'lt,J^.; 
 
CQiattteU UniostBitg SItbrarg 
 
 Stitaca. SJein ^ntk 
 
 BOUGHT WITH THE INCOME OF THE 
 
 SAGE ENDOWMENT FUND 
 
 THE GIFT OF 
 
 HENRY W. SAGE 
 
 1891 
 
Cornell University Library 
 arV14407 
 The fundamentals of, the EnjMis^^^^^^^^^^ 
 
 olin.anx 
 
 3 1924 031 321 213 
 
The original of tliis book is in 
 tlie Cornell University Library. 
 
 There are no known copyright restrictions in 
 the United States on the use of the text. 
 
 http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924031321213 
 
THE 
 FUNDAMENTALS 
 
 OF THE 
 
 ENGLISH LANGUAGE 
 
 FOR 
 
 NON - ENGLISH -SPEAKING 
 PEOPLE 
 
 INCLUDING 
 
 A GUIDE TO PRONUNCIATION WITH SPECIAL DRILL AND 
 PRACTICE IN READING. 
 
 THE MOST IMPORTANT PRINCIPLES OF ENGLISH GRAMMAR. 
 
 WORDS AND DIALOGUES COVERING ALMOST EVERY PHASE 
 OF LIFE. 
 
 THE HISTORY AND- GOVERNMENT OF THE UNITED STATES 
 
 WITH QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS ON THE REQUIREMENTS 
 
 FOR ADMISSION TO AMERICAN CITIZENSHIP. 
 
 THE SIMPLIFIED PRONUNCIATION OF ALL WORDS USED IN 
 
 THE BOOK, AND THEIR TRANSLATION INTO 
 
 SEVERAL LANGUAGES. 
 
 BY 
 
 NICHOLAS C. ANDRONIS, A. B. 
 
 TEACHER OF ENGLISH TO FOREIGNERS IN THE EVENING SCHOOLS 
 OF LEWISTON, MAINE 
 
 REIN & SONS COMPANY 
 
 PRINTERS AND PUBLISHERS 
 
A^i«»<li« 
 
 COPYRIGHT I9I|^ 
 BY REIN & SONS COMPANY 
 HOUSTON, TEXAS 
 
THIS BOOK IS DEDICATED TO 
 
 MABEL E. MARR 
 
 IN GRATEFUL RECOGNITION OF 
 
 ENCOURAGEMENT AND 
 
 ASSISTANCE 
 
PREFACE 
 
 The justification and aim of this volume may 
 be stated in the following words: To present 
 to the non-English-speaking people, by a simple 
 and practical method, the fundamentals of the 
 English language, in order that they may be 
 able to communicate with the people with whom 
 they come in contact in their daily lives; to 
 present to the foreigner the history and develop- 
 ment of the American nation, in order that he 
 may appreciate fully its value; to present to the 
 ■foreigner the form of government of his adopted 
 country, in order that he may vote intelligently. 
 
 The need of a volume that will fulfil this pur- 
 pose by a condensed but comprehensible method 
 is felt both by the teacher and by the foreigner. 
 The former is confronted with the problem of 
 how to teach the foreigner, and of what system 
 to follow. The latter, seeing the apparent diffi- 
 culty with which the English language is mas- 
 tered, gives up all hope of learning the speech 
 of his adopted country. 
 
 With an experience of several years as a 
 teacher of the English language to foreigners, 
 the author has devised a system that has been 
 given a thorough test in his class-room for fqur 
 years. The results obtained by the students- 
 have proved the good success of the system. 
 
 The book is divided into five parts, arranged 
 
VI PREFACE 
 
 in such a way that it can be completed by the 
 end of a school year in an evening school. A 
 student who has carefully learned every lesson 
 will be able to read, speak, and write the essen- 
 tials of the English language with considerable 
 ease. 
 
 Part I attempts to present to the student the 
 correct pronunciation of the English language. 
 The different sounds and combinations of the 
 alphabet, with special drill in words containing 
 the different letters, are studied carefully. The 
 exercises at the end of Part I afford an oppor- 
 tunity for further practice in reading and correct 
 pronunciation. 
 
 This part having been completed, the student 
 is able to get the approximate, if not the correct, 
 pronunciation of every word in the English 
 language. 
 
 He is now ready to^take up the most important 
 principles of grammar, in order that he may 
 speak and write correctly. Part II attempts to 
 present the essentials of grammar by a simple 
 and practical method. Rules and principles 
 are taken up in a simple but effective way, and 
 technical terms are avoided without any loss to 
 the student. Every part of speech, especially 
 the verb, is simplified, and can be learned in a 
 short time. 
 
 The ability to read and write correctly having 
 been acquired, the student is now ready to en- 
 large his vocabulary. What words is he going 
 
PREFACE Vil 
 
 to learn? In the case of an immigrant, who 
 toils from morning until night, he needs words 
 that are in every-day, common use, words that 
 are used in his work. Part III attempts by 
 means of dialogues, to pres'ent to the student a 
 working vocabulary. Desultory and meaning- 
 less sentences are avoided. The order of con- 
 versation is natural and logical, thus leaving a 
 strong impression upon the mind of the student. 
 
 Each dialogue is preceded by a list of words 
 used in connection with the subject chosen. In 
 the "Grocery Store", for example, the names of 
 most of the articles in the grocery store are 
 listed, and later are used in conversation. The 
 same system is used- with all the dialogues, 
 covering almost every phase of life. With the 
 knowledge acquired in the two preceding Parts, 
 and with a little study of each dialogue, the 
 student should have no difficulty in understand- 
 ing others or in making himself understood. It 
 should be kept in mind, however, that the dia- 
 logues are by no means complete, but should 
 serve as a motive for further conversation. 
 
 Having learned how to read, speak, and write, 
 the student is now ready to go further, that is, 
 to read for valuable information. What more 
 important and more interesting subject is there 
 than that of history and government? A knowl- 
 edge of it means progress in the country; ignor- 
 ance of it means deterioration of the country. 
 Part IV attempts to present in simple language 
 the growth and development, as well as the 
 
VUl PREFACE 
 
 present form of government, of the American 
 nation. Suggestions are given to the new comer ; 
 the difficulties and opportunities met with in 
 this land are shown to him; how to improve his 
 condition, how to serve his adopted country. 
 The national, state, and municipal governments 
 are studied by means of easy lessons, maps, 
 diagrams, and tables. Facts about naturaliza- 
 tion, information necessary before obtaining the 
 certificate of American citizenship, and questions 
 and answers on the requirements for admission 
 to citizenship, are presented in a ' simple and 
 practical way. Moreover, Part IV serves for 
 further study of the English language; reading, 
 writing, and conversation can be developed from 
 it. 
 
 Part V includes the words used in the entire 
 book, with their simplified pronunciation, and 
 their translation into German, French, Italian, 
 Spanish, Greek, and Yiddish. 
 
 The author takes great pleasure in acknowl- 
 edging his indebtedness to Professor George M. 
 Chase of Bates College for reading portions of 
 the manuscript and for his many V9,luable sug- 
 gestions; and to Professor R. R. N. Gould for 
 reading a portion of the manuscript. 
 
 The author wishes to thank Miss Harriet W. 
 Marr, Mr. Vincent Gatto, Mr. Costas Stephanis, 
 for their many helpful suggestions. 
 
 Finally, and above all, the author wishes to 
 recognize the unceasing service rendered by Miss 
 Mabel E. Marr, Assistant Librarian at Bates 
 
PREFACE IX 
 
 College. From beginning to end, she has en- 
 couraged the work, ofifered many helpful criti- 
 cisms, read and arranged the manuscript and 
 assisted in preparing it for publication. To this 
 help the cofnpletion of this volume is due. 
 
 In conclusion, it is a great pleasure to ac- 
 knowledge the ability and courtesy of the Rein 
 & Sons Company in carrying "out the plans of 
 the author. 
 
 July 20, 1915. N. C. ANDRONIS. 
 
TABLE OF CONTENTS 
 
 Page. 
 PART I.— GUIDE TO PRONUNCIATION— 
 
 The Alphabet of the English Language. .... ,3 
 Phonology of Vowels and Consonants, 
 With Special Drill in Words Containing 
 
 the Different Letters 4-17 
 
 Exercises for Practice in Reading 18-20 
 
 PART II.— GRAMMAR— With Special Exer- 
 cises Showing the Most Important Prin- 
 ciples of Grammar. ; 23-57 
 
 The Article 23 
 
 The Noun 24-27 
 
 The Adjective 28-31 
 
 The Pronouns 31-35 
 
 The Verb 36-53 
 
 The Adverb 54-55 
 
 The Preposition 56-57 
 
 The Conjunction 57 
 
 Abbreviated Words Used in Everyday 
 
 Speech 57-58 
 
 ^Abbreviated Words Used in Writing 59-61 
 
 PART in:— DIALOGUES— Preceded by a List 
 
 of the Most Common Woflls 65-152 
 
 Usual Phrases 65-68 
 
 The Weather 68-70 
 
 Time — Seasons, Months, Days, How to Ask 
 
 the Time 70-73 
 
 The House and House Utensils. Renting a 
 
 Room, a House 73-78 
 
 Looking for Work — ^Trades, Employment" 
 
 Bureau 79-82 
 
 The Restaurant— Bill of Fare.V 82-87 
 
 The Clothing Store 88-93 
 
 The Shoe Store 94-97 
 
 The Grocery Store 97-100 
 
TABLE OF CONTENTS XI 
 
 Page. 
 
 The Fruit Store . . ., 101-103 
 
 The Barber Shop '. 104-106 
 
 The Post Office 106-110 
 
 The Telegraph Office 111-112 
 
 The Telephone Office 113-115 
 
 The Railroad Station ; . . .115-118 
 
 The Steamboat 119-121 
 
 The Human Body 122-123 
 
 The Physician 124-128 
 
 The Dentist 128-130 
 
 The Drug Store 130-132 
 
 The Evening School 133-134 
 
 Nationalities 135-136 
 
 The Lawyer. The Court 136-142 
 
 The Bank. The Insurance Company 142-146 
 
 Agriculture and Agricultural Implements . . . 146-149 
 
 The Jewelry Store 150-152 
 
 Relationships 153 
 
 The Schools 154 
 
 In the City 155 
 
 Advertisements- — ^Wanted, Lost and Found, 
 
 To Let, For Sale 156-159 
 
 Letter Writing 159 
 
 Business Letters 161-167 
 
 Letter of Introduction 167 
 
 Invitations 169-170 
 
 Social Letters 170-171 
 
 PART ly.— HISTORY AND GOVERNMENT— 
 
 The American Flag — Illustration 175 
 
 The American Hymn 177 
 
 Suggestions for the Immigrant 177-183 
 
 Map of the United States 184 
 
 , Washington, Portrait of 185 
 
 A Brief History of the United States.- 187-190 
 
 Lincoln, Portrait of 191 
 
 The National- Government 192 
 
 The Legislative Branch 193-194 
 
XU TABLE OF CONTENTS 
 
 Page. 
 
 The Executive Branch : . . . 195-197 
 
 The Judicial Branch 197 
 
 The State Government 199 
 
 The Legislative Branch 200 
 
 The Executive Branch ; 200 
 
 The Judicial Branch 201 
 
 City Government 202 
 
 The Legislative Branch 202-203 
 
 The Executive Branch 203 
 
 The Judicial Branch 203-204 
 
 Facts About Naturalization 204-206 
 
 How to obtain the "Declaration of Intention" 
 
 Paper 206 
 
 Copy of "Declaration of Intention" 206-207 
 
 How to obtain the Certificate of Citizenship. 207-208 
 
 Copy of "Petition for Naturalization" 208-210 
 
 Questions and Answers on Requirements for 
 
 Admission to American Citizenship 210'-222 
 
 Presidents of the United States 223 
 
 1910 Census : United States and Territories 
 
 With Area of Each State 224 
 
 Principal Cities of the United States 225-232 
 
 Population of the United States According to 
 
 Race, Nativity and Parentage 232 
 
 Population and Area of the World 233-234 
 
 Value of Foreign Coins in United States 
 Money 235-236 
 
 PART v.— VOCABULARY — Including the 
 Simplified Pronunciation of Every Word, 
 and Its Translation Into Several Lan- 
 guages Appendix 
 
SUGGESTIONS TO THE 
 TEACHER 
 
 1. Examine the book carefully and see what 
 
 is in it. 
 
 2. Become interested in your subject and in 
 
 your class. Have something definite to 
 give to your students every evening. 
 
 3. Be patient with your students. Remember 
 
 that the average student in an evening 
 school class is advanced in age. More- 
 over, remember that learning a foreign 
 language is not an easy task. 
 
 4. To arouse the interest of your class, show, 
 
 as an introduction to your course, the 
 value and importance of the English 
 language ; what part it plays in the busi- 
 ness of the world, and of what value it 
 will be to the students after they learn to 
 speak it. The English language is com- 
 ing to be a universal language, and there- 
 fore its importance is evident. 
 
 5. Use nothing but English in class. 
 
 6. Remember that imitation and practice are 
 
 necessary in legirning a language. The 
 ear and the eye should be trained. 
 
 7. Divide the time allotted into three pe- 
 
 riods — treading, writing, knd conversa- 
 tion. One-half of the time should be 
 spent in conversation, in connection with 
 which special attention shotild be paid 
 
XIV SUGGESTIONS TO THE TEACHER 
 
 to correct and idiomatic English. Prog- 
 ress in conversation encourages the stu- 
 dent greatly. 
 
 8. One-fourth of the time should be spent in 
 
 reading, in connection with which special 
 attention should be paid to pronunciation. 
 
 9. The remaining fourth of the time should be 
 
 spent in writing, in connection with 
 which special attention should be paid 
 to spelling. 
 
 10. Teaph the student how to use a dictionary 
 
 with the least effort, and with the least 
 loss of time. Ask the students to procure 
 a vest-pocket dictionary, if possible. 
 
 11. Ask the students to learn a definite number 
 
 of new words every evening. 
 
 12. Never use words that the students do not 
 
 understand. To be able to understand 
 you is a great encouragement to the stu- 
 dents. 
 
 13. Read the lesson slowly and distinctly be- 
 
 fore you ask the students to read it. 
 
 14. In conversation, avoid "yes" or "no" for 
 
 answers. Remember that your questions 
 are not asked for the sake of information, 
 but for the sake of conversation. There- 
 fore demand complete sentences. 
 
 15. Give the students something to write, 
 
 either from dictation, or by assigning a 
 certain topic. Letter writing should be 
 taken up later in the course. 
 
 16. Do not spend all your time on one subject. 
 
 It may grow monotonous, and therefore. 
 
SUGGESTIONS TO THE TEACHER XV 
 
 uninteresting. Be careful especially in 
 using the Guide to Pronunciation, or the 
 Grammar. Except in conversation, do 
 not spend more than thirty minutes on 
 any one subject in one evening. 
 
 17. Do not pile up too much work. Give time 
 
 to the students to learn each lesson 
 thoroughly. 
 
 18. A review of the previous lesson will be very 
 
 helpful. 
 
 19. Ask the student to procure a small note- 
 
 book in which he can put all the new 
 words that he learns. 
 
 20. Although the grammar should be made 
 
 practical, a certain amount of drill on 
 various" forms is necessary. 
 
 21. The list of words preceding each dialogue 
 
 in Part III should be mastered thoroughly 
 by the student. They are words that are 
 used in every-day speech, and therefore 
 they are necessary for conversation. 
 
 22. The. dialogues in Part III are by no means 
 
 complete. They should serve as a motive 
 for further conversation. 
 
 23. In connection with the History and Govern- 
 
 ment lessons, avoid using technical terms. 
 Make the lessons practical and interest- 
 ing. Put a great deal of emphasis on the 
 local government. 
 
 24. Part IV, "History and Government," 
 
 should be used not only for information, 
 but also for further study of the English 
 language. There is abundant material 
 
XVI SUGGESTIONS TO THE TEACHER 
 
 in this part for reading, writing, and con- 
 versation. 
 25. At the end of Part IV will be found "Ques- 
 tions on Requirements for American 
 Citizenship." Having mastered the an- 
 swers to these questions, the student 
 should have no trouble in obtaining his 
 certificate of citizenship. 
 
PART I. 
 
 GUIDE TO PRONUNCIATION 
 
ALPHABET 
 
 ABCDEFGH I JKLM 
 NOPQRSTUVWXYZ 
 
 abcdefghi jklm 
 nopqr s tuvwxyz 
 
 "IJi W- X 
 
 f ^ 
 
 VOWELS. 
 
 a e i o u 
 
 w and y sometimes vowels and sometimes 
 
 consonants. 
 
 CONSONANTS. 
 
 b c d f gh'j k 1 
 mnpqr s tvxz 
 3 
 
LESSON I 
 
 GUIDE TO PRONUNCIATION. 
 VOWEL SOUNDS. 
 
 Letter "A" 
 
 a as in lak^, lam^, mal^.- 
 
 §, as in mail, can, land, /^p^:^ 
 
 k as in fast, in4chi6e, parMe. 
 
 a as in hire, fire, cire. J^JL^yx^ 
 
 a as in half, hard, farm. 
 
 a as in h9.ll, fall, false. 
 
 \ , Drill in Words containing Letter s'A" * 
 rat, cat, play, late, date, came,, part, hand, 
 shave, man, are, all, fan, ask, cire. 
 
 SUGGESTIONS TO THE TEACHER. 
 
 The teacher should explain thoroughly the 
 different sounds, of the letter "a." The words 
 given above for drill are to be read by the stu- 
 dents. To obtain results in pronunciation, fre- 
 quent repetition is necessary. 
 
LESSON II 
 
 VOWEL SOUNDS. 
 
 Letter "EL' 
 
 e as in jg^iing, femalj^, hero. 
 
 e as in men, tSn, bSd; 
 
 e as in hei;;; corfier, bStter. 
 
 ^ silent as in . . . camj^-, lam^, taril^. 
 
 Drill in wormcontaining Letter "E" 
 set, fertit^, pSn, tSll, matter, fern, mad^, sam^j 
 ifiSck, person, vyell, together, qui St, th^m,, miliar, 
 sell, b^nch, pepper, tabl^, water, rest, Snd, leg, 
 powder, bSst, register, evening. 
 
 SUGGESTIONS TO THE TEACHER. 
 
 For further drill in pronunciation the teacher 
 may put new words on the blackboard. He 
 rnay, then, ask the students to give the pronun- 
 ciation of the words. The teacher should also call 
 the students' attention to the silent "f which 
 makes the preceding vowel long. 
 
LESSON III 
 
 VOWEL SOUNDS. 
 
 Letter "I" 
 
 i as in likj^, ris^, fiv^. 
 
 3[ as in pin, big, him. 
 
 i before r as in. .girl (gerl), bird (berd), stir (ster). 
 
 Drill in words containing the Letter "I" 
 habit, sing, it, is, six, mill, sit, firm (ferm), slice, 
 time, pictur^, hospital, mice, Friday, sick, violSt, 
 oflfic^, bridg^, lim^, tired, shin^. 
 
 SUGGESTIONS TO THE TEACHER. 
 
 Owing to the brevity o f these lessons , the 
 teacher may ask the students to spell the words 
 connected with the exercises* The meaning of 
 the words also should beTnade known to the 
 students. 
 
LESSON IV 
 
 VOWEL SOUNDS. 
 
 Letter "O," diphthongs "O I," "O Y," "O U," 
 "O W." and the double letter "O O." 
 
 o as in sprji^, hol^, morjif. 
 
 6' as in pond, long, 16ss. 
 
 6 as in f6ric, 6rb, 16rd. 
 
 o as in do (doo), move (mdov). 
 
 o as in mother (rniither), love (liiv) 
 
 ' other (iither). 
 
 oo as in fool, food, boot. 
 
 66 as in fd&t, bd6k, brd^k. 
 
 oi as in point, oil, soij. 
 
 oy as in bqy, toy, royal. 
 
 ou as in otit, round, motint. 
 
 ow as in how, town, allow. 
 
 Drill in words containing the Letter "O," the 
 Double Letter "00," the Diphthongs "01," 
 "OY," "OU," "OW." 
 
 found, mountain, spool, soon, noon, cool, root, 
 smooth, Id^, coin, gfi&d, outad^, owl, towel, 
 vowel, voyage, ground, moon, c6&k, trouse rs 
 brown. 
 
LESSON V 
 
 VCiWEL SOUNDS. 
 
 Letter "U" 
 
 u as in music, p^r^, us^. 
 
 ■fl, as in Mg, dit, siin. 
 
 il as in treasiire, measilre, pleastire. 
 
 u only after r as in . rule, rude, true. 
 
 ij as in fuU, pijll, put. 
 
 H before r f<ir, p^se, piirple. 
 
 Drill in words containing the Letter "U" 
 
 giim, miich, sure, use, Mng, pupil, auttimn, 
 bureau, niimber, iinder, ctiff, miist, rtin, diist, 
 n^se, jiig, biirst, dut^, mM, iip, shttt, nfit,. 
 s&pper, riibber, bfitter, tdm, pikse, ptjt, union. 
 
 SUGGESTIONS TO THE TEACHER. 
 
 The teacher should explain the meaning of all 
 words. Later they will be useful to the students. 
 
LESSON VI 
 
 yOWEt SOUNDS. 
 
 Letter "Y," "10," "lOU," "OA." 
 
 y as in dry, cry, sky. 
 
 ^'^ as in boj^, ver^, raan^. 
 
 io as in nation (nashiin), election 
 
 (elSksMn). 
 
 iou as in ctirious (kuriiis), serious 
 
 oa as in. . . .soap (sop), coat (kot). 
 
 Drill in words containing the Letter "Y" and 
 the Combinations "10," "IOU," "OA." 
 
 pay (pa), day (da), my (ml), stay (sta), buy 
 (bi), ready (rSd^), trul;^, every, fly (fli), early 
 (erW), employ (emploi), sorr^, heavy (hey^), 
 selection (selSkshiin), protection (protSkshiin), 
 direction (dirSkshiin), collection (coUekshiin) , 
 position (pozish&n), precibus (preshiis), coal 
 (kol), road (rod), cloak (klok), boat (bot), 
 board (bord). 
 
LESSON VII 
 
 CONSONANT SOUNDS. 
 Letters "B," "C," and the digraph "CH7 
 
 b as in boy (boi), barrel, barber. 
 
 b usually silent after m in the same 
 syllable, and also before t. 
 
 as in tomb (toorri), lamb (l&m), debt 
 
 (dgt). 
 c has the sovmd s and k. 
 c before e, i, y, has the sound of s 
 
 as in ic^ (is), cycl^ (sikl), slicji (slis). 
 
 c before a, o, u, or a consonant, has the hard 
 sound k as in. .cat (kat), collar (k611er), cuiF 
 (ktif), cross (krSs). 
 ch usually has the sound tsh 
 
 as in. . . .church, chSck, cheek (chek), cheese 
 (chez). 
 ch sometimes has the sound sh 
 
 as in. . . .mustache (miistash), machine (ma- 
 shen). « , »- 
 
 ch sometimes has the sound k * 
 
 as in. .chorus (korfis), character (kS,rakter).. 
 
 Drill in words containing the Letters "B," "C," 
 and the Digraph "CH." 
 
 come (kdm), cold (kold), child, coat (kot), cap 
 (kap), cry (kri), mftch, peach (pech), mS,tch,. 
 spice (spis), mice (mis), rice (ris), chaos (kaSs),, 
 chemistry (kgmJstr^), chest, chew (chu)^ 
 
 10 
 
cholera (k61era), chord (k6rd), Christ (krist), 
 circle (serkl), cigar (^gar), cigarette (sJgarSt), 
 certain (serlin), cemetery (sSmetSry), citizen 
 (^tJzn), clear (kler), coal (kol), clock (kl6k), 
 close (klos), color (kdler), cut (kit). 
 
 LESSON VIII 
 
 CONSONANT SOUNDS. 
 Letters "D," "F," and "G." 
 
 d as in day (da), dead (dSd), dry (dri). 
 
 f as in firjiJ, food, after. 
 
 g (hard) usually occurs before a, o, u, 1, r, s, in 
 
 the same syllable, as in. .go, gold, giin, glad. 
 
 Sometimes hard g occtirs before e, i, y, as in . . 
 
 giv^, gSt. 
 g (soft) has the sound of j, as in. .gentle (jSntl), 
 
 gin (jin), gjminastics (jimnastiiks). 
 g is silent before m or n, as in. .design (dezin), 
 sign (sin). 
 
 The g sound is not heard in the digraph "ng" 
 as in. .strong, nothing, ceihng. 
 
 Drill in words containing Letters "D," "F," "G." 
 
 giim, dig, ground, friend (fr6nd), dinner, bed, 
 gat^, vegetable (vSjetabl), orange (6rSnj), good, 
 grand, farm, rag, shoulder (sholder), coffee, 
 h&ngrf, grocery (groser^), rtog, long, nothing 
 (niithing), wrong (rong). 
 
 11 
 
LESSON IX 
 
 CONSONANT SOUNDS. 
 Letters "H," "J," and Digraph "GH." 
 h as in half (haf), high (hi), hail (hal). 
 
 h is silent in the following words . .heir (dr), herb 
 (erb), honest (6n6st), hour (our), honor 
 (6ner). 
 
 j as in jtimp, jok^, jof. 
 
 gh is sounded like hard g at the beginning of 
 words, as in. .ghost (gost). 
 
 gh is silent after "i," as in. .eight (at), high (hi), 
 freight (frat). 
 
 gh is silent before "t," as in.. caught (kat), 
 thought (that), daughter (dater). 
 
 gh has the sound of "f" after au, ou, at the end of 
 a syllable, as in. .laugh (laf), cough (kaf), 
 enough (enfif). 
 
 Drill in words containing Letters "H," "J," 
 and the Digraph "GH." 
 
 hS,bit, harbor, hard, jar, j6b, j611j^, hS,ng, hS,nd, 
 hair (h5,r), hammer, tough (tiif), laughter (lafter), 
 rough (rtif), cough (kaf), heal (hel), right (rit), 
 height (hit), through (throo), handle, honor, 
 hours, heaven (hSvn), J&nuar^, jiig, heat (het), 
 heart (hart), just, hedge (hSj), rejSct, hospital. 
 
 12 
 
LESSON X 
 
 CONSONANT SOUNDS. 
 Letters "K," "L," "M." 
 
 k as in keep (kep), kick (Mk), kind. 
 
 k before "n" in the same syllable is silent, 
 
 as in. . . .know (no), knife (nif), knock (nok). 
 
 ck has the sound of k, as in. .kick (kik), back 
 (bak). 
 
 1 as in lad^, nulk, canal (kanal). 
 
 1 is silent in the following words, .would (wood), 
 should (sh66d), could (kd6d), balm (bam), 
 alms (amz), calm (kam), palrn (pam), 
 psahn (sam), almond (amiind), salmon 
 (samiin), half (haf), halve (hav), calf (kaf), 
 chalk (chak), talk (tak), walk (wak), folk' 
 (fok). 
 
 m as in mother (miither), nam^, small. 
 
 Drill in words containing Letters "K," "L," 
 
 "M." 
 
 knot (not), knob (nob), Mng, weak (wek), takj^, 
 knight (nit), kned (nel), knelt (nelt), kindly, 
 knee (ne), key (ke), Idd, leather (lether), puU. 
 bottle (b6ttl), shovel (shiivl), duckSn, people, 
 (pepl), cellar, alms (ams), walk, would (wd6d), 
 poht^, should (shd6d), could (kd&d) man, animal, 
 milk, mysSH, himself, lamp, lamb (lam). 
 
 13 
 
LESSON XI 
 
 - CONSONANT SOUNDS. 
 Letters "N," "P," "Q," Digraph "PH." 
 n as in mS,n, lemon, onion. 
 
 n is silent when it is final and after m, 
 
 as in. . . .hymn (him), condemn (condSm). 
 
 p as in apple, pear, pip^. 
 
 p is silent at the beginning of a word before n, s, 
 and t, as in. .pneumonia (numonia), psy- 
 chology (sikSlojj^). 
 
 ph has the sound of f, as in. .autograph (auto- 
 graf), photography (fotdgrafj^.) 
 
 q is always followed by u, and the two have the 
 sound kw, as in. .quiet (kwiSt), liquor (liker), 
 queen (kwen). 
 
 Drill in words containing Letters "N," "P," 
 "Q," and Digraph "PH." 
 
 physician (ftzishan), lips, then, quick (kwik), 
 quilt (kwilt), quinine (kwinin), not, answer, 
 question (kwgschtin), can, soon, spell, up, up- 
 stairs, night, put, final, begin, anything, help, 
 pay, kind, pray, paradise, cotton. 
 
 14 
 
LESSON XII 
 
 CONSONANT SOUNDS. 
 
 Letters "R," "S," "T," and Digraphs "SH," 
 "TH." 
 
 r as in fir^, farm, rain. 
 
 s as in some, sing, see. 
 
 s as in is, lose. 
 
 sh as in she, sharp, shovel. 
 
 t as in fdot, after, trtink. 
 
 th as in think, thread, throat. 
 
 th as in mother, them, father. 
 
 Drill in words containing Letters "R," "S," "T," 
 and Digraphs "SH," and "TH." 
 
 grass, there, thin, say, red, eyes, a(x, ros^, what, 
 speak, English, shall, shoidd, thank, this, the, 
 work, shoe, salary, shop, com, table, slow, three, 
 afternoon, round, slipper, please, seven, wish, 
 shut, tie, show, something, tailor, short, order, 
 sal^, ship, as, both, clothes, cloth, shin^. 
 
 IS 
 
LESSON XIII 
 
 COMBINATION SOUNDS. 
 EO, EOU, lA, EA, IE, EAU. 
 
 eoasin., people (pepl), theology (theoloji), 
 
 geography (jeografi). 
 
 eou as in. . . .bounteous (bounteus). 
 
 ia as in marriage, carriage. 
 
 ea as in year (yer), heart (hart), cheap 
 
 (chep). 
 
 ie as in die (di), cried (crid). 
 
 eau as in.. . .bureau (buro), beautiful (butiful). 
 
 Drill in words containing EO, EOU, IA, EA, 
 IE, EAU. 
 
 near (ner), leaf (lef), weather (wSther), wear 
 (wS,r), bread (bred), wealth (wSlth), sieve (siv), 
 believe (belev), ready (rSd;^), dead (dSd), easy 
 (ezf), meal (mel), dream (drem), clean (Men), 
 read (red), lead (led), earth (erth), clear (kler), 
 tea (te), beauty (but^), pleasure (pl^sure), 
 teach (tech), dear (der), hear (her), head (hSd), 
 heard (herd), friend (frSnd), leave (lev), heavy 
 (hevy), weary (werj^), healthy (hSlth^), pear 
 (p^r), season (sezn). 
 
 16 
 
LESSON XIV 
 
 CONSONANT SOUNDS. ' 
 
 Letters '-'V," "W," "X," ^'Y," "Z," and 
 Digraph "WH." 
 
 V as in vot^, vSst, river. 
 
 w as in wifj^, woman (wooman), walk. 
 
 wh as in. . . .who (hoo), what (hw6t), wheat 
 (hwet). 
 
 X (ks) as in. . box (boks), anxious (Siikshiis), ax 
 (&ks). , 
 
 X (gz) as in. . exist (Sgzist), exhibit (Sgzibit), exact 
 (ggzSkt). 
 
 y as in. . . . .you (u), yeast (yest), yard. 
 
 z as in zinc, zealous (zSliis), zero. ' 
 
 Drill in words containing Letters "V," "W," 
 "X," "Y," "Z," and Digraph "WH." 
 
 evening, well, when (hwSn), week (wek), weak, 
 travel, wind, every, watch (w6ch), wound, widj^, 
 wash, your, wages, zeal (zel), wood, wool,, yes, 
 yesterday, yellow, yet, excuse (Skskuz), exhale 
 (Skshal), except (Sksfipt), ox (oks), weigh (wa), 
 which (h-w(ch), wild, will, whiskey (h-w^sk^), 
 white, pox (poks), whose (hooz), window, why 
 (hwi), widow, via, velvet, vinegar, pavement, 
 sidewalk, water, stove. 
 
 17 
 
 3 
 
READINGS FOR PRACTICE IN 
 PRONUNCIATION. 
 
 LESSON XV 
 
 EXERCISES FOR READING. 
 
 What is your nam^? 
 
 My name is John. 
 
 Where do you Hv^? 
 
 I live on Chestnut Street. 
 
 Is it far. from her^? 
 
 No, it is n6t v&rf far from here. 
 
 Do you go to school? , 
 
 Yes, I go to school. 
 
 Where is your school? 
 
 My school is on Hill Street. |' 
 
 How old are you? ' 
 
 I am twSnt^-five years old. 
 
 When werj^ you b6m? 
 
 I was b6m on March sScond, eighteen nln^t;y^. 
 
