inhab- itants, and in 1870 the omissions among the southern negroes diminish the value of the figures. Attention will be confined here to the figures for 1900 and 1890. These figures, like all those dealing with a current of migration, may be studied from either of two different standpoints — the source or the destination, immigra- tion or emigration. One may trace the distribution of the negroes born in a given state or division over the other states or divisions, or one may analyze the negro population of a given state or division, and find how largely it is composed of individuals born in the state of residence and how largely of immigrants. In this discussion the first method alone has been employed and the analysis confined to the negroes, Indians, and Mongolians, and the whites born in the Southern states. The figures for the negroes were tabulated separate from those for Indians and Mon- golians only in 1900. The negro, Indian, and Mongolian and the white natives of the South Atlantic states were distributed over the country in 1900 and 1890 as follows: ' Pages 66-68. « Pages 64-66. Table XXXII. — Per 10,000 distribution of the negro, Indian, and Mongolian and the white population bora in the Souih Atlantic divi- sion, by division of residence: 1900 and 1890. PEK 10,000 DISTRIBUTION OF THE POPU- LATION BORN IN THE SOUTH ATLANTIC DIVISION, BY DIVISION OF RESIDENCE. DIVISION OF RESIDENCE. Negro, Indian, and Mongolian. White. 1900 1890 1900 1890 10, 000 10,000 9,992 10,000 9,989 10, 000 403 247 238 197 New England 51 352 8,906 36 211 8,887 21 217 8,677 17 180 South Atlantic division 8,518 Northern South Atlantic 2,520 6,386 110 2,693 6,194 120 4,224 4,463 399 4,201 Southern South Atlantic. 4,317 North Central division 519 75 35 559 77 43 732 219 180 596 267 Western North Central 252 685 326 233 14 410 322 14 315 281 79 388 Western South Central 297 81 Rocky Mountain 5 1 8 8 5 2 7 28 6 45 11 28 Basin and Plateau . 6 47 The preceding table shows that the non-Caucasian natives of the South Atlantic states were found living in that division a little more generally in 1900 than in 1890. That is, of 10,000 non-Caucasian natives of that section living in the United States, there were 19 more in 1900 than in 1890 living in the South Atlantic states. The table shows also that the non-Caucasian natives of that section remain in it in a larger proportion than do the whites, a difference naturally connected with their in- ferior economic position. It may be noted, however, that the change in the two races has been in the same direction, but that the whites have changed much more rapidly, so that of 10,000 whites born in the South At- lantic division 159 more were living there in 1900 than in 1890. Or the same fact may be expressed as follows: In 1890 the number of non-Caucasians residing in the South Atlantic division among every 10,000 born in that division exceeded the number of whites residing in that division among every 10,000 born in it b)'^ 369. In 1900 the difference had fallen to 229, that is, about two-fifths of the difference had disappeared. With both 40 NEGROES IN THE UNITED STATES. races the proportion living in the several main and minor divisions declined uniformly, except for the North Atlantic division. To that section the migra- tion of both races from the South Atlantic division increased, but the increase among the non-Caucasians was decidedly greater than among the whites, the in- crease being 41 in 10,000 among the whites and 156 among the non-Caucasians. The following table gives the same figures I'egarding the population of the South Central division: Table XXXIII. — Per 10,000 distribution of the negro, Indian, and Mongolian and the white population bom in the South Central divi- sion, by division of residence: 1900 and ISOO. PER 10,000 DISTRIBUTION OF THE POPU- LATION BORN IN THE SOUTH CENTRAL DIVISION, BY DIVISION OF RESIDENCE. DIVISION OP RESIDENCE. Negro, Indian,and Mongolian. V,'hite. 1900 ISftO 1900 1890 United States 10,000 10,000 9,995 10,000 9,990 10,000 North Atlantic division 14 9 32 25 1 13 75 2 7 59 5 27 116 4 21 South Atlantic division 100 11 64 285 7 62 289 36 80 634 27 73 173 112 9,603 lo6 134 9,027 237 297 9,181 264 Western North Central 396 South Central division 9,088 /i,064 3,939 18 B,S32 3, 695 Vi 8 1 7 5,039 4,142 127 6,'602 3,686 127 Western division 9 1 8 6 48 18 66 10 43 9 75 Outlying districts The above table shows that a larger proportion of each class of natives of the South Central division has remained there than is true of the South Atlantic division, this being due in part to the larger area included in the South Central division and the weaker motives to migrate westward, and in part also to the lower average age of the natives of that rapidly grow- ing region. One notices that here, too, the proportion of non-Caucasian.'j, native of the section, who have remained there is decidedly greater than that of whites. The proportion for whites has increased by 93 in the 10,000 in ten years, while the proportion for non-Cau- casians has decreased by 24, showing here also a tend- ency to greater agreement between the two classes, the difference in 1890 being 539, while in 1900 it was 422. The migration of non-Caucasians from the South Central to the Southern North Atlantic, the South Atlantic, the Eastern North Central, the Rocky Moun- tain, and the Pacific divisions has increased in ten years, and that of the whites has increased to all four Atlantic divisions and to the Rocky Mountain and Basin and Plateau divisions. The migration of negroes born in the South to the North is roughly measured by the following figures: NON-CAUCASIAN NATIVES OF THE SOUTH RESIDING — Per cent of CENSUS. In continental United States. In North At- lantic and North Cen- tral divi- sions. ca.sian na- tives of the South in the North. 1900 8,287,081 6, 915, 715 336,879 230, 931 4.1 1890 3.3 19.8 45.9 The negroes of southern birth living in the North increased more than twice as fast as the negro popula- tion of the country. In consequence, in 1890 about one-thirtieth of southern-born negroes were living in the North;' in 1900 nearly one twenty-fourth were in the North. Whether this northward movement was peculiar to the negroes, or extended also to the southern-born whites, appears from the following summary: WHITE NATIVES OF THE SOUTH RESIDING — Per cent of CENSUS. In continental United States. In North At- lantic and North Cen- tral divi- sions. white na- tives of the South in the North. 1900.; 16,065,045 12, 921, 9t5 968,974 904,689 6.0 7.0 1890 Per cent of increase 24.2 6.0 While there was a slight increase between 1890 and 1900 in the number of whites of southern birth and northern residence, it was less than one-fourth as rapid as the growth of the white population. The figures show that the northward migration of southern born negroes is going on faster than that of the southern born whites. The facts may be put in this way: In 1890 one-fifth (20.3 per cent) of the natives of the South living in the North were negroes; in 1900 the pro- portion had risen to more than one-fourth (26.0 per cent). These figures seem to show that the migration of negroes from the South is increasing both absolutely and relatively, while that of the whites from the South is increasing absolutely, but decreasing relatively. Table 47, page 254, shows the proportion of the negro residents of each state, territory, and division, which were born within and without the state of resi- dence, in 1900. The negroes of South Carolina have received relatively fewest reinforpements from the negroes of other states, less than one in fifty of the negro residents of that state having been born beyond ILLITERACY. 41 its bounds. The states which have drawn less than one-tenth of their negro population from outside were as follows: STATE. Per cent of resident negro population born outside of the state. Soutli Carolina . , 1.8 North Carolina. . 4.2 Virginia 6.2 Georgia 7.2 Kentucky. 8.4 8.8 On the other hand, in every northern and western state, but Maine and Missouri, at least two-fifths of the resident negroes were born without the state. In the South this is true only of the negroes resident in the District of Columbia and West Virginia. In Alaska nearly all the resident negroes were born elsewhere. The states and territories in which at least five-sixths of the resident negroes were immigrants were as follows: Alaska 96.3 Wyoming 89. 1 Idaho 88.7 Arizona 84.9 Washington 84.9 Montana 84. all but Arizona lying in the extreme northwest, the region most remote from the negro habitat in the United States. ILLITERACT. Nature of inquiry. — In column 22 of the population schedule, headed "Can read," the enumerator was in- structed to "write Yes for all persons 10 years of age and over who can read any language, and No for all other persons of that age who can not read in any lan- guage." In column 23, headed "Can write," the enu- merator was instructed to ' ' write Yes for all persons 10 years of age and over who can torite any language, and No for all other persons of that age who can not write in any language." In this way the Bureau of the Census has sought to establish two grades of illiteracy. In the general usage of the Bureau, however, by an illiterate is meant one who can not write. In the follow- ing discussion the attempted subdivision of illiterates into those who can read and those who can not read will be ignored. Accuracy of returns. — The enumerators accepted the statements made to them regarding literacy or illit- eracy in the families they visited, and did not attempt to verify the answers by any test. Doubtless, on the part of many, there was unwillingness to admit their ina- bility to- read and write. In a certain number of casee this unwillingness must have gone so far as to induce false answers. The error from this source would be a biased error; that is, it would enroll a cer- tain number of illiterates among those able to write, but would not enroll any able to write among the illit- erates. Consequently, the figures regarding illiteracy must be accepted as a minimum limit of the true num- ber, and may be several per cent in error. But no rea- son appears for believing that the proportion of errors would be much greater at one census than at another, and under the conditions the per cents of illiteracy at the successive censuses would not be materially wide of the truth for purposes of comparison. Continental United States. — The prevalence of illit- eracy in the two main races in 1900 and 1890 is indicated by the following table: Table XXXIV. — Population at least 10 years of age and number and per cent illiterate, for the negro and white races: 1900 and 1890. POPULATIOff AT LEAST 10 YEARS OF AGE. RACE 1900 1890 Number illiterate. Per cent illiterate. 1900 1890 1900 1890 Continental U. S.: Negro population White population 6,415,581 51,250,918 5,328,972 41,931,074 2,853,194 3,200,746 3,042,668 3,212,674 44.5 6.2 67.1 7.7 At the present time, as well as in 1890, the per cent of illiteracy among the negroes of the country is more than seven times that among the whites. But the public school system has developed so much further and has been in force so much longer in the North than in the South that illiteracy is far more prevalent among the white population in the South than it is among the white population of the entire country. Accordingly, a comparison between the two races in the Southern states may have more signifi- The figures are as follows: cance. Table XXXV. — Population at least 10 years of age and number and per cent illiterate, for the negro and white races in the South: 1900 and 1890. POPULATION AT LEAST 10 YEARS OF AGE. 1 RACE. 1900 1890 Number illiterate. Per cent illiterate. 1900 1890 1900 1890 South Atlantic and South Central di- visions: Negro population White population 6,664,976 12,020,539 4, 751, 763 9,466,368 2, 717, 606 1,401,273 2,888,216 1,412,983 48.0 11.7 60.7 14.9 These figures show that illiteracy among southern negroes is more than four times that among southern whites. With each race, illiteracy has decreased both in num- ber and per cent and both for the country as a whole 42 NEGROES IN THE UNITED STATES. and for the Soutnern states; and the decline has been at about the same rate, that is, with each race th^ number of illiterates to 1,000 persons at least 10 years of age in 1900 was rather less than four-fifths of what it was in 1890. If the per cent of illiterates in each race should be reduced bj' as great an amount in each future decade as it was in that from 1890 to 1900, an improbable con- tingency, it would fall to zero by 1940. States and territories. — The following table shows for 1900 and 1890 the per cent of negroes at least 10 years of age unable to write, for each state and territory which contained at least 500 negroes of that age in 1900. The states are arranged in the order of decreas- ing per cent illiterate in 1900, and the decrease in the per cent of illiterates during the ten years is shown in the last column: Table XXXVI. — Per cent illiterate in negro population at least 10 years of age: 1900 and 1890. BTATE OR TEEEITOEY HAVING AT LEAST 500 NEGROES 10 YEARS OF AGE AND OVER IN 1900. Louisiana Alabama Soutli Carolina Georgia Mississippi North Carolina Virginia Arkansas Indian Territory Tennessee Kentucky Florida Texas Delaware Maryland West Virginia Missouri Oklahoma J District of Columbia Indiana Kansas New Mexico Iowa Illinois Ohio New Jersey Wyoming Pennsylvania Vermont Maine Rhode Island California Colorado •Arizona New Hampshire Nebraska Washington Connecticut Montana Wisconsin Michigan New York Massachusetts Oregon Minnesota Utah PER CENT ILLITER- ATE IN NEGRO POPULATION AT LEAST 10 YEARS OF AGE. 1900 35, 32: 28. 26. 24. 22. 22. 19. 18. 18. 17. 17. 17, 15. 14. 14. 14. 13. 13. 12. 11. i 11. i 11.1 11. i 11.' 11.. 10.! 10. i 10.: 8.( 7.i 6.; 1890 72.1 69.1 64.1 67.3 60.8 60.1 57.2 53.6 54.2 55.9 60.5 52.5 49.5 60.1 44.5 41.7 39.0 35.0 32.3 32.8 45.8 26.1 26.8 25.4 28.1 17.8 23.2 20.4 15.9 18.1 26.5 17.6 19.2 22.5 19.1 17.7 15.3 11.0 20.0 18.9 17.1 14.3 17.1 12.1 26.6 Decrease jn per cent illit- erate: 1890 to 1900. 11.0 11.7 11.3 14.9 11.7 12.5 12.6 10.6 12.6 15.8 12.1 14.3 11.4 15.0 12.2 13.6 13.0 10.7 9.7 10.5 26.7 7.6 8.7 7.6 10.9 0.6 8.1 6.8 1.7 4.0 13.1 4.6 6.6 10.6 7.3 6.1 3.8 10.4 8.6 8.0 6.3 3.6 8.3 4.2 20.3 1 Increase. The above table shows that illiteracy among negroes has decreased since 1890 in every state and territory with the insignificant exception of Montana. Every Southern state shows a decrease of at least 10 in the per cent illiterate. In every Northern and Western state, with a few unimportant exceptions, the per cent in 1900 is less than three-fourths what it was in 1890. The figures of Table xxxvi are shown graphically on Diagram 3 (page 43). Cou7ities. — On examination of Table 55 it is found that there are 352 counties in which one-half the negro population at least 10 years of age was illiterate in 1900. With the exception of New Madrid county, Mo., all these counties are in the South, 182, or more than half, being in the three states of Georgia, Alabama, and Louisiana. There are 96 counties with at least three- fifths of the negro population illiterate, 33 being in Louisiana, 27 in Georgia, 20 in Alabama, 6 in South Carolina, 4 in Mississippi, and the remaining 6 in Ten- nessee, Kentucky, Virginia, North Carolina, and Texas. The 30 counties in which over two-thirds of the negroes were illiterate in 1900 are shown in the following table: COTTNTY IX ORDER OF DE- CREASING PER CENT IL- LITERATE. Lafayette, La Concordia, La St. Landry, La St. Martin, La Bed River, La Vermilion, La Morgan, Tenn East Feliciana, La Pointe Coupee, La Acadia, La St. Helena, La Franklin, La Grant, La Miller, Ga Lincoln, Ga Per cent illiterate in negro population at least 10 years of age: 1900. 85.9 81.4 81.3 81.2 76.9 73.9 73.4 73.1 72.6 72.2 71.6 71.6 71.1 71.0 70.9 COUNTY IN ORDER OF DE- CREASING PER CENT IL- LITERATE. Natchitoches, La .. Ouachita, La Marengo, Ala De Soto, La Tensas, La West Feliciana, La Iberville, La Bossier, La Lowndes, Ala Wilkes, Ga Morehouse, La Knott, Ky Pickens, Ala Colleton, S. C Madison, La Per cent illiterate in negro population at least 10 years of age: 1900. 70.7 70.2 69.8 69.1 69.1 69.1 67.8 67.7 67.7 67.7 67.5 .67.3 67.0 66.9 66.8 Of the 30 counties with at least two-thirds of the negroes illiterate, Louisiana has 21, Alabama and Geor- gia have 3 each, and Kentucky, South Carolina, and Tennessee have 1 each. City and country. — In studying illiteracy the popula- tion limit between city and country must be drawn at 25,000 instead of at 2,500, since the number of illiter- ates is reported only for cities of that size. The preva- lence of illiteracy in the two main races in city and country, in 1900, is shown by the following table: POPULATION AT LEAST 10 YEARS OF AGE' 1900. Negro. White. Number illiterate. Per cent illit- erate. Negro. White. Negro. White. Continental U.S. 6,415,681 61,250,918 2,863,194 3,200,746 44.5 6.2 Cities having at least 25,000 in- habitants Country districts . 946, 710 6,469,871 14,677,484 36,573,434 230,698 2,622,496 651,147 2, 649, 699 24.4 47.9 4.4 7.0 ILLITERACY. 43 DiAGKAM 3.— PER CENT ILLITERATE IN NEGRO POPULATION AT LEAST 10 YEARS OF AGE: 1900 AND 1890. 1900 1890 LOUISIANA ALABAMA SOUTH CAROLINA GEORGIA MISSISSIPPI NORTH CAROLINA VIRGINIA ARKANSAS INDIAN TERRITORY TENNESSEE KENTUCKY FLORIDA TEXAS DELAWARE MARYLAND WEST VIRGINIA MISSOURI OKUHOMA DIST. OF COLUMBIA NEVADA INDIANA KANSAS HAWAII NEW MEXICO IOWA ILLINOIS OHIO WYOMING NEW JERSEY PENNSYLVANIA VERMONT IDAHO MAINE RHODE ISLAND CALIFORNIA SOUTH DAKOTA COLORADO NORTH DAKOTA .ARIZONA NEW HAMPSHIRE NEBRASKA WASHINGTON CONNECTICUT WISCONSIN MONTANA MICHIGAN NEW YORK MAaaACHUSETTS .OREGON MINNESOTA 'UTAH ALASKA Illiteracy is almost twice as prevalent among: negroes in country districts as it is in cities having at least 26,000 inhabitants, and the difference between city and country among whites is almost equally great. But as nearly half (48 per cent) of the negroes in the North and West live in cities of 25,000 inhabitants or more, a 44 NEGROES IN THE UNITED STATES. comparison of conditions in the South alone may be more significant. The figures are as follows: POPULATION AT LEAST 10 YEARS OP AGE: 1900. Negro. White. Number illiterate. Per cent illiterate. Negro. White. Negro. White. South Atlantic and South Central divi- sione . 5,664,975 12,020,539 2,717,606 1,401,273 48.0 11 7 Cities having at least 25,000 in- habitants Country districts. 572,924 5,092,051 1,429,546 10,590,993 180,357 2,537,249 47,482 1,353,791 31.5 49.8 3.3 12.8 The per cent illiterate among southern negroes resid- ing outside the large cities is much greater than the per cent in the cities, but the difference between city and country is less marked, relatively, for the negro than for the white population. For whites, the per cent illiterate in the country districts is nearly four times as great as that in the cities, while for negroes the per cent illiterate in the country is much less than double that in cities. This indicates that in the South negroes have been affected less than whites by the better school facilities of cities, or by the greater need in urban centers of an ability to read and write. The Eleventh .Census reported negro, Indian, and Mongolian illiterates together for cities, but the per cent illiterate for the non-Caucasian population in 1890 may safely be compared with that for the negro popu- lation alone in 1900. The figures for each year in the following comparisons necessarily relate only to cities having at least 25,000 inhabitants at the census specified. For the sake of clearness, only the per cents are shown in the table which follows: NUMBER OF PER CENT ILLITERATE IN POPULATION AT LEAST 10 YEARS OF AGE. Negro: 1900. Negro, Indian, and Mon- golian: 1890. De- crease in ten years. White. De- crease in ten years. 1900 1890 1900 1890 ContinentalTJ. S. 44.5 56.8 12.3 6.2 7.7 , 4.9 8.6 1.6 Cities having at least 25,000 in- habitants Country districts . . 160 124 24.4 47.9 34.6 60.0 10.2 12.1 4.4 7.0 0.5 l.B The per cent illiterate was less in 1900 than in 1890 by about one-fifth of the initial per cent for each race in country districts, while in cities having at least 25,000 inhabitants the per cent illiterate diminished by nearly one-third for negroes, but by only one-tenth for whites. The figures for the South are shown in the following table: NUMBER OF PER CENT ILLITERATE IN POPULATION AT' LEAST 10 YEARS OF AGE. CITIES. j Ne^ro, De- crease in ten years. White. De- crease in ten years. 1900 1890 golian: 1890. 1900 1890 South Atlantic and South Central divi- 48.0 60.7 12.7 11.7 3.3 12.8 14.9 3.2 Cities having at least 25,000 in- habitants Country districts . . 29 23 31.5 49.8 42.3 62.5 10.8 12.7 4.4 16.3 1.1 3 5 Both tables show that illiteracy among negroes either in the country as a whole or in the South is less preva- lent in cities than in country districts. They show also that the decrease in the per cent illiterate has been greater in the country districts. In 1890 among 1,000 non-Caucasian residents of southern cities, at least 10 years of age, there were 202 more who were able to write than among an equal number living in the country. For negroes in 1900 the corresponding difference be- tween city arid country was 183. The per cent illiterate among negroes in the several cities will be found in Table 53. In 1900 the per cent was greatest for the following 11 cities: Montgomery (46), Mobile (44.1), Birmingham (40.3), Augusta (38.8), Norfolk (38.5), New Orleans (36.1), Atlanta (35.1), Memphis (35.1), Savannah (34.1), Lexington (34), and Covington (33.8). These are the only cities in the country with at least one-third of the negroes illiterate. xSea?.— The following figures show if or continental United States the number and per cent of illiterates among negroes and whites with distinction of sex: Table X.XXYIX.— Population at least 10 years of age by sex, and number and per cent illiterate, for the negro and white races: 1900 and 1890. POPULATION AT LEAST 10 YEARS OF AGE. RACE AND SEX. 19U0 1890 Number iUiterate. Percent illiterate. 1900 1890 1900 1890 Continental U. S.: Negro- Male Female White- Male Female 3,181,660 3,233,931 26,327,931 24,922,987 2,646,171 2,682,801 21,578,245 20,362,829 1,371,432 1,481,762 1,667,153 1,633,593 1,438,923 1,603,745 1,517,722 1,694,862 43.1 45.8 6.0 6.6 64.4 59.8 7.0 8.3 ILLITERACY. 45 The preceding figures show that in each race the female is the more illiterate sex. They show also that iti each race this difference between the sexes is decreas- ing. Among the negroes the difference in the per cent illiterate for the two sexes was 5.4 in 1890 and 2.7 in 1900; among the whites it was 1.3 in 1890 and 0.6 in 1900, indicating that the difference is likelj^ to disappear with another decade of progress like the last. The inferences already stated are borne out by the figures for the Southern states given in the following table: Table XXXVIII. — Population at least 10 years of age hy sex, and number and per cent illiterate, for the negro and white races in the South: 1900 and 1890. POPULATION AT LEAST 10 YEABS OP AGE. HACE AND SEX. 1900 1890 Number illiterate. Per cent illiterate. 1900 1890 1900 1890 South Atlantic and South Central di- visions: Negro- Male Female White- Male Female 2,799,434 2, 865, 541 6,146,438 5,874,101 2,349,113 2,402,650 4,802,579 4, 653, 789 1, 306, 309 1,411,297 695,080 706, 193 1, 362, 219 1,520,997 660,027 752, 956 46.7 49.3 11.3 12.0 58.0 63.3 13.7 16.2 Age. — The following table gives the number and per cent of negro and of white illiterates at certain age periods for continental United States: Table XXXIX. — Population hy age periods and number and per cent illiterate, for the negro and white races: 1900. POPULATION AT LEAST 10 YEAES OF AGE: 1900. AGE PEKIOD. Nunjber illiterate. Per cent illiterate. • Negro. White. Negro. White. Negro. White. Ctontinental U. S.: 10 years and over 6,416,581 51, 250, 918 2,853,194 3,200,746 44.5 6.2 10 to 14 years . . . 1,091,990 6,959,238 328, 992 240,580 30.1 3.5 15 to 17 years . . . 690,694 3,976,066 185,196- 148,594 31.4 3.7 18 to 20 years... 013,745 3,868,317 207, 978 167,332 33.9 4.3 21 to 24 years... 746,766 5,033,850 259,436 232, 249 84.7 4.6 26 to 34 years . . . 1,262,086 10,767,424 496, 180 683,293 39.3 6.4 35 to 44 years . . . 841,903 8,312,718 437,503 569,819 52.0 6.9 46 to 64 years . . . 617,371 6,739,669 420, 438 501,571 68.1 8.7 66 to 64 years . . . 340,863 3,641,876 267,312 362,297 78.4 9.9 65 years and over 261,363 2,806,719 223, 124 378, 071 85.4 13.5 Age unknown . . 48,811 145,052 27,036 16,940 55.4 11.7 The preceding table shows that for each race the higher the age limits of the group the larger the per cent illiterate. This must be due to the increase of facilities for education during recent years. If a per- son does not learn to write before reaching the age of 20, it is not likely that he will ever learn. The preceding series of figures then indicate with some clearness the facilities for education open to the negroes at successive periods. The most marked decrease of illiteracy occurs between the groups 26 to 34 (39.3 per cent), 36 to 44 4973— Bull. 8—07 4 (52 per cent), and 45 to 54 years (68.1 per cent). The oldest group must have been between 10 and 20 years of age at the close of the war and many of them were too old to profit by the reorganization of education in the South which began some years later and has devel- oped until the present time. If the educational facil- ities in the country should remain up to their present standards, but not improve, and should impart the ele- ments of education to as large a proportion of the rising generation as they have done to those between 10 and 14 years in 1900, then at the end of the generation, illiteracy among the negroes in the country will have sunk from 44.5 to 30.1 per cent, that is, nearly one-third of it will have disappeared. At the same time illiteracy among the whites in the country will have sunk, immi- gration aside, from 6.2 to 3.5 per cent, that is, about three-sevenths of the illiteracy among the whites will have disappeared. In this, as in other topics, the statistics of the South differ so much from those of the North and West that a truer picture of the actual conditions is obtained when the two sections are treated separately. Table XL. — Population hy age periods and number and per cent illiterate, for the negro and white races in the South: 1900. POPULATION AT LEAST 10 YEARS OF age: 1900. AGE PERIOD. Negro. White. Number illiterate. Per cent illiterate. Negro. V/hite. Negro. White. South Atlantic and South Central di- visions: 10 years and over 5,664,975 12,020,639 2,717,606 1,401,273 48.0 11.7 10 to 14 years .... 15 to 20 years 21 to 24 years 26 to 34 years 36to 44 years 46 to 54 years 55 to 64 years — 65 years and over. Age unknown . . . 1,012,214 1,093,822 656,032 1,078,093 713, 990 637,826 299,316 232,217 41,466 1,963,810 2,124,100 1,262,208 2,363,607 1,706,640 1,291,988 752,260 531, 449 34, 477 326,732 386,129 251, 812 475,231 410,914 391, 417 247,265 206,101 24, 015 193,402 189,979 116, 046 232, 749 224,759 205,067 121,149 111,277 6,845 32.2 36.3 38.4 44.1 57.6 72.8 82.6 88.3 67.9 9.8 8.9 9.2 9.9 13.2 15.9 16.1 20.9 19.9 Table XLI. — Population by age periods and number and per cent illiterate, for the negro and white races in the North and West: 1900. POPULATION AT LEAST 10 YEAES OF AGE: 1900. AGE PERIOD. Negro. White. Number illiterate. Per cen; Illiterate. Negro. White. Negro. White, North Atlantic, North Central.and Western divisions: 10 years and over 750,606 39,230,379 136,688 1,799,473 18.1 4.6 10 to 14 years — 15 to 20 years 21 to 24 years 25 to 34 years 35 to 44 years — 45 to 54 years.... 56 to 64 years 65 years and over. Age unknown... 79,776 110,617 90,723 183,993 127, 913 79,646 41,548 29,146 7,345 4,995.428 5,720,283 3,771,642 8,413,817 6,606,078 4,447,671 2,889,616 2,276,270 110,675 3,260 7,045 7,624 20,949 26,589 29,021 20,057 18,023 3,020 47,178 125,947 116,203 350,544 346,060 296,604 241,148 266,794 10,095 4.1 6.4 8.4 11.4 20.8 36.6 48.3 61.8 41.1 0.9 2.2 3.1 4.2 6.2 6.7 8.3 11.7 9.1 46 NEGROES IN THE UNITED STATES. The first of the preceding tables shows that in the Southern states at the present time, among the children between 10 and 14 years of age, about one-tenth of the whites and one-third of the negroes are unable to write, and among persons at least 65 years of age one-fifth of the whites and nearly nine-tenths of the negroes are unable to write. The most marked transition appears with both races at about the age of 36. Persons below that age, or, in other words, persons of both races born in the South since 1865, are far more generally able to write than persons born prior to that date. At the present time nearly one-half of the negroes in the Southern states are unable to write. But if educa- tional facilities for that race should remain about as they are at present for another generation, and be availed of to the same extent, the proportion would sink to one-third. A comparison between the two tables shows that illiteracy is far less prevalent among the northern and western negroes than it is among those at the South. This is especially true of the earlier age periods. At the North and West the proportion of negroes between 10 and 14 years of age who were una- ble to write is about one-eighth the proportion among southern negroes of the same age. When illiteracy at all ages is considered the proportion among negroes at the North and West is somewhat more than one- third of that at the South. At the same time the rela- tive difference between negroes and whites in the two sections is approximately the same— that is, in each section of the country the illiteracy of the negroes at the present time is about four times that of the whites; in the North a little less, in the South a little more. Illiteracy among the 3'oungest negroes at the South is about eight times that at the North and West, and is more than three times that of the whites at the South. The following table gives the per cent of illiterates among the negroes by age periods for 1900 and 1890: Table XLII. — Per cent illiterate in negro population by age periods: 1900 and 18i)u. AGE PERIOD. PER CENT ILLITERATE IN NEGRO POPULA- TION. Continental United States: 10 years and over . 10 to 14 years 15 to 24 years 25 to 34 years 36 to 44 years 45 to 64 years 65 to 64 years 65 years and over 30.1 33.4 39.3 52.0 68.1 78.4 86.4 45.7 56.8 70.5 80.8 86.3 90.2 De- crease in ten years. 9.7 12.8 17.5 18.6 12.7 7.9 4.8 The preceding table show.s that the proportion of illiterates has declined most rapidly for the age periods 25 to 34 and 35 to 44. By comparing the per cents for 1890 with the per cents for the population group 10 years older in 1900, one gets some clue to trhanges within a given group during the decade. For example, the group of negroes 25 to 34 years of age in 1900 should be substantially the survivors of the group 15 to 24 years of age in 1890, the additions from immi- gration and losses from emigration being insignificant. The death rate among the illiterates may have been somewhat higher than that among the literates, but it is doubtful whether this difference would seriously affect the per cent of illiteracy in the grbup as a whole. If it be disregarded, then the difference between the 45.7 per cent of illiterates in that group in 1890, and the 39.3 per cent of the group 10 years older in 1900, a difference of 6.4, indicates either the number of that age group who had learned to write in the ten- year period, or the number who were erroneously reported at one or the other census. The figures sug- gest that the process of acquiring the elements of education is not at an end by the time the age of 15 years is reached, but that, on the contrary, of the illiterate negroes between 15 and 24 years of age, about 1 in 7 learns to write in the course of the next ten years; that of those between 25 and 34 years of age, about 1 in 12 learns to write in the next ten years; that of those between 85 and 44 years of age, about 1 in'29 learns to write in the next ten years; and that of those between 45 and 54 years of age, about 1 in 34 learns to write in the next ten years. With the higher ages these estimates would probably be materially changed by the difference in the death rate of the literate and illiterate classes, and little confidence, at best, is to be attached to these estimates, owing to the probable error in the figures on which they are based. Still, the evi- dence they afford that the elements of education are frequently acquired as late in life as 25 years of age, and that the same happens occasionally but with less and less frequency at later years may probably be accepted. CONJUGAL CONDITION. Nature of iiiquiry.—Kxevy negro in the United States should have been returned by the enumerator with one or another of the following entries written against his name in column 9 of the population schedule: S, indicating that the person was single or unmarried; M, indicating that the person was married; Wd, indi- cating that the person was widowed; or D, indicating that the person was divorced. Some enumerators, however,^ failed to make any entry, so that in the tabu- lation a fifth class of unknown became necessary. But as not more than 2 negroes in each 1,000 were so reported that class may be neglected. A similar tabu- lation was made for the census of 1890, but for no earlier census. In considering the statistics of coniugal condition it should be borne in mind that the Census Bureau has no means of checking or verifying the returns CONJUGAL CONDITION. 47 of the enumerators. Unquestionably many negroes, who have never been united by a marriage ceremony, and many who, after a legal marriage, have separated and formed other and illegal unions, regarded and reported themselves as married to those with whom they were cohabiting at the date of the census. The following statements, while by no means typical of conditions all over the South, are undoubtedly true of a large propor- tion of negroes. "Legal marriage is not considered absolutely necessary. Of 40 couples who reported themselves as married . . . only 20 were legally mar- ried in the church or by the civil authorities. . . . Numerous cases are seen of two persons legally married and yet each living with a different person and re- porting as being married to the second."' Total popxilation . — The results of the two enumera- tions of conjugal condition are briefly stated in Table XLIII. Table XLIII.— NEGRO POPULATION AND WHITE POPULATION CLASSIFIED BY CONJUGAL CONDITION, AND PER CENT DISTRIBUTION: 1900 AND 1890. POPULATION. PER CENT DISTRIBUTION. CONJUGAL CONDITION. Negro. White. Negro. White. 1900 1S90 1900 1890 1900 18(10 1900 1890 8,833,994 7,470,040 66,809,190 54,983,890 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Single 6,346,262 2,867,572 566,396 33,071 21,693 4, 669, 613 2,363,231 411,888 16, 907 9,601 38, 434, 039 24,779,046 3,312,355 164,520 119,236 32,351,452 19, 918, 836 2,653,749 104, 960 54,893 60.5 32.5 6.4 0.4 0.2 62.5 31.7 6.6 0.2 0.1 67.5 37.1 6.0 0.2 0.2 58.8 Married 36.2 Widowed - 4.7 Divorced 0.2 ' 0.1 The preceding figures show that about three-fifths of the negroes are reported as single, nearly one-third as married, about one-sixteenth as widowed, and one two- hundred and fiftieth as divorced. In the course of ten years the class of single has lost ground relatively and each of the other classes has gained. The negroes differ from the whites in having a larger proportion of single, widowed, and divorced, and a smaller proportion of married. The statistics of conjugal condition among southern whites may be different from the average for all whites, and in that case a comparison between the two races in the South would be more significa-nt than one for the two races in the entire countrJ^ Table xliv has there- fore been prepared. Table XLIV. -NEGRO POPULATION AND WHITE POPULATION CLASSIFIED BY CONJUGAL CONDITION, AND PER CENT DISTRIBUTION, FOR THE SOUTH: 1900 AND 1890. POPULATION. PER CENT DISTRIBUTION CONJUGAL CONDITION. Negro. White. Negro. White. 1900 1890 1900 1890 1900 1890 1900 1890 7,922,969 6,741,941 16, 621, 970 13,079,725 100.0 100.0 100.0 100 Single 4,846,846 2, 538, 397 491,643 28,137 17,946 4, 260, 262 2,110,870 389, 220 13,259 8,330 10,006,749 5,717,117 747,522 26,699 23,883 8, 112, 564 4,367,601 581,710 15,469 12,381 61.2 32.0 6.2 0.4 0.2 63.1 31.3 5.3 0.2 0.1 60.6 34.6 4.5 0.2 0.1 62.0 33.3 4.5 0.1 0.1 The differences between .southern negroes and south- ern whites in the statistics of conjugal condition are much less than those between all negroes and all whites. In the whole country 605 negroes per thousand and 575 whites per thousand are single, a difference between the races of 30. But in the South 612 negroes per thousand and 606 whites per thousand are single, a difference between the races of only 6. Similarly, in continental United Slates there are 46 more married whites than negroes per thousand, but for the Southern states the difference between the races is only 26. Adult population. — The negro race has a much larger proportion of children than the white race, and a some- what larger proportion than southern whites. Marriage is confined to adults, a period which is usually assumed in statistics of marriage to begin at the age of 15. To be sure, in continental United States 4,394 children under 15 years of age, over five-sixths of them girls, were reported as married, but this is an insignificant number in comparison with the 8,080,234 children 1 Department of Labor, Bulletin 38, page 102 (January, 1902). 48 NEGROES IN THE UNITED STATES. between 10 and 14 years of age. Accordingly it is necessary to exclude the children before one can be sure that marriage is less common among negroes than whites. This is done in the following table: Table XL V.— NEGRO POPULATION AT LEAST 15 YEARS OF AGE AND WHITE POPULATION AT LEAST 15 YEARS OF AGE, CLASSIFIED BY CONJUGAL CONDITION, AND PER CENT DISTRIBUTION: 1900 AND 1890. POPULATION AT LEAST 15 YEARS OF AGE. FEB CENT DISTRIBUTION. CONJUGAL CONDITION. Negro. White. Negro. White. 1900 1890 1900 1890 1900 1890 1900 1890 Continental United States . 5,323,591 4,295,271 44,291,680 35,939,102 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 1,836,968 2, 866, 703 565,340 33,059 21, 521 1,495,078 2,362,947 411,877 15,900 9,469 15,920,736 24,775,625 3,312,259 164,498 118,662 13,307,975 19,917,695 2,553,743 104,954 54,735 34.5 53.9 10.6 0.6 0.4 34.8 65.0 9.6 0.4 0.2 35.9 55.9 7.5 0.4 0.3 37.0 55.4 7.1 0.3 0.2 The preceding table shows that among 1,000 negroes at least 15 years of age, 345 are single and 539 are married, while among 1,000 whites of the same age, 14 more are single and 20 more are married, the total difference of 34 being almost balanced by the fact that among the negroes 31 more in each 1,000 are widowed than among the white's. The relatively short life of the negro population would lead one to expect a rather large number of this class, but the difference between the two races seems to be too great to be accounted for in that way. One is disposed to believe that no small number of the 565,340 negro widows or widowers were persons whose conjugal relations had been ended by separation rather than by death and whose conjugal condition, therefore, has been inaccurately described. It is noteworthy also that while there has been an in- crease on the part of each race in the reported number of divorced persons, that increase has been much greater among the negroes than among the whites. The num- ber of divorced negroes in the decade has much more than doubled, while the number among the whites has increased about 60 per cent. While the proportion of married among the adults of the two races in 1890 was about the same, the proportion among the whites in- creased in ten years, while that among the negroes decreased, so that in 1900 among J ,000 whites at least 15 years of age, 20 more were married than among 1,000 negroes. Here again fuller light upon the situation can be obtained when the comparison is limited to the negroes and whites of the South Atlantic and South Central states, as has been done in the following table: Table XLVI.— NEGRO POPULATION AT LEAST 15 YEARS OF AGE AND WHITE POPULATION AT LEAST 15 YEARS OF AGE, CLASSIFIED BY CONJUGAL CONDITION, AND PER CENT DISTRIBUTION, FOR THE SOUTH: 1900 AND 1890. POPULATION AT LEAST 15 YEARS OF AGE. PER CENT DISTRIBUTION. CONJUGAL CONDITION. Negro. White. Negro. White. 1900 1890 1900 1890 1900 1890 1900 1S90 South Atlantic and South Central divisionB 4,652,761 3,793,563 10,056,729 7,785,256 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Single 1,577,678 2,537,576 491,589 28,126 17,792 1,302,198 2,110,600 359,209 13,252 8,304 3,543,776 5,715,122 747,471 26,692 23, 668 2,818,915 4,356,822 581,707 15,464 12,348 33.9 64.5 10.6 0.6 0.4 34.3 55.6 9.5 0.4 0.2 35.3 56.8 7.4 0.3 0.2 Married 36.2 Widowed 56.0 7.5 Unknown : 0.2 0.1 Among 1,000 southern negroes at least 15 years of age the number of widowed exceeds by 32 the number of this class among 1,000 southern white adults, this difference being offset by an excess of 14 single and 23 married per thousand among the whites. This differ- ence in the proportion married was only 4 in 1890, the proportion among the whites having increased by 8 and that among the negroes having decreased by 11 during the ten years. Sex. — The relations become a little clearer when the distinction between the sexes is drawn. Table 19 shows that the number of negro husbands in continental United States was 1,423,039; the number of negro wives was 1,444,633; showing 21,494 more negro wives than husbands. In a monogamous country and migration aside, one would expect the total number of husbands and wives to be equal. The slight diver- gence in this case of 1.5 per cent is probably due not to the immigration of somewhat more negro wives than husbands, and not to the fact that more negro women are married to white men than white women to negro men The latter statement may be correct, but the number of sucl»union.s between members of the different races IS probably so small as not materially to affect the total CONJUGAL CONDITION. 49 A more probable explanation, at least, is that the dif- ference results from inaccurate statements. In eyery great population there are rather more women than men who believe or allege that they are married. The figures of conjugal condition for negroes are given in Table 20 of the present bulletin, and those for whites may be obtained from the extended volumes of the Twelfth and Eleventh censuses. In the following table, for purpose of simplicity and clearness, only the per cents are given: Table LXVII. — Per cent distribution of population at least 15 years of age by conjugal condition, for the negro and white races by sex: 1900 and 1890. PER CENT DISTRIBUTION OF POPULATION AT LEAST 15 YEARS OF AGE BY CONJUGAL CONDITION. CONJUGAL CONDI- Male. Female. Negro. White. Negro. White, lilOO 18i)0 1900 1800 IflOO 18S0 IflOO 1890 Continental United States 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100,0 100. 100.0 Single 39.2 54.0 5.8 0.4 0.6 39.8 56.5 4.3 0.2 0.2 40.2 ,54.6 4.5 0.3 0.4 41,7 63,9 3,9 0,3 0.2 29.9 53.7 15.4 0.8 0.2 30.0 64.6 14.7 0.5 0,2 31,4 57,3 10,7 0.4 0.2 32 Married. . 57 Widowed Divorced Unltnown 10.6 0.4 0.1 The table shows that among negro men the number of single was less hy 10 per thousand, and of married less by 6 per thousand than among the whites, the differ- ence of 16 being counterbalanced mainly by an excess among negro widowers of 13 per thousand. Among negro women the number of single was less by 15 per thousand, and of married less by 36 than among white women, the difference of 51 being mainly counterbal- anced by an excess of 47 per thousand in the class of negro widows. Whether one accepts these figures at their face value, or regards no small part of the differ- ences as due to erroneous returns of conjugal condition among negroes, they reflect the brevity of married life among them, and the frequency with which the conjugal union comes to an end. With both races and both sexes the proportion of single declined between 1890 and 1900, the decline being greatest (15 per thousand) among white men, and least (1 per thousand) among negro women. With both sexes of the negro race the proportion of married also declined in the ten years, the decline per thousand being, in the case of men 15 and in the case of women 9. Meantime, with both sexes of the white race, the pro- portion of married increased, the increase in the case of men being 7 per thousand and in the case of women 3 per thousand. As a result, the number of married negro men per thousand in 1900 was 6 less and of mar- ried negro women 36 less than the corresponding number of married white men and women. As in previous instances the differences thus revealed between the negro and the white races for continental United States may be differences between the South and the North, rather than between the negro and the white. To ascertain whether or how far this is true, the per cents' have been computed for the two races in the Southern states. The results are given in the follow- ing table, in which for the sake of brevity and clear- ness the per cents alone have been included: Table XLVIII. — Per cent distribution of population at least 15 years of age by conjugal condition, for the negro and white races by sex, for the Soiith: 1900 and 1890. PER CENT DISTRIBUTION OF POPULATION AT LEAST 15 YEARS OF AGE BY CONJUGAL CONDITION, CONJUGAL CONDI- Male, Female. Negro, White, Negro. White. 1900 1890 1900 1890 1900 1890 1900 1890 South Atlantic and South Central di- visions: Total 100.0 100.0 100,0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 38.4 65.0 5.7 0.4 0.6 39.1 66.3 4.2 0.2 0,2 39,6 66,7 4,2 0,2 0.3 40.7 56.2 3.7 0.2 0.2 29.5 64.1 15.3 0.8 0.3 29.8 .55.0 14.5 0.5 0.2 30.7 58.0 10.8 0.3 0.2 31.6 Married Widowed Divorced Unknown 66.7 11.4 0.3 0.1 The preceding table shows that for each race and sex there was a decrease in the proportion of single, the decrease for negroes being less than for whites. With regard to the married there was a marked relative de- crease among negroes of both sexes, a decrease which was the more noteworthy because within the same period the proportion of married among southern whites of both sexes showed an increase. The decrease in the proportion of single and of married negroes is offset mainly by the increase in the proportion of negro widows and widowers. Among 1,000 negro men at least 15 years of age in 1890 there were 42 widowers, and in 1900, 57. Among 1,000 negro women at least 15 years of age in 1890 there were 145 widows, and in 1900, 153. During the same period the number of widowers among the southern whites increased 5 per thousand, or one-third as fast as among the negroes, and the number of widows decreased 6 per thousand. The proportion of divorced men among the negroes doubled and that of divorced women increased very rapidly. It may be easier to grasp the meaning of these figures if the classes of widowed and divorced be com- bined, the figures for unknown disregarded, and only the 3 classes, premarital, married, and postmarital distinguished as in the following summary: 1 MALE NEGROES. MALE WHITES. FEMALE NEGROES. FEMALE WHITES. 1900 1890 381 5S3 ■14 1900 1890 1900 295 541 161 1890 1900 1890 .■.,=.u 01 396 657 44 407 562 39 298 650 1,60 307 680 111 316 667 117 Married 50 NEGEOES IN THE UNITED STATES. The decrease in the proportion of married negroes of both sexes at the South during a decade in which the proportion of married whites of both sexes increased is a noteworthy fact which will be referred to "later (page 67) in connection with the proportion of children in the two races. The decrease in the proportion of white widows, contrary to the general tendency for the whole country, may be connected with the death of many whose husbands died during the Civil War. Sex and age. — In order to ascertain the present con- dition of the negro population with reference to mar- riage and the changes which have occurred within the decade 1890 to 1900, the only one for which the informa- tion exists, it is necessary to take account also of age. For this purpose persons under 15 years of age may be excluded as not of marriageable age. The others are divided by the census tables into eight age periods, as in Table xlix below. For the purpose of simplifying what is at best a somewhat complex tabulation the small number of persons of unknown marital condition have been grouped in the following tables with the single, the small number of divorced with the widowed, and per cents only have been given. Table XLIX.— PER CENT DISTRIBUTION BY CONJUGAL CONDITION, FOR THE NEGRO POPULATION BY SEX AND AGE PERIODS: 1900 AND 1890. AOB PERIOD. Continental United States; 15 years and over. , 15 to 19 years 20 to 24 years 25 to 29 years 30 to 34 years 35 to 44 years 45 to- 54 years 55 to 64 years 65 years and over .-^gc unknown PER CENT OF NEGRO MALE POPULATION- Single and un- known. 1900 98.2 64.9 33.4 21.4 13.5 7.4 6.6 5.0 46.7 1890 40.0 99.1 65.8 30.3 18.7 11.5 6.5 6.2 6.7 43.8 Married. 1900 64.0 1.7 33.8 63.3 73.7 79.1 81.4 78.6 69.6 47.4 1890 55.5 0.9 33.4 67.3 77.7 82.9 85.1 83.2 74.4 60.8 Widowed and divorced. 1900 0.1 1.3 3.3 4.9 7.4 11.2 16.9 25.4 5.9 1890 4.5 0.8 2.4 3.6 5.6 8.4 11.6 19.9 5.4 PER CENT OP NEGRO FEMALE POPULATION- Single and un- known. 1900 83.3 39.9 20.8 13.1 8.2 5.3 4.4 4.8 30.1 1890 85.0 38.3 17.7 11.8 7.5 5.0 4.4 4.7 27.7 1900 53.7 16.7 54.6 69.4 73.1 72.3 66.3 51.9 28.9 45.6 1890 54.6 14.4 57.3 73.7 76.4 74.7 66.3 51.6 29.0 47.7 Widowed and divorced. 1.0 5.5 9.8 13.8 19.5 29.4 43.7 66.3 24.3 1890 15.2 0.6 4.4 8.6 11.8 17.8 28.7 44.0 66.3 24.6 1 Less than one-tenth of 1 per cent. The preceding table shows that with both male and female negroes the per cent of single and unknown and of married among adults declined in the ten years, while the per cent of widowed and divorced correspondingly increased. But this decline in the per cent of single for males is confined to the age periods between 15 and 24 and over 65, negro males between 25 and 64 being more generally single in 1900 than in 1890. The decrease in the per cent of single at the extremes of life has been great enough to produce a decline in the total, notwithstanding an increase in five of the eight age periods. With the females the slight decline in the per cent of single among total negroes over 15 years of age is due to a decided decline in the per cent single among girls 15 to 19 years of age. The per cent single among negro women at least 20 years of age was larger in 1900 than in 1890 for each age period, with an insignificant exception for 55 to 64 years. Among negro men at least 15 years of age there has been a decline in the per cent married, a decline which appeared at every age period except the first two, 15 to 19 and 20 to 24 years; the same is true of women except that increases in the per cent married appear for the age periods 15 to 19 and 55 to 64 years. The increase in the proportion of widowed and divorced for each sex is not due to any change in the age composition of the population. For among males of all ages and among females at every age below 55 the proportion of widowed and divorced has increased in the ten years. It appears from this detailed analysis that the slight decline in the proportion of married persons among all negroes at least 15 years of age is due to a decline in the per cent married for each sex at substantially every age above 20 years, largely offset in the case of women and partly so in the case of men by an increase in early marriages, that is, among negroes 15 to 19 years of age. The latter change, which appears also among the whites, is probably a result of the unusual prosperity in the country immediately preceding the census of 1900. The former represents probably a more permanent tendency. The preceding table can be better understood when the figures for whites are also considered. As nine- tenths of the negroes live in the Southern states, and as the marital condition among southern whites differs not a little from that among northern whites, the table introduced for comparison is one for whites in the Southern states rather than for all whites. CONJUGAL CONDITION. 51 Table L.— PER CENT DISTRIBUTION BY CONJUGAL CONDITION, FOR THE WHITE POPULATION BY SEX AND AGE PERIODS, FOR THE SOUTPI: 1900 AND 1890. AGE PERIOD. Soutli Atlantic and South Central divisions 15 years and over 15 to 19 years 20 to 24 years 26 to 29 vears 30 to 34 years 35 to 44 years 45 to 54 years 65 to 64 years 65 years and over Age unknown PER CENT OF WHITE MALE POPULATION— PER :;ent of WHITE FEMALE POPULATION^ Single and un- known. Married. Widowed and divorced. Single and un- known. Married. Widowed and divorced. 1900 1890 1900 1890 1900 1890 1900 1890 1900 1890 1900 1890 39.9 40.9 55.7 55.2 4.4 3.9 30.9 31.6 58.0 56.7 11.1 11.7 98.2 99.0 1.7 1.0 0.1 (') 84.0 86.3 15.6 13.5 0.4 0.2 72.7 75.9 26.7 23.7 0.6 0.4 44.3 46.1 63.9 53.4 1.8 1.5 38.7 39.0 69.7 69.7 1.6 1.3 22.9 22.0 73.7 74.7 3.4 3.3 21,9 21.6 75.6 76.2 2.5 2.2 14.3 14.4 80.6 80.6 5.1 5.1 12.8 12.0 83.1 84.4 4.1 3.6 10.3 10.6 80.5 79.8 9.2 9.6 7.8 7.8 86.1 86.0 7.1 6.2 8.6 8.7 73.4 70.1 18.1 21.2 6.3 6.1 81.8 83.5 11.9 10.4 8.3 7.3 57.1 54.0 34.6 38.7 5.4 5.6 69.3 71.6 26.8 22.8 8.0 7.4 30.1 30.7 61.9 61.9 62.9 69.7 33.1 26.3 4.0 4.0 42.9 44.3 43.3 39.2 13.8 16.5 1 Less than one-tenth of 1 per cent. The table shows that among southern whites there has been a decline for both sexes in the per cent single and an increase in the per cent married, while the per cent widowed and divorced increased for the male and decreased for the female. The main difference between the two races, brought out by the two tables, is that among negroes there has been a slight decline, while among southern whites there has been a slight increase in the per cent married. In both races and for both sexes there has been an increase of early marriages. For males of both races an increase in the per cent mar- ried is shown for the early age periods 15 to 19 and 20 to 24 years, but for the later period the increase for whites is the more marked; in the age period, 25 to 29 years, the proportion of white men married was the same at each census while there was a decline among negroes. Up to the age of 30 the proportion of negro men mar- ried is greater than that of southern white men. But from 30 to 64 years the proportion of married among southern white men is greater than among the negro men. Marriages on the part of girls, 15 to 19 years of age, which were much more common among negroes than among whites in 1890, have increased in both races, but the increase among whites has been so much more rapid than among negroes that by 1900 the difference between the races had practically disappeared. This increase of early marriages among female negroes is confined to the first age period, 15 to 19, while among female southern whites it extends through the age period, 20 to 24 years, the difference between the races in the per cent married at that age period being 3.9 in 1890 and only 0.7 in 1900. At later ages there has been a decline in the proportion married on the part of males. The two races agree, then, in showing an increase in early marriages and for males a decline in the per cent married in later adult years; they differ in that the negroes show a decrease and the southern whites an increase in the per cent married among women in later adult years. As resultants of these two opposite movements the change among all adult negroes was in the direction of a slight decrease and among all adult southern whites in the direction of a slight increase in the per cent married. The proportion of widowed and divorced is also very much higher among negroes than among southern whites of like ages. Indeed, among men in each age period from 20 to 34 years of age and among women 15 to 44 years of age the per cent of widowed and divorced for negroes is about twice as high as for whites. This is due in part to the higher mortality of negroes, dis- cussed in the section on vital statistics, but probably even more to the more temporary character of the unions, that is, the higher mortality of negro marriages. Attention has been frequently called in this discus- sion to the differences between the statistics of negroes in the South, where the population is maintained almost exclusively by excess of births over deaths, and negroes in the North, where the population is maintained largely by immigration from the South. In order to determine whether this difference has effect upon the marital sta- tistics of negroes in the two sections, tables have been prepared for the negroes of the Southern states and for the negroes of the Northern and Western states. The results are as follows: 52 NEGROES IN THE UNITED STATES. Table LI.— PEE CENT DISTRIBUTION BY CONJUGAL CONDITION, FOR THE NEGRO POPULATION BY SEX AND AGE PERIODS, FOR THE SOUTH: 1900 AND 1890. PER CENT OF NEQBO MALE POPULATION— PER CENT OF NEGRO FEMALE POPULATION— AGE PEEIOD. Single and un- known. Married. Widowed and divorced. Single and un- known. Married. Widowed and divorced. 1900 1890 1900 1890 1900 1890 1900 1890 1900 1890 1900 1890 South Atlantic and South Central divisions: 38.9 39.3 65.0 66.3 6.1 4.4 29.8 30.0 54.1 55.0 16.1 15.0 15 to 19 years 98.1 62.9 30.3 18.5 11.4 6.3 4.8 4.4 44.8 99.0 63.8 27.2 16.2 9.9 6.7 4.7 6.2 42.4 1.8 35.7 66.2 76.4 81.2 82.8 79.7 70.7 49.5 1.0 36.4 70.3 80.1 84.6 86.2 84.1 76.5 62.3 0.1 1.4 8.6 5.1 7.4 10.9 15.6 24.9 6.7 'Is 2.6 3.7 5.6 8.1 11.2 19.3 6.3 82.8 38.2 19.4 12.3 7.6 5.0 4.1 4.6 29.5 84.6 36.8 16.6 11.2 7.2 4.7 4.2 4.5 28.2 16.1 56.0 70.5 73.8 73.0 66.2 52.7 29.5 46.8 14.8 58.6 74.6 77.0 75.2 67.0 52.4 29.6 48.1 1.1 5.8 10.1 13.9 19.6 28.8 43.2 65.9 23.7 O.f 4.( 25 to 29 years 8.i 30 to 34 years 11. S 35 to 44 years ... 17.6 28.3 43.4 65.9 23.f ^ Less than one-tenth of 1 per cent. Table LII.— PER CENT DISTRIBUTION BY CONJUGAL CONDITION, FOR THE NEGRO POPULATION BY SEX AND AGE PERIODS, FOR THE NORTH AND WEST: 1900 AND 1890. AGE PERIOD. North Atlantic, North Central, and Western divisions 15 years and over 15 to 19 years 20 to 24 years 25 to 29 years 30 to 34 years 35 to 44 years 45 to 54 years 55 to 64 years 65 years and over Age unknown PER CENT OF NEGRO MALE POPULATION- Single and un- known. 1900 1890 99.0 79.4 61.4 35.9 23.7 14.9 10.6 9.1 66.9 99.6 81.1 49.6 32.9 21.0 12.2 9.4 8.9 50.5 Married. 1900 1890 1.0 19.8 46.4 69.9 68.5 72.2 70.4 60.1 36.2 49.4 0.4 18.4 48.5 63.5 72.7 77.6 75.4 65.6 43.4 Widowed and divorced. 6.7 2.2 4.2 7.8 12.9 19.0 'Is 1.9 3.6 6.3 10.2 15.2 2.5.6 6.1 PER CENT OP NEGRO FEMALE POPULATION — Single and un- known. 53.5 29.6 17.9 11.3 7.4 6.0 6.4 34.1 89.5 50.0 26.2 16.7 10.3 7.0 6.8 6.0 26.1 Married. 1900 10.9 43.1 62.6 69.5 68.5 59.6 46.3 24.4 38.1 1890 51.3 10.1 46.7 67.2 72.3 70.3 60.6 45.7 25.0 46.4 Widowed and divorced. 1900 1890 17.0 0.5 3.4 7.8 12.6 20.2 33.0 47.7 69.2 27.8 17.0 0.4 3.8 7.6 12.0 19.4 32.4 48.6 69.0 29.6 ^ Less than one-tenth of 1 per cent. The tables show that for both sexes southern negroes are much more generally married than northern negroes, the difference between the two sections in 1900 in the per cent married being in the case of males 7.2, and in the case of females 3.8. That the difference between the sections for male negroes is nearly double that for female negroes is due at least in part to the fact that in the South, among 1,000 adult negroes, there are 16 more females than males, while in the North and West, among 1,000 adult negroes, there are 24 more males than females. The excess of males at the North rein- forces for that sex and counteracts for the females, the other influences tending to a smaller proportion of mar- ried persons in that section. In the proportion of widowed and divorced there is little difference between the two sections, the larger proportion of married at the South being offset by a smaller proportion of sin- gle. In both sections the per cent married decreased in the course of the ten year,';. The increase of early marriages, to which attention has already been called, appears clearly in both sections. The figures show that the increase of early marriages among males ex- tended through the age period, 20 to 24 years, both at the South and at the North and "West. Comparison of these tables indicates that the migra- tion of negroes from the Southern states to the North and West, the current of which has probably been greater in the last ten years than heretofore, is a par- tial but not a complete explanation of the decrease in the proportion of married among negroes of both sexes. BREADWINNERS. JVature of inquiry. —Columns 19 and 20 of the popu- lation schedule were headed jointly " Occupation, trade, or profession of each person ten years of age and over." Column 19 then called for the occupation and column 20 for the months during the census year, namely, from June 1, 1899 to May 31, 1900, inclusive, during which the person was not employed. The instructions issued to the enumerators for filling this schedule called for a return for every person 10 years of age and over who was engaged in gainful labor during any part of the census year, or who was ordinarily so engaged, even though he had been unable to secure work during that OCCUPATIONS. 53 time. A brief name for this class being almost essen- tial, the word breadwinner' has been applied to it throughout the following discussion. The difficulties inherent in any satisfactory report and classification of occupations are accentuated where many members of the class from which the reports come are ignorant and unable or unwilling to state accurately the exact kind of work they do. Accord- inglj-, the occupation returns for the negro population are less trustworthy than the average. It is true also that occupations are less differentiated among this class so largely occupied with agricultural industry or the simple forms of unskilled labor. Occupations were tabulated for the separate races only at the censuses of 1890 and 1900, and it is there- fore only for these two censuses that the figures are available. Total number. — The following figures give a summary comparison between the number and proportion of whites and of negroes engaged in gainful or money getting occupations in 1900 and 1890: Table LIII. — Population and number and per cent engaged in gainful occupations, for the negro and whi-te races: 1900 and 1890. RACE. POPULATION. POPULATION AT LEAST 10 YEARS OF AGE ENGAGED IN GAINFUL OCCU- PATIONS. PER CENT OF POPULA- TION EN- GAGED IN GAINFUL OCCUPA- TIONS. 1900 1S90 1900 1890 1900 1890 Continental United States; Negro 8,833,994 66, 809, 196 7,470,040 54,983,890 3, 992, 337 24,913,071 3,073,164 19, 542, 188 46.2 37.3 41.1 White 35.5 The foregoing figures show that among every 1,000 negroes in continental United States, 452 are engaged in gainful occupations. The number so reported has sharply increased since 1890, when only 411 in 1,000 were breadwinners. The proportion among the negroes was much greater than among the whites, and while the proportion for both races has increased since 1890 the increase has been more marked among the negroes, so that the difference between the races in this respect has increased from 56 per thousand in 1890 to 79 per thou- sand in 1900. In the following table the comparison between the two races has been limited to the Southern states, where ' The term breadwinner must be understood in a sense somewhat different from its usual one. It includes "every person 10 years of age and over who is at work, that is, occupied in gainful labor." It does not include a person "who has retired from practice or business; or a wife or daughter living at home and assisting only in the household duties without pay," nor does it include a person who does domestic errands or family chores out of school hours, but regularly attends school. On the other hand, " if a boy or girl, above 10 years of age, is earning money regularly by labor, contrib- uting to the family support, or appreciably assisting in mechanical or ao-ricultural industry," he should be included. The foregoing extracts from various parts of the pamphlet of "Instructions to Enumerators," sections 153 to 223, will make clearer the meaning attached to the word by the Bureau of the Census. the industrial conditions are somewhat more uniform than in the entire country: Table LIV. — Population and number and per cent engaged in gainful occupations, for the negro and white races in the South: 1900 and 1890. RACE. POPULATION. POPULATION AT LEAST 10 YEARS OF AGE ENGAGED IN GAINFUL OCCU- PATIONS. PER CENT OF POPULA- TION EN- GAGED IN GAINFUL OCCUPA- TIONS. 1900 1890 1900 1890 1900 1890 South Atlantic and South Central di- visions: 7, 922, 969 16, 621, 970 6,741,941 13,079,726 3,544,749 6, 642, 865 2, 746, 084 4,003,426 44.7 34.2 40.7 White 30.6 The inferences already stated are not materially mod- ified by limiting the comparison between the two races to the Southern states. The main difference is that for the South all the per cents are smaller than for the entire country. But this is preeminently true of the whites, so that in the South the difference between the races in 1890 was 101 in the thousand and in 1900, 105, the corresponding figures for the whole country being as already stated, 56 and 79. In the Southern states about 10 per cent more of the negroes than of the whites are reported as having some gainful occupation. The proportion of children in the Southern states is much greater than in the country at large. In 1900 the per cent of the population of the South under 10 years of age was 27.7, while in the rest of the country it was 21.9, and in the whole country 23.7 (Twelfth Census, Abstract, Tables 50 and 51), showing in the South 6 more children to each 100 people than in the rest of the country. Now a child under 10 years of age is pre- sumed by the census to be unoccupied, and in those very few cases in which an occupation was reported it was not tabulated. As 274 out of every 1,000 negroes and only 233 out of every 1,000 whites in the country are under 10 years of age (Twelfth Census, Abstract, Table 11), it is fairer to exclude this class in making the comparison between the races. This has been done in the following table: Table LV. — Population at least 10 years of age and number and per cent engaged in gainful occupations, for the negro and white races: 1900 and 1890. POPULATION AT LEAST 10 YEARS OF AGE. RACE. 1900 1890 Number engaged in gainful occupati' IS. Per cent engaged in gainful oc- cupations. 1900 1890 1900 1890 Continental United States: Negro White 6,415,681 51,260,918 6,328,972 41,931,074 3, 992, 337 24,913,071 1 3,073,164 19, 542, 188 62.2 48.6 57.7 46.6 54 NEGROES IN THE UNITED STATES. When children are excluded the difference between the races is accentuated. Less than half the whites, but five-eighths of the negroes, were reported as bread- winners and while the number of white breadwinners per thousand of population increased but 20 in the ten years, that of the negroes increased 45. In the follow- ing table similar comparisons are made between the two races for the South: Table LVI. — Population at least 10 years of age and number and per cent engaged in gainful occupations, for the negro and white races in the South: 1900 and 1890. POPULATION AT LEAST 10 YEARS OF AGE. RACE. 1900 1890 Number engaged in gainful occupations. Per cent engaged in gainful oc- cupations. 1900 1890 1900 1S90 South Atlantic and South Central di- visions: 6,664,975 12,020,539 4,751,763 9,456,368 3,544,749 5,642,865 2, 746, 084 4,003,426 62.6 46.9 White The per cents for the negroes in the South differ but little from those for all negroes, but among whites in the South the per cent engaged in gainful occupations is noticeabl}"- less than for all whites, and in consequence the difference between the two races is increased when the figures for the North and West are excluded. The above table shows that the increase in the number of breadwinners among southern negroes has been a little more rapid than among southern whites. Of 1,000 southern negroes at least 10 years of age the number reported as having a gainful occupation in 1900 exceeded that in 1890 by 48; of 1,000 southern, whites the num- ber so reported in 1900 exceeded that in 1890 by 46. The proportion of southern whites engaged in gainful occupations has risen rapidly in the decade toward the proportion for all whites. In 1890 it was below the proportion for all whites by 43 per thousand; in 1900 it was below that proportion by only It. Sex.^-The, figures already given do not enable one to decide whether the larger proportion of negro bread- winners holds for each sex. Every one knows that agricultural labor and domestic service are much more entered by negro women than by white. The large number of female negroes at work might be so great as to cause the entire difference noted or even to overbal- ance a small excess of breadwinners among male whites. The following table gives the figures by sex: Table LVII. — Population at least 10 years of age by sex, and number and per cent engaged in gainful occupations, for the negro and white races: 1900 and 1890. POPULATION AT LEAST 10 YEARS OF AGE. RACE AND SEX. 1900 1890 Number engaged in gainful occupations. Per cent engaged in gainfcl oc- cupations. 1900 1890 1900 1890 Continental United States: Negro — ■ Male Female White- Male Female 3,181,660 3,233,931 26,327,931 24, 922, 987 2,646,171 2,682,801 21,578,246 20,362,829 2,675,497 1,316,840 20,923,178 3,989,893 2,101,379 971, 785 16,603,147 2,939,041 84.1 40.7 79.5 16.0 79.4 36.2 76.9 14.4 The foregoing figures show that in 1900 among 1,000 negro females at least 10 years of age 407 were reported as breadwinners. The corresponding number among white females was only 160. About 2 negro women out of 5 and 1 white woman out of 6 are breadwinners. Among males the difference between the two races in the per cent of breadwinners is 4.6; for both sexes together it is 13.6 (Table Lv); that is, about two-thirds of the difference between the races is due to the very much larger proportion of negro women at work. To ascertain whether the differences shown in the preceding table are materially affected by the indus- trial differences between the South and the North, the following table gives similar figures for the Southern states: Table LVIII. — Population at least 10 years of age by sex, and number and per cent engaged in gainful occupations, for the negro and white races in the South : 1900 and 1890. POPULATION AT LEAST 10 YEARS OP AGE. RACE AND SEX. 1900 1890 Number engaged in gainful occupations. Per cent engaged in gainful oc- cupations. 1900 1890 1900 1890 South Atlantic and South Central- di- Tisions: Negro- Male Female White- Male Female 2, 799, 434 2,866,541 6,146,438 5,874,101 2,349,113 2,402,650 4, 802, 579 4,653,789 2,360,972 1,183,777 4,950,097 692,768 1,861,685 884,449 8,539,500 463, 926 84.3 41.3 80.5 11.8 79.2 36.8 73.7 10.0 As in the former case, the per cent of negro bread- winners, male and female, is little affected by excluding the North and West. In both races and for both sexes OCCUPATIONS. 56 there has been an increase in the relative number of breadwinners in the last decade. This increase among female whites, like that among male and female negroes, has gone on in the South at about the same rate as in the country as a whole. Money earning on the part of white girls and women is still, however, much less common in the South than in the North and "West. Among every 1,000 female whites at least 10 years of age in the South 118 were reported as hav- ing a gainful occupation; in the North and West the number was 173, or 65 more. But the most marked change was among male whites in the South. Among each 1,000 of this class at least 10 years of age the num- ber of reported breadwinners in 1900 was greater by 68 than it was in 1890, an increase so great that in 1900 the proportion of male white breadwinners in the South was greater than that for the North and West. Among males in the Southern states the difference between the two races in the per cent of breadwinners is 3.8; for both sexes together it is 15.7 (Table lvi); that is, about three-fourths of the difference between the two races in the South is due to the very much larger proportion of negro women at work. Age. — Children and very old persons must be sup- ported by the labor of persons between the extremes of youth and old age. The time of life at which self- support begins differs with the precocity of the child, the class of work, and the ability and desire of the child's supporters to extend the period of training into the years of youth. As the census gets returns from all persons at least 10 years of age and classifies them by age periods it is possible to trace the rise and decline of gainful occupation from the age of 10 years to the end of life. The extended figures for the negroes will be found in Table 22 of this bulletin, those for whites in Tables 5, 6, and 7 of the Special Report on Occupa- tions. For present purposes the per cents alone are important. Table LIX. — Per cent of population engaged in gainful occupations, for the negro and white races by sex and age periods: 1900. XGB PEBIOD. Continemtal United States: 10 years and over 10 to 15 years 16 to 24 years 25 to 34 years 35 to 44 years 45 to 54 years 55 to 64 years 65 years and over . Age unknown PEE CENT OF POPULATION ENGAGED IN GAINFUL occupations: 1900. Male. Negro. 84.1 49.3 89.0 95.4 96.5 97.0 95.5 84.9 75.1 White.i 79.5 22.5 83.4 96.4 96.6 95.4 89.5 66.9 51.7 Female. Negro. 40.7 30.6 47.9 41.8 41.6 42.2 41.0 28.5 38.3 White.' 7.0 29.1 17.3 12.7 11.7 10.8 7.3 17.9 1 Figures are for continental United States, Alaska, Hawaii, and military and naval. The preceding table shows that in 1900 a larger rela- tive number of breadwinners is found among negroes than among whites for each sex and each age period, except 25 to 34 and 36 to 4A when, among men, the pro- portion of whites reported as occupied is slightly greater than that of negroes. The larger proportion of bread- winners among all male negroes at least 10 years of age is shown by this table to be due to the fact that they begin to work at an earlier age and stop at a later age than the whites. Of white boys between 10 and 15 years of age less than one-fourth have a gainful occu- pation; of negro boys of the same age nearly one-half are at work. This difference continues into the next age period, nearly nine-tenths of the negroes and only five-sixths of the whites between 16 and 2i years of age having a gainful occupation. From 25 to 56 years of age at least nineteen-twentieths of the men of each race are at work, and the differences between the races are insignificant. But between 56 and 65 a certain number of whites cease to work, the proportion of breadwinners sinking to a little less than nine-tenths. Among men at least 65 years of age five-sixths of the negroes and onlj' two-thirds of the whites are occupied. Among females the differences are much more strik- ing. Of negro girls between 10 and 16 nearly one- third are reported as at work; of white girls not quite one-fourteenth. At the next age period, 16 to 24, not far from one-half the female negroes are occupied, while the proportion among female whites is less than one-third. Among female whites the proportion of breadwinners is much less at the next age period, 25 to 34, and is still lower between 35 and 44, when only about 1 in 8 is engaged in gainful occupations. With negro women the proportion at later ages remains high. Between 25 and 65 years of age about 2 out of 5 are reported as breadwinners, and at the age of 65 years and over the proportion remains still above one-fourth. The figures show clearly that in the case of negro women marriage does not withdraw them from the field of gain- ful occupation to anything like the extent that it does white women. Gainful employment on the part of white women is evidently in many cases a preliminary to married life, a large proportion of the white women over 25 years of age who were at work being undoubtedly drawn from the ranks of the single and the widows. On the other hand a good part of the per cent of negro women between 25 and 64 years of age who were en- gaged in gainful occupations must have been married, as 68.3 per cent of all negro women between those ages were so reported. It is not to be inferred at once and without examina- tion that the great prevalence of child labor among negroes of both sexes is a racial rather than an eco- nomic characteristic. It may be due to the difference in the character of the occupations mainly followed by 56 NEGROES IN THE UNITED STATES. the two races. Farming is an industry in which work of some sort is easily found for young boys and old men, and farming at the South also provides a large field for the work of women. It is well known that the negro population of continental United States is much more exclusivelj' occupied in agriculture than is the white population. Of the male negro breadwinners in continental United States 58.4 per cent were returned as engaged in agricultural pursuits and 17.3 per cent were returned as laborers without further designation of the occupation. Probably most of these also were agricultural laborers. Of the male white breadwinners 37.2 per cent were engaged in agricultural pursuits and 9.6 per cent were laborers not specified. Probably about 70 per cent of the male negro workers and not much more than 40 per cent of the male white workers are engaged in farming. The most direct way to make a fair comparison be- tween the races, were it possible, would be to limit it to the Southern states where agriculture is the predomi- nant occupation of both. But the Report on Occupa- tions does not afford material for such a comparison. In default of that the following method may throw a little light on the problem: The negroes living in cities having at least 2,500 inhabitants are 22. 7 per cent of the entire number in continental United States (Table xii). The state which comes nearest to the same proportion of urban population is Kansas, with 22.5 per cent of its population in cities (Bulletin 4, Table 44), Kansas has 58.5 per cent of all its male breadwinners engaged in agricultural pursuits (Twelfth Census, Abstract, Table 66) which agrees closely with the per cent among all negro breadwinners (58.4). The proportion of ne- groes in Kansas (3.5 per cent) is negligible. The pro- portion of males and females at each age engaged in gainful occupations in Kansas may then be deemed typical of the proportions prevailing in a white popula- tion having about the same proportion engaged in agri- culture that is found among all negroes. The results appear in the following table: Table LX. — Per cent engaged in gainful occupations, for the negro population of continental United States and the total population of Kansas by sex and age periods: 1900. , AGE PERIOD. 10 year.s and over 10 to 1-5 years 16 to 2-t year.s 26 to 34 years 35 to 44 years 45 to 54 years 55 to 64 years 65 years and over Age unknown PER CENT ENGAGED IN GAINFUL OCCUPATIONS; 1900. In male negro popu- lation of continen- tal United States. 89.0 95.4 96.6 97.0 96.5 84.9 75.1 In male population of Kansas. In female negro popu- lation of continen- tal United states. 19.9 78.0 95.5 96.7 95.8 87.7 64.1 65.2 40.7 80.6 47.9 41.8 41.6 42.2 41.0 28.5 In female population of Kansas. 2.2 18.8 12.0 8.4 8.7 8.8 6.0 16.5 Inferences derived from Table mx comparing all negroes with all whites are not materially modified by the present figures. Both show that the larger pro- portion of negro men at work is due to the fact that they begin earlier in life and that a larger proportion of them work through later years. In Kansas the pro- portion of the total male population from 25 to 34 and 35 to 44 years of age at work was slightly larger than that for the male negro population of continental United States at corresponding ages. In the prevalence of female labor the difference between the total popula- tion in Kansas and the negro population of conti- nental United States is more marked than that between the two races for the whole country. In Kansas only one-tenth of the total female population, and in the country as a whole about one-sixth of the female white population is gainfully employed; while the proportion of the total women of Kansas between 35 and 65 years of age who are breadwinners is only one-fifth that of the negi'o women of the country at corresponding ages. Conjugal condition. — Some light is thrown upon the figures for occupations when the per cent engaged in gainful occupations is computed for each conjugal con- dition and for each race. It has been assumed that all the married, widowed, and divorced who were earning money were at least 15 years of age. On this assump- tion the per cent of each class and sex and race who were breadwinners was as follows: Table LXI. — Per cent of population at least 15 years of age engaged in gainful occupations, for the negro and white races by sex and con- jugal condition: 1900 and 1890. PER CENT OF POPULATION AT LEAST 15 YEARS OF AGE ENGAGED IN GAINFUL OCCUPATIONS. CONJUGAL CON- DITION. 1900 1890 ,< Male. Female. Male. Female. Negro. White.i Negro. White.' Negro. WMte. Negro. White. Continental United States . 92.1 89.0 43.2 17.8 91.7 88.3 39.9 16.3 Single and unknown . Married Widowed ... Divorced 86.9 96.1 89.5 93.7 83.8 94.1 75.8 88.9 60.5 26.0 67.0 82.2 41.5 3.2 25.1 49.0 82.6 98.3 92.3 96.8 79.7 96.7 77.9 90.1 59.3 22.7 62.6 79.8 38.3 2.6 23.4 43.6 andTila^^ ^^^ '"'' <=°°*'''^"*'^1 ^Iniiei States, Alaska, Hawaii, and military The figures in the preceding table indicate that the greatest difference between the races is found in the case of the married females, the proportion of negro wives who are breadwinners being about eight times, that of white wives. The table also indicates that among females of each race in each of the 4 conjugal classes the proportion of breadwinners in 1900 was greater than it was in 1890. Among the males of each race, however, the proportion is higher only in the case of the single; the husbands, widowers, and divorced men OCCUPATIONS. 57 of each race apparentlj' being a little less generally occupied in 1900 than in 1890, and the increase among the total occupied males being due, therefore, to the fact that the increase among the single men over- balanced the slight decline in each of the other three classes. LEADING OCCUPATIONS. Distribution hy occupations. — In grouping occupa- tions the Bureau of the Census recognizes five main classes, namely, agricultural pursuits, professional serv- ice, domestic and personal service, trade and transporta- tion, and manufacturing and mechanical pursuits. But with a population group including so large a propor- tion of unskilled labor as the negroes and one with so wide a margin of error in its replies, the lines between these classes are faint and elusive. For example, the large number of persons whose occupation was returned as ' ' laborer " with no further explanation of its nature is a serious stumbling block. Among the negro bread- winners in 1890, 11.4 per cent and in 1900, 13.7 per cent were returned simply as "laborers." Such per- sons might be farm laborers, railway laborers, factory laborers, or household laborers, and thus belong to any one of the five classes, except the one of least numerical importance, the professional class. Various difficulties, of which this is perhaps the most important, make it seem probable that in some cases, at least, the lines between specific occupations are more clearly defined and so more accurately followed by the enumerators than the lines between the five occupation groups. We pass, therefore, directly to the specific occupations. The tables of the Twelfth and Eleventh censuses giv- ing the race of persons engaged in specified occupations in the several states and territories, omit certain occupa- tions followed in the state or territory by only a few persons. On this account it is impossible to state the exact number of southern negroes or whites engaged in a specified occupation, but only the sum of the numbers separately reported for the several Southern states and territories. Table 21 of this bulletin gives the number of negroes at least 10 years of age engaged in each of 140 occupations in 1900, classified by sex, f9r the area of enumeration and for continental United States. In the general tables of the Special Report on Occupations corresponding figures for whites and other races are shown for the area of enumeration, but not for conti- nental United States. For this bulletin figures for whites in continental United States in 1900 have been computed by adding together the numbers separately reported for a specified occupation in each state and territory. Figures thus obtained necessarily include only the number of persons classified by sex and race in the table for states and territories, and are therefore slightly less than the correct totals, which are not available from the statistics of occupations for 1900. The following table states the number of negroes in continental United States in each of the 27 occupations which gave employment to at least 10,000 negroes in 1900: Table LXII. — Negro population at least 10 yean of age engaged in specified occupations, and per cent distrihutiov: 1900. OCCUPATION. NEGRO POPULATION AT LEAST 10 YEARS OF AGE ENGAGED IN GAINFUL OCCUPATIONS: 1900. Number. Continental Uniterl States; AU occupations Occupations giving employment to at least 10,000 negroes in 1900 Agricultural laborers Farmers, planters, and overseers Laborers (not speciiied) Servants and waiters Launderers and laundresses Draymen, hackmen, teamsters, etc Steam railroad employees Miners and quarrymen Saw and planing millemployees Porters and helpers (in stores, etc. ) Teachers and professors in colleges, etc . . Carpenters and joiners Turpentine farmers and laborers Barbers and hairdressers. .' Nurses and midwives Clergymen Tobacco and cigar factory operatives Hostlers Masons (brick and stone) Dressmakers Iron and steel workers Seamstresses Janitors and sextons Housekeepers and stewards Fishermen and oystermen Engineers and firemen (not locomotive) . Blacksmiths Other occupations 3, 992, 337 3, 607, 008 1, 344, 125 757, 822 645,935 465, 734 220, 104 67,585 65, 327 36, 561 33, 266 28, 977 21,267 21, 113 20,744 19, 942 19, 431 16, 528 15, 349 14,496 14, 386 12, 569 12, 327 11,537 11,536 10, 596 10, 427 10, 224 10, 100 185, 329 Per cent distribU' tion by occupa- tion. 100.0 96.4 33.7 19.0 13.7 11.7 6.5 1.7 1.4 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 4.6 Total of per cents in column 2, to and including specified occupa- tion. 33.7 52.7 66.4 78.1 83.6 85.3 86.7 87.6 88.4 89.1 89.6 90.1 90.6 91.1 91.6 92.0 92.4 92.8 93.2 93.5 93.8 94.1 94.4 94.7 96.0 95.2 95.4 100.0 ^In the preceding table the second column gives the per cent that the negroes in the specified occupation constituted of all negroes in all forms of gainful occu- pations, and the third column gives the cumulative per cent as it is called, that is, the per cent that the number in the occupation specified together with all those pre- ceding, constituted of all negroes in gainful occupations. Thus, this column shows that negro agricultural labor- ers, farmers, planters, and overseers, laborers (not specified), servants and waiters, and launderers and laundresses, constituted 83.6 per cent or about five- sixths of the negroes in all gainful occupations in conti- nental United States. The same column shows thatthese 27 occupations include 96.4 per cent, or over nineteen- twentieths of all negroes in gainful occupations. Table lxiii gives for continental United States the number of negroes engaged in each of the 27 leading occupations in 1900 and 1890 and the number and per cent of increase. Table Lxrv gives for the South the same information for the negroes, Indians, and Mon- golians. 58 NEGROES IN THE UNITED STATES. Table LXIII.- ■Negro populaiion at least 10 years of age engaged in occupations: 1900 and 1890. OCCUPATION. Continental United States: All occupations Occupations giving employment to at least 10,000 negroes in 1900 , Agricultural laborers Farmers, planters, and overseers . . Laborers (not specified) Servants and waiters Launderers and laundresses Draymen, hackmen, teamsters, etc Steam railroad employees Miners and quarrymen Saw and planing mill employees.. Porters and helpers (in stores, etc.) Teachers and professors in colleges, etc .' Carpenters and joiners Turoentine farmers and laborers . . Barbers and hairdressers Nurses and midwives Clergymen Tobacco and cigar factory operatives Hostlers Masons (brick and stone) Dressmakers Iron and steel workers Seamstresses Janitors and sextons Housekeepers and stewards Fishermen and oystermen Engineers and firemen (not loco- motive) Blacksmiths Other occupations 185,329 NEGRO POPULATION AT LEAST 10 YEARS OF AGE ENGAGED IN GAINFUL OCCU- PATIONS. -3, 992, 337 3,807,008 1,344,126 757,822 646, 935 466, 734 220,104 67,586 55, 327 36,661 33,266 28,977 21,267 21, 113 20, 744 19,942 .19,431 16,528 15, 349 14, 496 14, 886 12, 669 12, 327 11,537 11, 536 10, 596 10,427 10,224 10, 100 3, 073, 164 '2,917,169 1,106,728 690, 666 349, 002 401, 215 163,684 43, 963 47,548 19,007 17,276 11,694 15,100 22, 681 C) 17, 480 6, 213 12,169 15,004 10, 600 9,760 7,686 6,579 11,846 6,945 9,248 10, 071 6,326 10, 988 ■'155,995 IncreELse; 1890 to 1900. Num- ber. 919, 173 ■869,096 237, 397 167, 166 196,933 64,519 66,420 23, 622 7,779 17, 664 16,990 17,283 6,167 n,468 2,462 14,218 3,369 346 3,996 4,626 4,983 5,748 2 309 5,591 1,348 356 * 60, 078 Per cent. 129.8 21.5 28.3 66.4 16.1 43.2 53.7 16.4 92.4 92.6 147,8 40.8 26.5 14.1 272.7 27.7 2.3 38.1 47.4 66.7 87.4 22.6 94.0 14.6 3.6 61.6 28.1 *32.1 1 Excludes turpentine farmers and laborers. 2 Decrease. 8 Turpentine farmers and laborers were included in ' ' other agricultural pur- BUits "in 1890. * Includes turpentine farmers and laborers. Table LXIV. — Negro, Indian, and Mongolian population at least 10 years of age engaged in specified occupations for the South: ' 1900 and - 1890. OCCUPATION. South Atlantic and South Central divi- sions: All occupations 27 occupations Agricultural laborers Farmers, planters, and overseers. Laborers (not specified ) Servants and waiters Launderers and laundresses , Draymen, hackmen, teamsters, etc. Steam railroad employees Miners and quarrymen Saw and planing mill employees . Porters and helpers (in stores, etc.) . Teachers and professors In colleges, etc Carpenters and joiners Turoentine farmers and laborers - . Barbers and hairdressers Nurses and midwives Clergymen Tobacco and cigar factory operatives Hostlers Masons (brick and stone) Dressmakers .» Iron and steel workers Seamstresses Janitors and sextons Housekeepers and stewards Fishermen and oystermen Engineers and firemen (not loco- motive) Blacksmiths Other occupations . NEGEO, INDIAN, AND MONGOLIAN POPU- LATION AT LEAST 10 YEARS OF AGE ENGAGED IN GAINFUL OCCUPATIONS. 1900 3,567,421 3,427,208 1, 320, 876 752, 286 460, 625 338,203 191,825 48, 810 61,619 27,657 32, 675 17,498 19,188 19,461 20,660 10,343 17,286 12,841 14, 296 8,637 9,926 8,296 8,736 9,766 3,660 6,901 9,984 7,694 8,979 140, 213 1890 2,750,444 1,079,795 573, 744 281, 194 307, 981 131, 662 32,436 44,397 12,587 16,461 {') 13, 317 20, 691 8,025 4,221 10,159 14, 013 6,346 8,999 4,649 Increase: 1890 to 1900. Num- ber. 241, 080 178,642 169,331 30,222 60, 163 16,374 7,222 14, 970 16, 124 6,871 n,140 2,318 13, 066 2,682 283 4,301 3 446 986 3,045 Per cent. 22.3 31.1 60.2 9.8 45.7 60.6 16.3 118.9 98.0 44.1 .85.6 28.9 309.6 26.4 2.0 S7.O 10.9 1 The tables of the Twelfth and Eleventh censuses in regard to the race of per- sona engaged in specified occupations in the several states and territories, omit certain occupations followed in the state or territory by only a few persons. On this account it is impossible to state the exact number of southern negroes or whites engaged in a specified occupation, but only the sum of the numbers separately reported for the several Southern states and territories. 2Not separately reported for states and territories. s Decrease. For reasons already specified the boundary lines be- tween agricultural laborers, farmers, planters and over- seers, and laborers not specified, are so ill defined that it seems inadvisable to attempt an interpretation of the figures regarding these occupations. Accordingly, the following discussion begins with the occupation "serv- ants and waiters," and pays special attention to those occupations, the boundary lines of which are believed to be most clearly defined. Servcmts and waiters. — In continental United States in 1890 there were 401,215 negroes whose occupation was returned as that of servant or waiter; in 1900 the number was 465,734, an increase during the decade of 64,519, or 16.1 per cent. During the same period the reported number of white servants and waiters increased from 1,035,748 to 1,077,877, or 4.1 per cent. It will be noticed that in both cases the apparent increase of this class was less, in the case of the whites very much less, than the increase of the population. As a result of this there were reported in 1890, 232 servants and waiters to each 10,000 people, and in 1900 only 205. It is hardly possible to accept these figures as indicat- ing anything more than an increasing differentiation of occupations and a shifting of the lines between this class of occupations and others. As will appear later, the more specialized classes of occupations which come closest to those of servants and waiters, such as house- keepers and stewards, launderers and laundresses, and nurses and midwives, have been increasing much more rapidly than the popalation. The class of servants and waiters maybe regarded then, to some degree, as a resid- ual class oat of which these other occupations have been gradually differentiated. If such a process is in prog- ress, it would affect first the higher grades of service. The low percentage of increase among white servants and waiters may perhaps be interpreted as indicating that this process of specialization has been in more rapid progress among them than among the negroes. But the industrial conditions at the South are so dif- ferent from those at the North and West that here again one is in danger of being misled unless attention is confined to the two races in that part of the country. In 1890 there were 408,941 servants and waiters in the Southern states; in 1900 the number had increased to 435,940, or 6.6 per cent. As the population increased much more rapidly than this, there were in 1890 in the South 206 servants and waiters to every 10,000 per- sons, and in 1900 only 178. The proportion of non- Caucasians in the total class of servants and waiters increased during the decade from 753 per thousand in 1890 to 776 in 1900. The differentiation and specialization suggested as a cause of the decline in the number of servants and waiters relative to population probably progresses more rapidly in a city than in a country district. Whether the proportion of negroes in the servant and waiter class is higher and has increased more rapidly in the southern cities than in the whole South may be indi- cated by the figures for the District of Columbia OCCUPATIONS. 59 containing more negroes than any other city in the country. The ratio of servant.s and waiters to popula- tion in the District of Columbia (72 per thousand) is four times the average for the whole South, but the proportion, like that for the whole country and the whole South, has decreased since 1890, when it was 76 per thousand. Among these servants and waiters in the District of Columbia (17,291 in 1890 and 20,129 in 1900) the proportion of non-Caucasians has increased from 839 per thousand in 1890 to 866 in 1900, the pro- portion of whites decreasing to correspond from 161 per thousand in 1890 to 134 in 1900. The per cent non- Caucasian in total population in the District of Columbia (31.3 per cent) is about the same as in the whole South (32.6 per cent), and yet the proportion of non-Caucasians among the servants and waiters in the District of Columbia is greater than that for the whole South (866 per thousand for the District of Columbia, 776 per thousand for the whole South), and is increasing some- what more rapidly (27 in the per thousand in the District of Columbia, and 23 in the per thousand in the whole South, 1890 to 1900). These figures seem to support the explanation suggested. Launderers and laundresses. — In 1900 there were 220,104 negro launderers and laundresses reported in continental United States. The number reported in 1890 was only 153,684, indicating an increase during the decade of 66,420, or 43.2 per cent. Meantime the white launderers and laundresses in the country in- creased from 74,663 in 1890 to 139,636- in 1900, or 87.1 per cent, about twice as fast as the negroes. In 1890 there were 619 negro launderers and laundresses in each 1,000 engaged in that industry, while in 1900 there were but 570, a loss of 49. There was a decline also in the proportion of Chinese, Japanese, and Indians in the industry, the proportion of whites rising from 300 per thousand in 1890 to 362 in 1900. But these figures need to be supplemented by those for the Southern states alone. In so doing the figures for all non-Caucasians must be used. Non-Caucasian launderers and laundresses increased at the South from 131,662 in 1890 to 191,826 in 1900, or 45.7 per cent, which is between two and three times as fast as the increase in the negro population of the counti-y. Probably much of this increase is due to the differentiation of occupations, both in work and name, which was in progress during the decade. The occupation of laundering at the South is very largely monopolized by the negro race, 93.5 per cent of all launderers and laundresses in 1890 and 91.2 in 1900 being non-Caucasians. The figures suggest, however, that in 1900 the monopoly was a little less complete than in 1890. The following table gives the number of non- Caucasian launderers and laundresses reported for each Southern state in 1900 and 1890, and the per cent they make of the total persons in that occupation. The per cent that the non-Caucasians rnake of the total population is shown in the lagt column. Table LXV. — Mtmfter and per cent of -negro, Indian, and Mongolian launderers and laundresites: 1900 and 1890. STATE OB TERRITORY. NEGRO, INDIAX, AND MONGOLIAN LAUNDERERS AND L A U N - DRESSES. PEE CENT OF NE- GROES, INDIANS, AND MONGO- LIANS AMONG I.AUNDEREK8 AND L A U N- DEESSES. Per cent negro, Indian, and Mongo- lian in total popula- tion: 1900 1890 1900 1890 1900. The South 191,828 131,662 91.2 93.6 32.6 South Atlantic division 99,309 , 75,808 93.5 95.4 35.8 Northern South Atlantic. 37,083 26, 732 89.2 92.3 23.7 477 9,642 7,321 18, 871 772 62,226 292 8,208 5,403 12,373 456 49,076 77.7 84.9 95.5 94.2 41.2 96.2 84.6 89.3 95.9 95.8 62.7 97.2 16.6 Maryland .. 19.8 District of Columbia — Virginia 31.3 35.7 West Virginia 4.5 Southern South Atlantic. 44.8 12,116 12,715 30,218 7,177 92, 516 7,622 7,506 29, 472 4,476 .55,854 93.1 97.7 97.3 94.5 88.8 93.8 97.9 98.4 94.6 90.9 33.3 South Carolina 58.4 46.7 43.7 South Central division 30.3 Eastern South Central .... 57, f,33 35, 013 91.6 92.8 33.2 11,540 18,322 17,106 10, 665 34,883 7,656 10, 466 10, 259 6,642 20,841 83.1 89.6 96.8 97.8 84.6 86.1 91.0 97.1 97.9 87,9 13,3 23.8 Alabama 46.3 58.7 Western South Central. . . . 27.0 13, 282 5,208 481 373 15,539 8,711 2,948 68' 9,114 92.8 86.6 59.5 68.0 80.2 90.0 91.9 47.2 Arkansas 28.0 Indian Territory 22.8 85.0 7.7 Texas 20.4 1 Per cent not shown where base is less than 100. Draymen., hackmen., teamsters, etc. — The number of negro draymen, hackmen, teamsters, etc., reported in 1900 in continental United States was 67,585. The num- ber in 1890 was 43,963, an increase of 23,622, or 53.7 per cent, in the decade. Meantime the whites in this occupation increased from 324,311 to 470,169, or 45 per cent. These figures seem to indicate that the negroes are more than holding their own in this field of work. But close analysis shows that the high rate of increase among negroes is due in large degree to the fact that in the South the reported number of draj'men, hack- men, and teamsters increased 62.8 per cent, while in the rest of the country it increased only 42.8 per cent. When the figures are confined to the Southern states, it is found that the non-Caucasians in this occupation increased 50.5 percent, and the whites increased 74.9 per cent. In 1890 there were at the South 1,079 more non-Caucasian than white draymen, hackmen, and team- sters; and in 1900 there were 6,044 more white than non-Caucasian. Or stating the relations proportion- ately of 1,000 draymen, hackmen, and teamsters at the South in 1890, 508 were non-Caucasians; in 1900 only 471 were non-Caucasians. Steam railroad em/ployees. — This occupation group includes many different sorts of work, with different degrees of skill and different rates of compensation. It will be passed over, therefore, with little attention. One may notice, however, that in the country as a whole negroes reported as so employed increased 16.4 per cent, and whites 26.1 per cent. In consequence, the propor- tion of negroes reported among persons in this group fell from 103 per thousand in 1890 to 95 per thousand in 1900; or if the figures be confined to the Southern states 60 NEGROES IN THE UNITED STATES. it appears that the proportion of non-Caucasians among steam railroad employees fell from 395 per thousand in 1890 to 376 in 1900. The proportion in 1900, however, was greater than the proportion of non-Caucasians in the total population of the South. Miners andquarrymen. — The number of negro miners and quarrymen in continental United States in 1900 was 36,561. In 1890 there were only 19,007, an increase dur- ing the ten years of 17,554, or 92.4 per cent. Although the number of negro miner's and quarrymen is large and the increase rapid, this occupation in continental United States is confined mainly to the wliites, only 6. 5 per cent in 1900 and only 4.9 per cent in 1890 of the miners and quarrymen in the country being negroes. But the figures indicate that in the country as a whole the negroes have strengthened their hold upon this occupation. This is partly due to the fact that mining and quarrying as an occupation has increased more rapidly in the South than it has in the rest of the coun- try, the number of miners and quarrymen in that sec- tion having increased 93.7 per cent between 1890 and 1900, while the number in the rest of continental United States increased only 39. 1 per cent. These figures show that miners and quarrymen increased in the South be- tween two and three times as fast as in the rest of the country. In the Southern states in 1890 there were 3,006 miners and quarrj^men, whose race was not speci- fied in the detailed tables for states and territories; in 1900 there were only 370. This makes it difficult to determine with accuracy the increase for the two races in the South. If those of unknown race at each census be distributed according to the proportions prevailing among the known, the following results for the South are reached: Total. White. Non-Cau- casian. 1900 87,815 45,334 60, 141 31,854 27, 674 1890 13, 480 The per cent of non-Caucasians among the miners and quarrymen of the Southern states in 1890 was 29.7, and in 1900 was 31.5, indicating that negro miners and quarrymen in the South have rather more than held their own in the decade. Saw and planing mill employees. — This is hardlj' a well-defined occupation class, different sorts of labor requiring different sorts of strength, skill, and ability being included under this one head. The increase of negro employees during the ten years in continental United States was 15,990, and that of the white em- ployees was only 6,369, the former increase being two and a half times as great. In 1890 seven-eighths of this class of employees were white and onh' one-eighth negro, while in 1900 only four-fifths were white and one-fifth negro. But here again it is misleading to consider alone the figures for continental United States. Saw mills and planing mills have been developing in the South with great rapidity. The increase in this class of employees, 1890 to 1900, for the country as a whole was 22,946, while for the South alone it was 31,441, indicating a net decrease in this class of em- ployees for the North and West of 8,495, while the increase in the South was 79. 3 per cent. Among the employees in the South 41.6 per cent in 1890 and 46.1 in 1900 were non-Caucasians, indicating an increase of 4.5 in the per cent of non-Caucasians among persons engaged in this industry in the South. Pm'ters and helpers {in stores, etc. ) . — Among the 24, 356 persons reported with this occupation in continental United States in 1890, 11,694, or 48 per cent, were negro, a fraction of 1 per cent were Indian or Mongolian, and the remainder, 51.5 per cent, were white. In 1900 the negro porters and helpers had increased to 28,977, while the white had increased from 12,546 to 24,245, so that the per cent of negroes in this occupation increased from 48 to 63.5, while that of whites had correspond- ingly declined. Owing to the fact that in 1890 the classi- fication by race for the several states and territories grouped porters and helpers with messengers and pack- ers, the figures for the Southern states in 1890 are not available, but in 1900 more than nine-tenths of the porters and helpers (91.6 per cent) were non-Caucasians. Teachers and professors in colleges. — The number of negro teachers in continental United States in 1890 was 15,100; in 1900 there were 21,267, an increase of 6,167, or 40.8 per cent, which was more than twice as rapid as the increase of negro population. The increase in the number of white teachers during the same period was from 332,187 to 424,269, or 27.7 per cent. Negro teachers constituted in 1890, 4.3 per cent and in 1900, 4.8 per cent of the total number of teachers, showing a slight increase in the proportion of negroes. In the South the number of non-Caucasian teachers increased during the decade from 13,317 to 19,188, or 44.1 per cent, the corresponding increase for the whites being from 59,544 to 80,970, or 36 per cent. In the South the non-Caucasian teachers constituted in 1890, 18.3 per cent and in 1900, 19.2 per cent of all teachers, showing an increase in the proportion of negro teachers slightly higher than that for continental United States. Probably the number of negro teachers in the South is at least an approximate measure of the amount of teaching furnished negro youth. Assuming this to be true, the ratio of negro teachers to negroes 5 to 20 years of age has some significance. The number of non-Caucasian teachers to 10,000 non- Caucasians 5 to 20 years of age in the South, together with the corresponding figures for whites, is stated below. Negro, Indian, and Mongolian. White :. 1900 59 129 1890 46 115 OCCUPATIONS. 61 The increase in the relative number of teachers 1890 to 1900 has been about the same for the two groups, and as a result the difference between the races has declined. In 1890, 10,000 southern white children had about 2.5 times as many teachers as 10,000 negro, Indian, and Mongolian children; the corresponding ratio for 1900 being about 2.2. Carpenters and joiners. — The number of negroes engaged in this occupation decreased from 22,581 in 1890 to 21,113 in 1900. The decrease was not peculiar to the negro race, the number of white carpenters and joiners having also declined, but by a smaller per cent. In the Southern states the number of negro, Indian, and Mongolian carpenters and joiners decreased from 20,591 in 1890 to 19,451 in 1900, or 5.5 per cent, and the whites in this occupation increased from 94,861 in 1890 to 100,459 in 1900, or 5.9 per cent. These figures seem to indicate that the negroes are not holding their own in this occupation; in fact, among 1,000 carpenters and joiners in the South, 178 in 1890 and 162 in 1900, were non-Caucasians. Tiirjoentine farmers and laborers. — In 1890 this occu- pation was classified under "other agricultural pur- suits," and thus no comparison can be made. Barbers and hairdressers. — In 1890 there were 17,480 negro barbers and hairdressers in continental United States; in 1900 the number had risen to 19,942, an in- crease of 2,462, or 14.1 per cent, a ratio of increase some- what less than that of the negro population. During the same period the number of white barbers and hair- dressers increased 64.5 per cent, a little more than three times as rapidly as the white population. In 1890, 20.6 per cent and in 1900, 15.2 per cent of the barbers and hairdressers of the country were negro. That is, their proportion in this industry has declined from one-fifth in 1890 to less than one-sixth in 1900. In the South the number of non-Caucasian barbers and hairdressers in- creased from 8,025 in 1890 to 10,343 in 1900, an increase of 28.9 per cent. During the same period the number of white barbers and hairdressers doubled. In conse- quence of this more rapid increase the per cent of non- Caucasians among all barbers in the South fell from 60.4 in 1890 to 49.4 in 1900. The foregoing figures indicate that the increase of negro barbers and hairdressers in the South has been more rapid than the increase of ne- gro population or of total population, but much less rapid than the increase of white barbers and hairdress- ers. The increase of non-Caucasian barbers and hair- dressers in continental United States was 2,027, while the increase for the South alone, excluding the few hundred for whom the race, was not reported in the table for states and territories, was 2,318. This shows that the increase in the South was greater by 291 than the total increase for the country and that outside of the Southern states, thei-ef ore, the number of negro barbers and hairdressers slightly decreased in the ten years, the per cent of non-Caucasians among the barbers and hair- dressers of the Northern and Western states being 14.2 in 1890 and 9.1 in 1900. Nurses and midwives. — In 1900 there were 19,431 negro nurses and midwives in continental United States; in 1890 the number reported was only 5,213, the increase during the decade being 14,218, or 272.7 per cent. Meantime the number of whites engaged in this occu- pation increased only about half as fast, from 42,345 in 1890 to 100,349 in 1900, or 137 per cent. In 1890 the negro nurses and midwives formed 11 per cent of all persons following this occupation, and in 1900, 16.1, a gain of 5.1. The whites show a corresponding decline. The same gain in the number of negro nurses and midwives appears from the figures for the South. Here the number of non-Caucasian nurses and midwives increased from 4,221 in 1890 to 17,286 in 1900, the increase being 13,065, or 309.6 per cent. At the same time the white nurses and midwives increased from 3,876 in 1890 to 10,396 in 1900, or 168.2 per cent, a little over half as fast. In 1890 non-Caucasian nurses and midwives constituted 52.1 per cent of the total number in the South; in 1900 the per cent was 62.4. Clergymen.- — The number of negro clergymen in continental United States in 1900 was 15,528, as com- pared with 12,159 in 1890, the increase being 3,369, or 27.7 per cent. White clergymen increased somewhat less rapidly, from 75,972 in 1890 to 94,437 in 1900, or 24.3 per cent. With both races the mmiber of "clergy- men increased more rapidly than the population. In the South the number of non-Caucasian clergymen rose from 10,159 in 1890 to 12,841 in 1900, the increase being 2,682, or 26.4 per cent. The increase in white clergymen was from 17,688 in 1890 to 21,387 in 1900, or 20.9 per cent. Of the total clergymen in the South in 1890, 36.5 per cent were non-Caucasian, and in 1900, 37.5, a gain of 1. Clergymen of all races increased somewhat more rapidly in the North and West than in the South. In both continental United States and the South the increase is greater for negroes than for whites, but only in the South has the proportion changed appreciably. The assumption already made in the case of teachers, that in the South the number engaged in the profession is a rough measure of the amount of service furnished the negro, may be made with greater confidence regard- ing clergymen and may be extended to the whole country. In continental United States the number of clergymen of each race to each 100,000 persons of the same race was as follows: Negro, Indian, and Mongolian. White 1900 171 141 1890 160 138 4973— Bull. 8—07- 62 NEGROES IN THE UNITED STATES. The foregoing figures indicate that negro clergymen are more numerous than white clergymen per unit of population; that the increase in this occupation for both races has been more rapid than the increase of popula- tion, and that among negroes the increase has been more rapid than among whites. An interesting differ- ence appears between the figures for continental United States and those for Cuba, where, in 1899, among 283 clergymen only 4 were negroes, and for Porto Kico, where among 124 clergymen only 2 were negroes. In the South the number of clergymen of each race to each 100,000 persons of the same race was as follows: 1900 1890 160 129 160 White 135 Corresponding figures for the North and West were: 1900 1890 Nesrro, Indian, and Mongolian 239 145 234 Wflte . " 6" 139 The foregoing figures indicate that negro clergymen in each division of the country, but especially in the North and West, are much more numerous per unit of population than white clergymen. They show also that the relative number at the North is much greater than at the South. Whether this is due to the larger pro- portion of city residents at the North or whether it indicates a better economic position of the northern negroes can not be determined from the figures. Tobacco and cigar factory operatives. — The number of negro tobacco and cigar factory operatives in conti- nental United States was 15,349 in 1900 and 15,004 in 1890, an increase during the decade of 345, or 2.8 per cent. The number of whites in this occupation was 114,042 in 1900 and 94,176 in 1890, an increase of 21.1 per cent. The per cent of negroes among tobacco and cigar factory operatives in the country fell from 13.4 in 1890 to 11.7 in 1900. In the South the number of negro, Indian, and Mon- golian tobacco and cigar factory operatives was 14,296 in 1900 and 14,013 in 1890, the increase being 283, or 2 p§r cent. The whites engaged in this occupation in the South were 17,773 in 1900 and 14,547 in 1890, an increase of 22.2 per cent. The per cent of non- Caucasians among tobacco and cigar factory operatives in the South was 49.1 in 1890, but only 44.6 in 1900. The proportion of negroes among tobacco and cigar factory operatives is declining in the country as a whole and especially in the South. Hostlers, — The number of negro hostlers in continental United States in 1900 was 14,496 and in 1890, 10,500, the increase being 3,996, or 38.1 per cent. White hostlers numbered 49,840 in 1900 and 43,500 in 1890,. an increase of 14.6 per cent, or only about two-fifths as fast. The per cent of negroes among hostlers thus increased from 19. 4 in 1890 to 22. 3 in 1900. As hostlers were grouped with livery stable keepers in the table for states and territories at the Eleventh Census, figures for the South in 1890 are not available. In 1900 the non-Caucasian hostlers in the South numbered 8,637, being 68. 8 per cent of the total number. Masons {brick and stone). — In 1900 the number of negroes occupied as brick and stone masons was 14,386 and in 1890, 9,760, the increase being 4,626, or 47.4 per cent. The number of whittes reported as engaged in this occupation decreased from 151,029 in 1890 to 146,173 in 1900, or 3.2 per cent. The per cent of negroes among all persons in the occupation rose from 6.1 in 1890 to 8.9 in 1900. For the South there are no figures for 1890, when brick and stone masons were grouped with marble and stone cutters in the table showing occupations by race for states and territories, but in 1900, the 9,926 negroes, Indians, and Mongolians en- gaged as brick and stone masons in the South comprised 38.6 per cent of the total. In the South the proportion of negroes among all engaged in this occupation is . somewhat greater than the proportion of negroes in the total population (32.3 per cent). DressTnakers. — The number of negro dressmakers in 1900 was 12,569 and in 1890, 7,586, the increase during the decade being 4,983, or 65.7 per cent. White dress- makers increased from 285,813 in 1890 to 331,841 in 1900, or 16.1 per cent, only one-fourth as fast. The per cent of negroes among all dressmakers rose from 2.6 in 1890 to 3.6 in 1900, being still very small. Even for the South in 1900 the 8,296 non-Caucasian dress- makers constituted only 16.8 per cent of the total. No figures for the South in 1890 are available, dressmakers being reported with milliners, seamstresses, and others in the table for states and territories. Iron and steel workers. — In 1900 the number of negro iron and steel workers reported in continental United States was 12,327 and in 1890, 6,579, the increase being 5,748, or 87.4 per cent. Iron and steel workers of the white race were 277,539 in 1900 and 213,822 in 1890, an increase of 29.8 per cent, or a little over one-third as fast. In 1900 the negroes formed 4.2 per cent and in 1890, 3 per cent of the total number engaged in this occupation. For the South the number of negroes, Indians, and Mongolians reported as iron and steel workers was 8,736 in 1900 and 4,435 iii 1890, the increase during the decade being 4,301, or 97 per cent. The number of whites in this occupation in the South was 19,464 in 1900 and 14,690 in 1890, an increase of 32.5 per cent, one-third as fast. Between 1890 and 1900 the non- Caucasian iron and steel workers in the South increased from 23.2 to 31 per cent of the total number, a gain of 7.8. The per cent of increase in iron and steel workers was greater for each race in the South than in OCCUPATIONS. 63 the whole country, and decidedly more marked for negroes than for whites. It is evident that the devel- • opment of the iron and steel industry in the Southern states in recent years has opened new avenues of labor to a considerable number of negroes. Seamstresses. — The occupation of seamstress stands with those of carpenter and joiner and of blacksmith as one of the three important occupations in which the number of negro breadwinners decreased between 1890 and 1900. There were 11,846 negro seamstresses in continental United States in 1890, but only 11,637 in 1900, the decrease being 309 or 2.6 per cent. The num- ber of whites in this occupation likewise shows no increase. There were 138,072 white seamstresses in the United States in 1890 while in 1900 the total num- ber was only 137,960, an apparent decrease of 112, or 0.1 per cent. The decline being greater among negroes than whites the per cent of negroes among seamstresses fell from 7.9 in 1890 to 7.6 in 1900. For the Southern states in 1900 the number of negro, Indian, and Mongolian seamstresses was 9,766, consti- tuting 24.6 per cent of the total classified by race. No figures by race are available for 1890, but as the total number of seamstresses in the South decreased 15.3 per cent for the decade it is probable that the decline in the number and proportion of negro seamstresses in the whole country was true also of this section. This decline for both races may be connected with the increase in the number of dressmakers already noted and with the increased production of women's clothing in factories, the employees in such factories having been reported as 39,149 in 1890 and 83,739 in 1900. Probably few such employees would return their occu- pation as that of seamstress. Ja/nitors and sextons. — The number of negro janitors and sextons in continental United States in 1900 was 11,586 and in 1890, 5,945, the increase during the decade being 5,591, or 94 per cent. Meantime the white janitors and sextons increased somewhat more rapidly— from 20,552 in 1890 to 43,956 in 1900, or 113.9 per cent. The per cent of negroes among all janitors and sextons consequently fell from 22.4 in 1890 to 20.4 in 1900. For the Southern states figures by race are available only for 1900. There were then 3,560 non-Caucasian janitors and sextons in the South, con- stituting 65 per cent of the total classified by race. Eousehee-pers and stewards.— h\.\^0'd^h&ry area. — The following table shows by geographic divisions the classification of farms of negro farmers according to area: Table IV. — Farms of -negro farmers, classified according to area: 1900. NUMBER OF FARMS IN EACH CLASS. CLASS OF FARMS. Conti- nental United States. North Atlantic division. South Atlantic division. North Central division. South Central division. Western division. All farms 746,716 1,761 287,933 12,265 444,429 337 Under 3 acres S and under 10 10 and under 20 20 and under 60 60 and under 100 100 and under 176 175 and under 260 260 and under 600.-.. 600 and under 1,000 . . 1,000 and over 4,448 60,831 119,710 343,173 134,228 66,682 16,536 8,715 2,007 486 50 358 803 433 349 195 56 15 3 2,850 27,270 40,416 120,979 64,192 28,666 8,301 4,086 1,065 228 167 1,192 1,616 4,422 2,651 1,612 379 267 44 15 1,368 21,986 77,361 217,301 77,004 36,184 7,779 4,332 889 236 13 26 24 38 32 136 21 25 16 7 PER CENT WHICH THE NUMBER OF FARMS IN EACH CLASS FORMS OF THE TOTAL NUMBER. All farms 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Under 3 acres 3 and under 10 10 and under 20 20 and under 60 60 and under 100 100 and under 175 175 and under 260.... 260 and under 600 600 and under 1,000. . . 0.6 6.8 16.0 46.9 18.0 8.9 2.2 1.2 0.3 0.1 2.8 20.3 17.2 24.6 19.8 n.i 3.1 0.9 0.2 1.0 9.5 14.0 42.0 18.8 9.9 2.9 1.4 0.4 0.1 1.4 9.7 13.2 36.1 21.6 12.3 3.1 2.1 0.4 0.1 0.3 4.9 17.4 48.9 17.3 8.1 1.8 1.0 0.2 0.1 8.9 7.7 7.1 11.3 9.5 40.1 6.2 7.4 4.7 The usual farm of the negro has an area of from 20 to 50 acres — the "one-mule farm " — requiring the labor of a man and his family and one mule. Nearly half of the farms operated by negroes in the country in 1900 were of this size. Next in number, were farms of from 50 to 100 acres — the ' ' two-mule farms " — forming 18 per cent of the total. Then came farms of from 10 to 20 acres, followed by the farms of from 100 to 175 acres. ■Farms under 20 acres, representing largely market gardens and the smaller cotton farms, constituted 23.4 per cent of the total number; farms of 100 acres and over, 12.7 per cent. In the South Atlantic division the farms showed greater diversity of area than in the South Central, the concentration in the group of 20 to 50 acres being much less marked in the former division, while the proportion of farms under 10 acres and of farms over 50 acres was considerably greater. In the North Atlantic divi- sion a still smaller proportion of the comparatively few farms operated by negroes came within the area group 20 to 50 acres, while farms of less than 10 acres and those of over 50 acres were relatively more numerous; in the North Central states the distribution of the farms of negroes by area approached more closely to that in the South. In respect to size of farms the Western division dif- fers greatly from the other four, the most usual size being from 100 to 175 acres. But the actual number of farms in this division operated by negroes in 1900 was small. Value of farm property. — The value of property on farms operated by negroes in 1900 is given in detail in the following table: Table V.— VALUE OP PROPERTY ON FARMS OF NEGRO FARMERS: 1900. VALUE OF FARM PROPBETY. PER CENT OF TOTAL VALUE OF ALL FARM PROPERTY. AVERAGE VALUE PER FARM. DIVISIOX. Total. Land and improve- ments (ex- cept build- ings). Buildings. Imple- ments and machinery. Live stock. Land and improve- ments (except build- ings). Build- ings. Imple- ments and machin- ery. Live stock. All farm prop- erty. Land and improve- ments (except build- ings). Build- ings. Imple- ments and machin- ery. Live stock. Continental U.S.. 8499,941,234 »324,242,997 871, 902, 265 818,859,767 884,936,215 64.8 14.4 3.8 17.0 8669 2,712 666 2,008 690 3,117 $434 $96 $26 $114 North Atlantic ... . 4,776,245 162,841,284 24,608,045 306,666,271 1,060,389 2,664,718 106,261,076 17,S26,162 196,682,266 718,776 1,466,500 26,668,379 2,933,377 40,734,136 110,874 206, 777 6,879,229 723,125 12,014,612 36,014 439,260 24,052,600 3,026,381 57,234,258 184,726 66.8 65.2 72.9 64.1 68.4 30.7 16.4 11.9 13.3 10.6 4.3 3.6 2.9 3.9 3.4 9.2' 14.8 12.3 18.7 17.6 1,613 369 1,463 443 2,133 832 93 239 91 329 117 20 59 27 107 250 84 247 129 648 South Atlantic South Central 72 NEGROES IN THE UNITED STATES. As shown in this table the farms cultivated by negroes in continental United States represent farm property haviftg a total value of half a billion dollars. Land and improvements other than buildings constitutes 64.8 per cent, or more than three-fifths of this total; the next largest item is that of live stock, which constitutes 17 per cent, or more than one-sixth of the total; then that of buildings, constituting 14.4: per cent, or one- seventh; and lastly, implements and machinery, repre- senting a small fraction only. The proportion of the total value of farm property comprised in the value of buildings is much larger in the North Atlantic states than in any other division. Naturally, in the matter of farm buildings, the requirements in a state like Ver- mont differ greatly from those in Mississippi, the rigor- ous climate of the North demanding well-constructed shelter for both man and beast, while ^n the South less protection is needed. Live stock attains its greatest importance, as compared with the total farm value, in the South Central and Western divisions. The average values of farm property are decidedly higher in the North Atlantic, North Central, and West- ern divisions than in either of the Southern divisions, and since in the North and West the majority of negro farmers own their farms, while in the South three- fourths of them are tenants, the comparison indicates that the northern negro is a more prosperous farmer than his southern brother. Probably the great majority of the northern and western negroes are immigrants from the South or the children of immigrants, and their greater prosperity may be attributed in part to the native enterprise which led them to migrate, and in part to the influence of a new environment in which they are brought more directly in contact with the example and the competition of the white farmer. The differences between the two Southern divisions are comparatively slight, but they indicate a greater average farm value in the South Central division, with poorer buildings, however, than in the South Atlantic. The percentages for the Western division suggest similarity between this and the two Southern divisions, but the averages reveal enormous differences. The apparent advantage of the West is due, however, to the very large acreage per farm, only a small proportion of which was improved. The relatively very large value of live stock per farm in the Western division is due to the fact that three-tenths of all the western farms operated by negroes are live stock farms; in the two Northern divisions, also, the averages are affected by this cause, though not quite so conspicuously. The farm home. — Emancipation made some change in the home life of the negro, but it was not a radical one. In the back districts, where the new order pene- trated but little, it was scarcely noticeable; the "big house " and the quarters remained, but the latter were often worse than before, on account of deterioration and the failure to make repairs. Many masters en- tered into contracts with their freed slaves, who worked on as hired laborers. It was very difficult, however, to check the roving instinct of a people fired, by newly acquired freedom, with new thoughts and new ambi- tions. The attractions of town life were very great to the freedman; his few holidays and stolen pleasures in the past had centered there, and thus the picture of congregated life in town represented to him a long- cherished ideal of liberty, while the prospect of life on the old plantation, pursuing the same dull round of toil, had little attraction. To some extent laborers were induced to remain on farms by offers of higher wages and better houses; and thus frame cabins with board floors gradually replaced the worst of the slave quarters. One impulse toward better housing in the country came frpm the new negro landowners. Immediately after emancipation the negroes began buying land, and in many instances the new peasant proprietor made efforts to improve the condition of his dwelling. He could not, of course, think of building a big house like that occupied by his former master, and, in default of any other models to follow, he naturally built a slave cabin with some improvements, such as putting a porch on the front, cutting one or two windows, and adding a lean-to at the back for a bedroom. If he went further than this in the number of rooms, or introduced new furniture, the chances are that he got his ideas from friends who lived in town. Many of the freed slaves who had migrated to town and found work as mechanics or laborers lived in frame houses of two, three, or four rooms. From these patterns the negroes learned, and two and three room houses appeared here and there in the country. In the course of time, then, some progress has been made. The dirt floor has practically disap- peared, a large proportion of the log cabins have been replaced by frame houses, and glass windows have been introduced here and there. But, on the whole, the im- provement is slow. The one-room cabin is still the typical farm home of the negro. Fully one-third of the negroes on farms live in dwellings of this character. Of course this kind of dwelling has no peculiarly inti- mate connection with the negro nor with the South, being the primitive form of dwelling of all men and races; the cave dwellers, the French peasants, the American In- dians, and the American pioneers all lived in one-room homes. Under certain conditions of life such houses may be fairly comfortable: given a man and wife, the necessity for economy of heat, an active outdoor life, and a scarcity of the finer sort of building material, there can be no better home than the old roomy log hut, with its great fireplace. But an increase in the number of inmates, a decrease in the size of the house or a change in the manner of life can easily transform this kind of home into a veritable pesthouse. This has been exactly the history of the one-room negro cabin. In it large families of children grow to maturity, under unhealthy conditions and poor moral restraint at best. The great obstacle to home-making among negroes is, of course, their own training and ideals. Their African FARMS OPERATED BY NEGROES. 73 development was cut off suddenly by transportation to the United States; and their training under slavery was not such as to make the masses comprehend the meaning of the best type of family life. It is, there- fore, peculiarly hopeful to note the improvement in housing which recent years have brought. The farm equipment. — Naturally when the farmer is poorly housed the beast often is not housed at all, and proper storehouses for crops are usually wanting. Farm tools and implements on farms operated by negroes are few in number, old fashioned, and very simple. The indispensable implement is the hoe, sup- plemented by hand muscle; the one-mule plow is needed, but is not indispensable. Outside of these, negroes have very little machinery and few implements. Eeapers and mowers are seldom found. There are a few cotton gins, but the utilization of steampower and the intro- duction of the automatic system of handling seed cotton have crowded most of the small gins out of business. Live stock on farms. — The value of live stock on farms includes that of domestic animals, poultry, and bees. The values of these classes of live stock on farms of negroes in 1900, by geographic divisions, were as follows: Table VI.— VALUE OF SPECIFIED CLASSES OF LIVE STOCK ON FARMS OF NEGRO FARMERS: 1900. Total number of farms. ALL LIVE STOCK. DOMESTIC ANIMALS. POULTRY. BEES. DIVISION. Value. Per cent of total value. rarma report- ing. Value. Farms report- ing. Value. Farms report- ing. Value. Number. Per cent of all farms. Total. Average per farm report- ing. Number. Per cent of all farms. Total. Average per farm report- ing. Num- ber. Per cent of all farms. Total. Average per farm report- ing. Continental U.S.. ■746,715 884,936,215 100.0 690,020 92.6 880,855,949 $117. 18 612, 942 82.1 83,903,250 86.37 28,484 3.8 8174,730 86.13 North Atlantic South Atlantic 1,761 287,933 12,255 444,429 337 439,250 24,052,600 3,025,381 57,234,258 184,726 0.5 28.3 3.6 67.4 0.2 1,592 264,613 11,597 411,899 319 90.4 91.9 94.6 92.7 94.7 407,298 22, 712, 261 2,863,635 54,694,830 177,935 255.84 85.83 246.93 132. 79 557.79 1,429 242,325 10,808 358,147 233 81.1 84.2 88.2 80.6 69.1 28,963 1,280,530 156,440 2,431,022 6,295 20.27 5.28 14.47 6.79 27.02 54 10,762 577 17,078 13 3.1 3.7 4.7 3.8 3.9 703 59,819 5,306 108,406 496 13.02 6.66 9.20 South Central 6.35 Western 38.15 In 1900 about nine-tenths of all farms operated by negroes in continental United States reported domestic animals, and about eight-tenths reported poultry. The South Central division reported about two-thirds of all capital invested in live stock. For each class of live stock the highest average value per farm is shown for the Western division, followed in order by the North Atlantic and North Central divisions, which are far above the averages for continental United States; the South Central, which is a little above; and the South Atlantic, which is considerably below. The numbers of specified domestic animals on farms of negroes in continental United States in 1900, with the number of farms reporting each kind of animal, were as follows: Table VII. — Domestw animals on farms of negro farmers in conti- nental United States : 1900. FAEMS BEPOETING. NUMBER OF ANIMALS. DOMESTIC ANIMALS. Number. Per cent of all farms. Total. Average per farm report- ing. 401,151 341,747 342,382 347,214 867 5,672 513,130 9,055 . 53.7 45.8 45.9 46.5 0.1 0.8 68.7 1.2 1,457,608 653,101 676,526 502,367 1,424 97,550 2,968,074 62,688 3.6 1.6 Horses 1.7 Mules 1.4 1.6 Sheepi 17.2 5.8 Goats 6.9 1 Including lambs. It is evident that on farms of negro farmers, swine are more common than any other domestic animals, being reported for more than two-thirds of the total number of such farms. Dairy cows were reported for rather less than one-half of the farms, and the average number indicates that comparatively few of the farms reporting could have had more than two dairy cows, the majority probably having only one. The figures for mules and horses are about the same as those for dairy cows. Only a very small number of farms re- ported other domestic animals. There is an understatement of the number of negro farms reporting mules and horses, due to the fact that mules and horses on many farms operated by negro tenants were owned by the proprietor of the land, and were reported by him, on his own farm. Moreover, since the proprietor was in almost all cases a white man this reduced the number of these animals credited to the farms of negroes. The following table presents by geographic divisions the per cent of farms reporting the specified kinds of domestic animals with the average number per farm and the per cent of the total number in each division: Table VIII. — Per cent of the farms of negro farmers reporting speci- fied domestic animals, with the average number of animals per farm and the per cent of the total number in each geographic division: 1900. PEE CENT OF FARMS REPORTING. DrtlSION. Neat cattle. Dairy cows. Horses. Mules. Asses and bur- ros. Sheep.i Swine. Goats. Continental u.s 63.7 45.8 45.9 46.5 0.1 0.8 68.7 1.2 North Atlantic... South Atlantic ... North Central.... South Central 60.5 64.1 62.4 53.2 59.3 55.8 42.0 59.0 47.8 52.2 83.5 35.7 83.1 61.2 92.6 3.9 39.9 24.0 51.6 8.9 0.1 0.2- 1.8 3.9 0.7 4.2 0.7 6.9 69.8 71.1 68.2 67.2 42.7 0.1 1.3 1.1 1.1 2.1 1 Including lambs. 2 Less than one-tentli of 1 per cent. 74 NEGROES IN THE UNITED STATES. Table VIII.— Per cent of the farms of negro farmers reporting speci- fied domestic animah, vnth the average number of animals per farm and the per cent of the total number inedch geographic division: 1900 — Continued. AVERAGE NUMBER PER FARM REPORTING. DIVISION. Neat cattle. Dairy cows. Horses. Mules. Asses and hut- ros. Sheep.' Swine. Goats. Continental U.S 3.6 1.6 1.7 1.4 1.6 17.2 5.8 6.9 North Atlantic... South Atlantic... North Central South Central 6.2 2.8 6.9 4.1 24.7 3.9 1.4 2.1 1.7 4.3 2.3 1.3 3.0 1.8 5.9 2.0 1.3 2.1 1.5 6.1 1.0 1.6 2.1 1.6 2.8 34.4 13.4 30.8 16.8 36.7 4.5 4.5 10.8 6.5 13.0 7.0 5.6 5.5 7.9 13.7 PER CENT OF TOTAL NUMBER. Continental U.S 100. 