 -What tim^ is it? 
 It is fiv0 o'clock. 
 What daj^ is it to-day? 
 What is the dat^ to-day? 
 
 Where are you going? 
 I am going to work. 
 Where do you work? 
 I work in the mill. 
 Where is the mill? 
 The mill is on Pine Street. 
 
 18 
 
Do you speak English? 
 
 No, I do not speak English. 
 
 Can you talk German? 
 
 Yes, I can talk Geirman. 
 
 How long havj^ you been in this country ?^e 
 
 I have been in this country two years. 
 
 When are you going back to your country? 
 
 I anTnot going back to my country. 
 
 What time do you g&t_to in the_m6ming? 
 I get up in the mornmg at half -past five^ 
 "V\^at time do you go to work? ft*-f-^A 
 I go to work at half -past six. 
 What do you do from half -past five to half- 
 past six? 
 
 I wash my fac^. 
 
 I prSp^r^ my breakfast. 
 
 I eat my breakfast. 
 
 I wash the dishes. 
 
 I clear the tabl^. 
 
 I put on my coat. 
 
 ThSol go to work. 
 
 Where do you have your dinner? 
 
 I have my dinner in the rSstatirant. 
 
 Where do you have your siipper? 
 
 I have my supper at my hous^. 
 
 Can you cd6k? 
 
 Yes, I can cook. 
 
 How man^ hours a day do you work? 
 
 I work ten hours a day. 
 
 Ho w mu ch money do you g.e^.? 
 
 I get two dollars a day, 
 
 Hdw many feet do you have? (or, have you?) 
 
 I have two feet. 
 
 19 
 
What do you do with your feet? 
 
 I walk with my feet. 
 
 I see with my eyes. 
 
 I smSU with my nose. 
 
 I hear with my ears. 
 
 I feel with my hands. 
 
 Gd&d morning, George. 
 
 Good evening. Good night. 
 
 How are you James? 
 
 I am very w611, thank you. How do you do? 
 
 Nicel;^, thank you, biit my mother is sick. 
 
 What is the matter with your mother? 
 , I do not know. The doctor will come in this 
 afternoon to see her. 
 
 Does she have a cold? 
 
 I do not think she has a cold. 
 
 I will come to see her to-night. 
 
 SUGGESTIONS TO THE TEACHER 
 
 The teacher should, from time to time, put 
 easy selections on the board, and let the stu- 
 dents read them. In this way, practice in read- 
 ing is acquired. The teacher in these exercises 
 shotdd pay more attention to the pronunciation 
 than to the meaning of words. The rules of 
 pronunciation taught in the previous lessons 
 should be put in practice while these exercises 
 are read. 
 
 20 
 
PART II 
 
 GRAMMAR 
 
LESSON XVI 
 
 THE ARTICLES, "the," "a," "an." 
 
 Examples using "the" — 
 
 The man the men 
 
 The woman the women 
 
 The boy the boys 
 
 Examples using "a," "an" — 
 
 A man a boy 
 
 A woman an hour 
 
 An eye an apple 
 
 EXERCISE. 
 
 1. 
 
 The book is red. 
 
 7. I' see a book. 
 
 2. 
 
 The seat is high. 
 
 8. I have a high seat. 
 
 3. 
 
 The apple is red. 
 
 9.. I ate an apple. 
 
 4. 
 
 The dog went out, 
 
 10. I saw ^ dog. 
 
 5. 
 
 The man is here. 
 
 11. A man is at the door, 
 
 6. 
 
 I have a pencil. 
 
 12. The pencil is black. 
 
 
 13. I see a 
 
 clock on the wall. 
 
 
 14. He is an uncle of mine. 
 
 SUGGESTIONS TO THE TEACHER. 
 
 Explain the use of the definite and the in- 
 definite articles. Show when to use "a" and 
 when to use "an." It would be very valuable 
 if the teacher put nouns on the board and let 
 the students use "a" or "an" before them. 
 
 23 
 
LESSON XVII. 
 
 THE NOUJ^. 
 The formation of the plural. 
 Regular formation of tlje,plural. 
 Examples — 
 
 Singular 
 
 Plural 
 
 boy 
 
 boys 
 
 apple 
 
 apples 
 
 hand 
 
 hands 
 
 , house 
 
 houses 
 
 Nouns ending in s, sh, ch, x, z. 
 
 Singtilar Plural 
 
 Examples — glass glasses 
 
 dish dishes 
 
 box boxes 
 
 church . churches 
 
 Nouns ending in y. 
 
 
 Singular 
 
 Plural 
 
 Examples — boy 
 
 boys 
 
 city 
 
 cities 
 
 fly. 
 
 flies 
 
 spy 
 
 spies 
 
 Nouns ending in o. 
 
 
 Singular 
 
 Pltu-al 
 
 Examples — tomato 
 
 tomatpes 
 
 potato 
 
 potatoes 
 
 negro 
 
 negroes 
 
 folio 
 
 folios 
 
 24 
 
6. 
 
 Nouns ending in f . 
 
 
 
 Singular 
 
 Mural 
 
 Examples — 
 
 wife 
 
 wives 
 
 
 knife 
 
 knives ^ 
 
 
 wharf 
 
 wharves 
 
 
 leaf 
 
 leaves 
 
 Memorize the following nouns: 
 
 Singiilar 
 
 
 Plural 
 
 man 
 
 
 men"" 
 
 woman 
 
 
 women 
 
 child 
 
 
 children 
 
 tooth 
 
 
 teeth 
 
 foot 
 
 
 feet 
 
 mouse 
 
 
 mice 
 
 Touse . 
 
 
 lice 
 
 goose 
 
 
 'geese 
 
 deer , ' 
 
 
 deer 
 
 sheep 
 
 
 sheep 
 
 ox 
 
 
 oxen 
 
 scissors 
 
 trousers 
 
 Mr. 
 
 
 Messrs. 
 
 Miss 
 
 
 Misses 
 
 SUGGESTIONS TO THE TEACHER. 
 
 The teacher should train the students to form 
 the plural of any noun by putting words on the 
 blackboard and then asking the students to form 
 the plural. Rules derived from the above head- 
 ings should be mastered thoroughly by the 
 students. The student should know that, un- 
 like many other languages, proper names do 
 
 25 
 
not take an article before them. Explain the 
 gender of nouns. 
 
 EXERCISE. 
 
 1. The apples and the pears are ripe. 2. The 
 boys and girls go to school every morning. 3. 
 The two cities are very near to each other. 
 
 4. Put two glasses and three dishes on the table. 
 
 5. There are eight churches in this city. 6. The 
 expressman brought two boxes. 7. Please give 
 me three pounds of tomatoes and one bushel of 
 potatoes. 8. We cut the leaves of the tree with 
 our knives. 9. Men and women went to hear 
 him. 10. A man and a woman are at the door. 
 
 11. A child likes to play with other children. 
 
 12. He likes to have his teeth filled. 13. We 
 have mice in the house. 14. He killed two deer. 
 15. Please give me a pair of scissors. 16. He 
 went to wash his feet. 17. I would like to have 
 a glass of water. 18. We go to church every 
 Sunday. 19. He put the wood in the box. 20. 
 My hands are white. 21. Mr. Brown went 
 away. 22. Messrs. Brown, Nicholson and Sidell. 
 23. Miss Brown is waiting for you. 24. Misses 
 Brown, Nicholson, and Sidell. 
 
 26 
 
LESSON XVIII 
 
 THE NOUN 
 
 The Possessive Case. 
 
 Singular Plural 
 
 Nominative — boy boys 
 
 Possessive — boy's boys' 
 
 Objective — boy boys 
 
 Nominative — the tree the trees 
 
 Possessive — of the tree of the trees 
 
 Objective— the tree the trees 
 
 Nominative — Mr. Johnson George Peter 
 Possessive — Mr. Johnson's George's Peter's 
 Objective — 'Mr. Johnson George, Peter 
 
 EXERCISE. 
 
 1. John's hat is black. 2. Mr. Johnson's 
 house is yellow. 3. The boy's shoes are ready. 
 4. We sell boys' clothes. 5. George's coat is 
 white. 6. The leaves of the tree are green. 7. 
 I went to my sister's house. 8. Peter's, shirt is 
 white. 9. We sell men's and boys' clothes. 10. 
 The color of my coat is blue. ll. My brothe-'s 
 picture is on the table. 
 
 SUGGESTIONS TO THE TEACHER. 
 
 Explain the possessive case. Show the differ- 
 ence between these sentences: "The boy's hat 
 is black." "The leaves of the tree are green." 
 "George's book is on the table." 
 
 27 
 
LESSON XIX 
 
 THE ADJECTIVE. 
 
 Examples: 
 
 I have a redapple. 
 
 I ate a large orange. 
 
 I bought a blue suit, and a black hat. 
 
 
 COMPARISON 
 
 
 Examples: 
 
 
 
 short 
 
 shorter 
 
 shortest 
 
 tall 
 
 taller 
 
 tallest 
 
 wide 
 
 wider 
 
 widest 
 
 happy 
 
 happier 
 
 happiest 
 
 beautiful 
 
 more beautiful 
 
 most beautiful 
 
 dangerous 
 
 more dangerous 
 
 most dangerous 
 
 beautiful 
 
 less beautiful 
 
 least beautiful 
 
 dangerous 
 
 less dangerous 
 
 least dangerous 
 
 Memorize the following — 
 
 
 bad 
 
 worse 
 
 worst 
 
 far 
 
 farther 
 
 farthest 
 
 
 further 
 
 furthest 
 
 good* 
 
 better 
 
 best 
 
 little 
 
 less 
 
 least 
 
 late 
 
 later 
 
 latest 
 
 
 latter 
 
 last 
 
 much, many more 
 
 most 
 
 near 
 
 nearer 
 
 nearest 
 next 
 
 , old 
 
 older 
 
 oldest 
 
 
 elder 
 
 eldest 
 
 28 
 
SUGGESTIONS TO THE TEACHER. 
 
 Explain the use of the adjective and its position. 
 The students should know that, unlike many 
 other languages, the adjectives in English have 
 no inflection for number, case, or gender. The 
 three degrees of comparison, and how to form 
 them, should be explained thoroughly to the 
 students. Adjectives should be put on the board, 
 and the students should be asked to form the 
 comparative and superlative. The use of "than" 
 should be explained. Show when to use "er," 
 "est," and when to use "r," "st," when to use 
 "more," "most," "less," "least." The adjectives 
 compared irregularly should be committed to 
 memory. 
 
 EXERCISE. 
 
 1. I am the oldest boy in the family. 2. My 
 brother is two years younger than I. 3. I 
 bought a white shirt and a black necktie. 4. 
 This table is longer than that. 5. John is the 
 best boy in the school. 6. He is the tallest boy in 
 his class. 7. George is the shortest boy in the 
 school. 8. He is worse than I. 9. He is the 
 worst student in the school. 10. This lesson is 
 less important than the next one. 11. She is the 
 rnost beautiful girl in the school. 12. I am less 
 beautiful than ^e. 13. This path is less danger- 
 ous. 14. It is more difficult to read than to 
 speak. 15. This book is easier than the one we 
 had last year. 16. She is taller than you. 17. 
 I am nearer the school than you. 18. John is 
 the farthest from the school. 19. George lives 
 next to us. 
 
 29 
 

 LESSON XX 
 
 
 NUMERAL ADJECTIVES. 
 
 Cardinals 
 
 Ordinals 
 
 1 
 
 one 
 
 first 
 
 2 
 
 two 
 
 second 
 
 3 
 
 three 
 
 third 
 
 4 
 
 four 
 
 fourth 
 
 5 
 
 five 
 
 fifth 
 
 6 
 
 six 
 
 sixth 
 
 7 
 
 seven 
 
 seventh 
 
 8 
 
 eight 
 
 eighth 
 
 9 
 
 nine 
 
 ninth 
 
 10 
 
 ten 
 
 tenth 
 
 11 
 
 eleven 
 
 eleventh 
 
 12 
 
 twelve 
 
 twelfth 
 
 13 
 
 thirteen 
 
 thirteenth 
 
 14 
 
 fourteen 
 
 fotirteenth 
 
 15 
 
 fifteen 
 
 fifteenth 
 
 16 
 
 sixteen 
 
 sixteenth 
 
 17 
 
 seventeen 
 
 seventeenth 
 
 18 
 
 eighteen 
 
 eighteenth 
 
 19 
 
 nineteen. 
 
 nineteenth 
 
 20 
 
 twenty 
 
 twentieth 
 
 21 
 
 twenty-one 
 
 twenty-first 
 
 22 
 
 Lwenty-two, 
 
 etc. twenty-second, etc, 
 
 30 
 
 thirty 
 
 thirtieth 
 
 40 
 
 forty 
 
 fortieth 
 
 50 
 
 fifty 
 
 fiftieth 
 
 60 
 
 sixty 
 
 sixtieth 
 
 70 
 
 seventy 
 
 seventieth 
 
 80 
 
 eighty 
 
 eightieth 
 
 30 
 
90 ninety 
 
 ninetieth 
 
 100 one hundred 
 
 hundredth 
 
 101 one hundred 
 
 hundred and first, 
 
 and one, etc. 
 
 etc. 
 
 200 two hundred, 
 
 two hundredth, etc, 
 
 etc. 
 
 
 1,000 one thousand 
 
 thousandth 
 
 100,000 one hundred 
 
 hundred thous- 
 
 thousand 
 
 andth 
 
 1,000,000 one milUon 
 
 millionth 
 
 LESSON XXI 
 
 THE PRONOUNS. 
 
 THE PERSONAL PRONOUNS. 
 
 First Person 
 
 Singular 
 
 Plural 
 
 Nominative — I 
 
 we 
 
 Possessive — my 
 
 our 
 
 mine 
 
 otirs 
 
 Objective — me 
 
 us 
 
 Second Person 
 
 Singular 
 
 Plural 
 
 Nominative—^ you 
 
 you 
 
 Possessive — your 
 
 your 
 
 yours 
 
 yours 
 
 Objective — you 
 
 you 
 
 31 
 
Third. Person 
 
 Singular Plural 
 Masctilar Feminine Neuter 
 
 Nominative — he she it they 
 
 Possessive — his her its their 
 
 hers theirs 
 
 Objective — him her it them 
 
 COMPOUND PERSONAL PRONOUNS. 
 First Person 
 
 Singular 
 myself 
 
 Plural 
 ourselves 
 Second Person 
 
 Singular 
 yourself 
 
 Plural 
 yovurselves 
 Third Person 
 
 Masculine- 
 
 Singular Plural 
 - himself themselves 
 
 Feminine — 
 
 herself 
 
 Neuter — 
 
 itself 
 
 EXERCISES. 
 
 1. I go to school. 2. We go home. 3. My hat 
 is black. 4. Our hats are alike. 5. This is ours. 
 6. He saw me when I came. 7. He came to see 
 us. 8. You work ten hours a day. 9. I saw you 
 when you were in Boston. 10. Your uncle is 
 sick. 11. This book is yours. 12. He is com- 
 ing to see us to-morrow. 13. They are here 
 now. 14. She came last night. 15. Her baggage 
 is here. 16. I saw her this morning. 17. Where 
 is your tmcle? 18. He is here. 19. His trunk 
 
 32 
 
came this morning. 20. I will tell him to 
 come in. 21. Bring the trunk in. Where is 
 it? 22. It is on the piazza. 23. I want to open 
 it. Where is its key? 24. Take out their 
 clothes. 25. I took them out. 26. Are these 
 clothes theirs? 27. I wash myself before each 
 meal. 28. We did that ourselves. 29. He 
 hurt himself. 30. He himself told me that. 
 31. It hurt itself. 32. Somebody knocks at the 
 door. Who is it? 33. It is I. 
 
 LESSON XXII 
 
 THE RELATIVE PRONOUNS, 
 
 THE INTERROGATIVE PRONOUNS. 
 
 The relative pronouns are: who, which, what, 
 that. 
 
 Nominative- 
 Possessive — 
 Objective — 
 
 who 
 
 whose 
 
 whom 
 
 which 
 whose 
 which 
 
 "who" This is the man who hit me. 
 
 "whose".. I saw the woman whose daughter 
 
 is lame, 
 "whom" . . I saw a man whom I knew, 
 "which" . .He gave me the apple which I threw 
 
 out of the window. 
 
 "that" Was it you that knocked at my door? 
 
 "what". . .1 do not understand what you say. 
 
 33 
 
The interrogative pronouns are: who, which, 
 what. 
 
 "who" . . . .Who goes there? Who did this? 
 "whose" . .Whose apron is this? 
 "whom" . .Whom did you see last night? 
 "which" . .Which of you came first, 
 "what" . . .What is your last name? 
 
 EXERCISE. 
 
 1.. Who is it? 2. Who knocks at the door? 
 3. Is that the man who bought the suit? 4. I 
 found the book that he gave me. 5. Whose 
 hat is this? 6. I know a man whose hat is like 
 this. 7. Did you see the man whom I met on 
 the street yesterday? 8. The dog which we 
 saw this morning bit my little brother. 9. 
 What do you have in your desk? 10. The coat 
 which you gave me was torn. Whose fault was 
 it? 11. Who gave you permission to go home? 
 12. The man who works downstairs gave me 
 permission to go. 13. Here are two apples; 
 which will you have? 14. Which of the two do 
 you like best? 15. Will you please tell me 
 whose house this is? 16. Kindly tell me who 
 lives here. 17. Whom do you wish to see? 18. 
 I wish to see the man that owns this house. 
 19. What do you want? 20. What is the matter 
 with you? 21. What do you mean? 22. With 
 whom did you go to school this morning? 23. 
 To whom did you give the apple that I gave 
 you this morning? 
 
 34 
 
LESSON XXIII 
 
 DEMONSTRATIVE PRONOUNS. 
 INDEFINITE PRONOUNS. 
 
 Demonstrative pronouns: this, these, tliat, 
 those. 
 
 "This" . . .This is my hat. This is mine. 
 ' 'These' ' . .These were my skates, but I sold them. 
 "That". . .That was the best dinner I ever had. 
 "Those" .. Those were the boys that we saw 
 last night. 
 
 The most importaiit indefinite pronouns are: 
 some, each, both, any, none, few, many, such, 
 somebody, anybody, nobody, everybody, any- 
 thing, something, nothing, nobody else, some- 
 body else, anjrthing else, everybody else. 
 
 EXERCISE. 
 
 1. That was all right. 2. This is not what I 
 want. 3. These are very good to eat. 4. Those 
 are not very good. 5. You keep this, and I will 
 keep that. 6. Somebody called me a minute 
 ago. 7. It was not anybody. 8. It was nobody. 
 9. Everybody clapped when he came out. 10. 
 Is there anything you would like to have? 11. 
 No, thank you. I do not want anything. 12. 
 I want something. 13. Do you want anything 
 else? 14. Very few went to the dance. 15. 
 Both of us went. 16. Some went out early. 17. 
 Many stayed to the end. 18. That's (that is) 
 all I had. 19. Neither of you is right. 
 
 35 
 
LESSON XXIV 
 
 THE VERB. 
 
 Active voice I like John. 
 
 Passive voice I am liked by John. 
 
 Present tense I work every day. 
 
 I go home. 
 Past tense I worked yesterday. 
 
 I went home. 
 Future tense I will work to-morrow. 
 
 I will go home. 
 Imperative mood . . Send me a book. 
 
 Work well. 
 
 Come quickly. 
 The infinitive To write a letter. 
 
 He asked me to go. 
 The participle. .... I saw him working. 
 
 My shoes are fixed. 
 
 EXERCISE. 
 
 1. I speak the English language. 2. I work in 
 the mill now. 3. I worked in the shoe-shop last 
 year. 4. I will work in the store next spring. 
 5. I planted an apple-tree. 6. The apple-tree 
 was planted by me. 7. Go, or I will call the 
 police. 8. I asked you to leave at once. 9. I 
 told you not to smoke here. 10. Seen from that 
 side, the building looks round. 11. We saw the 
 working men on strike, 
 
 SUGGESTIONS TO THE TEACHER. 
 
 Explain the meaning of active voice and of 
 passive voice. Show the relation of time by 
 
 36 
 
using examples. Show how to form the past 
 and the future tenses of verbs. To avoid con- 
 fusion, use "will" all through the future. The 
 difference between "shall" and "will" may be 
 shown later. Do not confuse the students with 
 the subjunctive mood, past perfect, future per- 
 fect, and other tenses that are not necessary, 
 and are difficult for the beginner to use. Use 
 orily the present, the past, the future, the present 
 perfect, the imperative, infinitive, and participle. 
 A list of the most important irregular verbs will 
 be found elsewhere in this book. The student 
 should learn five irregular verbs every day. 
 
 LESSON XXV 
 
 THE VERB "TO BE." 
 
 Answer 
 (Affirmative) 
 I am 
 you are 
 he is 
 
 we are 
 you are 
 they are 
 
 1 was 
 you were 
 he was 
 
 PRESENT. 
 
 Question 
 am I? 
 are you? 
 is he? 
 
 are we? 
 are you? 
 are they? 
 
 PAST. 
 
 was I? 
 were you? 
 was he? 
 
 37 
 
 Answer 
 
 (Negative) 
 
 I am not 
 
 you are not 
 
 he is not 
 
 we are not 
 you are not 
 they are not 
 
 I was not 
 you were not 
 he was not 
 
we were 
 you were 
 they were 
 
 I will be 
 you will be 
 he will be 
 
 we will be 
 you will be 
 they will be 
 
 were we? 
 were you? 
 were they? 
 
 FUTURE. 
 
 sfeall I be? 
 will you be? 
 will he be? 
 
 shall we be? 
 will you be? 
 wiU they be? 
 
 PRESENT PERFECT. 
 
 we were not 
 you were not 
 they were not 
 
 I will not be 
 you will not be 
 he will not be 
 
 we will not be 
 you will not be 
 they wiU not be 
 
 I have been have I been? I have not been 
 
 you have been have you been? you have not been 
 
 he has been has he been? he has not been 
 
 we have been have we been? we have not been 
 
 you have been have you been? you have not been 
 
 they have been have they been? they have not been 
 
 be 
 
 IMPERATIVE. 
 
 do not be (don't be) 
 
 INFINITIVE. 
 
 to be 
 
 PARTICIPLES. 
 
 Present. . . .being 
 Perfect. . .been 
 
 38 
 
LESSON XXVI 
 
 THE VERB "TO HAVE." 
 
 Answer 
 (Affirmative) 
 I have 
 you have 
 he has 
 
 we have 
 you have 
 they have 
 
 I had 
 you had 
 he had 
 
 we had 
 you had 
 they had 
 
 I will have 
 you will have 
 he will have 
 
 we will have 
 you will have 
 they will have 
 
 PRESENT. 
 
 Question 
 have I? 
 have you? 
 has he? 
 
 have we? 
 have you? 
 have they? 
 
 PAST. 
 
 did I have 
 did you have? 
 did he have? 
 
 did we have? 
 did you have? 
 did they have? 
 
 FUTURE. 
 
 shall I have? 
 will you have? 
 will he have? 
 
 shall we have? 
 will you have? 
 will they have? 
 
 Answer (Negative) 
 I have not 
 you have not 
 he has not 
 
 we 
 
 have not 
 you have not 
 they have not 
 
 I did not have 
 you did not have 
 he did not have 
 
 we did not have 
 you did not have 
 they did not have 
 
 I will not have 
 
 you will not have 
 
 'he will not have 
 
 we will not have 
 you will not have 
 they will not have 
 
 39 
 
Answer 
 (Afifirmative) 
 I have had 
 you have had 
 he has had 
 
 PRESENT PERFECT. 
 
 Question — Answer (Negative) 
 have I had? I have not had 
 have you had? you have not had 
 has he had? he has not had 
 
 we have had 
 you have had 
 they have had 
 
 have we had? we have not had 
 have you had? you have not had 
 have they had ? they have not had 
 
 
 IMPERATIVE. 
 
 have 
 
 do not have (don't have 
 
 
 INFINITIVE. 
 
 
 to have 
 
 
 PARTICIPLE. 
 
 
 Present having 
 
 Perfect. . . .had 
 
 
 LESSON XXVII 
 
 THE VERBS "TO WORK" AND "TO GO." 
 
 
 ACTIVE VOICE. 
 
 Present — 
 
 Present — 
 
 I work 
 
 I go 
 
 you work you go 
 he works he goes 
 
 we work we go 
 you work you go 
 they work they go 
 
 40 
 
Past— 
 
 Past— 
 
 I worked 
 
 I went 
 
 you worked 
 
 you went 
 
 he worked 
 
 he went 
 
 we worked 
 
 we went 
 
 you worked 
 
 you went 
 
 they worked 
 
 they went 
 
 Future — 
 
 Future — 
 
 I will work 
 
 I will go 
 
 you will work 
 
 you will go 
 
 he will work 
 
 he will go 
 
 we will work 
 
 we will go 
 
 you will work 
 
 you will go 
 
 they will work 
 
 they will go 
 
 Present perfect — 
 
 Present perfect — 
 
 I have worked 
 
 I have gone 
 
 you have worked 
 
 you have gone 
 
 he has worked 
 
 he has gone 
 
 we have worked 
 
 we have gone 
 
 you have worked 
 
 you have gone 
 
 they have worked 
 
 they have gone 
 
 Imperative — 
 
 Imperative — 
 
 work 
 
 go 
 
 Infinitive — 
 
 Infinitive — 
 
 to work 
 
 to go 
 
 Participles — 
 
 Participles — 
 
 Present, .working 
 
 Present . . going 
 
 Perfect . . having worked Perfect . . having gor 
 
 41 
 
FULL FUTURE FORM. 
 
 I shall work we shall work 
 
 350U will work you will work 
 
 he will work they will work 
 
 I will work 
 you shall work 
 he shall work 
 
 we will work 
 you shall work 
 they shall work 
 
 LESSON XXVIII 
 
 PASSIVE VOICE. 
 THE VERB "TO LIKE." 
 
 I am liked 
 you are liked 
 he is liked 
 
 I was liked 
 you were liked 
 he was liked 
 
 I will be liked 
 you will be Uked 
 he will be liked 
 
 PRESENT. 
 
 PAST. 
 
 FUTURE. 
 
 we are liked 
 you are liked 
 they are liked 
 
 we were liked 
 you were liked 
 they were liked 
 
 we will be liked 
 you will be liked 
 they will be liked 
 
 PRESENT PERFECT. 
 
 I have been liked 
 you have been liked 
 he has been liked 
 
 we 
 
 have been liked' 
 you have been liked 
 they have been liked 
 
 42 
 

 IMPERATIVE. 
 
 
 
 be liked 
 
 
 
 INFINITIVE. 
 
 
 
 to be liked 
 
 
 
 PARTICIPLES 
 
 
 Present .... being 
 Perfect. . . .liked, 
 
 liked 
 
 having been liked 
 
 
 LESSON XXIX 
 
 
 
 PRESENT TENSE. 
 
 
 I can 
 you can 
 he can 
 she can 
 
 I may 
 you may 
 he may 
 she may 
 
 I shall 
 you shall 
 he shall 
 she shall 
 
 I will 
 you will 
 he will 
 she will 
 
 we can 
 you can 
 they can 
 
 we may 
 you may 
 they may 
 
 we shall 
 they shall 
 they shall 
 
 we will 
 you will 
 theyTvill 
 
 
 PAST TENSE 
 
 
 I could 
 you could 
 he could 
 she could 
 
 I might 
 you might 
 he might 
 she might 
 
 I should 
 you should 
 he should 
 she shotdd 
 
 I would 
 you would 
 he would 
 she would 
 
 we could 
 you could 
 they could 
 
 we might 
 you might 
 they might 
 
 we should 
 you should 
 they should 
 
 we would 
 you wotild 
 they would 
 
 43 
 
PRESENT PAST 
 
 I must I ought 
 
 you must you ought 
 
 he must he ought 
 
 she must she ought 
 
 we must we ought 
 
 you must you ought 
 
 they must they ought 
 
 SUGGESTIONS TO THE TEACHER. 
 
 Explain the emphatic form used with "do;" "I do 
 know where he is." Show how to ask a question 
 and how to answer negatively, "To" is omitted 
 after "will," "shall," "can," "may," "must." For 
 example, "He can go." "I must work." 
 
 THE VERB. 
 
 EXERCISE. 
 
 1. Have you been away? 2. No, I have not been 
 away. 3. I have been here all the time. 4. Did you 
 go home for Christmas? 5. Yes, I went home for 
 Christmas, but I did not stay there very long. 6. 
 Will you go home for Easter? 7. I will not go home 
 for Easter. 8. I will be working then. 9, Where do 
 you work? 10. I work in the shoe-shop. 11. How 
 long have you been working there? 12. I have been 
 working there two years. 13. It is a fine place; I' 
 like it. 14. Will you come with me? 15. No, I am 
 busy; I cannot go with you. 16. Do you speak 
 English? 17. Yes, I speak English. 18. Did you 
 read your lesson? ' 19. I did not read my lesson. 
 20. What nationality are you? 21. I am German. 
 
 44 
 
22. My brother will come to see me to-morrow. 23. 
 Will he stay here very long? 24. Did you receive a 
 letter from your sister? 25. Yes, I received a letter 
 from my sister to-day. 26. What did she say in the 
 letter? 
 
 27. Do you work? 28. No, I do not work. 29. 
 Does he work? 30. Do your iDrothers go to school? 
 31. When will they come to see you? 32. Are you 
 loved by your mother? 33. Were you seen when you 
 came here? 34. No, nobody saw me. 35. My brother 
 was taken to the hospital yesterday afternoon. 36. 
 Was he taken in an ambulance? 37. I will not see 
 my brother this week. 38. He will not be allowed 
 to receive visitors. 
 
 39. When do you go to work in the morning? 40. 
 I go to work at six o'clock. 41. Did you have your 
 supper? 42. I did not have my supper. 43. Did your 
 brothers have their dinner? 44. Do they go out in 
 the evening? 45. Yes, they do. 46. Last night they 
 went out at seven o'clock. 47. Is your sister working 
 in the office? 48. No, my sister goes to school. 
 
 LESSON XXX 
 
 THE VERB. 
 
 QUESTIONS. 
 
 Present Past 
 
 do I work? did I work? 
 
 do you work? did you work? 
 
 does he work? did he work? 
 
 do we work? did we work? 
 
 do you work? did you work? 
 
 do they work? did they work? 
 
 45 
 
ANSWERS 
 
 Present 
 
 I work 
 
 you work 
 
 he works 
 
 we work 
 you work 
 they work 
 
 ANSWERS 
 Present 
 I do not work 
 don't 
 
 you do not work 
 don't 
 
 he does not work 
 doesn't 
 
 we do not work 
 don't 
 
 you do not work 
 don't 
 
 they do not work 
 don't 
 
 (Affirmative) 
 
 Past 
 I worked 
 you worked 
 he worked 
 
 we worked 
 you worked 
 they worked 
 
 (Negative) 
 
 Past 
 I did not work 
 didn't 
 
 you did not work 
 didn't 
 
 he did not work 
 didn't 
 
 we did not work 
 didn't 
 
 you did not work 
 didn't 
 
 they did not work 
 didn't 
 
 QUESTIONS 
 
 Future Present Perfect 
 
 shall I work? have I worked? 
 
 will you work? have you worked? 
 
 will he work? has he worked? 
 
 shall we work? 
 will you work? 
 will they work? 
 
 have we worked? 
 have you worked? 
 have they worked? 
 
 46 
 
Future 
 I will work 
 you will work 
 he will work 
 we will work 
 you will work 
 they will work 
 
 ANSWERS (Affirmative) 
 
 Present Perfect 
 I have worked 
 you have worked 
 he has worked 
 we have worked 
 you have worked 
 they have worked 
 
 Future 
 I will not 
 won't 
 
 you will not 
 won't 
 
 ANSWERS (Negative) 
 
 Present Perfect 
 work I have not worked 
 
 haven't 
 
 he 
 
 we 
 
 will not 
 won't 
 
 will not 
 won't 
 
 work 
 
 work 
 
 work 
 
 work 
 
 you will not 
 won't 
 
 they will not work 
 won't 
 
 you have not worked 
 haven't 
 
 he has not worked 
 hasn't 
 
 we have not worked 
 haven't 
 
 you have not worked 
 haven't 
 
 they have not worked 
 haven't 
 
 47 
 
X 
 
 S 
 
 ■ s 
 
 o 
 m ^ 
 
 w S 
 > t^ 
 
 Hj w 
 
 H (^ 
 O 
 O 
 P^ 
 
 c,. b« bo bo 
 
 oJ w fa h o o o 
 
 §3 fl 
 
 -(f -(J -tj 
 o o o 
 ■ PI PI 
 
 (U 
 
 c3.2 
 
 (U <U (U 
 
 »H »-( Vh 
 
 Co Co Clj 
 
 15 
 
 tn 
 M 
 
 « 
 Pi 
 
 o <u g 6 S 
 
 gllllll 
 
 9 fa fa fa o o o 
 
 ^ i i i ^ ^ i 
 
 a 
 
 ;3 
 P (U 
 
 cd 
 
 2 ^ 
 
 
 0) ID 
 
 bfibp bo 
 
 bo bo bo 
 fi Pi 
 
 ^^ 
 
 IH (h (h 
 
 o o o 
 
 r*-. r^. n.. 
 
 r»-. ri.. rv. 
 
 
 
 a 
 
 o 
 
 <u 
 
 w (U ^ CD _g 
 
 w j;, w (1: iL c 
 
 cs <u 03 53 S S 
 
 ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ 
 
 cd bo bo bo 
 ^ PI <u 
 
 PI 
 
 <5 
 
 (U 
 
 rking 
 rking 
 rking 
 
 %%^ 
 
 CO CO 
 
 i 
 
 a. 3 
 
 ^ 
 
 5^ 
 
 48 
 
 0) 
 M ^H OT 
 OS (U cd 
 
 1 
 
 |^gp*»» 
 
 bo bo bo 
 
 III 
 
 a> 0} a> 
 
 Ih 1^ £d 
 
 S3 S 0) 
 
 
 
S< +? if -g o o o 
 
 !h !h t-i •jr-j -r-j •jr-j 
 
 w i^ ^ ^ -e -e -e 
 
 g flpopggg 
 
 ^ 3 -. ? ^ 
 
 a 
 
 o oj a^ o^ 
 
 CO *--! •^ Co *—( 1— I 
 
 
 
 nJ 
 
 (U 
 
 
 I 
 
 o o 
 
 PI PI fl 
 
 (D OJ 0) 
 0) d) (U 
 
 bfl^ ^ ^vQrQ *Q 
 
 PI 
 
 <1 
 
 • o 
 
 ^ 
 
 o 
 
 PI 
 
 PI 
 
 PI 
 
 a; 
 
 CD 
 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 w 
 
 a 
 
 ■oS 
 
 nJ 
 
 ^rC^ 
 
 
 3 
 
 
 
 o 
 
 m 
 
 1— 1 
 
 >^,c| 
 
 o 
 PI 
 
 > 
 
 o 
 PI 
 
 .. ^ . 
 
 r>-. n-. fv. <>■ f>- <>■ 
 
 S o o o P P P 
 
 g a ^ ^ i ^ ^ ^ 
 
 •2 rt rt fl S Si S 
 
 +j 0) <L) <D 
 
 <U <D 0) 
 
 11-1 -s-r^ 
 
 49 
 
 SO! § oj a; g^ 
 
 0) OJ 0) dJ OJ 
 
 > > w > >■ t> 
 
 Co CU Cti C€ Cj Gj 
 ^^^^^^ 
 
 t« ba bo 5^ ^ ^ 
 
 ^ pj Pi Pi.S.S.S 
 sf ;3 3 ;3 ri<( ^ ,i4 
 
 >■ t2 T^ "S ^-1 ^ ^ 
 ■^ g P P i g g 
 
 eg ^ ^ I ^ ^ p 
 
 S CJ d C3 P< Pi Pi 
 h S 8 § 9^ Ji 9^ 
 
 I ^ ^ ^ -« 'Pi -^ 
 
 bo biO 
 
 ri*i ,ii| 
 
 (U ID 
 
 6 o o H 15 
 < •n'ti & P 
 
 " o. 
 
 
LESSON XXXII 
 
 PRINCIPAL PARTS 
 
 of the 
 MOST COMMON IRREGULAR VERBS. 
 
 Present 
 
 a awake 
 i beat 
 j/^ begin 
 ^ bend 
 C'bet 
 ^ bid 
 bind 
 bite 
 bleed 
 blow 
 break 
 buy 
 build 
 bum 
 burst 
 catch 
 choose 
 come 
 cost 
 creep 
 cut 
 dig 
 do 
 
 draw 
 drink 
 
 Past Past Participle 
 
 was 
 
 been 
 
 awoke 
 
 awaked 
 
 beat 
 
 beat, beaten 
 
 began 
 
 begim 
 
 bent 
 
 bent 
 
 bet 
 
 bet 
 
 bid, bade 
 
 bid, bidden 
 
 bound 
 
 bound 
 
 bit 
 
 bit, bitten 
 
 bled 
 
 bled 
 
 blew 
 
 blown 
 
 broke 
 
 broken 
 
 bought 
 
 bought 
 
 built 
 
 built 
 
 burnt, burned 
 
 burnt, btimed 
 
 burst 
 
 burst 
 
 caught 
 
 caught 
 
 chose . 
 
 chosen 
 
 came 
 
 come 
 
 cost 
 
 cost 
 
 crept 
 
 crept 
 
 cut 
 
 cut 
 
 dug 
 
 dug 
 
 did 
 
 done 
 
 drew 
 
 drawn 
 
 drank 
 
 dnuik 
 
 50 
 
esent 
 
 Past Past Participle 
 
 drive 
 
 drove 
 
 driven 
 
 dwell 
 
 dwelt 
 
 dwelt 
 
 eat 
 
 ate 
 
 eaten 
 
 fall 
 
 fell 
 
 fallen 
 
 feed - 
 
 fed 
 
 fed 
 
 feel 
 
 felt 
 
 felt 
 
 fight 
 
 fought 
 
 fought* 
 
 find 
 
 found 
 
 • found , 
 
 fly 
 
 flew 
 
 flown 
 
 forget 
 
 forgot 
 
 forgotten 
 
 forsake 
 
 forsook 
 
 forsaken 
 
 freeze 
 
 froze 
 
 frozen 
 
 get 
 
 got 
 
 got 
 
 give 
 
 gave 
 
 given 
 
 go 
 
 went 
 
 gone 
 
 grind 
 
 ground 
 
 ground 
 
 grow 
 
 grew. 
 
 grown 
 
 hang 
 
 hung, hanged 
 
 hung, hanged 
 
 have 
 
 had 
 
 had 
 
 hear 
 
 heard 
 
 heard ■ 
 
 hide 
 
 hid 
 
 hidden, hid 
 
 hit 
 
 hit 
 
 hit 
 
 hold 
 
 held 
 
 held 
 
 hurt 
 
 hurt 
 
 hurt 
 
 keep 
 
 kept 
 
 kept 
 
 kneel 
 
 knelt 
 
 knelt 
 
 knit 
 
 knit' 
 
 knit 
 
 know 
 
 knew 
 
 known 
 
 lead 
 
 led 
 
 led 
 
 leave 
 
 left 
 
 left 
 
 lend 
 
 lent 
 
 lent 
 
 let 
 
 let 
 
 let 
 
 51 
 
Present 
 
 Past 
 
 Past Participle 
 
 lie 
 
 lay 
 
 lain 
 
 light 
 
 lighted, lit 
 
 lighted, lit 
 
 lose 
 
 lost 
 
 lost 
 
 make 
 
 made 
 
 made 
 
 mean 
 
 meant 
 
 meant 
 
 meet 
 
 met 
 
 met 
 
 put ' 
 
 put , 
 
 put 
 
 quit 
 
 quit 
 
 quit 
 
 read 
 
 read 
 
 read 
 
 rend 
 
 rent 
 
 rent 
 
 ride 
 
 rode 
 
 ridden 
 
 ring 
 
 rang 
 
 rung 
 
 rise 
 
 rose 
 
 risen 
 
 run 
 
 ran 
 
 run 
 
 see 
 
 saw- 
 
 seen 
 
 seek 
 
 sought 
 
 sought 
 
 send 
 
 sent 
 
 sent 
 
 shake 
 
 shook 
 
 shaken 
 
 shine 
 
 shone 
 
 shone 
 
 shoot 
 
 shot 
 
 shot 
 
 show- 
 
 showed 
 
 shown 
 
 shrink 
 
 shrank 
 
 shrunk 
 
 shut 
 
 shut 
 
 shut 
 
 sing 
 
 sang 
 
 sung 
 
 sink 
 
 sank 
 
 sunk 
 
 sit 
 
 sat 
 
 sat 
 
 slay 
 
 slew 
 
 slain 
 
 sleep 
 
 slept 
 
 slept 
 
 slide 
 
 slid 
 
 slid 
 
 smell 
 
 smelt, smelled smelt, smelled 
 
 speak 
 
 spoke 
 
 spoken 
 
 speed 
 
 sped 
 
 sped 
 
 52 
 
Present 
 
 Past 
 
 Past Participle 
 
 spend 
 
 spent 
 
 spent 
 
 spin 
 spit 
 spread 
 
 spun 
 
 spit 
 
 spread 
 
 spun 
 
 spit 
 
 spread 
 
 spring 
 stahd 
 
 sprang 
 stood 
 
 sprung 
 stood 
 
 steal 
 
 stole 
 
 stolen 
 
 stick 
 
 stuck 
 
 stuck 
 
 sting 
 stink 
 
 stung 
 stunk 
 
 stung 
 stunk 
 
 strike 
 
 struck 
 
 struck 
 
 string 
 
 strung 
 
 strung 
 
 swear 
 
 swore 
 
 sworn 
 
 sweep 
 swell 
 
 swept 
 swelled 
 
 swept 
 swollen 
 
 swim 
 
 swam 
 
 swum 
 
 take 
 
 took 
 
 taken 
 
 teach 
 tear 
 
 taught 
 tore 
 
 taught 
 torn 
 
 tell 
 
 told 
 
 told 
 
 think 
 throw 
 
 thought 
 threw 
 
 thought 
 thrown 
 
 wear 
 
 wore 
 
 worn 
 
 .weave.. 
 
 wove 
 
 woven 
 
 weep 
 wet 
 
 wept 
 wet 
 
 wept 
 wet 
 
 win 
 
 won 
 
 won 
 
 wind 
 
 wound 
 
 wound 
 
 wring 
 write 
 
 wrung 
 wrote 
 
 wrung 
 written- 
 
 53 
 
LESSON XXXIII 
 
 ADVERBS. 
 
 when When did you come home? 
 
 where Where did you go? 
 
 how How did you do it? 
 
 why Why did you do it? 
 
 now I am going to work now. 
 
 never I never went there. 
 
 always I always go to bed at ten o'clock. 
 
 early You go to bed early. 
 
 late This is not late. 
 
 often How often do you shave? 
 
 to-day I shall be here to-day and to- 
 
 tomorrow morrow. 
 
 down Come down quickly. 
 
 here Gome here. 
 
 there Go there. 
 
 near Do not come near. 
 
 back Get back. 
 
 below Who lives below? 
 
 above We are above. 
 
 right Keep to your right. 
 
 left Do not keep to your left. 
 
 certainly I certainly would like to have 
 
 some water. 
 
 well ;....! am very well. 
 
 again Come again to-morrow. 
 
 much How much do you want? 
 
 enough That is enough. 
 
 too much Do not give me too much. 
 
 once I went there only once. 
 
 twice He went home twice. 
 
 54 
 
three times . . . She went home three times. 
 four times .... I recited my lesson four times. 
 
 wherever Write me wherever you go. 
 
 whenever Come to see us whenever you 
 
 come to town. 
 Perhaps Perhaps he came when I was 
 
 not in. 
 
 not Is dinner ready? Not yet. 
 
 up Come up, John. 
 
 nowhere Where did you go last night? I 
 
 went nowhere last night. 
 
 seldom I seldom go home. 
 
 while. Work while you are strong. 
 
 SUGGESTIONS TO THE TEACHER. 
 
 Explain how to form the adverbs. Show how 
 to form adverbs from adjectives. Explain the 
 comparison of adverbs. 
 
 EXERCISE. 
 
 1. He sang sweetly. 2. He walks quietly. 3. 
 Speak slowly and read carefully. 4. George 
 plays well. 5. Speak softly when you are in the 
 car. 6. Step lively when you mount a car. 7. 
 Do yotir work faithfully and carefully. 8. The 
 soldiers fought bravely. 9. Dress not richly, 
 but neatly.' 10. They lived happily until they 
 died. 11. Speak slowly if you want to be un- 
 derstood, and listen carefully if you want to 
 understand. 12. Listen very' patiently if you 
 want to learn. 13. The sun shines brightly. 
 14. Always write plainly. 
 
 S5 
 
LESSON XXXIV 
 
 PREPOSITIONS. 
 
 about He spoke to me about you. 
 
 above John lives above me. 
 
 across He went across the street. 
 
 according to. . .He is a Uar, according to you, 
 
 after He went after him. 
 
 against He fought against you. 
 
 along He walked along the street. 
 
 among He divided the apple among you. 
 
 between He sat between us. 
 
 around We went around the house. 
 
 before He stood before us. 
 
 through I went through Boston. 
 
 behind ..;... .We went behind the house. 
 
 during He caught only one during the 
 
 day, 
 
 for Do not wait for me. 
 
 from They came from New York. 
 
 like He looks like you, 
 
 of . ; I always think of my friends. 
 
 on I put the book on the table. 
 
 upon He placed it upon it, 
 
 over Jump over the table." 
 
 since He has not eaten since last night. 
 
 till, until Wait till (until) I come. 
 
 in He is in the room. 
 
 into He fell into the water. 
 
 at I will meet you at the comer. 
 
 to He went to school. 
 
 56 
 
toward He moved toward me. 
 
 with I drink tea with milk. 
 
 without ...... I drink coffee without milk. 
 
 CONJUNCTIONS. 
 
 and You and I are friends. 
 
 because I went because I had to work. 
 
 If Come if you can. 
 
 but I would like to come, but I 
 
 cannot. 
 
 so So you came. 
 
 neither, .nor. .Neither cold nor hot. 
 either, .or. . . .Either tea or coffee. 
 
 LESSON XXXV 
 
 ABBREVIATED WORDS USED IN EVERY-DAY 
 SPEECH. 
 
 ain't used for. . .am not, are not, is not. 
 
 aren't used for . . . are not. 
 
 can't used for. . .cannot. 
 
 couldn't . . . used for . . . could not. 
 
 don't used for. . .do not. 
 
 didn't used for. . .did not. 
 
 'em used for. . .them. 
 
 haven't used for. . .have npt. 
 
 hadn't. . . .used for. ...had not. 
 
 he'd ...... used for . . . he would, he had. 
 
 he'll used for ... he will. 
 
 I'll used for... I will. 
 
 he's used for . . . he is. 
 
 57 
 
here's used for . . 
 
 I'd used for. . 
 
 she'd used for . . 
 
 shouldn't . . used for . . 
 
 that's used for. . 
 
 there's. . . .used for. . 
 'twasn't . . .used for. . 
 
 'twere used for . . 
 
 'tisn't used for . . 
 
 I'm used for. . 
 
 I've used for. . 
 
 isn't used for . . 
 
 it's used for. . 
 
 let 'em. . . .used for. . 
 
 let's used for. . 
 
 you've .... used for . . 
 wouldn't. . . used for . . 
 
 won't used for . : 
 
 oughtn't, . .used for. . 
 
 shan't used for. , 
 
 what's .... used for . . 
 Where's .... used for . 
 
 who's used for. 
 
 Messrs ..... used for . 
 
 Mr used for . 
 
 Mrs used for. 
 
 ma'am .... used for . 
 
 .here is. 
 
 . I would, I had. 
 
 .she would, she had. 
 
 . should not. 
 
 . that is. 
 . .there is. 
 , . it was not. 
 . .it were. 
 . . it is not. 
 . . I am. 
 . . I have. 
 . . is not. 
 . . it is. 
 . . let them. 
 . . let us. 
 . . you have. 
 . . would not. 
 : .will not. 
 . . ought not. 
 . . shall not. 
 . .what is. 
 . .where is. 
 . . who is. 
 . . Messieurs, Sirs. 
 . . Mister. 
 . . Mistress. . 
 . . Madam. 
 
 SUGGESTIONS TO THE TEACHER. 
 
 Some of the abbreviiated words given above 
 should not be encouraged by the teacher. They 
 are put here in order that the student may 
 recognize them when others use them. 
 
 58 
 
ABBREVIATIONS USED IN WRITING. 
 
 U. S. A for United States of America. 
 
 C. O. D for Collect on Delivery. 
 
 D. C for District of Columbia. 
 
 A. D for In the year of our Lord. 
 
 B. C for Before Christ. 
 
 etc for and so forth. 
 
 M. D for Doctor of Medicine. 
 
 per cent for by the hundred. 
 
 Supt for Superintendent. 
 
 U. S. M for United States Mail. 
 
 A for America. 
 
 Agt for agent. 
 
 A. M for before noon. 
 
 Amer for American. 
 
 Ans for answer. 
 
 Aug for August. 
 
 Ave for avenue. 
 
 Cal for California. 
 
 Ala for Alabama. 
 
 Ariz for Arizona. 
 
 Colo for Colorado. 
 
 Cr for credit, creditor. 
 
 Del for Delaware. 
 
 D. L. O for Dead Letter Office. 
 
 D. M. D for Doctor of Dental Medicine. 
 
 Dr for debtor, Doctor. 
 
 Eng for England. 
 
 Fla for Florida. 
 
 Fri for Friday. 
 
 Ga. for Georgia. 
 
 la for Iowa. 
 
 59 
 
Id for Idaho. 
 
 Ill for Illinois. 
 
 Ind for Indiana. 
 
 I O U for I owe you. 
 
 Kans for Kansas. 
 
 Ky for Kentucky. 
 
 Jul for July. 
 
 Jr for Junior. 
 
 Jan for January. 
 
 Maj for Major. 
 
 La for Louisiana. 
 
 lb for potind. 
 
 Mass for Massachusetts. 
 
 Me for Maine. 
 
 Messrs for Gentlemen. 
 
 Miss for Mississippi. 
 
 Mich for Michigan. 
 
 Minn for Minnesota. 
 
 Mo for Missouri. 
 
 Mont for Montana. 
 
 M for noon. 
 
 N. C for North Carolina. 
 
 N. D for North Dakota. 
 
 Neb for Nebraska. 
 
 Nev for Nevada. 
 
 N. H for New Hampshire. 
 
 N. J for New Jersey. 
 
 N. Y for New York. 
 
 N. M for New Mexico. 
 
 Nov for November. 
 
 Okla for Oklahoma. 
 
 oz for ounce. 
 
 Pa for Pennsylvania. 
 
 60 
 
p. S for Postscript. 
 
 Pt for part. 
 
 P. for Post-office. 
 
 R. I for Rhode Island. 
 
 R. R for Railroad. 
 
 S. D for South Dakota. 
 
 ,S. C for South Carolina. 
 
 Tenn for Tennessee. 
 
 Tex for Texas. 
 
 U. S for United States. 
 
 Ut for Utah. 
 
 Vt for Vermont. 
 
 Wash for Washington. 
 
 Wis for Wisconsin. 
 
 W. Va for West Virginia. 
 
 Va for Virginia. 
 
 Wyo for Wyoming. 
 
 Xmas for Christmas. 
 
 yd for yard. 
 
 Y. M. C. A... for Young Men's Christian 
 
 Association. 
 
 Y. W. C. A... for Young Women's Christian 
 
 Association. 
 
 Ore for Oregon. 
 
 Ark for Arkansas. 
 
 Conn for Connecticut. 
 
 Md for Maryland. 
 
 O :.for Ohio. 
 
 61 
 
PART III 
 
 DIALOGUES 
 
LESSON XXXVI 
 
 USUAL PHRASES. 
 
 V Good morning. 
 VOood afternoon. 
 vGood evening. 
 v/Good night. 
 n/How are you? 
 v^How do you do? 
 J^T i^va.^ipry wpJIj t.hanV ymi ., 
 
 What is it? 
 
 What is 1;he matter? 
 
 Look out! 
 
 Danger! 
 
 Hurry ub >- — - 
 yi am hungry. 
 \/I"am t ^^TRty — 
 
 What time is it? 
 
 It is five o'clock. 
 
 Thank you. 
 
 Don't mention it. 
 
 Where are you going? 
 
 What is your name? 
 
 My name is John. 
 
 What do you want? 
 
 v/Do you understand? 
 /Yes, I understand. 
 VyDo you speak EngHsh? 
 
 oJjioJaat-spfiakJElQglislL 
 What did you say? 
 
 
 Excuse me, I did not speak. 
 Pardon me. 
 
 65 
 
I beg your pardisn. 
 Keep to the right. 
 Keep to the left. 
 Up stairSi_ 
 Down stairs. 
 Get up. 
 Come here. 
 How many? 
 How much? 
 Why? 
 Because. 
 Keep still. 
 •Keep qtiiet. 
 Good-bye. 
 Good day. 
 Please. 
 It is late. 
 It is early. 
 Go there. 
 
 A glass of water. ^ 
 
 How long have you been in this country? 
 I have been in this country two years. 
 To-morrow. 
 To-day. 
 
 Where do you live? 
 I live on Chestnut Street. 
 How old are you? 
 I am twenty years old. / 
 Do you know me? 
 Yes, I know you. 
 Come up. 
 Come down. 
 I am very glad to see you. 
 
 66 
 
Open the door. 
 
 Close the door. 
 
 Never mind. 
 
 Not responsible for lost articles. 
 
 Entrance. 
 
 Exit. 
 
 Fire. 
 
 Fire-escape. 
 
 Admission. 
 
 Give me a glass of water. 
 
 All right. 
 
 Come on. 
 
 Very well, sir. 
 
 I am tired, 
 
 I think so, 
 
 I am sorry. 
 
 I am glad. 
 -You are right. 
 -You are wrong. 
 
 You are mistaken. 
 
 Pardon me, I made a mistake. 
 - Smoking not allowed. 
 -Spitting not allowed. 
 
 I am sure. 
 
 Maxjie. 
 
 Perhaps. 
 
 -Let us go. 
 
 Every day. 
 
 I am afraid. 
 
 Listen. 
 
 Come with me. 
 -Put the light on. 
 -Put the light out. 
 
 Not yet. 
 
 67 
 
Always. 
 
 Take off your hat. 
 -AH aboard. , 
 
 How are you getting along? 
 Keep off the grass. - / 
 
 Railroad crossing — ^look out for the engine. 
 
 SUGGESTIONS TO THE TEACHER. 
 
 These phrases are veiy useful, and are to be 
 committed to memory and mastered thoroughly. 
 
 The teacher should not limit himself to these 
 phrases. They should serve as a motive to 
 further conversation. 
 
 LESSON XXXVII 
 
 / 
 
 THE WEATHER. 
 
 ? Good morning, George. This is fine weather. 
 Yes, it is a fine day. We had a beautiful day 
 yesterday. 
 , It is cloudy now. 
 \ I i^filtk we sAall have some snow very soon. 
 
 ^ How is the weather? 
 ' It is a little better now. It was a terrible 
 rainfetofm we had yesterday. 
 
 We need the rain. We haven't had rain for 
 , two months. ' ^,.> 
 
 Did you see the weather bttlletin this morning? 
 • Yes, IJookgd at it while I was passing by 
 Jthe square, /' 
 
 m 
 
The bulletin says that we shall have warm 
 weather to-day and to-morrow, with a light 
 breeze in the e^^ing. 
 
 It was cold this morning. 
 
 It" is getting warmer liow. 
 
 How is the weather, John? Is it raining or 
 snowing? '' 
 
 it was pouring hard about an hour ago, but 
 it is hailing nbw. 
 
 , It looks as though we were going to have a 
 shower. 
 
 _Do you feel cold, George? 
 
 Yes, I am frozen to death. I am going in to 
 get warmed up a little. 
 
 Evefythmg is frozen. I think we shall have 
 a show storm. 
 
 Too bad. We cannot skate if it snows. 
 
 No fear of that. The weather is getting milder. 
 
 So much ' thfe worse. Mild weather nifeans 
 that we are going to have show. 
 
 What is the weather forecast? 
 
 I don't know. I haven't seen the newspaper 
 to-day. 
 
 Here is one. Let us see. , 
 
 — . — ' ^ ^ c- 
 
 It is windy. The weather is very unsettled 
 
 now. It may clear up later. 
 
 We expect this kind of weather in the fall. 
 It is damp. 
 
 It is foggy. 
 
 It is misty. 
 
 It hails. 
 
 It thunders. 
 
 69 
 
It lightens. 
 
 The sun is coming out. 
 
 The ice is melting fast. It will be muddy- 
 after the ice melts. 
 
 It is getting dark. We must go. 
 
 It is daylight yet.- 
 
 We have full moon this week. 
 
 The thermometer at my window registered 
 five below zero this morning. 
 
 Quite different from mine. My thermometer 
 registered two above zero at nine o'clock. 
 
 The sun rises in the East. 
 
 The sun sets in the West. 
 
 The wind blows from the North., 
 
 The South wind is warmer than the North wind. 
 
 LESSON XXXVIII 
 
 
 TIME. 
 
 year 
 
 afternoon 
 
 month 
 
 night 
 
 week 
 
 midnight 
 
 day 
 
 evening 
 
 horn- 
 
 to-day 
 
 half an holu" 
 
 to-morrow 
 
 quarter ,of an hour 
 
 now 
 
 minute 
 
 the day before yesterday 
 
 second 
 
 the day after to-morrow 
 
 an hour later 
 
 a week from to-day 
 
 night 
 
 a week ago yesterday 
 
 yesterday 
 
 ten days ago 
 
 morning 
 
 one year ago 
 
 forenoon 
 
 next week 
 
 noon 
 
 last month 
 
 
 70 
 
THE SEASONS. 
 
 Spring 
 Summer 
 
 Autumn (or Fall) 
 Winter' 
 
 THE MONTHS OF THE YEAR. 
 
 January " July 
 
 February ' August 
 
 March September 
 
 April October 
 
 May November 
 
 June , _ December 
 
 • THE DAYS .OF THE WEEK. 
 
 Monday Thursday- 
 
 Tuesday Friday 
 
 Wednesday ■ Saturday 
 
 Sunday 
 
 .HOW TO ASK THE TIME. 
 
 What time is it, please? 
 
 It is ten o'clock. 
 ' It is twenty minutes past ten. 
 T^It is half -past ten. 
 
 It is twenty minutes of eleven. 
 
 Jt is^wenty minutes to eleven. 
 
 Tt ig qnprtfvr nf twelve. 
 •^It is**5 uarter to twel^Tgr 
 
 It is quarter past two. 
 
 Wliat time does ^ he train leaj ^? 
 
 Tt leaves^ven fifty. 
 
 71 
 
You are mistaken. It leaves seven twenty- 
 five. 
 
 It is noon. 
 It is midnight. 
 
 It is afternoon. 
 
 What time is it by your watch? 
 
 My watch has stopped. I forgot to wind it. 
 
 'My watch goes fast. It does not keep good 
 time. ~^ 
 
 Mine goes slow. I don't kijow what is the 
 matter with it. It is five minutes slow now. I 
 must have it fixed. 
 
 Do you have an alarm clock? 
 
 Yes, I have an alarm clock. 
 
 Set the clock for half -past five. 
 
 What time do you have your breakfast? 
 
 I have my breakfas t at six o'clock , my dinner 
 at twelve, and my supper at six. 
 
 There are four seasons in one year. 
 
 Name the four seasons. 
 
 Spring, Summer,,,j^^mnn or -Fall,. Winter. 
 
 One year has twelve months. 
 
 A month has four weeks. 
 
 Next year is a ]ga£__year. 
 ^ Can you name the months of the year? 
 
 January, February, March, April, May, June, 
 July, August, September, October, November, 
 December. 
 
 Name the days of the week. 
 
 Sunday, Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, 
 Thursday,. Friday, Saturday. 
 
 72 
 
What day is it to-day? 
 
 To-day is Wednesday. 
 ^lA^hat is the date to-day? 
 
 To-day is the twelfth of January. 
 TWhat day of the month is it to-day? 
 
 To-day is the twentieth of August. 
 
 How long have you been here? 
 
 I have been here two months. 
 
 I came to this town two weeks ago. 
 
 I came here a week ago yesterday. 
 
 I am going away the day after to-morrow. 
 
 I came home ten days ago. 
 
 I>wettt to Boston last month. 
 
 I_am going to New York next week. 
 
 A week from to-day I shall be home. 
 
 LESSON XXXIX 
 
 THE HOUSE AND HOUSE UTENSILS. 
 
 
 ^^OCABULARY. 
 
 
 landlady 
 
 table-cloth 
 
 mat 
 
 landlord 
 
 basin _ 
 
 _ thread 
 
 Janitor 
 
 towel 
 
 needle 
 
 tenant 
 
 pitcher — ■ 
 
 -Spool : 
 
 house 
 
 soap 
 
 pin 
 
 apartment 
 
 door 
 
 safety-pin 
 
 room 
 
 window — 
 
 - clothes-line 
 
 suite 
 
 window-shade 
 
 kettle 
 
 tenement 
 
 screen' -__ 
 
 _water-pa,i1 
 
 flat 
 
 — blinds ^ 
 
 _ wringer 
 
 kitchen 
 
 key -^ 
 
 saw 
 
 73 
 
hall 
 
 f)ass-key 
 
 sewing-machine 
 
 drawing-room 
 
 lock 
 
 -~-oil-cloth 
 
 vestibule 
 
 wash-stand 
 
 iron 
 
 parlor 
 
 desk 
 
 — mop 
 
 sitting-room 
 
 chair 
 
 ■-^strainer 
 
 stairway _ 
 
 . stool 
 
 ash-sifter 
 
 cellar 
 
 ann-chair 
 
 barrel 
 
 attic 
 
 piano 
 
 pan 
 
 dining-room 
 
 stove 
 
 chimney 
 
 fumittire 
 
 trunk 
 
 wall 
 
 fire-escape 
 
 lamp 
 
 bell 
 
 roof 
 
 knife 
 
 knob 
 
 basement 
 
 fork 
 
 bolt 
 
 yard 
 
 cup 
 
 "" "ceiling 
 
 floor — 
 
 - saucer 
 
 ^^ latch 
 
 bed-room 
 
 spoon 
 
 table-spoon 
 
 pantry 
 
 glass 
 
 tea-spoon 
 
 water-closet "^ 
 
 tumbler 
 
 bowl 
 
 toilet 
 
 napkin 
 
 bottle 
 
 furnished 
 
 coffee-pot 
 
 lid 
 
 unfurnished 
 
 tea-pot 
 
 oven 
 
 front 
 
 plate 
 
 ,— sieve 
 
 back 
 
 dish 
 
 gas-range 
 
 bath-tub — 
 
 -platter 
 
 sofa 
 
 bath - 
 
 - drawer 
 
 shelf 
 
 curtain 
 
 broom 
 
 sink 
 
 picttire 
 
 match 
 
 bed 
 
 chair 
 
 shovel 
 
 bedstead 
 
 looking-glass 
 
 clock 
 
 cover 
 
 mirror 
 
 scissors 
 
 blanket 
 
 steam heat - 
 
 - fr3dng-pan 
 
 spring 
 
 radiator — 
 
 - funnel 
 
 mattress 
 
 electricity 
 
 tray 
 
 — pillow 
 
 74 
 
-bureau pot pillow-case 
 
 table cork-screw spread 
 
 -carpet boiler sheet 
 
 'rug , lace curtains quilt 
 
 RENTING A ROOM, A HOUSE. 
 
 To let. Tenement to let. 
 
 To rent. Flat to rent. 
 
 To hire. Apartment to let. 
 
 To lease. Furnished rooms to let. 
 
 To let, a suite of four furnished rooms. 
 Electric lights, heat, bath, and use of telephone. 
 
 To let, tenement of five rooms, with all modern 
 improvements, pantry, bath, hardwoo(i floors, 
 hot water, electric lights, gas. 
 
 Will you please tell me where I can find the 
 janitor? 
 
 Yes, he lives upstairs on the second floor. , 
 His name is Mr. Cook. 
 
 Good afternoon. Is this Mr. Cook? 
 
 Yes, this is Mr. Cook. 
 
 I read in to-day's paper that you have some 
 furnished rooms to rent. May I see them? 
 
 Yes, come right in. This is one of the rooms. 
 We charge for this two and a half dollars a 
 week. It is a front room and well ftirnished. 
 Let me show you the other room. This is one 
 dollar and seventy-five cents a week. It isn't a 
 front room, but you get the sun all the after- 
 noon, and you have just as many conveniences 
 as in the other room. 
 
 How is the room heated? 
 
 75 
 
There is no steam heat on this floor, but you 
 can heat the room with gas. 
 
 Have you any rooms to let on the first floor? 
 
 Yes, I have one, but I am afraid the rent will 
 be too high for you. 
 
 Will you please let me. see the room on the 
 first floor? 
 
 Come, we will go downstairs to see it. This 
 is the room. The rent is three dollars and 
 •twenty-five cents a week, but you have the use 
 of the parlor. You can receive visitors in the 
 parlor. You have the use of the piano and of 
 the telephone. Here is a closet for your clothes. 
 
 How is the room lighted? 
 