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 North Atlantic . . . South Atlantic... North Central South Central 0.5 29.5 3.1 66.6 0,3 0.7 30.2 2.7 66.3 0.1 0.6 23.5 6.3 70.3 0.3 lo'o 1.3 69.7 0.1 12.8 6.3 79.6 1.2 2.4 26.1 16.4 64.4 0.7 0.2 31.0 3.0 66.7 0.1 1.1 64.4 0.2 > Including lambs. 2 Less than one-tenth of 1 per cent. The proportion of the farms operated by negroes reporting dairy cows and the proportion reporting neat cattle varied, for the several divisions, only from two- 3f ths to three-fifths. The farms reporting neat cattle, but not reporting dairy cows, were comparatively few, and probably represent, in the main, live stock farms. The average number of all neat cattle, per farm report- ing, was much greater than the average nimiber of dairy cows, the contrast being especially marked in the Western division, which showed a very high average for all neat cattle. In the North and West a large proportion — more than four-fifths — of the farms operated by negroes reported horses, while but few farms reported mules; in the Southern divisions, where the mule is the chief beast of burden, the proportion of farms reporting horses was much smaller, and was exceeded— though but slightly — by the proportion reporting mules. The average number of horses, per farm reporting, slightly exceeded that of mules in every division except the South Atlantic, where there was no difference; but it is very possible that this fact reflects not so much the more extensive use of the horse as the superior endur- ance of the mule, making it possible for a smaller number to do the same work. Swine were reported in 1900 by over two-thirds of all farms in the South. The North Central division also shows a high percentage. -The figures for the other divisions are slightly lower. For every kind of domestic animal the Western division shows the highest average per farm reporting, while the lowest average is in most cases that shown for the South Atlantic. The South reported more than nine-tenths of the total number of each kind of domestic animal except sheep, of which it reported four-fifths; approximately, two- thirds or more of each kind reported by any consider- able number of farms are found in the South Central division, and somewhat less than one-third in the South Atlantic. The absence of common'pasture greatly decreases the amount of stock on farms operated by negroes. The tenants hire little pasture land and put all available soil into cultivation. For some years stock was allowed to roam by the roadside, but "fence laws" in many coun- ties have in recent years held the owners of such stock liable for damage done to unfenced crops, and the custom has declined. Value of fiwm prod/ucts. — The statistics of value of products of 1899 on farms operated by negroes in con- tinental United States, by geographic divisions, were as follows: Table IX.— VALUE OF PEODUCTS OF 1899 ON FARMS OF NEGRO FARMERS. VALDE OP PBODBCTS. Per cent not fed, to value of fann property. AVERAGE VALUB PEE FABtt. AVERAGE VALUE PES ACRE. AVERAGE VALUI PER ACRE OP IMPROVED LAND. Total. Not fed to live stock. Total. Not fed. to live stock. Total. Not fed to live stock. Total. Not fed to live stock. 8255,760,436 8229,906,992 46.0 8342 8308 $6.69 ,, $6.01 810.95 $9.84 901,799 87,413,897 5,442,806 161,784,899 207,034 683,429 79,095,096 4,^238,808 145,718,128 171,531 14.3 48.6 17.2 47.5 16.3 612 304 444 364 614 388 275 346 328 509 10.68' 5.61 6.92 7.45 2.72 8.10 5.08 5.89 6.71 2.26 16.37 9.85 9.62 11.68 9.93 12.41 8.91 7.49 10.52 8.23 The average value of products per farm is cpnsid- erably higher in the Northern divisions than in the Southern, and somewhat higher in the South Central division than in the South Atlantic. In this respect the rank of the several divisions corresponds precisely with their rank in respect to the average value of farm property shown in Table v. It would perhaps be expected that the most valuable farms would produce the highest value of farm products. But a comparison of the census figures by states fails to bring out any such relationship. If a comparison be made for the Southern states as regards these two fac- tors it will be found, for instance, that the average value of the negro's farm is higher in Virginia than in Ala- bama, while the average value of his farm products is lower, and that Mississippi, which ranks second among FARMS OPERATED BY NEGROES. 75 Southern states in the averag^e value ^ of products per farm, ranks eleventh in the average value of farm prop- erty. The principle that the greater the value of the products or gross income the greater the value of the farm may hold good of farms in the same locality, but apparently it does not apply to farms located in differ- ent states or sections, which represent, it may be, radi- cal differences in crops, methods, and costs of farming and other conditions. Nor does 1?he value of products constitute a reliable index of the econoimic condition of the farmer. It represents only the gross income, out of which come rent, if the farmer is a tenant, and the expenses of operating the farm. The productivity of farms of negroes as measured by the average value of products per acre is highest in the North Atlantic division; the South Central division ranks next to the North Atlantic in this respect and shows averages considerably higher than thosefor the South Atlantic. On farms in the South a small percentage of return in products may sometimes be a distinct sign of prosper- ity ; the land owned by negroes is usually the less fertile, worn-out tracts, and in such cases it is possible that a negro farmer puts a large part of his effort into restor- ing the soil and making permanent improvements in buildings, fences, etc. The result would be smaller and less valuable crops but a better and more valuable . farm which would in time yield better returns than the tenant farm, where the object is to get the largest present crop. So, too, in the North this relatively low ' ' per cent not fed to value of farm .property " probably reflects the fact that a considerable part of the higher farm values in that region represents permanent improvements, which yield a small but continuous return. In general it will be found that this percentage shows a tendency to decrease as the - average value of farm property in- creases.^ Farms classified hy value of products. — In the follow- ing table the farms operated by negroes in continental United States and in the main geographic divisions are classified by the value of products of 1899 not fed to live stock: Table X. — Farms of negro farmers classified according to gross income, or value of products Of 1S99 not fed to live stock. NUMBER OF FARMS IN EACH CLASS. ■; CLASa OF FARMS. Conti- nental United States. North Atlantic division. South Atlantic division. North Central division. South Central division. West- ern di- vision. All f arma 746,715 1,761 287, 933 12,255 444,429 337 Farma reporting a gross income of— ■to . ^ 10,379 50,794 73,015 247,477 254,490 95,505 14,220 835 12 95 213 598 432 270 127 14 2,420 27, 170 38,329 102,225 87,552 26,498 3,538 201 138 792 1,544 4,169 3,199 1,690 653 70 7,792 22, 709 32,898 140,394 163,233 66,996 9,867 540 17 81 and under $50 $50 and under $100 $100 and under 8250.... $250 and under 8500.... $500 and under $1,000.. $1,000 and under $2,500. $2,500 and over 28 31 91 74 51 35 10 iSee Table 60, giving figures by states. Table X. — Farms of negro farmers classified according to gross income, or value of products of 1899 not fed to live slock — Continued. PER CENT WHICH NUMBER OF FARMS IN EACH CLASS FORMS OF TOTAL NUMBER. CT.ARR OF FARMS. Conti- nental United States. North Atlantic division. South Atlantic division. North Central division. South Central division. West- ern di- vision. All farms 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Farms reporting a gross income of— $0 1.4 6.8 9.8 33.1 34.1 . 12.8 1.9 0.1 0.7 5.4 12.1 34.0 24.5 15.3 7.2 0.8 0.9 9.4 13.3 35.5 30.4 9.2 1.2 0.1 1-1, 6.6 12.6 34.0 26.1 13.8 5.3 0.6 1.8 6.1 7.4 31.6 86.7 15.1 2.2 0.1 81 and under 860 850 and under 8100 8100 and under 8250.... $250 apd under 8600 8500 and under 81,000 .. $1,000 and under $2,600. 8.3 9.2 27.0 22.0 15.1 10.4 3.0 On one-third of the farms operated by_negroes the reported value of products not fed to live stock was be- tween $100 and $250; on another third it was between $250 and $500. The majority of the farms composing the remaining third yielded less than flOO, but a con- siderable number — rather more than one-seventh of all farms — yielded over $500. The return of farms with- out income covers accidents, crop failures, crop liens, and certain defects in the reports of the enumerators. In every division — except the Western — more than half the farms were in the two groups reporting an in- come of between $100 and $500; but this concentration was most marked in the two Southern divisions, in each of which these groups included two-thirds of the total number of farms. The most productive farms — those yielding over $500 — constituted a larger proportion of the total num- ber in each of the Northern divisions and also in the Western division, than in either of the Southern; but the farms yielding incomes under $100, while more numerous in proportion to the total number in the Northern divisions than in the South Central division, were most numerous in the South Atlantic division, where they constituted over one-fifth of all farms. Comparing the two Southern divisions, we find that each of the four groups of farms yielding over $250 was repre- sented by a larger percentage in the South Central divi- sion than in the South Atlantic, and that the total number of farms in these groups makes up 54.3 per cent of all farms in the former division and 40. 9 per cent in the latter. Crops. — The acreage and production of the principal crops raised on farms of negro farmers in 1899 were as follows: Table XI. — Acreage andproduction of specified crops on farms of negro farmers in continental United Slates: 1899. Cotton Corn Wheat Hay and forage . Oata Tobacco Sweet potatoes.. Rice Potatoes Rye Barley Buckwheat FARMS REPORT- ING. Num- ber. 666, 180 673, 885 76, 140 232, 918 64, 737 40, 262 244,620 22,641 70,797 2,111 302 603 Per cent of all farms. 76.8 90.2 10.2 31.2 8.7 5.4 32.8 3.0 9.5 0.3 0) 0.1 Total. 9,623,301 7,055,084 470, 630 312, 118 269,254 143,271 133, 118 48,834 35,744 7,570 3,063 1,649 Av- erage per farm 17.0 10.5 6.2 1.3 4.2 3.6 0.6 2.2 0.5 3.6 10.1 2.7 QUANTITY PRODUCED. Uiiit of measure. Bales . . . Bushels. Bushels. Tons.... Buahela. Pounds . Bushels. Pounds . Bushels. Bushels. Buahela. Bushels Total. 3,707, 99, 512, 3,669, 367, 3, 356, 88,179, 8, 969, 23,367, 2,440, 66, 58, 19, Av- erage per acre. 0.4 14.1 7.8 1.2 12.5 615.5 67.4 478.5 68.3 7.5 19.1 n.7 ^ Leas t ban one-tenth of 1 per cent. 76 NEGROES IN THE UNITED STATES. In this table the crops have been arranged in the order of their total acreage. If the order of the num- ber of farms reporting were used, the rank of corn, sweet potatoes, and hay and forage would be higher. Of all crops raised on farms operated by negroes cot- ton is the most important. In the history of the agri- cultural operations of negroes, however, tobacco in Virginia was the first crop; then came sugar and coffee in the West Indies, and rice in the Carolinas. Cotton became a leading crop in the thirties, when Whitney's cotton gin was introduced. The quantity raised on all farms increased from eight hundred million pounds in 1840 to a billion in 1850 and two billions in 1860. During the Civil War cotton planting was, of course, suspended. Immediately afterwards, however, it began again with renewed vigor, for the high price of this staple forced all the agricultural energies of the South into cotton culture, leading to an extensive use of land stimulants, and causing neglect of nearly all other crops — even food supplies for man and beast. At first, cottonseed and guano were used to some extent for fer- tilizers, then concentrated manufactured fertilizers. Fat'ms classified iy principal source of income. — An interesting study is furnished by classifying farms according to the crop (if any) the value of which in 1899 constituted at least 40 per cent of the total value of products. All farms not deriving that proportion of their total income from any one crop are classified as ' ' miscellaneous. " Such figures must be carefully inter- preted, however, or they will become misleading, for only the principal crop is considered, and the aggregate value of a given crop on farms on which it is a subsidi- ary product sometimes exceeds the aggregate value of the same crop on farms on which it forms 40 per cent of the total income; for example, the aggregate value of corn produced on cotton farms far exceeds that of corn on corn farms. On most of the cotton farms corn and potatoes also are raised, and mules and swine are kept. Tobacco, while the principal crop on but few farms, is a subsidiary crop of considerable importance on a great many. The classification of farms operated by negroes in conti- nental United States by principal source of income in 1899 is given by geographic divisions in the following table: Table XII. — Farms of negro farmers classified according to principal source of income in 1899. NUMBER OF FARMS IN EACH CLASS. CLASS OF FARMS. Conti- nental United States. North Atlantic division. South Atlantic division. North Central division. South Central division. Western division. AU farms 746,715 1,761 287, 933 12,265 444, 429 337 Farms reporting as principal source ol income- Cotton 526,225 92,844 51, 170 30,922 19,454 15,626 5,142 2,191 2,132 1,083 19 7 166,146 56,117 26, 562 13,000 14,566 9,618 947 1,293 1,722 67 5 1 126 2,620 4,389 3,845 129 622 363 265 359,953 34,641 20,892 13,536 4,747 6,068 3,600 668 410 1,010 2 2 Miscellaneous products Hay and grain... Livestock Tobacco . ..... 608 243 437 13 287 201 59 68 84 104 Vegetables Dairy produce... 31 41 Eice 16 Flowers and 10 3 Nursery products Table XII. — Farms of negro farmers classified according to principal source of income in 1899 — Continued. PER CENT IN EACH CLASS. CLASS OF FAEMS. Conti- nental United States. North Atlantic division. South Atlantic division. North Central division. South Central division. Western division. All farms 100.0 100.0 lOO.O 100.0 100.0 100.0 Farms reporting as principal source of income — 70.6 12.4 6.9 4.1 2.6 2.1 0.7 0.3 0.3 0.1 57.7 19.1 8.9 4.6 5.1 3.3 0.3 0.5 0.6 1.0 20.6 36.8 31.4 1.0 5.1 2.9 2.1 81.0 7.8 4.7 8.1 1.1 1.1 0.8 0.1 0.1 0.2 [.'1 Miscellaneous products Hay and grain... Live stock 28.8 13.8 24.8 0.7 16.3 11.4 3.4 17.2 24.9 30.9 Vegetables Dairy produce... 9.2 12.2 Eice Sugar 0.1 Flowers and plants 0.6 0.2 6 Nursery products 3 1 Less than one-tenth of 1 per cent. The several divisions differ greatly, of course, in the kind of principal crop reported. In the South Central division four-fifths of all farms are cotton farms. In the South Atlantic there is somewhat greater diversity, cotton farms forming a little less than three-fifths of the total; but even here there is no other single crop returned as the principal crop for one-tenth of all farms in the division. In the North Central states, hay and grain farms and live stock farms are of about equal importance, together constituting about two-thirds of the total. In the West there is considerable concentra- tion on the same two classes, which form over half of the total. In the North Atlantic states the greatest diversity is found, the principal classes of farms being, in the order of their importance, miscellaneous, live stock, vegetable, hay and grain, and dairy farms. For continental United States, as a whole, the principal crop is usually cotton, the cotton farms constituting seven-tenths of all farms; next in rank are miscellane- ous farms and then hay and grain farms, constituting respectively 12.4 per cent and 6.9 per cent of the total number. As the presence of a large miscellaneous class im- plies the absence of specialization, it is of some interest to compare the several sections in this respect. The South Central division, which is preeminently the region of the cotton plantation, shows by far the smallest per- centage of farms of this class. In the South Atlantic division the percentage is much higher, nearly equal- ing that in the North Central division and surpassing that in the W estern. The highest percentage is that for the North Atlantic division. In the cotton belt the negro evidently devotes his energies chiefly to cotton. This is partly because of his long training in growing this staple, and because it is a profitable crop; and it is also partly because even when this crop is not as prof-, itable as others, the crop-mortgage system under which the negro tenant works regards cotton alone as proper security, and the tenant must therefore plant it. A comparison of the number of the farms operated by negroes in continental United States reporting speci- fied crops in 1899 (Table xi), with the number reporting those crops as their principal source of i ncome (Table xh) FARMS OPERATED BY NEGROES. 77 shows that nearly all such farms reporting cotton re- ported it as their principal source of income, while it is evident that the other crops must have been sub- sidiary products on a large proportion of the farms reporting them. The following table shows the per cent distribution, in respect to principal source of income, of the farms of negroes in the several Southern states, arranged in the order of the decreasing per cent of cotton farms: Table XIII.— PER CENT DISTRIBUTION OF THE FARMS OF NEGRO FARMERS BY PRINCIPAL SOURCE OF INCOME, FOR THE SOUTHERN STATES AND TERRITORIES. PER CENT OF THE FAEMS OF NEGBO FARMERS REPORTING AS PRINCIPAL SOXTRCE OF INCOME — STATE OR TERRITORY. Cotton. Miscel- laneous. Hay and grain. Live stock. Tobac- co. Vege- tables. Dairy prod- uce. Fruit. Eice. Sugar. Flowers and plants. Nursery products. Continental United States 70.5 12.4 6.9 4.1 2.6 2.1 0.7 0.3 0.3 0.1 0) (') 88.9 87.9 86.7 85 8 86.7 80.7 78.1 51.0 50.2 46.0 42.2 39.7 1.2 0.1 6.3 3.9 6.4 7.5 7.4 9.2 11.9 5.0 15.3 21.4 33.8 27.0 42.2 20.5 20.1 24.0 36.7 11.7 2.3 3.1 3.6 3.2 2.5 3.5 5.0 25.8 17.8 18.7 5.8 15.3 18.1 23.2 12.2 21.9 29.4 0.9 1.3 1.0 2.2 2.0 3.1 1.3 15.8 10.8 9.6 4.8 4.0 14.0 20.8 25.8 SO.l 28.4 1 0.1 3.7 0.1 0.5 10.7 16.0 30.1 IS.'l ""'6.'4' 1.1 1.2 1.4 0.9 0.8 1.1 1,8 1.5 1.6 3.0 9.1 2.1 7.6 3.9 14.9 16.9 2.2 64.7 0.6 0.2 0.2 0.3 1.4 2.3 0.1 0.6 0.4 1.6 2.3 0.2 0.3 0.6 3.2 1.2 0.9 6.9 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.6 1.3 0.7 0.6 0.9 5.1 5.9 2.0 5.9 ^0'.7 0.6 1.6 0.1 Louisiana . . 0) Texas Alabama (■) South Carolina 1.2 ';'.i w C) Oklahoma "'"6."i" 0.3 0.1 0.1 1) 1) 1) Virginia ('.'i Maryland Delaware . West Virginia U.8 1 Less than one-tentli of 1 per cent. The states in the above list form three rather distinct groups as regards the importance of the cotton fai-m. In the seven states at the head of the list more than three-fourths, or approximately from 80 to 90 per cent, of all farms cultivated by negroes report cotton as the principal crop. These states lie almost entirely within the cotton belt. Then come, in the above list, five states lying on the border of the cotton belt or partially within it. In these states from 40 to 50 per cent of the farms are devoted principally to cotton. Finally, at the foot of the list there are six states, including the District of Columbia, in which practically no cotton is grown; in these states most of the farms operated by negroes are either miscellaneous, hay and grain, live stock, or tobacco farms. The miscellaneous farm attains its greatest relative importance in Virginia and West Virginia, the live stock farms in Maryland and Delaware, and the tobacco farms in Kentucky. In Maryland and Delaware the vegetable farm is of con- siderable importance, while the few farms in the District of Columbia are mostly of this class. Mcpenditures for labor and fertilizers. — The chief items of expense on negro farms are the purchase of seed and tools, the hiring of labor, the buying of fertil- izers, and the repair of buildings. Of these the expen- ditures for labor and fertilizers are perhaps the only items which can be accurately calculated from year to year. The following table shows the expenditures for labor and fertilizers in continental United States, by geo- graphic divisions, in 1899: 4973— Bull. 8—07—6 Table XIV. — Expenditures for labor and fertilizers on farms of negro farmers: 1899. DIVISION. TOTAL. AVERAGE PER FARM. AVERAGE PER ACRE OF IM- PROVED LAND. Labor. Fertilizers. Labor. Ferti- lizers. Labor. Ferti- lizers. Continental U.S.. «8, 789, 792 85,614,844 S12 «8 $0.38 80.24 North Atlantic 86,094 3,663,841 242,135 4, 768, 110 29,612 28,125 4, 638, 977 15,717 930,838 1,187 49 13 20 11 88 16 16 1 2 4 L56 0.41 0.43 0.34 1.42 0.51 0.52 0.03 South Central 0.07 0.06 On farms of negroes the expenditure for labor is small, because the average farm is just large enough for the labor of one family, needing outside help only in case of emergency. The average expenditure for labor, both per farm and per acre of improved land,, seems to depend upon the wages paid, the agricultural wealth of the section, and the class of farms. The North Atlantic division showed in 1900 the highest average value of property; and it also had a larger proportion of vegetable farms, and therefore of intensive farming, than any other divi- sion. Accordingly the average expenditure for labor was very high. In the Western division three-tenths of all negro farms were stock farms, having but little improved land in proportion to their total area, and devoting but little labor to the cultivation of crops; hence the high average expenditure per acre of im- proved land shown for this division is without much significance in comparison with other divisions. For 78 NEGROES IN THE UNITED STATES. the other three divisions the averages per acre diflEered but slightly from those for continental United States. The history of the treatment of the soil by both white and negro farmers in the South is simple. At first the plan followed was to wear out the soil by successive crops and then clear new land. This led to a southward and westward movement of land culture, in the path of which, from Virginia to Mississippi, lay a trail of worn- out, waste land. Such land was allowed to rest until the close of the Civil War, when commercial fertilizers were introduced to restore it. A system of simple crop rotation has now been intro- duced here and there. Not much use is made of animal manures, as stock is not usually stalled. Although the expenditure for fertilizers is not a very good index of the amount of effort being made to restore the nat- ural powers of the soil, the figures are of considerable value as showing the direction of much of this effort. The average expenditures for fertilizers show very high figures for the Atlantic states and very low ones for the Central and the Western. This may be due in part to a difference in the character of farming, but the principal explanation is probably to be found in the worn-out condition of the land in the East, referred to above. Geographic distribution. — The differences in the con- ditions surrounding the negro farmer in the several geo- graphic divisions described in the preceding sections of this chapter are virtually summarized in Table xv which shows, for each item, the per cent distribution of the total for continental United States by geographic divisions. This table makes it possible to determine whether, in any division, the proportion for a given item is greater or less than that division's proportion of the total number of negro farms. For example, the South Central division reported 59.5 per cent of all farms operated by negroes, and only 56.7 per cent of the total value of buildings on such farms; hence the negro's investment in buildings in the South Central division is relatively low. Table XV.— PER CENT DISTRIBUTION, BY GEOGRAPHIC DIVISIONS, OF THE TOTAL NUMBER OF FARMS OF NEGRO FARMERS, TOTAL ACREAGE, TOTAL VALUES OF FARM PROPERTY AND PRODUCTS, AND TOTAL EXPENDITURES FOR LABOR AND FERTILIZERS. PER CENT DISTRIBUTION. Total number of farms. Acreage. Value of farm property. Value of products of 1899 not fed to live stock. Expenditures: 1899. DIVISION. Total. Im- proved. Total. Land and im- prove- ments (except build- ings). Build- ings. Imple- ments and ma- chinery. Live stock. Labor. Fertili- zers. 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 North Atlantic 0.2 38.8 1.6 59. B 0.1 0.2 40.7 2.1 56.8 0.2 0.2 38.0 2.4 59.3 0.1 1.0 32.6 4.9 61.3 0.2 0.8 32.8 5.5 60.7 0.2 2.0 37.1 4.1 56.6 0.2 1.1 31.2 8.8 63.7 0.2 0.5 28.3 3.6 67.4 0.2 0.3 34.4 1.8 63.4 0.1 1.0 41.7 2.8 54.2 0.3 0.6 82.6 0.3 16.6 Soutli Atlantic I Less than one-tenth of 1 per cent. THE NEGRO TENANT. Classification of farms iy tenure.- — Conditions of farm tenure have much to do, of course, with farm methods in general. In the reports of the Twelfth Census six different .varieties of tenure are distin- guished and used as a basis for classification of farm statistics. They comprise farms operated by owners, by part owners, by owners and tenants, by managers, by cash tenants, and by share tenants. The terms here used may be defined as follows: "Owners" in the nar- rower sense of the term are those farmers owning all the land comprised in their farms; "part owners" are those owning a part of the land in their farms and rent- ing a part; the term "owners and tenants "is used to designate farmers jointly cultivating the same farm, one owning the land, or a part of it, and the other or others owning no part, but receiving for supervision or labor a share of the products; "managers" are per- sons employed by the owner to cultivate the farm in return for a fixed salary; "cash tenants" are farmers paying for the use of the land a cash rental or a fixed amount of labor or farm produce; "share tenants" pay as rental a stated share of the products. The farms operated by owners, part owners, and owners and tenants may be regarded as constituting the owned farms, those operated by cash or share ten- ants constituting, of course, the rented farms. Of the 746,715 farms of negroes in continental United States in 1900, 187,797, or 25.2 per cent of the total, were owned farms, and 557,174, or 74.6 per cent, rented farms— the remainder, 1,744, or 0.2 per cent of the total, being operated by managers. The following table shows the distribution, by tenure, of farms operaited by negroes in each main geographic division: THE NEGRO TENANT. 79 Table XVJ.— Farms of negro farmers classified according to tenure. NDMEEB OP FAHM8 OPERATED BY— DITI8I0N. All classes. Owners. Mana- gers. Tenants. All. Cash. Share. Continental United States.. 746,715 187,797 1,744 567, 174 273,660 283,614 North Atlantic 1,761 287,933 12,255 444,429 337 1,150 84,389 6,972 95,029 257 67 966 109 695 7 644 202,678 5,174 348, 805 73 304 100,623 1,708 170,999 26 240 102,065 3,466 177,806 47 South Atlantic North Central South Central Western PER CENT OPERATED BY— DIVISION. All classes. Owners. Mana- gers. Tenants. All. Cash. Share. Contlu ental United States.. 100.0 25.2 0.2 74.6 36.6 38.0 North Atlantic 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 65.3 29.3- 66.9 21.4 76.2 3.8 0.3 0.9 0.1 2.1 30.9 70.4 42.2 78.5 21.7 17.3 34.9 13.9 88.6 7.7 13 6 South Atlantic North Central 28 3 South Central 40 The percentages of rented farms in 1900 were rela- tively high in each of the two Soathern divisions, and somewhat higher in the South Central than in the South Atlantic. Of the comparatively few negro farms in the Northern divisions the proportion rented was much smaller. Clearly the central feature in the southern farm life of the negro race is the tenant class — those half-million black men who hire farms on various terms, and a large proportion of whom stand about midway between slavery and ownership. Conditions under slavery. — Present conditions in the farih life of .the southern negro can be understood only by bringing to mind the historic development. Before the war the southern plantation consisted of the owner, from 20 to 200 slaves, and several hundred acres of land. Directly under the master stood an overseer, who directed the work through several head slaves called "drivers." The rank and file of slaves were divided into house servants, mechanics, and field hands. All over 12 years of age^ — men, women, and children — worked in some way, children and the old and disabled being given half tasks. Cotton was the chief crop on these plantations; but rice was largely cultivated in South Carolina, sugar in Louisiana, and tobacco in the more northern states. Grain crops were of minor importance, and the quanti- ties of hay, fruit, and vegetables raised were scarcely sufficient for home consumption. One of the most striking features in connection with plantations such as these is their large area. Although exact figures are not available, there is evidence to show that they continually increased in size from 1820 to about 1855. As the old lands were gradually worn out, the demand for fresh soil shifted the region of large farms continuously south and west. The earliest exact figures available are for the cen- suses of 1850 and 1860. The intervening decade wit- nessed the zenith of the plantation system and the beginning of its decline. The history of the country during this period is the history of the efforts of the landowners to maintain their economic advantage. The cotton market was favorable, the price rising and re- maining high. The region of large farms tended farther and farther southward and westward, and as the worn- out farms of the border states were abandoned for farming purposes they were utilized as slave-breeding farms, in order to meet the increasing demand for slave labor in the cotton district; thus Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina, Kentucky, Tennessee, and Missouri became the seat of an internal slave trade of large dimensions. The average assessed value of slaves (one- third or one-half lower than the real value) rose from $324 in 1840 to 1361 in 1850, and to $505 in 1855.' The illicit foreign slave trade, thus encouraged, as- sumed larger dimensions toward 1860. Between 1850 and 1860 the average size of the plan- tations in the cotton growing .South increased from 427 to 431 acres; leaving out Texas, whose ranches in 1850 were not really farms, the increase was from 353 to 408 acres, or 15. Y per cent. But during the same period the average size in the border states, where the land had been worked out and the plantation system was being abandoned for slave breeding and for the beginnings of small farms, decreased from 282 to 258 acres. Even more striking than the increase in the area of the large southern plantations was the concentration > upon them of nearly all the slaves owned in the South. This is shown in the following statement: Proportions of slave owners and of slaves in the population of the South: 1850 and 1860. PER CENT OWNERS FORM OF— Per cent slaves form of total pop- ulation. Average number of slaves per owner. Total pop- ulation. White pop- ulation. I860 3.2 3.7 6.1 5.8 34.5 34.7 11 1850 g These figures show that the slaves formed about one- third of the total population of that section, but that the owners of these slaves formed only between 5 and 6 per cent of the white population and between 3 and 4 per cent of the total population, the proportion being even lower in 1860 than in 1860. Effect of the Civil Wa/r. — This economic system was ' Cotton Kingdom, Olmsted. 80 NEGROES IN THE UNITED STATES. overthrown by the Civil War. The land wasted by the armies declined in value, a billion and a half of capital invested in slaves disappeared utterly, and the people were left poor and deeply in debt. In nearly all the states the course of procedure after the war was the same. The old system of planting on a large scale was partially resumed with contract labor and borrowed capital; but the system soon broke down because of the refusal of the f reedmen to work under the conditions offered. The result was a compromise between the landed and landless classes, bringing about a metayer or share tenant system. The shot/re tenant system,. — This system showed many forms and variations. In South Carolina a scheme proposed by a negro laborer came into vogue as early as 1866. The laborer was to work for the land- owner five days per week, and have a house, rations, 3 acres of land, a mule and plow every other Satur- day to work the land, and $16 in money at the end of the year. The payment of money was considered as representing the value of an extra half day per week, thus raising the laborer's proportion of the week to one and one-half days, or one-fourth; his compensa- tion was therefore regarded as equivalent to his board and lodging and one-fourth of the product. This sys- tem proved very successful. The second year some of the laborers proposed to work only four days, feed themselves, and take double the land and mule work,, without the money. The third year three-day hands came in, furnishing part of their own stock, and as there were others who paid the rent for a house and an acre of land by giving two days' work per week, there were often found on the same plantation various classes of hands working for the owner from two to six days per week. The most common share system consisted in granting a freed family a piece of land, usually from 40 to 80 acres, and taking a share of the crop as rent. The share of the crop taken depended on what the laborer fur- nished. If he gave nothing but his labor and that of his family — implements, stock, and food being fur- nished — the landowner took two-thirds of the crop; if the laborer fed himself, the owner received half of the crop; if the laborer also furnished tools and mule, the owner received from one-fourth to one-third of the crop. The details of this arrangement of course varied according to locality, fertility, crop, and the character of the contracting parties; if the laborer was thrifty and lucky, the rental of the land was eventually fixed at so much cotton or money, and thus the renter, as dis- tinguished from the metayer, appeared. This system naturally resulted in the cutting up of the large plantations of the South. The almost contin- uous decrease in the size of farms may be seen from the following table: Table XVfl. — Average area in acres of all farms in the fhuth: 1860 to 1900. CENSUS year; All Southern states. South Atlantic division. South Central division. 1900 138.2 139.7 153.4 214.2 335.4 108.4 133.6 157.4 241.1 352.8 155. 4 1890 144.0 1880 160.6 1870 194.4 I860 321.3 The average area of farms for the South as a whole decreased from 335.4 acres in 1860 to 138.2 in 1900, or 58.8 per cent; the decrease was noticeably greater in the South Atlantic than in the South Central states. To a considerable extent this change results from the fact that the large plantation, instead of being oper- ated by the owner as one farm with the aid of slave or hired labor, has been leased in small areas to ten- ants, each such area constituting a separate farm accord- ing to the census definition of the term. The crop-lien system. — Another result of the share system in the South was the rise of the crop-lien sys- tem of credit farming, the understanding of which is absolutely necessary to any intelligent study of the negro tenant farmer.' Suppose that A is a landholder with 1,000 acres in one of the country districts of Georgia, B is a general merchant, and C is a negro with a wife and several half -grown children. In slavery times the reTafions of such a group would have been as follows: A owned C and his family; he furnished them shelter, and gave them food and cloth- ing at stated intervals. Such supplies as A did not have on hand he bought of B, usually on credit, paying at harvest time. At this time the business of B was largely wholesale, and he. was located at some central point like New Orleans or Savannah. Directly after emancipation the relations of the three chief factors changed as follows: A, who was almost or quite bankrupt, divided up his plantation and let C and his family work, say 80 acres, on shares. A furnished, as before, food, shelter, tools, stock, and perhaps even clothes; C was to work the land and receive from one- third to one-half of the net proceeds after the cost of the food and clothing advanced by A had been deducted. B, the merchant of whom A bought these supplies on credit, was no longer a wholesale dealer, but a merchant in a neighboring market town of 500 to 1,000 inhab- itants, with a small cash capital and a large supply of general merchandise. This system proved very unsatisfactory. The f reed- man usually found himself at tlie end of the season with no surptus or in debt. Moreover, under the lenient ' The following description is based on the report on the negro landowner of Georgia, Bulletin No. 35 United States Department of Labor. ' THE NEGRO FARM OWNER 81 laws for the collection of debts in force at that time, the merchant B was peculiarly liable, between master and man, to lose all. As the freedman was the actual producer of the crop, it was clearly to the interest of the merchant to treat directly with him, if only he could get some legal grip upon him and his work. On the other hand, the freedman, seeking to escape from a condition hardly better than the old slavery, turned eagerly from the master to the merchant. The ex- master was not unwilling to enter into any bargain that insured him a fair income from his land. In the rearrangements between 1870 and 1880, therefore, the economic situation became as follows: A furnished land, shelter, and stock to C. The rent was either a specific part of the crop, a stated number of pounds of cotton per acre, or a fixed money rental. C bought his supplies of food, clothing, etc. , directly from B on credit. B, under a set of laws which grad- ually grew up, secured himself by a mortgage, which constituted a second lien on C's growing crop, A's rent being the first lien. B now became a crossroads mer- chant who knew how to attract and hold his black customers. An investigation of the crop-lien system made in con- nection with the census of 1880 showed that there was an increasing number of laborers seeking credit to enable them to do business on their own account as tenant farmers, and that the majority of such liens were given by this class, mostly for provisions, but to some extent also for fertilizers, mules, and farm implements. The effect upon the freedman of this new crop-lien system depended on his character and upon attend- ing circumstances. //Thrifty negroes in the hands of well-disposed landowners and honest merchants early became independent landholders; shiftless, ignorant negroes in the power of unscrupulous landowners and merchants sank to a condition hardly better than slavery. The mass of negroes between these two ex- tremes fared as chance and the weather permitted. A good season with good prices regularly freed a number from debt and made them landholders; a season poor either in weather or in prices resulted in ruin to many. ' But it is without doubt true that as conditions were after the war the crop-lien system was the only door of opportunity opened to the f reedmen, and that through this thousands have advanced from penury to land ownership. Present economic conditions. — The situation of the farming population in the black belt to-day shows four well-defined economic classes representing different stages of advancement toward farm ownership. There is the farm laborer who receives for his work, at the end of the year, certain fixed wages, varying from $30 to $60. Some receive also a house, perhaps with a garden spot, and have their supplies of food and clothing advanced; in such cases the supplies must be paid for, with interest, out of the money wages. Another class of laborers are contract hands — i. e., laborers paid by the month or year and fed and sup- plied by the landowner. Such laborers receive from 35 to 40 cents per day during the working season; they are usually unmarried persons, many being women, and when they marry they become metayers, or, occasion- ally, renters. The cropper is entirely without capital, even in the limited sense of food or money to keep him from seed- time to harvest; all he furnishes is labor, while the landowner furnishes house, land, stock, tools, and seed. At the end of the j'ear the cropper gets a stipulated portion of the crop; out of his share, however, comes payment, with interest, for food and clothing advanced him during the year. Thus we have a laborer without capital and without wages, and an employer whose cap- ital consists largely of food and other supplies advanced to laborers — an arrangement unsatisfactory to both parties, and in vogue usually on poor land with hard- pressed owners. Above the cropper comes the metayer, or share ten- ant, who works the land on his own responsibility, paying rent in cotton and supported by the crop-lien system. The great mass of the negro population is found in this class. After the war this plan attracted the f reedmen on account of its larger freedom and its possibilities for making a surplus. If the rent fixed was reasonable, this was an incentive to the tenant to strive; on the other hand, if the rent was too high or if the land deteriorated, the result was to discourage and check the efforts of the tenant. The renter for fixed money rental belongs in the highest of the emerging classes. The sole advantages possessed by this class are their freedom to choose their crops and the increased responsibility which comes through having money transactions. While some of the renters differ little in condition from the metayers, yet on the whole they are a more intelligent and responsible class, and are the ones who eventually become landowners. THE NEGKO FAKM OWNER. Proportion of owned farms. — Of the 746,715 farms operated by negroes in continental United States in 1900, 21 per cent were owned entirely, and an additional 4.2 per cent owned in part, by the farmers operating them; in other words, forty years after emancipation 25.2 per cent or about one-fourth of all negro farmers had become landholders. Of the total negro and mixed farm families reported in 1890, 120,738, or 21.7 per cent owned their farms. In 1900 there were 187,799 farms owned by negroes, which was 26.2 per cent of all farms operated bv / 82 NEGROES IN THE UNITED STATES. negroes. There were 190,111 private farm-owning negro families in 1900 and a somewhat larger number of farm-owning families of all sorts. Thus, while the number of negro farmers probably increased by about 36 or 38 per cent (see page 69), the number of negro owners increased over 57 per cent, and the percentage of ownership increased by 3.5. These percentages, although based on figures which are not entirely com- parable, are sufficiently exact to measure approximately the advance toward farm ownership made by the negroes during the decade, 1890 to 1900. In the following table the Southern states are ar- ranged in the order of the decreasing per cent of owned farms: Table XVIII. — Per cent distrHmtion, by tenure, of tne total number of farms of negro farmers in each Southern state: 1900. STATE OB TBKKITOKY. West Virginia Oklahoma Virginia Maryland Indian Territory Florida KentuQky Delaware North Carolina Texas District of Columbia Tennessee Arkansas South Carolina Mississippi Louisiana Alabama Georgia PER CENT OPERATED BY — Owners. 72.0 71.2 59.2 65.8 65.4 48.4 48.0 40.5 31.2 30.7 29.4 27.8 25.4 22.2 16.3 16.1 15.0 13.7 Man- agers. 1.1 0.3 0.5 1.8 0.8 0.7 0.6 1.8 0.2 0.1 11.8 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.3 All. 26.9 28.5 40.3 42.4 44.3 50.9 51.4 57.7 68.6 69.2 58.8 72.0 74.4 77.6 83.6 83.8 84.9 86.0 Cash. 9.1 7.6 15.4 9.6 7.1 40.7 7.0 9.2 19.0 12.9 58.8 32.2 33.7 49.7 44.5 36.6 59.7 41.9 Share. 17.8 20.9 24.9 32.8 87.2 10.2 44.4 48.5 49.6 66.3 39.8 40.7 27.9 39.1 47.3 25.2 44.1 This table exhibits a wide range in the percentage of ownership in diflferent Southern states. In the states along the northern border of the South, including Vir- ginia, Oklahoma and Indian Territory, and in Florida, the per cent of owned farms is comparatively high, varying from 40.5 in Delaware to 72 in West Virginia. In Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi, and Louisiana the percentage is very low, ranging from 13.7 per cent in Georgia to 16.3 in Mississippi; in South Carolina the percentage is somewhat higher (22.2), but is still below the average for the country. These five states are in the heart of the South; they comprise the greater part of the black belt; in each of them negroes form between 46 and 60 per cent of the total population, and negro farmers between 35 and 60 per cent of all farmers; collectively they contain almost one-half (47.5 per cent) of the total negro population of the United States. In states where negroes are relatively less numerous the percentage of ownership is higher. This suggests the inference that where the negroes are massed, tenancy is the prevailing form of farm tenure; but it is not so clear that we have here a direct relation of cause and effect.- These states are all cotton growing states. The massing of negro.es, tenant farming, and cotton culture appear to be correlated facts, the first resulting from the last and the second and the last acting as reciprocal cause and effect through the crop-lien system. In Florida, wliich has a percentage of negro population (43.7) almost as high as that of Georgia (46.7), the per- centage of ownership among colored farmers is high (48.4), because of the greater ease of acquiring fertile land in a newly settled state. For the same reason, in Texas, where nine-tenths of the negro farmers make cotton their principal crop, the per cent oi ownership (30.7), though not high, is above the average for the country. If we add a list of the states with the actual number of negro owners in each we have: Virginia, 26,566. Mississippi, 21,973. Texas, 20,139. South Carolina, 18,970. North Carolina, 17,520. Alabama, 14,110. Arkansas, 11,941. Georgia, 11,375. Tennessee, 9,426. Louisiana, 9,378. Florida, 6,552. Kentucky, 5,402. Maryland, 2,262. West Virginia, 534. Delaware, 332. District of Columbia, 5. Virginia leads, followed by Mississippi, Texas, and the Carolinas. In all these cases there are obvious reasons for the large number of owners: Virginia had developed slavery furthest and brought a larger body of negroes to a considerable degree of culture and civil- ization before 1861. It also bore the main brunt of war and the breaking up of estates gave the negroes a chance to buy. The Mississippi bottoms and the rising price of cotton are attracting negro owners, and Texas offers the chances of the free West. North Carolina had a thrifty free negro element, and Government lands were sold on favorable terms in South Carolina. Total acreage and value of owned farms. — iCensus statistics of the acreage and value of farms of negro owners as distinguished from other colored owners are not available, because in the reports of the Twelfth Census the returns of the acreage of farms, the value of farm property and products, and the expenditure for labor and fertilizers were tabulated by tenure for farms of colored farmers, but not for farms of negroes alone. The term "colored," as used in the census, includes not only negroes, but Indians, Chinese, Japa- nese, and Hawaiians. Negroes, however, constitute more than -97 per cent of all colored farmers in con- tinental United States, and almost 99 per cent of all in the Southern states. Accordingly, in considering continental United States or the South as a whole the statistics relative to colored farmers may be accepted as representing practically negro farmers. The total acreage and total value of farm property comprised in the farms owned by colored farmers are given in Table xix, together with the total value of farm, products and total expenditures for labor and fertilizers. This table gives also the distribution of those totals according to the subclasses of owned, tarn^a distinguished in the census classification. THE NEGRO FARM OWNER. 83 Table XIX.— DISTRIBUTION, BY SUBCLASSES OF TENURE, OF THE NUMBER, ACREAGE, VALUE, ETC., OP THE FARMS OF NEGRO, INDIAN, AND MONGOLIAN OWNERS IN CONTINENTAL UNITED STATES: 1900. FARMS OF NESRO OWNERS. FARMS OF ALL NEGEO, INDIAN, AND MONGOLIAN OWNERS. CLASS OF OWNERSHIP. Num- ber. Per cent of total for all own- ers. Number. Acreage. Value of farm property. Value of products of 1899 not fed to live stock. Expenditures for labor: 1899. Expenditures for fertilizers: 1899. Total. Per cent of total for all own- ers. Total. Per cent of total for all own- ers. Per cent im- proved. Total. Per cent of total for all own- ers. Total. Per cent of total for all own- ers. Total. Per cent of total for all own- ers. Total. Per cent of total for all own- ers. All owners 187,797 100.0 206,517 100.0 15,976,098 100.0 42.2 8179,796,639 100.0 867,422,983 100.0 82, 624, 595 100.0 81,197,180 100.0 Owners proper Part owners 156,870 29,956 1,471 83.3 15.9 0.8 174,434 30,501 1,582 84.4 14.8 0.8 13,621,733 2,205,297 149,068 86.3 13.8 0.9 40.5 52.4 50.2 150,557,261 27,358,225 1,881,163 83.7 15.2 1.1 47,428,563 9,431,869 562,571 82.6 16.4 1.0 2,095,485 496,670 32,440 79.9 18.9 1.2 964, 760 222,210 10,210 80.6 18.6 Owners and tenants. .. 0.8 These figures show that in 1900 negro farmers who owned all of the land they cultivated, or "owners proper," formed 83.3 per cent of all negro owners, while part owners and owners and tenants formed 15.9 per cent and 0.8 percent, respectively. For all colored farmers the percentage of owners proper was slightly larger, and that of part owners slightly smaller, than for negroes alone. It will be noticed that while the percentage of the total acreage held by colored part owners was slightly smaller than their percentage of the number of farms, their percentage of the value of farm property was slightly larger and their percentage of the value of products and of expenditures for labor and fertilizers considerably larger. This indicates that part owners as a class operate smaller but more valu- able, productive, and highly cultivated farms than those who own all their land. The few farms of owners and tenants exhibit a similar superiority over the farms of owners proper as regards value of farm property and of products, and expenditures for labor. The above table represents only the farms cultivated by negro or colored owners, taking no account of the land rented out by negro or colored owners, of which there is a considerable amount, for the custom of sub- renting is widespread. Owned and rented land in farms of owners. — The total area in farms of colored owners in continental •• United States in 1900 was 15,976,098 acres, or 24,963 square miles. Not all of this land, however, was owned by the farmers cultivating it; in farms of part owners, some of it, as already explained, was rented from other persons as an addition to the owned land. This com- posite form of tenure, under which the farmer is both owner and tenant, is representative of a method of buy- ing land prevalent among southern negroes. A man first buys 40 acres of land, paying for it in installments; after that is bought — or, more probably, while he is paying for it — he rents a neighboring plot of 40 acres which he conducts as part of his original farm. Thus '^e is a landowner, but only part owner of the farm undfer his control. In 1900 there were 30,501 such farms in continental United States conducted by col- ored farmers, of whom 29,956 were negroes. These farms contained 2,205,297 acres, of which 1,193,413, or an average of 39.1 acres per farm, were owned, and 1,011,884, or an overage of 3S;^ acres perfcrm, were rented. In the Southern states there were 28,055 sneli farms, all of which were reported by negroes. There is still a further complication of ownership in the case of the few farms conducted jointly by the owner of the land and a tenant who shares the product. In 1900 colored farmers conducted 1,582 such farms, with an area of 149,068 acres, or 94 acres per farm; of these farms, 1,471 were conducted by negroes. The land in such farms partakes of the nature of both owned and rented land (see page 78), but is appropriately classified as owned land in any statement designed to show the extent to which negroes are to be credited with the ownership of the land they cultivate. Observing these distinctions, we find that the total owned land of col- ored farmers in continental United States in 1900 amounted to 14,964,214 acres, or 23,382 square miles — an area nearly as large as Holland and Belgium — and constituted 35.8 per cent of all the land operated by colored farmers. The figures for continental United States and for the two Southern divisions are given in the following table: Table XX.- J -Acres of owned and rented land in farms of negro, Indian, and Mongolian owners: 1900. Total Owned In farms of owners proper In farms of part owners and of owners and tenants Rented Continental United States. 16,976,098 14,964,214 13,621,733 1,342,481 1,011,884 South Atlantic division. 4, 427, 439 4,095,720 3,670,737 424,983 331, 719 South Central division. 1, 931, 245 8,477,013 7,717,407 759, 606 464,232 The per cent which the acreage owned forms of the total acreage in aU farms of colored farmers is 35.8 for 84 NEGROES IN THE UNITED STATES. continental United States, 26.2 for the South Atlantic states, and 36.9 for the South Central states. Yalue of farm pro]pefrty owned hy negroes. — The total value of the farm property in the three classes of farms operated by colored owners in the United States (in- cluding Hawaii) was $181,116,048. ' ' This sum includes the value of farms, live stock, and implements on farms owned and operated by Indians, Chinese, Japanese, and Hawaiians, as well as by negroes. After making an allowance for such values, if an estimate of the probable total farm wealth of the negro farmers, June 1, 1900, be desired, the value of the live stock on rented farms, of which a large share generally belongs to the tenants, should be added. That value for the colored tenants was $57,167,206. Adding this sum to the pre- ceding total, it appears that the value, June 1, 1900, of the farm property belonging to negroes was approxi- mately 1200,000,000, or a little less than $300 for each negro farmer."^ ■This estimate, however, takes no account of property owned by negroes and rented out to either negroes or whites. In the btatc of G eoigia, f<>r instance, according to, the tax returns the land held by colored owners in rural districts in 1900 comprised 1,075,073 acres, while according to the Twelfth Census the acreage of land owned by colored farmers was 871,776, or more than 200,000 less. A similar, though smaller, discrepancy appeared in Virginia. It is probable that most of this diflference represents land sublet by negro owners to tenants, and accordingly reported in the census among the farms of tenants; therefore we are probably jus- tified in adding 15 per cent to the above estimated value of property owned by negro farmers in con- tinental United States, thus bringing the total up to $230,000,000. The value of the land in farms of all colored owners in continental United States in 1900 — including the value of the supplementary land rented, which, if we assume it to be of the same average value as the rest, amounted to about $7,500,000— was $102,022,601. While some of the land is very good, most of it is poor, being often practically worn out or disadvantageously situated as regards a market. Of the 206,517 farms of colored owners in continental United States in 1900, 201,106 had buildings^^j^caiu, value of these was $28,662,167. For farms \ ^^ iforu buildings, the average value per farm was |143. This would mean, in the South, a log or plank house of two or three rooms, and two or three outhouses of various kinds. The value in 1900 of implements and machinery on these farms amounted to $8,352,975. The negro's tools are few and old-fashioned, a plow and a hoe being the indispensables. However, the farms of negro owners are somewhat better equipped than those of tenants, having wagons and here and there a cotton gin, and perhaps a reaper, though that is rarer. ' Twelfth Census, Vol. V, page ex. The value of live stock on these farms in 1900 was $40,758,896. The proportion of this total reported by Indians is greater than their proportion of any other item of farm property, but the negroes own considera- ble live stock. Products and expenditures on owned farms. — The gross value of products of 1899 on farms of colored owners in continental United States was $67,132,380; on subtracting the value of products fed to live stock, we have a net value of $57,422,983, or 31.9 per cent of the total value of farm property. In 1899 colored farm owners expended for labor over $2,500,000, or nearly $13 per farm. At prevail- ing rates of wages this means the employment of a man, to hoe or pick cotton, or to plant and gather other crops, for about one month in the year. This in- dicates that the owned farm of the negro is primarily a tract suitable for cultivation by one family. This statement is partially modified, however, by the fact that considerable land is rented out by owners ; more- over, it is probable that on the small farms very little labor is hired, the average being maintained by consid- erable hiring on the larger farms. It is noteworthy that among colored farmers more labor is hired, on the average, by colored tenants than by owners — probably because the farms of tenants, although smaller, have a larger average acreage of improved land than those of owners. The expenditures for fertilizers on farms of colored owners in 1899 amounted to over a million dollars, thus averaging about $6 per farm. FARM STATISTICS BT TENURE. Farms of colored farmers classified hy tenure. — In comparing the value, acreage, etc. , of the farms of the negro farmers in the different classes of tenure it is necessary, for reasons already explained, (see page 82) to make use of figures which include farms operated by Mongolian and Indian farmers. The relative import- ance of the negro farmers as compared with the other colored farmers is shown for the several geographic divisions of the United States in the following tp-ble: Table XXI. — Number and acreage of farms of negro, and of Indian and Mongolian farmers: 1900. A.— NUMBER. DIVISION. Total number. FARMS OF NEGRO FARMERS. FARMS OF INDIAN OR MONGOLIAN FARMERS. Number. Per cent ol total number. Number. Per cent of total number. Continental U. S. 767,764 746,715 97.3 21,049 2.7 North Atlantic 2,140 288,871 16,900 451,799 8,064 1,761 287,983 12,265 444,429 337 82.8 99.7 72.5 98.4 4.2 379 938 4,645 7,870 7,717 South Atlantic 17.7 North Central 0.3 South Central 27.5 1.8 95.8 CLASSIFICATION BY TENURE. 85 Table XXI. — Number and acreage of farms of negro, and of Indian and Mongolian farmers; 1900 — Continued. B.— ACREAGE. Total acreage. FABMS OF NEGBO FARMERS. FARMS OP INDIAN OR MONGOLIAN FARMERS. Acreage. Per cent of total acreage. Acreage. Per cent of total acreage. continental U. S. 41,766,023 38,233,920 91.5 3,632,103 8.5 North Atlantic 107,239 15,637,265 2,211,338 22,974,781 835,400 84,407 15,573,661 787,071 21,712,876 76,006 78.7 99.6 36.6 94.5 9.1 22,832 63,704 1,424,267 1,261,905 769,395 21.3 South Atlantic North Central 0.4 64.4 South Central. 6 6 Western 90.9 In the two Southern divisions the colored farmers consist almost entirely of negroes, the number of other colored farmers being so small that it is practically a negligible quantity; accordingly, for these two divisions generalizations in regard to the negroes may be based' upon statistics for" all colored. In the North Atlantic and North Central states, however, the proportion of other colored is a factor of importance, and in the Western states the number of negroes is small in com- parison to the total numbfer of colored. In so far, then, as it may be necessary to use the data for "colored," the discussion by geographic divisions and states will be confined to the South, where 96 per cent of the negro . farmers are found, and where negro and colored are practicallj'^ coextensive and identical; and the Northern and Western states will* be taken into consideration only so far as they are represented in the totals for continental United States. The distribution of farms by tenure has already been presented for the farms operated by negroes (see Table xvi), but since the statistics of acreage and value which follow, relate to all colored farmers it is desira- ble to have the distribution shown for this class also, although it differs but little from that shown for negro farmers alone. Accordingly, in Table xxii, the number of farms operated by colored farmers in each main class of tenure is given, together with the per cent which the number in each class forms of the total number in all classes. The comparison by geographic divisions in this table and in those which follow is con- fined to the South, but is presented for the minor as well as the main divisions of that section. Table XXII. — Farms of negro, Indian, and Mongolian farmers classified according to tenure: 1900. NXIMEEK OP FARMS OPERATED BY— DIVISION. All classes. Owners. Mana- gers. Tenants. All. Cash. Share. Continental U. S .... 767,764 206,517 1,824 559,423 274,663 284,760 South Atlantic division .... Northern South Atlantic. Southern South Atlantic . South Central division Eastern South Central.. Western South Central.. 288,871 62,264 236,617 451,799 267,895 183,904 85,116 30,699 54,417 101,660 49,911 61,649 970 368 602 623 324 299 202,785 21,187 181,598 349,616 217,660 131, 956 100,697 7,607 92,990 171,105 125,104 46,001 102,188 13,580 88,608 178,511 92,556 85,956 Table XXII. — Farms of negro, Indian, and Mongolian farmers classified according to tenure: 1900 — Continued. PER CENT OPERATED BY — DIVISION. All classes. Owners. Mana- gers. Tenants. All. Cash. Share. Continental U. S 100.0 26.9 0.2 72.9 35.8 37.1 South Atlantic division Northern South Atlantic . Southern South Atlantic. South Central division Eastern South Central.. Western South Central.. 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 29.5 58.8 23.0 22.5 18.6 28.1 0.3 0.7 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.2 70.2 40.5 76.7 77.4 81.3 71.7 34.8 14.5 39.3 87.9 46.7 26.0 35.4 26.0 37.4 39.6 34.6 46.7 A little more than one-fourth of all colored farmers in continental United States are owners, almost three- fourths are tenants, and a very small fraction are man- agers. A comparison of the figures for the South by minor divisions brings out the fact that in the Northern South Atlantic states the percentage of owners is excep- tionally high (58.8), while in the Eastern South Central it is exceptionally low (18.6). The tenant class of colored farmers in continental United States, is almost equally divided between cash tenants and share tenants, the former constituting a little more and the latter a little less than one-half of the total. This equality is the resultant, however, of counterbalancing inequalities in the different divisions; for in the Northern South Atlantic and Western South Central divisions share tenants predominate, constitut- ing about two-thirds of all tenants, while in the Eastern South Central almost three-fifths of all tenants are cash tenants. Farm acreage hy tenure. — The per cent distribution, by tenure, of the total farm acreage is shown in the following table: Table XXIII. — Per cent distribution, by tenure, of the total acreage and of the total improved acreage in farms of negro, Indian, and Mongolian farmers: 1900. FEB CENT OP THE TOTAL ACREAGE IN FARMS OF— Own- ers. Mana- gers. Tenants. All. Cash. Share. Continental United States 38.3 1.2 60.5 31.6 28.9 28.3 43.4 25.2 38.9 30.4 49.2 1.3 1.9 1.1 1.0 0.5 1.6 70.4 54.7 73.7 60.1 69.1 49.2 36.0 16.8 40.0 32.3 43.9 18.1 34.4 Northern South Atlantic 37.9 33.7 27.8 Eastern South Central 25.2 31.1 PER CENT or THE TOTAL IMPROVED ACREAGE IN FARMS OF^ DIVISION. Own- ers. Mana- gers. Tenants. All. Cash. Share. Continental United States 27.8 0.6 71.6 35.7 35.9 23.6 44.6 19.6 27.4 20.9 36.1 0.7 1.8 0.6 0.4 0.3 0.6 75.7 63.6 79.8 72.2 78.8 63.3 36.9 14.6 41.0 36.8 48.2 21.6 38 8 Northern South Atlantic 39 38 8 South Central division 36 4 30 6 Western South Central ... 41 7 86 NEGROES IN THE UNITED STATES. Colored owners, while constituting, in 1900, 26.9 per cent of all colored farmers, cultivated 38.3 per cent of the total farm acreage under colored control, but only 27.8 per cent of the improved acreage. This means that their farms were considerably larger than those of tenants, although comprising but little more im- proved acreage. The contrast is most marked in the Western South Central states, where the owners, oper- ating 28.1 per cent of all farms, had 49.2 per cent of the total acreage and 36.1 per cent of the improved acreage; in other words, in this division owners had not only a much larger total acreage in proportion to the number of their farms than tenants, but also a con- siderably larger improved acreage. In the Northern South Atlantic division, on the other hand, the owners' proportion of acreage, both total and improved, fell below their proportion of farms. The following table gives the percentage which the improved acreage forms of the total acreage for each main class of tenure: Table XXIV. — Per cent of the total acreage improved in farms of negro, Indian, and Mongolian farmers classified by tenure: 1900. PER CENT OF THU TOTAL ACREAGE IMPROVED IN FARMS OF— raVIBION. Own- ers. Mana- gers. Tenants. All. Cash. Share. Continental United States 42.2 30.1 68.8 66.6 72.8 South Atlantic division 47.4 64.1 45.0 44.0 44.7 43.5 33.2 61.2 27.2 26.8 42.8 21.0 61.1 51.7 62.6 74.8 74.0 76,2 68.3 45.8 59.4 70.9 71.1 70.4 64 1 Northern South Atlantic 54 3 Southern South Atlantic . 68 5 Attention has just been called to the fact that owners, while operating larger farms than tenants, have hardly more improved acreage. It follows, of course, that they have less improved acreage, in proportion to the size of their farms. The difference is shown in the above table, the per cent which, in continental United States, the improved land forms of the total acreage being 42.2 for farms of owners and 68.8 for farms of tenants. A similar difference prevails in each of the main and minor geographic divisions of the South, except the Northern South Atlantic, in which the per cent of the total acreage improved on farms of owners slightly exceeds that on farms of tenants. This divi- sion, it will be remembered, is exceptional also in show- ing smaller farms for owners than for tenants. In general, the small farm is more fully improved than the large. Of the two classes of tenants, cash tenants, operating larger farms than share tenants, have the lower per cent of improved acreage, so that, as regards the per- centage of improved land, tenants rank above owners and share tenants above cash tenants. A reason for this difference is stated in the following extract from the Keport on Agriculture: ' The very high per cent of improved land in the tenant farms of the South arises from the fact that land in that section is leased mainly for raising crops. Originally, great areas of land in the South were held in large plantations and operated by slave labor. After emancipation that form of labor was superseded by some form of contract leasehold, by which the former slaves or wage laborers were given charge of small tracts of improved land, upon which they were to raise crops. The tracts thus leased included only the improved land of the old plantations, while the land retained by the plantation owners was mostly unimproved. This explains the exceptionally high per cent of improved land in farms of tenants and the correspondingly low per cent in those of owners and managers. The same general relation between the lands of owners and tenants exists in all parts of the country. A large proportion of tenant farms are but parts of larger farms once oper- ated by their owners, who, with advancing years, lease the larger portion of their cultivable land to tenants, retaining the woodland and partially improved lands as their own farms. In many sections of the South the small renter takes nothing but actually cultivated land. His rent, whether in money or kind, is generally, and over large areas invariably, per acre. Consequently it is to his interest to rent not one barren or idle acre, and the result is that large numbers of rented tracts are 100 per cent improved. Generally speaking, it is only the owners or renters of large bodies of land who have any con- siderable woodland or other land unimproved. Under the share system the interests of the landlord as well as the tenant demand that every acre rented be pro- ductive land. This probably explains the fact that the per cent of improved acreage is higher for share than for cash tenants. Table xxv gives the average total and the average improved acreage per farm for each main class of tenure: Table XXV. — Average total and improved acreage in farms of negro, Indian, and Mongolian farmers classified by tenure: 1900. AVERAGE TOTAL ACREAGE FOR FARMS OF— DIVISION. Own- ers. Mana- gers. Tenants. AU. Cash. Share. Continental United States 77 278 45 48 42 South Atlantic division ..'. 52 38 60 88 .77 99 207 137 250 365 186 559 64 70 52 40 40 39 66 60 56 43 44 41 53 75 49 36 34 87 Northern South Atlantic Southern South Atlantic South Central division Eastern South Central Western South Central AVERAGE IMPROVED AOKEAOE FOR FARMS OP— DrVIBION. Own- ers. Mana- gers. Tenants. All. Cash. Share. Continental United States 33 25 21 27 39 34 43 84 69 70 68 98 80 117 31 33 36 33 SO 30 29 32 31 South Atlantic division 33 27 S3 31 S2 29 Northern South Atlantic S4 Southern South Atlantic.-. 41 South Central division 33 Eastern South Central . . . 28 Western South Central 27 80 ' Twelfth Census, Vol. V, page Ixxxii. CLASSIFICATION BY TENURE. 87 The averages in the above table express in another way, and more precisely, the differences in the size of farms in different classes of tenure, already indicated by the comparison between the distribution of the num- ber of farms and the distribution of farm acreage. In continental United States the average size of farms of owners is 77 acres, while that of tenants is only 45 acres; but the average numbers of acres improved are 33 and 31, respectively, or hardly more on farms of owners than on those of tenants. In the Northern South Atlantic states the tenant farms are exceptionally large and the owned farms exceptionally small, the result being that in this division the tenant's farm has not only a larger total acreage, but also a larger improved acreage, than the owner's. The exceptional character of this division as regards the tenure of farms is noted in other connections. It is due to several causes: This section of the country is the oldest seat of negro settle- ment in America; the slaves here were sifted, the least intelligent and the vicious being sold south and the house servant class retained; proximity to northern markets and a considerable city population make market gardening possible; all this has led the more intelligent to buy land and go into small farming with miscella- neous crops. On the other hand, tenant farming in this region only pays when entered into on a larger scale than that of the owned market garden, and at the same time there is no great staple crop like cotton to form the basis of a crop-lien system and lead to tenancy rather than ownership. The Western South Central states represent the other extreme, owners' farms being very much larger than those of tenants. It is probable that in this division the live stock farms, of which there are a considerable number operated by colored farmers, bring up the average for owners without greatly affect- ing that for tenants. Then, too, the greater ease of buying land in the West is a factor of importance. The exceptionally large size of the few managers' farms is noticeable in each division. Yalue of farm property hy tenure. — The per cent distribution, by tenure, of the total value of farm property is shown in the following table: Table XXVI. — Per cent distribution, by tenure, of the total value of property in farms of negro, Indian, and Mongolian farmers: 1900. PER CENT OF THE TOTAL TALUE OF FAKM PEOPEBTY IN PAKMS OF— blVIBION. Own- ers. Mana- gers. Tenants. All. Cash. Share. Continental United States 32.9 1.8 65.3 32.6 32.7 28.8 47.2 23.7 30.3 22.7 38.8 2.0 4.7 1.3 1.3 0.9 1.7 69.2 48.1 75.0 68.4 76.4 69.5 32.8 15.1 37.7 34.8 45.8 22.6 36.4 33.0 37.3 83. (> 30.6 36.9 From this table it appears that owners' farms, which constitute 26.9 per cent of the total number of farms and comprise 38.3 per cent of the total acreage (Tables XXI and xxii), represent 32.9 per cent of the total value of farm property. This means that these farms are both larger and more valuable than the farms of ten- ants although the difference in value is not as great as the difference in size. Or, one might say, the tenant has a more valuable farm in proportion to its acreage than the owner, which would only be another way of repeat- ing the fact that 57.8 per cent of the total acreage in owners' farms is unimproved land, while in tenants' farms the unimproved portion is only 31.2 per cent of the total. The Northern South Atlantic division, it will be remembered, is exceptional in showing a higher per cent of improved acreage for owners than for ten- ants, and in this division only does the owners' propor- tion of the total farm property exceed their proportion of the total acreage. The per cent which the value of each class of farm property forms of the total farm value is shown in the following table: Table XXVII. — Per cent which the value of each specified class of farm property forms of the total value of farm property in farms of negro, Indian, and Mongolian farmers classified by tenure: 1900. DIVIBION AND CLASS. Continental United States: Farms of— Owners Managers Tenants Cash Share Northern South Atlantic division: Farms of — Owners Managers Tenants Cash Share Southern South Atlantic division: Farms of— Owners Managers Tenants Cash Share Eastern South Central division: Farms of — Owners Managers Tenants Cash Share Western South Central division: Farms of— Owners Managers Tenants Cash Share PEB CENT OF THE TOTAL VALUE OF FAEM PEOPEETY. Land and improve- ments {ex- cept build- mgs). 66.7 61.4 67.8 66.3 69.2 62.9 65.7 65.6 68.7 64.3 60.0 68.3 68.9 67.3 70.6 66.7 68.0 65.2 63.7 67.6 55.3 42.8 67.5 64.8 69.2 Build- ings. 16.9 16.8 12.8 12.2 13.4 26.7 24.1 19.6 17.4 20.6 18.6 20.2 13.3 12.9 13.7 16.8 17.6 12.6 12.1 13.2 13.7 8.2 12.4 12.4 12.3 Imple- ments and ma- chinery. 4.7 2.8 3.4 3.8 3.1 4.7 2.9 3.2 3.2 3.2 4.6 3.3 3.2 8.7 2.7 4.9 3.3 4.0 3.3 4.5 1.9 3.4 3.7 3.3 Live stock. 22.7 19.0 16.0 17.7 14.3 16.7 7.3 11.6 10.7 12.0 16.8 8.2 14.6 16.1 13.0 21.6 11.1 18.5 20:2 16.0 26.6 47.1 16.7 19.1 15.2 From this analysis it is evident that buildings, im- plements, and live stock represent larger percentages of the total value of property in owned farms than in tenant farms. This holds true for each of the minor 88 NEGROES IN THE UNITED STATES. divisions of the South, as well as for continental United States. It follows that the percentage of the total farm value represented by land alone is smaller for owners than for tenants. The differences are shown in the above table. The owner's farm, however, is on the average a more valuable farm, so that the land, while constituting a smaller part of the total value of farm property, may nevertheless represent a greater value than the land on the tenant's farm. That this is to some extent the case is evident from the following table, which presents the average values of different classes of farm property: Table XXVIII. — Average values per farm of specified classes of prop- erty in farms of negro, Indian, and Mongolian farmers, classified by tenure: 1900. AVERAGE VALUE OF FAKM PKOPBBTY. IlIVlSION AND CLASS. Total. Land and improve- ments (except build- ings). Build- ings. Imple- ments and ma- chinery. Live stock. Continental United States: Farms of— Owners 8871 5,360 638 649 628 8494 3,294 432 431 434 8139 899 82 79 86 $41 150 22 24 19 $197 1,017 102 Managers .. . Tenants.. Cash Northern South Atlantic division: Farms of — 542 4,510 801 698 858 559 2,716 529 519 539 778 4,628 601 627 666 1,152 8,687 693 - 756 660 287 2,963 626 479 551 -336 1,864 366 349 381 442 3,144 392 399 382 637 3,714 468 489 457 139 1,087 ii 176 104 549 70 67 74 130 815 75 76 74 158 714 85 93 81 25 131 26 22 27 26 90 17 19 14 38 164 23 25 19 62 164 24 28 22 Managers 329 Tenants 93 Cash 75 Share Southern South Atlantic division: Farms of— Managers 223 Tenants 77 Cash Eastern South Central division: Farms of — Owners 168 Managers 615 Tenants Cash Western South Central division: Farms of — Owners 305 4,095 Cash In continental United States and in each of the minor Southern divisions except the Northern South Atlantic, the owner's farm is more valuable than the tenant's, the difference being especially marked in the Western South Central states. But in the Northern South Atlantic division the total farm value and also the sepa- rate values of land, buildings, and live stock are higher for tenants than for owners. In the Southern South Atlantic states, while the value of land is higher on tenant farms, the values of the other items, as well as the total farm value, are somewhat lower. In each of the two South Central divisions, not only the total value of the farm, but also the value of each class of farm property, is higher on owners' farms than on those of tenants. The farms of managers show, in every divi- sion and for each class of property, a much higher value than those of either owners or tenants. Value of farm prochtcts hy tenwre. — The following table gives the per cent which the value of products of 1899 not fed to live stoCk for each class of farms by tenure forms of the total value for all farms: Table XXIX. — Per cent distribution, by tenure, of the total value of . the farm products not fed to live stock, for farms of negro, Indian, and Mongolian farmers: 1899. PER CENT OF THE TOTAL VALUE COM- PRISED IN FARMS OP— DIVTSrON. Own- ers. Mana- gers. Tenants. All. Cash. Share. Continental United States ... 24.1 0.7 76.2 88.1 37.1 24.0 49.3 20.0 22.4 17.6 29.2 0.7 1.9 0.6 0.6 0.3 1.1 76.3 48.8 79.4 77.0 82.1 69.7 35.7 14.3 39.0 40.2 49.5 26.9 39.6 34.5 Southern South Atlantic 40 4 South Central division 36.8 Eastern South Central 32 6 42.8 For continental United States the owners' proportion of the total value of products not fed to live stock (24.1 per cent) is not as large as their proportion of the total value of farm property (32.9 per cent), indicating that their farms are less productive in proportion to the value of the farm property than the farms of tenants. In the Northern South Atlantic, however, the differ- ence is the other way, the tenants' farms representing a slightly larger proportion of the total value of products not fed than of the total value of farm property. The per cent which the value of products not fed forms of the total value of farm property is given for each class of tenure in the following table: Table XXX. — Per cent which the value of the products not fed to live stock forms of the value of farm property, for farms of negro, Indian, and Mongolian farmers, classified by tenure: 1899. DIVISION. PER CENT WHICH THE VALUE OF THE PRODUCTS NOT FfeD TO LIVE STOCK FORMS OF THE VALUE OF FARM PROP- ERTY FOR FARMS OF— Own- ers. Mana- gers. Tenants. All. Cash. Share. Continental United States 31.9 17.6 60.2 50.9 49.4 40.3 31.6 45.1 34.0 39.6 30.5 17.6 12.1 23.2 22.0 15.0 26.1 62.8 30.7 66.8 51.7 54.7 47.3 52.8 28.7 56.4 52.9 55.1 48.1 62.9 31.6 58.1 50.4 54.3 46.8 Northern South Atlantic Southern South Atlantic . . . South Central division Eastern South Central Western South Central It appears from this table that the products raised on farms of tenants are equivalent, in value, to one-half (50.2 per cent) of the value of such farms; on farms of owners the products are equivalent to less than one-third (31.9 per cent) of the farm value. These - percentages confirm the inference already made with CLASSIFICATION BY TENURE. 89 reference to comparative productiveness of tenants' and owners' farms, as measu -ed by the ratio of value of products to value of property. The greatest difference between owner and tenant is in the general methods of farming; the owner seeks more to preserve the native powers of the soil, and consequently does not raise as large crops by wasteful and forcing methods; his crops are more diversified, and he cultivates more articles for home consumption; more of his capital is put into per- manent improvements and less into seed, fertilizers, and hired labor. The average values per farm and per acre of products of 1899 not fed to live stock are presented in the follow- ing table: Table XXXI. — Average values, per farm and per acre, of the products not fed to live stock for farms of negro, Indian, and Mongolian farmers: 1899. AVERAGE VALUE PER FARM FOB PABMS OF— PIVISION. Own- era. Mana- gers. Tenants. All. Cash. Share. Continental United States $278 «946 $320 $331 $811 Soutli Atlantic division 223 171 252 330 307 361 598 547 630 1,449 694 2,267 295 246 300 328 329 328 281 200 288 350 345 363 308 271 318 308 Eastern Soutli Central 307 309 AVERAGE VALUE PER ACRE FOR FARMS OF— DIVISION. Own- ers. Mana- gers. Tenants. All. Cash. Share. Continental United States 83.69 83.40 $7.09 $6.87 $7.32 South Atlantic division 4.29 4.49 4.21 3.75 4.00 2.89 4.00 2.51 3.97 3.72 5.43 3.53 5.72 8.31 8.21 8.49 5.04 3.36 5.18 8.07 7.79 8.90 5.84 Northern South Atlantic 3.60 6.86 8.59 Eastern South Central 8.93 3.56 1 4.06 8.25 The average production per farm is higher for ten- ants than for owners in each minor geographic division except the Western South Central, in which, it will be remembered, the farms of owners represent a much greater average value of property than the farms of tenants (Table xxviii). The average value of products per farm for share tenants is higher than that for cash tenants in the two South Atlantic divisions, but lower in the two South Central divisions. The averages per acre are affected to a considerable extent by the proportion of acreage improved. A farm in which most of the land is improved will naturally produce more per acre than one in which the proportion of improved land is smaller. It is not surprising, then, to find that in the South Central divisions, where about 76 per cent of the tenants' acreage is improved and only about 45 per cent of the owners' (Table xxrv), the average value of products per acre is more than twice as high for ten- ants as for owners. In the Southern South Atlantic division a similar, though less marked, contrast exists, but in the Northern South Atlantic division both the per cent of improved acreage and the average value of products per acre are lower for tenants than for owners. General conclusions. — Several things are noticeable in regard to tenure: First, the percentage of tenancy in most of the Southern states and especially in Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana, and Mississippi is high; second, those states with a relatively large percentage of owners — ^Texas, Virginia, Delaware, District of Colum- bia, Florida, Kentucky, Maryland, and West Virginia — ■ have in nearly all cases fewer cash tenants, or renters, than share tenants, or metayers, showing that it is as easy to pass directly from share tenancy to ownership as to stop at the intermediate stage. The District of Columbia and Florida are exceptions to this rule because of market gardening of the District and the peculiar crops of Florida. On the other hand, where the per- centage of ownership is small, the tendency often is for the cash renters to outnumber the metayers and thus secure the differential advantages by assuming the greater risk. This is shown by the figures for Ala- bama, Mississippi, and South Carolina, where the renters exceed the metayers, and the same tendency is manifest, though less marked, in Georgia, Louisiana, Arkansas, and Tennessee. North Carolina stands be- tween the owning and tenant states. In all these divisions there are certain points brought out by comyjaring the renters and metayers. The metayers usually excel in the value per acre of their produce, not counting that fed to live stock. This means that the metayer's chief object is to get a large crop, and that this crop often represents a forcing of the natural productiveness of the soil and a neglect of stock raising. Consequently, as we should expect, the renters in most cases have more stock. In the centers of negro population the renter also has better tools to work with. On the other hand, the metayer is apt to have a better home. At first sight this seems illogical, but it most probably means that the strain of a rising social class, as the renters are, falls often on home com- forts. They economize here, living in the old one-room cabin, and eating and dressing meagerly until they can buy land. The metayer, on the other hand, may have his home repaired at the owner's expense, or, having no intention of buying land, may not deny himself many available comforts. Certain differences, too, are mani- fest between the East and West — i. e., between the North and South Atlantic states on the one hand and the North and South Central states on the other. In the West the land of the renter is the more valuable. In the East that of the metayers is the more valuable, although this is not wholly true in the North Atlantic states. At any rate, taking into account all the farm property, the renter is noticeably the richer in the West, and the metayer, in the North, Both these 90 NEGROES IN THE UNITED STATES. phenomena are, of course, explained by the richer and more abundant land of the Mississippi valley. THE RELATIVE IMPORTANCE OF THE NEGRO IN AGRI- CtTLTURB. An attempt has been made in the foregoing study to treat the negro farmers as a group without comparing them directly with the whites. This is necessary if one would gain an intelligent picture of the development of the f reedmen's sons and not be misled by inapt compar- ison. Nevertheless the great and patent fact is that this group of negroes is not developing by itself, but is surrounded by a large and rich nation of whites. What are the relations of the blacK to the environing white group ? Their relations are of three kinds: They stand as laborer to employer, as tenant to landlord, and as coproducers of the wealth of the. land. The first of these three relations has been touched on but casually in this discussion ; the second has been treated at con- siderable length. Let us now consider the third. Proportion of the total farm acreage and total fa/rm values im, fa/rms operated iy negroes. — Some light upon this question may be derived from the following table showing what percentages of the total number of farms, total farm acreage and farm values, and total expendi- tures for labor. and fertilizers, are comprised in farms operated by negroes. Table XXXII.— PER CENT OF THE TOTAL NUMBER OF ALL FARMS, TOTAL ACREAGE, AND TOTAL SPECIFIED VALUES AND EXPENDITURES COMPRISED IN FARMS OPERATED BY NEGROES: 1900. DIVISION AND STATE OB TEEKITOKY. Continental United States South Atlantic division Delaware Maryland District of Colvunbia. . Virginia West Virginia North Carolina South Carolina Georgia Florida South Central division . Kentucky Tennessee Alabama Mississippi Louisiana Arkansas Indian Territory Oklahoma Texas North Atlantic division North Central division . , Western division . . . . PER CENT OP THE TOTAL FOR ALL FARMS COMPRISED IN FARMS OPERATED BY NEGROES. Number of farms. 29.9 8.4 12,7 6.8 26.7 0.8 24.0 6B.0 36.9 33.1 25.8 4.8 16.1 42.1 68.1 50.1 26.3 9.0 3.6 18.6 0.3 0.6 0.2 Acreage. Improved acreage, 4.6 4.9 7.2 3.6 11.2 0.4 12.7 27.1 20.7 16.4 8.4 2.0 7.6 22.8 32.3 21.2 13.8 6.0 1.7 3.0 0.1 0.2 0.1 5.6 4.0 11.1 0.4 17.3 39.4 31.3 27.8 17.3 2.5 10.1 35.4 49.3 33.7 19.8 5.8 2.0 12.4 0.1 0.3 0.1 Value of farm property. Total. 11.2 3.4 4.0 2.6 7.6 0.4 12.2 28.6 21.3 12.0 10.9 2.3 7.8 26.1 42.3 19.1 18.8 4.8 1.6 5.8 0.2 0.2 0.1 Land and improve- ments (except build- ings). 3.7 4.0 2.8 7.2 0.4 13.3 30.2 23.5 12.0 12.3 2.5 8.4 29.0 47.9 22.5 21.6 5.7 1.7 6.3 0.2 0.3 1.1 Build- ings. 2.2 8.7 2.8 3.7 1.0 7.7 0.4 9.4 21.3 15.2 11.4 12.4 1.9 5.8 17.8 31.3 16.7 14.0 5.9 1.5 7.1 0.2 0.2 0.7 Imple- ments and ma- chinery. 2.8 3.4 3.8 7.2 9.4 0.4 10.4 24.0 17.2 15.1 10; 2.3 8.3 22.2 34.6 6.0 14.2 5.3 1.6 7.2 0.2 0.3 1.6 Live stock. 4.8 1.8 8.6 0.4 12.2 32.0 21.8 12.0 10.6 2.2 8.0 27.1 38.6 23.5 16.2 3.6 1.3 0.2 0.4 1.2 Value of products 1899. 18.8 3.7 4,6 2.0 11.4 0.4 16.5 38.9 28.7 20.1 18.2 2.8 10.4 82.5 50.7 28.9 22.6 5.4 1.6 10.2 0.1 0.2 0.1 Value of products of 1899 not fed to live stock. 6.1 19.6 3.7 4.7 2.0 11.6 0.5 16.9 39.4 29.0 19.7 19.1 3.0 11.0 33.1 62.3 29.0 24.3 6.4 1.6 10.3 0.1 0.2 0.1 Expendi- ture for labor: 1899. 2.5 2.7 1.1 5.5 0.4 9.1 19.8 6.2 9.1 1.7 5.2 27.7 34.1 6.2 17.3 3.3 0.7 4.9 0.1 0.2 0.1 Expendi- ture for ferti- lizers: 10.5 20.4 3.6 4.6 2.3 U.2 0.6 18.5 33.5 7.3 13.9 1.7 4.4 20.9 22.9 7.3 16.1 0.2 0.2 0.1 The negro farmer conducts 13 per cent or about one- eighth of the farms in continental United States, and controls 4.6 per cent of the total farm acreage, 5.6 per cent of the improved acreage, and 2. -4 per cent of the farm property. He raises 5.4 per cent of the total farm products measured by value and 6.1 per cent of the farm products not fed to live stock. These figures are small, but that is because the country is so large and rich. In the North Atlantic division the negro farmer is a negligible quantity, cultivating only three-tenths of 1 per cent of all the farms in that division. In the North Central states he is a somewhat larger figure, but holds only six-tenths of 1 per cent of the farms. In the Western states the proportion falls to one-tenth of 1 per cent. If, however, we confine our comparison to the South we find that the negro conducts considerably more than a fourth of the farms, a little more than a tenth of the total acreage, more than a sixth of the improved acreage, and about a ninth of the farm property; and that he raises more than a sixth of the gross products, according to value, and almost a fifth of the products not fed to live stock. These statistics, of course, take no account of the negro's productivity as a farm laborer, but only as a farmer. It is noticeable that while the contribution of the negro farmer to the agri- cultural production of the South comes short of his proportion of the total number of farms, it fully equals his proportion of the improved acreage, and exceeds his proportion of the total farm acreage and farm property. In the South Atlantic division negroes hold a little COMPARISON OF WHITE AND COLORED FARMERS. 91 more than two-sevenths of the farms, over one-seventh of the acreage, and one-ninth of the total fai-m prop- erty, and raise one-fifth of the farm products measured by value. They hire one-tenth of the farm labor meas- ured in wages, and use over one-fifth of the fertilizers. In the South Central division they hold a smaller propor- tion of the total number of farms and of the total acre- age, but their proportion of the total farm property and farm products is about the same as in the other division. They spend as much relatively for labor but less for fertilizers. If we consider the figures by states we may get .addi- tional light. Over one-half the farms in Louisiana, Mississippi, and South Carolina are conducted by ne- groes; between one-third and one-half in Alabama and Georgia; and between one-fourth and one-third in Vir- ginia, Arkansas, and Florida. Mississippi has nearly one-third of its total farm acreage under negro farmers, and Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana, and South Carolina have from one-fifth to one-third of their acreage. Of the total value of farm property negroes control two- fifths in Mississippi, more than one-fourth in Alabama and South Carolina, and about one-fifth in Louisiana and Georgia. Of farm products measured by value negroes raise more than one-half in Mississippi, two- fifths in South Carolina, and from one-fourth to one- third in Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana, and Arkansas. It is evident, then, that in a large section of the South, and notably in the Gulf states, agricultural industry is dependent to a very large degree upon the cooperation of the negro farmer, leaving out of account the services of the negro farm laborer. Proportion of classified fa/rms operated hy negroes. — The following table shows the proportion of farms operated by negroes in each class of tenure: Table XXXIII. — Per end which farms operated by negroes form of the total number of farms in each class of tenure: 1900. PER CENT OPERATED BY NEGROES. CLASS OF FARMS. Conti- nental United states. North Atlantic division. South Atlantic division. North Central division. South Central division. Western division. All farms 13.0 0.3 29.9 0.6 26.8 0.2 Farms of— Owners 5.0 6.7 2.8 2.9 36.3 22.3 0.2 0.4 0.1 0.5 0.5 0.3 14.7 30.4 8.0 10.6 58.2 40.4 0.4 0.7 0.5 0.6 0.8 0.9 10.8 16.0 6.4 6.2 59.8 34.2 0.1 0.1 Owners and tenants. 0.1 0.1 Cash tenants Share tenants 0.1 0.2 As would be expected, the proportion of negroes is largest among tenant farmers; and it is interesting to note that it is larger among cash tenants than among share tenants. For each class of tenure the per cent of farms operated by negroes is naturally highest in the Southern divisions.. For cash tenants it is slightly higher in the South Central states than in the South Atlantic, but for all other classes the South Atlantic shows the higher proportion — a natural result of the fact that negro farmers are more numerous in that division in proportion to the white. The position of the negro farmer will be better under- stood if we separate the farms according to size. * The following table shows the percentage of the farms of specified area cultivated by negroes: Table XXXIV. — Per cent which the farms operated by negroes form of the total number in each group of farms classified by area: 1900. PER CENT OPERATED BY NEQEOES. CLASS OF FARMS. Conti- nental United States. North Atlantic division. South Atlantic division. North Central division. South Central division. Western division. All farms 13.0 0.3 29.9 0.6 26.8 0.2 Under 3 acres 3 and under 10 10 and under 20 20 and under 50 50 and under 100... 100 and under 175.. 175 and under 260 . . 260 and under 500 . . 600 and under 1,000. 1,000 and over 10.6 22.4 29.4 27.3 9.8 4.7 3.4 2.3 2.0 1.1 0.6 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 46.0 60.2 46.6 45.6 25.0 16.8 11.1 7.7 6.1 3.9 1.3 2.0 2.1 1.3 0.4 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 20.2 37.8 44.6 43.6 21.0 10.7 7.7 5.8 3.6 1.4 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 Comparing the above percentages for the United States as a whole we may make three classes of farms: Of the large farms, containing 100 acres and above, the negro cultivates only a small proportion — from 1 to 5 per cent. Of the small market gardens and other farms under 3 acres, and of the middle-sized farms of from 50 to 100 acres, he cultivates about 10 per cent, which is less than his proper proportion. On the other hand, he cultivates a relatively large proportion — between 22 and 30 per cent — of the farms from 3 to 50 acres in extent. In the South Atlantic states the negro cultivates nearly one-half of all farms under 50 acres; one-fourth of those from 50 to 100 acres, and a diminishing pro- portion of the farms above that size. The negro farm- ers constitute 30 per cent of all farmers in this division, and therefore have more than their proportion of the farms under 50 acres, but less than their proportion of the farms over 50 acres. In the South Central states a little more than one- fourth of all farms are in the hands of negroes. The proportion is smaller — about one-fifth — for the garden- farm class, under 3 acres, and for the two-mule farms of 50 to 100 acres; but it is very much larger for farms between 3 and 60 acres. As in the South Atlantic divi- sion, the percentages diminish rapidly as the sizes of farms increase above 50 acres. For each class of farms the per cent cultivated by negroes is higher in the South Atlantic states than in the South Central; but the difference is most marked for farms under 3 acres, of which the per cent cultivated 92 NEGROES IN THE UNITED STATES. by negroes is 46 in the former division and only 20.2 in the latter. Another comparison may be made by ascertaining what proportion of the farms in each class as deter- mined by the principal source of income are cultivated by negroes. The following table gives the percentages: Table XXXV. — Per cent which the farms operated by negroes form of the total number in each group of farms classified by principal source of income: 1900. PIB CENT OPERATED BT NEGROES. CLASS OF FAKMS. Conti- nental United States. North Atlantic division. South Atlantic division. North Central division. South Central division. Western division. 13.0 0.3 29.9 0.6 26.8 0.2 Fanns reporting as prin- cipal source of income— Cotton 49.1 37.3 18.3 14.8 10.0 8.8 3.9 2.7 2.0 1.4 0.4 0.4 49.9 74.6 30.5 18.7 31.7 22.6 17.5 11.5 9.6 8.1 1.6 0.6 5.6 48.9 14.1 11.3 22.0 22.8 0.1 9.3 7.0 5.0 10.3 0.7 0.7 Rice Tobacco 0.2 1.2 1.3 1.3 0.9 0.6 1.2 0.4 0.3 Sugar 0.7 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.1 0.3 0.6 0.3 0.1 0.1 Miscellaneous prod- ucts Hay and grain 0.2 0.2 6 Dairy produce Flowers and plants . Nursery products . . . 4 From this table it appears that the negro cultivates one-half of all the cotton farms, more than one-third of all the rice farms, rather less than one-fifth — or, to be more exact, two-elevenths — of the tobacco farms, and one-seventh of the sugar farms. Of all these farms he cultivates more than his due proportion, the negroes constituting, it will be remembered, hardly more than one-eighth of all the farmers in the United States. He also cultivates a considerable proportion of the miscel- laneous and vegetable farms. In none of the remaining classes does his proportion come up to 4 per cent of the totals for the United States; but in the Southern states farms operated by negroes comprise a considerable percentage also of the hay and grain, fruit, live stock, and dairy farms. In the North Atlantic states the farms of negroes in no instance form 1 per cent of all farms for any principal crop. They form the largest proportion in vegetable (0.7 per cent) and nursery farms (0.6 per cent). In the North Central states, 5.6 per cent of the few cotton farms were cultivated by negroes, and a little over 1 per cent of the vegetable (1.3 per cent), fruit (1.2 per cent), tobacco (1.2 per cent), and sugar farms (1.3 per cent). In the Western states the highest per cent, 0.6, is that shown for farms reporting flowers and plants as the principal source of income. If we consider the farms of the country with refer- ence to income, classifying them according to the value of products not fed to live stock, we find, as would be expected, that the negroes hold a very small propor- tiou of the farms which yield the larger incomes, and a rather large proportion of the less valuable farms. The percentages are as shown in the following table: Table XXXVI. — Per cent which the farms operated by negroes form of the total number in each group of farms classified by gross income, or value of products not fed to live stock: 1900. PEB CENT OPERATED BY NEGROES. CT,A.SH OF FAKMS. Conti- nental United States. North Atlantic division. South Atlantic division. North Central division. South Central division. Western division. 13.0 0.3 29. 9 _ 0.6 26.8 2 Farms reporting a gross income of-^ SO 19.4 30.3 23.9 19.9 15.9 6.9 1.7 0.5 0.5 0.7 0.8 0.5 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 38.3 65.3 45.8 34.8 28.4 16.9 6.5 2.1 1.0 2.4 2.1 1.3 0.6 0.3 0.1 0.1 35.9 37. 30.8 29.8 28.9 20.9 10.3 8.3 0.2 $1 and under $50 J60 and under 8100 glOO and under «250 $250 and under $500 $500 and under $1,000 . . . $1,000 and under $2,600.. 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 1 Less than one-tenth of 1 per cent. It appears that negroes hold one-fifth of the farms reporting no income, somewhat less than one-third of those reporting an income under $50, almost one-fourth of those reporting from $50 to $100, and one-fifth of those reporting from $100 to $250. The proportion for farms returned as having no income is unduly large because, as explained in the census report on agri- culture, "some enumerators found great difficulty in securing what they deemed accurate crop reports from the negro tenants on large plantations. They obtained the names of the tenants and the number of acres oper- ated by each, and then secured from the owner a sta.te- ment of the aggregate crops raised by the several tenants, reporting all upon the schedule of the owner. They did not attempt to distribute the crops among the tenants, hence the schedules for the farms of these tenants show no crops and their farms appear in this report as farms without income." Proportion of farm animals and . crops on farms operated ly negroes.— The proportion of the total num- ber of farm animals found on farms of negroes is shown in the following table: Table XXXVII. — Per cent which the number of specified domestic animals reported on farms operated by negroes forms of the total number reported on all farms. KIND OF DOMESTIC ANI- MALS. Neat cattle 2 2 Dairy cows 3 2 All other neat cattle. Horsea 1.9 3 2 Mules Asses and burros Sheep and lambs Swine 1.6 0.2 4 7 Goats 3.4 PEE CENT ON FARMS OPERATED BY NEGROES. Conti- nental United States. North Atlantic division. South Atlantic division. 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 North Central division. 9.7 12.1 7.1 9.1 12.7 26.2 8.0 0.9 16.5 10.5 South Central division. 0,1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.8 0.5 0.1 0.2 0.6 5.4 12.6 2.1 4.9 11.8 19.6 2.8 1.1 15.0 4.3 Western division. ( 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 ' Less than one-terth of 1 per cent. COMPARISON OF WHITE AND COLORED FARMERS. 93 The highest percentages in this table are those for the mule. Of the total number of farm mules in the United States about one-sixth, or more accurately two-thirteenths, are found on farms of negroes; in the South Atlantic states the proportion is one-fourth and in the South Central one-fifth. The table indicates that the pig, the dairy cow, and the horse are the ani- mals ranking next to the mule in the extent to which they are found on farms of negroes. A comparison with the percentages given in Table xxxii, shows that in neither Southern division is the negro's propor- tion of the total number of any kind of domestic animal equal to his proportion of the total number of farms; but compared with his total farm acreage and farm wealth, he has more mules, swine, dairy cows, and horses than the white farmer in the South Central states, and more mules and swine in the South Atlantic. Reference has already been made to the probability that in the census returns many mules and horses used on farms of negro tenants were credited to the farm of the landlord who was the owner of these animals.^ The negro farmers produce almost two-fifths of all the cotton raised in continental United States, more than one-fifth of the sweet potatoes, and about one-tenth of the tobacco and the rice. These are crops which are mainly or entirely confined to the South, -the two South- ern divisions producing all the rice grown in continental United States and all the cotton, with the exception of a comparatively small quantity grown in Missouri and Kansas. Of the sweet potatoes, 87.2 per cent are pro- duced in the Southern divisions, and of the tobacco, 84.2 per cent. Accordingly, for these crops the pro- portion of the total production of continental United States grown on farms operated by negroes corresponds closely to the proportion of the production of the Southern states grown on their farms. Of the other crops the proportion grown by negroes is very small, being less than 1 pef cent for all except corn, for which their proportion is 3.7 per cent. If the comparison be restricted to the Southern states the per- centages are naturally somewhat larger, the negro farm- ers raising 14.7 per cent of all the corn grown in the two Southern divisions and 8.6 per cent of all the potatoes. The following table shows the proportion of the principal crops grown on farms of negroes: Table XXXVIII. — Per cent of the total quantity of the specified crops raised on farms operated by negroes in 1899. Com Wheat Oats Barley Eye Buckwheat . . . Rice Hay» Potatoes. ; Sweet potatoes Cotton Tobacco PER CE^fT OF TOTAL CROP RAISED ON FARMS OPERATED BY NEGROES. Continen- tal United States. 0). 3,7 0.6 0.4 0.2 0.2 9.3 0.5 0.9 21.1 38.9 10.2 South At- lantic and South Cen- tral divi- sions. 14.7 2.9 4.3 1.6 2.4 0.9 9.3 3.7 8.6 24.0 39.0 13.1 South At- lantic divi- sion. 17.0 5.1 9.5 1.3 2.8 0.9 22.5 5.1 9.0 23.3 38.6 20.4 South Cen- tral divi- sion. 13.9 1.8 2.7 1,7 1.6 0.4 4.3 3.1 9,1 24.9 89.2 7.1 1 Less than one-tenth of 1 per cent. 2 Hay and forage exclusive of cornstalks. Comparison of averages for white am,d for negro farmers. — A comparison between the negro and white farmer may be presented by means of averages. The following table gives the average size and value of farms and the average value of products and of expendi- tures for labor and fertilizers: Table XXXIX.— AVEEAGE ACREAGE PER FARM FOR FARMS OF WHITE AND OF NEGRO FARMERS, AVERAGE VALUE OF FARM PROPERTY AND FARM PRODUCTS, AND AVERAGE EXPENDITURES FOR LABOR AND FER- TILIZERS: 1900. CONTINENTAL UNITED STATES. NORTH ATLANTIC DIVISION. SOUTH ATLANTIC DIVISION. NORTH CENTRAL DIVISION. SOUTH CENTRAL DIVISION. WESTERN DIVISION. AVERAQE. Farms of white farmers. Farms of negro farmers. Farms of white farmers. Farms of negro farmers. Farms of white farmers. Farms of negro farmers. Farms of white farmers. Farms of negro farmers. Farms of white farmers. Farms of negro farmers. Farms of white farmers. Farms of negro fanners. Average number of acres per farm: Total acreace . 160.3 78.5 84,016 2,567 701 149 599 900 709 4.41 71 10 51.2 31.3 8669 434 96 25 114 342 308 6.01 12 8 96.7 57.5 84,361 2,221 1,440 226 474 985 731 7.56 105 23 47.9 31.3 82, 712 1,513 832 117 250 512 388 8.10 49 16 131.7 55.3 81,917 1,178 416 70 253 561 481 3.66 13 16 54.1 30.8 $566 369 93 20 84 304 275 5.08 37 5 144.6 101.7 85,263 3,598 777 167 721 1,080 820 5.67 66 3 64.2 46.2 82,008 -1,463 239 59 247 444 346 5.39 20 1 194.6 54,5 82,065 1,208 305 95 457 599 510 2,62 37. 5 48.9 31.2 8690 443 91 27 129 364 328 6.71 11 2 395.8 114.5 87,221 4,746 708 222 1,545 1,415 1,214 3.06 236 4 225.5 61.9 Averagevalue of farm property per farm : Total 83,177 Land and improvements (except bulldlne's^ 2,133 Buildings 329 107 Live stock 648 Average value of products per farm: 614 Produete not fed to live stock . .' Average value per acre of products not 509 2.26 Average expenditures per farm: 88 4 For all values in the above table, except the value per acre of products not fed to live stock, the contrast between the two races is much more marked in the ' See page 73. 4973— Bull. 8—07 7 Unitefl States, as a whole, than it is in the two Southern divisions, simply because the inclusion of the Northern and Western divisions increases very materially — in many cases more than doubling — the averages for white 94 NEGROES IN THE UNITED STATES. farmers, without greatly affecting those for negro farmers, comparatively few of whom are found in those divisions. For each race the average values are in most instances somewhat#higher in the South Central division than in the South Atlantic. Buildings form an excep- tion to this statement, their average value being con- siderably lower in the South Central than in the South Atlantic for white farmers, and slightly lower for negro farmers. This may be due in some measure to climatic differences between the two sections. The negro is preeminently the small farmer, cul- tivating 50 acres while the white farmer has 160. The contrast is greatest in the South Central states, where the inclusion of the large cattle ranches in the state of Texas increases the average acreage for white farmers without perceptibly affecting that for negroes. In some of the Northern and Western states the con- trast in size between farms of negroes and of whites is not very great; and in a few instances — Vermont, the two Dakotas, and New Mexico — the negro operates a larger average acreage than the white man.^ But there are only a handful of negro farmers in any of these states. In most of the Southern states the farms of negroes have a much larger proportion of improved acreage than those of the whites, and accordingly the difference between the two races, indicated by the averages in Table xxxix, is less marked for the improved than for the total acreage. This perhaps is a natural result of the fact that the negro farms are small and that three- fourths of them are rented farms, while the proportion of rented farms for white farmers is less than one-third. The difference in the per cent of improved acreage is shown for the main geographic divisions and the South- ern states in the following table: Table XL. — Per cent of improved acreage in farms of white and of negro farm^s: 1900. DIVISION AND STATE OK TERRITORY. Continental United States South Atlantic division Delaware Maryland District of Columbia Viiginia West Virginia North Carolina South Carolina Georgia Florida South Central division Kentucky Tennessee ■ Alabama Mississippi Louisiana Arkansas Indian Territory Oklahoma Texas North A tlantio division North Central division Western division >See Table 78, Farms of white farmers. 62.2 49.0 ■ 35.0 81.2 35.5 38.9 41.8 86.2 14.1 59.5 70.3 28.9 Farms of negro farmers. 42.0 57.0 71.0 66.8 68.3 68.8 69. 7 76.3 50.7 50.5 61.6 56.6 84.7 49.7 34.4 60.0 84.9 60.7 29.9 '68.6 28.0 63.8 76.3 66.9 64.9 63.6 67.1 69.7 49.0 40.8 63.3 65.3 71.9 27.4 In the average value of farms, as shown in Table XXXIX, the contrast between the two races "is more marked than in the average acreage, the white man's farm being six times as valuable as the negro's in the United States as a whole, and seldom less than twice as valuable in any individual state. In this comparison the negro farmer makes a nearer approach to equality with the white farmer in the North and West than in the South, the value of the white man's farm being about three and one-half times that of the negro's in the South Atlantic division, three times in the South Central, two and one- half times in the North Central, two and one-third times in the Western, and one and three-fifth times in the North Atlantic. But measured by the value of products the difference between the negro's farm and the white man's is less marked in the South than in the North, the average value per farm of products not fed to live stock being rather more than one and one-half times as great for white as for negro farmers in each of the two Southern divisions, but almost twice as great in the North Atlantic division and more than twice as great in . the North Central and in the Western divisions. The only item in Table xxxix which shows a higher average for negroes than for whites is the value per acre of products not fed to live stock. This exception is doubtless due in large measure to the fact that negroes have, as we have seen, much smaller farms with higher percentages of improved acreage. But even if the average be computed on the basis of the improved acreage alone, it is still somewhat larger for the negro than for the white farmer, notwithstanding the fact that this computation gives the white farmer the advantage resulting from crediting the improved acreage with the products of the unimproved. He gains more by this than the negro does, because his unimproved acreage is relatively greater. The results of the two computa- tions are presented in the following table: Table XXI.— Average value per acre of products not fed to live stock on farms operated by white and by negro farmers: 1900. AVEKAGB FOE TOTAL ACREAGE. AVERAGE FOR IM- PROVED ACREAGE. DIVISION. Farms of white farmers. Farms of negro farmers. Farms of white farmers. Farms of negro farmers. South Atlantic $3.66 2.62 S6.08 6.71 88.71 9.36 88.91 10.62 SouthCentral Ratioofvalueof products to value of farm property. — In proportion to their size, then, the farms of negroes are more productive tlian those of white men. They are also more productive in proportion to tLeir value, as is shown by the following table giving for white and for negro farmers the percentage which the value of products not fed to live stock forms of the total value of farm property: THE FARMING BLACK BELT. 95 Table XLII. — Per cent which the value of products not fed to live stock forms of the total value of farm property on farms of white and of negro farmers in each geographic division: 1900.' DIVISION. Farms of white farmers. Farms of negro farmers. 17.7 46.0 North Atlantic 16.8 26.1 15.6 24.7 16.8 14.8 48.6 North Central 17.2 South Central 47.5 16. S The total value of products raised on farms of negroes in continental United States is equivalent to 46 per cent of the total value of the farm property; the correspond- ing per cent for white farmers is 11.7. If we restrict the comparison to the Southern divisions the difference is not so marked; for negro farmers the value of products not fed to live stock approaches one- half the value of their farm property, while for white farmers it is only about one-fourth. The following table presents the percentages for each of the Southern states : Table XLIII. — Per cent which the value of products not fed to live stock forms of the total value of farm property on farms of white and of negro farmers in each Southern slate: 1900. DIVISION AND STATE OB TEBMTOKY. Farms of white farm- ers. Farms of negro farm- ers. DIVISION AND STATE OE TEREITOBY. Farms of white farm- ers. Farms of negro farm- ers. South Atlantic division 26.1 48.6 South Central division Eastern South Cen- tral 24.7 47.5 Northern South Atr 19.1 30.2 26.8 Kentucky Tennessee 18.1 17.0 7.4 21.7 17.9 33.5 19.6 19.9 6.7 35.0 20.1 63.6 21.6 24.8 41.0 36.7 23.2 27.7 86.2 District of Colum- bia 57.4 Mississippi Western South Cen- tral. 54.9 Virginia West Virginia 43 2 Southern South A^ lantic Louisiana' 29.2 • 34.0 25.8 20.3 20.7 50.6 46.9 28.8 20.9 38.3 North Carolina South Carolina 32.0 34.6 36.2 27.4 47.1 66.0 55.8 49.3 Indian Territory . Oklahoma It will ,be found that the contrast between the two percentages is greatest in the states having a large negro population. They are most of them cotton growing states, in which the great majority of negro farmers are , tenants, cultivating land owned by white landlords. These percentages, however, are not to be accepted as a criterion of the relative profitableness of farming as carried on by the two races. It is true that the average values' of products per acre presented in Table xxxix indicate that a given area of agricultural land located in the black belt of the South and farmed by negro tenants jdelds a greater value than an equal area culti- vated by white farmers outside the black belt. This larger return to the negro farmer does not necessarily prove that he is a superior farmer to the white culti- vator, any more than the larger return of the negro tenant is evidence of his greater prosperity as compared with the negro owner. It shows rather different con- ditions of farming. First there come considerations as to the form in which the farmer gets his returns; some get it in marketable products, others in live stock, others in improved homes and social advantages. The white farmer gets fewer products, but more live stock, a better house and a more advantageously situated home; the negro farmer must raise goods easily sold, so as to turn over his small capital quickly. For these returns the white farmer invests principally his cash capital, land, and experience; the negro invests his labor, skill, and his capital as represented in his mule and seed. Thus each is investing his resources for such returns as they will bring and such as he values. FAHM OWNERSHIP AND THE FARMING BLACK BELT. In another portion of this bulletin what is commonly termed the black belt has been described in the text and its- geographic position defined and illustrated by means of maps. In this connection it will be appropriate to consider what may be termed the farming black belt, consisting of those county areas in which negro farmers constitute one-half or more than one-half of all farmers. This will differ from the population black belt princi- pally in leaving out of account the influence of the urban population. Map 9 shows the farming black belt. With a view to determining what influence, if any, the massing of negroes may have upon the. form of farm tenure, two other maps have been prepared, Map 10 showing, for the Southern states exclusive of Okla- homa and Indian Territory, those counties in which the farms owned by negroes form 60 per cent or more of all farms operated by negroes, and Map 11 showing for the same states those counties having 300 or more farms owned by negroes. Considering these maps together, it will be noticed that the largest proportion of ownership is often outside the black belt while the larger number of owners is usually in that region. In Alabama, e. g., the farming black belt extends across the south central half of the state; here the proportion of negro to all farmers rises to 75 per cent or more in eleven counties. Here the relative number of owners among the black farmers is usually smaller than elsewhere in the state. The absolute number of negro owners is, however, larg- est in this belt, so that if we mark the counties with 300 or more negro owners we find that these counties are nearly all in the farming black belt. Mere numbers, of course, will not explain land ownership or the lack of it. In many counties where the proportion of ownership among negro farmers is large, the figures are of little significance as the number of negroes in those counties is very small. The real question is, what are the sur- rounding infiuences of the black farmer. In six of the black belt counties where the negro population is densest the illiteracy of the adult males reaches 66 per cent or 96 NEGROES IN THE UNITED STATES. Map 9.— southern COUNTIES IN WHICH THE FARMS OPERATED BY NE(3EOE8 IN 1900 CONSTITUTED AT LEAST 50 PER CENT OF ALL FARMS. Map 10.— SOUTHERN COUNTIES IN WHICH FARMS OWNED AND OPERATED BY NEGROES IN 1900 CONSTITUTED AT LEAST 50 PER CENT OF ALL FARMS OPERATED BY NEGROES. -V. ..J r-J ■"*••—. i S I i i \ \ \ \ V f N ".}} 11 64 1 1 3 2 19 28 24 16 65 39 343 2 6 12 10 42 8 30 32 17 111 229 83 168 200 4,874 71 42 70 83 1,618 21 9 23 23 262 137 South Carolina 32 18 2 236 65 Florida 94 North Central division 2,994 Eastern North Central 255,526 4,566 618 40 12 203 255 27 81 3,948 1,277 191 2,480 Ohio 96,418 57,441 84,468 14,713 2,486 237,497 1,996 210 1,660 685 115 1,123 119 48 368 60 23 197 7 5 19 9 3 17 3 177 5 1 33 64 30 117 32 12 88 8 1 14 3 1 15 20 9 36 11 5 30 1,877 162 1,192 625 92 926 331 60 527 298 61 341 63 12 76 44 6 71 1,493 90 Illinois 5 589 283 Wisconsin 4 7 25 Western North Central — 24 514 4,877 12,654 161,081 279 451 6,216 51,939 4,191,884 205 115 478 12 17 106 190 1,487 81 20 96 3 2 23 22 320 1 1 18 1 2 1 1 6 5 17 16 10 37 1 1 9 5 •2 14 2 1 2 4 69 174 95 382 9 15 83 168 1,167 99 25 121 7 6 29 56 387 14 8 22 61 62 239 • 2 South Dakota - ... 1 14 10 184 2 8 17 112 8 Nebraska 1 2 27 2 1 11 i 4 14 3 1 26 46 96 South Central division 668 Eastern South Central 2,499,374 655 136 15 6 4 76 7 29 519 168 51 300 284,634 480,151 827, 112 907,477 1,692,510 162 203 142 148 832 27 .37 33 39 184 2 1 4 8 12 1 1 1 3 5 1 2 17 22 19 17 109 1 4 1 1 18 5 7 8 9 30 135 166 109 109 648 38 62 42 26 219 12 20 11 8 61 85 84 66 1 10 75 Western South Central .... 368 650,314 366,802 36,833 18, 810 619,751 29,452 262 167 48 28 337 1,039. 59 33 6 5 82 272 6 2 1 2 5 38 14 3 3 61 177 2 1 1 2 12 13 10 11 1 203 124 43 23 266 767 77 39 13 7 83 313 18 12 6 2 23 67 108 73 Indian Territory 24 14 4 27 4 3 3 7 8 45 149 Western division 387 Rocky Mountain 12,822 322 74 7 2 4 52 1 8 248 88 19 141 1,503 284 931 8,616 1,688 2,561 84 14 19 172 33 123 12 2 1 54 5 44 2 1 1 7 1 2 72 12 18 118 28 79 31 2 10 36 10 21 4 37 10 i 3 2 13 6 3 1. 4 1 41 3 33 1 5 1 4 70 18 Basin and Plateau 1 1 1 8 50 1,764 658 129 14,079 100 15 8 594 39 4 1 164 4 1 1 31 1 1 92 1 1 3 61 11 7 440 14 3 4 204 6 2 41 6 3 Pacific 16 2 11 33 40 196 2,406 1,061 10,612 163 178 6,297 106 78 410 25 9 410 26 18 110 8 3 82 4 1 11 2 12 12 68 8 1 46 8 4 21 80 60 30O 17 6 328 26 36 143 1 6 92 10 7 23 2 44 1 10 18 134 14 Alaska 2 19 2 1 2 12 35 201 1 Se« explanatory notes on page 99. 116 NEGROES IN THE UNITED STATES. Table 8.— NATIVE NEGEO POPULATION, DISTRIBUTED ACCORDING TO STATE OR TERRITORY OF BIRTH, BY STATES AND TERRITORIES ARRANGED GEOGRAPHICALLY: 1900— Continued. STATE OR TEBBITORY. United Statesi Continental United States i . Nortli Atlantic division . . . New England Maine Now Hampshire. Vermont Massachusetts Rhode Island Connecticut Southern North Atlantic. New York New Jersey Pennsylvania . South Atlantic division Northern South Atlantic . Delaware Maryland District of Columbia. Virginia West Virginia Southern South Atlantic . North Carolina . South Carolina . Georgia Florida North Central division . . Eastern North Central. Ohio Indiana . . . Illinois . . . . Michigan.. Wisconsin . Western North Central... Minnesota Iowa Missouri North Dakota . South Dakota . Nebraska South Central division . . Eastern South Central. Kentucky . Tennessee . . Alabama . . . Mississippi., Western South Central... Louisiana Arkansas Indian Territory Oklahoma Texas Western division . . . Eoeky Mountain . Montana . Idaho .... Wyoming Colorado New Mexico. Basin and Plateau. Arizona . Utah .... Nevada. . Pacific. Washington . Oregon California . . . Alaska Hawaii Military and naval i. STATE OR TERRITORY OF BIRTH, ARRANGED GE08EAPHICALLY— Continued. South Atlantic division. Total. 4,128,782 4,126,476 166,866 21, 408 181 277 169 12,628 3,343 4,910 146,448 41,028 28,882 76,538 S, 677, 640 1,042,203 29,365 231,876 83,567 666,361 41,044 2,636,437 621, 769 780,971 1,018,639 214, 068 44,793 30,773 16,861 3,908 8,216 1,610 279 14,020 1,938 7,333 64 60 600 3,383 230,264 134,800 6,767 28,932 55,609 44,492 96,464 22,481 38,092 1,909 1,699 31,283 6,923 2,036 45 168 1,146 730 540 170 20 3,167 215 2,249 66 8 3,232 Northern South Atlantic. 1,253,"993 1,252,608 135,369 14, 495 110 143 117 7,969 2,709 3,447 120, 864 29, 167 23,484 68,213 1, 026, 632 1,006,870 29,202 229, 642 80, 460 628,530 39,046 19, 762 8,763 1,458 6,949 2,692 29,782 20, 630 13,297 1,452 4,672 1,049 160 9,152 407 1,684 4,991 61 28 344 1,747 57,815 34,062 8,604 9,626 12, ($3 23,763 9,432 5,096 658 476 8,102 2,920 1,158 120 594 226 286 110 16 425 106 820 Delaware. 33,060 236 1 132 36 335 2,132 5,944 24,068 24, 035 23,274 647 46 64 5 80 193 149 3 7 7 132 44 2 75 24 1 8 27 222 5 47 2 21 20 164 4 Maryland. 266,941 266, 637 26, 844 2,135 22 17 17 987 740 352 24,709 2,864 4,4£i0 17,416 232,194 231, 340 4,714 208, 672 16,768 1,673 513 864 192 79 360 223 732 97 139 16 766 77 46 421 4 12 55 162 4,626 139 264 570 862 2,790 1,475 456 40 44 775 632 67 4 12 96 34 107 2 298 District of Columbia. 45,940 45, 704 6,403 987 11 5 570 189 203 4,416 2,067 38,804 38, 616 45 1,320 36,340 746 164 189 14 86 .66 787 231 40 34 466 222 40 4 6 100 104 19 8 77 5 '23i' Virginia, 878, 104 91, 958 11,006 78 114 93 6,213 1,729 2,778 80,963 24,118 15,965 40, 870 708, 664 690, 065 1,147 18, 391 28,029 626, 644 16, 944 18, 699 8,499 1,355 6,466 2,275 23,465 15,674 1,232 3,473 757 129 7,881 277 1,479 4,391 41 14 238 1,441 62,070 31,573 3,614 8,152 8,926 10,881 20,497 7,797 4,637 586 419 7,158 1,967 802 106 16 96 428 158 233 168 331 73 628 15 3 West Virginia. 29,053 29,013 2,507 1 1 1 67 16 46 2,375 149 1,917 22,825 22 612 268 603 21,420 87 2,692 2,333 77 190 87 5 306 11 60 107 2 2 18 116 461 273 108 37 49 79 188 60 64 27 6 61 135 68 66 Southern South , Atlantic. ' See explanatory notes on page i 2, 874, 789 2,872,968 6,913 71 134 52 4,659 634 1,463 24,584 11,861 5,398 7,325 2, 661, 008 86, 333 163 2,234 3,107 27, 831 1,998 2, 616, 676 612, 996 779, 513 1,011,690 211, 476 16,011 10,143 3,664 2,456 3,543 461 119 235 354 2,342 13 32 256 1,636 172, 449 100, 748 1,878 20,428 45,983 32,459 71, 701 13,049 32,997 1,251 1,223 23,181 3,003 878 118 17 48 552 143 319 264 60 5 1,806 268 109 1,429 41 2 1,778 North Carolina. 733, 825 733,359 37 62 18 2,897 341 1,025 15,701 South Carolina. 881,883 881, 495 Georgia. 1,090,336 1, 089, 474 5,798 1,269 6,587 3,908 5,206 660,188 32,031 86 1,657 1,923 26,597 1,768 628,167 596, 891 6,966 15,489 8,812 7,042 5,420 2,189 1,817 1,073 308 33 62 184 708 6 5 90 618 45,028 24,191 5,982 6,151 11,262 20,837 3,927 10, 184 295 404 6,027 66 19 2 752 108 28 621 17 1 448 20 46 17 742 161 273 4,539 2,724 806 1,009 834, 999 1,741 58 273 615 672 123 833,258 16,115 767, 598 32,640 17,905 2,366 437 185 649 64 10 1,031 40 64 481 2 4 51 37,768 18,339 280 2,987 7,321 7,751 19,429 333 67 33 233 11 1 876 15 16 764 1,926 490 926 992,860 18 248 488 469 991,542 4,664 968, 246 27, 744 5,135 3,1 847 421 1,674 82 2,042 114 146 1,061 6 22 95 85,822 56,074 726 11,260 31, 106 12,993 29,748 5,445 11,496 589 483 11,736 1,321 m 34 4 20 353 73 167 137 27 670 83 45 542 7 "855 GENERAL TABLES. 117 Table 8.— NATIVE NEGRO POPULATION, DISTRIBUTED ACCORDING TO STATE OR TERRITORY OF BIRTH, BY STATES AND TERRITORIES ARRANGED GEOGRAPHICALLY: 1900— Continued. STATE OR TEEEITOKY OF BIRTH, ARRANGED GEOGRAPHICALLY- -continued. BTATK OR TEBMTOBY. North Central division. Total. Eastern North Central. Ohio. Indi- ana. Illi- nois. Michi- gan. Wiscon- sin. Western North Central. Minne- sota. Iowa. Mis- souri. North Da- kota. South Da- kota. Ne- braska. Kan- sas. United States ^ 350,741 154,661 70,326 32,493 38,840 10,977 2,025 196,080 1,666 6,848 155,252 143 191 2,134 29,846 Continental United States i . . . . 350,012 164,222 70,081 32,411 38,761 10,951 2,018 195,790 1,665 6,836 165,029 143 191 2,129 29,797 North Atlantic division 4,187 3,536 2,484 247 466 298 52 651 46 92 380 7 5 29 92 New England .... 458 344 174 29 77 62 12 114 9 16 65 3 4 18 3 10 8 314 57 66 3,729 2 6 6 237 43 51 3,192 2 1 4 3 77 14 15 637 1 2 8 115 24 30 2,310 i' 19 2 7 218 3 1 49 15 9 378 1 3 2 42 12 6 315 1 1 48 1 2 246 6 1 3 40 8 1 37 12 1 1 77 2 2 11 7 1 2 1 25 6 Southern North Atlantic . . 74 New York 1,055 344 2,330 2,416 834 265 2,103 1,947 470 144 1,696 1,479 66 18 134 140 146 65 167 211 134 23 89 96 18 6 17 21 221 89 227 469 15 9 13 26 28 6 44 51 131 57 127 298 3 3 1 6 i" 1 9 9 14 13 35 12 Pennsylvania 27 South Atlantic division 67 Northern South Atlantic . . 1,766 1,519 1,224 76 139 68 12 246 12 38 153 5 2 6 30 80 197 453 270 815 651 26 148 346 218 782 428 9 100 207 166 742 265 2 10 34 16 16 64 9 29 67 23 11 72 3 8 32 11 14 28 2 1 6 3 5 49 107 52 33 223 §' 3 2 4 14 1 2 20 10 5 13 3 36 62 34 18 145 1 3 1 Maryland 1 1 4' 2 4 District of Columbia 16 4 6 Southern South Atlantic . . 9 7 7 37 * North Carolina 106 58 255 232 317,940 77 36 173 142 140,291 54 29 96 76 63,119 9 1 31 23 29,971 4 2 30 36 35,226 7 2 15 4 10, 177 3 2 1 3 1,799 29 22 82 90 177, 649 2 2 6 4 1,379 5 3 4 1 6,266 16 10 60 59 142,033 92 3 2 1 1 152 2 1 2 2 1,885 1 4 9 23 iTorth Central division 25,842 Eastern North Central 144,340 133,617 61,618 29,103 31,555 9,882 1,459 10,723 151 703 9,057 12 18 126 666 Ohio 58,759 29,113 44,797 10,116 1,556 173,600 58,301 28,620 35,345 9,972 1,379 6,674 56,232 1,856 2,284 1,143 103 1,601 1,096 25,304 1,968 689 66 868 268 942 30,022 178 145 3,670 673 499 712 7,915 83 295 32 19 369 47 992 340 458 493 9,452 143 177 166,926 1,812 7,763 123,574 112 207 3,749 29,709 12,349 24 11 75 13 28 1,228 46 35 580 10 32 6,663 307 367 8,185 98 100 132,976 4 ¥ i' 80 2 3 12 1 134 7 16 96 4 3 1,769 68 61 Illinois 497 17 Wisconsin 13 ■Western North Central — 26,186 2,552 8,670 126,935 146 247 4,168 30,882 19,138 740 907 3,361 34 40 419 1,173 6,789 221 151 617 15 17 100 380 2,334 92 127 324 6 2 80 237 1,808 199 556 2,269 7 14 200 436 2,327 62 27 88 3 2 19 94 237 166 46 73 3 6 20 27 83 1,096 26 48 12 14 22 11 145 186 4,611 319 2 17 302 126 198 442 2,866 120,526 20 43 1,451 7,638 9,237 8 2' 69 i' 13 4 s 12 5 2 104 6 1 5 17 88 123 1 13 1,422 95 96 59 Iowa 171 2,551 6 South Dakota 16 Nebraska 546 21,837 South Central division 2,655 Eastern South Central — 7,286 4,269 1,456 1,354 1,330 91 28 3,027 76 70 2,666 1 23 191 3,051 1,969 515 1,751 11,862 2,367 1,009 290 593 2,530 770 324 131 231 878 1,045 176 52 81 454 516 475 92 247 997 29 25 12 26 146 7 9 3 9 55 684 960 225 1,158 9,322 11 22 8 35 69 17 18 8 27 128 606 841 180 1,039 6,571 9 7 3 4 73 41 72 26 Mississippi 1 12 6 52 ■Western South Central . . . . 2,464 1,505 2,707 1,434 2,662 3,544 6,331 519 842 195 240 734 1,669 238 224 59 70 287 665 76 130 71 54 123 245 156 437 58 95 251 543 39 36 3 17 61 143 10 16 4 4 22 63 986 1,865 1,239 2,422 2,810 4,672 26 24 i' 18 69 18 44 21 17 28 229 901 1,675 599 854 2,542 3,081 2 4 1 1 4 26 i' 1 1 2 20 7 14 3 34 15 106 32 103 Indian Territory Oklahoma 614 1,514 201 Western division 1,141 Rocky Mountain 3,904 844 356 126 271 56 36 8,060 41 133 1,948 22 16 66 834 463 86 361 2,736 258 354 115 28 108 517 76 119 48 7 67 196 38 64 13 7 5 92 9 23 38 9 31 172 21 27 6 3 3 39 4 14 10 2 2 18 4 1 348 68 253 2,219 182 235 23 3 2 10 3 2 17 2 23 85 6 20 201 42 167 1,416 122 126 22 12 1 1 2 4 2 17 39 4 17 69 Idaho 8 Wvomine 43 Colorado 47 Npw Mexico 2 Basin and Plateau 69 218 114 22 2,073 78 37 9 696 38 12 4 265 16 7 96 12 12 3 246 6 6 2 74 1 145 77 13 1,377 2 26 15 4 1 76 72 43 10 1,008 1 1 14 3 41 Utah 2 Nevada Pacific 26 4 2 23 238 Washington 643 238 1,292 25 17 687 242 97 357 20 3 416 78 48 129 15 2 228 56 7 34 82' 84 35 126 5 1 73 12 5 57 13 2 11 301 141 936 5 14 271 12 8 6 23 12 41 215 79 714 4 2 217 4 7 3 13 40 39 2 159 Alaska 1 Hawaii 26' 1 ' '' ■ " 37 iSee explan atory no tes on pa ge99. 118 NEGROES IN THE UNITED STATES. Table 8.— NATIVE NEGRO POPULATION, DISTRIBUTED ACCORDING TO STATE OR TERRITORY OF BIRTH, BY STATES AND TERRITORIES ARRANGED GEOGRAPHICALLY: 1900— Continued. STATE OR TEERITOKY OF BIKTH, ABEANGED QEOGBAPHICALLY— Continued. STATE OB TEBBITOEY. South Central division. Total. Eastern South Central. Kentucky. Tennes- see. Alabama. Missis- sippi. Western South Central. Louisiana. Arkansas. Indian Territory Okla- homa. Texas. United States^ 4,092,883 2,626,508 345,643 508,440 873,483 898,942 1,466,375 632,279 267,453 21,426 8,568 641,649 Continental United States ^ . . . . 4,090,982 2,624,893 344, 789 508,067 878, 184 898,853 1,466,089 632,209 267,405 21,417 3,667 541,491 North Atlantic division 5,822 4,693 1,741 1,490 1,021 441 1,129 594 222 25 17 271 871 632 218 160 178 76 289 157 27 2 4 49 31 21 21 552 80 166 4,951 21 20 16 405 54 116 4,061 7 7 3 137 18 46 1,523 5 5 10 103 10 27 1,330 4 6 3 114 19 82 848 5 2 10 1 6 147 26 60 890 8 2 1 1 25 9 11 222 New Hampshire Vermont 4 96 16 38 437 51 7 11 366 24 1 1 1 3" 13 Connecticut 8 195 Southern North Atlantic. 23 New York 1,957 609 2,385 30,259 1,558 436 2,067 28,494 690 176 657 1,678 391 104 835 3,957 828 105 415 20,872 154 51 160 1,987 899 173 318 1,765 5^7 225 61 151 869 59 69 67 349 15 3 6 17 12 1 10 88 89 95 630 New Jersey South Atlantic divieion Northern South Atlantic . . 4,276 3,699 1,200 1,498 571 430 260 87 10 5 215 Delaware 39 423 1,108 1,905 801 25,983 30 301 867 1,752 749 24,795 9 84 204 447 456 478 14 95 258 935 196 2,459 6 64 217 228 66 20,301 1 58 188 142 41 1,657 9 J22 241 153 62 1,188 8 60 99 64 34 699 6 43 101 54 Maryland 17 37 29 4 262 2 3 2 8 7 i' 4 5 District of Columbia Virginia West Virginia Southern South A.tlantic . . 815 North Carolina . 1,075 694 13,597 10,617 118,605 948 610 13,068 10,169 107,040 56 45 217 160 60,003 423 118 1,451 467 30,027 262 315 10,674 9,050 7,188 207 132 726 492 9,822 127 84 529 448 11,666 58 27 226 298 3,697 88 15 164 46 4,111 2 1 South Carolina 42 Georgia 5 3 1 142 Florida 109 3,049 North Central division 666 Eastern North Central — 72,144 68,766 44,750 16,378 3,621 4,017 8,378 1,526 1,115 78 12 648 Ohio 17, 987 23,803 28,761 1,137 456 46,461 17,473 23,530 26,322 1,037 404 38,274 13,970 19,379 10,587 646 168 15,253 2,327 3,459 10,232 236 124 13,649 645 425 2,387 91 73 8,567 531 267 3,116 64 39 6,806 514 273 2,439 100 52 8,187 262 lU 1,078 59 20 2,172 100 81 902 16 17 2,996 39 7 28 3 1 488 6" 6 130 113 Illinois 68 430 23 Western North Central . . . . 14 2,401 Minnesota 1,259 1,752 25,043 46 111 1,254 16,996 3,928,644 1,088 1,572 20,634 39 87 1,005 13,849 2,479r446 492 686 7,860 19 27 531 5,638 279,523 293 434 7,512 11 25 243 5,131 470,832 157 223 1,651 5 25 103 1,403 843,072 146 229 3,611 4 10 128 1,677 886,019 171 180 4,409 7 24 249 8,147 1, 449, 198 87 66 1,214 2 6 106 691 626,554 43 68 2,110 2 6 58 710 262,829 2 9 144 1 2 35 38 35 North Dakota 906 3 13 7 326 20,723 8 84 8,380 70 South Central division 1,336 536,212 Eastern South Central 2,351,339 2,324,737 270,216 434,140 799,921 820, 460 26,602 16,287 8,299 67 23 1,926 Kentucky 274, 773 447,718 769,189 859,659 "1,577,305 274,227 443,047 767,868 839,596 154,709 260,025 6,752 684 2,755 9,307 12,585 405,007 5,498 11, 055 36,692 865 10,863 753,096 36,098 43,151 752 20,425 8,596 790,687 66,559 546 4,671 1,321 20,064 1,422,596 267 764 677 14,579 610,267 147 8,319 290 4,643 254,030 5 16 16 31 20,656 1 13 8 6 8,857 ■ 126 Alabama ._ 659 336 Western South Central 905 534,286 Louisiana 625,030 323,958 33,172 14,301 580,844 7,652 37,054 65,933 4,418 6,047 41,257 5,220 2,153 2,412 514 991 3,237 1,844 2,136 22,101 1,055 2,586 8,814 1,761 9,599 12,258 1,748 906 18,646 1,031 23,166 29,167 1,101 1,564 10,661 584 687,976 268,026 28,754 8,254 689,687 2,482 580,189 13,437 593 584 15,464 505 ■ 2,614 240,265 8,272 1,816 6,568 394 48 801 19,448 241 628 86 6 14 93 3,221 28 18 5,124 Indian Territory 4,008 5,348 Texas 2,892 516,914 1,429 Rocky Mountain 3,792 2,835 1,000 983 570 282 957 174 203 41 10 629 344 64 230 2,643 511 736 248 52 175 2,046 314 490 111 27 67 687 108 242 80 12 47 753 91 126 39 9 81 416 75 87 18 4 30 190 40 35 96 12 55 697 197 246 21 4 13 105 31 48 IS 2 IS 153 22 31 7 1 4 25 4 21 1 7" 2 2 64 Wyoming 5 25 New Mexico 307 188 144 Arizona Utah 514 186 36 3,124 328 139 23 1,895 170 63 9 602 76 47 4 652 59 21 7 374 24 8 8 267 186 47 13 1,229 23 20 5 283 21 8 2 160 15 6 2" 127 Nevada 11 6 24 6 756 Washington Oregon 532 204 2,388 38 13 1,850 412 150 i.ssa- 35 9 1,571 150 45 407 15 8 141 53 458 10 1 58 34 282 9 63 18 186 1 120 54 1,056 8 4 279 40 29 214 1 3 66 12 11 187 2 2 64 14 678 Alaska -. 22 4 Hawaii 2 Military and naval' 831 862 290 88 48" i 8 i" iS6 iSee explanat OTy notes on page 9! . GENERAL TABLES. 119 Table 8.— NATIVK NEGRO POPULATION, DISTRIBUTED ACGORDING TO STATE OR TERRITORY OP BIRTH, BY STATES AND TERRITORIES ARRANGED GEOGRAPHICAXLY: 1900— Continued. STATE OK TEKRITOKY OP BIKTH, AKEANGED GEOGRAPHICALLY— Continued. Born in Alaska. Born in Hawaii. Western dmsion. AH STATE OR TERRITORY. Total. Rocky Moun- tain. Mon- tana. Idaho. Wyo- ming. Colo- rado. New Mex- ico. Basin and Pla- teau. Ari- zona. Utah. Ne- vada. Pa- cific. Wash- ington. Ore- gon. Cali- fornia. 0th- ers.i United States 2.. 9,953 3,399 344 104 177 2,169 605 674 327 265 92 5,880 6,860 939 330 4,611 12 155 27,172 Continental United Statess. . . . 9,923 3,394 344 104 176 2,165 605 669 325 252 92 932 330 4,598 10 28 27,073 North Atlantic division 576 90 22 2 3 54 9 14 2 9 3 472 339 11 122 2 1 3,004 New England 100 23 3 1 15 4 4 4 73 48 . 3 22 1 1 436 Maine 8 2 1 63 17 9 476 8 2 1 46 10 6 399 7 1 '""i' 1 25 6 Vermont 1 14 3 8 100 6 15 6 2 67 1 2 1 11 3 1 39 2 1 1 5 2 1 1 10 2 2 1 1 5 3 31 6 3 291 1 1 8 1 1 299 Khode Island 44 56 Soutliern North Atlantic . . 19 1 3 1 2,568 New York 181 55 240 271 25 11 31 55 5 3 11 8 1 17 6 16 27 2 2 1 9 3 3 4 14 ...... 1 7 2 1 2 6 1 1 1 1 153 41 205 202 165 104 28 159 136 3 2 3 6 46 11 43 60 1 1,037 757 1 4 2 7 774 South Atlantic division 1 1 6; 324 216 40 7 3 5 21 4 11 5 6 120 3 42 1,937 21 92 30 50 23 55 1 10 14 11 4 15 1 6 8 4 2 6 20 75 13 39 18 37 3 3 17 14 250 18 57 1 27 17 16 ...... 1 1 3 2 18 11 11 97 1 2 3 1 1 2 i' 1 1 ""2 1 5 7 3 2 3 5 443 District of Columbia 82 Virffinia 896 1 3 2 . 1 1 419 Southern South Atlantic . . 1 2 18 1 1 4,387 North Carolina 5 8 23 19 772 2 2 6 5 476 1 1 2 1 2 6 7 58 16 2 1 8 7 176 1 1,176 3 2 1 357 1 1 26 5 1 300 1 1,801 1,053 5,221 1 45 45 2 60 North Central division 46 13 26 7 3 Eastern North Central . . . . 291 126 17 7 6 82 14 25 4 15 6 140 42 6 92 2 3,410 51 25 181 22 12 481 20 12 77 10 7 350 1 2 13 2 3 1 1 ...... 2 20 15 4 51 7 5 218 1 3 9 1 46 2 1 20 1 1 21 1 ...... 1 1 12 1 ...... 1 29 12 84 11 4 110 9 2 18 12 67 4 1 84 ~-"-» 764 ^382 Illinois 23 7 3 16 4 10 1 9oo 1 244 1 28 1 88 1 1 67 Western North Central . . . . 9 11 1,811 32 28 192 5 9 40 175 475 20 11 121 5 9 29 155 253 11 2 9 1 2 7 8 89 4 6 19 85 165 2 1 17 1 """"4" 1 1 11 13 64 3 4 3 1 7 9 53 187 151 6 5 1 1,100 6 1 4 21 57 1 6 6 8 5 7 2 25 3 1 10 4 1 11 4 4 18 197 2 4 34 ...... 