 It is lighted with electricity, and is heated with 
 steam heat. Do you think you can afford to 
 pay three dollars and twenty-five cents for your 
 room? The room is large enough for two. If 
 you can- get one of your friends to room with 
 you, the rent will not be so high. 
 
 How much do you charge when two persons 
 have the room? 
 
 The rent for two is four dollars. 
 
 If I can find some one else to room with me, 
 I will have this room, but if I can't find any- 
 body, I am afraid I shall have to look around 
 for another room. 
 
 Wotold you like to have a room on the third 
 floor? I have one room that you can have for 
 one dollar and twenty-flve cents. It isn't a very 
 large room, but it is pleasant and comfortable. 
 
 Let me see the room, please. 
 
 Here it is. It is not fixed yet, but I shall 
 
 76 
 
have it ready by this afternoon. I have to 
 bring in the furniture from downstairs. There 
 are no electric lights in this room. You have to 
 use a lamp. You heat the room with gas. 
 
 Can you give me a double bed? I cannot 
 sleep in a single bed. 
 
 I haven't any other bed now, but if you wait 
 a day or two, I can give you a double one. 
 
 I would like to have one more pillow, a bureau, 
 two window-shades, and a blanket. 
 
 Very well, I will have them ready this after- 
 noon. Here is the key to the room. This key 
 here opens the front door downstairs. 
 
 Shall I pay the rent now? 
 
 Yes, please. I like to have the rent paid in 
 advance. Thank you. May I know what 
 your name is? 
 
 My name is George Brett. I work in the 
 Olivet shoe-factory. 
 
 Good morning, George. I want to rent a 
 house, and I don't know where to look for it. 
 Do you know of anyone who wants to let a 
 house? 
 
 Do you want to rent a whole house, or a floor? 
 
 Well, I don't know yet. I would like to rent 
 a whole house if I can, but, of course, I may have 
 to rent a flat. 
 
 I don't know of anyone who wants to rent a 
 house now, but .we can look in to-day's paper 
 and see if we can find one. Sometimes you find 
 a good house through the paper. Here is the 
 advertisement page. To let. Here is a tene- 
 ment of five rooms on Chapel Street. Another 
 
 ■77 
 
one of fotir rooms on Spring Street. There is 
 another tenement of seven rooms on Spruce 
 Street. Do you like any one of these? The 
 tenement on Spring Street ought to be a good one. 
 I don't like that. It is too small. We are a 
 family of six, and need a large house. The tene- 
 ment on Spruce Street may be a good one. I 
 like the location, too. I will go and see it. Good- 
 bye, George. Thank you for your help. 
 
 Is this the landlady? 
 
 Yes, this is Mrs. Brown, the landlady. 
 
 I saw in the paper that you wish to rent a 
 tenement in this house. 
 
 Yes, I have a tenement here. Come right in, 
 and let us go up and see it. There are seven 
 rooms in all, a dining-room, a parlor, three bed- 
 rooms, a bath-room and a kitchen. You have 
 all the conveniences here. Electric lights, steam 
 heat, hot water, hardwood floors, bath, window- 
 shades, a large shed in the yard, and you can 
 use part of the cellar if you wish. Every room 
 is clean, free of bedbugs, and well lighted. 
 
 How much do you charge for rent? 
 
 The rent is eighteen dollars a month. 
 
 Very well, Mrs. Brown. This tenement suits 
 me. When can I move in? 
 
 You can move any time to-morrow. The 
 rooms will be ready this afternoon. 
 
 What is the arrangement abput the rent? 
 
 The rent must be paid in advance on the 
 first day of every month. You can pay now or 
 you may pay when you move in to-morrow. 
 
 I have not enough money with me to pay you 
 to-day, but I will pay you to-morrow. 
 
 78 
 

 LESSON XL 
 
 
 TRADES. 
 
 actor 
 
 manager 
 
 agent 
 
 — , mason 
 
 author 
 
 mechanic 
 
 baker 
 
 merchant 
 
 banker 
 
 "-"^milliner 
 
 barber 
 
 minister 
 
 blacksmith 
 
 motor-man 
 
 — brakeman 
 
 musician 
 
 business-man 
 
 '-"'^oculist 
 
 butcher 
 
 painter 
 
 carpenter 
 
 ,, — 'peddler 
 
 clerk 
 
 photographer 
 
 commissioner 
 
 physician 
 
 conductor 
 
 porter 
 
 cook 
 
 postman 
 
 dentist 
 
 postmaster 
 
 doctor 
 
 priest 
 
 dress-maker 
 
 printer 
 
 driver 
 
 professor 
 
 druggist 
 
 publisher 
 
 . editor 
 
 sailor 
 
 engineer 
 
 servant 
 
 farmer 
 
 shoemaker 
 
 florist 
 
 soldier 
 
 fruit-dealer 
 
 stenographer 
 
 grocer 
 
 stone-cutter 
 
 head-waiter 
 
 student 
 
 hotel-keeper 
 
 superintendent 
 
 instructor 
 
 surgeon 
 
 interpreter 
 
 tailor 
 
 79. 
 
janitor teacher 
 
 jeweler typewriter 
 
 lawyer watchmaker 
 
 letter-carrier weaver 
 
 mail-man workman 
 
 THE EMPLOYMENT BUREAU. 
 
 .Good morning, sir. I am out of work, and I 
 wish to find something to do. What positions 
 do you have to-day? 
 
 What can you do? What did you do before? 
 What kind of work do you want? 
 
 I don't care what it is. I have been without 
 work for about a month, and I must find some- 
 thing now. 
 
 Where were you employed before? 
 
 I worked in a hotel as a waiter, and as a head- . 
 waiter also. 
 
 Why did you leave your job? 
 
 I left it because I wanted more money. 
 
 Fill this application here, and come back to- 
 morrow morning. I believe I can give you a 
 position to-morrow. 
 
 Thank you, sir. Good day. 
 
 Are you the man that was here yesterday 
 afternoon? 
 
 Yes, sir. You told me to come back to-day. 
 
 Come over to the desk. Sit down. What is 
 your name? 
 
 My name is James Miller. 
 
 They need a waiter in a country hotel. Can 
 you go? 
 
 Yes, sir. I can go anywhere. 
 
 . 80 
 
Take this letter with you, and give it to the 
 manager of the hotel. Your salary will be 
 twenty-five dollars a month. Of course there 
 is a chance for you to make some tips, too. 
 
 What is the fee for this position? 
 
 The fee is two dollars. If you lose your job 
 in two days, half of the money will be given 
 back to you. 
 
 What kind of work are you looking for? 
 
 Can you tell me what kind of work you have? 
 
 I need some farm laborers. Do you want to 
 work on a farm? 
 
 Yes, I do. What is the pay. 
 
 The pay is twenty-eight dollars a month, 
 your board, room and washing. Here are some 
 other kinds of work. Railroad work. One 
 dollar and fifty cents per day. The Company 
 provides for sleeping quarters. 
 
 How far is it from here? 
 
 It is near Chicago. The Company will pay 
 your fare, and your return fare also. If you 
 don't like the work, you can come back. 
 
 Do you have anything else? 
 
 Yes, here is another kind of work. I can give 
 you a job in a coal mine in Pennsylvania. The 
 pay is one dollar and seventy-five cents. Do 
 you want to go to a lunjber camp? It isn't far 
 from here. You can come to the city every 
 Saturday to see your friends. The work is not 
 very hard. You get two dollars a day and your 
 room. The board is very cheap up there. You 
 don't have to spend any extra money. Are you 
 a Union man? 
 
 81 
 
Yes, I belong to the Union. 
 
 Do you want to sign the contract? There is 
 another group of laborers who leave next Mon- 
 day. If you want to go, you have time enough 
 to get ready and go with them. 
 
 I don't know what to do. I will think it 
 over. I will talk over the matter with my family, 
 and I wUl let you know by to-morrow afternoon. 
 Will that be all right? 
 
 Yes. Please let me know as soon as you can. 
 
 LESSON XLI 
 
 THE RESTAURANT VOCABULARY. 
 
 
 TABLE UTENSILS. 
 
 table 
 
 cork-screw 
 
 chair 
 
 pitcher 
 
 table-cloth 
 
 bowl 
 
 napkin 
 
 bottle 
 
 fork 
 
 tea-pot 
 
 spoon 
 
 coffee-pot 
 
 tea-spoon 
 
 ' catsup 
 
 soup-spoon 
 
 mustard 
 
 knife 
 
 salt 
 
 cup 
 
 pepper 
 
 plate 
 
 salt-cellar 
 
 dish 
 
 ^_^ pepper-caster 
 
 saucer 
 
 glass 
 
 water 
 
 bill of fare 
 
 vinegar 
 
 menu 
 
 platter 
 
 tray 
 
 82 
 

 BREAKFAST. 
 
 oatmeal 
 
 cakes . 
 
 corn-flakes 
 
 ^^^ritters 
 
 grape-nuts 
 
 liver 
 
 shredded wheat 
 
 bacon 
 
 rolls 
 
 meat hash 
 
 biscuits 
 
 pork chops 
 
 crackers 
 
 sausage 
 
 milk 
 
 cream toast 
 
 doughnuts 
 
 fried eggs 
 
 coffee 
 
 boiled eggs 
 
 tea 
 
 scrambled eggs 
 
 cocoa 
 
 _,^- dropped eggs 
 
 griddle cakes 
 
 omelet 
 
 dry toast 
 
 plain omelet 
 
 buttered toast 
 
 steak 
 
 
 small steak 
 
 
 DINNER. 
 
 Soups 
 
 Sandwiches 
 
 rice soup 
 
 egg sandwich 
 
 tomato soup 
 
 chicken sandwich 
 
 chicken soup 
 
 cheese sandwich 
 
 broth 
 
 ham sandwich 
 
 vegetable soup 
 
 ^minced ham sandwich 
 
 pea soup 
 
 roast beef sandwich 
 
 macaroni soup 
 
 sardine sandwich 
 
 clam chowder 
 
 
 fish chowder 
 
 
 corn chowder 
 
 * 
 
 83 
 
MEATS, STEAKS, CHOPS AND FISH. 
 
 —sirloin stea,k 
 
 kidneys 
 
 large sirloin steak 
 
 baked beans 
 
 small sirloin steak 
 
 frankftirters 
 
 boiled beef 
 
 sausage 
 
 beefsteak 
 
 bologna sausage 
 
 --43eef-stew 
 
 fricasseed lamb 
 
 roast beef 
 
 chicken 
 
 corned beef 
 
 chicken dinner 
 
 lamb chops 
 
 turkey 
 
 leg of lamb 
 
 ^ fried tripe 
 
 roast lamb 
 
 codfish 
 
 roast mutton ^ 
 
 ^ mackerel 
 
 mutton chops ^^ 
 
 -—halibut 
 
 / roast veal 
 
 salmon 
 
 pork chops 
 
 fish cakes 
 
 roast pork 
 
 meat hash 
 
 bacon 
 
 trout 
 
 boiled ham 
 
 fried oysters 
 
 fried ham 
 
 clam stew 
 
 bacon and eggs 
 
 oyster stew 
 
 ham and eggs 
 
 fried oysters 
 
 hamburger steak 
 
 raw oysters 
 
 minced meat 
 
 salad 
 
 minced meat on toast 
 
 /gravy 
 
 liver 
 
 / dressing 
 
 VEGETABLES. 
 
 French fried potatoes 
 
 olives 
 
 mashed potatoes ' 
 
 squash 
 
 boiled potatoes 
 
 beets 
 
 baked potatoes 
 
 turnips 
 
 Lyonnaise potatoes 
 
 cucumber 
 
 84 
 
green peas 
 string beans 
 tomatoes 
 com 
 -lettuce 
 
 cake 
 pie 
 
 cream cake 
 apple pie 
 cream pie 
 mince pie 
 raisin pie 
 squash pie 
 pumpkin pie 
 custard pie 
 chocolate pie 
 cocoanut pie^ 
 
 cauliflower 
 
 onion 
 
 cabbage 
 
 radish 
 
 celery 
 
 PIES AND FRUITS. 
 
 lemon pie 
 orange pie 
 cherty pie 
 pineapple pie 
 strawberry pie 
 blueberry pie 
 blackberry pie 
 pudding 
 jelly 
 banana 
 orange 
 walnut 
 
 apple 
 pear 
 peach 
 grape 
 grape fruit 
 water-melon 
 x;antaloupe 
 plum 
 
 strawberry- 
 pineapple 
 date 
 nut 
 
 IN THE RESTAURANT. 
 
 I am hungry. I haven't had my breakfast 
 yet. I must eat something. 
 
 Where do you take your breakfast? 
 
 I -take my breakfast at the City restaurant. 
 
 Come with me. Let us have breakfast 
 together. 
 
 Have you given your order? 
 
 No, I have not. Let me have some oatmeal and 
 cream, a cup of coffee, hot rolls, and two fried eggs. 
 
 What will you have? 
 
 I would like to have an order, of pork chops, 
 a cup of black tea, an ord€r of griddle cakes, 
 and some doughnuts. 
 
 85 
 
Is there anything else you wish to have? 
 No, thank you, unless the other gentleman 
 wishes to have something else. 
 
 No, thank you, I have had enough. 
 
 Has anybody taken your order? 
 
 No. Give me some milk and crackers, an 
 order of buttered toast, and a cup of coffee. 
 
 Waiter, bring me a .glass of water and a tea- 
 spoon, please. 
 
 What time is it? 
 
 It is almost time for dinner. Do you want to 
 have your dinner with me? 
 
 Certainly. I will be with you in five minutes. 
 
 I am ready. Where shall we go? 
 
 Where do you take your dinner? 
 
 I usually go to the Dairy Lvmch. They serve 
 good food' there, and the prices are low, too. 
 
 Let us go there, then. 
 
 Waiter, hand me a bill of fare, please. Do 
 you serve a special dinner to-day? 
 
 Yes, we do. Here is the special dinner, 
 chicken soup, roast chicken, green peas, coffee 
 or tea, pie and pudding. 
 
 I don't think I will have the special dinner. 
 Let me have some vegetable soup, an order of 
 roast beef, baked potatoes, a side of beans, and 
 a cup of coffee. 
 
 What wiU you have? 
 
 I will have some tomato soup, an order of 
 roast lamb, boiled potatoes, and a cup of tea. 
 Bring me some crackers with the soup, too. 
 
 86 
 
This meat is too tough. Will you bring me 
 a tender piece of meat? 
 
 What will you have for dessert? 
 
 Have you any raisin pie this noon? 
 
 We have no raisin pie to-day. We have apple^ 
 chocolate, lemon, orange, custard, cherry, and 
 squash. 
 
 I will have a piece of lemon pie. 
 
 Will you have the same kind of pie? 
 
 No, I will have apple, and a glass of milk. 
 
 This milk is sour. I would like to have it 
 changed. 
 
 Do you serve any fruit here? 
 
 Yes, Sir, we have all kinds of fruits. You will 
 find a list of them on the bill of fare. 
 
 Let me have an orange and two bananas. 
 What will you have, George? 
 
 I will have some grapes. 
 
 Do you serve any drinks here? 
 
 No, Sir, we serve no drinks here. Do you wish 
 to have anything else? 
 
 Do you put up lunches to take out? 
 
 Yes, we do. What will you have? 
 
 I would like to have two egg sandwiches, 
 some buttered toast, and a piece of apple pie. 
 
 How much is it for the two of us? 
 
 One dollar and thirty-five cents,' with the 
 lunch. Please pay to the cashier. 
 
 Good-bye, George. I shall see you to-night 
 at supper. 
 
 What time do you take your supper? 
 
 I take my supper at half past six. 
 
 87 
 

 LESSON XLII 
 
 THE CLOTHING STORE AND THE DE 
 
 
 MENT STORE. 
 
 
 VOCABULARY. 
 
 suit 
 
 pocket-book 
 
 cloth 
 
 towel 
 
 clothes 
 
 napkin 
 
 tailor 
 
 umbrella 
 
 order 
 
 parasol 
 
 overcoat 
 
 dark color 
 
 coat 
 
 light color 
 
 trousers 
 
 black 
 
 pants 
 
 white 
 
 vest 
 
 red 
 
 raincoat 
 
 brown 
 
 hat 
 
 green 
 
 cap 
 
 gray 
 
 shirt 
 
 purple 
 
 collar 
 
 orange 
 
 underwear 
 
 yellow 
 
 drawers 
 
 blue 
 
 stockings 
 
 shirt-front 
 
 garters 
 
 dress 
 
 apron 
 
 sheet 
 
 button 
 
 pillow 
 
 button-hole 
 
 pillow-case 
 
 collar-button 
 
 curtain 
 
 cuff-button 
 
 mark-down sale 
 
 belt 
 
 clearance sale 
 
 gloves 
 
 traveling-bag 
 
 sleeve 
 
 suit-case 
 
 88 
 
lining 
 
 shawl 
 
 han&erchief 
 
 muff 
 
 neck-tie 
 
 sweater 
 
 suspenders 
 
 night-shirt 
 
 pocket 
 
 rubber-coat 
 
 union suit 
 
 short 
 
 jacket 
 
 long 
 
 cotton 
 
 wide 
 
 wool 
 
 tight 
 
 silk 
 
 narrow 
 
 linen 
 
 thick 
 
 velvet 
 
 thin 
 
 purse 
 
 light 
 
 
 heavy 
 
 IN THE CLOTHING STORE. 
 
 We buy our clothes from the clothing store. 
 
 I always buy. ready-made suits. You can buy 
 them cheaper. 
 
 Perhaps you are right, but I never liked a 
 ready-made suit. I always have a suit made 
 to order. You pay a little more for suits made 
 to order, but they fit you better, and last longer. 
 They are made carefully, and the lining is better. 
 I had a suit made to order three years ago, and 
 I have it yet. No ready-made suits for me. 
 
 I like a suit made to order, myself, but I 
 can't spare the money now. I think I shall 
 buy a ready-made suit. Where do you buy 
 your clothes? 
 
 I buy them from the Department Store. It 
 is a reliable place, and they treat you well. If 
 there is something the matter with your clothes, 
 
 89 
 
you can take them back and have them changed 
 or altered. 
 
 Do you know anybody in the Department 
 Store? 
 
 Yes, I know the clerk in the Clothing Depart- 
 ment. 
 
 Let us go up together and buy a suit. 
 
 Let us go. 
 
 I want to buy a stiit of clothes. 
 
 What kind of suit do you wish to have? 
 Light, dark, a summer or a winter suit? 
 
 I want a blue suit for the summer. I don't 
 want it very heavy. 
 
 We have quite a variety of blue suits here. 
 Let me show you some of them. Here is a suit 
 that is very popular this season. 
 
 I don't like the color of it. I like a very dark 
 blue suit. 
 
 Here is a darker color. Try it on, and let us 
 see how it fits you. 
 
 The cloth is too thick. I want it a little 
 lighter. 
 
 How much do you want to pay for your suit? 
 
 About eighteen dollars. 
 
 Here is a good sviit that you can have for 
 twenty-one dollars. Its regular price is twenty- 
 five doUars. 
 
 I like the color of that. Let me see how it 
 fits me. 
 
 Take off your coat and vest. 
 
 The coat is a little too long. The sleeves are 
 too wide. 
 
 90 
 
We can alter the coat. It wouldn't cost you 
 anything. It is a good suit. It fits you well on 
 the back. 
 
 Let me see the pants of" this suit. Shall I 
 try them on, or will you take the measure? 
 
 You had better try them on. 
 
 The trousers are long and tight. 
 
 How long do you want them? Do you want 
 them with ctiifs? 
 
 Yes, I'll have cuffs on them. 
 
 How wide do you want the cttffs? 
 
 About three inches. 
 
 Do you wear a belt all the time? 
 
 No, I use suspenders most of the time. 
 
 Do you think you like this suit? 
 
 I think so. I don't know how good the stuff is. 
 
 The stvtff is guaranteed. If it loses its color, 
 bring it back and we'll change it for you. 
 
 When will you have it ready? 
 
 It will be ready this afternoon at three. Will 
 you call for it, or shall we send it to you? 
 
 I will call for it this afternoon. 
 
 Is there anything else you wish to have? 
 
 I would like to have two shirts and four collars. 
 
 What size shirt dp you wear? 
 
 Fifteen, 
 
 Do you want something white? 
 
 Yes, I want it plain white. 
 ' What kind of collar do you want? 
 
 Quite high, and closed in frotit. 
 
 What size collar do you wear? 
 
 Fifteen and a half. I also want a hat. 
 
 Do you like a derby, a soft hat, a cap, or a 
 straw hat? 
 
 91 
 
I would like to have a derby. 
 
 Here is a hat that is used very much this 
 season. 
 
 I don't like this hat. The brim is too wide. 
 
 Here is another one, with a narrow brim. 
 
 I like this better. What size is it? 
 
 Six and seven-eighths. 
 
 What is the price of this hat? 
 
 Two dollars. 
 
 Put this with my stiit, and I'll caU for it this 
 afternoon. 
 
 Is there anything else you wish to have? 
 
 No, nothing for the present. 
 
 Probably your friend wants something. 
 
 I would like to have a suit made to order. 
 Have you any good cloth to show me? 
 
 Yes, we have all kinds of new patterns. They 
 came in this morning. You are the first one to 
 look them 'Over. Here is a cloth that will make 
 a good spring suit. It is of light color, and light 
 in weight. 
 
 Do you have something darker than this? 
 
 Here are some other colors. Here is a brown 
 cloth, and here is a grey. 
 
 I don't like the brown. It is too thick. I 
 want something lighter. I like this grey cloth 
 pretty well. Take my measure. I think I'll 
 have a stiit made of this stuff. How much will 
 it cost, coat, vest and pants? 
 
 Twenty-five dollars. 
 
 I don't want the trousers too long. 
 
 How wide would you like to have your 
 trousers? 
 
 92 
 
I don't want them very narrow. Make them 
 the same width as those I have on. 
 
 How long do you want your coat? 
 
 About one inch shorter than the one I have on. 
 
 How many buttons will you have on your 
 coat? 
 
 Three. 
 
 What kind of lining do you wish to have in 
 your coat? Here are two colors, a brown and 
 a grey. 
 
 I think the grey goes belter with the grey 
 cloth. 
 
 Yes, sir, we'll use the grey lining. 
 
 How much money do you want for deposit? 
 
 Five dollars. 
 
 When will you have the suit ready? 
 
 It will be ready two weeks from to-day. 
 Come in a week from to-morrow to try the coat 
 on. Is there something else you wotild like to 
 have? 
 
 I would like to have a half dozen handker- 
 chiefs, a pair of garters, a necktie, a pair of 
 stockings, and two towels. Put them all to- 
 gether in one bundle. 
 
 Good-bye. Be stire and come in a week from 
 to-morrow to try the coat on. 
 
 93 
 
LESSON XLIII 
 
 THE shoe' STORE. 
 
 shoe-store 
 
 shoe-polish 
 
 shoe 
 
 shoe-lace 
 
 boots 
 
 shoe-string 
 
 high 
 
 niunber 
 
 low 
 
 size 
 
 leather 
 
 stretch 
 
 tan 
 
 pointed 
 
 black 
 
 button-shoe 
 
 red 
 
 lace-shoe 
 
 shoe-horn 
 
 patent-leather 
 
 button-hook 
 
 rubbers 
 
 soles 
 
 slippers 
 
 heel 
 
 pair 
 
 nail 
 
 tight 
 
 repair 
 
 last 
 
 shoe-blacking 
 
 shine 
 
 
 shoe brush 
 
 IN THE SHOE STORE. 
 
 Where is there a good 
 They sell good 
 
 I need a pair of shoes, 
 shoe-store, John? 
 
 There is one on this corner, 
 shoes there at a low price. 
 
 Thank you, John. I am going there right 
 now. 
 
 Good morning, sir. I would like to have a 
 pair of shoes. 
 
 What kind of shoes would you like to have? 
 
 Let me see some black high shoes. 
 
 94 
 
Button shoes, or lace shoes? 
 
 Button shoes. 
 
 What number do you wear? 
 
 Seven and a half. 
 
 Here is a shoe that is very comfortable. 
 
 I don't like the shape of that shoe. It is too 
 pointed. 
 
 Let me show you some other kinds. Here is 
 a shoe that isn't pointed. Try it on, and see 
 how it fits you. 
 
 They are too small. I can't put them on. 
 Give me another pair, half a size larger. 
 
 These are seven and a half. Try them on. 
 
 I can't wear them. They are too tight. I 
 am afraid they'll bother me. 
 
 Don't be afraid. These shoes will stretch 
 after you wear them for a while. 
 
 I have a corn on my toe. I don't want to 
 take any chances. 
 
 We have all kinds of shoes here. We ought 
 to find a pair that will fit you. Would you like 
 a pair of low shoes? They are good shoes for 
 the summer. 
 
 I don't like low shoes. Let me see a pair of 
 high lace shoes. 
 
 Black, or tan? 
 
 Black. 
 
 Do you want them with high or low heels? . 
 
 With -very low heels, if you have them. 
 
 Try this pair on. How does it fit you? 
 
 It fits me just right. I'll have this pair. 
 What is the price? 
 
 The price of this pair is four dollars. 
 
 95 
 
Do you keep patent leather shoes here? 
 
 Yes, we do. 
 
 Let me see a pair of them, please. 
 
 Here is a pair of shoes that we guarantee. If 
 they are cracked within four months, bring them 
 back, and we will change them for you. 
 
 What nurhber are they? 
 
 These are seven and a half. Put them on. 
 
 What is the price of these shoes? 
 
 The price of these is six dollars. They are 
 shoes of high quality. We give you a pair of 
 silk shoe strings with them, too. 
 
 I'll have this pair, also. 
 
 Do you want them in a box? 
 
 Do you do any repairing here? 
 
 Yes, we do all kinds of repairing here. 
 
 Then I'll wear that pair, and leave my old 
 shoes to be rejiaired. I want soles put on. 
 
 Do you want the soles sewed on, or nailed on? 
 
 I want them sewed on. Please put rubber 
 heels on. Let me have a shoe-horn and a button- 
 hook, please. How much are they? 
 
 We don't charge anything for them. We give 
 them free. Is there anything else you would 
 like to have? 
 
 I need a pair of slippers. 
 
 Tan, or black. 
 
 Tan. 
 
 Do you want a shoe-brush, or any shoe- 
 blacking? 
 
 Do you have a good shoe-polish? 
 
 Yes, here is a bottle of shoe-polish that keeps 
 the leather clean and Soft. 
 
 96 
 
How much is this? 
 
 
 Twenty-five 
 
 cents. 
 
 
 I also need a 
 
 , pair of rubbers. 
 
 These are seventy-five cents. Those are one 
 
 dollar. 
 
 
 
 I'll have these, here. 
 
 
 
 LESSON XLIV 
 
 THE GROCERY STORE. 
 
 grocer 
 
 
 milk 
 
 market 
 
 
 sardines 
 
 pint 
 
 
 fish 
 
 quart 
 
 
 beans 
 
 gallon 
 
 
 beef 
 
 pound 
 
 
 steak 
 
 inch 
 
 
 veal 
 
 foot 
 
 
 pork 
 
 yard 
 
 
 chops 
 
 ounce 
 
 
 lamb 
 
 weigh 
 
 
 mutton 
 
 measure 
 
 
 leg 
 
 penny 
 
 
 chicken 
 
 cent 
 
 
 turkey 
 
 dime 
 
 
 sausage 
 
 nickel 
 
 
 baker 
 
 quarter 
 
 
 bakery 
 
 dollar 
 
 
 white bread 
 
 can 
 
 
 brown bread 
 
 bag 
 
 
 cake 
 
 bread 
 
 
 pie 
 
 loaf 
 
 
 biscuit 
 
 97 
 
salt 
 
 fresh 
 
 pepper 
 
 stale 
 
 canned tomatoes 
 
 catsup 
 
 sugar 
 
 rice 
 
 coffee 
 
 onions 
 
 tea 
 
 ham 
 
 cocoa 
 
 bacon 
 
 butter 
 
 salmon 
 
 lard 
 
 mustard 
 
 cheese 
 
 crackers 
 
 soap 
 
 condensed milk 
 
 powder 
 
 grease 
 
 flour 
 
 rolls 
 
 vinegar 
 
 doughnuts 
 
 oil 
 
 dry- 
 
 olive-oil 
 
 soft 
 
 kerosene oil 
 
 oysters 
 
 olives 
 
 match 
 
 eggs 
 
 coal 
 
 IN THE GROCERY STORE. 
 
 What are we going to have for supper, John? 
 
 I don't know. There isn't a thing in the 
 house. We must buy something for to-morrow. 
 Telephone to the grocer to send us half a dozen 
 eggs, a can of tomatoes, and a loaf of breaid. 
 We'll fry some eggs for supper. Later I am 
 going out to buy something for to-morrow. 
 
 You had better go now, because the store 
 closes at six. 
 
 I am goin g as soon as I get ready. The store 
 does not close at six to-night. To-morrow is 
 Sunday. 
 
 What do you have for meats to-day? 
 
 98 
 
Here is our special list for to-day: 
 
 Leg of lamb 22c lb. 
 
 Lamb chops 16c lb. 
 
 Native fowl 25c lb. 
 
 Veal roasts 17c lb- 
 
 Beef to roast 22c lb. 
 
 Corned beef 15c lb. 
 
 Hamburg steak 17c lb. 
 
 Pig sausage 18c lb. 
 
 Boiled ham 35c lb. 
 
 Sirloin steak 35c lb. 
 
 Native pork roast 20c lb. 
 
 Fores of spring lamb ..16c lb. 
 
 Lamb, stew 10c lb. 
 
 Bean pork lie lb. 
 
 Sliced bacon. 15c lb. 
 
 I'll have a pound of corned beef, and half a 
 pound of boiled ham. Do you keep fresh eggs 
 here? 
 
 Yes, we do. They are strictly fresh. 
 
 How much are they a dozen? 
 
 Twenty-six cents a dozen. 
 
 I also want some fish. 
 
 We have fresh mackerel, halibut, and salmon. 
 
 How much are they a pound? 
 
 Salmon fifteen cents a pound; mackerel eight 
 cents a pound, and halibut thirteen cents a 
 potmd. 
 
 Let me have a pound of mackerel, a pound of 
 cheese, half a pound of butter, four pounds of 
 rice, and one can of pork and beans. 
 
 Is there anything ^Ise you wish to have? 
 
 99 
 
I would like to buy many other things, but 
 I can't carry them home. 
 
 You buy what you want, and we'll put them 
 in a basket and send them to you before we 
 close to-night. 
 
 Let me ha,ve three pounds of sugar, two boxes 
 of matches, one pound of tea, one pound of 
 coflEee, two cans of condensed milk, one package 
 of com starch, half a poimd of lard, a bag of 
 fiotir, two loaves of bread, one gallon of kerosene 
 oil, and three bars of soap. 
 
 To what address shall I send them? 
 
 Send them to 42 Court Street. 
 
 What kind of pies do you have? 
 
 We have apple, cream, mince, raisin, squash, 
 custard, chocolate, lemon, orange, cherry, pine- 
 apple, strawberry, and blueberry. 
 
 100 
 
LESSON XLV 
 
 THE FRUIT STORE AND THE CONFECTION- 
 ERY STORE. 
 
 soda ice-cream can 
 
 .dy choc( 
 
 
 Fruits and Vegetables. 
 
 fresh 
 
 turnips 
 
 mushrooms 
 
 ripe 
 
 pumpkins 
 
 pepper 
 
 green 
 
 squash 
 
 wheat 
 
 rotten 
 
 onions 
 
 corn 
 
 fruit-dealer 
 
 lettuce 
 
 grain 
 
 vegetables 
 
 tomatoes 
 
 peas 
 
 apple 
 
 cucumber 
 
 raisins 
 
 banana 
 
 celery- 
 
 currants 
 
 melon 
 
 cauliflower 
 
 asparagus 
 
 cranberries 
 
 cabbage 
 
 prunes 
 
 grapes 
 
 string beans 
 
 raspberries 
 
 grape-fruit 
 
 beans 
 
 cherry 
 
 lemon 
 
 potatoes 
 
 apricot 
 
 orange 
 
 chestnut 
 
 olive 
 
 pineapple 
 
 walnuts 
 
 mulberries 
 
 strawberries 
 
 almonds 
 
 pear 
 
 figs 
 
 beets 
 
 plum 
 
 dates 
 
 carrots 
 
 egg-plant 
 
 nuts 
 
 spinach 
 
 garlic 
 
 peanuts 
 
 radishes 
 
 peaches 
 
 watermelon 
 
 parsley 
 
 
 What do you have for vegetables to-day? 
 We have lettuce, squash, spinach, carrots, 
 beets, string beans, tomatoes, and turnips. 
 Are the tomatoes fresh? 
 
 101 
 
All these vegetables came in this morning. 
 They are all fresh. 
 
 How much do you ask for the tomatoes? 
 
 Ten cents a quart. 
 
 Let me have two quarts. Don't give me 
 those green ones. I want to use them right 
 away. How much do you ask for the lettuce? 
 
 Five cents a bunch. 
 
 I'U have three bunches. 
 
 Do you wish for any fruit to-day? 
 
 Do you have anything that is fresh? 
 
 Our peaches are ripe and fresh. 
 
 I don't think I'll have any peaches this morn- 
 ing. They are not good at this season. 
 
 Would you like some bananas? 
 
 How much are they? 
 
 These are fifteen cents a dozen. Those are 
 twenty cents a dozen. 
 
 I'll have half a dozen of the twenty-cent ones. 
 
 We have some good watermelons to-day. 
 They are sweet and large. 
 
 How do you sell them? 
 
 We sell them for fifty cents each. I'll put 
 one in the ice-box if you wish. 
 
 Let me have that one there. 
 
 Will you take them with you, or shall I send 
 them to the house? 
 
 I'U take the tomatoes and the lettuce with 
 me. You can send the others with the water- 
 melon about eleven o'clock. 
 
 Are the peanuts hot? 
 Yes, they are. 
 
 Give me one pint. How do you seU your 
 oranges? 
 
 102 
 
We have different kinds of oranges. Twenty- 
 five, thirty-five, fifty, and sixty cents a dozen. 
 They are large and juicy. 
 
 I'll have one dozen of the fifty cent ones. 
 Do you keep any lemons here? 
 
 Yes, we do. Three for ten cents, and five 
 cents apiece. 
 
 Let me have three for ten cents. Do you sell 
 bananas by the bunch? I need them for the 
 picnic to-morrow. 
 
 How many bunches do you want? 
 
 Four bunches. 
 
 I can sell you four bunches for eleven dollars. 
 
 Do you sell candy here? 
 
 Yes. This is a confectionery and fruit store. 
 We keep candy, chewing-gums, ice-creams, 
 sodas, cigars, and cigarettes. 
 
 How do you sell your chocolates? 
 
 Do you want them in boxes, or by the pound? 
 
 How much are these a pound? 
 
 These are thirty cents a pound. 
 
 Give me half a pound of these, and half a 
 pound of those. What drinks do you have? 
 
 Ice-cream sodas of all flavors, pineapple, 
 lemon, orange, ginger ale, strawberry, coffee, 
 coca cola, chocolate, grape, peach, and cherry. 
 
 I'll have a lemon ice-cream soda. 
 
 What will you have? 
 
 I'll have a plate of ice-cream with strawberries 
 on it. 
 
 Is there anything else you wish to have? 
 
 I want a pound of assorted chocolates, a 
 quart of ice-cream, a pound of figs, and half a 
 pound of salted peanuts. 
 
 103 
 

 LESSON XLVI 
 
 
 THE BARBER SHOP.. 
 
 back 
 
 mustache 
 
 bald 
 
 part 
 
 barber 
 
 , powder 
 
 bay rum 
 
 razor 
 
 beard 
 
 round 
 
 blade 
 
 safety razor 
 
 brush 
 
 scalp 
 
 close shave 
 
 scissors 
 
 cold cream 
 
 shampoo 
 
 comb 
 
 sharpen 
 
 cut 
 
 shave 
 
 dry- 
 
 shaving brush 
 
 dull 
 
 shaving cup 
 
 hair 
 
 shaving soap 
 
 hair brush 
 
 side 
 
 hair cut 
 
 short 
 
 hone 
 
 straight 
 
 lather 
 
 strap 
 
 long 
 
 top 
 
 looking glass 
 
 towel 
 
 massage 
 
 trim 
 
 mirror 
 
 wash 
 
 wet 
 
 
 
 THE BARBER SHOP. 
 
 I want to have my hair cut. 
 
 Yes, sir. How do you want it? 
 
 I want it short on the sides and on the back. 
 Don't touch it on the top. Please don't cut it 
 too short on the sides. 
 
 104 
 
Do you shave yotir neck? 
 
 No, I don't. Cut my hair straight down with 
 the machine as close as you can. 
 
 Look in the mirror and see how you Uke it 
 now. 
 
 Take off a little from the top. It is a little 
 too long. I have my hair trimmed every week. 
 
 Wet or dry? 
 
 I want my hair wet. 
 
 How do you part yotir hair? 
 
 I comb my hair in the middle. 
 
 Would you like to have a shampoo? 
 
 No, I have no time for a shampoo.' I must 
 go to work at one o'clock. 
 
 I have twenty minutes more. Give me a 
 shave. 
 
 Do you want a close shave? 
 
 Yes, as close as you can. I am going to a 
 party to-night, and I want to look clean. Please 
 put some bay rum and powder on my face. 
 
 I also wish to have a massage. What kind 
 of cold cream do you use? 
 
 We have many kinds. Which one do you 
 want? 
 
 Use any one. I don't care. 
 
 Anything else you wish to have? Do you 
 want your hair washed? 
 
 No, I have no time for that. I am five 
 minutes late now. I must go to work. How 
 much is it? 
 
 Fifty' cents. Thank you. Next! 
 
 By the way, my razor is dull, and I would 
 like to have it honed. Could you sharpen it 
 forme? 
 
 105 
 
Yes, sir. I will have it ready for you by to- 
 morrow noon. You can drop in and get it any 
 time after twelve o'clock. 
 
 Do you sell any razor straps here? 
 
 No, we sell shaving brushes, shaving cups, 
 and shaving soap, but not razor straps. You 
 can get one in a drug store. 
 
 Thank you. Good day. 
 
 LESSON XLVII 
 
 THE POST OFFICE. 
 
 address 
 
 package 
 
 application 
 
 parcel 
 
 blank fonu 
 
 parcel post 
 
 box 
 
 peimy stamp 
 
 cash 
 
 please forward 
 
 deliver 
 
 postage 
 
 domestic 
 
 postage stamp 
 
 envelope 
 
 postal card 
 
 five-cent stamp 
 
 postman 
 
 foreign 
 
 postmaster 
 
 forward 
 
 prove 
 
 general delivery 
 
 receive 
 
 general post ofl&ce 
 
 receiver 
 
 identify 
 
 receipt 
 
 identity 
 
 register 
 
 information window 
 
 . registered letter 
 
 letter 
 
 registry 
 
 letter box 
 
 remitter 
 
 letter carrier 
 
 rent 
 
 106 
 
mail rent a box 
 mail-man special delivery- 
 money two cent stamp 
 money order United States Mail 
 one cent stamp value 
 weigh 
 
 THE POST OFFICE. 
 
 Will you please tell me where the General 
 Post Office is? 
 
 Yes, sir. It is on Chestnut Street, .between 
 High and Pine Streets. If you want to go by 
 car, the King Street car will take you there in 
 three minutes. 
 
 Thank you, sir. 
 
 Register this letter, please. 
 
 Fifteen cents. Here is your receipt. 
 
 May I have a special delivery stamp, please? 
 
 Here is a special delivery stamp for you. 
 
 Give me a money order blank, please. 
 
 Do you want a domestic money order, or a 
 foreign? 
 
 I want a foreign money order. 
 
 For what country? 
 
 For Russia. 
 
 Here is 'a money order blank written in Rus- 
 sian. Can you read Russian? 
 
 I want a domestic money order blank, too. 
 
 You will find one on the desk. 
 
 What shall I write on it? 
 
 Write your name, the amount of money you 
 are sending, and the name of the person to 
 whom you are sending the money, with his 
 address. 
 
 107 
 
May I have a receipt for this, please? 
 3, here is yotir receipt. 
 
 Has the mailman come yet? 
 
 No, he has not come. He is a little late to-day. 
 
 Oh, here he comes. Ask him if he has a 
 letter for me. 
 
 Any letter for me? 
 
 What is your name? 
 
 My name is John Smith. 
 
 Nothing for you to-day. 
 
 Is there a letter for George Blucken? 
 
 Yes, here is a registered letter for him. Where 
 is he now? 
 
 He is in the house. Do you want me to Call 
 him? 
 
 Yes. He must sign before I give him the 
 letter. 
 
 There is a registered letter for you in the 
 post office. 
 
 Is there a registered letter for J. Brown? 
 
 Yes, there is one, but you must prove your 
 identity before I give you the letter. Do you 
 know anybody in this city who can identify 
 you? 
 
 I don't know anybody. I am a stranger in 
 this city. Here are some old letters addressed 
 to me. You can see my name on the envelope. 
 
 Very well, sir. This will do. Sign your name 
 here. 
 
 I want to change my address. WiU you give 
 me a blank form? Please forward my letters to 
 this address. 
 
 108 
 
Weigh this letter, please. 
 
 Three cents. 
 
 Give me one two-cent stamp. 
 
 Give me three two-cent stamps.. 
 
 Give me one five-cent stamp. 
 
 Give me two one-cent stamps. 
 
 Give me five postal cards. 
 
 Here is a package for you. 
 
 Weigh this parcel, please. 
 
 I want to rent a box for my letters. 
 
 You can get yoiu- letters in a box, or you can 
 get them here at the general delivery window. 
 
 I had better have my letters come to my 
 house. It is too far to go to the post office. 
 
 Mail these letters for me. 
 
 Money order department. 
 
 Registry and stamp department. 
 
 General delivery. 
 
 Vakiable letters and parpels should be sent by 
 registered mail. 
 
 Parcel post packages. 
 
 Postal money order. 
 
 Domestic money order. 
 
 Valuable mail should be registered or insured. 
 
 Receipts showing delivery will be returned to 
 senders of registered mail, if requested at the 
 time of mailing. 
 
 Postmaster's office. 
 
 Postal savings. 
 
 Carrier's delivery. 
 
 109 
 
(Form No. 6001) 
 
 THIRD ASSISTANT POSTMASTER GENERAL 
 DIVISION OF MONEY ORDERS 
 
 No. 
 
 stamp of Isstiini Oflice 
 
 The Postmaster 
 will insert 
 
 DOLLARS 
 
 CENTS 
 
 
 
 here 
 
 the office drawn on, when the office named by 
 
 the reroittCT in the body of this appUcation is not a Money Order Office. 
 
 Spaces above this line are for the Foatmaster's record, to be filled in by him. 
 
 Application for Domestic Money Order 
 
 Amount 
 
 below to IM filled In by purchaser, w, II necessary, 
 by another person for him 
 
 ;. Dollars 
 
 Pay to \ 
 Order of / 
 
 ..Cents 
 
 (Name of person or firm for whom order is intended) 
 
 Whose 
 Address 
 
 3se ] 
 Iress > 
 is J 
 
 No.. 
 
 ..Street 
 
 Post ' 
 Office i 
 
 State.. 
 
 Sent by . 
 
 (Name of Sender) 
 
 Address 1 
 
 of 
 sender J No.. 
 
 ..Street 
 
 PURCHASER MUST SEND ORDER AND COUPON TO PAYEE 
 
 110 
 
LESSON XLVIII 
 
 :legraph and 
 
 TELEPHONE OFFIC 
 
 telegraph 
 
 local 
 
 telegraph office 
 
 long distance 
 
 telegram 
 
 slot 
 
 answer 
 
 nickel 
 
 pay 
 
 dime 
 
 word 
 
 quarter 
 
 desk 
 
 receiver 
 
 count 
 
 mouth-piece 
 
 address 
 
 Central 
 
 messenger 
 
 operator 
 
 sender 
 
 number 
 
 forward 
 
 hook 
 
 deliver 
 
 connect 
 
 blank 
 
 line busy 
 
 dispatch 
 
 Information 
 
 day letter 
 
 out of order 
 
 night letter 
 
 ring 
 
 pay station 
 
 coin 
 
 booth 
 
 drop 
 
 telephone 
 
 hello 
 
 directory 
 
 call 
 
 IN THE TELEGRAUH AND TELEPHONE OF- 
 FICE. 
 
 My brother arrived in New York yesterday. 
 I must send him a telegram to let him know 
 that I am here. Let us go to the telegraph 
 office, John. We'll be back in about half an 
 hour. 
 
 Ill 
 
No, I cannot go. I have to go to the photog- 
 rapher's. I am going to have my picture taken 
 to-day. 
 
 Go there after we come back. 
 
 I must go now, because I have an appoint- 
 ment with the photographer at eleven o'clock. 
 I am sorry I can't go with you. 
 
 Never mind, John. 
 
 I want to send a telegram. 
 
 Here is a telegram form. Write on it what 
 you wish to say. Write in plain English. 
 
 How much do you want for it? 
 
 Count the words. How many words are 
 there? 
 
 There are twenty-two words. 
 
 Fifty cents. 
 
 You pay less for a night letter. 
 
 Write carefully and plainly your address, and 
 the address to which the telegram goes. Write 
 the telegram in plain English. 
 
 A messenger takes the telegram and delivers it. 
 
 Pay for the answer if you are anxious to have 
 one. 
 
 Answer paid. 
 
 TELEGRAM. 
 
 Boston, Mass., Jan. 4, 1914. 
 To John Brown, 
 42 Broadway, 
 
 New York City. 
 Goods arrived. Business rushing. Come at 
 once. G. Sanford, 
 
 22 Spring Street, 
 Boston, Mass. 
 112 
 
In the business sections of a city there are 
 many telephone pay stations from which you 
 can call up any one you wish. 
 
 Look up in the latest directory the telephone 
 number of the person whom you wish to call 
 
 ^P- . . ■ . 
 
 Lift the receiver from the hook, and give the 
 
 number to the operator. Give the numbers one 
 
 by one. 476-6, four-seven-six, ring six. If the 
 
 line is busy, hang up the receiver, and call again 
 
 in a few minutes. 
 
 If you cannot find the telephone number in 
 the directory, caU up the operator, and ask for 
 "Information." 
 
 The person in charge of the "Information" 
 will give you the number. 
 
 When you wish to call up a person who lives 
 outside of the city, call the operator, and ask 
 for "Toll Operator." 
 
 Give the telephone number to the "Toll 
 Operator," and he will open the line for you. 
 
 George, somebody called you on the telephone 
 about half an hotir ago. 
 
 Who was it, do you know? 
 
 I don't know. He left his telephone number. 
 You'U find it on your desk. 
 
 Thank you. I'll call him up right away. 
 
 Central. 
 
 Give me nine-two-seven, ring eight, please. 
 (927-8.) 
 
 Hello. Is this nine-two-seven, ring eight? 
 (927-8.) 
 
 Yes. 
 
 113 
 
 8 
 
Is Peter there? 
 
 No, he just went out. He will be back in 
 about half an hour. 
 
 Thank you. I'll call him up again later. 
 
 Operator. 
 
 Give me nine-two-seven ring eight, please. 
 
 Line busy. 
 
 Central. 
 
 Give me nine-two-seven, ring eight, please. 
 
 Hello. 
 
 Is this Peter? 
 
 Yes, this is Peter. 
 
 This is George. Did you call me up this 
 morning? 
 
 Yes, I did. I wanted to ask you if there was 
 a chance of getting some work in the shoe- 
 factory. 
 
 Well, I don't know. I heard the foreman say 
 to-day that they expected to have a rush next 
 week. Now if this is so, I believe they will 
 need some men next week. Why don't you 
 come down and find out about it? 
 
 I wHl, to-morrow morning. Good-bye. 
 
 Operator. 
 
 Toll Operator, please. 
 
 Toll Operator. 
 
 Connect me with two-seven-one, ring fifty-two, 
 (271-52) Portland, please. 
 
 What is the name of the person to whom you 
 wish to speak? 
 
 Paul Krepps. 
 
 What is your telephone ntimber? Your name? 
 Three-0-eight, ring two. (308-2) John Perry. 
 
 114 
 
I'll call you when the line is ready. 
 
 Hello. 
 
 Is this 'three-O-eight, ring two? (308-2) 
 Yes. 
 
 Did you call up two-seven-one, ring fifty-two 
 (271-52) Portland? 
 Yes. 
 The line is ready. 
 
 Central. 
 
 Give me two-nine-five, ring three, please. 
 (295-3) 
 
 Drop a nickel in the slot. 
 
 Hello! Is this George? 
 
 George is not at home. 
 
 Do you know when he will be back? 
 
 He will be back at about seven o'clock to- 
 night. 
 
 
 LESSON XLIX 
 
 
 THE RAILROAD. 
 
 railroad 
 
 smoking-room 
 
 railway 
 
 sleeping-car 
 
 car 
 
 parlor-car 
 
 train 
 
 dining-car 
 
 ticket-office 
 
 special train 
 
 ticket 
 
 freight^car 
 
 time-table 
 
 change 
 
 station 
 
 conductor 
 
 railroad station 
 
 L round trip 
 
 depot 
 
 excursion 
 
 115 
 
baggage return ticket 
 
 baggage-room mileage 
 
 luggage tnmk 
 
 check suit-case 
 
 parcel-room railroad crossing 
 
 waiting-room danger 
 
 track look out for the engine 
 
 express leave 
 
 local stop 
 
 passenger fare 
 
 signal due 
 
 engine late 
 
 smoking-car information 
 
 transfer 
 
 THE RAILROAD. 
 
 I am a stranger in this city. I don't know 
 where I am now. I can't leave town unless I 
 know where the railroad station is. There is a 
 policeman. I am going to find out from him. 
 
 Will you please tell me where the depot is? 
 
 We have three railroad stations in this town. 
 Where do you want to go? 
 
 I want to go to Boston. 
 
 You can't take a train to Boston before four 
 o'clock. You just missed the ten-thirty train. 
 Don't you have a time-table with you? 
 
 No, I have no time-table with me. Do you 
 know where I can get one? 
 
 Let us go to that hotel there, and see if they 
 have one. Oh, I forgot; you'll find the time- 
 table in the morning paper. 
 
 I have a morning paper here. 
 
 Let us see. Train service from Spring Street 
 
 116 
 
station. There is a train for Boston at 6.55 
 a. m., express; at 9.55 a. m., local; at 10.30 
 a. m., express; at 12.10 p. m., local; at 4.03 
 p. m., express for Boston. 
 
 I think I'll wait and take the four- three train 
 this afternoon. How can I reach the station 
 from here? 
 
 Take the Orchard car from here ; ask the con- 
 ductor to give you a transfer for Spring Street. 
 Get off at the comer of High and Spring Streets. 
 Take a Spring Street car, and that will take 
 you to the depot. 
 
 Thank you very much. 
 
 Welcome, sir. 
 
 Spring Street station. Here it is. At last I 
 have found it. I have no time to lose. I must 
 buy my ticket, check my trunk, and have some- 
 thing to eat before I go. What time does the 
 next train leave for Boston? 
 
 At four- three. 
 
 Let me have one ticket. 
 
 Three dollars and ten cents. 
 
 I wonder if my trunk is here. Oh, here it is. 
 I must check it. Check this trunk, please. 
 
 Where is your ticket? I must weigh that 
 trunk. I think you'll have to pay excess money 
 for it. It weighs more than the limit. 
 
 How much more do I have to pay? 
 
 Twenty-cents. 
 
 Now I can eat something. It is only twenty 
 minutes to four. I have twenty-three minutes 
 more. 
 
 117 
 
Information bureau For men 
 
 Baggage room For women 
 
 Parcel room Look out 
 
 Track Number 3 Danger 
 
 Ticket-office Railroad crossing 
 
 Passengers are forbid- Look out for the engine 
 
 den to stand on this Waiting-room 
 
 platform No spitting on the floor 
 
 When you are at the railroad station, and are 
 in doubt about the arrival and departvire of your 
 train, always go and ask someone in the in- 
 formation bureau about it. 
 
 Buy your ticket before you check your trunk. 
 
 When you check your trunk, have your ticket 
 with you. 
 
 In a large city, when you buy your ticket, al- 
 ways ask the man in charge of the ticket-office 
 for the number of the track on which yoiir train 
 is found. This will save you much trouble. 
 
 When does the next train leave for New York? 
 
 At twelve o'clock. 
 
 Is it an express, or a local? Is it a through 
 train to New York? 
 
 It is a local. You change at Springfield. 
 There is no express train before five o'clock. 
 
 118 
 
LESSON L 
 
 THE 
 
 STEAMBOAT. 
 
 aboard 
 
 oar 
 
 a,nchor 
 
 passenger 
 
 baggage 
 
 port 
 
 baggage-room 
 
 prow 
 
 battleship 
 
 river 
 
 bell 
 
 row 
 
 berth 
 
 sail 
 
 boat 
 
 sail-boat 
 
 bow 
 
 sailor 
 
 cabin 
 
 sea 
 
 canoe 
 
 sea-sick 
 
 chimney 
 
 second class 
 
 compass 
 
 ship 
 
 cork 
 
 steer 
 
 deck 
 
 steerage 
 
 fare 
 
 steamboat 
 
 first class » 
 
 steamer 
 
 flag 
 
 steamship 
 
 freight 
 
 state room 
 
 harbor 
 
 stern 
 
 helm 
 
 storm 
 
 inland 
 
 third class 
 
 island 
 
 voyage 
 
 lake 
 
 warship 
 
 launch 
 
 watch 
 
 life-saver 
 
 wave 
 
 ocean 
 
 wharf 
 
 whistle 
 
 
 119 
 
THE STEAMBOAT. 
 
 Will you please tell me where the Central 
 Wharf is? 
 
 It is on Bates Street. Go up straight as far 
 as that white house, then turn to your left and 
 go straight ahead until you reach the pier. 
 
 I thank you, sir. I am very much obliged to 
 you. 
 
 Is this the steamship office? 
 
 Yes, sir, this is the steamer for New York. 
 
 What time does the steamboat leave? 
 
 It leaves at seven o'clock sharp. The weather 
 is good, and I think we shall start at seven 
 o'clock sharp. 
 
 What is the fare to New York? 
 
 Five dollars. 
 
 Give me one ticket. Can I buy a return ticket ? 
 
 Yes, it wiU cost you eight dollars. That way 
 you save two dollars. 
 
 Let me have a return ticket. Give me a 
 state room, too. What do you charge for the 
 state room? 
 
 Two dollars for an outside room, one dollar 
 and seventy-five cents for an inside room. 
 
 It is too much. I can't afford it. I think I 
 shall go downstairs in the cabin. What is the 
 fare for second class? 
 
 Three dollars. 
 
 I would like to travel first class, but the fare 
 is too high. 
 
 If you can't afford it, you can travel third 
 class. 
 
 All right. Give me a steerage ticket. Where 
 
 120 
 
is the captain? I want to see him about my 
 trunk. 
 
 You can check your trunk here. Do you have 
 a suit-case with you? If you have one, bring it 
 to the baggage room. They don't charge you 
 anything for it. 
 
 Can I have my supper on board? 
 
 Yes, there is a dining-room on the steamer. 
 You can have yotir meals at the regular hours. 
 Breakfast is served from seven to nine; dinner 
 from twelve to two, and supper from half-past 
 five to seven. 
 
 It is seven o'clock, and the whistle has not 
 blown yet. What is the trouble? 
 
 We shall not start before ten o'clock. The 
 weather is stormy. The wind is strong. Per- 
 haps we shall not start before morning. 
 
 Oh, there goes the whistle! Hear the man 
 calling "All aboard!" We are off. It is only 
 half -past nine. I am afraid it will be stormy 
 on the way. The worst of it is that I get sea- 
 sick. I don't see how I can stand it. 
 
 Well, go to sleep, and you will be all right in 
 the morning. We reach New York to-morrow 
 afternoon at half-past five. 
 
 121 
 
LESSON LI 
 
 
 THE HUMAN BODY. 
 
 4 ankle 
 
 Jheel 
 
 >iarm 
 
 4 hip 
 
 Aback 
 
 intestine 
 
 i beard 
 
 jaw V 
 
 belly ' 
 
 joint 
 
 4 blood 
 
 4 knee 
 
 Abone 
 
 knee-cap 
 
 4brain 
 
 J leg 
 
 4 cheek 
 
 limb 
 
 \ chest 
 
 4lip 
 
 ■I chin 
 
 liver 
 
 J ear 
 
 lungs 
 
 X elbow 
 
 ■\ mouth 
 
 4 eye 
 
 Jk mustache 
 
 \ eye-brow 
 
 4 neck 
 
 i eye-lid 
 
 nerve 
 
 J face 
 
 nostrils 
 
 4 feet 
 
 4 palm 
 
 J finger « 
 4finger-nau 
 
 rib 
 
 4 shoulder < 
 
 flesh 
 
 4 skin 
 
 J foot 
 
 4 stomach 
 
 J forehead 
 
 ^fteeth 
 
 J gums 
 
 4 toe 
 
 4 hair 
 
 ^tongue 
 
 J hand 
 
 4tooth 
 
 ^head 
 
 n) throat 
 
 -1 heart 
 
 >; wrist 
 
 122 
 
SUGGESTIONS TO THE TEACHER. 
 
 The teacher should develop conversation from 
 the words on "The Human Body" by asking 
 such questions as these: "Show me your wrist." 
 "Show me your eye-brows." "How many eyes 
 do you have?" "What do you do with your 
 eyes?" 
 
 The members of the body should be mastered 
 thoroughly by the students. They will be a help 
 in mastering the next lesson, on "The Physician." 
 
 123 
 

 LESSON LII 
 
 THE PHYSICIAN. 
 
 ache 
 
 dislocation 
 
 amputation 
 
 doctor 
 
 apoplexy 
 
 dumb 
 
 appendicitis 
 
 dyspepsia 
 
 appetite 
 
 earache 
 
 bleed 
 
 faint 
 
 bHnd 
 
 fee 
 
 blood 
 
 fever 
 
 boil 
 
 fracture 
 
 bowels 
 
 grippe 
 
 bronchitis 
 
 headache 
 
 bijm 
 
 heart-disease 
 
 catarrh 
 
 heal 
 
 cold 
 
 hospital 
 
 com 
 
 hump-back 
 
 constipation 
 
 ill 
 
 consumption 
 
 illness 
 
 contagious 
 
 infect 
 
 cough 
 
 inflammation 
 
 ctire 
 
 insane 
 
 cut 
 
 itch 
 
 deaf 
 
 lame 
 
 diarrhoea 
 
 leper 
 
 diet 
 
 madness 
 
 124 
 
diphtheria 
 
 disease 
 
 nose-bleed 
 
 nurse 
 
 pain 
 
 paralysis 
 
 pimple 
 
 pleurisy 
 
 pneumonia 
 
 poisoning 
 
 prescribe 
 
 prescription 
 
 pulse 
 
 rheumatism 
 
 scarlet fever 
 
 measles 
 
 nerve 
 
 short-sightedness 
 
 sick 
 
 sickness 
 
 smallpox 
 
 sore throat 
 
 stammering 
 
 stomach-ache 
 
 swelling 
 
 tuberculosis 
 
 typhoid fever 
 
 visit 
 
 vomit 
 
 wound 
 
 THE PHYSICIAN. 
 
 Good morning, George. Do you know a good 
 doctor to whom I can go? 
 
 Why, what is the matter? 
 
 I don't know. I am not feeling very well 
 lately. I must see a doctor to-day. 
 , You can go to Dr. Bruce. He is our family 
 physician. I am sure he will treat you well. 
 Go to him. Do you know where he lives? 
 
 No, I don't know where he lives. 
 
 Go up straight until you reach that white 
 post, then turn to your left, and go up straight 
 
 125 
 
again until yoti reach the comer. The doctor's 
 house is right on the corner. 
 
 Thank you, George. I am going right now. 
 
 \/^^Good morning, doctor. 
 
 Good morning, Mr. Jones. What is the 
 trouble? You look pale and thin. 
 
 I don't know. I have been in bed since last 
 Monday night. I am not able to work. Yes- 
 terday I had feverj to-day I have a sore throat 
 and headache. 
 
 Do you cough? 
 
 Yes, I cough very much, and I feel pain in 
 my chest. 
 
 Let me examine you. Lie down. You have a 
 cold. You must be careful. You must stay at 
 home, or else you will be worse after a while. 
 Let me see yotir tongue. Have you eaten any- 
 thing to-day? 
 
 No, I have not eaten anything since last 
 Monday noon. I have lost my appetite. 
 
 Do you sleep well at night? 
 
 No, I cannot sleep at all. When I go to bed, 
 my bones ache. , I feel nervous and weak. 
 
 Let me feel your pulse. Is your stomach in 
 good order? 
 
 No, my stomach is out of order. My bowels 
 don't move regularly. 
 
 That's enough now. I will prescribe some- 
 thing for you. Here is the prescription. Go to 
 Maiden's drug-store. Take one pill before each 
 meal. Stay at home for two or three days. 
 Don't go out at all. You are liable to catch 
 more cold. 
 
 Thank you, doctor. 
 
 126 
 
How do you feel to-day? 
 
 I feel a little better to-day. Yesterday after- 
 noon I had the nose-bleed. Later in the after- 
 noon I had a headache again. This morning I 
 felt still worse, but I am feeling better now. 
 
 Never mind, you will be all right to-morrow. 
 
 Your lungs are weak. You must take plenty of 
 fresh air every day. 
 
 How is your brother, John? 
 
 He is very sick, worse than ever. The doctor 
 tells us that he suffers from consumption. He 
 may die in a few months. It depends on his 
 strength. If he takes plenty of fresh air, he may 
 get well. 
 
 How is your father? 
 
 He is not feeling very well. He is in the 
 hospital now. The doctors say that he has 
 pneumonia. A few weeks ago he had rheu- 
 matism. 
 
 What about James? How is he? 
 
 He is well, except that he has a boil on his 
 neck. 
 
 I have a sore finger, too. While I was work- 
 ing yesterday, I hurt my hand with the hammer. 
 
 How do you feel to-day? 
 
 I feel very well, now, doctor, thank you. I 
 am very much obliged to you for the good 
 treatment. I am wholly cured now. 
 
 Good afternoon, doctor. My eyes pain me. 
 127 
 
My sight is weak. Can you fit me a pair of 
 eye-glasses? 
 
 Let me test your eyes. Can you see this 
 letter plainly? 
 
 No, I cannot see it at all. 
 
 You are short-sighted. You need a different 
 pair of glasses. Let me take .the measure. I 
 will have them ready by to-morrow noon. They 
 will cost you four dollars. 
 
 LESSON LIII 
 
 
 THE DENTIST. 
 
 
 appointment 
 
 gum 
 
 blood 
 
 hurt 
 
 bridge work 
 
 nerve 
 
 cavity 
 
 pain 
 
 cement 
 
 plate 
 
 crown 
 
 pull 
 
 decay 
 
 rinse 
 
 dentist 
 
 root 
 
 false 
 
 set 
 
 fill 
 
 silver 
 
 gas 
 
 teeth 
 
 gold 
 
 tooth 
 
 toothache 
 
 
 THE DENTIST. 
 
 Is this the dentist's office. 
 Yes, sir. Walk right in. Take a chair, 
 doctor will be in in a moment. 
 
 The 
 
 128 
 
Please let me see him at once. I have a terri- 
 ble toothache. I can't stand it any longer. 
 Wait, I will see if the doctor is busy. 
 
 How do you do, doctor? I wish to have a 
 tooth pulled. It pains me terribly. I could not 
 sleep at all last night. 
 
 Sit down and let me look at it. Which one is 
 it? This one? 
 
 No, the next one. 
 
 Is it the one that has the cavity? 
 
 Yes, that's the one. 
 
 All right. Do you want to take gas? 
 
 No, I can stand the pain for a second. 
 
 Rinse out your mouth. 
 
 I also wish to have a tooth filled. 
 
 What kind of filling do you want? You can 
 have it filled with gold, silver, or cement. Gold 
 filling will last you longer. 
 
 How much will it cost? 
 
 It will cost you three dollars. You see, I 
 have to kill the nerve first, and then fill the 
 tooth. 
 
 I cannot stop now. Can I make an appoint- 
 ment with you? 
 
 Yes, when can you come? 
 
 I can come any time to-morrow forenoon. 
 
 All right, then you may come at nine o'clock, 
 
 I wish to have my teeth cleaned. How much 
 do you charge for cleaning teeth? 
 
 One dollar for cleaning teeth. 
 
 129 
 
Where are you going, John? 
 
 I am going to the dentist. I must have a 
 crown put on my tooth. 
 
 Let me see it. It is of no use to have a crown 
 on that tooth. It is decayed. The thing you 
 need is a Set of teeth, or you can have a false 
 tooth put in the place of that decayed one. 
 
 I don't know what to do. I think I will ask 
 the doctor about it. 
 