19 2 13 144 48 14 38 12 313 South Central division 2 1 11,873 Eastern South Central 157 65 7 5 2 48 3 3 1 1 1 89 12 10 67 2 5,135 31 61 34 31 318 16 24 11 14 188 3 2 2 2 11 20 5 12 117 ""2 1 1 1 1 ...... 1 14 36 22 17 108 1 7 2 2 22 7 9 13 26 13 15 77 850 1,268 1,623 3 ...... 3 1 MmcnRRiTtni 2 1,394 6,738 Western South Central . . . . 7 7 54 22 9 10 3 1 51 54 24 29 160 7,829 17 38 15 25 93 2,520 ...... 1 1 2 ...... 1 1 135 13 26 7 11 60 1,619 3 9 6 13 23 470 6 2 2 1 4 1 1 1 1 1 28 14 7 4 55 4,739 8 3 i 10 365 2 1 3 '""z 278 18 10 4 3 42 4,096 985 1,834 Indian Territory 91 6 255 4 41 12 570 8 293 4 200 77 5 1 22 3,582 Western division 651 Eooky Mountain 2,490 2,360 235 31 123 1,567 404 57 7 47 3 73 25 8 40 3 275 Montana Idaho 270 69 147 1,622 382 567 372 157 38 4,772 244 38 132 1,588 358 72 222 3 1 7 2 6 1 30 6 4 97 16 9 1 14 1,521 22 13 6 ""26' 44 334 50 10 19 10 14 4 428 4 ...... ...... 266 3 19 9 14 2 131 3 31 16 12 5 20 20 67 8 8 1 4 4 2 1 1 ...... 4 1 7 3 4 14 12 64 1 6 6 2 195 35 Basin and Plateau 1 2 2 39 49 25 1 88 2 4 5 8 42 8 275 125 28 85 264 2 8 123 3 '"28" 43 48 10 9 4,599 1 1 46 10 8 3,992 20 TTtah 1 1 1 1 10 2 14 1 338 269 5 Pacific 14 9 39 • 16 20 22 5 17 337 426 311 4,035 3 7 20 20 19 49 8 1 5 1 6 2 2 2 6 7 9 23 2 1 13 8 3 74 2 ""26' 3 2 17 2 5 1 37 398 289 3,912 1 7 12 307 17 14 1 36 213 20 55 59 3,878 1 1 3 2 3 4 10 102 10 California 225 4 7 6 124 3 5 1 4 3 2 1 6 95 1 Includes nersons bom in the United States (state or territory not specified), at sea under United States flag, in the Philippine Islands, or in Porto Rico, and Americ an citizens bom abroad. ''See explanatory notes on page 99. 120 NEGROES IN THE UNITED STATES. Table 9.— AGES BY PEEIODS OF YEARS OF THE NEGRO POPULATION CLASSIFIED MALES. STATE OR TEEBITOBY. Under 5 years. 5 to 9 yeara. 10 to 14 years. 15 to 19 years. 20 to 24 years. 25 to 29 years. 80 to 34 years. 35 to 44 years. 45 to 64 years. S6tn64 years. 65 years and over. United States ^ Continental United States' . North Atlantic division . . . New England ^aine New Hampshire . Vermont Massachusetts . - . Khode Island Connecticut Southern North Atlantic . New York New Jersey . . . Pennsylvania . South Atlantic division Northern South Atlantic . Delaware Maryland District of Columbia . Virginia West Virginia Southern South Atlantic . North Carolina . South Carolina. . Georgia Florida , North Central division. . . Eastern North Central. Ohio Indiana . . . Illinois Michigan . Wlsconsf J' Western North Central . Minnesota Iowa Missouri North Dakota . South Dakota . Nebraska Kansas South Central division. . . Eastern South Central . Kentucky Tennessee Alabama Mississippi Western South Central. Louisiana Arkansas Indian Territory. Oklahoma Texas Western division. Rocky Mountain. Montana Idaho Wyoming Colorado New Mexico . Basin and Plateau. Arizona . Utah.... Nevada . Paclflc . Washington. Oregon Calif omia Alaska Hawaii Military and naval ' 604, 602 600, 425 474,195 462,204 362, 063 262, 784 412,925 323,824 183,.309 133, 036 604, 487 16,761 2,651 53 20 36 1,433 396 713 14,110 3,678 3,160 7,272 270,375 66,309 1,777 13, 8B9 3,606 44, 663 2,404 204,066 48,324 62,016 77,859 15,867 21,401 10,806 4,266 2,504 3,305 640 91 10,595 154 479 7,249 10 18 217 2,468 294,913 173,986 15, 802 31,171 59, 634 67,379 120,927 46,312 25,417 2,609 1,213 45,876 1,037 35 291 47 53 19 2 534 19 446 600,410 548, 642 473, 760 360,697 412,461 183,284 133,026 14,868 13,377 15, 711 24, 397 28,661 2,244 2,013 3,207 3,547 2,749 4,285 16,826 3,028 8,268 1,491 4,743 859 49 18 29 1,140 379 12,624 47 25 41 1,017 317 566 11, 364 65 28 50 1,218 333 612 13,405 58 48 51 1,794 to 788 21,069 82 37 45 2,055 506 822 20,850 21 35 1,667 380 607 16,368 45 48 2,460 642 1,002 24,376 97 41 64 1,568 479 13,797 54 28 39 701 247 422 6,777 3,304 2,929 6,391 66,546 3,036 2,570 5,758 239, 175 63,085 4,061 2,868 6,486 68,058 6,425 4,464 10, 180 53,529 4,909 3,120 8,329 99,869 30,218 7,161 4,776 12,449 165,298 65, 576 4,196 2,812 6,790 2,103 1,547 3,127 23,422 1,762 13,626 3,597 46, 323 2,248 196, 875 1,727 13,174 3,419 42, 734 2,031 176,090 1,669 12, 109 3,813 37, 569 2,908 146,841 1,638 12,163 4,581 30,937 4,220 134,325 1,365 9,871 3,946 21,926 3,238 96,782 1,008 7,098 3,049 16,999 2,064 69,661 1,940 13, 869 5,394 31, 677 2,696 109, 722 1,363 9,681 3,887 24,228 1,533 86,595 770 5,626 1,917 14, 332 777 54,566 44,S86 59, 461 76,426 16,004 23,688 11, 420 40, 702 64, 189 67, 966 13, 233 24,376 36, 062 45,230 62, 792 11, 767 26,078 11,682 12,365 29,121 37,996 52,280 14,928 28,464 14,962 19, 953 24,897 39, 788 12,144 26, 786 14,725 13, 748 18, 573 28,582 8,748 22,069 81,147 43, 931 12j675 35,814 19,962 22,696 22,103 32,854 8,042 23,696 18,043 4,471 2,676 3,511 675 12, 268 4,467 2,814 3,657 752 92 12, 693 4,543 2,890 4,018 793 111 12, 723 6,333 3,362 6,326 786 166 13,492 5,053 3,138 5,628 746 160 12, 060 4,155 2,446 4,794 690 122 9,473 7,300 4,045 7,146 1,225 247 16,862 5,060 2,879 4,062 888 174 10,653 3,006 1,679 2,048 668 69 163 654 8,439 13 24 213 2,862 298, 261 143 633 8,686 18 16 228 3,070 270,660 169 641 1,663 14 26 227, 887 282 749 9,272 19 28 416 2,727 216, 234 412 736 8,085 23 36 471 2,297 403 689 6,395 12 18 376 1,680 119,668 600 1,037 10, 713 30 44 694 2,834 179,436 278 704 6,741 20 2,563 155,088 116 390 3,668 8 19 127 1,598 82, 922 175,644 160,494 138,444 129, 141 99, 960 70, 164 105,642 92,465 51,501 16, 676 31,638 69, 669 67,672 122,717 16,540 29, 908 53, 721 60,325 110,166 15, 317 27,652 45,380 60,095 89,443 14,921 24,902 42,373 46,945 87,093 12,753 19,129 31, 975 36, 103 70,382 9,113 13,861 21,685 25,515 49, 394 16, 798 20,737 28,660 39,547 73, 793 11,595 19,037 35,080 26,753 62,623 6,562 11, 103 15,975 17,871 31,421 47,097 25,733 2,639 1,163 46,186 1,172 41,670 28,306 2,403 1,131 41,666 1,065 33, 146 19, 782 2,060 1,000 33,456 1,176 32,331 19, 698 2,037 828 32, 199 2,103 27,352 15,513 1,664 675 26,188 1,965 19,212 10,812 1,196 475 17,699 1,916 30,322 15,376 1,909 935 25,251 3,263 21,856 16,503 1,442 875 21,947 1,887 12,573 7,137 646 692 10,373 821 435 852 796 47 11 35 296 46 71 42 7 22 284 62 62 48 10 41 310 74 100 26 108 408 169 107 14 124 544 150 331 121 15 92 530 94 202 265 41 94 876 200 281 121 17 46 600 HI 143 41 16 27 229 40 43 16 4 586 397 130 6 759 248 70 13 148 61 211 60 10 1,556 70 26 570 34 464 88 32 473 12 433 227 60 472 12 3,203 182 89 414 31 7 1,428 220 128 514 20 11 623 332 166 1,058 22 29 413 96 35 .12 949 192 72 685 19 114 411 61 28 322 27 14 22 406 114 276 3,884 1,233 978 1,673 57,168 17, 616 627 1,105 11,852 39,562 10, 185 11, 462 15, 104 2,801 8,958 4,756 2,028 991 1,246 416 75 4,202 63 239 2,533 6 4 69 1,288 61, 678 4,625 7,363 12,762 14,108 22,820 9,643 4,603 405 447 7,822 478 116 38 19 9 10 324 31 19 274 1 See explanatory notes on page 99. GENERAL TABLES. 121 BY SEX, BY STATES AND TERRITORIES ARRANGED GEOGRAPHICALLY: 1900. FEMALES. STATE OR TERRITOBY. Under 6 years. 6to9 years. 10 to 11 years. 15 to 19 years. 20 to 21 years. 25 to 29 years. 30 to SI years. 35 to 11 years. 16 to 61 years. 55 to 61 years. 65 years and over. Age un- known. • United States i 611,197 602,360 543,369 508,281 510,265 376,898 262,190 429,456 293,692 157,580 128,338 23,657 Continental United States i 611,168 602,348 643,348 508,272 610,251 376,882 262,177 429,442 293,688 157,579 128,338 23,661 North Atlantic division 17,696 15,619 14,840 19,799 28,560 24, 611 17,389 27,171 16,123 7,987 6,001 1,034 2,781 2,454 2,272 2,805 4,035 3,650 2,583 4,463 2,840 1,440 1,110 147 Maine 65 17 39 1,521 397 692 14,965 61 21 44 1,807 368 663 13,065 66 23 31 1,184 368 610 12,568 57 38 45 1,114 428 823 16,991 72 62 38 2,191 590 1,082 24,526 66 43 31 2,096 611 904 20,961 30 24 30 1,446 391 662 14,806 91 63 15 2,374 762 1,138 22,718 68 21 33 1,508 503 704 13,283 14 13 13 727 274 369 6,647 27 12 21 628 207 315 4,891 2 5 2 88 83 Connecticut 17 887 New York 4,084 3,293 7,588 274,909 3,478 2,928 6,659 266,479 3,457 2,832 6,279 236,933 6,343 3,696 7,955 219,966 8,340 6,187 10,998 212,813 7,031 4,294 9,636 149,630 4,841 3,107 6,865 105,603 7,652 4,728 10,338 177,496 4,490 3,000 6,793 122,553 2,152 1,537 2,868 66,638 1,569 1,119 2,203 54,153 171 878 Pennsylvania 335 Soutli Atlantic division 7,429 67,832 67,935 63,844 60, 924 59,481 14,023 32,428 58,665 40,666 22,401 17,827 2,548 1,845 14,257 3,672 15,669 2,389 207,077 1,796 13,960 3,878 46,146 2,155 197,644 1,674 13,366 3,882 42,875 2,048 173,089 1,574 13,203 5,167 38,866 2,126 169,032 1,616 13,091 7,069 36,341 2,365 153,329 1,273 10,432 6,736 24,788 1,794 105,607 1,007 7,656 3,834 18,731 1,200 73, 175 1,784 13,882 6,838 34,320 1,841 118,831 1,168 9,365 4,675 24,302 1,176 81,987 697 5,257 2,060 13,826 561 41,137 552 3,926 1,607 11,271 468 36, 326 106 Maryland 1,060 46 Virginia 1,126 210 Southern South Atlantic 4,881 48,621 63,238 79,342 15,876 21,936 44,848 60,208 77,091 16,397 24,158 40,594 52, 793 66,674 13,128 25,005 38,689 48,306 69, 639 12,399 26,918 36,535 41,086 59,383 18, 326 27,703 23,823 29, 502 12,355 9,927 21,794 16,616 20,467 29,330 6,762' 18,461 28,081 33,661 46,638 10,551 30,781 21,065 22,783 31,664 6,585 19,886 11,101 12,772 16,973 3,291 10,695 9,391 10, 316 13,952 2,667 8,609 1,481 South Carolina 661 2,213 623 North Central division 2,089 11,021 11,874 12,169 12,730 14,203 13,193 10,037 16,643 10,680 5,676 1,381 887 Ohio 4,300 2,560 3,439 647 85 10,915 4,628 2,804 3,639 715 88 12,284 1,737 2,868 3,696 762 106 12,836 4,900 3,009 3,920 782 119 13,188 6,199 3,264 1,805 809 136 13,500 4,758 2,902 4,746 666 121 11,601 3,661 2,166 3,613 606 102 8,424 6,185 3,512 6,696 1,066 161 11,138 4,124 2,401 3,206 748 99 9,306 2,363 1,179 1,655 131 45 6,019 1,791 933 1,258 349 53 4,226 270 Indiana 201 385 Michigan 22 6 Western North Central 1,202 Minnesota 169 504 7,548 8 19 205 2,162 295, 596 190 567 8,398 12 20 271 2,826 296,040 146 699 8,742 18 26 254 3,063 266,446 166 660 9,021 14 16 309 3,003 241,457 259 666 9,391 11 19 138 2,721 239,764 328 610 8,076 11 19 332 2,225 176,294 244 437 5,805 8 7 264 1,659 119,679 331 767 9,716 12 32 427 2,860 191,761 162 602 6,280 13 21 229 2,098 133,998 61 256 3,368 1 10 92 1,211 71,868 46 177 2,878 2 6 67 1,060 69,218 20 94 Missouri , 812 13 Kansas. 263 12,962 174,075 173,463 156,490 144,919 143,928 104, 988 71, 774 116,670 82,149 14,381 37,059 6,918 15,904 31,217 59,641 67,313 121,521 16,706 31,381 58,744 66,620 122, 587 16, 616 29,435 52,205 58,236 108,956 16,016 28,337 47,866 52,700 96,538 16,025 28,208 17,941 51,754 95,826 12,833 20,771 34,048 37,336 71,306 9,068 14,236 23,359 25,111 47,906 16,947 23,092 37,803 39,828 75,091 10,932 17,041 27,460 26,716 51,849 6,018 9,070 11,162 15,101 27,487 5,036 7,397 12,331 12,296 22,169 1,605 1,667 2,610 Mississippi 1,236 6,011 46,447 25,838 2,757 1,337 45,142 1,031 16,350 26,060 2,691 1,171 16,309 1,162 11,133 23,408 2,258 1,116 41,041 1,124 36,946 21,149 2,111 1,114 35, 918 1,142 36,374 21,156 1,910 951 35,436 1,421 28,367 15,348 1,471 638 25,482 1,553 18,827 10,145 946 494 17,494 1,346 30,105 15,835 1,467 925 26,769 2,233 21,116 11,109 998 737 17,590 1,129 12,027 6,475 482 444 9,059 491 10,255 3,943 377 313 7,271 357 1,191 Arkansas 1,149 236 79 3,086 Western division 140 Rocky Mountain 409 155 451 617 663 756 648 996 167 194 112 63 43 10 24 284 48 69 12 13 28 319 53 65 49 11 23 309 59 64 38 11 37 365 66 59 68 12 64 456 73 93 94 13 47 528 74 102 72 13 31 469 63 78 126 26 37 723 81 130 17 12 16 356 36 67 20 3 9 143 19 17 8 1 3 90 10 16 1 2 55 New Mexico 3 Basin and Plateau 5 40 27 2 553 14 20 1 632 44 18 2 609 39 15 5 666 65 23 5 666 71 27 4 695 53 18 7 619 82 39 9 1,107 33 17 7 606 7 6 4 280 6 4 6 229 1 Utah ■ 1 Pacific 72 70 20 463 3 26 79 27 526 66 36 607 70 29 467 105 59 501 1 8 5 117 74 504 3 2 6 101 51 467 4 4 5 189 76 842 3 4 7 69 26 610 30 13 237 1 19 16 194 10 1 61 Alnalra 2 12 9 2 7 2 3 1 1 1 See explanatory notes on page 99. 122 NEGROES IN THE UNITED STATES. Table 10.— AGES" OF THE NEGRO POPULATION CLASSIFIED BY SEX, BY STATES AND TERRITORIES ARRANGED ALPHABETICALLY: 1900. All ages . Under 1 montli . 1 to 2 months . . . 3 to B months . . . 6 to 8 months . . . 9 to 11 months . . Under 1 year . 1 year. . 2 years. 3 years. 4 years. 1 to 4 years . 6 years. 6 years. 7 years. 8 years. 9 years. 5 to 9 years . 10 years. , 11 years. . 12 years. 13 years. 14 years. 10 to 14 years . 15 years. 16 years. 17 years. 18 years. 19 years. 15 to 19 years . 20 years. . 21 years.. 22 years. , 23 years. , 24 years. 20 to 24 years . 26 years. 26 years. , 27 years., 28 years. 29 years.. 26 to 29 years . 80 years. 81 years. 82 years. S3 years. 84 years. . 30 to 34 years . 86 years. 86 years. 87 years. 38 years. 39 years. . 35 to 39 years . 40 years. 41 years. 42 years. 43 years. 44 years. 40 to 44 years . 46 years. 46 years. 47 years. 48 years. 49 years. 46 to 49 years . UNITED STATES.' Total. 8,840,789 20,523 46, 673 69, 313 67, 086 51,924 244,519 231,949 248,931 244,092 246,208 971,180 245,392 261,880 241,771 246, 004 217,738 1,202,786 241,493 193,871 237,501 207,506 211,649 1,092,020 198,497 206,546 186,698 211,463 180,272 982,476 222,913 180,286 201,794 183, 533 183,943 972,469 210, 310 148, 363 133,660 141, 279 105,344 738, 956 192,614 67, 189 91, 130 84,246 90, 145 526,274 160,816 80,038 71,530 91, 704 80, 916 475,004 167, 087 42,406 59, 636 46,208 62,040 367,377 112, 309 49, 763 48,482 61, 397 64,530 326,481 Males. 4,393,221 10, 201 22, 641 34, 309 28,445 25,736 121,332 115,105 124,338 120,676 123, 052 483, 170 122,171 124, 932 120,748 122, 731 109,843 600,426 122, 704 97,298 119, 592 103,779 105, 288 548, 661 97,902 98,777 91, 169 100,819 86,528 474,195 99,449 93,138 95,905 86,458 87,254 462,204 99,846 71,779 66,826 70, 782 52,831 362,063 96,086 34,668 46,314 41,921 44,805 262,784 74,599 38,690 86,284 44,888 40, 216 233, 677 79,339 21,949 29, 462 22, 740 25,768 179, 248 56,629 27,130 26,324 31,246 28, 262 Fe- males. 4, 447, 668 10, 322 23,032 35,004 28,641 26,188 123,187 116,844 124,593 123,417 123,156 488,010 123,221 126,948 121,023 123, 273 107,896 602, 360 118, 789 96, 673 117, 909 103, 727 106, 361 643,369 100,695 106,769 95,529 110, 644 94,744 508,281 123,464 87,148 106,889 97, 076 96, 689 510,265 110,464 76,584 66,835 70,497 52, 513 376,893 96,528 32,481 45,816 42,326 45,340 262,490 76,217 41,348 36,246 46,816 40,700 241,327 87, 748 20,457 30, 174 23,468 26,282 188,129 56,680 22,633 22,158 30,151 26,268 CONTINENTAL UNITED STATES.' Total. 8, 883, 994 20,622 45, 671 69, 310 57,084 61,923 244,510 231,940 248, 922 244,083 246,200 971,145 246,885 251,875 241, 767 245,996 217, 736 1,202,768 241,487 193,865 237,494 207,501 211, 643 1,091,990 198,494 205,637 186,663 211,346 179,983 982,022 222, 417 179, 596 200, 961 182, 805 183, 393 969, 172 209,908 148,041 133, 368 141,024 105,148 737,479 , 192,436 66, 996 90,999 84, 141 90,036 524,607 150,710 79, 976 71, 489 91,648 80,864 474,687 167, 046 42,358 59, 604 46, 191 62,017 367,216 112,275 49,743 48, 463 61,383 54,520 Males. 4, 386, 647 10,200 22, 640 34, 309 28,444 25,736 121, 329 115, 102 124, 334 120, 671 123,061 483, 158 122, 168 124,929 120, 747 122, 726 109,840 600,410 122,701 97,293 119, 589 103, 776 105,283 648,642 97,899 98,771 91,137 100, 703 85,240 473, 750 98, 966 92,449 95.076 86; 731 86,709 468, 921 99,446 71,458 70,528 62,637 96,910 34,518 45,186 41,818 44,698 262,130 74,496 38,629 36,245 44,834 40,167 233, 371 79,300 21,901 29,431 22,723 25,735 179,090 56,595 27, 110 26,305 31,232 28,253 Fe- males. 10, 322 23,031 36, 001 28,640 26,187 123, 181 116,838 124,588 123, 412 123, 149 487,987 123,217 126,946 121,020 123,270 107,895 602, 348 118, 786 96,572 117, 906 103, 725 106,360 543,348 100,595 106,766 96, 526 110, 642 94,743 608,272 123,461 87, 147 105,886 97,074 96,684 510, 251 110,462 76,683 66,830 70,496 62, 511 376, 882 96,626 32,478 45,813 42,323 46,837 262,477 76, 214 41,347 36,244 46, 814 40, 697 241, 316 87, 746 20,457 80,173 23,468 26,282 188,126 56,680 22,633 22,168 30,161 26,267 Males. 409,237 870 2,146 3,421 2,765 2,391 11, 593 11,638 12,255 11, 936 12, 313 48,041 11,981 12,202 12, 398 12,123 10, 956 59,659 12, 172 9,248 11, 963 10,081 10,267 53, 721 9,547 9,715 8,883 9,698 7,637 45,380 9,372 8,482 8,901 7,902 7,716 42,373 9,483 6,470 5,778 6,031 4,213 81,975 8,443 2,638 8,719 3,391 3,494 21,685 6,202 2,878 2,455 3,138 2,590 17,263 11,297 6,1,60 3,783 8,902 3,986 8,086 168,591 157,890 326,384 168,496 157,889 20,856 ' See explanatory notes on page 99. Fe- males. 418,070 874 2,230 3,431 2,709 2,463 11, 707 11,446 12,236 12,168 12,095 47,934 12,037 11,997 12, 266 12, 150 10,294 58,744 11, 400 9,128 11,619 52,205 9,486 10, 482 8,891 10,412 8,646 47,866 12,033 8,091 10,159 8,880 8,778 47,941 10,744 6,940 5,872 6,296 4,196 34,048 9,067 2,620 3,899 3,772 4,001 28,359 7,092 8,716 3,089 3,965 3,262 21, 114 5,468 8,844 1,077 1,624 1,524 2,499 1,231 1,964 2,007 2,258 16,689 5,738 2,170 2,116 2,788 2,298 15,106 Males. 151 Fe- males. Males. Fe- males. 248 143 125 59 34 ARKANSAS, Malas. 185, 342 ■1,447 1,224 1,137 5,038 4,787 5,278 5,082 5,282 63 69 19 20, 379 5,292 5,486 6,274 5,132 4,650 26,733 5,202 4,326 4,987 4,487 4,304 23,306 4,096 3,948 4,137 3,519 19, 782 3,947 4,126 4,089 3,728 3,809 19, 698 4,116 8,181 3,008 3,016 2,193 15,513 8,579 1,538 1,845 1,886 1,964 10,812 2,804 1,552 1,429 1,660 1,574 9,019 2,574 813 980 854 1,136 6,867 3,131 1,888 1,838 1,875 1,469 10,151 GENERAL TABLES. 123 Table lO.— AGES OF THE NEGRO POPULATION CLASSIFIED BY SEX, BY STATES AND TERRITORIES ARRANGED ALPHABETICALLY: 1900— Continued. BO years. Bl years. B2 years. 63 years. 84 years. BO to 54 years. B5 years.. B6 years. . B7 years. , 68 years. . 69 years. 65 to 59 years. 60 years. 61 years. 62 years. 63 years. 64 years. 60 to 64 years. 65 years. 66 years. 67 years. 68 years. 69 years. 65 to 69 years. 70 years. 71 years. 72 years. 73 years. 74 years. 70 to 74 years. 75 years. 76 years. 77 years. 78 years. 79 years. 7S to 79 years. 80 years. 81 years. 82 years. 83 years. 84 years. 80 to 84 years. 85 years. 86 years. 87 years. 88 years. 89 years. 85 to 89 years. 90 years. 91 years. 92 years. 93 years. 94 years. 90 to 94 years. 95 years. 96 years. 97 years. 98 years. 99 years. 95 to 99 years. 100 years and over. Age unknown UNITED STATES.^ Total. 138,292 33,218 46,671 34, 414 38, 440 291,035 64, 978 35,089 24,395 28,067 26,662 179, 191 92,759 13, 699 19, 369 17,988 17,883 161,698 47,438 14, 182 13,388 14,615 13,054 102, 677 43, 133 5,916 9,140 6,725 7,470 72,384 20,434 5,847 4,081 5,430 4,630 40,422 16,431 2,091 2,802 1,974 2,229 25,527 4,633 1,692 1,448 1,288 1,122 10, 083 3,648 395 496 882 372 924 388 295 475 353 2,435 2,553 48,950 Males. 67,924 19,261 26,932 19,904 21,212 155, 233 34,017 20,284 13, 938 14, 808 14,290 97, 337 46,014 8,009 11,206 10,677 10, 066 85,972 24, 453 8,550 8,022 7,927 7,072 56,024 20,225 3,271 4,994 3,760 3,997 36,237 9,738 3,204 2,269 2,879 2,387 20,477 6,977 1,128 1,461 1,007 1,082 11,655 1,976 841 743 637 616 4,713 1,342 189 222 163 169 2,085 347 168 124 167 153 959 25,293 Fe- males. 70, 368 13,957 19, 739 14, 610 17, 228 135, 802 30, 961 14,805 10,457 13,259 12,372 81,851 46, 745 6,690 8,163 7,311 7,817 75, 726 22,985 5,632 5,366 6,688 5,982 46, 653 22, 908 2,645 4,146 2,975 3,473 36, 147 10, 696 2,643 1,812 2,551 2,243 19, 946 9,454 963 1,341 967 1,147 13, 872 2,657 751 705 651 606 5,370 2,306 206 274 219 203 3,208 577 220 171 308 200 1,476 1,667 23,657 CONTINENTAL UNITED STATES.l Total. 138, 280 33, 203 46, 661 34,409 38,434 290, 987 64,973 35,086 24,392 28, 065 26, 660 179, 176 92, 766 13, 696 19, 367 17, 987 17,881 161,687 47,437 14, 181 13,388 14,612 13,053 102, 671 43, 132 6,916 9,140 6,725 7,469 72,382 20,433 5,847 4,080 5,430 4,630 40,420 16,431 2,091 2,802 1,974 2,229 25,627 4,633 1,592 1,448 1,288 1,122 10, 083 3,648 395 496 382 372 923 388 295 475 353 2,434 2,553 48, 811 Males. 67, 914 19,247 26,922 19, 899 21,206 155,188 34,013 20,281 13,935 14,806 14, 288 97, 323 46, Oil 8,006 11,204 10,676 10, 064 85,961 24,452 8,549 8,022 7,924 7,071 56,018 20,224 3,271 4,994 3,750 3,996 36,235 9,737 3,204 2,268 2,879 2,387 20,475 6,977 1,128 1,461 1,007 1,082 11,655 1; 976 841 743 637 616 1,713 1,342 189 222 163 169 2,085 346 168 124 167 153 958 886 25,157 Fe- males. 70,366 18, 956 19, 739 14,510 17,228 135,799 30,960 14, 805 10,457 13,259 12,372 81,853 46, 745 5,690 8,163 7,311 7,817 76, 726 22,985 5,632 8,366 6,688 5,982 46, 663 22, 908 2,645 4,146 2,975 3,473 36,147 10,696 2,643 1,812 2,551 2,243 19,948 9,454 963 1,341 967 1,147 13,872 2,687 781 705 661 606 5,370 2,306 206 274 219 203 3,208 577 220 171 1,667 23,654 ALABAMA. Males. 6,691 1,712 2,396 1,622 1,804 14, 225 3,057 1,763 1,191 1,290 1,187 4,320 600 930 816 822 7,487 2,436 734 681 646 881 8,078 2,158 288 496 327 385 3,591 1,088 298 197 250 181 2,014 104 118 94 103 1,222 216 77 66 41 37 437 152 13 18 19 21 94 103 2,433 Fe- males. 6,768 1,162 1,758 1,192 1,485 12, 355 2,843 1,201 860 1,158 4,707 459 627 640 7,101 2,359 474 443 596 489 4,361 2,368 219 349 246 320 3,802 221 128 217 212 1,864 1,011 83 120 82 120 1,416 260 82 507 279 15 25 16 21 356 146 179 2,510 Fe- males. Males. Fe- males. 24 14 Males. 2,778 790 1,061 801 922 6,352 1,387 871 636 681 552 4,127 1,643 388 322 3,010 768 332 270 266 666 125 170 144 122 318 108 79 79 66 236 39 36 1,562 1 See explanatory notes on page 99. 124 NEGROES IN THE UNITED STATES. Table lO.— AGES OF THE NEGBO POPULATION CLASSIFIED BY SEX, BY STATES AND TERRITORIES ARRANGED ALPHABETICALLY: 1900— Continued. All ages . Under 1 month . 1 to 2 months . . . 3 to 5 months... 6 to 8 months . . . 9 to 11 months.. Under 1 year. . 1 year. . 2 years. 3 years. . 4 years., 1 to 4 years . 6 years. 6 years. 7 years. 8 years. 9 years., 5 to 9 years . 10 years. 11 years. 12 years. , 13 years., 14 years. 10 to 14 years . IB years. 16 years. 17 years. 18 years. 19 years. 15 to 19 years . 20 years. . 21 years., 22 years. , 23 years., 24 years.. 20 to 24 years . 25 years. 26 years. , 27 years. 28 years., 29 years.. 25 to 29 years . 30 years. , 31 years. , 32 years., 83 years., 34 years. . 30 to 34 years . 36 years. 36 years. , 37 years. , 38 years., 39 years.. 35 to 39 years . 40 years. 41 years. 42 years. 43 years. 44 years. , 40 to 44 years . 45 years. 46 years. 47 years. 48 years. , 49 years. , 45 to 49 years . CALIFORNIA. Males. Fe- males, 109 119 127 106 109 103 90 105 87 79 85 108 80 105 95 102 73 76 HI 110 90 75 79 103 67 140 81 100 97 96 514 127 98 94 122 121 562 164 81 104 83 64 496 114 68 385 91 85 97 104 104 106 111 117 108 102 108 100 104 85 101 467 116 86 91 105 103 4,473 95 95 103 109 102 127 81 467 121 74 64 115 87 461 129 62 70 65 65 381 85 48 43 58 54 288 230 Fe- males. 4,097 59 284 310 106 113 108 103 114 544 151 81 111 CONNECTICUT. Males. 7,247 120 148 146 133 Fe- males. 547 137 136 127 112 117 84 82 103 104 109 102 109 107 101 131 80 75 104 479 126 71 77 60 138 76 88 84 100 69 76 94 97 112 31 49 52 43 297 287 120 105 131 110 100 109 149 126 93 135 151 154 161 164 158 167 161 163 165 166 136 130 136 155 136 566 136 146 184 134 113 663 107 129 128 121 125 DELAnrARE. Males. 15,616 313 395 376 331 Fe- males. 15,081 392 357 381 374 323 342 332 610 125 147 158 174 219 823 217 218 226 822 187 92 117 96 115 132 104 77 118 111 542 167 66 103 68 66 1,082 217 183 170 170 164 218 106 124 106 108 292 861 1,727 334 316 345 1,669 317 332 346 311 382 1,466 392 356 371 363 314 361 310 329 DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. Males. 50 136 227 184 175 654 740 711 729 Fe- males. 48,354 43 131 226 195 147 299 338 311 338 288 340 266 362 314 342 244 277 283 209 1,638 1,615 662 150 103 90 131 137 439 167 67 120 86 87 527 110 74 399 1,356 169 174 166 165 1,008 287 187 184 222 189 1,069 367 121 172 108 113 871 281 109 101 116 141 342 245 224 268 194 139 196 165 182 1,007 280 159 167 231 194 730 764 694 727 692 661 628 746 3,419 706 688 712 844 863 3,813 • 918 978 976 742 700 775 732 723 734 802 768 751 3,878 756 739 792 802 856 967 947 1,148 1,249 1,031 290 99 127 136 102 747 763 216 90 106 112 114 4,681 964 738 743 848 653 3,946 1,116 431 545 449 509 3,049 925 454 445 578 537 2,939 304 457 326 280 2,465 749 267 271 413 5,157 1,459 1,190 1,442 1,488 1,490 Males. 120, 199 248 588 835 3,227 2,997 3,280 3,127 3,236 12, 640 3,096 3,244 3,032 2,963 2,669 Fe-^ males. 110,531 297 579 854 846 7,069 1,503 1,124 1,045 1,193 871 1,864 646 711 687 636 3,834 1,187 669 555 794 ,735 1,311 368 649 349 441 2,066 3,008 949 334 319 490 420 15,004 2,974 2,412 2,965 2,430 2,452 18,233 2,167 2,223 2,216 2,705 2,446 11,757 2,921 2,870 2,997 2,996 3,144 14,928 3,320 2,386 2,237 2,439 1,762 2,612 12, 144 3,151 1,126 1,516 1,436 1,520 8,748 2,637 1,260 1,091 1,309 1,212 7,509 2,316 666 788 688 719 6,066 1,671 750 765 883 716 4,776 3,176 2,995 3,247 8,259 3,200 12, 701 3,148 3,300 3,123 3,120 2,706 16,397 2,859 2,405 2,913 2,414 2,537 13,128 2,429 2,487 2,362 2,670 2,451 12,399 3,069 2,274 2,816 2,568 2,608 Males. 509,869 1,430 3,126 4,290 3,565 3,193 15,603 14, 948 16,056 15,483 16, 769 Fe- males. 524, 944 1,426 3,109 4,345 3,626 3,161 62, 256 15,300 16,392 15, 578 15,560 13, 696 13,325 2,885 2,019 1,779 1,849 1,395 9,927 2,382 849 1,172 1,145 1,214 6,762 1,953 1,140 941 1,211 6,231 2,109 460 647 620 584 4,320 1,410 535 497 690 624 3,756 76,425 15, 621 11,676 14, 981 12,653 13,036 67,966 11,606 11,484 9,520 10,979 9,303 52, 792 11,754 10, 419 10,771 9,547 9,789 15,667 15, 603 16,188 15,954 16, 930 Males. 63, 675 15,663 16,880 15,457 15,791 13, 300 52,280 12,089 7,806 7,097 7,666 5,230 39,788 11, 921 3,155 4,539 4,313 4,664 28,682 4,174 3,712 4,736 ,3,882 25,392 9,656 2,018 2,743 1,962 2, 160 18, 539 4,923 1,842 1,805 2,452 2,553 13,575 77,091 14,988 11,712 14,824 12, 240 12,810 66,574 11,825 13, 112 11, 164 13,067 10,471 15,500 9,735 12,257 11,020 10, 871 59,883 13,628 8,489 7,315 7,696 5,227 42,356 11,894 3,167 4,897 4,651 4,821 29,330 9,322 4,440 3,763 5,019 3,948 26, 492 10,560 2,022 2,889 2,111 2,464 20,046 6,374 2,199 2,172 3,340 2,592 16,677 12 Fe- males. GENERAL TABLES. 125 Table lO.— AGES OF THE NEGRO POPULATION CLASSIFIED BY SEX, BY STATES AND TERRITORIES ARRANGED ALPHABETICALLY: 1900— Continued. CALIFORNIA. COLORADO. CONNECTICUT. ( DELAWARE. DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA, FLORIDA. GEORGIA. HAWAII. Males. Fe- males. Males. Fe- males. Males. Fe- males. Males. Fe- males. Males. Fe- males. Males. Fe- males. Males. Fe- males. Males. Fe- males. 103 45 54 47 51 91 33 36 30 32 83 29 31 32 28 67 17 22 33 28 130 49 66 63 62 116 41 66 52 40 259 78 119 79 81 222 68 81 82 67 813 206 329 231 263 1,017 218 346 245 237 1,611 390 610 367 399 1,491 296 364 296 382 8,677 2,421 3,443 2,443 2,395 8,315 1,349 2,011 1,439 1,763 1 1 2 1 3 50 to 54 years 300 5(5 35 23 26 31 222 39 26 28 15 23 203 38 35 32 27 23 157 32 15 14 16 13 350 72 60 34 43 42 305 64 31 32 39 30 616 146 75 71 75 65 520 126 74 61 68 66 1,831 351 226 161 199 170 2,063 414 200 165 193 164 3,267 847 487 362 342 327 2,829 681 302 236 268 223 19, 279 3,769 1,900 1,170 1,267 1,235 14,877 3,466 1,426 %7 1,408 1,162 8 1 1 2 58 years 59 years 1 55 to 59 years 171 51 £0 29 26 25 131 50 11 10 12 23 155 32 8 13 10 11 90 29 4 8 4 8 251 69 25 24 34 19 196 71 27 24 24 27 432 165 49 61 44 39 394 168 25 47 42 26 1,106 441 64 114 108 84 1,126 612 90 137 112 83 2,365 967 188 228 211 195 1,700 1,038 119 154 133 147 9,341 6,954 923 1,457 1,312 1,144 8,429 5,737 638 805 724 740 3 2 2 2 1 2 61 years 63 years 65 yeara . . . - 151 37 23 22 23 21 106 22 9 19 7 14 74 14 9 5 8 8 53 14 6 7 7 6 171 54 17 20 14 14 - 173 44 16 22 17 24 338 93 26 33 42 36 303 98 23 25 42 30 811 259 71 63 55 60 934 310 64 59 91 82 1,739 556 179 158 150 132 1,591 614 91 110 127 112 10,790 3,071 896 884 860 677 8,544 2,747 549 494 678 559 9 1 .1 2 1 69 yeara 65 to 69 years 126 18 12 • 10 10 11 71 18 3 5 8 11 44 8 1 2 4 3 40 12 3 8 4 3 119 31 10 10 11 9 123 27 12 17 9 8 230 76 14 31 11 15 218 78 14 23 15 22 608 161 33 46 36 24 596 269 31 53 36 52 1,175 384 62 102 66 73 954 601 53 73 45 62 6,388 2,423 368 601 410 426 5,027 2,715 262 403 305 312 5 1 74 years. . . . 1 61 14 8 8 8 9 45 9 4 5 9 7 18 4 30 5 71 23 6 3 6 5 73 16 6 15 6 13 147 36 18 11 11 14 152 45 14 8 13 13 300 73 24 12 18 23 441 107 46 24 34 28 687 210 64 54 59 46 734 244 61 29 52 41 4,118 1,174 344 227 284 218 3,997 1,259 243 163 236 205 2 1 1 3 2 1 3 75 to*79 years 47 15 4 3 3 3 34 10 3 3 9 1 9 4 43 10 5 3 2 7 56 18 7 4 5 8 90 17 8 3 8 6 93 26 12 6 8 4 150 42 12 10 7 12 239 93 12 22 20 21 433 170 23 34 19 27 417 225 13 26 - 18 19 2,247 847 124 158 102 103 2,106 1,078 89 140 90 104 2 1 1 1 1 6 2 80 to 84 years 28 1 3 2 1 22 4 4 7 2 27 3 2 1 2 1 42 7 4 3 1 2 42 5 1 4 4 66 8 8 3 5 1 83 11 10 8 6 6 168 36 10 9 20 7 273 48 22 19 10 16 301 66 15 12 10 13 1,334 238 107 82 72 46 1,501 820 70 64 71 60 1 1 85 to 89 years 7 2 1 6 4 1 3 2 2 9 •3 1 17 14 3 20 7 1 41 5 3' 2 1 81 32 2 6 1 6 115 36 3 7 3 5 106 48 3 9 5 3 545 148 30 31 17 13 586 284 26 23 18 25 91 years ~ 1 Qo ^^^*~ 1 1 2 1 3 10 1 1 1 4 1 2 3 10 H 1 2 1 2 47 12 54 13 7 2 9 7 68 16 9 7 6 5 239 44 19 21 15 19 376 73 24 9 35 26 1 1 1 1 1 2 7 2 ] 1 2 4 61 1 1 2 1 21 1 1 17 1 90 1 2 106 6 6 34 23 12 46 38 26 996 43 44 623 118 115 2,167 167 193 2,213 1 100 years and over 2 74 129 55 1 i 4973— Bull 8—07- 126 NEGROES IN THE UNITED STATES. Table 10.— AGES OF THE NEGRO POPULATION CLASSIFIED BY SEX, BY STATES AND TERRITORIES ARRANGED ALPHABETICALLY: 1900— Continued. All ages . Under 1 month.. 1 to 2 months 3 to 5 months 6 to 8 months 9 to 11 months... Under 1 year . 1 year. . . 2 years. . 3 years. , 4 years. . 1 to 4 years . 6 years. , 6 years. 7 years. . 8 years. 9 years. 5 to 9 years . 10 years. 11 years. 12 years. 13 years. , 14 years. 10 to 14 years . 15 years.. 16 years.. 17 years.. 18 years'. . 19 years. . 16 to 19 years . 20 years. 21 years. 22 years. 23 years. 24 years. . 20 to 24 years . 25 years. 26 years. 27 years. 28 yeara. 29 years. 25 to 29 years . SO years. 81 fears. 82 years. 83 years. , 34 years. . ) to 34 years . 85 years. . 86 years.. 37 years., 88 years.. 89 years.. 35 to 39 years . 40 years. 41 years. 42 years. 43 years. 44 years- 40 to 44 years . 46 years., 46 years. , 47 years., 48 years.. 49 years. . 46 to 49 years . Males. re- males. 16 26 12 11 13 Males. 615 648 665 689 Fe- males. 39, 957 48 58 115 180 192 202 167 169 166 182 632 660 723 2, 617 2, 708 655 724 692 732 708 760 647 732 689 729 763 782 867 912 968 984 1,106 1,088 1,180 6,325 1,207 1,061 1,113 1,202 1,046 5,628 1,618 770 881 763 862 4,794 1,110 674 670 823 784 4,061 1,136 476 606 436 430 3,084 656 374 833 419 410 734 760 730 727 769 738 760 680 749 708 786 730 835 861 INDIAN TEKBITOKY. Males. 929 836 959 1,016 1,065 4,805 1,000 986 940 1,029 792 4,746 1,014 562 678 630 629 3,513 603 533 679 634 465 366 882 506 275 314 868 2,191 1,791 29 103 168 142 121 506 530 606 514 607 616 622 610 484 494 476 500 492 442 406 420 391 428 416 2,060 390 422 434 379 412 401 364 304 868 217 384 177 207 211 217 292 192 179 221 174 1,058 334 103 145 125 144 851 300 166 135 143 124 Fe- males. 105 178 127 125 514 670 548 651 2,183 514 687 562 624 517 2,694 493 420 460 419 466 2,258 447 428 400 439 897 427 335 403 888 357 383 272 216 1,471 279 131 172 178 186 228 142 146 142 146 301 62 100 92 109 664 213 96 87 104 80 867 I 579 Males. Fe- males. 46 86 115 108 124 478 494 649 490 532 638 601 541 563 2,675 661 556 669 653 596 679 687 690 676 2,890 632 636 738 656 691 670 635 592 658 722 417 460 405 462 404 378 509 412 2,189 697 290 364 293 322 1,856 269 250 284 272 27,804 60 91 122 116 120 499 610 503 602 636 622 571 662 594 566 644 678 675 586 685 681 614 646 660 609 697 613 612 664 3,254 649 690 674 574 615 2,902 625 326 412 380 412 2,166 458 349 486 236 298 257 271 1,647 349 224 218 271 241 1,463 Males. 6,876 91 103 92 103 140 116 119 133 129 121 131 119 136 124 125 137 127 141 156 168 158 749 168 180 134 146 108 736 184 105 110 101 160 107 124 109 139 71 93 62 74 439 407 Fe- males. 6,^18 103 92 106 106 97 110 114 122 111 110 567 110 99 137 122 131 699 147 114 130 130 139 660 131 136 137 119 132 665 129 128 116 134 103 610 126 77 72 79 83 437 116 82 78 447 310 281 Males. 38 96 118 108 117 473 493 478 648 1,992 644 572 674 576 596 2,862 626 565 629 626 626 3,070 596 667 564 596 2,896 551 645 2,727 494 459 463 467 414 603 275 319 295 288 1,680 263 283 312 1,694 206 232 202 214 1,240 228 237 295 261 Fe- males. 25,461 42 77 120 109 121 496 497 461 560 1,993 523 674 653 670 601 2,826 656 673 631 692 601 1,053 604 606 696 635 663 617 499 657 663 495 2,721 527 420 424 440 414 2,226 452 277 322 278 362 356 1,579 422 196 253 221 189 1,281 281 210 204 236 204 1,134 KENTnCKY. 142,073 929 722 720 3,246 3,237 12,485 3,237 3,472 3,252 3,437 3,177 16, 676 3,677 3,003 3,418 3,304 3,238 16,540 3,210 3,157 2,900 3,213 2,837 15,317 3,111 2,972 3,140 2, 803 2,895 14,921 3,279 2,558 2,343 2,670 1,903 12,753 3,276 1,193 1,685 1,479 1,580 9,113 2,769 1,554 1,388 1,843 1,678 9,232 3,221 976 1,325 988 1,056 7,566 2,106 961 855 1,148 936 6,006 Fe- males. 142, 633 316 692 719 774 3,296 2,920 3,210 3,165 3,313 12, 608 3,347 3,546 3,267 3,373 3,172 16, 705 3,419 8,112 3,457 3,294 3,333 16,615 3,143 3,281 2,986 3,407 3,200 16,016 3,633 2,889 3,279 3,152 3,072 16,025 8,334 2,647 2,336 2,516 2,001 12,833 3.109 i;i76 1,672 1,531 1,581 1,068 2,493 1,684 1,469 1,723 1,592 8,931 2,925 806 1,225 983 1,047 6,986 1,959 927 836 1,161 1,018 5,890 Males. 322, 664 648 1,664 2,664 2,045 1,695 8,616 8,795 9,673 9,520 9,708 37,6% 9,664 9,629 9,626 9,647 8,542 47,097 9,560 7,360 9,251 7,830 7,669 41, 670 6,987 6,688 6,306 7,171 5,993 33,145 7,092 6,147 6,834 6,139 6,119 32,331 7,831 6,460 5,015 5,263 4,083 27,362 7,432 2,487 3,289 2,849 3,155 19,212 5,279 2,792 2,656 3,174 3,103 16,904 6,148 1,520 2,148 1,629 1,973 13,418 3,841 1,767 1,711 2,103 2,050 11,472 GENERAL TABLES. 127 Table lO — AGES OF THE NEGEO POPULATION CLASSIFIED BY SEX, BY STATES AND TERRITORIES ARRANGED ALPHABETICALLY: 1900— Continued. IDAHO. ILUNOIS. INDIAN TEEKITORY. INDIANA. IOWA. KANSAS. KENTUCKY. LOUISIANA. Males. Fe- males. Males. Fe- males. Males. Fe- males. Males. Fe- males. Males. Fe- males, Males. Fe- males. Males. Fe- males. Males. Fe- males. 1 3 1 i" 1 667 288 331 305 270 577 170 265 194 208 261 60 95 86 83 208 49 52 48 62 454 201 260 242 259 403 166 213 167 163 99 66 59 47 36 81 34 36 37 33 392 161 211 182 237 365 168 167 136 148 2,449 701 928 743 769 2,369 667 816 610 700 4,997 1,239 1,631 1,197 1,320 6,400 930 3 1,343 1,007 1 1,189 50 to 54 years 5 5 3 2 6 i" 1,861 356 292 195 199 186 1,414 288 186 148 157 172 685 140 92 62 59 49 419 94 60 23 39 42 1,416 278 229 166 164 165 1,101 180 143 108 120 107 297 68 46 50 80 37 221 42 43 26 16 25 1,183 243 205 136 180 165 964 184 162 122 110 126 5,590 1,254 820 647 590 617 6,042 1,129 653 483 534 505 10,384 2,410 1,402 947 979 1,137 9,869 2,285 1,031 710 1,024 1 1,016 55 to 59 years 60 vears 11 1 1 2 1 i' 1 1,228 345 109 117 132 117 951 320 89 91 96 108 402 131 21 26 39 27 258 136 15 25 24 25 1,002 274 93 93 107 110 668 216 68 83 77 77 220 60 30 27 23 30 161 48 11 16 14 16 919 271 86 96 111 116 694 251 74 70 71 81 3,728 1,467 277 377 370 343 3,304 1,547 261 326 299 821 6,875 3,261 489 689 641 628 6,066 3,876 403 603 469 1 610 60 to 64 years 5 2 1 820 176 100 96 104 71 704 168 82 82 80 68 244 74 30 30 18 18 224 68 10 22 22 16 677 154 81 84 82 70 521 132 70 78 63 43 170 32 15 20 20 17 105 27 14 8 19 11 679 163 104 97 96 83 547 133 61 61 76 70 2,824 748 343 329 286 223 2,744 816 295 262 298 230 6,698 1,664 588 527 530 617 5,961 1,807 1 416 370 501 i 514 65 to 69 years 2 1 1 546 141 40 51 46 53 480 174 34 44 40 35 170 69 17 16 7 14 128 70 6 7 7 9 471 87 36 40 41 39 876 109 20 48 24 34 104 33 9 10 6 12 79 16 6 6 4 4 543 126 35 66 61 49 400 123 44 41 81 30 1,929 683 127 192 169 138 1,901 804 120 171 159 166 3,816. 1,622 213 328 214 303 3,608 1,894 71 years 205 1 318 73 years 190 263 70 to 74 years 2 331 66 42 18 29 30 327 86 38 29 29 23 123 23 9 3 6 7 99 30 7 2 9 « 243 60 24 26 26 22 236 63 36 10 26 24 70 8 7 6 6 3 34 10 6 5 6 4 327 66 28 21 39 30 269 64 31 20 28 22 1,309 334 119 105 102 86 1,420 401 122 99 122 107 2,680 780 232 151 230 196 2,860 827 196 110 195 167 185 64 11 17 6 8 206 69 10 15 12 15 48 14 3 3 4 4 54 28 2 4 4 2 168 29 8 10 9 8 169 46 12 14 10 7 30 10 3 1 3 31 11 2 2 1 2 184 60 24 11 22 8 165 69 8 18 16 11 745 196 41 62 40 30 851 311 48 61 46 44 1,689 662 75 104 74 83 1,495 831 76 109 74 84 years 83 95 8 13 12 8 5 - 121 24 7 10 8 10 28 6 3 2 1 2 40 13 3 1 4 1 64 13 7 7 8 3 89 7 8 5 7 3 17 1 i' 4 2 18 1 1 6 1 3 125 19 8 5 12 10 122 16 4 7 2 9 369 52 36 33 26 24 510 65 26 21 24 18 888 169 60 67 63 46 1,173 268 62 55 68 46 10 3 4 3 4 59 22 5 5 14 5 1 2 1 22 8 38 5 2 30 12 1 4 1 2 11 2 11 1 54 11 2 10 2 1 38 14 2 3 1 2 170 33 7 11 4 144 70 10 13 9 7 395 148 12 12 10 19 608 90 years 209 14. 91 years 1 1 1 i' 28 20 94 years 21 24 2 32 4 9 9 4 7 2 2 i' 20 3 1 1 3 1 4 2 1 26 5 1 3 6 22 3 4 1 1 3 60 12 4 2 7 7 109 17 9 6 10 3 201 25 7 12 24 13 292 95 years 61 27 96 years i' 1 3 3 1 4 2 1 2 1 4 3 1 22 40 25 98 years 7 12 492 12 22 385 6 8 247 12 13 236 6 5 288 9 16 204 1 2 124 1 1 94 16 14 269 12 22 263 32 21 1,482 46 55 1,605 81 93 1,151 175 146 Age unknown 1 2 1,194 128 NEGROES IN THE UNITED STATES. Table 10.— AGES OF THE NEGRO POPULATION CLASSIFIED BY SEX, BY STATES AND TERKITOEIES ARRANGED ALPHABETICALLY: 1900— Continued. All ages . Under 1 month . 1 to 2 months... 3 to 5 months . . . 6 to 8 months... 9 to 11 months . . Under 1 year . 1 year. . 2 years. S years. 4 years. 1 to 4 years . 6 years., 6 years. 7 years., 8 years. 9 years. 6 to 9 years . 10 years. 11 years. 12 years. 13 years. 14 years. 10 to 14 years. 16 years. 16 years. 17 years. 18 years. 19 years. 15 to 19 years . 20 years. 21 years. 22 years. 23 years. , 24 years. 20 to 24 years. , 25 years. 26 years. 27 years. 28 years. 29 years. 25 to 29 years . 30 years. 31 years. 32 years. 33 years. 34 years. ) to 34 years . 35 years. 36 years. 37 years., 38 years. 39 years. 36 to 39 years . 40 years. 41 years. 42 years. 43 years. 44 years. 40 to 44 years . 45 years. 46 years. 47 years., 48 years. , 49 years. , 46 to 49 years . Males. 45 49 66 Fe- males. 48 53 MARYLAND. Males. 263 619 829 647 638 Fe- males. 230 548 635 2,597 2,801 2,756 2,809 10,963 2,718 2,769 2,762 2,762 2,616 13,626 2,860 2,374 2,766 2,518 2,676 13, 174 2,433 2,518 2,403 2,431 2,324 12, 109 2,443 2,417 2,660 2,430 2,313 3t 12, 153 2,471 1,908 1,804 2,117 1,671 2,632 2,955 2,859 2,892 ll,aS8 2,797 2,828 2,845 2,859 2,631 13,960 2,839 2,424 2,853 2,680 2,669 13, 365 2,493 2,746 2,482 2,874 2,609 13,203 3,066 2,195 2,668 2,580 2,586 MASSACHDaETlB, Males. 15, 591 267 299 292 266 1,114 241 238 236 212 214 237 206 192 201 181 13,094 2,906 2,082 1,796 2,003 1,645 9,871 2,492 978 1,309 1,128 1,191 7,C 2,248 1,076 1,174 1,502 1,411 7,411 2,738 791 1,177 892 6,458 1,749 725 720 10,432 2,846 973 1,369 1,140 1,828 7,656 2,183 1,282 1,146 1,666 1,606 2,782 692 1,067 805 863 6,199 1,694 698 704 933 900 218 226 228 -267 280 1,218 327 329 406 404 476 407 2,065 469 260 363 274 301 1,667 205 214 293 279 1,379 166 219 168 150 4,929 224 150 130 184 173 861 I 16,383 26 57 105 76 81 291 309 292 284 274 258 268 252 266 234 240 236 245 229 233 268 311 324 1,414 373 436 516 478 2,191 494 394 449 407 351 2,095 441 240 297 232 236 199 220 300 289 1,346 352 142 209 164 161 1,028 228 141 130 172 163 MICHIGAN. Males. 8,220 118 126 126 148 132 112 135 151 145 139 149 149 166 159 Fe- males. 161 170 144 166 152 167 158 135 167 169 786 162 143 167 144 130 746 187 124 125 129 125 156 116 127 148 122 669 137 92 113 103 111 34 122 143 129 111 133 140 138 160 144 135 160 156 147 164 169 173 142 152 156 168 165 157 161 158 139 140 126 155 107 153 109 117 132 95 133 103 97 127 117 577 139 70 119 83 834 566 479 % 127 98 92 73 74 79 89 86 86 71 468 406 MINNESOTA. Males. 2,836 123 23 82 39 31 Fe- males. 2,123 163 143 412 106 70 85 63 79 403 244 190 34 24 32 33 22 146 26 MISSISSIPPI. 453,384 2,398 3,900 3,016 2,609 12, 761 12,928 14,041 13, 759 13,890 Fe- males. 454,246 2,408 3,992 3,076 2,622 54,618 14,526 13, 972 13,439 13,608 12,127 67,672 13, 770 10,491 IS, 374 11,091 11,599 60,325 10,475 10, 693 9,976 10,744 8,207 60,095 9,977 9,499 9,857 8,676 8,937 46,945 10, 703 7,293 6,444 6,733 4,930 36,103 3,193 4,202 4,062 4,386 25,516 7,219 3,708 3,246 4,097 3,851 22, 121 17,426 4,724 1,983 1,860 2,401 2,319 13, 057 12, 869 13, 799 13,890 13, 698 54,256 14, 325 13,966 13,274 13,438 11, 618 66,620 12, 777 10,037 12,935 10,863 11,633 58,235 10, 475 11,063 9,888 11,653 9,621 62,700 13,299 8,676 10,654 9,426 9,699 51,754 11,688 7,742 6,336 6,802 4,868 37, 336 10,004 2,730 4,245 3,901 4,231 25,111 7,524 8,866 3,126 4,262 3,694 22,462 8,267 9,064 2,043 1,734 2,701 2,467 1,981 1,841 2,434 2,260 17,366 6,815 1,883 1,801 2,602 2,439 13,277 I 14,040 Males. 81, 206 115 274 325 361 Fe- males. 80,028 124 247 405 1,445 1,367 1,439 1,475 1,623 5,804 1,638 1,734 1,641 1,791 1,635 8,439 1,796 1,546 1,809 1,692 1,744 8,586 1,726 1,765 1,678 1,715 1,769- 8,653 1,861 1,800 1,933 1,864 1,824 9,272 1,926 1,523 1,602 1,645 1,390 8,085 2,017 992 1,205 1,118 1,063 6,396 1,622 1,020 970 1,282 1,134 6,028 1,776 704 882 624 4,686 1,117 660 573 666 656 3,661 1,460 1,362 1,688 1,512 1,626 6,088 1,669 1,695 1,617 1,776 1,741 1,831 1,669 1,808 1,764 1,770 8,742 1,751 1,811 1,686 1,897 1,876 9,021 2,067 1,573 1,980 1,881 1,893 9,394 1,884 1,647 1,605 1,632 1,408 8,076 1,768 904 1,119 1,005 1,019 5,805 1,399 964 984 1,147 1,039 5,533 1,533 560 796 627 667 4,183 1,012 560 515 661 610 3,348 Males. 49 16 121 116 GENERAL TABLES. 129 Table lO.— AGES OF THB NEGRO POPULATION CLASSIFIED BY SEX, BY STATES AND TERRITORIES ARRANGED ALPHABETICALLY: 1900— Continued. MAINE. MARYLAND. MASSACHUSETTS. MICHIGAN. MINNESOTA. MISSISSIPPI. MISSOUBI. MONTANA. AGE. Males. Fe- males. Males. Fe- males. Males. Fe- males. Males. Fe- males. Males. ' Fe- males. Males. Fe- males. Males. Fe- males. Males. Fe- males. 60 vears 20 9 4 6 6 7 8 8 6 4 2,067 485 767 661 614 2,074 505 707 527 613 253 86 155 98 115 246 74 135 94 125 115 80 76 71 78 107 39 73 63 60 41 21 20 17 17 28 15 19 9 11 6,387 1,692 2,127 1,646 1,726 7,404 1,099 1,595 1,129 1,449 1,234 411 558 418 469 1,241 370 603 407 411 19 11 6 9 8 4 62 years 7 53 years 54 years 2 5 50 to 54 years 65 years 45 10 4 9 5 5 33 8 5 4 5 5 4,494 1,021 573 450 510 497 4,426 985 495 322 453 467 707 120 79 81 69 60 674 122 80 81 71 69 420 72 78 67 56 66 342 67 63 44 37 36 116 18 24 9 9 6 82 13 6 7 8 5 13, 476 3,177 1,727 1,129 1,179 1,328 12,676 3,194 1,228 821 1,109 1,196 3,090 725 533 343 322 296 2,932 606 399 298 308 307 63 5 9 7 3 4 19 4 2 67 yeara •3 2 59 years 3 55 to 59 years 33 9 1 4 4 3 27 2 3 3 3 6 3,061 1,363 247 360 311 294 2,722 1,446 214 346 256 274 409 126 27 60 46 43 413 131 38 53 48 44 318 71 41 53 46 39 247 72 21 30 27 37 66 19 6 9 9 7 39 8 6 2 3 3 8,540 5,180 773 1,148 1,146 1,084 7,548 6,066 488 659 695 715 2,219 689 167 207 192 194 1,917 742 142 171 210 176 28 3 1 3 5 1 14 1 1 2 2 21 4 4 1 17 1 3' 2,675 704 231 234 243 242 2,635 672 190 181 243 186 292 68 26 33 32 22 314 67 .37 30 27 31 260 39 46 26 30 20 187 49 29 33 13 26 60 7 9 11 6 3 22 8 4 4 4 5 9,331 2,900 916 803 790 731 7, 6.53 2,360 446 404 533 575 1,439 394 207 167 168 134 1,441 438 162 149 148 143 13 3 2 2 6 1 67 years' 1 69 years 1 1 1 65 to 69 yeara 10 4 1 5 2 1 2 1 1 1,664 539 92 156 104 116 1,472 662 95 148 123 106 181 40 14 9 20 20 192 66 19 22 23 12 160 46 22 21 17 13 150 30 16 14 14 10 36 6 1 4 26 3 2 2 1 1 6,140 2,206 268 440 360 385 4,308 2,446 185 308 213 330 1,070 322 69 100 89 91 1,030 408 67 104 83 104 8 1 1 2 1 2 73 years 1 70 to 74 years 75 years 6 3 7 .2 4 1 2 1 1,007 246 73 63 70 64 1,134 333 81 50 77 67 103 24 12 8 19 11 142 31 22 20 20 10 119 22 10 16 6 17 84 17 11 10 9 11 11 5 2 i" 1 9 1 2' 2 1 3,648 1,081 286 198 271 235 3,482 1,076 209 140 212 210 671 160 78 42 67 40 766 222 80 60 64 65 5 1 3 77 years 1 1 1 1 75 to 79 years 4 1 10 1 1 i' 1 516 162 31 36 27 30 608 243 30 64 36 47 74 7 4 4 7 5 103 17 8 12 6 8 71 11 5 13 3 3 58 11 2 3 6 4 9 6 2,071 835 123 151 101 108 1,847 1,062 65 109 81 123 387 110 32 35 23 32 491 184 31 35 26 26 2 5 2 1 2 1 1 i 1 80 to 84 years 5 4 1 286 33 26 23 18 11 409 69 27 28 24 18 27 6 3 2 3 3 61 11 5 3 4 4 36 6 2 3 8 1 20 C 1 6 3' 3 1 1 1,318 222 79 69 48 53 1,440 298 64 45 50 59 232 38 16 21 20 9 302 51 18 29 14 18 1 1 1 'i 2 i' 88 years 85 to 89 years 90 years 91 years 92 years 1 1 1 111 29 4 2 3 166 46 9 11 3 17 3 27 1 4' 19 2 i 16 6 1 2' 1 1 1 1 3 1 471 170 15 19 24 516 274 14 17 17 - 104 25 6 3 130 49 3 11 3 2 1 94 years 90 to 94 years 95 years 96 years 97 years 1 2 40 8 2 1 5 74 9 5 1 1 4 2 7 2 i' 3 4 1 1 1 9 1 1 i 4 1 16 244 44 19 17 16 18 340 73 28 14 31 3 36 2 1 3 7 3 69 13 9 9 12 1 1 98 years 99 years 3 16 10 1,012 3 27 36 1,060 132 3 3 88 7 2 41 2 4 22 17 113 103 1,071 18 164 199 1,236 4 17 16 882 7 60 40 812 1 63 1 20 9 11 2 4 130 NEGROES IN THE UNITED STlTES. Table lO.— AGES OF THE NEGRO POPULATION CLASSIFIED BY SEX, BY STATES AND TERRITORIES ARRANGED ALPHABETICALLY: 1900— Continued. All ages.. Under 1 month . 1 to 2months 3 to 5 months 6 to 8 months 9 to llmonths.. Under 1 year . 1 year. . 2 years. 3 years. 4 years. 1 to 4 years. 6 years. 6 years. 7 years. 8 years. 9 years. 5 to 9 years . 10 years. 11 years. 12 years. 13 years. 14 years. 10 to 14 years. . 15 years. . 16 years. 17 years. 18 years. 19 years. 15 to 19 years. 20 years. 21 years. 22 years. 23 years. 24 years. 20 to 24 years. 25 years. 26 years. 27 years. 28 years. 29 years. 26 to 29 years. 30 years. 31 years. 32 years. 33 years. 34 years. ) to 34 years. 35 years. 36 years. 37 years. 38 years. . 39 years. , 35 to 39 years. 40 years. 41 years. 42 years. 43 years. 44 years. 40 to 44 years. 45 years. 46 years. 47 years., 48 years. , 49 years.. 45 to 49 years. KEBBASKA, 41 213 Fe- males. 415 87 106 115 102 36 51 271 254 94 72 78 82 112 Males. 82 Fe- males. NEWHAMPSHIKE. Males. 1 1 1 2 1 2 1 2 18 Fe- 26 15 31 NEW JEBSEY. Males. 57 134 183 177 154 706 603 699 616 637 Fe- males. 2,465 619 692 632 567 529 2,929 501 515 491 530 2,670 505 514 548 596 705 2,868 744 916 928 4,464 793 793 811 662 3,997 965 493 809 545 608 735 449 421 544 531 2,680 769 297 404 316 310 2,096 474 251 .269 263 272 14 11 1,529 36,099 55 122 204 178 167 726 621 680 643 623 2,567 599 687 694 545 2,928 576 527 548 572 2,832 571 660 719 841 906 1,018 920 1,080 1,059 1,110 5,187 1,066 863 790 873 712 4,294 479 574 499 552 3,107 717 461 463 553 504 772 286 406 289 277 504 266 250 315 287 NEW MEXICO. Males. 1,023 1,622 Fe- males. 36 46 150 115 57 37 63 59 73 NEW YORK. Males. 84 168 245 199 192 878 758 674 679 2,800 692 685 642 678 607 701 574 578 563 620 662 726 701 922 ,040 4,061 1,124 1,172 1,315 1,396 1,418 6,425 1,516 1,243 1,244 1,301 1,107 6,411 1,584 796 908 781 840 4,909 1,147 668 696 874 738 4,123 1,027 426 624 504 448 3,028 676 388 400 447 438 2,349 Fe- males. 52,614 231 206 943 765 843 761 772 3,141 705 716 690 702 3,478 719 659 700 662 717 3,457 785 892 996 1,285 1,386 5,343 1,683 1,399 1,664 1,786 1,818 8,340 1,780 1,411 1,297 1,382 1,161 7,031 755 978 778 867 4,844 1,155 711 751 906 875 1,232 450 594 498 480 3,254 747 405 391 468 489 2,500 NOBTH CAROLINA. Males. 803, 624 962 1,896 2,614 2,428 2,186 10, 076 9,347 9,986 9,445 9,470 38,248 9,116 9,662 9,068 9,064 8,075 Fe- males. 320,845 1,953 2,701 2,432 2,317 10,306 9,605 9,920 9,414 9,376 44,985 7,288 8,932 7,777 7,797 40,702 7,480 7,564 7,218 7,844 5,956 36,062 6,437 6,262 6,031 5,218 5,173 29, 121 5,655 3,943 3,701 3,853 2,801 19,963 4,752 1,830 2,327 2,353 2,486 13, 748 3,812 1,982 1,951 2,434 2,181 12, 360 3,834 1,221 1,616 1,483 1,555 9,709 3,299 1,803 1,681 1,837 1,781 38,315 9,133 9,844 9,064 8,916 7,902 44,848 8,790 7,287 8,683 7,978 7,856 40,594 7,842 8,231 7,344 8,468 6,804 8,438 6,727 7,965 6,738 6,667 36,535 7,428 4,888 4,135 4,315 3,057 23,823 5,983 2,026 2,939 2,756 2,912 16,616 5,094 2,657 2,283 2,853 2,354 15,241 5,813 1,359 2,030 1,708 1,930 12,840 4,096 1,594 1,643 2,028 1,752 10,401 I 11,113 NOHTH DAKOTA. Males. Fe- males. 173 113 i' 2' 1 1 1 14 13 GENERAL TABLES. 131 Table lO.— AGES OF THE NEGRO POPULATION CLASSIFIED BY SEX, BY STATES AND TERRITORIES ARRANGED ALPHABETICALLY: 1900— Continued. NEBBASKA. NEVADA. NEW HAMPSHIRE. NEW JEBSEY. NEW MEXICO. NEW YOEK. NORTH CAROLINA. NORTH DAKOTA. AGS. Males. Fe- males. Males. Fe- males. Males. Fe- males. Males. Fe- males. Males. Fe- males. Males. Fe- males. Males. Fe- males. Males. Fe- males. 50 vears 63 23 24 19 22 36 18 19 11 13 1 3 1 1 1 1 4 2 2 4 4 6 1 1 3' 467 181 235 201 199 561 177 276 183 192 15 12 12 6 9 5 2 4 1 3 714 268 320 242 302 800 273 345 267 305 4,499 1,590 2,311 1,897 1,898 6,079 1,076 1,496 1,042 1,269 • 4 2 3 51 years 1 2 1 1 50 to 54 years 141 21 23 13 14 15 97 17 18 5 8 10 6 1 2 1 1 3 2 3 i" 16 2 7 3 2 3 10 4 1 1,283 278 204 125 157 156 1,378 243 170 134 169 162 64 8 6 2 6 4 15 6 3 1 2 2 1,846 371 282 206 209 193 1,990 383 246 173 192 217 12,196 2,734 1,796 1,326 1,361 1,153 9,962 2,268 1,090 793 935 804 9 6 1 2 1 1 55 to 59 years 86 10 11 8 8 4 68 y 6 3 4 13 8 4 17 5 6 3 1 1 2 920 277 83 99 99 69 868 802 86 103 79 109 24 6 4 2 2 2 13 4 i' 1 1,261 381 108 122 127 104 1,211 423 100 147 146 125 8,369 2,971 618 812 801 804 5,880 3,149 397 607 632 636 4 1 1 1 1 4 1 1 1 1 60 to 64 years 41 7 10 8 5 4 34 6 6 4 3 5 1 i' 1 1 1 1 i' 11 1 i' 2 2 7 627 137 70 80 69 61 679 153 66 76 74 74 16 3 1 i 1 6 3 2 1 842 187 96 106 83 68 941 194 86 113 103 95 6,006 1,681 653 649 632 585 5,221 1,586 422 410 494 439 4 2 1 1 1 2 66 years 1 1 1 1 65 to 69 years 34 5 3 3 4 23 18 1 4 3 2 3 i" 1 1 3 1 6 1 4 2 417 ]26 60 61 36 32 443 142 33 68 38 42 6 2 1 6 1 639 132 51 66 55 40 691 171 60 80 57 58 4,200 1,533 277 403 311 365 3,351 1,695 205 315 219 279 t 2 1 2 1 2 1 1 1 70 to 74 years 15 3 3 2 4 2 28 2 1 3 1 5 5 1 295 54 23 24 33 17 313 50 33 19 35 20 3 2 1 344 61 47 24 34 23 416 92 43 32 46 41 2,879 696 269 203 241 186 2,713 793 187 144 199 155 1 1 2 1 Lo„^z!t 2 2 1 1 i' 1 lu years - 76 to 79 years 14 1 7 1 1 1 2 1 3 2 161 29 9 15 11 7 1.67 47 14 27 16 8 1 1 1 189 34 6 19 15 12 254 78 19 35 18 24 1,694 488 92 118 86 96 1,478 720 69 89 65 94 1 1 1 80 to 84 years 2 4 1 71 7 9 6 4 4 112 18 9 11 5 7 1 1 86 24 18 4 2 6 174 24 13 20 10 13 879 169 75 65 44 43 1,027 181 52 61 43 48 1 1 1 1 89 years 85 to 89 years 90 years 91 years 2 1 1 30 3 2 50 16 7 4 1 53 4 80 11 6 3 386 82 14 24 385 154 15 22 ::;;:;;; 93 years 94 years i' 1 i 1 6 2 1 2 2 32 3 3 10 2 2 1 3 28 3 2 2 4 2 10 142 21 13 4 9 9 14 219 49 16 13 23 18 96 years 97 years 98 years 1 i' i' i' i' 2 99 years 1 1 2 1 13 1 1 6 2 524 7 5 378 6 6 122 13 13 174 66 49 1,504 119 99 1,481 95 to 99 years 1 15 3 2 6 29 2 132 NEGROES IN THE UNITED STATES. Table lO.— AGES OF THE NEGRO POPULATION CLASSIFIED BY SEX, BY STATES AND TERRITORIES ARRANGED ALPHABETICALLY: 1900— Continued. All ages . Under 1 month . . 1 to 2 months 3 to 5 months 6 to 8 months 9 to 11 months... Under 1 year . 1 year. . 2 years. 3 years - 4 years. 1 to 4 years . 5 years. 6 years. 7 years. 8 years. 9 years. 5 to 9 years . 10 years. . . 11 years. . . 12 years... IS years... Myears.j. 10 to 14 years . 15 years. 16 years. 17 years., 18 years.. 19 years. . 15 to 19 years . 20 years. 21 years. 22 years. . 23 years.. 24 years. . 20 to 24 years . 25 years. 26 years. 27 years. 28 years. 29 years.. 26 to 29 years . 30 to 34 years . S6 years. 86 years. 87 years. 38 years. 39 years. 35 to 39 years . 40 years. 41 years. 42 years. 43 years. 44 years. 40 to 44 years . 45 years. 46 years. 47 years - 48 years. . 49 years.. Males. 49,988 64 153 225 226 209 877 819 850 931 877 870 923 873 900 882 Fe- males, 911 870 919 935 1,003 1,038 1,073 1,129 1,090 5,333 1,064 1,023 1,023 1,026 917 5,053 80years 1,191 SI years S2years 817 SSyears 717 34years 736 4,155 982 726 664 836 772 ,980 654 662 531 574 3,320 755 477 478 560 617 46,916 76 166 234 182 226 45 to 49 years | 2,787/ 2,282 819 870 871 866 840 913 936 974 965 4,628 994 911 960 953 929 4,737 940 960 954 1,006 1,040 4,900 1,065 903 1,049 1,103 1,089 5,199 1,057 912 956 969 865 1,056 628 658 640 679 3,661 784 643 722 892 402 518 440 478 663 379 411 480 449 OKLAHOMA. Males. 219 237 256 216 244 258 203 239 219 258 198 241 207 227 1,131 241 209 176 192 182 175 144 186 160 164 150 136 137 135 118 132 75 76 122 76 101 104 109 137 62 75 72 77 423 Fe- males. 258 282 267 256 236 262 215 260 221 226 227 227 237 199 211 246 207 1,114 160 181 191 186 961 162 109 122 137 108 163 68 90 100 83 123 101 107 516 149 60 74 69 67 409 115 64 67 72 69 Males. 32 Fe- males. 428 PENNSYLVANIA. Males. 79, 348 150 290 424 341 74 1,342 1,470 1,435 1,431 5,678 1,326 1,310 1,269 1,250 1,236 Fe- males. 77, 497 155 310 473 370 376 1,468 1,485 1,543 1,408 6,391 1,232 1,100 1,203 1,087 1,136 5,758 1,108 1,202 1,274 1,388 1,514 6,486 1,773 1,980 2,084 2,148 2,195 10, 180 2,411 1,924 2,018 2,194 1,895 10, 442 2,665 1,268 1,631 1,374 1,501 8,329 2,116 1,178 1,108 1,393 1,373 5,904 1,364 1,330 1,368 1,277 1,320 6,659 1,242 1,220 1,277 1,239 •1, 301 6,279 1,271 1,898 1,489 1,814 1,983 7,965 2,093 1,900 2,147 2,370 2,488 10,998 2,328 1,984 1,888 1,828 1,608 2,149 1,106 1,289 1,091 1,220 7,168 812 997 777 766 1,195 6« 639 709 696 3,879 6,855 1,615 1,023 1,242 1, 179- 6,047 1,504 621 850 643 673 4,291 944 617 516 668 624 EHODE ISLAND. Males. 4,290 Fe- males. 100 86 109 96 93 112 63 72 60 73 317 106 43 77 46 63 265 314 81 80 71 106 90 130 92 124 110 134 690 115 102 113 92 511 129 57 73 59 73 391 103 69 56 88 98 404 116 58 70 53 61 263 1,303 2,667 3,517 2,964 2,607 12, 958 11, 865 12, 839 12, 052 12, 302 49,058 11,967 12,643 11,865 12, 246 10, 740 59, 461 12, 420 9,230 12, 050 10, 107 10, 382 54, 189 9,607 9,632 8,421 9,927 7,743 45,230 9,870 8,245 7,457 6,203 6, 221 37, 996 7,782 4,766 4,347 4,669 3,333 24, 897 7,721 2,093 3,015 2, 671 3,073 18, 573 6,065 2,636 2, 336 3,200 2,853 17,089 7,010 1,662 2,125 1,588 1,773 14,058 3,927 1,445 1,478 1,912 2,026 SOUTH CAROLINA. Males. 383, 626 Fe- males. 398, 695 1,435 2,562 3,597 3,016 2,651 13, 261 12, 181 12,849 12, 476 12, 472 49, 977 11, 964 13,071 12, 137 12,500 10, 536 60,208 11,813 9,882 10,287 9,718 10,510 8,726 10, 935 8,416 48,305 12, 345 7,232 8,955 7,845 7, 709' 44, 086 10, 061 6,684 4,888 5,198 3,671 29,502 8,674 2,140 3,285 3,023 3,345 20, 467 6,826 2,897 2,539 3,510 3,006 18, 778 8,148 1,362 2,110 1,517 1,746 14,883 4,827 1,479 1,561 2,249 1,985 10, 788 I 12, 101 SOUTH DAKOTA. Males. 25 Fe- males. 193 17 25 19 16 Males. 238, 388 1,132 1,823 1,480 1,432 6,297 5,918 6,369 6,116 6,471 24,874 6,302 6,648 6,362 6, 377 5,949 31,638 6,647 5,442 6.393 5,751 6,675 29,908 5,505 6,755 5,559 5,817 5,016 27,652 5,783 5,089 5,246 4,287 4,497 24,902 5,206 3,951 3,478 3,766 2,728 19, 129 5,109 1,839 2,418 2,198 2,287 13,851 3,984 2,154 1,913 2,392 1,993 12, 436 980 1,346 1,014 1,138 8,301 2,663 1,347 1,224 1,567 1,441 8,242 GENERAL TABLES. 133 Table 10.— AGES OF THE NEGRO POPULATION CLASSIFIED BY SEX, BY STATES AND TERRITORIES ARRANGED ALPHABETICALLY: 1900— Continued. OHIO. OKLAHOMA. OREGON. PENNSYLVANIA. RHODE ISLAND. SOUTH CAROLINA. SOUTH DAKOTA, TENNESSEE. AGE. Males. Fe- males. Males. Fe- males. Males. Fe- males. Males. Fe- males. Males. Fe- males. Males. Fe- males. Males. Fe- males. Males. Fe- males. 50 yeats. 665 375 452 867 404 634 249 332 291 336 170 83 91 86 88 125 46 62 62 56 11 9 4 6 4 4 1 1 5 1,073 403 596 416 424 1,031 330 481 367 335 78 32 46 28 30 104 27 43 34 32 6, 341 1,331 1,838 1,353 1,452 6,199 1,028 1,320 948 1,187 7 3 7 1 3 1 1 i' 4,165 1,401 2,199 1,436 1,606 3,932 867 1,174 912 1,111 50 to 54 yeara 2,263 524 381 307 .304 266 1,842 388 300 228 240 206 518 122 88 62 70 59 350 80 49 38 49 44 34 9 4 2 3 2 11 2 1 3 1 2,911 660 392 306 304 323 2,534 512 315 236 281 288 214 50 82 16 23 23 240 46 40 24 19 26 11,316 2,765 1,319 906 1,020 1,294 10, 682 2,668 1,041 720 1,031 1,111 21 3 3 3 1 4 6 i 10, 796 2, 244 1,592 1,003 1,033 798 7,996 1,799 981 630 772 69 vears 681 55 to 59 years 1,782 461 175 188 198 202 1,362 381 128 181 164 147 401 126 33 62 44 36 260 94 20 25 20 25 20 8 1 i" 3 7 2 2 2 1,884 650 156 186 199 162 1, 632 659 131 171 187' 178 143 49 11 22 13 9 165 00 13 18 11 17 7,304 4,846 791 1,081 981 962 6,671 4,186 390 684 462 679 10 3 i' 5 7 1 1 i' 6,670 2,297 438 684 670 644 4,863 2,468 316 504 445 484 1,224 289 151 160 159 123 1,001 221 127 134 120 106 291 62 43 35 41 .39 184 48 15 18 24 22 8 4 2 2' 1 6 1,243 235 137 129 123 110 1,226 315 132 129 157 125 104 14 7 6 9 5 119 30 4 10 17 13 8,651 2,413 641 594 667 743 6,201 2,068 373 368 531 526 9 3 4,433 1,262 648 608 461 372 4,207 1,311 3 2 1 1 383 1 1 340 376 345 65 to 69 years 70 veara 882 203 89 84 82 72 708 192 54 99 54 74 220 51 10 16 17 25 127 43 9 11 5 5 9 2 4 7 3 1 734 216 46 87 70 51 868 283 58 101 76 71 41 14 2 7 5 3 74 26 9 12 3 9 5,068 1,999 239 386 246 302 3,856 2,061 178 341 200 242 2 1 1 3,161 1,039 209 324 209 223 2,765 1,167 178 258 218 1 2 "■'"""■ 191 630 100 55 43 66 59 473 113 60 33 46 43 119 18 7 10 9 13 73 21 6 9 7 6 6 1 5 470 87 46 37 36 32 589 146 64 46 76 39 31 8 3 4 3 4 69 7 2 7 4 5 3,171 761 216 148 267 247 3,012 893 193 112 180 182 2 2 2,004 632 226 164 146 128 2,007 628 1 172 ■ 146 1 2 1 1 1 165 127 75 to 79 years 323 77 23 45 18 17 295 78 20 28 26 23 67 17 3 1 7 3 49 22 3 1 1 4 4 2 1 237 62 26 23 16 15 371 114 18 30 18 30 22 8 i' 3 2 25 14 7 3 4 3 1,639 633 68 108 54 78 1,560 792 67 76 68 65 2 1,195 309 54 78 66 66 1,238 511 1 66 73 50 56 80 to 84 years 85 years 180 17 18 8 15 6 • 174 27' 15 23 8 11 31 4 2 1 1 1 31 G 4 3 1 141 19 10 11 7 9 210 35 12 18 19 12 14 1 1' i' 31 2 1 2 1 2 941 176 66 45 42 45 1,068 201 49 39 36 47 1 553 92 53 29 42 30 755 162 51 50 86 years 44 89 years 2 1 29 64 6 9 2 84 18 1 3 9 3 16 3 1 66 8 1 4 96 30 2 4 3 1 8 3 i" 364 112 17 15 6 372 181 19 19 14 246 66 9 20 7 326 85 to 89 years 90 years 91 years 92 years 98 18 12 16 93 years 94 years 4 24 5 3 3 3 28 2- 2 1 4 1 C 2' 1 18 1 3 q' 4 44 6. 6 2 1 2 3 7 i' 14 164 28 11 12 5 13 246 34 9 8 18 15 117 23 13 8 4 10 149 95 years 96 years 97 years 34 13 10 12 98 years 99 years 3 2 16 9 313 5 10 19 270 2 3 4 76 3 9 79 2 9 461 2 21 14 335 1 29 1 2 1 33 7 63 62 597 16 84 118 564 8 56 41 1,897 9 78 95 to 99 years 89 100 years and over 4 1 2 1,667 134 NEGROES IN THE UNITED STATES. Table 10 — AGES OF THE NEGRO POPULATION CLASSIFIED BY SEX, BY STATES AND TERRITORIES ARRANGED ALPHABETICALLY: 1900— Continued. AH ages . Under 1 month, tto 2 months... 3 to 6 months... 6 to 8 months... 9 to 11 months. . Under 1 year . 1 year. . 2 years. 3 years. 4 years. 1 to 4 years. 6 years. , 6 years. 7 years., 8 years., 9 years.. 5 to 9 years. 10 years. 11 years. 12 years. 13 years. , 14 years. , 10 to 14 years. 16 years- 16 years. 17 years. 18 years. 19 years- 15 to 19 years. , 20 years. 21 years. 22 years. 23 years. 24 years. 20 to 24 years. 26 years. 26 years. 27 years. 28 years. 29 years. 25 to 29 years.. SO years. 81 years. 82 years. 83 years. , 84 years. , to 34 years. 86 years. 86 years. , 37 years., 88 years., 89 years. , 35 to 39 years. 40 years. 41 years. 42 years. , 43 years., 44 years.. 40 to 44 years. 46 years. 46 years. 47 years. 48 years. 49 years. 46 to 49 years. Males. 310, 135 683 1,638 2,719 2,082 2,039 9; 161 8,758 9,077 9,120 9,260 36, 216 9,242 9,054 8,961 10,259 8,669 Fe- males. 673 1,599 2,673 2,036 1,995 8,976 8,546 9,133 9,400 9,088 46, 185 9,S71 7,518 9,030 7,864 7,883 7,042 6,927 6,481 6,884 6,122 33,456 6,587 6,415 6,719 6,168 6,320 32,199 6,686 5,216 4,864 4,870 3,564 25,188 5,946 2,408 3,079 3,010 3,256 36,166 9,286 9,154 9,135 10, 193 8,541 Males. 46, 309 8,953 7,266 8,820 7,973 8,029 41,041 7,459 7,427 6,781 7,568 6,683 35, 918 8,339 6,028 7,254 6,916 6,899 35,436 7,114 5,414 4,739 4,722 3,493 17, 699 4,718 2,733 2,357 2,818 2,474 16, 095 4,331 1,323 1,604 1,329 1,669 18,156 2,609 2,264 2,393 1,899 26,482 5,868 2,186 3,175 2,974 3,291 17, 494 4,685 2,925 2,484 3,002 2,448 15,544 5,010 1,198 1,843 1,445 1,714 13, 384 11,215 3,363 1,543 1,408 1,854 1,469 9,627 Fe- males. 29 218 20 Males. 28 Fe- males. 372 44 VIRGINIA. Males. 323,469 820 1,611 2,410 2,219 1,992 9,062 8,196 9,360 8,934 9, 121 35, 611 9,494 9,323 8,976 9, 251 8,279 46,323 9,261 7,606 9,314 8,200 8,353 Fe- males. 835 1,776 2,560 2,168 2,018 1,357 8,518 9,284 9, 217 9,293 36, 312 9,796 9,571 9,126 9,333 8,321 14 42,734 8,090 7,097 7,967 6,376 37,559 7,058 6,258 6,406 6,610 6,605 30,937 6,419 4,119 3,920 4,228 3,240 9,355 7,541 9,222 8,355 8,402 42,875 8,260 8,266 7,660 8,134 6,666 WASHINGTON. 38,866 8,402 6,400 7,446 6,789 6,305 21, 926 24, 788 6,588 2,054 2,941 2,631 2,785 16,999 6,513 2,511 2,304 3,160 2,782 16, 270 7,268 1,644 2,492 1,929 2,074 15, 407 4,664 1,637 1,692 2,398 1,970 35, 341 7,803 4,836 4,119 4,639 3,491 7,062 2,197 3, 192 2,964 3,316 18, 731 6,491 2,950 2,642 3,440 3,056 18, 679 7,641 1,553 2,589 1,994 2,094 15,741 4,906 1,752 1,666 2,383 2,062 58 70 • Fe males. 227 182 25 133 32 21 12,361 12,768 100 1 See explanatory notes on page 68 WEST VIKGINIA. Males, 26, 167 90 124 112 114 503 4.55 606 470 470 1,901 464 471 462 445 416 Fe- 18, 332 65 96 363 126 128 678 466 432 477 436 386 435 379 395 448 603 554 733 670 790 949 •802 790 442 454 400 401 403 384 402 459 400 2,048 393 43* 419 439 441 4,220 863 649 564 ■694 468 3,238 301 331 2, 064 517 276 203 291 1,590 460 144 196 140 166 1,106 271 146 112 137 162 518 440 496 448 463 440 388 346 337 283 1,794 168 217 219 213 1,200 314 194 167 216 190 1,081 282 92 152 118 116 760 192 87 87 128 115 818 I 609 WISCONSIN. Males, 18 Fe- males, 92 HI 122 105 1,124 66 106 Males. 136 107 57 54 Fe- males. 108 124 65 26 10 31 21 10 MILITARY AND NAVAL.I Males. 6,365 Fe- males. 2 2 32 114 283 433 475 672 810 710 536 3,203 313 288 248 186 1,428 142 167 1 135 118 i 99 1 104 1 GENERAL TABLES. 135 Table lO — AGES OF THE NEGRO POPULATION CLASSIFIED BY SEX, BY STATES AND TERRITORIES ARRANGED ALPHABETICALLY: 1900— Continued. TEXAS. UTAH. VEKMONT. VIRGINIA. WASHINGTON. WEST VIRGINIA. WISCONSIN. WYOMING. MILITARY AND NAVAL.l Males. Fe- males. Males. Fe- males. Males. Fe- tnales. Males. Fe- males. Males. Fe- males. Males. Fe- [nales. Males. Fe- males. Males. Fe- males. Males. Fe- males. 3,«96 1,087 1,459 1,013 1,108 4,097 790 1,173 841 1,062 6 4 1 2 4 3 1 1 9 3 3 4 3 1 3 5 3' 5,860 1,181 1,918 1,376 1,532 6,306 1,095 1,592 1,140 1,401 27 17 17 19 12 7 4 9 2 7 315 82 123 106 89 237 70 96 97 67 26 23 15 13 12 16 6 8 4 12 6 6 3 2 4 4 1 i' 8 12 7 4 3 1 53 vears 50 to 54 years 66 years 8,663 1,714 1,006 707 747 731 7,963 1,739 891 578 785 637 17 1 4 1 1 1 5 1 3 i' 22 4 7 7 6 3 12 3 1 1 11,867 2,811 1,425 978 1,138 1,061 11, 534 2,783 1,169 882 1,102 1,013 92 9 13 10 4 2 29 4 7 3 1 2 715 148 106 64 83 53 567 99 63 39 62 46 89 10 14 9 10 6 46 8 7 6 6 5 20 4 5 3 6 6 1 i' 1 2 34 3 2 3 2 1 1 67 years 59 years 66 to 59 years 4,906 2,880 519 708 710 651 4,630 2,740 302 456 454 478 8 3 1 2 1 5 i' 27 6 1 2 1 2 6 4 1 1 2' 7,413 4,084 546 784 730 775 6,949 4,465 439 784 690 649 38 12 4 3 4 17 6 2' i 1 454 136 33 55 48 61 308 121 21 48 39 24 49 8 2 1 5 4 31 3 2 2 7 17 8 i' 1 5 3' 11 1 1 1 60 to 64 years 5,468 1,546 494 490 451 366 4,429 1,278 327 308 366 308 7 2 1 12 4 2 2 1 8 3 i' 6,919 2, 106 667 689 704 694 6,877 2,136 426 386 615 498 23 4 1 7 3 13 3 2 1 1 2 323 72 34 27 29 39 263 66 20 33 80 17 20 9 8 3 6 4 14 3 3 10 3 2 4 2 1 1 1 i' 1 8 5 1 65 to 69 years 3,346 1,113 169 300 203 215 2,577 1,301 152 216 189 181 5 2 1 9 1 2 1 1 1 4 3' 2 2' 4,649 1,953 282 446 3.34 381 4,059 2,236 212 327 242 303 15 3 2 1 1 1 9 2 i' 1 201 70 15 22 26 17 166 77 8 16 17 16 30 6 3 2 3 2 19 7 6 1 1 ir i~~~~ 1 5 1 2 Lz ^Xn™ 70 to 74 years 2,000 567 186 118 178 134 2,039 560 140 111 144 126 3 1 6 i' 7 2 3 3,396 994 306 224 260 222 3,320 1,078 221 169 196 178 8 i' 4 1 1 150 31 19 10 10 11 134 46 13 12 9 6 16 5 2 6 16 2 2 1 1 1 i' 3 1 75 to 79 years 1,182 401 59 91 S3 71 1,081 646 59 80 42 53 2 3 2 6 2 1 2,006 715 103 139 86 105 1,831 866 84 94 80 87 1 3 81 12 2 9 4 6 86 29 1 8 6 3 12 6 1 1 2 7 6 1 1 2 3 1 1 1 80 to 84 years 86 years 676 122 60 48 780 187 49 34 2 1 i' 4 1,148 176 42 69 55 1,201 219 61 49 63 3 1 i' 1 32 12 1 2 4 46 6 4 4 2 10 i' 3 2 8 i' 1 2 1 1 89 years 30 296 113 17 12 22 336 155 12 18 1 1 2 44 386 108 14 18 47 439 184 17 17 2 1 1 i' 2 21 4 3 19 3 1 6 1 1 86 to 89 years 90 years 91 years 92 years 7 14 163 27 19 10 12 10 19 16 219 39 16 12 19 11 11 162 25 6 7 13 13 8 244 28 12 16 24 11 1 1 6 2 7 6 1 1 3 98 years i' 78 82 2,983 96 144 3,086 64 42 1,229 91 89 1,126 6 4 210 95 to 99 years 1 29 1 10 3 555 100 years and over 4 4 4 2 23 6 1 133 1 I See explanatory notes on page S 136 NEGROES IN THE UNITED S-TATES. Table 11.— NEGRO PERSONS OF SCHOOL, MILITIA, AND VOTING AGES, BY STATES AND TERRITORIES ARRANGED GEOGRAPHICALLY: 1900. 6 TO 17 YEARS OF AGE, INCLUSIVE. 18 TO 20 YEARS OF AGE, IN- CLUSIVE. 5 TO 20 YEARS OF AGE, INCLU- SIVE. Males 18 to 44 years of elusive. MALES 21 YEARS OF AGE AND OVER. STATE OR TEKRITORY. Total. Males. Fe- males. Total. Males. Fe- males. Total. Males. Fe- males. Total. Illiterates. Number. Per cent. United States ^ 2,885,546 1,436,934 1,448,612 614,648 286,796 328,862 3,500,194 1,722,730 1,777,464 1,686,323 2,065,989 977,049 47.3 Continental United States' 2,885,442 1,436,859 1,448,683 613, 745 284,899 328,846 3, 499, 187 1,721,768 1,777,429 1,680,052 2,060,302 976, 610 47.4 North Atlantic division 77,463 36,809 40,664 26,469 11,392 15,067 103,922 48,201 65,721 103,688 123,328 18,808 15.3 New England 11,821 5,681 6,240 3,646 1,586 2,060 15,467 7,167 8,300 14,770 18,761 2.291 12 2 295 120 195 6,098 1,831 3,282 65,642 134 62 96 2,828 883 1,579 31,228 161 58 100 3,270 948 1,703 34,414 74 62 60 1,898 572 990 22,813 38 16 34 874 246 379 9,806 36 37 26 1,024 326 611 13,007 369 172 255 7,996 2,403 4,272 88,455 172 77 129 3,702 1,129 1,958 41,034 197 95 126 4,294 1,274 2,314 47,421 294 160 204 8,523 2,142 3,447 88,818 446 230 289 10,466 2,765 4,576 104,567 77 34 57 1,100 425 598 16,517 17 3 Vermont 19 7 Connecticut 13 1 Southern North Atlantic . 15.8 New Yorl£ 18,037 14,776 32,829 1,260,613 8,429 7,066 15,733 625, 713 9,608 7,710 17,096 634,900 7,439 4,809 10,665 262,818 3,086 2,046 4,676 122, 213 4,353 2,764 5,890 140, 606 26,476 19,585 43,394 1,623,431 11, 515 9,111 20,408 747,926 13,961 10,474 22,986 775,606 26,858 17,658 44,302 669,921 31,425 21,474 61,668 817,224 3.641 3,925 9.061 417,400 U.3 18 3 New Jersey Pennsylvania . . . . 17.5 61.1 South Atlantic division Northern South Atlantic - . 333,327 164,810 168,517 72,299 34,328 37,971 405,626 199,138 206,438 202,538 262,760 116,412 46.1 8,885 69,199 19,642 224, 369 11,232 927,286 4,467 34,154 9,122 HI, 283 5,784 460,903 4,418 36,045 10,520 113,086 5,448 466,383 1,964 15,747 6,404 44,593 3,691 190,619 998 7,198 2,548 21,391 2,193 87,885 966 8,549 3,856 23,202 1,398 102,634 10,849 84,946 26,046 268,962 14,823 1,117,806 5,465 41,352 11,670 132,674 7,977 648,788 6,384 43,594 14,376 136,288 6,846 569,017 6,622 47,746 18,677 116,872 13,621 467,383 8,374 60,406 23,072 146,122 14,786 564,464 3,578 24,462 6,024 76,764 5,584 300,988 42.7 40.5 26.1 62.5 37.8 53.3 District of Columbia Virginia . . . West Virginia Southern South Atlantic... 216,808 283, 165 356,667 70,646 127,039 107, 949 141,210 176,901 34,843 62, 810 108,859 141,955 179,766 35,803 64,229 43,947 69,236 71,074 16,262 32,499 20,237 27,540 32,036 8,072 15,805 23,710 31,696 39,038 8,190 16,694 260,755 342,401 427,741 86,908 169,638 128,186 168,760 208,937 42,915 78,616 132,569 173,661 218,804 43,993 80,923 98,691 130,283 184,863 53,546 123,064 127,114 162,860 223,073 61,417 156,701 67,489 83,618 125,710 24,171 38,652 53.1 54.7 56.4 39.4 24.8 Florida North Central division Eastern North Central 61,692 30,300 ■ 31,392 16,214 7,957 8,267 77,906 38,267 39,649 67,013 85,382 18,260 21.4 Ohio 23,867 14,625 18,866 3,853 491 65,347 11,638 7,213 9,307 1,902 240 32, 510 12,219 7,412 9,559 1,951 251 32,837 5,947 3,764 5,372 961 170 16,285 2,846 1,798 2,747 485 81 7,848 3,101 1,966 2,625 476 89 8,437 29,804 18,389 24,238 4,814 661 81,632 14,484 9,011 12,064 2,387 321 40,358 15,320 9,378 12,184 2,427 340 41,274 23,684 14,147 24,671 3,766 746 56,061 31,235 18,186 29,762 6,193 1,006 70,319 6,813 5,042 5,551 726 128 20,392 21.8 27.7 18.7 14.0 12.7 29.0 -Indiana Illinois Western North Central Minnesota . 809 3, 123 44,582 75 108 1,317 15,333 1,414,656 390 1,566 22,194 36 54 621 7,649' 708,695 419 1,557 22,388 39 54 696 7,684 705,861 254 789 11,185 22 26 464 3,545 290,260 124 389 5,345 12 16 232 1,730 134,547 130 400 5,840 10 10 232 1,815 155,703 1,063 3,912 65,767 97 134 1,781 18, 878 1,704,806 614 1,956 27,539 48 70 853 9,379 843, 242 549 1,957 28,228 49 64 928 9,499 861,664 1,772 3,373 37,949 93 137 2,010 10,717 773,682 2,168 4,441 46,418 115 184 2,298 14,695 951,724 150 976 14,829 19 30 267 4,122 500,093 6.9 22.0 31.9 16.5 16.3 11.6 North Dakota South Dakota Nebraska Kansas South Central division 52.5 Eastern South Central 837,883 421, 413 416, 470 175,457 81, 312 94,145 1,013,340 602,725 510, 615 467,976 566,371 303,714 53.6 Kentucky 85,111 166,068 281,282 315, 422 676,673 42,382 78,365 141,526 159, 141 287,282 42,729 77,703 139,767 156, 281 289,391 19,401 34,857 57, 698 63,601 114,793 9,161 16,616 26,607 28,928 53,235 10,240 18,241 31,091 34,573 61,568 104,512 190,926 338,980 378,923 691,466 51,543 94,981 168,132 188,069 340,517 62,969 96,944 170,848 190,854 350,949 59,635 89,462 141,828 167,061 315,706 74,728 112,236 181,471 197,936 385,353 36,990 53,396 107,997 106,331 196,379 Tennessee . . 49.5 47.6 69.5 Western South Central 53.2 51.0 Louisiana 217,886 123,223 12,386 5,871 217, 308 6,771 108,748 61, 165 6,168 2,920 108,291 2,832 109,138 62,058 6,227 2,951 109,017 2,939 43,567 26,311 2,497 1,235 42,183 1,719 20,256 11,603 1,284 549 19,593 942 23,311 13,708 1,263 686 22,690 777 261,453 148,634 14,882 7,106 259,491 7,490 129,004 72,768 7,392 3,469 127,884 3,774 132,449 76, 766 7,490 3,637 131,607 3,716 122,381 69,055 7,640 3,287 113,343 9,797 147,348 87,157 9,146 4,827 136,875 12,326 90,262 39,064 3,776 1,543 61,744 1,667 61.3 Indian Territorv . . 44.8 Oklahoma . . . ' 41.3 32.0 Western division 46.1 13.4 Rocky Mountain 2,281 1,079 1,202 736 386 351 3,017 1,464 1,563 4,264 6,312 770 14.5 Montana Idaho 224 65 137 1,587 278 336 113 20 67 747 132 168 111 35 70 840 146 168 65 14 78 456 123 183 36 12 48 220 69 145 29 2 30 236 64 38 289 69 215 2,048 401 519 149 32 116 967 201 313 140 37 100 1,076 200 206 567 104 449 2,601 663 1,411 711 130 481 3,216 775 1,612 74 20 102 448 126 163 10.4 15.4 21.2 13.9 16.8 10.1 Arizona Utah 231 90 15 3,154 114 45 9 1,685 117 45 6 1,569 134 46 3 800 112 32 1 412 22 14 2 388 365 136 18 3,954 226 77 10 1,997 139 69 8 1,957 1,047 327 37 4,122 1,084 368 70 6,501 120 17 16 734 11.1 Nevada 4.7 22.9 13.3 380 157 2,617 198 80 1,307 182 77 1,310 148 44 608 10 18 876 92 18 302 10 15 872 56 26 306 628 201 3,225 10 79 918 290 98 1,609 10 60 912 238 103 1.616 1,009 465 2,658 141 66 6,064 1,230 560 3,711 141 93 6,453 141 53 540 6 29 404 11 5 9 6 Alaska 14.6 Hawaii 61 43 35 40 26 3 3 3 29 6 4.3 31.2 7.4 1 See expla natory n otes on paj 'e99. —1 . GENERAL TABLES. 137 Table 12.— NEGRO PERSONS ATTENDING SCHOOL DURING THE CENSUS YEAR CLASSIFIED BY SEX AND AGE PERIODS, BY STATES AND TERRITORIES ARRANGED GEOGRAPHICALLY: 1900. STATE OR TERRITORY. AGGEEGATE. UNDER 5 YEARS. .1 TO 9 YEARS. Total. Males. Females. Total. Males. Females. Total. Males. Females. United States 1 1,096,774 510,007 586, 767 2,634 1,333 1,201 284,800 139, 210 146,690 1,096,734 509, 984 686, 750 2,534 1,833 1,201 284,784 139,201 145,683 North Atlantic division 46,383 22, 046 24,337 292 154 138 16,330 7,877 8,463 7,967 3,829 4,138 83 48 35 2,832 1,367 1,465 Maine 194 79 123 4,256 1,253 2,062 38,416 90 43 58 2,015 593 1,030 18,217 104 36 65 2,241 660 1,032 20,199 2 1 1 66 24 40 1,511 434 757 13,498 33 11 13 722 224 364 6,510 33 New Hampshire 13 Vermont 1 52 11 17 209 1 23 5 ' 6 103 27 29 6 12 106 789 Rhode Island 210 393 Southern North Atlantic 6,988 New York .... 10,590 8,253 19,573 460,152 4,983 3,977 9,307 210,973 6,657 4,276 10,266 249,179 82 30 97 916 38 15 53 460 44 16 44 465 3,682 2,918 6,898 120,976 1,753 1,436 3,321 59,095 1,929 1,482 Pennsylvania 3,577 61,881 South Atlantic division Northern South Atlantic 139,685 63,829 75,756 311 160 151 36,359 17,662 18, 697 3,883 29,858 11,368 88,726 5,750 320,567 1,945 14,136 4,968 40,000 2,780 147,144 1,938 15,722 6,400 48,726 2,970 173,423 13 70 48 167 13 604 8 37 17 89 9 300 6 33 31 78 4 304 1,153 8,820 2,841 21,900 1,645 84,617 585 4,309 1,313 10, 612 843 41,433 668 Maryland 4,511 District of Columbia 1,528 11,288 West Virginia. . . 802 Southern South Atlantic 43, 184 91,392 87,401 110,586 31,188 79,827 42, 449 40,525 49, 611 14,559 37,933 48,943 46,876 60,975 16,629 41,894 109 196 228 71 218 64 96 107 43 143 55 100 121 28 75 21, 406 21,288 33,070 8,854 23,560 10, 594 10,391 16, 166 4,282 11,444 10, 811 10, 897 Georgia , 16,904 4,572 North Central division 12, 116 Eastern North Central 40,790 19,433 21,357 77 35 42 12,521 6,031 6,490 16,390 9,829 11,518 2,711 342 39,037 7,874 4,691 5,372 1,338 168 18,500 8,516 6,138 6,146 1,373 184 20,637 23 17 25 10 2 141 13 7 7 7 1 108 10 10 18 3 1 33 5,040 3,027 3,622 834 98 11,039 2,398 1,467 1,710 408 48 5,413 2,642 1,660 1,812 426 50 5,626 594 2,096 24,790 48 73 928 10,508 506, 505 279 971 11,693 25 29 426 5,077 237, 209 315 1.125 13,097 23 44 602 5,431 269, 296 1 6 38 1 4 18 213 686 7,008 10 25 312 2,785 122,627 97 329 3,441 6 11 139 1,390 60,149 116 2 20 367 3,567 ■ North Dakota 4 14 4 92 1,097 2 84 569 2 8 528 173 1,395 62, 478 309, 045 144, 246 164, 799 800 402 398 78,224 38,468 39,766 Kentucky 41,537 63, 109 78,549 125,850 197,460 19,355 29,290 35,968 69,643 92,963 22,182 33,819 42,591 66,207 104,497 34 74 111 581 297 26 42 54 280 167 8 32 57 301 130 9,785 15,396 16,274 36,770 44,403 4,808 7,567 7,987 18, 106 21,691 4,977 7,838 Alabama 8,287 18,664 Western South Central 22,712 48,696 60,372 3,208 3,551 91, 633 3,807 23,079 23,675 1,443 1,729 43,037 1,823 26,617 26, 697 1,765 1,822 48,696 2,044 103 89 10 11 84 12 63 52 6 6 41 7 40 37 5 6 43 6 12, 792 12,716 763 794 17,339 1,291 6,420 6,162 361 397 8,361 636 6,372 6,663 Indian Territory 4H 397 Texas 8,978 Western division 655 1,527 687 840 5 2 3 478 229 249 156 36 88 1,074 173 205 69 13 44 488 ,73 102 87 23 44 586 100 103 53 12 31 332 50 63 25 6 21 153 24 31 28 6 10 6 '2 3 179 26 Basin and Plateau 1 1 32 147 51 7 2,136 76 23 3 1,034 71 28 4 1,101 44 16 3 750 23 6 2 376 21 1 1 10 1 6 4 2 374 274 101 1,760 144 51 839 130 50 921 1 1 100 26 624 ie' 48 16 313 9' 52 11 5 3 2 SU Alaska 7 Hawaii Military and naval > 3 2 1 1 See explanatory notes on page i 138 NEGROES IN THE UNITED STATES. Table 12.— NEGRO PERSONS ATTENDING SCHOOL DURING THE CENSUS YEAR CLASSIFIED BY SEX AND AGE PERIODS, BY STATES AND TERRITORIES ARRANGED GEOGRAPHICALLY: 1900— Continued. 10 TO 14 YEARS. 16 TO 20 YEARS. 21 YEARS AND OVER. Total. Males. Females. Total. Males. Females. Total. Males. Females. United States 1 587, 583 277,846 309,737 211,173 86,066 125,107 10,684 5,552 5,132 587,560 277,832 309, 728 211, 172 86,066 125,106 10,684 5,552 5,132 North Atlantic division 23,009 10,980 12,029 6,266 2,682 3,574 496 353 143 3,785 1,818 1,967 1,174 531 643 93 65 28 88 39 62 1,966 611 1,019 19,224 37 21 35 924 292 509 9,162 51 18 27 1,042 319 510 10,062 33 14 20 662 188 267 6,082 18 9 10 291 66 137 2,151 15 5 10 371 122 120 2,931 5 2 1 2 4 New Hampshire Vermont 65 9 12 403 49 5 8 288 16 4 4 115 Connecticut New York 6,356 4,141 9,727 246,917 2,520 1,983 4,654 115,126 2,836 2,153 5,073 131,791 1,374 1,098 2,610 87,012 562 600 1,089 34,146 812 598 1,521 52,867 96 66 241 4,332 60 38 190 2,147 36 28 61 2,185 New Jersey South Atlantic division 76,552 35,563 40,989 24,982 9,702 15,280 1,381 742 639 2,121 16,857 5,878 48, 938 2,758 170,365 1,042 8,008 2,666 22,511 1,337 79,663 1,079 8,849 3,213 26, 427 1,421 90,802 669 3,851 2,444 16,891 1,227 62,030 294 1,661 865 6,355 627 24,443 275 2,190 1,579 10,536 700 37,587 27 260 167 830 107 2,961 16 121 108 433 64 1,406 11 District of Columbia 49 Virginia -. . . 43 1,646 Southern South Atlantic 44, 783 47,853 61,290 16,439 40,144 21,280 22, 666 27,727 7,890 19,363 23, 603 26,187 33,563 8,549 20, 781 24,013 17, 182 15,255 5,580 16,024 10,033 6,994 5,198 2,218 6,600 13, 980 10,188 10,057 3,362 8,524 1,082 882 743 244 881 488 378 413 126 483 594 604 South Carolina Georgia Florida 20,445 9,886 10,569 7,238 3,197 4,041 509 284 Ohio 8,145 5,025 5,759 1,355 161 19, 699 3,967 2,464 2,721 665 69 9,477 4,178 2,661 3,038 690 92 10,222 2,905 1,701 2,089 472 71 7,786 1,343 730 866 236 33 3,303 1,662 971 1,234 236 38 4,483 277 59 123 40 10 372 153 23 79 22 7 199 36 Michigan 44 Wisconsin 8 173 241 991 12,697 30 33 412 5,295 276,631 115 486 6,028 17 10 191 2,630 131,473 126 505 6,669 13 23 221 2,665 144,158 129 391 4,817 8 15 194 2,232 102, 202 62 143 2,077 2 8 90 921 42,462 67 248 2,740 6 7 104 1,311 59,740 10 22 230 5 11 127 Iowa 5 Missouri 11 North Dakota -. 103 Kansas 6 104 4,948 4 52 2,556 2 52 2,392 162,205 76,840 • 85,366 64,565 26,864 37,701 3,251 1,682 1,669 Tennessee 22,694 33, 522 43,810 62,279 113,426 10, 763 16, 877 20, 343 29,857 64,633 11,831 17,645 23,467 32,422 58,793 8,782 13, 402 17,323 26,058 37, 637 3,677 6,426 7,019 10,842 15,598 6,205 7,976 10,304 14,216 22,039 342 716 1,031 1,162 1,697 181 388 655 558 874 161 Alabama 328 MiBBisaippi 476 Western South Central 604 823 28,751 25,419 1,663 1,726 65,867 1,859 13,741 12,211 770 855 27,056 890 15,010 13,208 893 871 28,811 969 6,708 11,693 714 971 17,651 678 2,691 6,016 282 444 7,165 ■ 277 4,017 6,677 432 627 10,386 401 342 456 58 49 792 27 164 234 35 27 414 13 178 222 Oklahoma 23 Texas 22 378 14 Rocky Mountain 733 340 393 298 112 186 13 4 9 77 17 39 513 87 99 33 7 19 249 32 49 44 10 20 264 55 60 26 7 17 214 36 38 11 14 7 14 132 19 19 1 1 3 82 16 19 1 10 1 4 1 2 1 2 8 ^ 2 Utah .;;."■ 22 3 1,027 39 9 1 501 35 13 2 626 27 10 1 342 14 5 13 5 1 196 2 2 2 Nevada 2 PaciiSo 146 10 7 3 60 837 26' 3 74 28 399 i2' 2 66 32 438 '"'i' 1 41 15 286 i' 19 8 119 22 7 167 i' 2 2 Alaska Hawaii Military and naval i 8 6 8 IS ee explanat ory notes on page 99. GENERAL TABLES. 139 Table 13.— NEGRO PERSONS ATTENDING SCHOOL DURING THE CENSUS YEAR, CLASSIFIED BY SEX, AGE PERIODS, AND MONTHS OF SCHOOL ATTENDANCE, BY GEOGRAPHIC DIVISIONS AND BY STATES AND TER- RITORIES ARRANGED ALPHABETICALLY: 1900. [No negro persons in Alaska reported as attending school.] GEOGRAPHIC DIVISION, STATE OR TER- ALL PERSONS. UNDER 10 YEARS. 10 ro 14 YEARS. 15 YEARS AND OVER. ATTENDANCE. Total. Males. Females. Total. Males. Females. Total. Males. Females. Total. Males. Females. United States > 1,096,774 610, 007 686, 767 287, 334 140,643 146,791 587,683 277,846 309,737 221,857 91,618 130, 239 1 month or less .56,486 329, 310 296,269 414, 719 1,096,734 28,628 158, 178 336,028 187, 173 609,984 27, 858 171,132 160,231 227,546 586,750 16,496 83,294 76,723 110,821 287,318 8,220 41,113 37,810 63,400 140,634 8,276 42, 181 38,913 57,421 146,784 26,984 173,004 162,865 225, 730 687, 560 13, 318 84,521 76,034 103,973 277,832 12, 666 88,483 86,831 121,767 309,728 14,006 73,012 66,671 78, 168 221,856 7,090 32, 644 22,184 29, 800 91,618 6,916 40,468 4 to 5 months 34,487 48,368 130, 238 66,486 329,310 296,269 414,680 46,383 28,627 168, 178 136,028 187, 161 22,046 27,868 171,132 160,231 227, 529 24,337 16,496 83, 294 76,723 110, 805 16,622 8,220 41,113 37, 810 53,391 8,031 8,276 42,181 38,913 67,414 8,591 25, 983 173,004 162,866 225, 708 23,009 13,317 84, 521 76,034 103,960 10,980 12,666 88,483. 86,831 121,748 12,029 14,006 73,012 66,671 78, 167 6,752 7,090 32,644 22,184 29, 800 3,036 6,916 40, 468 34,487 48,867 3,717 246 1,116 1,698 43,323 7,967 117 586 844 20,499 3,829 129 630 864 22, 824 4,138 131 647 661 15,283 2,916 62 263 318 7,388 1,415 69 284 343 7,895 1,600 72 402 763 21,772 3,786 38 211 386 10,345 1,818 34 191 377 11,427 1,967 43 167 274 6,268 1,267 17 112 140 2,766 596 26 66 134 3,502 671 30 120 192 7,625 38,416 11 61 91 3,666 18, 217 19 59 101 3,959 20, 199 20 62 82 2,761 13,707 9 25 42 1,339 6,616 11 37 40 1,412 7,091 6 36 82 3,662 19,224 1 21 35 1,761 9,162 5 14 47 1,901 10,062 4 23 28 1,212 5,485 1 15 14 566 2,439 3 2 to 3 months 8 14 646 Southern North Atlantic 3,046 216 996 1,606 35,698 460,162 106 625 763 16,833 210, 973 110 471 753 18,865 249, 179 111 485 579 12,632 121,891 63 238 276 6,049 69,665 58 247 303 6,483 62,336 66 367 681 18,110 246,917 37 190 351 8,584 115,126 29 177 330 9,526 131,791 39 144 246 5,056 91,344 16 97 126 2,200 36, 292 23 47 120 2,866 South Atlantic division 55,052 25,525 143, 778 136,522 164,327 139,686 12, 717 68,413 61,763 68,080 63,829 12,808 76, 365 74,769 86, 247 76, 756 7,681 37, 726 36,673 39,911 36,670 3,801 18,644 17,970 19, 140 17,822 3,880 19,082 18, 603 20,771 18,848 11,714 74,967 75,063 86,173 76,552 5,870 36,365 34,568 38,333 36,663 5,844 38,602 40,606 46, 840 40, 989 6,130 31,085 24,886 29,243 26,363 3,046 13,404 9,236 10, 607 10,444 3,084 17,681 15, 651 18, 636 Northern South Atlantic 15,919 2.669 14,933 44,607 77,476 320,567 1,277 7,432 20,431 34,689 147,144 1.292 7,601 24,176 42, 787 173, 423 875 4,267 11,413 20,115 86,221 420 2,101 6,635 9,666 41,733 455 2,166 5,778 10,449 43,488 1,123 7,447 24,632 43,450 170,366 674 3,724 11,496 19,769 79,663 549 3,723 13,036 23,681 90,802 571 3,219 8,662 13,911 64,981 283 1,607 3,300 5,264 25,848 288 1,612 Southern South Atlantic 39,133 22,966 128,845 91,916 76,851 79,827 11,440 60,981 41,332 33,391 37,933 11,616 67,864 60,583 43, 460 41,894 6,806 33,459 25,160 19,796 23,778 3,381 16, 543 12,335 9,474 11,687 3,425 16,916 12, 825 10,322 12,191 10,691 67,520 60,531 41,723 40,144 5,296 32,641 23,062 18,564 19,363 5,296 34,879 27,469 23, 159 20,781 6,669 27,866 16,224 16,332 15,905 2,763 11,797 6,935 6,363 6,983 2,796 9,979 North Central division 8,922 942 4,749 6,800 67,336 40,790 616 2,407 3,470 31,540 19,433 426 2,342 3,330 35, 796 21,357 362 1,669 1,985 19,762 12,698 199 811 982 9,695 6,066 163 858 1,003 10,167 6,632 336 1,981 3,205 34,622 20,445 187 983 1,663 16,540 9,886 149 998 1,652 18,082 10,559 244 1,099 1,610 12,952 7,747 130 613 835 5,406 3,481 114 486 775 7,647 Eastern North Central 4,266 322 1,760 2,617 36, 091 39,037 167 864 1,365 17,047 18,500 ■ 165 896 1,262 19,044 20,537 125 707 832 10, 934 11,180 68 331 417 5,260 5,621 67 376 415 5,674 5,669 119 679 1,167 18,480 19,699 63 319 621 8,883 9,477 66 360 546 9,597 10,222 78 374 618 6,677 8,158 36 214 327 2,904 3,502 42 160 291 3,773 Western North Central 4,656 620 2,989 4,183 31,245 606, 505 359 1,643 2,105 14,493 237,209 261 1,446 2,078 16, 752 269,296 237 962 1,153 8,828 123,724 141 480 565 4,335 60,718 96 482 688 4,493 63,006 217 1,302 2,038 16,142 276,631 124 664 1,032 7,657 131,473 93 638 1,006 8,485 144,158 166 725 992 6,276 107,150 94 399 508 2,501 45,018 72 326 484 3,774 South Central division 62,132 29,748 179,547 161,087 146,123 309, 046 15,267 86,709 69, 867 65,366 144,246 14,481 92,838 81,220 80,757 164,799 8,312 43,306 37,446 34,660 79, 024 4,162 21,374 18,506 16, 686 38, 860 4,160 21,932 18,940 17,974 40,164 13,854 95,610 83,774 82,393 162,206 7,219 46,938 39,404 37,912 76,840 6,635 48, 672 44,370 44,481 85,365 7,682 40,631 29,867 29,070 67,816 3,896 18,397 11,957 10,768 28,546 3,686 22,234 17,910 18,302 Eastern South Central 39,270 19,641 106,917 102,196 80,291 197,460 10,077 51,738 46,979 35,462 92, 963 9,664 65,179 55,217 44,839 104, 497 5,696 26,360 27,160 19, 918 44,700 2,797 13,045 13,362 9,666 21,858 2,799 13,305 13,798 10,262 22,842 8,917 65,306 64,630 43, 462 113,426 4,636 27,141 25,416 19,648 54,633 4,282 28,165 29,114 23,804 68,793 5,128 25,261 20,606 16,921 39,334 2,645 11,562 8,201 6,148 16, 472 2,483 13,709 12,305 10,773 Western South Central 22,862 10,107 72,630 48,891 66,832 6,190 34,971 22,888 29, 914 4,917 37,659 26,003 35, 918 2,716 16,966 10,286 14,742 1,355 8,329 5,144 7,030 1,361 8,627 5,142 7,712 4,937 40,304 29,244 38,941 2,584 19,797 13,988 18,264 2,353 20,507 15,266 20,677 2,464 16,370 9,361 12,149 1,261 6,845 3,766 4,620 1,203 8,525 6,005 7,629 6 months or more 1 See explanatory notes on page f 140 NEGROES IN THE UNITED STATES. Table 13.— NEGRO PERSONS ATTENDING SCHOOL DURING THE CENSUS YEAR, CLASSIFIED BY SEX, AGE PERIODS, AND MONTHS OF SCHOOL ATTENDANCE, BY GEOGRAPHIC DIVISIONS AND BY STATES AND TER- RITORIES ARRANGED ALPHABETICALLY: 1900— Continued. GEOGRAPHIC DIVISION, STATE OB TER- ALL PERSONS. UNDER 10 YEARS. 10 TO 14 YEARS. 15 YEARS AND OVER. ATTENDANCE. Total. Males. Females. Total. Males. Females. Total. Males. Females. Total. Males. Females. Western division 3,867 1.823 2,044 1,303 643 660 1,859 890 969 705 290 415 24 120 152 3,571 1,527 10 63 84 1,666 687 14 57 68 1,906 840 10 46 68 1,189 483 6 21 34 582 231 4 26 24 607 252 7 44 60 1,748 733 3 24 33 830 340 4 20 27 918 393 7 30 34 634 311 1 18 17 254 116 6 12 17 380 Rocky Mountain 195 1 month or less . 16 59 66 1,396 205 1 12 24 168 2,136 7 30 23 627 102 9 29 33 769 103 5 19 20 439 64 3 8 7 213 32 2 11 13 226 32 6 20 24 683 99 3 10 11 316 49 3 10 13 367 50 5 20 12 274 42 1 12 8 98 21 4 8 7 176 Basin and Plateau 21 1 month or less 1 7 11 84 1,101 1 5 9 84 1,027 1 3 4 42 626 2 to 3 months . 5 13 84 1,034 5 10 49 756 2 6 24 380 3 4 25 376 2 6 42 601 2 5 36 352 1 2 18 163 1 Pacific 199 1 month or less 7 49 72 2,007 78,549 3 28 48 956 35,968 4 21 24 1,062 42,591 5 22 28 701 16,385 3 11 21 345 8,041 2 11 7 366 8,344 2 8 17 325 18,354 2 2 to 3 months 4 to 6 months 19 27 981 43,810 12 17 472 20,343 7 10 609 23,467 5 10 138 7,574 3 7 187 10,780 6 mouths or more Alabama 1 month or less 5,807 36, 692 16,968 19,092 147 2,980 17,098 7,639 8,241 76 2,827 19,594 9,319 10,851 71 1,240 7,238 3,698 4,209 44 633 3,572 1,837 1,999 23 607 3, 666 1,861 2,210 21 2,973 20, 630 9,581 10,626 74 1,641 9,747 4,346 4,710 39 1,432 10,883 5,236 5,916 35 1,594 8,824 3,679 4,257 29 806 3,779 1,457 1,532 14 788 5,045 2,222 2,725 15 2 to 3 mouths 1 month or less 2 to 3 months 8 22 117 50,372 4 12 60 23, 675 4 10 57 26, 697 3 10 31 12,804 1 6 16 6,214 2 4 15 6,590 4 8 62 25,419 2 6 32 12,211 2 3 30 13,208 1 4 24 12,149 1 1 12 5,250 4 to 6 months 6 months or more Arkflnmifl 6,899 4,394 28,688 8,132 9,158 1,760 2,216 13,680 3,832 3,947 839 2,178 15,008 4,300 6,211 921 1,274 7,022 2,136 2,373 629 639 3,435 1,058 1,082 316 635 3,687 1,077 1,291 313 1,945 14,667 4,110 4,797 837 997 7,049 2,012 2,153 399 948 7,518 2,098 2,644 438 1,175 7,099 1,887 1,988 294 580 3,196 762 712 124 595 4 to 6 months 3,903 6 months or more ; California 1,276 170 1 month or less 4 30 52 1,074 1,074 1 17 35 786 488 3 13 17 888 686 2 17 18 692 337 1 9 15 291 155 1 8 3 301 182 2 3 16 273 224 2 2 4 to 5 months 10 18 809 613 7 11 381 249 3 7 428 264 1 9 114 84 7 169 140 8 25 35 1,006 2,062 S 14 14 457 1,030 6 11 21 549 1,032 2 11 14 310 774 1 4 5 145 376 1 7 9 165 398 4 6 13 490 1,019 1 4 7 237 609 3 2 6 263 610 2 8 8 206 269 1 6 2 75 146 1 2 6 months or more 6 131 124 42 62 1,960 3,883 17 23 987 1,945 26 29 973 1,938 23 21 723 1,166 3 6 11 356 593 4 17 10 367 673 12' 25 982 2,121 6' 10- 493 1,042 6 16 489 1,079 1 7 6 265 596 5' 2 138 310 1 2 6 months or more 4 Delaware . .■. 117 286 1 month or less 2 to 3 months 68 1 618 599 2,698 11,368 34 276 316 1,320 4,963 34 242 284 1,378 6,400 37 163 179 797 2,889 19 67 94 413 1,330 18 86 85 384 1,559 17 266 315 1,633 6,878 8 126 167 741 2,665 9 130 148 792 3,213 14 109 105 368 2,601 7 83 64 166 973 7 4 to 5 months 26 51 202 1,628 1 month or less 2 to 3 months 40 119 258 10,951 31,188 21 65 137 4,745 14,559 19 54 121 6,206 16,629 13 60 111 2,715 8,926 9 30 61 1,230 4,325 4 20 50 1,486 4,600 18 41 106 5,713 16,439 9 23 59 2,574 7,890 9 18 47 3,139 8,549 9 28 41 2,523 5,824 8 12 17 941 2,344 6 16 24 1,582 4to5months Florida 3,480 931 6,838 14,996 8,423 110,586 458 3,296 7,048 3,767 49,611 473 3,642 7,948 4,666 60,976 291 1,946 4,501 2,187 33,298 143 966 2,182 1,044 16,273 148 990 2,819 1,143 17,025 403 3,469 8,009 4,558 61,290 207 1,691 3,858 2,134 27,727 196 1,778 4,161 2,424 33,563 237 1,423 2,486 1,678 15,998 108 649 1,008 579 5,611 129 774 1,478 1,099 4 to 6 months 6 months or more Georgia 10,387 2 to 3 months 7,013 36,491 32,917 34,166 3,508 16,856 14,414 14,833 3,505 19,635 18,503 19,332 2,463 11,708 10,134 8,993 1,233 5,782 4,908 4,350 1,230 5,926 5,226 4,643 1 3,401 19,876 18,834 19,180 1 1,731 9,302 8,290 8,404 1,670 10,573 10,544 10,776 1,149 4,908 3,949 5,992 1 544 1,772 1,216 2,079 4 to 6 months 2,73s 3,913 GENERAL TABLES. 141 Table 13 — NEGRO PERSONS ATTENDING SCHOOL DURING THE CENSUS YEAR, CLASSIFIED BY SEX, AGE PERIODS, AND MONTHS OF SCHOOL ATTENDANCE, BY GEOGRAPHIC DIVISIONS AND BY STATES AND TER- RITORIES ARRANGED ALPHABETICALLY: 1900— Continued. GEOGRAPHIC DIVISION, STATE OR TER- RITORY, AND MONTHS OF SCHOOL ATTENDANCE. ALL PEBSONS. UNDER 10 YEARS. 10 rO 14 YEARS. IS YEARS AND OVER. Total. Males. Females. Total. Males. Females. Total. Males. Females. Total. Males. Females. Hawaii 37 21 16 16 9 7 20 12 8 1 1 1 month or less : . . . 2 to 3 months 4 to 5 months 6 months or more 37 36 21 13 16 23 16 12 9 6 7 6 20 17 12 7 8 10 1 7 1 Idaho 1 1 month or less 2 to 3 months 7 1 28 11, 518 3 4 1 18 6,146 2 2 3 3 2 1 4 2,212 2 6 months or more 10 5,372 10 3,547 6 1,717 4 1,830 14 5,759 4 2,721 10 3,038 4 Illinois 934 1,278 120 695 938 9,765 3,208 59 343 475 4,495 1,443 61 352 463 6,270 1,765 46 262 314 2,936 773 20 126 164 1,417 356 26 126 160 1,519 417 51 292 418 4,998 1,663 27 136 210 2,348 770 24 156 208 2,650 893 24 1 151 206 1,831 772 12 81 111 730 317 2 to 3 months 70 1 101 Indian Territory 465 166 901 720 1,421 9,829 71 433 319 620 4,691 95 468 401 801 5,138 46 248 171 308 3,044 16 117 82 141 1,474 30 131 89 167 1,570 80 447 368 768 .5,025 33 236 162 340 2,464 47 212 206 428 2,561 40 206 181 345 1,760 22 81 75 139 753 18 125 4 to 5 months 106 206 1 007 99 366 531 8,834 2,096 44 196 285 4,166 971 56 169 246 4,668 1,125 42 150 170 2,682 692 18 78 84 1,294 331 24 72 86 1,388 361 27 150 254 4,594 991 16 82 147 2,219 486 11 68 107 2,375 505 30 66 107 1,658 413 10 36 64 663 154 20 2 to 3 months 29 53 905 Iowa 259 1 month or less 14 80 124 1,878 10,508 6 48 46 872 5,077 8 32 79 1,006 6,431 5 39 29 619 2,877 2 22 8 299 1,474 3 17 21 320 1,403 7 17 63 914 6,295 3 9 22 452 2,630 4 8 31 462 2,665 2 24 42 345 2,336 1 17 15 121 973 1 7 4 to 5 months 27 224 1,363 134 577 906 8,891 41,537 86 310 483 4,198 19,355 43 267 423 4,693 22,182 60 222 281 2,324 9,819 36 110 146 1,182 4,834 14 112 136 1,142 4,986 49 203 422 4,621 22,594 29 115 226 2,260 10,763 20 88 196 2,361 11,831 35 162 203 1,946 9,124 21 85 111 756 3,758 14 2 to 3 months 67 92 6 months or more 1,190 Kentucky 5,366 1,153 7,068 17,781 15,535 48, 696 610 3,645 8,266 6,834 23,079 643 3,423 9,616 8,701 25,617 324 1,847 4,068 3,590 12,895 169 907 2,029 1,739 6,483 165 940 2,029 1,851 6,412 497 3,528 10,149 8,420 28, 751 271 1,870 4,816 3,807 13,741 226 1,658 6,334 4,613 16,010 332 1,693 3,674 3,526 7,050 180 868 1,422 1,288 2,865 152 2 to 3 months 82S 2,162 6 months or more 2,237 Louisiana - 4,195 2,145 17,223 8,162 21,166 194 1,075 8,161 3,830 10,013 90 1,070 9,062 4,332 U,153 104 638 4,872 2,180 6,206 68 328 2,449 1,123 2,583 34 310 2,423 1,057 2,622 34 1,135 9,736 4,872 13,008 88 665 4,625 2,296 6,266 37 680 5,111 2,676 6,743 51 372 2,616 1,110 2,953 38 192 1,087 411 1,165 19 180 2 to 3 months 1,528 699 1,788 Maine 19 . 5 11 178 29,858 4 5 81 14, 136 1 6 97 15,722 3 5 60 8,890 2 4 28 4,346 1 1 32 4,644 2 2 34 4,111 2 4 84 16,857 3^ 8,008 3 48 8,849 2 17 1,782 17 2,329 200 1,861 2,700 25,097 4,256 112 1,046 1,437 11,542 2,015 88 816 1,263 13,665 2,241 77 529 765 7,519 1,563 34 270 399 3,643 751 43 259 366 3,876 812 85 923 1,498 14, 351 1,966 62 513 801 6,642 924 33 410 697 7,709 1,042 38 409 437 3,227 727 26 262 237 1,267 340 12 2 to 3 months 147 200 1,970 387 14 52 60 4,130 2,711 3 29 27 1,956 1,338 11 23 33 2,174 1,373 7 27 29 1,500 844 2 12 14 723 415 6 15 15 777 429 5 16 20 1,926 1,356 1 11 7 905 665 4 4 13 1,021 690 2 10 11 704 612 2 6 6 328 268 4 5 376 254 16 125 183 2,387 594 10 49 102 1,177 279 6 76 81 1,210 316 7 63 46 738 214 4 19 26 366 97 3 34 20 372 117 7 49' 87 1,212 241 4 17 43 601 116 3 32 44 611 126 2 23 50 437 139 2 : 13 33 210 67 10 17 227 72 2 15 17 560 2 8 5 264 1 10 7 196 1 6 1 89 1 3 5 232 1 1 2 111 7 12 296 4 6 107 2 3 121 2 1 132 1 2 64 1 3 6 months or more 68 4973— Bull. 8-07- -10 142 NEGROES IN THE UNITED STATES. Table 13.— NEGRO PERSONS ATTENDING SCHOOL DURING THE CENSUS YEAR, CLASSIFIED BY SEX, AGE PERIODS, AND MONTHS OF SCHOOL ATTENDANCE, BY GEOGRAPHIC DIVISIONS AND BY STATES AND TER- RITORIES ARRANGED A,LPHAB£TICALLY: 1900— Continued. GEOGRAPHIC DIVISION, STATE OR TER- ALL PERSONS. DNDEE 10 YEAK8. 10 TO 14 YEASS. IB YEARS AND OVER. ATTENDANCE. Total. Males. Females. Total. Males. Females. Total. Males. Females. Total. Males. Females. 125,850 59,643 66,207 37,351 18,386 18,965 62,279 29,867 32,422 26,220 11,400 14,820 1 month or less 8,724 43,352 62,913 20, 861 24,790 4,608 21,405 24, 476 9,254 11,693 4,216 21, 947 28,437 11,607 13, 097 3,003 12, 335 15,966 6,048 7,046 1,497 6,126 7,793 2,970 3,461 1,606 6,209 8,172 3,078 3,585 3,644 20,885 26,894 10,856 12,697 1,912 10, 523 12,594 4,828 6,028 1,732 10,362 14,300 6,028 6,669 2,077 10,132 10, 054 3,957 6,047 1,099 4,756 4,089 1,456 2,204 978 5,376 5,965 6 montlis or more 2,501 MisBOuri 2,843 462 2,284 3,079 18,965 156 260 1,160 1,641 8,732 69 202 1,124 1,638 10,233 87 179 674 816 6,377 63 101 334 405 2,621 26 78 340 411 2,756 28 156 1,072 1,639 9,930 77 89 536 769 4,634 33 67 636 770 5,296 44 127 538 724 3,658 26 70 290 367 1,477 11 57 2 to 3 months 248 4 to 5 months 367 6 months or more 2,181 16 1 month or less 1 7 5 143 928 1 4 1 63 426 1 3 3 70 412 1 1 1 30 191 2 to 3 months 3 4 80 502 1 2 50 316 1 2' 26 175 2 2 40 221 3 2 1 24 141 23 200 9 94 106 6 26 61 845 7 3 12 26 386 3 3 • 14 25 460 4 2 14 20 280 3 1 5 5 130 2 1 9 16 150 1 2 5 17 388 3 2 •8 6 210 2 2 7 14 177 1 2 6 10 77 2 to 3 months 2 11 178 1 2 4 100 1 Nevada 1 month or less 2 to 3 months 4 to 5 months 6 months or more 7 79 3 43 4 36 3 24 2 11 1 13 3 39 1 21 2 18 1 16 1 6 New Hampshire 11 1 month or less 2 to 8 months 3 9 67 8,268 2 6 35 3,977 1 3 32 4,276 3 1 12 1,164 2 1 1 8 626 8 31 4,141 6 15 1,988 2 16 2,153 24 2,948 11 1,451 13 1,497 9 538 1 month or less 65 323 883 7,492 173 32 188 197 3,660 73 23 136 186 3,932 100 26 136 131 2,657 60 13 68 67 1,303 24 12 67 64 1,354 26 26 142 180 3,793 87 . 18 85 89 1,796 32 8 67 91 1,997 65 • 4 46 72 1,042 36 1 36 41 461 17 S 11 2 to 3 months 4 to 6 months fi TnoTiths nr mnrp Np.w Mfixir>n 1 month or less 6 18 13 136 10,590 2 7 6 58 4,933 4 11 7 78 6,667 2 4 4 40 3,764 1 2 2 19 1,791 1 2 2 21 1,973 1 8 7 71 6,366 1 2 2 27 2,520 3 6 2 25 1,470 3 6 5 44 2,836 3 2 12 622 3 New York 13 848 1 month or less 43 169 307 10, 071 91,392 16 83 158 4,676 42,449 27 86 149 5,396 48,943 29 103 143 3,489 21,514 12 52 58 1,669 10,648 17 61 86 1,820 10,866 8 53 111 5,184 44,783 4 21 67 2,428 21,280 4 32 44 2,766 23,603 6 13 63 1,398 25,096 6 4 to 5 months io 33 579 10,521 3 20 North Carolina 819 14,674 1 Tnnnth nr leflH 9,735 46, 698 21,248 13,711 48 4,925 22,319 9,490 5,715 26 4,810 24,379 11,768 7,996 23 2,566 10,647 4,990 3,411 10 1,276 6,234 2,613 1,626 6 1,290 5,313 2,477 1,786 4 4,198 22,811 10, 872 6,902 30 2,130 11, 212 4,936 3,002 17 2,068 11,599 5,936 3,900 13 2,971 13,340 6,386 8,398 8 1,619 5,873 2,041 1,088 2 1,452 7,467 6 months or more 3,845 North Dakota. 2,810 6 1 month or less 2 to 3 months 2 6 3 37 16,390 2 5 3 15 7,874 i' 3" 3' 2 1 2 26 8,145 2 1 2 12 3,967 4 to 5 months 6 months or more 22' 8,516 7' 8,063 s' 2,411 ■■"4' 2,652 13' 4,178 1 5 3,182 1 i 5 Ohio 1,496 1,686 1 month or less 85 659 946 14,800 3,651 43 264 493 7,074 1,729 42 295 463 7,726 1,822 29 247 296 4,491 805 15 104 160 2,142 403 14 143 146 2,349 402 34 183 403 7,626 1,726 16 81 219 3,651 855 18 102 184 3,874 871 22 129 247 2,784 1,020 12 79 124 1,281 471 10 60 6 months or more 123 Oklahoma 1,503 549 1 month or less 2 to 3 months 116 924 1,025 1,486 101 61 467 517 684 61 55 467 608 802 50 44 214 237 310 26 20 114 130 139 16 24 100 107 171 11 35 412 600 779 60 18 216 239 383 28 17 197 261 396 32 37 298 288 397 15 23 138 148 162 8 14 4 to 5 months 160 140 235 Oregon . . 7 1 month or less 2 to 8 months 4 to 5 months e' 5 90 3" 4 44 3' 1 46 i' 4 21 4' 11 i" §■ 1 56 i' i" 1 29 2' 2" io "27" 13" 6' 7 GENERAL TABLES. 143 Table 13.— NEGRO PERSONS ATTENDING SCHOOL DURING THE CENSUS YEAR, CLASSIFIED BY SEX, AGE PERIODS, AND MONTHS OF SCHOOL ATTENDANCE, BY GEOGRAPHIC DIVISIONS AND BY STATES AND TER- RITORIES ARRANGED ALPHABETICALLY: 1900— Continued. GEOGRAPHIC DIVISION, STATE OR TER- ALL PERSONS. UNDER 10 YEARS. 10 TO 14 YEARS. 15 YEARS AND OVER. ATTENDANCE. Total. Males. Females. Total. Males. Females. Total. Males. Females. Total. Males. Females. 19,678 9,807 10,266 6,995 3,374 3,621 9,727 4,654 5,073 2,851 1,279 1,572 1 inoiitli or less 118 604 816 18, 136 1,253 58 254 398 8,597 693 60 260 418 9,538 660 57 247 305 6,386 446 28 118 151 3,077 230 29 129 154 3,309 215 32 172 390 9,133 611 15 84 195 4,360 292 17 88 196 4,773 319 29 85 121 2,616 197 15 52 52 1,160 71 14 83 69 1,466 126 2 to 3 months 4 to 6 months 1 month or less 8 17 58 1,170 87, 401 6 8 29 651 40,526 3 9 29 619 46, 876 6 9 27 403 21,484 4 6 13 208 10, 487 2 4 14 195 10,997 1 7 24 679 47, 853 1 4 13 301 25,187 1 1 7 188 18,064 1 2 to 3 months 3 11 278 22, 666 1 2 123 10, 692 6 65 7,372 6 months or more South Carolina . 1 month or less 5,277 38,818 22,764 20,552 73 2,549 18,510 10,380 9,086 29 2,728 20,308 12,374 11,466 44 1,486 9,258 6,635 5,205 26 729 4,671 2,732 2,456 11 767 4,687 2,803 2,750 14 2,689 21,366 12, 816 11,083 33 1,228 10,436 6,978 5,024 10 1,361 10,929 6,888 6,059 23 1,202 8,195 4,403 4,264 15 692 3,603 1,670 1,607 8 610 4,692 2,733 2,667 7 4 to 5 months South Dakota 1 month or less 2 to 3 months » 1 3 69 63,109 1 1 42 33,819 1 1 4 to 5 months 2 27 29,290 3 12 14, 118 2 6 5,814 1 6 months or more 26 15, 469 11 7,599 14 7,870 32 33, 522 10 15,877 22 17,646 6 8,304 Tennessee 1 month or less 3,967 19,806 14,644 24,803 91,633 1,979 9,690 6,698 11, 123 43,037 1,978 10,216 7,946 13,680 48,596 1,029 4,930 3,439 6,071 17,423 608 2,440 1,703 2,948 8,402 521 2,490 1,736 3,123 9,021 1,803 10, 263 7,906 13, 560 66,867 ' 911 6,001 3,662 6,303 27,066 892 5,262 4,244 7,247 28,811 1,126 4,612 3,199 5,182 18,343 560 2,149 1,283 1,872 7,579 665 2,463 1,966 3,310 10,764 4 to 5 months 3,286 24,894 30,852 32,601 51 1,767 12,230 14,390 14, 650 23 1,619 12,664 16,462 17,961 28 714 4,600 5,563 6,546 17 352 2,214 2,751 3,085 7 362 2,386 2,812 3,461 10 1,742 15, 142 19,394 19,589 22 981 7,673 9,279 9,123 9 761 7,469 10,115 10,466 13 830 6,152 5,896 6,466 12 434 ■ 2,343 2,360 2,442 7 2 to 3 months 2,809 3,635 4,024 5 6 months or more Utah 1 month or less 1 4 2 44 123 1 3 1 23 66 1 1 1, 19 62 1 1 1 10 27 2 to 8 months 1 1 21 58 2 1 1 1 1 10 20 1 4 to 5 months 1 6 10 6 months or more . 15 41 6 13 9 28 9 35 4 Vermont .. 10 2 to 3 months 1 2 120 88,726 1 1 56 40,000 1 1 60 48,938 1 1 64 48,726 1 26 26,427 1 19 17,721 1 9 6,788 fi Tnnnt.hH nr mnrp 41 22,067 13 10,701 28 11,366 34 22,611 10 Virginia 10, 933 1 month or less 2,103 11,751 38,921 36,951 274 1,019 5,660 17,832 16,789 144 1,084 6,091 21,389 20,162 130 695 3,303 9,672 8,397 101 323 1,606 4,744 4,029 49 372 1,698 4,928 4,368 52 933 5,961 21,564 20, 480 130 465 2,922 9,956 9,168 74 468 3,039 11,608 11,312 66 475 2,487 7,685 7,074 43 281 1,133 2,832 2,592 21 244 2 to 3 months 1,364 4 to 6 months. . 4,853 4,482 Washington 22 1 month or less 3 13 16 243 6,760 2 8 9 126 2,780 1 6 6 118 2,970 3 4 6 88 1,658 2 2 2 43 852 1 2 4 45 806 6 8 116 2,768 4 6 64 1,337 2 2 52 1,421 3 1 39 1,884 2 1 18 591 1 21 West Virginia 743 1 month or less 168 684 2,129 2,779 342 91 386 1,010 1,293 158 67 298 1,119 1,486 184 63 232 686 687 100 35 129 337 361 49 18 103 349 336 61 70 266 1,049 1,373 161 40 140 513 644 69 30 126 536 729 92 35 186 394 719 81 16 117 160 298 40 19 69 284 6 months or more 421 Wisconsin . . . . 41 2 16 19 306 88 1 12 10 135 44 1 4 9 170 44 1 6 87 31 1 4 3 41 21 1 1 3 46 10 2 to 3 months.- 5 5 151 39 3 2 64 19 2 3 87 20 6 8 67 18 5 5 30 4 1 4 to 5 months 3 37 14 1 2 2 83 3 1 2 2 39 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 16 1 1 2 1 38 3 1 18 2 ? Tnonth.s or morp 44 1 29 19 10 20 1 14 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 2 1 1 1 See explanatory notes on page i 144 NEGROES IN THE UNITED STATES. Table 14.— NUMBER AND PERCENTAGE OF NEGRO PERSONS ATTENDING SCHOOL OF TOTAL NEGRO PERSONS 5 TO 9, 10 TO 14, AND 15 TO 20 YEARS OF AGE, RESPECTIVELY, BY STATES AND TERRITORIES ARRANGED GEOGRAPHICALLY: 1900. 5 TO 9 YEASS. 10 TO 14 YEAE3. 15 TO 20 YEAK8. STATE OR TERRITOKY. Total. Attending school. Total. Attending school. Total. Attending school. Number. Per cent. Number. Per cent. Number. Per cent. United Statesi 1,202,785 284,800 23.7 1,092,020 587,683 53.8 1,206,389 211,173 17.5 Continental United States! 1, 202, 768 284,784 23.7 1,091,990 587,660 63.8 1,204,439 211, 172 17.5 North Atlantic division 30,387 16, 330 53.7 28,217 23,009 81.6 46,318 6,256 13.8 New England 4,698 2,832 60.3 4,286 3,785 88.3 6,484 1,174 18.1 Maine 110 39 73 2,447 737 1,292 25,689 66 24 40 1,511 434 767 13,498 60.0 61.6 64.8 61.7 68.9 68.6 62.6 113 48 72 2,201 676 1,176 23,932 88 39 62 1,966 611 1,019 19,224 77.9 81.3 86.1 89.3 90.5 86.6 80.3 146 85 110 3,348 991 1,804 38,834 33 14 20 662 188 257 6,082 22.6 New Hampshire 16.6 18.2 19.8 19.0 Connecticut 14.2 Southern North Atlantic 13.1 New York 6,782 5,857 13,050 627,900 3,682 2,918 6,898 120,976 64.3 49.8 62.9 22.9 6,493 5,402 12,037 476,108 6,356 4,141 9,727 246,917 82.5 76.7 80,8 51.9 12,201 8,326 18,307 519,423 1,374 1,098 2,610 87,012 11.3 13.2 14.3 16.8 Northern South Atlantic 134,481 36,359 27.0 126,929 76, 562 60.3 144,216 24,982 17.3 3,548 27,586 7,476 91,469 4,403 393,419 1,163 8,820 2,841 21,900 1,645 84,617 32.5 32.0 38.0 23.9 37.4 21.5 3,401 26,539 7,301 86,609 4,079 349,179 2,121 16,857 5,878 48, 938 2,768 170,365 62.4 63.6 80.5 67.2 67.6 48.8 3,900 30,821 11,270 91,884 6,341 375,207 569 3,861 2,444 16,891 1,227 62,030 14.6 12.5 21.7 Virginia 18.4 West Virginia 19.4 Southern South Atlantic 16.6 North Carolina . 89,833 119, 669 153, 616 30,401 47,846 21,405 21,288 33,070 8,854 23,560 23.8 17.8 21.6 29.1 49.2 81,296 106,982 134,540 26,361 49,380 44,783 47, 853 61,290 16,439 40,144 66.1 44.7 46.6 62.4 81.3 89,626 116,750 139,685 30,146 62, 312 24,013 17,182 15,255 6,580 16,024 26 8 14.8 Eastern North Central 23,294 12,621 63.8 23,851 20,445 85.7 30,761 7,238 23.5 Oliio 9,099 5,479 7,160 1,390 176 24,552 6,040 3,027 3,622 834 98 11,039 65.4 56.2 49.3 60.0 56.7 46.0 9,204 6,682 7,253 1,514 198 25,629 8,145 5,025 5,769 1,365 161 19,699 88.6 88.4 79.4 89.6 81.3 77.2 11,501 7,228 9.835 1,910 287 31,651 2,905 1,701 2,089 472 71 7,786 25.3 23.5 21.2 24.7 24.7 24.7 Indiana Western North Central Minnesota 363 1,121 16,837 25 44 > 484 5,688 694,301 213 686 7,008 10 25 312 2,785 122,627 60.3 61.2 41.6 40.0 66.8 64.6 49.0 20.6 288 1,232 17,328 36 40 482 6,123 536,106 241 991 12,697 30 33 412 5,295 275,631 83.7 80.4 73.3 83.3 82.6 85.5 86.5 61.4 422 1,669 21,602 36 60 815 7,067 674,399 129 391 4,817 8 15 194 2,232 102,202 30.6 26.1 22.3 Nebraska Eastern South Central 348,997 78,224 22.4 316,984 162,205 61.2 347,369 64,665 18.6 33,280 63,022 118,403 134,292 246,304 9,786 16,396 16,274 36,770 44,403 29.4 24.4 13.7 27.4 18.1 33,155 59,343 105, 926 118,660 219,122 22,694 33,522 43,810 62,279 113,426 68.1 66.5 41.4 52.6 51.8 88,077 68,560 114,651 126,071 227,040 8,782 13,402 17,323 25,058 37,637 23.1 19.5 Mississippi 15.1 Western South Central . 19.9 16.6 Louisiana Arkansas 93,447 61,793 8,233 2,837 92, 494 2,324 12,792 12,716 763 794 17,339 1,291 13.7 24.5 14.6 34.0 18.7 65.6 82,803 46,714 4,661 2,247 82, 697 2,179 28,751 25,419 1,663 1,726 55,867 1,869 34.7 64.4 35.7 76.8 67.6 85.3 85,203 60,027 4,988 2,622 84,300 2,987 1,269 6,708 11,693 714 971 17,551 678 7.9 Indian Territory 23.4 14.3 38.5 20.8 22.7 Rocky Mountain 890 478 53.7 858 733 85.4 298 23.5 Montana 89 24 63 615 99 136 53 12 31 332 60 63 59.6 50.0 49.2 64.0 50.5 46.3 91 18 46 593 111 126 77 17 89 513 87 99 84.6 94.4 86.7 86.6 78.4 78.6 109 27 107 835 191 257 25 7 17 214 35 38 22.9 25.9 Colorado 16.9 25.6 18.3 14.8 Arizona Utah 95 37 4 1,298 44 16 3 760 46.3 43.2 76.0 57.8 87 33 6 1,196 74 22 3 1,027 85.1 66.7 50.0 85.9 183 66 8 1,461 27 10 1 342 14.8 16.2 Pacific 12.5 23.4 63 1,096 26 624 67.1 49.1 66.9 1.54 70 971 130 60 837 84.4 85.7 86.2 226 78 1,168 10 28 912 41 15 286 18.2 19 2 Alaska 24.7 Military and naval i 27 16 69.3 24 6 20 3 83.3 50.0 i' 35.7 1 See explana tory notes oi 1 page 99. GENERAL TABLES. 145 Tablb 15.— ILLITERATE' NEGRO POPULATION 10 YEARS OF AGE AND OVER, CLASSIFIED BY SEX AND DEGREE OF ILLITERACY, BY STATES AND TERRITORIES ARRANGED GEOGRAPHICALLY: 1900. STATE OR TERRITORY. AGGREGATE. NUMBER WHO CAN READ BUT CAN NOT WRITE. NUMBER WHO CAN NEITHER READ NOK WRITE. Total. Males. Females, Total. Males, Females. Total. Males. Females. United States! : 2,853,720 1,371,963 1,481,767 306, 362 161,774 164,688 2,547,358 1,220,179 1,327,179 Continental United States i 2,853,194 1,371,432 1,481,762 306,303 151,716 164, 587 2,546,891 1,219,716 1, 327, 176 44,275 20,610 23, 666 7,695 3,170 4,425 36,680 17,440 19,240 6,681 2,469 3,212 1,118 402 716 4,563 2,067 2,496 Maine 155 70 99 2,863 1,063 1,441 38, 694 88 41 61 1,207 452 626 18, 141 72 29 38 1,646 611 816 20,453 36 15 16 498 213 341 6,477 14 10 10 156 70 142 2,768 21 6 6 342 143 199 3,709 120 55 83 2,355 850 1,100 32,117 69 31 51 1,051 382 483 15,373 51 24 Vermont 32 1,304 Rhode Island 468 617 16,744 New York 9,180 9,882 19, 632 1,250,279 3,903 4,404 9,834 599,160 5,277 6,478 9,698 651,119 1,558 1,582 3,337 131, 390 596 614 1,559 66,130 963 968 1,778 66, 260 7,622 8,300 16,195 1, 118, 889 3,308 3,790 8,275 634,030 4,814 4,610 Pennsylvania 7,920 South. Atlantic division 584,869 Northern South Atlantic 314,381 164,245 160, 136 28,379 14,004 14,375 286,002 140,241 146,761 8,967 63,033 17, 462 213,836 11,083 936,898 4,367 30,340 6,716 106,921 6,901 444, 915 4,600 32, 693 10,746 107,916 4,182 490, 983 780 6,763 1,776 18,366 1,694 103,011 354 2,640 680 9,285 1,045 61, 126 426 3,123 1,096 9,081 649 51,885 8,187 57,270 16, 686 196,470 9,389 832,887 4,013 27,700 6,036 96,636 6,856 393,789 4,174 Maryland 29,670 9,660 Virginia 98,884 West Virerinia 3,683 Southern South Atlantic 439,098 North Carolina 208, 132 283, 883 379,067 64,816 87,914 97,688 132,481 182,719 32, 027 42,769 110, 444 161,402 196,348 32,789 45,146 26,598 29,344 39,239 7,830 13,736 12,121 14,462 20, 403 4,160 6,466 14,477 14,892 18, 836 3,680 7,281 181,534 264,539 339,828 56,986 74,178 85, 567 118,029 162,316 27,877 36,314 96, 967 South Carolina - . . - 136,610 177,612 Florida . 29,109 North Central division 37,864 Eastern North Central 39,280 19,498 19,782 6,768 3,127 3,641 82,512 16,371 16, 141 14,107 10,594 12,903 1,426 260 48,634 7,124 5,330 6,138 768 138 23,271 6,983 6,264 6,765 668 112 25,363 2,637 1,611 2,126 342 52 6,968 1,148 760 1,038 166 26 3,328 1,489 851 1,088 187 26 3,640 11,470 8, 983 10,777 1,084 198 41, 666 6,976 4,670 5,100 613 112 19, 943 6,494 Indiana 4,413 5,677 471 86 21, 723 337 1,962 36,390 31 51 633 9,230 1, 467, 327 164 1,068 17,336 19 30 281 4,393 707, 149 183 904 19,054 12 21 362 4,837 760,178 65 340 4,989 3 7 109 1,465 153,034 27 164 2,367 2 2 51 715 76,700 38 176 2,622 1 5 58 740 76,334 272 1,622 31,401 28 44 524 7,775 1,314,298 127 894 14, 969 17 28 230 3,678 630,449' 145 728 16, 432 11 South Dakota 16 294 4,097 South Central division 688,844 Eastern South Central 887,838 429,984 457,854 97,614 49,074 48,540 790,224 380,910 409,314 88,137 147,784 338,605 313,312 579,489 44,417 72,728 161,708 151,131 277,165 43,720 75,056 176,897 162, 181 302,324 9,066 19,470 82,890 36,188 55,420 4,424 9,648 16,565 18,447 27,626 4,642 9,822 16,335 17,741 27,794 79, 071 128,814 306,715 277,124 524,069 39,993 63, 080 145,163 132,684 249,639 39,078 65,234 144,440 Western South Central 274,530 284,028 113,463 11,242 3,628 167,138 3,399 134,642 '64,015 5,880 1,709 80, 919 1,744 149,386 59,438 5,362 1,919 86,219 1,655 17,879 16, 182 1,667 587 19,115 548 8,983 7,946 914 263 9,521 261 8,896 8,237 748 324 9,594 287 266,149 97,271 9,586 3,041 148,023 2,861 125,659 46,070 4,966 1,446 71,398 1,483 140,490 51,201 76,625 Western division 1,368 1,663 804 ' 759 282 137 146 1,281 667 614 162 37 141 962 271 277 80 20 106 468 140 163 72 17 35 504 131 114 31 3 19 190 39 32 16 1 11 88 21 14 15 2 8 102 18 18 121 84 122 772 232 245 64 19 95 370 119 149 57 Basin and Plateau 96 211 37 29 1,559 129 17 17 777 82 20 12 782 21 9 2 234 9 3 2 110 12 6 190 28 27 1,325 120 14 15 667 70 14 124 658 269 89 1,211 6 34 486 146 57 574 6 30 485 113 32 637 47 15 172 27 10 73 20 6 99 212 74 1,039 6 34 427 119 47 601 6 30 427 93 27 538 Alaska 4 Hawaii 1 59' 58 1 > See explanatory notes on page 99. 146 NEGROES IN THE UNITED STATES. Table 16.— ILLITERATE ' NEGRO POPULATION 10 YEARS OF AGE AND OVER, CLASSIFIED BY STATE OR TERRITOKY. 10 TO 14 YEARS. 15 TO 20 YEARS. 1 21 TO 24 YEASS. 25 TO 34 YEAES. Total. Males. Females. Total. Males. Females Total. Males. Females Total. Males. Females. 1 United States! 328,994 183,542 145,452 393,254 211, 362 181,892 259, 666 127, 923 131,742 496,313 222,649 273,664 Continental United States^ North Atlantic division 2 328, 992 183,640 145,452 393, 174 211,282 181,892 269,436 127,694 131,742 496, 180 222,516 273,664 3 682 335 347 2,634 1,467 1,167 3,387 1,906 1,482 8,498 4,448 4,050 New England 4 49 22 27 306 166 149 378 190 188 1,005 618 487 Maine , . ft 4 2 1 30 3 9 633 14 313 3 1 9 10 6 169 39 83 2,329 5 6 3 93 26 23 1,311 4 4 2 66 13 60 1,018 7 4 4 224 62 77 3,009 6 3 2 113 33 33 1,715 1 1 2 111 29 44 1,294 30 7 - 16 668 174 210 7,493 17 4 12 297 91 97 3,930 13 3 4 271 83 113 3,563 fi 7 Vermont 8 16 2 5 320 q Rhode Island in Connecticut 11 Southern North Atlantic NewYork n 87 247 299 149,060 49 119 146 83,825 38 128 154 66,236 606 642 1,081 181,271 313 360 638 97,935 293 282 443 83,386 707 735 1,667 114,881 360 406 949 66,132 347 329 618 58,749 1,689 1,730 4,074 211,990 800 802 2,328 93,081 889 928 1,746 118,909 13 New Jersey 14 Pp!TlTlHylvB.Tllfl. , 15 South Atlantic division Northern South Atlantic Delaware 16 27,806 16,172 11,634 36,614 21,661 14,853 23, 972 12, 671 11,301 47,907 22, 699 25,308 17 650 4,056 355 22,364 491 121,264 316 2,286 213 13,087 270 67,653 234 1,770 142 9,267 221 63, 601 827 6,400 926 26,962 1,399 144,757 473 3,692 479 16,070 1,047 76,274 364 2,808 447 10,892 352 68,483 630 4,707 1,046 16,141 1,448 90,909 316 2,480 441 8,330 1,105 43,461 315 2,227 605 7,811 343 47,448 1,647 9,970 2,491 31,469 2,430 164,083 739 4,719 933 14,877 1,631 70,482 808 5,251 1,568 16,892 799 93,601 18 Maryland 19 District of Columbia Virginia SI 22 Southern South Atlantic North Carolina ?3 25,448 41,536 48,406 6,865 2,642 14,079 22,706 27,603 3,366 1,508 11,369 18,830 20,903 2,499 1,034 29,327 51,208 56,954 8,268 4,283 16,120 26,158 29,606 4,490 2,609 13,207 25,050 26, 448 3,778 1,674 19,000 28,080 37, 239 6,590 4,062 8,747 12,971 18, 175 3,568 2,378 10,253 15,109 19,064 3,022 1,684 32,338 47,757 71, 320 12,668 11, 916 13,264 19,423 31,637 6,168 6,147 19,084 28,334 39,683 6,500 5,769 ?4 Hft ?fi Florida ?7 North Central division Eastern North Central Ohio. 28 576 351 226 1,513 887 626 1,701 1,006 696 6,370 2,888 2,482 ?<) 137 85 331 20 3 1,966 75 47 215 12 2 1,157 62 38 116 8 1 809 466 886 592 60 9 2,770 236 241 372 30 8 1,722 230 146 220 30 1 1,048 546 452 632 58 13 2,361 311 288 360 40 6 1,373 235 164 272 18 7 988 1,825 1,521 1,841 150 33 6,646 1,018 820 942 88 20 3,259 807 701 899 62 13 3,287 sn 31 3' Michigan 33 WiRp.nnHin 34 Western North Central 36 Minnesota 2 31 1,786 23' 1,049 2 8 737 6 78 2,380 4 60 1,468 2 18 922 1 16 86 1,911 1 3 27 317 136,931 10 59 1,077 1 1 15 210 67,178 6 27 834 63 238 6,218 3 11 93 930 263,241 24 137 2,687 3 8 42 458 118,655 29 101 2,631 37 38 North Dakota -in Nebraska 7' 140 176,672 5' 80 97,851 2 60 78,821 ie' 290 204,868 9' 191 109, 205 6' 99 96,653 2 12 107 69,753 8 51 472 144,686 41 Kansas 4? Eastern South Central 43 105,061 69,060 46,011 124, 140 67,220 56,920 82, 192 40,865 41, 327 157,044 70,907 86,137 44 45 Kentucky Tennessee 4,962 14,900 47, 249 37,960 71,611 2,960 8,618 26,117 21,366 38,801 2,002 6,282 21,132 16,595 32,810 7,653 18, 181 52,499 46,907 80,718 4,477 10,714 27,594 24,436 41,986 3,076 7,467 24,906 21, 472 38,733 6,283 12,023 33,109 30,777 54,739 3,538 6,215 15, 906 15,206 26,313 2,746 5,808 17,203 15,571 28,426 16,633 24,271 60,160 56,990 106, 197 8,067 11,517 26,046 26,277 47,648 7,566 12,754 34,104 31,713 58,649 46 > labama 47 48 Western South Central 49 sn Louisiana - Arkansas . ... 41,125 13, 716 2,001 121 14,648 36 21,681 7,424 1,178 77 8,441 21 19,444 6,292 823 44 6,207 15 45,725 14,308 1,604 160 18,931 128 22,699 7,587 926 89 10,734 66 23,026 6,771 678 61 8,197 i2 29,154 10,468 867 127 14,123 176 13,643 4,926 476 68 7,200 101 16,511 6,642 391 69 6,923 74 55,072 19,468 1,668 ,299 29,700 635 24,899 8,306 797 188 13,508 285 80,173 11,152 871 161 16,192 250 51 ft? 53 Texas 54 Western division 66 Rocky Mountain 16 11 * 46 23 23 108 67 41 275 149 126 66 67 Montana Idaho 4 3 1 4 3 1 12 1 28 37 30 18 4 1 22 23 17 12 8 22 2 40 149 62 54 12 1 36 77 24 30 10 1 6 72 88 24 ftq Colorado 3" 8 9 i' 7 2 2 1 7 4 15 23 17 4 9 7 8 6' 16 9 6 14 13 6 60 TJPTV Mpirinn 61 63 Utah 7 16 7 9 16 1 1 49 10 1 1 22 6 49 2 8 206 28 21 fifi Pacific 12 8 4 66 i 35 30 27 106 3" 100 R7 Oregon 2' 10 2" 6 8 3 54 6 2 28 3 1 26 18 2 34 1 228' 7 1 14 1 '""'228" 6 1 20 50 21 135 1 6 127 28 14 64 1 6 127 22 7 71 fiS California 4 B9 Alaska 70 Hawaii Military and naval i 1 1 1 1 80' §6" 7.1 1 See e. tplanatory notes on ; )age 99. GENERAL TABLES. SEX AND AGE PERIODS, BY STATES AND TERKITOKIES ARRANGED GEOGRAPBflCALLY: 1900. 147 85 TO 44 YEARS. 45 TO 54 YEABS. 55 TO 64 YEARS. 65 YEARS AND OVER. AGE UNKNOWN. Total. Males. Females. Total. Males. Females. Total. Males. Females. Total. Males. Females. Total. Males. Females. 437,645 177,238 260,307 420,456 191,899 228,557 267,321 134,644 132,777 223, 128 Ill, 162 111,966 27,044 11,634 15,410 1 437,603 177, 199 260,304 420,438 191,883 228,555 267,312 134,535 132,777 223, 124 111, 158 111, 966 27,035 11,'625 15,410 2 9,131 4,082 5,049 8,830 3,735 6,095 6,634 2,462 3,082 4,952 1,933 3,019 1 627 253 374 3 1,077 459 618 1,265 492 763 820 340 480 698 • 262 436 94 30 64 4 28 17 17 521 223 271 8,054 10 11 6 239 84 109 3,623 18 6 11 282 139 162 4,431 28 12 21 618 237 339 7,676 16 7 13 213 97 146 3,243 12 5 8 405 140 193 4,332 20 10 17 385 181 207 4,714 11 6 11 132 78 102 2,112 9 4 6 263 103 105 2,602 26 5 16 310 114 227 4,254 14 3 12 98 32 103 1,671 12 1 2 212 ' 82 124 2,583 3 3 2 38 30 18 633 3 5 3 1 30 20 10 810 ft 1 8 10 8 223 7 8 9 10 11 1,807 1,957 4,290 192,317 681 796 2,146 77,325 1,126 1,161 2,144 114,992 1,869 1,989 3,717 178, 111 728 804 1,711 78,812 1,141 1,185 2,006 99,299 1,200 1,263 2,251 117,355 607 566 1,040 59,499 693 698 1,211 57,856 1,119 1,151 1,984 97,242 434 486 751 48,958 685 665 1,233 48,284 96 168 269 8,052 31 66 126 3,593 65 102 143 4,459 12 13 14 16 55,654 24,114 31,640 54,236 24,282 29,954 35,392 16,909 18,483 29,965 14,465 16,500 2,935 1,372 1,563 16 1,814 11,925 3,772 36,379 1,764 136,663 826 5,350 1,262 15,681 996 53,211 988 6,575 2,610 20,698 769 83,462 1,634 11,403 4,243 35,462 1,604 123,875 746 5,100 1,534 16,067 835 54,530 788 6,303 2,709 19,386 769 69,345 1,075 7,611 2,610 23,242 954 81,963 518 3,644 1,060 11,164 623 42,690 567 3,967 1,450 12,078 431 39, 373 863 6,863 2,097 20,421 731 67, 277 382 2,658 788 10,275 362 34,493 ■ 471 3,205 1,309 10,146 369 32,784 137 1,098 22 1,416 262 6,117 52 511 6 670 133 2,221 85 687 16 746 129 2,896 17 18 19. 20 21 22 29,292 39,347 57,359 10,665 16,713 10,189 15,273 23,300 4,449 7,622 19,103 24,074 34,059 6,216 9,091 32,262 32, 909 49,050 9,654 19,414 14,424 13,719 21,947 4,410 8,691 17,838 19,190 27, 103 5,214 10,723 21,313 23,446 31,434 5,770 14, 012 11,266 12, 166 16,264 2,905 6,895 10,048 11, 280 15,180 2,865 7,117 17,502 18,953 26, 081 4,741 12,679 8,898 9,773 13,449 2,373 6,988 8,604 9,180 12, 632 2,368 6,691 1,660 648 2,224 595 2,293 712 293 948 268 931 938 355 1,276 327 1,362 23 24 25 26 27 7,654 3,667 3,987 8,801 4,070 4,731 6,634 3,366 3,268 6,052 2,876 3,176 979 388 691 28 2,683 2,198 2,626 209 38 . 9,059 1,366 1,075 1,093 116 17 3,955 1,317 1,123 1,433 93 21 5,104 3,183 2,548 2,749 267 64 10,613 1,515 1,171 1,206 143 36 4,621 1,668 1,377 1,543 124 19 5,992 2,537 1,724 2,063 282 28 7,378 1,312 909 986 146 13 3,629 1,225 815 1,077 136 15 3,849 2,397 1,433 1,798 368 66 6,627 1,161 686 816 181 32 3,112 1,236 747 982 177 34 3,515 333 247 371 22 6 1,814 130 93 148 12 5 543 203 164 223 10 1 771 29 30 31 82 33 34 62 349 7,036 4 12 147 1,449 218,697 24 190 3,122 2 6 64 547 87,796 38 159 3,914 2 6 83 902 130,802 86 448 7,691 10 12 162 2,204 213,306 35 222 3,329 4 7 67 957 100,268 51 226 4,362 6 5 95 1,247 113,038 62 323 5,067 6 8 92 1,821 129, 900 35 160 2,371 4 6 42 911 65,413 27 163 2,696 1 2 50 910 64, 487 44 293 4,413 7 4 81 1,785 107, 859 20 166 1,974 5 1 35 921 64,077 24 1 137 ; 2,439 2 3 46 864 53,782 6 116 888 2 61 369 4 65 519 36 36 37 38 1 9 294 15,963 1 2 118 6,807 39 7 176 9,166 40 41 42 132,309 52,636 79,673 130,110 60,694 69,416 80,740 40,916 39,824 67,846 34,166 33,680 8,396 3,530 4,866 43 17,382 22,569 44,596 47,762 86,288 8,251 8,926 15,734 19,725 35,159 9,131 13,643 28,862 28,037 61,129 15,977 25,029 48,509 40,595 83, 196 7,450 11,479 24,168 17, 597 39,574 8,527 13,660 24,341 22, 998 43, 622 10,151 16, 120 26,394 28,075 49,160 4,963 8,245 13,323 14,385 24, 497 6,188 7,875 13,071 13,690 24,663 8,322 12,757 23,008 23,759 40, 013 3,893 6,166 11,528 12,579 19,911 4,429 6,591 11,480 11, 180 20,102 1,884 1,934 3,091 1,487 7,667 828 848 1,292 562 3,277 1,056 1,086 1,799 925 4,290 44 45 46 47 48 39,705 16,493 1,628 554 27,908 745 17,407 6,095 739 175 10, 743 375 22,298 10,398 889 379 17,165 370 32,959 19,203 1,629 858 28,647 777 15,032 9,677 835 353 13, 777 377 17,927 9,626 794 505 14, 770 400 20,856 10,434 899 809 16,162 511 229 10,089 5,461 470 431 8,046 276 10,767 4,973 429 378 8,116 235 17,774 7,546 674 647 13,372 392 8,468 3,937 336 357 6,823 202 9,316 3,609 338 290 6,549 190 1,668 1,827 272 63 3,747 100 734 762 123 21 1,647 41 924 1,075 149 42 2,100 59 49 50 51 52 53 54 352 175 177 361 172 189 128 101 119 52 67 58 27 31 55 41 15 27 222 47 64 20 8 17 104 26 36 21 7 10 118 21 28 34 11 23 245 48 55 18 4 14 108 28 34 16 7 9 137 20 21 16 6 15 161 32 30 11 4 11 82 20 23 5 1 4 79 12 7 15 1 3 86 14 28 8 1 2 35 6 17 7 4 2 1 44 7 2 1 1 1 19 6 1 3 1 66 67 1 61 8 11 58 26 2 1 59 60 61 48 12 4 329 33 2 1 164 15 10 3 165 39 9 7 361 26 4 4 171 13 5 3 190 22 4 4 252 16 3 4 125 6 1 12 8 8 245 7 5 5 133 6 3 3 112 6? 1 1 40 L 1 13 1 63 64 127 27 66 80 19 230 3 7 32 48 11 105 3 5 31 32 8 126 58 16 287 1 11 6 34 11 126 1 9 6 24 6 161 32 10 210 15 6 104 17 4 106 14 14 217 7 9 117 7 5 100 4 2 34 2 1 10 2 1 24 66 67 68 69 2 1 2 6 3 6 3 3 1 3 1 i 8 i 8 7( 71 148 NEGROES IN THE UNITED STATES. Table 17.— NUMBEE AND PERCENTAGE OF ILLITERATE' NEGRO POPULATION 10 YEARS CLASSIFIED BY SEX, BY STATES AND TERRITORIES ARRANGED GEOGRAPHICALLY: 1900 OF AGE AND OVER 1890 AND 1900. NEGKO POPULATION 10 YEARS OF ASE AND OVEE. Both sexes. Males. Females, Total. Illiterates. Total. Illiterates. Total. Illiterates. Number. Per cent. Number. Percent. Number. Per cent. United states' 6,422,305 2,853,720 44.4 3,188,294 1,371,963 43.0 3, 234, Oil 1,481,767 45.8 Continental United States i ■ 6,415,681 2,853,194 44.5 3,181,650 1,371,432 43.1 3,233,931 1,481,762 45.8 320, 176 44,275 13.8 166,661 20, 610 13.2 163, 515 23,665 14.5 49,019 5,681 11.6 23,684 2,469 10.4 25,335 3,212 12.7 Maine 1,091 586 678 26, 573 7,662 12,529 271,167 166 70 99 2,863 1,063 1,441 38,594 14.2 11.9 14.6 10.7 14.1 11.5 14.2 668 289 389 13,018 3,615 6,906 132,977 S3 41 61 1,207 462 625 18, 141 14.6 14.2 16.7 9.3 12.9 10.6 13.6 523 297 289 13,566 4,047 6,624 138,180 72 29 38 1,646 611 816 20,463 13.8 New Hampshire . . 9.8 13.1 12.1 15.1 Connecticut 12.3 14.8 New York 84, 688 57, 534 128,935 2,665,833 9,180 9,882 19, 582 1,260,279 10.8 17.2 15.1 47.1 39,636 27,666 65,685 1, 302, 729 3,903 4,404 9,834 699,160 9.8 16.9 15.0 46.0 45,062 29,878 63, 250 1,353,104 5,277 5,478 9,698 651, 119 11 7 New Jersey 18.3 Pennsylvania 1.5.3 South Atlantic division 48.1 Northern South Atlantic ... 788,062 314,381 39.9 385,362 164,245 40.0 402,710 160, 136 39 8 Delaware 23,627 179,362 71,949 478, 921 34, 303 1, 867, 771 8,967 63, 033 17,462 213,836 11,083 935, 898 38.1 35.1 24.3 44.6 32.3 60.1 12, 087 88,132 31,145 233,473 20,616 917, 377 4,367 30,340 6,716 106, 921 6,901 444,916 36.1 34.4 21.6 46,4 33.6 48.5 11,440 91,230 40, 804 246,448 13,788 950, 394 4,600 32,693 10,746 107,915 4,182 490,983 40 2 Maryland 35 8 Virginia West Virginia Southern South Atlantic. . . 61.7 North Carolina 437,691 537, 398 724, 096 168, 586 404,568 208,132 283,883 379,067 64, 816 87,914 47.6 52.8 52.4 38.4 21.7 210, 816 262, 149 356,686 89,328 210, 628 97,688 132, 481 182, 719 32, 027 42,769 46.4 60.5 61.4 36.9 20.3 227,876 275,249 368,611 79,258 193,940 100, 502 110,444 161,402 196,348 32,789 45,145 48.6 65.0 63.3 41.4 23.3 Georgia Florida North Central division 212, 721 39,280 18.6 112, 219 19,498 17.4 19, 782 19.7 Ohio 79, 236 46,972 71,184 13, 139 2,190 191, 847 14,107 10,594 12,903 1,426 250 48, 634 17.8 22.6 18.1 10.9 11.4 26.4 41,248 24, 522 38, 305 6,905 1,239 98,409 7,124 5,330 6,138 768 138 23,271 17.3 21,7 16.0 11.1 11.1 23.6 37,988 22,450 32,879 6,234 951 93,488 6,983 5,264 6,765 658 112 25,363 18.4 23.4 20.6 10.6 11.8 27.1 Illinois Michigan Western North Central Minnesota 4,283. 10, 589 129, 600 243 384 5,363 41,386 3, 009, 142 337 1,962 36,390 31 61 633 9,230 1,467,327 7.9 18.6 28.1 12.8 13.3 11.8 22.3 48.8 2,519 5,842 65, 618 150 230 2,938 21,212 1,496,705 164 1,058 17,336 19 30 281 4,393 707,149 6.1 18.1 26.5 12.7 13.0 9.6 20.7 47.2 1,764 4,747 64,082 93 154 2,425 20, 173 1,512,437 183 904 19,054 12 21 352 4,837 760, 178 Iowa Missouri North Dakota South Dakota 13.6 14.5 24.0 50.3 Eastern South Central 1,802,828 887,838 49.2 893,652 429, 984 48.1 909, 276 457,854 60.4 Kentucky Tennessee 219,720 364,833 689, 629 638,646 1,206,314 88,137 147,784 338,605 313, 312 679,489 40.1 41.6 67.4 49.1 48.0 109, 696 175,579 289,944 318,333. 603,153 44,417 72,728 161, 708 161,131 277, 165 40.5 41.4 66.8 47.5 46.0 110, 024 179,264 299,685 320, 313 603, 161 43,720 75,056 176,897 162,181 302,324 39.7 41.9 Mississippi 59.0 Western South Central 50. S 50.1 Louisiana 464,598 263,808 26,254 13,944 437,710 25,862 284,028 113, 453 11,242 3,628 167,138 3,399 61.1 43.0 42.8 26.0 38.2 13.1 229,256 134,192 13,999 7,133 218,574 14,927 134,642 64, 015 5,880 1,709 80,919 1,744 58.7 40.3 42.0 24.0 37.0 11.7 285,343 129,616 12,255 6,811 219,136 10,935 149,386 59,438 5,362 1,919 86,219 1,655 63.5 45.9 Oklahoma 43.8 Texas 28.2 39.3 15.1 Rocky Mountain 11,208 1,663 13.9 6,341 804 12.7 4,867 759 15.6 Montana 1,339 255 818 7,380 1,416 2,376 152 37 141 962 271 277 11.4 14.6 17.2 13.0 19.1 11.7 813 151 661 3,886 930 1,764 80 20 106 468 140 163 9.8 13.2 18.9 11.8 16.1 9.3 526 104 267 3,494 486 621 72 17 35 504 131 114 13.7 16.3 13.8 14.4 27.0 18.4 Utah.. .;!.'.;!!! ; 1,660 589 126 12,279- 211 37 29 1,569 12.7 6.3 23.0 12.7 1,259 418 77 6,832 129 17 17 777 10.2 4.1 22.1 11.4 401 171 49 6,447 82 20 12 782 20 4 Nevada . 11 7 Pacific 24.6 14.4 Washington Oregon 2,226 1,013 9,040 166 165 6,394 269 89 1,211 6 34 486 11.6 8.8 13.4 3.6 20.6 7.6 1,450 632 4,750 151 128 6,365 146 57 674 6 30 485 10.1 9.0 12.1 4.0 23.4 7.6 776 381 4,290 14 37 29 113 32 637 14 6 California . . 8 4 Alaska. 14.8 4 1 10.8 3.4 . ' See exi )lanatory notes on page 99 GENERAL TABLES. 149 Table 17.— NUMBER AND PERCENTAGE OF ILLITERATE i NEGRO POPULATION 10 YEARS OF AGE AND OVER CLASSIFIED BY SEX, BY STATES AND. TERRITORIES ARRANGED GEOGRAPHICALLY: 1890 AND 1900— Continued. 1890 NEGRO POPULATION 10 YEARS OF AGE AND OVER. STATE OR TERRITORY. Both sexes. Males. Females. Total. Illiterates. Total. Illiterates. Total. Illiterates. Number. Per cent. Number. Per cent. Number. Per cent. United States ^ 5,328,972 3,042,668 67.1 2,646,171 1,438,923 64.4 2,682,801 1,608,745 69 8 220, 627 46, 766 21.2 109,160 21,679 19.9 111, 477 26,077 36,675 6,664 15.5 17,750 2,497 14.1 18,826 3,167 976 611 729 18,255 6,102 10, 002 184, 052 165 115 149 2,607 1,106 1,632 41,092 15.9 22.5 20.4 14.3 18.1 1.5.3 22.3 604 277 385 8,974 2,791 4,819 91,400 84 66 92 1,106 446 714 19, 182 16.7 19.9 23.9 12.3 16.0 14.8 21.0 472 234 844 9,281 3,311 6,183 92, 652 71 60 67 1,501 660 818 21,910 New Hampshire . . 26 6 Vermont 16 6 16.2 Rhode Island 19 9 15.8 Southern North Atlantic 28.6 NewYork 68,426 38,630 86,997 2,304,175 10,017 10, 860 20,216 1,384,632 17.1 28.1 23.2 60.1 27,825 19,029 44, 546 1,131,181 4,334 6,021 9,827 661,436 15.6 26.4 22.1 67.6 30,600 19,601 42, 461 1,172,994 6,683 5, 839 10,388 738,196 18.6 29.8 Pennsylvania 24.6 South Atlantic division . 62.6 723, 394 384,249 53.1 350,179 183,071 62.3 373,215 201,178 53.9 Delaware 21,567 160,867 60, 919 465,328 24,713 1,580,781 10, 675 80, 644 21,346 260,699 10,986 1,000,383 49.5 50.1 35.0 67.2 44.5 63.3 11,106 78,335 26, 660 220,207 13,971 781,002 6,230 38,022 8,645 125, 041 6,233 468,366 47.1 48.6 32.2 66.8 44.6 60.0 10,461 82,632 34,359 236,121 10, 742 799, 779 6,445 42, 622 12,801 135,658 4,752 632,018 52.1 51.6 District of Columbia 37.3 Virginia 57.7 West Virginia 44.2 66.5 391, 465 470,065 600,464 118,797 333,760 235,238 301, 169 403, 925 60,061 107,395 60.1 64.1 67.3 60.5 32.2 189, 627 231, 668 299,832 60, 085 173,508 108, 462 139,428 192,962 27,633 51,934 57.2 60.2 64.4 46.8 29.9 201,938 238,507 300, 622 58,712 160,252 126, 786 161,741 210, 973 32,618 66, 461 62,8 South Carolina 67.8 70.2 Florida 65.4 North Central division 34.6 163,383 43, 699 26.7 86,097 35,934 18,500 24,139 6,444 1,080 87,411 21,679 26.1 77,286 22, 120 28.6 Ohio 68,811 35,318 46,174 12,183 1,897 170, 377 17,496 11,407 12,111 2,306 879 63, 696 26.4 32.3 26.8 18.9 20.0 37.4 8,704 5,637 5,792 1,241 205 30,356 24.2 30.6 ^ 24.0 19.3 19.0 34.7 32,877 16,818 21,035 5,739 817 82,966 8,792 6,770 6,319 1,065 174 83,341 26.7 Indiana . 34.3 Illinois 30.0 Michigan 18.6 21.8 Western North Central 40.2 3,180 8,346 113,630 278 454 7,157 37,332 2,447,588 386 2,177 47,333 83 91 1,367 12,269 1,498,584 12.1 26.1 41.7 29.9 20.0 19.1 32.8 61.2 1,910 4,6.58 67,096 178 318 4,322 19,029 1,217,932 202 1,118 22,471 49 76 711 6,729 710,783 10.6 24.5 39.4 27.5 23.6 16.5 30.1 68.4 1,270 3,788 56,534 100 136 2,835 18,303 1,229,656 184 1,059 24,862 34 16 666 6,530 787,801 14.5 28.0 44.0 North Dakota 84.0 11.8 23.1 35.7 64.1 Eastern South Central 1,601,430 922, 664 61.6 743,800 438,397 58.9 767,630 484,267 63.9 197, 610 809, 629 478,840 615, 351 946,168 110,507 167,881 330,703 313,573 575,920 56.9 64.2 69.1 60.8 60.9 98,187 162,350 236,552 266, 711 474, 132 54,623 79, 186 156,585 148,003 272,386 66.6 52.0 66.2 67.7 57.4 99,423 157,279 242,288 268,640 472,026 65,884 88,695 174,118 165,570 303,534 56.2 56.4 71.9 64.0 Western South Central 64.3 891,831 217, 169 2,267 834,901 22,822 282, 670 116,487 881 175,882 6,301 72.1 63.6 39.0 52.5 23.2 192, .366 112,748 1,231 167,788 14,400 133,222 54,882 447 83,836 3,091 69.3 48.7 36.3 60.0 21.5 199,466 104,421 1,026 167,113 8,422 149,448 61,605 434 92,047 2,210 74.9 59.0 42.8 55.1 Western division 26.2 9,317 2,004 21.5 5,932 1,125 19.0 3,385 879 26.0 1,397 175 826 6,344 1,575 1,984 163 42 147 940 722 463 11.0 24.0 17.8 17.6 45.8 23.3 1,026 104 605 3,168 1,029 1,595 93 19 103 498 412 319 9.1 18.3 17.0 15.7 40.0 20.0 371 71 221 2,176 646 389 60 23 44 442 810 144 16.2 19.9 Basin and Plateau 37.8 1,273 497 214 11,621 245 132 86 2,834 19.2 26.6 40.2 24.6 1,121 340 134 6,873 192 86 41 1,647 17.1 26.3 30.6 24.0 162 157 80 4,648 53 46 45 1,187 84.9 Nevada 56.3 Pacific 25.6 1,442 998 9,081 256 171 2,408 17.7 17.1 26.5 1,013 646 6,214 165 112 1,370 16.3 17.3 26.3 429 352 3,867 90 59 1,038 21.0 16.8 Alaska Military and naval 1 1 See exotftnatory notes on page 99. 150 NEGROES IN THE UNITED STATES. Table 18.— NUIjIBER AND PERCENTAGE OF ILLITERATE • NEGRO POPULATION 10 TO 14 AND 15 TO 19 YEARS OF AGE, RESPECTIVELY, BY STATES AND TERRITORIES ARRANGED GEOGRAPHICALLY: 1890 AND 1900. NEGRO POPULATION 10 TO 14 YEARS OF AGE. NEGRO POPULATION 15 TO 19 YEARS OF AGE. 1900 1890 1900 1890 STATE OK TESKITORY. Total. Illiterates. Number of illiterates. Total. Illiterates. Total. Illiterates. Number. Percent. Number. Per cent. Number. Percent. United States 1 1,092.020 328,994 30.1 411,726 982,476 312, 135 31.8 871,118 371,076 42.6 Continental Unitefl States' 1,091,990 328,992 30.1 411, 726 982,022 312,094 31.8 871,118 371,076 42.6 North Atlantic division 28,217 682 2.4 1,724 35,510 1,953 6.5 25,987 2,377 9.1 New England 4,285 49 1.1 112 S,lll 224 4.4 4,063 222 6.5 Maine 113 48 72 2,201 675 1,176 23,932 4 2 1 30 3 9 633 3.5 4.2 1.4 1.4 0.4 0.8 2.6 4 6 6 41 18 37 1,612 122 66 95 2,632 761 1,435 30,399 7 8 5 107 25 72 1,729 6.7 12.1 6.3 4.1 3.3 5.0 5.7 127 72 102 1,926 668 ,1,168 21,924 18 9 11 99 31 64 2,155 14.2 12.5 10.8 Massachusetts 8.1 Rhode Island 4.6 Connecticut . 4.6 9.8 6,493 5,402 12,037 476,108 87 247 299 149, 060 1.3 4.6 2.5 31.3 366 466 780 202,773 9,394 6,664 14, 441 423,856 449 496 784 143,601 4.8 7.6 6.4 33.9 6,486 4,980 10,488 386, 419 476 622 1,087 175,331 7.3 New Jersey 12.5 Pp.TmpylyflTiifl. , 10.1 South Atlantic division. 45.5 Northern South Atlantic 126,929 27,806 21.9 44,691 118, 982 29,524 24.8 118,994 40,260 34.7 3,401 26,539 7,301 85, 609 4,079 349,179 660 4,066 365 22,364 491 121,264 16.2 16.3 4.9 26.1 12.0 34.7 1,179 7,804 1,051 33,688 969 158,082 3,243 25, 312 8,970 76,424 6,083 304,873 673 6,132 708 21,943 1,068 114,077 20.8 20.3 7.9 28.7 21.2 37.4 3,088 23,663 8,630 76,598 4,028 269,428 1,039 7,702 1,330 28,996 1,184 136,081 33.6 Maryland 32.6 District of Columbia . 16.4 Virginia 37.9 West Virginia 29.4 60.1 North Carolina 81,2% 106,982 134,540 26, 361 49,380 26,448 41,536 48,406 5,866 2,642 31.3 38.8 36.0 22.2 5.1 37,736 51,548 62,888 5,910 6,515 1,327 74,751 93,536 112,431 24,156 50,996 23, 812 40, 224 43,631 6,410 3,366 31.9 43.0 38.8 26.5 6.6 69,431 80,587 100,227 19,180 47,677 30,617 42,441 66,118 5,906 6,837 44 1 62.7 Florida North Central division 12 3 23,851 576 2.4 26,086 1,178 4.7 22,062 1,786 Ohio 9,204 5,682 7,253 1,514 198 25,529 137 85 331 20 3 1,966 1.5 1.5 4.6 1.3 1.5 7.7 422 396 413 86 11 4,188 9,443 5,899 7,938 1,576 230 26,911 386 291 471 52 6 2,181 3.8 4.9 5.9 3.3 2.2 8.4 9,336 5,022 6,940 1,829 226 25,526 643 606 504 120 14 4,061 6.9 10.1 8.6 7.8 6.2 15.9 Indiana Michigan 288 1,232 17,328 36 40 482 6,123 536,106 2 31 1,786 0.7 2.5 10.3 17 55 3,634 4 3 48 427 201,451 324 1,301 17,674 28 42 643 8,899 469,344 6 62 1,878 1.6 4.8 10.6 311 1,142 17,059 38 45 870 6,060 410,056 254,837 6 59 3,465 4 3 70 446 187,284 1.6 5.2 20.3 10.5 6.7 8.0 7.3 45.7 Iowa Missouri North Dakota South Dakota 7 140 176, 672 1.5 2.3 33.0 13 223 163,092 2.0 3.8 34.7 South Central division . 316, 984 108,061 33.1 122, 026 283,363 98,633 34.8 115,138 33,165 59,343 105,926 118,560 219, 122 4,952 14,900 47,249 37,960 71,611 14.9 25.1 44.6 32.0 32.7 11,405 20,201 60,749 39,670 79,426 31,333 56,989 93,246 102, 796 185,981 6,989 14,446 41,841 36,358 64,459 19.1 26.8 44.9 35.4 34.7 30,467 52,469 81,609 90,392 155,219 10,785 18,779 45,490 40,081 72,149 — - Tennessee 46.5 Louisiana 82,803 46,714 4,661 2,247 82,697 2,179 41,125 13,716 2,001 121 14,648 36 49.7 29.4 42.9 5.4 17.7 1.7 45,379 15,485 69,091 41,231 4,171 2,114 69, 374 2,317 36,643 11,434 1,344 118 16, 020 92 52.9 27.7 32.2 6.6 21.7 4.0 61,940 37,216 40,162 13,841 Indian Territory 35.8 Oklahoma 65 18,497 263 286 56,777 2,079 27 18,619 247 Texas 9.4 33.4 11.9 858 15 1.7 126 1,000 33 3.3 834 88 10.6 91 18 45 693 111 126 4 4.4 24 3 5 16 78 18 86 21 78 675 140 158 4 4.7 59 17 54 629 175 90 3 4 2 27 62 33 Idaho 5.1 Wyoming 3 8 18 11 3.8 1.2 12.9 7.0 23.5 Colorado . 3 8 9 0.6 7.2 7.1 3.7 5.1 Sasin and Plateau 29.7 36.7 Utah ;!!;;.;!.;.'..; 87 33 6 1,195 9 10.3 2 15 1 119 107 44 7 1,159 10 9.3 32 41 17 1,156 7 19 7. 126 21.9 Nevada 1 48 iil' 4.1 46.3 Pacific . 12 1.0 41.2 10.9 70 971 24' 6 2' 10 i' 1 2.'9" 1.0 i'.i' 16.7 6 22 92 168 61 940 19 435 5 3 40 41" 3.2 4.9 4.3 9."4" 94 84 977 16 7 103 17.0 Calnomia 8.3 Hawaii 10.5 ■ See 63 cplanatorj notes on pa ge99. GENERAL TABLES. 151 Table 19. -CONJUGAL CONDITION OF THE NEGRO POPULATION CLASSIFIED BY SEX, BY STATES AND TERRITORIES ARRANGED GEOGRAPHICALLY: 1900. MALES. FEMALES. STATE OR TERRITORY. Total. Single. Married. Wid- owed. Di- vorced. Un- known. Total. Single. Married. Wid- owed. Di- vorced. Un- known. 4,393,221 2,792,406 1,423,628 151,335 11,065 14,887 4, 447, 568 2,559,752 1,444,675 414, 154 22,046 7,041 Continental United States' 4,386,547 2,786,680 1,423,039 151,245 11,028 14,655 4, 447, 447 2,659,682 1,444,583 414,161 22,043 7,088 188, 290 109,696 69, 971 7,286 359 979 196, 730 101,787 71,175 22,619 683 566 28,579 16,280 10,799 1,247 92 161 30, 620 15,699 10, 797 3,769 166 99 Maine 670 327 464 15,591 4,290 7,247 159,711 381 191 271 8,906 2,421 4,110 93,416 243 108 161 6,936 1,653 2,708 69,172 29 21 19 606 187 385 6,038 7 3 3 36 17 26 267 10 4 10 107 12 18 818 649 835 372 16,883 4,802 7,979 166,210 356 188 211 8,354 2,410 4,180 86,088 210 102 120 5,851 1,697 2,817 60,878 78 38 38 2,036 647 923 18,860 3 6 3 60 43 51 417 2 1 83 6 8 Southern North Atlantic 467 46, 618 33,745 79, 348 1,836,525 26,666 19, 166 47,684 1,186,716 17,973 12, 923 28,276 584,441 1,761 1,222 3,056 55, 160 85 47 135 2,543 133 387 298 6,665 62,614 86,099 77,497 1,893,492 26, 847 18,426 40,816 1,126,545 18,606 18,468 28,814 697,593 6,906 3,909 8,046 160,829 160 78 179 6,644 96 228 143 2,881 Northern South Atlantic 518, 207 334,665 163,111 17,631 759 2,141 638,477 319, 145 166, 446 60, 479 1,240 1,167 15, 616 115,617 38,348 323,459 25, 167 1, 317, 318 9,735 72,331 21,974 213,977 16,648 852,051 5,108 38,289 14,672 97,910 7,232 421,330 657 4,147 1,683 10,258 786 37, 629 22 137 90 427 83 1,784 94 713 29 887 418 4,524 15,081 119, 447 48,364 337,263 18, 332 1,355,015 8,466 68,332 25, 763 206,271 10,323 807,400 5,200 39,264 15,501 100,058 6,423 431,147 1,363 11,131 6,864 29,682 1,469 110, 350 21 248 212 688 71 4,404 41, 472 District oi Columbia Virginia 34 664 West Vlreinia 56 Southern South Atlantic 1,714 North Carolina 303,624 383, 626 509,869 120, 199 255, 717 200, 722 260,398 325,135 76,796 151,043 93,003 122,701 166,439 39,187 88,961 8,512 9,616 15,320 4,181 12, 817 311 195 908 370 1,570 1,076 716 2,067 665 1,326 320,845 398, 695 524,944 110,581 240,034 200, 260 241,843 304,861 60, 936 120, 404 95,949 125,961 170, 166 89,071 88,605 23,643 29, 914 47,120 9,678 28,470 641 675 2,393 695 2,099 362 302 904 Florida 156 666 Eastern North Central 134,445 77,935 47,810 7,026 927 747 123,897 60, 866 46,886 14,683 1,190 272 Ohio 49,985 29,701 45,121 8,220 1,418 121,272 28,985 17,104 26,362 4,682 852 73,108 17,970 10,414 15,910 3,045 471 41, 151 2,549 1,668 2,280 456 74 5,791 , 274 323 268 65 7 643 207 192 801 38 14 579 46,916 27,804 39,957 7,696 1,124 116, 637 23,802 13,729 18,579 3,693 563 60,038 17,698 10,284 15,633 2,949 422 41,619 5,091 8,360 5,248 871 123 13,787 347 880 376 72 15 909 78 Indiana 61 lUinois 121 Michigan 11 1 Western North Central 284 2,836 6,875 81,206 173 272 3,368 26,542 2,089,879 1,678, 3,924 49, 615 120 182 2,113 15, 476 1,328,541 985 2,487 27,083 37 76 1,082 9,401 674, 309 113 338 3,812 14 9 141 1,364 75, 184 24 76 375 1 3 20 144 6,421 36 50 321 1 2 12 157 6,424 2,123 5,818 80,028 113 193 2,901 25, 461 2, 104, 078 979 2,816 41,486 66 97 1,465 13,129 1,205,044 869 2,346 27,830 36 76 1,048 9,414 682,054 237 681 9,955 11 18 354 2,631 200,470 81 48 582 7 Iowa South Dakota 2 26 221 13,629 Nebraska South Central division 2,976 Eastern South Central 1,243,082 790, 276 402,038 44,559 3,317 2,892 1,256,804 719,387 406,564 121, 944 7,178 1,741 142,073 238,388 409,237 453,384 846,797 88,307 151,280 260,857 289,832 538,265 46, 149 76,074 133,022 146,793 272, 271 6,397 9,520 13, 623 15,019 30,625 608 664 1,079 976 3,104 612 860 656 764 2,532 142,633 241, 855 418,070 454,246 847,269 77,962 186,835 241,818 263,282 485,657 46,827 77,118 134, 363 148,246 275,600 16,401 25,928 39,737 39,878 78, 526 1,109 1,444 2,339 2,286 6,361 344 630 313 554 1,285 Tennessee Mississippi ^ Western South Central 322,664 185, 342 19,147 9,509 310, 135 17,136 204, 121 115, 151 12, 024 5,541 201,428 10,584 106, 544 61,006 6,152 3,497 95,072 5,357 10,830 8,000 820 391 10,684 799 752 630 71 49 1,602 135 417 555 80 31 1,449 261 328, 140 181, 514' 17, 706 9,322 310,587 13, 118 186, 164 102,305 10,116 5,082 182,040 5,902 108, 844 61, 140 6,062 3,496 96,458 6,206 31, 697 16,634 1,864 672 28,169 1,768 1,667 1,208 119 95 3,267 188 268 232 45 27 663 Arkansas -•- Texas Western division 59 Rocky Mountain 7,205 4,228 2,417 354 58 148 5,731 2,454 2,862 792 92 41 912 166 631 4,473 1,023 1,899 630 111 443 2,391 663 1,426 223 60 149 1,706 289 364 43 5 32 235 39 77 6 10 611 127 809 4,097 687 755 263 60 177 1,700 254 834 235 49 116 1,701 251 321 99 14 11 595 78 84 13 3 3 64 9 12 1 1 4 35 13 13 3 106 29 19 37 Basin and Plateau 4 1,363 ■ 454 82 8,032 1,035 336 55 4,930 253 93 18 ' 2,576 66 16 6 368 9 4 10 6 3 94 485 218 62 6,632 207 99 28 8,114 216 89 16 2,533 54 23 7 887 7 4 1 84 1 3 Utah Pacific 64 14 Washington 1,589 677 5,766 151 158 6,365 1,023 467 3,440 138 103 5,585 462 173 1,941 10 43 436 72 27 269 2 9 79 13 9 42 19 1 74 1 ""231' 925 428 5,279 17 75 29 400 221 2,493 4 58 8 412 142 1,979 7 16 19 101 57 729 2 1 9 8 67 2 3 Oregon 1\ Alaska 2 Hawaii 3 34 1 1 1 See explanatory notes on page 99. 152 NEGROES IN THE UNITED STATES. Table 20.