 
 LESSON LIV 
 
 
 
 THE DRUG-STORE. 
 
 antidote 
 
 tooth-powder 
 
 internal use 
 
 biandage 
 
 soap 
 
 tablespoonful 
 
 splint 
 
 razor 
 
 teaspoonful , 
 
 chloroform 
 
 razor-strap 
 
 glycerine 
 
 camphor 
 
 comb 
 
 gum 
 
 quinine 
 
 absorbent 
 
 
 
 cotton 
 
 liquid 
 
 pills 
 
 alcohol 
 
 headache 
 
 prescription 
 
 ammonia 
 
 hospital 
 
 prescribe 
 
 benzine - 
 
 hot- water bottle 
 
 operation 
 
 capsule 
 
 oil 
 
 plaster 
 
 cod-liver oil 
 
 perfume 
 
 ointment 
 
 cold cream 
 
 pharmacy 
 
 ether 
 
 cotton 
 
 pimple 
 
 gargle 
 
 crutches 
 
 poison 
 
 130 
 
castor-oil 
 
 medicine 
 
 ' sterilize 
 
 cathartic 
 
 dandruff 
 
 tonic 
 
 bleeding 
 
 directions 
 
 treatment 
 
 vaccinate 
 
 bottle 
 
 use 
 
 blister 
 
 dose 
 
 witch-hazel 
 
 brush 
 
 drug 
 
 Epsom salts 
 
 tooth-brush 
 
 earache 
 external use 
 
 doctor 
 
 THE DRUG-STORE. 
 
 Do you prepare medicines here? 
 
 Yes, we prepare medicines and fill prescrip- 
 tions of all kinds here. 
 
 Please fill this prescription for me. Shall I 
 have to wait for it? 
 
 It will be ready in about half an hour. Do 
 you want to wait for it? 
 
 I can't wait for it, but will call again later. 
 
 Is my prescription ready? 
 
 Yes, sir, your medicine is ready. 
 
 How shall I use this medicine? 
 
 The directions are on the bottle. Be sure to 
 read them before you use it. You are to take 
 that three times a day before meals. 
 
 What is in this bottle? 
 
 The medicine in this bottle is poisonous. It is 
 only for external use. Be careful not to use the 
 wrong bottle. The medicine in that bottle is 
 for internal use. Take a tablespoonful from it 
 before each meal. The other medicine you use 
 for rubbing your chest before you go to bed. 
 
 Thank you very much. How much do I 
 owe you? 
 
 131 
 
Seventy-five cents for the two bottles and 
 twenty-five cents for the qmnine pills. 
 
 Will you please give me something to stop 
 my toothache. It pains me. 
 
 What do you want? Liquid or gum? 
 
 I woiold rather have a liquid. There is a 
 cavity in the tooth. 
 
 Here is some cotton. Put some of it on a 
 toothpick, then wet it in this liqtiid, and push 
 it into the cavity. 
 
 I have a stomach-ache. Will you please mix 
 me up some castor-oil? 
 
 We keep no castor-oil here, but I can give you 
 a dose of Epsom salts. 
 
 That will do. Let me have that, please. 
 
 Do you keep cigars and cigarettes here? 
 
 Yes, what kind do you want? 
 
 I'll have a "Blackstone" cigar and a box of 
 "Helmar" cigarettes. 
 
 132 
 
LESSON LV 
 
 THE EVENING SCHOOL. 
 
 Do you speak English? 
 
 Yes, I speak a little, but not very much. I 
 don't speak English very well. 
 
 Do you understand me when I speak? 
 
 Yes, I understand what you say, but I can't 
 answer you. It is very hard to speak the 
 jEnglish language. 
 
 No, the English language is very easy; you 
 can learn how to speak if you' try. Do you go 
 to the evening school? 
 
 No, I don't go the the evening school.. What 
 do they do there? 
 
 In the evening school they teach you to read, 
 write, and speak English. Don't lose time. Go 
 as sogn a s you can. You can find a better job 
 if yoS^now English. You will get more money 
 if you know how to write English. 
 
 Where is the evening school? 
 
 It is on Washington Street. This boy will 
 show you where it is. Get ready. Put on yotu 
 coat and hat and go. 
 
 Yes, sir. I am going right ofiE. Good-bye.. -S 
 
 Good evening. Is this the principal of the 
 evening school? 
 
 Yes, sir, this is Mr. Jones, the principal of the 
 school. 
 
 I want to come to school. I wish to learn 
 English. 
 
 Very well, Come, here. What is your name? 
 
 133 
 
My name is George Tjenoflf. 
 
 How do you spell your last name? 
 
 T-j-e-n-o-f-f. 
 
 How old are you? 
 
 I am twenty-one years old. 
 
 Where do you live? 
 
 I live on Chestnut Street. 
 
 What is your nationality ? 
 
 I am Russian. 
 
 How long have you been in this countp^? 
 
 J have been in this country ten months"^ 
 
 Here is your book, Mr. Tjenoff . Mr. Brooks 
 will be yotir teacher. Go upstairs to room num- 
 ber five. Give this card to Mr. Brooks. 
 
 Thank you, sir. 
 
 Good evening. Is this Mr. Brooks? 
 
 Yes, this is Mr. Brooks. 
 
 Mr. Jones sent me here.. I want to come to 
 school. 
 
 Have you a registration card? 
 
 Yes, here it is. 
 
 Sit down. Here is your book, paper, and 
 pencil. Open your book to page eleven. 
 
 134 
 

 LESSON LVI 
 
 ■ 
 
 NATIONALITIES. 
 
 ^try^ 
 
 Nationality; 
 
 iHrica 
 
 Atrican 
 
 America 
 
 American 
 
 Austria 
 
 Austrian 
 
 Belgium 
 
 Belgian 
 
 Bulgaria 
 
 Bulgarian 
 
 Canada 
 
 Canadian 
 
 China 
 
 Chinaman, Chinese 
 
 Cuba 
 
 Cuba,n 
 
 Denmark 
 
 Dane, Danish 
 
 England 
 
 Englishman, English 
 
 Europe 
 
 European 
 
 France 
 
 Frenchman, French 
 
 ; Germany 
 
 German 
 
 Greece 
 
 Greek 
 
 Holland 
 
 Dutchman, Dutch 
 
 Hungnryi 
 
 Huagariaa-^ 
 
 India 
 
 Indian, Hindu 
 
 Ireland 
 
 Irishman, Irish 
 
 Italy 
 
 Italian 
 
 Japan 
 
 Japanese 
 
 
 Jew, Jewish 
 
 Montenegro 
 
 Montenegrin 
 
 Norway 
 
 Norwegian 
 
 Persia 
 
 Persian 
 
 Poland 
 
 'Pole, Polish 
 
 Portugal 
 
 Portuguese 
 
 Prussia 
 
 Prussian 
 
 Russia 
 
 ; Russian 
 
 135 
 
Servia 
 
 Spain 
 
 Sweden 
 
 Switzerland 
 
 Turkey- 
 
 Servian 
 
 Spaniard, Spanish 
 
 Swede, Swedish 
 
 Swiss 
 
 Turk, Turkish 
 
 SUGGESTIONS TO THE TEACHER. 
 
 The teacher should develop conversation 
 from the words on "Nationalities," by asking 
 such questions as these: "What is the name of 
 the coiintry from which you come?" "What is 
 the name of your native land?" "What is your 
 nationality?" 
 
 
 LESSON LVII 
 
 THE LAWYER.— THE 
 
 COURT. 
 
 lawyer 
 
 court 
 
 misdemeanor 
 
 attomey-at-law judge 
 
 broker jury 
 
 real estate defendant • 
 
 municipal 
 
 detective 
 
 bondsman 
 
 notary public 
 
 plaintiff 
 
 theft 
 
 summons 
 case 
 
 swear 
 oath 
 
 postpone 
 retire 
 
 evidence 
 affidavit 
 
 interpreter 
 witness stand 
 
 agree 
 verdict 
 
 witness 
 
 testify 
 
 examine 
 
 alibi 
 
 appeal 
 
 sheriff 
 
 imprisonment 
 
 •fine 
 
 murder 
 
 contract 
 testimony 
 
 marshal 
 attack 
 
 manslaughter 
 degree 
 
 136 
 
sue covinsel plead 
 
 expense 
 
 prison 
 
 innocent 
 
 fee 
 
 jail 
 
 guilty _ 
 
 settle 
 
 arrest 
 
 gra.nd. jury 
 
 trial 
 
 partner 
 
 clerk 
 
 try 
 
 warrant 
 
 consult 
 
 police station 
 
 bail 
 
 eye-witness 
 
 THE LAWYER.— THE COURTS. 
 
 Good morning, Mr. Goodwin. Do you know 
 a good lawyer to whom I could go for advice? 
 
 Why, what is the matter? 
 
 I received a summons to-day to appear be- 
 fore the court next Wednesday. 
 
 Mr. Atwood is a personal friend of mine. I 
 am sure he will be glad to help you. Let me 
 give you a letter of introduction. ■ 
 
 Is this Mr. Atwood? 
 
 Yes, this is Mr. Atwood. 
 
 I received a summons to-day to appear be- 
 fore the court next week. 
 
 Who is the plaintiff? Do you know him very 
 well? 
 
 I know him very wdl. We used to be partners 
 when we had the store on Main Street. 
 
 What is the case? Tell me all you know about 
 the case. 
 
 We had a grocery store together. He decided 
 to withdraw, and sold his share to me. I paid 
 him seven hundred dollars, and the remainder, 
 eight hundred dollars, I was paying by monthly 
 installments. 
 
 137 
 
What is the charge against you now? 
 
 I sold some furniture from the store, which 
 he says, belonged to him. When the papers 
 were made out, it was made plain that from 
 that day on, he ceased to be the owner of the 
 store, or of any articles in the store. 
 
 Where are the papers? 
 
 The notary public has the papers, but I have 
 a copy here. 
 
 Let me see it. This paper says that from now 
 on, that is, July 13, 1913, the said Lambert 
 ceases to be the owner of the store or of any- 
 thing in the store. This is ample proof that he 
 is wrong. 
 
 Call in* the witnesses. 
 Do you testify for the defendant? 
 No, I testify for the plaintiff. 
 Take the stand. 
 
 I am going to sue you if you do not pay me 
 the money you owe nie.by to-morrow. I am 
 sorry to take such action, but I have to do so, 
 in order to keep up my business. It is for your 
 own interest to pay or make some arrangement 
 about the payment. If we go to court, you will 
 have to pay the court expenses and the lawyer's 
 fee, a sum which will amount to more than thirty 
 dollars. I am willing to settle the matter out 
 of court. We can compromise. 
 
 Counsel for the defendant. 
 Counsel for the plaintiff. 
 The witnesses must be called and sworn in. 
 Raise your right hand. Repeat these words 
 
 138 
 
after me: "I will speak the truth, all the truth, 
 and nothing but the truth. So help me God."' 
 
 Will the witnesses for the defendant come 
 forward? 
 
 What is yotir name? 
 
 My name is Paul Milliken. 
 
 How long have you been knowing the defend- 
 ant? 
 
 I have known him for seven years. 
 
 Is he any relation to you? 
 
 I don't know. 
 
 Can you speak English? 
 
 No. 
 
 Have you an interpreter here? Will the in- 
 terpreter come forward? 
 
 A judgment was found for the defendant. 
 
 Are you satisfied with the proceedings? 
 
 I am not. I am right, and the defendant is 
 wrong. 
 
 You can appeal the case if you think you 
 have grounds for appeal. 
 
 You are under arrest. 
 
 Where is your warrant? When was it issued? 
 
 Yesterday afternoon. 
 
 You are charged with manslaughter, with 
 .murder, with vagrancy, with' embezzlement. 
 
 You. are charged with intoxication, with 
 nuisance, with non-support. 
 
 He was bailed for $800. 
 
 He was put in prison. 
 
 He will be tried when the Grand Jury holds 
 its next session. 
 
 139 
 
John Mitchell, charged with breaking and 
 entering the house of G. Donald last night, was 
 arraigned in the municipal court to-day. Judge 
 Cole held Mitchell in $1500 for the November 
 term of the Grand Jury. 
 
 . He was found guilty. 
 He was found innocent (not guilty). 
 
 Yesterday, in the Superior Criminal Court, 
 Chester Lyman was found by the jury guilty of 
 assault with intent to kill, on his wife. He was 
 sentenced to three years in the House of Cor- 
 rection. 
 
 He was found guilty of murder in the first 
 degree. 
 
 Mtirder in the second degree. 
 
 The jury has retired. In a moment we shall 
 hear the verdict. 
 
 George Lombard, charged with operating an 
 automobile while under the influence of liquor, 
 was sentenced to serve two months in the House 
 of Correction. He appealed, and furnished $400 
 bail. 
 
 George Peter was arrested to-day on a war- 
 rant charging him with the larceny of several 
 articles valued at $31.45. 
 
 He is charged with robbing banks by means of 
 forged checks. 
 
 He is charged with murder. If he can prove 
 an alibi, he will be set free. 
 
 Sum up the arguments of the opponents. 
 
 140 
 
Paul Sabner was sentenced to-day to fifteen 
 years at hard labor for robbing a bank. 
 
 The judge speaks to the jury. 
 
 Here come the jury. At last they have reached 
 a decision. 
 
 Your Honor, the jury have found the defend- 
 ant guilty of murder in the second degree. 
 
 He must serve twenty years in the State 
 Prison. 
 
 Whoever violates any of the provisions of the 
 ordinances, rules and regulations, shall be pun- 
 ished by a fine not exceeding twenty-five dollars 
 for each offense, or by imprisonmeiit and fine. 
 
 He is under cross-examination. 
 
 The evidence is contradictory. 
 
 The witness failed to appear. 
 
 The Grand Jury will begin to-day its investi- 
 gation into the murder of Peter Johnson, who 
 was shot a week ago to-day. Several witnesses 
 will be called. 
 
 District Attorney Blake, with two detectives, 
 prepared the evidence. 
 
 George Cole, alias John Buxton, of this city, 
 was sentenced to 60 days in jail for intoxication. 
 
 He will take the stand before, the Grand Jury 
 to-morrow morning. 
 
 James Alley and John Roberts, charged with 
 intoxication, were sentenced to pay a fine of 
 15.00 and costs at the municipal cotirt yester- 
 day. They paid, and were discharged. 
 
 He was bound over in 1800 bonds from the 
 
 141 
 
municipal court when he was convicted of illegal 
 possession. 
 
 A petition in voluntary bankruptcy has been 
 filed at the office of the United States Clerk of 
 Courts of this city, by James Cole. His liabilities 
 are $4,561.00; his assets, $3,172.35. 
 
 He was arrested by an officer yesterday on a 
 warrant sworn out by his wife, charging him 
 with non-support. 
 
 The August term of Probate Court was held 
 yesterday. Fifteen petitions for the probate of 
 wills were continued to the September term. 
 Six wills were admitted to probate, and six ad- 
 ministrations were made. 
 
 He took the witness-stand. 
 
 LESSON LVIII 
 
 THE BANK.— THE INSURANCE COMPANY. 
 
 bank 
 
 sign 
 
 money 
 
 president 
 
 signature 
 
 change 
 
 banker 
 
 endorse 
 
 coin 
 
 cashier 
 
 bankrupt 
 
 bill 
 
 teller 
 
 bankruptcy 
 
 cash 
 
 clerk 
 
 fail_ 
 
 counterfeit 
 
 deposit 
 
 capital 
 
 note 
 
 interest 
 
 safe 
 
 lend 
 
 per cent 
 
 vault 
 
 loan 
 
 draw 
 
 creditor 
 
 security 
 
 account 
 
 debtor 
 
 owe 
 
 bank-book 
 
 broker 
 
 debt 
 
 142 
 
check-book 
 
 National Bank 
 
 rate 
 
 agent 
 
 Savings Bank 
 
 mortgage 
 
 partner 
 
 balance 
 
 
 receipt 
 
 bearer 
 
 insurance 
 
 share 
 
 letter of credit 
 
 insure 
 
 share-holder 
 
 discount 
 
 fire 
 
 forge 
 
 order 
 
 
 forgery- 
 
 bond 
 
 profit 
 
 remit 
 
 exchange 
 
 loss ' 
 
 dividend 
 
 contract 
 
 -gain 
 
 THE BANK.— THE INSURANCE COMPANY. 
 
 We have several kinds of banks in this country, 
 the National Bank, the Savings Banks, State 
 Banks, and the Postal Savings Bank. 
 
 For laborers, the Savings Bank, and the Postal 
 Savings Bank are the safest places to deposit 
 money. 
 
 I want to- deposit fifty dollars. 
 I want to open a bank account. 
 Please write your name and address here. 
 Do you want a check book? 
 Yes, I want a check book. 
 Make out a check for twenty-five dollars. 
 I want to draw ten dollars. 
 Please cash me this check. 
 Endorse the check. Write your name on the 
 back of the dheck. 
 
 If your bank-book is lost, notify the bank at 
 once. The Treasurer of the bank usually an- 
 notmces the loss in the daily paper. If the book 
 is not fotmd, the bank issues another book. 
 
 143 
 
Please change me a ten dollar bill. 
 Can you break a five dollar bill? 
 
 Banking Hours 
 
 9 A. M. to 3 P. M. 
 
 Saturday, 9 A. M. to 12 M. 
 
 Saturday evening, 7 to 8 o'clock 
 
 Interest payable the first days of March and 
 September. ^ 
 
 If you lose the bank-book, give immediate 
 notice to the company. 
 
 The bank-book must be presented to with- 
 draw any money. 
 
 No payment can be made without the deposi- 
 tor's book. 
 
 Each deposit is entered in the depositor's 
 book. 
 
 Interest is allowed from the day of each 
 deposit at the rate of four per cent per annum. 
 
 Interest not withdrawn when payable is 
 usually added to the principal and draws in- 
 terest. 
 
 In some banks, deposits will be paid on de- 
 mand, but a few days notice may be required. 
 
 Safe deposit vaults to rent. Private boxes 
 three dollars per annurii, for the safe-keeping of 
 stocks, bonds, deeds, mortgages, insurance pol- 
 icies and other valuable things. 
 
 Can I borrow two hundred dollars from this 
 bank? 
 
 Do you know anybody in this city that will 
 
 144 
 
be willing to recommend you to us? We cannot 
 lend any money unless we know the person 
 quite well. 
 
 I am a stranger in this city. I don't know any- 
 body. 
 
 Do you own any property in this city? 
 
 I own a house and a farm. / 
 
 We can lend you two hundred dollars if you 
 give us a mortgage on your house. 
 
 What interest do you charge? 
 
 We charge five per cent interest. 
 
 It is always advisable to have your house or 
 store ins\u"ed against fire. 
 
 I want to have my store insured. 
 
 I want to take out a fire insurance policy. 
 
 The insurance policy can be renewed every 
 year. 
 
 For how much do you want your store insured? 
 For three thousand dollars. 
 
 For some stores you must pay higher insurance 
 than for others. The amount depends upon the 
 condition of your building, and upon the natttre 
 of your business. For a wooden building you 
 must pay higher insurance than for a brick 
 building. 
 
 Protection is the most important thing in 
 insuring a house or store, or any building. Find 
 a reliable insiirance company, which will give 
 you the most protection in case of fire. 
 
 145 
 
Some people try to bttrn their property or 
 their store, with the purpose of drawing the in- 
 surance money from the company. They do 
 not succeed. -Those who attempt this criminal 
 act never escape punishment. Persons who at- 
 tempt to set fire to their property in order to 
 obtain the insurance money risk their lives and 
 the lives of others; other lives may be lost in 
 the fire, and in almost every case, they them- 
 selves go to prison for life. 
 
 LESSON LIX 
 
 AGRICULTURE AND AGRICULTURAL IMPLE- 
 MENTS. 
 
 farm 
 
 cow 
 
 axe 
 
 farmer 
 
 hay 
 
 rake 
 
 field 
 
 milk 
 
 crop 
 
 husbandman 
 
 pitch 
 
 weed 
 
 cultivate 
 
 water 
 
 seed 
 
 dig 
 
 spade 
 
 gather 
 
 sow 
 
 thresh '^ 
 
 vegetable 
 
 plant 
 
 harrow 
 
 wheat 
 
 garden 
 
 mantire 
 
 com 
 
 gardener 
 
 team 
 
 land 
 
 soil 
 
 fork 
 
 acre 
 
 fertile 
 
 , scjrthe 
 
 pasture 
 
 tree 
 
 sickle 
 
 pick 
 
 leaf 
 
 sheaves 
 
 stock 
 
 leaves 
 
 graze 
 
 sheep 
 
 plow 
 
 shovel 
 
 well 
 
 horse 
 
 hoe 
 
 fertilizer 
 
 agriculture 
 
 country 
 146 
 
 
FARMING. 
 
 Do you like to live in the country? 
 
 Yes, I always like to be where there is fresh 
 air. 
 
 Do you like to work on a farm? 
 
 I don't like to be a hired laborer, but I would 
 like to own a farm. 
 
 Why don't you try to get one of your own? 
 
 I cannot find one. 
 
 Did you consult a real estate agent? 
 
 Yes, I went to a real estate agent, but he did 
 not have anything that I liked. He had a farm 
 of about twenty-five acres in the suburbs of the 
 town, but he asked a large sum of money for it. 
 I can't afford to pay so much. I haven't the 
 money. 
 
 Do you want to buy a farm in the state of 
 Maine? 
 
 I don't care where it is, so long as the place 
 is good. 
 
 Let us go and see Mr. Lipton. He is in the 
 real estate business, and knows better than we. 
 
 How do you do, Mr. Lipton? This is George 
 Cole. He has decided to become a farmer, and 
 he vants a good fa;"m. Can you help him in any 
 way? 
 
 Why, yes. We have all kinds of farms to sell. 
 We sell them on easy terms, too. Here is a 
 farm of eighteen acres, near electric cars and 
 steam railroad, twenty-five miles from the city; 
 includes one horse, two cows, one hundred hens, 
 fifty chickens, several tools and implements, 
 
 147 
 
wagons, all household fiomiture; 4 acres of 
 potatoes, two acres of corn, garden, fifty fruit 
 trees, wood for home use, six-room house, with 
 range and other conveniences, forty-foot bam, 
 houses for hens. The land is productive and 
 well divided. We sell all this for $3,000, part 
 cash, the remainder paid monthly. 
 
 Is this farm in a village? 
 
 Yes, it is right in the village, only five minutes 
 walk from, the church and school. 
 
 Is the land cultivated or wild? 
 
 All the land is productive. The soil is rich 
 and very fertile. There are no swamps any- 
 where near the farm. You can raise almost 
 anything, especially com and potatoes. 
 
 Can you raise vegetables? 
 
 Yes. The land was mostly used for raising 
 vegetables. Of course it needs manuring every 
 year, but you can manage that easily. It is an 
 excellent opportunity for a man who wants to 
 work. 
 
 Here is another bargain. A farm of seventeen 
 acres, five acres cleared, ivood and pasture, 
 seven-room house, hen-house for 600 chickens. 
 Price $2,000, $400 cash, the remainder in weekly 
 payments. 
 
 Have you any other farms to sell? These 
 are too large. I would like to buy one of about 
 fotir acres. I prefer an unfurnished house. I 
 have my own ftuniture, and plan to buy new 
 agricultural implements. 
 
 Here is a farm of three and one-half acres, 
 house of seven rooms, steam heat, bath, gas, six 
 
 148 
 
poidtry Rouses, apple, pear, and plum trees, 
 land level. The house is unfurnished, and there 
 are no tools or other implements. 
 
 What is the price of this farm? 
 
 The price is $1700, $300 cash and the remain- 
 der $15 a month. It is a great bargain. 
 
 Is there a store in town that sells agricultural 
 implements? 
 
 No, there is no store, but there is an agent 
 who will order anything you need on the farm. 
 
 I need a plow, a scythe, an axe, a shovel, 
 and a rake. 
 
 Farming is a good occupation. You are away 
 from the noise and excitement of the city. You 
 enjoy the fresh air, and are free to do anything 
 you please with your property. Many farmers 
 are rich and prosperous to-day. They become 
 rich by selling the fruits and vegetables that 
 they raise on the farm. 
 
 149 
 
LESSON LX 
 
 THE JEWELRY STORE. 
 
 jeweler 
 
 wedding 
 
 watch 
 
 engrave 
 
 ring 
 
 stone 
 
 eye-glasses 
 
 -gold 
 
 spectacles 
 
 ( silver 
 
 ear-rings 
 
 'pearl 
 
 bracelet 
 
 'diamond 
 
 iDrodchi 
 
 fegulate 
 
 pin 
 
 wind 
 
 chain 
 
 wound 
 
 initials ^^ 
 
 clock 
 
 necklace 
 
 warranted 
 
 case 
 
 jewelry 
 
 IN THE JEWELRY STORE. 
 
 My sister is going to ht married next month. 
 She wants me to. send her a Weii^ng ring. Let 
 us go to a jewelry store. 
 
 There is a good place on the other side. Let 
 us look at the show-window before we go in. 
 
 This place seems to be reliable. Let us go in. 
 
 Will you please show us a few rings? 
 
 Do you want them for yourselves? 
 
 No. It is for a lady. 
 
 Woiild you like to have a gold or a silver ring? 
 
 I want a gold ring. It is to be a wedding ring. 
 
 About how much would you care to give for it? 
 
 ISO 
 
Let me see a few of them. I may have to 
 pay more than I expect. 
 
 Here is a gold ring; 22 carats, guaranteed. 
 
 What is the price of this? 
 
 The price of this is twenty-eight dollars. 
 
 I '11 have this. Do you engrave the initials on it ? 
 
 Yes. What are the initials? ^ 
 
 The initials are B. M. p 
 
 Is there anything else you wish to have? We 
 have all sorts of wedding presents here. I sup- 
 pose you win have to buy presents for the bride 
 and bridegroom. 
 
 r don't know much about wedding gifts. Can 
 you suggest a gift for the bride? 
 ^ A bracelet would be a good present, or a pair 
 of ear-rings. 
 
 Wouldn't a necklace be better? 
 
 That's SA good idea. A necklace would be 
 more approjriate. Do you think you can afford 
 to buy this peari- necklace? , 
 
 I doubt it. How much is it? / 
 
 One hundred and fifty dollars. 
 
 I can't afford it. Let me see a bracelet. Did 
 you say these were ten dollars? 
 
 Yes, this is ten dollars. That one there is 
 sixteen doUars. 
 
 Now we want a present for the bridegroom. 
 A pin, a watch, or a clock? 
 
 I think he would like a watch better, because 
 it is more useful. 
 
 Show me a few watches, please. 
 
 We have a great variety here. Would you 
 like to have a gold or a silver watch? 
 
 151 
 
A gold, watchs 
 
 Here is a watch guaranteed tp keep time for 
 ten years. If. it goes a minute slow or fast, 
 bring it back, and we will change it for you. 
 
 I wind my watch every twenty-four hours. 
 
 I wound it last night. 
 
 Please regulate the clock. 
 
 My watch is out of order. It needs repairing. 
 I must take it to the watch-maker. 
 
 The spring is broken. 
 
 The minute-hand. 
 
 The hotir-hand. 
 
 My watch loses three minutes every twenty- 
 four hours. 
 
 My watch gains four minutes every twenty- 
 four hours. 
 
 The movement of the watch is good. 
 
 What time is it? 
 
 My watch has stopped. 
 
 152 
 
LESSON LXI 
 
 RELATIONSHIPS. 
 
 Vocabulary. 
 
 relatives 
 
 niece 
 
 family 
 
 uncle 
 
 home 
 
 aunt 
 
 parents 
 
 husband 
 
 ancestor 
 
 wife 
 
 descendant 
 
 foster-son 
 
 father 
 
 foster-father 
 
 mother 
 
 foster-mother 
 
 son 
 
 godfather 
 
 daughter 
 
 godmother 
 
 grandfather 
 
 stepfather 
 
 grandmother 
 
 stepmother' 
 
 granddaughter 
 
 father-in-law 
 
 grandson 
 
 mother-in-law 
 
 brother 
 
 son-in-law 
 
 sister 
 
 daughter-in-law 
 
 cousin 
 
 brother-in-law 
 
 nephew 
 
 sister-in-law 
 
 twins 
 
 
 153- 
 
LESSON LXIi 
 
 THE. SCHOOLS. 
 
 school 
 
 kindergarten 
 grammar school 
 high school 
 college 
 university 
 academy 
 private school 
 boarding-school 
 seminary 
 law school 
 medical school 
 school of engineering 
 theological school 
 school of technology 
 industrial school 
 civil engineering 
 electrical engineering 
 college of arts 
 
 agrictoltural school 
 
 school of forestry 
 
 evening school 
 
 first grade 
 
 ninth grade 
 
 freshman 
 
 sophomore 
 
 junior 
 
 senior 
 
 professor 
 
 instructor 
 
 teacher 
 -student 
 
 pupil 
 
 president 
 
 principal 
 
 public school 
 
 military school 
 and sciences 
 
 154 
 

 LESSON LXIII 
 
 
 IN THE CITY. 
 
 post-office 
 
 town 
 
 police station 
 
 cemetery 
 
 railroad station 
 
 monument 
 
 hotel 
 
 market 
 
 street 
 
 hospital 
 
 avenue 
 
 lodging 
 
 boulevard 
 
 restaurant 
 
 bank 
 
 garden 
 
 library 
 
 train 
 
 museum 
 
 steamboat 
 
 college 
 
 automobile 
 
 university- 
 
 stage coach 
 
 city hall 
 
 cab 
 
 exchange 
 
 car 
 
 capital 
 
 omnibus 
 
 theater 
 
 zoological garden 
 
 church 
 
 bridge 
 
 cathedral 
 
 mint 
 
 road 
 
 public bath 
 
 way 
 
 Young Men's Christian 
 
 park 
 
 Association 
 
 resort 
 
 Young Women's Chris- 
 
 school 
 
 tian Association 
 
 court 
 
 club 
 
 prison. 
 
 lodge 
 
 custom-house 
 
 moving pictures 
 
 city 
 
 opera 
 
 capitol 
 
 public garden 
 
 garage 
 
 fire alarm 
 
 mail-box 
 
 street-car 
 
 155 
 
LESSON LXIV 
 
 ADVERTISEMENTS.— WANTED, LOST, FOUND, 
 TO LET, FOR SALE. 
 
 WANTED— Firemen and brakemen. Wages 
 high; experience unnecessary. Write for par- 
 ticulars. Address "Railway," care Evening 
 Record. 
 
 WANTED— Agents, salesmen, men and women. 
 Good pay, experience unnecessary. Address 
 221 Fourth Street, Boston, Mass. 
 
 WANTED— A cook, two waiters, and a house- 
 keeper, for summer hotel. Apply to S. Moul- 
 ton, 21 Reed Street, Auburn, Me. 
 
 MEN WANTED— To learn the auto business, 
 at our garage. Many vacancies to be filled. 
 Write at once. Auto Co., Boston, Mass. 
 
 WANTED— Position as waiter in a hotel, by 
 an experienced man. Best of references. Ad- 
 dress Box 16, care Auburn Times. 
 
 WANTED— Board and room in an American 
 family, by a young man. Location between 
 Main and Chestnut Streets preferred. Address 
 P. B., 182 Pine Street, Portland, Me. 
 
 A YOUNG man, industrious and temperate, 
 wants position as houseman. Good cook, and 
 general housekeeper. Wages asked, $25 a 
 month. Best of references. Address Box 28, 
 care of Evening Record. 
 
 156 
 
WANTED - 
 
 
 10 firemen 
 
 2 waiters 
 
 12 bra,kemen 
 
 1 head waiter 
 
 22 agents 
 
 2 housekeepers 
 
 2 salesmen 
 
 1 book-keeper 
 
 9 woodsmen 
 
 3 boys, 17 to 19 
 
 1 pastrycook 
 
 5 farmhands. 
 
 Employment Bureau, 69 Main Street, 
 Springfield, Me. 
 
 WANTED— A man for housework. Must have 
 experience and references. Apply at 121 
 Maple Street, Madison, N. Y. 
 
 LOST AND FOUND. 
 
 LOST— Lady's watch, Thursday, Dec. 23, be- 
 tween Main Street and Post Office. Reward 
 for return to Mrs. Benjamin, 22 Fremont 
 Avenue, Springfield, Mass. 
 
 LOST — Between Spring Street and Music Hall, 
 on Sattu'day evening, a gentleman's pocket- 
 book, containing a few letters, a ring, and a sum 
 of money. The finder will be weU rewarded if 
 he returns the pocketbook to the owner. Ad- 
 dress 25 Gordon Street, Auburn, Me. 
 
 LOST — ^An umbrella was taken from 22 Spring 
 Street last Monday night. The person who 
 took it is known, but may send it to 102 High 
 Street, and no questions will be asked. 
 
 FOUND— On Lisbon Street, a gold ring, with 
 the initials B. K. The man who lost it may 
 
 157 
 
have it by calling at 18 Spruce Street. Must 
 pay for this advertisement. 
 
 FOUND— Pocketbook with sum of money in it. 
 Person who lost it may have it by describing 
 the pocketbook and stating when and where it 
 was lost. Call at the Journal office. 
 
 TO LET. 
 
 TO LET— Downstairs tenement of five rooms 
 in perfect condition, at 18 Horton Street. In- 
 quire at 21 Pine Street. 
 
 TO LET— Tenement of four rooms, bath, hot 
 and cold water, electric lights and gas, hard- 
 wood floors, at 276 Chestnut Street. Apply to 
 Mr. Brown, 92 White Street. 
 
 TO LET— Two furnished rooms for light house- 
 keeping, with use of bath and telephone, at 
 13 Main Street. Telephone 1729-W. 
 
 TO LET — Two unfurnished front rooms, sunny 
 and pleasant, at 102 Lisbon Street. Telephone 
 121-M. 
 
 TO LET — ^A large store, in good condition, at 
 75 Broad Street. Inquire at 25 High Street. 
 
 TO LET— Office to let, at 240 Main Street. In- 
 quire of John Middle, 202 Pine Street, or 
 telephone 1567-N. 
 
 FOR RENT— Entire house, at 21 Hill Avenue. 
 House in good condition, with all modem im- 
 provements. Call at Philips Bros., 201 Main 
 Street. 
 
 158 
 
FOR SALE. 
 
 FOR SALE— Farm of 20-25 acres, on Mt. Davis 
 Avenue, 1 mile from the city post office. 
 Price $3,500. Owner will exchange for city- 
 property if desirable. Telephone 123-52. 
 
 FOR SALE — ^A piano in good condition, used 
 but very little. Will sell cheap for cash. 
 Telephone 1908-M. 
 
 FOR SALE— All kinds of new and secondhand 
 ftimiture. Old furniture bought, antiques 
 bought and sold. Also goods sold on com- 
 mission. 32 Main Street. 
 
 FOR SALE— A six-passenger touring car in 
 
 first class repair. New tires. Owner will sell 
 
 at low price. Address Box 22, Aubtun, Mass. 
 
 LESSON LXV 
 
 FORM OF LETTER. 
 
 102 Spring Street, 
 Springfield, Mass. 
 May 12, 1914. 
 John Roberts, 
 102 Main Street, 
 Portland, Maine, 
 Dear Sir: 
 
 (Body of letter) 
 
 Respectfully yours, 
 
 John Clark. 
 
 159 
 
CONCLUSION OF LETTERS. 
 
 Yours very truly 
 Respectfully yours 
 Yours 
 Yours truly 
 Your sister 
 
 Gratefully yours 
 Sincerely yours 
 Your friend 
 Your brother 
 
 SUPERSCRIPTIONS. 
 
 Mr. Peter Brown, 
 
 29 Summer Street, 
 Lowell, 
 
 Mass. 
 
 Miss Helen Williams, 
 
 21 Main Street, 
 Portland, 
 Care Mrs. James. Maine. 
 
 160 
 
Mrs. George Smith, 
 
 234 West 22nd Street, 
 New York, 
 New York, 
 
 U. S. A. 
 
 SUGGESTIONS TO THE TEACHER. 
 
 Explain the use of Mr., Mrs., Miss, Master. 
 
 The students' attention should be called to 
 the use of U. S. A. on letters sent from foreign 
 countries to the United States. 
 
 161 
 11 
 
LESSON LXVI 
 
 BUSINESS LETTERS. 
 Form of Order to a Jeweler. 
 
 21 Washington Street, 
 
 Ansonia, Conn., 
 May 16, 1914. 
 Mr. John H. Roberts, 
 12 State Street, 
 Boston, Mass. 
 Dear Sir: 
 
 Enclosed you will find a check for t"wyelve 
 dollars (f 12.00) for which please send me by 
 Express a gold watch as advertised in the Boston 
 Evening Journal. 
 
 Yours truly, 
 William H. Booker. 
 
 Form of Order to a Dry Goods Store. 
 
 8 Pearl Street, 
 Springfield, Mass., 
 
 May 14, 1914. 
 Herman & Company, 
 23 Warren Street, 
 Worcester, Mass. 
 Gentlemen : 
 
 , Enclosed you will find a check for twenty- 
 seven dollars ($27.00) for which kindly send by 
 Express the following articles : 
 
 2 blankets No. 19 $ 6.50 
 
 1 desk No. 2 3.25 
 
 5 chairs No. 7 12.50 
 
 162 
 
1 table-cloth 
 
 No. 1 
 
 .75 
 
 2 brooms 
 
 No. 21 
 
 .65 
 
 1 mattress 
 
 No. 10 
 
 3.35 
 
 $27.00 
 
 Yours tnily, 
 
 John Matthews. 
 
 Acknowledgement of the Above. 
 
 Herman & Company, 
 23 Warren Street, Worcester, Mass. 
 May 20, 1914. 
 John Matthews, 
 8 Pearl Street, 
 Springfield, Mass. 
 Dear Sir: 
 
 We wish to thank you for your favor of the 
 14th inst. containing order and check for twenty- 
 seven dollars ($27.00). We are sending the 
 articles by to-day's Express. Enclosed you will 
 find receipt. 
 
 We hope to hear from you again. 
 
 Gratefully yours, 
 
 Herman & Company. 
 
 Request for a Price Catalogue. 
 
 21 High Street, 
 Portland, Maine, 
 ' May 2, 1914. 
 John A. Skinner, 
 21 Battery Place, 
 Philadelphia, Pa. 
 Dear Sir: 
 
 I have recently bought a dry goods store 
 
 163 
 
which I am fitting up with new goods. Will 
 you kindly send me your price catalogue, and 
 terms at which you will trade with me? 
 A prompt reply will oblige me greatly. 
 Respectfully yours, 
 
 Peter Wilson. 
 
 LESSON LXVII 
 
 Postponing Payment of Account. 
 
 108 Main Street, 
 Palmer, Mass., 
 March 22, 1914. 
 Paul H. Reed, 
 
 Boston, Mass. 
 Dear Sir: 
 
 We wish to apologize for not having met our 
 payments for the past month, and this for the 
 reason that business has been very unfavorable 
 lately. We find it necessary, and we would 
 consider it a great favor, if the time of payment 
 could be postponed to the 25th of next month. 
 We are sorry to cause such an inconvenience, 
 but hope to b'e able to meet our obligations 
 promptly in the future. 
 
 Respectfully yours, 
 
 Louis Howard. 
 
 164 
 
Delay of Shipment of Goods. 
 
 104 Winter Street, 
 Bangor, Maine, 
 April 2, 1914. 
 Carlton Bros., 
 
 Portland, Me. 
 Gentlemen: 
 
 It is over a week since I sent you a letter con- 
 taining an order for books and a check for seven- 
 teen dollars forty cents. As I stated in my 
 previous letter, I must have the books on the 
 7th of this month. If I do not receive them by 
 that date, I shall be obliged to return them when 
 they reach me. 
 
 Respectfully yours, 
 George Hammond. 
 
 Request for College Catalogue. 
 
 28 Main Street, 
 Natick, Mass., 
 June 22, 1914. 
 The Registrar of 
 American International College,' 
 Springfield, Mass. 
 Dear Sir: 
 
 Will you kindly send me a catalogue of the 
 American International College, and greatly ob- 
 lige. 
 
 Respectfully yours, 
 
 John Curtis. 
 
 165 
 
Subscription for a Periodical. 
 
 13 Warren Street, 
 Portland, Maine, 
 June 22, 1914. 
 L. H. Brown, 
 
 New York City. 
 Dear Sir: 
 
 Enclosed you will find money order for two 
 dollars (12.00) for which please send the Popular 
 Review for one year. 
 
 Respectfully yours, 
 John Billings. 
 
 Request for Payment. 
 
 ' New York City, 
 
 June 12, 1914. 
 J. E. Clarke, 
 
 Boston, Mass. 
 Dear Sir: 
 
 Enclosed you will find bill, the amount of 
 which please send as soon as you can, not later 
 than Friday. We have to pay a large sum of 
 money next Saturday, and are in need of money. 
 
 Respectfully yours, 
 
 Brown & Co. 
 
 Answer to the Above. 
 
 Boston, Mass., June 14, 1914. 
 Brown & Co., 
 
 New York City, 
 Gentlemen : 
 
 In answer to your letter of the 12th instant, 
 
 166 
 
we hasten to send you sixty-two dollars ($62.00) 
 on account of bill which you sent us yesterday. 
 I regret that I cannot send the whole amount. 
 Please send receipt for amount received. 
 
 Yours very truly, 
 J. E. Clarke. 
 
 LESSON LXVIII 
 
 Letter of Introduction. 
 
 New York City, 
 July 18, 1914. 
 My dear Mr. Baker: 
 
 This will introduce to you Mr. James S. 
 Smith, who wishes to find employment in your 
 city. He is a man hi unusual ability, and of good 
 character. I shall consider it a great favor if 
 you will use your influence toward his securing 
 a position. 
 
 Yours very truly, 
 Edward Manning. 
 
 Application for Position. 
 
 21 Spruce Avenue, City, 
 
 November 2, 1914. 
 Mr. John Moxom, 
 P. O. Box 123, 
 Portland, Maine. 
 Dear Sir: 
 
 I find through the advertising columns of 
 to-day's Globe, that you want a man to work on 
 
 167 
 
a farm. I shoiild like to submit my name to 
 your consideration for this position. I am a 
 young man, twenty-three years of age, strong, 
 industrious, ambitious, and temperate, with a 
 considerable amount of experience in farming. 
 Best of references can be furnished. 
 Yours truly, 
 
 Arthur Stevenson. 
 
 Receipt. 
 
 Boston, Mass., July 20, 1914. 
 Received of John Milliken seventy-five dol- 
 lars ($75.00) on account. 
 
 George El well. 
 
 Order for Money. 
 
 New York City, 
 
 June 28, 1914. 
 Mr. G. H. Wells: 
 
 Please pay William A. Maxwell sixty dollars 
 ($60.00) on my account. 
 
 John McDonald. 
 
 Receipt for Rent. 
 
 Boston, Mass., 
 July 2, 1914. 
 Received of H. W. Walpole sixty-two dollars 
 ($62.00), one month's rent from August 2 to 
 September 2, of store at 62 East Main Street. 
 
 Philip Dixon. 
 
 I O U thirty-five dollars. 
 
 John Cole. 
 168 
 
Promise to Pay. 
 
 Portland, Maine, 
 
 June 26, 1914. 
 Ninety days after date I promise to pay John 
 Billings sixty-five dollars for value received. 
 
 George Call. 
 
 Boston, Mass., May 2, 1914. 
 On demand I promise to pay John Billings 
 fifty-five dollars for value received. 
 
 , George Call. 
 
 LESSON LXIX 
 
 A Party Invitation. 
 
 Mr. John Smyth requests the pleasure of Mr. 
 G. Kelley's company on Monday afternoon, 
 June twelve, from three to five. 
 
 141 Howe Street, Portland, Maine. 
 
 Acceptance to Same Invitation. 
 
 Mr. George Kelley accepts with pleasure Mr. 
 John Smyth's kind invitation for Monday after- 
 noon, June twelve, from three to five. 
 
 « 
 
 Regret to Same Invitation. 
 
 Mr., George Kelley regrets that owing to 
 urgent business, he is unable to accept Mr. John 
 Smyth's kind invitation for Monday afternoon, 
 June twelve, from three to five. 
 
 169 
 
Invitation to a Wedding. 
 
 Mr. and Mrs. Paul Pendleton 
 
 request your presence 
 
 at the marriage of their daughter 
 
 Elizabeth 
 
 to 
 
 Mr. Robert Small 
 
 on Monday evening, April third, 
 
 at eight o'clock 
 
 Reception from nine to ten 
 
 20 Spring Street Boston, Massachusetts 
 
 Marriage Announcement. 
 
 Mr. Joseph Bliss 
 
 Miss Bertha Young 
 
 Married 
 
 Thursday, September tenth, 1913 
 
 FAMILIAR LETTERS. 
 
 Lewiston, Maine, 
 
 July 8, 1914. 
 Dear Philip : 
 
 Your letter asking me to pay you a visit was 
 received yesterday afternoon. I wrote you in 
 my last letter that I intended to come and see 
 you for a few days, but I find to-day that I 
 shall hav,e to change my plans. My mother was 
 taken ill very suddenly last night, and this will 
 oblige me to postpone my trip for an indefinite 
 time. 
 
 My sister and younger brother have gone to 
 our summer cottage for their vacation. I plan 
 to join them later. 
 
 Your friend, 
 
 Greene. 
 170 
 
Ansonia, Conn., 
 
 July 3, 1914. 
 Dear John: 
 
 About a week ago I sent, you a letter asking 
 you to go to the railroad • station and inquire 
 about our baggage. We have been here for 
 more than a week, and. our trunk has not been 
 brought to us yet. Will you please go and see 
 the baggage-master as soon as you can? I gave 
 my baggage-check to the Agent' while on the 
 train. Enclosed you will find receipt to show to 
 the baggage-master in case he asks for it. 
 
 Mother wants you to come out as soon as 
 you can. 
 
 Alice and I went fishing yesterday afternoon. 
 
 Your brother, 
 
 Peter, 
 
 171 
 
PART IV 
 
 HISTORY AND GOVERNMENT 
 
175 
 
AMERICA. 
 
 My country, 'tis of thee, 
 Sweet land of liberty. 
 
 Of thee I sing; 
 Land where my fathers died, 
 Land of the pilgrims' pride, 
 From every mountain-side 
 
 Let Freedom ring. 
 
 My native country, thee, 
 Land of the noble free, — 
 
 Thy name I love ; 
 I love thy rocks and rills, 
 Thy woods and templed hills, 
 My heart with rapture thrills 
 
 Like that above. 
 
 Let music swell the breeze. 
 And ring from all the trees. 
 
 Sweet Freedom's song; 
 Let mortal tongues awake; 
 Let all that breathe partake ; 
 Let rocks their silence break, - 
 
 The sound prolong. 
 
 Our fathers' God, to Thee, 
 Author of liberty. 
 
 To Thee we sing ; 
 Long may our land be bright 
 With Freedom's holy light; 
 Protect us by Thy might, 
 
 Great God, our King. 
 
 177 
 
LESSON LXX 
 
 SUGGESTIONS FOR THE IMMIGRANT. 
 
 How many of you, before you came to this 
 country, ever asked yotirselves these questions: 
 What am I going to do in America? Do I know 
 very much about America? Are there any op- 
 portunities for work open to me there? How 
 can I get those opportunities? Is there any op- 
 portunity to educate myself and my children? 
 Is there anybody in America to help me, or shall 
 I be left alone to fight my own battles? What 
 form of government does that country have? 
 What is its religion? What are its customs, and 
 its ways of doing things? 
 
 These are some of the questions which men, 
 like you, ought to have asked before coming to 
 this country. But now you are here, you have 
 already come to the United States, and of course 
 the most natural and most necessary thing for 
 you, is to learii something about this country, 
 and to try to answer the above questions. 
 
 Having this in mind, let us try to find out 
 some of the things which you must know if you 
 want to be successful in this country. ' 'Are there 
 any opportunities for work open to me here," 
 is the question which we shall try to answer first. 
 
 This country differs from every other country 
 in that the people of the United States are 
 workers. Their real purpose in this life is to 
 work. Unlike many other lands, the United 
 States has no class distinctions: all people are 
 
 178 
 
equal. Every one has a chance to acquire 
 riches, wealth, and greatness, if he is only in- 
 dustrious, and wishes to rise higher. New terri- 
 tory is being opened up every year. If an im- 
 migrant wishes to become a farmer, he can 
 easily become one, if he takes the trouble to 
 work. Many opportunities are given to immi- 
 grants, and to all Americans, by the government 
 of this nation. The public lands of this country 
 amount to many millions of acres. West of the 
 Mississippi there are great tracts of land. Again, 
 there are lands in Michigan, Louisiana, Florida, 
 and in many other states. The West and the 
 South afford great opportunities to the immi- 
 grant if he wishes to cultivate the land. If he 
 wishes, he can work as a day laborer on a farm, 
 or he can become the owner of a farm. 
 
 Again, the mining districts of the West make 
 it possible for thousands of immigrants to find 
 work and live happily. The coal districts of 
 the United States need laborers who are willing 
 to work. The work on the railroads, so exten- 
 sive in this country, affords even a greater op- 
 portunity. 
 
 These opportunities are found in the interior 
 of the country. If, however, one wishes to stay 
 in the East, where his friends or relatives are, 
 he may do so by getting work in some manu- 
 facttiring city. The large cities of New England, 
 New York, and Pennsylvania, have many 
 factories, such as cotton mills, shoeshops, and 
 paper mills, where laborers are needed. 
 
 Now some one of you may say, "This is all 
 
 179 
 
 12 
 
very well, but how can I get these opportuni- 
 ties?" The answer is very simple. To get these 
 opportunities, you must first be willing to work. 
 As we said before, the people of this country 
 are industrious, and do not have any use for 
 lazy people. You must work if you want to 
 be prosperous. 
 
 The second thing which is necessary if you 
 want to have these opportunities, is to learn the 
 English language. The language is the key to 
 your success. Many immigrants do not like this 
 land, because they do not understand the people 
 of this country. They do not try to learn the^ 
 language, and therefore they do now know what 
 take^ place around them. They cannot talk 
 with the people, and therefore they do not un- 
 derstand them. Ignorance causes hatred. Learn 
 the language, a;nd always try to climb up higher 
 and higher. Do not stay in the mill or factory 
 all your life. Do something else, better, higher. 
 But to do this something which is better and 
 higher, you must learn the English language, in 
 order to understand the people of the country. 
 Do not feel a stranger all your life. Try to get 
 acquainted with people. It is difficult at the 
 beginning, but a little patience will bring better 
 opportunities, and therefore a happier life. 
 Remember, then, that you must be industrious, 
 you must be willing to work, and you must be 
 willing to learn. 
 
 Again, one of you may say, "I am willing to 
 learn, but how can I find the opportunity to 
 learn?" Well, this is an easy matter. Almost 
 
 180 
 
every city or town in this country has an eve- 
 ning school, where people of all races go to learn 
 the English language. You can go to the eve- 
 ning school, too. If you have children, you can 
 send thein to the public schools of your town. 
 The town does not ask any money for this. It 
 only asks you to use the opportunity it gives 
 you to educate your children. Whether you are 
 going to accept this opportunity depends on you. 
 
 Again, every city has a library. In most of 
 the libraries you find all kinds of books, perhaps 
 some in your own language. Get into the habit 
 of going to the library a few times a week. It 
 will help you very much. In the library they 
 have reading rooms, where you can sit down 
 and read the newspaper, or any book. You can 
 take out books to read at home, if you wish. 
 
 Now all of these, the. evening school, the 
 public day schools, and the public libraries, are 
 for the people of the town. You are a paj-t of 
 that town, and have a right to take advantage 
 of these opportunities. If you are not acquainted 
 with these institutions, you had better get 
 acquairited as soon as you can. They will help 
 you very much. Keep going to these places for 
 a year, and you will see the value of them. 
 
 All this helps you to learn the . language, 
 and to know the language means that your 
 work will be easier, and that you can get more 
 money. 
 
 "What form of government does the United 
 States have?" is the next question which we 
 shall try to answer. As this subject will be 
 
 181 
 
treated later, in a separate section, I will tell 
 you only a little about the government here. 
 This country has a republican form of govern- 
 ment. It is a free country, where you can do 
 anything, as long as you do not break the law 
 of the country. If you violate a law, you will 
 be punished in the same way as in any other 
 land. A man can think in his own way, he can 
 express his opinion freely and openly, he can 
 find justice in the courts. 
 
 This nation is governed by laws made by 
 representatives of the people. The President of 
 the United States, the members of Congress, 
 and the governors of all the states, are elected 
 by the people. The people have the right to 
 demand many things from these men. They 
 can change the laws through these men, they 
 can make new laws through the same men. 
 
 A man born in the United States is a citizen 
 of the country; a man not born in the United 
 States can become a citizen through natural- 
 ization. In order to be naturalized, one must 
 have lived in this country for five years, must 
 be industrious, must be of good character, must 
 know the English language a little, and must 
 know how this country is governed. When he 
 becomes a citizen, he has the right to vote, and 
 to hold any office that he may secure through 
 election or appointment. 
 
 "What is the religion of the United States?" 
 is the last question which we shall try to answer. 
 This country has no national religion. You can 
 worship in any way that you think is best, so 
 
 182 
 
long as you do not violate the law of the country. 
 You can be a Protestant or a Catholic, an 
 Orthodox or a Jew. Your difference in religion 
 will not take away the rights and privileges of 
 your citizenship. The people that make the 
 laws of this country are not of the same religion. 
 They have the liberty to think as they see fit. 
 
 183 
 
GEORGE WASHINGTON 
 First President of the United States 
 
 185 
 
LESSON LXXI 
 
 A BRIEF HISTORY OF THE UNITED STATES. 
 
 Until 1492, the country which to-day we call 
 the United States was inhabited by a people 
 called Indians. 
 
 America was discovered in the year 1492 by 
 Christopher Columbus. From this time on 
 until 1607 it was an age of exploration and dis- 
 covery, and permanent settlements in this 
 country were unsuccessful. However, in 1607, 
 an English band came to Virginia, where they 
 founded Jamestown, the first permanent settle- 
 ment. 
 
 In 1620, another band of Englishmen, called 
 the Pilgrims, landed at Plymouth, Massa- 
 chusetts. 
 
 Other settlements were made by the Dutch 
 in New York, but in 1664 they lost their terri- 
 tory to the English. 
 
 Another colony was founded in Pennsylvania 
 by William Penn, in 1682. 
 
 More and more immigrants came into the 
 new country, and thef colonies grew in number 
 and in population. 
 
 Still other settlements were made by the 
 French and Spaniards, who occupied different 
 parts of the country. 
 
 The English people increased in number, and 
 to protect themselves from the Indians, the 
 
 187 
 
French, the Dutch and the Spaniards, they 
 united more and more, until a time came when 
 a little army was raised by the colonists. 
 
 These colonies were governed by the king of 
 England, who exacted heavy taxes from them. 
 The colonies often complained, and refused to 
 be governed by people who were so far from 
 them, and who did not know what was taking 
 place in the colonies. The English monarch, 
 however, paid no attention to these complaints, 
 and, therefore, dissatisfaction grew among the 
 colonists. They refused to pay the heavy taxes 
 which the English government imposed upon 
 them. 
 
 Instead of leaving ofE his cruel treatment, the 
 king of England . imposed even heavier taxes 
 upon the colonies. He taxed them so heavily 
 that their prosperity and welfare were endan- 
 gered. 
 
 While refusing to pay the heavy taxes, the 
 colonists were preparing fof war. They pro- 
 tested against the English measures in vain. 
 At last the Revolutionary War broke out, and 
 in 1776, after one year of fighting, the colonists 
 declared their independence of England. The 
 war lasted about seven years longer, until in 
 1783 a treaty of peace wag signed between Great 
 Britain and the thirteen united colonies. 
 
 The United States was now recognized as an 
 independent nation. Attempts to form a na- 
 tional government were begun. In 1787 a con- 
 stitution was drawn up, which guaranteed the 
 rights and welfare of the people. In 1789 the 
 
 188 
 
Constitution went into effect, and George Wash- 
 ington, a brave soldier and a great general, in 
 the Revolutionary War, was elected the first 
 President of the United States. 
 
 Owing to commercial difficulties, another war 
 broke out in 1812 between Great Britain and 
 the United States, in which the young nation 
 was once more successful. 
 
 In 1814 another treaty of peace was signed 
 between Great Britain and the United States, 
 and since that time the United States has never 
 had a war with the mother-country. 
 
 As we saw above, there were Indians, English, 
 French, and Spaniards scattered all through 
 this country. As time went on, however, the 
 territory held by these nations became the 
 property of the United States, either by purchase 
 or by war. 
 
 The country was now progressing fast, but 
 there was another evil in the country which 
 caused much trouble between the North and 
 the South. The South had negro slaves, and 
 did not wish to part with them, because slavery 
 was of great value to the Southern indusjtries. 
 The North was bitterly opposed to slavery, and 
 in the year 1861, while Abraham Lincoln was 
 president, war broke out between the North and 
 the South. This was the Civil War. It lasted 
 about four years, but finally the North was 
 victorious over the South. 
 
 As a result of the Civil War, slavery was 
 abolished forever. The South united again 
 
 189 
 
with the North, peace was restored, and the 
 country began again a period of prosperity. 
 
 The next war came in 1898, when the United 
 States fought against Spain, in order to free 
 Cuba from Spanish rule. As a result of the 
 Spanish-American War, Cuba was finally de- 
 clared independent, and the United States 
 gained Porto Rico, Guam, and the Philippine 
 Islands. 
 
 About the same time the United States an- 
 nexed Hawaii. 
 
 To-day the United States of America is com- 
 posed of 48 states, extending from the Atlantic 
 Ocean to the Pacific Ocean, and from Canada 
 to Mexico. It also includes Alaska, the Philip- 
 pine Islands, Guam, and the territories of Hawaii 
 and Porto Rico. 
 
 To see how a country, such as the United 
 States, is governed, is an interesting thing. In 
 the following pages we shall see how the United 
 States of America is governed, and how it makes 
 the laws necessary for the welfare and pros- 
 perity of its own citizens. 
 
 190 
 
ABRAHAM LINCOLN 
 
 191 
 
LESSON LXXII 
 
 THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT. 
 
 After the English colonies had declared their 
 independence, the most natural and most neces- 
 sary thing was to form some kind of government 
 which would guarantee the rights and welfare of 
 the people. 
 
 With this purpose in mind, a number of leading 
 men met to discuss the future government of 
 the new nation. It was not an easy thing to 
 establish a government, for the states would not 
 give up their rights to the National Government. 
 After a long -discussion, however, they came to 
 an agreement, and the new Constitution was 
 drawn up, and in a very short time it went 
 into effect. 
 
 In this Constitution, as you will see in the 
 diagram below, provision was made for a legis- 
 lative branch, an executive branch, and a judi- 
 cial branch. 
 
 In brief we shall see what are the duties and 
 powers of each branch. 
 
 NAT/ONAL 
 
 /. SEliATE. 
 
 ■^zmmwmmmm^ 
 
 I. SECRETARr OF STATE 
 
 GOVeRNMEN ') 
 
 I 
 
 Z. SECRETARY OF TREASURY 
 
 i. SECRETARY OF INTERIOR 
 
 A. ATTORNEY- GrENERAL 
 
 S. SECkETARY OF WAR 
 
 b. SECRETARY OR NAVY 
 
 7. POSTMASTER GENERAL 
 
 6.SECRETARY OF AGRICULTURE 
 
 e. SECRETARY OF LABOR 
 
 \O.SECRETARY OFCOMMfRCS 
 
 5 
 
 r 
 
 COURTS 
 
 AND 
 
 JUDGES 
 
 192 
 
THE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH. 
 
 All the laws of the nation are made by the 
 Congress of the United States, which is com- 
 posed of a House of Representatives and a 
 Senate, or of the Lower House and "the Upper 
 House. 
 
 HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 The members of the House of Representatives 
 are elected every two years by the people of the 
 different states. 
 
 To be elected a member of the House of Repre- 
 sentatives, a man must be over twenty-five 
 years old, must have been a citizen of the United 
 States for seven years, and must be an inhabitant 
 of the Stateln which he is elected. Each member 
 of the Lower House represents the district of 
 the State from which he is elected. 
 
 The number of representatives from each 
 State is determined by the population of that 
 State. For about every 200,000 people there is 
 one representative. In a State of 800,000 
 people, there are four members in the House of 
 Representatives. 
 
 THE SENATE. 
 
 The members of the Senate are elected for six 
 years by direct vote of the people in the States. 
 
 To be elected a member of the Senate, a man 
 must be over thirty years of age, must have 
 been nine years a citizen of Mie United States, 
 and must be an inhabitant of the State from 
 which he is elected. 
 
 193 
 
There are two Senators from every State of 
 the Union. These two Senators represent the 
 State as a whole, and not any district in the 
 State. 
 
 The Senate has the power to try all impeach- 
 ments, that is, try all persons who during their 
 term of office do not perform their duty accord- 
 ing to the law. 
 
 POWERS AND DUTIES OF CONGRESS. 
 
 1. Congress has the power to collect taxes and 
 duties to pay the debts and proyidfe for the 
 general welfare of the United States. 
 
 2. Congress has the power to borrow money 
 on the credit of the United States. 
 
 3. Congress has the power to regulate com- 
 merce with foreign nations and among the several 
 States. 
 
 4. Congress has the power to establish a uni- 
 form rule of naturalization. 
 
 5. Congress has the power to coin money and 
 regulate its value. 
 
 6. Congress has the power to establish post- 
 offices and post-roads. . 
 
 7. Congress has the power to declare war. 
 
 8. Congress has the power to raise and sup- 
 port armies, and to provide for a navy. 
 
 9. Congress has t*he power to provide for call- 
 ing forth the militia to execute the laws of the 
 Union, and to put down insurrections and in- 
 vasions. 
 
 194 
 
LESSON LXXIII 
 
 THE EXECUTIVE BRANCH. 
 
 The executive power is vested in a President 
 of the United States. 
 
 The President of the United States is elected 
 for four years. 
 
 The President of the United States is elected 
 indirectly by the people. The people of each 
 State choose a number of electors, equal to the 
 whole number of Senators and Representatives 
 in that State. These electors elect the Presi- 
 dent of the United States. 
 
 To become a President of the United States, 
 a man must be! a native-born citizen, must be 
 thirty-five years of age, and must have been 
 fourteen years a resident within the United 
 States. 
 
 There is also a -Vice-President of the United 
 States, who is elected for four years, and who 
 is elected in the same way as the President of 
 the United States. 
 
 In case of removal of the President of the 
 United States from office, the Vice-President 
 takes up the duties of the President until a new 
 Executive is elected. 
 
 POWERS AND DUTIES OF THE PRESIDENT. 
 
 The President is commander-in-chief of the 
 Army and the Navy of the United States, and 
 of the militia of the several States. 
 
 He presides and has control over the executive 
 departments. 
 
 195 
 
He appoints the members of the cabinet. 
 
 The cabinet is composed of the following : 
 
 The Secretary of the State Department. 
 
 The Secretary of the Treasury Department. 
 
 The Attorney-General. 
 
 The Secretary of the Interior Department. 
 
 The Secretary of the War Department. 
 
 The Secretary of the Navy Department. 
 
 The Postmaster-General. 
 
 The Secretary of the Agricultural Department. 
 
 The Secretary of Labor. 
 
 The Secretary of Commerce. 
 
 The President has the power, with the con- 
 sent of the. Senate, to make treaties, to appoint 
 ambassadors, public ministers, consuls, and the 
 Judges of the Supreme Court. 
 
 He has the power to pardon. 
 
 The President signs the bills that are passed 
 by Congress. 
 
 It is the duty of the President to inform Con- 
 gress of the condition of the Union. 
 
 The President has the power to recommend 
 measures to Congress. 
 
 He may convene both Houses. 
 
 He receives ambassadors and public ministers. 
 
 It is the duty of the President to see that the 
 laws are faithfully executed. 
 
 HOW A BILL BECOMES A LAW. 
 
 A bill, in order to become a law, must be 
 passed by the House of Representatives and the 
 Senate, and then must be signed by the Presi- 
 
 196 
 
dent of the United States. If the bill is vetoed 
 by the President, it goes back to the Houses for 
 reconsideration. If, after reconsideration, the 
 bill be passed by two-thirds of each House, it 
 becomes a law without the signature of the 
 President. If the bill is not returned by the 
 President within ten days after it is presented 
 to him, it becomes a law in the same way as if 
 he had signed it. 
 
 LESSON LXXIV 
 
 THE JUDICIAL BRANCH. 
 
 The judicial power is vested in one Supreme 
 Court, and in other inferior courts which Con- 
 gress may establish from time to time. 
 
 The judges are appointed, to office by the 
 President of the United States with the consent 
 of the Senate. 
 
 The judges hold their offices only during good 
 behavior. 
 
 DUTIES AND POWERS OF THE SUPREME 
 COURT. 
 
 The Judicial Branch has the power to inter- 
 pret the Constitution and the laws of the United 
 States. 
 
 It has the power to settle controversies be- 
 tween the United States and a State; between 
 two or more States ; between a State and citizens 
 of another State; between citizens of different 
 States; between a State and foreign States. 
 
 197 
 
MISCELLANEOUS. 
 
 No title of nobility is granted by the United 
 States. 
 
 The President, the Vice-President, and all 
 persons who hold office under the government 
 of the United States, shall be removed from 
 office on impeachment for treason, bribery, or 
 other high crimes and misdemeanors. 
 
 The trial of all crimes shall be by a jury. 
 
 If a person who is charged in any State with 
 a crime and who flees from justice, is found in 
 another State, he shall, on demand of the State 
 from which he escaped, be delivered up to be 
 removed to the State where he committed the 
 crime. 
 
 No religious test shall ever be required as a 
 qualification to any office or public trust under 
 the United State.s. 
 
 The citizens of each State are entitled to all 
 the privileges of citizens in the several States. 
 