— CONJUGAL CONDITION OF THE NEGEO POPULATION CLASSIFIED BY SEX. AND AGE PEEIODS, MALES. GEOGKAPHIC DIVISION, STATE OK TEBBITOKY, AND CONJUGAL CONDITION. United States 1. Single Married... Widowed . Divorced. . Unknown. Continental United States ' . Single Married... Widowed . Divorced.. Unknown. North Atlantic division. Single Married... Widowed .. Divorced.. Unknown. New England. Single Married Widowed . Divorced.. Unknown. Southern North Atlantic. Single Married . . . Widowed . Divorced. . Unknown. South Atlantic division. Single Married . . . Widowed . Divorced.. Unknown. Northern South Atlantic. Single Married . . . Widowed . Divorced., Unknown. Southern South Atlantic. Single Married... Widowed . Divorced.. Unknown. North Central division. Single Married . . . Widowed . Divorced.. Unknown. Eastern North Central . Single Married... Widowed . Divorced. . Unknown. Western North Central . Single Married... Widowed . Divorced.. Unknown . Aggregate. 4,393,221 2,792,406 1,423,528 151, 335 11,065 14,887 4,386,547 2, 786, 580 1,423,039 151,245 11,028 14,655 188,290 109, 696 69,971 7,285 359 979 28, 579 16,280 10, 799 1,247 92 161 159, 711 93,416 59, 172 6,038 267 818 1,835,625 1,186,716 584,441 55,160 2,543 6,665 518, 207 334, 665 163, 111 17, 531 769 2,141 1,317,318 862,061 421,330 37,629 1,784 4,624 265,717 151,043 88,961 12,817 1,670 1,326 134,445 77,935 47,810 7,026 927 747 121,272 78, 108 41,151 6,791 643 679 Under 16 years. 1,753,688 1,763,344 163 12 2 77 1,753,639 16 to 19 years. 464,362 8,196 278 56 1,304 473, 750 45,006 44,994 6 1 6,907 38, 087 6 1 4 771, 971 771,855 69 10 1 36 195, 940 196,895 28 576,031 463,928 8,196 278 55 1,293 15,711 15,619 156 6 1 31 2,306 4 13, 406 13, 226 147 4 1 27 199,211 3,862 103 11 712 68,068 20 to 24 years. 462, 204 298, 301 155,077 5,019 872 2,936 458, 921 295, 175 166, 016 5,013 864 2,853 24,276 26 to 29 years. 362,063 120, 122 228, 366 10,033 1,750 1,802 360,697 118, 826 228,245 10,008 1,740 1,778 24,397 19, 139 4,936 91 13 97 3,207 2,529 641 16 1 21 21, 069 16, 610 4,296 76 12 76 187,8^4 119,291 65,278 1,584 154 1,547 53, 529 576,960 41 2 28 69,464 69,U48 33,899 4 6 35,656 35,649 4 17 2 177 146,841 141, 729 3,482 86 9 26,078 24, 786 226 7 4 65 12,356 12,223 106 6 1 20 12,723 12,663 120 2 40,712 12, 177 247 134, 325 12, 146 11,811 292 3,547 1,799 1,676 37 14 21 20, 860 30 to 34 years. 262,784 65,422 193,366 U, 336 1,578 1,083 262, 130 54,902 193, 269 11,315 1,672 1,072 19,107 6,676 31,781 632 60 68 2,749 10,347 10, 136 255 29 84 137,118 42,080 90,828 3,008 338 864 40, 336 78,579 53, 101 1,337 121 1,187 28,454 22,336 6,725 218 63 112 14, 962 11,913 2,862 109 30 48 13,492 10,423 2,863 109 33 64 16,737 22,669 647 79 214 96, 782 25,343 68,169 2,361 259 650 26,786 13,635 12,243 600 186 121 14,725 7,744 6,498 816 102 66 12,060 5,891 5,746 284 84 56 955 1,699 75 13 7 16,358 5,721 10,082 457 37 61 36 to 44 years. 45 to 64 years. 66 to 64 years. 412,925 64,621 326,383 27, 937 2,808 1,226 412, 461 54, 368 326, 172 27, 912 2,797 1,222 28, 661 6,842 20,042 1,584 109 84 4,285 1,018 2,972 243 28 24 24,376 323, 824 23, 365 263, 565 33,920 2,223 771 323,683 23,267 263,510 33,914 2,222 770 16,826 2,676 12,333 1,782 86 49 3,028 18, 760 76, 639 3,699 358 623 30,218 8,064 20,938 992 99 126 69,651 10,686 66,701 2,607 259 7,527 12,966 892 222 74 12, 207 4,471 7,084 479 134 9,473 ' See explanatory notes on page ! 8,066 5,881 413 ^5 6,824 17, 070 1,841 81 60 165,298 18,795 136,376 9,932 636 560 55,576 8,566 43,275 3,333 223 179 109, 722 10,229 92,101 6,699 412 381 35,814 7,910 24,484 2,828 484 108 19, 962 4,634 13,393 1,578 295 62 16,862 3,276 11,091 1,260 189 4S 451 2,222 320 24 11 13,797 183, 309 9,637 144,036 28,084 1,104 448 183, 284 9,626 144, 027 28, 080 1,103 448 8,268 972 5,801 1,431 33 31 1,491 65 years and over. 133,036 170 1,027 279 6 9 6,777 2,124 10, 111 1,462 62 8,137 105, 183 12,000 632 335 40,592 3,656 82,560 4,075 178 124 85,596 4,482 72,623 7,926 364 211 23,696 3,065 17, 192 319 81 13,043 1,810 9,323 1,675 192 43 10,653 1,265 7,869 1,364 127 802 4,774 1,162 27 22 77, 987 3,713 62,710 11,041 334 189 23, 422 1,635 18, 087 3,534 87 79 64,566 2,078 44,623 7,607 247 110 13,286 1,136 9,486 2,444 181 7,370 676 6,202 1,363 102 27 5,916 460 4,284 1,081 79 12 6,108 92,638 33,337 668 496 133,026 6,103 92,636 33,334 558 495 4,743 485 2,716 1,499 21 22 869 85 492 269 6 3,884 400 2,224 1,230 16 15 57, 168 2,563 40, 719 13, 518 161 207 17, 616 1,129 11,828 4,526 54 79 39,552 1,434 28,891 8,992 107 128 8,958 586 5,609 2,607 90 66 4,756 336 2,913 1,412 54 41 4,202 250 2,696 1,196 GENERAL TABLES. 153 BY GEOGEAPHIO DIVISIONS AND BY STATES AND TERRITORIES ARRANGED ALPHABETICALLY: 1900. FEMALES. OEOGKAPHIC DIVISION, STATE OK TERRITORY, AND CONJUGAL CONDITION. United States! . Single Harried . . . Widowed . Divorced . . Unknown . Continental United States i Single Married . . . Widowed . Divorced . . Unknown - North Atlantic division. Single Married . . . Widowed . Divorced.. Unknown. New England. Single Married . . . Widowed . Divorced.. Unknown. Southern North Atlantic. Single Married . . . Widowed . Divorced.. Unknown. South Atlantic division. Single Married... Widowed . Divorced.. Unknown. Northern South Atlantic . Single Married... Widowed . Divorced.. Unknown. Southern Sotith Atlantic. Single Married... Widowed . Divorced.. Unknown. North Central division. Single Married . . . Widowed . Divorced.. Unknown. Eastern North Central . Single Married . . . Widowed . Divorced.. Unknown. Western North Central . Single Married . . . Widowed . Divorced.. Unknown. Aggregate. 2,559,752 1,444,575 414, 154 22,046 7,041 4, 447, 447 2, 559, 682 1,444,533 414, 151 22,043 7,038 196, 730 101, 787 71, 175 22, 619 583 566 30,520 15, 699 10, 797 3,759 166 166, 210 86,088 60, 378 18, 860 417 467 1,893,492 1,126,545 597,593 160,829 5,644 2,881 638, 477 319, 145 166, 446 60,479 1,240 1,167 1, 355, 015 807, 400 431, 147 110, 350 4,404 1,714 240,034 120, 404 88,506 28,470 2,099 556 123, 397 60, 366 46,886 14, 683 1,190 272 116, 637 60,038 41,619 13, 787 909 284 Under 15 yeara. 1, 756, 916 1,756,051 716 44 10 95 1, 756, 864 1, 755, 999 716 44 10 95 48, 065 48, 040 10 1 4 7,457 7,454 2 1 40,598 40, 586 8 1 777, 321 16 to 19 years. 50S, 281 776,924 321 12 7 57 199, 611 199,555 35 4 17 577, 710 577,369 286 71,099 71, 077 20 35, 056 7 36, 021 13 423,047 79,501 4,341 713 679 608, 272 423, 040 79, 499 4,341 713 679 19, 799 17, 909 1,806 63 7 24 2,805 20 to 24 years. 510, 266 202, 896 278,444 23,970 3,923 1,032 510, 251 202, 892 278, 436 23, 969 3,922 1,032 28, 660 2,562 224 13 1 6 16, 994 16,347 1,582 40 6 19 219, 956 185,677 32,386 1,355 184 354 60, 924 55, 399 5,262 163 19 91 169, 032 130, 278 27, 124 1,202 165 22, 570 3,148 133 40 27 12, 730 11,095 1,652 68 21 4 13,188 11,475 1,596 75 19 23 16, 494 11,382 561 76 57 4,036 25 to 29 years. 376, 893 77, 610 261, 644 32,316 4,671 652 376, 882 77, 607 261,637 32, 316 4,G70 652 24, 611 2,453 1,476 74 20 13 24,525 14,041 9,907 477 66 44 212,813 87, 123 116,341 7,909 970 470 69,484 31,391 26,479 1,294 138 182 153,329 68, 732 89, 862 6,615 832 288 27, 703 13; 594 12, 783 292 6,994 6,647 160 14 13, 500 6,600 6,286 500 132 32 14,845 1,282 103 48 1,266 2,170 170 28 16 20, 961 7,067 12, 676 1,112 76 32 149,630 31, 893 105, 397 11,047 1,038 265 44, 023 12, 982 28,376 2,344 216 105 105, 607 18, 911 77,021 8,703 822 150 24, 794 6,237 16, 121 1,962 446 38 13, 193 8,604 1,019 257 24 11, 601 2,848 7,617 933 189 14 30 to 34 years. 33, 918 192, 033 32, 493 3,623 423 262,477 33,916 192,023 32, 493 3,622 423 17, 389 3,764 11, 667 1,834 92 32 2,583 600 1,707 244 24 14,806 3,164 9,960 1,690 68 24 105, 603 14, 691 77, 907 11,996 943 166 32,428 6,264 22,766 3,140 203 66 73, 175 8,337 55, 142 8,856 740 100 18, 461 2,591 13,274 2,216 10,037 1,481 7,217 1,128 191 20 8,424 1,110 6,057 1,087 168 12 35 to 44 years. 34, 145 310, 662 78, 795 6,207 647 429, 442 34,144 310, 650 78, 794 5,207 647 27, 171 4,066 17,611 6,261 192 52 4,453 736 2,850 800 52 15 22, 718 14, 761 4,451 140 37 177,496 16, 472 129,463 30,926 1,361 275 68, 666 6,899 41, 466 9,803 118, 831 8,673 87, 997 21, 122 992 147 30,781 2,427 22, 100 6,636 675 44 16,643 1,364 11, 927 3,000 14,138 1,063 10, 173 2,635 239 28 46 to 64 years. 293, 692 14,934 191,915 83,898 2,461 484 14,933 191, 912 2,461 484 1,680 8,948 5,386 76 2,840 319 1,636 944 27 14 13,283 1,361 7,412 4,442 49 19 122, 653 7,204 80,847 33,586 727 190 40, 566 3,433 25, 100 11,733 210 90 81,987 3,771 55,747 21,852 617 100 19,885 919 12, 621 6,164 245 36 10,580 613 6,710 3,192 143 22 9,305 406 6,811 2,972 102 14 66 to 64 years. 167, 580 6,499 81,799 68, 072 829 381 157,679 6,499 81,799 68,071 829 381 7,987 699 3,350 3,896 28 14 1,440 141 570 713 12 4 6,647 568 2,780 3,183 16 10 66,538 3,147 35,447 27, 525 250 169 22, 401 1,413 11, 115 9,727 58 44, 137 1,734 24,332 17,798 192 81 10,695 386 5,325 4,874 87 24 5,676 208 2,856 2,547 52 13 5,019 177 2,469 2,327 35 11 65 years and over. 128,338 5,567 37, 076 84, 762 338 605 128, 338 5,557 37,076 84,762 338 605 6,001 561 1,249 4,169 5 27 1,110 121 225 759 2 3 4,891 430 1,024 3,410 3 24 54, 153 2,651 16,284 34, 871 107 240 17, 827 1,134 4,845 11,723 21 104 36,326 1,617 11, 439 23,148 86 136 8,609 322 2,328 5,882 32 45 4,384 165 1,189 2,993 13 24 4,225 157 1,139 2,889 19 21 ' See explanatory notes on page i 154 NEGROES IN THE UNITED STATES. Table 20.-C0NJUGAL CONDITION OF THE NEGRO POPULATION CLASSIFIED BY SEX AND AGE PERIODS, BY MALES. GEOGRAPHIC DIVISION, STATE OR TERRITORY, AND CONJUGAL CONDITION. Aggregate. Under 15 years. 15 to 19. years. 20 to 24 years. 26 to 29 years. 30 to 34 years. 85 to 44 years. 46 to 54 years. es to 64 years. 65 years and over. Age un- known. South Central division 2,089,879 863,834 227,887 216,234 170,342 119,658 179,435 155,088 82, 922 61,678 12,901 Single 1,328,541 674,309 75,184 6,421 5,424 1,243,082 863,734 70 1 1 28 610,024 223,256 3,942 163 39 488 138,444 132,573 78,864 3,109 626 1,072 129,141 49, 678 112,766 6,081 1,159 668 99,960 20,970 91,043 6,236 921 389 70,164 19,661 144, 438 13,367 1,629 450 106,642 8,952 127,697 16,891 1,253 296 92,466 3,619 66,558 13,021 643 181 51,601 2,364 43,290 15,568 279 197 38,858 3,755 Married Unknown 1,656 Eastern South Central . 6,883 Single 790,276 402,038 44,559 3,317 2,892 846,797 509,968 41 1 1 13 353,810 135,593 2,482 98 20 261 89,443 79,632 46,894 1,837 315 663 87,093 29,651 65,902 3,622 551 334 70,382 12,633 63,236 3,625 468 203 49,394 11,842 84,962 7,824 789 235 73,793 5,285 76,506 9,834 688 162 62,623 2,225 41,099 7,785 288 104 31,421 1,447 27, 473 9,640 170 128 22,820 2,100 Married 3,464 Widowed 393 27 909 Western South Central 6,018 Single 538,265 272,271 30,625 3,104 2,532 17,136 353,766 29 87,682 1,460 66 19 237 1,176 53,041 31,960 1,272 311 609 2,103 20,027 46,854 2,559 608 334 1,966 8,337 37,808 2,610 463 186 1,916 7,809 59,486 6,543 740 215 3,263 3,667 51,191 7,057 566 143 1,887 1,394 24,469 6,236 256 77 821 907 15,817 6,918 109 69 478 1,655 3,207 Widowed 365 Divorced 44 15 3,264 747 284 Single ».. 10,584 5,357 799 136 261 7,206 3,264 1,157 11 1,836 223 11 8 26 811 1,287 607 27 14 20 939 979 841 67 21 18 852 1,160 1,832 201 40 20 1,416 538 1,105 202 32 10 795 186 472 143 12 8 353 115 201 152 7 3 116 62 65 Widowed 6 1 7 483 160 1,271 169 Single 4,228 2,417 364 58 148 1,899 1,27] 478 4 680 119 6 5 2 533 564 347 13 9 6 331 400 410 31 6 6 202 489 799 102 15 11 281 229 453 .90 18 5 143 71 205 71 3 3 67 22 52 39 2 1 38 24 Married 28 Widowed 3 1 99 114 207 S 1,426 364 77 13 19 8,032 207 96 3 512 14 3 1 3 759 276 47 7 113 73 11 3 2 862 128 124 19 6 5 1,556 65 59 16 3 1 949 18 29 9 1 10 14 13 1 Married 1 Widowed 1 685 1 324 Pacific 1,786 693 411 107 Single 4,930 2,676 368 64 94 409,237 1,786 583 4 644 90 3 2 20 42,373 447 213 7 6 13 31,975 466 868 15 12 11 21,686 543 909 80 20 4 28,560 244 693 97 11 4 35,080 97 238 63 8 5 16,976 83 136 100 6 1 12,762 Married Widowed 3 j^ 6 45,380 30 2,433 173,014 Single 260,857 133,022 13,623 1,079 656 161 172,994 13 1 1 5 44,648 743 30 6 53 25,227 16,381 643 109 113 68 8,470 22,171 1,088 176 70 31 3,496 16,919 1,084 140 46 20 2,837 23,466 1,988 224 46 22 1,445 29,962 3,383 265 36 8 562 13,024 2,273 93 23 368 9,218 3,105 56 26 920 1,135 128 10 240 2 Married Single 138 10 2 68 30 1 18 1 1 14 7 1 7 1 1 Married Widowed Divorced 1 1,363 1 1 147 68 397 248 143 211 96 33 19 Single 1,036 253 66 9 10 186,342 147 66 2 381 9 3 1 3 19, 698 205 35 7 82 49 9 1 2 10, 812 96 92 16 6 3 15,376 43 41 10 2 10 17 6 4 8 6 1 Widowed Divorced Unknown 1 16,513 1 4,503 74,466 19,782 16,603 7,137 1,662 116,161 61,006 8,000 630 655 6,766 74,461 4 19,496 243 13 4 27 473 12,236 7,015 318 61 78 472 4,311 10,323 701 126 63 414 1,706 8,283 727 73 24 614 1,461 12,303 1,416 149 47 1,068 731 13,500 2,096 161 26 686 230 6,468 1,386 46 7 322 128 3,099 1,245 23 8 274 Married 403 768 98 Unknown 1 1,480 1,480 8 285 74 Single 3,440 1,941 269 42 74 466 2 383 66 2 2 19 237 161 5 2 9 237 252 9 7 9 322 668 67 10 1 163 469 60 9 4 74 191 48 7 2 70 lis 86 4 1 Married 19 Widowed 29 2 Unknown 6 1 23 GENERAL TABLES. 155 GEOGRAPHIC DIVISIONS AND BY STATES AND TERRITORIES ARRANGED ALPHABETICALLY: 1900— Continued. FEMALES. GEOGRAPHIC DIVISION, STATE OR TERRITORY, AND CONJUGAL CONDITION. Aggregate. Under 15 years. 15 to 19 years. 20 to 24 years. 25 to 29 years. SO to 84 yeajs. 85 to 44 years. 45 to 54 years. 65 to 64 years. 66 years and over. Age un- known. South Central division . 2,104,073 857, 082 241, 457 239, 754 176, 294 119,679 191,761 133, 998 71,868 59,218 » 1,205,044 682,054 200, 470 13,529 2,976 1,256,804 856,655 361 31 2 33 604,018 195,905 42,008 2,792 479 273 144,919 85,021 137, 264 14,456 2,571 462 143,928 30,723 124, 331 17,899 3,041 300 104,988 12,750 88,266 16,275 2,211 187 71,774 11,992 139, 956 36,629 3,016 269 116,670 6,062 88,937 88,383 1,395 221 82,149 2,243 37, 475 31,523 454 173 44,381 2,019 17, 136 39,584 191 289 37,059 Married Divorced 779 Eastern South Central . Single 719,387 406,564 121,944 7,178 1,741 847,269 603,761 223 13 2 19 353,064 118, 648 24,335 1,562 231 143 96, 638 62,996 80,991 8,366 1,302 274 95,826 19,524 73,133 10,568 1,697 176 71,306 8,459 52, 287 9,696 1,209 123 47,905 8,234 84,271 22,349 1,641 175 76, 091 3,444 64, 208 23, 609 755 133 51,849 1,487 23, 126 19,406 254 108 27, 487 1,346 10,685 24, 761 99 178 22,169 Manied 3, 296 1,634 88 412 Widowed Divorced Western South Central 485, 657 275,500 78,626 6,351 1,235 13,118 362,894 138 18 77,267 17,673 1,230 248 130 1,142 32,026 66,263 6,090 1,269 178 1,421 11,199 51,198 7,341 1,444 124 1,553 4,291 35,969 6,579 1,002 64 1,345 3,768 55,684 14,180 1,375 94 2,233 1,618 34,729 14,774 640 88 1,129 766 14,349 12,117 200 65 491 673 6,460 14. 833 92 111 357 1,185 3,047 1,364 81 367 140 Married Widowed Divorced 14 3,307 Western division. 6,902 5,206 1,763 188 59 5,731 3,303 4 979 151 8 3 1 617 660 676 66 13 7 663 421 943 136 42 11 766 220 919 173 27 6 648 188 1,521 454 63 7 996 68 659 380 18 4 467 25 202 253 10 1 194 14 80 256 3 4 112 24 61 38 9 18 63 Married Widowed Divorced ■RnnVy MniTntfliTi 1,315 Single 2,454 2,352 792 92 41 755 1,314 1 434 76 3 3 1 69 278 336 38 6 5 93 189 473 61 25 8 102 98 441 93 12 4 78 82 666 220 34 4 130 30 253 174 7 3 67 10 79 101 3 1 17 4 15 88 1 4 16 15 22 Widowed 1 11 5 Unknown ■198 Single 334 321 84 12 4 6,632 197 1 40 18 1 38 60 5 26 62 10 3 1 695 10 59 6 3 1 619 13 85 27 5 6 30 22 3 11 3 2 5 10 1 Widowed 1 Unknown 2 1,794 666 666 1,107 605 280 229 72 3,114 2,533 887 84 14 418,070 1,792 2 505 67 4 344 290 22 7 2 47,941 206 408 66 14 2 34,048 112 il9 75 12 1 23,359 93 780 207 24 3 37,803 33 376 184 11 1 27,460 12 112 149 7 10 60 168 1 7 Married 29 Widowed 23 Divorced 8 6 170, 690 47,866 14,162 12,331 2,610 Single 241,318 134,363 39, 737 2,339 313 17 170,613 64 2 1 10 3 39,369 7,914 482 61 40 17, 109 27,673 2,696 416 47 1 6,076 23,862 3,568 514 28 3 2,858 16,880 3,190 419 12 4 2,779 27,107 7,346 546 25 3 1,113 18,443 7,640 242 22 463 7,614 6,094 75 16 1 395 3,717 8,170 25 24 643 Married 1,189 649 Widowed .- Divorced 40 89 Alaska 2 4 7 2 2 2 485 3 1 1 4 2 1 1 1 1 2 128 39 06 71 53 82 33 7 6 1 207 216 54 7 1 181,514 127 1 25 13 1 25 36 4 14 46 8 3 6 42 \ 7 66 17 2 2 19 12 2 3 2 Married Widowed 6 1 75,306 21,449 21,155 15,348 10, 146 16,835 11,409 5,475 3,943 1,449 102,305 61,140 16,634 1,203 232 5,279 75,269 30 3 17,017 4,073 306 31 22 467 6,380 12,898 1,560 282 35 601 1,890 11,340 1,810 281 ■ 27 504 632 7,878 1,433 187 15 467 466 12,148 2,973 236 12 842 218 7,946 3,109 120 16 510 106 2,895 2,413 51 10 237 77 1,158 2,686 10 13 194 250 774 Widowed 342 5 Unknown 4 1,496 78 California 61 Single •. 2,493 1,979 729 67 11 1,495 1 421 43 3 260 216 17 6 2 123 319 50 10 2 79 322 56 10 63 602 166 18 3 29 308 164 9 10 91 131 5 9 52 132 1 4 26 Widowed 20 Divorced 8 Unknown 4 156 NEGROES IN THE UNITED STATES. Table 20.— CONJUGAL CONDITION OF THE NEGRO POPULATION CLASSIFIED BY SEX AND AGE PERIODS, BY MAXES. GEOGRAPHIC DIVISION, STATE OR TERRITORY, AND CONJUGAL CONDITION. Aggregate. 4,473 Under 15 years. 16 to 19 years. 20 to 24 years. 26 to 29 years. 30 to 84 years. 36 to 41 years. 46 to 64 years. 66 to 64 years. 66 years and over. Age un- known. Colorado 871 310 408 644 630 876 500 229 76 129 Single- 2,391 1,706 235 35 106 7,247 871 307 3 322 79 5 1 1 788 283 245 8 6 3 822 196 309 19 4 3 607 240 649 69 10 8 1,002 110 318 66 13 3 789 35 144 46 2 2 422 9 38 29 19 Married 21 3 Unknown 86 1,908 612 276 21 Single 4,110 2,708 385 26 18 15, 616 1,908 607 4 601 177 6 1 3 1,638 379 432 9 1 1 1,365 189 399 18 231 700 58 10 3 1,940 112 675 95 7 54 268 96 3 1 770 25 142 102 4 3 627 4 11 Widowed 1 Divorced Unknown 1 1,669 1 1,008 5 Delaware , 5,266 1,363 90 Single 9,735 5,108 657 22 94 38,348 5,266 1,642 15 3 1,262 341 2 572 739 23 2 19 3,946 292 673 29 6 9 3,049 388 1,421 120 7 4 6,394 175 1,027 151 4 6 3,887 70 542 146 4 8 1,917 45 311 170 33 Married 39 Widowed 13 9 3,813 33 4,581 1 1,105 5 10,622 34 Single 21,974 14,672 1,683 90 29 120, 199 10,620 2 3,782 29 1 3,410 1,138 26 6 2 14,928 1,646 2,221 66 13 871 2,066 103 9 1,001 3,996 362 31 4 12,576 406 3,041 419 17 4 8,042 148 1,411 360 8 84 668 357 6 6 Married 10 Widowed Divorced Unknown 1 11,757 18 44, 104 12,144 8,748 4,104 2,801 996 Single 75,796 39,187 4,181 370 665 509,869 44, 097 5 11, 528 198 7 10,061 4,584 162 17 114 62,280 4,697 7,003 306 60 78 39,788 2,221 6,996 402 74 66 28,582 1,978 9,481 969 100 57 43, 931 645 6,343 966 77 21 32,854 221 3,186 663 23 11 20,131 118 1,960 697 16 10 15,104 240 432 29 3 292 2,167 Married . . . Widowed Divorced Unknown 2 222,250 24 52, 792 Georgia Single 325, 135 166,439 16,320 908 2,067 158 222,216 21 1 51, 165 1,327 43 6 261 12 29,839 21,153 604 79 605 12 10,125 28,163 1,089 132 289 7 4,246 22,811 1,182 137 207 11 4,108 36,686 2,742 226 170 29 1,666 27, 718 3,209 168 93 19 756 16,389 2,840 101 45 12 603 10,992 3,511 50 48 10 512 1,190 99 9 347 1 Married Widowed Unknown 12 45 Hawaii . Single 103 43 9 3 45 12 12 3 4 6 5 9 15 4 1 6 11 1 1 5 5 1 1 5 2 3 1 Widowed ^ Unknown Idaiio 166 22 10 26 14 15 41 17 16 4 Single 111 60 5 22 10 25 1 13 1 10 5 18 22 1 7 9 1 4 10 2 2 1 1 Married • Widowed , Divorced Unknown Illinois 45,121 10,373 4,018 6,325 6,628 4,794 7,145 4,052 2,048 1,246 492 26,362 15,910 2,280 268 301 19,147 10,370 1 3,963 42 2 4,282 976 36 7 24 2,037 3,107 2,346 112 33 30 1,654 1,922 2,621 191 45 15 1,196 1,810 4,609 599 103 24 1,909 550 2,853 693 42 14 1,442 188 1,451 378 24 7 646 62 824 338 8 14 405 Married 108 Widowed ... 187 SI 2 7,651 11 2,060 6 Indian Territory 160 247 12,024 6,162 820 71 80 29,701 7,547 1 2,012 28 3 1,343 638 38 8 10 3,352 524 1,029 80 12 9 3,138 206 892 86 12 2 2,446 216 1,471 202 17 3 4,045 82 1,151 194 15 25 506 107 6 2 1,679 14 296 95 56 Widowed 141 16 3 7,993 17 2,890 1 2,879 i 991 33 288 Single 17,104 10,414 1,668 323 192 6,875 7,991 2,861 24 1 1 3 641 2,586 696 44 13 13 749 1,497 1,495 97 39 10 736 776 1,482 129 53 7 689 798 2,769 377 87 14 1,037 348 2,057 386 79 9 704 131 1,184 326 33 5 390 66 621 290 12 2 239 Married 51 86 18 Unknown 2 1,666 6 127 124 Single 3,924 2,487 338 76 50 26,542 ■ 1,666 637 3 601 139 3 2 4 2,727 390 326 8 8 4 2,297 208 349 26 4 2 1,680 245 696 64 27 5 2,834 92 617 76 17 2 2,563 31 275 71 10 3 1,598 18 136 76 7 3 1,288 36 Widowed 47 14 1 2,896 1 8,400 26 259 Single 15,476 9,401 1,364 144 167 8,399 2,857 26 2 2,061 597 28 10 31 974 1,230 56 20 17 406 1,163 81 17 13 416 2,166 221 38 3 173 2,016 828 30 16 78 1,206 292 19 3 54 874 339 10 11 58 134 Divorced 17 Unknown 1 i2 50 GENERAL TABLES. 157 GEOGRAPHIC DIVISIONS AND BY STATES AND TERRITORIES ARRANGED ALPHABETICALLY: 1900— Continued. TEMALES. GEOGRAPHIC DIVISION, STATE OB TEBBITOEY, AND CONJUGAL CONDITION. Aggregate. Under 15 years. 15 to 19 years. 20 to 24 years. 25 to 29 years. 30toS4 years. 35 to 44 years. 45 to 54 years. 55 to 64 years. 65 years and over. Age un- known. 4,097 912 366 456 528 469 723 356 143 90 55 Single 1,700 1,701 595 64 37 7,979 911 1 310 51 1 2 1 823 192 228 29 4 8 1,082 130 336 40 15 8 904 69 324 65 7 4 662 46 487 162 26 3 1,138 21 196 132 6 2 704 5 51 83 3 1 369 2 12 71 1 4 315 14 Married 17 12 1 11 Connecticut 1,965 17 4,180 2,817 923 61 8 15,081 1,964 1 758 61 3 1 687 373 16 5 1 1,615 302 563 30 6 3 1,273 139 475 39 8 1 1,007 173 767 194 13 1 1,784 70 394 229 10 1 1,158 46 129 189 6 36 68 219 2 6 Married 6 Widowed 4 1 6,315 1,574 697 652 106 8,466 5,200 1,353 21 41 48,354 5,312 3 1,405 156 7 792 788 28 1 6 7,069 387 824 63 3 6 5,736 178 742 80 4 3 3,834 187 1,347 241 5 4 6,838 82 796 276 4 46 337 303 4 7 2,060 43 164 342 34 Married 43 Widowed 23 6 6,157 3 1,607 6 District of Columbia 11,432 4,676 46 Single 25,753 15, 501 6,854 212 34 110,531 11,432 4,816 330 9 1 1 12,399 4,391 2,507 141 25 6 13,325 2,249 3,067 375 42 3 9,927 1,022 2,349 428 36 1,134 3,994 1,638 69 3 10,551 481 2,226 1,834 33 1 6,585 127 753 1,172 6 2 3,291 93 267 1,243 1 3 2,667 8 Married 8 14 16 Florida 44,401 6,762 623 Single 60,936 39,071 9,673 695 156 524,944 44,349 48 2 1 1 223,007 9,372 2,866 142 19 11 59, 639 3,999 8,530 658 124 14 59,383 1,478 7,425 875 140 9 42,366 637 6,141 841 138 6 29,380 629 7,804 1,947 157 14 46,638 209 4,349 1,945 74 8 31,654 93 1,756 1,421 19 3 16,973 82 854 1,716 10 6 13,962 88 310 127 Divorced 13 85 2,213 Single 304, 361 170, 166 47,120 2,393 904 76 222,837 141 3 4 22 47 47,387 11,301 664 106 182 7 19,419 36,912 3,372 603 177 8 6,634 30,983 4,200 458 80 2 2,860 21,915 4,103 389 63 4 2,765 34,001 9,192 515 65 4 1,113 21,315 8,842 246 38 3 472 9,156 7,216 95 34 438 4,414 9,002 46 62 436 1,028 Widowed 526 32 191 68 16 1 47 7 2 6 1 1 1 1 2 4 4 Widowed DiTorced Unknown. Idaho 127 34 11 12 13 13 26 12 3 1 2 60 49 14 3 1 39,957 34 10 1 4 8 4 5 3 1 1 11 i' 3 15 7 3 7 1 1 1 1 1 Single 1 Married Widowed 1 1 Unknown Illinois 10,774 3,920 4,806 4,746 3,513 i 6,696 3,205 1,655 1,258 385 18,579 15,633 5,248 376 121 17,706 10,772 2 3,329 566 27 7 1 2,111 2,191 2,335 214 58 7 1,910 1,132 3,056 454 91 13 1,471 460 2,608 475 67 3 945 427 3,947 1,217 101 4 1,467 138 1,943 1,084 36 5 998 47 785 811 7 5 482 39 335 869 2 13 377 44 166 97 8 70 Married • Widowpd Indian Territory 7,709 236 10,116 6,062 1,364 119 45 27,804 7,700 5 1,607 458 37 5 4 3,009 514 1,231 133 27 5 3,254 139 1,165 152 24 1 2,902 45 757 126 17 32 1,191 220 22 2 3,642 22 729 234 13 8 292 174 7 1 1,179 12 119 242 37 125 46 4 933 4 8,222 2,166 2,404 Indiana 204 13,729 10,284 3,350 380 61 5,818 8,218 4 2,605 379 17 7 1 660 1,571 1,491 132 58 2 655 692 1,866 273 76 5 610 268 1,658 269 67 3 437 204 2,564 680 100 4 757 77 1,628 740 54 5 602 33 679 565 10 2 256 36 254 636 5 2 177 25 81 58 3 37 Married Iowa 1,670 94 Single 2,816 2,346 581 48 27 25,461 1,670 566 86 5 1 2 3,003 293 340 16 4 2 2,721 142 429 28 11 67 323 45 11 1 1,659 43 594 105 12 3 2,860 19 343 135 4 1 2,098 11 140 100 2 3 1,241 3 54 118 1 1 1,060 12 87 29 2 14 WiilowpH Kansas 8,341 2,225 263 13,129 9,414 2,631 221 66 8,334 7 2,631 348 15 2 7 1,313 1,292 72 37 7 485 1,534 151 49 6 146 1,312 161 36 4 106 2,260 438 59 7 ■ 39 1,465 679 22 3 26 706 495 10 4 24 383 632 4 7 25 127 83 21 4973— Bull. 8—07 11 158 NEGROES IN THE UNITED STATES. Table 2O.-C0NJUGAL CONDITION OF THE NEGEO POPULATION CLASSIFIED BY SEX AND AGE PERIODS, BY MALES. GBOGEAPHIC DIVISION, STATE OR TEBKITOEY, AND CONJDGAL CONDITION. Aggregate. Under 15 years. 15 to 19 years. 20 to 24 years. 25 to 29 years. 30 to 34 years. 35 to 44 years. 46 to 54 years. 66 to 64 years. 66 years and over. Age un- known. Kentucky 142,073 48,917 15,317 14,921 12,753 9,113 16,798 11,595 6,552 4,625 1,482 Single 88,307 46, 149 6,397 608 612 322,664 48,907 9 15,048 207 10 3 49 33,145 10,S64 3,760 161 34 102 32,331 6,369 6,879 369 80 66 27,352 2,586 6,976 439 78 36 19,212 3,046 12,228 1,281 176 68 30, 322 1,348 8,554 1,514 149 30 21,856 604 4,800 1,175 51 22 12,573 289 2,918 1,364 26 28 9; 643 368 819 Widowed 84 11 1 135,079 210 1,161 Single 204,121 106,644 10,830 752 417 670 135,068 9 32,435 654 24 5 27 65 19, 182 12,612 373 94 70 58 7,555 18,859 742 152 44 82 3,359 14,981 753 82 37 39 3,440 24,700 1,948 187 47 88 1,670 17,830 2,304 114 38 97 693 9,764 1,998 85 33 54 471 6,501 2,618 31 22 27 348 Married 634 Widowed 70 2 2 149 97 Maine 11 Single 381 243 29 7 10 115, 617 149 65 52 6 39 43 19 19 21 57 5 3 2 13,869 17 69 9 1 1 9,681 8 36 8 1 1 6,626 9 12 5 1 2 1 Widowed ■ 2 i 6 40, 659 12,109 12,163 9,871 7,098 3,639 1,012 Single 72,331 38,289 4,147 137 713 15,591 40,657 2 11,927 306 4 1 71 1,218 9,191 2,743 56 6 157 1,794 4,036 5,571 166 12 87 2,065 1,965 4,842 229 20 42 1,667 , 2, 364 10,613 781 62 69 2,460 1,090 7,383 1,026 32 50 1,568 493 4,229 867 6 31 701 277 2,369 963 8 32 406 332 Married 441 Widowed . . 66 Divorced, 184 'fll[f^Kf^oh^■lpl^■\tl^ 3,590 132 Single 8,906 6,936 606 36 107 8,220 3,589 1,212 2 1 1,433 342 6 1,071 941 21 8 14 746 602 1,004 49 7 5 690 602 1,694 137 8 19 1,225 231 1,153 164 11 9 888 77 508 111 1 4 568 31 266 114 1 2 416 68 Married 34 Widowed 4 Unknown 1 2,067 " 3" 793 14 786 36 Michigan , 41 4,632 3,045 455 55 33 2,836 2,067 786 6 645 139 408 316 11 6 5 412 287 428 16 6 4 403 281 847 78 18 1 600 118 637 116 15 3 278 57 402 102 6 1 116 28 252 127 5 '4 63 Married 19 Widowed 6 Divorced 3 159 2 282 Minnesota 460 63 Single 1,678 985 113 24 36 453,384 460 159 241 38 3 260 141 5 4 2 36,103 196 202 2 3 227 341 20 8 4 39,547 67 166 36 6 3 26,753 29 64' 20 3 10 26 27 7 Widowed 27 1,071 195,376 50,095 46,945 25,615 17,871 14,108 Single 289,832 146,793 16,019 976 764 81,206 195,369 14 49,059 896 40 9 91 8,653 26,984 18,831 799 112 219 9,272 9,055 25,346 1,418 180 104 8,086 3,598 20,360 1,340 166 61 6,395 3,095 33,271 2,889 225 67 10,713 1,235 22,631 2,706 137 44 6,741 656 14,676 2,616 87 37 3,668 494 10,253 3,243 66 52 2,533 ■ 298 615 68 4 86 882 Married Widowed Unknown.-.. 3 24,274 Missouri Single 49,616 27,083 3,812 375 ■ 321 912 24,268 4 8,643 86 7,142 2,013 71 17 29 100 3,914 3,883 209 50 29 107 2,046 3,981 292 60 16 121 2,174 7,503 896 109 31 205 827 4,944 884 69 17 121 288 2,646 672 46 6 41 159 1,617 728 18 11 19 264 406 60 S 159 Married Widowed 3 21 48 2 141 Montana Single 630 223 43 6 10 3,368 141 47 94 6 83 21 1 1 1 471 79 37 4 107 86 11 52 60 16 3 18 14 8 1 8 6 3 1 69 Married Widowed Divorced Nebraska 658 i 334 416 i 376 1 694 309 127 6 15 2,113 1,082 141 20 12 82 658 328 5 335 72 4 4 307 152 6 2 4 13 184 175 10 3 4 8 189 356 42 6 1 10 73 200 32 4 24 81 22 8 37 23 1 Married 7 Widowed 4 Divorced .."'/.'/.'."' 2 9 2 6 12 9 10 2 3 Single 55 18 6 3' 9 1 1 5 1 11 2 4 3 1 6 3 1 11 5 3 1 3 4 3 Married Widowed 1 Divorced Unknown i' 2 GENERAL TABLES. 159 GEOGRAPHIC DIVISIONS AND BY STATES AND TERRITORIES ARRANGED ALPHABETICALLY: 1900— Continued. FEMALES. GEOGEAPHIC DIVISION, STATE OE TEERITOEY, AND CONJUGAL CONDITION. Aggregate. Under 15 years. 15 to 19 years. 20 to 24 years. 25 to 29 years. 80 to 84 years. 35 to 44 years. 45 to 54 years. 55 to 04 years. 65 years and over. Age un- known. 142,633 49,224 16,016 16,025 12,833 9,068 16,947 10,932 6,048 6,035 1,505 77,952 46,827 16,401 1,109 344 328,140 49,196 22 1 13,690 2,157 116 ■35 18 35,946 7,374 7,725 707 173 46 36, 374 3,199 8,285 1,078 235 36 28,367 1,411 6,290 1,167 176 24 ■ 18,827 1,645 11, 069 3,007 293 33 30,105 718 6,607 3,452 124 31 21, 115 267 2,813 2,911 40 17 12,027 249 1,213 3,526 17 30 10,255 303 646 436 16 5 133,980 104 1,194 Single M6,164 108,344 81,697 1,667 268 649 133,883 38 8 28,924 6,659 363 81 19 57 12,431 21,650 1,921 338 84 72 4,919 20,567 2,465 392 24 66 2,080 14,111 2,884 240 12 30 1,954 22,126 5,663 329 33 91 891 13,813 6,197 179 35 68 419 5,990 8,638 61 19 44 372 2,871 6,948 40 24 27 291 Married 619 Widowed 210 7 1 192 67 Maine 2 Single 356 210 78 8 2 119,447 192 65 1 1 46 27 20 43 3 7 22 1 19 66 13 2 1 13, 882 8 43 17 5 16 22 1 4 2 21 1 Widowed 1 Maryland 41,682 13,203 13,094 10,432 7,656 9,355 6,267 3,926 1,060 Single 68,332 39,264 11,131 248 472 16,383 41,564 12 2 11,883 1,235 34 7 44 1,414 6,874 5,869 239 28 84 2,191 3,145 6,723 471 46 48 2,096 1,444 5,509 638 34 31 1,446 1,641 9,968 2,153 73 47 2,374 816 5,789 2,676 42 32 1,508 357 2,691 2,164 16 29 727 296 1,060 2,542 2 26 628 812 Married' - 408 212 1 4 4,012 127 88 8,354 5,851 2,035 60 83 7,596 4,011 1,286 119 5 1,303 825 42 9 12 809 725 1,229 118 11 12 666 345 934 161 9 7 606 379 1,515 446 21 13 1,056 177 793 619 7 12 748 66 296 368 3 4 434 49 114 362 23 Married 26 Widowed . . 24 1 2,124 4 782 3 349 15 Michiean . - 22 Single 3,693 2,949 871 72 11 2,123 2,124 682 99 1 418 361 19 9 2 259 195 425 31 13 2 328 109 443 44 9 1 244 104 777 161 24 41 492 204 10 1 162 10 241 178 5 8 100 236 2 3 46 2 Married 11 Widowed 7 SI 604 165 334 61 20 Single 979 869 237 31 7 454,246 604 152 13 136 113 6 4 98 200 21 9 41 172 24 7 29 244 51 10 14 84 62 26,716 1 29 31 1 10 35 3 Married 4 7 6 192,168 52,700 51,754 37,336 25,111 39, 828 15,101 12,296 1,236 Single 263,282 148, 246 39,878 2,286 564 80,028 192,071 89 6 1 2 24,688 42,026 9,849 694 86 45 9,021 16,812 31,062 3,339 450 91 9,394 5,933 27,091 3,727 630 66 8,076 2,376 19,028 3,293 366 49 5,805 2,181 29,894 7,195 498 60 9,716 842 18, 366 7,235 226 47 6,280 413 8,383 6,176 83 46 3,358 425 3,826 7,935 36 74 2,878 203 Married 668 Widowed 279 Divorced 11 85 Missouri 812 Single 41,486 27,830 9,965 682 175 611 24,682 5 7,823 1,114 64 16 14 38 4,610 4,302 380 82 20 68 1,998 5,255 701 116 6 94 817 4,058 824 100 6 72 830 6,772 1,947 149 18 126 324 3,777 2,100 70 9 47 135 1,541 1,665 23 4 20 128 670 2,063 14 13 8 139 Married 336 12 1 134 84 Montana 4 263 235 99 13 1 2,901 134 36 2 34 27 4 2 1 438 27 57 8 2 10 44 15 3 18 71 31 6 3 20 24 1 10 9 Single 1 7 Widowed 1 Unknown Nebraska 730 309 332 264 427 229 92 67 13 Single 1,465 1,048 354 25 9 52 729 1 277 32 226 178 26 5 3 6 119 176 31 4 2 4 48 180 SI 4 1 7 52 281 87 7 8 130 86 5 3 47 42 1 19 47 2 4 4 Widowed Unknown 6 6 9 7 4 6 3 Nevada 28 16 7 1 5 4 1 4 1 3 1 5 2 4 3 1 1 3 1 3 Single Married 3 1 4 2 Divorced Unknown 160 NEGROES IN THE UNITED STATES. Table 20.— CONJUGAL CONDITION OF THE NEGRO POPULATION CLASSIFIED BY SEX AND AGE PERIODS, BY MALES. eEOGRAPHIC DIVISION, STATE OR TERRITORY, AND CONJUGAL CONDITION. Aggregate. Under 15 years. 15 to 19 years. 20 to 24 years. 25 to 29 years. SO to 34 years. 35 to 44 years. 45 to 51 years. 66 to 64 years. 65 years and over. Age un- known. New Hampshire 327 63 28 48 37 21 45 41 28 14 2 Single 191 108 21 3 4 33,745 63 28 41 5 1 19 16 10 11 15 28 1 1 9 24 7 1 5 16 6 1 Married 8 6 Widowed Divorced 1 1 3,997 Unknown 1 4,464 1 1,547 New Jersey 8,659 2,868 3,120 4,776 2,812 978 624 Single 19, 166 12,923 1,222 47 387 1,023 8,657 2 2,824 33 3,446 981 18 1 19 169 1,775 2,162 46 3 11 150 918 2,097 88 4 13 94 883 3,590 271 16 16 200 340 2,165 281 14 12 111 142 1,140 251 7 7 40 99 626 24» 2 4 11 83 128 19 "Widowed Divorced Unknown 11 74 294 29 145 Single ' 653 289 39 13 29 46,618 146 73 1 140 24 96 48 3 1 2 6,411 56 33 2 2 1 4,909 85 97 12 4 2 7,151 44 56 9 1 1 4,195 7 22 11 3 5 2 1 4 3 Married Widowed Divorced 4 1 6,426 Unknown 22 122 New York 10,018 4,061 2,103 1,233 26,666 17,978 1,761 85 133 303,624 10,015 2 1 3,983 60 1 4,951 1,420 26 6 22 29,121 3,211 3,107 61 10 22 19,953 1,700 3,063 115 16 16 13,748 1,713 5,067 329 28 14 22, 069 648 3,097 427 14 9 22,696 275 1,457 358 5 8 14,375 131 653 439 6 4 10,185 Married Widowed Divorced 1 7 36,062 North Carolina 134,011 Single 200,722 93,003 8,512 311 1,076 173 134,003 2 35,452 490 8 3 109 14 18,736 9,922 198 8 257 19 6,495 13,844 386 28 201 23 2,118 11,101 413 27 89 12 2,076 18,718 1,131 47 97 30 1,234 19,361 1,864 76 61 20 586 11,658 2,109 95 27 8 456 7,321 2,349 24 35 6 Married Widowed 686 Divorced 55 6 41 North Dakota 194 120 37 14 1 1 49,985 41 14 18 1 18 5 8 4 10 14 5 7 8 4 3 2 S 1 3 2 Married Widowed Divorced Unknown Ohio 13,204 4,543 5,333 5,053 4,155 i' 7,300 5,050 3,006 2,028 313 Single 28,985 17, 970 2,549 274 207 9,509 13,200 3 4,503 35 2 4,256 1,030 29 10 8 828 2,641 2,277 96 24 16 675 1,481 2,488 143 30 13 475 1,647 5,036 610 86 22 935 748 3,673 558 65 16 875 286 2,126 543 38 14 692 166 1,179 635 27 21 447 57 Widowed 125 34 Unknown 1 3,507 3 1,000 4 93 76 5,541 3,497 891 49 31 677 3,506 1 986 13 542 270 10 3 3 60 222 428 13 10 2 89 96 361 20 8 88 757 78 11 1 166 69 723 84 9 18 656 112 6 1 28 10 363 71 1 2 19 Married 14 Widowed 36 S Unknown 1 32 1 Oregon 79 128 72 21 4 467 173 27 9 1 79,348 79 32 57 3 74 13 91 34 2 1 94 63 6 3 26 39 6 1 9 11 6 1 1 3,127 3 9 6 1 Married 2 Widowed 1 2 1 19,421 6,486 10,180 10,442 8,329 12,449 6,790 1,673 451 single Married 47,584 28,276 3,055 135 298 4,290 19,415 2 6,419 64 3 1 9 333 8,214 1,894 32 6 35 468 5,361 4,866 148 16 51 506 3,103 4,922 264 18 32 380 3,228 8,413 741 37 80 642 1,136 4,849 764 34 17 479 385 2,177 643 16 7 247 170 946 543 7 7 114 153 ■Widowed 163 37 Unknown 4 1,092 2 Rhode Island 10« 29 Single Married 2,421 1,653 187 17 12 383,626 1,092 331 2 364 99 3 268 227 7 4 120 248 8 4 136 463 39 4 70 362 42 4 1 22, 103 21 176 48 1 1 16,955 12 61 89 7 Widowed 16 Divorced 1 Unknown 2 37,996 South Carolina . . 175,666 45,230 24,897 18,673 31,147 2 11,462 6 697 Single 250, 398 122,701 9,616 195 716 272 175,644 13 1 43,584 1,467 28 19,953 17,442 373 17 211 28 5,026 19,169 581 S9 82 36 2,102 15,794 610 21 46 18 2,067 27,217 1,767 39 57 44 937 19,201 1,896 33 36 38 516 13,490 1,896 28 27 19 367 8,618 2,435 17 36 4 213 290 30 1 63 Widowed Unknown 8 57 151 26 a Single Married 182 76 9 3 2 67 25 1 25 3 28 8 8 7 2 1 15 25 2 1 1 16 18 4 7 10 1 1 1 Widowed 4 Divorced Unknown '1 1 GENERAL TABLES. 161 GEOGRAPHIC DIVISIONS AND BY STATES AND TERRITORIES ARRANGED ALPHABETICALLY: 1900— Continued. PEMALES. GEOGRAPHIC DIVISION, STATE OR TEBBITOEY, AND CONJUGAL CONDITION. Aggregate. Under 16 years. 15 to 19 years. 20 to 24 years. 25 to 29 years. SO to 84 years. 35 to 44 years. 46 to 54 years. 65 to 64 years. 66 years and over. Age un- known. New Hampshire 335 61 38 62 43 24 53 24 13 12 5 Single . 188 102 38 6 1 36,099 61 37 1 41 20 1 16 23 1 3 6 11 7 16 25 9 3 4 11 9 1 7 5 5 3 4 1 Married 1 Widowed 2 1 9,053 3,696 5,187 4,294 3,107 4,728 3,000 1,537 1,119 378 18,426 13,458 3,909 78 228 587 9,048 2 1 3,319 362 8 2 5 66 2,932 2,143 94 11 7 73 1,362 2,691 219 17 5 74 585 2,178 323 16 5 68 660 3,201 862 17 8 84 269 1,782 934 13 2 36 130 720 681 2 4 19 80 281 764 51 98 Widowed 43 Unknown 2 160 4 10 186 2 254 251 73 9 160 45 18 2 1 18 60 5 9 62 8 5 7 45 10 1 7 56 19 2 3 19 14 3 9 7 1 1 8 1 Married 1 52,614 11,019 5,343 8,840 7,031 4,844 7,662 4,490 2,152 1,569 174 Single 26, 847 18,606 6,905 160 96 320,845 11,016 8 4,833 481 19 3 7 88,689 5,022 3,108 168 25 17 36,585 2,645 3,961 393 25 7 23,823 1,139 3,076 597 25 7 16, 616 1,252 4,599 1,731 62 8 28,081 635 2,262 1,674 12 7 21, 065 203 798 1,143 6 2 11,101 143 278 1,141 1 6 9,391 59 40 Widowed 89 1 35 134,063 1,481 200, 260 95,949 23,643 641 352 113 134,016 41 1 34,180 4,384 134 16 25 14 17, 150 18,324 932 88 41 14 5,895 16, 426 1,362 105 35 11 2,744 12,207 1,557 95 13 8 3,066 20,643 4,175 162 46 12 1,522 14,825 6,080 105 33 13 693 6,149 4,187 46 27 1 566 2,853 6,911 19 48 2 489 Married 697 304 6 6 38 86 Norlh Tlfiknta 1 66 36 11 88 12 2 12 2 2 8 1 1 9 2 1 8 4 7 1 1 2 Ohio 46,916 13,665 4,900 5,199 4,768 3,661 6,185 4,124 2,363 1,791 270 23,802 17,598 5,091 347 78 9,322 13, 663 1 4,378 501 13 6 2 1,114 2,736 2,307 120 33 3 951 1,327 8,098 255 74 4 638 619 2,642 340 47 13 494 605 4,540 925 107 8 925 248 2,687 1,187 41 11 737 116 1,226 986 29 6 444 80 481 1,220 4 6 313 30 Married 115 95 Divorced 1 6 25 3,627 79 Single 5,032 8,496 672 95 27 428 3,627 909 183 14 6 2 29 351 534 43 19 4 59 69 491 61 26 2 74 28 408 41 17 20 781 108 21 9 589 135 3 1 26 7 318 116 2 1 13 8 154 145 2 4 16 14 38 14 13 Oregon 83 61 76 1 221 142 67 8 83 26 3 37 21 46 23 6 1 17 26 8 11 43 18 4 1 6 6 1 5 10 Single 16 9 2 Married Widowed 1 Divorced 77,497 20,526 7,955 10,998 9,636 6,855 10,338 5,793 2,858 2,203 335 40,815 28,314 8,046 179 143 4,802 20,522 3 7,195 739 13 1 7 428 6,087 4,656 215 20 20 690 3,060 6,023 600 33 20 511 1,440 4,706 670 27 12 391 1,427 6,961 1,868 61 21 752 557 ■3,368 1,834 24 10 503 225 1,262 1,359 8 4 274 207 465 1,516 2 14 207 95 131 72 Wirln^vprl 1 1,113 Rhode Island 83 2,410 1,697 647 43 5 398,695 1,112 1 387 36 4 365 215 14 6 189 295 18 8 1 29,502 94 247 43 7 144 465 183 10 68 271 163 10 X 22, 783 33 117 122 2 24 45 138 14 5 12 Married Widowed Unknown South Carolina 176,239 i 48, 305 44, 086 20,467 83,661 12,772 10,316 664 Single 241,843 125, 961 29,914 675 302 193 176,167 66 2 2 12 64 39,389 8,584 262 25 45 16 15,164 27,096 1,653 117 56 19 4,904 22, 187 2,266 119 26 19 2,096 16,879 2,355 118 19 7 2,123 25,549 5,808 158 23 32 927 15,758 5,986 92 21 21 476 7,272 4,974 33 17 10 432 3,318 6,520 11 36 5 165 262 89 Widowed 48 South Dakota 97 76 18 2 64 14 1 1 10 9 4 15 1 6 1 2 23 6 2 1 14 6 1 6 3 Single Married 3 2 Divorced Unknown 162 NEGROES IN THE UNITED STATES. Table 30 CONJUGAL CONDITION OF THE NEGEO POPULATION CLASSIFIED BY SEX AND AGE PERIODS, BY MAIiES. GEOGRAPHIC DIVISION, STATE OR TERBITOEY, AND CONJUGAL CONDITION. Aggregate. Under 15 years. 15 to 19 years. 20 to 24 years. 25 to 29 years. 30 to 34 years. 35 to 44 years. 45 to 64 years. 55 to 64 years. 66 years and over. Age un- known. Tennessee ■ 238,388 92,717 27,652 24,902 19, 129 13,851 20,737 19, 037 11, 103 7,363 1,897 Single 151,280 76,074 9,520 654 860 310, 135 92, 708 5 26,938 636 18 2 58 33,456 16, 457 7,922 334 60 129 32,199 6,767 11,506 647 115 94 26,188 2,954 9,981 762 94 60 17,699 2,865 16,987 1,666 164 56 25,261 1,257 15,369 2,231 137 43 21,947 504 8,699 1,821 57 22 10,373 306 5,084 1,928 23 22 7,822 624 Married 885 Widowed 113 Divorced 2 Unknown 4 133, 217 373 Texas 2,983 201,428 95,072 10,584 1,602 1,449 454 133,194 14 32,734 522 25 10 165 29 19, 738 11,425 533 165 348 130 7,415 16,215 1,023 309 226 70 2,972 13,301 1,025 278 123 51 2,604 20,256 1,899 376 117 60 1,226 17,987 2,379 276 80 35 428 8,166 1,633 112 34 15 284 5,559 1,889 54 36 9 834 1,628 Widowed 178 32 9 51 811 Utah 4 Single 336 93 15 4 6 454 51 29 126 4 60 10 27 21 1 2 26 29 S 11 18 5 1 3 9 2 1 3 2 4 Widowed Unknown 2 48 1 106 50 61 45 35 54 39 22 4 271 151 19 3 10 323,469 106 50 38 12 23 17 16 18 18 30 3 2 12 39 3 5 23 10 8 11 S 1 Widowed 1 1 16,999 1 30,937 6 21,926 1 14,332 2 132,720 37,559 31,677 24,228 11,852 Single 213,977 97,910 10,258 427 887 1,589 132,681 24 8 1 6 227 37,251 211 9 1 87 88 23,380 7,261 150 16 140 227 8,742 12,697 349 40 98 182 4,153 12,191 541 48 66 220 4,167 26,413 1,884 112 101 332 1,785 19,9.53 2,315 114 61 192 831 11,366 2,038 69 38 61 660 8,219 2,898 34 41 31 327 Married 585 Widowed Unknown 249 Washington ...... 29 1,023 462 •72 13 19 25,167 227 86 2 204 21 1 136 39 2 1 4 3,238 138 72 4 4 2 2,064 127 178 17 7 3 2,696 65 95 31 1 14 36 9 10 13 8 16 6 Married Widowed Divorced Un known , 1 4,220 2 777 West Virginia 6,683 2,908 1,633 493 655 Single 16,648 7,232 786 83 418 1,418 6,681 2,880 19 3,469 704 14 5 28 166 1,742 1,431 43 12 10 160 783 1,166 90 17 8 122 646 1,832 186 21 11 247 199 1,166 164 11 3 174 93 539 133 10 2 69 63 281 138 6 5 75 92 104 18 1 340 23 Married Widowed Divorced Unknown 2 271 9 111 Wisconsin 852 471 74 7 14 631 271 HI 144 21 91 64 1 66 65 98 133 14 1 1 94 46 103 23 1 1 46 14 40 14 1 14 37 22 2 7 8 Married Widowed 1 i 7 Unknown 1 108 4 124 Wyoming 92 41 92 2" 6 Single 443 149 32 4 3 6,366 92 41 99 9 89 32 1 2 60 26 6 39 45 9 1 16 20 8 1 1 114 7 15 4 Married 2 4 Widowed Unknown 1 13 1 Military and naval ^ 4 433 3,203 1,428 623 413 1 133 Single 5,585 436 79 34 231 4 422 3,046 61 6 8 82 1,263 106 25 10 24 496 90 20 6 11 240 139 20 10 4 75 33 5 6 4 8 33 Widowed i 2 Divorced Unknown 11 1 98 iSee explanatory notes on pa ge99. GENERAL TABLES. 163 GEOGRAPHIC DIVISIONS AND BY STATES AND TEEEITORIES ARRANGED ALPHABETICALLY: 1900-Contmued. FEMALES. GEOGRAPHIC DIVISION, STATE OR TERRITORY, AND CONJUGAL CONDITION. Aggregate. Under 15 years. 15 to 19 years. 20 to 24 years. 25 to 29 years. 80 to 34 years. 85 to 44 years. 45 to 64 years. 65 to 64 years. 65 years and over. Age un- known. 241,855 92, 036 28,337 28,208 20, 771 14,236 23,092 17,041 9,070 7,397 1,667 Single 136,835 77, 118 25,928 1,444 580 310,587 91,981 48 6 23,563 4,415 270 49 40 35,918 11,700 14,531 1,624 263 90 35,436 4,316 13,895 2,185 318 57 26,482 1,814 10,089 2,046 249 38 17,494 1,729 16,201 4,801 304 57 26,759 771 10, 792 5,282 163 33 17,590 344 4,416 4,226 56 29 9,059 277 1,929 5,120 21 50 7,271 Married 340 Widowed 802 Divorced 370 2 132,492 21 134 3,086 Single 182,040 96, 458 28, 159 3,267 663 218 132,415 65 7 28,800 6,400 510 125 83 16 12,350 19,960 2,433 603 100 23 4,192 17,645 2,853 722 70 27 1,506 12,815 2,595 541 37 18 1,286 19,438 5,221 767 47 39 478 11,662 6,099 826 36 17 216 4,854 3,876 79 34 6 204 2,148 4,813 40 66 4 Married 693 Widowed 1,491 Divorced 762 5 65 66 Utah 186 4 Single Married Widowed 99 89 23 4 3 372 65 11 4 9 13 1 9 15 2 is' 1 2 26 9 io' 7 1 6 i' 2 2 1 114 45 38 i' 31 1 1 so 2 45 33 13 1 21 i 2 Single 2U 120 38 3 114 39 6 22 15 1 14 17 9 18 3 5 32 6 3 2 24 7 1 6 7 3 3 16 Married 2 Divorced Unknown Virginia 337,263 134, 690 38,865 35,341 24,788 18,731 34,320 24,302 13,826 11,274 Single 206,271 100,058 29,682 688 564 925 134,659 16 2 35,536 3,184 96 10 39 70 18,309 16,050 825 77 80 105 6,815 16,466 1,345 116 46 117 3,437 13,272 1,878 114 30 101 3,768 24,795 6,486 200 71 189 1,958 15,534 6,636 122 62 69 843 7,054 5,849 31 49 30 668 3,226 7,297 16 68 19 Married Widowed Divorced 3 116 10 13 215 Wasliington Single 400 412 101 9 3 18,332 214 1 58 11 1 47 63 6 38 66 10 3 16 71 11 2 1 1,200 19 135 33 2 4 53 11 1 15 12 2 3 4 2 Married 3 16 Widowed Divorced Unknown 1 1,176 West Virginia 6,592 2,125 2,366 1,794 1,841 661 468 210 10,323 6,423 1,459 71 56 1,124 6,588 4 1,759 357 7 1 1 119 1,025 1,265 61 7 7 136 386 1,296 100 10 2 121 173 893 116 16 2 102 169 1,362 285 22 3 164 96 765 311 9 5 99 40 280 239 1 1 46 34 128 299 3 4 63 63 83 41 2 31 6 Married Widowed Divorced Wisconsin 279 Single 563 422 123 15 1 309 279 101 17 78 63 3 2 43 69 6 3 25 66 10 1 24 109 27 4 9 60 27 3 2 25 17 1 2 19 32 Married 4 1 Divorced 1 Unknown Wyoming 75 37 54 47 31 37 16 9 3 Single 177 116 11 3 2 29 75 33 4 30 23 19 24 2 2 11 17 3 8 27 1 1 1 1 1 Married 12 3 8 1 Widowed 1 5 1 1 2 2 6 5 7 1 Single 8 19 2 2 3 1 5 2 2 1 6 2 1 Widowed 1 1 1 1 1 See explanatory notes on page £ 164 NEGROES IN THE UNITED STATES. Table 21,— NEGRO PERSONS 10 YEARS OF AGE AND OVER ENGAGED IN EACH OF 140 GROUPS OF OCCUPATIONS, CLASSIFIED BY SEX, FOR THE UNITED STATES: 1900. OCCUPATION. All occupations . Agricultural pursuits . . Agricultural laborers 2 Dairymen and dairywomen Farmers, planters, and overseers Gardeners, florists, nurserymen, etc. Lnmbermen and raftsmen Stock raisers, herders, and drovers , Turpentine farmers and laborers Wood choppers Other agnoultural pursuits Professional service . Actors, professional shovi^men, etc Architects, designers, draftsmen, etc . Artists and teachers of art Clergymen Dentists Electricians Engineers (civil, etc.) and surveyors . Journalists Lawyers Literary and scientific persons Musicians and teachers of music Officials (goremment) Physicians and surgeons Teachers and professors in colleges, etc. Other professional service Domestic and personal service . Barbers and hairdressers Bartenders Boarding and lodging house keepers. Hotel keepers Housekeepers and stewards^ Janitors and sextons Laborers (not specified) ' Launderers and laundresses. Nurses and mldwlves Restaurant keepers Saloon keepers Servants and waiters Soldiers, sailors, and marines (U.S.). Watchmen, policemen, firemen, etc. Other domestic and personal service. Trade and transportation . Agents Bankers and brokers Boatmen and sailors-' Bookkeepers and accountants ^ . Clerks and copyists ' Commercial travelers Draymen, hackmen, teamsters, etc . Foremen and overseers Hostlers Hucksters and peddlers Livery stable keepers Merchants and dealers (except wiholesale) . Merchants and dealers (wholesale) Messengers and errand and office boys Officials of banks and companies Packers and shippers Porters and helpers (in stores, etc. ) Salesmen and saleswomen Steam railroad employees Stenographers and typewriters ^ Street railway employees Telegraph and telephone linemen Telegraph and telephone operators Undertakers Other persons in trade and transportation . Manufacturing and mechanical purusuits 2 . Building trades. Carpenters and joiners Ma«ons (brick and stone) Painters, glaziers, and varnishers Paper hangers Plasterers Plumbers and gas and steam fitters . . Roofers and slaters Mechanics (not otherwise specified) . tINITED STATES.l Total. 2,143,176 1,344,139 637 757, 828 2,467 6,222 1,311 20,744 9,703 235 47,324 2,043 52 236 16,630 212 186 120 210 728 99 3,921 718 1,734 21, 268 268 19, 948 2,472 4,187 481 10,899 11,586 545,980 220,106 19,435 465,787 9,681 2,994 6,070 209,154 2,105 82 6,509 476 6,174 187 67,727 565 14, 499 3,270 609 9,098 149 5,077 150 1,870 28,978 2,799 65,327 395 629 529 69 463 1,629 21,114 14,387 6,784 3,757 1,193 377 Males. 1,661,175 834,462 403 686, 163 2,289 6,203 1,289 20, 609 9,666 211 31, 728 1,781 52 160 15,366 205 184 119 199 718 74 2,736 668 1,574 7,743 154 642,213 18,964 2,450 611 329 1,191 10, 676 463,537 1,877 759 2,698 120, 401 9,681 2,969 5,211 205,017 1,834 82 6,491 281 5,614 175 67,538 555 14,476 2,762 605 8,238 146 4,932 144 1,624 28,780 2,396 65,117 218 625 629 58 439 1,459 241,963 21, 068 14,371 6,751 680 8,748 1,192 367 376 Females. 1,316,872 682,001 609, 687 134 71,666 168 19 22 235 47 24 15,601 86 164 7 1 1 11 10 25 1,185 50 160 13,625 114 681,947 22 3,676 152 9,408 860 82, 443 218, 228 18, 676 1,297 21 345, .'!86 35 869 4,137 18 194 560 12 189 10 24 508 146 6 246 198 403 210 177 11 14 70 33,186 CONTINENTAL UNITEI) STATES.l ' See explanatory notes on page 99. «In agricultural districts agricultural laborers and, similarly, in manufacturing districts unskilled wnrUmo,, sincludes paid housekeepera in private families, hotels, etc., matrons in public and private inRmv;tfr,v;o„^H « Sailors at sea are liable to be omitted unless they are actual members o/^familles wfieh are enu^^^^^^^^ 'Includes all persons so occupied, irrespective of where they are employed. ouumeraiea. Total. 3, 992, 337 2, 143, 164 1,344,125 537 757,822 2,456 6,222 1,311 20,744 9,703 234 47,219 2,020 82 236 15,628 212 185 120 210 728 3,915 645 1,734 21,267 268 1,317,869 19,942 2,472 4,187 481 10,596 11,536 546, 936 220,104 19,431 465, 734 2,993 6,067 2, 105 82 6,504 475 6,172 187 67,585 565 14,496 3,270 509 9,096 148 5,075 149 1,865 28,977 2,799 66,327 396 629 529 69 453 1,629 275, 116 21, 113 14,386 6,782 8,757 1,193 377 Males. 2,675,497 1, 561, 153 834, 438 403 686, 157 2,288 6,203 1,289 20,609 9,666 210 31,625 1,764 52 160 15,364 206 184 119 199 718 74 2,730 698 1,574 7,743 154 635, 933 18,958 2,450 611 329 1,190 10,676 463, 492 1,877 759 2,697 869 120, 361 3,498 2,958 5,208 1,834 82 6,486 281 5,612 175 67,396 556 14, 472 2,762 506 8,236 145 4,930 143 1,619 28,779 2,396 56,117 218 625 829 1,4,69 241, 934 21,067 14,370 6,749 580 3,748 1,192 367 376 are often reported simply as ' stewards and stewardesses. laborers." GENERAL TABLES. 165 Table 21.— NEGEO PERSONS 10 YEARS OF AGE ANB OVER ENGAGED IN EACH OF 140 GROUPS OF OCCUPATIONS, CLASSIFIED BY SEX, FOR THE UNITED STATES: 1900— Continued. OCCUPATION. Manufacturing and mechanical pursuits — Continued. Chemicals and allied products. Oil well and oil works employees Other chemical workers Clay, glass, and stone products. Brick and tile makers, etc Glassworkers Marble and stone cutters Potters Mshing and mining. Fishermen and oystermen ' Miners and quarrymen Food and kindred products. Bakers Butchers Butter and cheese makers Confectioners Millers Other food preparers Iron and steel and their products. Blacksmiths Iron and steel workers » Machinists Steam boiler makers Stove, furnace, and grate makers . Tool' and cutlery makers Wheelwrights Wireworkers UNITED STATES.l Leather and iU finished products. Boot and shoe makers and repairers Harness and saddle makers and repairers Leather curriers and tanners Trunk and leather-case makers, etc Liquors and beverages. Bottlers and soda water makers, etc Brewers and maltsters Distillers and rectifiers Lumber and its remanvfactures. Cabinetmakers Coopers Saw and planing mill employees Other woodworkers Metals and metal products other than iron and t Brassworkers Clock and watch makers and repairers Gold and silver workers Tin plate and tinware makers Other metal workers Paper and printing. Bookbinders Boxmakers (paper) Engravers Paper and pulp mill operatives Prmters, lithographers, and pressmen Bleachery and dye works operatives . . Carpet factory operatives Cotton mill operatives Hosiery and knitting mill operatives . Silk mill operatives Woolen mill operatives Other textile mill operatives. Dressmakers Hat and cap makers Milliners Seamstresses Shirt, collar, and cuff makers . Tailors and tailoresses Other textile workers MixceUaneous industries. Broom and brush makers Charcoal, coke, and lime burners Engineers and firemen (not locomotive) Glovemakers Manufacturers and ofBcIals, etc Model and pattern makers Photographers Rubber factory operatives Tobacco and cigar factory operatives . Upholsterers Other miscellaneous industries 2,378 1,179 9,970 427 1,257 212 10,431 36,568 1,522 3,002 322 541 895 1,476 10, 104 12,327 1,263 248 198 376 144 4,574 273 1,073 23 160 166 823 342 2,964 33,266 2,803 110 109 66 924 353 86 60 22 261 1,221 446 43 1,425 36 186 169 330 12,572 22 180 11, 538 181 1,845 159 213 3,870 10,227 15 1,186 24 247 44 15,349 1,045 21, 939 Males. 2,382 1,147 9,931 420 1,252 210 10, 327 36,446 1,423 2,990 276 474 886 1,198 10, 087 12, 304 1,258 335 247 196 374 143 4,506 269 1,059 23 157 164 322 340 2,953 33,166 2,641 109 106 901 348 62 16 21 236 1,120 390 36 1,079 15 61 94 262 55 20 6 86 46 1,531 209 3,861 10, 218 5 1,165 24 230 42 10,232 986 20, 961 Females. 82 104 122 2 11 110 162 34 44 1 25 101 66 7 346 21 75 75 68 12,517 2 174 11,452 135 314 91 CONTINENTAL UNITED STATES.^ 17 2 6,117 59 978 Total. 2,378 1,179 9,970 427 1,257 212 10,427 36,561 1,521 8,002 322 541 895 1,473 10, 100 12,327 1,263 335 248 198 376 144 4,574 270 1,073 23 160 155 323 342 2,964 33,266 2,803 110 109 66 924 353 60 22 261 1,220 446 43 1,425 36 136 169 330 12, 669 22 180 11, 637 181 1,845 169 213 3,870 10,224 15 1,186 24 247 44 15,349 1,045 21, 939 2,352 1,147 9,931 420 1,262 210 10,323 36,439 1,422 2,990 276 474 886 1,196 10, 083 12, 304 1,258 336 247 195 374 143 4,606 266 1,069 23 167 164 322 340 2,953 33,156 2,641 109 106 64 901 348 52 16 21 236 1,119 390 36 1,079 16 61 94 262 55 20 6 86 46 1,531 68 209 3,861 10,215 5 1,165 24 230 42 10,232 986 20,961 Females. 4 9 9 10 21 17 2 5,117 89 978 •1 F?eq1fe^n\TreturnelT" Srs^" In many cases where the vocation is followed for only a portion of the year they are reported under some other branch "* '"Includes employees of foundries, furnaces, and rolling mills. See " metals and metal products other than iron and steel." 166 NEGROES IN THE UNITED STATES. Table 22.— NEGRO PERSONS 10 YEARS OF AGE AND OVER ENGAGED IN EACH OF 140 GROUPS OP OCCUPATION. All occupations. Agricultural pursuits . Agricultural laborers ^ Dairymen and dairy women Farmers, planters, and overseers Gardeners, florists, nurserymen, etc. Lumbermen and raftsmen Stock raisers, herders, and drovers Turpentine farmers and laborers . . . Wood choppers Other agricultural pursuits Professional service . Actors, professional showmen, etc Architects, designers, draftsmen, etc . Artists and teachers of art Clergymen Dentists Electricians Engineers (civil, etc.) and surveyors. Journalists Lawyers Literary and scientilic persons Musicians and teachers of music Officials (government) Physicians and surgeons Teachers and professors in colleges, etc . Other professional service Domestic and personal service . Barbers and hairdressers Bartenders Boarding and lodging house keepers . Hotel keepers. Housekeepers and stewards* Janitors and sextons Laborers (not specified) ' Launderers and laundresses . Nurses and mid wives Restaurant keepers Saloon keepers Servants and waiters Soldiers, sailors, and marines (U. S.).. Watchmen, policemen, firemen, etc... Other domestic and personal service ,, Trade and transportation Agents Bankers and brokers Boatmen and sailors* Bookkeepers and accountants*. Clerks and copyists* Commercial travelers Draymen, hackmen, teamsters, etc. Foremen and overseers .j Hostlers Hucksters and peddlers Livery stable keepers Merchants and dealers (except wholesale) . Merchants and dealers (wholesale) Messengers and errand and office boys Officials of banks and companies Packers and shippers Porters and helpers (in stores, etc.) Salesmen and saleswomen Steam railroad employees Stenographers and typewriters * Street railway employees Telegraph and telephone linemen Telegraph and telephone operators Undertakers Other persons in trade and transportation . Manufacturing ^d mechanical pursuits*. Building trades. Carpenters and joiners Masons (brick and stone) Painters, glaziers, and varnishers . Paper hangers Plasterers Plumbers and gas and steam fitters. Roofers and slaters . 10 TO 15 YEARS. Total. 404, 255 36 91 258 1,030 272 18 208 59 51 3 1,059 170 17 63 45,436 3,279 43,239 18 837 8,146 76 16 266 2,025 ""m 155 71 "2,'i66' 87 1,564 207 499 6 6 1 5 78 I Mechanics (not otherwise specified) 1 See explanatory notes on page S 118 67 73 7 16 5 2 Males. Females. 319,055 258,000 256, 372 29 260 973 269 16 167 17 57 i,105 94 18 814 7,929 76 11 245 685 132 67 'i'm 65 1,545 182 495 281 7,788 118 67 78 7 16 5 2 197,219 147, 960 147,883 7 12,331 3,186 32,296 23 217 6 5 1,113 16 TO 24 YEARS. Total. 1, 182, 993 625,060 530, 367 180 82,216 178 1,899 327 7,542 2,280 61 11,608 686 19 91 16 31 42 16 1,489 61 96 8,601 64 3,545 667 368 43 3,011 1,340 166,406 49,244 8,405 320 61 173,242 1,819 249 2,036 61,326 1,826 203 1,823 40 17,661 52 4,862 567 96 1,116 23 1,761 19 530 9,S96 1,189 18,346 192 151 122 33 73 348 74, 354 2,214 1,796 1,150 419 158 64 43 Males. Females. 743,276 427,883 339, 320 151 76,234 168 1,894 324 7,467 2,269 56 3,663 529 19 61 298 43 1,560 23 187,830 3,324 668 55 28 157 1,261 138,232 487 226 233 68 39,348 1,819 244 1,811 ■59,936 309 9 1,819 82 1,631 17,588 49 4,850 484 96 1,048 22 1,716 17 414 9,819 992 18,272 85 147 122 23 72 63,963 2,196 1,792 1,140 418 158 64 43 439, 718 191,047 29 5,982 10 5 76 11 6 7,946 603 10 29 7,041 41 313 ■15 2,864 28,173 48,767 8,180 87 226 1,390 7 121 292 2 73 3 12 83 68 1 46 2 116 76 197 74 107 10 1 15 10, 391 25 TO S4 YEARS. Total. 861, 211 381,030 185,225 124 183,216 311 2,080 265 7,044 2,719 47 14, 761 673 18 92 1,000 75 31 68 222 35 1,477 148 607 8,140 82 323, 203 6,160 981 1,284 115 2,741 2,724 131,468 67,135 2,308 1,020 297 113,995 1,148 696 1,141 62, 730 695 16 2,194 156 1,715 70 18, 930 181 3,941 714 146 2,535 25 417 68 630 8,607 724 20,291 155 225 199 16 128 262 79,487 4,169 8,923 1,711 172 908 S27 139 83 Males. Females. S94, 269 290,429 107,920 96 170,046 289 2,071 266 6,988 2,713 41 9,235 594 18 62 2,958 88 76 31 62 217 21 1,096 133 666 3,283 32 163,696 6,867 973 158 75 332 2,622 114,758 497 169 691 288 34,685 1,148 687 945 61, 730 517 16 2,187 104 1,682 66 18,877 181 3,936 626 144 2,321 24 399 66 470 8,465 619 i0,223 102 ■225 199 16 128 249 69, 180 * See footnotes to Table 21, pages 164 and 166. 4,164 3,920 1,705 170 900 327 138 83 GENERAL TABLES. OCCUPATIONS, CLASSIFIED BY SEX AND AGE PERIODS, FOR CONTINENTAL UNITED STATES': 1900. 167 TO 44 YEABS. Total. 576,880 260,307 91, 698 81 161,915 362 1,165 191 3,165 1,719 31 11,048 366 6 21 6,533 43 44 37 69 265 27 671 206 532 3,290 49 214, 116 Males. 398,078 199,442 5,067 604 1,157 157 1,946 3,011 83,768 49,107 1,795 1,180 326 63,959 338 854 847 39, 722 522 24 1,371 68 1,272 60 13,718 176 2,421 753 115 2,497 38 342 42 862 5,058 391 9,827 32 137 139 13 102 252 51,687 4,636 3,636 1,340 143 920 356 78 49, 228 57 143, 619 324 1,163 187 3,131 1,706 27 ■ 9, 555 Females. 178, 802 357 6 13 .5,480 43 44 37 67 262 23 454 193 493 2,061 32 104,643 600 147 115 370 2,749 73,587 342 132 783 321 18,802 338 845 679 89,026 461 24 1,368 58 1,205 48 13, 698 173 2,418 637 114 2,253 41 332 5,024 344 9,802 22 137 139 13 98 248 45,412 4,627 3,633 1,333 143 919 356 78 88 60,865 42, 470 24 18,296 28 2 4 24 13 4 1,493 46 TO 51 YEABS. Total. 2 3 4 117 13 39 1,229 17 109,473 234 4 1,010 42 1,576 262 10,181 48, 765 1,663 397 5 46, 157 168 696 61 10 67 2 20 3 3 116 1 244 6,276 437,988 231, 874 64,532 57 163, 603 632 666 129 1,203 1,234 28 6,061 Males. Females. 813,965 124,023 186,829 16 4,137 17 14 22 32 152 15 200 143 267 886 31 36, 611 41 146, 666 498 666 127 1,187 1,229 25 5,718 3,199 225 809 93 1,367 2,372 58,478 34,301 2,318 920 142 38,607 154 668 627 22,229 368 8 623 22 647 18 9,049 97 1,414 633 84 1,662 34 227 20 227 2,488 195 4,087 7 74 58 2 97 198 33,644 4,679 2,684 904 111 816 242 64 71 134 3 13 4,104 17 13 22 32 161 14 160 139 233 654 29 69,046 3,047 224 143 64 233 2,190 51,236 242 93 601 140 9,511 154 660 508 21,803 331 8 623 18 620 16 9,027 96 1,413 462 84 1,479 34 226 19 217 2,476 181 4,067 6 74 68 2 89 190 30, 669 4,672 2,680 899 110 815 242 64 71 45,045 28,021 16 16,947 34 1 2 16 6 343 24 232 2 75, 134 162 1 666 29 1,134 182 7,242 34,059 2,225 319 2 28,996 119 426 27 183 3,075 55 TO 64 YEABS. Total. 239, 565 136,230 36, 634 35 97, 720 504 208 391 747 23 2,291 Males. 175, 031 112, 430 6 10 5 35 4 72 64 122 186 21 75, 762 1,227 47 375 51 799 1,364 33,396 16, 813 2,217 367 42 18,386 17 299 349 8,993 153 6 259 8 272 6 4,031 32 685 326 736 18 111 6 83 900 55 40 104 16,299 3,206 1,428 395 46 472 86 16 65 22, 862 20 87,661 473 67 387 743 19 Females. 64, 634 23,800 13,672 16 10, 069 31 65 YEABS AND OVEE. Total. 149,463 91,883 1,683 10 6 10 5 35 4 60 112 116 19 36,648 ,170 47 1,279 28,969 123 70 17 297 270 8,780 6 4 10 70 2 39,104 306 17 733 85 4,427 16, 690 2,147 107 1 14,453 142 6 269 7 261 4,028 31 685 262 45 655 18 108 6 46 1,076 64 14, 989 3,201 1,428 392 44 471 85 16 56 1,310 26, 966 20 64,460 651 49 63 112 641 21 1,012 Males. 13 4 743 4 19 2 26 20 106 48 18 44,616 Females. 112,924 36,539 78,050 18, 625 7 58,033 610 48 111 636 21 424 8 157 15 616 552 21,867 7,777 2,216 157 16 10,426 6 191 190 3,652 13 734 4 4 19 2 22 16 89 25 17 22,703 13,833 51 19 102 1 160 4 ,522 24 367 190 16 401 10 44 27 348 27 268 403 8 87 9 22 525 18, 967 76 63 112 14 2,127 6 189 146 3,493 64 ,300 1,913 722 167 17 181 10 5 33 44 19 101 1 144 4 1,516 22 366 146 16 43 22 342 23 261 60 7,724 7,341 13 6,427 41 1 4 1 5 AOE UNKNOWN. Total. 27,963 120 6 694 27 2,900 7,701 2,152 46 1 8,299 10,820 14 676 1,910 720 165 17 179 10 5 33 5,648 4 4,793 28 74 10 267 91 6 2 108 Males. 18,900 1,090 3,600 2 4,018 26 73 10 265 91 5 12, 278 150 23 37 4 116 110 5,127 2,448 173 29 1 107 Females. 147 23 2 1 10 103 4,638 16 7 17 7 1,111 16 18 36 2,156 120 32 19 217 11 924 1 120 24 189 130 42 3 30 17 216 921 1 189 130 42 9,063 2,730 2 775 2 1 26 6,126 3 "35' 3 106 2,432 166 12 13 135 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 29 31 32 34 35 37 38 40 41 42 43 44 46 46 47 48 50 61 62 53 64 55 56 57 58 69 80 61 62 63 64 66 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 168 NEGROES IN THE UNITED STATES. Table 22.— NEGEO PERSONS 10 YEARS OF AGE AND OVER ENGAGED IN EACH OF 140 GROUPS OF OCCUPATION. Manufacturing and mecbanical pursuits — Con Chemicals and allied products. Oil well and oil works employees Other chemical workers Clay, glass, and stone products. Brick and tile makers, etc Glassworkers Marble and stone cutters Potters Fishing and Fishermen and oystermen^ Miners and quarrymen Food and kindred products. Bakers Butchers Butter and cheese makers Confectioners Millers Other food preparers Iron and steel and their products. Blacksmiths Iron and steel' workers - Machinists Steam boiler makers Stove, furnace, and grate makers. Tool and cutlery makers Wheelwrights Wireworkers Leather and its finislied products. Boot and shoe makers and repairers Harness and saddle makers and repairers . Leather curriers and tanners- Trunk and leather-case makers, etc Liquors and beverages. Bottlers and soda water makers, etc. . Brewers and maltsters -• Distillers and rectifiers Lurhber and its remanufactures. Cabinetmakers Coopers Saw and planing mill employees Other woodworkers Metals and meted products other than iron and steel. Brassworkera Clock and watch makers and repairers Gold and silver workers Tin plate and tinware makers Other metal workers Paper and printing. Bookbinders Boxmakers (paper) Engravers Paper and pulp mill operatives Prmters, lithographers, and pressmen. Textiles. Bleachery and dye works operatives . . Carpet factory operatives Cotton mill operatives Hosiery and knitting mill operatives . - Silk mill operatives Woolen mill operatives Other textile mill operatives. Dressmakers Hat and cap makers Milliners Shirt, collar, and cuff makers. Tailors and tailoresses Other textile workers Miscellaneous industries. Broom and brush makers Charcoal, coke, and lime burners Engineers and firemen (not locomotive) . Glovemakers Manufacturers and olficials, etc Model and pattern makers Photographers Rubber factory operatives - . . , Tobacco and cigar factory operatives. Upholsterers Other miscellaneous industries 10 TO 16 YEARS. Total. 468 1,353 131 268 3 124 1,149 2B1 129 10 55 11 36 97 164 27 61 2 17 170 52 5 1 1,776 12 1,041 Males. Females. 588 64 6 16 457 1,348 131 267 9 1 46. 5 12 3 121 1,141 209 17 170 52 155 26 13 1 1 1 478 1 110 16 TO 24 YEARS. Total. 625 351 3,756 163 253 73 2,896 11,875 613 889 106 164 136 484 1,459 3,689 279 70 50 67 62 27 671 43 260 42 704 13, 007 860 33 10 17 268 75 32 28 7 78 467 122 14 639 14 53 42 115 3,442 9 83 3,840 98 674 37 73 1,162 1,335 7 119 1 82 13 6,664 163 6,690 Males. Females. 616 340 3,739 160 251 73 2,871 11,824 99 152 133 367 1,453 3,679 277 70 50 56 51 27 638 43 251 42 12,966 791 16 260 71 7 69 414 116 13 880 5 18 21 88 15 9 1 31 14 575 14 72 1,161 1,333 3 111 1 76 12 3,608 147 6,209 14 6 7 12 3 117 1 169 9 35 21 27 1,427 82 1,309 84 23 6 1 2,056 16 381 26 TO 84 YEARS. Total. Males. Females. 851 386 2,805 89 393 66 2,691 11, 938 478 870 74 158 208 463 2,003 4,213 421 126 852 70 84 736 10,820 817 32 37 17 254 110 82 423 123 10 337 3 13 71 4,497 6 51 3,806 27 590 54 1,085 3,857 1 283 83 12 3,776 276 6,376 846 373 392 66 2,672 11, 914 67 146 207 394 2,001 4,208 420 125 63 69 67 66 839 67 735 10, 790 505 31 37 16 252 109 19 6 7 76 387 110 9 283 1 7 23 59 21 4 2 22 8 510 19 54 1,082 3,358 282 8 78 12 2,562 271 6,170 1 See explanatory notes on page 99. 2 See footnotes to Table 21, pages 164 and 165. GENERAL TABLES. 169 OCCUPATIONS, CLASSIFIED BY SEX AND AGE PERIODS, FOR CONTINENTAL UNITED STATES': 1900-Contmued. 85 TO 44 YEARS. Total. 603 266 1,496 63 27 2,070 6,206 252 633 54 104 184 262 1,828 2,287 311 82 65 33 65 28 803 50 221 2 76 631 4,718 351 28 25 18 163 87 12 4 2 41 171 81 5 216 26 46 ■ 2,696 5 27 2,210 8 250 31 26 696 2,851 2 347 55 13 2,319 216 3,818 MaleB. ,492 63 301 27 2,046 6,188 226 531 43 84 183 217 1,826 2,283 310 82 64 31 65 28 791 49 221 2 76 631 4,705 334 28 24 18 162 87 10 ..... 39 166 Females. 65 5 178 10 5 185 20 26 694 2,849 341 9 51 13 1,496 207 3,690 7 7 2,688 1 25 2,200 3 65 11 823 9 128 45 TO 64 YEARS. Total. 248 117 824 28 190 18 1,231 3,409 127 351 28 65 184 124 1,858 1,282 160 39 45 21 74 13 972 145 1 68 418 2, 320 282 10 18 6 115 47 70 7 137 4 7 25 31 1,254 2 4 1,138 7 134 13 20 531 1,777 2 257 2 13 5 1,156 190 2,226 Males. 245 115 824 28 190 18 1,224 107 360 20 53 184 107 1,854 1,281 160 39 45 21 73 13 143 1 68 417 2,315 273 10 18 6 115 47 Females. 53 6 116 2 5 16 29 10 5 100 4 20 529 1,776 1 254 2 13 5 788 181 2,147 2 1,246 ,128 2 34 55 TO 64 YEAKS. Total. 320 13 67 87 173 16 22 324 59 13 14 14 75 5 834 33 44 1 187 710 201 37 2 3 15 16 396 4 577 12 150 595 3 123 4 4 409 117 1,106 Males. 319 12 67 5 616 987 172 9 14 85 31 831 37 187 710 ,195 Females. 149 595 1 121 1 1 10 2 396 576 1 15 15 295 107 1,060 114 10 46 65 YEARS AND OVER. 109 1 262 1,130 84 19 2 4 4 50 453 30 20 1 28 151 210 315 5 4 18 2 1 11 14 150 5 260 11 41 169 164 61 617 Males. Females. 107 1 26 381 260 1,129 83 19 2 4 4 60 3 451 30 20 1 28 150 209 11 41 169 60 124 51 592 AGE UNKNOWN. 148 257 Total. 66 526 108 190 5 3 Males. 3 14 332 26 35 85 11 165 66 520 108 190 5 Females. 14 830 26 35 61 11 162 170 NEGROES IN THE UNITED STATES. Table 23 — NEGRO PERSONS 10 TO 15 YEARS OF AGE ENGAGED IN EACH OF 140 GROUPS OF OCCUPATIONS, CLASSIFIED BY SEX AND YEAR OF AGE, FOR CONTINENTAL UNITED STATES': 1900. MALES. FEMALES. OCCUPATION. 10 years. 11 years. 12 years. IS years. 14 years. 16 years. 10 years. 11 years. 12 years. 18 years. 14 years. 15 years. 38,201 37,802 65,458 54,642 64,748 68,204 49,850 23,267 23,065 34,687 33; 636 40,077 42,597 33,446 32,780 46,876 44,622 60,426 19,076 18,981 27,584 25,483 28,729 28,107 Agricultural laborers 2 33,325 1 32,632 46, 628 1 44,334 7 50,1)44 6 49,409 14 19,07) 1 18,969 1 27,567 1 25,470 1 28,714 2 28,092 1 Dairymen and dairywomen Farmers, planters, and overseers Gardeners, florists, nurserymen, etc . Lumbermen and raftsmen 3 36 66 14 1 4 36 89 19 9 50 111 44 3 18 14 47 175 42 3 17 20 50 243 60 3 30 41 31 269 90 6 56 ^ 4 12 2 10 1 Turpentine farmers and laborers 2 1 1 1 11 11 1 11 Wood choppera Professional service 1 6 4 2 12 62 1 12 14 19 31 2 1 1 1 5 Architects, designers, draftsmen, etc Artists and teacners of art 1 1 1 1 2 Clergymen ^ Dentists Electricians 1 1 Journalists Lawyers Literary and scientific persons 3 2 10 18 3 1 2 Officials (government) Physicians and surgeons Teachers and professors In colleges, etc 1 2 6,904 4 1 2 9 Other prof esaional service 1 13,902 4,158 4,200 7,566 10, 163 12,236 4,116 3,995 6,975 7,854 11,001 Barbers and hairdressers 1 1 3 2 2 18 44 4 99 10 3 Bartenders Boarding and lodging house keepers Hotel keepers Housekeepers and stewards^ Janitors and sextons 3 3,069 4 5,528 14 12 7,602 29 38 9,127 27 1 2,116 449 1 2,632 841 4 2,K1 1,485 2,863 4,926 17 1,384 74 1,239 106 2,199 230 Nurses and midwives Restaurant keepers Saloon keepers 1,246 1,088 1,866 1,863 2,254 2,637 2,666 2,650 4,544 5,286 7,519 .... Soldiers, sailors, and marines (U. S.) Watchmen, policemen, firemen, etc 1 90 822 2 136 1,246 7 211 2,059 8 290 3,102 40 301 47 399 2 12 2 21 2 26 8 64 9 20 74 Agents 3 3' 1 8 7 1 5 Bankers and brokers i" Bookkeepers and accountants 2 Clerks and copyists ^ 2 3' 1 24 32' 2 65 8 119 i" i" 3' l' 6 4 Commercial travelers 40 78 163 311 535 888 2 2 6 Foremen and overseers ' 17 6 28 11 61 13 104 22 184 38 296 42 1 Livery stable keepers i 4 3 7 8 Merchants and dealers ( wholesale) 3 io 16 39 1 2 1 Messengers and errand and office boys Officials of banks and companies 163 194 300 383 626 630 8 16 7 9 16 ii 2 32 5 12 6 166 19 S3 9 238 26 52 1 1 1 1 46' 1,202 27 406 52 116 21 663 73 275 2 6 2 93' 2,960 1 1 3 1 1 i' 103 3 1 3 1 7 8 11 1 4' 271 61 7 7 1 1 8 7 2" 9 stenographers ana typewriters ^ Street railway employees Telegraph and telephone linemen Telegraph and telephone operators Undertakers Other persons in trade and transportation 22' 296 24' 422 37" 838 2 66' 2,070 3 Manufacturing and mechanical pursuits ' 52 64 171 452 Building trades. Carpenters and joiners Masons (brick and stone) 2 2 1 6 1 2 7 2 6 17 8 5 1 2 35 21 17 2 7 51 33 42 4 6 4 tnotes to Painters, glaziers, and vamishers Paper hangers Plasterers Plumbers and gas and steam fitters 1 i' Eoofers and slaters Mechanics (not otherwise specified) age 99. 1 1 »Seefoo Table 21, pages 164 and 165 GENERAL TABLES. 171 Table 23.— NEGRO PERSONS 10 TO 15 YEARS OF AGE ENGAGED IN EACH OF 140 GROUPS OF OCCUPATIONS, CLASSIFIED BY SEX AND YEAR OF AGE, FOR CONTINENTAL UNITED STATES': 1900— Continued. MALES. FEMALES. OCCUPATION. 10 years. 11 years. 12 years. IS years. 14 years. 15 years. t 10 years. 11 years. 12 years. 18 years. 14 years. 16 years. Manufacturing and mechanical pursuits— Con. Chemicals and aUied products. Oil well and oil works employees 1 1 2 60 3 4 3 89 11 2 2 57 201 6 12 7 4 1 8 23 41 1 7 3 159 21 2 4 116 384 8 18 6 5 2 19 38 69 2 14 11 226 26 2 8 192 501 18 33 9 8 7 21 56 118 5 1 1 Other chemical workers 1 1 1 Clay, glass, and stone products. Brick and tile makers, etc 25 1 29 2 1 2 1 Glassworkers 2 Marble and stone cutters ■ 1 Potters 2 49 148 2 8 I 2 2 5 15 1 Fishing and mining. Fishermen and oystermen 2 20 43 23 71 1 1 1 2 1 3 2 3 1 Miners and quarrymen ^ Food and kindred products. Bakers Butchers 1 2 3 2 Butter and cheese makers Confectioners Millers Other food preparers 5 6 8 1 2 2 3 3 13 Iron and steel and their products. Blacksmiths 4 6 Iron and steel workers 2 1 Steam boiler makers 1 2 3 Tool and cutlery makers Wheelwrights 1 1 1 26 2 5 1 13 2 3 Leather and its Jinisfied products. 1 6 1 2 2 Harn*>as RTid ^Mfirtlp Tnnbprsfl.nr1 rppo.irprn, ::::::::::::::: Leather curriers and tanners 2 1 ' Trunk and leather-case makers, etc Liquors and beverages. 1 2 1 1 17 132 21 3 1 4 2 4 1 Lumber and its remanufactures. 1 22 172 32 1 29 311 61 1 2 39 9 1 68 22 47 429 64 1 1 2 3 7 1 3 1 10 3 3 5 14 Metals and metal products other than iron and steel. 1 15 4 1 1 1 1 6 'I 2 Paper and printing. 1 5 13 2 1 18 6 26 5 1 37 2 9 4 3 2 4 3 2 Textiles. 1 5 1 2 1 1 3 1 10 4 2 2 8 1 6 1 15 3 8 1 1 20 26 2 2 4 2 5 4 2 2 5 8 3 2 7 7 1 4 2 1 3 6 U 57 1 4 1 26 1 10 60 29 1 40 10 1 4 2 1 2 3 8 9 2 18 3 77 11 4 5 13 1 11 1 1 22 3 2 31 5 4 36 14 11 10 1 Glovemakerg Manufacturers and officials, etc Photographers 1 3 1 Rubber factory operatives 77' 1 39 ios' 182 241' 367' 2 250 383' 8 341 32 29 60 83 117 1 26 157 50 114 137 5 8 10 17 1 44 1 See explanatory notes on page 99. 2 See footnotes to Table 21, pages 164 and 165. 172 NEGROES IN THE UNITED STATES. Table 24.— NEGRO PEESONS 10 YEARS OF AGE AND OVER ENGAGED IN EACH OF 140 GROUPS OF OCCUPATIONS, CLASSIFIED BY SEX AND CONJUGAL CONDITION, FOR CONTINENTAL UNITED STATES': 1900. OCCnPATION. All occupations . Agricultural purauits. Agricultural laborers ^ Dairymen and dairy women Farmers, planters, and overseers Gardeners, florists, nurserymen, etc. Lumbermen and raftsmen Stock raisers, herders, and drovers. Turpentine farmers and laborers Wood choppers , Other agricultural pursuits Professional service . Actors, professional showmen, etc Architects, designers, draftemen, etc . Artists and teachers of art Clergymen Dentists 1,073 23 147 1,411 90 76 39 76 201 44 2,202 144 521 12,986 110 Domestic and personal service 607, 122 Electricians Engineers (civil, etc.) and surveyors. Journalists Lawyers .' , Literary and scientific persons , Musicians and teachers of music Officials (government) Physicians and surgeons Teachers and professors in colleges, etc. Other professional service Barbers and hairdressers Bartenders Boarding and lodging house keepers. Hotel keepers Housekeepers and stewards ' Janitors and sextons Laborers (not specified ) 2 Launderers and laundresses. Nurses and midwives Restaurant keepers , Saloon keepers Servants and waiters Soldiers, sailors, and marines (U. S.). Watchmen, policemen, firemen, etc.. Other domestic and personal service. Trade and transportation . Agents Bankers and brokers Boatmen and sailors^ Bookkeepers and accountants 2 . Clerks and copyists^ Commercial travelers Draymen, hackmen, teamsters, etc. Foremen and overseers Hostlers Hucksters and peddlers Livery stable keepers Merchants and dealers (except wholesale) . Merchants and dealers (wholesale) Messengers and errand and office boys Officials of banks and companies Packers and shippers Porters and helpers (in stores, etc.) . Salesmen and saleswomen Steam railroad employees Stenographers and typewriters 2 Street railway employees Telegraph and telephone linemen Telegraph and telephone operators Undertakers Other persons in trade and transportation . Manufacturing and mechanical pur- suits. 2 Building trades. Carpenters and joiners Masons (brick and stone) Painters, glaziers, and varnishers Paper hangers Plasterers Plumbers and gas and steam fitters . . Eoofers and slaters Mechanics (not otherwise specified) . SINGLE AND UNKNOWN. Total. 987,632 910, 972 227 B8, 475 380 2,713 729 10, 131 3,893 112 19,143 Males. 1,161,684 6,657 1,090 802 112 4,556 2,583 249,249 53, 696 9,912 761 246 270,693 2,929 633 3,403 87,476 692 22 3,113 300 2,860 75 24, Oil 117 7,760 1,014 146 2,152 31 4,106 741 14, 573 1,662 22,490 284 215 167 42 125 740 105,280 3,724 3,350 1,765 216 837 279 106 81 676, 697 608,420 190 50,290 356 2,706 719 10, 030 3,884 102 8,220 Fe- males. 644,969 310,935 302, 562 37 8,186 24 7 10 101 9 10 10, 923 927 23 94 1,367 86 76 39 70 197 31 1,490 125 474 3,178 43 300,376 6,287 1,078 155 84 318 2,416 210, 205 776 357 678 240 71,241 2,929 624 85,607 6 4 13 712 19 47 9,808 67 306,746 370 12 647 28 167 39,044 52, 820 9,555 183 6 199, 352 571 22 3,108 151 2,479 70 23,931 113 7,751 901 146 2,023 31 3,988 587 14, 469 1,426 22,424 135 211 167 31 120 718 90,784 3,705 3,344 1,744 212 836 278 105 81 6 149 381 5 80 113 129 154 104 237 66 149 MAEBIED. Total. 1, 744, 168 981, 343 351, 317 250 609, 643 1,626 3,166 484 9,845 4,919 26 76 12,892 108 102 74 122 471 44 1,464 463 1,022 7,092 129 481, 683 11, 674 1,253 1,338 266 2,500 7,795 244, 382 87,986 3,645 2,446 662 113,066 511 2,051 2,108 109, 797 1,216 62 3,059 144 2,961 101 39,699 398 5,769 1,782 331 5,972 102 880 1,006 13,083 1,001 30,363 101 385 380 27 288 660 146, 604 15,177 312 2,571 813 234 264 Males. 808, 578 172, 765 Fe- males. 376,096 194,244 198 594,201 1,578 3,166 480 9,744 4,889 21, 403 764 26 61 12,823 106 101 73 117 468 36 1,114 432 961 4,230 101 11,312 1,247 376 216 807 7,440 221,641 859 329 1,898 651 42,869 611 2,038 1,841 108,503 157,073 52 15,442 48 10 4 101 30 5 25 69 2 1 1 6 3 8 360 21 61 2,862 28 187, 648 1,138 52 3,047 117 2,839 99 39,621 395 5,768 1,609 329 6,557 100 867 97 948 13, 026 892 30,266 79 385 330 27 135, 653 15, 160 9,829 3,591 312 2,666 813 234 263 962 50 355 22,741 87, 127 3,316 648 11 70, 197 13 267 1,294 77 12 27 112 2 78 3 11 173 2 416 2 18 1 58 67 109 97 22 23 10,851 WIDOWED. Total. 413,063 164,462 76, 107 54 85,886 432 316 708 834 27 2,839 12 1,150 13 6 7 9 49 11 221 48 172 1,038 28 213, 520 1,390 111 1,910 97 3,296 1,090 48,822 73, 953 5,696 738 65 75,512 48 287 510 10, 604 179 8 298 27 330 10 3,542 45 867 447 29 898 14 84 10 111 1,194 126 2,177 10 24 27 119 21, 648 1 See explanatory notes on page i 2,086 1,132 321 87 27 32 Males. 135,408 71, 218 29,299 13 39,652 339 314 81 676 826 18 5 1,102 12 Fe- males. 277,665 93,234 Total. 126 288 1,164 107 72 26 69 760 29,411 226 69 201 62 5,602 48 274 253 9,680 46,808 41 46,234 1,001 108 10 46 750 19 112 8 297 11 268 5 1,611 42 27 596 13 70 1,159 70 2,134 4 24 27 29 94 14,338 2,076 1,127 318 87 26 32 226 4 1,888 71 3,237 19,411 73,727 5,627 532 3 69, 910 28,463 9,727 13 257 924 67 1 16 62 6 31 3 4 207 35 25 7,310 5,729 6 3,818 18 27 10 60 57 2 296 19 161 1 221 18 137 6 244 68 3,482 4,569 178 53 17 6,563 10 22 46 1,112 Males. 10, 333 19 5 110 27 73 1 5 2 7 127 10 297 2 10 1,684 127 70 29 9 28 14 2 'See footnotes to Table 21, pages 164 and 166. 4,660 2,476 2 2,014 16 27 195 18 8 3 6 60 2,235 16 4 20 16 649 10 22 25 1,062 13 5 110 12 4 69 1 5 2 6 125 9 293 127 70 28 9 28 14 2 GENERAL TABLES. 173 Tablb 24.— negro PERSONS 10 YEARS OF AGE AND OVER ENGAGED IN EACH OF 140 GROUPS OF OCCUPATIONS, CLASSIFIED BY SEX AND CONJUGAL CONDITION, FOR CONTINENTAL UNITED STATES ' : 1900— Continued. OCCUPATION. Manufacturing and mechanical pur- suits—Continued. Chemicals and allied products. Oil well and oil works employees Other chemical workers Clay, glass, and stone products. Brick and tile makers, etc Glassworkers Marble and stone cutters Potters Fishing and mining. Fishermen and oystermen ^ Miners and quarrymen Food and kindred products. Bakers Butchers Butter and cheese makers Confectioners Millers Other food preparers SINGLE AND UNKNOWN. Total. Iron and steel and their products. Blacksmiths Iron and steel workers ' Machinists Steam boiler makers Stove, furnace, and grate makers . Tool and cutlery maters Wheelwrights Wlreworkers Leather and its finished products. Boot and shoe makers and repairers Harness and saddle makers and repairers. Leather curriers and tanners Trunk and leather-case makers, etc Liquors and beverages. Bottlers and soda water makers, etc . Brewers and maltsters Distillers and rectifiers Luroher and its remanvfactures. Cabinetmakers Coopers Saw and planing mill employees Other woodworkers Metals and metal products other than iron and steel. Brassworkers Clock and watch makeis and repairers Gold and silver workers Tin plate and tinware makers Other mietal workers Paper and printing. Bookbinders Boxmakers (paper) Engravers Paper and pulp mill operatives Pnnters, lithographers, and pressmen . Textiles. Bleaohery and dye works operatives . . . Carpet factory operatives Cotton mill operatives Hosiery and knitting mill operatives. . . Silk mill operatives — Woolen mill operatives Other textile mill operatives . Dressmakers Hat and cap makers Milliners Shirt, collar, and cuff makers. Tailors and tailoresses Other textile workers Miscellaneous industries. Broom and brush makers Charcoal, coke, and lime burners Engineers and firemen (not locomotive) . Glovemakers Manufacturers and officials, etc Model and pattern makers Photographers Kubber factory operatives Tobacco and cigar factory operatives. Upholsterers , Other miscellaneous industries 700 367 5,073 260 373 4,112 17, 175 661 1,057 138 221 192 730 2,150 6,165 1,139 84 344 10 81 955 15,613 1,207 36 36 30 360 129 109 681 149 18 645 22 117 69 178 5,215 9 110 4,5 145 910 51 108 1,737 2,151 5 202 5 118 17 8,063 301 9,698 Males. Fe- males. 692 346 5,057 254 370 84 4,063 17, 127 628 1,060 132 204 189 567 2,144 5,156 386 84 67 82 84 62 1,092 83 81 948 15,668 1,104 28 348 125 92 594 142 16 421 39 132 29 52 21 768 18 106 1,737 2,149 1 193 5 109 15 5,476 285 9,163 7 6 17 3 163 6 9 2 1 7 45 103 7 2 224 14 71 46 5,186 ,106 4,496 124 142 33 2 2,587 16 645 Total. 1,519 765 4,619 157 789 119 5,660 17, 469 771 1,767 161 271 596 646 6,975 6,517 817 213 162 101 263 82 2,834 167 666 13 82 76 230 213 1,811 16,183 1,296 73 66 32 522 204 31 18 12 142 494 257 23 681 11 15 127 4,405 13 44 3,891 28 786 66 91 1,921 7,345 8 894 19 120 27 5,869 638 10,859 Males. 1,609 754 4,503 166 787 119 6,628 17,415 740 1,763 136 260 Fe- males. 577 6, 966 6,506 816 213 161 100 253 82 2,819 164 664 13 81 75 230 212 1,808 16,130 1,266 72 66 32 619 203 26 5 12 136 486 227 19 620 7 13 51 114 18 11 2 27 20 701 42 91 1,915 7,340 4 19 114 27 4,3.57 616 10,598 Total. Males. 30 4 61 4 2 18 13 4,387 2 42 3,864 1,612 23 261 134 45 619 1,747 82 163 21 46 100 87 921 581 52 36 19 14 36 569 18 60 48 189 1,336 282 127 45 342 696 1,728 48 162 7 19 97 44 920 578 60 35 664 18 68 Fe- 31 23 2,730 2,900 139 41 12 201 655 2 81 47 188 ,326 253 DIVORCED. Total. 36 170 1,311 97 1,287 10 198 653 "77 364 78 1,121 18 1 56 3 2 27 9 2,723 Males. 9 135 18 2 219 2 198 947 19 166 106 9 95 4973- 1 See explanatory notes on page 99. -Bull. 8—07 12 2 See footnotes to Table 21, pages 164 and 165. 169 Fe- males. 133 18 1 "35'i 71 1 6 174 NEGROES IN THE UNITED STATES. Table 25.— NEGRO PEESOJSTS 10 YEARS OF AGE AND OVER ENGAGED IN EACH OF 140 GROUPS OF OCCUPATIONS WHO WERE UNEMPLOYED! DURING SOME PORTION OF THE CENSUS YEAR, CLASSIFIED BY SEX AND MONTHS UNEMPLOYED, FOR CONTINENTAL UNITED STATES': 1900. OCCUPATION. All occupations . Agricultural pursuits. Agricultural laborers 2 Dairymen and dairywomen Farmers, planters, and overseers Gardeners, florists, nurserymen, etc. Lumbermen and raftsmen Stock raisers, herders, and drovers. Turpentine farmers and laborers. . . Wood choppers Other agricultural pursuits Professional service . Actors, professional showmen, etc . . . Architects, designers, draftsmen, etc . Artists and teachers of art Clergymen Dentists Electricians Engineers (civil, etc.) and surveyors- Journalists Lawyers Literary and scientific persons Musicians and teachers of music Officials (government) Physicians and surgeons Teachers and professors in colleges, etc. Other professional service Domestic and personal service . Barbers and hairdressers Bartenders Boarding and lodging house keepers . Hotel keepers Housekeepers and stewards 2 Janitors and sextons Laborers (not specified) ' Launderers and laundresses. . . Nurses and mldwives BestBiUrant keepers Baloon keepers Servants and waiters Soldiers, sailors, and marines (U. S.). Watchmen, policemen, firemen, etc. . Other domestic and personal service. Trade and transportation Agents Bankers and brokers Boatmen and sailors 2 Bookkeepers and accountants 2 . Clerks and copyists^ Commercial travelers Draymen, hackmen, teamsters, etc . Foremen and overseers Hostlers Hucksters and peddlers Livery stable keepers Merchants and dealers (except wholesale) . . Merchants and dealers ( wholesale) Messengers and errand and office boys Officials of banks and companies '. Packers and shippers Porters and helpers (in stores, etc.) . Salesmen and saleswomen Steam railroad employees Stenographers and typewriters 2 Street railway employees Telegraph and telephone linemen Telegraph and telephone operators ■ Undertakers Other persons in trade and transportation . . Manufacturing and mechanical pur- suits. 2 Building trades. Carpenters and joiners Masons (brick and stone) Painters, glaziers, and varnish ers Paper hangers Plasterers Plumbers and gas and steam fitters . . Koof ers and slaters - Mechanics (not otherwise specified) . AGGEEQATE. 1, 169, 900 636, 408 519, 094 66 105, 863 574 1,872 6,141 3,365 120 16, 132 531 43 622 928 60 68 13, 736 30 374,832 1,732 266 134 15 1,133 1,048 239,286 44,309 6,270 288 78, 694 47 211 1,360 36, 232 410 6 2,063 59 463 29 11,732 53 2,070 635 27 487 32 1,047 11 623 3,441 273 12,183 151 96 11 15 348 96, 296 7,374 2,342 282 1,919 278 170 84 Males. 761,939 409, 080 300,730 40 97, 053 660 1,867 328 5,061 3,348 103 6,713 435 4 23 607 6 29 32 7 36 5 627 48 47 ,790 17 262 52 13 138 976 200,030 299 243 203 39 18,366 47 207 1,052 35, 608 6 2, 065 37 402 28 11, 703 63 2,066 436 27 443 32 1,008 11 519 3,418 231 12, 144 150 96 8 14 333 87,024 8,340 7,365 2,334 280 1,912 278 •170 Fe- males. 397, 961 227,328 218,364 16 8,800 24 5 6 80 17 17 9,419 96 301 2 21 8,946 13 161,318 1 TO S MONTHS. 144 4 82 2 995 73 39,266 44,010 6,027 85 4 308 104 23 42 39 Total. 649,012 388, 083 294,818 32 86, 892 241 1,263 136 3,540 2,130 32 5,619 218 2 14 226 5 11 18 3 18 4 372 24 26 4,666 14 184, 911 836 143 72 8 616 692 118, 829 20,496 2,651 116 26 39, 991 18 105 614 20,642 144 1 1,037 24 213 12 6,833 37, 978 248 14. 207 11 276 1,940 132 7,846 26 94 60 5 7 122 49, 767 4,059 3,301 1,127 118 788 171 71 37 Males. 462, 941 270, 048 182,463 23 80, 299 230 1,260 134 3,492 2,117 30 2,416 173 2 8 218 11 18 3 17 2 271 23 16 1,644 7 114,377 782 142 29 7 64 661 102, 141 146 no 26 9,776 18 104 20, 376 130 1 1,033 15 195 12 6,821 37 977 190 14 196 11 367 227 1,927 121 7,817 12 Fe- males. 196,071 112,355 9 5,693 4 TO 6 MONTHS. Total. 224, 466 45 1 2 101 1 10 3,021 7 70,634 53 1 43 1 462 41 16,688 20,360 2,541 30 1 lOS 267 93 50 4 7 115 45,726 1 1 7 4,032 4,055 3,296 1,126 118 784 171 71 37 4 6 1 4 202, 740 18 18, 111 276 646 159 1,462 1,081 72 6,667 Males. 126,059 Fe- males. 244 1 17 269 11 10 3 15 2 419 19 21 6,520 13 584 91 46 103,425 19,426 2,-725 126 29,668 13 75 667 12, 680 106,314 12 15, 189 266 544 156 1,434 1,078 66 3,011 218 2 928 23 162 14 1,957 13 895 237 227 16 295 1,136 96 3,579 22 47 38 6 4 164 39, 138 3,480 3,392 1,011 148 942 82 84 201 1 6 265 3 11 10 3 15 2 287 18 18 2,172 91,962 629 90 17 6 83,461 116 109 87 9 6,597 13 72 509 12, 326 99,406 96,426 6 2,922 10 2 43 132 1 3 3,348 4 65,559 193 2 925 15 138 13 3,942 13 894 206 202 16 465 7 250 1,129 75 3,673 9 47 4 168 34, 874 3,474 3,388 1,006 146 940 82 84 ' See explanatory notes on page 99. 56 1 29 1 387 25 19,964 19, 310 2,616 158 254 25 25 4,264 7 TO 12 MONTHS. Total. 23, 860 21,636 6 1,850 57 63 39 139 154 16 69 1 12 138 7 4 1 4 2 137 7 21 3,560 3 32,400 313 32 16 1 165 148 17, 032 4,387 894 46 6 9,135 16 31 179 3,010 942 3 197 50 4 53 5 178 1 45 768 21 7,401 2 See footnotes to Table 21, pages 164 and 165. 814 681 204 16 189 25 16 11 Males. 13,973 ,11,963 5 1,565 64 135 153 7 1,286 61 1 9 134 7 13 974 1 17,175 277 36 30 2 6 10 1 19 146 141 14,428 37 24 30 5 1,993 7,142 16 31 137 42 2,907 103 37 11 3 97 1 7 6 69 19 3 940 2 3 194 3 40 10 4 46 8 5 176 2 1 42 362 35 754 9 10 7 1 3 1 60 2 6,425 976 811 S 681 203 1 16 188 1 25 15 U GENERAL TABLES. 175 Table 25 NEGRO PEBSONS 10 YEARS OF AGE AND OVER ENGAGED IN EACH OF 140 GROUPS OF OCCUPATIONS WHO WERE UNEMPLOYED! DURING SOME PORTION OF THE CENSUS YEAR, CLASSIFIED BY SEX AND MONTHS UNEMPLOYED, FOR CONTINENTAL UNITED STATES': 1900— Continued. OCCUPATION. Manufacturing and mechanical pur- suits—Continued . Chemicals and allied producte. Oil well and oil works employees Other chemical workers Clay, glass, and stone products. Brick and tile makers, etc Glassworkers Marble and stone cutters Potters Fishing and mining. Fishermen and oystermen ' Miners and quarrymen Food and kindred products. Bakers Butchers Butter and cheese makers Confectioners Millers Other food preparers Iron and steel and their products. Blacksmiths Iron and steel workers « Machinists -, — Steam boiler makers AGGREGATE. StOTe, furnace, and grate makers . Tool and cutlery makers Wheelwrights Wlreworkers Leather and its finished products. Boot and shoe makers and repairers Harness and saddle makers and repairers. Leather curriers and tanners Trunk and leather-case makers, etc Liquors and beverages. ' Bottlers and soda water makers, etc . Brewers and maltsters Distillers and rectifiers Lumber and its remanufactures. Cabinetmakers Coopers Saw and planing mill employees Other woodworkers Metals and metal products other than iron and Brassworkers Clock and watch makers and repairers . Gold and silver workers Tin plate and tinware makers Other metal workers Paperr and printing. Bookbinders BozmakeiB (paper) Engravers Paper and pulp mill operatives Prmters, lithographers, and pressmen. Textiles. Bleaohery and dye works operatives. . Carpet factory operatives — ~. Cotton mill operatives Hosiery and knitting mill operatives. . Silk mill operatives Woolen mill operatives Other textile mill operatives . Dressmakers Hat and cap makers Milliners Seamstresses Shirt, collar, and cuff makers . Tailors and tailoresses Other textile workers MiseeUmieous industries. Broom and brush makers Charcoal, coke, and lime burners Engineers and firemen (not locomotive) . Glovemakers Manufacturers and officials, etc Model and pattern makers Photographers Rubber factory operatives t Tobacco and cigar factory operatives . Upholsterers Other miscellaneous industries 1,077 801 6,571 26B 484 49 5,496 15,045 201 411 47 79 147 499 1,443 8,630 190 50 57 60 70 40 710 42 240 1 63 916 11,734 946 16 16 10 248 86 7 16 5 48 200 821 10 18 46 72 2,521 10 38 2,790 16 265 34 1,412 2,011 4 169 5 27 6 8,829 198 6,447 Males. Fe- males. 1,064 295 5,551 251 483 49 5,462 14,995 187 409 43 75 147 414 1,442 3,624 190 50 57 47 70 40 682 42 238 1 63 911 11, 691 16 15 10 240 2 2 6 41 176 66 3 211 4 10 21 65 9 10 1 24 3 199 10 51 1,410 2,010 2 168 5 26 6 5,473 186 6,109 86 1 TO 8 MONTHS. 12 3 110 6 26 7 2,612 37 2,766 13 66 24 2,856 12 338 Total. 516 174 1,967 170 237 26 1,370 9,787 220 27 40 86 239 2,616 121 38 321 24 150 1 26 397 478 151 42 49 1 181 2 9 20 39 ,180 5 16 135 9 26 622 1,137 1 83 4 12 5 3,426 106 3,657 Males. 509 169 1,960 167 237 26 1,365 9,760 219 26 2,611 121 30 304 24 160 1 26 396 7,812 460 2 6 147 41 44 116 1 6 12 39 7 5 10 2 111 6 26 621 1,137 82 4 11 6 2,361 98 3,402 Fe- 20 4 TO 6 MONTHS. Total. 1,173 16 1,276 7 24 4 1,064 7 165 617 110 1,339 63 203 19 1,740 1,677 77 166 15 31 62 200 514 835 64 14 17 10 23 13 265 11 63 Males. 22 420 8,491 380 610 110 ,329 52 202 19 3,714 4,664 72 165 14 30 52 157 614 834 54 14 268 11 ^3 Fe- males. 43 115 4 2 18 23 ,039 5 15 19 212 696 1 62 1 11 1 4,314 73 2,436 22 417 3,476 362 7 TO 12 MONTHS. Total. 18 211 694 1 62 1 11 1 2,738 69 2,291 3 2 83 2 2 11 4 1,037 276 32 44 4 681 25 36 6 235 179 16 121 7 27 Males. 16 407 87 10 302 1,178 2 1,576 315 5 32 6 7 678 179 2 24 590 20 454 272 32 44 4 383 681 235 179 15 120 7 26 404 87 7 678 179 1 24 374 19 416 312 4 « 5 216 1 38 1 See explanatory notes on page i ' See footnotes to Table 21, pages 164 and 165. 176 NEGROES IN THE UNITED STATES. Table 26.— NEGRO PERSONS 10 YEARS OF AGE AND OVER ENGAGED IN SELECTED GROUPS OF OCCUPA- ALPHABET- OCOUPATION. MALES. Agricultural pursuits. Agricultural laborers 2 Dairymen Farmers, planters, and overseers Gardeners, florists, nurserymen, etc. Lumbermen and raftsmen Stock raisers, herders, and drovers. Turpentine farmers and laborers Wood choppers All others in this class , Professional service . 17 Musicians and teachers of music. Actors, professional showmen, etc . Clergymen Dentists Lawyers . Officials (government) » Physicians and surgeons Teachers and professors in colleges, etc. All others in this class Domestic and personal service . Barbers and hairdressers Bartenders Bootblacks Hotel and boarding house keepers . Janitors and sextons Laborers (not specified) ' Launderers Nurses Restaurant and saloon keepers ServantB and waiters Soldiers, sailors, and marines (U. S.) . Stewards ' Watchmen, policemen, firemen, etc.. All others in this class Trade and transportation . Agents Bankers, brokers, officials of banks, etc Boatmen and sailors ' .■ Bookkeepers, clerks, stenographers, etc. ". . Draymen, hackmen, teamsters, etc Toremen and overseers. . Hostlers Hucksters and peddlers . Livery stable keepers Merchants and dealers . . Messengers and errand and office boys. Newspaper carriers and newsboys Packers and shippers Porters and helpers (in stores, etc.) Salesmen ; Steam railroad employees Street railway employees Telegraph and telephone linemen . Undertakers All others in this class Manufacturing and mechanical pur- suits, s Bakers Basketmakers Blacksmiths Bleachery and dye works operatives. Boot and shoe makers and repairers . Boxmakers (wood) Brick and tile makers, etc . Broom and brush makers ^ Butchers Butter and cheese makers . Cabinetmakers Carpenters and j oiners Charcoal, coke, and lime burners. Chemical works employees Confectioners Coopers Cotton mill operatives Distillers and rectifiers Engineers and firemen (not locomotive) . Fertilizer makers Fishermen and oystermen^ Furniture manufactory employees Gas worlpi employees Glassworkers Harness and saddle makers and repairers. 1 See explanatory notes on ] United States. ' 2,682,091 1,561,175 834,452 403 686, 163 2,289 6,203 1,289 20,509 9,656 211 31, 723 1,781 15, 366 205 718 2,736 668 1,574 7,743 642, 213 18, 964 2,460 3,031 940 10, 676 463, 537 1,877 769 3,567 120,401 9,681 1,191 2,959 2,180 205,017 1,834 226 6,491 6,113 67, 638 655 14,475 2,762 505 8,384 4,932 532 1,624 28,780 2,396 55,117 625 629 439 1,160 241,963 1,423 403 10,087 390 4,506 264 9,931 209 2,990 276 840 21,068 3,861 236 474 2,953 1,079 322 10,218 842 10, 327 456 334 420 269 Continen- tal United States. 1 2, 676, 497 884,438 403 686, 157 2,288 6,203 1,289 20,609 9,656 210 31,625 1,764 15, 364 205 718 2,730 695 1,574 7,743 932 636,933 18,958 2,450 3,031 940 10, 676 463,492 1,877 759 3,566 120, 361 3,498 1,190 2,958 2,177 204,862 1,834 225 6,486 6,111 67,396 655 14, 472 2,762 606 4,930 532 1,619 28, 779 2,396 66,117 625 629 439 1,160 241, 934 1,422 403 10,083 390 4,606 264 9,931 209 2,990 276 21, 067 3,861 236 474 2,963 1,079 322 10, 215 842 10,323 456 834 420 266 North Atlantic division. 132, 618 12,776 10,764 9 1,623 366 34 17 2,801 492 931 76 154 164 255 73,882 2,950 236 684 182 3,138 38,840 188 78 780 25,254 171 667 529 386 24,827 248 40 622 1,312 10,244 80 2,967 392 72 1,014 1,104 69 160 4,920 431 821 68 12 57 194 18,333 115 13 306 10 2,765 28 161 16 27 620 540 20 61 68 38 2 966 6 257 43 43 122 26 New England. 19, 767 1,976 234 52 70 109 22 24 76 10, 389 23 161 24 954 4,198 30 10 141 4,028 45 115 213 279 10 539 62 8 168 148 11 60 773 136 5 5 42 2,699 71 25 216 5 1C2 7 2 14 13 32 169 1 76 13 3 3 6 Southern North Atlantic. 112, 851 10, 799 9,095 9 1,289 314 2,384 422 822 64 65 631 26 121 149 194 63, 493 2,461 213 423 158 2,184 34,642 158 68 639 21,226 126 452 443 300 20,641 185 32 409 1,033 8,641 70 2,428 330 58 100 4,147 296 674 62 7 62 152 16,634 82 13 234 44 169 1 2,744 24 112 12 22 438 533 18 47 45 6 2 797 4 181 30 40 119 20 South Atlantic division. 1,091,601 651, 486 365,385 182 259,087 817 2,816 328 17,084 5,679 109 11,120 181 6,213 49 227 612 279 490 2,932 237 241, 798 5,a63 853 • 582 230 2,033 192,110 702 368 1,141 36,208 435 327 998 648 77, 621 621 76 3,213 2,154 26,501 152 3,793 1,885 187 3,950 2,286 228 575 8,000 22,539 262 278 226 313 109, 576 680 253 4,316 197 2,375 179 3,887 90 1,306 134 158 10,986 1,697 117 202 1,685 776 200 4,241 723 'See footnotes to Table 9, 005 240 119 14 188 21, pages 164 and 166. Northern South Atlantic. 124,115 78,498 72 44,168 374 260 641 14 115 .,689 27 127 321 117 215 982 111 2,651 416 282 104 1,280 76,700 302 162 668 19,306 275 186 367 34 1,797 1,161 12, 189 75 2,314 795 1,149 187 312 7,867 128 73 141 164 45,421 243 88 1,521 72 942 140 1,780 37 400 42 51 2,255 1,601 43 91 592 53 13 1,461 186 6,891 35 49 11 20 . GENERAL TABLES. 177 TIONg, CLASSIFIED BY SEX, BY GEOGRAPHIC DIVISIONS AND BY STATES AND TERRITORIES ARRANGED ICALLY: 1900. North Central division. Eastern North Central. Western North Central. South Central division. Eastern South Central. Western South Central. Western division. Rooky Moun- tain. Basin and Plateau. Pacific. Alahama. Alaska. Ari- zona. Arkan- sas. Cali- iornia. Colo- rado. 169,075 91,032 78,043 1,269,371 766,156 503, 215 12,832 5,463 1,609 5,760 256,452 147 1,175 116,594 3,903 3,273 1 30,869 12,839 18,020 865,009 618,160 346,849 1,024 320 88 616 180,774 53 87, 206 478 119 5 18,116 31 11,994 296 99 170 7,368 20 5,059 134 77 88 10,748 11 6,936 162 22 82 439,695 172 413,268 789 3,239 600 3,425 3,735 86 12, 960 262,538 134 248,616 500 1,162 180 3,407 1,626 7 7,257 177,167 38 164,662 289 2,087 420 18 2,109 79 5,703 478 9 286 20 16 174 94 1 94 5 23 861 8 169 15 16 17 ♦94,301 25 82,878 53 461 84 2,160 809 3 1,778 6 41,586 6 44,796 29 399 15 296 8 110 15 5 12 35 47' 8 81 22 8 1 e 1 115 42 38 i 9 9 4,364 85 8 2,461 59 1 1,903 40 2 380 10 1 148 30 871 4 1,299 27 132 2 1 91 1( 1 21 1 1 8 r 211 12 650 1,674 33 173 806 98 302 627 201 86,190 368 786 23 116 513 60 182 285 143 49,168 187 788 10 57 293 48 120 342 58 37,032 465 6,551 47 211 679 175 610 4,015 207 226,138 377 3,769 28 128 345 87 302 2,118 113 129,170 88 2,792 19 83 334 88 308- 1,897 94 96,968 76 95 25- 38 1 5 50 52 16 1,114 5 6 47 21 55 479 35 34,121 1 3 9 680 2 27 56 18 91 400 16 15,499 36 87 8 30 la 14 IS 18 126 10 18 5 32 7,926 8 55 5 2 3 12 3,248 10 60 4 16 2 17 3,321 6 28 2 13 1 9 2,285 5 31 5 2 2 8 1,965 16 11 1 1 4 17 IS "/» 3 1,366 21 132 1,017 22 5,139 482 749 153 3,289 62,069 322 62 656 21,805 210 139 562 553 23,887 3,398 343 364 74 1,998 28,680 137 38 433 12,862 141 79 374 257 13,636 1,741 139 396 79 1,291 23,389 185 24 223 8,953 69 60 188 296 10,352 6,063 816 903 345 1,656 178,141 621 244 909 34,688 1,176 116 829 633 76,897 2,948 461 567 187 1,042 101,362 318 180 466 20,637 275 60 461 306 49,876 2,116 364 336 158 613 76,779 303 64 443 14,151 901 56 368 327 27,022 543 64 213 30 561 2,332 44 7 80 2,406 1,506 41 40 58 1,620 231 22 40 14 248 1,173 11 3 25 1,076 346 3 21 85 764 61 5 18 7 22 155 3 1 11 167 907 2 1 6 61 261 37 155 9 291 1,004 30 3 44 1,163 253 36 18 17 795 657 216 115 85 172 27,485 83 47 124 4,963 32 23 116 53 13,639 i' 40 4 7 5 10 115 2 411 73 67 58 103 11,867 61 12 101 2,499 10 1 88 158 5,431 170 18 117 5 242 815 26 3 27 763 52 28 11 9 - 603 129 11 33 6 192 769 8 2 17 762 7 1 16 22 627 23 24 2S 26 2' 2S 2S 3f 1 6 126 3 8 100 722 1 1 2 40 31 35 3; ■64 8£ 8( 3' 221 36 688 1,130 7,967 48 2,753 237 72 941 421 143 197 5,765 305 2,552 112 13 36 251 23,775 138 27 501 744 4,296 30 1,796 158 39 681 281 75 88 3,114 191 1,200 70 13 26 168 13,039 83 9 187 386 3,671 18 967 79 33 360 140 68 109 2,661 114 1,352 42 722 68 1,907 1,440 22,268 272 4,868 726 167 2,411 1,067 - 86 676 9,662 759 29,018 179 224 120 378 88,367 416 43 1,187 842 14,404 109 2,938 498 112 1,525 718 68 479 6,670 410 18,920 149 194 83 220 61,694 306 25 720 598 7,854 163 1,920 227 55 886 349 28 197 2,992 349 10,098 30 30 37 158 26,673 . 22 5 66 75 426 3 101 23 7 64 52 6 11 532 19 187 4 2 1 24 1,883 11 2 7 23 194 1 35 7 3 18 11 1 4 297 11 124 2 1 10 3 47 50 218 1 64 16 3 45 40 5 7 203 8 59 2 2 147 17 188 269 3,490 26 497 134 43 481 278 21 37 1,482 124 6,313 41 46 20 41 26,140" 54 3 50 111 1,490 36 319 30 4 236 51 7 31 662 94 2,818 3 1 7 34 7,159 9 8 80 40 177 1 55 12 46' 35 5 6 126 6 46 1 1 12' 410 9 2 is' 135 1 27 6 2 12 10 1 4 207 9 70 2 i 11 571 HI 3< 2 2 14 1 2 2 4( 41 12 1 4; 4; 4^ 4 i 1 1 i' 1 1 1 4 4 41 4 61 32 1 20 5 5 4 3 6 6 6 10 83 10,736 i 12 983 12' 817 5 83 11 57 5 94 8 766 24 284 7 700 30 407 32 26 953 58 6 53 124 14 7 1,514 15 97 36 52 276 23 57 5 453 14 182 7 322 20 191 17 17 691 7 6 34 92 14 5 927 14 47 20 38 205 16 37 3 313 10 102 624 129 4,628 97 1,424 68 2,605 59 1,112 90 129 8,418 1,566 93 148 1,083 251 111 3,443 99 934 136 120 298 87 3,068 76 918 37 1,878 56 658 43 68 5,313 1,513 72 94 516 203 103 2,333 94 449 101 103 5 226 42 1,660 21 506 31 727 3 454 47 61 3,105 53 21 54 567 48 8 1,110 5 485 35 17 2 9 1 2 6 126 34 898 49 335 16 544 10 217 10 17 1,807 1,149 12 25 144 168 17 714 50 152 21 39 1 18 2 34 11 323 4 81 29 93 2 71 3 6 569 3 4 1 6 6 69 3 38 22 1 14 4 43 2 22 1 31 2 19 15 1 6 6 6 2 2 6 6 378' 10 216 15 9 362 61 1 19 32 24 2 14 4 13 1 4 1 2 9 1 9 1 2 9 1 7 1 41' io 1 3 29' 6 6 /^ I 1 2 6 6 e 91 88 5 48 3 10 3 6 2 4 1 10 7 1 4 4 2 2 587 1 60 15 14 71 2 51 25 5 2 21 3 278 6 12 30 2 1 1 28 2 4 90 11 2 26 2 1 3 1 3 6 i 1 178 NEGROES IN THE UNITED STATES. Table 26.— NEGEO PERSONS 10 YEARS OF AGE AND OVER ENGAGED IN SELECTED GROUPS OF OOCUPA- ALPHABET- OCCUPATION. MALES— Continued. Manufacturing and mechanical pur- suits—Continued. Iron and steel workers (not otherwise speei- fled).2 Leather curriers and tanners Machinists Manufacturers and officials, etc Marble and stone cutters Masons (brick and stone) Meat, fish, and fruit packers, etc Mechanics (not otherwise specified) Metal workers (not otherwise specified) . Millers Miners and quarr ymen Oil well and oil works employees. Painters, glaziers, and varnishers . Paper and pulp mill operatives . . . Paper hangers Photographers Plasterers Plumbers and gaa and steam fitters Potters Printers, lithographers, and pressmen . Eoofers and slaters Saw and planing mill employees. . Steam boiler makers Stove, furnace, and grate makers . Tailors Textile mill operatives (not otherwise speci- fied). Tin plate and tinware makers Tobacco and cigar factory operatives Turpentine distillers Upholsterers Wheelwrights Whltewasners Woodworkers (not otherwise specified) . All others in this class FEMALES. Agricultural pursuits. Agricultural laborers * Farmers, planters, and overaeers. Turpentine farmers and laborers. All others in this class Professional service . Actresses, professional show-women, etc. Musicians and teachers of music Teachers and professors in colleges, etc . . All others in this class Domestic and personal service . Barbers and hairdressers Hotel and boarding house keepers . Housekeepers and stewardesses ^ . . . Janitors and sextons Laborers ( not specified )' Laundresses Nurses and midwives Restaurant and saloon keepers. Servants and waitresses All others in this class Trade and transportation . Agents Bookkeepers, clerks, stenographers, etc. 2. Hucksters and peddlers Merchants and dealers Packers and shippers , Saleswomen Steam railroad employees. j*ll others in this class Manufacturing and mechanical pur- suits. 2 Cotton mill operatives Dressmakers Seamstresses Tailoresses Textile mill operatives (not otherwise speci- fied). Tobacco and cigar factory operatives All others In this class United States. 1 » 12, 642 1,069 1,258 1,166 1,252 14,371 1,106 376 627 36,446 2,352 6,751 236 580 230 3,748 1,192 210 1,120 367 33,156 336 247 1,631 468 901 10,232 5,688 986 374 2,355 1,518 13,620 1,316,872 682,001 609,687 71,665 236 414 16,601 262 1,186 13,525 629 681,947 984 3,728 9,408 860 82,443 218,228 18, 676 1,318 346, 386 916 ■4, 137 271 931 508 863 246 403 210 705 33, 186 346 12, 517 11, 452 314 246 5,117 3,194 Continen- tal United States. 1 12,642 1,069 1,258 1,165 1,262 14,370 1,106 376 627 886 36,439 2,352 5,749 236 580 230 3,748 1,192 210 1,119 367 33,166 335 247 1,531 468 901 10,232 6,688 374 2,385 1,618 13, 518 582,001 509,687 71,665 235 414 15, 594 256 1,185 13,624 629 681, 926 3,728 9,406 860 82,443 218,227 18, 672 1,317 346,373 916 4,137 271 931 608 246 403 210 706 33, 182 346 12, 514 11,461 314 246 6,117 3,194 North Atlantic division. 1,977 112 237 187 162 1,777 12 22 198 22 1,752 46 693 65 125 61 186 164 26 248 117 \ 14 38 248 126 119 371 2 190 115 1,893 72,048 6 906 115 269 396 126 66,549 221 480 1,890 387 1,682 12, 150 917 113 48,520 554 65 214 6 86 12 77 6 19 2,628 700 62 22 404 New England. 65 80 27 24 271 2 4 102 2 27 3 163 28 13 12 14 46 1 48 7 27 6 4 97 60 15 11 35 86 36 304 11,154 18 ..... 160 35 57 203 2,463 185 12 6,474 61 149 7 21 2 22 841 17 432 142 30 27 2 191 Southern North Atlantic. 1,837 57 167 160 138 1,606 10 18 96 20 1,726 42 430 37 112 49 172 119 26 200 28 90 9 34 151 66 104 360 2 155 10 310 79 1,589 60,894 123 6 746 94 206 360 66,573 186 387 1,497 330 1,879 9,687 732 101 42, 046 228 405 37 153 6 68 5 66 4 76 8,047 2 2,198 658 32 26 South Atlantic division. 2,818 468 438 441 620 5,412 68 198 135 448 11,234 494 2,668 90 74 64 1,400 475 100 15,976 86 50 769 127 434 6,986 6,315 361 247 1,018 470 6,325 562,298 234,503 209, 162 25,028 171 162 6,666 20 239 6,249 158 302, 661 96 794 2,667 168 47,543 97,214 10,066 638 143,241 234 72 327 350 441 217 146 89 226 16, 600 284 6,667 4,370 78 109 4,372 1,720 1 See explanatory notes on page 99. Northern South Atlantic. 2,063 264 139 144 236 1,815 51 47 92 147 7,658 13 510 77 53 62 749 204 18 183 10 3,910 14 20 147 40 186 3,589 1 162 248 3,364 13,139 9,053 4,058 28 2,381 8 133 2,169 71 122,146 65 349 1,447 117 7,563 85,729 3,697 221 72,824 134 944 225 63 216 193 63 34 114 7,872 14 2,402 1,765 23 34 2,551 1,083 2 See footnotes to Table 21, pages 164 and 165. GENERAL TABLES. 179 TIONS, CLASSIFIED BY SEX, BY GEOGEAPHIO DIVISIONS AND BY STATES AND TEEEITOEIES AEEANGED ICALLY: 1900— Continued. North Central division. Eastern VNorth Central. Western North Central. South Central division. Eastern South Central. Western South Central. Western division. Eocky Moun- tain. Basin and Plateau. Pacific. Alabama. Alaska. Ari- zona. Arkan- sas. Cali- fornia. Colo- rado. 1,618 107 180 199 127 2,617 950 24 106 97 6,320 5 627 66 266 50 968 140 64 206 66 419 19 68 143 57 108 462 1,277 90 132 137 • 66 1,440 90 15 56 47 2,670 3 487 63 210 37 559 87 21 127 44 259 13 39 105 49 76 88 341 17 48 62 61 1,077 860 9 60 50 3,650 2 140 3 66 13 409 63 33 79 22 160 6 29 38 8 32 374 6,336 372 393 313 337 4,606 71 129 138 319 16,354 1,808 1,820 15 103 51 1,143 400 30 275 228 16,622 213 90 349 157 239 2,407 371 336 103 403 827 3,759 621,479 6,143 359 254 179 287 3,116 20 98 88 264 16,043 1,019 1,190 5 79 31 793 283 26 136 47 7,276 167 83 246 145 172 1,979 335 188 52 311 498 2,645 402,791 193 13 139 134 80 1,390 51 31 50 • 55 1,311 789 630 10 24 20 350 117 4 139 181 9,346 46 7 103 12 67 428 36 148 51 92 329 1,114 218,688 193 10 10 25 6 158 5 3 60 179 3 7 11 3 115 1 13 7 3 12 3 40 5 2 6 4,448 60 80 63 29 830 7 49 19 73 9,735 232 389 1 45 2 41 27 18 166 8 6 2 10 1 32 5 2 6 165 3 5 6 2 97 i' 34 84 86 2 1 87 88 3 2 89 90 1 41 is' 11 4 145 158 103 <>| 3 2 92 93 779 402 27 350 7 24 64 109 94 95 41 11 30 23 8 96 12 4 51 13 3 2 23 7 9 2 27 5 6 10 204 82 6 43 16 1,691 60 30 95 5 68 94 235 74 19 49 92 685 150,294 3 4 35 29 5 2 20 3 3 2 17 6 98 9') 1 1 10ft 1 101 109 17 6 11 26 4 4,158 9 3 21 1 6 1 7 6 101 22 3 1 22 1 1 6 7 3 12 3 3 7 1 9' 1 1 5 2 i' 6 i' 105 1 6 107 3 13 1 1 5 3 108 110 1 111 - 112 87 10 516 104 1,484 57,266 56 3 420 76 898 28,925 31 7 96 28 586 28,341 12 1 22 2 57 3,749 4 1 1 3 5 1 23 6 16 215 233 46,546 6 1 113 114 4 17 2 30 1,724 15 1 24 1,349 14' 1,344 115 19 1,770 8 255 4 3 167 117 118 928 241 651 356 572 346,384 227, 819 118,565 35 10 2 23 98, 706 2 30,365 17 5 119 76 265 165 386 300,214 45,890 64 216 6,292 198, 227 29,397 64 131 3,902 101,987 16,493 6 25 6 15 86, 563 12,077 32 34 977 28,493 4,852 4 12 5' 1*^0 10 19^ Tm 36 1,661 15 891 21 770 85 2,390 4 69 2 3 2 34 2 1 20 466 1 22 23 32 124 90 276 1,112 183' 51,161 70 168 513 140 25,337 20 108 599 43 25,824 19 367 5,752 154 268,226 8 212 3,583 99 164,679 11 155 2,169 55 93,547 12 34 15 8 3,329 4 16 10 2 1,635 8 17 3 6 1,473 1 54 905 17 48,933 1 33 418 14 15,188 3 12 2 6 1,161 3 10 8 2 1,251 195 1 2 l^ 1 127 1''8 221 4 149 129 471 675 1,615 188 1,589 17,234 694 144 28,389 162 631 361 386 923 113 713 7,500 369 78 14,809 95 367 120 289 692 75 876 9,734 325 66 13,580 67 164 124 1,653 3,064 104 31,684 90,845 6,864 400 123,376 212 1,148 59 866 1,701 82 19,578 57,086 4,802 232 80, 142 131 777 65 787 1,363 22 12,006 33,75? 'l68 43,234 81 371 72 126 170 13 145 784 131 22 1,847 19 36 23 76 83 4 79 398 41 13 914 7 13 1 13 9 48 37 78 9 59 312 83 9 826 12 22 12 277 400 13 8,962 16,969 1,622 .89 20, 675 14 225 9 194 330 2 2,092 5,123 328 51 7,015 44 82 27 22 54 9 83 284 72 6 625 9 19 16 36 54 4 66 294 32 9 734 6 10 130 2 7 9 131 132 13t 7 77 7 i' 1 7 58 4 64" 134 135 136 137 107 138 139 1 140 65 241 8 60 5 62 7 93 2,985 39 185 2 34 1 45 1 60 1,974 26 66 6 16 4 17 6 33 1,011 72 136 144 285 10 110 108 284 9,429 47 96 86 202 4 69 77 196 5,614 25 39 58 83 6 41 31 88 3,815 7 14 3 6 1- 3 8 19 22 40 68 1 21 29 35 1,453 5 9 6 29 1 12 5 15 445 3 8 2 8 141 149 113 1 2 8 1 2 7 1 2 4 i' 144 145 1 146 147 4 280 3 80 1 172 1 130 2 55 148 28 15 149 3 1,449 962 43 16 144 368 2 1,065 637 37 13 7 213 1 384 325 6 3 137 155 40 2,612 6,357 123 578 652 39 1,507 3,021 21 65 538 423 1 1,105 2,336 102 2 40 229 20 415 903 9 150 158 62 8 1 1 50 45 20 17 9 96 33 8 1 1 33 7 7 188 211 73 26 8 1 1 22 29 16 io' 151 152 153 154 IS,"! 15 2 106 1 46 156 180 NEGROES IN THE UNITED STATES. Table 26.— NEGRO PEESONS 10 YEARS OF AGE AND OVER ENGAGED IN SELECTED GROUPS OF OCCUPA- ALPHABET- OCCUPATION. Connect icut. Dela- ware. District of Co- lumbia. Florida. Georgia. Hawaii. Idaho. Illinois. Indian Territory. Indiana. ] MALES 4,923 9,764 25,115 74,528 302,616 100 135 31, 767 11,293 19,566 Agricultural puraults 2 792 3,952 394 33,496 201,402 20 21 3,859 7,626 2,612 Agricultural laborers ^ 8 676 3,129 282 12 38 43 1 12 13,032 14 12,021 123 284 27 6,346 1,573 76 1,127 HI, 173 57 77,606 148 668 93 9,466 2,176 15 3,037 14 9 2,227 1 1,467 41 14 75 3,489 1,587 12 960 13 21 9 4 Dairymen >. b Farmers, planters, and overseers 91 17 788 13 4 1 4 1 9 4,071 6 Gardeners, florists, nurserymen, etc •. V Lumbermen and raftsmen 8 Stock raisers, herders, and drovers 2 51 9 Turpentine fanners and laborers 10 Wood choppers 8 17 6 1 32 2 966 14 17 3 497 11 All others in this class 1 23 12 Professionalservice 79 150 525 4 192 Actors, professional showmen, etc IR 13 33 4 3 10 2 6 1 7 2,378 6 94 . w 135 17 38 93 19 69 106 34 15,632 15 743 2 13 47 27 56 204 20 22,209 26 1,834 15 33 73 54 106 834 63 66,162 17 1 193 236 8 54 238 23 66 82 67 17,487 2 114 1 6 2 9 13 41 6 1,997 55 207 3 19 63 4 44 97 16 lj),899 14 Clergymen 1{> Dentists 16 Lawyers :i7 16 1 7 24 2 4,027 5 1 2 18 Officials (government) 19 Physicians and surgeons •JO Teachers and professors in colleges, etc All others in this class Ui 1 93 22 37 Barbers and hairdressers 23 .77 3 21 7 186 1,181 6 3 19 826 1 21 12 15 1,026 40 611 60 46 12 387 9,630 59 25 89 4,399 75 30 157 52 5,999 352 141 23 31 65 19,294 68 20 134 1,897 10 23 112 39 6,293 1,116 208 190 42 424 46,994 176 104 200 7,218 83 64 224 119 19,004 2 15 882 140 170 32 913 8,921 74 13 175 5,877 22 30 145 93 5,119 84 2 10 12 15 1,475 12 729 52 53 13 374 7,030 24 11 64 2,386 34 5 76 58 2,941 24 2ft Bootblacks 11 2 26 Hotel and boarding house keepers 27 Janitors and sextons 41 3,436 3 3 16 448 7 8 9 5 770 2 26 M Laborers (not specified) i 28 29 Launderers 30 Nurses 31 Restaurant and saloon keepers 3? 16 20 356 3'^ Servants and waiters 5 1 Soldiers, sailors, and marines (U. S.) Stewardsi ; 36 Watchmen, policemen, firemen, etc 1 6' 6 401 36 All others in this class 37 Trade and transportation 12 7 Agents 38 9 4 2 25 28 307 1 169 18 54 3 65 422 2,646 9 334 265 8 396 503 76 7 890 58 196 9 3 33 32 2,565 39 19 4 486 173 2,228 12 128 30 22 364 140 20 11 318 127 2,118 9 46 7 33 11,403 71 187 24 272 420 6,357 28 572 298 26 721 465 61 107 2,673 189 6,366 86 68 29 66 23,021 163 65 14 44 362 1,306 13 627 26 10 215 102 47 32 1,685 79 616 8 5 11 53 4,326 19 6 17 4 275 67 983 7 521 38 7 100 21 8 22 407 43 362 17 3 2 37 2,617 9 39 40 Bankers, brokers, oflleials of banks, etc 1 6 •'••- 41 Bookkeepers, clerks, stenographers, etc' Draymen, hackmen, teamsters, etc 53 553 2 167 17 2 21 24 2 6 87 36 29 i' 2' 1 10 6 76 8 19 6 2 41 3 42 6 43 Foremen and overseers 44 Hostlers 46 46 Livery stable keepers 47 56 23 2 2 27 2 89 6 1 1 48 Newspaper carriers and newsboys 51 Porters and helpers (in stores, etc.) S 4 39 9 170 h2 Salesmen 53 64 55 Steam railroad employees Street railway employees Telegraph and telephone linemen 56 67 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 Undertakers All others in this class Manufacturing and mechanical pur-, suits. 1 Bakers 2 4 648 7 3 7 865 6 8 10 i i' 1,078 1 Blacksmiths Bleachery and dye works operatives Boot and shoe makers and repairers Boxmakers (wood) Brick and tile makers, etc 32 8 16 i?" 2 5 1 10 ie' ise' 109 31 171 2 160 4 62 4 14 236 1 196 6 99 76' 63 1,176 77 664 20 639 37 363 60 54 3,386 65 42 89 480 282 65 836 108 420 174 50 3 66 and 165. 1 122 5 52 2 80 3 119 3 7 170 3S' 3 9 1 78 2 17 67 68 Butchers 1 120 6 6 1,150 24 3" 1 8 21 8 4 107 69 Cabinetmakers 2 34 8 1 70 Carpenters and joiners 41 71 72 Charcoal, coke, and lime burners Chemical works employees 3 26 4 V3 74 75 Coopers Cotton mill operatives 6 1 4 2 29 2 7 242 2 41 394 4 656 3 6 11 31 i' i 4 7 V6 77 78 Engineers and firemen (not locomotive) 36" 32' 15 24 2 2 227' 2" ::.:::;;;: 2' 374 17' i' ■ 140 79 11 4 11 4 11 17 4 8 112 7 4 24 2 4 49 80 81 82 Gas works employees Gla.ssworkers 83 Harness and saddle makers and repairers 2 IS 2 se footnot i' 5S to Table 2 6' 1, pages 164 ..... GENERAL TABLES. 181 TIONS, CLASSIFIED BY SEX, BY GEOGRAPHIC DIVISIONS AND BY STATES AND TERRITORIES ARRANGED IGALLY: 1900— Continued. Iowa. Kansas. Kentucky. Louisiana. Maine. Maryland. Massa- chusetts. Michigan. Minnesota. Mississippi. Missouri. Montana. 4,801 15,892 87,766 194,386 455 70,728 10,864 5,510 2,224 275,925 52,294 700 1 484 3,624 37,029 131, 349 50 26, 361 667 1,295 78 226,350 13,615 60 2 266 1 194 15 1,738 5 1,756 82 1 38 25,512 14 11,261 113 31 17 75,277 21 53,133 188 1,572 42 18 1,026 72 1,380 25 20,883 35 . 5,178 135 31 7 575 600 41 101,925 22 121, 974 226 457 37 1,247 . 461 1 . 1,888 8,604 5 . 4,852 58 18 . 27 22 3 4 21 70 16 1 1 639 9 30 2 . 33 1 3 21 2 5 6 4 7 13 3 8 9 5 3 1 450 79 2 1,694 84 8 884 4 14 . 1 . 138 51 2 10 11 122 3 278 92 1,167 35 12 20 48 1 ■4 27 2 12 1 7 2,183 28 240 281 710 7 26 129 8 86 426 I 22 29,414 15 764 11 15 109 33 63 329 41 40,427 47 362 5 22 118 17 58 228 27 27,021 53 68 15 20 64 3 19 10 46 6,039 31 39 2 10 28 4 10 4 10 2,808 16 13 2 6 37 1 4 5 8 1,511 12 994 ■ 5 24 82 39 46 661 26 27,699 113 470 6 . 22 166 22 . 70 . 271 27 24,335 12 5 13 2 14 16 22 84 22 31 63 10 7,202 1 14 16 1/ 18 19 1 1 2 476 20 21 242 22 224 4 36 6 1,119 10 1 22 1 ] 17 42 582 272 15 38 20 194 5,417 49 6 46 1,026 19 7 56 37 1,661 812 97 127 25 448 21,600 70 38 120 5,720 176 13 53 115 9,654 516 124 76 38 144 35, 170 77 24 86 3,904 12 41 174 42 9,899 27 551 76 106 22 308 19,325 64 20 142 6,061 89 82 43 132 8,682 306 17 96 14 692 2,078 18 6 88 2,625 22 74 54 50 2,326 351 9 23 8 75 1,467 6 4 23 793 1 13 16 24 618 196 12 30 2 72 239 3 1 11 907 7 11 12 8 429 486 25 85 72 72 22,980 60 38 72 3,603 11 9 142 54 10,301 910 84 230 48 831 16,846 105 16 123 6,796 34 35 83 194 7,260 47 6 2 4 31 138 li 1 4 124 104 2 4 9 74 23 24 4 25 26 7 96 1 27 28 29 30 6 88 2 7 3 2 92 31 32 33 34 36 36 37 9 2 1 20 166 2 38 8 2 17 6 1 1 126 11 158 24 4 2 69 589 6 149 14 7 81 7 5 23 242 35 382 8 36 10 151 107 3,334 16 1,064 160 34 266 106 22 256 1,404 80 2,384 66 57 29 72 9,975 108 12 629 267 2,988 48 762 111 19 299 197 15 81 1,014 143 3,086 9 21 29 61 11,331 48 6 842 185 3,701 25 724 265 14 464 307 14 67 1,266 67 699 23 43 5 140 191 609 5 237 34 3 120 104 6 49 678 71 ■85 6 2 3 34 1,555 9 1 16 50 237 1 55 11 6 24 24 1 4 140 11 16 5 4 136 7 374 248 2,329 22 612 32 20 426 148 2 37 1,047 123 4,681 8 16 7 28 9,687 76 41 3 181 237 2,792 9 730 52 19 243 103 69 76 1,813 51 769 25 1 38 2 16 4 25 2 39 63 40 41 13 42 43 18 3 1 6 13 3 2 7 16 5 44 • 45 1 2 1 46 47 48 49 3 237 9 32 5 44' 1 5 Wl 9 52 7 53 64 5E ii' 1,480 14' 2,955 i' 68 Mt7 , 38 7,780 8' 656 4' 114 47 6,917 18 1 66 6" 6f 5 10 19' 1 10 6 ioe' 28 6 539 2 116 160 20 670 9 304 2 339 1 195 13 45 1,711 6 1 14 548 22 8 504 5 334 9 5 2 11 5 2 24 16 158 11 102 7 569 3 88 17 7 290 23 2 31 16 4 5 303 43 2,948 6 6 3 4 22 13 187 9 2 2 23 3 3 107 7 1 7 10 22 1 19 3' 27 663 10 152 2 460 1 183 9 10 1,497 154 36 14 52 14 9 479 7 166 9 4 3 ••,183 ^ • 9 55 2' 6( 6 6 12 1 2 5 7 1 4 68 1 2 6 4 1 2 fi 34 6 7' 1 9 2 2 25 89 1 70 1 342 7 98 4 - 11 701 38 1 12 178 1 69 431 10 22 19 8 2 11 1 5 116 12 5 219 50 1 8 13 6 6 1 2 1 4 b 6 2 7 102 1 7 7 7 4 4 6 6 1 2 2 411 . ' - 46' 98 1 7 7 6 2 4 4 108 1 30 7 ■3 2 2 39 17 2 1 18 35 7 8 1 3 2 1 '. 4 '. t i i 182 NEGROES IN THE UNITED STATES. Table 26.— NEGRO PERSONS 10 YEARS OF AGE AND OVER ENGAGED IN SELECTED GROUPS OF OOCUPA- ALPHABET- OCCUPATION. Connect- icut. Dela- ware. District of Co- lumbia. Florida. Georgia. Hawaii. Idaho. Illinois. Indian Territory. Indiana. 84 MALES— Continued. Manufacturing and mechanical pur- suits—Continued. Iron and steel workers (not otherwise speci- fied).! Leather curriers and tanners 55 190 70 1 7 4 52 17 26 27 2 39 48 6 287 4 7 2 7 961 294 149 164 133 228 1,280 6 69 21 126 683 265 865 9 12 6 309 139 78 68 20 4,631 33 21 284 23 116 7 2,281 116 54 183 145 876 163, 234 196 11 44 39 29 301 81 5 20 25 1,368 326 25 20 35 8 357 1 2 3 11 399 85 86 Machinists 20 6 4 76 32 31 17 320 1 3 2 1 13 K7 Manufacturers and officials, etc 88 Marble and stone cutters 89 Masons (brick and stone) .' 1 90 Meat, fish, and fruit packers, etc 91 Mechanics (not otherwise specified) 6 6 10 18 1 92 Metal workers (not otherwise specified) Millers 67 1 4 1 6 38 HH 94 Miners and quarrymen 4 917 6 4 9.'> Oil well and oil works employees 96 Painters, glaziers, and vamishers 42 14 6 13 3 149 1 23 31 134 86 6 83 4 42 218 2 182 3 80 15 117 24 •5? 9 59 4 20 51 10 11 47 59 5 45 6 104 33 3 18 14 136 1 4 19 11 11 14 97 Paper and pulp mill operatives 98 Paper hangers 1 1 1 1 99 Photographers 1 2 13 100 Plasterers 1 2 1 2 1 26 48 37 1 101 Plumbers and gas and steam fitters 1U2 Potters 1U3 Printers, lithographers, and pressmen Roofers and slaters 9 29 1 1,998 29 2 93 1 2 104 10b Saw and planing mill employees 3 4 106 Steam boiler makers 107 Stove, furnace, and grate makers 1 3 5 4 1 42 4 28 8 108 Tailors 18 6 5 3 2 109 fled). Tin plate and tinware makers 110 20 961 2,834 26 10 10 11 '577 26,844 1 111 Tobacco and cigar factory operatives Turpentine distillers ll'i lis Upholsterers 2 5 3 6 16 88 3,864 42 9 141 9 136 23,448 26 1 87 16 231 9,726 1 9 114 Wheelwrights llh Whitewashers 13 9 82 3,047 9 67 20 259 6,838 116 Woodworkers (not otherwise specified) All others in this class IIV 2 7 9 2,283 118 FEMALES 30 Agricultural pursuits 119 72 6 9,749 76,668 117 837 63 Agricultural laborers i 120 4 4 47 25 2 7,989 1,670 63 27 403 70, 392 6,025 96 56 1,842 41 70 473 364 12 48 121 Fanners, planters, and overseers 122 123 124 Turpentine farmers and laborers Professional service 28 67 619 6 6 320 42 3 205 Actresses, professional show-women, etc 126 126 127 3 47 448 21 21,018 6 21 365 11 15,396 6 37 1,772 27 81, 676 6 52 62 139 67 8,361 7 27 155 16 6,184 Teachers and professors in colleges, etc All others in this class 16 3 2,844 62 3 36 3 1,359 128 129 3,641 1 28 Barbers and hairdressers 180 7 13 112 6 65 640 66 1 1,932 12 28 2 27 126 4 176 476 22 1 2,807 35 62 160 33 106 6,903 594 64 18, 030 32 214 5 134 169 5 2,032 7,001 494 75 5,478 13 94 9 174 429 29 17,474 29, 910 8,029 191 30,391 40 468 122 153 336 37 234 2,424 149 27 4,831 39 184 1 32 70 69 63 211 16 154 1,939 70 16 3,624 23 47 131 Hotel and boarding house keepers 5 2 132 Housekeepers an d stewardesses i 133 134 135 Laundresses 8 144 422 16 3 671 1 6 136 "i" Restaurant and saloon keepers 1 12 138 Servants and waitresses All others in this class 139 140 Trade and transportation 17 1 142 143 Bookkeepers, clerks, stenographers, etc.^ Hucksters and peddlers 4 13 4' 5 100 4 69 is' 4 24 10 36 214 92 2 30 20 64 2,680 1 12 104 1 14 1 23 1 28 753 2" 1 2 7 13 145 146 147 148 149 150 Packers and shippers 4 1 1 1 4 138 4 6 6' 33 1 12 6 16 1,202 1 6' All others in this class Manufacturing and mechanical pur- suits.i Cotton mill operatives i' 67 1 21 1,691 1 39 ie' 339 161 152 Dressmakers Seamstresses 72 16 3 5 1 37 36 10 1 1,235 876 6 522 369 6 1,066 1,178 26 13 1 272 477' 210 7 3 3 53 ' ii' 22 2 104 196 6 2 1 29 154 Textile mill operatives (not otherwise speci- fied). Tobacco and cigar factory operatives 155 156 204 100 1 6' 18 ee footnot 5S to Table 2 1, pages 164 and 165. GENERAL TABLES. 183 TIONS, CLASSIFIED BY SEX, BY GEOGRAPHIC DIVISIONS AND BY STATES AND TERRITORIES ARRANGED ICALLY: 1900— Continued. Iowa. Kansas. Kentucky. Louisiana. Maine. Maryland. Massa- chusetts. Michigan. Minnesota. Mississippi. Missouri. Montana. 7 74 378 225 35 35 61 696 5 11 26 76 2,206 1 234 41 3 33 63 15 877 22 9 26 81 25 218 354 1 15 7 271 27 1 60 167 2,745 7 2 47 4 52 416 36 104 80 69 94 521 100,888 1 648 20 U 32 115 474 27 6 19 16 231 68 58 43 17 14 142 1 4 19 1 8 21 4 10 7 1 106 2 2 1 2 120 5 66 3 52 31 8 392 2 24 15 15 10 506 227 2 6 2 49 27 2 27 3 3,445 8 1 26 4 21 251 17 23 41 39 759 196 3 86 29 1,422 2 66 2 89 7 212 30 38 37 15 135 3 14 27 6 9 368 2 84 2 3 2 48 81 15 12 15 231 543 5 9 19 1,158 8 2 6 5 2 8 1 8 1 8 86 87 6 1 89 1 91 1 1 1,065 1 5 ■ 93 1 2 12 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 108 104 105 11 44 3 4 86 31 8 10 76 16 8 87 83 8 11 6 9 26 1 36 6 12 3 2 72 35 8 8 36 4 5 3 33 4 7 2 6 1 52 1 5 1 105 19 53 9 285 37 10 21 18 493 5 8 39 124 46 1,552 8 4 3 1 3 1 6 3 24 1 13 3 9 6 1 9 3 9 3 20 1 1 9 1 4 1 4 1 1 2 1 300 ■1 8 38 7 116 14 1 66 9 338 83 258 35,658 106 107 108 1 4 5 1 2 2 10 1 2 2 110 100 40 18 422 150,041 112 113 114 9 3 6. 1 66 4,430 21 3 124 67 420 36,712 . 25 1 41 20 179 6,747 2 1 20 4 56 26 483 21,272 2 18 1 16 1,083 18 9 35 1,678 13 1 115 116 1 2 171 10 568 117 212 118 12 97 1,193 58,620 4 832 6 33 2 111,590 443 3 119 4 8 16 72 588 598 53,240 5,332 560 263 1 5 3 29 97, 152 14,340 82 66 1,192 138 294 120 4 2 3 121 1OT 9 146 7 822 48 634 9 429 1 48 11 552 I""! 23 8 98 28 4 124 1 11 9 2 974 1 24 111 10 3,933 4 67 735 26 33,409 2 48 571 13 38,972 1 3 2 2 148 4 39 373 13 33, 104 18 39 23 18 5,012 2 22 19 5 1,432 8 7 5 8 448 1 42 1,129 20 35,875 9 55 470 18 19,584 1 2 1 125 126 127 128 185 129 15 15 54 6 43 321 16 1 499 4 14 20 30 175 5 239 1,521 47 12 1,867 17 34 20 109 425 50 919 11,422 633 54 19,737 40 123 36 223 429 10 5,850 12,877 1,036 50 IP. ' ;> 101 7 57 393 61 1,292 9,145 779 43 21,310 27 147 26 73 186 45 93 1,182 87 8 8,270 42 99 38 16 52 6 67 281 26 7 938 6 19 19 22 20 4 6 56 15 6 295 5 23 6 220 380 6 7,131 10,556 1,016 46 16,473 42 196 57 214 413 57 551 7,589 229 45 10, 389 40 79 6 27 7 130 1S1 18 132 133 7 22 8 1 101 1 1 6 46 2 3 87 1 2 184 135 136 137 138 139 140 3 7 8 13 1 4 9 21 10 35 10 13 44 24 4 15 11 43 2,498 13 16 10 58 8 12 3 27 1,146 10 40 3 9 2 15 1 2 9 21 16 79 11 18 4 6 4 9 6 21 614 141 1 142 143 1 13 6 14 1 15 532 3 144 145 2 5 8 4 86 1,165 2 23 22 26 1,188 146 147 1 60 3 220 1 10 2 146 3 67 1 18 148 149 1 104 59 1 1 267 454 4 9 344 86 12 259 91 23 12 1 184 3 830 782 2 5 1,50 27 9 564 1,677 99 2 40 116 1 2 588 402 8 1 2 145 97 29 52 8 178 234 4 1 136 61 14 1 151 152 158 ■ 2 . 1 . 21 2 1 17 1,54 1.55 55 7 7 66 3 156 184 NEGROES IN THE UNITED STATES. Table 26.— NEGRO PERSONS 10 YEARS OF AGE AND OVER ENGAGED IN SELECTED GROUPS OF OCOUPA- ALPHABET- OCCUPATION. Nebraska. Nevada. New Hamp- shire. New Jersey. New Mexico. New York. North Carolina. North Dakota. Ohio. Okla- homa. 1 MALES 2,508 68 242 23,036 833 34,011 179,139 127 33,180 5,660 Agricultural pursuits 2 142 14 43 4,643 46 2,600 119,195 36 4,950 3,488 3 65 7 29 4,001 4 472 132 2 3 12 1 12 2,075 2 320 93 5 2 67,330 15 49,640 71 1,336 62 173 675 3 1,726 19 2,892 7 1,945 71 10 2 1,291 4 Dairymen fi 70 3 4 11 2 11 2,165 8 fi Gardeners, florists, nurserymen, etc 7 Lumbermen and raftsmen 8 Stock raisers, herders, and drovers 4 3 20 6 22 « Turpentine farmers and laborers 1(1 Wood choppers 1 26 3 436 1 2 1 1,012 22 1 810 2 11 All others in this class 12 Professional service 65 1 4 16 1 139 Actors, professional showmen, etc 13 10 15 1 2 26 1 3 2 5 1,631 36 216 7 9 67 4 26 44 27 12,062 4 2 306 196 27 32 283 10 36 36 88 18,411 16 1,005 1 26 28 50 70 507 24 33,045 77 298 8 32 168 18 59 101 49 17,303 8 81 14 Clergymen lb Dentists Ifi 2 7 1 8 5 6 5 27 17 Musicians and teachers of music 1 18 Officials (government) 19 Physicians and surgeons 2 •M Teachers and professors iu colleges, etc All others in this class •21 1 32 1 120 1 462 22 Domestic and personal service 66 1,329 2S 112 24 55 3 88 699 17 7 4 1 7 1 6 54 312 37 60 22 263 6,338 30 4 119 4,642 12 76 70 87 3,839 22 6 1 4 12 94 1 663 106 133 91 969 7,291 87 34 191 8,416 62 174 146 148 7,669 707 79 49 37 143 27,763 60 47 136 3,868 18 19 80 49 9,260 8 1,359 129 89 21 627 11,025 33 8 170 3,529 83 27 132 71 4,751 47 6 4 4 27 909 15 1 10 286 6 1 3 13 406 24 2ft Bootblacks 1 5 26 Hotel and boarding house keepers 27 Janitors and sextons. 2 29 28 Laborers (not specified) " 11 29 Launderers 8U Nurses 1 1 10 31 Restaurant and saloon keepers 14 670 8 6 20 16 381 2 43 2 102 216 32 Servants and waiters 22 33 Soldiers, sailors, and marines (U. S.) Stewards s 34 1 1 36 Watchmen, policemen, firemen, etc.; 36 All others in this class 1 5 3 71 37 Trade and transportation 40 13 38 39 Bankers, brokers, officials of banks, etc 6 2 26 6 59 104 2,103 6 685 76 21 169 94 5 16 363 47 133 1 3 4 20 2,065 1 72 12 225 588 2,305 20 996 104 21 228 386 20 30 2,311 129 112 13 2 16 80 4,419 40 11 257 217 3,433 16 343 66 42 523 292 2 123 384 120 3,268 24 36 23 31 16,924 46 6 166 252 1,742 8 680 82 14 235 134 19 29 963 68 202 40 5 12 68 6,36$ 6 1 4U Boatmen and sailors^ 1 20 62 1 21 2 3 10 8 3 6 216 6 10 4 1 2 12 7 1 19 41 Bookkeepers, clerks, stenographers, etc. = Draymen, hackmen, teamsters, etc 8' 46 42 1 2 43 44 46 Foremen and overseers Hucksters and peddlers 16 3 1 2 30 12 1 30 1 1 1 82 11 171 2 46 1 2 ^ Merchants and dealers 3 48 Messengers and errand and office boys 49 W) Packers and shippers 1 3 1 4 i' 51 4 30 6' 2 62 Salesmen 63 64 65 Steam railroad employees Street railway employees Telegraph and telephone linfemen 6 bb 67 58 Undertakers ,. All others in this class Manufacturing and mechanical pur- suits. 2 Bakers 3" 289 6 35 238 i" 12 2" 199 69 an 4 9 4 25 3 29 422' 36 6 59 7 35 1 1,827 6 41 4 11 136 2' 16 17 2 1 269 49 44 671 24 830 18 825 6 166 8 13 1,600 23' 8 196 109 62 903 52 567 26 24 2 231 7 101 4 135 4 44 5 2 61 62 Blacksmittis Bleachery and dye works operatives 2 3 2 23' 63 Boot and shoe makers and repairers Boxmakers (wood) Brick and tile makers, etc 2 7" 3 7 4 i7' io' 64 66 66 67 68 69 Butchers Cabinetmakers 21 1 11 16 1 2 110 8 12 11 7 3 is" 1 1 35 71 19 Carpenters and joiners Charcoal, coke, and lime burners Chemical works employees Con f ectioners .... i 1 4 2" 242' 6 1 13 49 14 2 • 369 14 6 11 26 42 3 T^ Coopers 8 74 76 76 3' V7 78 Engineers and firemen (not locomotive) 26 2 92 6 6' 79 80 81 Fishermen and oystermen s Furniture manufactory employees Gas works employees 6 1 80 8 11 61 2 !Seef 80 10 9 5 10 82 83 Glassworkers Harness and saddle makers and repairers 1 See explanatory i^otc s on page 99 iotnotes to 1 25" 2 GENERAL TABLES. 185 nONS, CLASSIFIED BY SEX, BY GEOGRAPHIC DIVISIONS AND BY STATES AND TERRITORIES ARRANGED ICALLY: 1900— Continued. Oregon. Pennsyl- vania. Rhode Island. South Carolina. South Dakota. Tennes- see. Texas. Utah. Venuont. Virginia. Washing- ton. West Virginia. Wisconsin. Wyo- ming. Military and naval. ' 568 55,805 2,978 224,561 197 146,013 175, 382 376 305 187,726 1,289 17, 424 1,019 522 6,347 1 46 3,656 339 173,278 42 74,007 117,181 21 85 91,343 98 2,065 123 74 2 2 20 3,019 3 497 89 21 11 292 95, 352 24 75, 752 101 267 68 1,099 614 1 1,627 15 40,800 73 32,503 108 208 42 65,514 11 60,487 64 116 290 10 72 52,848 25 37,470 174 220 68 45 1,356 62 16 s t 16 ?? 19 3 10 12 43 694 9 4 68 5 2 6 6 4 4 1 7 1 2 7 5 1 49 8 9 i 16 i 277 1 1,897 696 3 2,693 632 6 1,788 2 2 4 10 1 60 11 33 936 52 6 12 1~ 46 257 2 74 12 9 6 80 411 20 24 181- 12 60 69 79 33,030 4 16 3 1 10 2 6 3 7 1,461 11 1,042 4 29 43 31 43 405 19 27, 611 68 941 11 73 87 19 116 652 30 37,936 54 1,153 6 28 162 23 136 1,100 32 37, 716 33 905 4 53 75 80 66 527 46 49,830 5 9 15 93 1 14 19 7 6 2 1 26 1 4 1 2 666 11 2 2 1 2 14 15 1 13 3 19 2 2 1 6 676 16 3 7 1 1 1 17 72 18 1 16 97 2 6,271 19 90 3 360 1 104 2 307 ?1 149 262 6,111 22 13 14 2 20 65 2 1,586 70 240 45 962 21,013 41 30 329 8,168 62 202 227 65 9,033 61 2 22 1 158 719 4 2 24 407 20 11 14 • 16 764 537 9 38 16 121 22, 369 96 35 103 3,920 49 45 215 58 8,238 19 993 123 240 65 850 29, 297 115 57 150 6,251 56 15 150 84 16,281 1,058 150 179 46 324 27,358 148 27 226 7,108 874 13 97 108 10,886 4 1 10 2 12 29 1 14 1,094 262 100 53 464 39,562 170 106 254 7,388 101 66 128 82 16, 930 67 6 24 2 29 134 3 255 18 19 17 80 4,747 6 8 67 1,009 3 77 13 19 18 1 2 4 23 ?4 1 11 1 6 71 1 ?5 ?6 5 40 1 9 247 11 147 1 97 16 28 ?9 2 11 267 1 4 5 11 106 30 11 206 8 3 2 6 71 7 31 2 67 185 1 2 39 6 194 198 6 6 3 121 31 67 3 30 6,057 1 32 33 1 2 2 39 34 30 12 2,465 1 1 85 35 3 16 , 3 150 36 26 37 1 87 15 126 341 4,233 44 847 151 22 449 477 33 64 1,473 ■119 429 48 2 32 62 9,150 8 1 45 29 391 • 2 97 8 1 19 20 3 4 96 28 9 66 3 402 193 2,294 22 436 196 29 393 240 18 22 735 133 2,930 15 66 26 29 13,807 98 9 479 218 6,261 45 765 172 15 402 186 13 149 2,637 83 5,542 34 . 77 27 79 15,892 133 9 31 206 3,254 71 790 68 29 280 97 5 86 1,305 92 4,353 16 6 1 60 6,906 1 1 192 22 847 490 5,092 31 922 264 41 992 291 43 233 1,609 172 5,418 86 67 68 60 27,835 11 1 18 26 443 9 165 3 6 42 25 2 3 98 24 1,656 4 3 1 2 38 39 8 3 20. 9 7 21 4( 1 7 2 1 13 29 1 13 1 2 7 2 26 2 137 4: 13 1 10 42 43 6 4 2 4 4 3 1 4 3 4' 4S 4( 1 2 2 1 *. 1 Af 4S 1 20 1 6 1 67 2 7 1 1 29 6 f* 11 8 13 1 43 ,5 .55 1 1 13 6 51 54 1 1 61 M 3 362 17 6,376 2 74 5' 69 19 20 31 348 109 10 5! 38 3 160 34 105 4 154 67 751 18 340 1 567 9 267 19 34 2,695 17 9 7 176 330 19 667 373 471 3 1 68 20 968 16 315 19 632 38 160 20 30 1,308 172 23 43 142 20 8 709 27 110 52 52 2 18 29 11 511 6 95 279' 173 63 1,161 28 623 131 863 29 239 21 27 1,619 520 41 27 569 49 8 797 128 3,907 22 26 3 11 2 2 1 83 2 31 i2" 1 1 5i W 1 9 2 6 i' 3 5 3 3 4 6 6' 3 2 i' 6; 2' 6- 6 i' 14 55 7 9 192 526 4 20 21 1 1 436 4 21 12 20 63 8 ii' 176' 29 9 764 40 20 29 12 22 i' 1 10 i' b 6 6 1 31 . 1 76 1,049 2 4 6 3 1 1 4 i 7 7 7 1 2 4 1 1 2 6 1 7 7 7 2 ie' i' 306' 2 3' is' 92 5' 3 1 7 7 2 17 2 57 15 10 1 1 1 5 6 2 7 8 8 i' 1 1 32' 5' 1 i 3 8 186 NEGROES IN THE UNITED STATES. Table 26.— NEGRO PERSONS 10 YEARS OP AGE AND OVER ENGAGED IN SELECTED GROUPS OF OCOUPA,- ALPHABEt- OCCDPATION. Nebraska. Nevada. New Hamp- shire. New Jersey. New Mexico. New York. North Carolina. North Dakota. Ohio. MALES— Continued. Manufacturing and mechanical pur- suits—Continued. Iron and steel workers (not otherwise speci- fied). 2 Leather curriers and tanners ." . . . Machinists Manufacturers and officials, etc Marble and stone cutters Masons (brick and stone) Meat, fish, and fruit packers, etc Mechanics (not otherwise specified) Metal workers (not otherwise specified) . Millers Miners and quarrymen Oil well and oil works employees. - Painters, glaziers, and varnishers . Paper and pulp mill operatives Paper hangers Photographers Plasterers , Plumbers and gas and steam fitters Potters Printers, lithographers, and pressmen. Roofers and slaters Saw and planing mill employees. Steam boiler makers , Stove, furnace, and grate makers. Tailors Textile mill operatives ( not otherwise speci fied). Tin plate and tinware makers Tobacco and cigar factory operatives Turpentine distillers Upholsterers Wheelwrights Whitewashers Woodworkers (not otherwise specified) . All others in this class FEMALES . Agricultural pursuits . Agricultural laborers 2 Farmers, planters, and overseers . Turpentine farmers and laborers . All others in this class Professional service. Actresses, professional show-women, etc . Musicians and teachers of music Teachers and professors in colleges, etc . . All others in this class Domestic and personal service. Barbers and hairdressers Hotel and boarding house keepers . Housekeepers and stewardesses^ ... Janitors and sextons Laborers {not specified) 2 Laundresses Nurses and midwives Restaurant and saloon keepers . Servants and waitres.ses All others in this class 'Trade and transportation. Agents Bookkeepers, clerks, stenographers, etc. 2 . Hucksters and peddlers Merchants and dealers Packers and shippers Saleswomen Steam railroad employees . AH others in this class Manufacturing and mechanical pur- suits. 2 Cotton mill operatives Dressmakers Seamstresses Tailoresses Textile mill operatives (not otherwise speci- fied). Tobacco and cigar factory operatives All others in this class 166 228 14 494 1 10 2 140 110 2 305 5 1 20 5 57 19 74 6 11 200 '""i' 1 55 17 176 13, 211 1 140 17 12,588 17 105 264 25 310 2,611 129 18 9,085 24 67 1 271 1 129 1 124 100 22 61 52 30 12 27 10 62 4 21a 10 32 24 57 47 5 72 10 21 1 26 84 23 190 52 64 124 549 108 6 111 23 23,059 79 109 44 78 76 464 205 429 46 15,125 71 137 29 1,401 1 978 276 21 11 2 112 ^ See explanatory notes on page 99. 5 169 48 1 6 3,747 7 7 66 48 40 2,411 101 25 48 60 28 881 40,999 36, 716 4,261 22 1,021 14 983 24 42,406 72 475 8 9,298 12, 016 1,444 87 18, 968 29 143 278 480 1,611 145 26 724 49 55 55 26 666 6 6 28 780 3 205 51 80 14 305 25 11 37 17 41 7 14 26 27 50 24 20 2 246 30 372 10,449 137 18 115 195 51 9,179 118 148 315 54 257 2,819 119 25 5,298 26 115 15 "ii 715 374 199 23 6 2 111 »See footnotes to Table 21, pages 164 and 165. GENERAL TABLES. 187 TIONS, CLASSIFIED BY SEX, BY GEOGRAPHIC DIVISIONS AND BY STATES AND TERRITORIES ARRANGED ICALLY: 1900— Continued. Oregon. Pennsyl- vania. Khode Island. South Carolina. South Dakota. Tennes- see. Texas. Utah. Vermont. Virginia. Washing- ton. West Virginia. Wisconsin. Wyo- ming, Military and naval. ^ 4 1,639 19 74 90 78 989 2 6 49 5 1,616 19 137 21 69 28 106 44 13 104 12 39 8 4 43 29 72 157 2 88 3 144 39 1,170 24,624 15 1 12 2 5 41 41 4 64 62 27 1,042 6 31 12 87 1,483 108 698 4 1 2 125 47 3 64 1 1,690 3 1,266 71 87 60 189 1,198 6 14 28 100 3,092 280 340 3 14 10 255 137 8 45 ll' 1,647 94 44 86 12 37 333 107 8 62 41 12 297 27 8 13 19 222 403 164 9 5 7 30 61 3 44 10 2,439 30 2 30 7 9 11 1 1,177 145 86 70 94 873 7 34 63 112 2,661 11 260 15 15 9 608 96 2 60 4 3,517 12 9 67 22 34 3,662 1 1 1 2 2 6 12 29 9 4 6 96 H 1 3 1 2 10 12 84 85 1 2 m 1 87 1 1 m 8 5 1 3 m 90 1 3 4 4,620 2 19 17 9 2 SO 6 1 6 1 26 1 1 7 2 4 6 91 13 1 4 93 12 3 3 33 1 2 11 284 3 77 94 b''ft, 466 472 Favette - 163 332 416 3,079 Hale 3,417 1,839 860 8,214 326 790 820 Lee Limestone 1,249 Madison 61 Marshall Mobile 844 3,299 2,006 1,682 499 Pickens Pike 2,709 395 879 3,639 2,101 St Clair Tallapwosa 1,242 2,017 • 630 770 4,101 1 Walker Winston Alaska 6 30,569 33,023 122,931 24 144 1,848 16 136 1,363 8 9 485 7,134 24, 918 4 88,243 97 16 1,367 9,964 23,462 40, 440 156 28 142 1,660 5 1 211 13 128 1,047 16 126 1,084 6 10 226 189 1 120 8,297 9,251 5,5^4 4,973 14,162 2 275 53 48 68 1 238 32 28 38 1 37 21 20 30 4,281 6,938 329 22 6,283 4 2 264 47 39 67 1 18 4 7 13 1 204 28 21 27 Apache . . -. 31 3 5 7 6 4 6 9 216 26 14 20 13 6 4 Gila Graham 2,021 6,670 276 605 C.'.'.'.'.'.. 1 See explanatory notes on page 99. "Includes 384 persons specially enumerated in 1890. . > Comprises negroes, mulattoes, Hawaiians, Malays, and Portuguese mulattoes from the Cape verae isianas. * Includes 28,623 persons specially enumerated in 1890, but not distributed by counties. 192 NEGROES IN THE UNITED STATES. Table 29.— TOTAL AND NEGRO POPULATION IN 1900, 1890, AND 1880, AND NEGRO POPULATION IN 1900 DISTRIBUTED ACCORDING TO SCHOOL, MILITIA, AND VOTING AGES, AND ILLITERACY,' BY COUNTIES— Continued. Arizona — Continued. Maricopa , Mohave Havajo Pima Pinal Santa Cruz Yarapal Yuma San Carlos reservation ' . Arkansas . Arkansas . Ashley ... Baxter ... Benton . . . Boone Bradley . Calhoun . Carroll . . Chicot... Clark.... Clay Cleburne . . Cleveland . Columbia. . Conway ... Craighead . . Crawford . . . Crittenden . Cross Dallas Desha Drew Faulkner . Franklin . Pulton Garland Grant Greene Hempstead . Hot Spring . Howard Independence . Izard Jackson Jefferson Johnson . . . lafayette. . Lawrence . Lee Lincoln Little River . Logan Lonoke Madison Marion Miller . Monroe. Montgomery . Nevada Kewton .. Ouachita . Perry Phillips. . . Pike Poinsett . Polk Pope Prairie . . Pulaski . . Randolph . St. Francis. Saline Soott Searcy POPULATION. 1900. Total. 20, 457 3,426 8,829 14,689 7,779 4,545 13, 799 4,145 3,065 1,311,564 12,973 19,734 9,298 31, 611 16,396 9,651 8,539 18,848 14,528 21,289 15,886 9,628 11,620 22, 077 19,772 19,505 21,270 14, 529 11,051 11,618 11,511 19. 451 20,780 17, 395 12, 917 18, 773 7,671 16,979 24, 101 12, 748 14,076 22,557 13, 506 18,383 40,972 17,448 10, 694 16,491 19,409 13,389 13,731 20, 663 22,544 19, 864 11, 377 17,658 16,384 16, 816 9,444 16, 609 12,638 20, 892 7,294 26, 561 10, 301 7,025 18, 362 21,715 11.875 63, 179 17, 156 17, 167 13, 122 13, 183 11,988 366,856 Negro. Total. 210 116 177 101 326 270 lis- 77 417 362 10 9 123 72 21 19 4,058 10,699 5 112 142 3,340 3,286 166 12, 660 7,267 11 3,514 9,467 7,622 1,203 2,224 12,290 4,863 4.583 9,406 10,289 4,440 687 79 3,674 846 • 81 11,990 1,485 1,483 286 5,290 29,812 619 6,486 1,061 16, 106 8,481 5,749 779 9,294 44 7,619 8,321 10,996 319 5,833 7 11, 634 810 20, 877 596 1,031 177 1,866 4,191 29, 116 606 11, 005 1,920 102 16 2,072 5,339 2 64 71 1,671 1,666 87 6,453 3,529 5 7 1,876 4,659 3,860 612 1,118 6,415 2,468 2,352 4,949 5,199 2,288 282 39 1,668 441 39 6,896 769 1,516 710 130 2,652 14, 797 3,336 562 7,849 4,328 2,931 396 4,716 19 24 3,841 4,516 6,601 164 2,911 5,698 410 10, 666 '291 686 102 933 2,118 14,445 310 5,636 982 Fe- males. 181,514 1,986 6,260 3 68 71 1,669 1,629 79 6,197 8,738 4 4 1,638 4,808 3,772 591 1,106 6,876 2,405 2,231 4,456 6,090 2,152 305 40 2,016 405 42 6,094 716 1,582 773 156 2.638 15,016 319 3,150 489 7,266 4,123 2,818 383 4,678 26 14 S.778 3.805 6.394 165 2,922 1 5,936 400 10,212 305 446 75 932 2,073 14,671 296 POPULATION: : Total. 10,986 1,444 12, 673 4,251 8,685 2,671 »1, 128, 211 11,432 13,296 8,627 27,716 15, 816 7,972 7,267 17,288 11,419 20, 997 Negro. 3,532 6,868 18 92 91 2,864 2,720 82 10,023 6,785 12,200 7,884 11,362 19,893 19,469 43 49 3.327 7,312 7,671 12,025 21,714 13,940 7,693 9,296 519 2.296 11,890 2,890 3,265 10,324 17, 362 18,342 19,934 10,984 8,198 9.865 3,348 677 86 16,328 7,786 12,908 22,796 11,603 2.774 1,036 161 10.968 • 1, 249 13. 789 21,961 13,038 15,179 40,881 3,064 1,668 262 4.329 29, 908 16,758 7,700 12, 984 18,886 10, 255 631 4,643 833 14,187 6.469 8,903 20.774 19. 263 17, 402 10.390 4.001 1,124 7,981 58 32 14,714 11,636 15,336 7,923 14,832 6.665 5.884 9,203 302 4,304 9.950 17,033 5.538 25.341 8,637 6 8.964 941 19.640 484 4,272 9.283 19,458 11,374 47,329 546 46 1,621 4,363 21,935 14.485 13,643 11,311 12.635 9,664 595 8,000 1,484 31 28 population; 1880. Total. 5,689 1,190 17,006 3,044 6,013 3,215 802, 525 8,038 10,156 6,004 20,328 12,146 6,285 5,671 13,337 10, 117 15, 771 7,213 8,370 14,090 12, 766 7,037 14, 740 9,415 5,060 6,605 8,973 12.231 12, 786 14.951 6,720 9,023 6,185 7,480 19, 015 7,775 9,917 18,086 10,857 10, 877 22, 386 11.565 5.730 8.782 13,288 9,255 6,404 14,885 12. 146 11.455 7,907 9,919 7,332 9,674 5.729 12.969 6,120 11,758 3,872 21, 262 6,845 2, 192 5,867 14, 322 8,436 32. 616 11,724 8.389 8,963 9,174 7,278 Negro. 13 210, 666 3,067 5,130 45 128 2,210 2,088 60 8,496 5,203 22 2,329 5,503 3,206 261 1,392 7,616 1.-789 2,206 6,614 5,759 1.418 493 36 1,662 556 • 75 9,421 745 2,608 1,382 222 2.763 17,011 491 3.614 467 9.150 5,040 4.003 124 43 4,596 2.654 6.209 258 3,722 6 6,253 800 15,809 392 290 61 909 2.734 14, 921 627 3.467 1.366 83 16 NEGRO population: 1900. Both sexes 10 years and over. Total. 177 128 296 109 402 10 110 19 263, 808 I See explanatory notes on page i 3 Indian reservation. 2.794 7,360 3 78 110 2,202 2,224 142 9,383 5,006 9 7 2,388 6,143 5,180 906 1,581 9,460 3,462 3,160 6,908 7,041 3,092 386 64 2,958 588 61 8,087 1,077 2,088 1,009 207 3,922 22. 201 429 4,566 822 11, 309 6,057 4.028 528 6.620 35 5,650 6.374 7.869 204 3.776 7,852 583 15,678 411 801 142 1,272 3,054 22,642 429 7,739 1,379 89 18 Illiter- ates. 113,453 1,130 3,878 3 8 51 1,120 1,079 34 4,661 1,861 6 1,020 3,020 1,918 320 661 4,469 1,587 1,341 3,657 8,042 1,119 95 18 833 227 21 3, 257 362 705 849 93 1,499 9,582 130 2,116 282 4,892 3.538 2,346 221 2,741 19 15 2,444 2.908 3,461 1,8B0 3,484 183 6.978 157 371 67 445 1,279 7,,323 232 3,225 578 35 10 6 to 20 years, inclusive. Males. 72,768 Fe- males. 75, 766 884 2,208 1 19 26 704 718 26 2,327 1,562 2 4 798 2,109 1,706 212 477 2,328 926 997 1,770 2,246 934 127 18 505 206 10 2, 613 307 666 308 64 1,033 5,549 135 1,314 212 2,960 1,720 1,074 168 1,921 3 13 1,447 1,445 2,158 72 1,299 2,397 170 3,798 136 179 17 408 838 5,052 131 2,205 411 14 912 2,238 1 20 26 765 685 23 2,461 1,700 1 734 2,185 1,697 214 484 2,336 1,020 1,006 1,751 2,236 931 147 23 676 192 14 2,694 300 726 346 68 1,130 5,977 140 1,309 175 3,008 1,690 1,155 156 1,990 11 6 1,648 1,435 2,297 68 1,346 2,610 1'85 3,936 146 174 26 426 916 5,578 136 2,264 405 11 2 Males 18 to 44 years, inclu- 73 38 226 47 325 3 42 17 69,055 673 1,964 1 20 31 547 506 55 2,441 1,104 2 678 1,427 1,209 277 373 2.682 963 846 1,984 1,706 765 88 12 786 138 18 1,785 297 487 246 48 1,116 5.621 105 1,248 267 3,082 1,611 1,037 129 1,722 10 1,546 2,169 2,105 42 876 1,961 144 4,348 91 328 53 314 752 6,178 105 2,070 319 37 4 Males 21 years and over. Total. 82 65 213 66 879 2,367 1 29 41 658 '674 52 3,297 1,422 3 3 777 1,734 1,672 327 481 3,346 1,176 979 2,666 2,139 1,026 107 17 171 24 2,283 366 3 Includes 32 persons specially enumerated in 1890, but not distributed by counties. 597 316 59 1,308 7,466 124 1,624 312 3,926 2,041 1,423 172 2,162 11 7 1,875 2,679 2,656 57 1,051 1 2,362 190 6,558 112 346 69 395 979 7,909 139 2,610 434 51 5 GENERAL TABLES. 193 Table 29.— TOTAL AND NEGRO POPULATION IN 1900, 1890, AND 1880, AND NEGRO POPULATION IN 1900 DISTRIBUTED ACCORDING TO SCHOOL, MILITIA, AND VOTING AGES, AND ILLITERACY,' BY COUNTIES— Continued. population: 1900. POPULATION; 1890. population: 1880. NEGBO population: 1900. COUNTY. Total. Negro. Total. Negro. Total. Negro. Both sexes 10 years and over. 5 to 20 years, inclusive. Males 18 to 44 years, inclu- sive. Males 21 years and over. Total. Males. Fe- males. Total. Illiter- ates. Males. Fe- males. Total. Illiter- ates. Arkansas— Continued . 36,936 16,339 12, 199 8,100 22,495 11, 220 34,256 24,864 16,304 22,750 1,485,053 4,407 2,041 212 79 9,720 326 888 2,656 ■ 9,947 1,670 11,046 2,156 1,057 115 41 4,813 167 409 1,328 5,022 834 5,766 2,262 984 97 38 4,907 169 479 1,328 4,925 836 5,279 33,200 10,072 10,418 7,043 14, 977 8,567 32,024 22,946 14,009 18,015 21,213,398 3,740 1,453 177 113 6,372 162 1,010 2,563 7,656 1,362 11,322 19, 560 6,192 9,047 5,089 13,419 9,565 23,844 17,794 8,646 13,852 864, 694 1,641 1,096 176 99 6,434 118 944 2,032 4,483 1,118 6,018 3,415 1,396 145 56 6,304 239 641 1,933 6,973 1,167 9,040 832 419 61 31 3,669 77 226 577 2,987 428 1,211 862 451 61 21 2,093 70 175 674 2,045 344 1,609 936 451 42 16 2,231 73 182 583 2,108 378 1,616 856 403 34 11 1,530 63 136 450 1,758 280 2,658 1,079 448 38 16 1,842 76 176 576 2,226 374 3,711 302 gevier 133 20 12 1,057 26 Wftahinerton 72 White 192 1,068 Yell 146 540 130,197 609 11,116 17, 117 11,200 7,364 18,046 2,408 8,986 37,862 5,150 27,104 4,377 16,480 9,871 6,017 4,511 170,298 6,364 15,702 4,720 20,465 9,215 6,076 2,167 19,380 16,451 17,789 19,696 15,786 4,657 17,897 45,915 6,633 27,929 36,090 342,782 35,462 16,637 12,094- 18,934 60,216 21,612 17,318 4,017 16,962 24,143 38,480 9,650 5,886 10,996 4,383 18,375 11,166 14,367 13,618 8,620 539,700 1,334 3 28 106 69 76 47 1 99 399 18 12 15 208 76 12 1 2,841 51 137 35 38 31 7 1 80 29 70 98 36 3 264 511 57 216 406 1,654 322 77 89 33 261 81 203 7 38 101 32 61 34 147 9 73 63 34 172 170 8,670 676 3 18 67 43 46 30 1 65 207 12 8 11 110 35 8 1 1,390 32 86 15 24 20 3 46 16 41 61 22 2 116 286 27 113 199 872 169 35 49 20 128 • 49 116 2 25. 69 13 37 22 74 6 37 28 19 104 84 4,473 668 io' 49 26 31 17 34" 192 6 4 4 98 41 i "i,'46i' 19 51 20 14 11 4 1 34 13 29 47 13 1 138 225 30 103 207 782 163' 42 40 13 123 32 88 6 13 32 19 24 12 73 3 36 26 15 68 86 4,097 93,864 667 10; 320 17,939 8,882 14,640 13,515 2,692 9,232 32,026 785 3 26 223 77 139 54 6 183 457 62,976 539 11,384 18,721 9,094 13,118 12,526 2,584 10,683 9,478 686 1 73 136 56 97 33 8 132 40 1,142 3 28 92 55 56 34 1 81 288 17 10 13 170 66 8 1 2,252 38 106 34 33 26 6 1 68 27 67 67 29 3 192 423 40 161 326 1,440 277 69 69 33 215 56 176 31 83 31 52 25 117 9 63 45 26 135 139 7,380 71 184 174 336 1 6 28 16 15 11 447 3 10 37 26 21 17 1 48 112 11 6 6 73 27 6 1 842 13 61 12 17 16 2 22 5 14 17 9 9 8 17 13 17 10 1 14 12 13 5 4 Butte . 7 7 5 Contra Costa 7 Eldorado 19 58 2 1 2 18 10 12 69 1 6' 32 7 1 16 62 3 1 1 31 11 2 30 86 10 5 3 66 21 4 9 Fresno 24 2 23,469 3,544 9,808 48 12 130 15, 512 2,928 5,601 23 4 4 1 1 9 3 Lake 7,101 4,239 101,464 41 6 1,817 6,596 3,340 33,381 14 2 188 379 7 20 5 14 8 '2 1 23 8 16 22 4 412 16 26 3 7 3 1 457 7 24 8 6 5 1 610 12 40 9 14 8 2 160 Madera 6 13, 072 3,787 17,612 8,086 4,986 2,002 18,637 16,411 17,369 13,689 15,101 4,933 164 69 35 47 12 3 90 89 110 15 36 7 11,324 4,339 12,800 5,656 4,399 7,499 11,302 13,236 20,823 37 63 4 59 23 19 60 104 150 11 3 5 8 13 2 9 24 6 9 5 8 18 5 22 6 19 16 6 2 50 150 8 67 85 461 66 12 20 12 63 16 61 2 8 28 7 19 9 36 6 12 10 9 47 35 2,601 29 14 31 21 16 2 67 202 12 72 128 619 94 14 29 18 93 25 86 1 13 44 11 26 14 53 4 21 23 10 62 53 3,215 10 14, 232 6,180 69 9 3 29 33 9 26 55 92 18 16 9 10 20 10 37 1 4 10 6 4 2 19 17' 13 6 16 7 962 38 68 13 30 65 202 48 16 14 2 24 17 27 1 9 16 1 8 5 18 2 14 6 6 37 24 967 50 77 11 31 71 182 60 14 16 1 36 8 26 4 4 9 6 9 3 25 1 12 4 5 26 39 1,076 7 40,339 6,412 25,497 34,987 298,997 28,629 16,072 10,087 16,754 48,005 19,270 12, 133 6,051 12,163 20,946 32, 721 10,040 5,469 9,916 3,719 24,574 6,082 10,071 12,684 9,636 3 413,249 513 63 313 376 1,847 363 467 52 26 989 62 221 12 117 97 45 61 47 252 27 .207 52 110 122 218 6,216 34,390 5, .584 7,786 8,618 233,959 24, 349 9, 142 8,669 9,613 35,039 12,802 9,492 6,623 8,610 18,476 25,926 8,761 5,159 9,301 4,999 11,281 7,848 5,073 11,772 11,284 194,327 560 6 17 13 1,628 328 23 34 63 161 63 54 22 88 72 60 20 35 142 7 80 84 15 102 247 2,435 21 4 10 26 45 8 4 7 8 .8 6 23 Siskivou 1 4 2 3 Stanislaus gutter 2 9 Trinity 6 Tulare 7 9 Yolo Yuba Colorado 448 163,017 2,117 759 3,049 21,644 4,106 2 1 14 132 1,985 2 6 73 2,121 i' 8 69 132,136 826 1,479 1,313 14,082 3,254 3 38,644 1,083 3,542 2 1 12 108 378 459 651 1,090 1 1,403 2 141 Archuleta 1 4 14 Baca Bent 11 69 1,654 9,723 42 49 6 16 1 16 3 35 5 60 4 6 ' See explanatory notes on page 99. ,. .. . , , ». 2 Includes 5,268 persons specially enumerated in 1890, but not distributed by counties, s Includes 1,051 persons specially enumerated in 1890, but not distributed by counties. 194 NEGROES IN THE UNITED STATES. Table 29.-T0TAL AND NEGRO POPULATION IN 1900, 1890, AND 1880, AND NEGEO POPULATION IN 1900 DISTRIBUTED ACCORDING TO SCHOOL, MILITIA, AND VOTING AGES, AND ILLITERACY,^ BY COUNTIES-Continuei popdlation: 1900. popdlation: 1890. popdlation: 1880. NEGRO popdlation: 1900. COUNTY. Total. Negro. Total. Negro. Total. Negro. Both sexes 10 years and over. 5 to 20 years, inclusive. Males 18 to 44 years, inclu- sive. Males 21 years and over. Total. Males. Fe- males. Total. Illiter- ates. Males. Fe- males. Total. nuter- ates. Colorado— Continued. Chaffee 7,086 501 7,082 8,794 4,632 2,937 5,487 1,134 3,120 3,008 3,101 31,602 15,636 6,836 6,690 741 5,331 1,609 8,395 9,306 701 1,580 18,064 7,016 12,168 21,842 926 8,292 9,267 1,913 8,068 4,535 3,268 11,522 4,731 2,998 1,583 7,020 3,766 34,448 1,690 4,080 3,661 3,853 2,342 5,379 971 2,744 29,002 1,241 16,808 1,729 908,420 86 21 62 10 3 6 7' 4 8 1,033 164 48 48 1 48 21 120 62 34 18 38 6 3 3 4" 3 6 511 124 27 25 23' 9 68 40 22 3 24 4 2 3' 1 2 522 40 21 23 1 25 12 52 22 6,612 534 7,184 7,193 3,491 2,970 2,534 1,498 3,006 3,726 1,886 21,239 9,156 4,478 6,867 604 4,369 862 6,882 8,460 1,243 2,472 14, 663 5,609 9,712 17,208 689 3,070 4,260 66 2 86 30 4 6 2 14 20 1 24 571 86 48 54 2 48 8 40 19 16 •6,812 70 83 20 52 10 3 4 7' 4 6 864 148 47 40 1 40 20 103 52. 11 2 6 2 1 13 3 6 2 3 1 7 17 16 14 2 20 14 29 4 3 2 s' 3 6 345 101 22 17 4 1 4 7,823 8,606 2,879 8,080. 2,' 486' 94 17 7 40 if ConejoB Costilla 2 i' 2 6 280 90 16 12 Custer Delta Dolores Douglas 2" i' i' i Eagle 1,708 7,949 4,735 7 159 72 76 20 6 8 112 19 5 ■5 132 13 . 4 10 29 14 3 fittTfipMi Gilpin 6,489 417 8,236 1,487 4,124 6,804 71 4 46 16 34' 9 6 28 7 6' 2 11 27 9 3 21 8 6 2 47 6 18 7 54 12 6 Hinsdale 16 4 Kiowa Kit Carson Lake '"'264' 28 25 168 18 2 52 7 1 14 7 95 25 26 ■■■'ios' 14 14 97 13 1 29 3 1 7 6 60 12 26 96' 14 11 71 6 1 23 4 7' 1 46 13 ■■""269" 34 18 227 ■■■■23,' 563' ■ 1,110 4,892 8,903 ""'298' 1 43 68 ""im 21 20 142 17 2 45 7 1 9 7 75 23 26 is' 3 4 29 ie' 2 1 28 3 21 4 6 19 3 67 9 6 55 8 1 20 2 89 U 10 65 10 1 22 3 1 S 5 32 11 23 9 La Plata 3 16 5 26 3 2 7 7 1 Mineral 1 1,629 3,980 1,601 4,192 6,610 3,648 2,642 8,929 1,969 31,491 1,200 3,461 2,369 3,313 1,672 2,909 1,293 1,906 1 17 3 22 64 7 2 77 9 904 1 2 13 4 6 1 1 13 3 1 s' 5 2 6 21 7 21 t 2 6 2,669 3,970 6 14 S Park 6 Pitkin 27 42 1,404 4 10 4 14 39 789 2 8 4 • 13 3 615 2 2 26 41 1,185 4 9 4 2 12 218 1 2 4 10 160 2" 2 1 1 .176 1 1 8 15 460 1 1 3 10 29 572 2 6 2 1 10 Pueblo 7,617 147 U9 1 18 7 3 8 21 5 1,944 140 1,973 1,087 4 1 3 2 16 51 6 4 310 29 15 10 28 1 4 165 10 10 6 23 6 145 19 5 15 48 8 4 284 22 14 1 9 1 2 1 2 2 1 6 16 2 108 2 7 8 25 1 4 139 6 9 1 3 1 5,459 22 46 6 2 18 4 1 26 9 20 2,301 11,736 2,596 746,258 17 29 2 Weld 5,646 15 2 15,226 7,247 7,979 12,802 622, 700 11,547 12,829 1,441 1,958 2,314 3,447 4,676 598 Fairfield 184, 203 195,480 63,672 41,760 269,163 82,758 24,523 46,861 184,735 3,227 3,191 967 452 6,085 1,669 91 544 30,697 1,446 1,624 464 206 2,431 785 55 238 15,616 1,782 1,667 503 247 2,664 884 36 306 15,081 160,081 . 147,180 53,542 39,524 209,088 76,634 26,081 45,158 168, 493 2,563 2,276 807 418 4,065 1,473 191 809 28,386 112,042 128,382 52,044 36,589 186,823 73,182 24, 112 43,856 146,608 2,182 2,232 1,026 371 3,813 1,480 195 548 26,442 2,698 2,648 791 374 4,148 1,364 68 441 23,827 343 245 94 37 430 199 13 80 8,967 363 386 125 61 690 245 15 73 8,465 173 92 742 249 11 103 5,384 726 851 201 87 1,116 349 21 96 6,622 924 1,086 284 126 1,506 478 82 140 8,374 132 111 53 10 168 New London 89 9 Windham 36 3,578 Kent 32, 762 109,697 42,276 278,718 7,738 16,197 6,762 86,702 3,996 8,170 3,450 38,348 3,742 8,027 3,312 48,354 32, 664 97,182 38,647 230, 392 8,036 14,365 6,986 76,572 32,874 77,716 36,018 177,624 8,114 12,636 5,692 89,896 6,734 12,944 4,849 71,949 2,436 4,305 2,226 17,462 1,877 2,826 1,362 11,670 1,484 2,614 1,286 14,876 1,501 3,873 1,248 18,677 1,928 4,847 1,599 23,072 953 1,764 871 6,024 District of Columbia. . . 278,718 528,642 86, 702 230,730 38,348 120,199 48,354 110,531 230, 392 ■391,422 75,872 166,180 177,624 269, 493 89,896 126,690 71,949 168,586 17,462 64,816 11, 670 42,918 14,876 43,993 18,677 58,846 23,072 61,417 6,024 24,171 32,246 4,516 10,296 6,158 5,132 18,965 1,191 2,727 1,074 2,040 10,177 747 1,632 613 1,194 8,788 444 1,095 461 846 22,934 3,333 7,816 3,401 1,681 13,260 748 1,888 841 849 16,462 2,803 6,112 1,478 1,580 10, 016 643 1,290 84 396 13,666 892 2,042 810 1,521 4,762 321 820 149 699 3,942 211 649 168 367 3,788 179 468 174 340 4,464 437 838 326 670 4,902 440 899 388 685 1,937 161 74 1 288 Calhoun • See explanatory notes on page i GENERAL TABLES. 195 Table 39 TOTAL AND NEGRO POPULATION IN 1900, 1890, AND 1880, AND NEGRO POPULATION IN 1900 DISTRIBUTED ACCORDING TO SCHOOL, MILITIA, AND VOTING AGES, AND ILLITERACY,^ BY COUNTIES— Continued. Florida — Continued. Catrus Clay Columbia Dade DeSoto Duval — Escambia. Franklin . Gadsden.. Hamilton. Hernando . Hillsboro . . Holmes Jackson . . . Jefferson .. Lafayette. Lake Lee Leon Levy liberty . . Madison . Manatee. Marion . . Monroe.. Nassau . Orange . Osceola. Pasco... Polk.... Putnam St. John Santa Rosa . Sumter Suwanee . . . Taylor Volusia Wakulla Walton Washington.. Georgia. Appling . Baker . . . Baldwin. Banks . . . Bartow . . Berrien. . Bibb Brooks .. Bryan . . . Bulloch . Burke Butts Calhoun . . Camden . . Campbell. Carroll Catoosa Charlton Chatham Chattahoochee . Chattooga . Cherokee.. Clarke Clay Clayton ... Clinch Cobb Coffee Colquitt . . Columbia. Coweta . . . Crawford . Dade Dawson . . Decatur . . popdlation: 1900. Total. 5,391 5,635 17,094 4,955 8,047 39,733 28, 313 4,890 15, 294 11,881 36, 013 7,762 23,377 16, 195 4,987 7,467 3,071 19,887 8,603 2,956 15,446 4,663 24, 403 18,006 9,654 11, 374 3,444 6,054 12,472 11,641 9,165 10, 293 6,187 14,554 3,999 10,003 5,149 9,346 10,154 2, 216, 331 Negro. 12, 336 6,704 17, 768 10,545 20,823 19,440 50,473 18,606 6,122 21,377 30, 165 12, 805 9,274 7,669 9,518 26, 576 5,823 3,592 71,239 5,790 12,952 15,243 17, 708 8,568 9,598 8,732 24,664 16,169 13,636 10, 653 24,980 10,368 4,578 5,442 29,454 21,112 13,975 Total. Dekalb Dodge Doolr. ■ fo'T, Dougherty 1|.6™ Douglas i 8'™ 2,637 1,832 9,321 1,293 672 22, 417 11, 925 2,242 9,856 5,376 1,815 8,449 1,281 12, 276 12, 620 763 2,6S6 188 15,999 3,282 1,497 8,904 458 15,047 5,788 5,092 4,027 431 1,679 2,948 5,621 3,621 2,466 2,280 6, 577- 438 3,464 2,790 2,039 2,686 1, 034, 813 Males. 3,513 4,770 11,256 2,097 6,187 5,937 27,384 10,904 3,153 9,164 24,643 6,807 6,875 5,246 3,168 6,036 482 743 41,257 3,938 2,238 1,285 9,476 5,703 4,026 3,590 7,328 6,611 3,602 7,753 14,220 5,818 438 171 16,778 7,044 5,705 14,684 11,228 2,155 1,878 1,032 4,771 780 436' 10, 969 5,890 1,194 4,744 3,059 1,089 4,368 777 6,047 5,989 485 1,484 115 7,574 1,903 4,387 300 7,991 2,733 2,703 2,069 236 1,078 1,851 2,967 1,831 1,272 1,327 3,413 246 1,829 1,546 1,138 1,603 609, 869 Fe- males. 1,961 2,377 5,399 1,075 3,091 3,242 12,432 5,616 1,643 4,944 12, 147 3,261 3,426 2,725 1,619 2,673 280 419 19, 508 1,922 1,146 645 4,385 2,675 2,041 2,292 3,597 3,657 2,046 7,015 2,905 298 91 7,869 3,541 2,928 7,605 5,437 1,097 759 800 4,560 613 236 11,448 6,036 1,048 6,112 2,317 726 4,091 604 6,229 6,631 278 1,152 73 8,425 1,379 664 4,617 158 7,056 3,056 2,389 1,958 196 601 1,097 2,654 1,790 1,194 953 3,164 192 1,635 1,246 901 1,183 1,652 2,393 5,867 1,022 3,096 2,695 14, 952 6,389 1,510 4,220 12,496 3,566 3,460 2,621 1,549 2,463 202 324 21, 749 2,016 1,092 640 5,091 3,028 1,986 ■ 1, 298 3,731 2,964 1,566 3,860 7,206 2,913 140 80 7,909 3,503 2,777 7,179 5,791 1,058 popdlation: 1890. Total. 2,394 6,164 12, 877 861 4,944 26,800 20, 188 ^ 3,308 11,894 8,507 2,476 14, 941 4,336 17,644 15,757 8,034 1,414 17,752 6,586 1,462 14,316 2,896 20, 796 18, 786 8,294 12,584 3,133 4i249 7,906 11,186 8,712 7,961 5,363 10, 524 2,122 8,467 3,117 4,816 6,426 1, 837, 363 Negro. 8,676 6,144 14, 608 8,662 20, 616 10, 694 42, 370 13, 979 5,520 13,712 28, 601 10, 566 8,438 6,178 9,116 22, 301 6,431 3,335 67,740 4,902 11, 202 15, 412 15, 186 7,817 8,296 6,652 22, 286 10,483 4,794 11,281 22, 354 9,315 6,707 5,612 19, 949 17,189 11,452 18,146 12, 206 7,794 1,521 6,484 87 139 14,802 8,706 1,368 7,448 3,170 892 2,917 184 11, 211 12, 199 ■ 239 1,844 80 14,631 2,129 634 8,760 181 11,485 5,935 3,636 476 376 784 4,778 3,196 2,192 1,498 151 2,462 1,379 743 1,339 858, 815 population: 1880. 2,462 4,549 9,343 1,663 6,041 2,417 23, 336 7,637 2,687 4,689 22, 680 5,398 6,199 4,137 3,861 636 870 34, 757 3,065 1,998 1,508 8,111 4,815 3,075 2,360 6,774 3,858 477 8,038 12, 612 5,166 1,093 259 10,811 5,974 5,309 8,914 10, 231 1,801 Total. 1,589 257 19, 431 12, 156 1,791 12, 169 6,790 4,248 5,814 2,170 14, 372 16,066 2,441 19, 662 6,767 1,362 14,798 3,544 13,046 10,940 6,635 6,618 3,181 6,261 4,636 6,646 4,686 7,161 2,279 3,294 2,723 4,201 4,089 1, 542, 180 Negro. 573 4,769 67 10,860 5,302 692 8,066 2,318 929 915 106 8,735 12, 668 173 16,840 2,035 648 9,184 136 8,305 3,197 3,647 1,023 NEGRO population: 1900. 122 2,416 1,363 1,872 1,185 3,140 165 538 1,160 516 918 725, 133 5,276 7,307 13, 806 7,337 18, 690 6,619 27, 147 11, 727 4,929 8,053 27,128 8,311 7,024 6,183 9,970 16,901 4,739 2,164 46, 023 5,670 10,021 14,326 11,702 6,650 8,027 4,138 20, 748 5,070 2,527 10,465 21, 109 8,656 4,702 5,837 19,072 14,497 5,368 12,420 12, 622 6,934 1,192 6,665 9,294 1,507 6,271 16,700 6,057 2,561 2,266 21,031 4,034 4,670 4,092 3,885 2,310 612 360 27, 616 3,540 2,040 1,626 6,388 3,852 838 6,012 1,042 105 7,436 11, 797 4,716 1,084 356 10,183 4,643 1,862 5,828 10,670 1,471 Both sexes 10 years and over. Total. 2,206 1,322 6,398 1,064 566 17, 566 9,366 1,758 6,665 3,834 1,344 6,571 908 8,518 8,700 592 1,911 147 11,681 2,399 1,072 6,024 363 10, 826 4,420 3,891 2,868 313 1,277 2,290 4,112 2,766 1,781 1,646 4,638 300 2,491 1,966 1,466 1,881 724, 096 Illiter- ates. 876 479 2,897 174 228 4,426 3,342 769 2,700 2,017 643 1,602 504 4,686 4,673 247 631 42 6,459 731 693 3,030 44 3,757 1,223 1,129 736 132 601 727 1,056 690 823 614 1,962 172 750 834 374 813 379,067 5 to 20 years, inclusive. 2,498 3,302 8,060 1,456 4,267 4,143 20,864 7,273 2,124 6,126 17, 467 4,564 4,725 3,621 2,162 3,428 355 544 32,988 2,608 1,652 892 6,848 3,842 2,721 2,707 6,256 4,.537 2,606 5,339 9,749 3,787 356 124 10, 629 5,033 3,869 10,074 8,329 1,442 1,011 1,919 4,907 686 2,029 1,977 8,772 3,604 1,091 3,484 2,384 3,142 1,700 1,059 1,714 117 239 12,845 1,496 568 370 2,789 2,164 1,364 1,256 2,334 2,019 1,382 3,314 5,020 2,009 169 66 6,967 2,460 1,988 6,667 5,265 653 208,937 218,804 467 320 1,869 162 117 3,527 2,041 365 1,977 1,128 323 1,330 211 2,512 2,640 140 465 28 3,160 644 296 1,871 74 2,861 911 713 81 242 491 1,013 679 437 376 1,380 86 610 532 367 523 Fe- males. 298 294 1,863 162 91 4,014 2,173 371 2,160 1,017 290 1,444 189 2,667 2,824 107 462 22 3,466 657 258 2,013 48 2,967 992 947 752 69 211 409 1,040 674 487 425 1,358 76 611 506 746 925 2,146 470 1,316 1,110 4,677 2,392 643 1,881 5,085 1,425 1,471 1,087 718 1,124 139 133 6,105 474 277 1,868 1,192 841 649 1,666 1,286 594 1,729 2,971 1,275 67 42 1,413 1,155 2,977 2,074 420 Males 18 to 44 years, inclu- 1,416 611 1,862 520 280 6,082 2,896 660 1,612 1,476 2,363 444 2,016 1,661 321 762 74 2,277 1,013 419 1,415 199 3,662 1,318 1,277 924 99 667 1,225 1,340 914 563 744 1,346 124 806 732 686 728 184,863 963 2,263 468 1,335 1,071 6,332 2,482 662 1,836 6,343 1,586 1,489 1,061 672 1,077 86 143 7,157 871 499 286 2,079 1,343 851 518 1,531 1,262 601 1,695 3,127 1,315 66 31 3,331 1,439 1,237 3,098 2,188 456 Males 21 years and over. Total. 911 857 1,838 390 1,068 1,618 4,723 1,872 627 2,192 4,302 1,108 1,143 944 602 931 90 213 9,777 604 417 222 1,513 833 681 1,378 1,137 1,676 1,175 1,185 2,388 904 181 32 2,840 1,245 1,012 2,849 1,907 1,302 576 2,140 565 6,269 3,266 718 1,986 1,602 646 2,633 455 2,550 2,376 306 850 74 3,269 1,028 422 1,767 203 4,110 1,660 1,511 1,074 126 698 1,202 1,660 1,053 651 787 1,519 120 943 773 Illiter- ates. 978 1,097 2,480 435 1,287 1,682 6,141 2,217 740 2,249 5,285 1,300 1,393 1,249 642 1,040 112 237 11,462 748 482 266 1,878 1,062 842 1,398 1,600 1,809 1,197 1,584 2,899 1,072 212 36 3,305 1,630 1,260 3,341 2,659 478 619 782 768 579 1,102 1,689 689 105 23 1,865 852 719 2,263 1,713 251 iSee explanatory notes on page i 196 NEGROES IN THE UNITED STATES. Table 29.— TOTAL AND NEGRO POPULATION IN 1900, 1890, AND 1880, AND NEGRO POPULATION IN 1900 DISTRIBUTED ACCORDING TO SCHOOL, MILITIA, AND VOTING AGES, AND ILLITERACY,' BY COUNTIES— Continued. Georgia — Continued Early Echols Effingham Elbert Emanuel Fannin Payette Floyd Forsyth Franklin Fulton Gilmer Glascock Glynn Gordon Greene Gwinnett Habersham Hall Hancock Haralson Harris Hart Heard Henry Houston Irwin Jackson Jasper JeSerson Johnson Jones Laurens Lee Liberty Lincoln Lowndes Lumpkin McDuffie Mcintosh Macon Madison Marion ....z Meriwether Miller Milton Mitchell Monroe .' Montgomery Morgan Murray Muscogee Newton Oconee Oglethorpe Paulding Pickens Pierce Pike Polk Pulaski Putnam Quitman Kabun Randolph Richmond Rockdale Schley Screven Spalding Stewart Sumter Talbot Taliaferro Tattnall Taylor Telfair Terrell Thomas Towns population: 1900. Total. 14,828 3,209 8,334 19, 729 21,279 U,214 10,114 33,113 11,560 17, 700 117,363 10,198 4,516 •14,317 14,119 16,542 26,585 13,604 20,752 18,277 11,922 18,009 14,492 11,177 18,602 22, &a 13,645 24,039 15,033 18, 212 11,409 13,358 25,908 10,344 13,093 7,166 20,036 7,433 9,804 6,537 14,093 13,224 10,080 23,339 6,319 6,763 14, 767 20,682 16,359 15,813 8,623 29,836 16,731 8,602 17,881 12,969 8,641 8,100 18,761 17,866 18,489 13,4i6 4,701 6,286 16,847 53,736 7,516 6,499 19,282 17, 619 16,856 26, 212 12, 197 7,912 20,419 9,846 10,083 19,023 31,076 4,748 Negro. Total. 8,966 991 3,704 9,792 8,406 296 3,661 11,476 1,083 4,264 45,632 77 1,515 9,104 1,631 11, 217 4,143 1,792 3,272 13,628 1,639 12,186 4,025 4,014 9,389 17,006 4,680 7,606 9,645 11,678 4,531 9,450 U,338 8,837 8,614 4,273 10,688 482 6,143 5,081 9,791 3,885 6,849 13, 817 2,708 763 7,989 13,866 6,706 10,606 521 16,597 8,144 4,413 12,243 1,345 415 2,184 9,602 4,916 11,029 10,057 3,447 181 11,297 26,256 3,096 3,583 10,946 9,164 11, 837 18, 813 8,539 5,521 7,113 5,026 4,126 13,349 17, 450 71 4,664 604 1,917 4,993 4,468 143 1,788 5,647 644 2,146 19, 711 37 713 4,536 850 6,373 2,094 869 1,627 6,615 807 5,999 2,044 2,020 4,699 8,372 2,607 3,808 4,770 5,628 2,291 4,644 5,710 4,427 4,257 2,056 6,424 247 3,026 2,549 4,662 1,946 2,865 6,858 1,436 377 4,011 6,717 3,547 6,261 258 7,016 3,954 2,199 6,184 729 197 1,232 4,764 2,653 6,489 4,834 1,689 87 5,458 11, 910 1,570 1,716 5,682 4,396 5, 759 9,249 4,162 2,707 3,921 2,428 2,138 6,536 8,300 Fe- 4,401 387 1,787 4,799 3,938 153 1,773 5,829 539 2,058 25,821 40 802 4,568 781 6,844 2,049 923 1,645 7,013 832 6,187 1,981 1,994 4,690 8,634 2,073 3,798 4,876 6,960 2,240 4,806 5,628 4.410 4,357 2,217 5,264 236 3,117 2,532 5,129 1,940 2,984 6,959 1,272 386 3,978 7,148 3,159 6,346 263 8,681 4,190 2,214 6,059 616 218 952 4,838 2,363 6,540 5,223 1,758 94 14,345 1,626 1,867 5,364 4,768 6,078 9,664 4,387 2,814 3,192 2,698 1,S88 6,813 9,160 POPULATION: 1890. 9,792 3,079 5,599 15, 376 14, 703 8,724 8,728 28,391 11, 166 14, 670 84,666 9,074 3,720 13,420 12, 758 17,051 19, 899 11,573 18,047 17, 149 11,316 16, 797 10,887 9,567 16, 220 21,613 6,316 19, 176 13,879 17, 213 6,129 12,709 13, 747 9,074 12,887 6,146 15, 102 6,867 8,789 6,470 13,183 11,024 7,728 20,740 4,275 6,208 10,906 19,137 9,248 16,041 8,461 27,761 14, 310 7,713 16,951 11, 948 8,182 6,379 16,300 14,945 16,569 14,842 4,471 5,606 16. 267 45, 194 6,813 6,443 14,424 13, 117 15, 682 22,107 13. 268 7,291 10, 263 8,666 5,477 14,503 26, 154 4,064 Negro. 6,122 1,020 2,210 7,884 5,306 112 3,074 10, 414 1,288 3,298 35, 397 69 1,168 7,741 1,727 11, 719 2,996 1,589 2,767 12,410 1,117 10, 797 2,957 3,342 7,591 16,341 2,075 5,396 8,'487 10,763 1,456 8,778 6,093 7,642 8,673 3,673 7,974 414 5,622 5,212 9,181 3,662 4,261 11,538 1,674 672 6,106 12,516 3,658 10,997 484 15, 362 7,164 3,832 11,264 1,605 349 1,983 8,077 4,664 10,001 10, 903 3,060 166 9,478 22,818 2,686 8,206 7,607 7,281 11,484 15, 098 9,239 4,827 3,115 4,068 2,335 9,169 15,028 74 population: 1880. Total. 7,611 2,653 5,979 12,957 9,759 7,245 8,605 24,418 10,669 11,453 49,137 8,386 8,577 6,497. 11, 171 17,647 19,531 8,718 15,298 16, 989 5, 974 16,758 9,094 8,769 14, 193 22,414 2,696 16,297 11,851 15, 671 4,800 11, 613 10, 063 19, 577 10,649 6,412 11,049 6,626 9,449 6,241 11,676 7,978 8,598 17,661 3,720 6,261 9,392 18,808 5,381 14,032 8,269 19,322 13,623 6,361 15,400 10,887 6,790 4,538 15,849 11, 952 14, 068 14, 539 4,392 4,634 13,341 34,666 6,838 6,302 12, 786 12, 686 13, 998 18,239 14,116 7,034 6,988 8,597 4,828 10, 461 20, 597 3,261 Negro. 4,596 500 2,751 6,872 3,085 133 2,863 9,460 1,487 2,647 20,842 126 1,071 4,300 1,820 11, 974 3,515 1,361 2,258 11,943 153 9,286 2,882 3,095 6,229 16,390 636 6,157 7,693 10, 090 1,345 7,860 4,351 8,837 7,061 4,168 6,637 451 6,019 4,695 7,387 2,686 4,304 9,854 1,393 777 5,203 12, 115 1,871 9,782, 906 10,327 6,883 3,024 984 145 1,472 8,069 4,147 8,225 11, 021 2,619 197 7,796 17,464 2,689 8,073 6,613 7,146 9,622 12, 189 9,667 4,722 1,974 3,827 2,161 6,183 12,213 104 NEGRO population: 1900. Both sexes 10 years and over. 5 to 20" years, I inclusive. Total. 6,083 • 704 2,588 6,756 5,726 212 2,424 8,330 752 2,857 35,829 58 995 6,975 1,131 7,605 2,820 1,281 2,305 1,118 8,089 2,772 2,683 6,243 11,667 8,173 5,119 6,409 7,721 2,954 6,181 7,488 6,215 6,869 2,767 7,482 331 4,220 3,691 6,696 2,576 3,857 9,205 1,840 523 5,495 9,237 4,666 7,378 11, 791 5,476 2,941 8,309 921 280 1,611 6,448 3,452 7,692 6,779 2,299 120 7,782 20,567 2,146 2,341 7,321 6,390 7,780 13, 182 6,749 3,736 4,894 3,364 2,808 9,236 12,123 50 Illiter- ates. 452 1,659 3,532 3,213 1,291 3,427 325 1,372 13,421 14 582 2,717 434 4,683 1,404 666 941 4,632 424 4,300 1,399 1,531 3,267 7,128 1,550 2,600 4,025 4,341 1,752 3,167 4,278 4,137 •'2,246 1,962 3,470 142 2,563 1,876 4,176 1,667 2,171 5,906 1,306 279 3,315 5,563 2,277 4,793 159 6,830 2,790 1,665 4,895 424' 115 741 3,^16 1,368 4,547 4,364 1,469 44 4,421 8,884 1,080 1,088 4,174 2,566 4,281 6,719 3; 341 2,368 2,569 1,961 1,238 5,357 6,505 30 Males. 1 See explanatory notes on page \ 1,916 199 777 2,124 1,810 61 806 2,410 259 945 7,131 17 304 1,533 2,339 876 364 704 3,056 2,003 3,692 934 1,604 2,058 2,461 2,188 2,376 1,744 1,812 909 2,131 107 1,365 966 2,034 821 1,276 2,993 650 147 1,683 2,962 1,368 2,228 120 2,747 1,713 941 2,789 313 86 442 2,079 1,057 2,249 2,136 734 35 2,467 4,272 669 730 2,406 1,814 2,605 3,966 1,933 1,138 1,473 1,106 900 2,763 3,457 21 Fe- males. 1,950 166 770 2,039 1,666 70 764 2,502 235 •8,957 17 346 1,669 350 2,481 894 380 692 3,088 368 2,824 899 896 2,111 3,634 888 1,681 2,123 2,668 1,021 2,146 2,506 1,865 1,939 2,314 102 1,379 1,019 2,159 866 1,373 3,058 546 172 1,703 3,128 1,386 2,247 127 3,219 1,847 966 2,611 268 105 426 2,047 1,026 2,378 2,316 779 39 2,522 4,978 663 860 2,296 1,999 2,694 3,948 1,989 1,217 1,376 1,133 931 2,898 3,890 15 Males 18 to 44 years, inclu- sive. 1,624 314 753 1,799 1,828 61 637 2,027 165 779 15 220 2,157 260 1,629 797 309 669 1,849 279 1,974 727 688 1,601 2,805 1,193 1,295 1,543 1,652 776 1,342 2,061. 1,580 1,389 706 2,106 95 1,014 946 1,616 670 879 2,278 625 147 1,386 2,072 1,496 1,779 73 2,604 1,326 761 2,165 247 66 567 1,542 938 '1,880 1,486 490 28 1,672 5,139 546 668 1,909 1,544 1,737 3,116 1,204 863 1,782 776 781 2,221 2,668 16 Males 21 years and over. Total. 326 2,049 2,007 10,340 17 282 2,631 317 2,158 .877 2,406 344 2,331 837 778 1,874 3,442 1,264 1,533 1,864 2,200 884 1,684 2,389 1,977 1,813 2,486 110 1,248 1,247 1,899 781 1,085 2,689 666 165 1,682 2,601 1,671 2,231 3,227 1,594 898 2,406 304 79 649 1,886 1,129 2,332 1,879 646 34 2,142 6,815 653 673 2,301 1,901 2,147 3,891 1,537 1,070 1,866 935 908 2,731 3,505 14 GENERAL TABLES. 197 Table 29.— TOTAL AND NEGRO POPULATION IN 1900, 1890, AND 1880, AND NEGRO POPULATION IN 1900 DISTRIBUTED ACCORDING TO SCHOOL, MILITIA, AND VOTING AGES, AND ILLITERACY,^ BY COUNTIES— Continued. population: 1900. population: 1890. population: 1880. NEGRO population: 1900. COUNTY. Total. Negro. Total. Negro. Total. Negro. Both sexes 10 years and over. 5 to 20 years, inclusive. Males 18 to 44 years, inclu- sive. Males 21 years and over. Total. Males. Fe- males. Total. Illiter- atee. Males. Fe- males. Total. Illiter- ates. Georgia— Continued . 24,002 8,716 8,481 13,670 16,661 20, 942 13,761 11,463 28,227 9,449 6,618 6,912 14,509 11,097 20,866 11,440 18,664 154,001 15,332 5,805 128 7,481 2,464 8,341 6,109 7,621 17,422 2,227 4,114 60O 1,824 4,204 14,442 6,031 8,412 233 7,443 2,912 66 3,689 1,445 4,149 2,715 3,613 8,526 1,176 2,086 304 876 2,272 7,073 2,981 4,584 168 7,889 2,893 62 3,792 1,019 4,192 2,394 4,008 8,896 1,051 2,028 296 948 1,932 7,369 ^,050 3,828 75 20,723 8,195 7,749 12,188 13,282 17,467 8,811 10, 957 26,237 7,486 6,696 6,151 12, 916 7,980 18,081 10,781 10,048 2 89, 990 13, 661 5,447 165 6,123 1,932 7,156 3,619 6,756 14,926 2,195 3,272 662 1,930 3,165 12,464 5,214 4,176 20, 666 8,918 6,431 12,400 11,066 16,622 4,159 10,885 21,964 6,980 5,237 5,341 11,900 3,109 15,986 12,061 6,892 m 13,970 6,074 110 6,267 1,563 6,301 1,144 6,846 12,516 1,920 2,570 690 2,210 698 10,812 6,511 1,824 10,454 3,866 89 4,942 1,801 5,736 3,800 6,226 11,464 1,694 2,769 411 1,293 2,910 9,900 3,961 5,848 166 6,066 2,256 36 3,196 688 3,287 1,479 3,109 6,716 665 1,696 92 471 1,472 6,707 2,164 3,489 34 3,267 1,279 28 1,639 482 1,761 917 1,543 3,745 420 932 130 367 821 3,034 1,245 1,638 60 3,402 1,241 27 1,679 458 1,764 929 1,717 3,800 461 887 134 406 821 3,145 1,385 1,581 29 2,376 949 16 1,222 689 1,514 1,291 1,163 2,819 465 667 92 262 931 2,334 919 1,980 66 2,941 1,146 24 1,426 759 1,723 1,470 1,461 3,365 597 781 126 382 1,110 2,896 1,195 2,269 93 1,897 749 10 1,004 350 Walker Walton 1,109 591 Warren ■ 967 2,117 266 "Webster 524 White 84 Whitfield 173 Wilcox - 562 Wilkes , 2,048 Wilkinson 787 Worth 1,341 29 46,843 20,562 172 26,416 2,504 58,504 161, 772 44 23 30 17 14 6 26,754 1 ni,869 / m \ 17, 357 '2,826 31,194 8 88,548 23 f 13 7 1 13 3 3 3 7 8 15 10 6 Kauai island 1 Ti«,Tial.island\5 13 2 151 293 11 2 98 ■ 166 2 63" 127 h 116 265 4 1 1 3 1 47 104 10 2 56 130 22 37 33 32 22 37 18 201 32, 610 53 20 Ada 11,559 48 24 24 8,368 2,629 22 13 • 4,674 1,693 16 1 *' 6 3 6 19 21 3 11,702 7,051 10,447 4,900 4,174 7,497 3,961 2,049 2,286 12,821 9,121 10,216 13,461 3,446 1,784 1 39 22 17 34 4 2 2 19 20 1 6,067 15,068 3 42 3,236 34 8 4 42 22 2 2 26 12 6 2 17 27 7 3 31 7 i" 2 6 1 ¥ 4 1 1 11 11 16 6 3,342 4 3,214 10 1 12 2 15 1 1 3,143 2,176 1,870 1 1 1 1,312 1 2 4 8 26 17 2 1 2 3 6 21 8 1 1 1 i' 3 5 9 1 1 2 4 7 23 14 2 1 1 2 2 17 4 1 1 2 2 4 19 4 2 1 2 2 1 1 1 4 1 i 1 6' 2 Idaho 2,956 4,630 9,173 2.347 ■ 2 16 10 4 2,031 618 3' 1 2 2,230 5 i 4,169 4,662 6,819 2,021 6,382 3,836 93, 826, 352 19 14 3" 44 2 57,028 13,748 8,933 3,804 11,950 6,882 4,821,560 10 5 6 3,966 6,964 1,426 469 879 3,077,871 6 3 7 2 46,368 10 1 2 5 1 2 36 9 86,078 2 14 7 45,121 22' 2 39,967 2 31 9 71, 184 7' 2 12,903 4' 5' i 9 2 24,671 600 1,374 46 14 3 106 2 10 7 29, 762 i 2 Shoshone 12,054 12,184 Illinois 6,561 67,058 19,384 16,078 15, 791 11,657 41, 112 8,917 18,963 17,222 47,622 32,790 24,033 19,553 19,824 34, 146 1,838,735 19,240 16,124 81,756 18,972 2,312 6,318 214 52 15 299 1,126 3,100 119 26 7 179 1,186 3,218 95 26 8 120 61,888 16,563 14,550 12,203 11,951 36,014 7,662 18,320 15,963 42,159 30,531 21,899 16,772 17,411 30,093 1,191,922 17,283 15,443 27,066 17,011 2,044 4,878 266 42 11 "271 1 6 1 411 98 43 56 287 284 14,910 37 25 69 64 59, 136 14,808 14,866 11,508 13,041 33,172 7,467 16,976 14,493 40,863 28,227 21,894 16,192 18,714 27,042 607,524 16,197 13,789 26,768 17,010 1,884 4,668 325 48 59 165 1 26 6 462 127 61 84 353 276 6,945 37 2 93 113 1,950 6,154 171 49 11 240 611 1,657 40 6 3 67 303 973 47 8 2 34 374 1,049 32 11 1 44 725 1,866 60 17 4 129 226 678 19 3 1 Alexander Bond - . Brown . Bureau 42 Calhoun 26' 3 551 165 40 49 331 299 31,838 21 17 79 85 ii' 2 294 84 21 26 179 169 17,029 16 9 49 41 14 1 267 81 19 23 152 140 14,809 5 8 30 44 19 3 426 124 33 41 247 267 28,452 16 13 68 6 ei' 28 11 9 64 23 2,202 2 9 6 1 90 30 7 6 62 44 3,151 9 4 •16 7 76' 26 6 4 57 46 3,199 1 4 16 4 1 126 33 8 12 72 96 11,568 3 6 24 18 5 1 174 48 13 20 96 104 13,026 6 5 30 29 3 Cass . 23 Champaign Christian 14 2 4 24 9 Clark Clay Clinton Coles Cook .M. 757 Crawford ^ Dekalb Dewltt I T%finres^VenloT\m ^?lder'ived from the census taken as of December 28, 1890, under the direction of the Hawaiian government. a No census o! Hawaii was taken by the Hawaiian government m 1880. * Not separately returned in 1890. 6 Not separately returned. "Ketumed with Molokai in 1890. ll^^tl ISFf^m^oti total of 4, 163 persons specially enumerated in 1^0) not distributed by counties. •Includes 1 person specially enumerated in 1890, but not credited to any county. 198 NEGKOES IN THE UNITED SPATES. Table 29 — TOTAL AND NEGRO POPULATION IN 1900, 1890, AND 1880, AND NEGRO POPULATION IN 1900 DISTRIBUTED. ACCORDING TO SCHOOL, MILITIA, AND VOTING AGES, AND ILLITERACY,^ BY COUNTIES— Cofitlnued. Illinois— Continued. Douglas Dupage Edgar ;. Edwards EfBngham Fayette... Ford Franklin , Fulton ... Gallatin . . Greene Grundy Hamilton Hancock . Hardin Henderson . Henry Iroquois Jackson Jasper Jeflferson .. Jersey Jo Daviess . Johnson . . . Kane Kankakee . Kendall . . . Knox Lake Lasalle Lawrence ... Lee Livingston . . Logan McDonough. MoHenry.. McLean . . . Macon Macoupin . Madison... Marion . . . Marshall . Mason Menard. Mercer Monroe Montgomery . Morgan Moultrie Ogle... Peoria . Perry.. Piatt .. Hke... Pope , Pulaski Putnam . . . Bandolph . Richland . . Rock Island . St. Clair Saline Sangamon . . . Schuyler Scott Shelby Stark Stephenson. Tazewell . . . Union Vermilion . Wabash ... Warren Washington . Wayne White Whiteside . . . POPULATION: 1900. Will Williamson . Winnebago. Woodford... Total. 19, 097 28,196 28,273 10,345 20,466 28,065 18, 359 19, 675 46,201 15,836 23,402 24,136 20,197 32,215 7,448 10,836 40,049 38,014 33,871 20, 160 28,133 14, 612 24,533 15, 667 78, 792 37,154 11,467 43,612 34,504 87,776 16, 523 29,894 42,035 28,680 28,412 29, 769 67,843 44,003 42,266 64,694 30, 446 16,370 17,491 13, 110 14,336 20, 945 13,847 30, 836 36, 006 16,224 29, 129 88,608 19,830 17,706 31,595 13, 685 14,564 4,746 28,001 16, 391 66,249 86,685 21, 685 71,693 16,129 10,465 32, 126 10, 186 34, 933 33, 221 22,610 66, 635 12, 583 23, 163 19, 526 27, 626 26, 336 34, 710 74, 764 27, 796 47,846 21, 822 Negro. Total. 77 166 292 103 18 13 99 15 213 639 37 95 193 22 191 197 2,122 84 317 161 29 269 612 231 43 862 186 228 272 70 498 314 180 24 1,067 666 306 2,817 622 114 16 2,154 133 143 23 271 1,172 11 61 1,635 715 44 306 689 5,826 18 1,332 12 601 3,987 868 3,106 7 34 68 6 60 24 194 1,124 53 376 79 5 546 54 3,244 610 238 103 Males. 42 80 146 61 12 7 100 66 60 22 53 107 13 136 121 1,146 48 152 70 15 140 138 30 431 97 127 128 33 359 167 90 13 531 307 140 1,474 284 59 10 1,127 68 82 12 130 581 5 22 892 361 27 147 352 3,058 14 802 6 346 2,136 446 1,681 6 15 33 6 54 13 . 106 662 28 188 286 32 743 359 135 56 Fe- males. 35 86 146 42 6 4 51 8 113 300 55 76 976 165 81 14 119 310 13 421 88 101 144 37 139 367 90 11 626 349 166 1,343 238 56 6 1,027 65 61 11 141 591 354 17 158 337 2,768 4 630 265 1,861 422 1,626 2 19 35 1 6 11 472 25 601 261 POPDLATION: 1890. Total. 17, 669 22,561 26, 787 9,444 19,368 23, 367 17, 036 17,138 43, 110 14, 935 23, 791 21,024 17,800 31,907 7,234 9,876 33,338 35, 167 27, 809 18,188 22, 690 14,810 26,101 16, 013 65. 061 28, 732 12, 106 38, 762 24,236 80,798 14, 693 26, 187 38,465 25,489 27, 467 26, 114 63, 036 38,083 40,380 51, 536 24, 341 13, 653 16,067 11,313 13,120 18,546 12, 948 30,003 32,636 14, 481 28,710 70, 378 17, 629 17. 062 31,000 14,-016 11, 356 4,730 26, 049 16,019 41, 917 66, 571 19,342 61,195 16,013 10, 304 31, 191 9,982 31, 338 29,566 21,649 * 49, 905 11,866 21,281 19, 262 23, 806 25, 005 30,864 62, 007 22,226 39,938 21,429 Negro, 68 111 246 73 26 18 136 24 173 661 169 53 60 130 262 16 86 191 1,566 104 170 155 68 218 668 107 68 888 102 119 S82 63 353 261 186 45 934 606 499 2,442 17 29 1,647 86 29 63 279 996 4 82 966 690 49 302 724 4,303 27 1,124 379 2,430 792 2,339 10 26 100 14 12 60 260 466 91 135 40 503 197 170 120 population: 1880. Total. 16,863 19, 161 25,499 8,697 18, 920 23,241 15,099 16, 129 41,240 12, 861 23,010 16, 732 16, 712 35, 337 6,024 10, 722 36, 597 35,461 22,505 14,515 20,686 15, 542 27,628 13, 078 44,939 25,047 13,083 38,344 21, 296 70,403 13, 663 27,491 .38,460 26,037 27, 970 24,908 60,100 30,665 37,692 60, 126 23, 686 16, 066 16,242 10,443 13,024 19, 602 13,682 28,078 31, 614 13, 699 29, 937 55,365 16, 007 15, 683 33,761 13, 266 9,607 5,654 26,690 16,546 38, 302 61,806 15,940 52, 894 16,249 10,741 30,270 11, 207 31, 963 29,666 18,102 41,688 9,945 22,933 21,112 21, 291 23, 087 30, 885 63,42-.i 19,324 I 30, 606 21,620 I Negro. 110 60 182 83 25 40 110 30 68 675 96 128 43 162 164 n 132 247 1,628 331 66 133 660 76 76 972 78 319 64 300 366 144 51 687 352 434 2,701 NEGRO population: 1900. Both sexes 10 years and over. Total. 1 See explanatory notes on page < 24 1,703 64 .37 66 167 936 20 107 612 767 33 301 570 3,270 44 1,298 534 2,577 683 1,822 31 77 4 23 87 272 202 67 290 212 16 584 78 703 263 140 85 68 135 243 86 16 11 78 8 160 481 77 34 77 131 20 176 164 1,704 61 261 122 28 189 627 194 35 734 166 187 218 59 .446 268 149 4 861 646 247 2,208 380 88 12 1,650 96 120 19 202 971 48 1,309 556 44 244 504 4,377 14 1,107 12 522 3,269 630 2,468 6 24 66 6 58 21 168 915 44 310 63 5 419 41 1,061 466 209 Illiter- ates. 14 44 14 1 2 19 4 41 162 28 24 10 28 40 4 47 26 403 14 59 40 4 56 44 10 154 23 50 59 10 78 69 43 170 75 65 670 91 9 508 30 17 4 56 214 237 163 192 1,378 265 5 876 184 455 1 5 6 3 4 4 50 254 11 48 10 3 94 6 193 53 22 10 5 to 20 years, inclusive. Males, 26 148 21 12 10 21 45 9 26 34 386 20 66 28 3 52 94 43 14 96 18 41 41 6 173 58 28 1 159 80 40 97 21 4 462 21 23 5 46 198 Fe- males. 6 196 118 4 62 . 135 1,171 6 211 79 632 182 463 32 140 14 1 116 13 126 120 39 17 10 20 54 16 2 2 21 2 48 114 27 12 4 10 36 6 18 33 360 15 74' 33 2 45 109 27 5 141 37 34 64 10 35 67 32 207 127 67 501 83 19 . 1 387 20 17 5 62 181 187 136 5 72 Males 18 to 44 inclu- sive. 133 1,107 223 80 666 174 604 1 13 2 6 37 147 13 67 11 1 107 158 97 29 17 21 33 72 21 2 3 15 2 45 118 24 26 8 19 40 3 115 68 608 12 69 20 4 49 127 81 8 205 65 56 33 223 56 Males 21 years and over. Total. 7 284 141 65 669 118 24 2 421 27 68 5 46 261 1 11 535 160 21 52 113 1,218 5 466 4 203 1,101 140 756 2 6 16 2 44 5 44 370 12 79 12 2 110 14 527 187 73 46 100 31 6 28 6 57 162 11 26 46 4 106 76 662 23 11 67 185 90 13 297 72 74 79 26 173 91 63 12 "325 203 143 34 6 547 35 55 6 69 340 5 16 633 206 23 73 176 1,574 8 643 6 241 1,344 201 958 4 7 19 5 46 69 462 19 117 27 2 145 18 566 207 91 35 GENERAL TABLES. 199 Table 29.— TOTAL AND NEGRO POPULATIONIN 1900, 1890, AND 1880, AND NEGRO POPULATION IN 1900 DISTRIBUTED ACCORDING TO SCHOOL, MILITIA, AND VOTING AGES, AND ILLITERACY,' BY COUNTIES— Continued. Indian Territory . <3]ierokee nation . . Chickasaw nation. Choctaw nation . . . Creek nation Seminole nation Modoc reservation * . Ottawa reservation * . Peoriareservation*.. Quapa w reservation ' Seneca reservation * Shawnee reservation *. . . Wyandotte reservation *. Indiana Adams Allen Bartholomew Benton Blackford Boone . Brown., Carroll . Cass Clark.. Clay Clinton . . . Crawford . Daviess... Dearborn . Decatur .. Dekalb ... Delaware . Dubois Elkhart .. Fayette. . . Floyd Fountain . Franklin . Fulton ... Gibson Grant Greene Hamilton.. Hancock . .; Harrison Hendricks . . . Henry Howard Huntington . Jackson .. Jasper Jay Jefferson.. Jennings . Johnson . . . Enox Kosciusko . range. Lake Laporte ... Lawrence . Madison . . . Marion Marshall . . Martin Miami Monroe Montgomery . Morgan Newton . Noble... Ohio Orange . . Owen POPULATION: 1900. Total. 101,754 139, 260 99,781 40, 674 140 2,205 1,180 800 970 297 1,213 2,516,462 22,232 77,270 24, 594 13, 123 17, 213 26, 321 9,727 19,953 34,545 31,835 34,286 28,202 13,476 29,914 22, 194 19, 518 26, 711 49, 624 20,357 45,062 13, 496 30, 118 21,446 16,388 17,453 30, 099 64,693 28,530 29, 914 19, 189 21, 702 21, 292 25, 088 28,675 28, 901 26, 633 14,292 26, 818 22, 913 15,757 20,223 32, 746 29, 109 15,284 37,892 38,386 25,729 70,470 197,227 25,119 14,711 28,344 20,873 29,388 20, 467 10,448 23,533 4,724 16,854 15, 149 Negro. Total. 6,853 9,162 9,066 10, 123 7,520 981 57, 505 307 335 72 23 119 1 27 243 3,182 412 99 2 379 149 133 11 994 19 51 433 2,107 29 7 26 1,481 ■ 1, 366 133 594 114 358 364 472 546 12 228 6 146 868 374 418 612 30 9 41 269 435 1,179 17,536 15 217 80 428 282 106 6 143 194 108 Males. 19, 147 4,630 4,699 5,414 3,916 487 29,701 160 162 31 11 67 14 163 1,675 220 53 2 201 72 64 7 513 10 31 206 1,038 16 4 17 794 769 74 296 55 183 242 230 282 7 124 5 71 199 306 16 214 283 665 8,709 6 192 44 214 123 21 2 78 128 65 Fe- 17, 706 4,632 4,367 4,709 3,604 494 27,804 147 173 41 12 62 1 13 90 1,507 192 178 77 69 4 481 9 20 227 1,069 13 687 697 59 299 69 176 122 242 264 6 104 1 74 436 171 219 307 14 3 17 66 152 614 8,827 26 36 214 159 47 19 4 66 66 43 population: 1890. Total. 2 180, 182 66, 309 57, 329 43, 808 17, 912 2,739 84 137 227 154 255 79 2, 192, 404 20, 181 66, 689 23,867 ■ 11,903 10,461 26, 572 10, 308 20, 021 31,162 30, 259 30, 636 27, 370 13, 941 26, 227 23, 364 19, 277 24, 307 30, 131 20, 263 39, 201 12, 630 29,458 19, 658 18, 366 16, 746 24, 920 31, 493 24, 379 26,123 17, 829 20, 786 21, 498 23, 879 26, 186 27,644 24, 139 11,186 23,478 24, 507 - 14, 608 19,561 28,044 28,646 15,616 23, 886 34,446 19, 792 36, 487 141, 166 23, 818 13, 973 26,823 17,673 28, 025 18,643 23, 359 4,955 14, 678 15,040 Negro. 18, 636 6,127 3,676 4,-406 4,621 248 314 46 168 7 17 148 2,859 412 105 14 271 87 164 20 451 93 57 346 2,167 31 6 21 POPULATION; 1880. 1,2 866 169 660 92 5U 506 21 120 999 294 342 588 62 8 23 217 377 226 11,118 5 23 112 408 367 114 44 10 154 70 Total. Negro. m 16, 385 54,763 22, 777 11, 108 8,020 26,922 10, 264 18,345 -27,611 28,610 26,854 23,472 12, 366 21,562 26,671 19, 779 20,226 22, 926 15, 992 33,464 11, 394 24, 590 20,228 20,092 14,301 22, 742 23, 618 22, 996 24, 801 17, 123 21,326 22, 981 24, 016 19,584 21, 805 23, 050 9,464 19,282 25, 977 16,453 19, 637 26, 324 26,494 16, 630 16, 091 30, 985 18,543 • 27,527 102, 782 23, 414 13,475 24,083 15,875 27,316 18, 900 8,167 22, 966 5,563 14, 363 16, 901 m 39,228 2 169 138 6 17 42 197 2,636 65 2 307 57 NEGRO POPULATION: 1900. Both sexes 10 years and over. Total. 26,254 6,683 6,246 7,310 6,469 656 46, 972 246 266 61 20 92 1 19 209 2,533 329 90 2 280 108 Illiter- ates. 11, 242 2,499 2,876 3,487 2,072 235 95 6 9 213 828 58 17 28 46 242 354 1,652 1,708 108 26 12 6 23 24 1,027 1,133 867 1,078 250 106 762 477 101 92 350 280 402 305 679 381 404 442 7 12 344 196 6 165 120 944 696 408 295 365 322 629 479 49 28 16 7 2 36 249 255 336 374 126 989 8,038 14,703 9 12 22 215 135 70 345 362 427 238 150 86 86 31 47 5 206 116 149 175 127 85 1 37 866 82 7 1 46 43 31 1 139 79 431 7 2 11 248 163 29 111 4 75 67 2 11 1 13 165 62 61 73 1 1 3 65 135 205 3,071 2 6 to 20 years, inclusive. Males. 7,392 1,809 1,930 1,996 1,449 208 26 579 75 16 1 73 20 24 2 140 5 Fe- males. 7,490 1,994 1,872 1,936 1,473 215 9,378 57 73 20 4 16 1' 6 28 642 64 17 288 247 25 87 20 68 147 72 95 1 45 1 17 163 66 73 92 18 68 166 2,381 1 24 8 74 31 19 4 1 26 15 31 18 2 176 374 5 1 4 288 210 23 109 19 65 44 96 Males 18 to 44 years, inclu- sive. 7,640 1,745 1,722 2,386 1,588 198 90 61 18 7 426 30 143 64 108 4 14 40 163 2,651 4 5 10 81 64 19 6 2 24 21 15 103 790 84 21 1 77 27 275 1 20 96 431 9 1 12 306 298 28 106 23 66 68 95 116 5 47 4 28 171 109 77 136 4 1 17 153 173 417 4,384 6 156 18 79 49 23 Males 21 years and over. Total. 9,146 2,223 2,057 2,714 1,935 216 18, 186 102 78 20 11 9 119 935 128 34 1 102 42 33 4 326 6 25 • 124 588 12 4 17 419 447 43 186 32 95 78 139 164 6 70 4 49 240 130 107 191 12 3 21 192 201 448 6,643 5 167 1 63 33 6 123 36 85 13 34 5 16 2 1 42 7 107 5 28 5 1 See explanatory notes on page 99. 2 Includes 861 persons not located by nations or reservations. 3 No report for Indian Territory was made at the census of 1 4 Indian reservation. 200 NEGROES IN THE UNITED STATES. Table 29.— TOTAL AND NEGRO POPULATION IN 1900, 1890, AND 1880, AND NEGRO POPULATION IN 1900 DISTRIBUTED ACCORDING TO SCHOOL, MILITIA, AND VOTING AGES, AND ILLITERACY,' BY COUNTIES— Continued. Indiana— Continued. Parke Perry Pike , Porter Posey Pulaski Putnam ... Randolph . Kipley Kush St. Joseph . Scott Shelby .... Spencer . . . Starke Steuben Sullivan Switzerland . Tippecanoe.. Tipton Union Vanderburg . . . Vermilion Vigo Wabash Warren Warrick Washington . Wayne .. Wells.... White ... Whitley . Iowa . Adair Adams Allamakee . Appanoose . Audubon . . . Benton Blackhawk. Boone Bremer Buchanan . . . Buena Vista . Butler Calhoun Carroll Cedar Cerro Gordo . Cherokee Chickasaw . . Clarke Clay Clayton . . Clinton . . . Crawford . Dallas Davis Decatur Delaware... Des Moines. Dickinson . . Dubuque . Emmet . . . Fayette... Floyd Franklin . Fremont . Greene . . . Grundy. . . Guthrie... Hamilton. Hancock . Hardin . . . Harrison . Henry Howard . . POPULATION: 1900. Total. 23, 000 18, 778 20,486 19, 175 22,333 14,033 21,478 28,653 19,881 20,148 58,881 8,307 26,491 22,407 10,431 15,219 26,005 11,840 38,659 19, 116 6,748 71, 769 15,252 62,035 28,235 11, 371 22,329 19, 409 38, 970 23,449 19,138 17,328 2, 231, 863 16, 192 13, 601 18, 711 25,927 13,626 26,177 32, 399 28,200 16, 305 21,427 16, 975 17,955 18,569 20,319 21, 274 19, 371 20,672 16,570 17,037 12, 440 13,401 27,750 43,832 21,686 23,068 15, 620 18, 115 19,185 35, 989 7,996 56,403 9,936 29, 845 17,754 14, 996 18,546 17, 820 13,767 18,729 19,514 13, 762 22, 794 26,597 20,022 14,512 Negro. Total. 321 262 146 11 1,226 6 268 396 32 577 627 1 383 1,321 4 169 81 120 8,059 120 2,253 151 24 716 6 12, 693 13 28 16 368 3 22 22 235 6 26 182 15 23 58 1 428 4 118 7 89 15 6 64 11 3 7 40 56 39 367 15 Males. 155 125 88 4 647 4 ■124 223 19 300 364 1 199 670 37 202 66 4,083 69 1,167 76 13 385 2 684 2 6 Fe- males. 7 14 8 196 2 15 11 129 5 14 2 1 3 22 6 28 33 11 3 42 31 26 1 220 75 2 51 7 4 34 7 2 3 23 4 46 19 176 166 127 58 7 579 2 134 173 13 277 184 651 1 4 73 44 184 4 54 3,976 61 1,086 76 11 718 1 6 26 5,818 6 14 8 172 1 7 11 106 1 12 208 1 20 191 POPULATION: 1890. Total. 20, 296 18,240 18, 544 18, 062 21, 529 11,233 22, 385 28,085 19,360 19,034 42,457 7,833 25,464 22, 060 7,339 14,478 21,877 12,514 36,078 18,157 7,006 69,«09 13,164 50,196 27, 126 10, 955 21, 161 18,619 37,628 21, 614 15,671. 17, 768 n, 912, 297 Negro. 14,534 12, 292 17,907 18,961 12,412 24, 178 24,219 23,772 14, 630 18,997 13,548 15, 463 13, 107 18,828 19, 646 18,263 14,864 15, 659 15,019 11, 332 26,733 41, 199 18, 894 20,479 15,268 15,643 17,349 35,324 4,328 49, 848 4,274 23, 141 15,424 12,871 16,842 15, 797 13,216 17,380 15, 319 7,621 19, 003 21,356 18,896 11,182 366 253 56 .11 1,193 367 606 74 534 340 1 313 6 ■ 182 136 352 19 161 6,080 47 1,720 141 15 614 1,370 10, 685 population: 1880. Total. 22 46 12 145 11 209 16 37 60 66 2 381 1 133 4 75 4 43 11 15 29 19 2 80 26 411 10 19,460 16, 997 16, 383 17, 227 20, 857 9,851 22, 501 '26,436 21,627 19,238 33, 178 . 8,343 25,267 22, 122 5,105 14, 645 20,336 18,336 36,966 14, 407 7,673 42, 193 12,025 46,658 25, 241 11, 497 20,162 18, 955 38,613 18,442 13,795 16,941 11, 667 11,888 19,791 16,636 7,448 24,888 23,913 20,838 14,081 18,646 7,637 14,293 6,696 12,361 16,943 18, 936 11, 461 8,240 14,634 11, 513 4,248 28,829 36, 763 12,413 18,746 16,468 15,336 17, 960 83,099 1,901 42, 996 1,550 22,258 14, 677 10,249 17, 652 12,727 12, 639 14, 394 11,252 3,453 17,807 16,649 20,986 10,837 Negro. 208 27 4 676 591 167 560 279 10 287 1,492 146 214 304 58 144 3,843 74 1,506 254 19 619 1,710 5 6 108 9,516 20 37 251 6 29 1 31 2 10 21 63 23 2 58 2 1 187 23 53 60 129 2 425 1 V 156 3 122 5 12 59 16 111 13 609 19 NEGEO POPULATION: 1900. Both sexes 10 years and over. Total. 260 200 113 6 205 300 28 464 622 1 306 1,046 4 7 138 73 309 7 86 6,691 88 1,799 122 14 583 4 1,162 3 8 49 10, 689 Illiter- 11 276 3 21 17 201 6 18 45 51 14 3 60 2 3 150 12 19 49 49 1 367 4 53 58 68 28 2 332 1 30 40 7 29 "78 300 37 24 57 1 20 1,784 157 1 219 2 2 1,962 6 to 20 years, inclusive. Males. 9 1 See explanatory notes on page 99. 2 Includes 4 persons (out oJ a total ot 401 persons specially enumerated in 1890) 12 not distributed 2 198 1 40 86 7 100 104 78 242 25 1,242 14 25 3 156 Fe- males. 64 45 27 2 220 64 239 208 18 1 23 16 59 1 20 1,353 23 376 27 6 125 2 240 1 3 7 66 18 to 44 years, mdu- 65 41 44 1 316 40 68 10 111 200 1 79 267 Males 21 years and over. •Total. ™*«''- 2 46 17 101 2 21 2,157 35 5 146 2 276 2 2 14 3,373 15 103 1 37 2 22 2 2 16 64 45 1 391 72 110 U 166 231 1 104 2 60 24 121 2,506 .44 721 41 6 188 2 441 2 4 22 4,441 4 6 2 112 2 14 7 83 4 7 • 2 1 2 7 4 18 1 145 8 20 4 5 2 2 2 1 11 1 2 5 14 4 123 30 6 by countiee. GENERAL TABLES. 201 Table 29 — TOTAL AND NEGEO POPULATION IN 1900, 1890, AND 1880, AND NEGKO POPULATION IN 1900 DISTRIBUTED ACCORDING TO SCHOOL, MILITIA, AND VOTING AGES, AND ILLITERACY,' BY COUNTIES— Continued. population: 1900. ^ popdlation: 1890. population: 1880. NEGKO POPULATION: 1900. COUNTY. Total. Negro. Total. Negro. Total. Negro. Both sexes 10 years and over. 6 to 20 years, inclusive. Males 18 to 44 years, inclu- sive. Males 21 years and over. Total. Males. Fe- males. Total. Illiter- ates. Males. Fe- males. Total. Illiter- ates. Iowa— Continued . 12,667 12,327 19,54* 23,616 26,976 17,437 24, 817 21,954 24,979 22,720 39,719 55,392 13,516 16,126 13,165 17,710 34,273 24, 159 29,991 16,764 14,916 17,980 17,985 17,803 28,242 16,985 8,725 24,187 14,354 22,209 15,339 82,624 54,336 19,414 16,325 17,639 51,558 . 17,932 23,337 23,159 24,585 18,784 19,928 17,364 36,426 20,376 20,718 17, 491 31,757 12, 725 23,731 54,610 10,887 18,227 1,470,495 2 3 2 1 190 71 62 68 .33 3 1,632 268 8 194 1 2 1 1 96 41 31 39 23 2 830 122 4 116 1 1 1 94' 30 31 19 10 1 802 136 4 79 9,836 10,705 18,270 22,771 24, 943 15,184 23,082 20, 233 23,862 13, 120 37,715 46, 303 11,873 14,563 8,680 15,977 28,805 23,058 25,842 14,548 13,299 14, 515 13,666 15,848 24,604 13, 060 6,674 21, 341 9,318 19, 668 9,553 65,410 47,430 18, 394 13,656 14,522 43,164 17, 611 18,370 18,127 22,048 16,384 16,900 16,253 30,426 18,269 18,468 15,670 21,582 7,325 22, 628 56, 632 9,247 12, 067 21,428,108 4 1 2 13 104 57 58 34 24 12 1,666 234 25 319 11 1,592 38 • 136 21 8 23 202 38 177 1 ""'234' 8 9 "i,'i94' 327 66 ""'274' 1 46 96 68 130 658 54 75 20 43 10 366 22 2 49,710 5,341 4,382 19,221 23,771 25,963 17,469 25,429 21,052 21,268 6,178 34,859 37,237 13,142 14,630 1,968 17,224 25,202 26,111 23,762 14,137 14, 363 9,056 13, 719 15,895 23, 170 4,166 2,219 19,667 4,131 8,566 8,713 42,395 39,850 18,936 12,085 8,774 41,266 12, 696 5,426 16, 906 21,685 16,636 14,980 17,043 25,285 19, 578 , 20,374 16,127 16,961 4,917 23, 938 14,996 7,963 5,062 996,096 2 '"'is' 9 121 72 105 36 16 1 1,679 207 66 40 2 3 2 1 155 57 61 54 30 2 1,392 216 6 166 1 1 2 1 2 1 1 68 24 22 33 14 1 649 82 2 83 Ida .^ 2 1 1 30 14 9 7 6 1 31 13 6 4 9 28 13 7 7 2 40 20 13 27 9 1 386 64 1 71 14 5 3 4 2 374 22 1 38 231 32 2 25 237 41 2 36 186 10 22 4 1,737 44 167 44 15 6 563 51 146 4 960 19 82 21 8 2 342 26 73 '"'777' 25 86 23 7 4 211 26 73 10 624 44 97 24 5 88 258 113 179 13 '"'247' 4 1,374 33 147 33 10 4 448 39 119 1 284 6 25 10 3 2 408 5 37 7 1 1 195 12 31 4 535 9 62 12 4 1 236 19 64 1 343 6 15 9 3 316 13 28 7 4 1 74 6 26 127 2 Marshall 13 Mills 2 Miteliell s 110 8 21 89 4 13 65 5 11 1 232 1 122 ""iio' 1 193 1 61 1 69 36 41 41 17 1 1 6 1 1 1 Polk 2,041 271 51 3 6 496 10 1 3 23 74 102 102 793 68 69 10 116 2 19 292 13 12 52,003 1,077 163 30 2 4 263 7 1 3 14 36 68 52 439 41 36 7 70 1 13 168 7 10 26,542 964 118. 21 1 2 233 8 9 38 34 50 354 27 33 3 46 1 6 134 6 2 25,461 672 614 62 16 '"'266' 13 1 9 32 130 90 123 460 63 95 22 8 1 13 178 9 43, 107 1,764 231 40 3 4 422 9 1 3 21 62 90 71 669 54 58 8 94 2 18 249 10 11 41,385 224 45 6 271 41 6 313 26 6 602 72 12 2 2 143 3 1 3 8 13 47 16 226 22 13 4 38 746 104 20 2 3 176 5 110 20 4 Sac - 49' 1 3 13 20 18 133 8 10 1 12 1 63 2 1 1 7 10 12 16 136 10 9 1 67 4 9 10 14 124 7 12 2i Shelby 1 2 7 23 62 27 274 26 24 5 43 1 11 109 2 8 14, 695 Taylor 7 6 74 4 23 26 32' 9,230 1 42 4' 1 9,379 4 32 4 9,499 9 84 4 7 10,717 Worth 4,122 Allen 19,507 13,938 386 313 213 150 173 163 13,609 14,203 394 288 11,303 9,057 3 26,668 2,661 10,318 19,591 12,817 191 18,686 6,081 11,072 21,906 37 163 12,320 15,343 11,438 372 21,538 16,851 4,180 16,251 14,257 21,700 360 186 316 263 61 • 49 85 41 67 61 83 66 115 103 23 26 Arapahoe ■"'28,' 606' 6,594 13,784 24,712 22,369 "2," 929" 55 286 1,489 488 1,516 , 35 147 739 249 1,413 20 139 750 239 26,758 7,973 13,172 28,575 20,319 3,001 30 329 2,272 422 3,410 8 296 1,716 263 2,409 38 222 1,196 368 533 6 37 240 69 650 17 61 300 94 636 8 66 281 89 608 13 63 248 96 841 13 83 362 121 240 4 Barber Barton 16 96 28 Brown Butler ""23,'363' 8,246 11,804 42,694 2,640 1,701 15,833 18,071 16,643 1,619 30,156 38, 809 9,234 21,816 13,079 25,096 ""157" 177 184 1,956 82 90 90 1,046 75 87 94 910 24,066 8,233 12,297 27, 770 4,401 2,357 16, 146 19,295 15,866 2,549 34,478 30,286 8,414 22,273 13,535 1 23,961 105 178 224 1,342 6' 207 34 189 32 622 426 10 168 767 3,076 69 119 144 1,861 115 128 133 1,529 11 15 24 407 35 33 33 361 29 41 39 363 27 38 29 474 41 46 49 698 4 Chase . 9 15 191 Cherokee Cheyenne Clark 6 181 61 146 2' 89 35 65 4 92 26 80 4 119 41 433 3 221 100 1 81 914 3,217 4 148 44 125 1 28 11 28 33 13 19 1 35 6 27 1 36 16 24 2 62 18 41 Clay 12 4 11 CofEey '"'685' 1,667 10 228 813 2,794 '"'359' 938 7 117 428 1,352 326 719 3 111 '386 1,442 642 1,312 9 167 641 2,248 105 347 2 10 154 666 120 257 2 45 162 491 109 272 60 139 538 149 657 2 42 163 450 201 693 5 56 226 723 36 186 1 5 68 227 Douelas i-See explanatory notes on page 99. « Includes 1,012 persons specially enumerated in 1890, but not distributed by counties. 202 NEGROES IN THE UNITED STATES. Table 29 — TOTAL AND NEGRO POPULATION IN 1900, 1890, AND 1880, AND NEGRO POPULATION IN 1900 DISTRIBUTED ACCORDING TO SCHOOL, MILITIA, AND VOTING AGES, AND ILLITERACY,' BY COUNTIES— Continued. Kansas— Continued. Edwards Elk Ellis ^. Ellsworth Finney Poote Ford Franklin . Garfield .. Geary Gove Graham . Grant Gray Greeley. . Greenwood . Hamilton... Harper Harvey Haskell Hodgeman . Jacl^on Jefferson ... Jewell Johnson Kearny . . . Kingman . Kiowa Labette. -- ■Lane ....'. Leavenworth. Lincoln Linn Logan Lyon McPherson . Marion Marshall ... Meade Miami Mitchell , Montgomery , Morris , Morton , Nemaha Neosho . Ness Norton . Osborne . Otttfwa Pawnee Phillips Pottawatomie . Pratt Bawlins . . Reno Republic . Eice Riley Rooks .. Rush ... Russell . Saline . . Scott ... Sedgwick. Sequoyah , Seward Shawnee . . Sheridan . . Sherman . Smith .... Stafford... Stanton... Stevens... Sumner Thomas TrCKO Wabaunsee . Wallace POPULATION: 1900. Total. 3,682 11,443 9,626 3,469 5,497 21,354 10, 744 2,441 5,173 422 1,264 16, 196. 1,426 10,310 17, 591 457 2,032 17, 117 17,533 19,420 18, 104 1,107 10, 663 2,365 27, 387 1,663 40, 940 9,886 16,689 1,962 •26, 074 21,421 20,676 24,355 1,681 21,641 14,647 29,039 11, 967 304 20,376 19, 254 4,535 11,325 23,659 11,844 11, 182 6,084 14,442 18,470 7,086 6,241 29, 027 18, 248 14, 745 13, 828 7,960 6,134 8,489 17, 076 1,098 Negro. Total. 158 110 822 63, 727 3,819 3,341 16,384 9,829 327 620 26,631 4,112 2,722 12, 813 1,178 66 696 381 52 278 125 177 688 7 810 1 60 4,498 37 628 15 973 30 111 266 6 1,015 406 17 278 523 118 84 , 85 116 226 163 491 12 142 344 97 9 67 437 4 5,889 10 1 170 240 5 24 767 20 Males. 31 341 19 256 11 1 36 4 27 144 66 86 346 3 397 6 846 2,465 18 329 7 495 21 57 135 4 544 21 771 209 9 Fe- males. 355 'm 14 275 31 2 25 184 POPCLATION: 1890. 91 342 4 413 27 4 892 19 299 8 478 54 131 2 471 45 822 196 24 276 58 41 44 60 113 85 273 8 74 178 50 4 36 225 746 2 2,877 5 4 128 14 396 14 247 60 43 41 56 113 78 218 4 47 5 32 212 744 2 1,012 112 6 , 10 361 11 Total. 3,600 12,216 7,942 9,272 3,360 6,'308 20,279 881 10,423 2,994 6,029 1,808 2,415 1,264 16,309 2,027 13,266 17, 601 1,077 2,395 14, 626 16, 620 19,349 • 17, 385 1,671 11,823 2,873 27,586 2,060 9,709 17,215 8,384 23,196 21, 614 20,539 23,912 2,642 19,614 16,037 23,104 11,381 724 19, 249 18, 561 4,944 10,617 25,062 12,083 12, 681 6,204 13, 661 17, 722 8,118 6,766 27, 079 19, 002 14, 451 13, 183 8,018 5,204 7,333 17,442 1,262 43, 626 Negro. 1,503 49, 172 3,733 6,261 15, 613 8,520 1,031 1,418 30, 271 5,638 2,635 11, 720 2,468 6 66 126 62 51 863 5 377 37 529 45 9 168 57 82 275 155 208 661 15 2,045 4,465 42 777 25 1,031 60 160 286 26 937 ■ 50 917 497 7 213 678 106 72 144 167 260 179 population: 1880. Total. 2,409 10,623 6,179 8,494 411 3,122 16, 797 6,994 1,196 4,258 3 10,648 168 4,133 11, 451 354 27 118 330 61 5 64 460 5 6,112 19 2 190 2 19 177 6 41 717 1,704 10, 718 15, 563 17,475 16,853 159 3,713 22,735 601 32, 355 8,582 15,298 Negro. 56 21 68 107 10 "484 129 165 790 18 17,326 17, 143 12, 463 16,136 296 17, 802 14,911 18,213 9,265 9 12, 462 15, 121 3, 722 6,998 19,642 12, 617 10,307 5,396 12,014 16, 350 1,890 1,623 12,826 14, 913 9,292 10,430 8,112 5,490 7,361 13,808 43 18, 753 668 5 29,093 1,667 13 13, 883 4,756 5 12 20,812 161 2,536 8,756 686 2 '2,'i79' 4,970 , 65 815 NEGEO population: 1900. Both sexes 10 years and over. Total. 53 126 96 48 554 307 27 402 ■ 9 1 44 6 41 216 96 133 536 7 621 1 50 9 1,316 Illiter- ates. 4 131 78 1 6 to 20 years, inclusive. Males. 18 9 130 76 7 107 34 21 22 122 1,027 49 97 231 41 684 532 75 374 32 571 61 68 32 117 233 77 16 57 824 56 6 34 280 268 '6,'366 15 123 104 ' See explanatory notes on page ! 25 646 7 3,704 28 490 15 773 22 81 209 3 790 51 1,207 312 16 203 213 29 387 90 69 67 102 182 123 11 109 261 71 6 47 356 4 4,779 6 1 129 200 4 20 564 12 169 1 6 1 13 94 1 150 4 13 28 1 229 5 256 81 4 48 977 1 Fe- males. 18 14 140 57 6 121 1 128 22 31 141 1 152 1 15 1 790 2 132 199 11 20 62 1 201 6 283 79 60 13 107 21 13 16 22 38 29 130 2 21 60 19 2 1 1,060 2 4 155 3 29 38 148 1 171 Males 18 to 44 years, inclu- sive. 16 12 112 Males 21 years and over. Total. 17 179 697 9 113 3 186 2 1,069 1 145 4 19 30 114 1 126 1 12 . 1 275 1,121 8 118 6 166 10 308 70 6 43 115 5 360 1 1,070 7 146 5 122 11 124 14 45 177 2 213 15 4 417 1,491 15 172 7 265 32 63 3 287 13 394 106 8 56 76 134 32 26 26 35 63 48 24 2 19 112 459 1 1,549 196 5 GENERAL TABLES. 203 Table 29.— TOTAL AND NEGRO POPULATION IN 1900, 1890, AND 1880, AND NEGEO POPULATION IN 1900 DISTRIBUTED ACCORDING TO SCHOOL, MILITIA, AND VOTING AGES, AND ILLITERACY,' BY COUNTIES— Continued. Kansas — Continued. Washington Wichita Wilson Woodson Wyandotte Kentucky . Adair Allen Anderson. Ballard... Barren Bath Bell Boone . . . Bourbon. Boyd .... Boyle Bracken Breathitt Breckinridge - Bullitt...;.... Butler — Caldwell . Calloway . Campbell. Carlisle... Carroll , Carter . . Christian . Clark Clay Clinton Crittenden . . Cumberland. Edmonson. Elliott EstiU Fayette Heming . . . Floyd Franklin . Fulton ... Gallatin . . Garrard .. Grant Grayes Grayson . . Green Greenup.. Hancock . Hardin . . . Harlan . . . Harrison . Hart Henderson . Henry HickiQan . . . Hopkins Jackson Jefferson .. Jessamine . Johnson . . . Kenton Knott Knox Larue Laurel Lawrence . Lee Leslie .. Letcher Lewis .. Lincoln POPULATION: 1900. Total. 21,963 1,197 15,621 10,022 73,227 14,888 14, 657 10, 051 10, 761 23,197 14, 734 15,701 11,170 18,069 18,834 13,817 12,137 14,322 20, 534 9,602 15, 896 14, 510 17, 633 54,223 10, 195 9,825 20,228 15,144 37, 962 16, 694 15,364 7,871 15, 191 8,962 38,667 ■ 10,080 10,387 11,669 42,071 17,074 15,552 20,852 11,546 5,163 12,042 13, 239 33,204 19, 878 12,255 15, 432 8,914 22,937 9,838 18,570 18, 390 32, 907 14, 620 11,745 30, 995 10, 661 232, 549 11,925 13, 730 63. 591 8,704 17, 372' 10,764 17. 592 19,612 7,988 6,753 9,172 17, 868 17, 059 Negro. Total. 40 66 8, 923 Livingston 11, §54 Logan Lyon MoCracken . McLean Madison 25, 994 9,319 28,733 12,448 26,607 1,694 1,098 994 1,502 3,787 1,692 1,764 810 6,792 771 4,781 672 299 2,096 1,094 725 2,775 1,258 680 638 804 143 604 14,597 5,177 564 175 876 922 5,554 462 2 223 15,409 1,685 136 4,348 2,838 665 2; 946 427 3,345 428 1,739 272 644 2,071 226 2,421 2,220 8,804 1,930 2,123 6,118 19 43, 916 3,349 1 3,282 169 764 782 654 185 271 76 46 175 3,612 778 6,738 1,932 7,283 874 6,690 Males. 21 36 4,442 Fe- males. 11 19 31 4,481 763 661 511 790 1,858 967 461 3,296 2,341 296 161 1,088 571 374 1,378 620 260 342 409 80 258 8,142 2,664 280 91 434 458 2,765 228 1 114 7,181 794 70 2,400 1,559 295 1,473 220 1,696 216 835 130 316 1,021 110 1,171 1,124 4,616 967 1,096 2,662 10 21, 430 1,692 1 1,562 95 379 388 349 99 144 44 23 90 1,712 3,434 1,135 3,605 476 3,273 population: 1890. 831 637 483 712 1,929 799 787 369 3,496 373 2,440 277 138 1,008 523 351 1,397 638 395 63 246 8,455 2,523 284 84 442 464 2,789 224 1 109 8,228 791 66 1,948 1,279 270 1,473, 207 1,650 213 904 142 328 1,050 116 1,260 1,096 4,288 963 1,028 2,456 22, 486 1,657 1,730 74 375 394 305 86 127 31 23 85 1,800 3,304 797 3,678 399 3,417 Total. 22, 894 1,827 15,286 9,021 54,407 1,858,635 77 75 6,936 268,071 Negro. 13, 721 13, 692 10, 610 8,890 21, 490 12, 813 10, 312 12,246 16, 976 14, 033 12,948 12, 369 8,705 18, 976 8,291 13,956 13, 186 14, 675 44,208 7,612 9,266 17, 204 11,848 34. 118 15,434 12, 447 7,047 13. 119 8,452 33,120 8,005 9,214 10,836 35, 698 16, 078 11,256 21,267 10, 005 4,611 11, 138 12, 671 28, 634 18, 688 11, 463 11, 911 9,214 21, 304 6,197 16, 914 16,439 29, 536 14, 164 11,637 23,505 8,261 11, 248 11,027 64,161 5,438 13, 762 9,433 13, 747 17,702 6,205 3,964 6,920 14,803 15,962 9,474 23, 812 7,628 21, 051 9,887 24,348 population: 1880. Total. 1,828 1,042 1,063 1,412 3,724 1,578 740 1,112 6,797 705 4,809 646 169 2,080 1,048 773 2,736 1,092 767 137 616 15, 231 4,826 413 188 930 996 6,367 458 27 581 13,625 ll62o 136 4,757 2,208 497 3,024 3,164 489 1,891 338 758 2,347 154 2,467 2,002 8,219 2,365 1,768 8,433 64 33,595 3,706 84 2,667 73 778 791 655 176 459 32 75 177 3,574 741 6,560 1,317 6,703 786 7,399 14, 910 14 13,776 6,636 19, 143 77 56 4,676 271,451 13,078 12, 089 9,361 14, 378 22,321 11, 982 6,055 11, 996 15, 956 12,165 11, 930 13, 509 7,742 17,486 8,621 12,181 11,282 13, 296 37, 440 Negro. 2,171 1,069 1,069 1,725 4,941 2,017 181 1,232 7,314 666 4,737 816 185 2,204 1,307 820 2,187 1,215 441 8,953 12,346 10, 983 31, 682 12, 116 10,222 7,212 11, 688 8,894 27, 730 7,222 6,567 9,860 29,023 15, 221 10, 176 18, 699 7,977 4,832 11, 704 13, 083 24, 138 15, 784 11, 871 13, 371 22,564 6,278 16, 504 17, 133 24,515 14, 492 10, 651 19, 122 6,678 146,010 10, 864 9,155 43, 983 35 63 7,226 219, 720 771 371 608 14, 639 4,186 706 311 1,151 1,567 4,854 655 43 511 12,974 1,575 199 4,860 1,605 647 3,696 733 2,851 407 2,408 439 3,282 114 2,932 2,839 7,672 2,869 1,964 2,710 46 25, 595 4,401 103 2,528 NEGRO population: 1900. Both sexes 10 years and over. Total. 10,587 9,793 9,131 13,262 4,254 3,740 6,601 13, 164 15, 080 9,165 24, 358 6,768 16, 262 9,293 22,052 662 1,047 267 241 230 28 142 229 3,908 1,034 7,381 1,488 4,383 848 7,288 Illiter- ates. 11 1 1,766 88,137 1,145 808 766 1,106 2,696 1,257 1,283 605 6,352 630 3,754 440 202 1,627 765 532 2,030 900 480 457 619 109 376 12, 055 4,270 126 663 641 2 160 12,596 1,175 95 3,693 2,151 426 2,184 334 2,460 321 1,178 205 458 1,559 135 1,947 1,658 6,742 1,452 1,685 3,922 13 37,296 2,558 1 2,739 110 534 678 . 463 142 199 47 27 130 2,602 572 4,913 1,461 5,901 662 4,899 5 to 20 years, inclusive. Males. 14 1,425 51,643 486 364 317 441 1,071 656 495 289 2,733 190 ll572 173 75 613 187 916 468 131 182 208 47 164 6,766 1,638 174 70 269 304 1,740 119 2 65 4,846 483 43 1,799 1,024 197 903 147 898 112 463 79 193 669 56 741 579 2,736 742 569 1,463 12 11, 939 1,000 1 962 74 325 128 55 54 36 20 64 1,113 205 1,963 647 2,347 262 1,883 332 242 188 306 766 341 298 176 1,184 124 866 101 66 473 220 142 582 265 81 114 144 24 111 3,220 120 45 •176 198 1,053 Fe- males. 7 13 1,678 62, 969 95 45 2,467 673 570 114 573 79 667 86 356 46 124 357 45 418 391 426 963 349 222 177 306 770 293 153 1,237 120 891 111 50 420 218 145 682 272 106 120 158 26 99 3,474 905 114 31 186 191 1,066 Males 18 to 44 years, inclu- sive. 11 14 2,022 59,635 96 453 36 143 147 136 38 55 22 9 32 664 144 1,388 405 1,210 184 1,306 46 2,730 296 27 695 512 119 604 80 671 88 393 47 133 408 52 464 460 1,613 384 391 971 6 6,626 681 566 23 161 152 126 31 51 13 13 30 767 157 1,295 352 1,256 164 1,376 250 205 219 346 620 317 537 147 1,369 215 902 109 66 354 190 139 634 246 108 159 183 35 95 3,002 1,219 27 157 160 1,141 Males 21 years and over. Total. 73 46 3,187 282 748 93 514 74 640 74 269 40 94 412 358 1,929 340 463 1,229 3 11, 608 661 17 19 2,631 74,728 759 147 140 134 42 64 17 12 28 608 161 1,254 671 1,795 . 201 1,167 315 248 260 394 437 641 220 1,781 241 1,242 158 74 466 258 182 622 267 147 178 221 47 114 3,810 1,565 116 37 211 193 Illiter- ates. 4 """'74i 36, 990 187 140 130 199 440 249 222 136 1,116 675 74 32 241 136 387 168 50 76 92 29 63 2,416 676 65 27 111 112 722 98 53 1 1 66 29 4,087 1,873 384 211 31 17 1,592 912 806 434 139 81 695 388 115 63 778 349 101 46 360 178 66 36 147 88 633 279 38 18 644 314 500 247 2,332 1,169 466 311 540 233 1,396 634 2 2 13,967 5,126 868 436 1 1 969 396 40 20 186 85 190 131 157 59 49 25 70 23 16 12 9 6 48 27 826 487 197 88 1,690 806 604 323 2,093 916 237 127 1,510 768 1 See explanatory notes on page S 204 NEGROES IN THE UNITED STATES. Table 29 — TOTAL AND NEGRO POPUXATION IN 1900, 1890, AND 1880, AND NEGEO POPULATION IN 1900 DISTRIBUTED ACCORDING TO SCHOOL, MILITIA, AND VOTING AGES, AND ILLITERACY,' BY COUNTIES— Continued. Kentucky — Continued, Magoffin Marion Marshall "... Martin Mason Meade . . . Menifee . Mercer . . Metcalfe. Monroe.. Montgomery . Morgan Muhlenberg.. Nelson Nicholas Ohio Oldham . . . Owen Owsley . Pendleton. Perry Pike Powell Pulaski Robertson . . Rockcastle . Rowan Russell Scott Shelby Simpson Spencer Taylor Todd Trigg Trimble Union Warren Washington . Wayne Webster ... Whitley ... Wolfe Woodford . Louisiana . Acadia Ascension . . , Assumption . Avoyelles ... Bienville Caddo Calcasieu . Caldwell . Cameron . Catahoula Claiborne Concordia DeSoto East Baton Rouge . East Carroll . . . East Feliciana. Franklin Grant Iberia Iberville... Jackson . . . Jefferson . . Lafayette.. Lafourche . Lincoln Livingston .. Madison Morehouse . . Natchitoches ,216 II 19,544 1 See explanatory notes on page 99. Includes 1 person specially enumerated in 1890, but not credited to any county. GENERAL TABLES. 205 Table 29.— TOTAL AND NEGRO POPULATION IN 1900, 1890, AND 1880, AND NEGRO POPULATION IN 1900 DISTRIBUTED ACCORDING TO SCHOOL, MILITIA, AND VOTING AGES, AND ILLITERACY,' BY COUNTIES— Continued. popdlation: 1900. population; 1890. population: 1880. NEGKO POPULATION: 1900. COUNTY. Total. Negro. Total. Negro. Total. Negro. Both sexes 10 years and over. 8 to 20 years, inclusive. Males 18 to 44 years, inclu- sive. Males 21 years and over. Total. Males. Fe- males. Total. Illiter- ates. Males. Fe- males. Total. Illiter- ates. Louisiana— Continued. 287,104 20,947 13,039 25,777 39,578 11,548 11,116 16,421 6,031 9,072 8,479 20,197 12,330 52,906 18,940 34,145 13,336 17,625 19,070 24,464 18,520 20,705 10,327 9,628 15,126 10,286 3,686 15,994 9,648 694,466 77, 714 13,098 7,276 19,174 21,210 7,471 7,892 3,002 2,197 6,102 4,583 11,356 7,184 26,658 8,883 20,264 4,889 5,375 17,839 10,312 6,967 3,747 1,279 2,776 8,262 7,934 2,128 13,781 1,681 1,319 36,129 6,289 3,716 9,676 10,715 3,755 3,862 1,493 1,168 3,227 2,240 5,966 3,746 13,247 4,466 10,373 2,520 2,702 8,820 6,258 3,476 1,867 709 1,449 4,123 3,981 1,047 6,704 811 670 42,686 6,809 3,560 9,499 10,495 3,716 4,030 1,609 1,039 2,875 2,343 6,390 3,439 13,411 4,417 9,891 2,369 2,673 9,019 6,054 3,491 1,880 570 1,327 4,139 3,963 1,081 7,077 870 649 242,039 17,985 12,541 19,613 27,642 11,318 10,230 9,390 4,326 7,737 8,062 16,715 11,359 40,260 14,884 22,416 10,160 12,656 16,647 20,167 17,304 14,234 5,903 6,700 12,466 8,363 3,'748 15, 062 7,082 661,086 64,491 12,344 7,258 14,917 15,800 7,760 7,213 2,067 1,977 5,751 4,589 9,997 6,637 22,274 7,821 14,395 3,702 4,698 15,492 9,699 7,403 2,899 540 2,062 7,289 5,964 2,310 12,786 1,010 1,190 216, 090 14,685 11, 575 17,786 23,563 8,673 8,440 7,344 4,405 7,161 7,504 14,714 9,686 40,004 12,663 19,891 6,887 9,638 17,818 17,967 13,526 8,728 5,160 5,190 10,006 7,667 2,776 12,809 5,846 648,936 57,617 10,180 7,214 12,999 13, 942 6,066 5,279 1,847 2,288 6,746 4,176 9,862 8,792 19,399 6,876 13,115 2,596 4,014 16,237 • 9,111 6,512 1,967 377 1,712 6,683 6,418 1,437 10,622 1,047 1,451 62,570 9,482 6,195 13,447 14,369 6,148 6,406 1,979 1,689 4,522 3,074 8,292 5,209 17,848 5,820 14,580 3,425 3,647 13,178 7,299 4,435 2,474 925 1,767 5,426 5,779 1,481 9,625 1,042 1,091 22,586 6,661 3,314 9,769 7,928 3,958 2,961 1,178 992 2,382 2,200 4,920 3,327 14,514 4,728 8,424 1,618 1,827 9,108 4,386 2,912 1,828 422 946 3,182 3,660 866 6,647 634 166 11, 711 2,460 1,486 3,878 4,466 1,844 1,692 648 394 1,184 1,086 2,229 1,418 5,815 2,052 3,963 1,036 1,202 3,329 2,048 1,687 879 234 693 1,836 1,488 400 2,870 391 172 13,571 2,674 1,500 3,916 4,381 1,591 1,678 700 411 1,062 1,145 2,188 1,326 5,803 1,962 4,174 973 1,226 3,430 2,076 1,564 841 246 617 1,798 1,523 453 3,057 380 197 16, 019 2,861 1,340 3,698 3,829 1,370 1,356 628 604 1,191 671 2,423 1,539 4,202 1,396 4,271 1,004 920 3,288 1,980 1,076 620 405 463 1,318 1,633 381 2,389 249 294 19,809 2,936 1,718 4,361 4,473 1,606 1,664 694 623 1,667 789 2,981 1,868 6,104 1,696 6,038 1,163 1,070 4,364 2,485 1,226 691 388 470 1,554 1,991 480 2,806 271 445 7,125 2,023 1,036 3,032 2,475 1,196 867 371 364 983 557 1,891 1,320 4,063 1,367 St Mary 3,036 609 677 2,962 1,868 ■792 805 185 291 Webster 900 1,250 264 1,939 162 77 54,242 60,744 100,689 18,444 37,241 59,117 30,406 19, 669 32,238 76, 246 16,949 20,330 33,849 24,185 45,232 64,886 1,188,044 64 49 410 32 62 122 97 27 22 222 6 81 2 16 65 53 235, 064 28 33 202 19 30 67 83 15 14 115 3 31 9' 32 29 115,617 36 16 208 13 22 66 44 12 8 107 2 60 2 7 33 24 119, 447 48,968 49, 689 90,949 17,053 37, 312 57,012 31,473 21,996 30,686 72,865 16,134 19,452 32, 627 27,759 44,482 62,829 1,042,390 71 37 417 9 56 126 80 26 20 82 19 99 2 18 75 54 215,657 46,042 41,700 86,369 18,180 38, 129 . 53,058 32,863 24,821 32,627 70,476 14,872 19. 272 ,52,333 32, 463 44,484 62,257 934, 943 75 40 818 9 36 129 117 40 15 109 7 140 7 24 131 54 210,230 60 40 334 30 48 107 79 22 17 168 6 71 2 14 53 51 179,362 7 18 36 5 5 12 4 2 1 21 1 26 10 10 48 2 16 7 16 7 6 31 1 6 15 7 54 3 9 19 12 5 4 38 1 13 13 20 80 14 8 22 24 2 6 58 1 13 16 20 138 17 18 47 34 6 7 70 2 23 4 9 15 8 2 9 2 1 1 14 io Waldo 1 12 9 63,0 ' 1900. population: 1890. population; 1880. NEGEO population; 1900. COUNTY. Total. Negro. Total. Negro. Total. Negro. Both sexes 10 years and over. 5 to 20 years, inclusive. Males 18 to 44 years, inclu- sive. Males 21 years and over. Total. Males. Fe- males. Total. Illiter- ates. Males. Fe- males. Total. niiter- ates. Mississippi— Cont'd. 20,955 14,316 12,178 12,800 13,055 16,084 19,600 20,618 12,983 10,124 16,479 16,522 40,912 49,216 12,639 13,619 21,453 14,124 19,742 43,948 3,106,666 12,269 6,065 10,723 4,954 2,360 12,070 13,281 12,179 2,903 1,051 14, 914 4,142 30,564 44,143 5,068 3,925 17,069 5,901 10,468 33,902 161,234 5,993 3,051 5,559 2,434 1,213 S,489 6,782 6,051 1,434 503 7,918 2,079 14,748 22,513 2,487 1,988 8,368 2,890 5,170 16,982 81,206 6,276 3,014 5,164 2,520 1,147 6,581 6,499 6,128 1,469 548 6,996 2,063 15, 806 21,630 2,571 1,937 8,701 3,011 5,288 16,920 80,028 17,922 11,740 8,382 10, 138 10,635 9,384 14,361 19,253 12,951 9,302 12,158 16,606 33,164 40, 414 9,817 12,060 17,592 12,089 16,629 36,394 22,679,185 10, 413 4,616 7,141 3,909 1,711 6,850 9,207 10,756 2,925 991 10,895 3,998 24,366 35,630 4,011 2,980 13,626 5,061 8;946 27,701 160, 184 16,752 10,845 6,306 8,008 8,088 4,661 10,926 18,721 12,867 8,774 8,461 13,030 31,238 26,367 8,741 9,634 17,816 10,087 16,649 33,846 2,168,380 9,659 4,182 4,893 3,014 1,636 2,897 6,757 9,627 3,065 1,163 7,205 3,098 22,616 21, 861 3,770 2,296 14,243 3,927 8,116 25,342 145,350 8,137 4,052 7,953 3,220 1,470 8,949 9,302 8,221 1,904 763 11,334 2,845 23,496 33,914 3,376 2,589 11,566 3,918 7,202 23,841 129,600 3,898 1,982 3,994 2,003 700 4,484 5,127 3,880 796 368 5,398 1,222 10,318 15,120 1,703 1,071 7,179 1,732 3,709 11,630 36,390 2,649 1,366 2,056 1,089 553 2,291 2,753 2,660 625 210 2,750 923 6,540 8,167 1,082 908 3,597 1,366 2,262 6,931 27,639 2,741 1,356 2,136 1,166 482 2,232 2,849 2,723 688 223 2,800 949 5,789 8,392 1,153 860 3,764 1,391 2,237 7,026 28,228 1,908 1,004 2,468 779 386 2,907 2,691 1,995 446 165 3,797 718 6,006 10,037 768 653 2,786 910 1,719 6,347 37,949 2,301 1,190 2,855 888 433 3,416 3,046 2,377 529 213 4,326 817 7,446 12,046 975 736 3,303 1,044 2,073 7,657 46,418 1,259 Scott 666 1,518 Simpson 645 Smith 231 1,711 Tallahatchie 1,744 Tate 1,263 Tippah 246 108 2,051 386 3,597 5,949 600 361 Wilkinson. ... - 2,097 527 1,128 Yazoo 4,157 14,829 21,728 17,332 16,501 21,160 25,532 18,253 30,141 16,666 14, 660 28, 642 121,838 16,769 16,656 26,984 13, 113 24,315 26,455 6,706 23,636 16,923 26,826 16,939 15,383 18,903 17,363 20,578 22,532 12,959 ■ 18,125 13, 903 21,326 14,418 12,986 16,802 21,706 30,581 12,298 20,554 52,713 17,832 24,398 28,064 9,985 17,083 18,337 21,834 8,716 195,193 84,018 25,712 27,843 13,479 16,523 31,679 31,662 316 220 31 1,627 9 48 307 190 14 4,664 6,509 1,624 430 4,104 96 1,987 1,332 4 592 45 3,246 117 142 1,115 1,070 2,269 3,505 46 294 11 329 127 28 27 205 1,826 68 16 3,298 232 51 1,092 1 137 • 4,182 222 248 19,044 1,428 1,119 1,710 175 364 3,677 1 283 140 100 15 819 4 20 149 96 6 2,253 3,507 816 217 2,065 47 986 655 2 294 21 1,628 66 69 684 533 1,428 1,802 20 146 6 174 65 12 17 100 959 36 7 1,608 104 27 535 1 79 2,144 106 111 9,316 738 561 887 92 177 1,914 138 176 120 16 808 5 28 168 94 8 2,311 3,002 708 218 2,039 48 1,001 677 2 298 24 1,618 61 73 531 537 831 1,703 26 148 6 155 62 16 10 106 866 32 9 1,690 128 24 557 58' _ 2,038 116 137 9,728 690 568 823 83 187 1,763 145 17,417 16,000 15, 633 22,074 22,943 18,504 32,223 14,973 13,121 26,043 70, 100 10,164 16, 152 25,131 10,040 22,060 26,742 4,659 23, 301 15,620 26,264 14,017 15, 126 19,856 17, 138 17,281 22,707 11,961 17,526 12,647 20,456 14,539 12,149 14,111 15,086 28,056 11, 706 19,018 48,616 17,876 21,033 28,235 9,463 15,469 17, 371 18,618 9,119 160,610 50, 500 22,484 28,132 13,501 14,701 30, 184 26,228 303 249 46 1,840 97 47 404 166 19 4,677 3,974 596 374 4,484 97 2,038 1,877 9 784 127 3,490 92 170 1,348 1,086 1,935 3,539 78 287 55 376 110 41 33 168 1,794 86 36 3,441 254 56 1,168 26 80 4,544 *208 320 14,992 913 1,067 1,829 214 472 4,170 364 15-, 190 16,318 14,556 19,732 14,406 10,332 25,381 12,396 11,130 26,422 49,792 6,011 13,646 23,670 7,266 20,998 23,274 2,168 22,431 10,741 25,224 9,628 15,031 15,672 16,073 15, 6K 21,596 10,766 12,567 9,263 19,145 13,334 10,646 7,763 9,604 26,634 11,163 17, 176 28,801 16,186 20,304 23, 906 7,387 15,509 18,428 8,814 8,183 82,326 , 32,019 18,736 28,172 13,047 11,524 26,710 17,583 226 367 40 1,844 13 17 262 271 26 5,082 3,726 140. 413 4,431 114 1,996 1,467 11 751 146 3,990 193 308 1,513 975 1,868 3,602 122 248 89 460 132 62 26 164 2,077 167 28 2,799 199 73 991 60 232 6,231 91 400 9,850 767 1,005 2,019 228 477 4,415 299 263 176 26 1,292 6 37 224 143 8 3,543 5,457 1,197 319 3,069 71 1,487 1,087 4 456 36 2,357 86 118 901- 801 1,894 2,724 41 222 11 269 96 19 22 138 1,339 55 16 2,630 198 40 823 1 111 3,136 170 198 16,416 1,185 816 1,332 139 275 2,809 232 80- 62 3 426 4 62 69 8 1,361 913 504 72 1,138 40 438 320 1 112 11 726 32 27 264 251 634 962 18 63 5 65 30 7 16 64 453 3 4 717 55 11 296 1 33 1,199 62 60 3,304 230 288 411 33 98 953 64 55 31 4 308 2 6 63 38 1 891 1,092 282 70 821 17 392 263 ""i29' 7 682 24 23 206 220 358 736 6 66 1 61 20 7 4 47 367 11 '"'649' 39 4 231 64 50 9 317 2 8 52 43 5 916 1,074 247 71 834 18 403 240 122 7 676 25 32 209 227 290 682 13 66 1 59 24 6 6 45 354 16 1 620 46 5 241 62 47 8 355 1 8 61 36 1 897 2,018 393 102 764 21 398 266 1 112 7 576 21 30 265 187 946 737 6 66 3 66 26 4 7 32 338 17 4 627 39 16 205 73 63 11 434 1 12 74 46 2 1,125 2,141 458 126 990 23 498 331 2 142 10 740 23 42 328 254 983 891 13 67 5 96 38 4 10 38 470 21 7 823 60 20 256 1 51 1,028 48 56 6,238 461 289 484 51 86 981 83 31 18 2 195 1 Bates 18 22 Bollinarer 2 660 401 Butler 187 Caldwell 36 Callaway 474 13 187 Carroll 120 • 1 Oass 4fl 7 292 12 Clark 14 Clay 120 119 Cole 280 379 6 29 Dallas 3 35 Dekalb 15 Dent Douglas 187 Gasconade Grundy 5 Henry 1 17 509 23 883 46 43 2,508 214 212 313 32 72 757 47 16 860 50 57 2,787 230 240 295 41 74 714 56 41 837 27 37 5,637 396 211 337 47 63 740 61 Holt " Howard Howell 21 26 1,329 106 124 Jefferson Johnson 186 20 39 ■462 21 Kjiox 1 See explanatory notes on page 99. 2 Includes 1 person specially enumerated in 1890, but not credited to any county. 210 NEGROES IN THE UNITED STATES. Table 29.— TOTAL AND NEGRO POPULATION IN 1900, 1890, AND 1880, AND NEGRO POPULATION IN 1900 DISTRIBUTED ACCORDING TO SCHOOL, MILITIA, AND VOTING AGES, AND ILLITERACY,' BY COUNTIES— Continued. Missouri— Continued. Lewis Lincoln Linn Livingston McDonald Macon... Madison . Maries . . . Marion . . Mercer .. Miller Mississippi Moniteau Monroe Montgomery . Morgan New Madrid. Newton Nodaway Oregon Osage Ozark Pemiscot . Perry Pettis Phelps. . Pike.... Platte . . Polk.... Pulaski. Putnam . . . Kails Eandolph . Ray Keynolds . . Eipley St. Charles . . St. Clair St. Francois . St. Louis St. Louis city . . . Ste. Genevieve . Saline Schuyler Scotland Scott Shannon . Shelby ... Stoddard . Stone Sullivan. Taney . . . Texas ... Vernon . . Warren . . Washington. Wayne Webster Worth Wright Montana . Beaverhead . Broadwater . Carbon Cascade Choteau Custer Dawson ... Deerlodge . Fergus Flathead . . Granatin Granite Jefferson Lewis and Clarke . Madison population: 1900. 5,616 2,641 7,533 25,777 10, 966 7,891 2,443 17,393 6,937 9,375 9,553 4,328 5,330 19,171 7,695 ' See explanatory notes on page 99 16,724 18, 352 25,603 22,302 13,574 33,018 9,975 9,616 26,331 14,706 16,187 11.837 16; 931 19,716 16,671 12,175 11,280 27,001 32,938 13,906 14,096 12,145 12,115 15, 134 32,438 14, 194 26, 744 16, 193 23,255 10,394 16,688 12,287 24,442 24,806 8,161 13,186 24,474 17, 907 24,051 60,040 675,238 10,359 33, 703 10,840 13,232 13,092 11,247 16, 167 24,669 9,892 20,282 10, 127 22,192 31, 619 9,919 14,263 16, 309 16, 640 9,832 17,519 243, 329 Negro. Total. 1,043 1,731 786 795 2 1,580 242 1 3,354 58 190 2,265 706 1,608 1,411 2,027 699 129 7 274 26 862 440 2,897 184 4,239 1,095 185 37 16 927 2,842 1,608 Males. 525 901 385 399 2 863 108 1 2,139 260 611 3, 526 35, 516 474 4,761 606 4 679 47 4 114 2 3 241 614 641 115 116 8 428 1,523 1,629 35 100 1,231 346 795 681 214 1,099 344 65 5 134 11 496 225 1,423 87 2,127 563 468 Fe- males. 618 830 401 396 1 1,100 128 306 1,751 17,496 223 2,414 12 16 4 162 156 48 4 171 30 35 4 15 313 28 34 266 2 360 21 2 64 2 1 116 326 61 220 912 717 134 1 1,725 23 90 1,034 361 813 730 224 928 355 64 2 140 15 367 215 1,474 97 2,112 532 103 23 7 469 1,469 787 132 306 1,775 18, 020 251 2,347 31 2 107 13 24 10 194 17 240 2 60 2 126 289 315 54 60 5 208 611 7 10 1 76 49 17 2 64 17 12 19 4 5 119 11 POPDLATION: 1890. Total. 16, 936 18,346 24,121 20,668 11,283 30, 576 9,268 8.600 26,233 14,681 14, 162 10,134 15,630 20,790 16,860 12,311 9,317 22,108 30,914 10, 467 13,080 9,796 6,975 IS, 237 31, 151 12, 636 26,321 16,248 20, 339 9,387 15,365 12,294 24, 893 24,216 6,803 8,512 22,977 16, 747 17,347 36,307 451,770 9,883 33, 762 11,249 12,674 11, 228 8,898 16,642 17,327 7,090 19, 000 7,973 19,406 31,605 9,913 13,153 11,927 15,177 8,738 14,484 2142,924 Negro. 4,656 8,756 8,274 15,155 3,514 6,246 '6'626 1,050 2,039 808 865 3 1,196 241 3 3,721 73 228 2,108 843 2,049 1,667 414 2,033 681 136 22 371 12 412 492 2,799 281 4,919 1,210 163 28 34 1,077 2,935 1,749 19 1 2,316 244 645 496 6,101 4 765 135 10 45 3 21 231 725 772 104 167 1 364 1,490 population: 1880. 291 18 114 2 76 17 19, 146 4,692 299 13 Total. 16,926 17,426 20, 016 20,196 7,816 26, 222 8,876 7,304 24,837 14,673 9,806 9,270 14,346 19,071 16,249 10, 132 7,694 18,947 29,544 5,791 11,824 6,618 4,299 11, 895 27,271 12,668 26,715 17,366 15,734 7,250 13, 555 11,838 22,751 20, 190 5,722 5,377 23, 065 14, 125 13,822 31,888 360, 618 10,390 29, 911 10,470 12,608 8,587 3,441 14,024 13,431 4,404 16,669 5,599 12,206 19, 369 10,806 12, 896- 9,096 12,175 8,203 9,712 39,159 2,712 3,058 2,610 180 8,876 3,643 2 Includes 429 persons (out of a total of 10 766 2,464 6,621 3,915 Negro. 1,408 2,146 839 1,172 12 1,499 306 12 3,708 101 2,154 978 2,146 1,917 416 1,881 591 109 18 400 13 268 471 3,008 503 5,376 1,630 285 60 23 1,211 2,811 1,739 14 10 2,411 310 22,256 558 4,931 9 131 660 931 35 28 83 4 ■■ 29 106 954 1,038 108 247 1 260 846 31 NESBO POPULATION: 1900. Both sexes 10 years and over. Total. 794 1,293 652 679 2 1,320 180 1 2,711 50 140 1,715 619 1,236 1,065 330 1,474 623 » 92 7 209 18 673 323 2,307 146 3,367 840 141 27 12 694 2,186 1,221 Illiter- ates. 1 1,658 193 441 2,706 30,571 350 3,601 70 3 529 36 4 2 2 198 453 474 92 82 7 304 12 11 4 126 134 41 3 161 29 34 31 4 12 271 22 278 499 153 101 2 919 23 44 701 172 442 360 112 763 131 21 5 80 10 276 133 734 1,047 290 56 13 5 to 20 shears, Inclusive. Males. 191 407 153 138 1 253 36 1 513 61 116 835 6,516 143 1,244 563 13 41 425 141 327 275 97 465 142 24 1 41 4 163 86 610 32 819 199 32 10 1 191 524 327 Fe- males. 182 329 146 128 251 63 18 147 2 136 26 4 1 63 186 167 25 23 2 82 418 46 113 4,542 97 931 35 385 160 328 293 84 422 143 25 1 61 7 150 97 639 36 802 205 47 14 2 188 654 317 141 6 1 48 130 131 31 26 1 108 149 437 56 135 4,999 116 941 Males 18 to 44 years, inclu- 207 290 149 165 446 105 1 131 13 1 46 123 136 26 19 2 674 16 34 543 117 292 239 85 418 118 26 4 51 2 266 87 696 29 854 214 28 4 182 567 -1 406 46 120 684 9,747 80 1,003 Males 21 years and over. Total. ™f- 273 392 207 234 1 564 58 113 1 136 10 2 22 2 66 120 129 24 22 2 59 567 16 3 119 7 916 20 41 678 160 393 334 608 167 32 4 76 6 286 112 769 46 1,101 300 41. 4 6 220 709 402 1 539 70 140 11,727 99 1,244 148 2 173 13 1 28 2 1 60 159 157 25 27 2 711 11 154 10 persons specially enumerated in 1890) not distributed by counties. GENERAL TABLES. 211 TABIiE 29.— TOTAL AND NEGEO POPULATION IN 1900, 1890, AND 1880, AND NEGRO POPULATION IN 1900 DISTRIBUTED ACCORDING TO SCHOOL, MILITIA, AND VOTING AGES, AND ILLITERACY,^ BY COUNTIES— Continued. Montaoa— Continued. Meagher Missoula Parlt Ravalli SUverbow Sweet Grass Teton Valley Yellowstone Crow reservation 2. Nebraska . Adams ... Antelope . Arthur ... Banner . . . Blaine Boone Boxbutte . Boyd Brown Buffalo... Burt... Butler . Cedar. Chase. Cherry Cheyenne . Clay Coliax Cuming ... Custer . . . Dakota . . Dawes . . . Dawson . Deuel Dixon Dodge Douglas - . Dundy ... Fillmore . Franklin . Frontier . . Fumas . . . Gage Garfield . . Gosper Grant Greeley... Hall Hamilton. Harlan Hayes Hitchcock - Holt Hooker Howard . Jefferson . Johnson . . Kearney.. Keith Keyapaha . Kimball . . . Knox Lancaster . Lincoln Logan Loup McPherson . . Madison Merrick Nance . . . Nemaha . Nuckolls. Otoe Pawnee. . POPULATION: 1900. Total 2,526 13, 964 7,341 7,822 47,635 3,086 5,080 4,355 6,212 2,660 1,066,300 18,840 11,344 1,114 603 . 11,689 5,572 7,332 3,470 20,264 13,040 15,703 21, 330 12,467 2,559 6,541 5,570 15,735 11,211 14, 584 19, 758 6,286 6, 215 12,214 2,630 10, 535 22, 298 140, 590 2,434 i5, 087 9,455 8.781 12,373 30,051 2,127 5,301 763 5,691 17, 206 13. 330 9,370 2,708 4,409 12,224 432 10, 343 15, 196 11,197 9,866 1,951 3,076 758 14,343 64,835 11,416 960 1,305 517 16,976 9,255 8,222 14,952 12,414 22,288 11,770 population; 1890. Negro. Total. 24 54 15 17 262 Males. Fe- males. 13 44 11 13 141 5 4 2 64 4 72 4,046 23 873 15 35 7 152 7 29 23' 36 2,177 2 9 463 11 11 10 4 4 121 3 2 2,901 33 18 Total. 2 410 4 4,749 16,238 6,881 23, 744 2,065 2,287 1,062,656 1 See explanatory notes on page 99. 2 Indian reservation. Negro. 30 314 31 14 24, 303 10,399 . 91 2,435 1,146 6,494 695 4,359 22, 162 11,069 16,454 24,080 7,028 4,807 6,428 6,693 16,310 10,453 12, 266 21,677 5,386 9,722 10, 129 2,893 8,084 19, 260 158, 008 4,012 16, 022 7,693 8,497 9,840 36, 344 1,659 4,816 458 4,869 16,513 14, 096 8,158 3,953 5,799 13,672 426 9,430 14,850 10, 333 9,061 2,556 8,920 9.59 8,582 76, 395 10, 441 1,378 1,662 401 13, 669 8,758 6,773 12, 930 11,417 25, 403 10, 340 327 2 2 2 2 7 25 4 21 B 105 4 population: 1880. 396 46 Total. 2,743 2,637 31 4,665 5 15 4 1 2 374 1 24 1 19 1,419 24 42 18 1 84 23 278 10, 235 8,953 7,531 6,937 9,194 16,683 2,899 70 1,568 11, 294 6,588 5,669 2,211 3,213 2,909 4,177 11 , 263 37, 646 37 10, 204 6,465 934 6,407 13, 164 Negro. NEQKO population: 1900. Both sexes 10 years and over. Total. 23 49 12 16 236 4 5,363 20 811 1,673 1,461 8,572 8,267 6,086 119 1,012 3,287 4,391 8,096 7,595 4,072 194 3,666 28,090 3,632 64 3,634 3 20 Illiter- ates. 5 to 20 years, inclusive. 7 863 12 353 5,689 5,341 1,212 10,451 4,235 15,727 6,920 181 6 7 740 14 Fe- males. Males 18 to 44 years, inclu- 2,010 Males 21 years and over. Total. 5 . 4 2 43 4 2,298 43 27 7 126 2 126 1 16 646 141 14 1,447 1 5 18 1,578 1 2 267 302 9 15 3 Includes 3,746 persons specially enumerated in 1890, but not distributed by counties. 212 NEGROES IN THE UNITED STATES. Table 29.-T0TAL AND NEGRO POPULATION IN 1900, 1890, AND 1880, AND NEGRO POPULATION IN 1900 DISTRIBUTED ACCORDING TO SCHOOL, MILITIA, AND VOTING AGES, AND ILLITERACY,' BY COUNTIES— Continued. population: 1900. population: 1890. POPULATION: 1880. NEGKO POPULATION: 1900. COUNTY. Total. Negro. Total. Negro. Total. Negro. Both sexes 10 years and over. 5 to 20 years. Inclusive. Males 18 to 44 yeare, inclu- sive. Males 21 years and over. Total. Males. re- males. Total. Illiter- ates. Males. Fe- males. Total. niiter- atea. Nebraska— Continued. Perkins 1,702 10, 772 8,446 17,747 10,542 9,604 19,614 2,809 18,252 9,080 22,085 2,552 15,690 6,033 6,560 2,065 6,959 14,325 628 6,617 7,339 13,086 9,862 11,619 1,362 18,205 4,364 9,869 4,864 15,437 10, 817 8,837 17,574 3,083 20,097 6,875 21,677 1,888 16,140 8,687 6,399 2,452 4,619 12,738 617 3,176 7,092 11,869 6,169 11,210 1,683 17,279 Phelps 14 4 20 1 3 87 2 25 22 17 1 19 11 9 2 9 1 2 53 1 16 11 12 1 14 6 5 2 11 1 34 1 9 11 5 s" 6 3 1 26 13 13 65 2,447 1,202 9,511 6,846 3,044 15,031 2 24' 1 91 11 3 16 1 3 66 2 20 17 14 1 16 9 4 2 1 3 4 2 t li 4 2 5 1 2 26 Platte 6 3 3 16 2 1 3' 1 18 1 5 4 9 1 1 1 15 11 Saline 23 9 17 14, 491 4,481 16,810 8 4 13 5 2 1 6 5 . 2 10 6 3 2 ■••■ 22 6 4 7 7 12 11,147 37 2 1 2 8 2 11 5 2 1 2,061 699 1,813 6,113 1 1 6 i' 6 1 i' 12 2' 1 1 6 1 4 1 2 2 3 2 6 30' 3 10 59 52 109 2,324 8,631 813 7,104 644 11,170 2,913 62,266 3 6 4 5 24 32 2 3 8 2 15 15 1 2 1 3 9 17 26' 1 6 8' 2 488 3 4 3 6 19 29 ■ 1 1 2 1 3 1 3 10 i 2 1 1 2 4 10 1 3 3' 7 1 3 4 1 11 5 1 2 York 2 42,335 134 82 52 247,356 242 126 29 10 8 37 70 16 830 1,634 6,688 1,972 1,964 4,463 1,534 3,284 2,268 1,140 2,893 703 1,551 5,380 2,629 3,276 3,434 2,266 2,466 1,987 1,290 4,883 ii' 26 1 20 48 1 9 1 4 56 479- 1,581 5,716 3,220 7,086 3,480 3,624 2,637 2,409 1,875 6,412 286 16, 115 6,664 2,682 346,991 6 17 3 10 3 7 22 33 7 49 21 16 16 1 96 59 6 16 1 2 3 9 1 Elko 1 9 2 10 20 10 15 1 4 14 5 11 1 6 6 5 4 10 17 6 15 1 2 4 1 4 1 3 3 3 i' 2 5 2 4 _3 9 2 11 1 1 Humboldt . — .2 3 "Nvp 12 8 4 12 2 3 8 2 3,673 9,141 1,961 411,588 9 33 1 662 7 18 1 327 2 15 335 8,806 6,922 1,721 376, 530 37 27 614 115 44 9 685 9 3« 1 686 3 10 1 11 7 16 1 230 1 Washoe 2 4 4 White Pine New Hampshire 70 77 95 160 34 19, 526 16,895 31,321 29,468 40,844 112,640 52,430 61,118 39,337 18,009 1,883,669 69 9 21 12 61 139 123 179 22 37 69, 844 32 3 15 6 28 74 56 86 11 16 33,746 27 6 6 6 33 65 67 93 11 21 36,099 20,321 18,124 29,579 23,211 37,217 93,247 49,436 49,660 38,442 17,304 1,444,933 66 15 24 11 53 106 182 98 34 26 47,638 17,948 18,224 28, 734 18,580 38,788 75, 634 46,300 49,064 35,658 18, 161 1,131,116 72 12 14 15 20 119 158 189 47 89 38,853 66 9 21 12 54 124 102 167 21 30 67,534 7 1 3' 7 14 19 16 3 1 9,882 16 1 4 1 7 19 11 16 1 3 9,111 11 2 2' 12 18 18 22 1 9 10,474 17 1 8 3 14 36 27 44 6 4 17,668 16 2 11 5 20 49 39 66 10 12 21,474 1 1 2 4 Hillsboro 6 Merrimack 11 7 2 Sullivan 1 • 3 925 46,402 78,441 68,241 107, 643 13,201 51,193 369,053 31,905 386,048 34,507 95,365 79,762 82,057 65,156 19, 747 165,202 25,630 32, 948 24,134 99,353 37,781 6,920 2,600 3,130 8,683 869 2,403 12,659 2,058 4,439 618 4,152 1,900 6,907 1,618 270 1,949 3,029 1,659 160 3,864 367 3,511 1,167 1,576 4,138 411 1,202 5,381 1,263 2,194 266 2,180 1,072 3,293 720 138 883 1,648 764 76 1,705 188 3,409 1,443 1,554 4,445 468 1,201 7,178 806 2,245 263 1,972 828 3,614 898 132 1,066 1,381 795 84 2,149 179 28,836 47,226 58,628 87,687 11, 268 45,438 266,098 28,649 276,126 36,356 79,978 61, 764 69,128 64,101 15,974 105,046 25, 161 28,311 22, 259 72,467 36,563 2,267 1,814 2,624 7,475 861 2,100 6,910 1,417 2,466 497 3,467 1,643 6,074 966 163 1,126 2,810 1,348 134 2,202 305 18,704 36,786 66,402 62, 942 9,765 37, 687 189,929 25,886 187,944 38,570 58,061 . 52,286 56,538 60,861 14, 465 68,860 24,579 27,162 23,539 56,671 36,689 894 1,891 2,670 5,687 570 1,966 4,727 1,144 1,666 652 3,230 1,625 3,461 810 98 1,077 2,769 1,689 174 1,939 366 6,166 2,090 2,506 6,982 666 1,885 10,418 1,694 3,679 396 3,604 1,669 5,666 1,314 231 1,,699 2,402 1,261 135 3,117 266 686 519 563 1,640 86 414 1,427 342 ' 346 91 789 275 996 254 28 337 391 350 38 495 75 692 352 441 1,163 133 373 1,404 413 515 83 635 406 873 166 45 234 665 235 26 493 64 664 489 474 1,346 141 389 2,026 270 632 95 606 269 1,020 292 32 289 477 268 27 623 65 2,211 639 760 2,016 167 486 2,877 726 1,266 117 1,242 501 1,801 376 75 457 765 319 27 863 67 2,707 662 958 2,599 226 709 3,420 753 1,486 146 1,475 684 2,100 466 86 664 929 448 41 1,025 102 197 619 27 d74 Warren 2 — ' *•"" 'V U1 00 0/1 iUZ I iSee explanatory notes on pag? 99. 2 includes 42 persons (out of a total of 1,594 persons specially enumerated in 1890) not distributed by counties. GENERAL TABLES. 213 Table 29.— TOTAL AND NEGRO POPULATION IN 1900, 1890, AND 1880, AND NEGRO POPULATION IN 1900 DISTRIRUTED ACCORDING TO SCHOOL, MILITIA, AND VOTING AGES, AND ILLITERACY,^ BY COUNTIES— Continued. population: 1900. population; 1890. POPULATIONJ 1880. NEGEO POPULATION: 1900. COUNTY. Total. Negro. Total. Negro. Total. Negro. Both sexes 10 years and over. 6 to 20 years, inclusive. Males 18 to 44 years, inclu- sive. Males 21 years and over. Total. Males. Fe- males. Total. Illiter- ates. Males. Fe- males. Total. Illiter- ates. 195,310 1,610 1,023 587 n60,2S2 1,956 119, 565 1,015 1,416 271 201 200 653 775 126 28,630 4,773 10,150 10, 187 3,229 12,883 5,429 4,953 10, 304 4,791 13,777 4,828 22,053 14,658 3,158 12,195 10,889 4,528 13,895 7,268,894 332 ■ 66 352 26 37 186 3 23 8 16 41 9 156 92 12 22 1 5 223 99,232 180 41 234 19 22 113 1 20 3 13 19 2 81 43 7 13 1 4 207 46,618 162 26 118 7 15 73 2 3 5 3 22 7 75 49 5 9 i' 16 62,614 20,913 340 17,2'26 210 278 60 317 21 35 153 3 23 7 16 33 6 186 77 8 14 1 5 228 84,688 50 14 88 2 9 34 2 6 6 6 13 ....... 9 3 9 82 6 36 5 6 20 52 4 42 1 5 24 98 27 160 10 11 49 1 12 2 13 7 134 34 188 13 16 85 1 19 1 9 8 24 8 Colfax 7,974 9,191 241 46 3,398 7, 612 6 27 46 2 Eddy 4 9,657 592 4,589 86 14 Guadalupe 7,081 10,618 31 142 2,613 9,751 60 242 1 2 4 10 2 26 9 2 4 i' 8 4 29 20 8 5 5 1 3 11,534 1,890 .24,204 13, 562 3,630 9,595 9,868 31 1 135 118 11 63 18 11,023 14 3 20,638 10,867 90 168 42 20 2 50 32 3 7 1 8 171 31,425 7 RantaFe 3 7,875 11,029 61 36 6 TTUiri 1 5 9,180 1 36 11,615 2 18,961 3 196 26,858 13,876 36,003,174 202 70,092 13,095 5,082,871 26 66, 104 New York 3,541 165,571 41,501 69,149 65,643 66,234 88,314 54,063 36,568 47,480 43,211 27,576 46, 413 81,670 433,686 30,707 42,853 42,842 34,661 31, 478 4,947 51,049 76,748 1,166,582 27,427 37,059 40,545 217,854 47,488 ' 55,448 2,050,600 74,961 132,800 168,735 49, 605 103,859 30, 164 70, 881 48,939 13,787 162,999 121,697 67,021 88,298 89,083 61, 089 46,852 26i854 15,811 28,114 82,822 77,582 32, 306 27,951 33,830 88,422 1,634 353 633 337 676 148 897 212 138 1,417 81 208 2,226 1,805 60 62 348 161 795 1 210 172 18, 367 25 232 352 832 208 2,310 38,616 542 462 1,246 434 2,796 103 162 143 109 2,611 667 1,072 2,041 75 837 165 297 178 134 493 3,036 84 309 459 1,351 874 183 287 178 338 78 507 101 113 791 46 106 1,174 957 24 38 172 79 432 1 103 99 8,127 16 119 171 421 95 1,092 17, 400 308 250 598 205 1,380 53 78 63 47 1,119 275 486 1,391 36 386 68 153 82 62 259 1,415 41 153 •227 704 660 170 346 159 337 70 890 111 25 626 85 102 1,052 848 36 24 176 82 363 107 73 10,240 9 113 181 411 113 1,218 21,216 239 212 648 229 1,416 50 74 80 62 1,492 382 686 650 39 461 97 144 96 72 234 1,620 43 156 232 647 164,555 43,240 62, 973 60,866 65,302 76,202 48,266 37,776 46,437 46, 172 28, 657 45, 496 77,879 322,981 33,052 38,110 37,650 33,266 31,698 4,762 45,608 68,806 838,647 29,806 37,801 42,892 189,586 46,699 1,409 331 631 249 561 148 793 297 139 1,081 82 262 1,671 1,206 108 62 281 129 652 10 139 215 11,307 44 247 303 802 268 154,890 41,810 49,488 65,806 65,081 65, 342 43,065 39,891 50,897 47,928 25,825 42, 721 79,184 219, 884 84,515 32,390 30,985 32,806 32,695 3,923 42, 669 66, 103 599, 495 31,416 39,562 44, 112 144,903 38,315 1,867 877 685 248 687 168 964 286 171 1,219 93 227 2,112 975 112 37 272 161 729 178 208 9,153 76 293 375 740 818 1,378 272 583 261 570 128 767 183 121 1,227 74 173 1,818 1,676 51 46 298 128 674 1 177 143 16,554 28 189 291 686 182 1,885 83, 664 462 390 1,047 352 2,279 91 136 121 95 2,177 586 869 1,826 69 744 147 246 147 121 417 2,445 72 266 400 1,143 145 15 54 31 80 8 110 8 29 240 9 22 822 96 12 17 43 9 108 163 65 77 47 76 21 135 19 7 206 10 86 299 207 9 16 61 31 110 165 71 89 71 101 13 100 30 10 190 8 29 319 196 14 7 45 31 123 544 75 120 68 167 84 281 46 78 512 21 47 664 666 9 17 SO 31 248 1 46 55 4,615 5 60 71 191 40 469 11,180 186 126 818 84 691 28 42 33 28 563 143 210 1,069 18 212 35 60 29 22 100 685 23 55 104 350 671 104 185 114 289 54 389 77 103 646 34 63 772 686 13 21 107 43 288 1 71 64 6,276 12 68 102 248 58 616 12,896 217 179 425 138 852 44 52 47 38 681 197 300 969 27 274 43 87 52 47 176 838 29 91 164 436 93 11 24 19 41 3 54 6 21 110 Cortland 7 10 148 40 3 13 21 3 61 23 21 1,734 3 21 40 64 18 294 2,224 68 60 109 51 512 16 24 14 18 288 62 116 309 19 109 28 57 19 21 42 407 9 29 46 -226 23 29 2,114 2 48 59 135 28 856 3,736 65 64 126 51 404 5 22 18 18 380 68 185 879 9 90 19 64 27 14 64 430 11 60 45 26 18 2,714 3 45_ 64 115 34 402 4,768 68 59 173 66 446 16 19 24 17 441 110 192 216 12 129 24 62 31 18 71 547 17 56 63 14 JefEeraoa Kings 14 570 3 13 22 27 8 125 1,516,301 62, 491 122,922 146, 247 48,458 97,859 30,803 71,888 60,861 14,849 128,059 124,511 51,693 35, 162 85,048 57,663 29.797 29U64 16,711 28,227 81,473 62,491 31,031 29,935 32, 923 87,062 23, 601 387 483 1,067 457 2,644 194 161 237 201 3, 529 788 964 1,265 83 761 141 317 218 182 485 2,371 68 360 397 1,248 1, 206, 299 64, 173 115,475 117,893 49,541 88,220 30,123 77,911 51,397 16,181 90, 574 115,328 38,991 27,690 86,997 55,156 23,538 32,910 18,842 29,278 77,686 . 53,888 32,491 32,673 34, 445 85,838 19,663 899 678 876 594 2,790 224 247 218 187 3,801 939 932 816 101 739 163 463 196 242 467 2,899 84 446 468 1,371 577 Niagara 33 237 10 Oswego Queens Rensselaer 20 51 10 46 St Lawrence Saratoga. Schenectady 14 21 11 9 26 Steuben Suffolk 166 4 13 27 HI Tomnkins Ulster > See explanatory notes on page 99. ^ j. ^ .^ i j ., *■ 2 Includes 6,689 persons specially enumerated in 1890, but not distributed by counties. •Includes 5,321 persons specially enumerated in 1890, but not distributed by counties. 214 NEGROES IN THE UNITED STATES. Table 29 TOTAL AND NEGRO POPULATION IN 1900, 1890, AND 1880, AND NEGRO POPULATION IN 1900 DISTRIBUTED ACCORDING TO SCHOOL, MILITIA, AND VOTING AGES, AND ILLITERACY,! BY COUNTIES— Continued. New York— Cont'd. Warren Washington Wayne Westchester Wyoming Yates North Carolina. Alamance . . Alexander . Alleghany. . Anson Ashe Beaufort . . . Bertie Bladen Brunswick . Buncombe . Burke Cabarrus . Caldwell . Camden . . Carteret . . Caswell... Catawba. . Chatham . Cherokee. Chowan . . Clay , Cleveland . . . Columbus Craven Cumberland. Currituck . Dare Davidson.. Davie Duplin Durham Edgecombe. Forsyth Franklin Gaston Gates Graham .. Granville. Greene Guilford... Halifax Harnett Haywood... Henderson . Hertford ... Hyde Iredell Jackson . . Johnston . Jones Lenoir Lincoln ... McDowell . Macon : Madison... Martin Mecklenburg. Mitchell Montgomery . Moore Nash New Hanover . Northampton. . Onslow Orange Pamlico Pasquotank . Pender Perquimans . Person population: 1900. Total. 29,943 45,624 48, 660 184,267 30,413 20, 318 1,893,810 25,665 10, 960 7,769 21,870 19,681 26,404 20,638 17, 677 12,667 44,288 17,699 22,486 15, 694 5,474 11,811 16,028 22, 133 23,912 11, 860 10,268 4,532 25,078 21, 274 24,160 29,249 6,629 4,767 23,403 12, 115 22,406 26, 233 26, 691 36,261 25,116 27, 903 10,413 4,343 23,263 12,038 39, 074 30, 793 15,988 16,222 14,104 14, 294 9,278 29,064 11, 863 32,260 8,226 18, 639 16,498 12,567 12, 104 20,644 15, 383 65,268 15, 221 14, 197 23,622 26,478 25, 785 21,160 11,940 14,690 8,046 13,660 13,381 10,091 16,686 Negro. Total. 63 237 246 5,318 47 131 624,469 6,723 856 466 11, 674 684 11, 336 11,821 8,223 5,044 8,120 2,676 6,101 1,931 2,191 2,127 8,199 2,985 8,339 432 6,860 134 4,820 6,476 14,643 12, 571 1,777 574 3,174 2,636 8,528 9,749 16,684 10,541 12,438 7,242 4,804 26 11,887 6,778 11, 103 19,733 6,068 613 1,759 8,391 4,014 7,332 691 8,171 3,760 8,046 2,961 1,893 673 551 7,327 23,873 536 3,682 7,849 10, 619 13,109 12, 118 8,610 5,261 2,637 7,027 6,909 5,003 7,023 Males. 31 107 138 ,302 24 60 303,624 3,186 413 231 6,711 318 5,621 5,698 3,914 2,437 3,794 1,246 2,910 968 1,086 991 3,967 1,439 4,098 216 2,849 72 2,421 3,088 6,923 6,943 927 312 1,638 1,373 4,710 8,165 6, 143 6,127 3,704 2,246 11 6,901 2,848 5,349 9,796 2,373 299 887 4,169 1,996 3,601 314 4,021 1,812 3,864 1,464 902 302 293 3,582 11, 571 280 1,870 5,406 6,860 6,020 1,724 2,668 1,296 3,419 3,288 2,650 3,421 Fe- males. 22 130 108 1,016 23 71 320,846 3,537 443 235 6,963 6,716 6,123 4,309 2,607 4,326 1,430 3,191 963 1,105 1,136 4,242 1,646 4,241 216 8,001 62 2,399 3,388 7,620 860 262 1,636 1,262 4,640 6,039 8,419 5,398 6,311 2,668 16 5,986 2,930 5,754 9,938 2,686 314 872 4,222 2,'018 3,731 277 4,160 1,948 4,182 1,497 991 371 268 3,745 12, 302 266 1,812 4,051 5,214 7,249 6,098 1,886 2,603 1,341 3,608 3,621 2,453 8,602 population: 1890. Total. 27,866 45,690 49,729 146,772 31, 193 21,001 n, 617, 949 56 238 297 3,416 67 143 561, 018 1 See explanatory notes on page 99. 18,271 9,430 6,623 20,027 15,628 21,072 19, 176 16. 763 10,900 36, 266 14,939 18, 142 12, 298 5,667 10,826 16,028 18. 689 26,413 9,976 9,167 4,197 20, 394 17,866 20, 633 27, 321 6,747 3,768 21, 702 11, 621 18. 690 18, 041 24, 113 28,434 21,090 17. 764 10,252 3,313 24,484 10, 039 28,062 28,908 13, 700 13, 346 12,689 13,851 25, 462 9,612 27,239 7,403 14, 879 12,686 10, 939 10, 102 17, 805 16,221 42,673 12, 807 11, 239 20, 479 20,707 24,026 21,242 10, 303 14, 948 7,146 10, 748 12,614 9,293 16,151 Negro. 5,583 842 460 9,789 595 9,203 11, 291 8,117 4,761 6,626 2,561 5,459 1,654 2,320 2,297 2,616 8,199 274 6,166 142 3,093 6,062 13,358 12,341 2,016 406 3,628 2,852 7,087 7,329 15,699 8,999 10, 335 4,836 4,713 25 12, 360 4,768 8,223 19, 293 4,220 617 1,378 7,944 3,941 5,939 618 7,322 3,518 6,362 2,558 1,825 666 710 7,383 19,526 653 2,267 6,479 8,621 13,936 12, 018 2,911 5,242 2,379 5,546 6,646 4,574 6,899 POPULATION: 1880. Total. 25,179 47, 871 61,700 108,988 30,907 21,087 1,399,760 49 340 394 2,585 98 141 531,277 14,613 8,355 6,486 17, 994 14,437 17,474 16,399 16,158 9,389 21,909 12, 809 14,964 10,291 6,274 9,784 17,826 14, 946 23,463 8,182 7,900 3,316 16,571 14, 439 19, 729 23,836 6,476 3,243 20, 333 11,096 18, 773 Negro. 26,181 18, 070 20, 829 14,254 8,897 2,335 31, 286 10, 037 23,685 30, 300 10,862 10,271 10,281 11,843 7,766 22,675 7,343 23,461 7,491 15,344 11,061 9,836 8,064 12,810 13, 140 34,175 9,435 9,374 16,821 17,731 21,376 20,032 9,829 23,698 6,323 10,369 12,468 9,466 13, 719 4,613 897 519 9,204 963 7,452 9,584 8,560 4,052 3,476 2,721 5,115 1,699 2,471 2,676 10, 656 2,477 7,953 288 4,267 141 2,871 5,613 13, 064 11,241 1,981 368 3,992 3,326 8,186 NEOBO population: 1900. 18,213 4.629 11,353 4,066 3,924 23 17, 679 6,386 6,700 21,162 3,770 484 1,388 6,721 3,341 5,913 876 7,465 4,279 8,067 2,881 1,897 666 459 6,479 16,241 503 2,617 5,332 8,314 13,217 12,045 3,229 9,143 2,116 5,514 6,957 4,671 6,613 47 200 208 4,422 42 119 437, 691 Both sexes 10 years and over. Total. 4,633 693 312 7,678 488 8,131 8,211 6,682 3,622 6,095 1,843 4,400 1,330 1,471 1,661 5,595 2,063 6,692 291 4,167 84 3,342 4,608 10,983 8,757 1,222 429 2,267 1,812 6,963 7,046 11, 731 8,006 8,290 6,004 3,145 15 7,989 4,028 8,124 14, 186 3,407 440 1,231 5,753 2,684 6,224 412 6,699 2,548 5,720 2,043 1,337 452 376 5,140 17,213 382 2,492 5,424 7,416 10,205 8,406 2,448 1,814 4,928 4,801 3,499 4,632 Illiter- ates. 208,132 " Includes 2 persons 2,086 248 161 4,038 268 4,196 3,991 2,615 1,727 2,168 837 1,732 596 607 616 3,113 892 2,585 124 2,112 46 1,751 1,709 6,319 3,443 564 202 1,062 797 2,734 3,242 6,894 3,207 3,913 2,158 1,498 12 4,104 1,987 2,944 8,179 1,696 119 513 2,789 1,367 2,458 172 2,771 1,071 2,962 685 666 232 168 2,846 7,861 193 1,233 2,180 3,973 4,001 4,422 1,162 1,674 790 2,056 2,601 1,077 2,931 5 to 20 years, inclusive. Males. 6 27 42 629 6 9 128,186 9 65 36 965 5 18 132,569 1,352 177 96 2,623 139 2,201 2,536 1,858 994 1,438 676 1,281 421 442 400 1,647 611 1,841 88 1,153 25 1,006 1,359 2,639 2,690 122 636 600 1,945 3,340 1,978 2,629 1,678 1,011 4 2,612 1,173 2,121 1,064 119 379 1,936 1,638 140 1,765 775 631 390 123 100 1,491 4,803 114 796 1,618 2,284 2,012 2,692 724 1,121 483 1,347 1,482 1,109 1,532 Fe- males. 1,496 182 90 2,622 169 2,211 2,638 1,876 1,055 1,620 616 1,498 391 462 419 1,767 665 1,804 91 1,193 28 1,077 1,463 2,749 2,820 344 98 640 634 1,970 2,039 3,449 2,075 2,624 1,618 1,142 6 2,681 1,221 2,265 4,007 1,128 128 362 1,868 897 1,516 112 1,715 822 1,614 665 411 167 112 1,498 4,997 113 815 1,779 2,187 2,361 2,575 774 1,080 513 1,416 1,614 1,042 1, Males 18 to 44 years, inclu- 17 46 54 1,218 7 27 98,691 962 117 63 1,668 2,093 1,614 1,039 800 1,596 324 1,004 299 334 367 1,069 447 1,167 67 965 26 871 945 2,457 1,844 329 133 486 414 1,123 1,726 2,721 2,262 1,877 1,429 597 2 1,716 996 1,957 3,347 683 103 315 1,207 1,131 100 1,277 696 1,419 427 262 83 118 1,066 4,117 99 703 1,287 1,867 2,178 1,807 653 802 894 1,089 947 832 1,000 Males 21 years and over. Total. 25 70 89 1,419 17 44 127,114 specially enumerated in 1890, but not credited to any county 1,338 170 92 2,073 122 2,568 2,204 1,405 1,074 1,869 464 1,219 380 476 457 1,657 674 1,661 91 1,245 31 1,012 1,223 3,334 2,362 418 146 674 569 2,120 3,494 2,486 2,416 1,538 832 3 2,268 1,185 2,600 4,394 896 134 384 1,672 1,529 127 1,619 742 1,697 567 366 116 138 1,498 5,063 127 768 1,692 2,284 3,114 2,470 704 1,104 581 1,526 1,309 1,063 1,297 GENERAL TABLES. 215 Table 29.— TOTAL AND NEGRO POPULATION IN 1900, 1890, AND 1880, AND NEGRO POPULATION IN 1900 DISTRIBUTED ACCORDING TO SCHOOL, MILITIA, AND VOTING AGES, AND ILLITERACY,^ BY COUNTIES-Oontinued. population: 1900. " population: 1890. population: 1880. NEGRO population: 1900. COUNTY. Total. Negro. Total. Negro. Total. Negro. Both sexes 10 years and over. 5 to 20 years, inclusive. Males 18 to 44 years, inclu- sive. Males 21 years and over. • Total. Males. Fe- males. Total. Illiter- ates. Males. Fe- males. Total. Illiter- ates. North Carolina— Cont'd. Pitt 30,889 7,004 28,232 15,855 40,871 33,163 31,066 25,101 26,880 12,553 15,220 19,866 25,515 8,401 6,620 4,980 27,156 16,684 54,626 19, 151 10,608 13,417 31,366 26,872 23,596 14,083 11,464 319, 146 16,492 1,207 3,672 7,768 16,917 11,617 8,115 4,441 9,180 6,710 1,799 2,991 2,904 174 615 1,462 7,999 9,755 24,358 13,069 5,366 391 13,419 ' 2,437 9,905 1,187 283 286 7,575 595 1,809 3,837 8,279 5,529 4,028 2,120 4,205 3,311 945 1,489 1,423 93 306 753 3,979 4,696 11,697 6,362 2,616 196 6,880 1,162 4,801 603 141 173 7,917 612 1,863 3,926 8,638 6,088 ,4,087 2,321 4,925 3,399 854 1,602" 1,481 81 310 709 4,020 6,069 12,661 6,717 2,750 196 7,039 1,276 6,104 584 142 113 25,519 5,902 26,195 23,948 31,483 25,363 24,123 18, 770 25,096 12,827 1,093 3,347 12,969 14, 672 10, 164 6,980 3,692 9,136 21,794 5,062 20,836 18,245 23,880 21,744 19,966 15,198 22,894 11,088 1,144 3,078 10,104 11,938 9,818 6,389 3,265 9,540 10,686 797 2,530 5,373 11,348 7,867 5,939 8,016 6,289 4,604 1,289 1,942 2,011 112 407 982 6,384 6,671 17,671 8,924 8,707 269 9,831 1,658 7,006 860 187 243 6,232 360 973 2,872 5,600 4,127 2,551 1,172 3,115 2,679 532 1,119 1,013 64 188 434 2,891 3,233 7,013 3,764 1,778 127 4,256 892 8,987 421 104 81 3,156 253 740 1,646 3,665 2,347 1,611 908 1,922 1,460 426 604 587 40 122 308 1,808 2,067 4,917 2,842 1,038 70 2,666 512 1,967 269 51 48 3,250 264 786 1,678 3,833 2,596 1,585 1,038 2,107 1,465 371 641 601 30 148 289 1,793 2,116 6,130 2,914 1,075 70 2,704 646 2,076 246 66 49 2,534 172 665 1,226 2,716 1,638 1,354 680 1,177 1,139 325 450 466 23 97 243 1,281 1,309 8,879 1,758 828 58 2,171 367 1,690 202 42 93 3,080 227 765 1,572 3,202 2,257 1,881 849 1,526 1,814 380 694 694 85 128 322 1,609 1,842 5,086 2,441 1,136 84 2,786 447 2,066 261 65 115 Polk 1,804 118 361 Robeson 910 Rockingliani 1,601 1,383 Eutlierford 961 Scotmnd 877 772 Stanly 12, 136 17,199 19,281 6,577 5,881 4,226 21,269 17,681 49,207 19, 360 10, 200 10,611 26,100 22,676 18,644 13,790 9,490 2190,983 1,507 2,813 2,348 226 613 1,226 6,647 11,143 23,109 13,480 5,238 431 10,984 2,042 7,760 1,368 292 373 10,505 15,363 16,302 3,784 5,340 4,545 18,066 1,389 3,623 2,076 109 517 1,435 4,536 Surry Transylvania Tyrrell 63 156 844 1,071 2,529 1,365 573 49 1,262 289 1,193 137 41 19 Vance Wake 47,939 22, 619 8,928 8,160 24,951 19,181 16,064 12,420 7,694 36,909 23,660 16,238 4,874 414 12,124 1,924 7,409 1,644 825 113 Washington Wilkes Wilson Yadkin North Dakota Barnes 13, 159 8,320 976 7,582 3 2 1 7,046 2,460 170 2,893 6 803 4,247 19,613 6,471 74 5,578 159 1,377 1,971 72 1,210 83 18, 357 2,817 81 1,585 2 3 2 2 Benson Billings 4 1 4 i" 1 1,323 2 4 1 4 4 Bottineau Buf ord 5 89 77 Burleigh 6,081 28,625 12,580 49 69 30 41 19 28 3,246 8,998 73 12 47 60 17 4 9 13 7 11 12 24 21 24 10 6,061 1 1 1 1 1 Dunn 8,'380 4,349 9 4 6 1 3 3 6 5 4 4 i' 2 2 2 2 2 1 Emmons 38 3,770 2 2 87 4 2 1 2 1 24,459 4,744 31 8 17 1 14 7 21 4 6,248 4 27 4 1 2 4 4 10 1 15 1 1 Griggs Howard 12 89 20 Kidder 1,754 6,048 1,625 5,253 4,818 8 3 1,211 3,187 697 1,584 3,248 8 860 428 4,728 122 4,293 464 14,834 905 4,418 5,393 99 10,751 2,427 6,076 5 2,304 8,777 16 6,266 1,450 10,217 24 1 3 2 3 5 1 4 1 1 2 1 1 McKenzip 4,791 1,778 8,069 3 3 3 2 1 3 2 Morton . 11 5 6 16 i' 200 13 10 1 2 3 4 3 7,816 990 17,869 4,766 9,198 6,919 Oliver 2 17 9 14 1 13 6 11 1 4 3 8 98 4,862 1 2 11 6 13 1 3 2 7 1 2 8 8 7 3 3 2 1 1 6 16 281 637 2 Richland 17,387 7,995 6,039 13 4 1 8 2 5 2 1 7 3 8,597 12 3 1 3 4 1 1 4 2 5 2 1 7,621 5,888 3 1 2 1 1 2 8 1 2 1 1 2 1 1 8 1 1 247 1,007 1 3 Stutsman 9,143 6,491 13, 107 2 2 2 1 2 1 1 1 4,123 1 1 1 1 Wallette 432 7 ' See explanatory notes on page i 2 Includes 8,264 persons specially enumerated in 1890, but not distributed by counties. 216 NEGROES IN THE UNITED STATES. Table 29.— TOTAL AND NEGEO POPULATION IN 1900, 1890, AND 1880, AND NEGRO POPULATION IN 1900 DISTRIBUTED ACCORDING TO SCHOOL, MILITIA, AND VOTING AGES, AND ILLITERACY,' BY COUNTIES— Continued. Walsh . Ward. Wells . North Dakota— Cont'd Williams ' Williams » Standing Rock reservation (part of)* Ohio. Adams Allen Ashland . . . Ashtabula . Athens Auglaize. Belmont. Brown . . . Butler... Carroll .. Champaign . . Clark Clermont Clinton Columbiana . Coshocton . Crawford . . Cuyahoga . Darke Defiance. . . Delaware . Erie Fairfield.. Fayette... Franklin . Fulton ... Gallia Geauga... Greene ... Guernsey . Hamilton. Hancock . Hardin . , . Harrison . Henry Highland. Hocking.. Holmes... Huron •Jackson .. Jefferson .. Knox Lake Lawrence . Licking ... Logan Lorain Lucas Madison . . . Mahoning . Marion . Medina. Mercer . Miami . . Monroe Montgomery . Morgan Morrow Muskingum . . Noble Ottawa Paulding . . Perry Pickaway . population: 1900. Total. 20,288 7,961 8,310 1,530 2,208 4,167,545 26,328 47,976 21,184 61,448 38,730 31,492 60,875 28,237 56, 870 16, 811 26,642 68, 939 31,610 24, 202 68,590 29,337 33,915 439, 120 42, 632 26,387 26,401 37, 650 34,259 21,725 164, 460 22. 801 27, 918 14, 744 31,613 34,426 409, 479 41,993 31,187 20,486 27, 282 30, 982 24,398 19,611 32,330 34,248 44,357 27, 768 21,680 39,534 47, 070 30,420 54,857 153, 559 20, 690 70, 134 28,678 21,958 28, 620 28, 021 43, 105 27, 031 130, 146 17, 906 17, 879 53, 185 19, 466 22, 213 27,628 31,841 27, 016 Negro. Total. 277 842 13 239 1,329 24 1,857 1,675 1,183 1,460 5,243 1,183 1,199 812 91 69 6,189 421 678 426 402 1,398 9,223 21 2,281 16 4,065 472 17, 696 386 524 628 1,675 252 Males, 197 756 1,669 285 249 1,651 947 1,344 1,768 973 1,023 176 141 969 142 1,163 84 4,000 131 56 1,255 37 40 766 555 788 4 1 49,985 151 440 7 129 715 13 992 876 634 19 703 2,711 593 625 437 43 33 3,297 219 32 262 241 272 732 4,881 13 1,149 10 2,052 247 8,683 307 15 826 151 Fe- males. 9S 382 813 147 122 848 215 497 683 890 531 569 93 73 483 79 575 2,128 68 28 17 23 418 286 385 4 2 46, 916 126 402 6 110 614 11 865 800 649 13 767 2,532 590 674 376 48 26 2,892 202 31 326 184 130 666 4,342 2,003 225 9,012 203 241 321 16 749 101 99 374 756 138 127 803 184 450 661 878 442 464 83 68 486 63 678 41 1,872 63 28 647 20 17 363 269 POPULATION: 1890. Total. 16,687 1,681 1,212 109 6 611 «3, 672, 329 26,093 40,644 22,223 43,665 36, 194 28,100 67,413 29,899 48,697 17,666 26, 980 52,277 33, 553 24,240 59,029 26, 703 31,927 309, 970 42, 961 26,769 27, 189 36,462 33,939 22,309 124,087 22,023 27,005 13,489 29,820 28,645 374, 673 42,563 28,939 20,830 25, 080 29,048 22, 668 21, 139 31, 949 28, 408 39,415 27, 600 18,236 39, 666 43, 279 27, 386 40,295 102,296 20,067 55, 979 24,727 21, 742 29,813 27,220 39,754 25, 175 100, 852 19, 143 18, 120 51, 210 20, 753 21,974 25,932 ' 31,151 26,959 Negro, 1 87, 113 406 689 21 287 46 1,932 1,936 1,113 74 1,511 4,640 1,610 1,2% 662 81' 77 3,146 492 107 618 429 393 1,680 6,446 23 2,388 10 4,060 496 14, 757 356 1,491 133 6 186 738 1,184 307 219 1,758 457 1,133 1,170 947 755 260 130 1,405 217 1,177 102 2,478 160 116 1,211 37 47 867 565 1,009 POPULATION: 1880,- Total. 3,198,062 1 See explanatory notes on page 99. ' Annexed to Mercer and Stark since 1890. ' Organized since 1890. 24,005 31,314 23,883 37, 139 28,411 2,6,444 49, 638 32, 911 42,579 16,416 27,817 41,948 36, 713 24, 766 48, 602 26,642 30,683 196, 943 40,496 22, 515 27,381 32,640 34,284 20, 364 86, 797 21,053 28, 124 14,251 31, 349 27, 197 313, 374 27, 784 27,023 20,456 20,585 30,281 21. 126 20; 776 31,609 23,686 33, 018 27, 431 16, 326 39,068 40,450 26,267 35,526 67, 377 20, 129 42,871 20, 566 21, 453 32,325 21,808 36, 158 26, 496 78, 550 20, 074 19, 072 49,774 21,138 19, 762 13, 485 28, 218 27,416 Negro. 313 510 40 263 1,170 1,631 2,316 1,140 61 1,661 3,580 1,817 1,463 684 59 108 2,175 579 144 610 468 403 1,444 3,936 .55 2,946 11 4,553 10, 533 162 640 647 1,763 206 2 251 912 1,183 302 152 1,746 370 1,057 1,169 1,093 1,083 449 197 36 1,798 806 1,172 1,310 193 143 1,329 94 33 647 91 1,252 NEGRO POPULATION: 1900. Both sexes 10 years and over. Total. 79,236 213 671 13 195 985 19 1,447 1,298 967 27 1,180 4,237 929 938 652 74 63 5,359 305 61 489 370 ■ 348 1,080 7,785 19 1,742 12 3,401 364 15, 066 295 403 464 24 1,288 199 Illiter- ates. 168 673 l',255 248 207 1,300 325 751 1,088 1, 527 747 132 106 797 110 940 62 3,418 106 48 1,025 31 36 656 449 629 67 66 3 16 213 3 262 390 188 7 240 686 232 201 92 10 5 600 31 209 1,278 2 436 3,148 21 6 to 20 years, inclusive. Males. 14,484 270 26 120 141 28 40 344 50 92 83 167 170 106 36 31 191 14 186 12 551 13 3 132 11 2 100 107 138 49 127 1 50 234 307 302 199 219 819 184 12 6 649 71 6 49 174 237 1,241 7 414 3 637 97 2,123 67 83 120 6 261 43 Fe- males. ,2 1 15, 320 35 146 266 67 34 " 263 68 166 200 199 177 142 27 24 166 28 177 16 530 20 7 179 8 148 104 116 42 121 1 34 241 261 161 4 251 854 207 215 118 17 7 762 80 14 155 76 42 236 1,346 4 426 3 679 84 2,464 81 89 128 6 252 40 Males 18 to 44 years, inclu- sive. 1 1 23,684 37 155 281 47 40 293 59 174 226 226 173 157 26 26 185 21 208 18 551 28 9 213 10 149 103 144 50 181 4 51 312 439 326 277 7 271 1,193 225 226 212 20 21 2,122 86 11 109 94 69 262 2,729 6 428 6 842 102 72 110 102 6 332 61 36 167 374 59 51 359 214 297 33 30 167 29 235 14 1,072 26 11 148 121 155 Males 21 years and over. Total. 2 1 31,235 87 262 73 385 579 489 379 15 419 1,633 346 353 28 26 2,462 117 24 152 177 82 412 3,291 608 6 1,234 125 5,966 106 166 149 485 92 490 83 80 496 137 286 436 628 291 387 280 42 356 21 1,455 40 20 379 14 14 205 167 232 'Indian reservation. GENERAL TABLES. 217 Table 29.— TOTAL AND NEGRO POPULATION IN 1900, 1890, AND 1880, AND NEGRO POPULATION IN 1900 DISTRIBUTED ACCORDING TO SCHOOL, MILITIA, AHD VOTING AGES, AND ILLITERACY,' BY COUNTIES— Continued. population: 1900. population; 1890. population; 1880. NEGRO population: 1900. COUNTY. Total. Negro. Total. Negro. Total. Negro. Both sexes 10 years and over. 5 to 20 years, inclusive. Males 18 to 44 years, inclu- sive. Males 21 years and over. Total. 758 250 327 58 204 2,663 196 1,101 198 298 391 586 247 264 384 411 91 948 1,597 69 54 137 63 18,831 Males. Fe- males. Total. Illiter- ates. Males. Fe- males. Total. Illiter- ates. Ohio— Continued. Pike 18, 172 29, 246 23,713 82,525 44,289 40,940 34,311 40,981 41,163 24,625 94,747 71,715 46,591 63,751 22,342 30,394 15,330 25,584 48,245 37,870 24,953 61,655 21,125 398,331 398 133 179 36 121 1,376 110 568 98 161 220 314 130 143 198 222 62 464 818 37 36 84 35 9,609 360 117 148 22 83 1,287 86 633 100 147 171 272 117 121 186 189 39 484 779 32 18 53 28 9,322 17,482 27,868 23,421 30,188 38,072 39,454 30,617 35,377 40,869 24,707 84,170 54,089 42,373 46,618 22,860 29, 671 16,045 25,468 42,380 39,005 24,897 44,392 21,722 2 78,475 823 174 894 62 128 2,892 198 1,088 193 456 338 551 195 207 442 447 203 926 1,412 63 85 187 82 2,978 17,927 27,500 24,683 23,713 36,806 40,307 32,057 38,511 86,947 24, 187 - 54; 031 43,788 44,880 40, 198 22,875 23,028 17,223 28,392 43,244 40,076' 28, 821 34,022 22,395 1,227 144 482 94 186 3,286 194 1,169 141 535 292 S84 245 146 404 476 212 1,288 1,248 188 84 132 171 657 206 268 52 170 2,080 162 869 159 227 330 469 208 200 308 811 68 765 1,152 50 89 116 57 13,944 166 81 55 10 17 369 16 185 28 46 42 51 29 48 32 53 19 167 204 8 3 18 6 3,628 162 40 55 8 35 495 31 189 82 59 64 108 84 39 66 76 21 149 294 10 4 18 1 3,459 137 42 51 9 83 477 34 174 25 65 53 76 88 35 74 73 15 153 325 12 5 17 10 8,587 127 54 68 14 78 556 55 243 38 58 114 146 65 71 87 68 19 - 202 321 11 17 43 18 3,287 194 84 112 26 79 737 74 321 54 76 140 181 88 90 112 119 26 280 402 19 26 69 80 4,827 55 Portage 19 Preble 81 7 9 160 12 81 14 Shelby 23 Stark 29 26 16 21 19 25 Vinton 8 72 Waahinffton 89 Wavne 3 Williams 2 Wood 10 4 1,543 3,051 10,658 15,981 16,388 12,264 2,173 8,819 22,076 17,273 17,922 22,530 18,501 27,007 26,563 14, 015 25,915 12,366 20,909 26,412 6,190 15,001 34,975 7,469 768 4,968 6,717 1,420 413, 535 18 1,106 363 478 190 14 .568 183 244 89 4 548 180 231 101 2,674 16 834 277 387 146 15 250 77 117 29 2 172 63 96 30 ""195" 71 94 40 9 178 65 88 32 11 810 102 , 115 47 10 110 7,1.58 6,605 189 8 85 47 10 "nft-tf ' 74 368 92 9 276 2,453 2,158 6,102 448 2,944 192 450 815 2 7 167 10 1 71 19 21 1,105 42 181 41 4 155 1,243 1,085 3,014 226 1,490 93 232 443 2 3 89 7 1 39 15 16 677 32 187 61 5 121 1,210 1,073 3,088 222 1,454 99 218 372 58 280 60 8 214 1,814 1,552 4,498 358 2,219 184 340 577 2 8 123 10 1 66 16 18 1,013 10 67 14 7 32 487 441 1,130 78 630 35 78 180 17 44 12 8 38 490 392 1,180 77 512 49 92 149 16 67 28 2 39 454 437 1,235 75 659 49 85 132 20 78 16 80 841 367 961 96 522 27 74 179 2 26" 5 1 23 12 11 455 19 109 24 1 99 608 532 1,439 181 806 85 114 226 2 1 48 6 1 28 11 13 560 4 Garfield 24 7 Greer TTav 5,338 2 1 14 8,332 1,300 222 182 12,770 724 468 32 11,742 650 219 U 7,215 100 39 83 WnshUn 4 78 3 1 20 4 1 80 2 1 32 1 8 3 Kiowa, Comanche, and Apache reservation » 32 4 6 428 17 4 9 89 13 .3 8 98 10 2 2 103 5 3 6 4 317,704 1,185 174, 768 487 53 15,597 6,706 19,658 12,765 6,237 10,324 3,964 1,868 14,566 3,201 5,948 2,598 13,698 7,517 3,970 2,847 19,604 3,675 18,603 4,203 62 1 14 13 2 1 I 38 9' 7 2 23 3 2 2 24 1 5 6 13 5,764 8,660 15,233 10,016 5,191 8,874 3,244 1,709 11,864 8,600 6,080 2,559 11,456 4,878 2,444 2,604 15,198 23 7 17 48 7 2 2 2 88 1 22 7 94 6 12 9 10 4,516 5,408 9,260 7,222 2,042 4,834 8 8 18 27 2 1 . 53 1 12 13 2 25 3 2 2 7 9 8 25 28 2 1 4 2 2 2 1 10 1 1 2 7 7 2 15 3 2 2 1 3 Clackamas Clatsop 8 4 4 Coos 6 Curry 1,208 9,595 1 34 Douglas Gillialn Grant 6 3 9 1 2 4 17 5 16 7 5 3 5 1 2 2 13 3 11 4 1 4' 2 4 2 6 3 4,303 9 6 3 9 1 2 4 16 5 9 7 1 2 4 1 2 2 2 1 4 3 5 1 2 2 9 3 7 4 1 2 Harney i 8,164 2,486 61 2 2 Jackson Josephine ' 1 1 2,804 i 9,411 3 4 1 8 2 3 8 Lake 4 2 8 2 4 2 3 Lane 1 Linn Malheur 16,265 2,601 20 3 ! 12,676 *9 3 2 1 1 Jfrclnd&Vper°ons''spl'cTally'enumerated in 1890, but not distributed by counties. ♦ Includes 3,937 persons specially enumerated in 1890, but not distributed by counties. '1 1 218 Ni^GROES IN THE UNITED STATES. Table 29,— TOTAL AND NEGRO POPULATION IN 1900, 1890, AND 1880, AND NEGRO POPULATION IN 1900 DISTRIPDTED ACCORDING TO SCHOOL; MILITIA, AND VOTING AGES, AND ILLITERACY,^ BY COUNTIES— Continued. Oregon— Continued. Marlon Morrow Multnomah Polk Sherman Tillamook. Umatilla .. Union WallcJwa .. Wasco Washington . Wheeler Yamhill Pennsylvania . Adams Allegheny . . Armstrong . Beaver Bedford . . . . Berks Blair Bradford . Bucks Butler Cambria.. Cameron . Carbon . . . Center Chester . . . Clarion . . . Clearfield. Clinton Columbia. Crawford . Cumberland. Dauphin Delaware Elk Erie Fayette... Forest Franklin . Fulton ... Greene . . . Huntingdon.. Indiana Jefferson Juniata Lackawanna . Lancaster . Lawrence . Lebanon .. Lehigh.... Luzerne . . . Lycoming . McKean . . . Mercer Mifflin Monroe Montgomery Montour Northampton Northnmoerland . Perry Philadelphia . Pike Potter Schuylkill Snyder Somerset Sullivan Susquehanna. Tioga Union Venango Warren Washington . population: 1900. Total. 27, 713 4,151 103, 167 9,923 3,477 4,471 18,049 16,070 5,638 13, 199 14,467 2,443 13, 420 6, 302, 115 34, 496 775,068 52, 661 66,432 39,468 169,615 85, 099 69, 403 71, 190 56, 962 104,837 7,048 44,510 42,894 95,695 34,283 80, 614 29, 197 39,896 63,643 50,344 114, 443 94, 762 32, 903 98, 473 110,412 11, 039 64,902 9,924 28,281 34, 660 42, 656 59, 113 16,064 193,831 159, 241 57,042 58,827 93, 893 257, 121 75, 663 51,343 57,387 23,160 21, 161 138, 995 15, 526 99, 687 90, 911 26,263 1,293,697 8,766 30, 621 172, 927 17,304 49,461 12, 134 40, 043 49, 086 17, 692 49, 648 38,946 92,181 Negro. Total. 782 2 1 1 166,845 27, 753 381 975 499 709 784 309 2,200 115 519 39 12 382 9,242 16 218 263 126 369 1,818 6,445 9,894 32 311 4,962 24 1,964 106 313 362 160 68 172 619 2,461 642 223 173 945 1,360 802 361 162 151 660 240 82 62, 613 81 65 252 3. 29 141 85 65 622 62 Fe- males. 464 2 1 1 79, 348 184 15, 624 211 623 277 390 407 147 1,100 62 310 26 10 178 4,783 120 129 68 184 831 3,442 4,998 23 167 16 995 48 173 266 81 40 1,249 302 131 606 164 191 85 72 2,196 60 344 124 45 28, 940 41 38 155 1 118 21 73 43 32 250 29 2,396 20 "sis' 164 12, 129 170 452 222 319 377 162 1,100 209 14 2 204 4,469 7 98 124 68 175 987 3,003 4,896 9 144 2,122 9 959 68 140 79 28 86 277 1,212 240 92 77 426 744 138 160 77 79 2,307 38 316 116 37 33, 673 40 27 97 2 population: 1890. Total. 272 23 1,971 22, 934 4,205 74,884 7,868 1,792 2,932 13,381 12,044 3,661 9,183 11, 972 Negro. 10, 692 2 5,288,113 33, 486 551,959 46, 747 60,077 38, 644 137, 327 70, 866 59, 233 70, 615 55,339 66,375 7,238 38,624 - 43,269 89, 877 36, 802 69,665 28, 685 36,832 66, 324 47, 271 96, 977 74, 683 22,239 86,074 80, 006 8,482 51, 433 10, 137 28, 936 85, 751 42, 176 44; 006 16, 656 142, 088 149, 095 37, 517 48, 131 76, 631 201,203 70, 679 46, 863 55, 744 19, 996 20,'lll 123,290 15, 646 84, 220 74,698 26, 276 1,046,964 9,412 22,778 154,163 17, 651 37,317 11, 620 40, 093 52, 313 17, 820 46, 640 37, 683 71, 166 139 3 560 5 1 1 33 11 14 107, 696 319 13, 601 263 719 587 668 801 599 1,732 154 468 64 36 466 7,643 72 184 324 118 314 2,091 5,551 6,965 2,709 6 2,019 112 446 315 212 29 170 352 2,603 312 164 105 816 1,489 169 176 2,763 96 633 291 137 39, 371 107 65 374 6 142 17 162 91 52 473 75 3,361 population: 1880. Total. 14, 676 26,203 6,601 Negro. 187 9 NEGEO population: 1900. Both sexes 10 years and over. Total. 970 9,607 6,660 11, 120 7,082 7,946 4,282,891 1 See explanatory notes on page 99. 32,455 356,869 47, 641 39. 606 34,929 122, 597 52, 740 68,641 68,666 52, 536 46, 811 5,159 31, 923 37, 922 83, 481 40,328 43,408 26, 278 32, 409 68. 607 46, 977 76, 148 66, 101 12, 800 74, 688 68,842 4,386 49,865 10,149 28,273 33,964 40, 527 27,936 18, 227 89, 269 139, 447 33, 312 38, 476 66, 969 133, 066 57,486 42, 665 66, 161 19, 577 20, 175 96, 494 16,468 70,312 53,123 27, 522 847, 170 9,663 13,797 129, 974 17, 797 33, 110 8,073 40,364 45,814 16, 905 43, 670 27,981 55,418 5 86, 536 471 7,876 278 440 577 449 483 537 1,646 128 209 8 41 348 7,073 121 286 145 493 2,167 3,780 4,613 12 332 1,889 9 2,561 129 503 280 227 37 261 296 2,845 236 85 117 764 425 215 155 1,763 107 322 194 164 31, 699 84 27 368 19 116 3 219 115 133 647 103 2,636 45 727 2 1 lUiter. ates. 1 128, 935 "Includes 1 person (out of a total of S 274 22, 962 ■ 302 785 384 588 627 252 1,707 91 28 12 306 7,106 16 172 200 1,440 5,284 8,128 26 270 3,862 16 1,511 79 239 317 125 62 115 511 1,920 425 180 152 775 1,038 251 289 129 115 3,627 76 528 183 72 58, 086 67 66 194 3 160 24 117 47 435 45 3,378 19, 532 67 3,659 43 126 116 96 63 25 286 13 84 4 2 70 1,111 4 20 49 15 34 402 1,119 1,653 3 26 1,024 1 484 43 49 60 24 5 12 55 391 43 37 18 127 187 30 36 25 30 530 15 52 11 20 5,883 15 4 58 11 574 5 to 20 years, inclusive. Males. 61 3,709 54 164 115 79 130 44 343 17 91 8 68 1,511 Fe- males. 70 27 1,522 5 797 6 334 18 64 92 30 8 36 67 446 72 35 19 133 167 41 53 23 28 677 12 101 40 IS 6,252 15 9 29 31 7 27 12 4 94 12 817 54 3,516 61 164 90 131 55 430 76 1,600 994 1,583 1 47 741 3 9 37 70 460 79 32 24 112 258 46 53 32 21 716 13 91 51 21 8,546 12 9 28 4 22 18 10 96 5 762 Males 18 to 44 years, inclu- sive. 19 1 44, 302 71 ),763 120 258 103 218 185 61 492 174 12 313 1,856 2,621 13 72 1,529 2 410 21 62 168 33 20 25 214 489 186 212 75 27 29 173 56 20 17,465 18 28 74 70 11 29 15 10 109 7 1,114 Males 21 years and over. Total. 391 2 1 3 17 3 1 51, 668 Illiter- ates. 16 ... 104 10,640 140 310 137 274 246 90 622 41 203 13 10 96 2,712 71 31 113 481 2,220 3,036 16 118 1,770 6 555 24 156 46 26 39 237 213 80 69 337 356 110 127 52 35 1,407 34 201 74 29 20,095 23 25 102 1 77 12 41 22 138 15 1,328 9,0,51 32 2,029 22 71 54 26 U 126 40 2 2 27 613 2 13 26 8 17 165 565 683 3 16 554 1 224 14 25 5 6 26 149 26 21 8 70 16 21 10 10 252 10 20 7 10 2,190 6 2 i persons specially enumerated in 1890) not credited to any county. 29 2 6 5 5 321 GENERAL- TABLES. 219 Table 29.— TOTAL AND NEGRO POPULATION IN 1900, 1890, AND 1880, AND NEGRO POPULATION IN 1900 DISTRIBUTED ACCORDING TO SCHOOL, MILITIA, AND VOTING AGES, AND ILLITERACY,' BY COUNTIES— Continued. ^!rcl^"dK9°2%ero^n\Tpe^Sfenumerated In 1890, but not di^^bn^d ^^^S^l^ated » Population included in tliat of the Indian reservation (or reservations) m which located. 220 NEGROES IN THE UNITED STATES. Table 29.— TOTAL AND NEGKO POPULATION IN 1900, 1890, AND 1880, AND NEGRO POPULATION IN 1900 DISTRIBUTED ACCORDING TO SCHOOL, MILITIA, AND VOTING AGES, AND ILLITERACY,i gy COUNTIES— Continued. population: 1900. population: 1890. population: 1880. NEGEO population: 1900. COUNTY. Total. Negro. Total. Negro. Total. Negro. Both sexes 10 years and over. 6 to 20 years, inclusive. Males 18 to 44 years, inclu- sive. Males 21 years and over. Total. Males. Fe- males. Total. Illiter- ates. Males. Fe- males. Total. Illiter- ates. South Dakota— Cont'd. 6,656 4,674 2,302 46 6 . 6,012 4,916 1 1 4,600 4,399 16 4,478 4,062 6,814 295 4,626 6,646 4,267 167 5,044 10,469 1,860 30 3,605 8,562 7,608 11,673 9,143 1 1 1 1 Fall River 3,641 3,547 9,103 2,211 6,945 4,625 4,947 29 6 16 2 14 3 36 i' 26 3 6 4 2 6 1 6 10 2 Faulk 4 3,010 Grant 1 693 163 1,301 Hand 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Hughes 3,684 11, 897 1,492 7 1 4 I 3 11 268 5,573 4 2 2 1 1 2 2 Hyde Jackson 2,798 9,866 9,137 17, 897 12,161 Kingsbury 12 2 106 9 9 2 62 4 3 44 6 13 1 63 4 1,102 2,657 13,248 6,896 97 1 11 2 85 9 1 2 1 4 2 36 1 6 2 46 3 1 7 3 12 1 13 2 g Lyman 2,632 8,689 6,327 5,942 6 1 2 1 3 233 6,448 6,940 4,644 7 4,640 1 7 • 124 1,283 2 6 1 1 2 i' 2 1 McCook Mcpherson Marshall 10 5 6 6 3 2 1 2 3 \ Martin : Meade 4,907 24 12 12 40 ^ 23 1 3 2 5 9 Meyers 116 363 8,261 3,916 3 25' 5 Miner 5,864 23,926 8,326 1 40 1 1 27 1 is' 5,165 21,879 5,941 149 6,540 2,910 23 181 1,997 4,610 4 56 1 34 1 1 'I 1 18 1 Minnehaha 3 7 5 2 Moody Nowlin 6,610 2,.988 24 13 11 iie 2,244 8 19 3 2 3 6 11 2 Potter Pratt Presho Roberts 12,216 4,464 4 1 1 1 3 3 1 2 1 1 1 3 1 Schnasse^ Scobey 32 113 477 793 7 7' Spink 9,487 1,341 1 2 1 2 10,581 1,028 96 2,412 188 2 1 1 2 1 2 1 2 Stanley Sterling Sully 1,716 6 3 3 ■ I 296 203 5 1 6 1 3 Todd Tripp2 Turner 13, 176 11,153 3,839 1 4 6 1 3 5 1 1 10,256 9,130 2,153 1 5,320 6,813 46 1 4 1 1 2 1 1 3 1 Walworth 3 Washabaugh2 12,649 71 37 34 10,444 610 62 8,390 134' 65 61 12 12 11 19 21 Ziebach Fort Sisseton 6 2,357 6,827 5,201 1 1 2 1 1 2 1 1 2 i' 1 1 i' 1 2 i 1 1 ■Rosebud reseryation > 1 Sisseton and Wahpeton res- ervation' 73 (partof)s 1,658 2,020,616 1 480,243 1 238,388 1 364,833 147,784 1 94,981 95,944 1 89,462 Tennessee . 241,856 1,767,618 430, 678 1,642,369 403,161 112,236 63,396 17,634 23,846 11,888 6,626 19,206 15,759 17,317 12, 121 24,250 16,688 10, 112 9,896 20, 696 8,421 19, 163 n page 99. 1,118 6,268 640 475 1,607 2,085 616 827 6,581 661 1,662 2,026 729 368 1,261 sPopu 690 3,077 286 225 794 999 331 416 2,728 334 829 1,067 431 199 628 lation ii 628 3,191 255 260 813 1,086 285 411 2,853 327 883 969 298 169 633 icluded 15,128 24,739 11, 230 6,134 17,689 13,607 13, 486 12,197 23,630 13,389 8,846 9,069 16,103 7,260 16, 623 n that ot tl 1,184 6,196 617 500 1,677 1,771 669 962 5,664 697 1,528 1,776 618 374 1,307 le India 10, 820 26,025 9,780 5,617 15,985 12, 124 10,006 11,869 22,103 10, 019 7,956 903 7,489 633 747 1,705 1,845 432 1,116 6,579 628 1,661 807 4,622 379 346 1,166 1,637 446 594 3,897 476 1,140 1,426 646 260 886 298 1,691 195 134 388 682 174 309 1,427 232 482 714 301 126 387 246 1,383 121 84 342 392 112 171 1,131 119 347 414 142 98 196 1,280 108 116 376 443 98 141 1,215 139 365 % 69 186 1,021 99 75 236 316 120 149 816 113 284 482 210 7S 179 272 1,824 131 US 339 477 177 196 1,154' 160 363 513 233 76 269 Bedford 12s Benton 617 71 64 136 193 Cannon 72 119 498 89 Chester 178 Clay 13,373 6,987 14,808 a reservatic 789 399 1,447 n for rp 142 46 272 1 263 ISl * Indian reservation. GENERAL TABLES. 221 Table 29.— TOTAL AND NEGRO POPULATION IN 1900, 1890, AND 1880, AND NEGRO POPULATION IN 1900 DISTRIBUTED ACCORDING TO SCHOOL, MILITIA, AND VOTING AGES, AND ILLITERACY,i BY COUNTIES— Continued. Tennessee— Cont' d . Coffee Crockett Cumberland Davidson Decatur Dekalb . . Dickson . Dyer Fayette. . Fentress. Franklin . Gibson ... Giles Grainger . Greene . . . Grundy Bamblen... Hamilton .. Hancock ... Hardeman . Hardin Hawkins . . . Haywood. . . Henderson . Henry Hickman Houston Humphreys . Jackson James Jefferson . . . Johnson Knox Lake Lauderdale. Lawrence . Lewis Lincoln ... Loudon McMinn... McNairy. , Macon Madison . . Marion . . . Marshall . Maury Meigs Monroe Montgomery . Moore Morgan. . OMon ... Oyerton . Perry Kckett.. Polk Putnam Bhea Roane Robertson . . Rutherford . Scott Sequatchie . Sevier Shelby Smith ... Stewart. . Sullivan . Sumner . Tipton. . . Trousdale . . Unicoi Union Van Buren . Warren Washington. Wayne Weakley White Williamson.. Wilson POPULATION: 1900. Total. 15, 574 15, 867 8,311 122, 815 10, 439 16, 460 18,635 23, 776 29, 701 6,106 20, 392 39, 408 33,035 15, 512 30,596 7,802 12,728 61,695 11,147 22, 976 19,246 24,267 25,189 18, 117 24,208 16, 367 6,476 13, 398 15,089 5,407 18, 590 10, 589 74, 302 7,368 21, 971 15,402 4,455 26,304 10,838 19, 163 17, 760 12,881 36, 333 17,281 18, 763 42, 703 7,491 18, 585 36, 017 5,706 9,587 28,286 13,353 8,800 5,366 11,357 16,890 14,318 22,738 25, 029 33,543 11,077 3,326 22, 021 153, 557 19,026 15,224 24,935 26, 072 29, 273 6,004 5,851 12,894 3,126 16,410 22,604 12, 936 32,546 14,157 26,429 27,078 Negro. ■Total. 1,802 4,046 572 43, 902 1,220 1,108 2,919 5,742 21, 682 25 3,439 10, 313 11, 406 650 1,569 315 1,791 19,490 273 10, 205 2,678 2,154 17, 080 2,637 5,999 2,611 1,056 1,515 470 506 2,174 368 11,777 1,984 10, 169 967 392 6,084 1,360 1,997 2,442 874 16,754 2, 105 4,260 18, 164 663 1,222 16, 158 469 600 4,840 273 665 11 303 768 1,878 2,625 6,822 12, 965 335 37 565 84, 773 3,008 2,352 1,565 6,677 13, 965 2,033 130 79 55 2,074 2,147 1,144 4,228 1,024 9,664 7,256 Males. 855 1,979 465 20,600 624 542 1,606 2,947 10, 866 14 1,669 5,172 5,498 330 795 169 876 9,592 149 6,113 1,365 1,047 8,394 1,307 2,990 1,399 620 771 233 270 1,069 192 6,673 1,083 5,126 512 228 3,034 672 976 1,262 429 7,982 1,076 2,058 9,487 335 611 7,838 245 653 2,416 147 337 172 400 1,009 1,409 3,502 6,240 200 15 276 42, 217 1,503 1,165 755 3,289 7,197 1,009 78 45 34 1,073 1,135 593 2,099 607 4,807 3,535 Fe- males. 947 2,067 107 23, 402 566 1,413 2,795 10, 816 11 1,770 5,141 5,908 820 774 146 915 9,898 124 6,092 1,323 1,107 8,686 1,330 3,009 1,212 536 744 237 236 1,105 176 6,204 901 5,043 455 164 3,050 688 1,022 1,180 445 8,772 1,030 2,202 8,677 328 611 8,320 224 47 2,425 126 131 368 869 1,216 3,320 6,725 135 22 289 42, 566 1,505 1,187 810 3,388 6,768 1,024 52 34 21 1,001 1,012 551 2,129 517 4,857 3,721 population: 1890. Total. population: 1880. Negro. 13, 827 15, 146 5,376 108, 174 8,995 16, 650 13,645 19, 878 28, 878 6,226 18, 929 35, 869 34, 957 13, 196 26, 614 6,345 11,418 53,482 10, 342 21, 029 17, 698 22,246 23, 568 16,336 21, 070 14, 499 5,390 11, 720 13,325 4,903 16,478 8,858 59, 557 5,304 18,766 12, 286 2,555 27,382 9,273 17, 890 15, 610 10, 878 30, 497 15, 411 18, 906 38, 112 6,930 16, 329 29, 697 5,975 7,639 27, 273 12,039 7,785 4, 736 8,361 13, 683 12, 647 17,418 20, 078 35, 097 9,794 3,027 18,761- 112,740 18, 404 12, 193 20, 879 23, 668 24, 271 5,850 4,619 11,459 2,863 14,413 20,354 11,471 28, 965 12,348 26, 321 27,148 1,723 4,186 61 41, 315 1,304 1,159 2,101 4,690 20,492 46 3,570 9,337 12,320 685 1,519 438 1,520 17,717 727 8,787 2,401 2,268 15, 669 2,366 5,853 2,744 827 1,562 479 536 2, 163 350 10, 940 1,075 7,810 779 252 6,259 1,436 2,128 1,881 781 14, 669 2,379 4,494 16, 910 698 1,247 13, 814 640 333 4,333 264 670 12 666 622 1,721 1,937 5,525 14, 415 366 70 599 61,613 2,979 2,177 1,400 6,364 11, 770 1,827 219 103 67 2,0U 1,945 884 4,520 849 10,084 7,338 Total. 12,894 14, 109 4,538 79,026 14, 813 12, 460 16, 118 81,871 5,941 17, 178 32, 685 36,014 12, 384 24,005 4,592 10, 187 23,642 9,098 22,921 14, 793 20, 610 26,053 17, 430 22, 142 12,095 4,295 11,379 12, 008 5,187 16, 846 7,766 39, 124 3,968 14, 918 10, 383 2,181 26, 960 9,148 15,064 17,271 9,321 30,874 10, 910 19, 269 39, 904 7,117 14, 283 28, 481 6,233 5,166 22, 912 12, 153 7,174 Negro. 7,269 11,501 7,073 16,237 18, 861 36, 741 6,021 2,566 16,541 78, 430 17,799 12, 690 18, 321 23, 625 21,033 6,646 3,645 10, 260 2,933 14, 079 16, 181 11, 301 24, 538 11, 176 28,313 28,747 1,723 3,612 42 31, 331 1,222 1,151 2,231 3,912 22,238 103 3,530 9,146 14, 189 829 2,162 438 1,706 7,399 482 2,016 2,641 17, 656 3,016 6,654 2,246 808 1,671 433 667 2,600 470 7,244 691 6,837 784 218 6,310 , 1,758 2,326 2,426 890 16,467 1,369 4,830 18,171 814 1,292 13, 694 785 289 4,069 342 665 NEGRO population: 1900. Both sexes 10 years and over. Total, 344 598 773 1,906 6,618 16, 493 157 56 693 43, 903 3,678 2,757 1,305 7,331 10, 643 2,141 119 218 186 2,276 1,577 1,069 4,413 988 12, 390 8,466 Illiter- ates, 1,318 2,781 535 35,417 856 798 2,050 4,171 14,651 20 2,500 7,452 8,114 475 1,154 240 1, 325 15, 593 192 7,096 1,933 1,516 11,805 1,831 4,247 1,884 719 1,070 314 378 1,562 251 9,344 1,476 7,084 669 273 4,311 970 1,446 1,710 612 12,214 1,568 3,079 13, 770 444 839 11, 868 327 680 3,687 192 449 225 529 1,416 1,939 4,886 9,398 265 28 371 65, 335 2,043 1,619 1,234 4,836 9,777 1,424 96 58 35 1,620 1,637 816 3,039 727 6,809 5,180 6 to 20 years, inclusive. Males, 565 1,411 225 12, 837 274 755 1,656 7,537 13 926 3,047 3,799 204 449 94 469 4,811 102 3,548 720 694 6,021 896 1,852 649 269 475 110 140 612 129 2,754 560 3,611 302 122 1,724 325 567 666 241 5,353 568 1,304 6,854 163 368 4,825 145 426 1,345 100 216 523 744 2,382 4,188 164 13 157 25, 590 966 788 394 2,192 4,633 652 70 39 19 628 668 308 1,275 355 3,672 2,443 Fe- males, 376 860 142 7,437 274 221 601 1,141 4,789 703 2,200 2,861 135 293 56 367 3,296 69 2,286 552 454 3,605 575 1,260 564 203 300 106 103 433 77 2,165 196 87 1,351 276 561 194 3,371 396 8,661 138 268 3,229 114 131 897 63 134 1 62 173 394 514 1,427 2,839 68 3 120 15,073 661 449 301 1,372 433 40 13 15 453 435 226 882 215 2,098 1,554 Males 18 to 44 years, inclu- 353 941 35 7,948 248 242 564 1,186 4,706 6 726 2,222 2,464 160 808 64 362 3,489 50 2,192 542 458 3,824 677 1,232 631 223 292 116 104 460 57 2,225 349 2,148 73 1,293 309 414 507 196 3,610 426 3,614 136 266 3,325 98 19 1,004 47 149 1 60 156 353 500 2,790 49 4 128 15,431 648 495 317 1,328 2,822 418 21 12 4 384 400 224 929 236 2,028 1,536 Males 21 years and over. Total, 310 618 380 8,974 225 603 1,056 3,191 7 537 1,768 1,744 115 72 278 4,536 45 1,582 457 319 2,562 447 976 553 161 257 75 63 325 60 2,422 603 1,699 170 79 1,025 187 326 430 138 2,932 395 649 3,918 99 181 2,752 90 478 943 i1 110 74 140 434 587 1,333 1,862 95 7 78 18, 582 469 426 307 1,075 2,452 329 35 15 11 370 473 233 695 196 1,545 1,057 Illiter- ates, 368 813 317 11, 060 260 236 655 1,404 4,179 7 730 2,271 2,328 160 396 401 6,391 57 1,994 616 436 3,436 633 1,271 646 224 361 91 135 473 81 3,006 670 2,177 244 105 1,249 298 434 509 166 3,602 543 853 4,737 139 250 3,597 418 1,201 69 142 167 503 728 1,591 2,591 121 8 112 22, 348 . 610 537 371 1,446 3,094 418 30 23 12 468 670 277 914 218 2,001 1,485 178 452 135 4,781 127 93 278 670 2,409 2 1,125 1,325 67 190 188 1,808 32 1,125 248 229 1,984 283 674 272 98 174 37 64 254 46 1,013 229 1,134 119 51 607 133 203 92 1,651 239 443 2, 312 61 131 1,821 60 321 536 39 75 3 47 72 208 338 931 1,889 79 1 56 9,355 381 315 139 856 1,566 245 18 15 6 204 274 104 464 121 1,302 1 See explanatory notes on page i 4973— Bull. 8—07- -15 222 NEGROES IN THE UNITED STATES. Table 29.— TOTAL AND NEGRO POPULATION IN 1900, 1890, AND 1880, AND NEGRO POPULATION IN 1900 DISTRIBUTED ACCORDING TO SCHOOL, MILITIA, AND VOTING AGES, AND ILLITERACY,^ BY COUNTIES— Continued. Texas . Anderson. Andrews . Angelina . Aransas . . Archer ... Armstrong . Atascosa Austin Bailey Bandera Bastrop. Baylor.. Bee Bell .... Bexar . . Blanco .. Borden , . Bosque . . Bowie . . . Brazoria. Brazos Brewster . Briscoe . . . Brown Buchel... Burleson . Burnet . . . Caldwell . Calhoun . . Callahan . Cameron . Cami) Carson Castro Chambers . Cherokee . . Childress . . Clay Cochran Coke Coleman Collin Collingsworth . Colorado Comal Comanche Concho Cooke Coryell Cottle Crane Crockett Crosby Dallam Dallas Dawson Deaf Smith . Delta Denton . . . Dewitt Dickens . . Dimmit... Donley . . . Duval Eastland . Ector Edwards.. El Paso... Ellis Encinal . Erath.... Falls .... Fannin . . Fayette. . Fisher... Floyd . . . Foard ... Foley poptilation: 1900. Total. 28,015 87 13,481 1,716 2,608 1,205 7,143 20, 676 26,845 3,052 7,720 45,536 69,422 4,703 776 17, 390 26,676 14,861 18,869 2,356 1,263 16,019 18, 367 10,628 21,765 2,395 8,768 16,096 9,146 469 22,841 400 3,046 26,154 2,138 9,231 25 3,430 10,077 60, 087 3,233 22,203 7,008 23,009 •1,427 27,494 21,308 1,002 51 1,691 788 146 82, 726 37 843 1S>249 28,318 21, 311 1,151 1,106 2,756 17,971 381 3,108 24,886 50, 059 Negro. Total. U, 615 2,156 189 2 2 277 6,193 10,369 16 476 3,812 8,630 224 2 846 10,199 8,219 8,846 80 29, 966 33, 342 51,793 36,642 3,708 2,020 1,568 8,321 264 5,687 271 26 177 4,354 2 8,908 829 8,196 1 44 310, 135 Males. 6,640 'i,'366' 83 1 1 163 3,147 2 90 2,456 2 9,638 269 14 1,875 13,646 1 967 2,067 4,940 11 620 679 11, 985 5,465 10,394 5,187 9 234 1,843 4,077 99 1 443 5,107 4,384 4,660 41 Fe- males. 6,975 850 106 1 1 124 3,046 42 5,182 7 242 1,969 4,463 126 1 402 5,092 3,835 4,345 130 2,780 132 13 133 2,171 1 4,449 423 4,129 1 23 2 65 1,289 2 4,738 117 9 907 296 1,040 2,363 2,427 306 6,237 2,690 5,204 2 5 3,976 134 2,907 139 12 44 2,183 1 4,459 406 4,067 POPDLATION: 1890. Total. 20, 923 24 6,306 1,824 2,101 944 6,459 17, 859 3,796 20,736 2,695 3,720 33, 377 49,266 4,649 222 14,224 20, 267 11,506 16, 660 710 4,895 142 5 968 274 ..... 7,029 1 458 1,027 2,577 1 5 234 273 5,748 2,776 5,190 1 11,421 298 13, 001 10, 747 15, 769 816 5,467 14,424 6,624 356 22,584 2,241 22,975 1,175 7,503 Negro. !,171 1,502 601 137 12 285 6,185 317 2,660 5,504 210 5 641 7,591 8,523 8,433 13 population: 1880. Total. 17, 396 5,239 996 596 31 4,217 14,429 ' See explanatory notes on page i 2,059 6,112 36, 736 357 19,512 6,398 15, 608 1,065 24,696 16,873 240 15 194 346 112 67,042 29 179 9,117 21,289 14,307 296 1,049 1,066 7,698 10,373 224 1,970 15,678 31, 774 2,744 21,594 20,706 38,709 31,481 2,996 529 25" * Includes 73 11 5,727 307 4,878 168 31 108 3,296 1 8,612 767 7,706 2 102 69 2,525 8,845 180 14 1,361 459 11, 177 1 728 1,707 3,995 37 40 7 26 1 6 377 3,376 6 723 7,961 4,241 8,446 15 2,168 17,215 716 2,298 20,518 30, 470 3,583 36 11, 217 10,965 9,774 13, 676 Negro. 393,384 7,775 834 79 7 279 3,939 31 7,306 6 153 1,734 3,867 168 12 8,414 9,243 6,855 11, 767 1,739 3,463 14, 969 5,931 16,724 2,187 16,723 25 5,046 26,983 16, 673 5,546 8,608 800 20, 391 10,924 24 '""m' 82 33,488 24 38 6,597 18,143 10,082 28 665 160 6,732 4,865 3,845 21,294 1,902 11,796 16, 240 25,601 27, 996 136 3 498 4,331 7,524 6,250 3,886 ■ 248 4,034 547 24 117 2,846 437,710 NEGEO population: 1900. Both sexes 10 years and over. Total. 8,143 141 2 2 194 1,262 Illiter- ates. 5,708 1 26 35 1,979 7,686 270 79 17 814 385 4,947 1 1 1,070 2,938 16 1 47 2,539 1 257 6,673 3,416 8,763 1 7,.051 11 330 2,776 6,681 179 2 563 7,303 5,930 6,290 29 148 5,923 194 3,887 192 24 166 2,902 2 6,848 666 5,452 1 36 1 75 1,863 2 6,829 223 1,391 424 10, 787 1 637 1,457 3,429 42 2 6 528 3,645 434 8,488 4,078 7,240 2 5 670 23 1 2 94 2,951 4 1,471 29 2 171 3,045 2,712 2, 800 11 5 to 20 years, ■ inclusive. Males. 127,884 131, 607 421 41 1 59 1,277 Fe- males. 113,343 335 60 2,489 91 1,398 60 22 1,371 2 2,489 340 2,244 1 22 735 1 3,065 49 . 6 418 3,049 253 535 65 1,105 168 3,025 1,349 2,501 2 2 21 2,345 4 97 736 1,380 40 1 174 2,083 1,869 1,739 49 1,234 51 4 26 926 "2,"65i' 1B9 1,800 2 20 481 1 1,963 44 6 328 173 2,820 220 444 106 2,560 1,099 2,285 1 1 57 1,284 19 2,343 3 107 804 1,557 60 1 155 2,129 1,638 1,807 13 35 1,672 47 1,343 54 4 17 930 1 2,056 166 1,798 14 457 2,004 61 2 390 120 2,663 191 •452 1,152 1,000 110 2,493 1,183 2,251 Males 18 to 44 years, inolu- 2,001 762 32 1 1,091 14 1,704 3 78 734 1,886 32 140 2,013 1,603 1,666 23 1,707 43 6 97 701 1 146 1,333 1 12 30 500 1 44 2 376 3,198 870 817 2 238 1,004 120 2,346 1,041 1,741 1 2 Males 21 years and oyer. Total. 136,875 2,323 762 38 1 . 22 2,037 3 93 842 2,277 40 187 2,354 1,956 2,085 26 63 101 862 1 1,618 169 1,641 1 16 618 1 460 98 8,607 457 927 1,174 165 2,751 1,206 2,134 1 1 4 persons specially enumerated in 1890, but not distributed by oountey Illiter- ates. GENERAL TABLES. 223 Table 29.— TOTAL AND NEGRO POPULATION IN 1900, 1890, AND 1880, AND NEGRO POPULATION IN 1900 DISTRIBUTED ACCORDING TO SCHOOL, MILITIA, AND VOTING AGES, AND ILLITERACY,i BY COUNTIES-Continued. Texas— Continued . Fort Bend Franklin Ifreestone Frio Gaines Galveston . Garza Gillespie... Glasscock. . Goliad Gonzales . Gray Grayson . Gregg ..- Grimes - . Guadalupe . Hale Hall Hamilton... Hansford . . . Hardeman . Hardin Harris Harrison . . Hartley Haskell Hays Hemphill... Henderson . Hidalgo Hill Hockley Hood Hopkins Houston Howard Hunt Hutchinson . Irion Jack Jackson . . . Jasper Jeff Dayis . Jefferson .. Johnson . . Jones Karnes ... Kaufman . Kendall . . Kent Kerr Kimble. King... Kinney. Knox . . . Lamar Lamb Lampasas . Lasalle Layaca Lee Leon Liberty Limestone . Lipscomb.. Live Oak . Llano Loving . . . Lubbock.. Lynn McCuUoeh . McLennan . McMullen . . Madison Marion Martin Mason Matagorda . Maverick . . . Medina POPULATION: 1900. Total. 16,538 8,674 18, 910 4,200 55 44, 116 185 8,229 286 8,310 28,882 480 63, 661 12,343 26, 106 21,386 1,680 1,670 13, 520 167 3,634 5,049 63,786 31,878 377 2,637 14,142 815 19, 970 6,837 41, 355 44 9,146 27,950 25, 452 2,528 47,295 303 848 10,224 6,094 7,138 1,150 14,239 33,819 7,053 8,681 33,376 4,U>3 4,980 2,503 490 2,447 2,322 48, 627 31 8,625 2,303 28, 121 14, 595 18,072 8,102 32,573 790 2,268 7,301 33 293 17 3,960 59,772 1,024 10,432 10,754 332 5,573 6,097 4,066 7,783 Negro. Total. 10,814 929 8,302 163 8,798 2 105 1 1,806 8,642 13 7,742 6,898 14, 327 5,187 7 1 18 948 19,894 21, 697 1 5 2,132 2 4,347 110 2,973 Males. 5,926 4,189 90 241 3,808 10,342 86 4 115 2,189 2,996 42 3,945 1,147 4 633 6,092 235 148 6 11,007 370 63 4,890 4,343 6,937 2,366 6,354 31 14,406 33 2,458 7,147 2 54 3,791 195 356 3,987 2 54 1 4,235 10 3,809 3,368 7,049 2,578 2 511 9,338 10, 603 1 5 1,064 1 2,266 51 1,474 Fe- males. 4,888 446 4,113 73 4,811 51 "m 4,407 3 3,933 3,640 7,278 population: 1890. Total. 115 1,892 6,135 39 2,163 1,082 1,479 31 2,003 564 3,210 114 9 437 10, 556 11,094 1,068 1 2,081 ■ 59 126 1,916 5,207 47 2,177 62 1,107 1,517 11 1,942 583 2 328 218 5,503 176 32 2,391 2.183 3,467 1,201 3,285 131 5,504 194 31 2,499 2,160 3,470 1,165 3,069 10, 586 6,481 16, 987 3,112 68 31, 476 14 7,056 208 5,910 18,016 203 63, 211 9,402 21,312 15,217 721 703 9,313 133 3,904 3,966 37,249 26, 721 262 1,665 11,362 519 12, 285 6, 634 27, 683 Negro. 8,981 819 6,675 102 7,009 14 17 7,032 7,373 20 13 1,248 1,210 3,487 3,660 1 1 27 27 1,942 1,849 103 92 171 185 7,614 20, 572 19, 360 1,210 31, 886 68 870 9,740 3,281 5,592 1,394 6,857 22, 313 3,797 3,637 21,698 3,826 324 4,462 2,243 173 3,781 1,134 37, 302 4 7,584 2,139 21,887 11,962 13,841 4,230 21,678 632 2,055 6,772 3 33 24 3,217 39, 204 1,038 8,512 10,862 264 6,180 3,986 108 'i,"644' 6,869 1 6,712 5,349 11,664 4,416 3 1 13 POPULATION: 1880. Total. 21 967 13, 522 18, 191 1 2,171 9 2,988 2,096 274 2!, 838 8,467 34 2,963 2 2 97 1,822 2,378 37 2,218 852 7 544 3,176 216 5,280 14,921 2,130 8 24,121 36 5,228 5,832 14,840 56 38, 108 8,630 18, 603 12, 202 Negro. 7,508 614 6, 662 65 5,661 1 132 106 5 2 263 36 6,365 18 60 1,870 27, 985 25, 177 100 48 7,565 149 9,736 4,347 16, 554 6,126 16, 461 16, 702 50 17,230 60 6,626 2,723 6,779 1,666 4,861 1 4,648 4,711 10, 276 3,455 NEGRO POPULATION: 1900. Both sexes 10 years and over. Total. 7,976 619 6,597 95 1 236 10,816 17,196 2 1,475 3 2,094 114 1,298 198 2,153 7,233 2 1,211 7,229 2 73 1 1,305 5,807 11 6,751 4,717 9,790 3,619 2 Illiter- ates. 4,176 308 2,409 26 1,741 2 27 7 1 16 672 16,046 14, 949 1 6 1,468 2 2,912 64 2,113 1,412 2,538 3,489 1,199 17, 911 574 9,378 262 67 4,263 3,102 6,377 1,715 4,459 12 10,381 44 2,070 6,989 31 2,621 142 5,730 ' See explanatory notes on page 99, 646 3,270 15, 448 2,763 92 2,168 1,343 40 4,487 77 27, 193 5,421 789 13,641 8,937 12,817 4,999 16, 246 1,994 4,962 25 9 1,533 26,934 701 6,396 10, 983 12 2,655 3,940 2,967 4,492 4 489 1,974 176 1 476 6,729 172 14 3,420 1,966 6,102 2,433 3,171 2 76 66 22 7,643 47 1,702 7,210 41 2,524 94 277 183 2,661 7,012 64 3,089 438 2,120 4 1,973 1,974 4,469 1,127 5 to 20 years, inclusive. 2,108 223 1,814 39 2 103 5,170 6,614 3 444 2 924 20 703 4 70 1,476 1,917 33 3,030 826 4 456 4,365 168 106 6 279 51 3,259 3,007 4,563 1,633 4,418 67 948 2, 918 20 1,059 21 1 385 1,939 3 1,455 1,402 3,044 1,189 Fe- males. 1,978 182 1,842 31 1,391 19 180 3,186 4,661 1 478 963 20 378 2,034 2 1,547 1,675 3,231 1,208 Males 18 to 44 years, inclu- sive. 2,373 164 1,426 18 171 3,679 4,998 492 "926 1,919 1 9 1 264 1,446 4 1,530 1,081 2,326 832 Males 21 years and over. 8 217 4,204 3,303 Illiter- ates. 3,097 177 1,686 29 2,391 2 22 381 1,592 6 1,899 1,361 2,888 4 371 643 771 10 740 244 3 131 1,621 49 1,008 84 18 1,220 1,012 1,869 873 1,687 59 838 2,269 12 873 25 10, 703 24 1,611 4,974 2 36 2,654 147 234 17 3,243 8 760 2,171 1 7 1,066 33 67 1 13 476 713 10 666 211 131 1,231 45 2,206 62 6 1,075 977 1,489 602 631 ""'"59' 895 2,293 16 890 19 504 714 6 757 245 138 1,223 63 62 2,371 2,739 8 537 1,527 14 788 41 78 70 15 1,078 954 1,570 613 1,349 806 17 41 635 1,732 14 897 2 16 361 400 8 1,036 225 1 100 1,396 36 267 5,241 4,271 1 4 420 1 925 23 619 1,636 17 820 40 96 120 2,156 74 20 756 714 1,149 414 1,229 49 768 2,073 20 13 7 2,903 7 420 1,066 3 27 420 491 17 1,124 275 2 139 1,526 51 2,605 1,717 109 791 860 1,363 615 1,427 9 684 40 38 3,431 10 490 1,438 844 65 65 556 2 10 170 763 2 734 724 1,666 406 1 41 1,888 2,402 3 152 1 340 262 21 341 1,066 9 411 1 15 194 276 6 310 94 2 56 600 24 13 4 28 1, 129 32 11 420 364 664 305 630 4 1,251 7 291 762 1 4 400 14 27 224 NEGROES IN THE UNITED STATES. Table 29.-T0TAL AND NEGRO POPULATION IN 1900, 1890, AND 1880, AND NEGRO POPULATION IN 1900 DISTRIBUTED ACCORDING TO SCHOOL, MILITIA, AND VOTING AGES, AND ILLITERACY,.' BY COUNTIES— Continued. Texas — Continued. Menard Midland Milam Mills Mitchell Montague Montgomery Moore Morris Motley Nacogdoches Navarro Newton Nolan Nueces Ochiltree Oldham Orange Palo pinto Panola Parker Farmer Pecos Polk Potter Presidio Bains Randall Bed River Reeves Refugio...'. Roberts Robertson Rockwall Runnels Rusk Sabine San Augustine San Jacinto San Patricio San Saba Schleicher Scurry Shackelford Shelby Sherman Smith Somervell Starr Stephens Sterling Stonewall Sutton Swisher Tarrant Taylor Terry Throckmorton Titus Tom Green Travis Trinity Tyler.: Upshur Upton Uvaldo Valverde Van Zandt Victoria Walker Waller Ward Washington Webb Wharton Wheeler Wichita Wilbarger Williamson population; 1900. Total. 2,011 1,741 39, 666 7,851 2,855 24,800 17,067 209 8,220 1,257 24, 663 43, 374 7,282 2,611 10,439 267 349 5,906 12,291 21,404 25,823 34 2,360 14,447 1,820 3,673 6,127 963 29,893 1,847 1,641 620 31,480 8,531 5,379 26,099 6,394 8,434 10,277 2,372 7,569 515 4,158 2,461 20,452 104 37, S70 3,498 11,469 6,466 1,127 2,183 1,727 1,227 52, 376 10,499 48 1,750 12, 292 6,804 47, 386 10,976 11,899 16,266 4,647 5,263 25, 481 13, 678 15,813 14,246 1,451 32, 931 21,851 16, 942 636 5,806 5,759 38,072 Negro. Total. 20 66 10, 473 13 140 26 6,619 6,677 9,072 2,486 20 677 1 1,018 292 9,204 865 22 4,849 15 53 539 1 8,422 12 461 9 16,747 402 11,039 1,752 2,921 5,531 134 4,117 3 16,043 6 141 5 5 '5,"766 178 2 2,148 13,299 2,813 2,389 4,957 129 166 1,366 3,787 8,319 7,871 3 16,039 205 8,717 14 204 43 4,832 7 30 5,348 5 69 11 3,280 3,403 4,621 1,180 12 269 1 538 139 13 2,482 7 31 259 1 4,261 232 4 8,489 222 16 5,499 891 1,444 2,795 16 29 66 2,087 118 4 2,854 84 2 1,076 461 6,473 1,465 1,251 2,435 59 76 701 1,826 4,268 3,877 7,879 149 4,524 7 103 22 2,231 Fe- males. 13 26 5,125 8 71 16 3,339 3,274 4,461 1,305 480 163 4,578 ' 9 2,367 8 22 280 4,161 4 8,268 180 18 5,540 861 1,477 2,736 20 32 1,239 3 23 1 2,902 1,072 437 6,826 1,368 1,138 2,522 70 81 664 1,961 4,061 3,994 3 8,160 56 4,193 7 101 21 2,101 population: 1890. Total. 1,215 1,033 24,773 5,493 2,069 18,863 11,765 15 6,680 139 15,984 26,373 4,650 1,573 8,093 198 270 4,770 8,320 14,328 21, 682 7 1,326 10,332 849 1,698 3,909 187 21,452 1,247 1,239 326 26,506 5,972 3,193 18, 669 4,969 6,688 7,360 1,312 6,641 155 1,415 2,012 14,365 34 28,324 3,419 10, 749 4,926 1,024 658 100 41, 142 6,967 21 902 8,190 5,162 36, 322 7,648 10,877 12,696 62 3,804 2,874 16, 226 8,737 12,874 10,888 77 29, 161 14,842 7,584 778 4,831 7,092 26,909 Negro. 6,220 67 87 5,488 4,257 6,266 1,558 32 707 67 6,350 8 3,837 14 26 416 6,628 7 324 2 14, 142 216 31 7,624 1,084 2,131 4,328 25 63 4 2 167 2,954 1 12,690 6 10 5 4,316 174 11 1,760 202 ,10,090 1,903 2,392 3,929 1 108 1,098 3,619 7,232 6,703 3 15,200 214 6,119 16 128 26 2,755 population: 1880. Total. 1,239 18,659 ""m 11,267 10,164 6,032 24 11,590 21, 702 4,359 640 7,673 287 2,938 6,885 12,219 15, 870 1,807 7,189 28 2,873 3,035 1,585 32 22,383 2,984 18, 986 4,161 5,084 6,186 1,010 5,324 102 2,037 9,523 21,863 2,649 8,304 4,725 104 4 24,671 1,736 711 5,959 3,616 27,028 4,916 6,826 10,266 2,541 12,619 6,289 12, 024 9,024 27, 665 5,273 4,549 512 433 126 16,155 Negro. 37 "3,'984' 47 5,220 2,043 3,040 6,344 1,507 5 629 463 86 4,924 127 2,611 2 429 250 6,242 10, 926 83 13 8,169 993 1,915 3,293 74 136 2,154 10,367 24 211 25 2,160 646 8,599 1,162 1,602 3,381 1,163 2,406 6,766 14,719 184 3,631 1,631 NEGRO population: 1900. Both sexes 10 years and over. Total. 11 45 7,184 11 95 22 4,656 4,368 6,416 1,617 13 466 1 779 235 5,941 607 20 3,224 14 35 362 1 5,767 12 320 7 11,943 272 31 7,317 1,099 1,887 3,723 25 49 7 103 2,666 10,888 5 138 5 6 '4,"662 135 2 .1, 423 652 9,693 1,954 1,634 3,257 ' See explanatory notes on page S 105 940 2,720 6,681 6, 642 3 11,371 186 6,098 10 166 28 3,044 Illiter- ates. 3,067 5 30 10 1,785 844 1,975 2,160 612 6 132 1 260 74 2,592 162 7 1,316 7 16 49 2,448 1 96 3 4,898 88 3 3,139 529 937 1,935 1,342 1 4,440 2 24 2 3 "i,'262' 46 1 582 352 2,834 815 710 1,417 27 35 375 1,029 2,179 1,964 2 4,476 20 2,516 5 52 9 737 5 to 20 jrears, inclusive. 2 10 2,131 3 25 5 1,376 730 1,440 1,829 521 4 110 169 31 2, 553 141 2 1,034 1 11 102 1,899 2 109 1 2,516 404 648 1,235 19 968 2 1,325 3 11 • 1 2 '96i' 28 429 164 2,606 602 563 1,103 25 24 284 819 1,824 3,232 32 1,914 6 879 Fe- males. 5 7 2,231 2 29 6 1,405 1,469 1,902 609 2 123 189 46 2,040 175 3 1,016 4 1,857 2 96 2 3,466 71 7 2,471 382 631 1,223 9 12 2 1,002 29 476 168 2,756 578 505 1,104 28 37 290 821 1,751 1,790 3,432 19 1,858 3 32 Males 18 to 44 years, inclu sive. 2 16 1,962 2 26 '4 1,164. 617 1,208 1,843 399 2 106 1 275 72 1,460 151 7 832 5 6 95 1 1,445 4 76 2 3,132 101 8 1,713 269 426 904 4 15 4 21 641 1 2,594 107 2 1 "i,'s73' 35 1 374 184 2,514 593 436 762 18 29 268 607 1,375 1,307 2,671 117 1,600 5 61 11 Males 21 years and over. Total. 19 2,414 2 37 6 1,440 610 1,360 2,112 454 5 135 1 313 98 1,701 197 10 1,018 6 16 110 1 3 3,911 110 7 2,027 320 542 1,109 6 15 4 31 763 1 3,132 1,684 46 2 454 237 3,023 663 515 914 304 769 1,790 1,683 3,548 114 1,954 12 1,011^ GENERAL TABLES. 225 Table 29 — TOTAL AND NEGRO POPULATION IN 1900, 1890, AND 1880, AND NEGRO POPULATION IN 1900 DISTRIBUTED ACCORDING TO SCHOOL, MILITIA, AND VOTING AGES. AND ILLITERACY,^ BY COUNTIES— Continued. Texas— Continued. Wilson Winkler Wise Wood Yoakum. Young... Zapata. .. Zavalla . . Vi&h Beayer . . . Boxelder . Caclie Carbon . . . Davia Emery. . . Garfield . Grand . - , Iron Juab Kane Millard. Morgan. Kute... Eich Salt Lake. San Juan . Sanpete .. Sevier . • Summit . Tooele... Uinta Utah .... Waaatch Washington . Wayne Weber Vermont . Addison Bennington . Caledonia . . . eiittenden . . Franklin . . Grand Isle. Lamoille .. Orange Orleans Rutland Washington . Windham ... Windsor Virginia^. Accomac Albemarle Charlottesville city' . Alexandria Alexandria city ' Alleghany Amelia Amherst Appomattox .. Augusta Staunton city'. Bath Bedford.... Bland Botetourt. . . Brunswick . Buchanan Buckingham Campbell Lynchburg city ' . Caroline POPDLATION: 1900. Total. 13,961 60 27, 116 21, 048 26 6,640 4,760 792 276,749 3,613 10, 009 18, 139 6,004 7,996 4,667 3,400 1,149 3,546 10, 082 1,811 5,678 2,046 1,964 1,946 77, 725 1,023 16, 313 8,451 9,439 7,361 6,458 32,456 4,736 4,612 1,907 25, 239 343,641 21, 912 21,705 24,381 39,600 8,056 30, 198 4,462 12,289 19, 313 22,024 44,209 36, 607 26,660 • 32,225 1,854,184 32, 570 28,473 6,449 6,430 14,628 16, 330 9,037 17, 864 9,662 32,370 7,289 6,595 30,366 5,497 17,161 18,217 9,692 15, 266 23, 256 18,891 16,709 Negro. Total. 1,114 167 4,012 7 "i' 672 336 1 12 9 5 214 7 67 165 5 153 1 74 11 9 18 13 146 29 64 71 660, 722 11, 825 10, 337 2,613 2,467 4,013 5,985 7,057 3,931 5,700 1,828 1,006 9,739 212 3,877 10, 842 5 7,851 9,615 8,264 9,042 Males. 81 2,011 1 454 182 1 202 4 1 "'36 454 6 12 7 81 20 33 42 323, 469 6,024 4,932 1,040 1,244 2,067 2,414 2,995 3,491 1,897 2,794 727 660 4,771 113 2,009 6,307 2 3,768 4,566 3,279 4,483 Fe- males. 534 86 2,001 154 popclation: 1890. Total. 10, 655 18 24, 134 13, 932 4 5,049 3,562 1,097 3,340 7,642 16,609 21 372 34 33 81 84 2 3 82 71 1 42 32 11 65 337, 263 6,801 5,405 1,573 1,223 2,476 1,599 2,990 3,666 2,034 2,906 1,101 466 1,868 5,635 3 4,083 5,049 4,976. 4,559 6,751 5,076 2,457 641 2,683 .5,582 1,685 4,033 1,780 2,842 1,627 58, 457 1,368 13,146 6,199 7,733 3,700 3,783 23, 768 4,428 4,009 22,728 332, 422 22, 277 20,448 23, 436 36,389 9,511 29,765 3,843 12,831 19,675 22,101 45,397 29,606 26,547 31,706 1,656,980 Negro. 1,053 161 1,249 240 2 5 68 127 9 10 87 937 population; 1880. Total. 16, 601 11,212 4,726 3,636 410 143, 963 3,918 6,761 12,662 5,279 78 139 24 183 7 84 6 8 15 12 182 26 103 70 635,438 27,277 32, 379 18,597 9,283 9,068 17,551 9,589 37,006 4,587 31, 213 5,129 14,864 17,246 5,867 14,383 41,087 16, 681 9,730 14, 126 7,236 2,328 6,045 7,628 4,336 8,407 761 11,149 241 3,732 10, 584 24 7,597 19,800 9,322 4,013 3,474 3,085 3,727 1,783 1,651 1,263 31,977 204 11,557 4,457 4,921 4,497 799 17, 973 2,927 4,235 12,344 332,286 24, 173 21, 950 23,607 32,792 7,931 30,226 4,124 12,684 23,626 22,083 41,829 25,404 26, 763 35, 196 1,512,566 Negro. 165 2,558 133 ..... 17 1,057 125 161 16 208 10 94 12 6 17 23 174 34 90 97 631, 616 NEGKO population; 1900. Both sexes 10 years and over. Total. 119 2,789 7 '"i 689 278 1 9 211 7 2 "43 678 24,408 32, 618 17,546 5,586 10,377' 18,709 10,080 35,710 4,482 31,205 5,004 14, 809 16,707 6,694 15, 540 36,250 17,243 16,659 7,674 1,132 7,340 8,702 4,927 9,310 961 12, 677 , 284 4,650 10, 686 33 8,773 18, 953 9,628 478,921 213,836 52 129 4 132 1 60 11 9 17 114 25 54 62 Illiter- ates. 160 45 1,166 20 15 5 to 20 years, inclusive. Males. 268 40 853 8,022 7,360 2,026 1,984 3,644 3,167 4,197 4,909 2,647 4,173 1,492 6,778 144 2,782 7,462 5 5,487 6,649 6,563 6,209 4,321 2,656 680 632 900 1,389 2,071 2,268 1,431 1,623 451 292 3,318 62 1,049 4,020 4 3,240 3,252 2,476 2,970 Fe- males. 243 1 ..... 126 132,674 136,288 2,685 2,177 433 439 702 719 1,332 1,567 844 1,164 272 192 2,142 49 861 2,366 1 1,686 2,029 1,163 2,192 Males 18 to 44 inclu- sive. 184 26 698 1 "'i' 327 104 1 4 4 1 185 2 1 "26' 204 2,302 2,227 596 453 860 613 1,286 1,465 884 1,190 387 169 2,095 40 799 2,454 115,872 Males 21 years and over. Total. 215 29 842 139 1 1,790 2,197 1,769 2,041 2,108 1,407 365 632 825 1,448 889 1,108 501 918 299 273 1,348 36 668 1,602 1 1,054 1,322 1,286 1,197 4 2 174 1 "23 289 63 32 10 5 9 2 49 16 18 28 146,122 2,470 2,018 1,682 1,006 472 182 679 261 1,146 298 1,444 714 1,219 775 1,419 792 736 469 1,275 685 392 129 296 123 1,916 1,193 45 25 891 417 2,136 1,397 1 1,545 1,084 1,845 1,148 1,700 760 1,618 973 ' Includfes 27 peisons ( • See explanatory iote^^°»,?f «,^i „f ^ 37^ „„, l^Uy enumerated in 1890) not distributed by counti^es ies in Virginia, the cities of Alexandria, Bristol, Buena Vista, Charlottesville, Danville, Fredericksburg^ nouth, Eadford, Richmond, Roanoke, Staunton, Williamsburg, and Winchester have been msr--' they~were foriiieriy included. This deviation from the alphabetical order was made m order to bring the figures Lynchburg, Manchester, Newport »JASSfc3KfWS£l«iSS=S=SSE^^ those for 1900. 226 NEGROES IN THE UNITED STATES. Table 29.— TOTAL AND NEGRO POPULATION IN 1900, 1890, AND 1880, AND NEGRO POPULATION IN 1900 DISTRIBUTED ACCORDING TO SCHOOL, MILITIA, AND VOTING AGES, AND ILLITERACY,^ BY COUNTIES— Continued. Virginia— Continued. Carroll Charles City Charlotte Chesterfield Manchester city ' Clarke Craig Culpeper Cumberland. Dickenson... Dinwiddie Elizabeth City . Essex Fairfax Fauquier Floyd Fluvanna Franklin Frederick Winchester city = . Giles Gloucester. . Goochland . Grayson Greene Greenesville Halifax Hanover Henrico Elchmond city 2. Henry Highland Isle of Wight James City Williamsburg city 2. King and Queen . Zing George King William Lancaster Lee Loudoun . . . Louisa Lunenburg. Madison Mathews . . . Mecklenburg. . Middlesex Montgomery . . Eadf ord city 2 . Nansemond . . . Nelson New Kent Norfolk Norfolk city 2 Portsmouth city 2. Northampton ...-. Northumberland . Nottoway Orange Page Patrick Pittsylvania Danville city 2.. Powhatan Prince Edward . Prince George . . Prince William. Princess Anne.. Pulaski Eappahannock. Elchmond Boanoke Eoanokecity2 Eookbridge Buena Vista city^ . POPULATION: 1900. 19,303 6,040 15,343 IS, 804 9,715 7,927 4,293 14, 123 8,996 7,747 15,374 19,460 9,701 18,580 23, 374 15,388 9,050 25,953 13, 239 5,161 10,793 12, 832 9,519 16,853 6,214 9,758 37, 197 17, 618 30,062 85,050 19,265 5,647 IS, 102 3,688 2,044 9,265 6,918 8,380 8,949 19,856 21,948 16,517 11,705 10, 216 8,239 26,651 8,220 15, 852 3,344 23,078 16,075 4,866 60, 780 46, 624 17,427 13,770 9,846 12,366 12,671 13,794 15,403 46, 894 16, 520 6,824 16, 045 7,752 11,112 11,192 14, 609 8,843 7,088 15,837 21, 495 21, 799 2,388 Negro. Total. 3,696 8,646 7,699 2,231 261 6,053 6,206 9,600 8,582 6,125 5,003 8,298 1,076 4,011 5,947 753 1,106 799 6,608 5,558 959 1,431 6,366 19,276 7,898 12, 816 32,230 378 6,268 2,342 678 6,259 3,322 4,962 4,891 740 6,868 8,621 6,572 3,621 2,395 16, 198 4,536 2,926 466 12,962 6,672 3,204 31,600 20,230 6,625 7,627 4,166 7,400 6,519 1,440 1,624 21,289 6,616 4,481 9,769 4,858 2,871 5,687 3,237 2,722 2,929 3,845 6,834 4,084 410 I Males. 164 1,890 4,136 3,894 1,542 1,084 147 2,983 3,114 4,935 4,236 3,112 S,494 4,124 514 1,895 2,741 401 472 407 3,362 2,866 442 682 3,079 9,277 3,941 6,311 14,364 4,001 193 3,204 1,212 300 2,601 1,724 2,479 2,510 387 2,937 4,107 3,271 1,684 1,267 7,783 2,371 1,403 219 6,492 2,713 1,626 16,039 9,492 2,679 3,864 2,120 3,689 2,685 695 804 10, 175 2,695 2,247 4,807 2, 462 1,442 8,003 1,681 1,344 1,499 1,873 2,689 1,928 196 Fe- males. 175 1,806 4,409 3,806 1,796 1,147 114 3,070 3,091 4,665 4,346 3,013 2,509 4,174 561 2,116 3,206 352 633 392 3,256 2,692 517 749 3,277 9,998 3,957 6,605 17, 876 4,382 185 3,064 1,130 378 2,668 1,698 2,483 2,381 2,931 4,514 3,301 1,837 1,138 8,416 2,165 1,622 237 6,470 2,959 1,678 16,661 10, 738 2,946 3,763 2,046 3,811 2,834 745 820 11, 114 3,820 2,234 4,962 2,396 1,429 2,684 1,566 1,878 1,430 1,972 3,246 2,166 215 population: 1890. Total. 15, 497 6,066 15, 077 26,211 8,071 3,835 13,233 9,482 5,077 13,615 16, 168 10,047 16,655 22,590 14,405 9,508 24,985 9,090 U, 663 9,958 14,394 5,622 8,230 34,424 17,402 103, 394 18,208 5,352 11,313 6,643 9,669 6,641 9,606 7,191 18, 216 23,274 16, 997 11,372 10,225 7,684 25,359 7,458 17,742 19,692 16,336 5,611 77,038 10, 313 7,886 11,582 12,814 13,092 14,147 59, 941 6,791 14,694 7,872 9,806 9,510 12, 790 8,678 7,146 30, 101 23, 062 Negro. 358 3,717 9,361 2,464 149 6,086 6,622 26 8,394 7,774 6,462 6,069 7,904 1,175 4,467 6,248 2,228 837 6,216 5,874 6,311 19, 416 8,211 8,283 422 6,144 3,326 5,430 3,208 5,686 4,020 1,213 6,578 9,805 6, 736 3,966 2,137 16,030 4,317 3,615 10,766 6,303 3,546 6,479 3,090 7,623 6,241 1,772 2,068 29,091 4,433 9,924 5,132 2,596 4,130 3,120 2,815 3,148 9,005 5,131 population: 1880. Total. 13, 323 6,512 16,653 3 25,086 7,682 3,794 13, 408 10,540 3 32,870 10, 689 11, 032 16,025 22, 993 13,256 10,802 25,084 17,653 8,794 11,876 10, 292 13,068 5,830 8,407 33,588 18,588 82, 703 16,009 5,164 10, 572 10,502 6,397 8,761 6,160 15,116 23,634 18,942 11,535 10,562 7,501 24,610 6,262 16,693 15,903 16, 536 5,516 58,657 9,162 7,929 11, 156 13,062 9,965 12,833 52,589 7,817 14, 668 » 10, 054 9,180 9,394 8,755 9,291 7,195 13, 105 20,003 Negro. 346 3,761 10, 949 11,521 2,537 236 6,623 7,417 S18, 428 6,531 7,569 5,264 9,305 1,274 5,290 8,015 2,556 1,109 6,633 6,234 997 1,825 5,650 20, 295 9,282 37, 878 7,396 449 4,565 3,195 6,078 3,236 5,464 3,634 922 7,243 11,531 6,924 4,656 2,459 16,388 3,634 4,227 8,176 7,508 3,232 6,263 3,483 8,144 6,842 1,119 2,734 27, 200 5,091 9,914 "6,799 2,600 4,262 2,462 3,536 NEGEO population: 1900. Both sexes 10 years and over. Total. 216 2,515 5,930 5,496 2,666 1,687 189 4,127 4,244 1 See explanatory notes on page 5 6,965 6,902 4,413 3,537 5,823 705 2,900 3,996 644 561 4,660 4,026 658 968 4,812 13,468 6,739 r 9, 531 [26, 643 ■5, 702 270 4,396 r 1, 632 647 2,279 3,461 3,496 629 4,226 6,133 4,342 2,489 1,749 11, 168 3,139 ■ 2, 106 333 9,246 3,884 2,262 ■23, 562 16, 601 4,533 5,222 2,856 5,196 3,883 1,034 1,100 14,560 6,168 3,175 6,814 3,507 2,073 4,073 2,322 1,900 2,024 2,830 4,513 8,040 306 Illiter- ates. 120 1,450 3,648 2,570 962 533 46 1,989 2,140 3,333 1,911 1,977 1,252 2,444 1,496 2,325 193 283 275 1,895 2,016 347 460 2,447 6,469 3,017 4,039 8,672 2,916 131 2,629 932 202 1,666 1,080 1,767 1,729 234 1,863 2,739 2,372 1,164 679 6,618 1,433 869 100 4,426 2,012 838 9,127 6,389 1,692 2,762 1,270 1,981 1,678 608 600 7,868 2,266 1,643 3,189 1,864 857 1,989 896 890 1,172 1,063 1,173 1,205 149 6 to 20 years, inclusive. Males. 813 1,927 1,587 593 466 64 1,386 1,442 Fe- males. 1,947 1,461 1,412 1,020 1,828 223 837 1,312 170 178 177 1,423 1,273 192 320 1,319 4,252 1,892 2,478 4,560 1,780 100 1,269 504 113 1,222 808 1,196 1,070 164 1,283 1,852 1,543 773 3,463 1,026 589 71 2,514 1,208 782 5,632 2,657 846 1,576 916 1,609 1,243 301 371 4,455 1,048 1,054 2,226 1,079 630 1,125 678 646 681 775 870 798 76 72 777 1,924 1,604. 708 476 38 1,352 1,369 1,778 1,589 1,321 995 1,814 263 917 1,608 140 218 171 1,373 1,198 223 318 1,401 4,388 1,782 2,447 5,719 1,881 82 1,286 497 140 1,236 711 1,097 1,033 149 1,247 1,971 1,463 803 461 3,545 910 608 91 2,620 1,276 770 5,703 3,254 960 1,660 898 1,594 1,202 315 348 4,803 1,313 994 2,117 997 689 1,126 628 567 629 811 1,182 919 18 to 44 years. Inclu- sive. 42 678 1,121 1,349 709 315 69 793 879 1,861 1,817 1,005 736 1,243 148 634 669 132 178 142 1,161 948 136 183 971 2,761 1,179 2,459 7,191 1,196 49 1,207 398 92 691 529 745 957 134 915 1,069 874 440 455 2,231 878 430 100 2,661 708 480 7,386 5,221 1,300 1,361 732 1,037 709 220 227 2,966 1,141 620 1,405 812 480 1,206 694 467 622 1,247 682 91 Males 21 years and over. Total, ^i'ter- 777 1,697 1,753 67 1,138 1,202 2,342 2,384 1,287 1,108 1,648 198 792 979 182 248 168 1,480 1,218 179 250 1,213 3,651 1,662 3,022 8,472 1,538 67 1,433 530 149 944 1,111 160 1,247 1,666 1,187 669 3,056 1,012 612 110 3,056 1,062 663 8,432 6,872 1,671 1,669 886 1,425 1,049 296 4,033 1,319 886 1,876 1,068 614 1,466 778 686 1,376 904 2Inthe list of counties in Virginia, thecitiesofAlexandria.Bristol, Buena Vista Charlottpsvillp nor„rfiio u'.^.i^ ■ , v. ^ , News, Norfolk, Portsmouth, Radford, Richmond, Roanoke, Staiiiton, WiUiamsburrand WinSer Cvrhil,; T^^^^ they were formerly included. This deviation from the alphabetical order was mlde In S to brinsthP fiS,,rrf'^^JSi"^^'fo!,'y ■'^"^'^ those for 1900. ^ '" ""^"^ '" '^"°& *"« figures for 1890 and 1880 into proper connection with s Petersburg city, formerly in Chesterfield, Dinwiddie, and Prince George counties, now independent . - . -.. o, Manchester, Newport inserted immediately after the counties in which GENERAL TABLES. 227 Table 29.— TOTAL AND NEGEO POPULATION IN 1900, 1890, AND 1880, AND NEGRO POPULATION IN 1900 DISTRIBUTED ACCORDING TO SCHOOL, MILITIA, AND VOTING AGES, AND ILLITERACY,^ BY COUNTIES— Continued. population: 1900. population: 1890. population: 1880. NEQKO population: 1900. COUNTY. Total. Negro. " Total. Negro. Total. Negro. Both sexes 10 years and over. 5 to 20 years, inclusive. Males 18 to 44 years, inclu- sive. Males 21 years and over. Total. Males. Fe- males. Total. Illiter- ates. Males. Fe- males. Total. Illiter- ates. Virginia— Continued. 33,627 18,031 22,694 20,263 17,121 22,848 9,239 5,068 8,097 8,469 12,082 23,384 8,837 4,888 19,636 28,995 4,579 9,243 19,653 20,437 7,482 21, 810 518, 103 2,632 764 627 649 1,170 13,683 3,886 1,621 1,608 6,183 7,961 3,582 1,463 3,729 6,798 2,565 1,027 4,861 1,966 2,783 4,081 10, 761 2,514 1,226 401 322 318 676 6,886 1,926 723 835 2,689 3,972 1,882 751 2,056 3,922 1,267 495 2,476 1,282 1,287 2,045 4,704 1,589 1,407 363 805 331 596 6,798 1,960 898 773 2,494 3,989 1,700 712 1,674 2,876 1,298 532 2,386 683 1,496 2,036 6,047 925 31,299 16,126 21,694 19,671 13,360 20,078 \ 14,233 7,362 8,266 11, 100 19,899 8,280 } 6,650 \ 29,020 8,399 9,346 18,019 7,696 22,680 4357,232 2,814 1,203 968 842 1,224 11,782 6,077 1,469 5,017 7,576 3,504 1,264 3,866 3,798 4,737 682 3,170 4,396 12,221 1,602 29,667 13, 906 17,233 18,204 12,160 18,012 14,828 7,211 7,391 10,062 12,861 7,399 2,258 25,203 8,846 7,772 14,318 7,349 m 75,116 3,433 1,272 676 1,006 1,640 10, 665 6,406 1,663 4,559 6,701 1,914 1,141 1,479 4,086 6,100 101 2,850 4,612 (») 325 1,932 646 431 498 868 9,322 / 2,787 \ 1,249 1,115 3,669 6,467 2,692 1,026 r 2,847 1 5,767 f 1,880 \ 793 3,369 1,623 1,972 2,940 8,404 792 341 224 214 369 4,876 1,259 603 597 1,838 3,066 912 471 1,071 1,366 811 270 1,899 626 817 1,246 3,679 481 160 131 117 246 2,874 868 317 386 1,080 1,662 680 320 687 922 606 168 1,131 328 634 826 1,720 290 616 172 120 146 263 2,877 890 341 335 1,023 1,684 696 313 699 978 516 189 1,064 240 585 811 2,042 238 410 148 126 103 208 2,446 598 261 268 1,024 1,325 860 286 1,078 2,819 406 264 771 887 421 731 1,883 1,009 570 195 141 160 252 2,874 807 822 333 1,243 1,687 964 312 1,145 2,742 592 272 964 849 655 937 2,426 1,230 287 136 gcott ■ 95 86 121 1,618 464 Fredericksburg city ^ Stafford 156 194 664 1,068 354 169 462 657 331 Rriatol citv 2 114 606 Wise 330 Wytlie 278 York 467 1,157 2,226 259 141 4,840 3,366 15,124 3,931 5,603 13,419 7,128 7,877 4,9^6 4,562 486 3,918 1,870 5,712 110,053 6,767 9,704 6,407 15, 157 11,969 3,810 4,689 5,983 55,515 2,928 14,272 1,688 23,950 67,642 10,543 9,927 2,819 18,680 24,116 25,360 13,462 958,800 1 1 2,098 1,680 9,249 2 1 1 29 1 21 1 8 3 921 28 1 6 2 2 i7 1 io 1 6 2,771 11,709 6,709 6,917 3,161 1 • 'I 16 3 638 6,490 7,103 2,062 Clarke 10 6 4 6' 8 9 1 3 2 2 3 1 Cowlitz.: 2" 1 1 2 1 Douglas 14' 1 1 7' 1 1 7" 12 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 5 1 1 1 Franklin 696 3,897 1,787 8,368 63,989 4,624 8,777 6,167 11,499 9,312 2,826 1,467 4,358 50,940 2,072 8,747 774 8,514 37,487 4,341 9,676 2,626 12,224 18,591 19,109 4,429 762,794 Island io' 603 21 401 14 51 8 11 3 2 404 1 16 7' 336 16 267 6 27 6 8 3 1 263 9 3' 267 5 134 8 24 2 3 i' 151 1 6 32' 333 12 318 6 26 7 2 1,087 1,712 6,910 1,738 4 8 34 39 io' 540 18 339 14 37 S 11 3 2 360 1 12 62' 5 73 5 1 2 2 2 i' 67 3 46 ii' 1 62' 1 32 4 10 2 4' 178 • 9 178 4 9 3 6 6' 258 12 204 6 14 3 8 3 1 186 24 King Kitsap 4 52 Klickitat 4,055 2,600 6 28 3 1 Lewis Lincoln Maaon 639 2 3 376 35 2 16 206 13 76 3 34 48 14 2 32,690 1,646 3,319 948 33 64 4 27' 1 3 53' i 48 i 166 12 Pierce 2 2 6 6 1 Skagit 809 1,387 4,262 1,245 3,270 1,598. 8,716 3,137 7,014 2,811 618,457 8 42 3 7 2 30 i' 26,886 ""'ioi' 595 20 10 4 51 33 10 87 43,499 6i" 426 10 4 4 38 19 3 47 25,167 40 170 10 6 is' 14 7 40 18,332 88 561 17 10 3 48 29 10 72 34,303 9 30 2 8 75 1 is 34 3 1 34 323 5 3' 31 11 3 22 13,621 50 341 9 4 S 32 16 3 33 14,786 2 14 Thurston 2 6 1 2 16 11,083 2 6 1 9' 7,977 4 2 2 13 6,846 6 1 9 West Virginia 6,584 14, 198 19,469 8,194 18,904 7,219 29,252 10,266 8,248 13,689 31,987 11,762 7,275 20,683 11,806 6,693 808 1,766 136 187 139 1,637 ,83 18 26 5,857 36 262 1,829 461 46 463 840 68 90 64 801 46 12 15 3,691 20 137 882 232 28 345 925 67 97 76 736 37 6 10 2,166 16 116 947 229 18 12,702 18,702 6,885 13,928 6,660 23,595 8,166 4,669 12,183 20,542 9,746 6,802 18,034 11,419 6,414 498 1,694 170 134 114 1,493 81 '"'isi' 3,054 50 379 1,993 667 21 11,870 17, 380 6,824 9,787 6,013 13,744 6,072 3,460 10, 6.52 11,560 7,108 5,542 16,060 10, 366 4,882 457 1,928 189 104 86 902 74 54' 1,122 47 503 1,981 652 24 680 1,344 97 121 104 1,238 65 16 21 4,533 26 173 1,351 364 137 600 28 67 21 357 10 13 9 1,322 7 75 478 160 19. 169 306 23 28 19 261 26 5 7 1,008 7 48 360 89 5 145 360 26 47 26 265 17 2 4 819 10 49 374 90 7 211 307 21 36 31 403 11 7 8 2,284 7 37 298 88 17 239 428 34 44 36 479 15 7 8 2,306 10 62 417 120 21 61 200 16 22 6 Cabell 183 8 6 Clay 2 764 Gilmer 4 31 187 70 8 ^?S^§?^l^fotcJu^°tLl ?n"fSn?a, the Cities of Alexa^ t^rw"4eTSd'^e-i T^^^^ S^t^'bring'Ve figures for 1890 and 1880 into proper connection with 228 NEGROES IN THE UNITED STATES. Table 29.— TOTAL AND NEGRO POPULATION IN 1900, 1890, AND 1880, AND NEGRO POPULATION IN 1900 DISTRIBUTED ACCORDING TO SCHOOL, MILITIA, AND VOTING AGES, AND ILLITERACY,^ BY COUNTIES— Continued. West Virginia— Cont'd Hardy Harrison Jackson Jefferson Kanawha Lewis Lincoln ... Lo^n McDowell . Marion Marshall . Mason Mercer . . . Mineral ., Mingo Monongalia . Monroe Morgan Nicholas Ohio Pendleton . . Pleasants . . . Pocahontas. Preston , Putnam Baleigh . . . Bandolph . Ritchie Boane Summers . . Taylor.. Tucker . Tyler... Upshur . Wayne . Webster '. . Wetzel Wirt Wood , Wyoming. Wisconsin . Adams .. Ashland. Barron .. Bayfield . Brown... Buffalo Burnett . , . Calumet. . . Chippewa . Clark Columbia. Crawford . , Dane Dodge Door , POPULATION: 1900. Total. Douglas Dunn Eau Claire Florence Fond du Lac . . Forest Grant Green Green Lake . . . Iowa Iron Jackson Jefferson Juneau Kenosha Kewaunee La Crosse Lafayette Langlade Uncoln 8,449 27, 690 22,987 16, 936 64,696 16,980 16,434 6,955 18, 747 32,430 26,444 24, 142 23,023 12,883 11,369 19,049 13,130 7,294 11, 403 48,024 9,167 9,348 8,572 22,727 17,330 12,436 17,670 18,901 19,862 16,265 14, 978 13,433 18,262 14,696 23,619 8,862 22,880 10,284 34,462 8,380 2,069,042 9,141 20, 176 23,677 14, 392 46,369 16, 765 7,478 17,078 33,037 25,848 121 286 438 631 683 335 043 692 3,197 47, 589 Negro. Total, 457 1,252 118 3,941 178 63 61 8,969 482 499 837 2,902 666 299 830 220 19 1,281 123 6 626 162 378 360 619 26 32 1,115 423 363 94 221 321 12 439 64 922 94 190 2 20 Males. 240 800 57 1,995 2,063 4,087 304 419 284 1,684 213 112 10 619 62 4 464 112 217 278 382 9 19 867 228 222 57 104 177 441 60 Fe- males. 104 2 14 77 217 452 88 1,946 1,920 85 22 22 1,882 178 80 263 1,218 329 142 432 108 61 2 161 80 161 82 137 17 13 668. 195 131 37 117 144 6 39 26 481 44 POPULATION: 1890. Total. 7,567 21,919 19,021 15, 663 42,766 15,895 11, 246 11, 101 7,300 20, 721 20, 786 22, 863 16, 002 12,085 15,705 12, 429 6,744 9,309 41, 667 8,711 7,539 6,814 20, 355 14,342 9,597 11,633 16, 621 15,303 13,117 12, 147 6,459 11,962 12, 714 18, 662 4,783 16,841 9,411 28,612 6,247 Negro. 20,063 IB, 416 7,390 39,164 15, 997 4,393 16, 639 28,143 17, 708 28,380 18, 987 59,578 44,984 15, 682 13,468 22,664 30, 673 2,604 44,088 1,012 36, 681 22,732 18, 163 22, 117 15,797 33,830 17, 121 15,881 16,153 38,801 20,268 9,468 12, 008 690 760 87 4,116 3,402 261 211 686 1,591 104 236 759 2,022 481 227 979 276 21 1,098 126 9 353 134 237 36 29 1,127 362 183 2 286 160 24 910 70 6 14 11 4 148 169 34 18 17 90 54 10 68 13 6 7 113 population; 1880. Total. 6,794 20, 181 16, 312 15,005 32,466 13,269 8,739 7,329 3,074 17, 198 18,840 22, 293 7,467 8,630 14, 985 11,801 5,777 7,223 37, 457 8,022 6,266 6,591 19, 091 11, 375 7,367 8,102 13,474 12,184 9,033 11, 456 3,161 11,073 10, 249 14, 739 3,207 13, 896 7,104 28,006 4,322 1,318,497 6,741 1,589 7,024 664 34,078 16,628 3,140 16, 632 18,491 10,718 28,066 16, 644 83, 233 48, 931 11, 646 666 16,817 19, 993 46,889 37,882 21, 729 14,483 23, 628 13,286 32, 156 16,582 13,850 15,807 27, 073 21,279 686 2,011 Negro. 752 889 103 4,045 2,870 323 62 109 3 155 223 859 366 489 317 1,129 197 68 870 26 334 206 355 Il2 64 39 771 26 6 201 220 2 22 13 925 64 NEGEO population: 1900. s 116 319 4 5 26 47 87 96 Both sexes 10 yeaiB and over. Total. 311 1,079 84 2,931 3,132 186 84 50 4,967 414 464 436 2,257 486 268 229 614 168 17 5 622 141 302 460 22 26 327 280 78 176 249 11 416 39 750 64 Illiter- ates. 170 2 16 170 343 29 976 219 129 672 137 160 54 201 64 23 3 186 45 82 165 7 11 265 109 64 8 32 100 4 135 7 126 32 5 to 20 years, inclusive. Males. 39 106 213 27 808 739 26 16 14 1,177 84 72 98 482 105 61 46 170 1 146 29 66 67 123 4 6 212 99 60 12 33 58 Fe- males, 65 26 138 19 321 23 85 163 18 10 8 601 60 23 101 436 117 32 41 196 38 4 196 30 1 68 21 29 52 8 8 210 64 44 7 58 62 144 21 18 1 See explanatory notes on page 99. = Includes 6,480 persons specially enumerated in 1890, but not distributed by counties. Males 18 to 44 years, inclu- 87 822 18 684 968 42 23 21 3,022 213 346 106 1,041 148 168 73 130 49 2 329 12 2 303 63 117 lis 266 4 8 203 79 131 36 36 91 6 199 11 198 13 746 Males 21 years and over. Total. 838 26 933 1,118 65 24 21 2,628 208 340 189 1,027 180 149 90 178 60 6 418 21 3 286 78 129 191 243 5 12 260 101 139 38 58 10 266 21 1,006 128 4 8 1 i 46 GENERAL TABLES. 229 Table 29.— TOTAL AND NEGEO POPULATION IN 1900, 1890, AND 1880, AND NEGRO POPULATION IN 1900 DISTRIBUTED ACCORDING TO SCHOOL, MILITIA, AND VOTING AGES, AND ILLITERACY,^ BY COUNTIES-Continued. popdlation: 1900. population: 1890. population: 1880. NEGEO population: 1900. COUNTY. Total. Negro. Total. Negro. Total. Negro. Both sexes 10 years and over. 5 to 20 years, inclusive. Males 18 to 44 years, inclu- sive. Males 21 years and over. Total. Males. Fe- males. Total. Illiter- ates. Males. Fe- males. Total. Illiter- ates. Wisconsin — Cont'd. Manitowoc 42,261 43,266 80,822 10,609 330,017 28,103 20,874 8,875 46,247 16,363 7,905 23,943 17,801 29,483 9,106 45,644 19,483 51,203 26,830 33,006 3,593 27,475 60,345 11,262 23,114 28,351 4,929 29,269 6,521 23, 589 36,229 31,616 15,972 68,225 26,865 92,631 3 4 8 3 895 43 9 1 30 1 4 2 3 496 18 5 1 10 2 i' ""'466" 25 4 26' 37,831 30,369 20,304 9,676 236,101 23,211 15,009 5,010 38,690 14,943 6,932 20,385 12,968 24,798 6,258 36,268' 19, 121 43,220 23, 139 30,575 1,977 19,236 42,489 6,731 18, 920 25, 111 13 46 34 1 458 46 12 26 23 5 19' 7 8 2 111 18 135 4 33 37,505 17, 121 8,929 8,908 138,537 21,607 9,848 7 26' 1 320 23 3 3 4 2 3 803 32 7 1 23 » 1 1 3 1 4 2 1 379 7 3 1 7 Marathon 2 2 Marinette 1 Marquette 53" 2 2 2 89 10 1 Milwaukee 94 16 1 313 5 1 1 4 25 1 1 Oconto Oneida Outaffaniie 28,716 15,461 6,226 17, 744 10,018 17,731 785 30,922 18,174 38,823 18,956 28,729 49 1 2 7 Ozaufeee Pepin 1 60 2 4 1 169 30 203 18 41 9 4 2 5 96 14 101 3 32 2 22 8 2 2 4 49 10 55 2 14 1 14 1 2 i' 47 4 46 1 18 1 8 9 4 • 2 5 84 11 92 3 27 2 20 3 2 1 4 1 1 1 24 6 27 2 7 8 2 2 2 37 6 42 2 9 1 U 3 Polk.. Price 20 ii' 2 10 1 12 1 20 2 17 1 8 9 Richland . . . - Rock 5 St. Croix Sauk 2 4 I Sawyer 4 8 37 83 10,371 34,206 2,311 17,189 23,235 14 3 15 20 130 1 3 3 4 34 1 95 3 74 1 17 1 57 2 46 1 17 38 1 29 28 1 64 3 59 1 3 1 7 6 9 8 10 1 17 2 26 1 1 Vernon - . . . 30 18 20 1 20 1 1 Vilas Walworth. . 27,860 2,926 22,761 33,270 26, 794 13,507 50,097 18,127 252,665 60 26,249 65 5 14 6 3 Washlnffton 79 17 11 84 2 922 23,442 28,957 20,955 12,687 42,740 8,981 20, 789 2 63 7 20 115 2 298 83 9 8. 68 3 940 49 9 5 31 3 631 34 3" 27 309 70 9 6 45 3 818 6 1 1 8 17 1 2 6 8 2" 12 17 3 3 14 3 449 28 8 3 22 3 481 6 Waupaca 1 1 Winnebago 7 141 115 100 102 Albany 13,084 4,328 9,589 3,337 3,137 5,357 2,361 20,181 1,785 5,122 8,465 12,223 3,203 369 170 3 200 7 4 3 2 309 7 27 181 23 3 1 145 3 142 4 3 1 1 154 3 15 136 21 3 1 25 8,866 124 4,626 60 157 3 179 7 4 3 2 264 20 148 20 3 1 43 16 8 116 3 109 4 2 1 124 3 120 4 2 1 1 98 3 11 93 17 3 1 36 Carbon 58 3 1 2 1 156 4 12 46 2 6,857 2,738 2,338 4,264 2,357 16,777 1,094 1,972 4,941 7,414 2,422 467 164 11 3 66 191 299 1 1 6 4 52 3,438 17 49 2 1 11 i 17 1 40 1 Crook 239 1 637 6,409 12 194 Laramie..'.. 13 1 3 27 1 1 48 3' 34 2 56 1 3 13 1 93 9' 90 18 3 1 ■4 1 Sheridan 1 Sweetwater 2,561 2,879 8 7 16 Uinta 1 1 Yellowstone National Park. . 1 See explanatory notes on page 99. ,. .^ , , 2 Includes 49 persons (out of a total oJ 1,860 persons specially enumerated m 1890) not distributed by counties. 230 NEGROES IN THE UNITED STATES. Table. 30,— TOTAL AND NEGRO POPULATION IN 1900, 1890, AND 1880, AND NEGRO POPULATION IN 1900 DISTRIBUTED ACCORDING TO SCHOOL, MILITIA, AND VOTING AGES, AND ILLITERACY,' FOR CITIES HAVING 25,000 INHAB- ITANTS OR MORE IN 1900. Alabama: Eirminghaia Mobile Montgomery Arkansas: Little Kock California: liOS Angeles Oakland Sacramento San Francisco Colorado: Denver Pueblo Connectlent: Bridgeport Hartford New Britain , New Haven Waterbury Delaware: Wilmington District of Columbia: Washington Florida: Jacksonville Georgia: Atlanta Augusta Savannah Hawaii: Honolulu Illinois; Chicago East St. Louis Joliet Peoria Quincy Rockford Springfield Indiana: Evansville Fort Wayne Indianapolis South Bend Terre Haute Iowa: Cedar Rapids Council Bluffs Davenport _ Des Moines Dubuque Sioux City Kansas: Kansas City Topeka Kentucky: Covington Lexington Louisville Newport Louisiana: New Orleans Maine: Portland Maryland: Baltimore Massachusetts: Boston Brockton Cambridge Chelsea Fall River Fitchburg Gloucester Haverhill Holyoke Lawrence Lowell Lynn Maiden New Bedford Newton Salem Somerville Springfield Taunton Worcester popULAtiON: 1900. Total. 38,415 38,469 38, 307 102,479 66, 960 29, 282 342,782 133,869 28, 157 70,996 79,850 25,998 108,027 45, 859 76,508 278, 718 28, 429 89, 872 39,441 64,244 39,306 1,698,675 29, 665 29,353 56,100 36,252 31,051 34,159 69,007 46, 115 169, 164 35,999 36,673 25, 656 26, 802 35,254 62, 139 36, 297 83, 111 51,418 33,603 42,938 26, 369 204,731 28,301 287,104 50, 146 508, 957 660, 892 40,063 91, 886 34, 072 104, 863 81,531 26, 121 37, 175 45,712 62, 659 94, 969 68, 613 83,664 62,442 33, 687 35, 956 61,643 62, 059 31, 036 118, 421 Negro. Total. 16, 575 17,045 17, 229 14,694 2,131 1,026 402 1,654 3,923 1,213 1,149 1,887 118 2,887 540 9,736 86, 702 16,236 35,727 18,487 28,090 147 30,160 1,799 650 1,402 2,029 212 2,227 7,518 276 15, 931 572 1,520 230 240 488 1,675 115 280 6,509 4,807 2,487 10, 130 39, 139 424 77,714 291 79, 258 11, 591 310 3,888 781 324 65 39 373 40 87 136 784 446 1,685 605 156 140 1,021 226 1,104 Males. 7,738 7,636 7,408 7,053 1,015 524 203 872 1,881 640 616 937 48 1,355 269 4,674 38,348 7,544 14, 806 8,120 12, 746 16, 073 977 365 829 947 117 1,104 3,758 144 7,902 329 764 103 134 266 878 73 152 3,181 2,278 1,126 4,419 18, 842 185 35, 129 35, 063 5,904 164 1,845 349 118 33 21 181 15 47 67 383 193 796 191 68 68 445 149 507 Fe- males. 8,837 9,409 9,821 7,641 1,116 502 199 782 2,042 573 ' 633 960 70 1,532 281 5,062 48,354 8,692 20, 921 10, 367 15,344 52 14,077 822 285 573 1,082 95 1,123 3,760 132 8,029 243 756 127 106 232 797 42 128 3,328 2,629 1,361 5,711 20, 297 239 42,585 149 5,687 156 2,043 382 206 32 18 192 25 40 69 401 253 889 314 88 72 676 77 597 population: 1890, Total. 26,178 31, 076 21, 883 25, 874 50,395 48,682 26, 386 298,997 106,713 24, 558 48,866 63,230 16,519 81,298 28,646 61,431 230,392 17, 201 65,533 33,300 43, 189 Negro. 1,099,850 15, 169 23,264 41,024 31,494 23,684 24,963 50,756 35,393 105,436 21,819 SO, 217 18,020 21,474 26,872 50,093 30,311 37, 806 38,316 31, 007 37, 371 21,567 161,129 24, 918 242, 039 434, 439 448, 477 27,294 70,028 27,909 74, 398 22, 037 24,651 27,412 35, 637 44,654 77, 696 55, 727 23, 031 40, 733 24,379 30, 801 40, 152 44, 179 25,448 84, 666 11,264 13,630 12, 987 9,739 1,258 644 401 1,847 3,045 877 857 1,400 41 2,433 171 7,644 75,572 9,801 15,875 22,963 14, 271 772 327 864 1,771 143 1,798 5,653 217 9,133 280 1,146 187 276 261 1,146 125 354 4,972 5,024 1,943 8,544 28,651 447 64,491 231 67, 104 8,126 72 1,988 668 179 31 12 260 10 104 274 715 107 1,699 342 166 65 811 138 944 population: 1880. Total. 3,086 29, 132 16, 713 13,138 11,183 34,555 21,420 35,629 3,217 27,643 42,015 11,800 62,882 17,806 42,478 177, 624 7,650 37,409 21,891 30, 709 Negro. ' See explanatory notes on page i 503, 185 9,185 11,657 29,269 27,268 13, 129 19, 743, 29,280 26,880 75,056 13,280 26,042 10, 104 18,063 21,831 22, 408 22,264 7,366 3,200 15,452 29,720 16, 656 123,758 20,433 216, 090 33, 810 332, 313 362, 839 13,608 52, 669 21, 782 48,961 12,429 19, 329 18,472 21, 916 39,151 59,475 38, 274 12,017 26,845 16,996 . 27,563 24,938 33, 340 21,213 58,291 12,240 9,931 4,507 102 593 455 1,628 1,046 m 443 1,280 62 2,192 133 5,468 59, 596 3,658 16, 330 10, 109 15, 654 6,480 513 98 482 1,508 99 1,328 2,712 124 6,504 214 763 163 547 231 612 145 174 1,790 7,683 20,906 315 67,617 53,716 5,873 39 1,504 519 144 37 20 167 31 160 177 564 65 1,541 212 208 77 775 110 763 NEGRO population: 1900. Both sexes 10 years and over. Total. 13, 728 14,013 13, 733 12,066 .1, 716 900 322 1,440 3,385 1,016 973 1,590 103 2,401 432 8,049 71, 949 13,004 28,746 14, 864 23,081 111 27,003 1,485 648 1,207 1,703 183 1,822 6,154 224 13,491 471 1,237 190 204 414 1,444 96 239 5,367 3,930 2,128 8,487 33,452 Illiter- ates. 65, 630 5,632 6,180 6,311 273 50 19 92 188 123 120 11 248 29 2,384 17,462 10, 099 5,761 7,864 21 2,014 389 95 218 432 17 1,639 24 2,745 25 226 21 40 46 176 9 1,319 763 719 2,882 10,397 86 62, 570 22, 686 21 16,846 9,946 786 245 25 3,068 337 587 61 287 32 62 4 39 5 305 34 30 3 73 13 118 9 601 92 334 34 1,423 221 417 25 5 to 20 years, inclusive. Males. 2,342 2,457 2,667 280' 144 64 202 434 135 112 205 10 377 62 1,321 11,670 6,256 2,807 3,634 2,856 257 71 175 272 33 294 1,136 34 2,110 89 199 26 37 62 230 17 39 818 319 1,409 5,065 62 11, 711 10, 001 1,030 34 485 88 39 7 5 51 4 12 15 105 51 218 46 8 16 122 30 127 143 112 861 197 911 ? Not separately shown in 1880. Fe- males. 2,799 2,811 3,162 122 64 182 522 165 152 230 20 402 1,522 14, 376 2,855 7,087 3,509 4,776 2,990 299 86 154 340 27 360 1,268 47 2,366 77 240 40 23 67 241 1,115 903 407 1,764 6,720 74 13, 571 85 13, 489 1,228 54 588 115 51 8 5 48 5 13 17 118 70 224 68 19 17 154 18 165 Males 18 to 44 years, in- clusive. 4,302 3,609 3,046 3,668 471 266 100 451 1,040 282 512 25 648 155 2,390 18, 677 3,623 6,515 3,763 7,062 45 10,983 586 252 607 453 65 646 2,013 84 4,068 186 51 60 141 480 879 685 2,065 10, 413 73 16,019 61 17, 709 85 902 161 68 22 15 83 10 21 87 423 98 36 40 222 99 Males 21 years and over. Total. 4,689 4,493 3,964 4,261 632 355 133 619 1,331 462 357 644 34 863 175 2,949 23,072 4,406 7,896 4,481 7,932 •63 12,414 649 265 597 588 79 703 2,310 97 5,200 2U 492 70 89 170 697 60 106 1,934 1,252 716 2,642 12,416 104 19,809 21,806 4,441 95 1,131 218 71 25 16 110 9 31 47 227 109 617 116 54 43 294 108 GENERAL TABLES. 231 Table 30.— TOTAL AND NEGRO POPULATION IN 1900, 1890, AND 1880, AND NEGRO POPULATION IN 1900 DISTRIBUTED ACCORDING TO SCHOOL, MILITIA, AND VOTING AGES, AND ILLITERACY,^ FOR CITIES HAVING 25,000 INHAB- ITANTS OR MORE IN 1900— Continued. Michigan: Bay City Detroit Grand Rapids . Jackson Saginaw Minnesota: Duluth Minneapolis . . . St. Paul Missouri: Joplin Kansas City . . . St. Joseph St. Louis Montana: Butte , Nebraska: Lincoln Omaha . South Omaha. New Hampshire: Manchester New Jersey: Atlantic City . Bayonne Camden Elizabeth Hoboken Jersey City . . . Newark Passaic Paterson Trenton New York: Albany Auburn Blnghamton . Buffalo Elmira New York *... Kochester Schenectady . Syracuse Troy Utica Yonkers Ohio; Akron Canton Cincinnati Cleveland — Columbus Dayton Springfield . . . Toledo Youngstown . Oregon: Portland Pennsylvania: Allegheny AUentown Altoona Chester Easton Erie Harrisburg . . . Johnstown . . . . Lancaster McKeesport . . Newcastle ... Philadelphia . Pittsburg Reading Soranton Wilkesbarre - . Williamsport. York Rhode Island: Pawtucket . . . Providence... Woonsooket . . population: 1900. Total. 27,628 285, 704 87, 565 25,180 42,345 52, 969 202, 718 163, 066 26,023 163, 752 102, 979 575,238 30, 470 40, 169 102, 565 26, 001 56, 987 27, 838 32, 722 75, 935 52, 130 59, 364 206, 433 246, 070 27, 777 105, 171 73, 307 94,151 30, 345 39,647 352,387 35, 672 3,437,202 162, 608 31, 682 108, 374 60, 651 56,383 47, 931 42,728 30, 667 325, 902 381, 768 125,560 85, 333 38,253 131,822 44,885 90, 426 129, 896 35, 416 38, 973 33,988 25,238 52, 733 50,167 36, 936 41, 459 34,227 28,339 1, 293, 697 321,616 78, 961 102, 026 51, 721 28,757 33, 708 39, 231 175, 597 28,204 Negro. Total. 143 4,111 604 473 348 357 1,548 2,263 773 17, 567 6,260 36, 516 248 814 3,443 671 28 6,613 336 6,676 1,139 101 3,704 6,694« 443 1,182 2,096 1,178 507 501 1,698 803 60, 666 601 127 1,034 400 244 1,005 525 136 14, 482 5,988 8,201 3,387 4,268 1,710 916 776 3,315 85 406 4,403 325 244 4,107 314 777 748 463 62, 613 17,040 634 521 680 1,142 776 178 4,817 6 Males. Fe- males. 67 2,014 298 272 199 179 880 1,327 399 8,560 3,364 17, 496 134 422 1,765 15 3,289 146 2,603 508 48 1,846 3,034 168 642 1,119 642 254 228 899 466 27, 132 291 47 497 167 126 425 281 78 7,156 3,177 4,311 1,718 2,209 852 610 468 1,795 50 209 2,246 173 124 2,016 179 371 431 253 28,940 9,427 287 294 858 604 366 2,283. POPULATION: 1890. Total. 86 2,097 306 201 149 178 718 936 374 9,007 2,896 18, 020 114 13 3,224 189 2,973 631 63 1,868 3,660 275 640 977 636 263 273 799 348 33, 634 310 80 537 233 118 580 244 57 7,326 2,811 3,890 1,669 2,044 868 406 317 1,620 36 197 2,158 162 120 2,091 136 406 317 210 33, 673 7,613 247 227 322 638 421 89 2,634 Negro. 27,839 205, 876 60, 278 20,798 46, 322 33, 116 164, 738 133, 166 9,943 132, 716 62, 324 461, 770 10,723 65,164 140, 452 8,062 44,126 13,066 19,033 68, 313 37,764 43, 648 163,003 181,830 13,028 78,347 57,468 94,923 25, 858 35,005 265, 664 30,893 1, 515, 301 133, 896 19,902 88,143 60, 966 44, 007 32,033 27, 601 26, 189 296, 908 261, 368 88, 160 61, 220 31,896 81, 434 33, 220 46, 386 105, 287 26,228 30, 337 20, 226 14, 481 40, 634 39, 385 21, 806 32, Oil 20,741 11, 600 1, 046, 964 238, 617 68, 661 76, 216 37, 718 27, 132 20, 793 27, 633 132, 146 20, 830 POPULATION: 1880. 168 3,431 602 462 292 220 1,320 1,476 343 13,700 3,686 26, 866 160 1,360 4,666 74 2,113 169 4,863 789 59 2,099 4,141 192 641 1,697 1,122 412 616 1,118 660 23, 601 659 105 843 613 244 506 451 107 11, 665 2,989 6,526 2,158 3,649 1,077 648 480 2,607 35 460 1,656 239 243 3,691 269 669 161 231 39, 371 7,850 390 277 693 1,210 662 107 3,963 9 Total. 20, 693 116, 340 32, 016 16, 105 10,525 2 3,483 46,887 41,473 7,038 65, 785 32, 431 360, 618 3,363 13,003 30,518 Negro. 151 2,821 429 430 101 {") 362 246 8,143 3,227 22,266 (») 576 789 NEGRO POPULATION: 1900. Both sexes 10 years and over. 32,630 5,477 9,372 41, 669 28,229 30, 999 120, 722 136, 608 6,532 51, 031 29, 910 90, 758 21,924 17, 317 156, 134 20,541 1,206,299 89,366 13, 656 51, 792 56, 747 33,914 18, 892 16, 612 12,268 266, 139 160, 146 51, 647 38,678 20, 730 60, 137 15, 435 17,577 78,682 18,063 19,710 14,997 11,924 27,737 30, 762 8,380 25,769 8,212 8,418 847,170 156,389 43,278 45,850 23,339 18,934 13, 940 19,030 104,857 16,060 49 763 96 3,579 760 74 1,340 3,311 111 670 1,374 1,066 403 386 867 702 19,663 497 94 690 567 260 341 278 39 8,179 2,038 3, 010 991 2,360 928 320 192 2,059 20 240 1,152 167 222 2,903 111 518 15 181 31,699 4,077 350 142 609 800 400 86 3, 682 11 Total. Illiter- ates. 119 3,494 632 431 314 314 1,332 1,980 657 16,202 6,240 30, 571 222 685 2,986 626 6,827 273 4,663 5,536 367 1,049 436 425 1,487 692 52,254 613 116 875 363 210 864 417 110 12,468 6,188 6,983 2,865 3,501 1,479 751 720 2,760 75 329 3,628 267 210 3,404 266 621 599 394 63, 086 14, 216 464 432 668 881 642 136 3,997 6 11 278 46 54 19 17 83 145 110 2,968 802 6,616 21 73 315 37 481 46 1,019 132 6 244 708 67 213 372 68 60 36 81 97 4,362 29 16 77 21 38 71 41 16 2,468 487 1,109 364 517 166 92 362 6 34 795 30 20 663 87 78 102 36 5,883 2,076 54 41 89 163 6 to 20 years, inclusive. 12 634 Fe- males. 15 484 92 54 40 24 149 212 108 2,246 1,069 4,642 19 118 400 79 535 44 678 141 8 426 780 44 131 240 116 67 64 189 120 6,314 97 13 104 36 28 103 90 27 1,683 629 1,062 461 640 187 126 69 463 8 60 610 62 34 670 60 114 106 63 6,262 2,162 56 66 92 135 90 18 662 673 104 66 46 26 188 221 114 2,643 1,046 4,999 18 129 496 44 609 56 875 189 14 519 1,000 90 145 264 130 70 66 176 94 8,116 87 18 141 56 32 173 68 23 1,868 734 1,184 493 666 221 137 70 466 15 63 709 44 40 689 44 147 96 66 8,546 2,100 73 65 82 222 136 23 668 1 Males 18 to 44 years, in- clusive. Males 21 years and over. 19 1,081 138 156 126 126 516 876 230 5,186 1,945 9,747 86 233 1,123 319 2,111 75 1,269 239 26 1,078 1,623 89 286 706 366 146 101 544 263 16,518 138 26 276 89 66 244 134 46 4,166 2,053 2,609 944 1,008 454 277 335 991 33 109 1,254 90 49 962 103 172 271 156 17,466 6,028 167 187 178 182 181 42 1,170 3 Illiter- ates. 1,372 192 209 148 143 637 1,061 264 6,797 2,042 11,727 110 269 1,267 313 13 2,564 90 1,691 310 32 1,260 1,966 104 366 820 490 183 144 652 306 18,661 175 30 356 122 92 280 163 47 4,997 2,368 2,965 1,124 1,368 606 349 386 1,178 37 138 1,462 102 83 1,272 120 216 278 176 20, 095 6,541 203 207 233 298 233 52 1,600 117 14 32 9 e 35 52 1,176 347 2,370 108 17 149 18 398 51 2 86 241 20 80 169 40 29 18 30 47 1,286 16 5 35 4 20 31 21 n 1,086 232 531 160 260 76 48 16 172 4 16 364 12 13 312 17 27 61 23 2,190 1,116 30 19 46 68 45 5 263 I Inclu?eSffl ^illlle^p^opflatlon 2,645), set apart by act of legislature February 23, 1877, but .vhich again became part of the city by the act of March 2, 1887. 3Not separately shown in 1880. . ,.,,„ , fniinws- Manhattan borough, 1,850,093; Bronx borough, 200,507; Brooklyn borough, 1,166,682; 4The population of the boroughs of Ne^w York city in 1900 is as f°"oj|;i*Jf ^"'^g^^O^a'^^™!^^^ ^£ 'NeW York city, and each borough of the city, as now consti- Richmonrf borough, 67,021; Queens borough 152 999. The estimated^^^^^ Brooklyn borough, 838,547; Richmond borough, 51,693; &s"b'o'riS'inV Jl?^8''8rN'?w\'o'r^''ci^^^^ lorough,' 61,980; Brooklyn borough, 699,496; Richmond borough, ^"ggiTQueeiis birough,' 56,559. {See Twelfth Census, Vol. I, page Ixxx. ) 232 NEGROES IN THE UNITED STATES. Table 30.— TOTAL AND NEGRO POPULATION IN 1900, 1890, AND 1880, AND NEGRO POPULATION IN 1900 DISTRIBUTED ACCORDING TO SCHOOL, MILITIA, AND VOTING AGES, AND ILLITERACY,' FOR CITIES HAVING 25,000 INHAB- ITANTS OR MORE IN 1900— Continued. South Carolina: Charleston ... Tennessee: Chattanooga . Knoxville Memphis Nashville Texas: Dallas Fort Worth... Galveston Houston San Antonio.. Utah: Salt Lake City Virginia: Norfolk Richmond Washington: Seattle Spokane Tacoma West Virginia: Wheeling Wisconsin: La Crosse Milwaukee... Oshkosh Racine Superior population: 1900. 66, 807 30,154 32, 637 102,320 80,865 «,638 26, 688 37, 789 44,633 53,321 63,631 46, 624 85,060 80,671 36,848 37,714 38,878 28,895 285,315 28,284 29,102 31,091 Negro. Total. 31, 522 13,122 7,359 49, 910 30, 044 9,035 4,249 8,291 14,608 7., 538 278 20, 230 32,230 406 376 307 1,066 56 862 62 87 186 Males. 13,970 6,411 3,328 24, 651 13, 269 4,178 2,009 3,713 6,691 3,580 152 9,492 14,364 212 222 201 29 471 26 43 102 Fe- males. 17, 652 6,711 4,031 25,369 16, 775 4,857 2,240 4,578 8,017 126 10,738 17,876 194 154 106 27 391 26 44 84 popclation: 1890. Total. Negro. 54,966 30,970 29,100 22,535 64,495 76,168 12,663 6,423 28,706 29,382 38,067 23,076 29,084 27, 657 37,673 7,993 3,237 6,722 10,370 4,720 44,843 218 34,871 81,388 16,244 32,330 42,837 19,922 36,006 286 190 363 84,522 974 25,090 204,468 22,836 21, 014 11,983 61 449 66 108 68 POPULATION: 1880. Total. 49,984 12,892 9,693 33,592 43,350 10, 358 6,663 22,248 16,613 20, 660 20, 768 21, 966 63, 600 3,533 360 30, 737 14,505 116, 687 15,748 16,031 Negro. 27,276 5,082 3,149 14, 896 16, 337 1,921 1,054 5,348 6,479 10,068 27,832 729 55 304 77 142 NEGKO population: 1900. Both sexes 10 years and over. Total. 26, 065 10,763 8,056 40,173 24,869 7,473 3,459 6,847 12,156 6,044 235 16, 601 26,643 364 333 277 49 770 75 168 Illiter- ates. 7,454 3,278 1,599 14, 106 8,059 1,874 842 1,626 3,631 1,275 23 6,389 8,572 20 19 18 6 to 20 years, inclusive. Males. 4,832 2,076 1,104 7,967 4,595 1,329 638 1,093 2,104 1,176 2,657 4,560 38 44 32 137 7 86 Fe- males. 5,950 2,226 1,352 8,293 5,354 1,603 722 1,312 2,663 1,319 26 3,264 6,719 46 31 31 165 10 93 11 20 21 Males 18 to 44 years. In. elusive. 6,332 3,323 1,628 12,788 6,124 2,234 1,056 1,815 3,217 1,734 90 5,221 7,191 109 137 137 13 312 11 21 66 Males 21 years and over. Total, niiter. 7^632 3,804 1,935 14,251 7,476 2,486 1,184 2,259 3,907 2,053 118 5,872 8,472 169 169 161 20 358 17 32 84 2,163 1,200 542 6,384 2,726 264 504 1,215 2,238 3,001 70 2 ^ See explanatory notes on page 99. ' Not separately shown in 1880. GENERAL TABLES. 233 Table 31.— AGES BY PERIODS OF YEARS OF THE NEGRO POPULATION, CLASSIFIED BY SEX, FOR CITIES HAVING 25,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE: 1900. MALES. Alabama: Birmingham Mobile Montgomery Arkansas: Little Rock California: Los Angeles Oakland Sacramento San Francisco Colorado: Denver Pueblo Connecticut: Bridgeport Hartlord New Britain New Haven Waterbury Delaware: Wilmington District of Columbia: Washington Florida; Jacksonville Georgia: Atlanta. Augusta Savannah Hawaii: Honolulu Illinois: Chicago East St. Louis Joliet Peoria Quincy Eockford Springfield Indiana: Evansville Fort Wayne Indianapolis South Bend Terre Haute Iowa: Cedar Eapids Council Bluffs Davenport Des Moines Dubuque Sioux City Kansas City . . . Topeka Kentucky: Covington Lexington Louisville Newport Louisiana: New Orleans . . Maine: Portland Maryland; Baltimore Massachusetts: Boston Brockton Cambridge Chelsea Fall River Fltchburg Gloucester Haverhill Holyoke Lawrence Lowell Lynn Maiden New Bedford . . Newton Salem Someryille Springfield Taunton Worcester Michigan: Bay City Detroit ' Grand Rapids . Jackson Saginaw Minnesota; Duluth Minneapolis . . - St. Paul Missouri: Joplin Kansas City . . . St. Joseph St. Lotus Total. 7,053 1,015 524 203 872 1,881 640 516 937 48 1,355 259 4,674 38,348 7,544 14, 806 8,120 12, 746 1,073 977 365 829 947 117 ,104 1,758 144 ',902 329 764 103 134 256 878 73 152 Under 1 year. 35, 129 i,904 154 :,845 349 118 33 21 181 15 47 67 383 193 796 191 68 68 445 149 507 57 1,014 298 272 199 17, 141 148 164 135 22 7 772 158 305 164 240 148 16 6 10 23 lto4 years. 14 127 5 18 1 1 3 7 2 1 49 40 16 67 300 676 731 90 15 5 114 52 244 5 to 9 years. 566 538 633 431 81 18 16 42 93 44 37 64 • 3 88 24 316 2,834 616 1,349 668 940 655 65 23 47 64 5 264 10 465 24 65 7 7 21 44 4 6 209 168 75 301 1,061 16 2,525 343 17 170 33 7 1 16 1 3 4 43 30 41 24 4 5 23 6 33 3 125 11 8 10 29 55 22 403 211 670 791 968 105 49 20 67 148 42 33 69 3 123 21 419 3,597 811 1,779 920 1,233 735 78 22 56 70 6 94 346 12 609 34 67 6 15 14 68 4 16 301 243 97 430 1,434 23 3,926 3.313 315 11 173 30 10 to 14 years. 155 23 9 10 10 57 63 31 621 283 1,291 15 to 19 years. 664 786 813 677 76 38 16 64 129 40 23 65 1 106 17 411 3,419 775 1,718 899 1,090 10 752 66 14 51 97 12 98 307 10 660 16 69 9 14 19 66 304 279 1,490 20 3,799 2,984 271 16 145 26 12 1 18 2 5 4 23 19 57 7 5 4 29 6 22 9 138 31 18 14 5 39 54 28 668 283 1,375 785 715 727 123 42 44 63 5 124 10 3,813 1,415 805 1,039 10 1,026 92 28 49 83 10 82 7 670 50 264 113 439 1,691 15 3,261 11 2,991 343 6 132 25 17 3 3 13 20 to 24 years. 1 6 33 14 82 16 3 7 43 12 49 2 153 33 19 14 7 42 66 39 747 375 1,510 25 to 29 years. 1,126 913 703 69 43 21 77 167 67 64 103 5 125 41 616 4,681 827 1,670 939 1,687 9 1,917 163 45 90 107 20 134 465 18 927 56 83 12 11 . 29 111 8 18 320 190 117 442 2,414 13 3,502 14 3,836 692 17 169 6 6 20 2 6 8 37 23 100 19 8 12 44 2 195 22 35 37 13 78 141 53 1,142 469 2,145 1,099 903 660 806 62 47 11 73 225 92 134 7 148 42 606 3,946 1,351 826 1,665 2,556 148 68 131 97 15 119 477 17 926 35 90 16 28 112 4 19 321 173 2,439 18 30 to 34 years. 748 566 613 52 113 4 129 24 3,049 697 1,136 588 1,274 5 2,492 89 63 114 69 10 98 321 21 763 262 134 90 320 1,766 11 35 to 44 years. 3,637 2,817 14 8 3,900 2,966 942 778 19 16 222 184 37 28 9 19 6 6 1 1 13 20 2 2 6 3 7 6 30 30 24 14 104 67 26 18 5 9 10 8 55 36 32 17 60 40 7 234 222 28 26 35 35 33 20 43 25 106 133 200 200 79 33 1,149 968 527 344 2,170 1,926 45 to 64 years. 935 879 1,001 207 104 47 179 385 133 67 136 6 206 43 799 6,394 1,115 1,898 1,060 2,034 i,606 146 67 152 147 18 164 24 1,166 46 120 20 21 49 132 12 27 624 264 205 698 3,019 27 4,772 21 5,795 1,129 30 279 52 21 6 6 23 4 6 15 60 21 112 27 13 7 68 14 77 46 42 31 41 178 307 1,591 432 2,870 613 680 765 677 119 63 19 106 213 54 58 103 9 152 16 460 3,887 668 1,100 688 1,500 66 22 55 to 64 years. 65 years and over. 15 97 321 13 832 27 72 19 20 24 94 295 242 110 442 1,752 18 3,109 22 3,512 620 10 191 41 2 4 47 16 78 16 8 6 48 9 62 14 207 47 36 14 13 99 110 28 742 225 1,623 Age un- known. 243 319 364 62 32 7 56 95 16 28 48 3 84 12 204 1,917 231 302 346 499 36 4 28 61 5 74 415 10 31 5 6 16 43 6 4 167 162 66 211 861 14 1,686 1,576 206 3 77 29 6 6 3 18 11 34 9 6 1 32 9 34 2 113 15 18 10 39 11 272 96 752 106 206 208 157 26 17 ir 29 32 6 12 24 1 43 1 123 404 191 168 198 17 6 12 32 2 31 66 4 199 6 22 2 4 3 23 109 113 22 149 442 6 1,071 41 6 730 204 88 88 1 30 6 2 14 2 2 16 32 5 137 45 404 24 139 21 66 13 13 3 16 40 13 6 1 29 34 296 71 90 90 7 8 144 1 4 4 4 10 1 12 16 184 1 5 6 61 17 16 22 203 234 NEGROES IN THE UNITED STATES. Table Sl.— AGES BY PERIODS OF YEARS OF THE NEGRO POPULATION, CLASSIFIED BY SEX, FOR CITIES HAVING 25,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE: 1900— Continued. MALES— Continued. Montana: Butte Nebraska: Lincoln Omaha Soutli Omaha. New Hampshire: Manchester... New Jersey: Atlantic City . Bayonne Camden Elizabeth Hoboken Jersey City Newark Passaic Paterson Trenton New York: Albany Auburn Binghamton .. Buffalo Elmira New York Rochester Schenectady , . Syracuse Troy Utica Yonkers Ohio: Akron Canton Cincinnati Cleveland Columbus Dayton Springfield Toledo Youngstown .. Oregon: Portland Pennsylvania: Allegheny Allen town Altoona Chester Easton Erie Harrisburg Johnstown Lancaster McKeesport . . . Newcastle Philadelphia . . Pittsburg Beading Soranton Wilkesbarre... Williamsport . . York Kbode Island; Pawtucket Providence Woonsocket . . . South Carolina: Charleston Tennessee: Chattanooga . . Knoxville Memphis Nashville Texas: Dallas Fort Worth Galveston Houston , San Antonio Utah: Salt Lake City. . Virginia: Norfolk Richmond Washington: Seattle Spokane Tacoma West Virginia: Wheeling Wisconsin: La Crosse Milwaukee Oshkosh Racine ^. - . Superior 134 422 1,765 16 3,289 146 2,603 608 48 1,846 3,034 168 642 1,119 642 264 228 899 455 27,132 291 47 497 167 126 425 281 78 7,156 3,177 4,311 1,718 2,209 852 610 468 1,795 60 209 2,245 173 124 2,016 179 371 431 263 28, 940 9,427 287 294 358 604 36B 84 2,283 13, 970 6,411 3,328 24,551 13,269 4,178 2,009 3,713 6,591 3,680 152 9,492 14,364 212 222 201 519 29 471 26 43 102 Under 1 year. 63 n 1 31 66 6 10 22 12 3 3 13 5 527 4 1 to4 years. 14 108 44 53 28 39 12 6 14 2 601 163 8 7 7 11 6 181 46 7 129 222 15 46 37 24 11 17 45 24 ,640 15 4 30 136 241 105 162 47 28 124 3 9 149 10 6 141 6 35 33 12 1,992 571 20 24 26 5 to 9 year^. 34 107 26 11 163 104 64 335 236 71 29 83 133 71 207 284 427 226 ,998 963 292 168 278 447 280 6 756 23 166 14 237 59 1 146 265 16 49 53 35 17 15 51 29 1,880 16 3 42 15 601 202 284 134 198 17 151 1 17 188 22 12 161 14 35 26 15 2,022 636 9 22 29 60 25 10 to 14 years. 101 13 105 17 205 40 6 132 227 16 38 63 37 12 24 49 24 1,684 28 3 28 7 6 4 518 169 317 135 196 58 40 15 to 19 years. 1,624 642 353 2,662 1,350 406 222 378 646 402 852 1,853 10 14 7 20 198 14 13 192 16 40 31 20 ,689 573 20 14 22 42 26 1,633 678 364 2,136 1,468 407 196 352 668 381 755 1,319 11 12 11 47 41 148 42 198 11 200 32 121 235 9 39 92 37 23 19 80 47 2,164 44 3 31 10 14 24 11 625 190 365 152 198 ■ 49 45 143 5 19 162 13 8 181 15 36 36 22 1,966 722 19 16 37 28 33 6 169 20 to 24 years. 1,285 628 312 2,424 1,435 418 182 291 637 313 805 1,483 521 12 258 65 4 183 337 25 63 172 69 37 12 81 94 5 48 18 15 64 27 10 734 476 594 176 255 104 228 4 27 298 17 8 220 20 37 60 41 3,766 1,417 36 34 231 '2 1,396 801 415 3,077 1,488 567 256 416 774 610 13 1,221 1,896 14 19 34 25 to 29 years. SO to 34 years. 269 97 540 13 264 65 5 236 390 20 71 185 102 37 22 125 66 4,078 ■ 24 7 73 8 13 61 27 8 918 487 665 209 216 94 216 9 23 256 17 13 212 . 19 42 • 81 41 4,302 1,415 29 40 40 36 35 1,297 713 357 3,004 1,346 497 255 436 722 427 1,151 1,480 22 20 28 32 45 211 59 423 17 219 53 7 219 305 18 63 128 73 28 26 105 38 i,209 30 1 56 23 13 48 28 2 841 442 437 181 151 111 57 192 6 17 241 18 12 180 19 26 62 33 3,431 1,180 37 50 28 26 37 10 212 35 to 44 years. 1,081 694 272 2,295 1,010 377 206 334 565 278 18 957 1,158 25 33 29 37 85 331 70 522 29 436 67 10 389 491 22 82 182 109 35 37 199 50 4,575 36 17 62 41 19 1,432 563. 728 45 to 54 years. 126 114 289 n 35 379 29 13 276 37 51 62 34 5,061 1,667 52 57 61 66 59 14 371 2,018 948 451 3,199 1,631 630 256 517 900 1,632 2,004 41 54 43 2 116 3 9 25 34 170 18 228 11 261 67 2 176 276 13 48 90 28 30 87 44 2,300 40 3 52 23 14 27 9 782 286 388 170 269 109 ■ 58 45 186 6 26 206 14 20 263 18 42 20 19 2,623 727 35 21 44 47 41 8 263 55 to 64 years. 65 years and over. 1,249 472 263 1,972 1,233 289 147 390 465 264 21 770 1,329 36 30 26 72 6 166 26 6 54 140 7 22 63 37 12 12 37 18 1,019 8 5 26 12 14 12 14 2 271 96 196 78 136 49 16 61 2 5 98 7 12 109 10 16 11 10 980 224 17 8 25 32 21 3 131 212 150 942 6% 107 67 153 234 136 297 630 11 11 5 ^1 23 412 4 1 139 71 103 86 67 27 Age un- known. 53 306 107 441 401 132 152 12 6 7 39 1 1 8 1 S3 3 8 5 i 47 1 1 1 5 1 4 4 457 160 101 31 S 2 1 6 .S4 15 10 2 2 GENERAL TABLES. 235 Table 31.— AGES BY PERIODS OF YEARS OF THE NEGRO POPULATION, CLASSIFIED BY SEX, FOR CITIES HAVING 25,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE: 1900— Continued. TEMALES. Alabama: Birmingham Mobile Montgomery Arkansas: Little Rock California: Los Angeles Oakland Sacramento San Francisco Colorado: Denver Pueblo Connecticut: Bridgeport Hartford New Britain New Haven Waterbury Delaware: Wilmington District of Columbia: WasHington Florida: Jacksonville Georgia: Atlanta Augusta Savannah Hawaii; Honolulu , Illinois: Chicago East St. Louis Joliet Peoria Quincy , Eockford Springfield Indiana: Evansville Port Wayne Indianapolis South Bend Terre Haute Iowa: Cedar Rapids Council Bluffs... Davenport Dfes Moines Dubuque Sioux City Kansas: Kansas City Topeka Kentucky: ' Covington Lexin^on Louisville Newport Louisiana: New Orleans Maine: Portland Maryland: Baltimore Massachusetts: Boston Brockton Cambridge Chelsea Fall River Fitchburg Gloucester Haverhill Holyoke Lawrence Lowell Lynn Maiden New Bedford Newton Salem • Somerville Springfield l&unton Worcester .'. Michigan; Bay City Detroit Grand Rapids . . - Jackson Saginaw Minnesota; Duluth Minneapolis St. Paul ..; Missouri: Joplin Kansas City St. Joseph St. Louis Total. 7,641 1,116 502 199 782 2,042 573 633 950 70 1,532 281 5,062 48,354 8,692 0nder 1 year. 1,921 1,367 .,844 52 ,,077 822 285 573 .,082 95 ,123 1,760 132 1,029 243 756 127 106 232 797 42 128 !,328 !,529 L,361 ),711 ),297 239 42,585 44,195 5,687 156 2,048 382 206 32 18 192 25 40 69 401 253 72 576 77 697 86 !,097 306 201 149 178 718 374 1,007 1,896 ;,020 156 133 142 118 19 5 3 11 27 742 153 316 184 244 175 27 6 7 12 3 17 66 3 126 4 18 4 1 6 4 1 1 49 36 12 75 277 7 667 6 731 121 9 44 lto4 years. 4 2 8 14 6 109 29 215 558 610 700 43 53 4 106 23 2,930 616 1,346 692 975 633 54 16 41 67 6 261 12 460 12 56 11 5 13 42 5 221 148 67 310 1,109 16 2,908 176 30 9 1 5 to 9 years. 17 5 3 2 30 32 59 16 2 9 34 7 51 7 109 8 7 4 11 49 56 28 450 189 961 766 812 112 31 26 46 149 62 45 72 2 119 25 419 3,878 878 1,886 995 1,377 7 801 379 12 664 22 69 11 7 18 313 242 92 460 1,506 20 3,610 394 12 199 33 11 1 10 to 14 years. 162 26 17 5 58 24 256 1,261 725 820 887 761 106 44 17 68 147 48 61 119 13 805 1,968 1,038 1,265 846 91 23 29 104 7 115 356 12 698 20 73 18 6 25 67 1 5 356 289 129 561 4,110 22 161 31 13 15 to 10 years. 13 163 26 19 IB 6 53 53 33 683 1,504 1,012 908 1,070 16 61 180 50 48 79 12 132 32 5,167 906 2,493 1,169 1,634 1,021 97 31 73 120 8 130 421 17 810 27 77 13 8 20 85 296 146 609 2,008 21 10 4,829 394 15 187 37 20 2 2 16 20 to 24 years. 7 196 44 26 18 904 375 1,795 1,506 1,312 1,824 1,066 102 47 18 84 243 70 101 134 18 170 56 7,069 1,296 2,977 1,469 2,544 1,878 107 29 84 142 14 136 514 18 968 32 107 10 10 20 117 25 to 29 years. 26 155 673 2,882 19 6,114 6,100 750 23 240 38 38 3 4 26 6 7 11 40 41 105 63 11 16 73 16 75 5 260 33 17 12 31 92 107 1,382 ■ 457 2,384 1,190 1,103 1,043 120 52 23 260 73 81 143 8 171 34 574 6,736 1,037 2,366 1,144 2,026 2,202 92 40 86 110 11 125 432 16 1,049 27 10 20 38 160 5 23 372 267 164 679 2,461 16 4,732 16 5,072 870 23 263 34 29 4 2 26 8 6 6 36 31 86 61 6 11 71 6 61 4 247 26 20 17 51 101 155 68 1,311 320 2,467 30 to 34 years. 819 746 740 102 49 20 74 220 129 24 451 1,673 774 1,331 1,741 64 32 51 101 7 80 304 14 724 26 60 12 13 22 71 4 286 173 124 463 1,708 28 3,432 642 11 157 34 21 3 2 16 2 55 to 44 years. 7 34 11 63 29 10 8 33 3 61 7 199 27 16 13 22 94 106 34 965 210 1,739 1,148 1,251 1,365 189 94 368 102 109 169 5 227 2,849 1,328 2,036 2,706 104 46 85 140 11 121 490 14 1,161 43 22 14 37 111 6 19 464 385 219 847 3,040 42 5,534 23 6,577 900 24 295 63 38 4 45 to 54 years. 4 10 63 36 130 40 13 7 90 7 92 18 321 46 38 27 23 116 167 1,352 396 2,675 663 835 861 112 62 17 84 182 34 57 86 4 175 19 418 4,675 611 1,573 831 1,041 ,205 52 17 44 97 10 113 308 8 749 18 46 12 11 24 75 7 274 217 140 529 1,933 24 3,766 19 3,921 627 6 176 35 16 8 2 22 55 to 64 years. 66 years and over. Age un- known. 4 6 48 11 93 28 11 4 69 11 59 7 214 37 23 16 12 56 67 20 664 198 1,570 237 389 467 273 36 34 8 40 73 12 28 42 1 84 9 216 2,060 261 829 410 487 494 23 10 21 48 7 52 130 163 122 76 321 915 2,189 13 1,827 209 2 6 21 14 74 5 8 1 29 4 37 4 106 16 11 11 1 13 37 11 308 88 768 145 329 290 170 31 24 6 28 61 7 20 27 2 75 1 144 1,607 161 576 268 277 316 22 4 16 49 1 43 228 97 3 19 7 6 3 4 3 1 18 9 2 3 134 8 100 6 38 10 232 52 666 186 6 2 1,699 47 9 1,244 288 129 46 3 1 55 6 16 3 2 2 6 1 2 2 1 17 I 4 57 7 9 2 23 6 16 i 84 14 7 6 1 16 24 4 180 64 503 1 4 14 7 31 21 198 236 NEGROES IN THE UNITED STATES. Table 31.— AGES BY PEEIODS OF YEARS OF THE NEGRO POPULATION, CLASSIFIED BY SEX, FOR CITIES HAVING 25,000 INHABITANTS OB MORE: 1900— Continued. ETEMALBS— Continued. Montana; Butte fTebraska: Lincoln Omaha South Omaha . New Hampshire: Manchester New Jersey: Atlantic City . . Bayonne Camden Elizabeth Hoboken Jersey City Newark .-. Passaic Paterson . Trenton New York: Albany Auburn Binghamton .. Buffalo Elmira New York Rochester Schenectady .. Syracuse Troy Utioa Yonkers Ohio: Akron Canton Cincinnati Cleveland Columbus Dayton Springfield Toledo Youngstown .. Oregon: Portland Pennsylvania: Allegheny AUentown Altoona Chester Easton Erie Harrisburg Johnstown Lancaster MoKeesport Newcastle Philadelphia . . . Pittsburg Reading Scranton Wilkesbarre Williamsport . . . York Rhode Island: Pawtucket Providence Woonsocket South Carolina: Charleston Tennessee: Chattanooga ... . Knoxville '. . Memphis Nashville Texas: Dallas Fort Worth Galveston Houston San Antonio TJtah: Salt Lake City. . Virginia: Norfolk Richmond Washington: Seattle Spokane Tacoma West Virginia: Wheeling Wisconsin: La Crosse Milwaukee Oshkosh Racine Superior Total. 392 13 3,224 189 2,973 631 53 1,858 3,660 276 640 977 636 253 273 799 348 33,634 310 80 537 233 118 580 244 57 7,326 2,811 3,890 1,669 2,044 858 405 317 1,620 35 197 2,158 162 120 2,091 1.% 406 317 210 33, 673 7,613 247 227 322 638 421 17, 652 6,711 4,031 25,359 16, 775 4,867 2,240 4,578 8,017 3,968 126 10, 738 17, 876 194 154 106 547 27 391 26 44 Under 1 year. 6 2 4 14 4 585 Xto4 years. 1 11 4 2 128 33 56 31 29 13 631 171 2 6 13 10 146 17 227 53 11 124 237 15 43 52 28 18 14 46 23 1,814 24 1 36 10 392 158 225 84 142 46 6 to 9 years. 34 132 12 136 60 337 276 56 87 74 94 70 212 345 21 162 14 4 135 8 28 31 13 2,104 630 19 17 25 45 7 176 1,221 431 247 1,898 1,006 299 137 256 470 297 15 743 146 16 255 60 2 153 289 31 36 64 26 21 23 42 26 1,966 20 3 35 10 10 37 16 7 517 227 360 140 182 109 3 22 202 12 9 198 15 43 33 19 ;,177 654 22 13 22 75 10 to U years. 1,771 620 354 2,507 1,346 438 207 375 662 374 36 130 12 158 17 247 62 6 164 266 18 19 19 64 28 1,906 24 3 36 16 10 25 6 537 200 324 160 222 52 30 165 2 17 205 17 13 187 13 36 26 17 2,044 584 19 20 29 63 60 6 191 16 to 19 years. 1,802 663 391 2,261 1,569 465 222 390 748 406 921 1,645 15 6 10 42 46 174 14 241 17 308 62 6 157 346 30 68 96 54 23 19 66 35 i,145 31 10 52 21 24 10 625 244 419 166 202 86 45 23 149 7 22 242 9 12 254 15 55 28 24 3,302 672 25 13 28 66 44 6 223 1 1,845 727 482 2,626 1,913 564 236 421 981 438 1,120 2,120 12 14 20 to 24 years. 15 66 276 34 611 23 571 63 100 111 80 33 30 100 35 5,627 53 18 74 44 16 129 18 1 984 396 469 213 243 120 44 168 5 22 264 26 15 262 17 66 53 23 6,508 1,118 41 41 45 69 46 14 290 25 to 29 years. 2,282 1,030 606 3,665 2,280 756 340 672 1,204 559 16 1,635 2,586 26 19 12 59 51 199 24 500 32 302 78 6 232 464 38 116 126 74 40 32 113 27 11 70 27 9 75 26 2 1,017 411 487 217 224 119 40 64 184 6 17 231 21 15 209 11 40 48 25 4,841 1,150 26 28 35 66 52 12 273 1 1,890 829 488 3,134 1,906 610 287 607 1,024 484 18 1,271 1,880 31 25 30 to 31 years. 35 to 41 years. 42 162 19 20 268 47 2 212 331 29 61 41 15 26 89 27 3,465 26 3 49 20 7 41 802 360 176 138 85 32 131 3 16 176 7 11 171 12 28 27 19 3,418 774 19 36 26 44 27 223 1 1,409 578 291 2,128 1,300 443 209 419 659 317 11 1,005 1,359 18 17 14 48 1 42 42 268 28 609 19 417 88 7 297 506 25 85 145 92 29 41 138 45 5,236 47 11 88 37 20 81 44 12 1,187 447 565 241 286 171 70 225 5 25 307 19 17 287 19" 52 31 34 4,969 1,069 38 31 43 73 56 12 418 15 to 54 years. 2,376 862 693 3,270 2,265 650 295 671 934 449 1,540 2,505 41 34 22 8 30 136 238 18 287 46 4 138 821 15 58 . 109 67 33 82 82 44 2,745 22 10 48 28 19 33 642 207 331 134 192 47 27 143 2 15 193 12 10 203 12 31 15 14 2,528 453 ■ 15 10 31 45 25 7 294 55toGl years. 6 140 26 2 85 161 6 25 47 31 11 21 28 19 1,242 12 4 22 10 4 19 1,449 453 292 1,995 1,529 304 156 382 500 259 13 821 11 101 170 60 108 42 14 70 65. and years Ageun- ' over, known. 1,149 194 12 6 19 32 26 6 130 714 214 163 948 796 130 61 182 272 132 354 825 4 6 1 19 1 8 3 10 26 27 731 13 6 18 6 4 10 4 2 194 79 108 43 61 28 11 86 464 133 99 563 42 111 190 471 9 38 7 1 7 2 bl 4 n 5 67 3 ft 12 1 4 1 6 874 128 131 13 9 6 11 27 23 17 2 3 GENERAL TABLES. 237 Table 32.-NBGE0 PERSONS ATTENDING SCHOOL DURING THE CENSUS YEAR, CLASSIFIED BY SEX AND AGE PERIODS, FOR CITIES HAVING 25,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE: 1900. Aggre- gate. UNI 5ER S YEARS. 5 TO 9 YEABS. 10 ro 14 YEARS. 16 ro 20 YEARS. . 21 YEARS AND OVER. Total. Males. Fe- males. Total. Males. Fe- males. Total. Males. Fe- males. Total. Males. Fe- males. Total. Males. Fe- males. Alabama: 1,433 1,839 2,088 2,204 350 154 73 182 540 199 102 227 5 402 58 1, 272 11,368 2,140 4,459 2,699 2,944 27 2,747 174 77 124 325 27 359 1,075 39 2,492 71 272 44 34 55 265 13 36 1,122 903 369 1,190 4,821 90 8,342 44 9,716 1,183 54 667 103 37 7 1 2 2 2 1 1 1 ...... 2 2 1 400 533 583 641 142 49 33 58 160 54 39 88 2 127 28 418 2,841 500 957 763 742 10 825 52 29 43 105 5 103 328 13 816 29 100 14 16 7 93 6 17 316 172 113 224 1,398- 32 1,771 19 3,099 387 16 255 34 14 179 217 283 302 62 26 12 37 77 23 17 42 1 61 11 206 1,313 224 458 366 344 5 394 23 13 29 44 47' 157 9 391 17 56 5 10 1 46 3 13 153 85 66 121 680 18 856 9 1,455 178 6 115 16 5' 221 286 300 339 80 23 21 21 83 31 22 46 1 66 17 212 1,528 276 499 397 398 5 431 29 16 14 61 5 56 171 4 425 12 44 9 6 6 47 3 4 163 87 57 103 718 14 915 10 1,644 209 10 140 18 9 819 1,043 1,096 1,139 160 70 30 90 256 81 54 99 3 205 25 675 5,878 1,192 2,462 1,326 1,605 16 1,387 98 35 62 169 16 189 668 21 1,231 32 125 21 17 35 119 5 15 669 502 188 703 2,484 45 5,348 15 5,179 544 33 285 52 22 4 357 496 470 513 68 32 • 16 46 123 37 20 54 1 101 15 329 2,665 554 1,044 595 708 9 637 36 13 33 81 10 89 259 9 591 15 63 9 12 15 59 4 10 256 243 75 300 1,148 19 2,577 6 2,320 249 14 132 22 10 1 462 547 626 626 92 38 14 45 133 44 34 45 2 104 10- 346 3,213 638 1,418 731 897 7 750 62 22 19 88 6 100 309 12 640 17 62 12 5 20 60 1 6 313 259 113 403 1,336 26 2,771 9 2,859 295 19 153 30 12 3 205 252 378 409 47 34 10 32 117 19 9 29 C4 89 136 136 16 13 3 10 39 7 4 13 141 163 242 273 31 21 7 22 78 12 5 16 8 9 29 13 2 6 18 8 MobileT ^Tnnt^nTnfiry 4 Arkansas: Little Rock . U California: Los Angeles . 5 Oakland Sacramento 1 1 i 4 1 1 2 2 1 Colorado: 1 3 4 1 i 3 Connecticut; Bridgeport 3 9 7 2 New Britain 2 2 Waterbury 2 i i 61 4 159 2,444 404 918 541 573 1 482 24 12 23 49 4 66. 173 5 419 8 42 8 30 2 68 865 137 265 187 200 171 8 5 10 13 1 18 76 3 160 5 18 2 31 2 101 1,579 267 653 . 354 373 _ 1 311 16 7 13 36 3 38 97 2 269 3 24 6 7 1 9 157 35 115 57 18 6 4 108 15 63. 44 9 i Delaware: Wilmington 11 48 9 7 12 6 8 17 5 3 8 2 3 31 4 4 4 4 1 District of Columbia: 5 Florida: Jacksonville . 49 Georgia: Atlanta 20 52 Savanuab 13 Hawaii: Honolulu 9 Illinois: Chicago ... . 10 1 9 43 27 East St. Louis 16 Joliet Peoria • 1 6 2 2 . 10 5 1 3 1 2 6 3 3 Roekford 1 1 1 1 1 Indiana: 4 Fort Wayne 2 Indianapolis South Bend ii 4 7 15 2 5 1 1 1 6 3 2 4 1 i' 1 12 Terre Haute Iowa: Cedar Rapids i Council Bluffs i 12 45 2 4 220 223 66 264 874 13 1,161 7 1,311 200 5 99 16 1 3 4 21 1 2 78 77 21 77 299 4 476 3 519 85 1 45 2 1 2 8 24 1 2 142 146 45 177 676 9 686 4 792 115 4 54 14 2 1 1 Dubuque 5 Sioux City Kansas City 3 3 14 6 1 8 68 9 1 1 2 39 Kentucky: 1 1 7. i' 5 1 2" 5 Louisville Newport Lonislanaf 16 1 24 21 6 1 12 9 10 12 12 46 2 103 31 25 1 38 24 Maine: 1 65 7 Maryland: Massachusetts: Boston Brockton Cambridge 16 8 8 12 1 9 3 1 Fall River Fitchbuig 1 Gloucester Haverhill 57 3 14 17 129 70 190 66 4 12 168 18 152 37 512 124 55 52 26 179 266 58 2,245 758 4,537 S-07— 17 1 6 7 69 23 85 34 8 1 6 3 37 9 43 17 9 4 32 14 42 17 31 2 5 7 51 34 65 20 4 4 64 9 65 22 265 54 27 30 8 78 98 29 1,150 439 2,317 17 2 5 4 21 18 49 6 4 4 24 6 20 9 120 31 13 12 5 32 48 14 546 211 1,026 14 8 3 5 1 1 Holyoke Lawrence 3' 30 16 16 14 3 3 8 12 39 10 1 1 4 5 19 4 2 2 4 7 20. 6 Lowell Lynn .... 1 1 Maiden 1 1 2 1 1 2 New Bedford Newton Salem Somerville 5 59 7 68 8 167 42 18 9 14 65 105 21 636 200 1,518 2 23 5 31 3 87 20 7 8 6 35 41 10 297 93 769 3 36 2 27 5 80 22 11 1 8 30 64 11 339 107 749 46' 3 45 13 146 23 14 18 3 46 50 15 604 228 1,291 3 41 2 26 6 72 26 10 12 4 30 60 8 435 113 665 2 10 1 8 1 29 11 7 .4 3 6 35 3 153 46 210 1 31 1 18 5 43 15 3 8 1 24 25 5 282 67 446 ^ringHeld 4 2 2 Taunton Worcester 3 1 1 1 2 i' 1 1 1 Michigan: Bay City Detroit 6 1 3 3 .Taclrf^oTi 1 1 Minnesota: Duluth 6 3 3 St Paul 1 1 2 Missouri: 5 2 11 —16 3 ¥ 2 2 4 19 4 36 11 3 14 8 1 22 4973— Bull. I 238 NEGROES IN THE UNITED STATES. Tabiib 32. -NEGRO PERSONS ATTENDING SCHOOL DURING THE CENSUS YEAR, CLASSIFIED BY SEX AND AGE PERIODS, FOR CITIES HAVING 25,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE: 1900— Continued. Aggre- gate. UNDER 5 YEARS. 5 TO 9 YEARS. 10 TO 14 YEARS. 15 ro 20 -YEARS, 21 YEARS AND OVliB. CITY. Total. Males. Fe- males. Total. Males. Fe- males. Total. Males. Fe- males. Total. Males. Fe- males. Total. Males. Fe- males. Montana: Butte 22 127 460 34 1 616 49 704 182 14 445 767 43 104 207 100 63 66 183 92 6,928 108 8 136 40 29 100 77 19 1,791 744 1,126 600 690 190 160 69 464 5 67 602 49 36 599 41 106 93 51 6,075 1,862 60 62 71 176 112 21 669 10 44 165 10 4 22 77 4 6 22 88 6 10 69 202 19 7 30 89 8 3 29 113 11 2 22 86 5 1 80 7 98 40 2 66 98 1 10 54 15 7 6 29 13 696 38 2 26 8 1 18 9 1 253 102 170 79 96 26 29 9 63 1 17 60 4 13 96 3 6 12 10 723 232 4 •6 6 30 18 1 11 30 2 1 37 3 36 10 ig' 42 6' 22 4 3 2 10 6 258 23 ii' 4 1 11 5 ""'lis' 37 70 34 39 11 13 3 26 8' 26 2 5 84 1 2 5 3 268 84 2 2 3 10 9 1 11 56 3 - Nebraska: Lincoln 1 3 1 1 2' 1 4 i' 1 Omaha '. South Omaha New Hampshire: Manchester New Jersey: Atlantic City 198 14 243 53 2 163 272 22 40 47 27 23 16 62 32 2,168 21 108 4 108 30 I 67 125 6 22 21 13 13 6 38 13 1,047 9 90 10 135 23 1 86 147 16 18 26 14 10 10 24 19 1,121 12 228 28 351 88 10 229 389 19 52 102 57 29 34 90 46 2,953 47 6 66 20 14 46 48 9 922 344 663 270 377 99 68 41 241 1 30 318 26 13 324 24 64 49 23 2,966 962 27 26 41 88 68 9 307 90 15 162 33 6 107 186 12 34 44 28 11 18 41 23 1,390 25 3 25 6 6 26 27 4 443 158 273 128 176 57 36 18 105 ■■■■'17' 156 10 2 163 12 29 27 13 1,354 462 15 11 20 33 21 6 134 138 13 189 65 4 122 204 7 18 68 29 18 16 49 23 1,563 22 3 31 14 8 20 21 6 479 186 280 142 201 42 22 23 136 1 13 162 16 11 161 12 26 22 10 1,602 600 12 16 21 56 37 4 173 43 4 62 30 2 37 56 1 4 32 11 4 4 19 7 437 15 2 15 4 10 10 Bayonne Camden . . 9 4 5 3 1 3 Elizabeth Hoboken , Jersey City 4 2 1 2 2 2 2 i" 2 3 6 1 3 Newark . . FoBSaic Paterson :... Trenton 4 1 2 3 -• — .. New York; Albany 2 2 Binghamton Buffalo 2 2 Elmira 1 54 1 3i' 1 New York 68 1 26 1 32 23 Schenectady Syracuse Troy 2 1 1 51 11 14 35 20 9 601 271 379 146 206 63 61 19 148 3 19 217 17 10 177 14 46 31 17 2,281 662 19 20 23 66 33 11 241 27 5 8 15 11 4 284 119 163 65 116 36 22 13 86 1 10 100 7 7 84 8 20 14 8 1,056 334 6 11 12 32 12 5 126 24 6 6 20 9 6 317 152 216 81 91 27 89 6 63 2 9 117 10 3 93 6 26 17 9 1,225 318 13 9 11 24 21 6 115 1 1 1 1 ^::;:: trtica Ohio: Akron 7 4 1 . 140 65 100 45 57 14 16 6 37 1 9 34 2 8 62 2 4 7 7 465 148 2 4 2 20 9 1 1 Gincinnati 3 2 2 2 i' 1 2 1 12" 25 22 5 11 3 2 5' 15 14 2 6 7 Gpliuubus ,. 10 8 Springfield :. 3 Toledo., 6 Youngetown 3 Oregon: Portland 2 Fennsylvania: 1 1 1. 1 AUentown Chester 1 7 1 4' 1 1 1 3 Erie 1 Johnstown 2 2 . — Newcastle 1 1 44 9 26' 4 1 Philadelphia . 71 7 38 5 33 2 1 Pittsburg . 18 Reading 5 1 1 Williamsport 1 2 3 1 4 i' 2 1 1 1 York 1 Khode Island: Pawtucket 1 Providence Woonaocket 7 4 3 100 26 74" 3 4,266 1,690 1,045 6,244 4,608 1,091 513 1,146 1,786 1,157 26 1,969 3,462 40 34 26 112 6 89 8 13 14 18 1 1 5 2 6 \ 4 2 13 i' 1,231 516 299 1,541 1,098 164 139 343 338 310 10 449 763 16 12 12 22 1 22 6 2 7 581 264 139 788 637 70 61 172 160 161 4 226 346 7 8 4 4 1 9 1 1 5 650 262 160 763 661 84 78 171 178 149 6 223 407 9 4 8 18 "■-■■is" 4 1 2 2,468 888 543 2,976 2,420 696 296 602 1,025 663 ■ 10 1,181 2,037 18 16 11 55 4 50 3 9 6 1,129 406 268 1,383 1,134 322 137 276 477 324 6 495 887 7 10 2 39 4 20 1 2 1 1,339 482 285 1,693 1,286 373 159 • 326 548 339 5 686 1,160 11 6 9 16 36" 2 7 6 528 279 181 683 1,000 239 74 194 400 178 4 312 634 6 6 2 31 1 14 219 81 65 249 361 101 17 79 186 59 2 119 189 2 3 2 12 6' 309 198 126 434 649 138 57 115 264 119 2 198 446 4 3 19 1 8 21 6 21 39 88 3 4 6 21 4 2 18 26 11 4 12 13 65 2" 1 10 2 9 10 Tennessee: Chattanooga . 10 2 9 Nashville 26 Texas: Dallas 83 Fort Worth 3 1 2 2 i' 1 1 1 1 2 6 San Antonio 11 Utah: Salt Lake City 4 Virginia: Norfolk 14 3 8 6 3 Richmond 4 Washington: Seattle 16 Spokane Tacoma West Virginia: Wheeling 1 4 1 2 Wisconsin: La Crosse 2 Milwaukee : . . Oshkosh 3 2 \ Racine Superior 2 1 i" 2 — -.-i' GENERAL TABLES. 239 Table 33.— CONJUGAL CONDITION OF THE NEGRO POPULATION, CLASSIFIED BY SEX, FOR CITIES HAVING 25,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE: 1900. Alabama: Birmingham Mobile Montgomery Arkansas: Little Rock California: Los Angeles Oakland Sacramento San Francisco Colorado: Denver Pueblo Connecticut: . Bridgeport Hartford New Britain New Haven Waterbury Delaware: Wilmington District of Columbia: Washington Florida: Jacksonville Georgia: Atlanta Augusta Savannah , Hawaii: Honolulu Illinois: Chicago East St. Louis ' Joliet Peoria Quincy Rockford Springfield Indiana: Evansville Fort Wayne Indianapolis South Bend Terre Haute Iowa:- Cedar Rapids... ■- Council Bluffs . . . Davenport Des Moines Dubuque Sioux City Kansas: Kansas City Topeka Kentucky: Covington Lexington Louisville Newport Louisiana: New Orleans Maine: Portland Maryland: Baltimore Massachusetts: Boston Brockton Cambridge Chelsea Fall River Fitchburg Gloucester Haverhill Holyoke Lawrence ■ Lowell Lynn Maiden New Bedford Newton Salem Somerville Springfield Taunton Worcester Michigan: Bay City Detroit Grand Rapids . . . Jackson Saginaw Minnesota: Duluth Minneapolis :,- St.Paul Missouri: Joplin Kansas City St. Joseph St.. Louis Aggre- gate. 16, 575 17,045 17, 229 14, 694 2,131 1,026 402 1,664 3,923 1,213 1,149 1,887 118 2,887 540 9,736 86,702 16, 236 35, 727 18,487 28,090 147 30, 160 1,799 660 1,402 2,029 212 2,227 7,518 276 16,931 672 1,620 230 240 488 1,676 116 280 6,509 4,807 2,487 10, 130 39, 139 424 77, 714 291 79, 258 11,691 310 3,888 731 324 65 39 373 40 87 ■ -136 784 446 1,685 606 166 140 1,021 226 1,104 143 4,111 604 473 348 357 1,548 2,263 773 17, 567 6,260 36, 516 Total. 7,738 7,636 7,408 7,063 1,016 .624 1,881 640 516 937 48 1,356 259 4,674 7,544 14, 806 8,120 12, 746 96 16, 073 977 365 829 947 117 1,104 3,758 144 7,902 329 764 103 134 266 878 73 162 3,181 2,278 1,126 4,419 18,842 185 35, 129 142 35,063 5,904 164 1,846 349 118 33 21 181 16 47 67 383 193 796 191 68 68 445 149 607 67 2,014 298 272 199 179 830 1,327 399 8,660 3,364 17,496 Sfcgle. Married. 4,490 4,436 4,120 3,964 ■546 294 121 507 266 664 24 703 136 2,734 21, 974 4,218 8,637 4,699 6,952 66 9,047 686 228 635 618 70 622 4,181 192 432 46 65 136 479 46 1,688 1,264 621 2,571 10, 969 101 20, 260 72 19,886 3,324 89 992 186 70 20 13 96 7 27 33 228 114 441 106 36 40 234 106 273 21 1,097 150 139 133 104 469 777 236 4,704 2,3X3 9,863 Widowed. 2,870 2,844 2,900 2,638 415 202 70 279 726 269 224 334 22 662 105 1,670 14, 572 6,369 3,146 5,069 23 6,072 344 123 228 360 44' 386 1,163 64 3,048 125 273 52 66 103 346 25 58 1,288 866 439 1,608 6,696 72 13,281 13, 512 2,286 61 786 140 47 12 6 77 8 13 27 132 68 323 78 30 26 180 39 215 36 811 130 99 57 61 324 . 466 145 3,317 896 6,619 Di- vorced. 337 309 35 20 6 49 110 18 25 46 1 83 13 325 324 680 801 40 8 60 63 2 75 232 4 449 7 49 3 ^15 37 2 187 135 62 217 1,066 11 1,489 1,610 225 4 65 20 1 1 2 11 37 44 13 456 124 862 79 3 5 16 3 1 7 37 1 112 6 10 Un- known. 13 7 4 16 113 1 1 2 3 12 29 106 189 37 66 Single. 8,837 9,409 9,821 7,641 1,116 502 199 782 2,042 573 950 70 1,532 281 5,062 48, 364 8,692 20, 921 10,367 16,344 62 14, 077 822 286 573 1,082 96 1,123 3,760 182 8,029 243 756 127 106 232 797 42 128 3,328 2,529 1,361 6,711 20, 297 42,686 149 44, 195 6,687 156 2,043 . 382 206 32 18 192 25 40 69 401 263 889 314 88 72 676 77 697 86 2,097 306 201 149 178 718 936 374 9,007 2,896 18.020 4,051 4,608 4,644 509 179 100 867 212 288 473 61 708 146 2,638 25,763 4,081 10,483 6,145 7,115 36 5,450 390 119 284 621 43 662 1,981 69 3,640 102 360 62 39 96 361 17 64 1,515 1,273 641 2,861 9,614 124 20, 693 65 23, 643 1,020 184 112 11 11 94 17 24 35 193 149 415 176 46 37 300 39 301 44 973 133 94 92 314 404 182 3,961 1,674 7,970 Widowed. 8,037 3,032 3,121 2,672 430 216 71 296 798 276 246 371 16 687 110 1,739 15,501 3,145 6,018 3,417 5,447 16 6,996 336 124 208 384 42 407 1,207 63 3,113 123 281 60 64 102 350 21 66 468 1,736 6,897 79 14,227 14, 464 2,178 66 783 141 66 12 5 75 7 12 24 139 73 344 101 30 30 187 23 221 34 801 128 75 66 70 292 404 144 3,450 924 6,900 Di- vorced. 1,627 1,618 1,963 1,261 160 100 24 131 338 64 104 2 226 21 6,864 1,312 4,187 1,692 2,470 2,461 90 41 66 171 10 153 1,163 16 103 15 13 29 79 4 7 465 349 244 1,052 3,581 6,930 817 6 223 64 26 9 2 20 1 4 10 59 29 125 36 12 6 83 16 70 40 30 26 15 97 109 41 1,461 266 2,996 114 137 162 111 14 6 1 17 29 16 6 1 1 11 4 6 212 107 133 78 232 Un- known. 142 31 2 186 2 11 53 260 248 1 142 23 13 4 2 1 1 16 12 3 139 37 106 14 41 10 6 lOO 35 28 1 27 1 1 46 29 116 S3 2 9 2 2 1 6 6 49 240 NEGROES IN THE UNITED STATES. Table 33,— CONJUGAL CONDITION OF THE NEGRO POPULATION, CLASSIFIED BY SEX, FOE CITIES HAVING 25,000 INHABITANTS OB MORE: 1900— Continued. Montana: Butte Nebraska: Lincoln Omaha South Omaha. New Hampshire: Manchester New Jersey: Atlantic City . . Bayonne Camden Elizabeth Hoboken Jersey City Newark Paterson Trenton New York: Albany Auburn Binghamton . Buffalo Elmira New York Rochester Scheaectady , Syracuse Troy Utioa Yonkers Ohio: Akron Canton Cincinnati Cleveland Coliunbus Dayton Springfield . . . Toledo Youngstown . Oregon: Portland Pennsylvania: Allegheny AUentown Altoona Chester Easton Erie ;.... Harrisburg Johnstown Lancaster McKeesport . . . Newcastle Philadelphia . . Pittsburg Reading Bcranton Wilkesbarre . . . Wiliiamsport . . York Rhode Island: Pawtucket Providence Woonsocket . . . South Carolina; Charleston Tennessee: Chattanooga .. Knoxville Memphis Nashville Texas: Dallas Fort Worth.... Galveston Houston San Antonio... Utah: Salt Lake City. Virginia: Norfolk Richmond Washington: Seattle Spokane Tacoma West Virginia: Wheeling Wisconsin: La Crosse Milwaukee Osbkosh Racine Superior Aggre- gate. 814 3,443 671 28 6,513 335 5,676 1,139 101 3,704 6,694 . 443 1,182 2,096 1,178 607 501 1,698 601 127 1,034 400 244 1,005 525 135 14,482 6,988 8,201 3,387 4,263 1,710 915 775 3,315 85 406 4,403 325 244 4,107 314 777 748 463 62,613 17,040 534 521 680 1,142 776 173 4,817 6 31, 522 13, 122 7,369 49,910 30,044 9,036 4,249 8,291 14,603 7,638 278 20, 230 32, 230 406 376 307 1,066 66 862 62 87 186 Total. 422 1,766 408 15 3,289 146 2,603 608 48 " 1,846 3,034 168 542 1,119 642 264 228 899 466 27, 132 291 47 497 167 126 426 281 78 • 7,156 3,177 4,311 1,718 2,209 852 610 458 1,795 ■ 50 209 2,245 173 124 2,016 179 371 431 263 28,940 9,427 287 294 368 604 366 84 2,283 13,970 6,411 3,328 24,551 13, 269 4,178 2,009 3,713 6,691 3, 580 152 9,492 14,354 212 222 201 519 29 471 26 43 102 Single. 248 1,038 310 1,688 70 1,310 274 27 996 1,602 103 284 649 346 134 124 505 278 15, 110 170 24 245 80 64 247 170 46 3,955 1,783 2,567 939 1,242 437 287 1,042 33 125 1,330 104 60 1,154 121 221 262 168 16,649 5,721 164 161 196 303 193 49 1,214 7,844 3,757 2,024 15, 237 7,503 2,333 1,126 2,098 3,837 2,221 86 5,774 8,705 102 130 138 280 16 278 14 18 73 Married. 141 632 1,238 71 1,134 224 20 781 1,330 57 234 423 268 108 95 362 146 11,068 106 19 234 76 61 162 102 24 2,830 1,236 1,508 666 844 360 174 121 687 14 73 823 62 49 729 44 139 163 84 11,223 3,306 111 116 140 149 148 35 944 Widowed, 6,531 2,263 1,123 7,638 6,023 1,610 764 1,381 2,365 1,172 50 3,282 4,873 91 81 47 10 171 11 21 27 4 141 10 1 64 91 7 20 36 35 10 7 39 28 866 13 4 17 10 8 11 132 ■ 188 93 107 45 40 16 64 3 10 91 7 14 120 10 358 12 12 14 45 12 Di- vorced. 362 137 1,436 €60 242 83 153 286 124 11 416 Un- known. 268 "14 Total. 1 6 1 '165' 18 33 159 68 47 28 26 40 12 135 10 1 4 Single. 114 392 13 3,224 189 2,973 631 53 1,858 3,660 276 640 977 536 253 273 799 348 38,534 310 80 537 233 118 244 57 7,326 2,811 3,890 1,669 2,044 858 405 317 1,520 35 197 2,158 152 120 2,091 135 406 317 210 38,673 7,613 247 227 322 638 421 2,534 17,562 6,711 4,031 26,359 16,775 4,867 2,240 4,578 8,017 126 10,738 17,876 194 154 106 547 27 391 26 44 84 41 216 800 76 1,360 102 1,418 338 30 845 1,754 175 306 472 236 124 122 ,360 156 16, 646 169 42 250 129 53 116 31 3,272 1,255 1,954 795 994 381 199 170 723 19 114 1,108 76 60 1,071 74 219 161 99 17,498 3,660 125 91 149 837 228 41 1,209 1 8,717 3,106 2,178 12,701 7,964 2,228 991 2,084 3,888 1,992 60 5,622 10,039 66 47 270 10 177 16 23 47 Married. 46 135 623 76 1,270 66 1,184 228 17 784 1,426 80 269 374 213 99 112 342 135 11, 969 106 21 220 76 51 197 100 20 2,913 1,214 1,410 650 821 352 159 612 15 69 827 60 44 740 44 146 138 89 11,980 3,194 91 113 134 211 151 5,892 2,414 1,217 7,939 5,305 1,587 803 1,609 2,674 1,315 57 3,446 4,924 Widowed. 197 156 7 14 30 18 252 11 415 21 359 64 6 220 470 20 59 124 86 27 37 99 54 4,771 43 15 61 26 13 53 26 6 1,079 311 482 192 211 115 4S 42 186 1 14 214 16 12 270 16 36 27 20 4,068 715 29 21 39 87 Di- vorced. 2,875 1,090 552 4,378 387 701 1,200 552 14 1,646 2,814 16 20 15 73 7 47 3 7 7 28 61 100 64 212 104 126 44 159 211 67 GENERAL TABLES. 241 Tabj,e 34.— total POPULATION AND NEGRO POPULATION, LIVING IN CITIES WITHIN SPECIFIED LIMITS OF SIZE AND IN COUNTRY DISTRICTS': 1900. IN CITIES2 HAVING— STATE OR TERRITOBY. At least 2,500 in- habitants. At least 100,000 inhabitants. 25,000 to 100,000 inhabitants. 8,000 to 26,000 inhabitants. 4,000 to 8,000 inhabitants. 2,500 to 4,000 inhabitants. TBICTS. Total popula- tion. Negro popula- tion. Total popula- tion. Negro popula- tion. Total popula- tion. Negro popula- tion. Total popula- tiou. Negro popula- tion. Total popula- tion. Negro popula- tion. Total popula- tion. Negro popula- tion. Total popula- tion. Negro popula- tion. United States s 30,638,322 2,004,376 14,208,347 668,254 5,549,271 468,366 5,286,375 399,305 3,380,193 274,492 2,214,136 193,969 45,573,846 6,830,019 Continental United States. . 30,583,411 2,004,121 14,208,347 668,254 5,509,965 468,209 5,273,887 399,295 3,380,193 274,492 2,211,019 193,871 45,411,164 6,829,873 North Atlantic division. . 14,852,647 299,717 7,533,280 179,791 2,566,416 50,796 2,226,013 37,087 1,289,027 20,623 738,911 11,420 6,694,048 85,303 New England . . 4,276,764 51,948 1,067,800 20, 723 1,250,268 14, 824 1,007,671 9,005 615,997 4,604 336,038 2,892 1,315,253 7,151 Maine 303,904 226,269 91, 775 2,667,098 407, 240 680,478 10,075,883 861 419 332 29,867 8,423 12,046 247,769 50,145 66, 987 291 28 114,494 101,933 38,587 496,459 104, 860 162,338 1,218,342 363 265 172 3,277 2,469 2,469 28,082 87,046 33, 320 33,461 305,371 44, 617 112, 182 673, 030 148 76 126 1,898 748 1,508 16, 119 52,219 34, 029 19,727 129, 104 14, 731 85,228 403,873 59 50 34 1,041 220 1,488 8,628 390,662 185, 319 261,866 238,248 21, 316 227,942 6,378,795 New Hampshire 243 Vermont Massachusetts Rhode Island Connecticut 784,176 175,597 108,027 6,465,480 13,019 4,817 2,887 159; 068 852, 988 67,435 222, 703 1,315,168 10, 632 179 3,694 35,972 2,107 669 3,180 78,152 Southern N. Atlantic. . . New York 5,298,111 1,329,162 3,448,610 2,232,632 81,356 46,128 120,285 696,372 4, 060, 571 557,674 1,847,235 787,675 63,999 11.580 83, 489 166,960 396,462 349,073 669,623 514, 853 4,765 16, 203 16,004 193, 324 523,009 246,254 449,079 476,098 7,279 10,619 10,184 172,691 196,372 119, 258 367, 400 271,894 3,689 6,375 7,165 98, 763 121,697 56, 903 225,273 183, 112 1,724 2,351 4,463 65,744 1,970,783 554, 507 2,863,506 8,210,848 17,876 23,716 36,660 3,032,645 Pennsylvania South Atlantic division.. Northerns. Atlaaitic... 1,421,173 325,648 787,675 165,960 247,060 63,262 223, 286 62,344 86,268 16,083 76,884 17,999 3,048,308 731,036 85,717 591,206 278, 718 340,067 125, 465 811,459 11,537 93,849 86,702 124. 799 8,761 370,724 76,608 9,736 9,209 18, 411 1,801 4,477 99,018 596,838 19, 160 Maryland 608,957 278,718 79, 268 86, 702 48,640 6,914 16,298 3,200 141, 215 District of Columbia . 131,674 38,878 267,793 52,460. 1,066 130,062 140, 021 34,726 251,812 51,648 3,7S2 110,247 33,534 37,436 185,626 9,964 2,919 82,670 34,838 14, 426 106,228 10, 727 994 47, 745 1,514,117 833,335 6,167,640 635,923 34,738 West Virginia Southern S. Atlantic. . 2,301,609 North Carolina 186,790 171,256 346, 382 107,031 10,148,927 76,169 84,358 161,061 49,136 319,230 96.537 44,363 60,212 50, 700 1,957,622 43,010 19,641 29,191 18, 505 61,873 55,482 56,941 64,918 8,285 1, 287, 707 20,457 27,065 31, 264 3,894 43, 074 34,771 14,145 37,695 19,617 805,714 12,702 6,240 18,302 10,601 20,023 1, 707, 020 1,169,060 1,869,949 421,511 16,184,077 548,300 65,807 183, 667 28,429 1,383,767 31, 522 82,304 16, 236 46,228 697,963 873, 762 Florida . 181, 694 North Central division . . . 4,714,117 148,032 176,521 Eastern North Central . 7,202,383 179,867 3,403,810 81,435 936, 320 29,369 1,522,255 37,020 848, 796 21,112 492, 202 10,931 8,783,198 77,975 Ohio 1, 997, 100 862,689 2, 600, 068 952,323 790,213 2, 946, 544 64,979 42,274 60,746 10,009 1,859 139, 363 965,052 169,164 1,698,575 285,704 285,315 1,310,307 30,381 15, 931 30, 150 4,111 862 66,597 241,866 176,794 216,570 182,718 117,372 448,447 9,215 9,886 8,319 1,568 381 16,859 392, 922 261,876 366,795 278,912 231,760 435,367 12,258 9,045 12,732 2,584 401 24,853 264,679 162, 573 188,203 153,222 80,119 438,911 8,710 5,792 4,967 1,633 no 21, 962 132,681 92,282 139,915 51,767 76,667 313,512 4,415 1,620 4,578 213 105 9,092 2, 160, 446 1,663,773 2,221,492 1,468,669 1,278,829 7,400,879 31,922 16,231 Illinois 24,332 5,807 "Wisconsin 683 Western North Central. 98,546 Minnesota 598,100 572,386 1,128,104 23,413 40,936 252,702 330, 903 2,188,253 4,495 8,097 89,247 125 195 5,441 31,763 668,424 365, 783 3,811 52,969 218,259 26, 023 357 3,028 773 51,294 156,466 87,571 9,589 10,266 108 3,413 9,139 64 30 72,205 81, 764 128,451 7,652 18,477 52,968 77,404 339,324 133 839 15,093 28 107 389 5,373 110,184 55,849 115, 907 44,090 6,172 12,193 31,009 48,292 291,698 86 817 4,899 43 58 224 2,965 94, 567 1,153,294 1,669,467 1,978,561 295,733 360,634 813,598 1,139,692 11,891,794 464 4,596 Missouri 841,969 69,343 71,987 161 270 102,555 3,443 66,170 86,026 691,870 1,385 11,316 172,830 828 120,181 371,306 12,109 124,080 20,240 South Central division . . . 594,155 166,763 3,525,528 Eastern South Central . 1,131,056 386,268 307,051 89,049 348,494 114,415 152,132 62, 846 166,402 60,639 156,977 59,419 6, 416, 701 2,113,618 467,668 326,639 216,714 120,035 1,057,197 100, 145 131,144 98, 154 56,825 282,156 204,731 102,320 39,139 49,910 97,608 143,656 107,230 13,041 50,525 60,849 60,620 23,942 26,476 41,094 219,174 18,813 11,202 11,807 21,024 61,234 60,687 15,968 48,742 41,005 172,922 15,505 4,655 21,228 19,151 49,645 44,022 40,753 34,266 37,936 134,621 13,647 14,852 14, 270 16,650 36,148 1,679,506 1,693,977 1,611,983 1,431,235 5,475,093 184,561 349,099 729,153 850,805 Western South Central. 287,104 77,714 243,376 58,415 1, 411, 910 366,288 111,733 22,206 36,211 520,759 1,660,952 116,954 37,171 3,315 5,387 119,329 20,378 287,104 77,714 27,282 33,056 15,138 11,280 32,890 19,033 9,935 16,302 6,706 2,273 19,012 21,337 12,271 16, leaT 65,833 191,684 8,800 4,491 1,042 1,132 19,683 2,117 1,015,337 1,199,831 369,854 362,120 2,527,961 2,430,397 ,633,860 38,307 14,694 329,685 Indian Territory 33,538 20,043 138,793 243, 848 4,255 30,561 3,664 13,444 205,069 454,059 43,721 5,031 111,064 192,241 25,364 1,858 501,393 Western division 579, 120 7,708 9,876 Rocky Mountain 406,479 9,109 133,869 3,923 58,627 1,461 101,134 2,134 47,054 786 66,805 806 826,163 3,827 Montana 84,554 10,003 26,657 260,651 24,614 132,117 931 71 489 7,052 566 710 30,470 248 35,153 491 4,366 10,003 4,363, 16,481 11,841 29,211 34 71 104 264 313 274 14,565 168 168,775 151,769 66,874 279,049 170,696 309,898 592 222 Wyoming "■"i33,'859' "3," 923' "'28,'i67' '"i,'2i3" 22,294 43,687 385 1,258 ""38," 467" 12,773 33, 062 '"'394' 253 115 1,518 1,044 53,631 278 16, 313 43 1,944 19,495 105,427 7,195 1 122,356 330 343 37 10, 559 13,075 11,636 4,500 115, 976 234 12 28 798 6,420 23,947 2,695 92,817 96 10 9 1,197 103,436 171,322 35,140 1,294,336 1,618 Utah 53,531 278 16,313 43 97 Nevada 445,261 3,785 341,901 3,292 126,401 1,487 4,106 211,477 133,180 777,699 15,605 39,306 1,606 878 8,075 108 147 155,233 90,426 96, 242 ""39,'366' 1,089 775 1,428 ""HY 10,049 8,381 107,971 12,488 25 8 1,464 10 23,468 16, 327 77,181 85 68 646 22,727 19,046 51,044 3,117 407 27 763 98 306,626 280,356 707,354 47,987 114,695 908 227 2,970 CRlifnrnia 445,261 3,785 60 Alaska Hawaii . . . ; 86 r<.,«o,.a -RiiHetin 4 Table 40. shows' the number of cities in each Class for each State and territory. .,., . ,. .. . . », ?,??lXs?he copulation 01 all iSpo^^^^ at least 2,600 inhabitants, all New England towns of like size and not containing an incorporated Dlace two unincorporated places in Alaslka, and one unincorporated place in Hawaii sNot Including military and naval. 242 NEGROES IN THE UNITED STATES. Table 35.— TOTAL POPULATION AND NEGRO POPULATION LIVING IN CITIES WITHIN SPECIFIED LIMITS OF SIZE AND IN COUNTRY DISTRICTS': 1890. IN CITIES HAVING— STATE OB TERRITORY. At least 2,500 inhabitants. At least 100,000 inhabitants. 25,000 to 100,000 inhabitants. 8,000 to 25,000 inhabitants. 4,000 to 8,000 inhabitants. 2,600 to 4,000 inhabitants. TKICTS. Total popula- tion. Negro popula- tion. Total popula- tion. Negro popula- tion. Total ^rn." Negro popula- tion. Total popula- tion. Negro popula- tion. Total popula- tion. Negro popula- tion. Total popula- tion. Negro popula- tion. Total popula- tion. Negro To^ Continental United States . 22,659,367 1,482,661 9,697,960 434, 186 4,291,608 370,866 4,256,057 328,823 2,449,299 183,197 1,865,443 165,589 40,388,347 6,006,026 North Atlantic division.. 10,718,903 192,012 5,027,628 103,621 2,111,122 33,759 1,836,526 27,343 1,044,731 17,348 698,996 9,941 6,688,066 77,894 New England ^. 3,-367,886 38,037 680,623 12,088 1,026,947 13,331 834,766 6,459 566,042 3,474 369,5fi8 2,685 1,332,863 6,643 Maine 274, 386 189,721 72,170 2,003,854 328,010 499,745 7,351,017 776 298 321 20, 427 7,122 9,094 153,975 36,425 44, 126 231 39 93,921 68,932 22,829 409,731 112, 792 136,661 1,001,760 237 162 148 1,784 1,999 2,129 20,884 95,922 38,368 17,384 294,369 37,764 82,235 478, 689 247 60 94 1,531 809 743 13,874 48,118 48,296 31,957 144,654 17,676 68,909 339,488 60 47 79 894 244 1,361 7,266 386,700 186,809 260,252 235,093 17,496 246,513 6,355,203 415 316 616 1,717 271 3,208 71,361 New Hampshire Massachusetts Bhode Island Connecticut 448,477 132,146 8,125 3,963 706,723 27, 633 212,040 1,084,175 8,093 107 4,861 20,428 Southern N. Atlantic .. 4,446,905 91,533 New York . 3,911,247 882,373 2,557,397 1,730,600 51,893 25,143 76, 939 566,873 2,711,204 344,833 1,390,868 664,831 36,666 6,240 49, 728 142,676 442,324 275,530 366,321 409, 189 4,911 8,049 7,468 156, 098 446,349 160,649 394,862 345,944 6,419 5,915 8,550 142,732 205,600 66,633 216, 556 134,226 3,266 2,619 7,999 55,714 105,770 44,928 188,790 176, 410 1,742 2,320 3,194 70,653 2, 091, 927 662,660 2,700,716 7,127,322 18,199 22,495 30,657 2,695,817 Pennsylvania South Atlantic division.. Northern S. Atlantic. . . 1, 161, 189 288,068 664, 831 142, 676 212, 212 57,192 165,262 50,323 66,613 17,435 72,371 20,442 2, 698, 860 699,676 68,502 498,209 230,392 282, 721 81,365 569,411 8,936 80, 142 76,572 117,092 6,327 278, 805 61,431 7,644 4,010 11, 796 515 4,354 3,061 20,934 776 5,134 99,991 644,181 19,461 136,516 434,439 230,392 67,104 75,672 31,040 3,560 District of Columbia. 116,259 34,522 196, 977 48,574 974 97,906 105, 706 18,516 190,682 44, 769 2,004 92,409 26,739 13,968 77,713 10,474 2,092 88,279 34,017 14,369 104, 039 13,275 1,257 50, 211 1,373,269 681,429 4,428,462 618,346 26,368 1,996,142 Southern S. Atlantic . . . North Carolina 115,769 118,822 257,472 77,368 7,413,216 55, 695 64,146 123,862 36,102 240,509 62,644 23,960 67,147 47,031 1, 544, 500 31, 069 12,868 27,284 21,198 52,217 34,616 6,544 27,380 10,274 950, 593 16,873 2,596 16,163 3,647 37,659 18,700 34,363 30,923 20,053 668,280 7,763 17,712 14,479 10,257 19,651 1,502,190 1,032,327 1,579,881 314,064 14,997,201 505,323 624,788 734,953 131,078 190,603 South Carolina 64,965 142,022 30,970 66, 936 Georgia Florida North Central division. . . 3,196,723 89,856 1, 053, 120 41,327 Eastern North Central . . 5,100,678 124,212 2, 173, 891 41, 928 698,122 24, 179 1,144,491 29,887 669,338' 18,109 424,836 10,109 8, 377, 627 82,811 Ohio 1,603,097 690,039 1,708,790 730,294 668,458 2,312,638 61, 121 28,839 34,076 8,734 1,442 116,297 668,261 105,436 1,099,850 205,876 204,468 1,022,832 14,644 9,133 14,271 3,431 449 47,927 349,709 116,366 72,618 134,439 25,090 354, 998 13,616 6,916 2,635 1,052 SI 17,148 251,372 178, 764 313,587 205,780 194,988 400, 009 7,967 7,602 11,270 2,518 640 22,330 228,542 106,667 119,513 106,436 98,280 291,266 10,849 3,185 2,742 1,107 226 19,450 115,213 82,906 103,322 77,763 45,632 243,444 4,156 2,003 3,168 626 166 9,442 2,169,232 1,602,365 2,117,662 1,363,596 1,124,872 6,619,674 Indiana 35,992 Illinois . .. . 6,489 Western North Central. 1,002 107,792 Minnesota Iowa 443,049 405,764 860,685 10,643 28,566 291,641 272,201 1,539,286 3,286 • 6,635 70,779 81 149 7,197 28,170 468, 621 297,894 2,796 33,115 145,082 52,324 220 1,886 3,686 38,306 124, 148 66,933 112 2,910 7,163 35, 776 64,933 107,825 10,643 52 830 14,429 81 37,958 71,601 49,117 106 1,009 4,936 867,234 1,506,633 1,818,500 180,340 320,046 771,016 1,166,907 9,630,861 397 684,486 40,665 North Dakota 79,405 292 392 South Dakota 10,177 63,889 96,666 321,278 44 1,120 10, 981 102,956 18,378 17,868 48,527 200,054 105 96 3,191 63,940 Nebraska 140, 462 4,566 65,164 69,323 422,643 1,860 9,996 137, 022 14,283 57,795 192,143 56 4,002 71,561 Kansas 1,716 South Central division. . . 403,168 93, 142 21,640 3,029,266' Eastern South Central . . 819,885 274,697 161, 129 28, 661 264,388 97,478 176,507 63, 790 118, 529 50,619 99, 332 34, 169 5,609,269 1,845,100 Kentucky 366,713 240,971 162,235 69, 966 719,401 76,274 95, 624 69,607 34,192 193, 924 161, 129 28,661 37,371 169,763 57,264 1,943 70, 651 24,884 77,954 32, 574 31,881 34,098 144,771 19,000 10,583 16,684 17,623 39, 166 49,166 ■17,466 34,782 17,137 73,614 15,936 7,553 17,426 9,704 20,942 31,104 21,179 28,318 18,731 100,722 9,744 6,837 10,713 6,865 29, 781 1,501,922 1,626,647 1,361,166 1,219,«34 4,021,582 192,797 335,054 Mississippi 608,882 Western South Central. 242,039 64,491 158,265 39,544 708,367 1,184,166 Arkansas Indian Territory 73,159 28,491 ""26," 874' ""9,'739" 22,467 29,349 13,669 9,377 ""5,' 189' "§,'299' 22,681 12,747 10,804 3,076 831,411 1,065,052 180,182 - 71,636 1,883,401 1,944,907 470,839 283,626 18,636 2,638 Texas 352, 126 1,157,362 256, 146 79,644 14,636 6,238 '"i32,"38i' 295,634 "29,"865' 3,650 "'92,'965' 206,809 "i6,'236' 3,675 4,161 64,274 127,606 278 17,365 1,016 2,788 62,506 121,703 167 16,244 1,504 405,710 106, 713 4,892 3,045, 408,627 Rocky Mountain 12,446 T-rr. Montana Idaho Wyoming Colorado 38,787 ""2i,'484" 185,905 9,970 99,481 628 327' 6,009 274 495 ' 'ioe.'ns" "3,'645' 24,567 "'ii,'696' 46,082 429 """227" 1,517 6,388 15, 792 6,186 14,874 98 242 93 43 38, 739 14, 230 """"3," 406" 17,818 3,785 16, 364 587 199 2" 205 181 128 611, 412 104,137 88,548 41,071 227,344 150r312 246,896 4,646 862 201 695 New Mexico 1,206 Basin and Plateau 44,843 218 23,400 • 106 1,682 1,692 Utah Nevada 75; 165 16,024 801,736 294 107 7,903 ""44,'843' ""218" ""14,' 889" 8,511 101,080 69' 37 1,296 5,160 9,724 40 3 3,152 5,699 7,513 66,600 54 4 70 789 79,941 135,624 31,331 1,086,599 1,263 294 298, 997 1,847 250, 691 3,432 84,367 539 135 6,207 Oregon 85,093 697 689,464 6,328 78,843 46,385 126,463 649 480 2,303 19,922 10,532 70,626 190 29 1,077 22,100 11,313 60,964 112 29 398 6,318 16,863 43,424 27 59 703 230,054 232,611 623,934 624 298,997 1,847 589 4,994 ■Census Bulletin 4 Table 40, shows tt le number of ciMBo nc« ( GENERAL TABLES. 243 Table 36.— TOTAL POPULATION AND NEGRO POPULATION LIVING IN CITIES WITHIN SPECIFIED LIMITS OF SIZE AND IN COUNTRY DISTRICTS i^ 1880. :n cities having— OUTSIDE OF CITIES BTATE OR TKHRITORY. At least 4,000 inhabitants. At least 100,000 inhabitants. 25,000 to 100,000 inhabitants. 8,000 to 26,000 inhabitants. 4,000 to 8,000 inhabitants. HAVING AT LEAST 4,000 INHABITANTS. Total popula- tion. Negro popula- tion. Total popula- tion. Negro popula- tion. Total popula- tion. Negro popula- tion. Total popula- tion. Negro popula- tion. Total popula- tion. Negro popula- tion. Total popula- tion. Negro popula- tion. Continental United States. . . 18,184,902 849,721 6,241,240 314,037 2,394,284 196,339 2,753,137 216,009 1,796,241 123, 336 36,970,881 8,731,072 North Atlantic division . . . 7,191,817 138,862 3,656,581 78,497 1,340,032 25,708 1,309,844 20,006 886,360 14,652 7, 316, 690 90,665 New England 2, 199, 076 28,717 467,696 9,455 683, .549 10,117 656,876 5,623 490, 966 3,622 1,811,463 11,208 171,528 103,004 80,531 1,355,603 236,261 302,159 4,992,741 845 282 260 16,410 5,808 6, 122 110,145 33,810 32,630 327 49 66,810 48.617 11,365 369,624 76, 702 93,758 652, 968 196 208 116 2,304 1,298 1,602 14,382 70,908 21, 767 19,166 248, 671 54,692 75,861 394,405 323 25 134 1,407 928 705 11,130 477,408 243, 987 301,756 427,482 40,280 820,641 5,504,137 606 403 807 3,287 680 5,425 79,347 New Hampshire Vermont 362, 839 104,867 5,873 3,582 384, 569 5,826 Rhode Island Connecticut 132,540 766,483 3,916 16,691 Southern North Atlantic . 3,188,885 69, 042 New 'York. ... 2,747,671 586,647 1,658,523 1,060,696 40,600 16,663 52, 982 331,989 1,928,096 257,230 1,003,559 509, 937 28,615 4,651 36,776 113,312 322,577 181,828 262, 078 254,917 2,960 6,447 6,194 93, 289 363,273 56, 692 243,103 196, 286 6,411 2,360 5,611 87,078 143,725 90,897 159,783 100,666 2,624 3,106 6,401 38,310 2,335,200 544, 669 2,624,368 6, 536, 601 24,604 22,290 32,663 2,609,213 New Jersey Pennsylvania .... South Atlantic division . . . Northern South Atlantic . 810,999 207,529 509,937 113, 312 136,815 34,029 103,982 42,263 60,265 17,925 2,679,198 7JU,'J-I1 42,478 364,934 177,624 178,117 47,846 249, 697 5,468 60,019 59,696 79,254 3,192 124, 460 42, 478 5,468 104, 130 570,009 20, 974 160,211 332, 313 177,624 53, 716 59,596 19,352 2,811 13,269 3,492 District of Columhia. . . Virginia ... 63, 600 30,737 118,102 27,832 729 69,260 84,630 39,452 29,887 17,109 40,291 11,970 2,463 20,385 1,334,448 570,611 3,957,308 552,362 22,694 1,862,972 "West Virginia 91,304 44,816 North Carolina 40,162 66,180 118,980 24,385 3,663,841 22,380 36,766 66,234 10,081 142,619 26,616 10, 036 44,763 9,890 930,407 14,816 5,698 21,169 3,132 43,268 13,637 6,160 6,099 14,495 639,162 7,564 2,791 3,081 6,949 26,833 1,369,698 929, 397 1,423,200 246,108 13,700,270 608,897 568,567 668,899 116,609 243,002 49, 984 68,118 27, 276 31,984 Florida North Central division . . . . 1,600,915 42,078 593,357 30,2.S\ ""43.'4' 63.1 14.6 46.6 46.0 "'ei'.h' 47.1 84.6 53.4 1 54.0 ""37.'7" 52.9 15.4 50.4 51.8 52.9 49.0 50.9 65.2 49.6 48.2 47.1 51.0 Western division 87.0 66.3 13.0 34.7 49.1 Rocky Mountain 34.8 Montana Idaho Wyoming Colorado 58.9 64.2 62.6 63.0 63.9. 56.8 41.1 36.8 37.4 37.0 46.1 43.2 82.9 '""77.'6' 63.6 60.3 82.9 17.1 ""22.'4" 36.4 39.7 17.1 '"eS.'s" '"si"?' 84.2 '"m.6 69.6 15.8 ""45."6' 40.4 62.0 66.3 62.8 75.5 43.3 '"SB.O 43.7 47.2 24.5 80.1 79.4 "'"99." 7' 69.5 63.9 85.6 19.9 20.6 ""0.3 30.6 36.1 14.4 66.7 55.6 64.2 68.5 61.3 53.8 55.1 43.3 44.4 35.8 41.6 New Mexico 38.7 Basin and Plateau 79.9 20.1 84.6 16.4 46.2 44.9 Arizona Utah Nevada 53.1 62.5 68.3 80.7 46.9 37.6 31.7 19.8 79.6 81.2 85.2 88.2 20.5 18.8 14.8 11.8 ""79."9' ""do.'i" ""8i."2" 86.2 86.7 ""is.'s' 18.8 14.3 75.8 (■) 24.2 87.6 S.9 85.7 12.4 ^y.l 14.3 52.5 59.2 64.6 75.4 47.5 40.8 90.1 9.9 86.5 14.5 90.0 10.0 35.4 24.6 Oregon 78.7 84.0 21.3 16.0 93.6 87.7 16.7 6.6 12.3 76.3 92.7 82.0 23.7 7.3 18.0 86.3 94.0 85.3 13.7 6.0 14.7 90.4 98.3 86.6 9.6 1.7 14.4 85.7 91.9 84.6 14.3 8.1 16.4 58.3 67.5 80;9 . 41,7 32.5 19.1 California 90.1 9.9 B than 100. GENERAL TABLES. 251 Table 44.— PER 10,000 DISTRIBUTION OF THE NEGRO POPULATION BY AGE PERIODS: 1900. PROPORTION OF THE NEGRO POPULATION IN SPECIFIED AGE PERIOD PER 10,000 OF ALL ages: 1900 STATE OS TBBBITORY. Under 5 years. 5 to 9 years. 10 to 14 years. 15 to 19 years. 20 to 24 rears. 25 to 29 ^ears. SO to 85 to 40 to 45 to 50 to 55 to 60 to 65 to 70 to 80 to S4 39 44 49 54 59 64 69 79 89 years, years, years, years, years, years, years, years, years, years. 90 j-ears and , over. Age Total. Jnder Uyear. lto4 years. un- inowu United States 1,375 277 1,098 1,361 1,235 1,111 1,100 836 694 537 416 309 329 203 183 116 128 40 12 56 Continental United States. . 1,376 277 1,099 1,362 1,236 1,112 1,097 835 594 637 416 369 329 203 183 116 128 40 12 66 North Atlantic division. . 895 200 695 789 733 922 1,372 1,273 948 829 621 477 378 245 177 113 121 38 8 61 New England 911 201 710 795 725 865 1,225 1,218 902 810 668 648 445 285 211 130 146 60 .7 69 Maine 895 559 908 924 872 923 892 152 136 133 208 200 198 200 743 423 775 716 672 725 692 834 589 884 765 811 849 788 857 725 872 688 742 772 734 926 997 1,160 823 837 943 933 986 1,662 1,077 1,246 1,164 1,228 1,399 1,122 1,208 920 1,298 1,119 1,134 1,283 623 680 787 974 848 833 956 743 740 521 852 793 757 832 614 740 606 660 740 648 613 660 589 642 530 681 550 464 591 393 412 432 499 430 366 455 347 387 257 328 294 238 288 272 242 190 245 226 171 114 151 157 117 126 159 110 205 227 266 132 161 160 116 83 16 97 38 62 62 36 7 ..... 14 7 8 98 New Hampshire Vermont 106 73 Massachusetts Rhode Island 69 68 25 Bouthern N. Atlantic . . 61 782 924 948 1,462 183 205 209 300 599 719 739 1,162 683 839 832 1,416 664 773 768 1,277 947 940 921 1,137 1,488 ' 1,382 1,350 1,074 1,354 1,187 1,280 769 983 891 968 551 869 770 843 511 633 591 610 408 489 451 455 337 386 381 347 330 249 255 224 198 180 187 167 189 114 123 102 117 121 131 106 181 40 38 82 40 8 8 7 11 30 New Jersey 129 Pennsylvania South Atlantic division.. 50 42 Northern S. Atlantic . . . 1,269 261 1,008 1,273 1,201 1,126, 1,070 798 "593 582 499 402 366 227 207 130 150 45 10 62 1,180 1,196 839 1,367 1,102 1,539 241 247 174 279 249 316 939 949 665 1,088 853 1,223 1,156 1,174 862 1,384 1,012 1,472 1,108 1,129 842 1,296 938 1,307 1,056 1,077 1,035 1,157 ■1,157 1,141 1,060 1,074 1,844 1,003 1,514 1,076 856 864 1,117 707 1,157 757 656 628 794 641 750 535 684 642 781 527 614 483 529 538 630 471 429 372 451 426 527 380 328 311 370 379 449 364 295 316 269 246 258 217 175 187 209 217 201 209 132 182 149 183 127 132 84 112 167 139 130 160 104 123 43 41 43 48 27' 38 6 9 12 11 6 11 64 88 District of Columbia . 9 36 West Virginia Southern S. Atlantic . . . 176 38 North Carolina South Carolina 1,552 1,601 1,519 1,376 874 326 335 302 278 174 1,226 1,266 1,217 1,098 700 1,439 1,630 1,484 1,318 965 1,302 1,368 1,300 1,143 996 1,197 1,196 1,087 1,047 1,029 1,051 1,049 1,079 1,225 1,133 701 695 794 957 1,040 486 499 560 672 810 442 458 501 695 755 361 370 373 407 588 344 293 292 370 477 365 281 330 264 402 228 177 172 176 283 180 190 187 144 201 121 114 110 92 145 139 120 120 98 149 43 35 38 34 47 11 9 12 12 13 48 15 42 Florida North Central division. . . 93 Eastern North Central . 846 172 674 903 925 973 1,131 1,0S3 863 794 626 498 419 296 210 148 149 45 12 79 Ohio 884 879 793 814 692 904 181 170 167 176 703 709 626 646 547 728 939 953 840 879 692 1,032 950 988 862 957 779 1,073 975 1,026 933 996 905 1,089 1,087 1,149 1,191 1,008 1,188 1,135 1,012 1,050 1,219 • 893 1,105 995 807 800 976 819 881 752 767 728 864 788 980 714 624 592 646 654 637 546 623 481 468 653 547 454 424 438 885 482 627 385 324 289 266 367 315 269 230 208 179 276. 134 191 164 147 121 196 193 141 167 18e 123 210 197 148 *52 38 ■38 61 98 50 11 11 13 17 16 15 60 Western Korth Central. 107 651 775 918 629 796 673 948 1,408 127 153 180 210 108 128 182 276 524 622 738 419 688 545 766 1,132 712 883 1,044 874 946 772 1,094 1,417 681 971 1,075 1,259 860 769 1,177 1,278 653 1,025 1,096 979 903 1,026 1,134 1,119 1,091 1,106 1,158 1,154 1,011 1,361 1,048. 1,087 1,492 1,060 1,002 1,189 1,183 1,281 870 827 1,305 808 757 699 538 1,021 642 570 1,117 823 717 664 753 963 610 606 766 690 560 804 882 665 485 381 488 542 434 664 731 478 484 374 399 408 373 490 538 380 413 315 212 292 256 140 366 230 310 193 145 217 179 175 258 120 236 176 121 144 130 210 43 91 181 112 71 130 144 36 129 102 182 123 16 45 48 "'ii' 14 65 40 12 9 14 35 ...... 21 13 168 105 North Dakota South Dakota 43 45 100 South Central division... 62 Eastern South Central . . 1,392 , 274 1,118 1,396 1,268 1,134 1,092 820 668 506 ■383 370 329 201 183 118 131 42 12 55 1,114 1,299 1,442 1,484 1,431 232 265 282 284 280 882 1,034 1,160 1,200 1,151 1,169 1,312 1,431 1,480 1,448 1,164 1,236 1,280 1,306 1,293 1,100 1,166 1,127 1,133 1,098 1,087 1,106 1,092 1,088 1,080 899 831 798 809 836 639 585 546 658 674 639 530' 464 491 502 511 383 338 383 377 418 360 435 301 381 373 391 321 288 295 247 240 188 177 182 196 180 176 186 166 134 123 114 115 103 162 134 133 122 112 42 39 43 41 38 11 11 13 13 13 105 74 60 26 Western South Central. 71 1,425 1,397 1,456 1,354 1,458 683 267 279 306 297 292 133 1,158 1,118 1,150 1,057 1,166 550 518 '1,436 1,412 1,420 1,241 1,490 768 1,272 1,273 1,265 1,193 1,332 720 1,062 1,124 1,132 1,123 1,118 766 1,056 1,114 1,071 945 1,090 1,166 856 841 848 697 816 1,169 684 571 681 615 667 1,078 517 487 606 546 494 1,038 412 364 411 442 344 776 349 452 390 396 371 565 311 309 272 461 266 432 199 191 179 361 164 263 179 153 127 252 159 171 114 92 81 184 95 125 131 97 88 168 101 108 46 81 28 46 34 32 15 10 15 15 13 11 36 82 131 82 Indian Territory Texas Western division 140 Rocky Mountain 648 130 688 663 773 1,139 1,310 1,160 1,083 782 560 416 277 146 89 67 16 4 179 Montana 624 478 628 671 590 539 105 68 85 140 137 102 519 410 543 531 •453 437 584 819 670 717 615 513 697 614 479 692 689 475 566 717 830 788 870 595 1,10? 1,297 1,723 1,008 1,503 2,359 1,320 922 1,819 1,251 1,391 1,632 1,267 956 1,308 1,166 975 1,056 1,261 1,602 915 1,068 1,019 919 913 786 479 798 745 629 630 614 383 579 484 448 473 375 276 420 429 305 276 410 234 286 230 200 125 239 149 148 137 79 65 102 64 98 75 98 79 68 '"77 43 75 ' 20 13 85 102 32 15 12 19 ""3 11 11 215 193 New Mexico Basin and Plateau 49 503 685 298 741 81 164 74 142 422 521 224 599 514 551 298 885 471 491 448 816 579 656 522 790 2,500 2,277 821 971 1,726 1,443 1,269 941 1,061 1,027 1,119 1,010 996 789 622 1,019 690 686 896 797 422 446 821 591 276 327 597 469 161 193 896 262 66 119 76 209 76 89 448 162 43 74 522 160 11 30 75 49 5 "i49 17 11 119 Utah 224 122 Washington 553 353 823 178 1,760 92 109 158 ■"386 461 244 665 178 1,374 593 480 992 612 633 879 628 562 851 1,321 1,077 881 4,107 858 5,017 1,189 1,475 831 2,024 386 2,243 1,277 1,620 888 1,429 644 982 1,293 1,321 926 1,131 858 435 780 869 794 357 558 222 557 480 609 298 515 125 481 407 473 179 429 65 219 244 274 59 129 17 143 127 233 96 146 179 64 IM 169 24 18 57 16 "'i9 155 45 122 238 386 3 215 2 172 . 43 43 Hawaii 1,159 1,030 9 815 680 210 Military and naval 252 NEGROES IN THE UNITED STATES. • Table 45.— PEE 10, 000 DISTRIBUTION OF THE NEGRO MALE POPULATION BY AGE PERIODS: 1900. STATE OB TEKBITOBY. United States . Continental United States North Atlantic division . New England Maine New Hampshire . Vermont Massachusetts Rhode Island Connecticut Southern N. Atlantic . New York...." New Jersey Pennsylvania South Atlantic division . Northerns. Atlantic. - Delaware ..' Maryland District of Columbia Virginia West Virginia Southern S. Atlantic. North Carolina South Carolina Georgia Florida North Central division . Eastern North Central Ohio Indiana Illinois Michigan . . Wisconsin. , Western North _Central Minnesota Iowa Missouri North Dakota. South Dakota . Nebraska South Central division. . Eastern South Central . Kentucky Tennessee Alabama Mississippi Western South Central. Louisiana Arkansas Indian Territory . Oklahoma Texas Western division. Rocky Mountain. Montana Idaho Wyoming Colorado New Mexico . . . Basin and Plateau . Arizona Utah Nevada Pacific Washington. Oregon California. . . PEOPOBTION OP THE NEGKO MALE POPULATION IN SPECIFIED AGE PERIOD PEE 10,000 OP ALL AGES: 1900. Under 5 years. Total. Alaska Hawaii Military and naval . 1,376 1,878 791 612 793 919 923 789 936 916 1,280 1,138 1,199 940 1,381 955 1,549 1,592 1,617 1,527 1,320 837 853 843 732 779 642 543 697 893 578 662 644 930 1,411 1,400 1,112 1,308 1,457 1,486 1,428 1,435 1,371 1,363 1,276 1,463 605 595 670 241 555 651 459 389 419 0) 665 434 281 773 Under 1 year. 276 119 214 176 205 231 229 188 209 201 262 232 251 201 280 200 318 306 268 167 175 161 162 150 127 109 133 178 173 110 130 179 276 273 233 264 283 281 267 272 289 301 295 114 60 96 137 107 126 69 104 144 1 to4 years. 1,100 1,101 689 617 714 692 755 601 727 715 1,171 1,018 906 948 739 1,101 755 1,231 1,260 1,279 1,221 1,062 670 678 682 680 629 515 701 5 to 9 years. 1,367 790 785 731 660 731 883 790 434 664 715 405 552 514 751 1,136 1,127 879 1,044 1,174 1,205 1,149 1,168 1,099 1,074 976 1,168 490 637 181 460 614 352 331 0) 539 365 177 629 769 709 868 806 1,430 10 to 11 years. 1,251 710 704 702 766 903 662 739 781 712 661 762 726 1,284 1,122 1,178 1,487 1,482 1,550 1,499 1,248 926 849 894 901 778 821 621 1,012 675 806 1,039 761 882 632 1,078 1,427 1,412 1,167 1,327 1,458 1,493 1,449 1,460 1,388 1,326 1,223 1,489 684 516 663 666 662 460 374 374 376 0) 1,217 1,106 1,139 892 1,321 807 1,337 1,340 1,413 1,333 1,101 953 16 to 19 years. 1,080 834 807 970 866 1,101 781 776 844 860 817 1,120 20 to 24 years 1,052 1,046 1,289 1, 122 1,468 1,123 1,151 1,091 1,087 1,319 1,378 1,323 .1,283 1,069 1,047 994 1,161 1,166 1,107 947 788 915 649 1,047 604 921 1,057 1,041 551 677 1,167 1,295 1,291 1,164 1,266 1,313 1,331 1,301 1,291 1,258 1,266 1,189 1,343 616 566 460 422 349 635 608 316 330 {') 730 654 602 805 949 6 1,188 1,179 1,036 978 981 919 909 973 891 965 783 1,049 561 932 1,066 809 956 992 1,091 1,090 1,114 1,078 J, 160 l,i09 1,105 1,066 1,027 1,067 1,076 1,052 1,079 670 526 602 660 693 723 521 499 639 0) 564 473 820 1,049 1,051 1,195 957 1,677 1,020 969 990 1,026 1,242 1,113 26 to 29 years. 822 1,241 1,224 1,132 991 1,318 1,179 1,134 1,306 1,375- 1,184 1,316 864 1,029 678 1,287 1,113 1,067 1,129 1,180 956 1,171 1,113 994 1,089 1,142 1,098 1,029 1,232 1,027 1,035 1,039 1,050 1,045 1,035 1,035 1,029 1,002 1,063 1,064 871 1,038 1,227 1,126 1,096 1,566 1,711 912 1,652 2,807 2,913 2,863 760 1,429 886 819 4,503 760 5,032 657 649 780 1,010 1,047 SO to 34 years. 35 to S9 years. 962 582 642 771 1,069 886 1,024 1,053 925 1,050 544 646 614 795 526 820 735 529 1,095 1,011 1,056 1,247 907 1,128 994 1,453 1,071 996 1,330 1,324 1,398 865 815 802 781 796 831 848 837 710 812 1,141 1,173 843 1,966 1,216 1,466 1,743 1,820 1,642 (>) 863 1,145 1,815 718 2,053 443 2,244 463 484 561 728 532 532 866 716 550 463 885 739 748 875 884 794 903 684 641 766 503 632 831 823 860 781 1,421 857 787 694 662 1,116 633 572 564 641 581 530 563 596 683 625 499 671 1,118 1,183 1,327 904 1,458 1,185 919 1,064 1,049 1,123 (') 1,073 1,386 1,891 891 1,326 696 979 407 445 498 625 40 to 44 years, 408 657 597 826 595 693 758 636 652 660 621 666 401 508 658 659 640 476 439 796 737 900 814 ,001 738 ,266 870 742 761 699 ,004 601 496 650 522 422 488 487 653 538 487 ,061 Tna 883 917 749 (■) 1,067 ,262 ,418 975 ,192 ,076 426 320 366 364 421 46 to 49 years. 60 to 64 years. 384 384 501 586 776 765 705 562 618 606 504 453 489 478 440 536 382 325 300 353 364 474 672 489 485 464 499 380 367 367 66 to 69 years. 60 to 64 years. 222 222 263 66 to 69 years, 176 493 620 595 262 333 346 270 273 237 664 625 684 676 740 569 860 639 577 983 919 760 467 363 359 533 348 276 384 416 343 444 445 328 837 976 964 460 888 831 627 631 573 (') 870 837 1,034 860 266 760 223 342 281 266 500 "520 558 493 486 569 599 478 571 592 460 636 626 499 520 405 423 346 610 548 448 375 432 622 746 723 412 664 567 437 433 397 (') 661 629 561 668 331 696 126 478 367 284 402 29S 378 272 453 477 412 511 628 409 432 381 620 772 419 446 337 393 453 348 297 312 ^22 305 546 276 479 581 301 317 454 528 316 271 374 0) 530 579 502 520 199 506 53 277 264 288 229 180 276 190 183 197 356 337 272 387 346 233 320 273 231 368 256 346 211 221 262 280 207 188 213 223 210 422 168 307 663 269 347 235 176 176 239 296 297 190 17 > Per 10,000 not shown where base is less than 100. 313 336 264 187 242 236 170 181 186 157 208 128 149 183 198 116 96 164 106 212 216 228 212 214 128 206 198 226 212 145 245 228 182 304 141 176 247 177 231 331 122 256 186 194 199 186 183 174 177 162 127 306 176 185 164 143 301 158 165 156 66 154 227 146 118 262 570 116 124 93 140 147 143 133 144 128 138 132 126 98 176 169 121 195 212 148 124 151 132 231 74 101 205 131 136 132 124 135 118 104 89 231 108 137 121 79 98 59 100 81 110 (') 187 94 133 218 317 2 70 to 79 years. 129 80 to S9 years. 90 years and over. 129 109 130 149 245 198 114 123 157 114 132 134 152 132 117 167 92 147 126 125 145 "14F 171 135 114 231 197 142 71 145 130 58 73 86 192 125 133 146 134 137 126 113, 129 101 185 103 56 77 120 51 66 (^) 168 57 148 187 263 37 37 29 37 90 38 41 49 34 31 66 113 7 22 o 50 Age un- known. 68 15 (') 63 164 61 85 68 26 155 67 221 40 49 16 42 63 97 109 50 162 111 222 180 109 73 45 93 104 79 84 129 79 166 60 16 288 284 (■) 182 69 128 133 63 209 GENERAL TABLES. 253 Table 46.— PER 10,000 DISTRIBUTION OF THE NEGRO FEMALE POPULATION BY AGE PERIODS: 1900. PROPORTION OF THE NEGRO FEMALE POPULATION IN SPECIFIED AGE PERIOD PER 10,000 OF ALL ages: 1900. STATE OK TBRHITOKY. Under 5 years. 5 to 9 years. 10 to 14 years. 15 to 19 years. 20 to 24 years. 25 to 29 years. 30 to 34 years. Soto 39 (fears. 40 to 44 (fears. 45 to 49 years. 50 to' 54 years. 55 to 59 years, i 60 to 04 ^ears. Goto «9 years. 70 to 79 years. 80 to 89 years. 90 years and over. Age un- known. Total. Under 1 year. lt0 4 years. United States 1,374 277 1,097 1,365 1,222 1,143 1,147 848 690 643 423 856 305 184 170 105 126 43 14 53 Continental United States. . 1,374 277 1,097 1,355 1,222 1,143 1,147 848 590 543 423 855 305 184 170 105 126 43 14 53 North Atlantic division. . 899 200 699 789 754 1,006 1,462 1,261 884 793 688 465 365 229 177 117 132 46 10 53 895 190 705 804 744 919 1,322 1,196 846 807 662 513 418 263 209 132 162 61 9 48 Maine 1,002 507 1,048 928 827 867 90O 185 59 80 210 173 170 202 817 448 968 718 654 697 698 940 • 627 1,183 798 745 831 786 1,017 687 833 723 745 766 756 878 1,134 1,210 863 891 1,031 1,023 1,109 1,851 1,022 1,337 1,229 1,356 1,476 1,017 1,284 833 1,279 1,064 1,133 1,261 462 716 806 883 814 830 891 770 925 691 822 841 766 791 632 657 618 627 725 660 576 639 418 665 509 548 600 444 509 299 323 411 500 382 355 416 179 134 252 323 246 223 262 209 215 192 248 217 171 77 119 108 117 164 154 114 262 209 349 149 175 162 126 77 30 108 48 81 74 43 ""a 21 6 11 31 New Hampshire Vexmont 149 54 Massachusetts. .- Rhode Island 54 69 21 Southern N. Atlantic. - . 53 New York 776 912 979 1,452 179 201 217 298 597 711 762 1,154 661 811 859 1,402 667 786 810 1,261 1,016 1,024 1,027 1,162 1,586 1,437 1,419 1,124 1,336 1,189 1,243 790 921 861 885 558 836 747 780 523 619 562 564 416 475 449 421 344 378 382 327 303 230 . 238 211 180 179 188 158 171 112 123 111 104 128 130 124 127 48 45 39 42 10 12 10 13 33 106 Pennsylvania South Atlantic division . . 43 39 Northern S. Atlantic... 1,260 260 1,000 1,262 1,186 1,131 1,106 818 602 698 491 398 355 214 202 121 149 48 13 47 1,223 1,194 769 1,354 1,303 1,528 251 245 153 277 315 3"l3 972 949 006 1,077 988 1,215 1,191 1,169 802 1,368 1,175 1 458 1,110 1,119 803 1,271 1,117 1,277 1,044 1,105 1,067 1,152 1,159 1,174 1,071 1,096 1,462 1,048 1,290 1,132 844 873 1,186 736 979 779 668 641 793 565 665 540 684 643 792 651 590 493 499 619 622 467 415 384 423 413 519 379 332 322 345 371 427 342 309 283 261 228 233 206 168 167 201 212 193 204 138 159 145 123 123 120 91 97 162 146 141 163 120 118 60 48 51 49 35 40 9 11 17 13 9 13 70 89 District of Columbia . 10 33 West Virginia Southern S. Atlantic... 115 36 North Carolina South Carolina 1,515 1,586 1,511 1,436 914 321 333 298 287 182 1,194 1,253 1,213 1,149 732 1,398 1,610 1,468 1,393 1,006 1,263 1,824 1,268 1,188 1,042 1,206 1,212 . 1, 136 1,122 1,080 1,139 1,106 1,131 1,206 1,154 743 740 807 898 1,033 618 613 669 612 769 476 471 605 664 728 400 373 382 391 555 346 303 318 340 461 310 268 283 256 377 183 165 161 154 256 163 166 163 144 191 104 97 96 86 137 131 115 116 104 153 44 36 40 37 51 14 11 14 14 17 46 14 42 Florida 56 North Central division... 87 Eastern North Central . 893 183 710 962 986 1,032 1,151 1,069 813 704 686 473 385 263 197 140 151 49 15 72 Ohio 917 917 861 852 756 936 187 179 183 187 169 181 730 738 678 665 587 755 987 1,008 911 941 783 1,063 895 975 1,049 1,062 1,036 934 1,110 1,407 1,010 1,032 925 1,003 943 1,100 683 1,030 1,092 1,593 1,295 876 1,199 1,262 1,044 1,082 981 1,029 1,059 1,131 1,108 1,170 1,203 1,065 1,210 1,157 1,014 1,044 1,188 877 1,077 996 780 776 879 798 907 722 736 718 823 760 952 690 682 656 603 631 607 522 486 469 448 635 480 429 393 396 354 450 400 369 290 237 238 325 276 246 213 187 176 246 126 185 161 135 120 197 169 134 164 142- 133 187 196 156 55 43 46 56 80 64 12 16 16 20 27 19 58 73 96 29 53 Western North Central. 103 796 866 943 708 985 707 967 1,405 151 177 182 266 104 124 184 277 645 689 761 442 881 583 783 1,128 777 1,134 1,127 1,239 829 1,005 1,179 1,148 1, 220 1,126 1,174 1,239 986 1,510 1,069 1,139 1,546 1,048 1,009 973 984 1,144 874 838 1,149 761 725 708 363 910 662 669 933 768 692 531 829 917 620 613 640 533 523 531 829 665 503 398 377 483 418 708 881 455 445 344 386 380 366 442 207 334 379 293 184 269 240 "363' 200 273 176 104 180 180 89 155 117 215 166 118 136 129 177 ""7S" 157 101 71 112 167 19 50 64 9 7 20 94 162 102 North Dakota South Dakota 207 121 170 122 62 17 63 43 14 22 15 45 103 South Central division. . . 62 Eastern South Central . 1,385 275 1,110 1,380 1,245 1,163 1,145 836 571 622 407 351 303 181 172 106 129 46 15 55 1,115 1,291 1,427 1,482 1,434 231 267 280 288 281 884 1,024 1,147 1,194 1,163 1,171 1,298 1,405 1,467 1,447 1,166 1,217 1,249 1,282 1,286 1,123 1,172 1,146 1,160 1,139 1,123 1,166 1,147 1,139 1,131 900 869 814 822 842 636 588 559 553 566 628 538 605 495 601 490 417 399 382 386 413 374 361 309 334 363 330 296 279 278 232 201 169 166 166 192 174 170 166 158 133 114 104 96 93 159 134 128 117 111 46 45 46 43 41 16 13 16 16 16 106 69 Alabama Mississippi ... - Western South Central. 60 27 71 1,415 1,423 1,557 1,434 1,453 786 267 286 324 294 289 158 1,148 1,137 1,233 1,140 1,164 628 1,413 1,436 1,522 1,259 1,491 878 1,254 1,290 1,276 1,197 :,321 857 1,095 1,182 1,192 1,196 1,167 871 1,108 1,165 1,079 1,020 1,141 1,083 864 846 831 685 820 1,184 574 559 634 530 663 1,025 610 486 464 664 601 1,006 407 386 375 439 361 696 343 356 327 416 310 490 301 274 237 376 266 370 186 158 146 279 149 222 182 143 126 197 143 162 110 80 72 136 83 110 133 92 86 131 101 111 51 32 36 49 36 34 19 13 19 19 16 18 36 Indian Territory 85 Western division 107 Eocky Mountain 714 150 564 794 787 902 1,157 1,319 1,131 1,049 689 461 354 214 124 87 82 21 5 110 Montana 701 787 777 693 818 914 213 79 65 144 188 172 491 708 712 649 630 742 687 1,024 906 779 903 861 802 866 744 754 1,005 848 622 866 1,197 891 1,124 781 1,113 945 1,748 1,113 1,244 1,232 1,539 1,024 1,521 1,289 1,261 1,361 1,178 1,024 1,003 1,145 1,073 1,033 1,244 1,496 680 1,064 836 1,086 818 551 618 700 596 636 458 472 324 486 368 477 311 472 194 383 266 278 229 79 162 220 221 172 98 168 129 129 102 63 33 79 32 98 102 93 82 16 66 Idaho "'95' 61 66 65 22 17 27 5 26 134 34 Basin and Plateau 66 825 1,239 (') 834 124 321 163 701 918 (') 671 907 917 0) 953 907 826 (') 918 804 688 0) 863 1,340 1,055 (') 1,003 1,464 1,239 (•) 1,048 1,093 826 0) 933 1,216 872 (') 961 474 917 (') 709 392 550 (') 517 289 229 (') 395 82 229 234 62 46 188 62 46 (') 131 21 92 (') 140 21 46 47 21 ■"(Y)" 27 20 183 Utah Pacific 109 757 467 877 130 117 172 627 360 706 «64 631 996 713 841 960 767 678 886 1.135 1,378 949 n\ (1) m 1,265 1,729 965 Si 1,092 1,192 885 1,362 1,168 873 n{ 681 607 722 432 360 546 313 257 420 184 164 248 (') 141 140 201 97 164 134 76 164 160 11 47 63 22 ""36 108 23 116 (■) Hawaii (') i:j 0) l!i '"(<)'" Military and naval 4973_Bull. 8—07 17 1 Per 10,000 not shown where base is less than 100. 254 NEGROES IN THE UNITED STATES. Table 47.— NATIVE NEGEO POPULATION CLASSIFIED AS BORN WITHIN OR BORN WITHOUT STATE OR TERRITORY OF RESIDENCE : 1900. NATIVE NEGEO POPULATION: 1900. STATE OK TERRITORY. Total. Bom within state or territory of residence. Born without state or territory of residence. State or terri- tory of birth unknown. Per cent born — Within state or territory of residence. Without state or territory of residence. State or terri- tory of birth unknown. United States 8,820,296 7,412,343 1,384,379 23,-674 84.0 16.7 0.3 Continental United States , 8,813,668 7,412,217 1,377,959 23,482 84.1 16,6 0.3 North Atlantic division . . ... 376,777 171,220 202,452 2,105 45.6 63.9 0.5 New England 54,731 24, 678 29,906 247 44.9 54.6 0.5 Maine 1,101 633 808 28,499 8,700 14, 990 321,046 748 215 451 11,747 3,870 7,647 146,642 341 415 364 16,588 4,807 7,401 172,646 12 3 3 164 23 42 1,858 67.9 34.0 55.8 41.2 44.6 50.3 45.7 31.0 65.5 43.8 68.2 65.2 49,4 53.7 1.1 0.6 0.4 0.6 0.3 0.8 0.6 Vermont Massachusetts Bhodelsland Southern North Atlantic New York 96,680 69,385 155,981 3,723,622 44, 614 31,663 70,366 3,394,999 50,618 37,026 86,002 322,384 648 696 614 6,139 46.6 46.6 46.1 91.2 52.8 53.4 64.5 8.6 0.6 1.0 0.4 0.2 Pennsylvania South Atlantic division 1,066,002 915,2,60 138, 930 1,822 86.7 13.1 0.2 30,668 234,761 86,528 660,670 43,476 2,667,520 23,274 208,672 36,340 625,544 21,420 2,479,749 7,304 26,689 50,133 34,158 21,646 183,464 90 400 65 868 409 4,317 76.9 88.9 t? 49.3 92.9 23.8 10.9 57.9 5.2 49.8 6.9 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.9 0.2 Maryland . Virginia West Virginia Southern South Atlantic 624,415 782,224 1,034,611 226,270 493, 023 596, 891 767,598 968,246 157,015 270,130 26,368 14,274 74,590 ' 68,232 219,686 1,166 352 1,776 1,023 3,207 96.6 98.1 92.6 69.4 54.8 4.2 1.8 7.2 30.2 44.6 0.2 0.1 Florida 0.4 0.6 North Central division 255,526 120,466 133,512 1,649 47.1 52.3 0.6 Ohio 96,418 57,441 84,468 14,713 2,486 237,497 66,232 26,304 30,022 7,915 992 149,666 39,796 31,829 53,768 6,678 1,441 86,174 390 308 678 120 63 1,668 68.3 44.1 35.5 53.8 39.9 63.0 41.3 55.4 63.7 45.4 68.0 36.3 0.6 Michigan 2.1 4,877 12,664 161,081 279 451 6,216 51,939 4,191,884 1,096 4,611 120,526 69 104 1,422 21,837 3,568,851 3,629 7,912 39,492 209 344 4,774 29,814 611,473 162 131 1,063 1 3 20 288 11,560 22.5 36. 6 74.8 24.7 23.0 22.9 42,0 85.1 74.4 62.5 24.5 • 74.9 76.3 76.8 67.4 14.6 S.1 1.0 North Dakota 0.4 Nebraska Kansas 0.6 0.3 Eastern South Central 2,499,374 2,208,814 285,610 5,050 88.4 11.4 0.2 284,634 480,161 827,112 907,477 1,692,610 260,026 405, 007 763,096 790,687 1,360,037 23,782 73,896 72,405 115, 428 325,963 827 1,249 1,612 1,362 6,610 91.3 84.3 91.0 87.1 80.3 8,4 15.4 8.8 12,7 19,3 0.3 0.3 Mississippi 0.2 Western South Central 0.2 0.4 Arkansas 660,314 366,802 36,833 18,810 619,751 29,452 580, 189 240,265 19, 448 3,221 516,914 7,017 69,210 124,718 17,151 15,505 99,379 21,964 915 1,819 234 84 3,468 471 89.2 65.5 52,8 17.1 83.4, 23.8 10.7 34,0 46.6 82,4 16.0 74.6 0.1 0.5 Oklahoma 0.6 Texas '. ... . 0.5 Western division 0.6 1.6 Rocky Mountain 12,822 2,204 10,369 249 17.2 80,9 1.9 1,603 284 931 8,616 1,588 2,661 222 30 97 1,621 334 415 1,262 252 829 6,805 1,221 2,121 19 2 5 190 33 15 14.8 10.6 10.4 17.9 21.0 16.3 84,0 88.7 89.1 79,9 76.9 83.1 1.2 0.7 Colorado 0.6 New Mexico 2.2 2.1 0.6 Utah 1,764 6.58 129 14,079 264 123 28 4,398 1,498 526 98 9,474 2 10 3 / 207 15.0 18.7 21.7 31.2 84.9 79.8 76.0 67.3 0.1 1.6 Pacific 2.3 1.6 2,406 1,061 10,612 163 178 6,297 307 213 3,878 2 124 2,042 846 6,686 167 64 6,209 67 2 148 4 12.7 20.1 36.5 1.2 69.7 84,9 79.7 62.1 96.3 80.3 98.6 2.4 California 0.2 Alaska 1.4 2.6 88 1.4 GENERAL TABLES. 255 Table 48.— PER 10,000 DISTRIBUTION OF THE NEGRO POPULATION BORN IN EACH STATE AND TERRITORY BY STATE OR TERRITORY OF RESIDENCE: 1900. STATE OR TERRITORY OP BIRTH. STATE OR TERRITOBY OF Rl!»UUEKCE. United States. Conti- nental United States. North Atlantic division. New Eng- land. Maine. New Hamp- shire. Ver- mont. Massa- chusetts. Rhode Island. Connec- ticut. Southern North Atlantic. New York. New Jersey. Pennsyl- vania. United States 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000 Continental United States 9,993 9,993 9,980 9,972 9,986 9,978 9,983 9,964 9,975 9,979 9,980 9,982 9,990 9,974 North Atlantic division 426 426 9,275 9,236 8,707 8,742 7,271 9,167 9,568 9,519 9,281 9,325 9,698 9,067 62 62 1,494 8,393 8,020 8,135 5,629 8,467 8,910 8,428 222 444 156 111 jiaine 1 1 1 32 10 17 364 1 1 1 32 10 17 364 40 16 29 700 245 465 7,781 261 89 161 3,980 1,410 2,502 843 5,654 76 "i,'965' 242 83 687 226 4,831 135 2,629 90 225 607 8 149 3,740 1,318 124 290 1,642 37 29 44 7,787 269 301 700 2 6 ■■■■537' 8,079 286 648 7 2 3 500 296 7,620 1,091 2 1 4 96 30 89 9,069 4 3 12 161 60 214 8,881 1 1 ....... 21 65 9,643 (') ^' 1 1 67 22 Gonnecticiit 20 Southern North Atlantic. . . 8,966 TIew York 108 79 177 4,222 108 79 177 4,222 2,394 1,839 8,548 314 267 525 141 177 306 203 302 189 196 884 270 226 112 495 1,393 116 138 580 402 103 195 330 349 144 166 252 734 191 166 246 2,738 2,152 4,169 316 8,160 602 219 233 571 8,298 674 176 224 465 8,277 South Atlantic division 431 Northern South Atlantic. . . 1,197 1,197 234 337. 182 234 191 168 277 184 157 392 36 266 98 749 49 3,026 35 266 98 749 49 3,025 53 82 62 52 18 47 8 55 77 58 5 103 68' 98 38 30 160 23 67 112 135 42' 66 66 8 398 8 66 87 76 7 96 17 65 82 27 61 6 47 57 46 2 87 61 87 69 60 20 38 12 48 63 54 7 49 47 38 30 39 3 19 100 134 District of Columbia 69 63 Wpjit Vireinia 36 Southern South Atlantic. . . 158 39 708 887 1,173 257 568 708 887 1,173 257 566 14 6 14 13 271 20 16 42 25 248 7 7 58 83 486 23 23 67 45 428 232 ""'149' 17 1,968 16 11 43 26 227 4 11 26 21 87 8 30 32 17 111 13 6 9 11 276 13 8 13 16 296 5 2 6 6 69 16 4 8 Flnrlda 11 North Central division 361 Eastern North Central 290 287 217 188 303 269 1,684 168 56 81 222 234 61 292 Ohio 109 65 96 17 3 268 109 65 95 15 3 269 96 10 74 33 5 54 36 15 112 18 7 60 63 38 144 68 183 67 141 26 1,468 42 8 274 42 20 77 21 8 69 17 2 29 6 2 31 20 9 36 11 5 30 106 9 67 35 5 54 61 ir 96 65 11 62 14 3 20 12 2 18 176 11 112 69 33 90 159 8 Western North Central . . . . 69 5 14 183 59 4,753 6 14 183 <'>1 7 59 4,755 10 5 23 1 1 5 9 70 9 6 29 1 1 7 7 98 B 8 136 8 46 23 23 50 42 141- 11 7 24 2 2 19 6 2 14 2 1 2 4 69 10 6 22 1 1 5 10 64 18 5 22 1 1 5 10 70 4 2 6 4 29 7 7 (*' , 1 9 7 122 6' 2 51 1 8 16 203 46 23 247 8 33 116 6 South Central division 80 Eastern South Central 2,834 2,835 32 41 113 135 33 60 14 29 29 31 13 36 323 544 938 1,029 1,919 323 545 938 1,029 1,920 8 10 7 7 38 8 11 10 12 67 15 8 30 60 90 23 23 22 67 112 8 17 8' 83 11 15 13 11 72 2 8 2 2 37 5 7 8 9 30 8 9 6 6 35 7 11 8 6 39 3 5 3 2 16 10 7 9 Western South Central 44 737 416 42 21 703 34 738 416 42 21 703 34 12 7 2 1 16 50 18 10 2 2 25 84 46 15 22 17 41 26 9 2 2 34 118 4 2 2 4 26 27 10 11 1 11 7 2 1 14 44 14 7 2 1 16 68 5 3 2 18 13 9 2 30 205 90 66 25 58 8 45 17 Western division 45 Eocky Mountain 15 16 16 23 64 44 33 36 2 8 15 16 4 16 Montana . . . .« Idaho 2 "l 10 2 3 2 "l 10 2 3 4 1 1 8 2 6 4 "l6 2 13 16 8 22 6 1 2 4 1 1 7 2 4 6 "2 6 2 6 1 ....... 3 4 1 Wyoming Colorado 23' 8 30 22' 25 27 2 22 2 5 1 4 8 2 New Mexico Ba«in and Plateau 22 8 6 Arizona titah 2 1 0) 16 2 1 16 5 1 28 12 1 (■) 48 30 22 8 20 1 1 61 2 1 3 3 1 m 25 3 1 1 37 2 1 11 6 1 23 Nevada Pacific 121 17 23 33 Washington 3 1 12 3 1 12 6 4 19 "l9 8 6 34 2 1 26 30 8 83 17 8 8 46 6 1 30 2' 21 8 4 21 6 3 17 "19 5 6 26 "1 17 3 2 6 1 6 2 16 2 California Alaska 25' 2 19 Hawaii - 16 22 17 9 24 1 Less than 1 in 10,000. 256 NEGROES IN THE UNITED STATES. Table 48.— PER 10,000 DISTRIBUTION OF THE NEGRO POPULATION BORN IN EACH STATE AND TERRITORY BY STATE OR TERRITORY OF RESIDENCE: 1900— Continued. STATE OR TEREITOEY OF BIRTH. STATE OR TERRITOKY OF RESIDENCE. South Atlantic division. Northern South Atlantic. Delaware. Maryland. District of Columbia. Virginia. West Virginia. Southern South Atlantic. JTorth Carolina. South Carolina. Georgia. Florida. United States 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000 Continental United States 9,992 9,988 9,994 9,989 9,949 9,990 9,986 9,994 9,994 9,996 9,992 9,994 North Atlantic division 403 1,080 • 2,615 1,006 1,175 1,047 862 109 275 66 41 77 New England . 61 116 72 81 214, 126 45 23 61 14 9 17 <■' 1 "30 8 12 352 1 1 1 64 22 27 964 1 1 1 37 28 18 926 2 2 1 124 41 44 961 1 1 1 71 20 32 921 (1 23 6 16 817 I. 2 5 86 1 6 14 214 "1 "8 2 3 52 1 1 32 (') 1 (') 10 3 3 60 New Hampshire Vermont "40 11 21 2,643 Massachusetts . . . Southern North Atlantic. . 99 70 183 8,908 233 187 644 8,187 8,029 101 645 1,797 7,278 107 166 662 8,698 335 176 460 8,446 274 182 465 8,062 106 61 660 7,886 41 19 26 9,223 90 53 71 8,996 31 9 12 9,468 18 6 9 9,106 37 12 U 9,658 Pennsylvania South Atlantic division Northern South Atlantic. . 2,524 7,268 8,667 8,406 7,851 7,857 124 436 20 12 16 Delaware 71 562 202 1,590 99 6,384 233 1,831 642 5,012 811 168 7,037 196 14 19 2 10 177 7,817 591 63 19 31 10 287 7,910 162 36 41 13 209 319 7,117 193 211 8 211 92 173 7,373 29 1 8 11 97 7 9,099 1 23 26 362 24 8,560 1 3 7 8 1 9,448 "2 6 4 1 9,094 3 6 6 1 9,643 District of Columbia ' Virginia West Virginia Southern South Atlantic. . North Carolina . 1,506 1,892 2,467 519 109 70 12 55 21 237 2 1 2 5 30 7 3 13 8 92 7 3 19 12 171 97 15 73 26 265 11 2 10 6 1,033' 2,132 2,712 3,519 736 52 35 8,134 95 211 120 96 171 8,704 370 203 28 ■ 8 43 8,789 254 48 6 17 316 9,306 27 Georgia ; Florida North Central division Eastern North Central 75 164 24 63 132 176 927 74 16 29 17 41 9 20 4 1 34 106 12 37 8 1 73 6 2 2 14 1 6 27 4 26 5 1 29 60 9 67 4 2 39 113 14 39 9 1 89 803 27 66 30 2 106 12 9 12 2 17 30 25 16 4 W 22 5 2 13 8 4 15 1 1 19 6 Indiana Illinois G) 10 Western North Central . . . Minnesota 2 5 18 8 658 3 13 40 14 462 1 1 3 3 2 16 6 173 8 2 14 1 3 17 50 16 693 4 17 37 1 1 6 40 159 1 1 8 I!! 1 6 600 1 2 10 K 8 616 428 1 1 10 6 786 Iowa . . . . North Dakota South Dakota <'' 1 7 7 102 1 67 South Central division 227 Eastern South Central 327 272 46 68 48 359 94 351 330 208 514 126 Kentucky 14 70 135 108 231 31 68 77 96 190 1 2 2 40 12 5 10 21 32 105 5 10 16 17 64 41 93 101 124 234 37 13 17 27 65 7 71 160 113 249 11 82 84 163 285 3 34 83 88 220 7 103 285 119 272 4 12 Mississippi 83 Western South Central 27 101 Louisiana 64 92 5 4 76 14 76 41 5 , 4 65 22 6 2 K 14 65 17 2' 2 29 20 21 9 1 1 22 55 89 52 7 5 81 23 17 19 9 2 18 46 45 U5 4 4 81 10 54 139 4 6 82 12 34 125 4 3 64 6 60 105 6 4 108 11 41 Indian Territory Olrlp^O'Tiflr 16 3 2 Western division 39 5 Rocky Mountain 5 9 4 7 19 9 20 3 2 1 4 2 Montana Idaho I'i. 1 1 1 " 1 5 2 3 2' (1) 2 1 2 K 1 4 6 1 1 8 4 18 1 m 1 5 2 3 10 6 3 (1 (1 2 1 1 1 1 K 1 •8. 1 1 P) Wyoming (■) New Mexico 2 Basin and Plateau (■) Utah 8 1 10 1 3 1 9 10 S 2 1 {') 11 2 1 6 9 1 1 6 m Nevada (V) 9 23 23 4 3 Oregon 1 6 3 1 6 12 2 1 6 2 1 6 ^''11 4 2 17 1 4 1 6 10 8 1 14 0) 1 "5 6 1 1 "'5 1 " 2 Alaska Hawaii ''' 6 (}) 50 14 8' 6 1 Less than 1 in 10,000. GENERAL TABLES. 257 Table 48 — PER 10,000 DISTRIBUTION OF THE NEGRO POPULATION BORN IN EACH STATE AND TERRITORY BY STATE OR TERRITORY OF RESIDENCE: 1900— Continued. STATE OE TERRITORY OP BIRTH. STATE OR TERRITORY OF RESIDENCE. North Central division. Eastern North Central. Ohio. Indi- ana. Illinois. Michi- gan. Wiscon- sin. Western North Central. Minne- sota. Iowa. Mis- souri. North Dakota. South Dakota. Ne- braska. Kansas. United states . . . 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000 10, 000 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000 Continental United States 9,978 9,972 9,966 9,975 9,980 9,976 9,966 9,985 9,994 9,983 9,986 10, 000 10,000 9,977 9,984 North Atlantic division 119 228 352 76 118 272 268 34 276 134 24 490 264 136 31 New England IS 21 23 9 20 48 60 6 54 22 4 158 19 g Maine 3. 2 2 106 1) (') 15 3 3 207 10 1 1 28 2 New Hampshire S 4 329 ....... 1 2 67 4 2 98 1 1 0) 20 5 Vermont "^ ^ Massachusetts 44 1 2 224 30 5 15 198 48 6 222 18 1 1 112 106 9 Ehode Island Connecticut 63 106 5 11? 2 Southern North Atlantic . 490 25 New York 30 10 66 70 ■ 64 17 136 126 67 21 241 211 20 6 41 44 38 17 43 54 122 21 81 88 89 26 84 105 11 6 12 25 90 64 78 156 41 7 64 73 8 4 8 19 210 210 70 350 42 9 66 60 12 63 53 471 4 Pennsylvania .... 9 South Atlantic division 21 Northern South Atlantic . 51 99 174 24 . 35 62 60 13 72 55 9 350 105 28 9 Delaware 1 6 13 8 23 19 2 10 22 14 61 27 1 14 29 24 106 37 1 3 10 6 5 20 2 7 17 6 3 19 3 7 29 10 13 26 10 5 30 16 "3 5 3 2 12 is' 18 12 24 84 1 3 29 15 7 18 ^■>2 4 2 1 10 70 210 70 53 62 ig' 9 1 District of Columbia 5 1 West Virfirinia 2 45 366 32 12 North Carolina 3 2 7 7 9,063 6 2 11 9 9,072 8 4 14 11 8,975 3 ''\o 7 9,224 1 1 8 9 9,070 6 2 14 4 9,272 15 10 6 16 8,884 2 1 4 5 9,069 12 12 36 24 8,278 7 4 6 1 9,161 1 1 4 4 9,147 157 105 52 52 7,958 9 5 9 9 8,833 <"> , 3 Florida 8 Korth Central division 6,432 8,659 Eastern North Central 4,114 8,640 8,763 8,956 8,125 9,003 7,205 646 907 1,027 683 839 942 691 220 Ohio 1,675 830 1,277 288 44 4,949 3,770 1,851 2,285 645 89 432 7,996 264 325 163 15 212 337 7,787 603 212 17 268 69 243 7,730 46 37 945 613 456 649 7,210 76 269 158 94 1,822 232 4,899 1,679 23 25 482 7 9 8,513 144 66 451 78 168 7,371 67 61 847 16 47 8,124 20 24 527 6 6 8,664 ■ 280 105 167 628 52 33 76 450 19 14 8,242 28 20 Illinois 489 167 Michifi-an 6 70 5,593 4 Western North Central . . . 7,016 8,439 73 247 3,619 4 7 119 880 546 48 59 217 2 3 27 76 439 31 21 88 2 2 14 54 333 28 39 100 2 1 25 73 557 51 143 582 2 4 51 112 599 56 25 80 3 2 17 86 215 820 227 360 16 25 99 133 408 92 396 6,302 6 11 191 1,615 629 6,579 160 283 72 84 132 66 870 272 6,733 466 3 26 441 184 289 28 184 7,763 1 3 93 492 596 568 210 628 262 105 5,445 314 52 261 80 412 576 5 61 6,663 445 450 20 67 140 4,825 855 North Dakota 2 6 183 70 910 7,317 South Central division 80" Eastern South Central — 208 275 208 417 343 83 136 164 456 102 172 70 108 64 87 56 15 50 338 153 65 19 38 164 110 46 19 33 125 322 54 16 25 140 133 122 24 64 266 26 23 11 23 132 34 43 15 44 272 35 49 11 59 475 66 132 48 210 414 25 26 12 39 187 39 54 12 67 424 42 33 14 19 342 14 24 9 70 840 17 Western South Central. . . . 261 826 43 77 41 76 101 180 34 54 13 16 47 107 34 32 8 10 41 95 23 40 22 17 38 74 40 112 16 24 65 139 36 33 3 15 46 129 49 74 20 20 109 311 50 95 63 124 143 238 156 144 6' 108 414 26 64 31 26 41 336 58 108 39 55 164 200 140 280 70 70 280 1,818 33 66 14 159 70 498 11 52 62 52 106 1,046 35 Indian Territory 206 507 Tex&i Western division 383 Kooky Mountain 110 54 61 38 69 50 178 156 246 195 126 1,538 837 310 280 13 2 10 78 7 10 7 2 7 33 5 8 7 1 10 28 5 8 4 2 1 28 3 7 10 2 8 44 5 7 5 3 3 35 4 12 49 10 10 89 20 5 18 3 13 113 9 12 138 18 12 60 18 12 25 3 34 124 9 29 13 3 11 91 8 9 1,538 628 52 52 105 19 9 80 183 19 80 23 3 14 Idaho 224 16 Colorado 104 24 Basin and Plateau 6 3 1 60 5 2 1 45 5 2 1 36 5 2 29 3 3 1 63 5 5 2 67 5 7 4 1 70 12 156 22 6 1 112 5 3 1 65 52 62 66 14 14 Arizona Utah. 9 1 79 Nevada Pacific 128 280 105 108 Washington 16 7 37 1 1 20 16 6 23 11 7 18 2 <''32 17 2 10 26' 22 9 32 11 4 62 24' 64 10 54 34' 15 7 48 14 72 48 36 34 18 60 14 5 46 14 280 33 14 61 13 105 53 " 4 12 Alaska Hawaii 6 1 16 23 1 1 Less than 1 in 10,000. 258 NEGROES IN THE UNITED STATES. Table 48 PER 10,000 DISTRIBUTION OF THE NEGRO POPULATION BORN IN EACH STATE AND TERRITORY BY STATE OR TERRITORY OF RESIDENCE: 1900— Continued. STATE OE TEEKITOEY OF BIETH. STATE OR TEBEITOBY OF KESIDENCE. South Central division. Eastern South Central. Ken- tucky. Tennessee. Alabama. Mississippi. Western South Central. Louisi- ana..' Arkan- sas. Indian Territory. Okla- homa. Texas. United States 10,000 10, 000 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000 Continental United States 9,995 9,994 9,975 9,993 9,997 9,999 9,998 9,999 9,998 9,996 9,997 9,997 North Atlantic division 14 18 60 29 11 6 •7 10 9 11 47 6 New England 1 2 6 3 1 1 1 3 1 1 10 1 Maine 1 1 1 13 iii 2 16 1 1 44 " 1 26 ■10 Si? I 6 (1) \\ i< "2 7 1 5 1 1 3 ' 1 \\ 7 37 > Southern North Atlantic . . 10 6 New York 5 2 6 76 6 2 8 109 20 6 19 48 8 2 16 77 4 1 6 241 2 1 2 22 3 1 2 13 4' 1 2 16 2 3 3 13 7 1 2 7 34 3 2 New Jersey \ 2 10 South Atlantic division 28 Northern South Atlantic. . . 11 14 34 29 8 5 4 5 3 4 14 4 ''' 1 3 6 2 64 " 1 3 7 3 95 (') 2 6 13 13 14 " 2 5 18 4 48 "l 3 3 1 233 <-' 1 2 2 17 2 1 C) 9 <''l 2 1 1 10 2 1 1 1 10 1 1 1 1 3 District of Columbia 3 11 s Southern South Atlantic. . . 14 North Carolina . . . 3 2 33 26 289 4 2 50 39 407 2 1 6 5 1,736 8 2 29 9 591 3 4 122 104 82 2 1 8 6 110 1 1 4 3 79 5 58 1 1 6 2 156 1 3 1 1 2 2 56 2 8 3 398 Florida North Central division 263 Eastern North Central 176 261 1,295 322 41 45 24 24 43 36 34 U Ohio 44 58 70 3 1 U3 66 90 100 4 1 146 404 561 306 19 5 441 46 68 201 6 2 269 7 5 27 1 1 41 6 3 35 1 (») . 65 4 2 17 1 55 4 2 17 1 m 34 4 3 34 1 1 113 18 3 13 1 1 227 2 Indiana 17 17 1 8 45 Illinois Michigan Wisconsin Western North Central . . . . 364 3 4 61 !■!. 42 9,698 4 6 79 63 9,440 14 20 227 1 1 15 163 8,088 6 9 148 101 9,261 2 3 19 (■1. 16 9,662 2 3 40 19 9,866 1 1 30 ■ % 21 9,884 1 1 19 11 9,910 2 3 79 27 9,807 1 4 67 3 6 98 K 235 9,472 1 1 17 North Dakota South Dakota I 3 152 9,674 " 1 26 9,899 South Central division Eastern South Central 6,744 8,861 7,818 8,539 9,158 9,127 182 258 310 32 64 35 671 1,094 1,879 2,100 8,854 1,044 1,687 2,923 3,197 689 7,523 195 20 80 270 248 7,966 108 217 722 10 124 8,622 402 494 8 227 96 8,796 729 4 32 9 137 9,702 4 12 11 231 9,652 5 124 11 170 9,497 2 8 7 15 9,642 3 36 8 17 9,408 2 Mississippi Western South Central .... 9,864 Louisiana .... 1,527 792 81 35 1,419 19 141 251 17 23 157 20 62 70 15 29 94 53 42 436 21 51 173 36 110 140 20 10 214 11 268 324 12 17 118 6 4,010 1,760 196 66 3,680 15 9,176 213 9 9 245 6 98 8,988 122 49 245 13 20 141 9,077 113 291 41 17 39 261 9,027 64 52 Arkansas TTifliB.Ti TpnitrOry 95 74 99 63 Western division 9,643 26 Eocky Mountain 10 11 29 20 6 2 6 2 7 20 29 10 Montana Idaho 1 <■> 1 7 1 1 1 1 8 1 1 3 1 2 20 3 7 2 " 1 16 2 2 1 1 (1 1 1 2 (') (') 1 1 ii 2 (') ii! 6 1 1 3 1 2 12 2 10 3 1 (') P New Mexico 20 6 6 6 3 2 Arizona Utah 8 8 5 2 17 1 1 13 4 1 3 8 m 0) 4 5 7 8 2 Nevada 6 (') (') Pacific 11 17 14 Washington Oregon 1 1 6 2 1 6 4 1 12 1 24 3 1 9 7 1 3 1 0) 2 1 2 1 **■ 1 6 1 ^'>13 Alaska io' U Hawaii m Military and naval 3 1 2' ^i ' 1 Less til an 1 in 10 000. GENERAL TABLES. 259 Table 48. -PER 10,000 DISTRIBUTION OF THE NEGRO POPULATION BORN IN EACH STATE AND TERRITORY BY STATE OR TERRITORY OF RESIDENCE: 1900— Continued. STATE OK TEEEITORY OF BIHTH. RESIDENCE. Western iivision. Kocky Mountain. Mon- tana. Idaho. Wyo- ming. Colo- rado. New Easinand Mexico. Plateau. Ari- zona. Utah. Ne- vada. Pacific. Washing- o,,g„„ Cali- fornia, United States 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000 (') 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000 Continental United States. .. 9,970 9,985 10,000 10,000 9,944 9,982 10,000 9,926 9,939 9,883 (') 9,966 9,925 10, 000 9,972 North Atlantic division . . . 579 265 640 192 170 250 147 207 60 354 0) 803 3,610 334 265 NewEneland 101 68 87 96 70 65 60 157 124 511 91 48 8 2 1 64 17 9 478 14 3 2 78 17 10 679 74 11 ....... 2 New Hampshire 2 44 18 6 197 29 58 96 51 14 6 180 33 16 16 82 30 15 16 147 60 79 39 39 197 P) 330 64 32 3,099 SO 30 243 30 7 7 Southern North Atlantic 563 96 170 217 New York 182 55 241 272 74 32 91 162 146 87 320 232 57 78 28 74 125 33 33 16 147 44 44 69 207 so" 30 214 79 39 79 235 0) 0) 260 70 349 344 1,108 298 1,693 1,448 91 61 91 181 100 24 96 385 113 397 93 South Atlantic division . . . 129 Northern South Atlantic 217 117 203 289 283 97 65 163 153 235 281 1,278 90 91 21 93 30 60 - 23 55 3 29 41 32 12 45 5 28 37 18 9 28 34 128 22 66 31 63 192 607 11 287 181 170 36" 30 30 91 4 Maryland 29 68 87 29 29 193 96 ■■■'226' 57 16 104 44 61 92 196 39 District of Columbia . . 21 33 16 82 24 15 44 61 39 P) Southern South Atlantic 96 114 38 North Carolina South Carolina 5 8 23 19 775 6 6 18 15 1,399 96 16 33 5 6 29 24 426 11 21 64 74 618 9i" 486 4 44 61 0) 2 57 57 1,469 23 5 1,382 17 29 1,308 4,327 33 994 233 15 North Central division — 684 372 398 1,019 (1) 882 Eastern ^orth Central . . 292 370 494 673 339 377 122 588 (>) 238 447 182 200 Ohio 51 25 182 22 12 483 59 36 226 29 21 1,029 29 58 378 192 289 96 57 ""169" 113 1,130 69 18 236 32 23 1,005 17 50 149 17 30 16 297 15 15 312 30 ■■■""92" 39 39 471 39 ••■(lY"" 0) 49 20 143 19 7 188 96 61 89 26 Illinois 246 74 32 171 121 303 124 Miphiff'an 9 29 814 96 3,654 2 Western North Central . . 761 276 431 182 32 28 193 5 9 40 176 476 59 32 356 15 26 85 456 745 320 58 262 29 58 82 37 410 18 28 88 892 761 33 17 281 15 69 104 """"122" 31 39 19 22 109 32 43 32 30 """"243" 15 20 Missouri 339 196 (') 115 17 66 347 943 339 462 282 104 30 372 92 31 307 167 39 431 (■)- 7 31 335 21 43 361 36" 576 4 87 407 3,654 1,154 28 South Central division 313 Eastern South Central. . . 157 191 203 481 113 221 50 45 31 39 (>) 151 127 303 145 31 61 34 31 319 47 71 32 41 554 87 58 58 192 51 92 23 65 640 15 15 15 si" 39 24 61 37 29 184 11 74 21 21 234 9i" 212 273 28 33 17 66 289 ""lis' 169 (') 28 33 Western South Central . . 204 673 893 327 276 392 0) 168 51 54 24 29 161 7,868 50 112 44 74 274 7,414 29' 29 96 192 67' 66 66 7,626 60 120 32 51 277 7,464 50 149 99 215 380 7,769 89 30 30 31 167 39 39 48 24 12 7 93 8,058 85 32 61 30 91 9i 8,424 39 22 9 7 Arkansas Indian Territory 11 106 3,888 146 7,413 386 3,942 178 8,456 245 8,960 157 7,844 (') 91 Western division 8,883 Kocky Mountain 2,503 6,943 6,832 2,981 6,949 7,225 6,678 845 214 1,843 (1) 123 267 242 87 Montana 271 70 148 1,630 384 570 718 112 388 4,672 1,053 212 6,464 87 29 204 58 174 96 2,885 339 226 5,480 904 42 5 65 7,012 101 60 99 148 282 148 208 69 6,350 122 31 ei 8,134 118 745 363 , 549 78 6,138 27 20 8 34 34 114 86 86 11 43 43 22 30 30 61 121 30 15 7 Idaho 331 727 5,621 826 9 30 26 Basin and Plateau 96 112 139 374 158 38 4,795 144 65 3 259 58 116 23 37 694 132 4,080 1,856 416 1,261 8,073 61 314 4,824 ...... p) 82 17 15 7,821 11 30 100 Utah 96 56 665 11 3,599 8,152 17 Nevada Pacific 407 865 179 265 612 863 8,657 428 .313 4,054 8 7 20 69 56 144 15 233 29 145 96 577 192 113 113 339 66 32 41 106 18 33 17 215 119 44 1,098 30 44 """"612 61 118 78 667 78 39 iii 677 491 6,653 2 12 20 3,269 181 149 11 ^ 1,091 6,455 606 119 128 8,410 Alaska ; is Hawaii — i - 13 1 Per 10,0( not sh own wh ere base i s less than 100. 260 NEGROES IN THE UNITED STATES. Table 48.— PER 10,000 DISTRIBUTION OF THE NEGRO POPULATION BORN IN EACH STATE AND TERRITORY BY STATE OR TERRITORY OF RESIDENCE: 1900— Continued. !?»J'?n nnn?!!?l®*^'^^' ?*^*®f'' territory of birth not specified. ' Per 10,000 not shown where base is less than 100. ' Lees thau 1 iu 10,000. GENERAL TABLES. 261 Table 49 — PER 10,000 DISTRIBUTION OF THE NATIVE NEGRO POPULATION OP EACH STATE AND TERRITORY BY STATE OR TERRITORY OP BIRTH: 1900. ( STATE OR TEEEITOEY OF KESIDENCE. STATE OR TEBRITORY OF BIRTH. XTnited States. Conti- nental United States. North Atlantic division. New Eng- land. Maine. New Hamp- shire. Ver- mont. Massa- chusetts. Ehode Island. Connect- icut. Southern North Atlantic. New York. New Jersey. Pennsyl- vania. United States 10,000 10,000 10,000 IT), 000 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000 10, 000 10,000 Continental United States 9,996 9,996 239 9,975 9,965 9,882 9,952 9,963 9,963 9,976 9,991 9,977 9,949 9,991 9,990 North Atlantic division 239 5,198 5,748 7,748 5,007 7,463 5,173 5,931 6,626 5,106 5,270 6,684 4,790 38 38 805 5,023 7,476 4,612 6,622 4,574 5,811 6,466 87 180 67 37 Maine 2 1 1 17 6 11 201 2 1 1 17 6 11 201 31 10 23 368 122 251 4,393 194 66 124 2,334 780 1,625 725 6,794 91 9 509 9 64 272 158 3,396 284 696 47 82 396 74' 6,682 829 37" 941 91 41 56 4,122 90 174 699 87 5 17 467 4,448 337 620 7 7 28 308 91 6,035 1,060 3 1 6 33 10 84 5,018 4 1 18 68 18 76 6,090 4 1 2 23 10 27 6,517 New Hampshire <'' , Massachusetts . Rhode Island 6 10 4,753 Southern North Atlantic. . . New York 62 43 96 4,682 62 43 96 4,681 1,357 985 2,051 4,439 444 108 173 3,911 209 36 27 1,644 237 63 95 4,376 792 ""Hi' 2,098 310 89 200 4,396 314 92 214 3,842 782 166 113 8,275 1,512 1,134 2,872 4,581 4,663 228 199 4,287 396 4,563 668 4,164 77 165 4,511 4,842 New Jersey South Atlantic division Northern South Atlantic. . . 1,423 1,422 3,602 2,648 999 2,269 1,448 2,796 3,113 2,299 3,766 8,048 3,386 4,-372 Delaware 38 .S03 52 997 38 3,259 38 303 62 996 33 3,269 230 714 144 2,447 67 837 43 390 180 2,011 24 1,263 12 211 62 1,161 12 646 46 346 200 2,180 24 1,600 40 851 217 1,987 18 729 46 286 135 1,853 31 976 262 770 188 2,622 74 766 86 299 161 2,621 32 1,239 307 689 117 2,301 22 778 381 1,116 132 2,620 123 470 Maryland 200 82 708 9 645 268 174 1,801 16 2,117 District of Columbia Virginia West Virginia Southern South Atlantic. . . North Carolina 832 1,000 1,236 191 398 832 1,000 1,236 191 398 634 154 115 34 112 SCO 280 182 51 84 336 182 73 64 27 979 727 287 174 158 228 211 186 26 98 1,017 260 265 68 111 892 186 98 64 66 684 182 79 81 45 489 141 104 81 116 688 285 201 66 111 663 116 71 28 49 South Carolina 65 North Central division 161 Eastern North Central 176 176 94 62 18 95 61 83 49 34 100 87 37 136 80 37 2 222 80 37 44 13 2 222 ' ^ 66 7 12 8 1 18 32 6 14 9 2 22 32 37 12 12 40 7 17 17 2 28 28 2 17 1 1 16 20 5 6 1 2 11 72 7 12 8 1 16 49 7 15 14 2 24 21 3 9 3 1 12 109 9 is" 9 47 16 11 6 Wisconsin 1 Western North Central . . . . 63 87 15 2 8 176 '■!. 34 4,640 2 8 176 2 34 4,641 1 3 10 K 3 166 2 8 12 3 4 16 1 1 14 1 2 10 2 158 2 8 14 {») i' 4 206 1 1 8 K 87 1 Iowa 9 1 4 3 Missouri 47 25 8 n 1 1 3 159 I 4 198 92 1 1 4 110 V) 16 12' 260 1 2 South Central division 281 382 153 Eastern South Central 2,978 2,979 125 115 190 316 198 142 68 77 126 168 62 133 Kentucky 392 577 990 1,019 1,662 391 577 991 1,020 1,662 46 40 27 12 31 40 29 32 14 44 64 45 36 45 91 110 79 96 82 16 37 124 37 62 48 36 40 18 61 21 12 22 8 29 31 18 21 7 33 47 41 26 11 28 72 41 34 16 42 26 16 15 7 25 12 64 Alabama 27 Mississippi 10 Western South Central 20 717 303 24 4 614 10 717 303 614 10 16 6 1 1 7 14 29 5 {') 1 9 18 73 50 34 8 9 22 18 i' 16' 20 22 2 14 6 1 "7 14 24 6 2 1 9 19 9 10 7 10 4 (') 2 7 7 Texas 18 73 16 32 12 12 6 Western division 15 4 4 2 4 5- 7 2 2 3 1 2 1 (1) 1 0) 0) ^] ^] 2 1 0) 1 m 1 P) "2 (') i' C) ^'> , 3 1 1 4 1 1 4 1 1 i 1 1 1 0) Sasin and Plateau P) (1) 0) 6 ill 6 12 (1) 12 16 6 e Utah 1 i i 1 13 Nevada Paeiiic 13 73 32 12 16 12 4 Washington 1 "5 27 1) 1) i 1 27 4 9 66 23 9 45 64 9' 109 16 16 12' 37 11 58 7 1 4 26 2 9 58 11 67 4 «2 100 10 " 3 2 28 State not specified 2 Alaska 47 39 Hawaii Philippine Islands i' 34 i" 46 2' 22 ......... 9 ^''2 21 1 20 47 0) 1 8 i Born at sea and abroad Bom at sea under United 118 48 37 9 4 4 1 22 2 32 118 16 82 37 2 44 1 21 j 1 1 46 0) 8 {') 9 American citizens born 9 1 Less than 1 in 10,000. 2 Born in United States, state or territory of birth not specified. 262 NEGROES IN THE UNITED STATES. Table 49.— PER 10,000 DISTRIBUTION OF THE NATIVE NEGRO POPULATION OF EACH STATE AND TERRITORY BY STATE OR TERRITORY OF BIRTH: 1900— Continued. STATE OE TERRITORY OF BIETH. United States Continental United States . North Atlantic division.. New England Maine New HampsMre . Vermont Massachusetts Ehode Island Connecticut Southern North Atlantic. New York New Jersey Pennsylvania South Atlantic division Northern South Atlantic. Delaware . Maryland District of Columbia . Virginia West Virginia Southern South Atlantic. North Carolina South Carolina Georgia Florida STATE OE TEEEITOEY OF EESIDENOE. South Atlantic division. North Central division . . . Eastern North Central . Ohio Indiana... Illinois Michigan . Wisconsin. Western North Central. Minnesota , Iowa Missouri North Dakota South Dakota Nebraska Kansas South Central division. . . Eastern South Central . Kentucky Tennessee Alabama Mississippi Western South Central Louisiana Arkansas Indian Territory Oklahoma Texas Western division Rocky Mountain. . . Montana Idaho Wyoming Colorado New Mexico Basin and Plateau . Arizona . Utah.... Nevada . Pacific . Washington. Oregon California. . . State not specified 2 . Alaska Hawaii Philippine Islands Porto Rico Born at sea and abroad. Bom at sea under United States flag American citizens bom abroad 10,000 10, 000 17 (') 9,879 66 624 104 ,903 62 (') (') 0) (') m Northern South Atlantic. 1 Less than 1 in 10,000. 10,000 10 6 32 9,871 228 2,191 6,535 216 336 Delaware. 10, 000 15 (') 0) 0) S P) ('<> 21 58 276 9,676 9,522 7,589 1,637 15 374 7 63 0) Maryland. 10,000 8 9,782 8,889 56 783 26 96 District of Columbia. 31 2 1 1 15 5 7 121 Virginia. 10,000 17 P) 9,297 C) P) P) 8 P) 5 1,822 4,200 3,239 31 358 222 71 56 P) 101 P) P) P) P) « P) 28 9,515 1 25 11 9; 470 West Virginia, 10, 000 86 P) 9,441 403 10 7 1 27 ^l P) P) P) R 1 118 38 3,897 4,927 407 28 22 1 185 172 106 45 13 Southern South Atlantic. 10,000 10, 000 P) North Carolina. 10,000 P) P) P) P) IS P) P) P) P) P) P) P) P) 94 P) P) P) 75 P) 3 1 70 1 9,806 2,356 3,124 3,717 610 fli South Carolina. P) 8 Georgia. P) P) 3 1 136 1 9,817 9,559 242 14 2 1^ 1 P) 1 P) 17 P) 9,966 9,813 60 4 P) P) P) P) P) P) P) P) P) [51 ■ 16 P) P) P) 18 P) P) P) pV P) P) P) 19 P) P) P) P) P) 1 9,847 68 P) 4 1 63 P) 9,779 Florida. 10,000 IS 150 316 9,262 61 2 1 10 fi| P) P) P) P) P) P) P) P) P) 131 126 2 14 103 7 P) P) fi 0) (>) 17 P) P) 2 Bom in United States, state or territory of birth not specified. GENERAL TABLES. 263 Table 49 — PER 10,000 DISTRIBUTION OF THE NATIVE NEGRO POPULATION OF EACH STATE AND TERRITORY BY STATE OR TERRITORY OF BIRTH: 1900— Continued. STATE OR TEKEITOBY OF RESIDENCE. STATE OB TERRITORY OF BIRTH. North Central division. Eastern North Central, Ohio. In- diana. Illi- nois. Michi- gan. Wis- consin. Western North Central. Minne- sota. Iowa. Mis- souri. North Dakota. South Dakota. Ne- braska. Kansas. United States 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000* 10,000 10,000 10, 000 10,000 10, 000 10, 000 10,000 10, 000 10,000 Continental United States .... 9,960 9,928 9,961 9,987 9,968 9,236 9,940 9,994 9,928 9,984 9,998 9,821 9,911 9,964 9,996 NortbL Atlantic division 115 178 208 37 186 464 463 47 420 92 30 431 376 171 37 New Eneland 16 24 13 9 44 40 92 8 63 17 6 108 44 37 4 Maine 1 7 1 2 99 2 0) 8 10 1 3 154 1 7 1 2 195 1 i' 6 «2 28 2 1 21 14 2 4 141 6 3' 22 2 7 424 1 '">1 4 1 1 39 2 4 12 33 2 10 357 1 1 4 8 1 2 75 1 2 1 1 24 36 2 3 2 22 6 3 134 fil New Hampslure 16 4 48 4 20 371 w ^' 1 Massacliusetts 22 2 Bhode Island " 1 Connecticut 72 323 22 332 Southern North Atlantic 33 New York 33 5 61 910 50 7 97 1,205 34 6 155 1,748 10 2 16 679 62 9 70 973 202 30 192 1,026 246 24 101 1,122 14 3 22 690 203 29 125 1,317 20 6 49 1,533 8 1 15 457 261 111 44 177 1,331 47 13 74 965 New Jersey 3 72 2,294 19 • South Atlantic division 651 Northern South Atlantic. . 605 808 1,379 252 554 712 643 386 835 1,252 311 1,828 621 563 336 Delaware 2 50 16 476 61 305 3 66 24 610 105 397 2 76 24 1,035 242 369 1 17 7 214 13 427 1 82 37 411 23 419 31 94 14 614 59 314 8 60 36 519 20 479 1 32 8 332 13 204 8 158 78 568 23 482 2 36 6 1,169 39. 281 1 26 4 273 7 146 1 143 143 1,470 72 466 266 88 53 383 29 412 29 District of Columbia . 7 311 44 710 277 22 Southern South Atlantic. . 815 North Carolina 143 48 104 10 6,448 212 52 121 12 5,649 227 45 88 9 6,095 316 32 73 6 5,069 127 77 198 17 6,303 209 37 56 12 6,876 133 40 278 28 6,258 68 43 86 7 7,310 127 82 234 39 6,232 106 61 115 9 6,849 44 30 66 6 7,879 179 72 215 111 89 488 22 6,477 146 82 153 32 6,705 119 76 115 Morida 6 North Central division 6,233 5,945 Eaatern North Central .... 2,846 5,229 6,047 4,982 4,184 6,778 5,546 281 1,517 715 208 1,218 887 674 226 Ohio 1,280 608 714 206 37 3,603 2,411 1,139 1,235 387 57 420 5,832 114 28 70 3 48 323 4,405 164 87 3 87 270 232 3,554 84 44 1,119 777 468 121 5,380 32 98 414 226 583 334 3,990 712 63 37 155 12 14 7,029 453 189 408 127 340 3,716 119 100 439 21 36 6,134 38 20 140 5 5 7,671 638 215 251 107 107 4,016 377 44 311 44 111 4,690 161 129 322 30 32 6,031 73 46 84 Michigan 18 6 Western North Central 6,719 28 127 2,881 2 3 38 524 2,406 6 28 354 5 26 2,823 3 5 32 7 1,865 2 6 64 i' 3 11 4,143 9 69 969 1 1 11 69 3,405 9 7 67 i' 3' 11 772 113 129 402 4 62 234 5,599 3 6 74 1,061 1,956 2,247 381 906 17 8 36 121 2,682 20 3,644 2,267 9" 69 136 1,385 3 20 7,482 K 168 1,564 430 72 717 2,473 72 36 216 1,648 310 377 964 35 486 2,334 2 24 Missouri 1 471 (' 2,306 288 356 2,461 16 2,288 878 2,017 > 12 52 1,836 18 4,204 South Central division 3,273 Eastern South Central — 2,171 2,691 1,812 4,096 3,116 704 1,626 1,611 2,231 1,242 1,281 1,397 1,929 1,617 2,667 1,217 609 146 199 235 1,751 641 142 157 132 1,449 241 67 55 53 3,374 -602 74 46 47 1,253 1,211 283 369 289 439 160 62 43 68 676 4S9 294 157 210 642 .575 150 244 346 1,009 601 322 299 351 642 343 176 181 143 488 466 103 224 273 681 394 179 143 251 699 654 664 222 532 854 391 166 206 400 1,086 988 270 MiasisslDni 323 Western South Central 606 75 83 12 3 62 16 60 44 3 ''^25 12 27 10 4 12' 5 19 14 1 1 12 5 127 107 3 1 51 22 40 10 2 81 69 4 91 126 21 6 101 21 179 88 4 2 78 65 62 64 7 2 28 22 76 181 9 2 56 12 72 72 133 111 170 93 11 13 113 64 133 137 Indian Territory 16 Oklahoma ■ 16 16 56 48 107 179 288 199 257 Western division 34 Rockv Mountain 10 5 2 3 9 7 28 15 41 9 8 179 199 47 30 Montana 1 1 1 6 1 1 1 1 i' 1 2 1 2 i' 6 1 1 4 4 1 2 1 9 2 1 23 2 1 36 44 1 7 Idaho 1 . 10 31 6 11 2 Wyoming Colorado 20 14 4 2 6 1 3 143 133 22 16 4 New Mexico 4 P) Basin and Platean Arizona 0) 5 <''l 6 f;i ■■■(V)'" 1 11 i' "1 5 2 3 ii! 4 6 6 'p! Nevada 3 2 8 4 16 22 10 6 4 1 66 ■"ir 40 2 <'>4 61 ......... 72 1 ^\ 40 39 ■ -■■■■- 54 i' 12 3 1 7 80 T 32 5 12 1 70 .......... 6 6 2 14 312 3 7' 103 2 3 66 S 1 Washington m 3 82 i' 763 4 213 4' i2' 44 36 67 22' 3 32 3 56 Alaska Hawaii Philippine Islands (1) 2 2 44 (^) Porto feico 72 14 179 67 Bom at sea and abroad Born at sea under United 4 40 0) 72 39 12 32 (1) 6 2 2 42 (') States ilag.-: ------ American citizens Dorn 763 44 72 14 179 67 4 1 Less than 1 in 10,000. - Bom in United States, state or territory not specified. 264 NEGROES IN THE UNITED STATES. Table 49.— PER 10,000 DISTRIBUTION OF THE NATIVE NEGRO POPULATION OF EACH STATE AND TERRITORY BY STATE OR TERRITORY OF BIRTH: 1900— Continued. STATE OR TEREITOEY OF BIKTH. United States Continental United States . North Atlantic division. . New England. Maine New Hampshire . "Vermont Massachusetts . . . Rhode Island Connecticut Southern North Atlantic New York New Jersey ... Pennsylvania . South Atlantic division Northern South Atlantic . Delaware . Maryland District of Columbia . Virginia West Virginia Southern South Atlantic , North Carolina SouthCarolina Georgia Florida North Central division . . Eastern North Central. Ohio Indiana Illinois Michigan Wisconsin Western North Central . Minnesota Iowa Missouri North Dakota South Dakota Nebraska South Central division. . . Eastern South Central . Kentucky Tennessee Alabama Mississippi Western South Central . Louisiana Arkansas Indian Territory. Oklahoma Texas Western division .. Rocky Mountain. Montana Idaho . Wyoming ". ,., Colorado , New Mexico Basin and Plateau . Arizona Utah Nevada Pacific Washington. Oregon California... State not specified 2 . Alaska Hawaii Philippine Islands Porto Rico Bom at sea and abroad Bom at sea under United States flag American citizens born abroad STATE OK TERKITORY OF RESIDENCE. South Central division. « 138 1 11 1 124 1 107 90 206 46 17 (') 0) 9,372 5,915 667 1,123 2,011 2,114 3,457 1,495 626 1,279 (') f {') Eastern South Central. 10,000 10, OOP (») f}) 136 1 7 1 126 1 404 97 74 224 9 30 w 9,408 i,302 1,081 1,737 3,201 3,283 106 (') C) (') 0) (>) ('5 Ken- tucky. 203 W 5 1 127 83 (') 0) 2 9,653 9,634 9,136 442 (■) (■) (•) (■) m 10, 000 10,000 (') 0) 6 1 170 1 425 125 62 234 4 m (■) 1,324 9,227 141 8,436 226 425 97 (') (') (■) C) (') (•) Alabama, 10,000 (■) m 1 673 (') 7 1 108 1 556 376 17 t^ 0) 9,105 104 (') 0) 0) (•) 20 (») (■) Mississippi. 10, 000 10, 000 (■) 491 "134 2 10 1 120 1 124 86 143 6 20 (■) 1 9,473 30 122 8,713 221 161 50 (') (') (') (') 0) 0) ' Less than 1 in 10,000. (') 2 664 (') 17 1 121 1 123 115 176 10 70 P) 56 I}) 15 9,320 914 55 217 255 387 8,406 3,606 1,601 122 20 3,157 (■) s;i 0) Louisi- ana. 9,999 10, 000 (') P) m 346 ('). 23 1 120 1 (>) {') I}) 1 1,612 570 148 356 9,042 8,922 40 1 (') 79 i}) (') « (') (') i;i 0) (') 140 (') 13 1 124 2 278 302 313 7 24 46 3 8,831 66 603 334 795 7,033 366 6,550 8 (') 109 1 « I}) PS 50 P) Indian Territory. 10,000 9,997 13 4 2 7 617 P) 11 1 159 7 839 86 160 14 390 16 19 16 1 1 337 i:i 6 163 1 167 9,006 1,200 140 286 475 299 7,806 161 888 6,280 25 1,452 P) 64 P) 2 Born in United States, state or territory of birth not specified: Oklaho- ma. 10,000 9,996 15 253 223 3 216 161 267 18 127 464 1 P) 18 806 7, 602. 3,215 627 1,375 482 831 4,387 310 700 128 1,712 1,637 16 13 P) (1) GENERAL TABLES. 265 Table 49.-PER 10,000 DISTRIBUTION OF THE NATIVE NEGRO POPULATION OF EACH STATE AND TERRITORY BY STATE OR TERRITORY OF BIRTH: 1900-Continued. STATE OE TERRITORY OF RESIDENCE. STATE OK TERRITORY OF BIRTH. West- em divi- sion. Rocky Moun- tain. Mon- tana. Idaho. Wyo- ming. Colo- rado. New Mex- ico. Basin and Pla- teau. Ari- zona. Utah. Neva- da. Pacif- ic. Wash- ing- ton. Ore- gon. Cali- fornia. Alas- ka. Ha- waii. Milita- ry and naval service. United States 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000 Continental United States... 9,929 9,977 9,900 9,859 9,989 .9,992 9,987 9,898 9,898 9,909 9,845 9,892 9,797 9,878 9,916 9,877 3,034 9,984 North Atlantic division . . . 361 262 659 492 203 202 207 482 568 228 620 420 441 735 386 1,534 506 651 New England 91 58 80 70 11 64 31 173 228 61 77 108 108 169 103 491 169 130 New Hampshire Vermont 9 1 2 60 4 15 260 5 2 3 41 1 6 194 13 7 35 4 1 4 48 1 •6 138 6 ...... e" 176 16 4 4 129 .4 16 309 23 6 6 176 6 6 345 11 17 9 10 3 2 Massachusetts Rhode Island 47 35 '"'is' ""77" i 65 8 23 312 8 60 ''"33" 333 "'lis' 9 38 666 ""64 9 20 283 "'491' """56" 3 73 19 Southern North Atlantic 13 479 422 192 46 167 543 1,043 113 337 30 521 106 23 131 2,012 69 15 110 1,587 206 27 246 2,049 70 ""352" 1,585 107 21 64 1,806 41 15 82 1,347 63 '"'ii3' 2,323 82 31 196 2,861 79 34 232 3,061 46 30 91 2,685 310 "'233' 1,560 145 28 •139 2,243 108 42 183 2,881 330 66 170 2,026 135 22 126 2,119 61 123 869 4,049 337 450 New Jersey 146 Pennsylvania . . . , South Atlantic division 56 319 5,132 Northern South Atlantic 992 903 1,264 986 1,289 698 1,423 1,610 1,621 1,673 1,162 960 1,767 999 772 1,533 338 2,309 Delaware 14 181 83 668 46 1,020 9 168 66 626 45 684 '"379" 160 706 20 785 176 141 106 628 36 699 11 129 32 1,020 97 516 6 113 43 603 33 649 6 214 101 995 107 900 12 419 223 913 43 1,251 11 425 249 896 40 1,440 ""365" 198 1,049 61 912 77 620 "'465' 388 19 158 74 662 47 1,283 21 195 79 1,376 96 1,114 19 198 76 688 19 1,027 19 145 72 497 39 1,347 "'245' 307 920 61 2,516 66 113 '"169" 112 District of Columbia. . . Virginia 473 367 West Virginia Southern South Atlantic 2,823 North Carolina South Carolina 346 192 449 33 2,149 149 127 377 31 3,044 293 226 226 40 3,080 282 176 141 3,027 118 172 215 11 3,877 113 92 415 29 3,213 201 189 460 60 1,624 302 267 655 27 1,388 317 306 777 40 1,235 414 289 218 410 166 "'233' 534 257 476 36 1,478 428 279 345 62 2,268 264 Sll 424 28 2,243 585 220 511 31 1,218 1,043 675 430 368 1,633 66 56 /. 964 711 597 1,368 167 1,091 Florida Rorth Central division 1,732 1,705 698 Eastern North Central. . . 663 658 765 985 1,160 607 478 467 561 495 1,006 914 336 1,227 168 660 Ohio 226 83 184 49 21 1,586 278 98 211 43 28 2,386 319 86 253 40 67 2,315 246 246 317 106 70 2,042 720 64 333 32 21 2,717 230 108 202 46 21 2,606 239 67 132 26 25 1,146 212 90 106 65 4 921 215 91 68 34 6 821 182 106 182 91 310 "233 166 181 68 174 63 19 978 324 229 349 60 64 1,252 452 66 330 47 19 1,329 121 32 119 54 10 882 920 112 362 130 116 41 Indiana Illinois 307 56 Michigan Wisconsin 11 Western North Central . . 1,171 1,007 306 786 431 Minnesota 23 78 1,046 9 7 36 387 2,697 32 104 1,519 17 13 51 660 2,969 153 113 1,337 146 80 27 459 2,288 106 70 1,479 21 247 1,794 12 100 1,663 19 38 768 8 78 490 11 85 408 19 64 716 3 1 16 169 2,220 60 96 894 17 76 113 746 6 39 673 2 Iowa 61 654 77 776 ""245' 56 112 17 345 North Dakota South Dakota 36 70 282 2,264 11 182 462 2,470 2 46 783 3,103 '"'25' 296 3,218 8 67 270 2,884 6 79 232 2,914 15 46 396 2,826 "'155' 2,792 2 12 150 2,251 Nebraska 29 166 2,210 28 368 1,924 K^ansas 61 2,331 618 731 59 2,939 South Central division — Eastern South Central. . . 1,772 2,212 1,649 1,832 1,880 2,402 1,977 1,921 1,860 2,112 1,784 1,347 1,712 1,416 1,256 2,147 506 2,496 626 598 350 198 825 780 767 445 220 747 738 632 269 120 639 951 423 317 141 422 720 . 506 333 322 590 807 884 488 223 701 680 573 472 252 1,241 949 494 841 137 963 964 425 335 136 1,054 967 714 319 122 714 698 310 643 233 1,008 428 463 266 190 873 623 586 241 262 498 424 600 821 170 609 383 432 266 175 996 920 614 652 61 184 460 66 225 Tennessee 575 Alabama 460 Western South Central . . 444 171 134 29 6 485 2,660 136 158 32 8 413 1,941 140 86 47 7 359 1,798 141 70 35 140 139 43 123 180 29 8 361 1,904 195 139 25 13 869 2,407 188 121, 82 8 664 2,224 130 119 85 '"726" 2,109 304 122 91 SO 167 2,386 388 155 '""465" 2,946 201 114 17 4 637 3,389 166 50 8 8 266 1,770 273 104 "'132' 2,931 202 129 21 4 639 3,803 61 169 106 Arkansas 76 Indian Territory Oklahoma 66 13 2 176 2,430 268 1,580 12b 184 393 248 Western division 31 Rocky- Mountain 857 1,840 1,624 1,338 1,418 1,865 2,256 282 277 336 77 62 82 179 47 8 87 14 46 660 160 194 183 24 96 1,222 315 44 1,477 7 40 60 40 67 106 1,056 141 35 669 ■ 11 8 13 23 4 8 51 196 1,679 11 """28' 238 1,559 61 15 15 122 122 1,899 ""'77' 2,171 10 6 7 28 11 61 ■33 4 8 29 8 33 9 57 19 85 9 28 5 2 6 22 12 70 1,042 150 216 108 19 1,786 52 16 '""i39' 2,103 26 2 6 Basin and Plateau 123 5 100 68 26 1,609 6 37 2 57 27 20 20 107 669 11 97 ....... 13 13 1,043 514 122 263 1,497 45 17 273 30 1,869 162 '2,'i7i' 697 14 16 31 3,266 19 16 35 3,686 3 Utah 12 21 1,656 19 9 2; 724 123 2 Pacific 423 64 23 126 61 393 18 Washington 124 94 1,391 160 2 8 14 1 " 46 20 6 31 194 53 7 47 126 282 35 106 71 11 ■■■■-■ 54 5 2 16 223 25 25 76 208 8 4 251 59 6 6 261 11 77 240 191 2,835 147 4 12 30 1 61 1,276 160 229 237 4 12 46 160 2,008 556 19 9 38 13 19 3,654 139 3 9 29 2 41 61 9 162 162 620 233 246 123 393 9 State not specified i Alaska 140 2 35 2 8 30 6,966 5 1 20 7 93 Born at sea and abroad 106 11 6 13 94 102 61 155 141 75 11 Born at sea under United 2 American citizens bora 46 20 93 106 11 6 13 94 102 61 155 61 141 75 41 9 ' Born in United States, state or territory of birth not specified. 266 NEGROES IN THE UNITED STATES. Table 50.— PER CENT DISTRIBUTION OF THE NEGRO POPULATION ATTENDING SCHOOL BY MONTHS OP ATTENDANCE: 1900. 6TATE OE TEESITORY. United States Continental United States . North Atlantic division. . New England Maine New Hampshire . Vermont Massacliusetts ... Bhode Island Connecticut Southern North Atlantic. New York New Jersey Pennsylvania South Atlantic division Northern South Atlantic. Delaware Maryland District of Columbia . Virginia West Virginia Southern South Atlantic- North Carolina. South Carolina. Georgia Florida North Central division. . . Eastern North Central . Ohio Indiana Illinois Michigan . Wisconsin. Western North Central . Minnesota Iowa Missouri North Dakota. South Dakota. Nebraska Kansas South Central division. . . Eastern South Central . Kentucky.. Tennessee. . Alabama... Mississippi - Western South Central . Louisiana .... Arkansas Indian Territory. Oklahoma Texas Western division. . . Kooky Mountain. Montana Idaho Wyoming Colorado New Mexico . Basin and Plateau . Arizona Utah Nevada Pacific . Washington. Oregon California... Alaska Hawaii Military and naval . PER CENT OF THE NEGEO POPULATION ATTENDING SCHOOL ATTENDING — 1 month or less. 5.2 0.3 0.6 0.4 0.4 0.7 0.6 6.6 1.8 1.8 0.7 0.4 2.4 2.8 10.7 6.1 0.5 1.0 1.0 0.6 0.6 0.3 0.7 1.9 P) 0.6 1.3 2.8 6.3 7.4 6.9 4.4 8.7 5.2 3.3 8.6 0.6 0.6 ('I 0.7 3.6 0.6 0) 0.3 1.1 "6."2' (') 2 to 3 months. 30.0 2.6 (') 0.8 1.2 1.4 2.0 1.6 3.9 2.6 10.7 13.3 6.2 1.0 13.2 11.9 40.2 61.1 44.4 33.0 21.9 5.9 4.3 3.4 3.7 6.0 4.6 4.7 9.2 ^l 2.8 6.5 35.4 34.6 17.0 31.4 46.7 34.5 35.4 67.0 28.1 26.0 27.1 2.3 10.4 5.9 (■) 4.7 5.9 1.7 4to5 months. 27.0 3.7 0) 1.6 1.'4 4.6 2.5 2.9 4.6 4.2 32.0 15.4 9.0 2.3 48.9 37.0 28.7 28.2 26.0 29.8 48.1 8.6 6.4 6.8 6.4 8.2 6.8 6.5 10.7 2.9 6.9 12.4 5.5 8.6 3.1 42.8 23.0 21.6 42.0 24.8 16.7 16.1 22.4 28.9 33.7 3.7 7.5 11.7 15.0 3.4 5.5 6.0 3.0 6 months or more. 37.8 95.7 91.7 %.e 97.1 93.4 95.1 92.9 95.1 90.8 92.6 65.5 69.5 84.1 96.3 40.6 48.3 24.0 15.0 23.5 30.9 27.0 84.4 88.5 '84.8 88.0 89.2 89.6 76.6 91.1 84.6 26.0 37.4 24,3 16.6 43.6 18.2 44.3 41.8 85.6 92.4 91,7 ff 1,7 78,6 79,6 (') (') 94,0 88,7 89,1 «5,1 PER CENT OP THE NEGRO MALE POPULA- TXON ATTENDING SCHOOL ATTENDING— 1 month or less. 6,6 0.5 2 to 3 months. 31.0 2.7 0.2 0.8 0.3 0.3 0.8 0.6 1.7 0.8 0.4 2.5 3.3 7.8 11.6 6.3 7.1 3.2 1.4 0.6 0.9 1.1 0.7 0.6 2,0 0,7 0,6 2,2 m 0,7 1,7 6,4 7,0 8,3 7,6 5,6 4,6 9,3 4,9 3,5 4,1 0,5 1,0 (') 0. CI 1,4 '6,'i' 0) 1,4 1,4 1,7 1,7 4,7 2.7 11,6 14,2 7.4 1.3 14.2 18.9 41.4 52.6 45.7 34.0 22.6 6.3 3.4 4.2 6.4 3.7 7.6 2.9 5.0 9.9 C) 2.8 6,1 35,8 18,8 32.7 47,6 36,9 37,6 35,4 57,8 30,0 27,0 28,4 3,6 4,4 0) 2,7 5,6 (') 2,0 4to6 months. 26.7 1.3 4.9 2.2 3.2 5.0 4.3 29.3 32,0 16.2 10.2 2.8 48.8 36.3 28.1 22.8 26,6 29.0 48.4 9,2 7,0 6,3 6,1 7,6 6,3 1,8 4.6 13.2 6.1 9.5 32.6 42.7 22.5 21,2 41,0 24,6 16,6 16,2 22,1 29.9 33.4 4.6 (■) 2,9 12,7 ('). 4.2 • Per cent not shown where base is less than 100, 6 months or more. 6,7 93,0 97,1 92.9 95.8 94.8 89.5 92.4 32.8 PER CENT OF TfiE NEGRO FEMALE POPULA- TION ATTENDING SCHOOL ATTENDING— 1 month or less. 4.7 4.7 0.6 64.4 67.9 81.6 95.5 89.5 46.6 22.7 18.5 22.4 29.9 26.8 87.7 88,8 83,7 88,0 85,5 78,3 94,6 89,8 74,7 90,4 82.7 24.6 86.8 38.0 22.9 16.6 32.2 43.4 16.7 48,0 39,6 34,1 91,4 91,3 3.6 82,4 92,4 (M 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.6 6.1 1.8 0.6 0.3 2.2 2.3 9.8 6.8 5.8 2.8 1.0 0.8 0.6 1.1 1.0 0.5 0.5 0.7 1.6 0.6 0.9 6,8 2,5 6.8 6.4 4.7 4.2 8.2 6.4 8.0 3.1 0.7 0.8 4,0 (■) 0.8 'b'.s 2 to 3 months. 29.2 1.4 (') 1.0 1.4 2.4 1-.5 3.2 2.4 9.9 12.5 5.2 0.8 12.5 10.0 39.1 43.3 82.2 21.3 5.6 3.5 3.3 5.7 6.6 2.2 7.0 2,2 2,9 2.8 4.9 33.6 15,4 30.2 46.0 33.1 36.0 35,4 66,2 26,5 25,1 26,1 2,8 3,5 1,9 11,0 ('I 1.4 4to5 months. 27.3 27.3 3.5 2.4 6.8 1.5 4,4 2,8 2,6 4.3 4.1 30.0 31.9 14.6 8.0 1.9 43.9 37.7 29.2 24.0 26,4 47,8 8.0 5.3 4.8 7.6 6.9 4.9 10.1 3.8 7,0 11,8 ('I 6.0 7.8 30.1 42.9 23.6 21.9 43.0 24.9 16.9 16.1 22.7 27.9 8 3,6 7,0 2,2 (') 6 months or more. GENERAL TABLES. 267 Table 51, -PEE CENT OF THE NEGRO POPULATION 10 TO 14 YEARS (M? AGE, ATTENDING SCHOOL SPECIFIED NUMBER OP MONTHS: 1900. STATE OR TERRITOBY PER CENT OF NEOEO POPDLATION 10 TO 14 YEABS OP AGE ATTENDINQ SCHOOL— PEK CENT OP NEGKO MALE POPULATION 10 TO 14 YEARS OF AGE ATTENDING SCHOOL — PER CENT OP NEGRO FEMALE POPULATION 10 TO 14 YEARS OF AGE ATTENDING SCHOOL — Total. 1 men til or less. 2 to 3 months 4to5 months 6months or more. Total. 1 month or less. 2 to 3 months 4 to 5 months Smonths or more. Total. 1 month or less. 2to3 months 4 to 5 months 6month9 or more. United States 53.8 2.4 15.8 14.9 20.7 50.6 2.4 16.4 13.9 18.9 57.0 2.3 16.3 16.0 22.4 Continental United States 63.8 2.4 15.8 14.9 20.7 60.6 2.4 16.4 13.9 18.9 67.0 2.3 16.3 16.0 22.4 North Atlantic division 81.5 0.2 1.4 2.7 77.2 82.1 0.3 1.6 2.9 77.3 81.1 0.2 1.3 2.6 77.0 88.3 0.1 0.8 1.9 85.6 90.3 0.1 1.0 1.7 87.5 86.6 0.2 0.6 2.1 83.7 Maine 77.9 90.8 86,6 80.3 3.6 L 3.6 2.1 2.8 74 3 IL 85.8 83.6 75.7 '90.9 92.1 89.9 80.6 ""6.'7" 3.5 1.8 3.1 89.0 87.7 87.1 75.5 89.1 83.6 80.1 I 3.6 2.4 2.6 fil New Hampshire 1 Vermont 1.0 1.0 1.6 ''Zl 0.9 1.0 1.7 m Massachusetts 6.2 0.1 0.1 0.4 0.3 0.3 1.1 1.0 1.4 86.2 Rhode Island Connecticut 80 2 Southern North Atlantic .... 0.3 0.3 0.3 75.8 New York 82.6 76.7 80.8 61.9 0.1 0.6 0.3 2.6 0.8 2.6 1.4 16.7 1.7 3.4 3.2 15.8 79.9 70.2 75.9 17.9 83.0 77.4 80.8 48.1 0.1 0.7 0.3 2.6 0.7 3.3 1.4 15.2 2.2 3.6 3.4 14.4 80.0 69.9 75.7 16.0 82.0 76.0 80.8 55.6 0.1 0.3 0.3 2.4 0.9 2.0 1.4 16.3 1.3 3.2 8.1 17.1 79.7 Pennsylvania 76 South Atlantic division 19.8 Northern South Atlantic 60.3 0.9 6.9 19.3 . 34.2 56.4 0.9 6.9 18.2 31.4 64.2 0.9 5.8 20.4 37.1 62.4 63.5 80.5 57.2 67.6 48.8 0.5 0.3 0.2 1.1 1.7 8.0 ^ 7.5 8.3 0.6 7.0 6.5 19.3 9.3 6.6 1.5 26.2 25.7 14.6 45.1 64.1 78.2 23.9 33.7 12.0 60.3 60.8 77.9 52.7 66.8 45.2 0.4 0.4 0.2 1.1 2.0 3.0 7.3 3.9 0.7 6.8 6.9 18.6 9.7 6.1 1.7 28.3 25.2 13.1 42.9 60.4 75.3 21.6 31.7 10.6 64.5 66.2 82.8 61.6 69.4 62.5 0.6 0.2 0.2 1.1 1.5 3.1 7.8 3.1 0.5 7.1 6.1 20.1 8.9 6.2 1.2 27.0 26.2 15.9 47.3 Maryland . 67.7 District of Columbia VirSiiia 80.9 26.4 West Virginia 36.6 Southern South Atlantic 13.4 North Carolina 55.1 44.7 45.6 62.4 81.3 6.2 2.4 2.5 1.6 0.7 28.0 20.0 14.8 13.2 4.0 13.4 12.0 14.0 30.4 6.6 8.6 10.3 14.3 17.8 m.i 52.3 41.8 40.8 69.6 79.4 6.2 2.3 2.5 1.6 0.8 27.6 19.2 13.7 12.8 4.0 12.1 11.0 12.2 29.1 6.8 7.4 9.8 12.4 16.1 67.8 67.9 47.7 60.4 65.1 83.1 5.1 2.6 2.5 1.6 0.6 28.6 20.7 15.9 13.8 4.0 14.6 12.9 15.8 31.6 6.2 9.6 11.6 Georgia 16.2 18.5 72.3 Eastern North Central 85.7 0.6 2.8 4.9 77.5 84.6 0.5 2.7 5.3 76.1 86.8 0.5 2.9 4.5 78.9 Ohio 88.5 88.4 79.4 89.5 81.3 77.2 0.4 0.5 0.7 0.5 2.0 2.6 4.0 3.2 2.5 5.1 4.4 4.5 6.8 5.7 - 2.5 8.0 81.7 80.8 68.9 80.1 76.3 63.2 88.8 87.6 76.6 88.4 75.0 74.7 0.4 0.6 0.8 0.5 1.8 2.9 3.8 2.3 3.2 5.3 4.9 5.2 5.9 6.7 2.2 8.1 81.7 78.9 66.0 79.9 69.6 60.3 88.2 89.3 82.2 90.6 86.8 79.6 0.4 0.4 0.7 0.4 2.1 2.4 4.2 4.2 1.9 6.0 3.9 3.7 5.6 5.8 2.8 7.8 81.8 82.8 Illinois 71.7 80.2 Wisconsin - Western North Central 82.1 0.9 1.0 0.7 66.1 83.7 80.4 73.3 L 86.6 81.4 0.4 0.6 0.9 1.0 1.4 6.2 3.3 17.8 1.7 4.3 8.9 (^) ""s.b 6.9 16.6 80.6 74.2 67.3 L 75.5 15.4 80.4 76.8 70.2 §.8 85.7 48.6 47.9 0.7 0.5 1.0 0.7 1.4 ■6.2 1.4 3.5 9.0 (1) • 77.6 71.4 54.0 73.6 14.0 86.9 84.3 76.3 L 87.3 54.3 1.4 1.3 6.1 2.1 6.2 8.8 83.4 0.7 0.8 77.1 Missouri 60.6 \'\ (1) 1.2 2.9 18.3 ""i'.s 6.4 16.7 'Ko'hjfLska 0.4 0.8 2.6 0.9 3.8 17.3 7.4 14.6 0.8 0.7 2.5 82.7 0.9 2.7 77.3 South Central division 16.8 Eastern South Central 51.2 2.8 17.5 17.2 13.7 2.9 16.9 15.8 12.3 64.5 2.7 18.0 18.6 15.2 68.1 56.6 41.4 52.6 81.8 1.5 3.1 2.8 3.1 2.3 10.6 17.3 19.6 17.6 18.4 30.6 13.3 9.1 22.7 13.3 26.4 22.8 10.0 9.1 17.8 66.1 63.1 37.9 49.5 49.6 1.7 3.1 2.9 8.2 2.3 11.3 16.7 18.1 17.4 18.0 29.1 12.2 8.1 _ 20.9 12.7 23.0 21.1 8.8 8.0 16.6 71.2 69.9 46.0 65.7 64.0 1.3 3.0 2.8 3.0 2.2 10.0 17.9 20.9 17.8 18.8 32.1 14.4 10.0 24.6 14.0 27.8 11.3 Western South Central 19.0 34.7 64.4 36.7 76.8 67.6 86.3 1.4 4.1 1.7 1.6 2.1 0.3 11.7 31.2 9.6 18.3 18.3 2.0 6.9 8.8 7.9 22.2 23.5 2.8 16.7 10.3 16.5 34.7 23.7 80.2 33.0 62.4 32.0 76.6 66.0 84.4 1.3 4.3 1.4 1.6 2.4 0.3 11.1 30.3 9.8 19.0 18.4 2.3 5.6 8.6 6.7 21.1 22.3 3.1 15.1 9.2 14.1 33.9 21.9 78.7 36.5 66.4 39.5 78.0 70.2 86.2 1.4 4.0 2.1 1.5 1.9 0.3 12.4 32.1 9.4 17.6 18.2 1.8 6.3 9.0 9.1 23.4 24.6 2.4 16.4 11.3 18.9 Arkansas 26.6 Western division 81.7 Eocky Mountain 85.4 0.7 2.3 2.8 •79.6 83.5 0.7 2.5 2.7 77.6 87.1 0.6 2.2 2.9 81.4 86.6 78.4 78.6 (') ^] ■ ... 2.2 6.3 7.1 i? 82.6 64.0 66.7 1 (') 79.0 0) S ... 2.5 8.1 83.4 (}) 67.7 85.4 78.1 0) (') s Montana Wyoming 0.9 0.8 "'"i.'o" 7.2 4.0 b'.i ....... (') 3.2 i."6' ""0.6 0) 4.7 1.9 6.2 81.9 1.6 Basin and Plateau 66.6 §1 85.9 |ii ^] (1) m 82.1 (1) 86.5 (') m 80.5 ii 86.4 IJ] li! ^!} Utah (>) M Nevada Pacific 1.6 2.2 2.1 2.9 1.2 1.6 83.6 Waehington Orugon 84.4 86.2 ........ 3.9 ) 50.6 47.8 49.5 50.8 51.6 50.2 49.9 56.7 58.0 48.2 49.5 60.9 49.6 53.9 50.0 49.6 48.7 47.5 49.6 49.2 49.0 48.1 48.7 60.5 48.7 47.0 49.3 47.3 48.6 48.5 48.7 50.7 49.7 48.5 52.3 52.6 48.3 50.4 49.8 60.6 57.7 52.5 48.2 n 50.5 51.1 60.4 i8.>2 60.0 50.5 Per cent illiterate — ■ In popu- lation at least 10 years of age. 50.8 51.1 62.5 47.2 46.7 51.2 50.2 50.5 50.8 46.6 48.2 49.9 50.3 48.4 49.6 45.1 51.0 50.8 50.1 40.9 50.6 S.4 52.2 50.5 49.2 48.4 49.8 60.1 43.3 42.0 51.8 60.5 49.1 50.4 46.1 60.0 50.4 51.3 52.5 60.4 50.8 51.0 51.9 51.3 49.5 61.3 63.0 50.7 52.7 51.4 51.5 51.3 49.3 50.3 51.5 47.7 47.4 51.7 49.6 50.2 49.4 42.3 47.5 61.8 (') 49.5 48.9 49.6 ^^8 50.0 57.4 Among males of voting 64.3 48.8 69.6 52.6 41.6 62.7 61.4 41.2 55.9 50.2 56.6 52.5 60.9 48.1 56.1 61.7 48.0 66.4 58.0 66.8 62.5 68.6 66.5 39.2 50.0 43.0 49.3 52.4 46.2 65.4 57.3 62.4 42.3 43.2 49.8 46.7 54.1 57.2 55.2 67.7 52.0 54.9 39.9 53.5 44.4 64.0 59.6 44.2 60.0 67.0 60.0 50.9 65.5 50.6 45.7 63.4 50.8 54.7 67.3 39.5 66.4 65.9 m 43.0 40.4 52.7 ^l 9.5 66.0 62.4 62.6 52.8 45.3 65.3 43.8 61.1 55.4 62.9 57.7 61.9 55.7 53.0 57.6 51.8 69.1 61.5 65.3 AKKAN8A3— continued. 63.3 "66.0 67.7 42.0 59.7 55.6 45.8 48.2 52.4 42.3 70.9 63.6 62.7 47.9 44.5 55.1 49.8 57.5 60.3 60.9 72.3 57.5 57.6 71.6 42.4 54.4 47.1 65.5 60.5 49.3 65.6 70.5 60.6 51.0 68.4 65.5 52.6 66.7 55.1 60.4 69.1 39.2 65.3 68.7 44.8 44.5 53.1 Bradley . Calhoun. Carroll . . Chicot... Clark.... Clay Cleburne . . Cleveland . Columbia.. Conway . . . Craighead . . Crawford . . . Crittenden . Dallas Desha Drew Faulkner. Franklin . Fulton ... Garland Grant Greene Hempstead Hot Spring — Howard Independence . Izard Jackson Jefferson Johnson Lafayette — Lawrence - . . Lee Lincoln Little River. Logan Lonoke Madison Marion o Miller Mississippi Monroe Montgomery . Nevada Newton .. Ouachita . Perry Phillips... Pike Poinsett . Polk Pope Prairie .. Pulaski . . Randolph . St. Francis. Saline Scott Searcy Sebastian. Sevier Sharp Stone Union Van Buren . . Washington - White Woodruff Yell CALIFORNIA . Alameda Los Angeles . . . Sacramento . . . San Francisco . PER CENT NEQKO IN TOTAL POPU- LATION. 1890 34.6 38.5 0.9 87.1 34.1 0.1 0.1 30.2 42.9 38.5 6.2 10.5 84.6 44.0 39.8 81.7 62.9 21.4 3.4 0.6 19.6 11.0 0.5 49.7 11.6 22.0 6.6 2.1 28.8 72.8 • 3.5 61.2 6.4 77.8 63.1 41.9 3.8 41.2 0.2 0.3 43.4 60.8 66.4 3.4 35.1 0.1 55.7 11.1 78.6 6.8 14.7 1.0 8.6 35.3 46.1 3.5 64.1 14.6 0.8 0.1 11.9 12.5 1.7 1.0 43.2 2.9 2.6 10.7 61.0 7.3 0.7 1880 35,9 37.4 0.5 87.8 32.3 0.4 0.6 29.3 36.8 39.4 4.3 10.6 85,3 37.6 35.1 79.4 56.9 18.3 3,4 0.8 18.1 13.3 1,2 48.1 10,8 22,1 7.1 2.0 28.5 73.2 59.0 6.4 75.1 63.1 44.9 5.4 4L4 0,3 0.3 44.6 50,6 60.0 3.8 29.0 0.1 52,6 17.0 77.5 5.7 12,8 0.5 46.3 4.1 59.1 13.1 0.2 0.3 11.3 14.4 1.7 1.6 42.6 1.9 3.2 11.2 53.9 7.6 1.0 1.7 1.1 0.6 35.2 36.8 0.4 84.0 33.0 0.3 NEGRO POPULATION: 1900. 27,8 39.1 25.1 3.7 9.4 79.8 35.4 33,9 72.6 47.1 11.1 3.3 0.5 17.3 9.0 1,0 49.5 9.6 25,3 7.6 2.0 26.4 76.0 4.2 63.1 5.3 68.9 54.6 62.1 6.6 33.0 1.1 0,5 46.3 36.2 54.4 4,5 28.7 0,1 53.2 20.7 74.4 6.2 13.2 1.0 6.3 32.4 45.7 6.3 41.3 15.3 0.9 0.2 7.9 17.7 1.9 1.9 47.9 1.2 4.0 11.4 51.9 8.1 0.7 Per cent male. 1.1 0.6 1.6 0.7 Per cent female. Per cent illiterate — 50.0 50.4 52.4 51,0 48.6 53.4 49.2 50.5 50.9 50.3 52.2 50.5 51.3 52.6 50,6 51.5 48.0 0) 45.1 52,1 0) 49.2 51.8 48.9 47.9 45.6 50,1 49.6 48.5 51.4 53.6 52.0 61.2 61.0 60.8 50.7 50.4 54.3 60.9 51,4 49.9 P) 49.0 60.6 51.1 48.8 66.7 57.6 50.0 50.6 49.6 51.2 51.2 51.1 66.7 0) 48.9 51.8 54.2 l9?5 5L2 46.1 50.0 50.5 49.9 52.2 50.7 48.9 56.0 52.7 In popu- lation at least 10 years of 50.0 49.6 47,6 49.0 51.4 46.6 50.8 49.6 • 49,1 49.7 47.8 49.5 48.7 47.4 49.5 48.5 52.0 (1) 54.9 47.9 (') 50.8 48.2 51.1 52.1 54.4 49.9 50.4 51.6 48.6 46.5 48,0 49.0 49.2 49.3 49.6 45.7 49.1 48.6 50.1 (') 51.0 49.4 48.9 51.2 43.3 42.4 60.0 49.5 50.4 48.8 48.9 33.3 (1) 61.1 48.2 46.8 '^.5 48.8 63.9 50.0 49.5 60.1 47.8 49.3 61.1 44.0 47.3 50.9 48.5 23.9 48,6 37.2 '■1 2.7 49.2 37.0 36,3 35.5 47.1 45.8 42.6 52.9 43.2 36.2 24.6 28.2 88.9 40.3 33.6 33.8 34.6 44.9 38.2 43.2 30.3 46.4 84.3 43.3 58.4 68.2 41.9 41.4 44.0 46.6 44.0 46.1 49.3 Among males of voting age. 'l4 31.4 44.6 38.2 46.8 47.2 35.0 41.9 32.3 54.1 41.7 41.9 24.4 30.0 42.1 ^6 32.2 35.3 29.8 42.8 36.7 13.4 6.2 16.8 7.8 6.4 14.6 4.9 17.8 10,4 7,3 1 Per cent not shown where base is less than 100, 280 NEGROES IN THE UNITED STATES. Table 55 — PER CENT NEGRO IN TOTAL POPULATION, 1900, 1890, AND 1880, PER CENT MALE AND FEMALE IN NEGRO POPULATION, AND- PER CENT ILLITERATE IN NEGRO POPULATION AT LEAST 10 YEARS OF AGE AND AMONG MALES OF VOTING AGE— Continued. Arapahoe . El Paso Pueblo .... CONNECTICUT . Fairfield ..... Hartford Litchfield New Haven . . New London . Windham DELAWARE . Kent Newcastle . Sussex DISTKICT OF CO- LUMBIA Alachua.. Baker Bradford . Brevard . . Calhoun . . Citrus Clay Columbia. . Dade DeSoto... Duval Escambia. Franklin . Gadsden.. Hamilton. Hernando 49. 9 Hillsboro 23.5 Holmes . Jackson'.. Jefferson . Lafayette. Lake Lee Leon Levy , Liberty.. Madison . Manatee. Marion . . Monroe . . Orange . Pasco. Polk.. Putnam St. John Santa Rosa . Sumter Suwanee ... Taylor Volusia Wakulla Walton Washington . PER CENT NEGRO IN TOTAL POPU- LATION, 2.7 3.3 4.1 1.8 1.6 1.5 1.9 2.0 1.2 23.6 14.8 16.0 43.7 58.8 26.4 26.6 20.8 48.9 32.5 54.6 26.1 8.4 66. 4 42.1 45.8 64.4 45.2 16.5 52.5 77.9 15.3 35.3 6.1 80.4 38.1 50.6 67.6 9.8 61.7 32,1 52.7 35.4 12.5 27.7 23.6 39.5 24.0 36.9 45.2 11.0 34.6 54.2 21.8 26.5 2.5 2.7 2.9 1.7 1.5 1.5 1.9 1.9 1.1 1880 24.6 14.8 15.5 42.5 GEOEGIA 46.7 Appling . Baker ... Baldwin. Banks . . . Bartow . . 28.5 7r.2 03.3 19.9 29.7 67.8 22.4 20.7 16.9 32.7 12.7 29.5 60.4 10.1 2.8 56.2 43.1 41.1 62.6 37.3 36.0 19.6 4.2 63.9 77.4 6.5 23.0 5.7 82.4 32.3 43.7 61.2 6.3 56.2 31.6 52.3 28.1 15.2 8.8 9.9 42.7 36.7 27.6 27.9 47.0 7.1 29.1 44.2 16.4 20.8 46.7 2.8 2.0 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.8 2.0 2.2 2.0 1.2 24.7 16.3 15.8 3.6 47.0 60.8 27.9 21.1 5.7 26.1 20.2 49.7 26.1 66.8 43.6 33.1 66.2 34.1 21.9 15.7 4.9 60.8 78.9 7.1 86.6 36.3 40.2 62.1 3.8 63.7 29.2 53.6 15.5 38.6 30.1 28.2 25.3 43.8 7.2 16.3 42.6 12.3 22.5 47.0 28.4 74.0 64.0 18.3 29.3 22.6 76.2 20.5 33.6 NEGRO POPULATION: 1900. Per cent male. 48.3 49.5 56.2 47.6 44.8 60.9 48.0 47.8 47.0 43.8 50.9 61.6 50.4 61.0 44.2 62.1 63.7 62.7 59.8 67.1 68.5 71.2 56.3 51.2 60.3 64.9 48.9 49.4 53.3 48.1 56.9 60.0 61.6 60.7 49.3 47.5 63.6 66.3 61.2 47.3 68.0 66.3 49.3 65.5 63.1 47.2 63.1 51.4 64.8 64.2 62.8 62.8 50.6 61.6 58.2 51.9 56.2 62.8 55.4 56.8 56.0 49.3 65.8 49.8 48.0 51.3 60.0 Per cent female. 61.7 50.5 43.8 52.4 66.2 49.1 55.0 52.2 53.0 56.2 49.1 48.4 49.6 49.0 66.8 47.9 46.3 37.3 40.2 42.9 41.5 28.8 43.7 48.8 39.7 36.1 51.1 60.6 46.7 61.9 43.1 40.0 48.4 39.3 50.7 52.5 36.4 43.7 38.8 62.7 42.0 43.7 50.7 34.5 46.9 62.8 46.9 48.6 45.2 36.8 37.2 47.2 49.4 48.4 41.8 48.1 43.8 47.2 44.6 44.2 44.0 60.7 Per cent illiterate- In popu- lation at least 10 years of age. 13.0 10.7 8.7 18.4 11.6 12.7 9.3 U.9 10.4 14.6 18.1 38.1 42.5 33.3 46.9 38.4 34.9 36.0 40.2 18.4 46.0 89.7 36.2 45.3 16.4 40.3 26.2 35.7 43.2 40.6 62.6 47.8 24.4 65.5 65.0 52.6 41.7 33.0 28.6 55.8 30.6 66.3 60.3 12.1 34.7 27.7 29.0 25.7 42.2 47.1 31.7 26.7 24.9 46.2 37.3 43.0 67.3 30.1 42.7 26.7 43.2 62.4 Among males of voting age. 10.0 8.4 20.8 13.1 14.3 10.2 18.7 10.5 18.6 26.7 42.7 49.4 36.2 54.5 26.1 39.4 39.5 36.6 41.2 19.3 41.3 37.7 37.2 50.7 16.3 39.6 24.6 38.5 45.4 46.9 48.7 47.4 24.5 50,3 54.5 66.9 ''W4 30.6 60.9 49.6 14.3 41.8 29.0 34.0 26.8 43.7 43.7 31.3 29.9 26.1 49.8 44.1 41.6 60.8 34.6 87.6 24.0 43.1 56.4 44.2 40.5 41.2 Johnson. 60.2 68.1 60.3 Jones. 52.0 60.9 69.6 Laurens. 48.7 47 J. 63.3 Lee. 60.0 I 47.6 57.7 Liberty! 1 Per cent not shown where base is less than 100, GEORGIA — continued. Berrien. . Bibb Brooks . . Bryan . . . Bulloch . Burke 81.7 Butts. Calhoun . . Camden . . Campbell. Carroll Catoosa Charlton Chatham Chattahoochee . Chattooga . Cherokee . . Clarke Clay Clayton ... Clinch Cobb Coffee Colquitt . . Columbia. Coweta . . . Crawford . Dade Dawson .. Decatur . . Dekalb Dodge Dooly , Dougherty . Douglas Early Echols Effingham. Elbert Emanuel . . Fannin... Fayette... Floyd .... Forsyth. . . Franklin . Fulton.... Gilmer ... Glascock . Glynn Gordon . . . Greene Gwinnett... Habersham. Hall Hancock Haralson . Harris Hart Heard Henry Houston Irwin Jackson Jasper Jefferson PER CENT NEGRO IN TOTAL POPU- LATION. lilOO 30.5 54.3 68.6 51.5 42.9 53.2 74.1 68.4 33.3 19.0 8.3 20.7 57.9 68.0 17.3 8.4 53.5 66.6 41.9 41.1 29.7 40.9 26.4 72.8 56.9 66.1 9.6 3.1 53.6 33.4 40.8 66.3 82.1 24.6 60.5 30.9 44.4 49.6 39.5 2.6 36.2 34.7 9.4 23.8 0.8 33.6 63.6 11.6 67.8 16.2 13.2 16.8 74.6 13.7 67.7 27.8 35.9 60,6 75.1 34.3 31.6 64.2 63.6 39.7 70.7 43.8 8.6.4 65.8 1890 22.6 56.1 54.6 48.7 34.2 79.6 51.1 73.6 67.0 17.3 11.7 26.1 60.2 62.5 17.8 9.8 53.4 61.6 37.1 35.5 30.4 36.8 9.9 71.3 56.4 65.3 19.2 4.6 54.2 34.8 46.4 49.1 83.8 23.1 62.5 33.1 39.6 51.3 36.1 1.3 36.2 36.7 11.6 22.6 41.8 0.8 31.4 57.7 13.5 68.7 15.1 18.7 15.3 72.4 64.3 27,2 36.0 46.8 75.6 32.9 28.1 61.1 62.5 23.8 69.1 44.3 84.2 67,3 18S0 12.6 67.8 51,7 52,0 28,0 77,5 48,5 66,5 66,2 39,0 13.7 12.9 16.7 61.1 62,4 20,4 11.4 54,6 67,9 38,5 20.3 29.0 20.6 4.2 .71.0 66.9 54.5 23.1 6.1 63.4 31.3 34.6 46.9 84,5 21,2 60.4 19.6 46.0 53.0 31,6 1,8 33,3 38.7 14.1 22.2 42.4 1.5 29.9 66.2 16.3 68.2 18.0 15.6 14.8 70.3 2.6 58.9 31.7 85.3 43.9 73.1 19,8 31.6 64.1 64.4 28.0 67.7 43.3 83.5 66.3 NEGRO POPULATION: 1900, Per cent male. 64.6 45.4 60.6 52.1 64.0 47,8 49,8 61,9 51,1 61,1 58.1 56.4 47.3 48.8 51.2 50.2 46.3 46.9 50.7 63.8 49.1 55.3 56.8 50.2 49.3 49.9 68.0 53.2 49.9 60.3 61.3 51.1 48.4 60.9 60.9 60.9 51.8 61.0 53.2 48.3 50.2 49.2 60.2 61.0 47.1 49.8 52.1 47.9 50.6 48.6 49.7 48,5 49,2 49,2 50,8 50.3 50.0 49.2 65.7 50.1 49.5 50.6 49.1 50.4 50.1 49.4 Per cent female. 45.4 54.6 49.4 47.9 46.0 60.7 52.2 60.2 48.1 48.9 41.9 43.6 62.7 51.2 48.8 49.8 53.7 53.1 49.3 36.2 50.9 44.7 43.2 49,8 60,7 60.1 32.0 46.8 60.1 49.7 48.7 48.9 51.6 49.1 49.1 39.1 48.2 49.0 46.8 51.7 49.8 60.8 49.8 49.0 66.7 (') 52.9 60.2 47.9 52.1 49.5 51.5 50.3 51.6 50.8 50.8 49.2 49.7 50.0 60.8 .44.3 49.9 50.5 5L4 49.4 60.9 49.6 49.9 50.6 Per cent illiterate— In popu lation at least 10 years of age. 47.7 42.1 49.6 51.4 66.9 54.3 52.2 66.5 46.9 49.0 60.0 33.0 43.9 38.9 67.4 36.6 41.5 40.7 66.3 50.1 46.4 44.4 44.5 53.0 62.1 51.5 53.0 44.8 52.4 66.1 48.9 51.4 65.2 63.2 46.3 60.8 64.2 60.2 62,3 66,1 30.7 63.3 41.1 43.2 48.0 37.5 %.^ 39.0 38.4 61,6 49.8 44.2 40.8 51.7 37.9- 53.2 50.5 57.1 52.3 61.1 48.8 48.8 62.8 56.2 59.3 51.1 67.2 66.6 38.3 GENERAL TABLES. 281 Table 55 — PER CENT NEGRO IN TOTAL POPULATION, 1900, ]890, AND 1880, PER CENT MALE AND FEMALE IN NEGRO POPULATION, AND PER CENT ILLITERATE IN NEGRO POPULATION AT LEAST 10 YEARS OF AGE AND AMONG MALES OF VOTING AGE— Continued. PER CENT NEGRO IN TOTAL POPU- NEGRO POPULATION, 1900. COUNTY. PER CENT NEGRO IN TOTAL POPU- NE Per cent male. GRO POP Per cent emale. ULATION. 1900. Per cent male. Per cent female. Per cent illiterate— LATION, Per cent il literate— 1900 1890 1880 1900 1890 1880 In popu- lation at least 10 years of age. Among males of voting age. In popu- lation at least 10 years of age. Among males of voting age. GEORGIA— continued Lincoln 59.7 63.3 6.5 62.7 77.7 69.5 29.4 58.0 59.2 42.9 11.3 54.1 67.0 41.0 67.1 6.0 52.3 48.7 51.3 68.6 10.4 4.8 27.0 51.2 27.5 59.7 74.9 73.3 2.9 67.1 48.9 41.2 65.2 56.9 52.0 74.7 71.8 70.0 69.8 34.8 51.0 40.9 70.2 56.2 1.5 63.9 66.6 1.5 64.7 16.7 39.8 37.1 66.5 61.7 23.6 62.2 10.1 12.6 37.9 69.2 52.7 45.1 1.8 59.8 52.8 6.0 62.8 80 6 69.6 33.2 55.1 55.6 36.8 10.8 56.0 65.4 39.6 68r6 5.7 55.3 50.1 49.7 66.5 12.6 4.3 31.1 49.6 31.1 60.4 73.5 68.2 3.0 62,0 60.5 39.4 58.9 52.0 65.5 73,2 68.3 69.7 66.2 30.4 46.9 42.6 63.2 57.5 1.8 65.9 66.5 2.1 50.2 14.5 41.0 41.1 61.7 59.1 29.3 57.5 10.8 14.9 39.5 68.9 48.4 41.6 1.5 64.8 51.0 6.9 63.7 75.2 63.3 32.4 50.1 65.8 37.4 12.4 55.4 64.4 34.8 69 7 11.0 53.4 50.5 47.6 64.6 9.0 2.1 32.4 50.9 34.7 58.5 75.8 59.6 4.3 58.4 50.4 39.3 68.0 61.7 66.8 68.7 66.8 68.5 67.1 28.2 44.5 44.8 59.2 69.3 3.2 67.9 68.1 1.7 60.5 14.1 40.3 27.5 62.9 57.0 32.1 49.1 11.0 18.6 22.5 67.6 46.7 31.0 1.5 48.1 50.7 51.2 49.3 60.2 47.6 50.1 49.0 49.6 53.0 49.4 50.2 48.4 52.9 49.6 49.5 45.0 48.6 49.8 50.5 54,2 47.6 56.4 • 49.6 51.9 49.8 48.1 49.0 48.1 48.3 46.4 60.7 47.9 51.0 48.0 48.7 49.2 48.6 49.0 55.1 48.3 5i;8 49.0 47.6 C) 48.5 50.2 51.6 49.3 58.6 49.7 53.1 47.4 48.9 52.8 60.7 50.7 48.0 64.0 49.0 49.4 54.5 53.0 61.9 49.3 48.8 60 7 49.8 62.4 49.9 51,0 50.4 47.0 60.6 49.8 51.6 47.1 50.4 50.5 56.0 61.4 50.2 49.5 46.8 52.6 43.6 50.4 48.1 50.2 51.9 51.0 61.9 61.7 64.6 49.3 62.1 49.0 52.0 51.3 50.8 61.4 61.0 44.9 51.7 48.2 51.0 52.4 G) 51.5 49.8 48.4 50.7 41.4 50.3 46.9 52.6 51.1 47.2 49.3 49.3 52.0 46.0 51.0 50.6 45.6 47.0 70.9 46.4 42.9 60.7 50.8 62.4 60.4 66.3 64.1 71.0 58.3 60.3 60.2 49.9 65.0 45.6 - 49.4 50.9 66.6 58.9 46.0 41.1 46.0 53.0 39.6 69.9 64.4 63.9 36.7 56.8 43.2 60.3 46.5 57.0 40.2 56.0 51.0 58.1 63.4 52.5 68.3 44.1 58.0 53.7 0) 58.0 58.4 64.7 38,2 57,3 38.9 59.5 58.6 41.1 61.2 22.4 36.4 60.6 67.7 64.4 59.7 18.1 79.2 50.3 58.2 70.8 57.0 72.1 67.5 65.9 71.2 65.3 58.2 62.3 67.5 62.8 68.6 '1.5 57.0 68.2 66.9 54.6 67.3 43.3 64.8 70.5 63.3 '''63.2 44.2 62.3 52.6 59.1 45.9 63.6 60.6 69.6 65.6 61.4 61.9 50.0 60.1 52.3 64.5 65.4 '^^0.4 46.1 64.4 40.2 66.2 63.1 44.6 67.1 27.0 45.3 50.6 70.7 65.9 59.1 18.7 ILLINOIS— continued. 4.4 1.7 10.4 3.3 1,7 3.6 5.1 40.0 4.8 1.1 4.6 4.0 4.3 1.7 2.1 1.7 2.2 2.3 4.7 1.6 13.7 3.1 1.4 3.9 6.2 37.9 4.5 0.9 3.7 4.1 3.8 0.9 2.4 0.8 0.9 2.1 6.4 1.3 16.3 3.0 0.9 4.8 4.3 34.4 5.1 1.4 4.2 3.7 3.4 0.5 2,3 1.3 1.3 2.0 52.3 54.4 52.3 49.6 68.1 60.5 51.1 52.5 60.2 57.6 53.6 61.4 50.9 58.0 62.6 69.7 68.9 61.6 47.7 46.6 47.7 50.4 41.9 49.5 48.9 47.5 39.8 42.4 46.4 48.6 49.1 42.0 47.6 40.3 41.1 48.4 26.8 23.9 30.8 22.0 18.1 29.3 38.1 31.6 23.9 17.0 26.8 29.2 18.4 27.8 22.4 18.2 11.4 22 6 30.3 Lowndes 24.5 Lumpkin 36.4 McDuffie 23.8 19.1 34.5 Madison 39.8 38.4 MBriwether Randolph 26.2 Miller Rock Island 17.4 Milton. St Clair 30.4 Mitchell 38.8 Monroe 21.1 Vermilion Morgan 33.1 White 27.6 Will 19.4 Williamson 14.6 Newton INDIANA 27.7 Clark 10.0 2.0 7.0 4.9 2.5 2.0 1.9 3.8 1.9 1.7 8.9 5.6 2.9 1.1 5.9 11.2 3.6 3.2 3.6 9.4 9.4 1.6 7.4 6.0 2.7 2.1 1.9 4.1 2.1 0.6 7.9 6.5 2.8 0.8 6.3 10.2 3.4 2.9 3.6 10.3 8.9 0.9 6.3 4.5 3.7 3.1 2.1 3.6 2.4 0.5 7.8 4.6 2.9 0.8 6.7 9.1 3.3 3.1 4.4 52.6 51.6 49.3 53,6 56.3 49.7 51.6 49.9 49.8 56.4 49.7 62.8 52.0 68.1 50.7 60.7 51.8 53.8 48.8 62.0 47.4 48.4 50.7 46.4 43.7 50.3 48.4 50.1 50.2 43.6 60.3 47.2 48.0 41.9 49.3 49.3 48.2 46.2 61.2 48.0 34.1 16.8 26.2 21.9 15.1 23.3 15.2 23.7 15.2 20.7 20.9 33.6 18.3 6.6 28.7 27.1 17.7 29.5 19.0 42.8 40.6 Paulding 17.8 Pickens Floyd '29.4 Pierce 30.3 Pike 19.9 Polk Hamilton 28.6 Pulaski 20.1 29.6 19.9 23.9 24.4 Biclimond 41.2 Rockdale 24.7 6.9 Screven . 35.7 36.0 23.4. 38.8 Talbot 23.6 Taliaferro - INDIANTERBITORY. Cherokee nation Chickasaw nation Choctaw nation Tattnall 41.3 9.0 6.6 10.1 18.5 25.9 ^] 0.1 i 0.6 9.1 6.4 10.1 25.8 29.4 i 0.6 50.5 61.8 53.5 52.1 49.6 49.5 48.2 46.5 47.9 50.4 38.0 46.0 47.7 38.0 47.1 38.8 Telfair 46.1 Terrell 43.0 37.1 Seminole nation Modoc reservation Ottawa reservation Peoria reservation Quapaw reservation Seneca reservation Shawnee reservation Wyandotte reservation.. 46.8 (') 0) C) 0) Walton Ware 0.6 64.2 45.8 18.5 Warren 22.0 Lee 4.1 6.1 3.1 2.5 2.2 3.5 4.4 5.5 1.5 1.8 2.2 3.6 4.8 2.1 1.9 1.6 1.8 4.3 60.9 65.3 61.8 52.8 56.4 61.0 49.1 44.7 38.2 47.2 44.6 49.0 26.9 20.7 24.6 12.8 20.2 22.3 33.9 Wayne 23.7 Webster '.... 27.5 White 14.7 Whitfield 27.0 Wilcox 28.1 Wilkinson 10.2 6.0 4.6 2.3 4.3 5.4 11.1 3.3 10.3 3.9 4.5 6.3 11.0 3.8 11.2 8.0 4.8 1.8 1.4 6.7 12.8 4.3 10.6 4.0 5.2 7.4 11.6 4.6 12.8 8.8 8.5 1.0 0.6 ■ 6.4 14.8 5.5 11.4 6.1 5.3 9.6 15.4 5.3 51.8 49.6 53.5 52.4 66.6 52.6 48.4 49.0 48.2 60.3 49.0 48.6 54.8 62.4 48.2 50.4 46.5 47.6 43.4 47.4 51.6 61.0 61.8 49.7 51.0 61.4 45.2 47.6 22.1 20.1 26.6 19.4 26.4 24.0 24.7 23.6 16.2 22.8 27.2 29.5 26.5 19.2 28.6 Worth 26.6 31.9 ILLINOIS .'. Cowley 17.9 3.4 32.6 1.2 1.7 4.0 6.3 0.8 2.0 1.6 1.5 3.3 29.5 1.0 L3 4.4 5.6 0.9 2.3 1.5 1.6 3.2 30.8 1.1 1.1 5.2 6.8 1.2 2.5 1.1 1.1 48.7 49.1 53.4 53.5 53.1 54.0 49.3 50.6 50.2 46.8 51.3 50.9 46.6 46.5 46.9 46.0 50.7 49.4 49.8 53.2 26.2 32.1 14.3 7.7 31.6 23.7 16.1 21.0 19.7 13.7 31.0 36.3 13.2 5.8 42.6 -24.8 21.1 24.6 21.8 19.2 Crawford 30.1 Douglas 31.4 34.1 fjallatin Graham 18.5 37.9 Kane Johnson Labette 36.6 37.6 3L8 25.0 McLean Macon Leavenworth 1 Linn 1 Per cent not shown where base is lesfl than 100. 2 Less than one-tenth of 1 per cent. 282 NEGROES IN THE UNITED STATES. Table 55.— PER CENT NEGRO IN TOTAL POPULATION, 1900, 1890, AND 1880, PER CENT MALE AND FEMALE IN NEGRO POPULATION, AND PER CENT ILLITERATE IN NEGRO POPULATION AT LEAST 10 YEARS OF AGE AND AMONG MALES OF VOTING AGE— Continued. KANSAS — continued. Lyon Miami Montgomeiy . Sedgwick. . . Shawnee . . . Wabaunsee. Wyandotte . KENTUCKY. Adair Allen Anderson. Ballard . . . Barren Bath Bell Booiie. .. Bourbon - Boyd Boyle Bracken Breathitt Breckinridge . Bullitt Butler Caldwell . Calloway . Campbell . Carlisle . . - Carroll ... Carter Casey Christian . Clark Clay Clinton Crittenden .. Cumberland. Daviess Edmonson. Elliott Estill Fayette Fleming Floyd Franklin . Fulton . . . Gallatin . . Garrard .. Grant Grayes- . . Grayson . Green Greenup. Hancock . Hardin . . . Harlan ... Harrison . Hart Henderson . Henry Hickman . . . Hopkins Jackson Jefferson .. Jessamine . Johnson - . . Kenton Knott Knox Larue Laurel Lawrence . Lee PEK CENT NESEO IN TOTAL POPU- LATION. 1900 4.7 6.5 2.2 3.4 11.0 6.9 12.2 13.3 10.7 7.5 9.9 14.0 16.3 11.5 11.2 7.3 37.6 4.1 34.6 4.7 2.1 10.2 11.4 4.6 19.1 7.1 1.1 6.3 8.2 0.7 3.3 43.7 31.0 3.7 2.2 5.8 10.3 14.4 4.5 m 1.9 36.6 0.9 20.9 24.6 10.9 24.5 3.2 10.1 2.2 14.2 1.8 7.2 9.0 2.3 13.0 12.1 26.8 13.2 18.1 16.6 0.2 18.9 28.1 i!'2 1.9 4.3 7.3 3.7 0.9 3.4 1S90 4.4 4.8 4.1 2.7 3.1 12.4 6.1 12.7 14.4 13.3 7.6 10.0 16.8 17.3 12.3 7.2 9.1 40.0 5.0 37.1 6.2 1.9 11.0 12.6 5.6 20.7 7.4 1.6 5.1 8.2 0.8 4.4 44.6 31.3 2.7 7.1 11.8 16.2 6.7 0.3 6.4 38.2 10.1 1.2 22.4 22.1 10.8 27.2 11.1 2.6 16.5 2.8 8.2 11.0 2.5 14.6 12.2 27.8 16.7 15.2 14.6 0.7 17.8 32.9 0.8 4.9 1.3 6.7 8.4 4.0 1.0 7.4 5.9 4.9 3.8 2.9 1.4 18.4 7.4 23.9 16.6 11.4 12.0 22.1 16.8 3.0 10.3 45.8 4.6 39.7 6.0 2.4 12.6 15.3 6.7 19.4 9.1 1.2 8.6 3.0 5.5 46.2 17.6 17.5 7.7 0.7 6.2 44.7 10.3 2.0 26.0 20.1 13.4 31.6 5.6 11.8 2.6 20.3 9.4 14.~5 2.2 17.8 16.6 30.9 19.8 18.4 14.2 0.7 17.5 40.5 1.1 5.7 6.3 10.7 2.9 1.8 6.4 NEGBO POPULATION; 1900. Per cent male. Per cent female. 50.9 53.6 48.4 52.8 50.0 48.9 52.3 49.8 49.9 47.9 51.1 51.4 62.6 49.1 52.8 55.1 56.7 48.5 51.6 49.0 51.6 63.8 61.9 62.2 61.6 49.7 49.3 43.1 53.6 50.9 65.9 61.2 49.1 51.3 52.0 49.6 49.7 49.8 60.4 Till 46.6 60.1 61.5 66.2 54.9 62.2 60.0 51.5 50.7 50.2 48.0 47.8 49.1 49.3 48.7 48.4 50.6 51.3 60.1 61.6 52.0 (') 48.8 50.5 P) 47.3 56.2 50.3 49.6 53.4 63.5 53.1 Per cent illiterate— 49.1 46.4 51.6 47.2 60.0 51.1 47.7 50.2 50.1 52.1 48.9 48.6 47.4 60.9 47.2 44.9 44.3 51.5 48.4 51.0 48.4 46.2 48.1 47.8 48.4 60.3 60.7 56.9 46.4 49.1 44.1 48.8 50.9 48.7 50.4 48.0 50.5 60.3 60.2 49.6 (') 48.9 63.4 49.9 48.6 44.8 45.1 47.8 60.0 48.5 49.3 49.8 62.0 62.2 60.9 50.7 61.3 61.6 49.4 48.7 49.9 48.4 48.0 (') 51.2 49.6 ^L 43.8 49.7 50.4 46.6 46.6 46.9 In popu- lation at least 10 years of age. 19.4 29.0 21.1 22.0 14.4 20.4 22.7 24.4 40.1 44.3 65.6 40.6 47.4 40.6 38.0 !') 40.6 38.5 41.1 'l7 47.6 46.2 41.3 44.0 36.5 34.9 39.3 38.5 42.1 42.9 41.5 38.1 37.2 40.6 51.1 35.9 37.3 (') 32.0 39.1 <'^4.8 67.8 85.2 66.2 27.6 38.7 27.1 Among males of voting age. 25.7 38.7 26.6 32.1 15.9 28.0 31.1 28.2 49.5 42.4 69.4 4X.li 56.5 41.4 60.0 39.9 50.5 39.7 62.7 44.2 57.0 38.6 41.0 47.8 61.8 61.1 62.7 30.2 38.6 41.9 64.3 39.3 46.8 37.1 (') 40.1 52.9 47.8 52.7 86.2 48.9 45.1 62.2 h2A) 62.9 27.3 34.0 39.8 42.7 33.6 41.6 43.1 O 43.6 55.3 47.8 63.4 36.0 43.2 «.. 52.6 58.0 61.3 45.8 54.9 ('). 57.3 63.9 58.3 55.8 59.1 44.9 44.6 60.9 (') 52.3 (') 48.8 49.4 50.1 66.7 43.1 45.4 (') 36.7 50.2 (') 40.8 (') 45.9 68.9 37.6 PEB CENT NEGBO IN TOTAL POPU- LATION. KANSAS — continued. Leslie Letcher Lewis , Lincoln Livingston . Logan Lyon McCracken . McLean Madison Magoffin. Marion . . Marshall , Martin ... Mason Meade . . . Menifee . Mercer .. Metcalfe . Monroe . . Montgomery. Morgan Muhlenberg . . Nelson Nicholas Ohio Oldham . . . Owen Owsley Pendleton . Perry Pike Powell Pulaski Robertson . . Rockcastle . Rowan Russell Scott Shelby Simpson . Spencer . Taylor... Todd.... Trigg.... Trimble Union Warren Washington . Wayne Webster . . . Whitley . . , Wolfe Woodford . Acadia Ascension . . . Assumption . Avoyelles ... Bienville Bossier Caddo Calcasieu Caldwell .... Cameron Catahoula Claiborne Concordia DeSoto I East Baton Rouge . . . East Carroll East Feliciana... Franklin Grant Iberia 1900 1 Per cent not shown where base is less than 100. 1.1 0.5 1.0 20.6 6.9 25.9 20.7 25.3 7.0 26.1 1.1 17.3 2.5 0.3 18.4 8.4 0.6 17.1 10.0 5.2 27.1 0.4 10.4 20.8 11.1 6.1 22.9 8.4 1.1 3.3 1.9 0.8 5.8 4.3 2.6 1.3 0.7 3.0 28.0 26.6 21.9 16.9 14.8 35.5 24.8 2.8 14.6 23.3 13.4 4.1 11.9 3.1 1.1 35.9 47.1 20.5 50.0 43.7 40.0 46.9 78.2 68.9 19.6 44.5 14.6 41.5 60.0 87.4 67.4 66.1 91.6 72.7 56.5 28.4 49.2 1S90 0.8 1.1 1.2 22.4 7.8 27.5 17.3 27.1 7.9 30.4 1.7 20.1 3.0 0.6 20.1 8.1 0.6 20.5 9.1 4.9 29.5 0.4 13.1 23.3 12:2 6.9 24.4 8.1 1.4 3.1 2.5 1.0 8.1 5.0 3.3 1.6 1.7 3.3 30.6 28.9 21.8 18.5 15.8 37.5 26.3 4.5 14.6 26.3 16.4 4.8 11.1 4.3 1.7 39.2 50.0 12.3 57.7 45.3 48.4 44.4 79.8 74.6 15.8 53.4 15.1 41.6 58.0 88.2 66.6 63.3 91.9 71.0 53.6 41.3 49.9 1880 0.7 2.2 1.7 25.9 11.3 22.0 27.0 9.1 33.0 2.2 23.8 4.6 1.0 21.5 12.3 1.3 22.3 11.0 6.2 33.7 0.4 13.8 28.4 14.7 7.4 28.8 8.6 1.8 4.7 2.6 1.3 7.9 5.6 4.9 4.5 2.4 4.7 33.4 33.0 26.3 23.1 20.5 41.1 27.9 8.0 17.8 27.7 16.9 7.2 11.7 2.0 1.3 47.8 61.5 64.2 47.4 49.0 47.8 79.7 73.7 19.3 50.2 13.4 44.0 54.7 91.1 67.2 64.4 91.4 70.3 58.4 46.3 51.4 NEGBO POPULATION: 1900. Per cent male. 51.4 48.-7 60.0 51.0 58.7 49.5 54.3 48.9 48.6 60.1 51.1 !') 49.2 52.2 (') 49.4 49.1 48.8 48.6 (') 81.0 60.8 50.5 53.4 51.1 50.3 J') 61.6 53.2 53.6 49.0 54.7 49.7 {''> 42.9 50.6 61.1 48.9 61.7 48.9 50.6 51.1 53.7 60.6 47.7 48.8 47.2 50.2 57.1 (') 60.0 49.6 Per cent female. Per cent illiterate— In popu- lation at least 10 years of age. 52.9 49.6 60.2 50.8 50.0 50.4 49.2 49.8 50.9 64.2 49.4 49.8 51.2 49.8 51.1 50.2 48.9 49.6 60.3 49.3 48.6 51.3 50.0 49.0 41.3 50.5 45.7 51.1 .51.5 49.9 48.9 M.8 47.8 S.6 60.9 61.2 51.4 (') 49.0 49.2 49.6 46.6 48.9 49.7 (■) 48.4 51.6 46.8 46.4 51.0 46.3 60.3 m 57.1 49.4 48.9 51.1 48.3 5L1 49.4 48.9 46.3 49.4 52.3 6L2 52.8 49.8 42.9 60.0 50.4 47.1 50.4 49.8 49.2 50.0 49.6 50.8 50.2 49.1 45.8 50.6 50.7 48.8 60.2 48.9 49.8 51.1 50.5 49.7 50.7 f'l 19.2 42.8 35.8 40.0 44.6 39.8 39.6 38.4 0) 57.7 38.6 (') 40.3 10.6 46.6 46.8 27.5 ^3'4.6 42.2 41.2 33.5 42.6 43.3 37.7 56.7 42.7 (') 21.8 40.7 50.2 48.0 45.7 38.8 34.7 43.1 39.5 43.8 46.9 47.8 52.1 35.7 31.9 P) 44.5 61.1 72.2 58.5 66.0 65.5 55.1 67.7 6L6 48.7 61.0 51.5 58.0 61.2 81.4 69.1 66.3 69.7 73.1 71.5 7L1 66.1 ' Less than one-tenth of 1 per cent. GENERAL TABLES. 283 Table 55 PER CENT NEGRO IN TOTAL POPULATION, 1900, 1890, AND 1880, PER CENT MALE AND FEMALE IN NEGRO POPULATION, AND PER CENT ILLITERATE IN NEGRO POPULATION AT LEAST 10 YEARS OF AGE AND AMONG MALES OF VOTING AGE— Continued. LOUISIANA— cont'd. Iberyille... Jackson . . . Jefferson .. Lafayette.. Lafourclie . PER CENT NEGEO IN TOTAL POPU- LATION. 1900 Madison, Morehouse . . . Natchitoclies . Orleans Ouachita Plaquemines . . Polnte Coupee. Bapides Red River.. Richland Bablne Bt. Bernard. Bt. Charles . 6S.5 S5.1 41.0 41.7 28.3 Uncoln 42.5 Livingston 14. 1 92.7 76.5 58.8 27.1 62.5 65.8 74.4 53.6 64.7 71.0 19.5 43.7 67.3 54.1 56.2 58.8 50.4 46.9 59.3 36.7 30.5 93.5 42.2 37.6 18.1 12.4 28.8 54.6 77.1 57.7 86.2 17.4 19.8 Bt. Helena Bt. James! St. John the Baptist . Bt. Landry St. Martin St. Mary St. Tammany. Tangipahoa . . Tensas Terrebonne Union Vermilion . . . Vernon Washington . Webster West Baton Rouge . West Carroll West Feliciana Winn MARYLAND . Allegany Anne Arundel.. Baltimore Baltimore city , Calvert Caroline Carroll Cecil Charles Dorchester . Frederick . Garrett Harford ... Howard . . . Kent Montgomery . . Prince George . Queen Anne . . Bt.Mary Somerset Talbot Washington . Wicomico . . . Worcester . . . MASSACHUSETTS . Barnstable . Berkshire .. Bristol Hampden . Middlesex . Norfolk Plymouth . Suffolk . . . - Worcester . 1890 3.1 38.8 12.8 16.6 50.8 26.1 6.3 15.4 54.6 33.9 11.6 0.7 20.7 26.4 39.6 38.0 40.1 84.7 48.1 36.8 36.7 6.5 25.5 32.9 1.1 2.2 1.4 1.1 0.5 0.7 1.3 0.5 1.0 2.0 0.5 69.3 35.0 49.0 43.1 86.4 42.5 15.1 93.4 79.0 60.2 26.6 68.6 67.9 76.1 57.2 68.6 70.5 22.0 45.7 74.3 56.9 63.6 68.4 55.3 52.5 64.2 86.4 37.1 93.1 48.1 42.8 20.4 9.1 30.8 58.5 71.3 61.6 84.9 14.3 20.7 1880 3.4 42.6 14.0 16.4 51.4 27.4 6.6 15.4 63.6 85.1 13.2 1.3 22.0 25.3 39.0 35.6 43.0 36.5 48.5 39.4 37.9 6.3 26.1 34.1 1.0 1.3 1.5 1.3 0.5 0.8 0.8 0.4 0.7 1.8 0.5 72.7 45.1 59.9 41.9 40.8 44.2 18.9 90.9 75.0 61.0 26.7 69.3 62.3 73.1 59.2 70.8 62.5 25.1 51.9 80.2 55.7 67.0 69.8 48.5 54.3 65.9 37.7 41.6 91.1 60.7 40.8 22.4 7.8 38.0 56.8 70.6 51.8 82.1 17.9 22.5 NEGEO POPULATION: 1900. 4.1 48.6 12.7 16.2 54.1 30.3 7.4 16.5 58.5 86.7 14.9 0.9 23.7 27.3 40.9 37.0 47.2 37.8 51.8 40.1 38.4 8.0 28.2 35.9 1.0 1.3 1.9 1.6 0.6 1.1 0.8 0.6 0.7 1.7 0.6 Per cent male. 60.6 48.9 52.2 49.4 52.0 49.0 49.6 61.1 60.3 49.2 45.2 48.0 51.1 50.5 50.5 50.3 48.9 49.7 52.7 52.9 48.9 52.6 52.1 49.7 50.3 51.2 51.6 50.3 49.4 61.0 49.9 49.8 55.4 52.2 49.9 50.2 49.2 48.6 48.2 49.2 Per cent female. 60.1 62.4 51.4 44.2 53.0 61.0 47.9 53.2 52.4 61.1 48.6 50.0 52.2 51.7 53.2 50.6 63.4 53.1 52.4 61.8 52.0 47.1 50.8 50.0 48.8 49.3 47.3 49.4 46.3 44.7 46.6 47.1 64.7 50.7 48.3 49.5 51.1 47.8 60.6 48.0 51.0 50.4 48.9 49.7 60.8 54.8 52.0 48.9 49.5 49.5 49.7 61.1 50.8 47.8 47.1 51.1 47.5 47.9 50.3 49.7 48.8 48.6 49.7 50.6 49.0 50.1 50.2 44.6 47.8 50.1 49.8 60.8 61.4 51.8 50.8 Per cent illiterate— 49.9 47.6 48.6 65.8 47.0 49.0 52.1 46.8 47.6 48.9 51.4 60.0 47.8 48.3 46.8 49.4 46.6 46.9 47.6 48.2 48.0 62.9 49.2 50.0 51.2 60.7 52.7 60.6 63.7 55.3 53.4 52.9 45.3 49.3 51.7 In popu- lation at least 10 years of age. 67.8 53.2 60.6 85.9 51.9 55.0 60.2 66.8 67.5 70.7 86.1 70.2 63.8 72.6 56.2 76.9 54.8 69.5 59.8 52.7 71.6 59.3 63.9 81.8 81.2 57.8 47.2 60.1 69.1 59.7 65.7 73.9 45.6 53.5 58.1 63.3 58.5 69.1 61.2 36.1 Among males of voting age. • 27.9 42.2 30.2 25.7 38.8 36.9 29.6 39.1 44.6 38.3 86.7 29.0 32.8 37.6 43.8 37.4 41.8 42.4 62.8 47.2 44.6 30.5 41.1 52.6 10.7 38.7 10.0 17.9 13.2 9.9 9.9 6.9 19.0 8.0 8.0 67.5 63.6 62.1 85.6 54.8 56.8 60.2 64.8 68.2 36.0 68.9 60.3 69.5 55.3 74.4 51.8 62.6 66.8 70.6 64.1 70.7 79.6 80.6 60.3 62.8 53.9 67.6 68.1 64.6 73.1 47.7 61.9 57.9 62.8 56.0 69.1 40.5 30.4 48.5 35.0 26.5 46.4 44.6 36.5 47.2 55.0 43.7 46.2 01. 1.2 45.9 49.6 50.0 54.0 47.8 64.3 65.6 53.6 36.6 49.6 60.0 10.5 46.0 11.1 22.3 11.7 11.8 9.2 6.1 26.5 5.9 8,6 Berrien . . Calhoun . Jackson Kalamazoo . Kent , Van Buren . Washtenaw Wayne MINNESOTA . Hennepin . Ramsey ... MISSISSIPPI . Adams . Alcorn . Amite . . Attala. - Benton . Bolivar Calhoun Carroll Chickasaw . Choctaw Claiborne. Clarke Clay Coahoma . Copiah ... Covington . DeSoto Franklin . . Greene Grenada... Hancock . . Harrison . . Hinds Holmes Issaquena . Itawamba . Jackson . . . Jasper Jefferson . Kemper Lafayette... Lauderdale- Lawrence .. Leake Lee Leflore ... Lincoln .. Lowndes . Madison.. Marion Marshall Monroe Montgomery . Neshoba Newton Noxubee Oktibbeha. . Panola Pearl River. Perry Pike Pontotoc . Prentiss . . Quitman . Rankin... Scott Sharkey - . Simpson . . Smith PER CENT NEGRO IN TOTAL POPU- LATION. 1900 0.7 1 1.4. 7.5 1.0 1.8 0.5 2.0 2.6 1.3 0.3 0.7 1.3 58.5 1890 1.6 1.2 7.7 1.2 1.4 0.7 2.1 2.9 1.5 0.8 1.1 67.6 78.6 26.5 59.4 47.1 49.5 88.1 24.8 58.4 59.0 27.6 78.0 47.9 69.7 88.2 62.4 35.2 74.8 49.7 26.2 72.9 29.2 30.3 75.2 77.9 94.0 9.9 36.2 48.6 81.1 Jones 26.2 66.8 44.0 49.7 50.1 35.9 39.4 88.2 42.7 76.5 79.8 32.0 67.6 69.8 61.8 17.9 38.6 84.8 68.6 66.7 26.8 32.8 49.8 26.4 19.8 76.9 68.5 42.4 88.1 38.7 18.1 1880 1.9 1.3 8.3 1.2 2.1 0.7 2.4 2.9 2.0 0.2 NEGRO population: 1900. 0.7 1.1 67.5 76.4 26.8 58.2 42.6 46.6 89.2 28.2 66.6 67.3 24.3 75.6 61.2 69.8 87.6 61.6 35.8 71.2 47.3 23.9 74.0 30.2 26.6 72.2 77.1 94.0 8.4 30.6 49.0 81.0 15.0 56.0 43.1 50.5 49.3 38.9 37.6 84.6 42.4 77.8 77.9 31.6 62.6 60.6 48.5 19.5 37.0 82.8 67.4 66.7 22.2 28.9 60.1 29.1 20.8 72.8 58.1 89.3 85.2 38.6 16.1 Per cent male. 78.8 30.9 60.8 41.3 47.6 85.6 24.5 .56.0 67.0 27.6 76.7 52.1 69.7 82.2 52,4 82.7 66.9 50.1 24.6 73.2 27,4 27.2 73.4 74.5 91.7 10.4 32.6 46.4 7,5.4 9.4 64.3 47.5 53.7 47.6 36.4 38.2 78.1 43.1 80.2 77.0 35.5 62.5 63,0 50,0 20,2 34.9 82.3 68,0 66,4 31,2 48,6 30,7 19.9 57,9 57,1 38,1 77,6 37,6 20,2 62,0 53,6 50.5 51.9 58.3 61,6 51,0 54,9 5L5 49,3 57,2 53,9 68,7 60,0 Per cent female. 47,3 48,8 60.6 49,4 50,2 61,9 49,7 50,0 49,4 48,3 48,9 48,5 48.3 52,6 49.8 54.2 50.7 49,2 55,9 49,3 52,6 50,4 49,1 60,1 52,3 60,8 64,0 49,9 49,8 54,3 49.4 49.2 47,9 49,7 60,2 49,0 51,9 50,1 48,4 48,6 51,4 49,8 49,8 48,7 50,7 49,2 48,7 47,9 49,4 56,0 53,7 49,6 49,5 49,3 53.7 48,8 50.3 51,8 49.1 61,4 48,0 46,5 49,5 48,1 41,7 48,4 49.0 45,1 48,5 60,7 42,8 46,1 41,3 60,0 Per cent illiterate- In popu- lation at least 10 years of 52.7 51.2 49,4 60,6 48.1 60.3 60,0 50.6 61.7 51,1 61,6 5L7 47,4 ,50,2 45,8 49,3 60,8 44,1 50,7 47,4 49,6 50,9 49.9 47,7 49,2 46,0 50,1 60,2 45,7 50,6 60,8 52,1 50,3 49,8 51,0 48,1 49,9 51,6 51,5 48,6 50,2 50,7 51.3 49,8 50,8 5L3 52,1 50,6 • 44,0 46,3 50,4 60,5 60,7 51,2 49,7 48,2 50,9 48,6 10,! 12,1 7,7 16,0 12,6 7,7 9,4 11,2 10,0 Among males of voting 6,6 7.5 49.1 60.2 26,4 63,6 46,4 47,9 46,4 47,4 50,8 44,7 49,4 49,4 50,4 41,0 49,8 47,9 48,4 63.8 22,3 47,2 41.5 47,5 61,4 64,9 48,7 47,2 46,8 51,9 46,1 49,5 40,2 54,1 50,0 48,5 43,5 56,2 50,6 56.8 53.6 47,0 39,7 45,7 48,4 50,3 48,0 62,4 67,8 46.6 42.3 42.2 47.5 49.1 44.1 46.5 47.9 48.9 50.2 62,2 47,6 54,7 56.0 53.2 6L4 53.3 1 Per cent not shown where base is less than 100. 284 NEGROES IN THE UNITED STATES. Table 55.— PER CENT NEGRO IN TOTAL POPULATION, 1900, 1890, AND 1880, PER CENT MALE AND FEMALE IN NEGRO POPULATION, AND PER CENT ILLITERATE IN NEGRO POPULATION AT LEAST 10 YEARS OF AGE AND AMONG MALES OF VOTING AGE— Continued. Missisaippi— continued. Sunflower ' Tallahatchie . Tate Tippah Tishomingo . . Tunica Union Warren Washington . Wayne Webster Wilkinson . . . Winston Yalobusha .. Yazoo Audrain . . . Boone Buchanan . Butler Callaway . . Cape Girardeau . Carroll , Cass » Chariton Clay Clinton . . . Cole Cooper Franklin . Greene ... Henry Howard . . Jackson .. Jasper Jefferson . Johnson . . Lafayette. Lewis Lincoln . . Linn Livingston . Macon Marion Mississippi.. Moniteau . . . Monroe Montgomery . New Madrid-. Newton Pemiscot Pettis Pike Platte Ralls Bandolph Ray St. Charles St. Francois . . St. Louis St. Louis city . Saline Scott Shelby Warren Washington . NEBBASKA . PER CENT NEGRO IN TOTAL POPU- LATION. 75.0 67.8 59.1 22.4 10.4 90.6 25.1 ■74.7 89.7 40.3 28.8 79.6 41.8 53.0 77.1 6.2 Douglas Lancaster . 7.7 15.9 5.3 9.1 16.8 8.2 6.0 2.5 12.1 6.9 6.2 11.0 16.6 6.0 22.8 9.8 1.7 4.4 6.1 11.6 6.2 9.4 3.1 3.6 4.8 12.7 19.1 4.4 8.2 8.5 18.0 2.6 7.1 7.6 11.6 6.6 8.7 2.6 7.0 6.2 14.1 3.9 4.2 6.2 4.6 2.9 1.3 73.0 64.1 66.9 22.6 10.7 89.6 25.6 73.4 87.9 40.9 24.7 77.5 41.9 53.8 76.1 5.6 18.0 6.7 6.9 17.8 9.2 5.3 3.4 13.3 6.8 U.2 15.6 6.4 7.1 4.1 26.2 9.3 1.8 4,7 6.5 13.8 6.6 11.1 3.3 4.2 3.9 14.2 20.8 5.4 21.8 3.1 6.9 9.0 18.7 7.4 8.8 11.8 7.2 10.1 3.1 9.6 6.9 16.1 4.4 4.8 7.3 5.9 0.8 3.0 1.9 1880 62.2 61.8 51.4 23.8 13.3 85.2 23.8 72.1 86.2 43.1 24.1 79.9 38.9 51.9 74.9 6.7 9.3 20.0 7.6 2.3 18.7 9.6 6.3 3.3 16.8 9.7 6.1 12.0 16.2 7.8 9.7 4.1 28.4 12.0 2.4 5.4 7.2 17.2 8.8 12.3 4.2 6.8 6.7 14.9 23.2 11.3 11.8 24.4 3.1 6.2 11.0 20.1 9.4 10.2 12.4 8.6 10,5 4.7 12.2 6.3 16.5 6.4 6.6 8.8 8.0 0.5 NEGRO POPULATION: 1900. Per cent male. 53.8 61.1 49.7 49.4 47,9 53.1 60.2 48.3 51.0 49.2 50.6 49.0 49.0 49.4 60.1 60.4 60.4 49.4 53.9 53.6 60.3 49.6 49.2 49.7 60.2 52.4 49.8 63.2 61.4 62.6 48.8 49.0 51.3 48.9 51.7 50.1 61.9 62,1 50,3 62,1 49.0 60.2 54.6 48.6 54.3 54.2 49.2 67.4 49.1 60.2 51.4 49.4 48.7 61.1 51.4 49.9 49.7 49.3 50.7 62.5 61.5 62,9 50.9 53.7 Per cent female. 63.8 63.0 46.2 48.9 50.3 60.6 52,1 46.9 49.8 51.7 49.0 50.8 49.4 51.0 51.0 50.6 49.9 49.6 Per cent illiterate — In popu- lation at least 10 years of age. 49.6 50.6 46.1 46.6 49.7 50.4 50.8 60.3 49.8 47.6 50.2 36.8 48.6 47.6 61.2 61.0 48.7 51.1 48.8 49.9 48.1 47.9 49.7 47.9 61.0 49.8 46.4 51.4 45.7 51.1 60.6 61.7 46.8 50.8 42.6 60.9 49.8 48.6 50.6 51.3 48.9 48.6 60.1 50.3 50.7 49.3 47.6 48.6 47.1 49.1 46.3 46.2 47.0 60.1 56.1 47.2 41.8 48.9 47.6 43.0 43.9 44.6 50.5 41.4 62.1 44.2 51.6 48.8 28.1 33.0 38.4 16.7 42.1 37.2 29.6 29.4 24.6 30.8 29.3 31.3 28.2 36.3 33.8 27.3 36.0 38.2 20.1 19.4 35.3 30.9 33.9 35.0 14.9 29.8 40.9 33.1 11.8 10.0 10.8 Among males of voting age. 50.1 57.3 53.1 46.5 48.4 47.4 47.2 48.3 49.4 61.5 49.0 63.5 60.5 54.4 66.0 31.9 44.9 48.9 18.7 41.1 47.9 37.6 36.3 32.4 39.5 36.6 46.9 28.5 42.5 39.8 27.9 44.7 49.5 21.3 23.0 42.9 38.4 47.1 44.3 48.0 25.6 17.5 35.3 42.5 46.0 36.3 35.8 44.5 32.9 42.8 61,1 61.2 2.'l,0 34.7 41.0 43,9 31.8 36.2 31.1 40,0 34.5 41.0 47.8 52.7 26.4 83.0 33.4 42.0 32.9 89.9 26.3 40.0 30.9 39.1 21.3 20.2 S4.fi 43.6 38.2 60.7 26.7 83.5 40.8 49.1 35.2 48.4 11.6 7.9 12.9 NEW JERSEY . Atlantic Bergen Burlington . Camden Cape May . . Cumberland. Gloucester. . Hudson Hunterdon . Mercer Middlesex . . Monmouth . Morris Passaic . . . Salem Somerset . Union NEW YORK . Albany Broome Cayuga Chemung. Columbia. Dutchess . Erie Greene ... Kings Monroe . - . Nassau New York . Niagara . . . Onondaga . Orange Queens Rensselaer. Richmond. Rockland . Saratoga Suffolk Ulster Westchester . NORTH CAROLINA. Alamance . . Alexander . Alleghany., Anson Ashe Beaufort ... Bertie Bladen Brunswick . Buncombe . Burke Cabarrus . Caldwell . Camden . . Carteret . . Caswell... Catawba.. Chatham . Cherokee . Chowan . . Clay Cleveland . . . Columbus ... Craven Cumberland. PER CENT NEGRO IN TOTAL POPU- LATION. 1900 5.4 8.0 6.6 4.7 3.6 6.5 1.1 1.6 4.4 2.4 8.4 2.5 1.3 11.9 4.7 3.9 1.4 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.7 3.3 2.7 0.4 2.5 1.6 0.4 4.2 1.9 0.7 0.7 2.7 1.7 0.5 1.6 6.3 1.5 2.9 33.0 1 Per cent not shown where base is less tBan 26.2 7.8 6.0 53.4 8.5 42.9 57.6 46.6 39.9 18.3 15,1 27.2 12,3 40,0 18,0 54,6 13.5 84,9 3.6 57.0 8.0 19.2 30.4 60,2 43.0 1890 1880 3.3 4.5 8.5 7.6 4.6 2.7 , 4.9 0.9 1.4 4.3 2.7 7.3 1.8 1.1 11.2 4.8 3.0 1.2 0.9 1.0 0.9 1.6 2.3 2.1 0.4 2.1 1.3 0.4 '1.6 0.6 0.7 2.6 2.8 0.6 1,9 1.4 2.3 34.7 7.1 48.9 43.7 58.9 48.4 43.7 18.8 17.1 30.1 12.6 40.9 21.2 68.6 14.0 32.3 2,7 56.2 3.4 16.2 33.9 65.1 45.2 4.8 5.1 4.6 9.0 5.8 5.2 2.5 4.4 0.9 1.4 5.6 3.1 6.2 1.6 1.6 11.3 6.1 3.5 1.3 0.9 1.2 1.1 2.2 2.6 2.7 0.4 2.2 1.6 0.5 1.6 0.7 0.7 3.2 4.2 0.8 2.4 2,9 1.3 4.5 1.6 2.4 38.0 31.6 10.7 9.5 51.2 6.7 42,6 58.4 58.0 43.2 15.9 21.2 34.2 15.5 39.4 27.4 59.8 16.6 33.9 3.5 54.0 17.3 88.2 66.2 47.2 NEGRO POPULATION: 1900. Per cent male. 48.3 50.7 44.5 50.4 48.2 47.8 50.0 42.8 60.9 49.4 49.2 52.5 56,4 47,7 44.5 45.3 64.4 49.0 44.2 47.0 67.0 45.3 50.1 66.5 55.8 52.7 63.0 54.3 44.2 60.6 47.3 46.1 55.9 48.0 49.4 42.9 41.9 45.8 68.2 46.1 46.6 62.1 43.3 48.6 47.4 48,2 49.6 48.9 46.6 49.6 48.2 47.6 48.3 46.7 46.6 47.7 50.1 49.6 46.6 48.3 48.2 49.1 60.0 48.7 53.7 50.2 47.7 47.6 47.8 Per cent female. 49.3 55.6 49.6 51.8 52.7 50.0 67.2 39.1 60.6 50.8 47.5 48.6 52.3 55.5 54.7 45.6 51.0 55.8 63.0 43.0 54.7 49.9 43.5 44.2 47.3 47.0 46.7 55.8 49.4 52.7 54.9 44.1 62.0 60.6 67.1 58.1 64.7 31.8 68.9 63.4 47.9 66.7 51.4 62.6 61.8 50.4 51.1 63.5 60.4 51.8 52.4 51.7 53.3 53.4 52.3 49.9 60.4 68.4 51.7 51.8 50.9 50.0 61.3 46.8 49.8 52.8 52.4 52.7 Per cent illiterate — In popu- lation at least 10 years of age. 17.2 9.5 24.8 22.1 22.1 12.9 22.0 13.7 20.2 9.4 23.0 21.1 17.5 17.6 19.3 21.1 16.3 27.8 15.9 10.8 10.6 10.1 14.0 14.3 19.6 17.7 6.1 16.0 11.1 7.9 16.0 6.6 18.6 10.4 22.5 13.2 •10.6 13.8 16.9 14.7 16.6 19.8 14.4 47.6 45.0 41.8 61.6 52.6 52.9 61.6 48.6 46.0 49.0 35.4 45.4 89.4 44.7 41.3 89.4 55.6 43.2 45.4 42.6 60.7 62.4 37.9 48.4 89.3 100. GENERAL TABLES. 285 Table 55.— PER CENT NEGRO IN TOTAL POPULATION, 1900, 1890, AND 1880, PER CENT MALE AND FEMALE IN NEGRO POPULATION, AND PER CENT ILLITERATE IN NEGRO POPULATION AT LEAST 10 YEARS OF AGE AND AMONG MALES OF VOTING AGE— Continued. NORTH CABOLINA — COn. Currituck . Dare Davidson . . Davie Duplin 27.2 12.1 13.6 21.7 38.1 37.2 62.4 29.9 49.6 Gaston 26.0 Gates Graham . . Granville. Greene . . . Guilford.. Durbam Edgecombe. Forsyth Franklin . Lenoir Lincoln ... McDowell . Uacon Madison... Martin Mecklenburg. Mitchell Montgomery . Moore Nash New Hanover . Northampton . Onslow Orange Pamlico PasQuotank . Pender Perquimans . Person Pitt Polk Randolph . Kichmond. Robeson... Rockingham . Rowan Rutherford . . . Sampson Scotland Stanly Stokes Surry Swain Transylvania. Tyrrell . Union . . Vance . . Wake... Warren Washington . Watauga Wayne Wilkes . Wilson . Yadkin. Yancey. PER CENT NEGRO IN TOTAL POPU- LATION. 1900 Halifax Harnett Haywood Henderson Hertford Hyde Iredell ... Jackson .. Johnston . Jones 46.1 0.6 51.1 48.0 28.4 64.1 31.6 3.8 12.5 68.7 43.3 26.2 5.0 25.3 45.7 43.2 19.1 16.1 5.6 2.7 47.6 43.2 3.6 25.9 33.2 41.7 60.8 67.3 30.2 35.8 32.8 61.4 61.6 49.6 42.1 60.2 17.2 13.0 49.0 41.9 35.0 26.1 17.7 34.6 53.5 11.8 15.1 11.4 2.1 9.3 29.4 29.5 58.5 44.6 68.2 50.6 2.9 42.8 9.1 42.0- 8.4 2.5 1S90 29.9 10.8 16.3 24.5 37.9 40.6 64.7 31.6 49.0 27.2 46.0 0.8 50.5 47.4 29. S 66.7 30.8 3.9 10.9 67.4 44.3 23.3" 6.4 26.9 47.5 42. .8 20.3 16.7 6.6 4.0 48.5 45.8 4,3 20.1 31.6 41.2 58.0 66.6 28.3 36.1 61.6 52.3 49.2 45.5 48.3 18.5 13.3 54.1 46.6 40.1 28.9 19.7 36.4 1880 12.4 16.4 12.2 3.4 8.7 29.0 26.1 63.4 47.0 69.6 51.4 4.1 42.1 9.0 41.6 9.9 3.1 30.6 11.3 19.6 30.0 43.6 69.6 25.6 64.6 28.5 44.1 1.0 66.5 63.7 28.4 69.8 34.7 4.7 13.6 56.8 43.0 26.1 5.1 31.8 57.1 62.6 26.0 19.3 8.1 3.6 49.3 47.5 5.3 26.9 31.7 46.9 61.8 60.1 32.9 38.6 33.5 63.2 65.8 49.3 47.6 60.9 22.6 14.8 55.4 50.0 42.8 31.8 21.4 41.7 NEGRO population: 1900. Per cent male. 12.7 23.6 13.6 2.9 9.7 31.6 25.1 49.3 71.8 49.0 6.1 48.6 10.0 46.1 12.4 4.2 52.2 64.4 48.5 52.1 46.8 48.3 49.2 48.8 49.3 51.1 46.8 (') 49.6 49.3 48.2 49.6 46.9 48.8 60.4 49.7 49.7 49.1 53.1 49.2 48.2 48.0 49.4 47.6 44.9 53.2 48.9 48.5 52.2 50.8 43.4 50.9 44.7 49.7 47.8 50.5 49.1 48.7 47.6 61.0 48.7 48.9 49.3 49.3 49.4 48.9 47.6 49.6 47.7 46.1 49.3 62.6 49.8 49.0 63.4 49.6 51.6 49.7 48.1 48.0 48.6 48.8 49.9 47.5 47.7 48.5 60.8 49.8 Per cent female. 47.8 46.6 51.5 47.9 53.2 51.7 50.8 51.2 50.7 48.9 53,2 S.4 50.7 51.8 60.4 63.1 51.2 49.6 50.3 50.3 50.9 46.9 50.8 61.8 52.0 50.6 52.4 55.1 46.8 51.1 51.6 47.8 49.2 61.6 49.1 65.3 50.3 52.2 49.5 50.9 51.3 52.4 49.0 51.3 51.1 50.7 60.7 60.6 61.1 52.4 60.4 62.3 53.9 50.7 47.5 60.2 61.0 46.6 50.4 48.6 50.3 51.9 62.0 51.4 51.2 50.1 52.5 52.3 51.6 49.2 60.2 Per cent illiterate — In popu- lation at least 10 years of age.^ 46.2 47.1 46.6 44.0 46.9 46.0 68.8 40.1 47.2 43.1 47.6 (') 51.4 49.3 36.2 67.7 46.8 27.0 41.7 48.5 60.9 47.1 41.7 48.6 42.0 61.6 33.6 42.3 51.3 44.7 55.4 45.7 60.6 49.5 40.2 63.6 39.2 52.6 47.1 46.4 43.6 41.7 52.1 30.8 63.3 58.6 45.2 88.5 53.5 49.3 52.5 43.0 38.9 49.5 56.0 41.3 57.6 60.4 57.1 45.0 44.2 63.7 48.5 39.9 42.2 48.0 47.2 43.3 53.8 56.2 49.0 56.6 Among males of voting age. P) 60.2 48.6 57.6 54.1 68.6 53.6 62.3 43.2 53.9 45.8 60.6 ) 61.6 57.8 43.5 62.6 54.2 37.3 48.2 56.6 48.9 54.1 48.0 66.9 44.6 62.9 42.2 56.0 ■ 69.5 38.4 60.6 51.1 48.8 64.3 46.3 57.5 38.7 68.7 42.6 65.3 43.7 47.2 53.8 39.7 74,2 58.6 62.0 47.8 57.9 60.0 61.3 51,1 44,4 67.5 68.8 45.8 68.4 66.1 (•).. (») 49.2 48.4 55.9 58.1 49.7 55.9 50.4 45.3 53.6 67.7 52.5 « Allen Athens . . Belmont. Brown... Butler . . . Champaign.. Clark Clermont Clinton Columbiana . Cuyahoga . Delaware.. Fayette Franklin . . Gallia Greene Hamilton.. Hardin Harrison .. Highland . . Jackson . . . Jefferson .. Lttwrence . Logan Lorain Lucas Madison . . . Mahoning . Meigs....... Miami Montgomery . Muskmgum . . Paulding Perry Pickaway . Pike Scioto Summit Warren Washington . OKLAHOMA , Beaver Blaine Canadian.. Cleveland . Custer Day Dewey... Garfield . Grant Greer Kay Kingfisher. Lincoln . . . Logan Noble Oklahoma Pawnee Payne Pottawatomie . Roger Mills. Washita Woods Woodward . Kaw reservation Kiowa, Comanche, and Apache reservation . . Osage reservation Wichita reservation PER CENT NEGRO IN total popu- lation. 1900 1.8 3.4 3.1 5.9 2.1 5.5 8.9 3.7 5.0 1.2 1.4 2.2 6.4 5.6 8.2 12.8 4.3 1.7 3.1 5.1 2.2 3,5 4.2 3.1 2.5 1,2 4,7 1,5 3.4 2.7 3.1 2.4 2.8 1.7 2.9 4.2 6.5 2.7 0.8 3.7 3.3 4.7 1890 0.6 10,4 2,3 2,9 1,6 C) 0,8 1,7 0,6 0,1 1.2 13.3 8.0 '23.0 3.2 n.4 1.6 2.2 3.1 .5 0.1 0.1 1.4 0.3 1.5 1.4 3.5 3.4 6.6 2.3 5.6 8.9 4.5 5.3 1.1 1.0 2.3 7.5 6.2 13.6 3.9 2.1 4.3 6.1 2.6 3.0 4.4 3.6 2.8 1.1 4.7 1.3 4.7 3.0 2.5 2.4 1.8 3.7 4.7 7.3 3.1 1.0 3.6 {') 2.6 0.1 1880 m 5.6 1.6 4.1 3.3 7.0 2.7 6.0 8.6 4.9 6.9 1.4 1.1 2.2 7.1 4.5 10.5 14.5 3.4 2.4 3.2 6.8 3.9 3.6 4.6 4.0 3.3 1.6 6.4 1.0 5.6 3.2 1.7 2.7 4.8 0.3 4.6 6.8 8.2 3.6 0.9 4.5 2.9 NEGRO population: 1900. Per cent male. 61.6 52.3 53.8 53.4 52.2 63.6 48.2 51.7 50.1 52.1 53.8 63.3 43.6 52.4 62.9 60.4 50.6 49.1 54.0 48.9 52.4 60.5 51.8 5L4 62,5 60.8 60.3 54.6 65.6 49.8 53.2 48.4 53.9 61.6 48.9 62.5 51.7 51.6 53.6 48.9 61.2 50.5 (') 60.5 60.4 51.4 46.8 Per cent female. 48.4 47.7 46.2 46.6 47.8 46.4 51.8 48.3 49.9 47.9 46.2 46.7 56.4 47.6 47.1 49.6 49.4 60.9 46.0 6L1 47.6 49.5 48.2 48.6 47.6 49.2 49.7 45.4 44.4 60.2 50.1 46.8 6L6 46.1 48.5 6L1 47.5 48.3 48.4 46.4 5L1 48.8 49.5 Per cent illiterate — In popu- lation at least 10 years of age. 49.2 56.2 50.7 50.3 49.4 50.4 50.6 48.4 61.6 64.4 63.3 (1) m 49.5 49.6 48.6 53.2 (1) 50.8 !') (') 43.8 49.3 49.7 60.6 49.4 61.6 48.4 45.6 46.7 e: 17.8 8.3 21.6 18.1 30.0 19.4 20.3 16.2 25.0 21.4 14.1 9.2 19.4 16.4 25.0 19.4 20.9 19.9 15.5 21.5 20.9 11.2 26.6 12.3 7.6 10.9 22.8 12.6 24.0 19.8 16.1 12.9 18.0 23.8 21.9 27.5 17.7 21.4 10.9 21.8 17.7 26.0 30.0 27.8 34.7 19.9 15.0 26.8 28.4 25.2 20.4 23.9 26.9 22.9 3L2 16.3 « iper cent not shown where base is less than 100. 4973— Bull. 8—07 19 > Less than one-tenth of 1 per cent. 286 NEGROES IN THE UNITED STATES. Table 55.— PER CENT NEGEO IN TOTAL POPULATION, 1900, 1890, AND 1880, PER CENT MALE AND FEMALE IN NEGRO POPULATION, AND PER CENT ILLITERATE IN NEGRO POPULATION AT LEAST 10 YEARS OF AGE AND AMONG MALES OF VOTING AGE— Continued. Jlultnomah PENNSYLVANIA - Allegheny. Beaver Beiks Blair Bucks Cambria Chester Cumberland. Dauphin ' Delaware Fayette Franklin Lackawanna . Lancaster Lawrence Luzerne , Lycoming Montgomery .. Northampton . Philadelphia . . Venango Washington Westmoreland , York KHOOE ISLAND . Newport Providence . . Washington . SOUTH CAROLINA . . Abbeville . Aiken Anderson.. Bamberg . . Barnwell.. 66.1 65.4 42.2 67.3 71.6 Beaufort 90.6 Berkeley 78. 7 Charleston . Cherokee... Chester Chesterfield . Clarendon... Colleton Darlington . . Dorchester . . Edgefield.... Fairfield Florence Georgetown . Greenville... Greenwood . . Hampton Horry Kershaw Lancaster . . . Laurens . . . Lexington. Marion Marlboro . . Newberry . Oconee Orangeburg . Fickens Kichland Saluda PER CENT NEGRO IN TOTAL POPU- LATION. 1900 0.8 2.5 3.6 1.7 0.4 0.9 3.1 0.5 9.7 6.6 10.4 4.5 3.6 0.3 1.5 1.0 0.4 1.8 3.2 0.7 4.8 1.1 4.7 1.2 1.4 2.1 1890 0.7 2.0 6.0 1.7 3.9 58.4 68.5 34.6 67.7 71.5 66.6 69.6 61.9 71.2 76.0 58.5 76.6 36.4 66.7 66.8 27.1 59.5 49.8 59.3 37.8 51.6 69.4 65.7 25.8 69.5 24.8 61.6 63.5 Spartanburg 32.3 Sumter 74. 9 Union 57.1 Williamsburg 62. 7 York 52.4 2.4 1.4 0.4 1.1 2.5 0.7 8.6 4.4 5.7 0.2 1.7 0.8 0.4 2.1 2.2 0.6 1.0 4.7 1.1 1.6 1880 0.7 2.0 2.2 1.1 0.4 0.9 2.3 0.4 8.6 4.7 6.0 8.2 3.2 5.1 0.3 2.0 0.7 0.6 1.7 1.8 0.5 3.7 1.3 4.8 0.9 1.6 6.5 1.8 3.1 69.8 67.7 56.8 42.2 68.2 65.2 92.0 86.1 58.5 91.9 '69.'9' 68.2 40.6 69.9 65.1 69.7 64.8 76.0 68.2 80.6 37.9 66.8 28.8 61.8 49.8 68.3 37.9 61.6 61.4 66.1 26.8 68.3 25.2 67.6 33.6 72.9 66.7 4.7 2.1 3.4 67.7 54.0 44.2 68.4 41.9 67.3 66.6 62.5 65.1 75.2 82.: 66.4 31.7 63.4 53.0 60.1 40.2 63.4 61.0 68.9 26.5 68.7 25.8 67.9 34.7 73.1 56.3 67.8 54.1 NEGRO POPULATION: 1900. Per cent male. 59.3 50.6 56.3 53.6 55.0 51.9 50.0 69.7 61.8 45.7 53.4 50.5 67.1 50.9 66.3 50.8 55.7 64.9 44.9 48.8 52.1 46.2 47.9 54.9 68.8 47.8 47.2 Per cent female. 45.1 48.0 47.9 49.0 49.4 49.9 50.5 49.4 49.6 48 3 48.8 46.5 50.1 48.7 48.5 60.6 49.6 49.6 49,5 49.1 47.7 48.8 49.1 60.2 48.7 48.9 49.2 49.1 49.7 61.2 48.6 48.2 49.8 49.5 49.2 51.5 48.5 50.1 50.5 48.6 49.9 47.3 49.8 40.7 49.4 43.7 46.4 46.0 48.1 60.0 40.3 48.2 54.3 46.6 49.5 42.9 49.1 44.7 49.2 44.3 45.1 56.1 51.2 47.9 53.8 62.1 45.1 41.2 52.2 62.8 54.9 62.0 52.1 51.0 50.6 50.1 49.5 50.6 60.4 61.7 51.2 53.5 49.9 61.3 51.5 49.6 60.5 60.6 61.4 50.5 50.9 62.3 61.2 50.9 49.8 61.3 51.1 50.8 60.9 60.3 48.8 61.6 51.8 60.2 60.6 60.8 48.5 51.5 49.9 49.6 51.4 50.1 52.7 50.2 Per cent illiterate- In popu- lation at least 10 years of age. 4.7 15.1 15.9 16.1 16.3 10.0 16.8 19.2 16.6 27.9 21.2 19.1 26.5 32.0 10.8 20.4 10.1 16.4 18.0 14.6 9.8 U.l 13.3 17.0 21.1 19.1 14.1 11.4 16.6 11.7 62.8 68.3 62.6 51.0 62.4 60.1 49.2 58.8 41.3 60.0 62.1 65.0 48.8 66.9 53.7 63.4 61.6 51.7 64.5 46.9 62.2 57.1 67.2 55.3 57.1 54.6 48.6 62.0 67.0 56.6 45.5 48.0 63.7 43.6 57.6 60.6 45.0 52.3 61.9 55.6 Among males of voting age. 9.5 3.8 17.5 19.1 22.9 22.6 10.6 19.7 18.9 34.3 26.5 22.5 31.3 40.4 11.0 22.3 12.2 20.8 23.3 17.9 10.0 10.9 14.6 24.2 26.1 26.7 15*. 4 11.6 17.2 11.9 64.7 59.0 55.1 54.6 47.3 67.9 62.1 60.4 40.9 62.3 65.9 67.6 62.0 64.5 68.4 54.7 63.7 64.8 62.5 61.0 61.9 67.0 59.5 64.3 55.2 58.3 63.3 60.4 51.5 59.7 61.8 48.7 49.1 63.6 46.0 64.6 55.8 48.4 56.1 59.8 69.7 TENNESSEE . Anderson.^ Bedford ... Benton Bledsoe Blount Bradley . . Campbell. Cannon .. Carroll ... Carter Cheatham. Chester Claiborne . Clay Cocke Coffee Crockett Cumberland. Davidson Decatur Dekalb . . . Dickson . . Dyer Fayette... Fentress . . Franklin . Gibson ... Giles Grainger . Greene ... Grundy Hamblen . . Hamilton .. Hancock .. Hardeman Hardin Hawkins . . . Haywood . . . Henderson . Henry Hickman Houston Humphreys . Jackson James Jefferson ... Johnson Knox Lake Lauderdale. Lawrence. Lewis Lincoln Loudon McMinn . . , McNairy. Macon . . . Madison . Marion . . Marshall Maury Meigs Monroe Montgomery . Moore Morgan Obion Overton ... Perry Pickett.... Polk Putnam . . . Rhea Roane Robertson . PER CENT NEGRO IN TOTAL POPU- LATION. 1900 23.8 6.3 26.3 4.5 7.2 8.4 13.2 23.0 4.0 24.4 16.4 20.5 3.5 4.4 6.6 11.6 25.5 6.9 35.7 11.7 6.7 15.7 24.2 73.0 0.4 16.9 26.2 34.6 4.2 6.1 4.0 14.1 31.6 2.4 44.4 13.9 8.9 67.8 14.6 24.8 16.0 16.3 11.3 3.1 9.4 11.7 3.6 15.9 26.9 46.3 6.3 8.8 23.1 12.5 10.4 13.8 6.8 46.1 12.2 22.7 42.5 8.9 6.6 44.9 8.2 6.3 17.1 2.0 7.6 0.2 2.7 4.6 1H.1 11.5 27.3 > Per cent not shown where base is less than 100. 7.8 26.0 6.5 8.2 9.0 13.0 4.1 7.8 24.0 5.2 17.3 19.6 3.4 5.2 7.9 12.6 27.6 0.9 38.2 14.5 7.4 16.4 23.6 71.0 0.9 18.9 26.0 35.2 5.2 6.7 6.9 13.3 33.1 7.0 41.8 13.6 10.2 66.1 14.5 27.8 18.9 15.3 13.3 3.6 10.9 13.1 4.0 18.4 20.3 41.6 6.3 9.9 22.9 16.6 11.9 12.1 7.2 48.1 16.4 23.8 4L7 10.1 8.1 46.6 9.0 4.4 16.9 2.2 8.6 0.3 6.8 4.6 13.6 11.1 27.6 26.1 8.3 28.8 6.5 13.3 10.7 15.2 4.3 9.4 25.2 5.9 5.7 9.8 13.4 26.6 0.9 39.6 14.4 7.8' 17.9 25.9 69.8 1.7 20.5 28.0 39.4 6.7 9.0 9.6 16.7 31.3 5.3 41.9 13.6 12.8 67.4 17.3 30.1 18.6 18.8 14.7' 3.6 12.9 16.8 6.1 18.5 17.4 39.1 7.6 10.0 23.4 19.2 15.4 14.0 9.5 50.1 12.6 26.1 46.6 11.4 9.0 48.1 12.6 5.6 17.8 2.8 7.9 4.7 6.2 10.9 12.5 29.8 NEGRO POPULATION: 1900. Per cent male. 52.8 49.1 62.8 47.4 49.4 47.9 63.7 50.3 48.9 50.6 49.9 62.7 59.1 64.1 49.8 47.4 48.9 81.3 46.7 61.1 48.9 61.6 61.3 60.1 (') 48.6 60.2 48.2 60.8 60.7 53.7 48.9 49.2 64.6 50.1 50.6 48.6 49.1 49.6 49.8 63.6 49.2 50.9 49.6 63.4 49.2 62.2 47.3 64.6 60.4 52.9 68.2 49.9 49.4 48.8 61.7 49.1 47.6 51.1 48.3 52.2 60.5 60.0 48.5 62.2 92.2 49.9 63.8 50.7 (') 66.8 52.1 63.7 63.7 61.3 Per cent female. 50.4 47.2 60.9 47.2 62.6 50.6 52.1 46.3 49.7 61.1 49.6 50.1 47.3 40.9 46.9 50.2 62.6 51.1 18.7 53.3 48.9 51.1 48.4 48.7 49.9 P) 61.6 49.8 61.8 49.2 49.3 46.3 61.1 60.8 46.4 49.9 49.4 61.4 60.9 60.4 60.2 46.4 50.8 49.1 50.4 46.6 50.8 47.8 52.7 46.4 49.6 47.1 41.8 60.1 50.6 51.2 48.3 60.9 62.4 48.9 61.7 47.8 49.5 60.0 6L6 47.8 7.8 60.1 46.2 49.3 (') 43.2 47.9 46,3 46.3 48.7 Per cent illiterate— In popu- lation at least 10 years of age. 41.6 36.9 36.6 51.5 38.7 33.3 44.4 39.0 52.0 36.6 48.8 42.3 60.1 55.1 48.5 43.7 42.9 50.7 42.1 36.2 46.4 36.8 39.7 5L4 (■) 37.0 40.9 46.8 42.9 38.9 39.2 35.4 30.9 63.1 50.0 37.2 46.8 61.0 48.9 43.6 34.4 37.4 44.4 86.0 37.0 39.2 6L4 29.5 37.9 61.0 45.1 44.7 40.0 33.6 88.5 38.^ 39.4 43.8 36.2 42.4 42.5 36.7 43.9 40.7 44.3 73.4 37.5 43.2 45.4 (') 44.4 40.8 36.9 88.4 48.8 GENERAL TABLES. 287 Table 55.— PER CENT NEGRO IN TOTAL POPULATION, 1900, 1890, AND 1880, PEE CENT MALE AND FEMALE IN NEGRO POPULATION, AND PER CENT ILLITERATE IN NEGRO POPULATION AT LEAST 10 YEARS OF AGE AND AMONG MALES OF VOTING AGE— Continued. TENNESSEE— continued. Rutherford . Scott Sequatchie . SCTier Shelby Smith . . . Stewart.. Sullivan. Sumnei . Tipton Trousdale . Unicoi Union Van Buren . . Warren Washington . Wayne Weakley White Williamson. Wilson TEXAS . Anderson . Andrews . Angelina . Aransas . . Archer Armstrong . Austin. . . Bailey... Bandera. Bastrop. . Baylor. . . Bell... Bexar . Blanco . Borden . Bowie . . . Brazoria. Brewster . Briscoe... Brown Buchel . . . Burleson . Burnet . . . Caldwell . Calhoun.. Callahan . Cameron . Camp Carson Castro. ' Chambers . Cherokee . . Childress . . Clay Cochran . . . Coke Coleman Collin Collingsworth . Colorado Comal Comanche Concho Cooke Coryell PER CENT NEGRO IN TOTAL POPU- LATION. 1900 38.7 3.0 1.1 2.6 55.2 15.8 15.4 6.3 25.6 47.7 33.9 2.2 0.6 1.8 12.6 9.5 13.0 7.2 26.8 20.4 41.5 (1) 16.0 11.0 0.1 0.2 3.9 30.0 (■) 1.7 38.6 0.5 6.2 8.4 12.3 4.8 0.3 4.9 38.2 55.3 46.9 3.4 (=) 1.3 1890 45.3 2.5 26.1 11.3 0.3 1.1 47.6 4 39.0 m 27.2 32.6 m 0.5 (') 0.1 0.9 4.9 0.2 43.4 1.0 6.8 2.7 41.1 3.7 2.8 8.2 54.7 16.2 17.9 6.7 26.8 48.5 31.2 4.7 0.9 2.3 14.0 9.6 7.7 15.6 6.9 38.3 27.0 21.8 45.4 (') 9.5 7.5 0.6 m 4.4 29.0 42.9 0.2 8.5 7.9 11.2 4.6 2.3 4.5 37.5 74.1 50.6 1.8 0.6 3.7 44.1 2.9 80.9 20.6 0.6 0.7 49.8 0.3 37.7 (') 3^8 33.5 0.2 1.4 1.1 6.9 i') 45.3 2.8 0.1 1.3 5.5 2.7 1880 44.9 2.6 2.2 4.5 56.0 20.1 21.7 7.1 31.0 50.1 32.2 3.3 2.1 6.3 16.2 9.7 9.5 18.0 8.8 43.8 29.4 24.7 44.7 15.9 7.9 1.2 P) 6.6 27.3 1.4 42.4 0.8 6.7 8.5 12.7 4.7 4.4 39.5 77.0 46.0 42.0 3.6 34.3 81.5 0.7 0.8 48.0 31.7 34.1 (') 0.5 1.0 7.6 (') 46.1 4.9 9 2.1 4.0 3.5 NEGBO population: 1900. Per cent male. 48.1 59.7 (') 48.8 49.8 50.0 49.5 48.2 49.8 51.5 49.6 60.0 0) (') 51.7 52.9 51.8 49.6 49.5 49.7 48.7 50.0 48.6 60.6 43.9 m 50.8 (') 50.0 ^2 48.3 47.8 44.2 (') 52.4 50.1 53.3 51.6 44.7 52.2 49.2 48.9 48.7 75.1 49.9 49.9 51.0 50.4 61.3 (') 49.2 0) 48.4 51.9 Per cent female. 51.9 40. g (1) 51.2 50.2 50.0 50.5 51.8 50.7 48.5 60.4 40.0 (') 0) 48.3 47.1 48.2 50.4 50.5 60.3 51.3 60.0 51.4 39.4 56.1 44.8 49.2 {') 50.0 P) 60.8 51.7 52.2 55.8 P) 47.6 49.9 46.7 48.4 (1) 55.3 47.8 60.8 61.1 51.3 (") 24.9 50.1 50.1 49.0 49.6 48.7 M.8 54.8 61.6 48.1 Per cent illiterate— In popu- lation at least 10 years of age. 44.6 61.9 42.3 39.2 47.2 48.7 31.9 45.3 47.4 45.8 84.7 40.2 37.7 42.0 48.8 53.9 47.2 8.2 42.6 40.4 16.3 (') P) 48.5 44.4 (') 41.9 (') 20.0 29.1 22.0 16.2 %.. 41.7 46.7 44.5 31.8 42.0 46.9 36.0 26.0 0) 13.3 47.2 61.3 41.2 ff 39.7 P) 44.9 22.0 (■) 30.1 29.2 Among males of voting age. 63.6 66.3 (')., 60.0 41.9 62.6 68.7 3V.5 59.2 50.6 58,6 [5! 43.6 48.1 37.6 60.8 65.5 65.1 69.9 46.1 49.2 PI. 63.0 P) 62.0 35.6 20.8 P) 31.6 44.4 54.8 53.1 P) 48.1 P) 6.0 68.0 (').! 52.5 67.5 50.3 (').. 47.6 P). 54.8 PI. 37.6 P) TEXAS — continued. Cottle ... Crane ... Crockett. Crosby. . . Dallam . . Dallas Dawson Deaf Smith . Delta Denton Dewitt .. Dickens . Dimmit.. Donley . . Duval ... Eastland . Ector Edwards . El Paso... Ellis Encinal . Erath.... Falls.... Fannin . . Payette. . Fisher Floyd Foard Foley Fort Bend. Franklin . . Freestone . Frio Gaines Galveston . Garza Gillespie.. Glasscock . Goliad Gonzales . . Gray Grayson Gregg Grimes Guadalupe . Hale Hall Hamilton... Hansford . . . Hardeman. . Hardin Harris Harrison ... Hartley Haskell Hays Hemphill .. Henderson . Hidalgo.... Hill Hockloy . Hood Hopkins. Houston . Howard . Hunt Hutchinson . Irion Jack Jackson Jasper Jefi Davis . Jefferson . . Johnson . . . Jones PER CENT NEGRO IN TOTAL POPU- LATION. 1900 P) 0.5 0.4 P) 16.5 ^\ 6.3 7.3 23.2 ^\ 1.8 0.1 0.3 0.8 0.4 2.6 9.7 1.9 35.9 10.6 28.4 0.1 0.4 P) 10.7 43.9 3.9 19.9 1.1 1.3 3 21.7 29.9 2.7 12.2 65.9 64.9 24.3 0.2 (*) 0.1 0.6 0.6 18.8 31.2 68.1 0.3 0.2 15.1 0.2 21.8 1.6 7.2 P) 2.6 13.6 40.6 3.4 9.2 P) 5 1.1 35.9 42.0 3.7 27.7 3.4 0.1 8'4'.'8 12.6 41.8 8.3 P) 22.3 P) 1.5 P) 27.8 32.6 0.6 12.6 56.9 64.7 29.0 0.4 0.1 0.1 (^) 0.5 24.4 36.3 68.1 4 4 19.1 1.7 24.3 1.2 7.6 3.6 13.8 43.7 2.8 P) 0.2 1.0 56.6 42.5 2.7 37.9 3.8 0.2 1880 P) 14.8 ^] 10.7 6.9 29.1 P) 2.4 0.4 0.4 1.2 11.9 0.1 2.2 41.1 13.4 31.3 0.7 P) 80.0 11.6 44.6 3.1 P) 23.4 P) 2.5 28.6 P) 11.9 56.2 56.2 28.3 'o'4 12.6 38.6 68.3 m Pi 19.5 2.0 21.5 2.6 7.8 3.2 13.9 43.3 P) 7.0 P) 1.8 51.9 4i.9 34.4 3.2 0.7 NEGEO population: 1900. Per cent male. P) 52.6 50.3 62.3 60.1 62.8 52.0 49.2 50.1 64.8 62.0 60.6 65.2 46.3 P) 61.4 l9!3 49.0 P) 49.2 48.7 49.2 49.7 P) 53.9 46.9 48.9 49.9 P) 62.1 46.4 49.6 47.7 49.7 49.7 P) 49.8 P) 46.1 49.4 49.4 P) 50.8 49.2 P) Per cent female. 61.5 P) 47.4 49.7 62.2 49.9 47.2 48.0 50.8 49.9 P) 48.0 49.5 44.8 54.7 48.6 P) 50.7 51.0 ^8 51.3 50.8 50.3 P) 62.3 60.3 60.3 P) 50.2 P) 53.9 60.6 60.6 P) 49.2 60.8 P) Per cent illiterate — In popu- lation at least 10 years of age. « 39.7 36.7 28.8 P) 12.3 31.2 38.7 35.8 33.1 34.5 ^l 62. i 49.8 43.0 P) 24.1 33.6 36.6 P) 34.3 41.8 46.6 31.1 P) 15.8 32.2 43.6 30.2 P) 31.7 m 33.3 31.1 37.0 41.6 P) 34.3 36.8 40.2 P) 24.4 29.5 P) 1 Per cent not shown where base is less than 100. 2 Less than one-tenth of 1 per cent. 288 NEGROES IN THE UNITED STATES. Table 5S.— PER CENT NEGRO IN TOTAL POPULATION, 1900, 1890, AND 1880, PER CENT MALE AND FEMALE IN NEGRO POPULATION, AND PER CENT ILLITERATE IN NEGRO POPULATION AT LEAST 10 YEARS OF AGE AND AMONG MALES OF VOTING AGE— Continued. TEXAS— continued. Kaines Kaufman., Kendall . . , Kent Kerr , Kimble. King... Kinney. Knox. . . Lamai. . Lamb Lampasas . Lasalle Lavaca Lee Leon Liberty Limestone. Lipscomb . Live Oak . . Llano Loving Lubbock ... Lynn McCulloch . McLennan . MoMullen . . Madison.... Marion Martin Mason Matagorda . Maverick... Medina Menard Midland. . . Milam Mills Mitchell... Montague . Montgomery . Moore Morris Motley Nacogdoches . Navarro.. Newton .. Nolan Nueces . . . Ochiltree. Oldham Orange Palo Pinto., Panola Parker Parmer . . Pecos Polk Potter . . . Presidio . Bains Bandall . . . Bed Elver . Beeves Eefuglo ... Eoberts Eobertson . Eockwall.. Ruiinels . . - Busk Sabine San Augustine . San Jacinto San Patricio San Saba PEE CENT NEGEO IN TOTAL POPU- LATION. 1900 7.3 18.3 5.7 P) 3.0 0.2 m 14.3 m 22.6 <4'.'s 2.7 17.4 29.8 38.4 29.2 19.5 m 3.2 O.B 24.1 3.2 23.6 66.5 0.6 1.0 62.2 4.8 4.6 1.0 3.2 26.4 0.2 4.9 0.1 40.7 27.1 20.9 34.1 0.8 5.5 C^) 0.3 17.2 2.4 43.0 ^•'9 33.6 0.8 1.4 0.1 28.2 0.6 28.1 1.6 53.2 4.7 0.6 42.3 27.4 34.6 53.8 1.5 0.8 1890 1880 15.0 12.8 6.3 4.2 0.6 (') 10.6 (>) 24.7 3.2 1.8 25.1 21.9 39.8 48.7 19.5 1.4 28.4 6.7 31.5 65.6 1.5 64.1 3.2 6.2 3.0 21.1 4.3 0.4 51.4 40.6 (') 26.2 24.6 34.6 0.8 8.2 m 15.8 1.4 40.3 3.9 7.0 36.3 (') 14.9 8.2 21.2 48.8 2.8 1.3 48.0 23.9 37.7 53.2 7.3 2.6 NEGEO POPULATION: 1900. Per cent male. Per cent female. 48.2 52.7 48.5 (') 62.5 "bo.'o' 47.6 &]. 50.3 50.0 50.8 61.7 {') 48.8 ^8 48.8 P) P) 51.2 52.« 48.0 P) P) 51.1 P) 49.6 49.4 '5i."6' 60.9 47. B P) 46.6 ^2^8 47.6 50.3 47.7 P) 51.2 !'' P) 48.1 P) 50.6 P) 50.3 60.7 55. 2 S8 BO. 9 49.4 60.6 61. 8 47.3 61.5 52.0 P) 37.6 "eo.'o" 51.1 49.7 60.0 49.2 48.3 P) P) P) 51.2 P) 49.2 51.2 P) S.8 47.2 52.0 P) . P) 48.9 S.7 P) 50.4 49.0 ■ 49.1 52.5 53.4 P) 47.2 52.4 49.7 52.3 P) 48. i ) 52.2 (') 44.2 Per cent illiterate— In popu- lation at least 10 years of 44.7 62.3 45.2 40.3 53.6 50.1 66.1 35.2 46,9 37,6 23,7 43,1 34.0 56,4 38,5 41,4 42.4 11,6 11,5 5,4 32,3 Among males of voting age. 23.6 37.2 ^1 20.2 28.8 29.2 '^4 35,4 42,4 (') 54,7 31,8 '^3,3 27,5 20,6 i'i. 22,9 47,2 29,7 29,8 28,2 56,0 23,6 32,7 38,1 ')■ 35,6 31,9 32,6 27,2 36,9 33,3 22,9 0) 18,3 40.2 0) 16,8 (') 11,4 6.6 1 Per cent not shown where base is less than 100, 2 Less than one-tenth of 1 per cent. 290 NEGROES IN THE UNITED STATES. Table 56.— NEGEO POPULATION, NUMBER OF MULATTOES, AND PER CENT MULATTO IN TOTAL NEGRO POPU- LATION: 1890, 1870, 1860, AND 1850. [EleTenth Census, Popvilation, Part I, Table 10, page 397; and Ninth Census, Population and Social Statistics, Table XXII, pages 607, 608, 611, 613, and 615.] STATE OB TKRKITOEY. Continental United States. North Atlantic division.. New England Maine New Hampshire . Vermont Massachusetts . . . Rhode Island Connecticut Southern North Atlantic. New York New Jersey . . . Pennsylvania . South Atlantic division Northern South Atlantic- Delaware Maryland District of Columbia . Virginia West Virginia Southern South Atlantic. North Carolina. South Carolina. Georgia Florida North Central division. Eastern North Central . Ohio Indiana Illinois Michigan Wisconsin Western North Central. Minnesota Iowa Missouri North Dakota. South Dakota . Nebraska Kansas South Central division. Eastern South Central . Kentucky Tennessee Alabama Mississippi Western South Central. Louisiana . . Arkansas .. Oklahoma . Texas Western division... Rocky Mountain. Montana Idaho Wyoming Colorado New Mexico . . . Basin and Plateau . Arizona Utah Nevada Pacific . Washington. Oregon California... Negro pop- ulation. 7,470,040 269, 906 44,580 1,190 614 937 22,144 7,393 12, 302 225, 326 70, 092 47, 638 107, 596 3,262,690 987, 743 28,386 215, 657 75, 572 635,438 32,690 2,274,947 561,018 688,934 858,815 166, 180 431, 112 207, 023 87, 113 45, 215 57,028 15,223 2,444 224,089 10,685 150, 184 373 541 8,913 49, 710 3,479,251 2, 119, 797 268,071 430, 678 678,489 742, 559 1,359,454 659, 193 309,117 2,973 488, 171 27, 081 10, 784 1,490 201 922 6,215 1,956 2,187 1,3-07 588 242 14, 110 1,602 1,186 11,322 Number of mulattoes. 1,132,060 62, 731 14, 579 683 366 416 8,036 1,997 8,081 48,152 15,2^ 7,202 25,710 438,785 189,541 3,549 34,361 19, 836 122,441 9,354 249,244 77,201 67, 153 85,133 19,757 133,781 76,999 37,035 13,668 16, 682 8,187 1,437 56,782 1,702 3,182 35,445 220 231 2,822 13,180 486, 159 289,036 51,986 74,463 77,420 85,166 197,124 90,953 39,630 817 65,724 10,604 3,901 404 101 251 2,159 425 209 102 5,967 558 629 4,780 1870 Negro pop ulation. 4,880,009 179, 738 31, 705 1,606 580 924 13,947 4,980 9,668 148,033 62,081 30,658 65,294 772,410 22,794 175, 391 43, 404 512,841 17,980 1,444,295 391, 650 415, 814 545, 142 91,689 273,080 130,497 63, 213 24,560 28,762 11,849 2,113 142,583 759 5,762 118,071 789 17, 108 2,204,106 1,464,252 222,210 322, 331 475, 510 444,201 739,854 364,210 122, 169 253,475 6,380 1,054 183 60 183 456 172 501 118 857 4,825 207 346 4,272 Number of mulattoes. 584,049 31,069 9,080 592 144 247 4,261 1,160 2,676 21,989 5,583 3,663 12,853 230,721 110,772 2,224 23, 928 8,032 72, 248 4,340 119,949 37,441 27,829 43, 328 11,351 61,005 38,126 17,839 7,012 7,343 5,415 516 22,880 245 1,093 17,659 51 3,809 258,983 162,228 44, 711 30,302 41, 812 45, 403 96,756 56,600 12,338 27,817 2,271 373 ~i6 87 184 56 67 1,798 151 87 1,560 1S60 Negro pop- ulation. Number of mulattoes. - 4,441,1 24, 711 1,32? 494 709 9,602 3,952 8,627 49,005 25,336 56, 949 2,068,198 756, 981 21,627 171, 131 14, 316 648, 907 1,302,217 361,522 412,320 465,698 62,677 184,239 63,699 ■ 36,673 11,428 7,628 6,799 1,171 120,540 269 1,069 118,503 82 627 2,038,913 1,394,: 236, 167 283,019 437,770 437,404 644,653 350, 373 111, 259 4,244 30 128 4,086 37,427 7,042 634 253 192 3,071 997 1,895 30,385 7,781 3,462 19,142 244,701 126,789 2,979 24,913 5,433 93,464 117,912 44,798 28,314 38,904 5,896 64,483 29,843 16,691 6,447 3,593 3,375 737 24,640 169 568 23,688 47 268 250,060 162,883 47,358 41,878 36,428 37,219 87,177 47,781 14,136 26,260 1,692 52 17 18 1,605 3 62 1,540 'Excludes population of Indian Territory and Indian leservatious. Negro pop- ulation. 149, 762 23,021 1,366 520 718 9,064 3,670 7,693 126, 741 49, 069 24,046 53,626 1,860,871 726,061 20, 363 165, 091 13,746 1,134,810 316, Oil 393,944 384, 613 40, 242 136,607 45, 195 25,279 11,262 5,436 2,683 635 90,412 39 333 90,040 1,491,327 1, 122, 790 220,992 245,881 346, 109 310,808 368,537 262, 271 47,708 58,558 1,241 22 50 1,169 207 962 Number of mulattoes. 405,751 32,901 5,720 461 184 206 2,340 731 1,798 27,181 8,139 3,701 15,341 185, 903 107,087 1,731 21,503 4,078 79, 775 78,816 34,020 16,874 24, 197 3,726 37,861 23,507 14,265 6,321 2,506 1,118 297 14,344 23 156 14,166 148, 806 100, 159 32,359 24, 132 23,303 20,365 48,646 33,918 6,768 7,960 291 16 26 249 162 87 PER CENT MULATTO IN TOTAL NEGRO POPULATION. 23.2 32.7 57.4 59.6 44.4 36.3 27.0 25.0 21.4 21.7 16.1 23.9 19.2 12.5 15.9 26.2 19.3 28.6 11.0 13.8 9.7 11.9 31.0 37.2 42.5 30.2 29.3 53.8 68.8 25.3 46.2 29.8 23.6 59.0 42.7 31.7 26.5 14.0 13.6 19.4 17.3 11.4 11.6 14.6 16.3 12.8 27.5 13.6 39.2 16.2 27.1 50.2 27.2 34.7 60.4 33.7 31.3 35.5 42.1 42.3 34.8 63.0 42.2 1870 17.3 28.6 36.9 24.8 26.7 30.6 23.3 27.7 14.9 10.7 11.6 19.7 10.4 14.3 9.8 13.6 18.5 14.1 24.1 9.6 6.7 7.9 12.4 22.3 29.2 28.2 28.6 25.6 45.7 24.4 16.0 32.3 19.0 16.0 m 6.6 11.1 20.1 9.4 8.8 10.2 13.1 15.6 10.1 11.0 35.6 35.4 47.5 40.4 32.6 20.0 28.0 18.8 37.3 72.9 26.1 36.6 1860 13.2 24.0 28.5 47.8 61.2 27.1 32.0 26.2 22.0 23.1 15.9 13.7 33.6 11.9 13.8 14.6 38.0 17.0 9.1 12.4 6.9 8.4 9.4 29.6 46.9 45.5 47.7 47.1 49.6 62.9 20.4 65.3 63.1 19.9 42.7 12.3 11.7 20.1 14.8 8.3 8.5 13.6 13.6 12.7 13.8 87.8 33.7 37.8 48.4 37.7 18S0 11.2 22.0 24.8 34.0 35.4 28.7 26.8 19.9 23.4 21.4 16.6 15.4 28.6 10.0 '■' Per cent not shown where base is less than 100. 14.7 8.6 13.0 29.7 15.1 6.9 10.8 4.3 27.9 52.0 56.4 47.2 46.1 43.3 15.9 46.5 15.7 10.0 14.6 9.8 6.6 18.2 12.9 14.2 13.6 23.4 21.3 78.3 9.0 GENERAL TABLES. 291 Table 5T — NUMBEH OF CHILDREN UNDER 5 YEARS OF AGE AND NUMBER OF FEMALES 15 TO 44 YEARS OF AGE, FOR THE NEGRO, INDIAN, AND MONGOLIAN POPULATION: 1900, 1890, AND 1880. NEGBO, IHDIAN, AND MONGOLIAN POPULATION. BTATK OR TERRITORY. 1900 1890 1880 Number of children under 5 years of age to 1,000 females 15 to 44 years of age. Females 15 to 44 years of age. Children under 5 years oi age. Females 15 to 44 years of age. Children under5years of age. Females 15 to 44 years of age. Children under 5 years of age. 1900 1890 ISSO United States 2,157,297 1,259,809 684 Continental United States 2,138,904 1, 250, 676 1,703,457 1,055,045 1,468,424 1,114,365 585 619 759 North Atlantic division 119, 616 35,481 76,247 24,985 63,247 26,126 297 328 413 New England 17,855 5,576 12,683 4,137 11,139 4,434 312 326 398 484 224 189 9,643 2,678 4,637 101,^1 210 41 76 3,034 795 1,420 29,905 412 143 202 6,394 2,172 3,360 63,564 160 50 100 2,006 659 1,162 '20,848 474 186 204 5,332 1,862 3,082 52,108 217 92 119 2,082 652 1,272 21,692 434 183 402 316 297 306 294 388 360 495 314 303 346 328 458 Nfiw Hampshirfi 497 583 ■Massachusetts 390 Rhode Island 360 Connecticut 413 Southern North Atlantic 416 New York 34,390" 21,045 46,326 867,039 8,661 6,459 14,895 546,264 21,245 13, 128 29, 191 732,443 5,899 4,531 10,418 466,963 18,694 10, 038 23,376 642,690 6,863 4,666 10,178 505,542 249 307 322 630 278 345 367 638 367 New Jersey 465 Pennsylvania 436 South Atlantic division 787 Northern South AtlantiCv 265,640 134,188 233,018 126, 839 217,409 151,181 ^ 626 644 695 7,265 58,274 28,645 152,138 9,328 611, 399 3,623 28,121 7,288 90,363 4,793 412, 066 6,433 52,142 23,388 144,193 6,862 499,426 3,356 26,858 7,003 86,709 3,914 340,114 6,023 50,035 17,925 137,885 5,541 425,181 3,809 30,714 7,679 105,107 3,872 364,361 499 483 254 694 514 674 522 516 299 594 570 681 632 Maryland 614 pistrict of nnlnmhifl 428 Virginia 762 "West Virginia 699 Southern South Atlantic 833 145,066 176,046 237, 252 53,036 139,122 97,811 125,278 167,209 31,768 51,497 124,635 147, 649 189,542 37, 599 107,630 82,367 106,296 128,094 23,357 48,874 113,467 127,618 166,011 28,p86 93, 766 95,038 110,617 127, 592 21,114 54,682 674 712 663 599 370 661 720 676 621 455 838 South Carolina 867 81S Florida 752 682 Eastern North Central 69, 771 23,734 62,283 22,303 46,046 26,214 340 427 560 Ohio 24, 714 14,921 22,707 6,163 2,266 69,351 8,574 5,088 6,762 2, 061 1,249 27,763 21,231 11,020 13,962 4,829 1,261 55,247 8,888 4,766 6,698 2,187 764 26,571 18,731 9,268 10,558 6,246 1,244 48,720 10,232 5,226 6,014 2,905 837 29,368 347 341 298 399 661 400 419 432 408 453 611 481 646 564 Illinois 670 554 WiscOTTsin 673 Western North Central 603 3,147 3,193 42,043 1,395 4,246 2,434 12,893 982,866 1,872 1,018 14,812 1,068 3,005 807 5,191 601,832 1,335 2,531 36,832 133 269 2,701 11,446 771,398 424 1,159 17,524 69 132 1,203 6,060 508,224 868 2,260 34,993 } 444 620 9,535 652, 324 573 1,178 20,749 295 353 6,220 521, 211 595 319 352 1 7,68 1 708 332 403 612 318 468 476 519 491 445 529 659 660 621 593 North Dakota [ 664 669 652 South Central division 799 Eastern South Central 682,829 348,455 474, 849 303,584 420,719 330,296 698 639 785 69,914 114,669 191,055 207, 191 400,037 31,723 62,408 119,293 135,031 253,377 62,367 98,511 151,271 162,700 296,549 34,257 59, 958 97,349 112,020 204,640 62,659 89,102 130,489 138,469 231,606 41, 630 68,568 108,397 116,701 190,915 454 544 624 652 633 549 609 644 689 690 664 Tennessee - 770 792 843 Western South Central 824 149,756 83,949 18,466 6,686 141,180 30,261 92,875 51,262 14,439 4,218 90,583 15,612 123,751 66,876 84,147 45,716 106,150 43,847 81,289 37,836 620 611 782 631 642 516 680 684 773 Arkansas 863 Oklahoma 649 105,273 16,839 346 74,431 6,009 82,' 608" 16,497 71,' 790' 6,904 533 707 379 869 Western division 419 10,089 5,168 4,983 1,869 4,035 2,047 512 373 507 2,707 879 560 2,861 3,082 7,566 1,687 630 341 712 1,898 4,632 506 133 194 1,731 2,419 1,652 162 49 53 436 1,159 700 536 157 148 690 2,505 2,243 411 42 63 226 1,306 911 623 603 609 249 616 612 320 368 273 252 479 424 768 268 426 326 B21 Basin and Plateau 406 •6,719 681 1,165 12; 607 3,695 349 688 6,812 464 240 948 9,204 190 114 396 3,450 850 269 1,124 10,219 460 116 336 3,946 646 612 605 461 409 475 418 375 541 Utah 431 298 Pacific ..-* 386 2,807 1,535 8,265 6,109 12, 25 J 25 1,468 802 3,542 3,053 6,080 1,226 743 7,235 448 287 2,715 1,195 676 8,348 761 296 2,889 523 522 429 500 496 365 386 375 637 438 346 Alaska Hawaii ■ ■ 292 NEGROES IN THE UNITED STATES. Table 58.— NUMBER OF CHILDEEN UNDER 5 YEARS OF AGE AND NUMBER OF FEMALES 15 TO 44 YEARS OF AGE FOR THE NEGRO, INDIAN, AND MONGOLIAN POPULATION: 1900 AND 1890. / NEGEO, INDIAN, AND MONGOLIAN POPULATION. 1900 1890 Number of children under 5 years of age to 1,000 females 15 to 44 years of age. STATE OK TEEEITORY. Females 15 to 44 years of age. Children under 5 years of age. Females 15 to 44 years of age. Children under 5 years of age. 1000 1890 In cities "having at least 25,000 inhabit- ants. In country districts. In cities having at least 25,000 inhabit- ants. In country districts. In cities having at least 25,000 inhabit- ants. In country districts. In cities having at least 26,000 inhabit- ants. In country districts. In cities having at least 25,000 inhabit- ants. In country districts. In cities having at least 25,000 inhabit- ants. In country districts. United States 366,983 1,790,314 96,166 1,163,643 262 650 Continental United States 364, 567 1,774,337 94,788 1,165,888 246, 385 1,468,072 74,849 980,196 260 651 305 672 North Atlantic division 76,753 42,863 19, 347 16,134 43,382 32,866 11, 620 13, 366 252 376 268 407 New England 10,828 7,027 3,255 2,821 7,388 5,295 2,221 1,916 301 330 301 362 72 9 412 215 189 2,447 1,191 2,573 36,836 31 2 179 39 76 848 329 860 13,813 68 9 344 134 202 1,662 973 1,980 27,570 7 4 163 46 100 698 306 713 11,449 0) 434 181 402 347 276 330 385 (■) 446 343 7,196 1,487 2,064 66,926 2,186 466 570 16, 092 4,732 1,199 1,380 36, 994 1,408 353 449 9,399 304 313 276 244 298 294 325 261 360 314 Connecticut 360 Southern North Atlantic 415 New York 25,063 8,800 32,062 117,666 9,327 12,245 14,264 749,374 5,221 2,276 8,696 31,603 3,330 4,183 6,300 614,651 13, 943 4,331 17,720 92,694 7,302 8,797 11,471 639,749 3,151 1,350 4,898 28,787 2,748 3,181 5,620 438,166 208 259 268 269 367 342 442 687 226 312 276 311 376 Nsw Jersey 362 Pennsylvania . 481 Bouth Atlantic division 685 Northern South Atlantic 75,075 180,565 19,570 114,618 63,249 169,769 18, 593 108, 246 261 635 294 638. Delaware . . 2,904 26,162 28,645 17,022 342 42,590 4,351 32,112 849 6,710 7,288 4,665 58 12, 033 2,774 21,411 2,186 22, 102 23,388 15,297 276 29,446 4,247 30,040 669 6,392 7,003 4,472 67 10,194 2,696 20,466 292 256 254 274 170 283 638 667 301 289 299 292 243 346 635 DiHtrint nf rinlnmhin. Virginia 136, 116 8,986 668,809 85, 618 4,735 400, 033 97,811 122,216 149,782 30,224 38,160 128, 896 6,686 469,980 81,237 3,847 329, 920 634 527 703 630 West Virginia 584 Southern South Atlantic 702 145, 066 166, 242 209,466 48,045 80,219 124,636 138, 672 169,074 37,599 69,625 82,367 102,841 121,356 23,367 37, 742 674 735 715 629 476 South Carolina 9,804 27, 796 4,990 58,903 3,062 7,427 1,544 13,347 8,977 20,468 3,466 6,739 312 267 309 227 385 329 742 621 642 North Central division 37,905 11,132 294 Eastern North Central 33,211 36,660 7,626 16,108 18,939 33,344 6,283 17,020 230 441 279 510 Ohio 11,785 7,531 11,850 1,646 399 25,692 12, 929 7,390 10,867 3,517 1,867 43,659 2,829 2,028 2,324 370 ; 75 5,721 6,745 3,060 4,438 1,691 1,174 22,042 8,097 4,417 4,997 1,304 124 18,966 13,134 6,603 8,956 3,525 1,127 36,281 2,430 1,407 1,043 353 50 5,849 6,458 3,359 4,665 1,834 714 20, 722 240 269 196 225 188 223 444 414 409 481 629 505 300 319 209 fo^ 308 492 509 520 520 634 671 Indiana Illinois Michigan Western North Central Minnesota. 1,210 863 18,983 1,937 2,330 23,060 1,395 4,246 987 9,704 877,474 271 205 , 4,021 1,601 813 10,791 1,068 3,005 508 4,271 572,903 855 498 13,516 480 2,033 23,316 133 269 1,179 8,871 704, 069 182 169 3,809 242 990 13,715 69 132 639 4,936 485,933 224 238 212 827 349 468 758 708 510 440 683 213 339 282 604 487 588 619 491 542 656 «90 North Dakota South Dakota Nebraska.. 1,447 3,189 105,392 304 920 28,929 1,622 2,676 67,329 664 1,125 22,291 210 288 274 371 437 331 Kansas . South Central division 63,633 519, 196 16, 943 331,512 37, 783 437,066 11, 427 292, 157 266 639 302 668 16,194 30,912 16,527 53,720 83,767 174,528 207, 191 358,278 3,712 8,742 4,489 28,011 63, 666 114,804 135,031 241,391 9,267 20,990 7,526 53,100 77,521 143,745 162,700 267,003 2,444 6,649 2,334 31,813 63, 309 96,015 112, 020 193,776 229 283 272 521 641 658 652 674 264 317 310 599 Alabama Mississippi 689 Western South Central 41,769 11, 986 29,546 10,864 287 368 Louisiana 23,181 4,356 126,575 79,594 18,466 6,686 126, 957 24,407 7,186 1,166 85,689 60,096 14,439 4,218 86,949 14,050 18,015 2,816 105, 736 64,061 6,787 1,033 77, 360 44,683 310 268 677 629 782 631 685 676 377 367 Indian Territory Oklahoma 649 96,667 11, 764 346 71,387 4,990 633 Texas 14, 223 5,864 3,634 1,662 8,716 4,076 3,044 1,019 266 267 349' 260 Western division 739 1,739 8,350 360 4,808 912 4,071 219 1,640 207 676 240 403 Montana Idaho 88 2,619 879 660 1,210 3,082 7,473 16 1,672 630 841 367 1,898 4,606 506' 133 194 819 2,419 1,597 162 49 53 217 1,189 684 (') 638 603 609 303 616 616 320 368 , 273 265 Wyoming Colorado New Mexico "'"'i,"65i' 345' 9i2' 'iig' 269" 246" Basin and Plateau 92 27 65 16 (■) (M 428 Arizona Utah Nevada 92' 6,719 589 1,165 8,584 27' 3,695 322 588 4,637 55' 464 185 948 6,096 K 190 98 396 2,666 ■"""("'")■""■ 64« 547 605 540 ......... 409 530 4,023 1,175 3,108 784 292 252 418 437 Washington 428 463 3,132 ""2,'4i6' 2,379 1,072 5,133 6; 109 9,843 25 100 95 980 1,368 707 2,562 3,063 4,702 235 279, 2,594 991 464 4,641 34 55 695 414 232 2,020 234 205 318 575 660 499 500 478 '145 197 268 418 600 Alaska 435 Hawaii Military a"d naval i,378 1 670 ' i-er 1,000 not shown where base is less than 100 GENERAL TABLES. 293 Table 59 — NUMBER OF CHILDREN UNDER 5 YEARS OF AGE AND NUMBER OF FEMALES 15 TO 44 YEARS OF AGE FOR THE NEGRO, INDIAN, AND MONGOLIAN POPULATION: 1900 AND 1890. CITY HAVINQ AT LEAST 25,000 INHABITANTS IN 1900. Birmingham. Mobile Montgomery . ARKANSAS. Little Rock CALIFORNIA. Los Angeles Oaldand Sacramento San Francisco . NEGRO, INDIAN, AND MONGOLIAN POPULATION. 1900 Females 15 to 44 years o£ age. Children under 5 years o£ age. COLORADO. Denver. Pueblo . CONNECTICDT. Bridgeport . . . Hartford New Britain . New Haven.. Waterbury . . . DELAWARE. Wilmington DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA, Washington FLORIDA. Jacksonville GEORGIA. Atlanta Augusta Savannah HAWAII. Honolulu Chicago East St. Louis . Joliet Peoria Quincy Rockford Springfield — Evansville . . . Fort Wayne.. Indianapolis . South Bend . . Terre Haute . Cedar Rapids . . Council Bluffs . Davenport Des Moines Dubuque Sioux City Kansas Cily. Topeka KENTUCKY. Covington . Lexington . Louisville.. Newport... 5,675 6,320 6,532 ,355 700 311 168 1,953 1,284 867 392 606 62 2,904 28,645 12,351 5,875 9,570 2,416 9,573 464 178 879 613 61 692 2,161 79 4,702 156 433 67 65 137 484 21 1,820 1,369 3,171 12, 099 126 1,421 1,429 1,639 236 58 62 636 242 103 166 10 244 62 1,544 8,319 1,709 2,399 1,625 152 60 105 166 14 212 639 28 1,167 47 147 528 892 170 763 2,747 42 1890 Females 15 to 44 years of age. 459 179 912 281 396 644 59 23, 888 Children under 5 years of age. 8,591 4,636 7,241 4,264 219 614 1,467 64 2,607 279 69 316 33 81 1,278 1,297 629 136 66 39 465 71 118 241 19 2,948 1,637 2,154 842 58 143 490 20 788 31 104 12 22 543 682 152 '•2,'292 Number of chil- dren under 6 years of age to 1,000 fe- males 15 to 44 years of age. 1900 1S90 250 269 296 186 310 825 188 281 250 257 0) 294 837 269 291 251 170 828 281 277 271 296 248 801 307 200 290 286 213 237 227 280 387 367 294 869 293 250 263 0) 301 343 353 297 265 278 334 d, ('). 380 425 449 242 '265 NEGRO, INDIAN, AND MONGOLIAN POPULATION. CITY HAVING AT LEAST 25,000 INHABITANTS IN 1900. LOUISIANA. New Orleans MAINE. Portland MARYLAND. Baltimore MASSACHUSETTS. Boston Brockton .. Cambridge . Chelsea Fall River . Fitchburg . Gloucester . Haverhill.. Holyoke. .. Lawrence . . Lowell Lynn Maiden New Bedford . Newton Salem Somerville . Springfield. Taunton Worcester.. MICHIGAN. Bay City Detroit Grand Rapids. .Tackson Saginaw MINNESOTA. Duluth Minneapolis . St. Paul Joplin ■. Kansas City. St. Joseph . . . St. Louis Butte . NEBRASKA. Lincoln Omaha South Omaha . 1900 Females 15 to 44 years of NEW HAMPSHIRE. Manchester NEW JERSEY. Atlantic City. Bayonne Camden Elizabeth Hoboken Jersey City. Newark Passaic Paterson . . . Trenton 23, 181 26, 162 3,570 96 1,144 206 146 16 13 109 16 23 42 191 142 480 222 48 49 316 42 326 41 1,224 177 117 87 148 475 587 241 6,915 1,767 11, 070 246 1,082 119 2,148 111 1,629 365 26 1,137 2,210 186 420 669 Children under 5 years of age. 946 42 448 88 18 39 7 7 9 92 74 144 50 12 19 72 20 102 12 300 23 16 19 83 104 134 61 1,076 481 2,403 Females 16 to 44 years of age. 61 219 24 877 32 522 127 22 317 605 89 115 120 18,015 22, 102 2,473 19 190 52 73 175 48 24 242 181 "84 Children under 5 years of age. 6,787 6,392 605 9 228 77 24 14 268 60 345 441 4,432 1,080 8,004 1,214 Numberof chil- dren under 5 years of age to 1,000 fe- males 16 to 44 years of age. 1900 1890 310 (>) 265 0) 392 403 123 0) 0) 0) 48; 1,098 332 2,379 187 877 1,426 238 12 1,835 202 440 495 84 6 196 364 130 137 228 219 228 268 182 274 217 248 307 297 248 202 202 607 311 [') 0) 64 151 176 288 320 348 (') 279 274 211 274 211 (■) 289 273 267 343 1 Per 1,000 not shown where base is less than 100. 294 NEGROES IN THE UNITED STATES. Table 59.— NUMBER OF CHILDREN UNDER 5 YEARS OF AGE AND NUMBER OF FEMALES 15 TO 44 YEARS OF AGE FOR THE NEGRO, INDIAN, AND MONGOLIAN POPULATION: 1900 AND 1893— Continued. CITY HAVING AT LEAST 26,000 INHABITANTS IN 1900. NEW YORK. Albany Auburn Binghamton Buffalo Elmira New York '.. Rochester Schenectady Syracuse Troy Utioa .. Yonkers , OHIO. Akron Canton Cincinnati Cleveland Columbus Dayton Springfield Toledo ,. Youngstown OREGON. Portland PENNSYLVANIA. Allegheny Allentown Altoona Chester Easton Erie Harrisburg Johnstown Lancaster McKeesport Newcastle Philadelphia PitUbuig Reading Scran ton Wilkesbarre Williamsport York NEGBO, INDIAN, AND MONGOLIAN POPULATION. 1900 1890 Females Children Females Children 15 to 44 under 5 15 to 44 under 5 years or years of years of years of age. age. age. age. 341 69 267 74 140 34 108 29 148 38 148 38 508 118 352 85 175 ■ 56 165 61 22,574 4,636 8,585 1,692 185 53 185 47 53 5 82 333 241 77 149 22 173 36 61 16 67 18 396 92 178 40 135 60 121 64 32 11 30 11 4,609 996 3,634 908 1,801 376 850 232 2,291 574 1,452 448 1,011 248 603 227 1,093 372 946 409 682 117 304 79 231 75 157 62 463 95 279 55 858 295 661 256 26 6 10 2 102 38 91 64 1,220 385 34 13 82 70 60 27 1,183 345 930 343 74 19 78 230 178 74 187 90 85 5,341 125 22,106 13,215 3,154 4,786 1,537 1,927 702 149 50 88 46 150 56 70 40 172 71 168 67 318 126 322 133 225 7g Number of chil- dren under 5 years of age to 1,000 , fe- males 15 to 44 years of age. 1900 1890 202 243 267 232 320 205 286 '^46 148 C) 232 444 (■) 216 209 251 245 340 201 325 205 344 (') 373 316 0) (') 292 C) 339 481 280 242 321 336 373 413 396 277 269 257 241 370 197 320 208 d. d. 250 273 376 432 260 395 387 (\ 239 364 399 413 CITY HAVINO AT LEAST 25,000 INHABITANTS IN 1900. EHODE ISLAND. Pawtucket.. Providence . Woonsocket. SOUTH CAROLINA. Charleston TENNESSEE. Chattanooga . Knoxville ... Memphis Nashville Dallas Fort Worth.. Galveston Houston San Antonio . Salt Lake City . Norfolk.... Richmond . WASHINGTON. Seattle'... Spokane . Tacoma . . WEST VIRGINIA. wheeling WISCONSIN. Lacrosse ... Milwaukee . Oshkosh Racine Superior NEGRO, INDIAN, AND MONGOLIAN POPULATION. 1900 Females 16 to 44 years of age. 62 1,432 4,026 2,410 14,822 9,664 3,016 1,366 2,790 4,803 2,248 92 6,571 10,451 192 134 102 23 271 13 20 72 Children under 5 years of 22 444 1,097 596 4,568 2,481 720 361 691 1,144 718 1,918 2,747 88 1890 Females 15 to 44 years of age. 1,166 8,642 2,098 2,966 1,369 55 4,943 10,354 127 11 113 Children under 5 years of 10 3,455 2,525 2,765 614 1,053 579 1,700 2,772 67 Numberof chil- dren under 5 years of age to 1,000 fe- males 15 to 44 years of age. 1900 1890 310 312 272 247 264 248 238 819 (') 292 263 224 149 '^85 (}) 294 406 292 307 293 359 0) 344 26S 134 'i57 (').. 372 1 Per 1,000 not sUowa wliere base is less than 100. 296 NEGROES IN THE UNITED STATES. Table 60.— NUMBER AND ACREAGE OF FARMS OPERATED BY NEGROES, VALUE OF SPECIFIED CLASSES OF AND FERTILIZERS, WITH AVERAGES, BY STATES STATE OR TEKEITORY. NCMBEE OF FARMS. acreage: JUNE 1, 1900. VALUE OF FARM PROPERTY: JUNE 1, 1900. Total. With build- ings. Total. Improved. Per cent im- proved. Total. Land and improve- ments (except buildings). •I Buildings. Implements and machinery. Live stock. 1 United States I Continental United States'. North Atlantic division . . New England 746, 717 716,514 38,233,933 23,362,798 61.1 8499,943,734 $324,244,397 $71,903,316 $18,859,757 ■$84,936,265 2 746,715 716,612 38,233,920 23,362,786 61.1 499, 941, 234 324,242,997 71,902,265 18,869,767 84,936,215 3 1,761 1,724 84,407 55,079 66.3 4,776,245 2,664,718 1,465,500 206,777 439, 260 4 264 261 13,038 5,708 43.8 582,861 320,384 196,330 21,428 45,709 5 24 10 8 87 28 107 1,497 24 10 8 87 28 104 1,463 1,043 562 1,246 3,967 2,084 4,136 71,369 387 181 67i 1,787 834 1,848 49, 371 37.1 32.2 63.9 45.0 40.0 44.7 69.2 24,012 12,620 60,350 196, 880 65,450 224, 639 4, 193, 394 11,460 4,740 43,000 101,784 37, 150 122,260 2,344,334 8,490 5,350 10,200 73,250 19,960 78,090 1,270,170 1,318 850 1,430 7,055 3,360 7,425 186,349 2,744 1,680 5,720 13,791 6,000 16,774 393,641 6 7 New Hampshire Vermont 8 q Massachusetts Ehode Island 1 Southern North Atlantic New York ? 443 469 585 287, 933 436 452 676 278, 308 26,736 19,205 25,429 15,573,561 17,013 14,181 18,177 . 8,874,506 63.6 73.8 71.5 57.0 1, 114, 787 1,047,178 2,031,429 162,841,284 553,314 626,730 1,264,290 106, 251, 076 363, 000 370,190 636,980 26,668,379 65,594 53,440 66,315 6,879,229 132,879 96,818 163,844 24,052,600 3 4 6 Pennsylvania South Atlantic division,.. Northern South Atlantic 6 52,213 61,004 2,695,924 1,421,094 62.7 36,224,811 21,006,760 7,981,646 1,366,065 4,870,461 7 817 6,842 17 44,795 742 236, 720 803 5,731 ■ 17 43,735 718 227,304 52,568 374,276 ,308 2,227,198 . 41, 684 12,877,637 34,608 238,644 232 1,124,644 23,066 7,463,412 66.8 63.8 76.3 50.5 56.6 57.9 1,393,830 8,208,672 304,592 24,490,106 827,711 127, 616, 473 870,720 4,848,120 276,300 14,457,960 563,670 86, 244, 316 302,730 2,037,240 16,200 6,491,185 134,190 18,676,834 73,230 331,400 9,790 929,886 21,750 4,513,174 147,150 991,812 2,302 3,611,086 118,101 19,182,149 8 Maryland 9 District of Columbia. . Virginia 1 2 West Virginia Southern South Atlantic North Carolina South Carolina 3 4 6 53, 996 86,381 82,822 13,621 . 12,265 62,262 82,078 79,882 13,082 11,665 2,894,210 3,791,510 6,474,889 717, 028 787,071 1,437,313 2,273,501 3,322,696 420,002 566,073 49.7 60.0 60,7 58.6 71.9 28,458,176 43,992,879 48,698,931 6,466,487 24,608,046 18,850,775 30,186,395 32,612,900 3,694,246 17, 926, 162 4,979,727 6,741,625 6,818,890 1, 136, 692 2,933,377 941, 010 1,592,615 1,683,910 296,639 723,125 3,686,664 6,472,244 7,683,231 1,340,010 3,025,381 6 Florida 7 North Central division... Eastern North Central . . 8 5,179 4,897 284,606 221,560 77.8 11,635,146 8,527,675 1,468,470 325,208 1,212,893 9 n Ohio Indiana 1,966 1,043 1,486 626 58 7,076 1,865 982 1,389 G06 66 6,768 105,494 52, 261 83,107 38,259 6,496 602, 465 85,792 42,448 64,164 26, 694 2,462 344,623 81.3 81.2 77.2 69.8 44.8 68.6 4, 297, 922 2,336,581 3,326,319 1,441,866 132,468 13,072,899 3,147,105 1, 741, 460 2,584,730 963,995 90,285 9,398,587 671,525 284,960 339, 510 253,110 19, 365 1,464,907 119, 326 60,135 86,320 55,946 4,483 396, 917 469,967 250,026 315,769 168,816 18,326 1,812,488 1 Illinois ? Michigan.... «30 643,747 213,782 117,629 976 789 499 673 767 644 600 309 428 500 153 107 66 91 100 32 38 21 26 29 146 144- 104 128 138 313 327 316 405 370 270 285 286 370 331 6.78 6.24 5.70 8.06 6.44 10 7 13 10 11 1 1 6 2 1 44 45 46 47 48 . 20,989,114 17,968,351 1,486,662 739,655 24,367,070 207, 034 1,813,294 1,925,035 220,698 128,143 2, 824, 165 35, 603 19,175,820 16,043,316 1,266,064 611, 512 21,542,905 171, 531 60.5 46.9 28.8 20.9 38.3 16.3 661,365 549,280 43,596 17,583 607, 069 29, 612 78,405 26, 040 664 728 1,072 1,295 868 3,117 416 482 ■660 847 672 2,133 96 90 111 95 109 329 25 27 61 47 33 107 117 129 360 306 144 648 361 382 363 328 372 614 330 341 309 271 329 509 8.18 6.97 3.60 2.29 5.62 2.26 11 12 11 8 9 88 1 1 4 49 50 .51 .52 13,184 1,187 53 64 58 248 9,277 48,971 19.2 5,561 495 2,468 1,678 . 294 108 37S 560 471 1.36 53 6 55 12,262 8,244 781 32,852 4,109 1,929 652 104 6,079 513 5,927 10,333 7,592 677 26,773 3,696 15,182 22.1 32.8 21.8 17.8 11.1 11.9 1,870 1,500 25 1,600 566 6,368 75 120 2,222 2,574 1,654 2,592 2,305 4,392 1,422 1,841 800 1,772 1,688 2,304 263 206 300 330 246 402 130 167 200 92 97 119 407 371 254 398 274 1,567 584 916 391 .566 294 728 492 844 338 461 257 524 2.34 6.87 0.85 2.43 0.19 3.70 89 167 12 28 40 220 4 13 5" 58 67 ,58 300 59 60 61 13,619 2,552 4,938 127 677 1,805 417 3,705 20,299 11,814 2,135 1,233 107,378 17.9 10.3 3.0 16.1 3,965 103 2,300 17,683 4,398 1,880 ■ 13, 673 3,272 1,797 1,391 8,183 2,341 423 259 817 337 166 74 105 104 2,022 166 4,468 490 908 232 1,646 626 788 194 411 526 6.39 3.29 0.77 2.98 264 9 767 87 3 62 63 64 692 65 23,321 9,749 94,607 710 6,561 1,709 13,029 17,760 8,040 81, 578 710 13.6 20.9 16.4 28.4 1,755 515 15,413 2 2,386 2,744 3,687 1,250 1,696 1,664 2,673 700 307 349 347 525 72 86 120 311 645 547 26 424 696 701 355 323 574 604 355 2.22 3.20 3.20 54.62 32 37 114 5 66 67 690 68 69 L 298 NEGROES IN THE UNITED STATES. Table 61.— NUMBER OF FAEMS OPERATED BY NEGEOES, CLASSIFIED BY TENUEE, BY STATES AND TEEEITORIES ARRANGED GEOGEAPHICALLY: 1900. Total number of farms. FAKMS OPEBATED BY OWNERS. Farms operated by managers. FARMS OPERATED BY TENANTS. STATE OB TERRITORY. Total. Owners. Part owners. Owners and tenants. Total. Cash tenants. • Share tenants. United States I 746,717 187,799 166,372 29,956 1,471 1,744 567,174 273,560 283,614 746,715 187,797 166,370 29,966 1,471 1,744 667,174 273,560 283, 614 1,761 1,150 1,031 113 6 67 544 304 240 New England 264 197 190 6 1 13 64 46 8 24 10 8 87 28 107 1,497 22 8 7 67 16 77 953 22 7 6 65 16 74 841 1 1 2 1 16 11 23 490 1 2 1 13 11 18 258 1 1 2 4 1 7 64 3 2 107 1 5 5 232 Npw York -- 443 469 585 287, 933 326 280 347 84,389 276 245 320 69,641 46 35 26 14,266 4 12 19 23 966 105 170 215 202,578 49 66 143 100,623 66 104 1 482 72 102,066 52,213 30,659 26, 429 4,083 147 368 21,186 7,606 13,580 817 6,842 17 44,795 742 235,720 331 3,262 6 26,527 534 53,730 296 2,882 4 22, 770 477 43,212 34 371 1 3,623 64 10,183 1 9 15 105 2 238 8 598 471 2,475 10 18,030 200 181,892 75 562 10 6,891 68 92,917 396 1,913 134 3 335 11, 139 132 88,475 58,996 85,381 82,822 13,521 12,255 16,834 18,970 11,376 6,561 6,972 12,566 15,603 9,547 6,606 6,078 4,194 3,376 1,762 851 1,766 84 91 66 94 128 119 180 208 91 109 37,043 66,231 7i,239 6,879 6,174 10,271 42,425 34,726 5,495 1,708 26,772 23,806 36,513 Florida 1,384 3,466 5,179 3,064. 2,347 655 62 45 2,070 681 1,489 1,966 1,043 1,486 626 58 7,076 1,236 687 724 472 45 3,908 1,001 374 643 391 38 2,731 219 184 170 77 6 1,111 16 29 11 4 2 66 28 9 5 3 702 447 767 151 IS 3,104 212 120 217 28 4 1,127 490 327 640 123 9 64 1,977 31 200 4,950 18 17 78 1,782 444,429 18 107 2,657 13 15 45 1,053 95,029 16 72 1,901 8 10 30 694 80,386 2 35 704 5 5 14 346 13,789 2 4 37 11 89 2,256 5 2 29 712 348,805 5 50 831 2 6 39 62 1,425 s North Dakota South Dakota 2 1 13 854 4 17 695 10 229 170,999 19 483 177,806 ^Eastern South Central 267,530 49,888 41,310 8,100 478 324 217,318 125,034 92,284 11,227 33,883 94,069 128,351 176,899 5,391 9,414 14,110 20,973 45,141 4,229 7,590 11,123 18,368 39,076 1,080 1,690 2,871 2,459 / 6,689 82 134 116 146 376 63 82 72 107 271 5,773 24,387 79,887 107,271 131,487 789 10,909 66,205 67,131 45,965 4,984 13,478 23,682 60,140 85,622 Louisiana 58,096 46,978 4,097 2,256 65,472 337 9,378 11,941 2,101 1,682 20,139 2.57 8,460 9,991 2,037 1,463 17,125 234 875 1,775 42 ■99 2,898 22 43 176 22 20 116 1 79 80 13 8 91 7 48,639 84,967 1,983 666 46,242 73 21,180 15,842 341 177 8,425 •26 27,459 19,115 1,642 489 36,817 47 Oklahoma . 104 83 76 7 21 6 15 21 9 2 68 14 29 18 8 2 45 10 21 18 7 1 40 10 21 . 3 1 2 1 1 Idaho 1 1 5 Colorado 13 4 6 2 1 3 11 S 2 3 Arizona 16 11 3 204 11 8 2 163 11 8 2 137 3 1 3 1 47 1 1 1 17 Utah 3 Nevada Pacific 16 1 4 80 Washington 65 14 136 2 49 11 93 2 45 8 84 2 4 2 9 1 5 3 39 3 3 2S Oregon 1 3 ii 1 See explanatory notes on page i GENERAL TABLES. 299 Table 62.— NUMBER OF FARMS OPERATED BY NEGROES, CLASSIFIED BY AREA IN ACRES, BY STATES AND TERRITORIES ARRANGED GEOGRAPHICALLY: 1900. Total number o£ farms. FARMS CLASSIFIED BY AREA IN ACRES. STATS OR TEERITOBY. Under 3. Sand under 10. 10 and under 20. 20 and under 60. 60 and under 100. 100 and under 175. 175 and under 260. 260 and under 800. 600 and under 1,000. 1,000 and over. United States' 746,717 4,448 50,833 119,710 343, 173 134,228 66,882 16,635 8,716 2,007 486 Continental United States' ,746,715 4,448 50,831 119,710 343, 173 134,228 66, 582 16,633 8,716 2,007 486 1,761 50 358 303 433 849 195 65 15 3 New England 264 7 62 45 65 48 23 10 3 1 24 10 8 87 28 107 1,497 3 3 1 9 6 2 23 5 20 368 7 2 1 2 3 1 14 9 17 301 1 9 4 7 172 1 2 18 4 37 296 21 2 18 258 4 1 45 6 43 1 2 Southern North Atlantic. 12 New York 443 469 685 287,933 12 10 21 2,850 58 89 149 27,270 58 109 91 40,416 106 132 130 120,979 116 76 109 54,192 68 35 69 28,566 18 13 14 8,301 6 4 2 4,086 1 1 South Atlantic division 1,065 228 Northern South Atlantic '. . . . 52,213 993 7,624 10, 680 15,939 8,784 6,443 1,666 918 234 32 817 5,842 17 44,795 742 235,720 6 128 1 832 26 1,857 89 1,124 7 6,291 113 19,646 123 1,170 6 9,269 123 29,736 221 1,215 2 14, 296 206 105,040 203 746 2 7,682 152 45,408 116 883 42 345 14 193 3 36 Maryland 4 4,862 82 23,113 1,158 21 6,735 697 14^ 3,168 192 4 821 27 Wpst Viralnia - 1 Southern South Atlantic 196 53,996 85,381 82,822 18,821 12,255 527 968 238 129 167 4,692 10,990 2,833 1,131 1,192 8,466 14,403 6,246 1,622 1,616 21,982 36, 798 39,662 6,608 4,422 10,431 13,439 19,076 2,462 2,651 5,478 6,153 10,322 1,160 1,512 1,421 1,653 3,640 221 379 748 815 1,476 133 257 199 209 368 45 44 66 58 72 10 North Central division 15 Eastern North Central 5,179 92 610 707 1,818 1,160 570 148 66 7 1 1,966 1,043 ■1,486 626 68 7,076 62 24 11 6 278 133 147 46 6 582 271 138 253 42 3 909 696 400 578 234 11 2,604 451 211 277 201 20 1,491 240 95 147 74 14 942 57 32 40 17 2 231 21 9 28 6 2 191 1 1 4 1 1 37 76 14 31 200 4,950 18 17 78 1,782 444,429 4 23 368 1 24 668 6 56 2,064 1 6 44 1,095 11 34 538 7 4 28 320 36,184 2 11 119 2 2 4 91 7,779 7' 60 4 7 16 107 4,332 i" 7 4 2 2 21 889 1 1 Missouri 50 North Dakota 2 1 3 22 1,368 6 182 21,986 6 221 77,351 7 470 217,301 7 339 77,004 236 267,530 833 16,409 45,463 131,928 46,431 19,848 4,470 2,598 468 92 11,227 33,883 94,069 128,361 176,899 162 168 308 205 535 1,771 1,989 7,238 4,411 6,576 2,777 5,747 10,876 26,053 31,898 3,794 15,824 46, 439 65,871 85,373 1,623 6,564 18,568 19, 676 30,573 804 2,731 7,423 8,890 16,336 196 568 1,819 1,890 3,309 81 262 1,138 1,117 1,734 16 35 223 195 421 4 8 37 43 Western South Central.... >. 144 68,096 46,978 4,097 2,266 65,472 337 264 88 21 4 158 13 3,064 1,571 206 26 1,709 • 26 14, 704 9,561 603 63 6,967 24 29, 141 23,219 1,668 270 31,175 38 6,439 7,274 748 650 15,562 32 3,191 3,894 600 1,266 7,385 135 707 822 126 52 1,602 21 437 440 124 26 708 25 120 82 68 29 27 33 151 16 55 r 7 104 4 6 5 10 11 53 3 7 2 3 21 9 2 58 14 29 1 2' 3 6 2 1 8' 13 4 1 32 3 7 1 3 1 1 i' 1 2 i 6' 2 5 1 Wyoming 2 3 2 1 Colorado. r 4 2 2 2 3 1 15 11 3 204 2 2 3 1 1 3 2 2' 4 3 3 Utah 2 16 1 Nevada 7 15 17 23 19 75 15 14 3 JVasliington 56 14 135 2 2 2 1 14 7 3 13 6 1 12 28 8 45 10 2 3 10 1 1 12 California 7 13 " 2 6 1 •i Hawaii 1 See explanatory notes on page 1 300 NEGROES IN THE UNITED STATES. Table 63 NUMBER OF FARMS OPERATED BY NEGROES, CLASSIFIED BY VALUE OF PRODUCTS OF 1899 NOT FED ■ TO LIVE STOCK, BY STATES AND TERRITORIES ARRANGED GEOGRAPHICALLY: 1900. Total number of farms. FAEMS CLASSIFIED BY VALUE OP PKODUCTS OF 1899 NOT FED TO LIVE STOCK. STATE OB TEREITORY. W. $1 and under «50. «50 and under JIOO. $100 and under S250. $250 and under 8500. $500 and under $1,000. $1,000 and under 82,500. 82,500 and over. United Stateai ,... 746,717 10,379 50,794 73,015 247,478 254,490 95,506 14,220 835 746,715 10,379 50,794 73, 015 247,477 254, 490 95,505 14, 220 835 North Atlantic division 1,761 12 95 213 598 432 270 127 14 264 4 30 40 86 65 30 13 6 Maine 24 10 8 87 28 107 1,497 2 4 1 3 1 1 12 2 ,21 173 9 3 2 27 9 36 512 3 4 1 19 7 21 377 3 2 10 4 10 240 ; — 2 2 9 5 11 65 8 1 4 114 Khode Island Connecticut 2 8 2 8 New York 443 469 B86 287,933 1 5 2 2,420 16 19 30 27,170 46 57 71 38,329 153 148 211 102,225 117 126 135 87,552 74 67 99 26,498 32 48 34 3,538 5 Pennsylvania 3 201 Notthem South Atlantic 62,213 322 7,002 11,045 20,121 9,855 3,189 627 52 Delaware : 817 5,842 17 . 44,795 742 235,720 6 51 38 552 90 948 325 2,116 2 17,359 319 82,104 215 1,281 7 8,201 151 77,697 102 666 2 2,379 40 23,309 38 215 4 352 18 2,911 13 2 34 District of Columbia , Virginia : 260 5 2,098 6,341 71 20,168 9,869 138 27,284 West Virginia 53,996 85,381 82,822 13,521 12,255 526 457 957 168 138 5,570 8,437 4,807 1,354 792 7,717 11,860 5,557 2,150 1,544 19,667 30, 747 26, 194 5,496 4,169 15,296 25,664 33,449 3,288 3,199 4,655 7,168 10,576 910 1,690 529 994 1,240 148 653 South Carolina Georgia Florida 70 Eastern North Central 5,179 49 324 626 1,689 1,340 777 335 Ohio 1,966 1,043 1,486 626 58 7,076 15 11 19- 4 111 69 123 20 1 468 238 122 205 57 4 918 635 330 518 184 22 2,480 486 272 350 217 15 1,859 308 166 180 110 13 913 159 65 75 33 3 318 Indiana 14 Illinois 8 16 Wisconsin 1 Western North Central 89 31 31 200 4,950 18 17 78 1,782 444,429 1 1 46 1 4 365 2 1 11 709 1 7 45 1,867 2 3 19 537 140,394 9 57 1,272 2 5 17 497 163,233 100,273 10 54 543 3 .3 17 283 66,996 1 21 150 8 4 13 121 9,867 1 7 North Dakota 8 Nebraska i 4 36 7,792 7" 189 32,898 1 Kansas 106 22,709 1 13 640 Eastern South Central 267,530 3,477 12,818 20,446 86, 606 38,691 5,050 169 11,227 33,883 94,069 128,351 176,899 155 260 1,]36 1,936 4,315 1,036 1,874 6,715 4,193 9,891 1,723 3,292 9,306 6,126 12,452 4,040 12,407 34,225 35,934 53,788 2,678 11,896 32,324 53,376 62,960 1,302 3,683 10,238 23,468 2«,305 276 444 1,062 3,268 4,817 17 37 Mississippi 64 Western South Central 51 371 Arkansas 58, 096 46,978 4,097 2,266 65,472 337 1,439 860 75 74 1,867 17 2,946 2,239 375 162 4,169 ■ 28 3,882 3,117 576 303 4,674 31 17,222 14,098 1,328 763 20, 377 91 21,500 17,412 1,037 642 22, 369 74 9,506 7,843 638 268 10,150 51 1,438 1,299 , 150 44 1,886 35 163 110 Oklahoma 18 80 10 104 3 10 9 23 29 21 8 1 Idaho 9 2 58 14 29 2 1 i" 5 3 5 1 2 18 3 6 5 1 3 2 1 i 4 6 4 7 1 1 13 2 7 ii' 3 5 3' 1 Basin and Plateau 3 2 Utah ; Nevada 11 204 2 1 14 i 1 5 1 61 4 . " 2 5 1 1 1 24 2 Pacific 13 2] 39 25 7 Oregon '."" 14 135 2 2 3 8 5 6 1 14 17 3 41 1 13 3 23 9 1 15 1 3 2 19 , 9 1 6 ISe e exnlnnntn . \ GENERAL TABLES. 301 Table 64 — NUMBER OF FARMS OPERATED BY NEGROES, CLASSIFIED BY PRINCIPAL SOURCE OF INCOME IN 1899, BY STATES AND TERRITORIES ARRANGED GEOGRAPHICALLY: 1900. Total number of farms. FARMS CLASSIFIED BY FBINCIPiL SOORCE OF INCOME. STATK OR TBBRITORY. Hay and grain. Vegeta- bles. Fruit. Live stock. Dairy products. Tobacco. Cotton. Rice. Sugar. Flowers and plants. Nursery products. Miscella- neous. United States 1 746,717 51, 170 15,526 2,191 30,922 5,142 19,454 526, 226 2,132 1,084 19 7 92,845 Continental United States i 746,716 61,170 15,526 2,191 30,922 5,142 19,454 626, 225 2,132 1,083 19 7 92,844 North AUantio division 1,761 243 287 59 437 201 13 10 3 508 New England 264 23 43 7 75 59 6 2 49 Maine 24 10 8 87 28 107 1,497 5 2 1 4 5 1 22 B 35 362 3 3 5 23 5 20 142 10 New Hampshire Vermont 2 7 2 7 220 Massachusetts 13 8 19 244 3 2 2 52 2 Ehode Island « 3 Connecticut 6 7 18 Southern North Atlantic 8 3 New York 443 469 686 287, 933 106 36 78 25,562 43 158 43 9,518 11 26 16 1,293 82 135 145 13,000 72 26 45 947 4 1 7 2 1 •New Jersey 81 266 65, 117 Pennsylvania 3 14,565 106/146 1,722 67 5 1 Northern South Atlantic ,52,213 9,231 4,457 650 8,239 328 8, 241 525 2 3 20,537 Delaware 817 6,842 17 44,795 742 235,720 179 714 138 870 11 3,422 16 5,061 48 299 1 287 15 643 246 1,606 ""6,'277" 211 4,761 10 190 1 120 7 619 Maryland 1,092 1 172 TliRtTif-t nt nnliimhin 2 1 2 ViiKinia 8,120 218 16,331 7,146 3 6,324 625 . 2 West Virginia 272 165, 621 1,722 66 2 1 34,580 53,996 85,381 82,822 13,521 12,255 8,262 4,325 2,966 778 4,389 1,146 1,616 1,166 1,233 622 353 63 45 182 255 2,176 1,140 SCO 646 3,845 98 70 143 308 353 6,768 447 41 68 129 21,416 66,678 71,824 5,703 126 184 997 532 9 6 10 20 19 16 ^''l 14, .586 10,134 5^284 4,576 2,520 Georgia 1 Florida Eastern North Central 5,179 1,776 268 200 1,502 179 95 2 1 157 Ohio 1,966 1,043 1,486 626 68 7,076 637 432 564 127 16 2,613 68 64 111 23 2 3-54 46 84 52 18 1 66 635 257 891 194 25 2,343 66 41 69 21 2 174 66 24 -5 46Cf 141 Illinois 2 302 243 1 34 11 126 14 1,363 31 200 4,960 18 17 . 78 1,782 444, 429 16 56 1,767 16 8 32 719 20,892 2 21 131 1 1 5 193 5,068 1 3 35 i' 15 568 7 88 1,724 1 4 34 485 13,536 1 9 66 4 24 33 120 8 1,066 North Dakota 2 3 93 3,600 2 Nebraska 3 1 4,747 6 3.19,953 410 6 1,010 264 2 2 34,641 267, 630 13,911 3,114 326 9,061 2,109 4,695 211,749 16 83 2 2 22,463 11,227 33,883 94,069 128,351 176,899 2,600 6,039 2,388 2,884 6,981 432 540 790 1,352 1,954 99 85 78 63 243 2,340 3,665 1,877 1,179 4,475 60 121 1,330 598 1,491 3,382 1,246 23 44 52 6 16,990 80,595 114, 158 148,204 4 1 2,303 2 5,198 6 10 394 62 17 927 i 6,919 8,046 12, 178 58,096 46,978 4,097 2,256 65,472 337 1,808 1,632 1,064 420 2,067 84 699 494 80 77 604 31 70 61 29 15 68 16 781 1,454 621 208 1,411 104 92 1,095 44 47 213 41 21 4 2 2 23 51,057 37,903 2,054 1,000 66, 190 392 902 2,274 4,335 2 5 2 18 208 486 4,876 Western division 2 (') 58 Roeky Mountain 104 31 13 33 15 1 11 21 9 2 58 14 29 6 3 2 2 6 2 1 21 3 14 2 2 5 1 . 15 7 6 8 1 1 9 2 4 1 4 1 Basin and Plateau 4 15 11 3 204 2 4 1 9 3 2 67 1 2 1 22 2 . 2 Pacific 47 17 16 % (') (') 43 55 14 135 2 9 2 36 9 2 9 5 43 3 3 16 23 4 8 14 C) 0) 16 1 1 t iSee explanatory notes on page £ 497o_Bull. 8—07 20 302 NEGROES IN THE UNITED STATES. , Table 65.— NUMBER AND TOTAL VALUE OF SPECIFIED DOMESTIC ANIMALS, AND VALUES OF POULTRY AND BEES, STATE OR TERKITOBY. Number of farms. DOMESTIC ANIMALS. Number of farms report- ing. Total value. Neat cattle. Horses. Number of farms report- ing. Total number. Dairy cows. Other cows. Another neat cattle. Number of farms report- ing. Num- ber. Number of farms report- ing. Number. Number of farms report- ing. Number 1 United States 1 746,717 690, 021 $80,855,999 401,151 1,467,608 341,747 553,101 65,402 147,449 757,058 342,383 342, 382 676,627 Continental United States^ .. •} 746,715 690,020 80,865,949 401, 1,M 1, 467, 608 341,747 553,101 65,402 147,449 757,058 576,526 .s 1,761 1,592 407, 298 1,065 6,636 983 3,868 88 249 2,619 1,471 8,342 New England 4 264 219 38,963 142 639 128 378 12 19 242 189 353 Maine B 24 10 8 87 28 107 1,497> 20 10 7 76 24 82 1,373 2,667 1,559 3,310 12,560 4,387 14, 600 368,335 11 8 7 49 16 61 923 36 42 83 227 46 205 5,997 11 7 6 44 13 47 866 27 ■25 41 140 22 123 3,490 9 15 42 77 20 79 2,277 19 10 5 64 21 70 1,282 28 14 18 113 49 131 2,989 fi 2 2 7 Vermont « 7 1 76 10 4 3 230 9 Rhode Island 10 Connecticut U Southern North Atlantic New York m 443 469 685 287,933 392 419 662 264,613 127,529 86,688 164,118 22,712,251 299 236 388 1,55, 890 2,464 1,029 2,514 430,463 276 217 362 121,039 1,296 623 1,571 166,925 37 19 20 23,635 141 46 43 45,399 1,017 360 900 218,139 378 397 507 102,800 963 806 1,220 135,714 13 New Jersey 14 Pennsylvania . - . 15 Northern South Atlantic Delaware 16 52,213 49,066 4,512,949 30, 453 80, 070 25, 911 35, 387 2,115 3,114 41,669 32,755 61,665 17 817 5,842 17 44,795 742 235,720 783 5,513 17 42,060 693 215, 657 133, 244 914,260 2,105 3,361,967 111, 383 18,199,302 422 3,263 7 26,232 " 529 126,437 1,462 11,845 13 64,748 2,002 350, 393 389 2,801 22, 209 505 95,128 778 6,247 12 28,476 874 131,638 49 283 95 666 589 6,032 1 33,909 1,038 176,570 690 4,741 15 26,764 545 70,045 1,446 10,204 31 38,919 1,065 84,049 IS Maryland . 19 District oJ Columbia 20 Virginia West Virginia 1,743 40 21,620 2,363 90 42,285 22 Southern South Atlantic North Carolina as 53,996 85,381 82,822 13,621 12,255 49,241 76,445 77,379 12, 492 11,597 3,464,082 6,134,191 7,347,212 1,253,817 2,863,635 27, 913 48,612 41,574 7,338 7,641 67,128 111,406 130,766 41,093 44,719 20, 170 34,119 36,726 5,114 7,232 25,710 42,967 51,076 11,786 15,153 4,056 7,464 7,887 2,123 811 6,161 11,667 16,623 7,834 3,286 35,257 56,772 63,068 21, 473 26,280 18,049 22,878 21,684 7,434 10,186 21,617 26,855 25,627 9,950 30,667 M South Carolina: Ih Georgia 26 Florida .: 27 North Central division 28 5,179 4,863 1,148,791 3,339 13,898 3,168 6,114 266 644 7,240 4,188 12,313 M 1,966 1,043 1,486 626 58 7,076 1,830 984 1,414 680 65 6,734 434,431 238, 260 297,422 161,121 •17,667 1,714,844 1,321 664 828 492 44 4,302 6,373 2,736 3,062 2,337 390 30,821 1,267 619 769 470 43 4,064 2,359 1,163 1,426 1,019 148 9,039 95 60 76 31 4 555 196 123 157 61 7 2,742 2,818 1,460 1,480 1,257 236 19,040 1,574 850 1,151 564 49 5,997 4,814 2,590 3,126 1,637 146 18,254 W 11 Illinois IS Michigan IS B4 Western North Central IS 31 200 4,960 18 17 78 1,782 444,429 29 188 4,737 17 17 77 1,669 411,899 8,482 108,914 964,574 13,887 14,761 67,418 636,818 64,694,830 21 147 2,874 13 14 68 1,175 286,865 118 1,721 12,146 130 374 816 15,516 970,858 21 141 2,728 12 12 48 1,102 212,317 64 668 5,167 26 51 190 2,983 366,406 -3 21 318 5 8 20 180 40,809 3 164 877 25 105 187 1,381 96,884 51 989 6,112 79 218 439 11,152 507,569 29 168 4,125 16 17 74 1,568 227,614 92 858 10,742, 164 203 437 5,758 405,054 W S7 IK North Dakota. . W South Dakota iO Nebraska 11 «« South Central division Eastern South Central 13 267,630 247,804 31,281,873 154,049 607,797 137,487 213,735 21,808 35,319 268,743 115,172 176,239 Kentucky . . 14 11,227 33,883 94,069 128,351 176,899 10,174 - 31, 940 86,768 119,922 164,096 1,548,302 4,645,342 9,364,739 16,733,490 23,412,957 6,393 20,540 68,247 68,869 82,306 17,110 60,114 180, 715 249,858 463,061 6,101 19,337 49,675 62,374 74,830 8,168 28,271 74,552 102,744 152,670 352 2,009 8,534 10,913 19,001 647 2,924 13,504 18,244 61,565 8,295 28,919 92,659 128,870 248,826 7,012 19,668 29,457 69,045 112,442 12,876 33,499 39,171 90,693 228,815 tFi Tennessee. 16 •7 18 WesternSouthCentral <) 68,096 46,978 4,097 2,256 66,472 337 62,969 42,848 4,028 2,116 62,144 319 6,467,676 6,792,908 1,442,464 669,293 9,040,726 177,936 23,114 23,777 2,128 1,222 32,066 200 104,321 108,535 37,990 18,270 193,945 4,932 20,662 21,860 1,962 1,080 29,276 176 38,366 42,309 5,399 2,099 64,498 760 5,085 5,019 832 182 7,883 69 14,259 9,685 7,891 756 29,074 1,631 51,697 56,641 24,700 16,416 100,373 2,551 34,105 24,652 3,610 1,775 48,300 312 61,845 41,688 17,049 4,948 103,285 1,849 iO Arkansas i1 1? Oklahoma lR Texas vt )5 Rocky Mountain 104 98 37,892 59 934 62 289 23 168 477 96 473 |6 / 21 9 2 58 14 29 21 9 2 53 13 29 8,198 3,225 448 22,264 3,757 44,859 13 6 2 35 4 20 122 28 45 625 114 2,026 1 9 5 2 32 4 13 17 12 20 192 48 64 7 1 61 2 64 14 25 321 63 948 21 9 2 52 12 28 169 37 16 213 48 302 i7 >K Wyoming . 14 1 13 112 3 1,014 iO >T Basin and Plateau . >2 )3 Arizona Utah 15 11 3 204 15 11 3 192 30, 127 1,402 13,330 95,184 11 6 3 121 1,520 9 497 1,972 5 6 2 111 9 8 47 397 11 834 677 1 270 1,126 14 11 3 188 169 32 101 1,074 li Pacific 2 23 iso 449 b ,7 Washington 55 14 135 2 68 13 126 1 16,002 8,730 70,462 60 36 10 76 364 239 1,379 34 10 67 134 60 213 3 4 16 15 77 357 205 112 809 52 13 123 1 184 185 705 1 >S California >9 Hawaii GENERAL TABLES. 303 JUNE 1, 1900, ON FARMS OPERATED BY NEGROES, BY STATES AND TERRITORIES ARRANGED GEOGRAPHICALLY. DOMESTIC ANIMALS — Continued. Mules. Asses and bur.'-cs. Sheep. Swine. Goats. Number of farms report- ing. Number. Number of farms report- ' ing. Number, Number of farms report- ing. Number of lambs. Number of sheep 1 year and over. Number of farms report- ing. Number. Number :if farms report- ing. Number. Number of farms report- ing. Value. Number of farms report- ing. Vahie. 847,214 502, 367 867 1,424 5,672 29, 577 67, 973 513,130 2,968,074 9,056 62,688 612,942 83,903,250 28,484 8174,730 1 847,214 602,367 S67 1,424 5,672 29,577 67, 973 513,130 2,908,074 9,055 62,088 612,942 3,903,260 28,484 174, 730 2 69 135 1 1 68 597 1,741 1,053 4,790 2 14 1,429 28,963 64 703 3 8 61 \09 '92 327 219 4,408 5 62 4 2 2 21 33 10 62 6 6 5 36 3 36 961 30 26 30 126 14 101 4,463 16 10 6 68 23 97 1,210 187 121 109 1,241 613 2,137 24,566 h 6 27 1 15 7 8 q 2 CO 13 536 14 1,632 4 49 37 661 10 60 135 1 1 2 14 11 1 31 37 114,878 48 85 145,710 30 4 26 1,904 299 65 172 8,391 675 64 993 17,048 325 279 367 ■ 204,722 1,127 1,855 1,781 920,457 354 398 458 242,326 6,038 10,041 9,476 1,280,530 20 9 20 10,762 312 89 260 69,819 12 1 1 3,818 12 2 21,493 13 1 116 1 183 14 15 5,806 7,731 18 21 805 5,144 8,527 41, 437 160,809 222 840 47,631 347,650 1,369 9,852 16 147 659 2 6,059 39 109,072 266 958 2 6,455 60 137,979 22 213 56 1,854 173 2,719 647 4,381 4 35,848 657 103,285 2,202 20,817 11 135,086 2,693 769,648 760 6,019 8 41,067 087 194,794 13,605 76,374 183 251,375 6,113 932,880 57 165 1 1,082 64 9,393 301 1,178 14 7,764 605 49, 967 17 4 5 24 1 196 2 3,696 113 1 720 20,053 18 19 14 16 453 117 1,099 2,144 1,090 3,247 3,990 1,645 8,521 20 21 98 162 22 18,417 35,783 52,030 2,842 2,941 22,626 43, 744 68,080 3,529 0,202 37 35 22 4 42 78 52 28 4 90 682 216 176 25 618 1,564 669 716 318 6,832 2,902 1,807 2,987 706 10,134 39,329 65, 017 68,021 9,718 8,354 196,792 200, 8:» 283,327 78,699 89,970 764 1,371 1,062 409 129 4,069 4,821 7,639 4,224 705 44, 372 70, 533 08,243 11, 046 10,808 207,674 326,047 320,200 80,059 166,440 2,478 2,676 3,653 686 677 16,008 13, 006 15,819 6,134 5,306 23 24 26 26 27 838 1, V^l 9 - 19 330 4,405 7,987 3*019 38,099 42 172 4,676 61,713 273 2,389 28 61 240 630 5 2 2,103 97 545 1,046 9 4 4,501 167 31 18 115 9 188 1,983 429 216 1,712 65 1,427 4,262 619 317 2,622 107 2,147 1,382 082 1,084 435 36 4,735 16,085 8,394 10,751 3,341 528 51,877 11 14 14 3 21 44 103 4 1,769 891 1,303 672 61 6,232 24,589 11,395 17,604 7,367 768 94, 727 113 43 92 26 947 371 733 338 29 7 2 16 4 30 31 32 ;^;^ 33 71 87 533 304 2,917 34 2 7 177 13 141 1,273 14 325' 1,803 15 179 3,262 13 8 69 1,199 298, 867 102 3,552 33,279 74 126 1,719 13,026 1,950,974 25 167 4,449 13 15 60 1,503 758,147 349 4,160 63,365 127 280 1,156 26,300 2,431,022 35 15 1,696 37 3,608 15 '230 174 1,765 36 24 59 81 1 461 1 37 38 1 3 .S9 7 386 229,296 11) 840 350,166 40 9 702 12 1,133 1 3,162 2 38,776 6 6,099 81 40,380 69 17, 078 978 108,406 41 14,298 42 141, 621 202,811 349 602 2,159 8,413 18,399 186,419 1,134,070 3,508 24,626 221,669 1,426,487 9, 7':2 61,332 43 3,493 15,439 60,042 72,647 87,675 6,178 24, 571 69,365 102,697 147,355 36 159 58 96 353 43 263 100 196 531 396 551 382 830 1,003 2,939 1,940 1,159 2,375 5,885 4,236 3,691 8,212 7,360 20,377 7,463 26,147 65,612 87,297 112,438 53,876 171,274 361,718 547,202 816,904 63 341 1,661 1,463 1,591 257 1,638 12,640 10, 084 15,855 9,841 30,321 76,036 105,472 136,478 90, 164 228,262 388,858 719,213 1,004,536 543 1,090 5,031 3,055 7,366 3,709 7,097 30,884 19,642 47,074 44 45 46 47 48 29,082 24,864 1,428 823 31,478 30 43,506 39,096 3,129 1,647 59,977 154 45 49 30 16 213 6 80 89 33 27 302 17 364 393 43 1 202 20 1,609 1,149 472 2 2,663 459 6,889 3,268 903 30,744 30,268 3,153 1,522 46, 761 144 209, 749 247,567 36,902 12,794 309,892 1,877 358 698 48 10 477 7 3,557 4,954 573 70 0,701 90 40,846 38,036 3,666 1,837 52,203 233 309,636 270,257 30,768 21,159 372, 715 6,296 1,072 1,566 72 6 4,640 13 6,161 9,159 864 55 30,835 496 49 50 51 52 9,267 274 53 54 4 7 3 11 4 362 6 43 241 1 50 72 1,260 4 155 55 4' 302' s' 5 1 27 6 12 82 5 152 36 53 6 2 42 8 16 116 60 6.56 70 627 57 58 i' 1 6 5' 2 37 " 2 1 4 7 4 i 50' 3 1 2 139 16 48 59 60 61 '4 19 1 4 2 9 1 89 14 25 14 1,583 6 7 2 146 192 285 60 4,618 i' 1 7 24' 24 293 62 63 2 , 18 20 110 2 2 16 97 269 « 46 65 i' 18 i' 106 i' i' 8 1 7 32 14 51 46 40 183 7 55 107 1,352 6 40' 12 98 212 3,216 i 3 90' 203 67 68 69 \"" i 1 — 304 NEGROES IN THE UNITED STATES. Table 66.— NUMBER OF FARMS OPERATED BY NEGROES REPORTING CEREALS, JUNE 1, 1900, WITH ACREAGE AND PRODUCTION OF EACH CEREAL IN 1899, BY STATES AND TERRITORIES ARRANGED GEOGRAPHICALLY. CORN. WHEAT. OATS. BARLEY. STATE OR TEBBITOBY. Number of farms report- ing. Acres. Bushels. Number of farms report- ing. Acres. Bushels. Number of farms report- ing. Acres. Bushels. Number of farms report- ing. Acres. Bushels. United States^ 673,885 7,055,084 99,512,692 76,140 470,630 3,669,475 - 64, 737 269,254- 3,366,367 302 3,063 258,610 Continental United States ^ 673,886 7,055,084 99,512,692 76,140 470,630 3,669,475 64,737 269,254 3,366,367 302 3,063 2 58,610 North Atlantic division 1,242 6,840 228,363 457 3,349 43,566 559 4,018 115,497 36 90 22,210 102 196 5,966 1 1 20 23 83 2,435 3 6 160 3 7 4 31 12 45 1,140 4 8 6 60 19 98 6,645 139 240 160 2,082 460 2,885 222,387 1 1 20 7 20 626 4 5 30 7 1,060 140 2 1 5 1 Massachusetts ^ 10 7 536 26 3,935 610 113,062 Southern North Atlantic 466 3,348 43,545 33 84 2,060 New York 296 355 490 267, 772 1,051 2,656 2,938 2,845,525 30,679 83,460 108,258 28,764,608 101 93 262 58,813 640 720 1,988 253,200 8,363 9,440 25,742 1,617,200 255 44 237 40, 086 2,200 251 1,484 152, 514 63,035 5,020 45,007 1,408,490 31 1 1 62 80 "4 116 1,950 ' South Atlantic division 1,390 Northern South Atlantic 48,734 397,831 6,216,450 17,370 88,774 769,44^ 6,832 28,051 274,790 15 38 660 Delaware 757 5,216 3 42,135 624 219,038 11,050 54,466 16 327,196 5,103 2,447,694 216, 180 1,092,560 340 4,812,800 96,570 .22,538,168 306 1,776 3,579 20,589 45, 010 247, 975 20 260 2 6,447 113 33,264 98 1,093 3 26,492 365 124,463 1,480 18,190 80 248,270 6,770 1, 133, 700 1 3 40 District of Columbia Virginia 14,977 311 41,443 61,833 2,773 164,426 452,290 24, 170 847,755 14 35 620 "We^t Virginia Southern South Atlantic 47 78 830 50,251 80,081 76,185 12,521 10,889 627,657 687,897 1,051,866 180, 274 222,666 5, 977, 269 6,326,045 8,636,814 1,698,030 6,418,203 12,821 15,824 12,794 4 3,595 69,577 49,292 45,542 15 75,649 344,675 263,120 249,970 90 839,789 6,609 13,252 12,249 1,144 2,104 26,680 44,450 49,545 4,788 18,809 198, 200 444,330 447,470 43,700 523,853 13 31 25 40 250 470 South Carolina Georgia Florida 3 108 13 1,369 110 30,309 Eastern North Central 4,585 75,968 2,485,778 2,077 37,062 432,557 1,172 9,644 301,362 52 335 9,801 Ohio... 1,694 922 1,385 634 50 6,304 25,189 17,978 27,663 4,793 465 146,698 926,400 598,960 817,750 127, 163 15,515 3,932,426 928 403 398 329 19 1,518 14,688 7,844 9,749 •4,660 121 38,687 187, 786 94,580 108,280 39,944 1,967 407,232 368 181 268 321 34 932 2,445 1,234 4,244 1,358 363 9,165 72,910 34,630 139,910 - 42,606 11,406 222,491 38 221 7,160 Indiana Illinois Michigan 6 8 66 25 89 1,034 374 2,267 20,608 Western North Central Minnesota 25 177 4,521 190 4,582 91,844 6,275 156,180 2,523,155 16 28 1,108 12 13 39 302 13,205 648 336 20,665 1,716 910 1,800 12,613 134,466 7,873 3,666 246,180 16, 770 8,580 12,003 113,160 1,119,066 18 84 618 13 6 29 165 21,960 224 1,647 4,502 335 108 568 1,781 93,338 7,178 57, 450 89,690 7,328 2,890 14,995 42,960 1,290,024 7 6 1 5 4 3 SO 74 122 191 3 200 75 18 425 498 3,120 5,080 60 5,800 1,690 238 4,630 7,940 Iowa . North Dakota South Dakota i2 61 l;608 393,946 132 3,128 46,822 3,979,747 3,280 77,790 1,166,746 64,106,510 Nebraska Kansas Eastern South Central 240,123 2, 385, 268 37,724,560 10,656 99,873 782,736 13, 579 63,741 542,766 29 96 950 Kentucky .9,007 30,443 86,053 114,620 163,823 108,792 365,242 854,790 1,056,444 1,594,479 2,359,735 7,481,580 10,311,670 17,571,575 26,381,960 2,566 4,739 3,139 212 2,649 32,169 64,240 12, 774 700 34,593 299,390 416,776 62,470 4,100 336,330 1,078 1,671 7,223 3,607 8,371 5,816 7,344 27,452 13, 129 39,697 76,770 89,651 250,950 125,385 747,268 1 6 18 4 45 6 42 36 12 403 Tennessee Alabama ... Western South Central 6,990 Louisiana 61,904 40,482 3,407 1,923 56,107 36 450,029 359, 916 68,138 30,920 685,476 306 6,872,256 6,430,430 1,593,808 666, 781 10,818,676 5,018 5 1,394 126 282 74? 70 24 8,233 4,879 9,970 11,487 3,966 200 43,960 46,484 111,646 135,040 49,855 893 3,295 262 126 3,795 38 3,952 12,135 3,413 1,122 18,975 575 37,530 150,930 88,148 32,090 438,570 18,603 3 11 Indian Territory 60 Oklahoma 31 11 22 273" 119 990 Texas 5,220 1,710 16,761 Rocky Mountain 19 140 1,309 27 270 4,466 20 321 9,665 3 10 284 1 1 1 1 25 40 5 39 1,106 6 124 4,325 2 9 Idaho. 244 Colorado New Mexico 10 7 2 113 25 22 910 334 190 15 7 8 208 23 60 2,' 920' 440 948 ii' m" 5," 340" i' i" 40 6 10 365 3 36 1,217 Utah 6 1 36 38 16 3,636 120 688 240 44,441 2 4 12 S 2 244 316" 60 8,473 3 36 1,217 15 144 • 3,619 Pacific 16 944 16,260 Wasliiiigton Oreffon 3 2 10 11 12 121 160 350 3,009 6 6 24 137 67 3,432 2,797 962 40,692 6 4 2 118 28 98 5,660 626 2,187 California Hawaii 16 944 15,260 ocu \:a t^ittiitttui y uxfitis on page yy. » Les'sfhan 1 acre.^'" ^" ^ ™ reporting less than 1 acre of barley. GENERAL TABLES. 305 Table 66.— NIJMBEE OF FAEMS OPEEATED BY NEGEOES EEPOETING CEEEALS, JUNE 1, 1900, WITH AGEEAGE AND PEODUCTION OF EACH CEEEAL IN 1899, BY STATES AND TEEEITOEIES AEEANGED GEOGEAPHIOALLY— Continued. BYE. BUCKWHEAT. BICE. STATE OE TEBRITORY. Number of farms reporting. Acres. Bushels. Number of farms reporting. Acres. Bushels. ! Number of farms reporting. Acres. Pounds. United Statesi 2,111 7,570 56,827 603 1,649 19,313 22, 641 48,834 23,367,482 Continental United States^ 2,111 7,570 66,827 603 1,649 19,313 22,641 48,834 23,367,482 North Atlantic division 158 874 10,153 191 594 7,187 New England 4 8 110 8 10 73 1 2 25 1 5 1 6 20 8 Massachusetts 1 3 20 3 154 5 866 90 10,043 1 183 1 584 20 7,114 Southern North Atlantic 38 66 60 1,524 240 382 244 4,364 2,793 4,130 3,120 24,256 87 11 85 239 290 17 277 536 3,297 260 3,557 6,367 South Atlantic division 20, 796 38,182 15,469,371 Northern South Atlantic 468 1,673 12,240 190 459 5,627 7 17 3,144 . 26 144 1 263 14 1,066 129 624 1 877 42 2,691 1,320 5,600 10 5,090 320 12,016 30 26 101 77 1,390 1,060 Maryland District ol ColQmbia Virginia '. 83' 51 49 167' 114 76 £,'907' 1,280 740 7 17 3,144 "West Virginia Southern South Atlantic 20,789 38,165 15,466,227 497 216 328 15 209 1,540 460 652 39 1,571 6,384 2,100 3,362 180 16,714 48 1 71 6 720 20 1,662 16,736 2,674 917 5,354 26,243 5,521 1,047 1,906,721 384,304 North Central division 167 511 5,719 124 16 708 58 8,209 825 88 13 241 24 2,739 250 Eastern North Central Indiana Illinois Michigan 7 7 89 6 85 31 21 542 56 863 360 6,084 680 8,506 1 66 6 79 2 187 13 270 10 2,086 183 2,980 Western North Central 3 11 26 2 36 77 146 35 140 770 3,100 480 1 73 3 1 262 14 20 2,860 80 Minnesota Iowa Missouri North Dakota South Dakota Nebraska 7 36 219 i23 446 760 4,485 6,694 i' 6 3 9 20' 40 1,846 10, 652 South Central division 7,898,111 Eastern South Central 183 672 4,934 6 9 40 1,174 975 327,513 Kentucky 49 71 68 5 36 236 309 111 16 88 1,960 2,070 734 170 760 5 1 8 1 30' 10 660' 614 671 440 535 9,677 i44,'683 182,830 Alabama Mississippi Western South Central , 7,570,598 Louisiana Arkansas Indian Territory Oklahoma 3 28 i 4 1 5 72 3 8 1 30 680 60' 90 10 10 4 6 4 2,340 i,'597 Texas Western division Rocky Mountain Montana Idaho Wyoming Colorado New Mexico Arizona Utah Nevada Pacific 1 1 10 Washington Oregon California Hawaii i i io 1 S«e explanatory notes on page i 306 NEGROES IN THE UNITED STATES. Table 67.— NUMBER OF FAEMS OPERATED BY NEGROES REPORTING HAY, POTATOES, AND SWEET POTATOES, JUNE 1, 1900, WITH THE ACREAGE AND PRODUCTION OF EACH CROP IN 1899, BY STATES AND TERRITORIES ARRANGED GEOGRAPHICALLY. HAY AND FOEAGE. POTATOES. SWEET POTATOES. STATE OR TERRITORY. Number of farms reporting. Acres. Tons. Number of farms reporting. Acres. Bushels. Number of farms reporting. Acres. Bushels. 232, 91o 312,118 367,809 70,797 36,744 2,440,275 244,621 133,119 8,969,584 Continental United States^ 232,918 312, 118 367,809 70,797 35,744 2,440,275 244,620 133,118 8,969,624 1,331 16,294 17,396 1,295 1,444 110,225 227 257 27, 103 New England 207 2,125 2,022 175 139 14,732 Maine 22 9 8 63 24 81 1,124 189 151 198 726 89 772 14,169 161 84 239 774 76 688 16,373 1 8 6 70 18 72 1,120 7 5 6 39 12 70 1,306 826 330 715 4,091 1,526 7,245 95,493 New Hampshire , Massachusetts Southern North Atlantic 227 267 27,103 New York 378 278 468 148,634 6,565 3,090 4,514 102,761 6,711 3,413 6,249 112,180 369 268 483 33,078 631 314 460 15,746 40,568 18,562 36,363 1, 091, 735 1 186 40 131,294 253 4 74,929 6 26,609 488 5,104,864 Northern South Atlantic 29,593 39,674 41,641 19,046 8,133 642,198 21,889 10,930 1,141,888 546 2,013 4 26,646 384 119,041 2,236 6,675 20 28,861 1,883 63,087 ■2,448 7,345 27 30,099 1,722 70,639 538 2,305 6 16,728 469 14,032 264 1,222 9 6,488 150 7,613 15,780 81,156 720 534,172 10, 370 449,537 393 1,467 3 19,934 92 109,408 133 623 9 10,150 15 63,999 13,027 63,473 1,375 1,063,071 942 3,962,476 Vireinia West Virginia Southern South Atlantic 33,258 44,141 '36,838 4,804 6,499 13,846 29,201 17, 137 2,903 57,016 17,916 32,058 18,270 2,295 71,081 5,393 4,324 3,303 1,012 5,927 2,049 2,669 1,960 936 4,884 141,589 141,696 111,866 64,486 407,829 24,439 42,744 34,251 7,971 1,577 12,840 24,438 19,724 6,997 616 933,881 1,351,858 1,211,396 466,341 51,785 Georgia Florida North Central division 2,493 21,400 23, 981 2,640 1,980 133,707 692 218 14,354 Ohio 961 616 509 463 '65 3,006 8,426 4,053 4,416 3,908 697 85,616 9,121 4,897 4,767 4,418 778 47, 100 851 468 680 491 50 3,387 454 246 494 746 40 2,904 32,349 16,129 38,661 43,158 3,410 274, 122 197 143 244 8 44 30 142 2 2,419 1,665 10,191 89 Wisconsin "Western North Central 985 398 37,431 Minnesota 18 124 1,772 16 13 43 1,020 77,234 317 1,886 14, 041 360 1,144 1,067 16, 811 130,636 456 2,646 15,616 492 889 1,118 25,985 159,684 17 134 2,194 9 9 41 983 30, 390 13 124 909 10 29 47 1,772 13,391 1,652 12,632 72,045 983 2,050 3,625 181,135 809,688 15 718 21 132 1,116 10,371 North Dakota South Dakota 2 250 111,522 246 57,316 16 ,25,929 8,786,272 Eastern South Central . 57,135 68,344 72, 186 18,747 7,310 438,668 77,034 37,882 2,400,091 2,232 11,161 27,462 16,280 20, 099 12, 485 26,843 12,577 16,439 62,192 11,526 27,394 13,336 19,930 87,498 2,444 5,691 4,360 6,252 11,643 654 1,873 2,600 2,283 6,081 48,569 99,824 143,697 146,568 371,030 1,334 6,844 36,115 33,741 34,488 268 2,043 20,231 16,340 19,434 15,646 137,061 Tennessee 1,093,587 1, 386, 181 4,965 5,678 701 861 7,904 220 6,646 10,710 21,093 6,873 16,870 5,511 11,699 13, 196 24,303 10,667 27,843 7,469 2,328 4,697 696 617 3,405 107 1,698 2,263 285 141 1,794 279 102,765 123,295 26,187 10,061 108, 742 20,798 11,285 8,620 461 539 13,683 7,877 8,410 135 208 7,804 — Arkansas Indian Territory Texas Western division Rocky Mountain 67 1,.510' 2,208 42 191 11,668 Montana 15 7 2 37 6 22 254 160 9 1,023 64 1,014 334 237 20 1,460 157 1,633 11 4 1 22 4 8 16 8 2 166 11 6 2,148 1,680 100 7,616 215 327 Idaho 12 8 2 131 239 96 680 2,987 637 216 780 3,628 2 6 1 57 2 3 1 82 120 127 80 8,818 Pacific . Washington 41 10 80 466 176 ?,346 911 299 2,418 33 10 14 88 32 12 4,669 1,763 2,891 Hawaii 1 1 1 6q 'See explanatory notes on page 99. "Lesathanlacre. GENERAL TABLES. 307 Table 68.— NUMBER OF FARMS OPERATED BY NEGROES REPORTING COTTON AND TOBACCO, JUNE 1, 1900, "WITH THE ACREAGE AND PRODUCTION OF EACH CROP IN 1899, BY STATES AND TERRITORIES ARRANGED GEOGRAPHICALLY. COTTON. TOBACCO. STATE OR TERRITORY. Number of farms reporting. Acres. Bales. Number of farms reporting. Acres. Pounds. United Statesi 666, 180 9,623,301 3,707,881 40,262 143,271 88,179,141 Continental United States^... 666, 180 9,623,301 3,707,881 40,262 143,271 88,179,141 North Atlantic division 122 360 403,070 14 19 24,760 Maine New Hampshire V**rTnnnt. , , , Massachusetts 7 3 3,020 Rhode Island Connecticut .' 7 108 16 341 21, 740 378,310 6 13 15,410 102 29,848 328 104,642 362,900 South Atlantic division 193, 182 3,001,047 1,041,574 61,189,345 Northern South Atlantic , 2,789 11,937 4,365 17,047 68, 619 33,526,030 1,604 11,208 5,765,090 2,789 11,937 4,366 15,414 29 12,801 47,380 31 46,028 27,751,680 19,360 190,393 2,989,110 1,037,209 27,663,315 33,788 74,408 73,000 9,197 196 316,968 1,021,596 1,644,894 105,652 2,290 127, 817 378,984 505,091 26, 317 1,100 10,715 1,606 183 297 577 41,147 4,241 166 470 960 24,601,070 South Carolina 2,779,520 60,740 Florida 221,985 North Central division 801,130 264 613 533,190 130 68 54 1 1 323 399 169 37 1 7 347 373,410 128,520 25,460 300 10,600 196 2,290 1,100 267,940 1 804 1 340 300 189 2,210 1,054 265,720 7 372, 802 80 6,619,964 46 2,666,207 18 9,715 6 37,309 1,920 26,786,596 218,169 3,867,247 1,469,310 8,710 37, 061 25,693,090 19,683 87,066 111, 605 164,633 135 308, 331 1,644,053 1,914,728 2,752,717 48 108,944 503,701 856,617 1,195,897 5,159 2,704 406 441 1,005 27,122 9,822 59 ■48 . 268 19,464,970 20, 570 Western South Central 92,506 51,257 42,089 2,676 1,656 67, 055 783,943 700,300 38,195 26,609 1,204,670 413,138 * 820,264 16, 210 7,316 438, 970 136 480 74 12 303 48 104 20 3 83 7,330 950 Wyoming ::::::::::;::;:; New Mexico ■Rflsin and Plateau Utah Nevada Washington ^ Oregon California Hawaii iSee explanatory notes on page 99. 308 NEGROES IN THE UNITED STATES. Table 69.— CLASSIFICATION BY TENURE, FOE FARMS OF ALL NEGRO, INDIAN, AND MONGOLIAN FARMERS, Of PRODUCTS, AND EXPENDITURES FOR LABOR AND FERTILIZERS, WITH AVERAGES, FOR DIVISION, STATE OR TBKRITOKY, AND TENURE. ^ Continental United States. Owners Part owners Owners and tenants. Managers Cash tenants Share tenants North Atlantic division . Owners Part owners Owners and tenants . Managers Cash tenants Share tenants New England . Owners Part owners' Owners and tenants . Managers Cash tenants Share tenants Southern North Atlantic . Owners Part owners .. » Owners and tenants. Managers Cash tenants Share tenants South Atlantic division . Owners Part owners Owners and tenants. Managers Cash tenants Share tenants Northern South Atlantic. Owners Part owners Owners and tenants. Managers Cash tenants Share tenants Delaware. Owners Part owners Owners and tenants. Managers Cash tenants Share tenants Maryland . Owners Part owners Owners and tenants. Managers Cash tenants Share tenants District of Columbia. . Owners Part owners Owners and tenants. Managers Cash tenants Share tenants Virginia . Owners Part owners Owners and tenants. Managers Cash tenants Share tenants NUMBER OF FARMS. Total. 767, 764 174, 434 30,501 1,582 1,824 274,663 284,760 2,140 1,344 146 6 68 319 257 218 7 1 13 46 1,126 139 6 55 273 248 288,871 70,330 14,302 484 970 100,697 102,188 52,254 26,469 4,083 147 368 7,607 13,580 818 297 34 1 15 75 6,843 2,882 871 9 105 563 1,913 17 44,834 22, 809 3,623 134 238 6,891 11, 139 With build- ings. 735, 089 169,514 30,043 1,549 1,769 262,342 269,882 2,090 1,321 146 6 68 300 260 291 217 7 1 13 44 1,104 138 5 65 266 241 69,213 14,122 475 930 96, 727 97,752 51,045 26,116 4,042 147 856 7,336 13,048 804 290 34 1 14 76 5,732 2,842 104 546 1,862 43,774 22,512 8,586 134 228 6,642 10,672 acreage: JUNE 1, 1900. Total. 41,766,023 13,621,733 2,205,297 149,068 507, 213 13,204,189 12,078,523 107,239 58, 986 8,373 276 6,242 13,863 20,499 14, 770 10, 636 340 10 758 2,457 669 92,469 48,450 8,033 266 4,484 11,406 • 19,830 15,637,265 3,670,737 721,971 34,731 201,074 5,622,017 5,386,735 2,697,877 993,674 167, 377 9,970 60,340 452, 807 1,023,709 62,566 11, 161 1,127 85 1,526 3,818 34,850 18,521 602 12,305 38,066 222,439 21 258 2, 229, 118 \876, 844 146, 228 9,269 34,960 407, 110 755,717 Improved. 24,297,181 5,516,577 1, 164, 899 74,790 162, 643 8,665,826 8, 732, 446 09, 768 34,396 6,044 220 3,757 9,703 15,6.48 6,223 4,067 220 9 440 1,071 416 63,645 30,329 5,824 211 3,317 S,632 15,232 8, 895, 862 1,665,784 415, 395 18, 053 66,764 3,276,171 8,453,696 1,422,040 518,431 109,722 5,507 25,750 207,207 556,423 34, 616 7,665 944 70 1,144 2,940 21,963 238,668 . 56,322 14,173 331 8,342 20,763 139,737 232 21 186 1,125,458 442, 816 92,908 4,995 15,095 181,322 388,322 Per cent im- proved. 40.5 52.4 60.2 30.1 66.6 72.3 65.1 58.3 72.2 79.7 71.7 70.0 76.3 42.1 88.6 64.7 90.0 58.0 43.6 62.2 68.7 62.6 72.5 79.3 74.0 75.7 76.8 66.9 45.4 57.6 52.0 33.2 58.3 64.1 52.7 52.2 65.6 65.2 61.2 45.8 54.3 66.9 '67.8 83.8 82.4 76.0 77.0 68.0 67.1 76.5 65.9 67.8 54.6 62.8 75.3 87.0 100.0 72.1 50.5 50.5 64.0 53.9 43.2 44.5 61,4 $646,723,508 value of farm property: juhe 1, 1900. Total. 160, 657, 251 27,358,226 1,881,163 9,777,377 178,300,242 178,849,260 6,539,256 2,271,479 464,496 8,226 737,466 1,069,328 998,272 625, 624 12,470 931 116,815 114, 931 17,791 4,913,632 1,908,793 442, 026 7,295 620,640 964,397 980, 481 163,416,171 38,493,920 8,238,709 327, 941 3,294,936 63,619,267 59,441,398 36,266,007 1,394,816 328,797 30,498 676 112,019 219, 271 703,666 8,209,872 2, 384, 352 466, 995 8,476 688,766 890,401 3,770,884 304, 692 20,803 7,776 149, 630 126, 383 24,529,016 10,752,646 2,068,105 106, 180 642,388 4,007,339 6, 963, 368 8360,046,671 Land and improve- ments (except buildings). 876,173,627 84,069,741 16,883,900 1,078,960 6,008,100 118,285,620 123,730,250 3, 143, 830 1,140,740 290,980 4,860 488, 590 705,880 562, 780 338,950 186,490 4,510 300 68,930 70,970 7,760 2,804,880 954,2501 286,470 4,560 369, 660 634,910 656,030 106,633,706 22,018,236 4,827,310 199,380 2,206,620 36,148,690 41,233,470 21,081,670 7,292,630 1,448,930 67, 13P 1,090,320 3, 647, 150 7, 486, 610 871,070 169, 790 16,430 400 86,850 161,430 436,170 4,848,920 1,216,930 264,600 4,110 442,990 619,870 2, 311, 520 276,300 17,800 5,500 138,400 114,600 14,481,710 5,624,200 1,137,570 61,470 376, 030 2,709,300 4, 573, 140 Buildings. 820,855,360 24,189,577 4, 192, 690 279,900 1,638,960 21,802,960 24,069,650 1,636,690 709, 390 110,520 2,290 247, 670 269, 360 307,460 213,410 125, 230 6,080 500 40,170 34,680 6,760 1,423,280 684,160 104,440 1,790 207,600 224,680 300,710 26,764,052 Imple- ments and Livestock, machinery. 899,647,960 7, 135, 075 1, 134, 920 82, 980 274, 360 6,693,276 5, 534, 750 248, 170 136,490 20,250 380 17,280 36,210 38,560 23, 770 16,520 860 60 2,460 2,960 920 224, 400 8,207,242 1,667,690 63,050 730,960 7,137,080 8,948,030 7,991,750 3,649,680 598, 490 25,700 400,220 925, 320 2,392,390 303,180 91,160 7,310 100 14,600 39,120 150,890 2,037,440 676, 970 122,290 2,840 182,360 163, 110 890,870 16,200 2,400 2,000 2,600 9,200 6,600,740 2,806,190 468,860 22,310 186,310 700,880 1,327,190 119, 970 19,390 330 14,820 32,260 37,640 5,898,030 1,786,760 376,490 12,930 102,020 1,976,670 1,643,160 1,367,750 647,780 124,710 6,450 48,070 170, 100 371,640 73,280 23,000 2,180 50 3,230 6,370 38,450 331,660 133,340 ,23,640 510 17,800 28,270 128,090 9,790 240 160 8,200 1,200 36,172,868 5,146,715 439,323 1,855,967 31,518,397 25,514,700 510,566 284,869 32,746 696 33,916 68,878 89,472 49,494 34,446 1,020 81 5,265 6,321 2,371 461,072 250,413 31,726 615 28,660 62,567 87, 101 24,130,383 6,481,682 1,367,219 52,681 256,336 8,366,827 7,616,738 4,874,837 2,318,600 446,003 18,568 121,057 569,217 1,402,392 147,286 44,847 4,578 125 7,339 12,361 78,046 991,862 369,112 66,566 1,015 45,615 79,151 440,404 2,302 931,280 479,920 96,790 4,840 17,730 131,390 200,610 3,615,286 1,842,336 364,885 16,660 63,318 465,769 862,418 GENERAL TABLES. 309 THE NUMBER AND ACREAGE OF FARMS, VALUE OF SPECIFIED CLASSES OF FARM PROPERTY, VALUE OF MAIN AND MINOR GEOGRAPHIC DIVISIONS, AND FOR EACH OF THE SOUTHERN STATES: 1900. AVERAGE VAlUEa PEE FABM. AVERAGE ES- — VAT.TTR OH* PHDTinrTS' 1 RQfl PENDITDRES JUiJ.^. Aver- PEE FARM: Farm property: June 1, 1900. Products: 1899. value per acre of 1899. Per cent and im- Imple- prod- Total. Fed to live stock. Not fed to live stock. not fed, to value of prop- erty. Labor. Ferti- lizers. Total. prove- ments (except build- ings). Build- ings. and ma- chin- ery. Live stock. Total. Not fed to live stock. ucts of 1899 not fed. Labor. Ferti- lizers. 8265,669,412 $27,316,022 8238,363,390 43.6 $10,011,801 $6,665,268 $712 $466 $99 $27 $130 $346 $310 $5.71 $13 $7 1 55,497,799 8,069,246 47,428,553 31.5 2,095,486 964,760 863 482 139 41 201 318 272 3.48 12 .6 f 10, 969, 649 1,537,790 9,431,859 34.6 496,670 222, 210 897 554 137 37 169 360 309 4.28 16 7 8 664, 932 102, 361 562,571 29.9 32,440 10,210 1,189 682 177 62 278 420 356 3.77 20 6 4 1,946,843 223, 037 1,723,806 17.6 323,300 55, 640 5,360 3,294 898 160 1,018 1,067 946 3.40 177 30 5 99,982,695 9,205,695 90,777,000 50.9 4,228,880 1,902,278 649 431 79 24 116 364 330 6.87 16 7 A 96,607,494 8,177,893 88,429,601 49.4 2,835,026 2, 600, 170 628 434 85 19 90 339 310 7.32 10 9 7 1,059,464 254,630 804,834 14.5 93,010 31,160 2,688 1,469 765 116 238 495 376 7.51 43 15 8 535,210 128,660 406,560 17.9 30,800 10,270 1,690 849 528 101 212 398 302 6.89 23 8 q 87,440 19,490 67,960 15.0 6,210 1,900 3,113 1,993 757 139 224 599 465 8.12 43 13 10 2,790 630 2,160 26.3 170 130 1,371 810 382 63 116 466 360 7.83 28 22 11 66,904 16,440 60, 464 6.8 19,060 2,850 10,845 6,450 3,642 254 499 984 742 9.63 280 42 12 162,820 32, 310 130,510 12.2 16,370 8,360 3,352 2,213 813 110 216 510 409 9.41 51 26 13 204,300 57,100 147,200 14.7 20,410 7,660 3,884 2,190 1,196 160 348 796 673 7.18 79 30 14 140,354 25,760 114,694 18. ; 14,740 4,430 2,128 1,153 726 81 168 477 390 7.76 50 15 15 97,240 19,560 77,680 21.4 7,040 2,160 1,664 866 674 76 168 446 356 7.37 32 10 16 3,430 660 2,770 22.2 540 90 1,781 644 868 123 146 490 396 8.15 77 13 17 740 20 720 77.3 80 931 300 500 60 81 740 720 72.00 80 18 13,184 1,980 11,204 9.6 3,640 330 8,986 5,303 3,090 189 404 1,014 862 14.78 272 25 19 21,320 2,730 18,590 16.2 2, ,590 1,730 2,498 1,543 764 64 137 463 404 7.57 56 38 20 4,440 810 3,630 20.4 1,030 40 1,977 861 750 102 264 493 403 5.43 114 4 21 919,110 228,870 690,240 14.0 78,270 26, 730 2,662 1,519 771 122 250 498 374 7.46 42 14 22 437,970 109, 100 328,870 17.2 23,760 8,110 1,695 847 619 107 222 389 292 6.79 21 7 23 84,010 18,830 65,180 14.7 5,670 1,810 3,180 2,061 751 140 228 604 469 8.11 41 13 24 2,050 610 1,440 19.7 170 60 1,469 912 368 66 123 410 288 5.41 34 10 26 53,720 14,460 39,260 6.3 15,610 2,520 11,284 6,721 3,773 269 621 977 714 8.76 282 46 26 141,500 29,580 111,920 11.7 13,780 6,620 3,496 2,326 823 118 229 618 410 9.81 60 24 27 199,860 56,290 143, 570 14.6 19,380 7,620 3,954 2,238 1,213 162 351 806 579 7.24 78 31 28 87,665,565 8,345,300 79,320,265 48.5 3,682,600 4,658,780 566 369 93 20 84 303 274 5.07 13 16 29 17,568,914 2,113,200 15,455,714 40.2 765,800 724,550 547 313 117 25 92 250 220 4.21 11 10 30 3,913,129 515,710 3,397,419 41.2 186,460 179,800 576 337 117 26 96 274 238 4.71 13 13 31 152, 562 17,940 134, 622 41.1 7,680 6,690 678 412 130 27 109 316 278 3.88 16 14 32 656,089 75,820 580,269 17.6 148,110 44,040 3,397 2,275 764 106 263 676 698 2.89 163 45 33 31,204,330 2,896,270 28,308,060 52.8 1,323,660 1,664,620 633 369 71 20 83 310 282 5.04 13 16 34 34,170,541 2,726,360 31,444,181 62.9 1,250,990 2,139,180 682 403 88 16 75 334 308 6.84 12 21 35 12,446,546 1,773,550 10,672,996 30.3 619,900 652,870 676 403 153 26 93 238 204 3.96 12 10 36 5,129,918 782,340 4,347,578 31.3 211,110 196, 380 626 275 138 24 88 194 164 4.38 8 7 37 1,049,796 46,380 241,752 1,738,780 4,239,920 174,540 875,256 33.4 50, 070 36,380 641 355 147 30 109 267 214 6.23 12 9 38 6,530 39,860 34.1 2,640 1,610 795 457 175 37 , 126 316 271 4.00 17 11 39 40,550 201,202 12.1 47,810 16,860 4,510 2,963 1,087 131 329 667 547 4.00 130 46 40 216,440 1,522,340 28.7 402,040 82,470 698 479 122 22 75 228 200 3.36 13 11 41 653,150 3,686,770 31.6 206,330 220, 180 858 651 176 28 103 312 271 3.60 15 16 42 344,890 71,370 273,520 19.6 26,450 19, 330 1,705 1,066 371 89 180 422 335 5.20 32 24 43 105,680 12,110 340 16,390 21. 170 84,510 26.7 8,930 4,410 1,107 572 307 77 151 356 286 7.57 30 15 44 2; 450 60 3 060 9,660 280 13,330 24, 640 31.7 41.6 11.9 180 360 897 675 7,468 483 400 6,790 215 100 974 64 50 215 135 125 489 356 340 1,093 284 280 889 8.67 3.29 8.74 5 11 46 46 4,600 1,760 300 117 47 6,020 38,610 11.2 2,800 2,020 2,924 2,152 522 85 166 409 329 6.45 37 27 48 179,710 141,100 20.1 10,040 10,780 1,777 1,102 381 97 197 454 366 4.05 25 27 49 1,997,200 360,140 1,637,060 19.9 153,160 116,630 1,405 830 348 57 170 342 280 4.37 26 20 50 678,070 140,270 2,870 86,790 166,000 923,200 118,920 28,560 560 17,790 30,000 164,310 559,150 111,710 2,310 69,000 136,000 758,890 23.6 23.9 27.3 10.0 16.3 20.1 40,640 11,350 110 19,320 15,600 66,140 37,710 8,280 80 6,770 9,520 54,270 827 1,269 942 6,560 1,582 1,971 422 686 467 4,219 1,101 1,208 234 330 315 1,737 290 466 46 64 57 170 50 67 125 179 113 434 141 230 235 378 319 827 295 483 194 301 257 657 242 397 6.78 6.03 4.60 5.61 3.67 3.41 14 31 12 184 28 35 13 22 9 64 17 28 51 52 63 64 55 56 17,646 340 17,306 5.7 2,200 620 17,917 16,263 953 576 136 1,038 1,018 56.19 129 31 67 3,208 1,136 100 3,108 1,136 14.9 14.6 70 50 50 40 6,201 7,776 4,460 5,500 600 2,000 60 150 91 126 802 ■1,136 777 1,136 135.13 189.33 18 60 12 40 58 69 60 2,762 10,540 2,762 10,300 1.8 440 ioo 74,815 69,200 1,366 4,166 2i5 i,38i i,38i isi. 52 226 50 61 240 8.1 1,640 330 12,638 11,460 920 120 138 1,054 1,030 39.92 164 33 62 63 9,886,800 1,308,370 8,678,430 35.0 430,370 414,130 647 323 123 21 80 221 192 3.85 10 9 64 4,222,210 882,900 42, 580 130, 410 1,512,000 3,096,750 623,490 140,840 5,860 18,200 177,050 342,930 3,598,720 742,060 36,670 112,210 1,334,950 2,763,820 33.6 36.1 34.9 17.6 33.3 39.5 158, 110 37,910 2,420 22,360 81,010 128,570 151, 950 27,670 1,620 8,080 70,410 X54,500 471 568 785 2,699 582 625 246 314 459 1,680 393 411 123 126 166 . 779 102 119 21 27 36 74 19 18 81 101 124 266 68 77 185 244 317 648 219 278 158 205 273 472 194 247 4.10 5.11 3.96 3.21 3.28 3.64 7 10 18 94 12 12 7 8 11 34 10 14 65 66 67 ■68 69 70 310 NEGROES IN THE UNITED STATES. Table 69.— CLASSIFICATION BY TENURE, FOR FARMS OF ALL NEGRO, INDIAN, AND MONGOLIAN FARMERS, OF PRODUCTS, AND EXPENDITURES FOR LABOR AND FERTILIZERS, WITH AVERAGES, FOR MAIN DIVISION, STATE OR TERRITORY, AND TENURE. West Virginia Owners Part owners Owners and tenants Managers Cash tenants Share tenants Southern South Atlantic . . Owners Part owners Owners and tenants , Managers Cash tenants Share tenants North Carolina Owners Part owners Owners and tenants Managers Cash tenants Share tenants South Carolina Owners Part owners Owners and tenants Managers Cash tenants .^^ Share tenants Georgia Owners Part owners Owners and tenants Managers Cash tenants Share tenants Florida Owners- Part owners Owners and tenants Managers Cash tenants Share tenants North Central division Owners Part owners Owners and tenants Managers Cash tenants Share tenants Eastern North Central Owners Part owners Owners and tenants Managers Cash tenants Share tenants Western North Central Owners Part owners Owners and tenants Managers Cash tenants Share tenants South Central division Owners Part owners Owners and tenants Managers Cash tenants Share tenants NUMBER OF FARMS. 742 477 64 68 132 236,617 43, 861 10,219 337 602 92, 990 88,608 54,864 13,204 4,230 86 121 10,331 26,892 85,401 15, 603 3,376 91 180 42,434 23,817 82,826 9,647 1,762 66 208 34,728 36, 615 13,626 6,607 861 94 93 5,497 1,384 16,900 9,645 1,831 135 119 1,726 3,544 6,013 3,122 673 67 46 693 1,513 10,887 6,423 1,158 68 74 1,133 2,031 461,799 86,748 13,895 917 623 171, 105 178,611 1th build- ings. 124 228,174 43,097 10,080 328 574 89,391 84, 7M 53,103 12,996 4,183 86 116 10, 035 25,687 16,237 3,322 89 170 40,647 22,733 9,387 1,740 63 199 33,480 36,017 13,087 6,477 6,329 1,267 16,930 9,061 1,806 131 116 1,621 3,206 6,701 3,024 660 66 46 646 1,361 10, 229 6,027 1,146 66 71 1,075 1,844 431,662 86, 197 13, 666 903 604 162, 848 168,444 acreage; JUNE 1, 1900. 41,684 23, 178 2,496 124 1,529 3,556 10,703 12,939,388 2,677,063 564, 694 24, 761 150, 734 6,169,210 4,363,026 2,955,138 736,069 222,272 7,111 39, 503 610,084 1,340,099 3, 792, 076 792, 704 162, 800 7,163 46, 170 1,768,497 1,014,742 5,474,974 802, 573 116,023 6,666 62, 676 2,666,247 1,941,789 717,200 346, 717 63, 499 4,821 12, 385 234, 382 66, 396 2, 211, 338 1, 680, 063 165,283 15,613 28,893 93,531 228,065 174, 109 43,434 6,166 6,099 31, 294 94,295 1,857,951 1,506,964 121, 849 10,357 23,794 62,237 133,760 22, 974, 781 Per cent Improved. im- proved. 23, 066 '12,708 1,692 111 1,148 1,996 5,411 7,473,822 1, 147, 363 305,673 12,646 41, 014 3,068,964 2,898,272 1,457,247 281,527 110,842 2,737 6,685 289,389 766, 167 2,273,824 369,177 97, 060 3,086 13,215 1,080,297 710,990 3,322,646 66,626 3,196 16, 622 1,520,949 1,377,391 420,106 157, 786 31, 146 8,529 5,592 178, 329 43, 724 736, 699 349, 939 113,668 10, 967 12, 809 • 70, 919 178,397 240,394 97,861 35,246 4,253 3,724 24,001 75,810 496, 305 252,678 . 78,423 6,714 9,085 46, 918 102,587 14,318,745 3,304,875 580,498 42, 200 60,978 5,264,462 5,065,732 55.6 54.8 .67.8 89.5 75.1 66.1 60.6 67.8 42.9 65.1 60.7 27.2 69.4 66.4 49.3 38.2 49.9 38.5 16.7 47.4 57.2 60.0 46.6 59.6 43.1 28.6 61.1 70.1 60.7 42.2 67.4 66.4 29.7 59.5 70.9 58.6 45.6 68.2 73.2 46.2 76.1 65.9 33.3 20.8 68.8 70.7 44.3 75.8 78.2 68.0 65.9 81.1 82.5 73.0 76.7 80.4 26.7 16.8 64.4 64.8 38.2 75.4 76.7 62.3 42.8 61.6 47.1 26.8 70.9 79.2 VALUE OF FARM PROPERTY: JUNE 1, 1900. 9827,711 422,042 53,769 2,518 66,865 68,393 214, 134 128,150,164 24,585,280 6, 621, 676 211,093 1,635,269 48,307,480 47,789,466 28,968,165 6,660,976 2,212,804 54,801 298,015 5,569,103 14,272,466 44,001,272 9,068,210 1,826,183 64,619 433,651 19,177,615 13,431,194 48, 708, 954 6,148,572 1, 111, 769 60,399 616, 590 21,459,790 19,421,834 6,471,773 2,807,622 470,820 41,274 387, 113 2,101,072 S63, 972 34, 332, 862 16, 941, 090 4,261,024 359, 647 965,089 4,060,182 7,765,930 12,827,590 4,871,624 1,642,885 189, 588 349,409 1,676,570 4, 097, 514 21,505,272 12,069,466 2, 608, 139 169, 969 605, 680 2,383,612 3,668,416 824,633,065 83,863,386 13,421,678 1,069,149 4,096,677 113, 156, 790 109,026,385 Lard and improve- ments (except buildings). $553, 670 264, 910 34, 930 1,160 46, 050 41,950 164,680 85,602,036 14,726,606 3,378,380 132, 260 1,116,300 32,601,540 33,747,960 19,191,660 3, 976, 120 1,341,330 33,840 183, 110 3,662,360 9,994,900 30,192,190 5, 704, 140 1,092,200 43,960 301,480 13,044,190 10,006,220 32,519,660 3,571,540 683,750 32,020 354,920 14,572,020 13,305,400 3,698,536 1,473,806 261, 100 22,430 276, 790 1,222,970 441, 440 23,817,650 10,578,530 3,053,280 230,790 707, 020 3,192,000 6,055,930 9,471,620 3, 287, 170 1,192,600 129,860 281, 640 1,331,100 3,249,260 14,346,030 7,291,360 1,860,780 100, 930 425,380 1, 860, 900 2,806,680 204,085,020 46,359,920 8,020,260 571,740 2,129,070 72,439,070 74,664,970 Buildings. $134, 190 73, 910 8,030 460 15,360 13, 010 23,440 18,762,302 4, 657, 612 1, 069, 200 37, 360 . 330, 740 6,211,760 6, .565, 640 5,061,460 1,316,970 444,430 11, 200 84,640 800,840 2,408,380 6,742,370 1,529,520 334,480 9,600 71,280 2, 304, 650 1,492,840 6,821,590 1,173,990 198,890 9,060 88,620 2,780,130 2, 570, 900 1,136,882 537, 132 91,400 7,490 86,200 326,140 88,520 3,734,430 1,940,020 496, 780 67, 060 113, 590 381,270 746, 710 1,632,170 773, 660 215,000 30, 520 34,480 173,090 406, 420 2,102,260 1,166,860 280, 780 26,540 79,110 208,180 341,290 42,808,190 12,694,800 1,843,680 146,630 477,660 13,757,580 13,888,440 Imple- ments and machinery. 821,750 11,280 1,950 50 1,110 2, 870 4,490 1, 138, 980 251, 780 7,480 63,960 1,806,570 1,271,520 957,770 275,860 90,740 1,980 7,680 176, 100 405,410 1,592,770 420,840 90,070 2,010 17, 200 762,810 299,840 298,190 47,750 1,740 20,340 771, 710 544,290 296,720 144,090 23,220 1,750 8,730 95, 960 21, 980 1,209,930 750, 090 137, 440 14,200 16,060 90,450 202,690 381,140 185, 850 52, 290 6,830 4,370 35, 220 96,580 828,790 564, 240 85,150 7,370 10,690 55,230 106, 110 12, 688, 195 3,950,420 559, 110 45,860 98,900 4,429,106 3,604,800 Livestock. 8118,101 71,942 8,849 868 4,355 10, 563 21,624 19,255,546 4,163,082 922,216 34,013 134,279 7,787,610 6,214,346 3,757,275 .992,026 336,304 7,781 22,585 929,803 1,468,776 6,473,942 1,413,710 309,433 9,049 43,591 3,066,865 1,632,294 7,683,694 1,104,852 181,379 7,579 52, 710 3,335,930 3,001,244 1,340,635 652,494 96,100 9,604 16,393 466,012 112, 032 6,670,952 3,672,460 664,524 67,497 119, 419 396,462 760,600 1,342,760 624,944 183,095 22,378 28,919 137,160 346,264 4,228,192 8,047,506 381,42a 35,119 90,500 259,302 414,336 65,061,660 20,858,746 2,998,688 805,019 1,891,047 22,581,035 16,967,175 GENERAL TABLES. 311 THE NUMBER AND ACREAGE OF FARMS, VALUE OF SPECIFIED CLASSES OF FARM PROPERTY, VALUE OF AND MINOR GEOGRAPHIC DIVISIONS, AND FOR EACH OF THE SOUTHERN STATES: 1900— Continued. AVEKASE VALUES PEE FARM, AVERAGE EX- VALUE OF PBODUCTS". 1899. EXPENDITURES: 1899. 1 PENDITURES 1 Farm property: June 1, 1900. Products: 1899. age value per acre of 1899. Per cent and im- Imple- ments and ma- chin- prod- Total. Fed to live stock. Not fed to live stooJs. not fed, to value of prop- erty. Labor. Ferti- lizers. Total. prove- ments (except build- Build- ings. Live stock. Total. Not fed to live stock. ucts of 1899 not fed. Labor. Ferti- lizers. ings). $4.01 rioo.oio $33,330 8166,680 20.1 87,720 82,260 $1,116 $746 8181 $30 $159 $270 $225 810 83 71 120,750 18,660 102,090 24,2 3,360 1,260 885 656 165 24 151 263 214 4,40 7 3 72 13,380 2,690 10,690 19.9 680 30 996 647 149 36 164 248 198 4,28 11 1 7S 640 50 590 23.4 10 10 839 383 150 J7 289 213 197 4„76 3 3 74 5,400 1,500 3,900 5.8 1,200 140 8,358 5,756 1,919 139 544 676 488 2,55 160 18 76 19,580 3,130 16,450 24.1 990 190 1,006 617 191 42 166 288 242 4.63 16 3 76 , 40,260 7,300 32,960 15.4 1,680 630 1,622 1,248 177 34 163 305 260 3.08 12 5 77 75,219,019 6, 571, 750 68,647,269 53.6 3,062,600 4,105,910 642 362 79 19 82 318 290 6,30 13 17 78 12,438,996 1,330,860 11,108,136 45.2 564,690 529,170 560 335 104 26 95 284 263 ■4.15 13 12 79 2,863,333 341, 170 2,522,163 44.9 136,390 143,420 550 330 106 25 90 280 247 4.66 13 14 81 106, 182 11,410 94,772 44.9 5,040 4,980 626 392 111 22 101 315 281 3.83 15 15 81 414, 337 35,270 379, 067 23.2 100,300 27,190 2; 716 1,864 549 90 223 688 630 2.61 167 45 82 29,465,650 2,679,830 26,785,720 55.4 1,221,620 1,482,150 619 349 67 19 84 317 288 5.18 13 16 83 29,930,621 2,173,210 27, 767, 411 58.1 1,044,660 1,919,000 539 381 74 14 70 838 313 6.36 12 22 84 14,999,848 1, 381, 560 18,618,288 47.0 505, 750 844, 720 528 350 92 17 69 273 248 4.61 9 15 86 2,986,350 350, 240 2,636,110 40.2 106,910 136,980 497 301 100 21 75 226 200 3.58 8 10 86 1,071,020 128,510 942, 510 42.6 37,240 55,510 623 317 105 21 80 263 223 4.24 9 13 8V 24,340 2,890 21,460 39.1 910 1,260 637 394 130 23 90 283 249 3.02 11 15 88 73,730 6,590 67,140 22.5 12,100 4,320 2,463 1,513 700 63 187 609 556 1.70 100 36 89 2,759,850 267,580 2,492,270 44.8 91,720 158,730 539 354 78 17 90 267 241 4,09 9 15 90 8,084,558 625,760 7,458,808 62.3 266,870 487, 920 531 372 89 16 65 300 277 6,67 10 18 91 26,590,042 1,929,880 24,660,162 66.0 1,210,370 1, 604, 660 515 353 m 19 76 311 289 . 6,50 14 18 92 4,751,6i82 388,090 4,363,592 48.1 243,110 207, 090 686 368 99 27 91 307 282 5,60 16 13 93 974, 600 100,420 874,180 47.9 60,690 53,320 541 323 99 27 92 289 269 5.37 18 16 94 31, 170 2,240 28,930 44.8 2,230 2,060 710 483 106 22 99 343 818 4.04 25 23 9b 144,450 10,260 134, 190 31.0 38,020 9,330 2,409 1,676 396 96 242 802 746 2.91 211 62 9b 12,322,130 958,610 11,363,520 59.3 526, 590 657, 360 462 308 64 18 72 290 268 6.43 12 16 9V 8,366,010 470,260 7,895,750 58.8 339, 730 676,390 564 420 63 13 68 351 331 7.78 14 24 98 29,943,790 2,767,470 27, 176, 320 55.8 1,212,860 1,684,510 588 393 82 20 93 362 328 4.96 15 20 99 3,094,620 384,940 2, 709, 680 44.1 161,830 151, 680 644 374 123 31 116 324 284 3.38 17 16 106 552, 820 67,130 485, 690 43.7 26, 600 29,240 631 388 113 27 103 314 276 4.19 16 17 101 24, 210 2,820 21, 390 42.4 1,240 1,330 764 485 137 27 115 367 324 3.78 19 20 102 128,830 14,540 114,290 22.1 26,870 8,190 2,484 1,706 426 98 254 619 549 2.17 124 89 103 13,024,100 1,262,290 11,761,810 54.8 561,910 646,090 618 420 80 22 96 375 339 4.60 16 19 104 13, 119, 210 1,035,760 12,083,460 62.2 435,410 848,080 532 364 71 15 82 359 331 23 3,685,339 492,840 3,192,499 49.3 133,620 72, 130 478 273 84 22 99 272 236 4,45 10 6 106 1,606,344 264, 893 207,590 45, 110 1,398,754 219,783 49.8 46.7 42,840 11, 860 \ 33,520 ^6,350 501 563 263 307 96 107 26 27 116 112 286 311 249 268 4,05 4.11 8 14 6 6 107 108 26,462 -67,327 1, 359, 470 3,460 3,880 23,002 65.7 660 330 439' 239 80 18 102 282 245 63, 447 16.4 24, 310 5,350 4,163 2,976 927 94 166 724 682 5.12 261 68 116 191,360 1,168,120 55.6 41,300 19,970 382 223 69 17 83 247 212 4.98 8 i 111 360,843 •41,450 319,393 48.1 12, 650 7,610 480 319 64 16 . 81 261 231 4.81 6 112 6,626,510 1,484,490 5,142,020 15.0 276, 940 16,290 2,032 1,409 221 72 330 392 304 2.33 16 1 113 3,060,280 979, 310 84,180 120 650 730, 570 224,980 21 420 2,329,710 754, 330 62, 760 13,7 17.7 17.5 101,290 46,140 3,560 7,380 1,470 900 1,775 2,322 2,663 1,108 1,668 1,709 203 271 423 79 75 105 386 308 426 321 536 624 244 412 465 1.39 4.56 4.06 11 25 26 1 1 7 114 HE 116 32 660 87, 990 9.2 20,470 190 8,026 5,941 965 127 1,003 1,014 739 3.06 172 2 ir 733,410 ■ 1,648,680 145, 790 329, 070 587,620 1,319,610 14.5 17.0 41,110 64, 370 1,730 4,620 2,352 2,191 1,849 1,709 221 211 62 67 230 214 425 466 840 372 6.28 5.79 18 1 lli HE 2,598,900 563,590 2, 035, 310 16.9 124, 580 13,150 2,133 1,576 272 63 223 432 338 5,76 21 2 12C 1,047,810 383,700 44,400 40,710 280,120 802, 160 245, 180 86,020 10,260 11,280 55,420 155,430 802,630 297,680 34,140 29,430 224, 700 646,730 16.5 18.1 18.0 8.4 13.4 15.8 40,390 22,390 2,200 6,050 17, 110 36,440 5,640 960 90O 190 1,430 4,030 1,560 2,441 2,330 7,765 2,827 2,708 1,063 1,772 1,938 6,269 2,245 2,147 248 319 466 766 292 268 59 78 102 97 59 64 200 272 334 643 231 229 336 570 663 905 472 630 267 442 510 654 379 427 4,61 6,85 6,62 5,77 7,18 6,86 13 33 33 134 29 24 2 1 13 4 2 3 121 12i 12; 12^ 12, 12( 4,027,610 920,900 3, 106, 710 14.4 152,360 3,140 1,975 1,318 193 76 388 370 285 1,67 14 1}) 12 2,012,470 595,610 - 39,780 79,940 453,290 846,520 485,390 138*60 11, 160 21,380 90,370 173, 640 1, 527, 080 456, 660 28,620 X 58,560 362,920 672,880 12.7 17.5 16.8 9.7 15.2 18.3 60,900 23, 750 1,360 14,420 24,000 27,930 1,740 510 1,879 2,262 2,499 8,185 2,104 1,806 1,136 1,607 1,484 6,748 1,642 1,382 182 242 390 1,069 184 168 88 74 108 145 49 52 474 329 617 1,223 229 204 313 614 686 1,080 400 417 238 394 421 791 320 331 1,01 3.76 2,76 2,46 5.83 5.03 9 20 20 195 21 14 .3.... ........ 12! 12 13 13 300 590 13 13 165,895,580 16, 679, 165 149,216,415 46.0 4,984,116 932,328 719 452 95 28 144 367 330 6.49 11 2 13- 32,680,473 5,861,330 400, 379 994, 743 65,973,265 69,995,390 4,649,690 745,050 56,650 92,240 28,030,783 5,106,280 343, 729 902,603 33.4 38.0 32.1 22.0 1,088,180 236,720 16,870 95,330 220,960 38,800 2,590 7,760 967 966 1,166 6,576 534 677 623 3,417 146 133 160 767 46 40 50 159 241 216 333 2,233 377 421 437 1,697 323 367 375 1,449 3.63 4.54 3.84 3.97 13 17 18 153 3 3 3 12 13 13 13 131 6,088,935 59,884,330 62.9 2,210,030 314,768 661 423 80 96 350 8.07 13 2 13 5,046,600 54,948,790 60.4 1,336,986 347, 460 611 418 308 8.59 7 2 1* 1 Less than 81. 312 NEGROES IN THE UNITED STATES. Table 69.— CLASSIFICATION BY TENURE, FOR FARMS OF ALL NEGRO, INDIAN, AND MONGOLIAN FARMERS, OF PRODUCTS, AND EXPENDITURES FOR LABOR AND FERTILIZERS, WITH AVERAGES, FOR MAIN DIVISION, STATE OR TERRITORY, AND TENURE. Eastern South Central. Owners Part owners Owners and tenants Managers Gash tenants Share tenants Kentucky Owners Part owners Owners and tenants Managers Cash tenants .' Share tenants Tennessee Owners Part owners Owners and tenants Managers Cash tenants Share tenants Alabama Owners Part owners Owners and tenants Managers Cash tenants Share tenants Mississippi Owners Part owners Owners and tenants Managers Cash tenants Share tenants Western South Central Owners Part owners Owners and tenants Managers Cash tenants Share tenants Louisiana Owners Part owners Owners and tenants Managers Ca«h tenants Share tenants Arkansas Owners Part owners Owners and tenants Managers Cash tenants Share tenants Indian Territory Owners Part owners Owners and tenants Managers Cash tenants- Share tenants Oklahoma Owners Part owners : . . . Owners and tenants Managers Cash tenants Share tenants NUMBER OF FARMS. Total. 267,895 41,333 8,100 478 324 125, 104 92,566 11,238 4,240 1,080 82 63 789 4,984 33,895 7,602 1,690 134 82 10,909 13,478 94, 083 11, 123 2,871 116 72 56,212 23,689 128,679 18,368 2,469 146 107 57, 194 50,405 183, 904 45,415 6,795 439 299 46,001 85,955 68, 160 8,460 875 43 79 21,201 27,602 46,983 9,991 1,775 175 80 15,842 19, 120 10,064 7,461 148 85 41 341 1,978 3,171 2,378 99 20 8 177 With build- ings. 266,003 40,738 7,985 467 319 118,671 87,823 10, 796 4,193 1,071 82 63 756 4,631 32,365 7,605 1,672 131 79 10,380 12,628 88,625 10,925 2,840 113 72 62, 115 22,560 124,217 18,115 2,402 141 105 55,450 48,004 175,659 44,469 6,681 436 285 44,177 80, 621 65,445 8,177 830 43 79 20,325 25,991 45,301 9,845 1,759 172 78 15, 360 18, 087 9,939 145 86 34 333 1,943 2,240 97 20 8 167 436 acreage: JUNE 1, 1900. Total. 12,621,318 3,273,483 526, 497 , 37, 873 60,388 5,544,632 3,178,446 447, 856 186, 363 43, 938 6,859 8,907 3T, 873 164, 926 1,650,096 406, 257 77, 791 9,776 11,966 535,300 509,006 4,720,167 989, 423 218,780 8,610 14, 212 2, 488, 922 1, 000, 220 5,903,199 1,691,450 185, 988 13,628 25,303 2,482,537 1,604,293 10,353,463 4,443,924 697, 792 51,676 167,056 1, 875, 726 3, 217, 290 2,348,048 676,647 64,169 3,434 19, 666 736,408 847,734 2,303,622 866,617 153,765 15, 910 14,906 623,300 630,124 1,358,241 1,011,992 91,146 11,723 93, 988 51, 121 98,271 601,911 406,486 23,640 9,107 1,482 21,360 40,886 Improved. 8,191,628 1,393,130 300, 633 20,257 28,866 3, 944, 072 2,807,670 341, 163 126,196 36, 010 4,322 6,067 27, 692 140,886 1,036,801 211,282 54,273 6,379 6,901 366, 524 393, 442 3,063,903 401,119 117, 946 4,504 8,649 1,783,909 760, 777 3, 749, 761 654, 683 92, 405 6,062 7,269 1, 766, 947 1,222,565 6,127,117 1,911,745 . 279,865 21,943 35,112 1,320,390 2,568,062 1,574,623 286,731 34,500 1,789 8,251 544,462 698,790 343, 997 72,264 7,471 6,329 463,583 482,572 593,445 467, 287 23,670 5,117 12,290 11,697 78, 384 153,471 116,416 8,386 1,332 638 6,727 20,072 Per cent im- proved. 42.6 67.1 63.6 42.8 71.1 78.9 76.2 67.7 82.0 73.8 68.0 73.1 86.4 66.9 86.0 57.7 77.3 64.9 40.6 53.9 52.3 39.7 71.7 75.1 63.6 38.7 49.7 44.4 28.7 71.2 81.3 69.2 43.0 46.8 42.6 21.0 70.4 79.6 67.1 42.4 53.8 82.1 42.0 73.9 82.4 89.7 39.7 47.0 47.0 35.8 74.4 76.6 43.7 46.2 26.0 43.6 13.1 22.9 74.7 30.6 28.7 35.5 14.6 87.6 31.5 49.1 VALUE OF FARM PROPERTY: JUNE 1, 1900. Total. $171,102,395 31,783,217 6,595,623 453,000 1,499,345 78,447,532 52,323,678 10,954,472 3,359,588 1,190,896 103, 350 434,684 1, 053, 196 4, 812, 559 26, 742, 136 5,681,805 1,467,215 132,364 439,447 9,374,737 9,746,568 46,918,353 7,092,697 ' 1,925,156 88,492 159, 149 27,130,413 10, 525^446 86,487,434 16,749,127 2,012,356 131, 594 466,065 40,889,187 27,239,105 153, 530, 670 62, 080, 169 6, 826, 058 616,149 2,697,332 34, 709, 268 56, 701, 707 38, 030, 298 7,184,692 839, 982 39,549 344, 952 13,494,796 16, 126, 328 34,195,512 8,220,260 1,480,997 171, 789 216,466 13,198,857 10,937,164 19, 616, 869 18,063,014 897,218 169,376 1,283,434 738,776 1,475,051 5,448,781 4,168,813 205,759 93,918 143,419 390, 218 447,167 $108, 320, 780 Land and improve- ments (except buildings). $23, 132, 830 7,231,660 1,890,330 775, 700 61,300 327,830 765, 770 3, 420, 630 16, 955, 790 3,095,950 917, 060 81,730 293,620 6,063,080 6,504,450 29, 077, 810 3, 939, 080 1,100,220 55,670 87,790 17,003,380 6, 891, 670 56,055,620 8, 894, 600 1,150,270 73,650 309, 630 26,111,010 18,516,660 95,764,240 28,540,060 4,077,000 299, 390 1, 110, 300 22,605,830 39,231,660 24,209,830 4,130,640 528,410 19,660 216,020 8,410,210 10,908,890 22,662,880 4,828,310 867,860 99,340 142,490 9,041,940 7, 682, 950 8,037,060 6,291,720 324, 860 49,320 287, 140 253,470 830, 560 3,401,870 2,761,800 141,810 34,630 10,600 131,080 822,450 Buildings. Imple- ment and machinery. 5, 431, 170 1,008,330 64,960 ,264,140 9,463,400 6,900,840 1,723,980 633, 660 182, 020 16, 590 69,950 149, 930 671,840 3,634,360 963,440 210,040 18, 820 94,510 1,095,070 1,262,480 6,135,440 1,229,350 310, 080 9,910 35,930 3,213,450 1,336,720 11,639,050 2, 614, 730 306, 190 19,630 63,750 5,004,950 3,629,800 19,675,360 7,263,130 835,350 81,580 213, 620 4,294,180 6,987,600 6,588,140 1,199,580 123, 690 7,600 58,690 1,976,470 2,222,210 4,217,260 1,176,610 201,270 25,170 86, 710 1,438,300 1,339,290 2,298,310 1,964,300 59,550 22, 820 59,230 37,070 156,340 412,740 825,880 15,020 8,170 7,400 14,260 15,050 $6,852,385 $32,796,400 1,579,250 298,610 17,960 49,770 3,162,056 1,744,750 365, 770 141,490 80,410 3,790 7,000 32,300 120,780 1,270,890 298, 820 66,090 6,460 11,470 390,340 497,210 1,928,260 366, 770 92,680 2,570 10,370 1,104,860 351,110 3,297,975 772,170 89,630 6,130 20,930 1,634,665 775,650 6,835,810 2,371,170 260,600 27,910 49,130 1,267,050 1,860,050 1,440,790 340,600 32,620 1,770 18, 710 840,630 606,460 1,241,860 395,010 65,280 11,610 7,510 447,850 314,700 789, 620 662,590 22,590 7,180 7,690 14,180 75,490 191,960 169,190 6,350 1,7^ 'iSO 7,050 10,920 live stock, 6,952,937 1,346,433 97,750 166,665 15,888,837 8,344,778 1,643,162 694, 118 182, 766 21,870 29,904 115,195 699, 309 1,233,695 274, 028 25,354 39, 947 1,826,247 1,482,428 9,776,853 1,567,497 422,276 17,342 26,059 6,808,733 1,946,946 16,494,789 3,467,727 466,366 33,184 71,755 8,138,662 4,317,095 32,256,260 13,906,809 1,653,206 207,269 1,224,382 6,642,198 8,622,397 6,791,538 1,813,872 168,262 10, 619 52,632 2,567,485 2,488,767 6,073,622 1,820,420 316,697 35,769 29,745 2,270,767 1,600,224 8,491,879 6,144,404 490,228 80,056 929,474 484,066 413, 661 1,442,211 921,473 43,079 62,398 124,689 237,835 62,787 GENERAL TABLES. 313 THE NUMBER AND ACREAGE OF FARMS, VALUE OF SPECIFIED CLASSES OF FARM PROPERTY, VALUE OF AND MINOR GECXJRAPHIC DIVISIONS, AND FOR EACH OF THE SOUTHERN STATES: 1900— Continued. VALUE OF PEODUCTS: 1899. • expenditures: 1899. .AVERAGE^ VALUES PEE PAEM. Aver- value per acre of prod- ucts of 1899 not fed. AVERAGE EX- PENDITURES PER farm: 1899. Farm property: June 1, 1900. Products: 1899. Total. Fed to live stock. Not fed to live stock. Per cent not fed, to value of prop- erty. Labor. Ferti- lizers. Total. Land and im- prove- ments (except build- ings). Build- ings. Imple- ments and ma- chin- ery. Live stock. Total. Not fed to live stock. Labor. Ferti- lizers. 896,306,050 ?9, 163, 285 $87,142,765 50.9 82, 889, 896 8814,688 8639 8404 886 826 8123 8359 8325 86.90 811 $3 141 14,606,191 3,052,650 180,599 264,433 47,542,505 30,759,672 3,511,120 1,985,720 393,990 26,230 39,680 4,351,635 2,366,030 479,730 12,520,471 2,668,660 154,369 224,753 43,190,870 28,393,642 3,031,390 39.4 40.3 34.1 15.0 65.1 54.3 27.7 434,350 109,650 5,790 34,960 1,626,260 678,986 114,090 188,040 32,970 1,980 4,460 281,998 ,306,240 15,850 769 814 948 4,628 627 565 ^75 431 487 570 3,144 399 382 644 132 124 136 815 76 74 153 38 37 38 154 25 19 32 168 166 204 615 127 90 146 351 377 378 816 380 332 312 303 328 323 694 346 307 270 3.82 5.05 4.08 3.72 7.79 8.93 6.77 * 10 14 12 108 13 7 10 4 4 4 14 2 3 1 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 1,102,080 376,920 31,800 62,790 272,570 1, 676, 960 11,090,800 194,470 53,940 5,870 8,580 39,670 177,300 1,421,310 907,610 321,980 26,930 44,210 233, 000 1,498,660 9,669,490 27.0 27.0 26.0 10.2 22.1 31.1 36.2 22,930 13,690 930 7,320 11,970 57,250 243, 670 6,140 1,580 460 240 1,070 6,360 39,830 792 1,103 1,263 6,900 1,335 966 789 446 718 748 5,204 968 687 500 149 169 202 1,110 190 135 107 33 47 46 111 41 24 38 164 169 267 475 146 120 144 260 348 388 838 345 336 327 214 298 316 702 296 301 286 4.87 7.33 4.43 4.96 6.15 9.09 6.24 5 13 11 116 16 11 7 1 1 6 4 1 1 1 149 150 151 152 163 154 165 2,144,020 606,010 46,800 71,160 4,262,140 4,061,670 29,705,806 355,880 85,990 7,960 10,700 613,970 446,810 2,789,510 1,788,140 420,020 37,840 60,460 3,748,170 3,614,860 26,916,295 32.0 28.6 28.6 13.8 40.0 37.1 67.4 64,000 12, 130 2,380 10, 730 95,550 68,880 1,196,230 10, 510 3,060 310 580 7,910 17,460 543,830 734 868 988 5,359 859 723 499 407 543 610 3,679 55& 48? 309 126 124 141 1,153 100 94 65 39 39 48 140 36 37 21 162 162 189 487 167 no 104 282 299 342 868 391 301 316 235 248 282 737 344 268 286 4.40 5.40 3.87 5.06 7.00 7.10 5.70 7 7 18 131 9 5 13 1 2 2 7 1 1 6 156 157 158 159 160 161 162 3,680,471 1,131,570 38,149 56,873 17,835,780 6,962,962 51,998,325 432,050 129,400 4,060 6,760 1,650,100 667,140 4,472,735 3,248,421 1,002,170 34,089 50,113 16,185,680 6, 395, 822 47,626,590 45.8 52.1 39.9 31.6 69.7 60.8 55.0 141,790 55,610 880 8,450 777,860 210,750 1,336,906 88,250 21,050 570 3,310 206,850 223,800 215,178 638 671 737 2,210 483 444 672 364 383 480 1,219 303 291 428 111 108 85 499 67 66 90 33 33 22 144 20 15 26 140 147 160 348 103 82 128 331 394 329 790 317 294 404 292 349 294 696 288 270 369 3.28 4.58 3.96 3.53 6.50 6.39 8.06 13 19 8 117 14 9 10 8 7 5 46 4 9 2 163 164 165 166 167 168 169 7,579,620 1,039,160 64,850 83,610 26,172,015 18,059,080 69,589,530 1,003,320 124,660 8,340 13,640 2,147,995 1,174,780 7,515,880 2,663,970 351, 060 30,420 52,560 1,737,300 2,680,570 1,816,230 6,576,300 914,490 66,610 69,970. 23,024,020 16,884,300 62,073,660 41.8 45.4 42.9 15. 56.3 62.0 40.4 -'216,.630 28,220 1,600 8,460 740,890 342,106 2,094,220 83,140 7,280 640 330 66,168 67, 620 117, 640 857 818 901 4,366 715 540 835 484 468 505 2,894 .467 367 521 142 124 134 596 .87 72 107 42 36 35 196 29 15 32 189 190 227 670 142 86 175 413 423 444 781 440 368 378 358 372 387 654 403 335 338 3.89 4.92 4.16 2.77 9.27 11.22 6.00 12 11 11 79 13 7 11 5 3 4 3 1 1 1 170 171 172 173 174 175 176 18,174,282 2,798,680 219,780 730,310 18,480,760 29,235,718 21,007,620 15,610,312 2,447,620 189,360 677,750 16,693,460 26,665,148 19,192,390 29.8 36.9 30.7 26.1 48.1 46.8 60.6 653,830 127, 170 11,080 60,370 583,770 658,000 662, 140 32,910 5,830 610 3,300 32, 770 42,220 78,410 1,147 1,178 1,404 8,687 754 660 664 629 704 682 3,714 489 457 416 160 144 186 714 93 81 96 52 45 64 164 28 22 25 306 286 472 4,095 144 100 117 400 483 601 2,442 401 340 361 342 422 431 2,267 363 309 330 3.49 4.09 3.66 4.06 8.90 8.25 8.17 14 22 25 202 13 8 11 1 1 1 11 1 (') 1 177 178 179 180 181 182 183 3,003,690 381,100 17,610 97,830 8,228,790 . 9,278,700 17,970,600 372, 240 41,640 2,380 8,740 677,860 712,380 1, 926, 240 2,631,350 339,460 15,230 89,090 7,550,940 8,566,320 16,046,360 36.6 40.4 38.5 25.8 56.0 53.1 46.9 168,260 31,470 1,080 24,050 241,420 206, 860 549,480 20,020 2,940 60 1,670 21,390 32,330 26,040 849 960 920 4,366 637 686 728 488 601 467 2,721 397 397 482 142 141 176 743 93 81 90 40 37 41 237 26 18 27 179 181 247 665 121 90 129 365 436 410 1,238 388 337 382 311 388 354 1,128 356 311 341 3.89 5.29 4.44 4.63 10.26 10.10 6.97 19 36 25 304 11 7 12 2 3 1 21 1 1 1 184 185 186 187 188 189 190 3,737,990 738,990 87,330 72,190 6,997,470 6,336,630 5,234,742 563,470 102,430 10,460 7,790 708,570 542,520 743,370 3,184,520 636, 560 76,870 64,400 6,288,900 5,794,110 4,491,372 38.7 43.9 44.7 29.8 47.6 53.0 22.9 113,280 24,670 6,940 8,800 . 251,970 144,820 240,060 "8,240 2,560 390 1,520 8,240 6,090 823 817 982 2,706 833 572 1,951 483 ! 489 668 1,781 671 402 799 118 113 144 469 91 70 229 40 37 66 94 28 16 78 182 178 204 372 143 84 845 374 416 499 902 442 331 521 319 358 439 805 397 303 447 3.68 4.14 4.83 4.32 10.09 9.20 3.31 11 14 34 110 16 8 24 1 1 2 19 1 (•) 191 192 193 194 196 196 197 3,503,962 227,110 42,100 451,650 333,690 676,230 988,258 599,740 22,820 7,120 17,490 14,180 82,020 205,210' 2,904,222 204,290 34,980 434,160 319,510 594,210 783,048 19.3 22.8 21.9 33.8 43.2 40.3 14.4 188,030 15,210 2,280 12,400 4,690 17,440 30,050 2,019 6,062 1,875 31,303 2,166 746 1,718 843 2,196 580 '7,003 743 420 1,073 263 402 269 1,446 109 79 130 89 163 84 185 41 38 60 824 3,312 942 22,670 1,273 209 465^ 470 1,535 495 11,016 979 342 312 389 1,381 411 10,589 937 300 247 2.87 2.24 2.98 4.62 6.26 6.05 1.56 .26 103 27 302 14 9 9 198 202 204 742,280 56,920 11,170 4,180 50,020 123,688 164, 100 10,320 2,260 770 8,620 19,140 578,180 46,6^D0 8,910 3,410 41,400 104,548 13.9 22.6 9.5 2.4 10.6 23.S 24,060 2, 220 410 90 730 2,540 1,753 2,078 4,696 '17,927 2,205 914 Less thai 1,161 1,427 1,732 1,326 741 659 1$L 137 162 258 925 80 92 67 64 86 91 40 36 388 435 2,620 15,686 1,344 128 312 575 668 622 283 253 243 471 446 426 234 214 1.43 1.97 0.98 2.38 1.94 2.56 10 22 20 11 4 5 . 205 . '^1 . 209 . 210 1 314 NEGROES IN THE UNITED STATES. Table 69.— CLASSIFICATION BY TENURE, FOR FARMS OF ALL NEGRO, INDIAN, AND MONGOLIAN FARMERS, OF PRODUCTS, AND EXPENDITURES FOR LABOR AND FERTILIZERS, WITH AVERAGES, FOR MAIN 212 213 214 216 216 217 219 220 221 222 223 224 227 228 229 230 231 232 234 236 236 237 238 239 240 241 242 243 244 245 DIVISION, STATE OR TERBITcJeY, AND TENURE. Texas Owners... r. Part owners Owners and tenants Managers Cash tenants Share tenants Western division Owners Part owners Owners and tenants Managers Cash tenants Share tenants Rocky Mountain Owners Part Qwners Owners and tenants Managers Cash tenants Share tenants Basin and Plateau. . . Qwners Part owners Owners and tenants Managers Cash tenants Share tenants Pacific Owners Part owners Owners and tenants Managers Cash tenants Share tenants NUMBER OF FARMS. Total. 65,636 17, 125 2,898 116 91 8,440 36,866 8,054 6,467 327 40 44 916 260 2,587 2,442 23 27 2 54 39 2,219 2,127 6 4 6 67 10 3,248 298 9 37 795 211 With build- ings. 62,006 16, 798 2,860 116 86 7,992 34, 164 6,188 34 41 846 231 1,107 6 3 4 56 7 ,737 275 6 36 743 192 acreage: JUNE 1, 1900. Total. 3,841,641 1,484,182 265,072 11,602 37,074 443, 536 1,600,275 836, 400 494, 640 186, 381 8,999 44, 560 64, 421 47, 499 263,679 220,307 11, 140 6,473 81 *2,287 "3,391 73,276 69,964 610 76 886 1,461 290 498, 445 204, 279 173, 681 2,460 43,694 60,673 23,818 Improved. 2,430,492 697,314 141,045 6,234 8,704 293,961 1,283,244 276, 107 161, 683 39,294 3,350 8,336 44, 671 l8, 974 83, 985 75, 471 3,039 2,768 1 1,260 1,456 37,460 35,624 210 60 184 1,220 162 154,662 60,488 36,046 532 8,150 42,091 17,356 Per cent im- proved. 47.0 53.2 54.2 23.6 66.3 80.2 32.7 21.2 37.2 18.7 81.9 39.9 31.9 34.3 27.3 42.6 1.2 65.1 6.2 51.1 60.9 34.4 78.9 20,8 83.5 65.9 31.0 24.7 20.8 21.7 18.7 83.1 72.9 VALUE OF FARM PROPERTY: JUNE 1, 1900. Total. $66,239,210 17,448,900 3,432,099 151, 517 609, 072 6, 886, 615 27, 716, 007 18,802,154 8, 987, 376 992,318 116, 800 693, 220 6,394,676 1,618,265 3,807,806 3, 329, 110 161,613 74,426 2,402 165,424 74, 931 2,638,991 2,465,786 3,813 1,970 28, 103 128,695 10,674 12,366,367 3,192,530 826, 992 39,904 662,715 6,100,556 1, 532, 660 Land and improve- ments (except buildings). $37,462,600 10,627,590. 2,217,580 96, 440 456, 050 4, 669, 130 19,486,810 12,366,466 3,962,315 692,080 72,190 526,800 5,799,980 1,813,100 1,645,145 1, 323, 635 95,730 44,400 250 133, 110 48,020 880, 430 762,690 1,420 1,400 3,630 102,620 8,770 9,840,890 1,876,090 594,930 26,390 522, 920 5,664,250 1,266,310 Buildings. $7,158,920 2,696,890 435, 820 20,920 51,490 828,090 3, 225, 710 1,240,265 638,625 76, 020 10, 970 69, 080 267, 660 178, 910 278, 105 234,215 17,420 6,100 560 7,940 6,880 91, 680 77,630 970 80 2,270 10,070 660 875,480 326, 780 56, 630 4,790 66,260 249,650 171, 370 Imple- ment and machinery. $2,171,580 813, 780 133, 660 5,730 14,690 267, 340 946,480 811,025 611,315 41,630 9,610 41,090 161,840 45,540 272,745 248,065 8,960 6,190 10 7,320 2,220 100,860 93,780 280 160 580 5,550 510 437,420 169,480 82,400 3,260 40,500 148,970 42, 810 Live stock. $9,456,110 3,605,640 646,039 28,427 87,942 1,132,055 4,067,007 4,384,399 3,875,121 183,588 23,630 66,260 165,195 80,715 1, 616, 811 1,523,205 39,413 17,736 1,692 17,054 17,811 1,566,021 1,531,736 1,148 330 21,623 10,455 734 , 20i, 667 820,180 143,032 5,464 33,035 137,686 62, 170 GENERAL TABLES. 315 THE NUMBER AND ACREAGE OF FARMS, VALUE OF SPECIFIED CLASSES OF FARM PROPERTY, VALUE OF AND MINOR GEOGRAPHIC DIVISIONS, AND FOR EACH OF THE SOUTHERN STATES: 1900— Continued. AVERAGE VALUES PER FARM, Aver- age value per acre of prod- ucts of 1899 not fed. AVERAGE EX- PENDITURES • Farm property; June 1, 1900. Products: 1899. PER pasm: 1899. Total. Fed to live stoot. Not fed to live stock. Per cent not fed, to value of prop- erty. Labor. Ferti- lizers. Total. Land and im- prove- ments (except build- ings). Build- ings. Imple- ments and ma- chin- ery. Live stock. Total. Not fed to live stock. Labor. Ferti- lizers. $24,388,310 J2, 826, 830 ?21,661,480 38.3 $612,600 $13,190 $868 $672 $109 $33 $144 $372 $329 $5.61 $9 (') 211 7,186,460 1,394,660 61,570 104,460 2,820,790 12,820,470 4,422,293 974, 420 173,850 8,200 17,770 328,080 1,324,510 552,437 6,212,040 1,220,710 53,370 86,690 2,492,710 11,496,960 3,869,856 35.6 35.6 35.2 14.2 36.2 41.5 20.6 170,200 63,600 1,370 16,030 84,960 287, 340 975,236 4,650 330 160 110 3,140 4,800 16,710 1,019 1,184 1,306 6,693 816 762 2,335 616 765 831 5,001 563 529 1,636 152 160 180 566 98 87 154 47 46 50 160 31 26 101 205 223 245 966 134 110 644 420 481 531 1,148 334 348 549 363 421 460 953 295 312 480 4.19 4.61 4.64 2.34 5.62 7.18 4.63 10 18 12 165 10 8 121 1 (V 2 212 213 214 215 216 217 218 1,652,922 138,440 25,021 108,457, 1,908,870 688,583 774,900 447,126 32,560 5,721 5,877 42,390 18,763 233,590 1,205,796 105,880 19,300 102,580 1,866,480 569,820 541,310 13.4 10.7 16.6 14.8 29.2 35.2 14.2 109, 415 21,140 4,260 40,340 637,810 162,270 86,805 1,610 240 1,390 3,035 2,908 16, 765 6,981 6,224 1,472 613 2,117 1,806 11,973 6,332 6,060 636 99 229 274 1,570 292 688 106 79 127 240 934 177 175 105 699 662 589 1,278 180 311 625 266 423 626 2,465 2,084 2,264 300 187 324 483 2,331 2,038 2,192 209 2.44 0.67 2.14 2.30 34.30 12.00 2.06 17 66 106 917 696 624 34 «1 is' 14 5 1 219 220 ?21 800 12,810 1,250 3,160 222 223 224 226 651,810 25,860 15,930 20 60,840 20,460 362,803 215,860 7,720 4,190 435,950 18,130 11,740 20 58,390 17,080 311, 556 13.1 11.2 15.8 0.8 35.3 22.8 11.8 47,656 540 3,850 80 1,363 7,022 2,756 1,201 3,063 1,921 1,189 642 4,162 1,644 125 2,465 1,231 397 96 757 226 275 147 176 41 101 389 229 5 135 57 45 624 1,714 657 796 316 457 706 267 1,124 590 10 1,127 624 163 178 788 435 10 1,081 438 140 1.98 1.63 1.81 0.25 25.63 0.73 4.25 20 23 142 (') 226 9,27 228 2M 2,460 3,370 51, 247 31,650 3,110 33,020 2,790 290 586 80 15 52 7 230 231 232 292,422 470 401 3,747 63,770 1,993 3,284,590 45,886 270 41 377 4,400 273 267,600 246,536 200 360 3,370 59,370 l,-720 3, 016, 990 10.0 5.2 18.3 12.0 46.1 16.1 24.4 11,170 1,159 636 492 5,621 1,921 1,067 3,804 1,682 2,775 4,434 17,911 7,674 7,264 359 237 360 726 1,532 877 3,030 36 162 . 20 464 160 66 269 44 47 40 116 83 51 135 720 190 82 4,325 166 73 370 137 78 100 749 962 199 1,011 116 33 90 674 886 172 929 3.52 0.33 4.74 3.81 40.64 6.93 6.05 5 233 234 30 1,700 19,990 130 855,410 8 340 298 13 .263 4 2,35 236 237 2,38 13,550 239 708,690 112,120 8,690 104,690 1,784,260 666,140 185,380 24,570 1,490 5,500 35,540 15,120 523,310 87,550 7,200 99, 190 1,748,720 651,020 16.4 10.6 18.0 16.0 28.7 36.0 50,590 20,600 380 38,640 586, 170 159,030 1,530 240 989 1,996 2,933 14,133 6,999 5,964 172 190 632 1,791 314 812' 89 109 362 1,094 188 203 432 480 607 893 173 295 373 376 966 2,829 2,244 2,683 276 294 800 2,681 2,200 2,611 2.56 0.60 2.94 2.28 34.51 23.13 27 69 42 1,044 737 764 1 1 22' 13 4 240 241 242 800 10,020 960 243 244 245 1 Less than $1. 316 NEGROES IN THE UNITED STATES. Table 70.— NUMBER AND TOTAL VALUE OF SPECIFIED DOMESTIC ANIMALS, AND VALUES OF POULTRY AND BEES, AND MINOR GEOGRAPHIC DIVISIONS AND DIVISION, STATE OB TEBBITOBY, AND TENUBE. Continental United States . . . Owners Part owners Owners and tenants - Managers Cash tenants Share tenants North Atlantic division. Owners Part owners Owners and tenants . Managers Cash tenants Share tenants New England. Owners Part owners Owners and tenants . 4lanagers Cosh tenants Share tenants Southern North Atlantic. . Owners Part owners Owners and tenants . Managers Gash tenants Share tenants South Atlantic division. Owners Part owners Owners and tenants . Managers Cash tenants Share tenants Northern South Atlantic. Owners Part owners Owners and tenants . Managers Cash tenants Share tenants Delaware . Owners Part owners Owners and tenants . Managers Cash tenants Share tenants Maryland. Owners Part owners Owners and tenants . Managers Cash tenants Share tenants District of Columbia . Owners Part owners Owners and tenants . Managers Cash tenants Share tenants Virginia . Owners Part owners Owners and tenants . Managers 69 Cash tenants 70 I Share tenants Number of farms. 767, 764 174,434 30,501 1,582 1,824 274, 663 284,760 2,140 1,344 146 319 257 218 7 1 13 46 1,846 1,126 139 5 55 273 248 288, 871 70,330 14, 302 484 970 100,597 102,188 52,264 26,469 4,083 147 368 7,607 13,580 818 297 34 1 15 75 396 5,843 2,882 ■371 9 105 563 1,913 17 44,834 22,809 3,623 134 288 0,891 11, 139 DOMESTIC ANIMALS. Number of farms report- ing. 710,118 166,101 29,572 1,513 1,684 256,660 254,588 1,921 1,197 139 6 61 276 242 249 188 7 1 9 37 7 1,672 1,009 132 5 52 239 235 265,499 65,517 13,775 469 878 92,730 92,130 49,096 24,925 4,023 144 339 6,970 12,694 784 278 34 1 15 72 6,614 2,702 362 7 101 498 1,844 17 42, 087 21,498 3,572 133 213 6,828 10,343 ' Total value. 895, 470, 177 33,911,866 4,917,374 424,095 1,822,312 30,134,618 24,260,013 475,530 31,121 620 32,450 63,207 84,234 42,436 28,996 969 60 6,030 5,118 2,273 433,094 234,902 30,162 660 27,420 58,089 81, 961 22,784,491 6,040,466 1,282,649 49,534 247,091 7,950,828 7,213,933 4,517,003 2,136,829 412,796 17,363 116,956 525,174 1,307,896 138,343 39,620 4,074 110 7,092 11,265 71,282 914,310 326,045 61,638 938 43,710 72,754 410,226 2,106 86 416 1,266 3,365,862 1,704,480 338,722 16,479 61,443 430,020 806,718 Neat cattle. Number of farms report- ing. Total number. 412,201 1,898,233 117, 911 21,006 1,121 1,166 163, 622 117, 376 1,278 815 82 3 161 179 128 3 1 1,114 687 79 2 39 134 173 166,263 44,956 9,273 319 679 65,863 45,283 30, 477 15,816 2,646 103 246 3,764 7,874 423 164 12 1 9 34 213 3,263 1,479 191 3 79 223 1,288 26, 256 13,862 2,404 97 149 3,463 6,290 869, 953 111,067 10,744 64,166 490,231 352,072 7,679 4,444 400 6 367 893 1,469 710 564 7 1 45 73 20 3,880 6 322 1,449 431,934 164,986 25,919 1,026 4,733 136,391 108,879 80,116 40,753 6,022 267 1,736 8,626 22,811 1,462 373 17 2 88 141 841 1,964 13 64,793 35,261 5,221 246 1,082 7,363 16,630 Dairy cows. Number of farms report- ing. 348,867 99,335 18,031 967 971 126,820 10-,s,733 1,176 746 46 141 161 111 3 1 9 13 6 1,031 631 77 2 37 128 166 121,401 34,757 7,042 247 469 40,712 38,174 25,932 13,764 2,231 88 216 2,894 6,749 143 12 1 9 28 196 2,801 1,248 160 2 70 189 1,132 7 22,230 12,018 2,023 83 130 2,636 5,840 Num- ber. 678,980 201,608 31,426 2,223 .3,320 193,320 147,083 4,271 2,429 227 4 183 560 868 401 300 4 1 33 49 14 3,870 2,129 223 3 150 511 854 167,411 63,974 9,891 419 1,436 63,463 48,228 36,414 17,947 3,042 142 716 3,743 9,824 778 225 14 2 42 62 5,247 1,910 274 2 240 414 2,407 12 28,503 16,241 2,689 131 406 3,196 6,840 Other cows. Num- ber of fanHs rej)ort- ing. 72,403 28,247 3,774 271 335 24,082 15,694 54 81 46 6 6 15 23,717 8,003 1,492 54 118 8,630 5,420 2,116 7 18 144 1,744 913 139 6 16 273 Num- ber. 272, 656 169,963 15,646 1,854 13, 643 41,347 30,314 259 124 26 111 26 27 20 66 46,623 19, 621 2,882 124 687 13,384 8,926 3,115 30 7 5 63 566 25 29 343 2,364 1,201 194 5 33 373 558 All other neat cattle. 498,392 63,996 6,667 47,303 256,561 174,675 3,049 1,891 147 2 157 308 644 290 12 19 5 2,789 1,640 144 2 146 289 639 219,000 81,391 13,146 483 2,710 69,644 51,726 41,686 21,870 2,764 119 964 4,370 12,009 589 118 3 74 .365 1,826 363 3 221 415 3,214 33,926 18,819 2,338 110 643 3,784 8,232 Horses. Number of farms report- ing. 360, 567 115,302 20,008 1,064 1,164 120, 810 102,209 1,756 1,099 131 ■ 5 66 244 220 210 161 5 1 8 30 5 126 4 48 214 216 103,009 36,678 7,883 252 621 34,253 23,522 32,788 17,137 3,146 104 260 4,215 7,926 691 246 31 1 13 66 335 4,742 2,280 336 5 87 394 1,641 26,795 14,254 2,787 96 150 3,700 6,859 Num- ber. 830,787 427,713 45,033 3,854 4,710 182,897 166,580 4,003 2,268 296 ■ 10 204 666 266 14 1 26 49 24 2,002 178 517 635 136,004 60,662 10,884 371 1,243 41,158 31,686 61,713 26,813 5,025 187 766 6,075 13,848 1,448 436 55 1 61 122 773 10,205 3,932 674 11 296 858 4,434 31 17 38,964 20,796 4,212 167 373 4,974 8,442 GENERAL TABLES. 317 JUNE 1, 1900, ON FARMS OF ALL NEGEO, INDIAN, AND MONGOLIAN FARMERS CLASSIFIED BY TENURE, FOR MAIN FOR EACH OF THE SOUTHERN STATES. DOMESTIC ANIMALS— continued. Mules. Number of farms report- ing. 360,567 S9,610 12,626 740 806 148,866 128,030 71 71 2 12 15 . U5,209 15,861 4,291 173 379 48,623 45,882 6,815 2,358 525 28 91 897 1,916 147 187 26 1 35 47 263 Number. 513,563 106,447 21,471 1,450 3,127 208,708 172, 360 137 24 18 .28 146,180 21,987 5,736 249 979 61,114 56,115 7,746 3,063 686 44 225 1,096 2,631 256 71 9 1 6 26 143 261 37 3 99 85 473 Aases and burros. Number of farms report- ing. 2,351 1,897 85 23 17 144 186 Number, 6,998 6,168 108 68 77 274 323 184 Sheep. Number of farms report- ing. 6,802 4,311 423 93 127 678 1,170 1 8 •15 1,969 1,003 124 15 69 257 491 806 43 6 48 65 268 12 4 6 213 18 17 137 Number of lambs. 165,119 160,806 2,012 1,116 1,847 2,480 7,358 615 73 163 564 301 73 163 8,488 3,524 644 1,120 2,763 5,144 1,964 237 21 435 347 2,150 66 1,864 294 37 232 121 1,170 Number of sheep lyear and over. 442,946 411, 611 4,322 1,782 3,481 6,273 15,477 1,763 541 21 34 236 931 109 99 442 13 34 234 931 17,472 7,358 .909 79 1,046 1,843 6,237 8,527 3,034 488 43 721 664 3,677 173 2,719 52 381 198 1,719 Swine. Number of farms report- ing. 621,207 126,056 24,738 1,275 1,146 190, 290 177, 702 :^172 752 82 2 30 155 161 3 18 2 1,073 678 80 2 27 137 149 206,426 53, 142 11,393 400 632 71,051 68,808 41,466 21,232 3,481 130 269 5,766 10,689 648 232 28 1 12 61 324 4,381 2,128 291 6 74 387 1,496 Number. 3, 128, 726 969,612 160,333 12,064 16,489 1,070, 267 899,961 6,187 2,946 346 6 153 906 278 3 4? 3 4,860 2,667 343 5 147 868 926,634 275,467 54,705 2,163 6,233 315,431 271, 645 160,946 79, 060 13,218 588 2,150 23,118 42,821 ,2,204 785 73 2 75 148 1,126 20,817 8,483 1,242 14 712 1,742 8,624 11 Goats. Number of farms report- 'ing. 4,613 611 32 60 2»915 1,678 1 3,868 1,661 291 6 25 1,199 686 222 66 Number. 135,549 102, 800 4,061 242 869 16,.677 10,910 14 12 14 12 21, 867 10, 361 1,653 60 319 6,804 3,780 840 3 82 285 Number of farms report- ing. 623,649 1,677 1,067 114 4 53 248 201 245 188 6 1 10 108 3 43 215 194 63,127 12,890 432 703 84,516 81, 388 47,567 26,205 3,841 137 296 6,516 11,673 761 5,019 2,608 343 5 85 446 1,633 Value. $4,019,677 1,214,322 215,073 13,812 18,166 1,337,058 1,221.166 32,045 18,733 1,588 76 1,465 6,090 6,103 4,742 3,707 68 21 225 638 27,303 16,026 1,620 66 1,230 4,462 5,020 1,284,970 416,864 79,676 2.822 '/,666 ' 390,896 387,147 347,969 176,552 31,375 1,142 4,007 43,326 91,567 13,642 5,166 496 16 247 1,086 6,632 76, 374 33,620 4,842 77 1,898 6,302 29, 636 183 Number of farms report- ing. 11, 167 2,067 148 91 8,604 7,285 68 1 2 8 10,872 3,431 743 36 50 3,358 3,264 1,371 719 128 9 8 103 404 57 38 166 Value. $185,086 87, 740 14,207 1,316 1,085 43,410 37, 328 732 62V 44 10 16 135 S75 485 44 10 16 120 60,922 24,362 4,994 225 679 16,104 15,668 9,866 5,219 832 73 94 717 2,930 301 7 95 544 14 1 195 1 720 16 103 5,068 2,111 492 25 52 831 1,667 6,469 2,700 637 39 116 974 2,003 2,144 3,990 35,876 136,220 41,092 261,657 264 36 6 16 27 104 997 172 21 176 128 651 1,687 390 43 206 235 1,429 18,508 3,121 120 175, 5,272 8,680 68, 118 11,706 648 1,323 20, 963 32,572 320 80 81 236 21,983 3,410 128 189 5,928 9,454 133, 756 25,503 1,008 1,788 35,141 64,461 4973— Bull. 8—07 21 1,084 570 102 9 7 91 305 7,767 4,100 660 73 87 608 2,239 318 NEGROES IN THE UNITED STATES. Table 70 — NUMBER AND TOTAL VALUE OF SPECIFIED DOMESTIC AJSTIMALS, AND VALUES OF POULTEY AND BEES, AND MINOE GEOGRAPHIC DIVISIONS AND DIVISION, STATE OE TEBKITOBY, AND TENUBB. West Virginia. Owners Fart owners Owners and tenants . Managers Cash tenants Share tenants Southern South Atlantic . Owners Part owners Owners and tenants . Managers Cash tenants Share tenants North Carolina. Owners Part owners'. Owners and tenants . Managers Cteh tenants Share tenants South Carolina. Owners Part owners Owners and tenants . Cash tenants . . Share tenants. Georgia . Owners Part owners Owners and tenants . Managers Cash tenants Share tenants Elorlda . Owners Part owners Owners and tenants . Managers Cash tenants Share tenants North Central division. Owners Part owners Owners and tenants . Managers Cash tenants Share tenants Eastern North Central . Owners Part owners Owners and tenants . Managers Cash tenants Share tenants ^estem North Central . Owners Part owners Owners and tenants . Managers Cash tenants Share tenants South Central division. Owners Part owners Owners and tenants . Managers Cash tenants Share tenants Number of farms. DOMESTIC ANIMALS. Number of farms report- ing. 477 54 3 8 236,617 43,861 10,219 337 602 92,990 51,864 13,204 4,230 86 121 10,331 26,892 85,401 15,503 3,376 91 180 42,434 23,817 82,826 9,547 1,762 66 208 34,728 36,615 13,526 5,607 851 94 93 5,497 1,384 16,900 9,645 1,831 135 119 1,726 3,544 6,013 3,122 673 67 45 593 1,513 10,887 6,423 1,158 68 74 1,133 2,031 451,799 86,748 13,895 917 623 171,105 178,511 443 54 3 8 62 123 216,404 Total value. $111,383 40,592 9,752 325 639 85,760 79,436 50,062 12,142 4,011 81 114 9,707 24,007 76,464 14,269 3,243 88 168 37,834 20,862 77, 383 3,944 1,704 66 190 33, 112 33,867 12, 495 5,237 794 90 67 5,107 1,200 16,038 9,096 1,787 131 110 1,614 3,300 5,580 2,877 657 64 41 555 1,386 10, 458 6,219 1,130 67 69 1,059 1,914 419, 072 67,446 8,276 826 4,296 9,869 20,670 18, 267, 488 3,903,627 869,863 ■ 32,181 130,135 7,425,654 5,906,038 3,529,590 928,976 316, 331 7,317 21,607 889,935 1,365,425 6,135,820 1,321,193 293,236 8,579 42, 529 2,914,897 1,655,386 7,347,664 1,046,838 171,760 7,251 51,388 3,191,606 2,879,822 1,254,414 607; 621 88,626 9,034 14,611 429,217 106,405 5,390,567 3,698,957 636, 498 54,677 103,347 376, 100 720, 988 1,274,887 592,566 173, 394 21,243 28, 363 130,082 329,239 4,115,680 8,006,391 363,104 33,431 74,984 246,018 391, 749 62, 431, 846 Neat cattle. Number of farms report- ing. 349 87 2 8 50 83 Total number. 2,002 1,217 147 14 80 168 376 351,819 29, 110 6,628 216 334 62,089 37,409 8,264 2,591 5,754 11,482 48,626 10,820 2,400 66' 106 24, 167 11,078 41,577 6,768 1,145 41 121 19, 109 14,393 7,341 3,258 492 61 26 3,059 456 10, 316 6,026 1,335 118 91 918 1,833 3,663 519 55 34 6,653 241,051 63,230 10,078 664 425 96,644 70,010 114, 233 19,897 759 2,997 127,866 86,068 68,486 23,066 6,528 178 349 12,928 25,437 111,431 30,590 6,094 126 759 62,509 21,353 130,771 36,777 4,330 129 1,571 52,256 36,708 41,131 24,800 2,945 326 318 10, 172 2,570 116, 358 92,383 8,695 819 1,912 4,921 7,628 15,205 7,520 2,089 275 474 1,496 3,362 101, 153 84,863 6,606 544 1,438 3,426 4,276 1,265,403 560,272 71,404 8,462 64,872 347, 363 Dairy cows. Number of farms report- ing. 35 2 7 37 81 95,469 21,003 4,811 159 253 37,818 31,425 20,499 5,791 1,901 46 58 3,657 9,047 34, 127 1,531 39 16,\)90 9,403 35,726 6,739 96 16,186 12,679 6,117 2,490 391 296 8,206 4,193 1,270 107 75 844 1,717 3,443 216,469 68,334 9,462 602 366 85,077 62,628 Num- ber. Other cows. Num- ber of farms report- ing. 874 666 64 7 28 66 144 131.997 36,027 6,849 277 720 49,720 38,404 26,147 7,924 2,389 63 107 4,541 11,123 42,976 9,916 1,993 46 169 19,959 10,862 # 51,076 11,284 1,629 65 362 22,091 15,745 U,799 6,873 938 103 82 3,129 671 18,096 9,675 2,780 273 324 1,857 3,186 6,607 3,344 970 102 110 652 1,429 11,488 6,331 1,810 171 214 1,205 1,757 384,085 40 1 1 2 6 21,601 6,939 1,343 48 94 8,332 4,845 4,132 1,490 440 12 16 698 1,476 7,457 2,217' 488 9 32 3,488 1,193 1,966 268 8 38 3,573 2,035 2,124 147 19 8 573 141 2,813 2,364 166 20 27 95 151 297 167 35 8 4 26 57 2,516 2,197 121 12 23 69 94 43,534 16,810 1,949 183 170 15,341 10,081 Num- ber. 90 18, 186 2,666 118 521 12,971 7,947 6,275 20 45 943 2,172 11,671 4,U4 946 27 172 . 4,800 1,612 16,624 .5,979 613 8 238 6,129 3,657 7,838 5,679 426 606 25,973 23,572 1,040 67 367 356 571 603 67 18 44 54 151 25,370 23,303 973 19 323 302 420 171,690 100,609 10,018 1,511 11,729 27,318 20,475 All other neat cattle. 606 70 6 51 97 208 177,114 60,021 10,382 364 1,766 65,174 39,717 36,064 12,729 3,457 95 197 7,444 12, 112 56,785 16,630 3,155 63 418 27,750 8,879 63,071 18,614 2,188 56 971 24,036 17,306 21,494 12,248 1,682 160 170 6,944 1,390 72,290 69,136 4,875 179 1,221 2,708 3,871 7,995 3,907 1,052 155 320 789 1,772 64,295 65,229 3,823 321 901 1,919 2,099 709, 628 318,380 13,215 6,155 11,837 182,722 117, 989 Horses. Number of farms report- ing. 545 365 42 3 8 46 91 70,221 19,441 1,787 118 261 30,038 15,596 18,216 6,012 1,850 38 55 6,264 6,967 22,883 6,372 1,476 33 79 11,830 3,093 21,686 4,841 828 20 90 10,449 6,968 7,436 3,686 683 57 37 2,495 578 14,458 8,339 1,654 128 103 1,354 2,880 4,832 2,464 607 61 39 47S 1,188 9,626 5,875 1,017 67 61 881 1,692 234,120 63,367 10,025 647 447 84,256 75,388 GENERAL TABLES. 319 JUNE 1, 1900, ON FARMS OP ALL NEGRO, INDIAN, AND MONGOLIAN FARMERS CLASSIFIED BY TENURE, FOR MAIN FOR EACH OF THE SOUTHERN STATES— Continued. DOMESTIC ANIMALS — Continued. Mules. Number of farms report- ing. 109,394 18,503 3,766 145 288 47,726 43,966 18,727 4,026 1,525 37 49 5,325 7,765 85,793 Number. 60 4,432 1,207 42 95 17,516 12,501 52,031 4,236 879 45 116 23,415 23,340 2,843 809 155 21 28 1,470 360 3,037 1,089 478 35 34 513 846 129 16 4 108 321 2,191 821 349 19 30 405 567 231,562 42,049 7,700 527 386 99,674 81,226 18,924 5,050 205 754 60,018 68,484 23,063 Asses and burros. Number of farms report- ing. 5,202 1,964 44 110 6,473 9,270 43,760 6,168 1,619 65 235 21,481 14,192 68,081 6,490 1,269 66 343 30,311 29,602 3,531 1,064 198 30 66 1,753 420 6,479 2,176 970 128 208 1,159 1,838 1,716 498 272 37 14 232 4,763 1,678 698 91 194 927 1,175 357,742 79,602 14,674 1,061 1,901 146,327 114,277 Number. Sbeep. Number of farms report- ing. 117 18 5 3 2 2 6 785 10 13 HI 147 21 202 401 62 6 10 120 137 216 Number of lambs. Number of sheep lyear and over. 1,090 663 28 28 66 306 3,344 1,570 162 17 209 773 613 1,650 105 9 1 6 64 41 697 81 16 68 214 284 329 74 18 13 31 81 827 126 13 50 377 258 231 6 1 142 123 156 1,645 971 46 69 74 495 8,945 4,324 421 36 325 1,279 2,660 3,382 Swine. 1,849 226 21 11 169 1,106 1,807 Number of farms report- ing. 364 41 8 7 62 90 163,960 416 20 3 14 70 193 194 46 11 6 22 58 209 136 28 7 7 9 28 8,406 2,160 218 51 42 377 3 203 6 5,986 3,327 724 109 327 340 1,159 4,497 2,409 649 61 158 289 1,031 1,489 862 40 8 225 326 352 1,377 84 12 47 377 1,090 769 236 71 42 408 12 10,489 6,677 1,088 188 534 975 2,027 8,187 31, 910 7,912 270 363 65,286 •68,219 39,991 10, 075 3,387 73 83 7,694 18, 679 65,625 918 175 48 169 61 128 10,608 801 241 542 887 2,543 4,261 860 152 192 881 1,841 2,302 1,416 228 36 842 94 186 42,816 30,467 2,188 275 966 3,090 6,841 10,598 2,536 66 107 27, 529 14,789 68,624 ,7,109 1,363 46 139 26,086 28,881 9,720 4,128 626 86 34 3,977 870 9,176 4,362 1,384 116 69 1,061 2,184 3,938 1,972 564 66 27 365 965 6,238 2,390 830 61 42 696 1,219 304, 069 66,852 11,769 741 398 117,816 106,493 1,664 137 24 36 273 499 764,689 196,417 41,487 1,566 4,083 292,313 228,824 201, 775 66,769 17, 629 426 939 36,308 89,704 200,857 50,530 11,163 248 889 100, 389 37,688 283,335 Number of farms report- ing. 51, 828 7,606 192 1,796 127,316 96, 197 78,722 37,790 5,189 699 469 28,300 6,286 96,159 S: 966 1,715 1,999 12,362 21,288 39,411 17,507 e,154 871 568 4,188 10,133 65,748 24,449 9,685 844 1,441 8,174 11, 156 2,089,445 640, 858 88,340 7,962 7,838 738,997 605,466 337 112 4 119 232 1,371 Number. 1,564 9,980 262 1,464 6 60 22 316 1,161 6,722 631 3,495 736 76 1 7 436 116 1,062 277 43 1 6 487 248 214 31 4 5 119 36 137 95 5,287 2,261 304 21 29 1,699 973 2,104 677 20 550 1,192 4,821 2,605 271 3 53 1,640 349 7,589 16 134 2,717 1,632 4,224 Number of farms report- ing. 440 64 8 8 . 66 117 195,489 2,591 256 31 109 915 322 726 138 172 37, 922 9,049 295 407 78,001 69,815 45,048 11,035 3,730 78 88 8,600 21, 617 70,647 13,376 2,995 73 129 85,068 18,906 68,245 75 87 2 12 6 41 554 324 48 1 84 97 42,691 8,600 1,671 64 142 29,689 28,289 11,649 5,011 753 90 48 4,644 1,103 12,333 22,115 2,369 170 617 10,509 6,921 6,019 1,701 129 86 1,467 2,931 5,138 2,666 630 65 80 493 1,264 7,195 3,853 1,071 64 56 974 1,677 363,936 76,792 12,860 797 476 140,689 132,321 86,113 3,986 494 42 59 694 937,001 240,812 48,201 1,680 3,659 347,669 296, 680 211,591 65, 922 18,111 419 736 38,006 98, 397 325,116 88,682 16,367 427 976 145,968 73, 796 320,207 64,456 9,096 282 1,265 137,973 117,135 80,087 Number of farms report- ing. 41,362 5,627 562 682 25,622 6,252 168,845 77,828 27,094 2,478 1,653 20,277 89, 615 65,323 80, 820 9,337 1,077 641 6,907 16,641 103,622 47,008 17, 757 1,401 1,012 13,370 22,974 64 2,712 616 27 42 3,265 2,860 2,585 1,003 290 12 28 353 2,676 664 165 5 6 1,124 728 3,654 Value. 72? 124 7 6 1,696 1,194 686 318 46 3 3 182 34 295 123 19 4 49 96 280 149 48 7 1 23 67 680,698 104,646 8,322 7,037 916,479 786,741 146 80 12 3 26 39 17,642 7,332 1,175 93 36 6,086 3,920 8605 511 79 15 51, 067 19, 143 4,162 162 486 14,887 12, 728 16, 094 7,129 1,862 45 242 1,862 4,964 13,005 3,985 830 5,000 3,112 15,823 4,658 523 46 67 6,352 4,287 6,134 3,621 947 18 100 1,173 375 5,509 3,265 864 242 105 331 702 2,650 1,558 364 58 15 171 384 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 '108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 U9 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 2,969 127 1,707 600 184 90 160 318 115,992 58,077 8,105 849 391 27,843 20,727 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 320 NEGROES IN THE UNITED STATES. Table TO.— NTJMBER AND TOTAL VALUE OF SPECIFIED DOMESTIC ANIMALS, AND VALUES OF POULTRY AND BEES, AND MINOR GEOGRAPHIC DIVISIONS AND DIVIBION, STATE OR TEBEITOEY, AND TENUKB. Eastern South Central . Owners Part owners Owners and tenants . Managers Cash tenants Share tenants Kentucky. Owners Part owners Owners and tenants . Managers Gash tenants Share tenants Tennessee . Owners Part owners Owners and tenants . Managers Cash tenants Share tenants Alabama. Owners Part owners Owners and tenants . Managers., Gftsh tenants Share tenants Mississippi . Owners Part owners Owners and tenants . Managers Cash tenants Share tenants Western South Central. Owners Part owners Owners and tenants . Managers Gash tenants Share tenants Louisiana . Owners Part owners Owners and tenants . Managers Gash tenants Share tenants Arkansas . Owners Part owners Owners and tenants . Cash tenants.. Share tenants. Indian Territory. Owners Part owners Owners and tenants , Managers Cash tenants Share tenants Oklahoma . Owners Part owners Owners and tenants . Managers Cash tenants Share tenants ....,,. , Number of farms. DOMESTIC ANIMALS. Number Total Neat cattle. Horses. Dalrj cows. Other cows. reports- ing. value. Number olfS,rms report- ing. Total number. Number of farms report- ing. Num- ber. Num- ber of farms report- ing. Num- ber. All other neat cattle. Number of farms reports ing. Num- ber. 267,896 248,132 831,307,466 a64,216 608,444 137,622 213, %3 21,830 35,361 269,120 115,367 176,504 41,333 39,805 6,628,072 31,033 131,328 28,584 51,396 5,040 9,603 70,429 26,544 45,890 8,100 7,832 1,283,480 6,006 21,276 6,646 9,093 889 1,463 • 10,730 6,301 8,996 478 456 93,687 354 1,822 313 660 61 112 1,150 316 640 324 311 163, 078 223 2,798 197 615 73 1,362 120,759 648 82,016 126,104' 117,807 16,212,223 76,227 241,077 66,848 103,867 10,964 16,461 56,200 92,656 81,922 7,927,016 40,373 110,143 36,035 48,442 4,803 7,001 64,700 27, 786 38,315 11,238 10,186 1,549,262 6,401 17,138 6,109 8,180 363 648 8,310 7,017 12,882 4,210 4, 136 654, 663 2,686 680 7,673 1,680 2,696 643 3,638 829 161 270 3 666 2,987 776 5,691 1,626 1,080 1,005 172,790 43 59 792 82 79 20,918 68 202 66 101 8 13 •88 70 181 03 59 29,137 36 373 33 61 6 35 277 60 la ' 789 710 108,854 429 . 1,193 416 21 39 551 601 976 4,984 4,196 562,910 2,513 6,117 2,365 124 232 2,937 2,634 4,468 33,896 31,952 4,646,173 20;547 60,127 19,344 28,280 2,009 2,924 28,923 19,666 33,509 7,602 7,229 1,176,169 5,257 15,862 4,947 7,661 666 782 7,519 4,984 9,333 1,690 1,659 260, 949 1,153 3,053 1,084 1,487 96 156 1,411 1,194 2,097 134 126 24,179 88 272 81 12.S 11 16 13a 90 186 82 81 39, 196 64 664 60 ISO 18 74 300 61 191 10,909 10,645 1,746,369 6,996 21,785 6,628 10,337 740 1,042 10,406 7,334 12,321 13,478 12,212 1,400,812 6,990 18,611 6,644 8,602 578 856 9,154 6,003 9,382 94,083 85, 782 9,367,066 68,267 180,810 49,683 74,677 8,639 13,623 92,710 29,467 39,194 11,123 10, 6U 1,482,830 8,716 36,360 7,580 , 13,159 1,693 3,614 19,687 5,698 8,098 2,871 2,749 403, 759 2,239 8,418 2,033 3,327 392 620 4,471 1,491 2,206 116 109 16,533 100 323 86 136 17 38 160 62 92 72 67 24, 261 54 479 42 126 13 58 296 30 61 66,212 61,052 6,665,979 35,451 105,375 29,968 46,026 4,806 7,050 63,299 17,185 22,763 23,689 21,194 1,863,704 11,698 29,856 9,974 12,805 1,618 2,243 14,807 5,001 6,985 128,679 120,213 16,754,964 69,011 260,369 62,486 102,926 10,929 18,266 129,177 59, 217 90,919 18,368 17,829 3,315,420 14,378 71,543 13,461 27,048 2,630 4,937 39,558 12,875 22,868 2,469 2,419 445,982 1,934 8,125 1,885 3,450 368 619 4,056 1,841 3,168 146 141 31, 967 108 1,025 90 201 25 45 779 94 182 107 104 70,496 70 1,392 62 249 36 664 479 79 266 57,194 65,400 7, 791, 021 33,362 112,724 29,836 47,891 5,397 8,330 56,603 30,180 46,966 60, 405 44, 320 4, 100, 089 19, 172 55,660 . 17, 162 24,087 2,483 3,671 27,802 14,148 18,480 183,904 170, 940 31,124,391 86,835 766,959 78,847 170,122 21,704 136,329 450,608 118,753 290,414 45,415 44,220 13,491,999 32,197 418,944 29,750 79,887 10,770 91,106 247, 961 36, 813 136,626 13,253 5,795 6,716 1,602,408 4,072 50,128 3,817 9,018 1,060 8,595 32,615 4,724 310 6,640 289 936 122 1,399 4,306 331 1,772 1,606 62,448 299 283 1,220,641 202 52,074 169 691 97 10,898 40,486 227 46,001 43,617 6,374,490 20,417 106,286 18,229 33,466 4,377 10,857 61,963 29,056 85, 965 76,786 8, 232, 692 29, 637 122,887 26,593 46, 124 5,278 13,474 63,289 47,602 85,710 68, 160 53,022 6,476,316 23,150 104,639 . 20, 697 38,448 6,108 14,312 61,879 34,169 61,947 8,460 875 43 8,139 862 43 1,442,697 161,128 10,030 5,701 546 37 40,698 2,946 296 6,266 506 36 12,505 1,088 89 1,652 116 14 6,558 297 46 21,635 1,661 160 6,524 721 37 14,612 1,662 142 79 21,201 27,602 72 19,725 24,181 61,210 2,452,396 . 2,367,864 43 8,620 8,203 717 30,720 29,263 30 7,571 7,298 121 13,389 11, 256 18 1,848 1,460 327 3,774 3,310 269 13,657 14,697 67 13,260 13,570 206 22,403 23,122 46, 983 42,862 5,794,083 23,779 108,546 21,862 42,314 5,019 9,686 56,646 24,665 41,698 9,991 1,776 175 80 15,842 19, 120 "9,742 1,726 160 71 16,097 16,067 1,738,929 302,768 34,244 29,212 2,169,984 1,518,946 7,634 1,301 120 49 7,923 6,762 43,260 6,961 945 484 32,732 24, 173 7,266 1,234 116 46 7,133 6,068 16,666 2,709 :349 125 12,737 9,828 1,860 303 43 14 1,630 1,179 3,617 667 120 74 3,224 1,993 23,067 3,695 476 285 16,771 12,362 7,105 1,256 105 53 8,816 7,320 13,475 2,310 240 148 14,738 10,792 10,054 9,864 8,384,808 6,177 307,190 5,759 22, 123 3,184 71,820 213,247 8,964 60,366 7,461 148 85 41 341 1,978 7,365 147 85 41 331 1,896 6,067,210 488, 126 78,815 928,736 431,646 400,276 4,988 108 60 41 156 830 217,544 22,678 2,416 42,621 13,469 8,472 4,669 92 66 36 138 769 18,790 451 285 176 692 1,779 2,725 66 38 34 44 277 65,422 4,297 541 8,368 1,201 1,991 143,882 17,930 1,640 84,077 11,566 4,702 6,804 139 76 40 281 1,614 50,403 1,668 964 951 1,105 6,264 3,171 2,994 1,418,030 1,634 42,321 1,224 2,656 497 11,460 28,215 2,628 22,963 2,378 99 20 8 177 489 2,286 99 20 8 170 411 903,708 41,345 62,060 124,656 236,603 69,768 1,270 71 12 7 93 . 181 22,925 846 2,264 5,429 10,093 764 917 62 11 4 77 153 2,081 146 32 7 134 256 437 16 3 3 12 26 9,333 141 604 1,246 60 67 11,511 559 1,628 4,177 9,899 441 2,044 96 17 6 142 323 20,954 565 134 33 433 844 GENERAL TABLES. 321 JUNE 1, 1900, ON FARMS OF ALL NEGRO, INDIAN, AND MONGOLIAN FARMERS CLASSIFIED BY TENURE, FOR MAIN FOR EACH OF THE SOUTHERN STATES-Continued. DOMESTIC ANIMALS- -continued. POULTRY. BEES. Mules, Asses and burros. Sheep. Swine. Goats. Number of farms report- ing. Number. Number of farms report- ing. Number. Number of farms report- ing. Number of lambs. Number of sheep lyear and 01 er. ■Number of farms • report- ing. Number. Number of farms report- ing. Number. Number of farms report- ing. Value. Number of farms report- ing. Value. 141,688 202,896 360 603 2,169 8,445 18,485 186,597 1,135,146 3,515 24,674 221, 930 81,427,559 9,729 861,386 141 20,400 4,288 290 195 73,672 42,843 3,498 34, 749 7,364 518 854 105,683 53,728 6,184 150 32 4 10 84 70 36 234 43 6 49 163 118 43 1,274 1'47 41 30 285 392 ■100 4,606 681 177 462 713 1,906 2,951 10, 620 1,493 106 690 2,071 3,506 4,246' 32,339 6,691 387 216 89,722 57,242 7,471 242; 462 45,761 3,337 2,941 537,781 302,874 53,928 1,332 215 11 15 1,367 576 53 11,606 1,468 76 283 7,672 3,469 257 37,354 7,690 419 261 105,444 70,862 9,851 299,647 57,710 3,679 3,417 654,686 408,420 90, 191 3,242 625 48 20 4,039 1,765 543 25,218 4,243 484 170 21,928 9,343 3,709 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 1,512 365 41 32 314 1,234 15,440 2,576 661 69 106 647 2,125 24,572 17 5 2 1 3 8 159 22 6 2 1 3 10 263 264 37 9 10 12 68 551 1,417 298 69 264 139 764 1,940 1,911 822 34 390 97 992 3,591 3,066 780 58 35 510 3,022 26, 156 22,768 5,160 622 667 4,172 20,649 171,318 18 12 94 62 3,888 998 66 53 689 4,157 30, 331 37,202 9,490 802 720 6,262 35,715 228,326 316 75 10 6 17 119 1,090 2,263 486 150 47 79 684 7,097 149 160 151 1 7 15 341 2 26 83 1,638 162 153 164 15S 3,593 848 82 48 6,061 4,818 50,047 6,168 1,450 151 189 9,307 7,307 69, 371 87 14 2 3 16 37 58 115 19 4 31 24 70 100 286 46 10 9 49 151 384 786 132 16 101 128 778 1,170 1,593 211 38 157 316 1,276 3,266 5,982 1,407 106 60 8,790 9,811 66,521 43,441 9,795 964 842 57,038 69,248 ' 361,838 86 19 2 4 146 84 1,651 415 78 11 14 642 478 12,546 7,091 1,601 124 70 9,930 11,615 76,046 55,039 12,363 1,092 731 78,869 80,242 388,913 471 104 14 4 218 279 5,034 3,387 718 83 21 1,019 1,874 30,884 166 157 158 159 160 161 162 5,383 1,696 73 46 30,618 12,331 72,703 8,493 2,698 115 162 42,709 ■ 15,194 102,769 12 8 13 13 231 32 1 5 70 45 334 768 69 4 67 166 % 2,384 2,062 199 6 89 621 280 7,392 8,523 2,243 102 48 39,426 16,179 87,449 63,143 16,313 810 440 212,240 69, 892 548,062 574 115 4 4 743 211 1,470 6,019 901 27 145 4,268 1,196 10,133 9,818 2,569 107 62 45,683 17,827 105,702 63,748 16,316 676 717 229,093 78, 364 720,129 1,286 286 14 6 2,626 816 3,062 10,919 2,20J 134 91 13,661 3,878 19, 696 163 164 16fl 2 30 6 97 4 62 8 197 166 167 168 168 9,912 1,479 94 69 36,689 24,460 89, 874 17,512 2,555 183 397 63,020 29,102 154,846 34 6 84 6 493 32 21 6 1.54 128 1,237 1,635 82 89 30 280 268 7,172 5,054 261 29 64 1,037 957 24,331 14,768 2,261 121 73 40,996 29,230 117,472 ' 113,110 1,102 264,331 153,085 954,299 654 69 5 6 471 265 1,772 |i 5,078 437 38 122 2,746 1,712 18,017 16,557 2,432 122 86 49,142 37,363 142,005 143,658 19,541 1,110 1,249 340,472 214,099 1,076,263 1,169 160 • 10 4 1,178 541 7,913 8,649 843 117 U 7,169 2,907 54,606 176 171 179 4 35 19 435 13 64 30 697 173 174 178 176 21,649 3,412 237 191 26,002 38,383 ' 29,090 44,8.53 7,210 543 1,047 40,644 60,549 43,521 292 30 6 3 27 77 45 463 38 10 9 61 116 80 876 71 10 12 92 176 364 6,997 220 64 80 174 637 1,609 19, 837 695 f6 1,019 2,336 6,889 34,513 5,078 354 182 28,094 49,251 30, 789 398,391 42,689 4,615 4,897 201,216 302,591 210,264 929 89 10 14 332 398 359 10,509 891 94 234 2,837 3,452 3,666 39,438 5,270 378 215 35,245 61,459 40,903 380,951 46,935 4,643 3,620 261,793 378,321 310,061 4,090 550 45 16 1,047 2,165 1,073 32,859 3,862 365 221 5,915 11,384 6,162 177 178 179 180 181 182 183 3,926 455 23 49 11,964 12,673 24,867 7,445 986 45 360 17,192 17,603 39,100 26 3 35 8 243 15 4 5 45 52 393 1,242 22 46 35 87 177 1,149 5,336 202 126 88 433 705 3,268 5,608 632 31 40 11,380 13,198 30,270 47,677 4,875 263 675 76,008 80,866 247,586 147 8 1,616 25 6,966 714 41 49 15,160 17, 973 38,038 68,218 6,873 589 1,322 113,528 119,631 270,280 462 47 2,957 261 184 185 186 1 2 13 49 1 • 5 31 89 3 108 96 698 7 1,274 644 4,9.54 187 251 313 1,566 1,561 1,383 9,159 188 189 190 5,759 1,072 95 56 9,716 8,169 3,390 10,267 1,971 193 236 15,493 10,950 10,019 23 6 1 32 7 1 244 40 4 2 36 68 277 833 109 13 1 61 132 1,769 2,067 273 24 23 295 586 4,917 8,027 1,474 136 47 10,480 10, 106 7,883 80,398 13,382 1,360 822 85,112 66,512 166,786 305 54 8 1 186 144 222 2,193 413 71 5 1,276 996 2,672 9,230 1,662 139 53 12,841 14,113 8,779 76,563 13,037 1,442 499 98,985 79,754 98,873 786 115 17 5 346 298 623 4,928 792 83 34 1,798 1,524 8,198 191 192 193 194 9 10 108 ' 35 14 182 196 196 19*- 2,440 68 83 26 134 699 1,035 6,883 244 117 129 260 2,386 2,192 90 5 4 157 5 8 263 4 1 2 2 5 1 1,564 12 5 38 10 130 ■ 2 4,373 28 15 56 95 360 6,080 118 75 33 246 1,331 1,728 139,243 3,647 1,906 2,204 2,910 16,875 19,157 197 3 2 3 4 IS 14 2,409 47 23 17 63 123 81 6,610 131 76 32 289 1,641 2,026 79,906 1,869 1,180 696 2,368 12,866 24,092 516 17 11 4 12 63 8 7,289 233 61 43 63 519 89 19S 198 200 201 1 8 19 1 11 43 202 203 204 759 56 12 1 64 143 1,590 134 30 10 131 297 1 18 42 1 2 1,260 76 17 6 112 267 15,122 1,128 262 96 809 1,740 1 11 2 56 15 1,449 92 18 3 135 329 17,683 1,734 338 33 1,329 2,975 6 82 2nf ?06 ?07 ?0P 1 1 3 4 ?0^ i i i io 21C 322 NEGROES IN THE UNITED STATES. Table 70.— NUMBER AND TOTAL VALUE OF SPECIFIED DOMESTIC ANIMALS, AND VALUES OF POULTRY AND BEES, AND MINOR GEOGRAPHIC DIVISIONS AND DrVISIOK, STATE OR TEEKITOBY, AND TENURE. Number of farms. DOMESTIC ANIMALS. Number of farms report- ing. ) Total value. Neat cattle. Horses. Number of farms report- ing. Total number. Dairy cows. Other cows. All other neat cattle. Number of farms report- ing. Num- ber. Number of farms report- ing. Num- ber. Num- ber of farms report- ing.' Num- ber. I'll 66,636 62,208 89,052,155 32,096 194,264 29,306 64, 581 7,896 29,162 100, 521 48,357 103,451 Owners ?1? 17,125 2,898 116 91 8,440 36,866 8,064 16,688 2,882 112 91 8,194 34,241 7,588 3,349,455 619,041 27, 112 86,727 1,083,962 3,886,868 4,387,743 12,604 2,051 81 62 3,626 13,671 3,293 94, 527 16,697 720 2,823 19,282 60,216 76,969 11,643 1,923 70 54 3,310 12, 305 1,605 29,945 4,624 231 262 6,514 23,005 5,118 4,106 659 24 28 843 2,336 2, 246, M, 176 3,303 88 884 2,698 6,113 29,211 48,406 8,770 401 1,677 10,170 31,097 42,630 14,336 2,512 96 71 6,667 24,775 7,216 36,282 7,148 292 272 13,769 45,688 148,734 fflS m4 HT5 •na m Shft^'P tPTlflTl^^. . . . ?1S Owners •n<^ 6,467 327 40 44 916 260 2,687 6,266 324 32 41 716 209 2,491 3,888,483 181,218 23,416 56,805 157,670 81,151 1,610,803 2,884 237 22 23 56 71 1,364 67, 868 4,649 431 2,282 663 1,066 35,207 1,306 177 8 15 46 63 703 4,247 417 31 71 117 235 2,397 2,016 168 14 14 8 26 994 26,027 1,649 152 833 264 286 13,564 37, 694 2,583 248 1,378 282 645 19,246 5,929 316 32 37 703 199 2,323 137,071 5,927 602 624 2,961 1,749 46,636 29,0 99,1 W,2 22R Casli tenants 224 Wfi Owners s. Wfi 2,442 23 27 2 54 39 2,219 2,127 6 4 5 67 10 3,248 2,367 23 21 1 46 33 2,152 1,518,077 39,086 17, 692 1,577 13, 630 20, 741 1,596,913 1,300 21 17 1 7 18 692 33,317 639 321 105 259 666 23,196 663 19 6 1 3 11 80 2,186 81 12 7 25 86 316 947 16 13 1 3 14 595 12,870 129 127 60 165 233 10,568 18,261 329 182 48 79 347 12,322 2,203 22 21 1 45 31 2,000 43,382 984 374 11 160 725 63,843 29.7 9?Ji 229 9sn Cash tenants 931 Share tenants 939 Ba^n lind Plateau . 9SR 2,077 6 4 5 62 8 2,946 1,563,187 1,133 328 21,606 9,933 727 1,180,027 680 2 21,606 34 76 300 687 1 9,860 2 11,446 32 1,928 6 4 5 49 8 2,892 63,439 28 19 162 158 37 39,255 934 Part owners 9.15 ?3fi Managers . . 6 4 1 1,237 1,381 173 2 18,666 1 3 2 14 5 1 1 657 595 100 1 6,089 784 69 1 11,062 917 Gash tenants. - 9.1S 919 822 2,405 940 1,898 298 9 37 795 211 1,822 295 7 35 618 168 807,219 140,999 5,396 32,623 134,107 69,683 904 214 6 17 46 52 12,945 4,076 110 796 231 398 667 158 2 18 40 42 1,761 336 19 62 78 149 482 151 1 8 4 11 3,297 1,518 25 188 9 62 7,887 2,222 66 546 144 197 1,798 287 7 31 609 160 30,250 4,915 109 351 2,643 987 941 949 941 944 Gash tenants 941 Share tenants . . GENERAL TABLES. 323 JTJNE 1, 1900, ON FARMS OF ALL NEGRO, INDIAN, AND MONGOLIAN FARMERS CLASSIFIED BY TENURE, FOR MAIN FOR EACH OF THE SOUTHERN STATES-Continued. DOMESTIC ANIMALS— continued. — Mules. Asses and burros. Sbeep. Swine. Goats. BEES. Number of farms report- ing. Number. Number of farms report- ing. Number. Number of farms report- ing. Number of lambs. Number of sheep 1 year and over. Number of farms report- Number. Number of farms report- ing. Number. Number of farms report- ing. Value. Number of farms report- ing. Value. 31, 492 60,014 214 303 202 2,663 9,267 46,802 310,507 479 6,744 52,269 $372,957 4,643 S30,998 211 8,765 1,771 74 69 4,124 16,699 688 18,678 3,875 158 322 7,568 29,413 3,026 136 16 1 . 2 15 46 1,404 197 18 1 8 20 69 5,419 126 12 1 3 10 61 822 2,366 77 8,062 192 4 108 198 696 370,406 13,638 2,778 96 66 5,876 24,359 1,364 116,951 19,557 824 1,200 36,377 136,598 13,301 269 22 4,235 391 16,183 2,671 104 78 6,820 27,403 2,648 138,582 23,422 1,094 1,071 46,593 163,195 29,895 2,321 371 17 7 437 1,490 94 17,603 2,676 221 144 2,600 7,954 1,931 212 213 914 6 16 198 134,413 7 37 144 616 205 234 1,679 70,361 216 216 217 218 571 65 5 6 33 • 19 220 2,618 188 12 15 90 102 484 1,388 2 10 5,370 3 37 787 6 9 2 4 15 363 132, 490 80 728 326 60 730 31,573 867,578 116 1,240 902 129 441 73,221 948 110 16 17 207 66 478 8,391 1,103 239 266 2,672 730 2,738 596 2 4 3 5 5 303 69,923 64 20 10 275 69 7,662 2,103 150 13 17 257 108 635 20,299 2,170 114 445 4,317 2,650 5,843 67 12 1,509 200 219 220 oil . 29.3 0.3 70.4 34.9 35.5 • 0.9 9.4 13.3 35.5 30.4 9.2 1.2 0.1 ?, 58.7 0.7 40.6 14.6 26.0 0.6 13.4 . 21.2 38.5 18.9 6.1 1.2 0.1 4 40.6 55.8 29.4 59.2 72.0 22.8 1.8 1.8 11.8 0.5 1.1 0.3 57.7 42.4 68.8 40.3 26.9 76.9 9.2 9.6 58.8 15.4 9.1 39.4 48.5 32.8 0.7 0.9 4.7 9.5 11.0 16.2 39.8 36.2 11.8 38.7 43.0 34.8 26.3 21.9 41.2 18.3 20..3 33.0 12.5 11.4 11.8 5.3 6.4 9.9 4.6 3.7 23.6 0.8 2.4 1.2 0.4 0.2 11.7 0.1 0.1 S R District of Columbia 7 ViTffi"!*'- 24.9 17.8 37.5 0.6 0.7 0.9 14.2 9.6 8.5 22.0 18.6 11.6 8 West Virginia. . q North Carolina in 31.2 22.2 13.7 48.4 21.4 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.7 0.1 68.6 77.6 86.0 50.9 78.5 19.0 49.7 41.9 40.7 38.5 49.6 27.9 44.1 10.2 40.0 1.0 0.6 1.2 1.2 1.8 10.3 9.9 5.8 10.0 5.1 14.3 13.9 6.7 15.9 7.4 36.4 36.0 31.6 40.7 31.6 28.3 30.0 40.4 24.3 36.7 8.6 8.4 12.8 6.7 15.1 1.0 1.2 1.5 1.1 2.2 0.1 0.1 '\. 0.1 11 Soutli Carolina . 1? Georgia . - 13 Florida 14 Soutli Central division - IB 18.7 0.1 81.2 46.7 34.6 1.3 4.8 7.6 32.4 37.6 ll4 1.9 6.1 ifi 48.0 27.8 16.0 16.3 25.5 0.6 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.2 51.4 73.0 84.9 83.6 74 3 7.0 32.2 69.7 44.6 26.0 44.4 39.8 25.2 39.1 48.3 1.4 0.8 1.2 1.5 2.6 9.2 5.5 6.1 3.3 5.6 15.3 9.7 9.9 4.8 7.0 36.0 36.6 36.4 28.0 30.4 23.9 35.1 34.3 41.6 35.6 11.6 10.9 10.9 18.3 16.0 2.6 1.3 1.1 2.5 2.7 0.1 0.1 0.1 (') 0.2 17 Tennessee 18 19 Alabama ^,, Mississippi m m 16.2 25.4 51.3 70.1 30.8 65.3 56.9 76.2 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.1 3.8 0.9 2.1 83.7 • 74.4 48.4 29,6 69.1 30.9 42.2 21.7 36.4 83.7 8.B 7.8 12.9 17.3 13.9 7.7 47.3 40.7 40.1 21.7 66.2 13.6 28.3 14.0 2.6 1.8 1.8 3.3 2.8 0.7 1.1 5.0 5.1 4.8 9.2 7.2 6.4 5.4 6.6 8.3 6.7 6.6 14.1 13.4 7.0 12.1 12.6 9.2 29.6 30.0 32.4 33.8 31.1 34.0 34.0 27.0 37. 37.1 25.3 28.5 34.2 24.5 26.1 22.0 16.8 16.7 13.1 11.9 16.5 16.3 13.8 15.1 2.5' . 2.8 3.7 1.9 2.9 7.2 5.3 10.4 0.3 0.2 0.4 '"'o.'i' 0.8 0.6 3.0 ?? Arkansas 7.S Indian Territory . ; 1A 2B Texas , m North Atlantic division ?7 ■ North Central division. . Wi iLesa than one.teiith of 1 per cent. GENERAL TABLES. 325 DETERMINED BY TENURE, BY VALUE OF PRODUCTS NOT FED TO LIVE STOCK, BY PRINCIPAL SOURCE OF AND FOR THE TWO SOUTHERN DIVISIONS BY STATES AND TERRITORIES: 1900. PEE CENT DERIVING THEIR PRINCIPAL INCOME FROM — PER CENT WITH AN AREA OF— Hay and grain. Vege- tables. Fruits. Lire stock. Dairy prod- uce. Tobac- co. Cot- ton. Rice. Sugar. Flow- ers and plants. Nur- sery prod- ucts. Mis- cella- neous prod- ucts. Under 3 acres. Sand under 10. 10 and under 20. 20 and under 60. 50 and under 100. 100 and under 176. 175 and nnder 260. 260 and under 600. 600 and under 1,000. 1,000 and over. 6.9 2.1 0.3 4.1 0.7 2.6 70.5 0.3 0.1 C) P) 12.4 0.6 6.8 16.0 45.9 18.0 8.9 2.2 1.2 0.3 0.1 1 8.9 3.3 0.5 4.5 0.3 6.1 57.7 0.6 {') C) (') 19.1 1.0 9.5 14.0 42.0 18.8 9.9 2.9 1.4 0.4 0.1 2 17.7 8.6 1.3 15.8 0.6 16.8 1.0 « P) 39.3 1.9 14.6 20.6 30.6 16.8 10.4 3.0 1.8 0.4 0.1 3 21.9 12.2 '"is.'i' 29.4 6.9 16.9 14.9 64.7 7.6 2.2 2.1 5.9 5.1 5.9 0.6 2.0 0.3 30.1 25.8 "i4."6' 28.4 2.0 1.2 3.2 6.9 0.3 0.9 0.3 • 24.0 20.1 11.7 42.2 36.7. 14.7 0.7 2.2 6.9 1.9 3.6 0.8 10.9 19.2 41.2 14.0 15.2 8.3 15.1 20.0 29.4 20.7 16.6 12.6 27.1 20.8 11.8 31.9 27.8 44.6 24.8 12.8 11.7 17.1 20.6 19.3 14.2 15.1 6.1 5.9 1.7 3.3 0.4 0.6 "'o.'i' 4 is. 7 6 11.8 A 16.0 0.4 2.7 1.2 0) 9.7 11.1 9.8 2.6 2.8 2.9 1.6 1.9 1.3 0.4 0.6 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.1 7 70.3 0.7 {') P) (') 9 15.3 5.0 3.6 5.8 4.7 2.1 1.8 1.4 9.1 1.1 0.7 0.1 0.1 1.3 0.1 4.0 1.3 1.0 4.8 3.1 0.2 0.1 0.2 2.3 0.8 10.7 0:5 (•) 0.5 1.1 39.7 78.1 86.7 42.2 81.0 0.3 1.2 0.6 0.1 0.1 1 0.2 A. ....... 27.0 11.9 6.4 33.8 7.8 1.0 1.1 0.3 0.9 0.3 8.7 12.9 3.4 8.4 4.9 16.7 16.9 6.3 12.0 17.4 40.7 43.1 47.9 48.9 48.9 19.3 16.7 23.0 18.2 17.3 10.1 7.2 12.5 8.6 8.1 2.6 1.8 4.3 1.6 1.8 1.4 1.0 1.8 1.0 1.0 0.4 0.2 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 10 11 12 13 (1) P) 14 B.2 1.2 0.1 3.4 0.8 1.8 79.1 0) (■) ?) P) 8.4 0.3 6.8 17.0 49.3 17.3 7.4 1.7 1.0 0.2 P) 15 23.2 17.8 2.6 2.2 4.0 3.9 1.6 0.8 1.1 1.1 0.9 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.1 20.8 10.8 2.0 0.9 2.5 0.5 0.4 1.4 0.6 0.9 30.1 3.7 0.1 50.1 85.7 88.9 83.8 0) p) ....... 20.6 16.3 7.4 6.3 6.9 .1.4 0.5 0.3 0.2 0.3 16.8 6.9 7.7 . 3.4 3.7 24.7 16.9 11.6 20.3 18.0 33.8 46.7 49.4 61.3 48.3 14.5 19.4 19.7 16.3 17.3 7.2 8.0 7.9 6.9 9.2 1.8 1.7 1.9 1.5 1.9 6.7 0.8 1.2 0.9 1.0 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0) 0.1 16 17 0.2 0.1 (') 0.5 w 18 19 20 3.1 3.5 25.7 18.6 3.2 13.8 35.8 24.9 1.2 1.1 2.0 3.4 0.9 16.3 6.1 9.2 0.1 0.1 0.7 0.7 0.1 3.4 2.1 4.7 1.3 3.1 15.2 9.2 2.2 24.8 31.4 80.9 0.2 2.3 1.1 2.1 0.3 11.4 2.9 12.2 ii! 0.1 {■) 0.7 1.0 87.9 80.7 60.1 44.3 85.8 0.7 1.6 3.9 9.2 6.1 21.5 7.6 28.8 20.6 17.2 0.6 0.2 0.5 0.2 0.2 2.8 1.4 3.9 6.3 3.3 6.0 1.1 2.6 20.3 9.7 7.7 26.3 20.4 14.7 2.8 10.6 17.2 13.2 7.1 60.2 49.4 38.3 12.0 47.6 24.6 36,1 11.3 11.1 16.6 18.3 24.4 23.8 19.8 21.6 9.5 6.6 8.3 14.6 66.1 11.3 11.1 12.3 40.1 1.2 1.7 3:1 2.3 2.5 3.1 3.1 6.2 0.7 0.9 3.0 1.1 1.1 0.9 2.1 7.4 0.2 0.2 1.7 'o!i 0.8 21 22 ....... 0.1 0.1 23 24 0.2 0.2 0.4 4.7 0.1 "'o.'i' 2.1 m 0.6 0.2 26 1.0 0.1 27 0.6 0.3 28 326 NEGROES IN THE UNITED STATES. Table 72.— NUMBER OF FARMS, TOTAL ACREAGE, IMPROVED ACREAGE, AND VALUE OF FARM PROPERTY FOR ALL FARMS AND FOR FARMS OPERATED BY NEGROES, WITH THE PER CENT OF THE TOTALS COMPRISED IN FARMS OPERATED BY.NEGROES, FOR CONTINENTAL UNITED STATES BY GEOGRAPHIC DIVISIONS AND FOR THE SOUTHERN DIVISIONS BY STATES AKD TERRITORIES: 1900. OEOGBAPEIC DIVISION AND STATE OB TEKKITOKY. Contineutal United States. . . South Atlantic division ... Northern South Atlantic Delaware Maryland District of Columbia. . . Virginia West Virginia Southern South Atlantic North Carolina South Carolina Georgia Florida South Central division Eastern South Central. . . Kentucky Tennessee Alabama Mississippi Western South Central . . Louisiana Arkansas Indian Territory Oklahoma Texas North Atlantic division North Central division Western division NUMBBE OF FAEMS. Total number of all farms. 962,225 316, 728 9,687 46,012 269 167,886 92,874 645,497 224, 637 165,355 224,691 40,814 1,658,166 903, 313 234,667 224, 623 223,220 220,803 754, 853 115, 969 178,694 46,505 62, 495 352, 190 677, 606 2,196,567 242)908 Farms operated by negroes. Number. 746, 715 287,933 52, 213 817 5,842 17 44,795 742 235,720 53, 996 85,381 82,822 13,621 444,429 11,227 33,883 94,069 128,361 176,899 68,096 46,978 4,097 2,266 66, 472 1,761 14,255 337 Per cent. 13.0 16.5 8.4 12.7 6.3 26.7 0.8 36.6 24.0 56.0 29.6 4.8 16.1 42.1 58.1 50.1 26.3 9.0 3.6 18.6 0.3 0.6 0.1 Total acreage of all farms. 104, 297, 506 36,807,188 1, 066, 228 5,170,075 8,489 19,907,883 10,654,513 67,490,318 22,749,366 13,985,014 26,392,057 4,363,891 267,738,846 31, 247, 643 • 21,979,422 20,342,058 20,685,427 18,240,736 176,491,202 11,059,127 16,636,719 7,269,081 15,719,268 125,807,017 66,409,089 317,349,474 93,796,860 Farms operated by negroes. Acreage. 38, 233, 920 15,673,561 62,558 374,276 308 2,227,198 41,684 12,877,637 2,894,210 3,791,510 5,474,889 717,028 21,712,876 12,601,782 446,955 1,549,683 4, 719, 069 6,886,075 9,111,094 2,843,365 2, 303, 336 361,457 266,967 3,835,979 84,407 787,071 76,005 Per cent. 4.6 7.3 4.9 7.2 3.6 11.2 0.4 19.1 12.7 27.1 20.7 16.4 8.4 16.5 2.0 7.6 22.8 32.3 5.2 21.2 13.8 5.0 1.7 3.0 0.1 0.2 0.1 IMPEOVED ACBEAGB. Total improved acreage in all farms. 46,100,226 19,870,082 754,010 3,516,352 6,934 10,094,805 5,498,981 26, 230, 144 8,327,106 6,776,741 10, 615, 644 1,511,653 80,007,867 40,237,337 13,741,968 10,246,960 8,654,991 7, 594, 428 39, 770, 630 4,666,532 6,963,735 3,062,193 5,511,994 19, 576, 076 38, 920, 614 222,314,099 27,155,681 Farms operated by negroes. Improved acreage. 8, 874, 506 1,421,094 34,608 238,644 232 1,124,544 23,066 7,453,412 1, 437, 313 2,273,501 3,322,596 420,002 13,846,278 8,183,108 340, 832 1,036,640 3,063,679 3,741,957 6,663,170 1,573,507 1, 375, 061 177,027 108, 942 2,428,643 66,079 666,073 20,850 Per cent. 19.3 4.6 6.8 11.1 0.4 28.4 31.3 27.8 17.3 20.1 2.5 10.1 35.4 49.3 14.2 33.7 19.8 6.8 2.0 12.4 0.1 0.3 0.1 VALUE OF FABM PEOPBKTY. Total value for all farms. $20,439,901,164 1,454,031,316 784,301,763 40, 697, 654 204,645,407 11,635,376 323,615,977 203,907,349 669,729,553 233,834,693 153, 591, 159 228,374,637 63,929,064 2,815,823,403 1,196,868,790 471,045,866 341,202,025 179,399,882 204,221,027 1,619,954,613 198,536,906 181,416,001 92,181,615 185,843.818 962,476,273 2,950,632,628 11,504.919,848 1,714,593,969 Farms operated by negroes. Value. 8499,941,234 162,841,284 35,224,811 8,208,572 304,592 24,490,106 827,711 127,616,473 28,458,176 43,992,879 48,698,931 6,466,487 306,665,271 170,985,641 10,960,268 26,735,588 46,908,811 86,390,974 135,679,630 37,996,093 34,191,174 4,391,830 2,921,326 66,180,207 4,776,245 24,608,045 1,050,389 Per cent. 11.2 3.4 4.0 2.6 7.6 0.4 19.1 12.2 28.6 21.3 12.0 10.9 14.3 2.3 7.8 26.1 42.3 8.4 19.1 18.8 4.8 1.6 6.8 0.2 0.2 0.1 GENERAL TABLES. 327 Table 73 — VALUE OF SPECIFIED CLASSES OP FARM PROPERTY FOR ALL FARMS AND FOR FARMS OPERATED BY NEGROES, WITH THE PER CENT OF THE TOTALS COMPRISED IN FARMS OPERATED BY NEGROES, FOR CONTINENTAL UNITED STATES BY GEOGRAPHIC DIVISIONS AND FOR THE SOUTHERN DIVISIONS BY STATES AND TERRITORIES: 1900. LAND AND IMPKOVEMBNTS (EX- CEPT BTJILDIKGS). BUILDINGS. IMPLEMENTS AND MACHINERY. * LIVE STOCK. GEOGRAPHIC DIVISION AND STATE OS TERRITORY. Total value for all farms. Farms operated by negroes. Total value for all farms. Farms operated by negroes. Total value for all farms. Farms operated by negroes. Total value for all farms. Farms operated by negroes. Value. Per cent. Value. Per cent. Value. Per cent. Value. Per cent. Continental United States 813,058,007,995 8324,242,997 2.5 $3,666,639,496 $71,902,265 2.0 8749,775,970 318,859,757 2.5 83,076,477,703 884, 936, 215 2.8 South Atlantic division 899,820,936 106,261,076 11.8 306,528,682 26,668,379 8.7 53,318,890 6,879,229 11.0 194, 362, 808 24,052,600 12.4 Northern South Atlantic . 488, 720, 790 21,006,760 4.3 172,041,420 7,981,545 4.6 25,849,300 1,366,056 5.3 97, 690, 253 4,870,451 5.0 Delaware 23, 768, 820 120,367,550 9,700,230 200,615,080 134,269,110 411,100,146 870,720 4,848,120 276,300 14,467,950 563,670 85, 244, 316 3.7 4.0 2.8 7.2 0.4 20.7 10,667,220 54,810,760 1,573,760 70,963,120 34,026,560 134,487,262 302,730 2,037,240 16,200 5,491,185 134,190 18,676,834 2.8 3.7 1.0 7.7 0.4 13.9 2,150,560 8,611,220 136,060 9,911,040 5,040,420 27,469,590 73,230 331,400 9,790 929,885 21,750 4,513,174 3.4 3.8 7.2 9.4 0.4 16.4 4,111,054 20,855,877 125,326 42,026,737 30,571,259 96,672,655 147,150 991,812 2,302 3, 611, 086 118, 101 19,182,149 8.6 4.8 District of Columbia — 1.8 8.6 West Virginia 0.4 Southern South Atlantic . 19.8 141,955,840 99,805,860 138,616,430 30,823,016 1,661,939,013 18,850,776 30, 186, 395 32,612,900 3,694,246 196,682,266 13.3 30.2 23.5 12.0 11.8 52,700,080 26,956,670 44,864,690 9,976,822 410,732,878 4,979,727 5,741,626 6,818,890 1,136,692 40,734,135 9.4 21.3 15.2 11.4 9.9 9, 072, 600 6,629,770 9,804,010 1, 963, 210 126, 692, 285 941,010 1,592,615 1,683,910 295,639 12,014,612 10.4 24.0 17.2 15.1 9.6 30, 106, 173 20,199,859 36,200,607 11,166,016 616,469,227 3,686,664 6,472,244 7,683,231 1,340,010 57,234,268 12.2 South Carolina 32.0 21.8 Ftorida 12.0 South Central division 9.3 Eastern South Central 708,153,461 108,254,534 15.3 225,627,372 23,113,572 10.2 48,767,235 6,847,843 14.0 213,320,732 32,769,692 15.4 Kentucky 291,117,430 202,013,790 100,165,571 114,866,660 953,785,562 7,228,835 16,950,860 29,072,926 55,001,914 88,427,732 2.5 8.4 29.0 47.9 9.3 90,887,460 ' 63,136,960 34,452,612 37,150,340 185,105,506 1,723,565 3,633,900 6,133,565 11,622,652 17,620,663 1.9 5.8 17.8 31.3 9.5 16,301,860 16,232,670 8,675,900 9,556,805 77,925,050 365,713 1,270,127 1,927,840 3,294,163 6,166,769 2.3 8.3 22.2 34.5 6.6 73,739,106 60,818,606 36,105,799 42,657,222 403,138,495 1,642,165 4,880,701 9,774,481 16,472,346 24,464,566 2.2 Tennessee 8.0 27.1 Mississippi. 38.6 Western South Central . . . 6.1 Tio^tigjn'nfi. 107,730,210 105,106,660 39,188,250 110,209,650 691,560,802 1,503,388,893 7,865,901,053 1,126,958,100 24,187,645 22,660,525 2,253,014 1,912,639 37,414,009 2,664,718 17, 926, 162 718,775 22.5 21.6 6.7 1.7 6.3 0.2 0.2 0.1 33,400,400 30,075,520 7,675,190 13,731,585 100,222,811 973,876,795 1,697,979,385 167,521,766 5,584,345 4,216,715 455,327 211,831 7,152,345 1,465,500 2,933,377 110,874 16.7 14.0 6.9 1.5 7.1 0.2 0.2 0.1 28,636,790 8,760,060 3,939,480 6,673,016 30,125,705 152,806,090 364,062,060 52,897,645 1,439,730 1,241,610 209,403 106,449 2,169,577 206,777 723,125 36,014 6.0 14.2 6.3 1.6 7.2 0.1 0.2 0.1 28,869,506 37,483,771 41,378,696 54,829,568 240,576,955 320,461,860 1,676,977,360 367,216,468 6,783,373 6,072,324 1,474,086 690,607 9,444,276 439,260 3,025,381 184,726 23.6 16.2 Indian Territory Oklahoma 3.6 1.3 3.9 North Atlantic division North Central division 0.1 0.2 0.1 328 NEGROES IN THE UNITED STATES. Table 74.— VALUE OF PKODUOTS, VALUE OF PEODUOTS NOT FED TO LIVE STOCK, AND EXPENDITURES FOR LABOR AND FOR FERTILIZERS, FOR ALL FARMS AND FOR FARMS OPERATED BY NEGROES, WITH THE PER CENT OF THE TOTALS COMPRISED IN FARMS OPERATED BY NEGROES, FOR CONTINENTAL UNITED STATES BY GEOGRAPHIC DIVISIONS AND FOR THE SOUTHERN DIVISIONS BY STATES AND TERRITORIES: 1900. « VALUE or products: 1899. VALUE OF PRODUCTS NOT FED TO LIVE stock: 1899. EXPENDrrUBES FOR LABOR: 1899. EXPENDITURES FOB FEETI- LIZEES; 1899. GEOGRAPHIC DIVISION AND STATE OR TEKRITOBY. Total value for all farms. Farms operated by negroes. Total value for all farms. Farms operated by negroes. Total ex- penditures for all farms. Farms operated by negroes. Total ex- penditures for all farms. Farms operated by negroes. ■ Value. Per cent. Value. Per cent. Expendi- tures. Per cent. Expendi- tures. Per cent. Continental United States 84,717,078,021 8255,750,435 5.4 83,742,136,975, 8229,906,992 6.1 $357,391,930 $8,789,792 2.5 853,430,910 85,614,844 10.5 South Atlantic division . . - 465,492,097 87,413,897 IS. 8 403,521,467 79,096,096" 19.6 87,086,040 3,668,841 9.9 22, 732, 670 4,638,977 20.4 Northern South Atlantic 185, 301, 967 12,431,114 6.7 158,454,197 10,658,782 6.9 . 16,821,180 618,365 3.7 7,267,590 551,692 7.6 Delaware 9,290,777 43,823,419 870,247 86,548,545 44,768,979 280,190,130 344,531 1,997,051 17,646 9,871,876 200,010 74,982,783 8.7 4.6 2.0 11.4 0.4 26.8 7,400,857 35,063,629 845,957 78,546,786 36,608,119 250,067,260 273,241 1,636,931 17,306 8,564,624 166,680 68,436,314 3.7 4.7 2.0 11.6 0.6 27.4 1,075,960 5,715,520 197,420 7,790,720 2,041,660 20,264,860 26,438 153,060, 2,200 428,947 7,720 3,045,476 2.6 2.7 1.1 5.5 0.4 15.0 539,040 2,618,890 22,800 3,681,790 405,270 15,465,080 19,380 116,630 520 412,862 2,260 4,087,385 '8.6 4.5 2.3 11.2 0.6 26.4 Maryland Virginia West Virginia Southern South Atlantic 89,309,638 68,266,912 104,304,476 18,309,104 888,572,699 14,772,766 26,586,962 29,939,421 3,683,634 161, 784, 899 16.5 38.9 28.7 20.1 18.2 79,200,748 62,580,862 92,145,676 16,190,474 764,047,438 18,416,710 24,657,410 27,172,024 3,191,170 145,718,128 16.9 39.4 29.0 19.7 19.1 5,444,950 6,107,100 7, 244, .520 1,468,290 49,448,641. 492,976 1,210,340 1,208,860 133,300 4,768,110 9.1 19.8 6.2 9.1 9.6 4,479,030 4,494,410 5,738,520 753,120 6,711,824 827,110 1,504,275 1,684,010 71,990 930,838 18.5 38.5 7.3 9.6 13.9 South Carolina Georgia Florida 423,812,917 96,234,057 22.7 361,909,762 87,078,521 24.1 19,576,416 2,889,217 14.8 6,337,708 813,209 15.2 123,266,786 106,166,440 91,387,409 102,492,283 465,259,782 8,508,817 11,089,045 29,704,034 51,932,161 65,550,842 2.8 10.4 32.5 60.7 14.1 102,138,255 87,736,180 81,291,719 90,743,658 402,137,676 3,029,449 9, 668, 074 26,915,012 47,465,986 68,689,607 3.0 11.0 33.1 62.3 14.6 6,613,330 4,780,870 4,314,460 3,917,266 29,871,225 114,050 243,640 1,195,230 1,336,297 1,878,893 1.7 5.2 27.7 34.1 6.3 908, 250 898,070 2,599,290 982,098 1,374,116 16,850 5l:?l? 213,782 117,629 1.7 4.4 20.9 22.9 8.6 Mississippi Western South Central 72,667,302 79,649,490 27,672,002 45,447,744 239,828,244 666,347,164 2,860,011,670 336,646,843 20,989,114 17,968,351 1,486,662 739,655 24,367,070 901,799 6,442,806 207,034 28.9 22.6 6.4 1.6 10.2 0.1 0.2 0.1 66,13(8,832 66,076,620 23,237,992 37,887,798 209,846,434 494,422,084 1,791,389,620 288,748,758 19,175,820 16,043,316 1,266,054 611, 512 21,^42,905 683,429 4,238,808 171,531 29.0 24.3 6.4 1.6 10.3 0.1 0.2 0.1 10,692,710 3,171,090 1,315,870 2,359,650 12,331,906 71,197,870 143,820,980 56,340,399 661,365 549,280 •43,696 17,583 607,069 242; 135 29,612 6.2 17.3 3.3 0.7 4.9 0.1 0.2 0.1 1,076,890 172,510 78,405 26,040 7.3 Arkansas Indian Territory Oktahoma 124,716 15,641,995 7,278,695 1,070,726 13,184 28,126 15,717 1,187 North Atlantic division . . North Central division GENERAL TABLES. 329 Table 75 — TOTAL NUMBER OF FARMS AND NUMBER OPERATED BY NEGROES IN EACH CLASS OF FARMS AS DETERMINED BY TENURE, AREA, VALUE OF PRODUCTS OF 1899 NOT FED TO LIVE STOCK, AND PRINCIPAL SOURCE OF INCOME, WITH THE PER CENT WHICH THE NUMBER OF FARMS OPERATED BY NEGROES IN EACH CLASS FORMS OF THE TOTAL NUMBER IN THAT CLASS, FOR CONTINENTAL UNITED STATES AND FOR EACH GEOGRAPHIC DIVISION: 1900. FARMS CLASSIFIED BY TENURE. CONriNENTAL UNITED STATES. KOKTH ATLANTIC DIVISION. SOUTH ATLANTIC DIVISION. NORTH CENTRAL DIVISION. SOUTH CENTRAL DIVISION. WESTERN DIVISION. CLASS OF FAKMS. Total num- ber of farms. Farms oper- ated by negroes. Total num- ber of farms. Farms oper- ated by negroes. Total num- ber of farms. Farms oper- ated by negroes. Total num- ber of farms. Farms oper- ated by negroes. Total num- ber Of farms. Farms oper- ated by negroes. Total num- ber of farms. Farms oper- ated by negroes. Num- ber. Per cent. Num- ber. Per cent. Num- ber. Per cent. Num- ber. Per cent. Num- ber. Per cent. Num- ber. Per cent. All farms . 5,737,372 746,715 13.0 677,606 1,761 0.3 962, 225 287,933 29.9 2,196,567 12,265 0.6 1,658,166 444,429 26.8 242,908 337 0.1 Ettnnsof— 3,148,648 451,376 53,299 59,085 751,665 1,273,299 166,370 29, 956 1,471 1,744 273,560 283,614 5.0 6.6 2.8 3.0 36.4 22.3 490,066 27, 207 6,332 13,119 66, 361 74, 421 1,031 113 6 67 304 240 0.2 0.4 0.1 0.5 0.5 0.3 474,540 46,899 6,073 9,115 172,699 252,899 69,641 14,266 482 966 100,523 102,065 14.7 30.4 7.9 10.6 58.2 40.4 1,271,798 266,405 26,020 19,618 207, 732 404,994 5,078 1,766 128 109 1,708 3,466 0.4 0.7 0.5 0.6 0.8 0.9 743,097 86,469 13,404 9,660 286,091 519,455 80,386 13,789 854 696 170,999 177,806 10.8 15.9 6.4 6.2 59.8 34.2 169, 147 24,396 1,470 7,583 18,782 21,530 234 22 1 7 26 47 0.1 0.1 0.1 1 Part owners Owners and tenants. Managers. Cash tenants Share tenants 0.1 0.2 FARMS CLASSIFIED BY AREA. All farms Farms — Under 3 acres i and under 10 10 and under 20 20 and under 60 50 and under 100 100 and under 175. . , 175 and under 260.. 260 and under 500. . 500 and under 1,000. 1,000 and over 5,737,372 746, 715 41,385 226,844 406, 641 1,267,496 1,366,038 1,422,262 490, 069 377,951 102,526 47,160 4,448 50,831 119,710 343, 173 134,228 66,582" 16,585 8,716 2,007 486 13.0 10.7 22.5 29.4 27.3 9.8 4.7 3.4 2.' 3 2.0 1.0 677,506 1,761 9,102 42,272 51,809 118, 135 191,730 177, 540 56, 666 25, 166 4,040 1,056 433 349 195 65 15 0.3 0.5 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 962,225 287, 933 6,196 54,270 86, 699 265, 623 216, 522 181, 290 75, 197 53, 344 17, 191 5,893 2,850 27, 270 40, 416 120, 979 54, 192 28,556 8,301 4,086 1,065 228 46.0 50.2 46.6 45.5 25.0 15.8 11.0 7.7 6.1 3.9 2,196,567 12,868 57, 835 77, 018 341, 129 562, 891 656, 423 240, 963 194, 126 41,755 11,660 12,255 167 1,192 1,616 4,422 2,661 1,612 379 257 44 15 0.6 1.3 2.1 2.1 1.3 0.5 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 1, 658, 166 444,429 6,776 58,268 173,223 498,491 337, 546 100, 890 74,665 24,824 17,078 1,368 21,985 77, 351 217, 301 77, 004 36, 184 7,779 4,332 889 236 20.2 37.7 44.7 43.6 21.0 10.7 7.7 6; 8 3.6 1.4 6,443 13,209 17, 892 34, 118 28, 370 69,463 16,363 30, 761 14,716 11,573 13 26 24 38 32 136 21 25 16 7 FARMS CLASSIFIED BY VALUE OF PRODUCTS NOT FED TO LIVE STOCK. All farms 6,737,372 746,715 13.0 677,506 1,761 0.3 962, 225 287, 933 29.9 2, 196, 567 12,255 0.6 1, 658, 166 444, 429 26.8 242,908 337 0.1 Farms reporting prod- ucts to the value of— {0 53,353 167,493 305,446 1,247,195 1,602,375 1,378,539 829,142 153,829 10,379 50,794 73,015 247,477 254,490 95,605 14,220 835 19.5 30.3 23.9 19.8 15.9 6.9 1.7 0.5 2,324 12,363 27, 899 123,861 175,424 188; 589 126,368 20,688 ■ 12 95 213 698 432 270 127 14 0.5 0.8 0.8 0.5 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 6,314 49,169 83, 727 293,946 307,431 156,967 55,140 9,531 2,420 27,170 38,329 102,226 87, 652 26,498 3,538 201 38.3 65.3 45.8 34.8 28.5 16.9 6.4 2.1 13,836 34,010 73,232 317,714 506, 327 662,725 506, 663 82,060 138 792 1,644 4,169 3,199 1,690 663 70 1.0 2.3 2.1 1.3 0.6 0.3 0.1 0.1 21,704 61,396 106,921 471,682 564,989 319,663 95,462 16,469 7,792 22,709 32,898 140,394 163,233 66,996 9,867 540 35.9 37.0 30.8 29.8 28.9 21.0 10.3 3.3 9,175 10,555 13, 667 40,102 48,204 50,605 45,609 25,091 17 28 31 91 74 61 35 10 0.2 Jl and under 850 ((50 and under $100... 8100 and under S250 . taSO and under S500.. J500 and under $1,000 81,000 and under $2 500 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 82,500 and over w FARMS CLASSIFIED BY PRINCIPAL SOURCE OF INCOME. 5,737,372 746,715 13.0 677,506 1,761 0.3 962,225 287,933 29.9 2,196,567 12,255 0.6 1,658,166 444,429 26.8 242,908 337 0.1 Farms reporting as .principal crop — Hay and grain Vegetables Fniits 1,319,854 155,788 82,060 1,664,515 357,544 106,250 1,071,646 5,217 7,174 6,159 2,029 1,059,237 51,170 15,526 2,191 30, 922 5,142 19,464 526,225 2,132 1,083 19 7 92,844 3.9 10.0 2.7 2.0 1.4 18.3 19.1 40.9 15.1 0.3 ' 0.3 sis 79,663 44,041 19,762-1 171,139 174,910 6,803 243 287 59 437 201 13 0.3 0.7 0.3 0.3 0.1 0.2 146, 370 29,997 11,282 135,109 11,671 47,824 332,690 2,307 305 318 169 244,183 25,662 9,518 1,293 13,000 947 14,565 166,146 1,722 67 5 1 65,117 17.6 31.7 U.5 9.6 8.1 30.5 49.9 74.6 18.7 1.6 0.6 22.6 796, 985 47,679 20,331 916,907 108,403 10,621 2,243 4,389 622 265 3,846 363 129 126 0.6 1.3 1.3 0.4 0.3 1.2 6.6 224,986 22,261 8,116 271,615 34,940 42,001 736, 612 2,910 4,588 274 287 309,586 20,892 5,068 568 13,536 3,600 4,747 369,963 410 1,010 2 2 34, 641 9.3 22.8 7.0 5.0 10.3 11.3 48.9 14.1 22.0 0.7 0.7 11.2 71,860 11,920 22,569 69,745 27,620 1 84 31 16 104 41 0.1 0.3 0.1 0.1 Dairy produce 0.1 123 3,237 496 178,842 1,258 1,971 836 289,433 16 1.3 900 369 241 37,693 Flowers and plants. . Nursery products — Miscellaneous prod- uc 10 3 608 0.3 0.6 0.3 2 1 68 0.6 0.4 2,620 0.9 0.2 1 Less than one-tenth of 1 per cent. 330 NEGROES IN THE UNITED STATES. Table 76.— NUMBER OF SPECIFIED DOMESTIC ANIMALS ON ALL FAEMS AND ON FARMS OPERATED BY NEGROES WITH PER CENT ON FARMS OPERATED BY NEGROES, FOR CONTINENTAL UNITED STATES AND FOR EACH GEOGRAPHIC DIVISION: 1900. CONTINENTAL UNITED STATES. NORTH ATLANTIC DIVISION. SOUTH ATLANTIC DIVISION. KIND OF DOMESTIC ANIMALS. Number on all farms. On farms operated by negroes. Number on all farms. On farms operated by negroes. Number on all farms. On farms operated by negroes. Number. Per cent. Number. Per cent. Number. Per cent. 67,719,410 17,136,633 11,559,194 39,024,583 18,267,020 3,264,615 94,165 61,503,713 62,868,041 1,870,599 1,457,608 663,101 147,449 757,068 576,526 502,367 1,424 97,560 2,968,074 62,688 2.2 3.2 1.3 1.9 3.2 15.4 1.6 0.2 4.7 3.4 6, 339, 836 3,496,266 221,869 2,621,700 1,699,139 47,655 1,137 4, 247, 100 2,322,206 6,391 6,636 3,868 249 2,619 3,342 136 1 2,338 4,790 14 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 4,431,750 1,383,319 642,080 2,406,351 1,071,070 555,129 2,301 2,698,915 5,562,762 206,289 430,463 166,926 46,399 218,139 136,714 146,710 183 26,439 920,467 21 493 9.7 12.1 Other cows 7.1 All other neat cattle 9.1 12.7 Mules 26.2 Asses and burros 8.0 0.9 Swine ..'.... 16.5 Goats 10.6 NORTH CENTRAL DIVISION. SOUTH CENTRAL DIVISION. WESTERN DIVISION. KIND OF DOMESTIC ANIMALS. Number on all farms. On farms operated by negroes. Number on all farms. On farms operated by negroes. Nvunber on , all farms. On farms operated by negroes. Number. Per cent. Number. Per cent. Number. Per cent. 30,621,413 8,490,284 3,286,064 18,846,066 9,794,262 750,655 19,890 16,180,556 40,474,289 120,036 44,719 16,163 3,286 26,280 30,567 6,202 90 15,966 89, 976 705 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.8 0.5 0.1 0.2 0.6 17,870,663 2, 899, 236 4,612,398 10,369,029 3,424,763 1,789,438 40,057 4,877,473 13,047,827 942,433 970,868 366, 405 96,884 507,569 406,054 350,166 1,133 63,074 1,960,974 40,380 5.4 12.6 2.1 4.9 11.8 19.6 2.8 1.1 15.0 4.3 8,456,749 866,528 2,796,783 4,792,438 2,277,786 121,738 30,780 33,499,669 1,460,957 596,450 4,932 760 1,631 2,661 1,849 154 17 733 1,877 96 0.1 Dairy cows 0.1 Other cows 0.1 All other neat cattle 0.1 0.1 0.1 Asses and burros 0.1 ^'o, Goats (1) 1 Less than one-tenth of 1 per cent. Table 77.— PRODUCTION, IN 1899, OF SPECIFIED CROPS ON FARMS OPERATED BY NEGROES COMPARED WITH THE PRODUCTION ON ALL FARMS, FOR CONTINENTAL UNITED STATES AND FOR THE SOUTH ATLANTIC AND SOUTH CENTRAL DIVISIONS: 1900. Com, bushels Wheat, bushels Oats, bushels Barley, bushels Rye, bushels Buckwheat, bushels Rice, pounds Hay, tons Potatoes, bushels Sweet potatoes, bushels Cotton, bales Tobacco, pounds CONTINENTAL UNITED STATES. Total raised on all farms. 2,666,324,370 658,534,262 943,389,375 119,634,877 25,568,626 11,233,515 250,280,227 =79,251,562 273,318,167 42,517,412 9, 534, 707 868,112,865 Raised on farms operated by negroes. Quantity. 99,512,692 3,669,475 3,366,367 68,610 56,827 19, 313 23,367,482 367,809 2,440,275 8,969,524 3,707,881 88, 179, 141 Per cent. 3.7 0.6 0.4 (') 0.2 0.2 9.3 0.5 0.9 21.1 SOUTH ATLANTIC AND SOUTH CENTRAL DIVISIONS. Total raised on all farms. 629,719,866 93,804,334 62,282,391 685,322 1,242,539 714,623 250,280,227 7,277,440 22,070,164 37,093,657 9,509,023 666,607,230 Raised on farms operated by negroes. Quantity. 92, 861, 118 2,736,266 2,698,614 9,330 29,950 6,407 23,367,482 271,864 1,901,423 8,890,636 3,706,781 86,974,941 Per cent. 14.7 2.9 4.3 ,1.6 2.4 0.9 9.3 3.7 8.6 24.0 39.0 13.1 SOUTH ATLANTIC DIVISION. Total raised on all farms. 169,468,960 31,902,857 14,874,888 109, 559 862,549 704,147 68,686,136 2,194,115 12,150,748 21,881,977 2, 701, 766 300,194,090 Raised on farms operated by negroes. Quantity. 28, 764, 60S 1,617,200 1,408,490 1,390 24,266 6,367 15,469,371 112, 180 1,091,735 6,104,364 1,041,674 61,189,345 Per cent. 17.0 5.1 9.6 1.3 2.8 0.9 22.5 5.1 9.0 23.3 38.6 20.4 SOUTH CENTRAL DIVISION. Total raised on all farms. 460,250,906 61,901,477 47,407,603 475,763 379,990 10,476 181,594,091 5,083,326 9,919,416 15,211,680 6,807,267 365,413,140 Raised on farms operated by negroes. Quantity. 64, 106, 510 1, 119, 066 1,290,024 7,940 6,694 40 7,898,111 159, 684 809,688 3,786,272 2,665,207 25,785,596 Per cent 13.9 1.8 2.7 1.7 1.5 0.4 4.3 3.1 8.2 24.9 39.2 7.1 1 Less than one-tenth oi 1 per cent. ' Hay and forage exclusive of cornstalks. 332 NEGROES IN THE UNITED STATES. Table 7§.— AVERAGE ACREAGE PER FARM, AVERAGE VALUE OF FARM PROPERTY AND FARM PRODUCTS, AND STATE OB TEBEITOBY. AVERAGE ACBEAGB PEK FABM. IVEBAGE VALUE OF FABM PKOPEKTY PEE FABM, Total. Improved, Total. Land and improve- ments (except Duild- ings). Buildings. White farmers. Negro farmers. White farmers. Negro fanners. White farmers. Negro farmers. White farmers. Negro farmers. White farmers. Negro farmers. 160.3 61.2 78.6 31,3 ?4,003 $670 82,557 $434 8700 897 North Atlantic division o 96.7 47.9 • 57.6 31.3 4,361 2,712 2,221 1,613 1,440 832 107.2 49.4 42.4 21.6 3,336 2,208 1,478 1,214 1,276 740 '^ 106.3 123.1 142.7 83.5 82.9 86.0 92.5 43.5 56.2 165.8 45.6 74.4 38.7 47.7 40.3 36.7 64.2 34.3 34.1 39.6 63.5 16.1 18.1 83.9 20,5 29,8 17,3 33,0 2,066 2,923 3,276 4,851 4,922 4,213 4,767 1,001 1,262 7,544 2,251 2,338 2,098 2,801 833 1,211 2^447 1,949 2,516 478 474 6,375 1,170 1,327 1,142 1,566 795 1,181 1,125 1,888 1,770 1,673 1,504 364 535 1,275 842 712 730 848 7 q Connecticut 10 Southern North, Atlantic New York 100.0 82.6 86,5 131.7 60.3 40.9 43.6 54,1 68.9 57.4 59.0 65.3 38,4 30,2 31.1 30.8 4,727 6,614 4,693 1,917 2,516 2,233 3,473 666 2,436 2,716 2,567 1,178 1,249 1,123 2,161 369 1,489 2,016 1,441 416 819 789 918 93 1^ 14 129.0 81.6 69.8 27.2 2,832 675 1,768 403 620 163 16 114.3 119.4 32.6 143.7 U5.2 183.4 64.3 64,1 18,1 49.7 56.0 54,6 81.1 81.6 22.6 72.9 59.4 45,9 42.4 40.8 13.6 26.1 31.1 31.6 4,431 4,890 44,667 2,430 2,204 1,326 1,706 1,405 17,917 W7 1,116 641 2,582 2,876 37,397 1,513 1,451 796 1,066 829 16,253 323 746 362 1,168 1,314 6,181 632 368 283 S70 349 963 122 181 79 17 iq Virginia OO West Virginia North Carolina *w 116.6 146,7 147,4 133,6 144,6 53,6 44,4 66,1 53,0 64,2 40,5 60.1 51.4 40.0 101.7 26,6 26,6 40,1 31.1 46.2 1,207 1,667 1,266 1,739 5,263 627 516 688 478 2,008 723 995 747 994 3,598 349 363 393 273 1,463 281 304 268 324 777 92 67 82 84 239 •>s South Carolina . ?■( 'fi Florida *>fi North Central division Eastern North Central 07 102,7 56,0 76.5 42.8 6,020 2,227 3,608 1,646 830 284 Ohio ■"R 88,8 97.7 124,5 86,6 ' 117,0 189,7 53,7 60.1 66.9 61.1 94.7 71.0 69.7 75.3 105.2. 58. 2( 66,4 128.7 43.6 40.7 43,2 42,6 42,4 48,7 4,848 4,421 7,618 3,404 4,789 6,624 2,186 2,240 2,238 2,303 2,284 1,847 2,963 3,106 5,756 2,088 3,130 3,694 1,601 1,670 1,739 1,540 1,667 1,328 796 697 956 784 919 721 291 273 228 <.04 334 207 oq Indiana sn DllnoiB. . SI 1? Wisconsin IS Western North Central ... S4 169,7 151,3 120,5 349,7 363.4 246,4 242,2 194,6 144,9 76,8 54,8 754,0 631,0 193,2 97.4 48.9 119.4 130.8 • 81.1 218.2 220.6 161,9 146,5 64.5 60,5 61,2 39,5 223,- 3 206,2 106.9 66.8 31.2 5,106 8,028 3,662 5,769 5,751 6,164 5,022 2,065 3,218 8,917 1,610 5,277 6,264 3,565 2,109 690 3,621 6,500 2,464 3,932 3,658 4,009 3,091 1,208 2,313 2,732 1,183 3,440 3,725 2,239 1,473 443 714 1,054 527 574 603 761 648 305 630 503 174 438 494 324 249 91 S'i Sfi S7 North Dakota ilA St ■in £ansas 41 South Central division. .. Eastern South Central 4? 108,0 47.1 60.4 80.6 1,613 639 944 405 319 86 Kentucky 4S 96,4 98,5 123,6 133,9 291,0 39.8 45,7 50,2 46,9 61.6 60.0 48.3 43.3 41.7 58.9 30.4 30,6 32,6 29,2- 32,0 2,069 1,649 1,026 1,278 2,668 976 789 499 673 767 1,270 970 651 649 1,603 644 500 309 428 500 399 312 219 277 290 153 107 65 91 100 44 Tennessee . 45 46 Mississippi 47 WestemSouthCentral Louisiana 48 160,7 108,8 166,7 256,6 425,5 396,8 40.3 49.0 88.2 118.3 58,6 225.6 53.5 42,4 69,6 90,3 59,8 114,5 27,1 29,3 43,2 48.3 37.1 61,9 2,776 1,118 2,047 3,032 3,161 7,221 664 728 1,072 1,295 858 3,117 1,445 626 879 1,800 1,933 4,746 416 482 550 847 672 2,133 481 196 152 224 826 708 96 90 lU 95 109 329 44 Arkansas fin 51 Oklahoma fi'' Texas •is Western division Rocky Mountain M 626,7 346.4 90,5 39,1 6,497 2,468 3,049 1,678 647 294 55 904,9 183,8 1,368.0 884.2 463.6 339.6 210.0 122.8 400.0 190.1 1,327.0 141.5 131,6 81.7 133,5 92.2 27,8 72,4 37,1 ■53,4 25,0 43,4 16,8 64,0 8,950 3,892 11,378 6,633 4,860 6,215 2,222 2,674 1,654 2,692 2,306 4,392 4,007 2,060 3,952 3,664 1,556 2,641 1,422 1,841 800 1,772 1,688 2,304 711 397 594 649 326 603 263 205 300 330 246 402 56 Idaho 57 n« Colorado ftq 6n Basin and Plateau 61 471.6 214.0 1,272.1 889.0 123. 3 68.9 636.0 176.4 66,6 63,6 283,2 134.4 31,6 27,5 263,3 74.6 6,966 3,906 14,188 7,969 4,398 1,880 13,573 3,272 2,694 2,087 6,565 6,022 1,797 1,391 8,183 2,341 566 654 1,168 811 423 259 817 337 6'' Utah 6S Nevada . .' 64 Pacific 65 260.9 279.6 404.0 145.6 179.3 188,6 106.9 93,1 167,6 23,1 35,9 99,6 4,417 4,861 11,103 2,386 2,744 3,687 3,053 3,181 8,779 1,696 1,664 2,673 501 541 1,084 307 349 847 66 Oregon 67 Calfiomla GENERAL TABLES. 333 AVERAGE EXPENDITURES FOR FARMS OF NEGRO AND OF WHITE FARMERS, BY STATES AND TERRITORIES: 1900. AVERAGE VALUE OF FAKM PROPERTY PER FARM— continued . AVERAGE VALUE OF PRODUCTS PER FARM: 1899. AVERAGE VALUE PER AVERAGI': KXPKNDITURES PER FARM: 1899. Implements and machinery. Live stock. All products. Products not fed to live stock. NOT FED TO LIVE stock: 1899. For labor. For fertilizers White farmers. Negro farmers. White farmers. Negro farmers. White farmers. Negro farmers. White farmers. Negro farmers. White farmers. Negro farmers. White farmers. Negro farmers. White farmers. Negro farmers. S147 $25 $599 $114 $896 $343 $705 8808 $4.40 $6.01 $70 $12 $10 $8 1 226 117 474 250 985 512 731 388 7.66 8.10 106 49 23 16 2 191 81 390 173 884 489 661 398 6.16 8.07 108 52 . 22 17 3 148 176 228 235 232 184 240 55 85 179 81 120 69 124 289 360 539 420 473 407 507 114 168 715 158 179 157 263 626 748 1,014 1,123 1,156 1,052 1,026 261 377 1,816 543 396 431 616 460 543 664 904 979 822 759 209 272 1,271 448 352 359 386 4.33 4.41 4,66 10.82 11.81 9.56 8.20 4.80 4.84 8.16 9.84 4.74 9.28 8.10 45 79 95 199 188 153 104 16 23 85 57 66 54 48 14 13 14 35 48 40 23 5 9 11 11 38 19 16 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 248 271 228 70 148 114 114 20 565 612 457 253 300 207 280 84 1,084 1,270 928 561 547 532 481 304 804 1,020 673 481 387 417 361 276 8.03 12.36 7.79 3.66 6.42 10.17 8.31 6.08 120 196 74 50 46 56 45 13 20 63 21 27 8 27 13 16 11 12 13 U 93 26 351 93 654 238 540 204 4.19 8.95 61 12 25 10 15 234 206 501 73 54 56 90 57 676 21 30 19 447 494 488 312 331 190 180 . 170 135 81 159 81 1,009 1,041 3,383 623 484 601 422 342 1,038 220 270 318 804 832 3,288 528 396 444 335 280 1,018 191 225 290 7.03 6.97 101.29 3.67 3.43 3.88 5.20 4.87 56.19 3.85 4.01 6.81 118 138 775 60 22 42 32 26 129 10 10 13 59 62 88 27 4 28 24 20 31 9 3 17 16 17 18 19 20 21 48 72 67 61 167 18 19 20 22 69 155 196 194 360 721 68 76 93 99 247 438 696 524 586 1,080 274 311 361 272 444 386 641 458 476 820 249 289 328 286 346 3.81 3.72 3.11 8.56 5.67 4.64 6.60 4.96 4.45 5.39 29 70 48 49 66 9 14 16 10 20 21 43 29 25 3 15 18 20 5 1 22 23 24 26 26 148 63 534 234 981 473 747 372 7.28 6.77 60 23 5 2 27 132 123 171 142 172 187 60 57 68 89 77 56 457 495 736 390 668 922 234 240 213 270 316 256 933 924 1,314 723 930 1,186 500 476 432 480 601 423 729 705 1,003 542 684 897 402 375 834 364 352 327 8.20 7.21 8.05 6.25 5.85 4.73 7.60 7.48 5.97 5.96 3.72 4.60 53 44 84 53 62 72 23 21 23 28 11 17 10 7 3 2 2 1 4 4 28 29 30 31 3? 33 195 254 101 317 236 206 172 95 90 116 46 620 161 123 71 576 1,220 570 946 1,254 1,198 1,111 457 285 566 208 779 884 879 316 129 1,044 1,599 777 1,464 1,290 1,342 1,220 599 600 792 371 1,145 1,008 718 498 364 829 1,153 671 1,222 1, 029 1,028 937 510 496 611 282 971 770 546 396 328 4.88 7.62 4.74 3.49 2.91 4.17 3.87 2.62 3.43 7.96 5.14 1.29 1.46 2.83 4.06 6.71 108 72 36 209 108 61 63 87 75 37 13 166 64 13 24 11 2 2 5 34 ■It 36 37 38 31 40 2 41 66 26 284 122 515 360 432 325 4.00 6.91 26 11 7 3 42 67 73 52 68 126 32 38 21 26 29 323 294 204 284 649 146 144 104 128 138 536 498 478 548 693 313 327 316 406 370 444 409 421 469 696 270 285 286 370 881 4.60 4.16 3.41 3.60 2.05 6.78 6.24 5.70 8.06 6.44 29 24 24 28 49 10 7 13 10 11 4 4 16 8 2 1 1 6 2 1 43 44 45 46 47 468 57 89 108 97 222 25 27 51 47 33 107 382 239 927 900 806 1,545 117 129 360 306 144 548 894 468 633 749 752 1,415 ,361 382 363 328 372 614 812 380 529 616 665 1,214 330 341 309 271 , 329 609 5.39 3.49 3.17 2.40 1.54 3.06 8.18 6.97 3.50 2.29 5.62 2.26 174 20 30 39 41 236 11 12 11 8 9 88 17 1 1 1 48 49 "in ■il C) 4 5? 4 53 196 108 2,705 378 1,415 560 1,171 471 2.23 1.36 223 63 1 5 64 275 187 230 193 100 178 130 157 200 92 97 1)9 3,957 1,248 6,602 2,027 2,878 1,893 407 371 254 398 274 1,667 2,171 1,054 2,009 1,341 918 1,188 584 916 391 566 294 728 1,789 857 1,681 1,090 826 978 492 844 838 461 257 524 1.98 4.67 1.23 2.84" 1.78 2.88 2.34 6.87 0.86 2.48 0.19 3.70 386 131 442 166 179 173 89 167 12 28 40 220 '-' 1 2 1 (') 1 4 13 55 66 .'i7 5 58 69 60 173 152 437 243 156 74 105 104 3,543 1,113 6,028 883 2,022 166 4,468 490 1,681 859 3,343 1,466 908 232 1,646 626 1,483 705 2,567 1,277 788 194 411 526 3.14 3.29 2.02 3.77 6.39 3.29 0.77 2.98 282 96 686 254 264 9 767 87 1 1 61 6' ft'i V 3 64 191 183 297 72 ' 86 120 672 956 943 311 645 547 1,069 1,073 1,821 424 696 701 911 898 1,632 323 574 604 3.49 3.21 4.04 ^2 siio 3.20 163 136 354 32 37 114 1 1 13 65 66 6 67 4973— Bull. 8-07- -22 1 Less than $1. o