 198 
 
LESSON LXV 
 
 THE STATE GOVERNMENT. 
 
 There are forty-eight States in the Union. 
 Each State makes its own laws; each State has 
 laws which guarantee the rights and welfare of 
 its own people. Every State, however, is for- 
 bidden to do certain things which fall within the 
 power of the National Government. Some of 
 these things are : 
 
 That no State shall be allowed to make 
 treaties or to coin money ; 
 
 That no State shall, without the consent of 
 Congress, lay any duties on imports or exports. 
 
 That no State shall, without the consent of 
 Congress, keep troops or ships of waf in time of 
 peace. 
 
 That no State shall enter into an agreement 
 with another State or with a foreign power. 
 
 That no State shall engage in war, unless 
 actually invaded, or when there is a great danger. 
 
 Outside of these restrictions, the plan of the 
 State government is not different from that of 
 the National Government, as you will see in the 
 diagram below. Each State provides for a 
 
 
 
 ST/^TE GOV£r/=?/S/A/*£-A/7- | 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 SECRETARY OF STATE 
 
 1 
 
 
 STATE TREASURER 
 
 ^ 
 
 /. SEfiATE 
 
 COURTS 
 
 
 
 i^ 
 
 AUDITOR OF STATE 
 
 fiiND 
 
 '"'i 
 
 i.mBiwi0mmmEs 
 
 1 
 
 ATTORNEY GENERAL 
 
 1 
 
 JUDOES 
 
 i 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 
 
 ETC. 
 
 
 199 
 
legislative branch, an executive branch, and a 
 judicial branch. 
 
 THE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH. 
 
 The laws of a State are made by the Legislature 
 of that State, which consists of two houses, the 
 Senate and the House of Representatives, or 
 the Upper House and the Lower House. 
 
 To be elected a member of the Legislature, 
 a man must be a citizen of the United States. 
 
 The members of the State . Legislature are 
 elected by direct vote of the people of that 
 State. 
 
 THE EXECUTIVE BRANCH. 
 
 The head of the State is the governor. 
 
 The governor is elected by the people of the 
 State. 
 
 The term of office varies from one to four 
 years. 
 
 POWERS AND DUTIES OF THE GOVERNOR. 
 
 The governor of the State is the commander- 
 in-chief of the State militia. 
 
 It is the duty of the governor to see that the 
 laws of the State are faithfully executed. 
 
 He has the power to pardon. 
 
 He has the power to appoint and remove cer- 
 tain officers in the State. 
 
 In the different States, there are departments, 
 commissions, and bureaus, the officers of which 
 in most States are elected by the people. 
 
 200 
 
Some of the officers are: 
 
 The Secretary of State. 
 
 The Treasurer of the State. 
 
 The Auditor of the State. 
 
 The Attorney-General. 
 
 The State Superintendent of Schools. 
 
 •HOW A BILL BECOMES A LAW. 
 
 A bill, in order to become a law, must be 
 passed by the State legislature, and then must 
 be signed by the Governor of the State. If the 
 bill is not signed by the governor, it goes back 
 to the legislature for reconsideration. If, after 
 reconsideration, the bill is passed by two-thirds 
 of each House, it then becomes a law without 
 the signature of the governor. 
 
 THE JUDICIAL BRANCH. 
 
 The States provide for courts of various kinds, 
 where the people may find justice. 
 
 The justices' courts are the lowest courts, 
 where petty cases are tried. 
 
 The district courts are higher courts, where 
 a jury trial is found always. 
 
 There are also county courts, where important 
 cases are tried. 
 
 A Supreme Court is found in each State, 
 usually located in the State capital. The cases 
 tried before this court are of great importance. . 
 
 In many States to-day, the judges are elected 
 by the people; in others, they are appointed by 
 the legislature, and in still others, they are ap- 
 pointed by the governor. 
 
 201 
 
LESSON LXXVI 
 
 CITY GOVERNMENT. 
 
 We have seen how the nation is governed; we 
 have also seen how a State is .governed. Now 
 we shall see how a city is governed. 
 
 A city receives its rights to govern itself from 
 the State in which it is located. The State 
 grants a charter to ,the city, but may change it 
 or withdraw it at any time. 
 
 Again, the plan of the city government is not 
 different from that of the National Government, 
 or from that of the State Government. _ 
 
 As' you will see in the diagram below, in every 
 city there is a legislative branch, an executive 
 branch, and a judicial branch. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Cirr GOVERNMENT 1 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 TREASURY DEPARTMENT 
 
 1 
 
 s 
 
 
 FIRE DEPARTMENT 
 
 ^ 
 
 BOAHDOFALDEIfMEN 
 
 HEAL TH DEPARTMENT 
 
 COURTS 
 
 1 
 
 
 1 
 
 POLICE DEPARTMENT 
 
 AND 
 
 STREET DEPARTMENT 
 
 i3 
 
 COMMONCOUNCIL 
 
 ft 
 
 BOARD OF PUBLIC WORKS 
 
 JUDGE.S 
 
 
 S 
 
 SCHOOL BOARD 
 
 *? 
 
 
 Etc. 
 
 THE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH. 
 
 The laws of a city are made by the legislature 
 of that city, which consists of the Council. This 
 Council is sometimes divided into two bodies, 
 the Board of Aldermen, or the Upper House, 
 and the Common Council, or the Lower House. 
 
 The members of the legislature are elected 
 by the people of the city. The city is divided 
 
 202 
 
into wards. The people in each ward elect their 
 own members to represent them in the Council. 
 The Council has the power to arrange the ex- 
 penses and the taxation of the city; it has the 
 power to grant privileges and rights to private 
 corporations and companies. 
 
 THE EXECUTIVE BRANCH. 
 
 The head of the city is the Mayor. 
 
 The Mayor is elected by the people. 
 
 His term of office varies in different cities. 
 
 It is the duty of the Mayor to enforce the law. 
 
 He has the power to appoint and remove cer- 
 tain officers of the city. 
 
 In a city, there are departments, which carry 
 on the business of the city. 
 
 In some cities, the members of these depart- 
 ments are elected by the people, in others they 
 are appointed by the Mayor, and in still others 
 they are appointed by the Council. 
 
 Some of the departments are: 
 
 The Treasury Department. 
 
 The Fire Department. 
 
 The Health Department. 
 
 The Police Department. 
 
 The Street Department. 
 
 The 'Board of PubHc Works. 
 
 The School Board. 
 
 THE JUDICIAL BRANCH. 
 
 The Judicial Branch of a city consists of 
 police courts, of justices' courts, and of superior 
 courts. 
 
 203 
 
Under the Judicial Branch of the State 
 Government we saw how the judges of these 
 courts are elected, and what their duties are. 
 
 LESSON LXXVII 
 
 FACTS ABOUT NATURALIZATION. 
 
 Aliens, being free white persons, and aliens of 
 African descent, have the privilege of becoming 
 citizens of the United States of America. 
 
 Chinese cannot become citizens of the United 
 States. 
 
 A man wishing to become an American citizen 
 may do so by applying either to the United 
 States district court, or to the State courts. 
 
 An alien may be admitted to become a citizen 
 of the United States in the following way: 
 
 Two years before his admission to citizenship, 
 an alien must declare his intention to become a 
 citizen of the United States. 
 
 He must have reached the age of eighteen 
 years at the time of his declaration of intention. 
 
 He must renounce forever all allegiance and 
 fidelity to any foreign king or ruler, and especial- . 
 ly must renounce allegiance to the ruler o*f whom 
 he is a subject. 
 
 He must not be a disbehever in organized 
 government. 
 
 He must not be a polygamist. 
 
 He must declare on oath that he will support 
 the Constitution of the United States. 
 
 204 
 
He must have resided continuously within 
 the United States for five years. 
 
 He must have resided at least one year within 
 the State in which the application is made. 
 
 He must show that during this time he has 
 behaved as a man of good moral character, and 
 that he has supported the Constitution of the 
 United States. 
 
 He must bring before the cotirt two witnesses, 
 citizens of the United States, to show that he 
 has resided in the United States five years, and 
 that he has behaved as a man of good moral 
 character. 
 
 He must renounce, if he has any, all titles of 
 nobility. 
 
 He must be able to speak the English language 
 at the time of his final application for citizen- 
 ship. 
 
 He must pay the sum of one dollar for receiv- 
 ing the declaration of intention. 
 
 He must pay the sum of four dollars for re- 
 ceiving the final certificate of citizenship. 
 
 Persons who shall falsely make, forge, or 
 counterfeit, or cause to be falsely made, forged, 
 or counterfeited, or shall knowingly aid in falsely 
 making, forging, or counterfeiting any certificate 
 of citizenship, with intent to use the same, or 
 with the intent that the same may be used by 
 some other person, shall be fined not more than 
 ten thousand dollars, or imprisoned not more 
 than ten years, or both. 
 
 If, within five years after the issuance of his 
 certificate of citizenship, a naturalized citizen 
 
 205 
 
returns to his native land or goes to any other 
 foreign country and takes permanent residence 
 there, it shall be considered as an evidence of a 
 lack of intention on the part of such citizen to 
 become a permanent citizen of the United 
 States, and therefore his certificate of citizen- 
 ship may be cancelled. 
 
 LESSON LXXVIII 
 
 HOW TO OBTAIN THE DECLARATION OF 
 
 INTENTION PAPER, OR THE "FIRST 
 
 PAPER." 
 
 You may take out your "first paper" any 
 time after you land in this country. 
 
 No questions are asked when you take out 
 your "first paper." 
 
 To obtain your "first paper," you do not need 
 to know the English language. 
 
 No witnesses are needed for obtaining the 
 "first paper." 
 
 Read carefully the form below, and under- 
 stand it thoroughly before applying for the 
 declaration of intention paper. 
 
 DECLARATION OF INTENTION. 
 
 (Invalid for all purposes seven years after 
 the date hereof.) 
 
 , ss : 
 
 I, , aged years, occupa- 
 tion , do declare on oath (affirm) that my 
 
 206 
 
personal description is: Color , complex- 
 ion .;...., height . . . . , weight , color of 
 
 hair , color of eyes , other visible 
 
 distinctive marks ; I was born in 
 
 on the day of , anno Domini ; 
 
 I now reside at ; I emigrated to the United 
 
 States of America from . .... .on the vessel... . . . ; 
 
 my last foreign residence was It is my 
 
 bona fide intention to renounce forever all alle- 
 giance and fidelity to any foreign prince, poten- 
 tate, state, or sovereignty, and particularly , 
 
 to , of which I am now a citizen (subject) ; 
 
 I arrived at the (port) of , in the State 
 
 (Territory or District) of , on or about the 
 
 day of , anno Domini ; I am 
 
 not an anarchist; I am not a polygamist nor a 
 believer in the practice of polygamy; and it is 
 my ifttention in good faith to become a citizen 
 of the United States of America and to perma- 
 nently reside therein. So help me God. 
 
 (Original signature of declarant) 
 
 Subscribed and sworn to (affirmed) .before 
 
 me this day of , anno Domini 
 
 [L.S.] , 
 
 (Official character of attestor.) 
 
 HOW TO OBTAIN THE CERTIFICATE OF CITI- 
 ZENSHIP, OR THE "SECOND PAPER." 
 
 To obtain your "second paper," you must 
 have lived in this country five years and must 
 have lived at least one year in the State in which 
 you make yoiir application. 
 
 Two years must pass between the date of the 
 
 207 
 
"first paper," and the date of the "second 
 paper." The first paper becomes invalid seven 
 years after the date on which it was obtained. 
 
 Take with you two witnesses who are citizens 
 of the United States, and who know you well. 
 In court, they will testify as to yoiu: moral 
 character, your support of the Constitution of 
 the United States, and the number of years 
 that you have lived in this country. 
 
 To obtain your "second paper," you must be 
 .able to speak the English language, and must 
 know how the coimtry is governed. 
 
 If you do not know the date of your arrival in 
 the United States, write to the Commissioner 
 of Immigration for such information. 
 
 Read- carefully the form below, and imder- 
 stand it thoroughly, before applying for natural- 
 ization. 
 
 PETITION FOR NATURALIZATION. 
 
 . . . .Court of 
 
 In the matter of the petition of 
 
 to be admitted as a citizen of the United States 
 
 of America. 
 
 To the Court: 
 
 The petition of respectfully shows: 
 
 First. My full name is 
 
 Second. My place of residence is number 
 street, city of , State (Terri- 
 tory or District) of 
 
 Third. My occupation is 
 
 Fourth. I was born on the day of 
 
 at 
 
 208 
 
Fifth. I emigrated to the United States from 
 
 , on or about the day of , 
 
 anno Domini , and arrived at the port of 
 
 , in the United States, on the vessel 
 
 Sixth. I declared my intention to become a 
 citizen of the United States on the day of 
 
 . . . . , at , in the court of 
 
 Seventh. I am. . . .married. My wife's name 
 
 is She was bom in and now 
 
 resides at I have children, and 
 
 the name, date, and place of birth and place of 
 residence of each of said children is as follows: 
 
 » t 
 
 Eighth. I am not a disbeliever in or opposed 
 to organized government or a member of or 
 affiliated with any organization or body of per- 
 sons teaching disbelief in organized government. 
 I am not a polygamist nor a believer in the 
 practice of polygamy. I am attached to the 
 principles of the Constitution of the United 
 States, and it is my intention to become a citizen 
 of the United States and to renounce absolutely 
 and forever all allegiance and fidelity to any 
 foreign prince, potentate, state, or sovereignty, 
 
 and particularly to , of which at this time 
 
 I am a citizen (or subject), and it is my intention 
 to reside permanently in the United States. 
 
 Ninth. I am able to speak the English 
 language. 
 
 Tenth. I have resided continuously in the 
 United States of America for a term of five 
 years at least immediately preceding the date 
 of this petition, to wit, since , anno Domini 
 
 209 
 
, and in the State (Territory or District) 
 
 of for one year at least next preceding the 
 
 date of this petition, to wit, since day of 
 
 , anno Domini 
 
 Eleventh. I have not heretofore made peti- 
 tion for citizenship to any court. (I made peti- 
 tion for citizenship to the court of 
 
 at ....... , and the said petition was denied by 
 
 the said court for the following reasons and 
 
 causes, to wit, , and the cause of 
 
 such denial has since been cured or removed.) 
 
 Attached hereto and made a part of this peti- 
 tion are my declaration of intention to become 
 a citizen of the United States and the certifi- 
 cate from the Department of Commerce and 
 Labor required by law. Wherefore your peti- 
 tioner prays that he may be admitted a citizen 
 of the United States of America. 
 
 Dated 
 
 (Signature of petitioner) 
 
 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS ON REQUIRE- 
 MENTS FOR ADMISSION TO AMERICAN 
 CITIZENSHIP. 
 
 I 
 
 GENERAL QUESTIONS. 
 
 1. What is the name of this country? 
 
 The name of this country is the United States 
 of America. 
 
 2. Who were the Indians? 
 
 The Indians were the people who lived in this 
 country before Columbus discovered it. 
 
 210 
 
3. When was America discovered? 
 America was discovered in 1492. 
 
 4. Who discovered America? 
 Christopher Columbus discovered America. 
 
 5. When was the first English settlement 
 made in this country? 
 
 In 1607. A band of Englishmen came to 
 Virginia, where they founded Janiestown. 
 
 6. What were the thirteen original colonies? 
 The thirteen original colonies we!re New 
 
 Hampshire, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Con- 
 necticut, New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, 
 Delaware, Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina, 
 South Carolina, and Georgia. 
 
 7. How were these colonies governed? 
 These colonies became subject to Great Brit- 
 ain, and were governed by the King of England. 
 
 '8. How were the. colonies treated by the 
 English government? 
 
 They were not treated very well, and on ac- 
 count of taxation without representation, they 
 revolted against England. Wa,r was declared, 
 commonly called the Revolutionary War. 
 
 9. What was the result of the Revolutionary 
 War? 
 
 The result was that on the Fourth of July, 
 1776, the colonies declared their independence, 
 and formed a separate nation. 
 
 10. How was this nation governed then? 
 At first, each colony had its own government, 
 
 but in 1787 all the colonies met and drew up a 
 Constitution, jmd in 1789 the first Congress met, 
 and the first President was elected. 
 
 211 
 
 14 
 
1 1 . Who was the first President of the United 
 States? 
 
 George Washington was the first President of 
 the United States. 
 
 12. What is a Constitution? 
 
 A Constitution is the fundamental law which 
 establishes the different branches of the govern- 
 ment and which defines the powers and duties 
 of each branch. 
 
 13. Who was Abraham Lincoln? 
 Abraham Lincoln was President of the United 
 
 States dtiring the Civil War, in 1861. 
 
 14. What did he do for his country? 
 
 He helped abolish slavery in this country. 
 
 15. When was the Spanish-American War? 
 The Spanish-American War was in 1898. 
 
 16. How many States are there in the Union? 
 There are forty-eight States in the Union. 
 
 17. What other territory does the United 
 States include? 
 
 It includes Alaska, the Philippine Islands, 
 Guam, and the territories of Hawaii and Porto 
 Rico. 
 
 18. What is the capital of the United States? 
 The capital of the IFnited States is Washing- 
 ton, D. C, 
 
 19. What is the population of the United 
 States? 
 
 The population of the United States is about 
 one hundred million people. 
 
 20. What kind of government do we have in 
 the United States? 
 
 We have a Republican form of government. 
 
 212 
 
21. What is a Republic? 
 
 A Republic is a country in which the people 
 rule by means of representatives. 
 
 22. What are the colors of the American 
 flag? . 
 
 The colors are red, white and blue. 
 
 23. Describe the American flag. 
 
 The American flag has 48 stars, which means 
 that there are forty-eight States in the Union. 
 There is one star for each State. The flag also 
 has thirteen stripes, alternate red and white, 
 representing the thirteen original colonies which 
 declared. themselves free from England. 
 
 II 
 
 NATIONAL GOVERNMENT— CONGRESS. 
 THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 1. Into how many branches does the Con- 
 stitution divide the government of the United 
 States? 
 
 The Constitution divides the governn::ient of 
 the United States into three branches, the Legis- 
 lative, the Executive, and the Judicial. 
 
 2. Who makes the laws for the United States? 
 Congress makes the laws for the United States. 
 
 3. What is Congress? 
 
 Congress is composed of the Senate and the 
 House of Representatives. 
 
 4. Where does Congress meet? 
 Congress meets in Washington, D. C. 
 
 5. Who elects the members of the House of 
 Representatives ? 
 
 213 
 
^The people of each State elect the members 
 of the House of Representatives. 
 
 6. For how long are they elected? 
 They are elected for two years. 
 
 7. What are. the qualifications for a Repre- 
 sentative? 
 
 He must be twenty-five years old, must be 
 seven years a citizen of the United States, and 
 must be, when elected, an inhabitant of the 
 State in which he is elected. 
 
 8. Whom do the members of the House of 
 Representatives represent? 
 
 They represent the district of the State from 
 .which they are elected. 
 
 9. How many Representatives are there from 
 each State? 
 
 The number of Representatives is determined 
 by the population of the State. For about 
 200,000 people, there is one Representative. 
 From a State of 840,000 people, there are four 
 members in the House of Representatives at 
 Washington. 
 
 10. How many Representatives are there 
 from the State in which you live? 
 
 (Lookup.) 
 
 11. What is the name of the Representative 
 from your district? 
 
 (Look up.) 
 
 THE SENATE. 
 
 12. For how long are the members of the 
 Senate elected? 
 
 The members of the Senate are elected for 
 six years. 
 
 214 
 
13. Who elects the Senators of the United 
 States? 
 
 The people of ea,ch State elect the Senators. 
 
 14. What are the qualifications for a Senator? 
 A Senator must be over thirty years of age, 
 
 must be nine years a citizen of the United States, 
 and must be an inhabitant of the State from 
 which he is elected. 
 
 15. How many Senators are there from each 
 State? 
 
 There are two Senators from each State. 
 
 16. Whom do the Senators represent? 
 
 The Senators represent the State as a whole, 
 and not any district in the State. 
 
 17. What are the names of the Senators 
 from your State? 
 
 (Look up.) 
 
 18. What are some of the powers and duties 
 of Congress? 
 
 Congress has the power to collect taxes and 
 duties to pay the debts and provide for the 
 general welfare of the United States. 
 
 Congress has the power to borrow money on 
 the credit of the United States. 
 
 Congress has the power to coin money. 
 
 Congress has the power to declare war. 
 
 Congress has the power to raise and support 
 armies, and to provide for a navy. 
 
 215 
 
Ill 
 
 THE EXECUTIVE. 
 
 1. Who is the head of the United States? 
 The President is the head of the United States. 
 
 2. For how long is the President of the 
 United States elected? 
 
 The President of the United States is elected 
 for four years. 
 
 3. How is the President elected? • 
 The President is elected indirectly by the 
 
 people. The people of each State choose a 
 number of electors equal to the number of 
 Senators and Representatives from that State. 
 These electors elect the President of the United 
 States. 
 
 4. What are the qualifications for a President 
 of the United States? 
 
 He must be a native-born citizen, must be 
 thirty-five years of age, and must have been 
 fourteen years a resident within the United 
 States. 
 
 5. How is the Vice-President of the United 
 States elected? 
 
 He is elected in the same way as the President. 
 He is elected for four years. 
 
 6. In case of removal of the President from 
 office, who takes his place? 
 
 The Vice-President takes up the duties of the 
 President until a new Executive is elected. 
 
 7. What are some of the powers and duties 
 of the President of the United States? 
 
 216 
 
The President is the commander-in<;hief of 
 the army and the navy of the United States. 
 
 It is the duty of the President to see that the 
 laws are faithfully executed. 
 
 The President signs the bills that are passed 
 by Congress. 
 
 The President has the power, with the consent 
 of the Senate, to make treaties, appoint ambas- 
 sadors, consuls, and judges. 
 
 The President has the power to pardon. 
 
 8. How does a bill become a law? 
 
 A bill, in order to become a law, must be passed 
 by the House of Representatives and the Senate, 
 and then must be signed by the President of the 
 United States. If the bill is vetoed by the 
 President, it goes back to the Houses for re- 
 consideration. If, after reconsideration, the bill 
 is passed by two-thirds of each House, it be- 
 comes a law without the signature of the Presi- 
 dent. If the bill is not returned by the President 
 within ten days after it is presented to him, it 
 becomes a law in the same way as if he had 
 signed it. 
 
 9. What is the Cabinet? 
 
 The Cabinet is composed of the heads of the 
 Executive departments. 
 
 10. How are the members of the Cabinet 
 selected? 
 
 The members of the Cabinet are appointed 
 by the President, with the consent of the 
 Senate. 
 
 11. Name the Executive departtnents. 
 Department of State. Has charge of foreign 
 
 affairs. 
 
 217 
 
DepaTtment of Justice. Has charge of legal 
 affairs. 
 
 Department of War. Has charge of the army 
 and military affairs. 
 
 Navy Department. Has charge of the navy 
 and of naval affairs. 
 
 Treasury Department. Has charge of fiscal 
 affairs. 
 
 Postoffice Department. Has charge of postal 
 affairs. . • 
 
 Department of the Interior. Has charge of 
 domestic affairs. 
 
 Department of Agriculture. Has charge of 
 agricilltiiral affairs. 
 
 Department of Commerce. Has charge of 
 commerce. 
 
 Department of Labor. Has charge of im- 
 migration and labor. 
 
 12. Who is the present Secretary of State? 
 (Look up.) 
 
 13. Who is the present Secretary of Labor? 
 (Look up.) 
 
 14. Who is the present Commissioner of Im- 
 migration? 
 
 (Look up.) 
 
 15. Who is the President of the United States 
 now? 
 
 (Look up.) 
 
 16. Who is the Vice-President? 
 (Look up.) 
 
 17. How many parties are there now in the 
 United States? 
 
 (Look up.) 
 
 218 
 
18. To what party does the present President 
 of the United States belong? 
 
 (Look up.) 
 
 19. Can you name the candidates of the 
 other parties? 
 
 (Look up.) 
 
 20. What does each party stand for? 
 (Look up.) 
 
 IV 
 
 THE JUDICIARY. 
 
 1. Who interprets the laws of the United 
 States? 
 
 The Supreme Court and other inferior courts 
 which Congress may establish, interpret the 
 laws. 
 
 2. How many members are there in the Su- 
 preme Court? 
 
 Nine. One Chief Justice, and eight Associate 
 Justices. 
 
 3. How are the Judges of the Supreme 
 Court elected? 
 
 They are appointed by the President of the 
 United States. 
 
 4. For how long are they appointed? 
 They are appointed for life, provided they are 
 
 competent. 
 
 V 
 
 STATE GOVERNMENT. 
 
 1. Into how many branches does the State 
 divide its government? 
 
 The State divides its government into three 
 
 219 
 
branches, the Legislative branch, the Executive 
 branch, and the Judicial branch. 
 
 2. Who makes the laws for the State? 
 
 The State Legislature makes the laws for the 
 State. 
 
 3.' What is the State Legislature? 
 
 Tlie State Legislature is composed of the 
 Senate, or Upper House, and the House of 
 Representatives, or Lower House. 
 
 4. What are the qualifications for a member 
 of the State Legislature? 
 
 He must be a citizen of the United States. 
 
 5. How are the members of the State Legis- 
 lature elected? 
 
 They are elected by the people of each State. 
 
 6. Who is the head of the State? 
 The Governor is the head of the State. 
 
 7. How is the Governor elected? 
 The Governor is elected by the people. 
 
 8. For how long is the Governor elected? 
 The term of office varies from one to four 
 
 years. 
 
 9. What are some of the powers and duties 
 of the Governor? 
 
 The Governor is the Commander-in-Chief of 
 the State militia. 
 
 It is the duty of the Governor to see that the 
 laws of the State are faithfully executed. 
 
 The Governor has the power to pardon. 
 
 10. Who is the present Governor of the State 
 in which you live? 
 
 (Look up.) 
 
 220 
 
11. What is the capital of the State in which 
 you Uve? 
 
 (Look up.) 
 
 12. What is the population of the State in 
 which you live? 
 
 (Look up.) 
 
 13. What is the name of the County in which 
 you live? 
 
 (Look up.) 
 
 VI 
 
 CITY GOVERNMENT. 
 
 1. Who gives the right to the city to govern 
 itself? 
 
 The State Legislature grants to the city a 
 charter which gives it the power to govern itself. 
 
 2. Who makes the laws for the city? 
 
 The City Legislature, or the Council, makes 
 the laws. This Legislature is composed of the 
 Board of Aldermen, or the Upper House, and 
 of the Common Cotincil, or the Lower House. 
 
 3. How are the members of the Council 
 elected? 
 
 They are elected by the people. Each city 
 is divided into wards. The people in each ward 
 elect their own members to represent them in 
 the CoTincil. 
 
 4. What are some of the powers and duties 
 of the Cotmcil? 
 
 The Council has the power to arrange the ex- 
 penses and taxation of the city. 
 
 221 
 
It has the power to grant privileges and rights 
 to private corporations and companies. 
 
 5. Who is the head of the city? 
 The Mayor is the head of the city. 
 
 6. How is the Mayor elected? 
 The Mayor is elected by the people. 
 
 7. What are some of the powers and duties 
 of the Mayor? 
 
 It is the duty of the Mayor to see that the 
 laws of the city are faithfully executed. 
 
 The Mayor appoints and removes certain 
 officers in the city. 
 
 The Mayor has the supervision of the city 
 departments. 
 
 8. Name some of the city departments. 
 The Treasury Department. 
 
 The Fire Department. 
 
 The Health Department, (or Board of Health). 
 
 The Police Department. 
 
 The Street Department. 
 
 The Board of Public Works. 
 
 The School Board. 
 
 222 
 
PRESIDENTS OF THE UNITED STATES. 
 
 Name Year 
 
 1. George Washington 1789 
 
 2. John Adams 1797 
 
 3. Thomas Jefferson 1801 
 
 4. James Madison 1809 
 
 5. James Monroe 1817 
 
 6. John Quincy Adams 1825 
 
 7. Andrew Jackson 1829 
 
 8. Martin Van Buren 1837 
 
 9. WiUiam H. Harrison 1841 
 
 10. John Tyler 1841 
 
 11. James K. Polk 1845 
 
 12. Zachary Taylor 1849 
 
 13. Millard Fillmore 1850 
 
 14. Franklin Pierce 1853 
 
 15. James Buchanan 1857 
 
 16. Abraham Lincoln 1861 
 
 17. Andrew Johnson 1865 
 
 18. Ulysses S. Grant 1869 
 
 19. Rutherford B. Hayes 1877 
 
 20. James A. Garfield 1881 
 
 21. Chester A. Arthur 1881 
 
 22. Grover Cleveland 1885 
 
 23. Benjamin Harrison 1889 
 
 24. Grover Cleveland 1893 
 
 25. William McKinley 1897 
 
 26. Theodore Roosevelt 1901 
 
 27. Wmiam H. Taft 1909 
 
 28. Woodrow Wilson 1913 
 
 223 
 
POPULATION AND AREA OF THE UNITED STATES AND 
 TERRITORIES— CENSUS 1910 
 
 
 Gross 
 
 
 
 Gross 
 
 
 States and 
 
 Area- 
 
 
 States and 
 
 Area 
 
 
 Territories 
 
 Square 
 
 Miles 
 
 Capitals 
 
 Territories 
 
 Square 
 Miles 
 
 Capitals 
 
 Alabama 
 
 52.250 
 
 Montgomery 
 
 
 77.610 
 
 Lincoln 
 
 Alaska Ter.... 
 
 590,884 
 
 Juneau 
 
 
 110.700 
 
 Carson City 
 
 Arizona 
 
 113,020 
 
 Phoenix 
 
 New Hamp . . . 
 
 9.305 
 
 Concord 
 
 Arkansas 
 
 53,850 
 
 Little Rock 
 
 New Jersey . . , 
 
 7,815 
 
 Trenton 
 
 California 
 
 158,360 
 
 Sacramento 
 
 
 122,680 
 
 Santa Fe 
 
 Colorado, 
 
 103,926 
 
 Denver 
 
 New York .... 
 
 49,170 
 
 Albany 
 
 Connecticut., , 
 
 4.990 
 
 Hartford 
 
 N. Carolina, . . 
 
 52,260 
 
 Raleigh 
 
 Delaware 
 
 2,050 
 
 Dover 
 
 N. Dakota 
 
 70,795 
 
 Bismarck 
 
 Dist. of Col.. . 
 
 70 
 
 Washington 
 
 Ohio 
 
 41,060 
 
 Columbus 
 
 Florida 
 
 58,680 
 
 Tallahassee 
 
 Oklahoma. . . . 
 
 70,057 
 
 Oklahoma City 
 
 Georgia 
 
 59.475 
 
 Atlanta 
 
 Oregon 
 
 96,030 
 
 Salem 
 
 Idaho 
 
 84.800 
 
 Boise 
 
 
 45,215 
 
 Harrisburg 
 
 Illinois 
 
 56.660 
 
 Springfield 
 
 Rhode Island.. 
 
 1,260 
 
 Providence 
 
 Indiana 
 
 36,350 
 
 Indianapolis 
 
 S. Carolina. . . . 
 
 30,570 
 
 Columbia 
 
 
 56,026 
 82,080 
 
 Des Momes 
 Topeka 
 
 S. Dakota. . . . 
 Tennessee. . . . 
 
 77,650 
 42,050 
 
 Pierre 
 
 Kansas 
 
 Nashville 
 
 Kentucky 
 
 40,400 
 
 Fyankfort 
 
 Texas 
 
 266,780 
 
 Austin 
 
 Louisiana 
 
 48,720 
 
 Baton Rouge 
 
 Utah 
 
 84,970 
 
 Salt Lake City 
 
 Maine 
 
 33,040 
 
 Augusta 
 
 Vermont 
 
 9,565 
 
 Montpelier 
 
 Maryland 
 
 12,210 
 
 Annapolis 
 
 Virginia 
 
 42.450 
 
 Richmond 
 
 Massachusetts. 
 
 8,315 
 
 Boston 
 
 Washington, . . 
 
 69,180 
 
 Olympia 
 
 Michigan 
 
 58,915 
 
 Lansing 
 
 W. Virginia. . . 
 
 24,780 
 
 Charleston 
 
 Minnesota 
 
 83,365 
 
 St. Paul 
 
 Wisconsin. . , . 
 
 56,040 
 
 Madison 
 
 Mississippi 
 
 46,810 
 
 Jackson 
 Jefferson City 
 
 Wyoming 
 
 97,890 
 
 Cheyenne 
 
 Missouri 
 
 69,415 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Montana 
 
 146,080 
 
 Helena 
 
 Total U. S. . 
 
 3,616,484 
 
 
 States and 
 Territories 
 
 1910 
 
 States and 
 Territories 
 
 1910 
 
 
 2,138,093 
 64.336 
 
 204.354 
 1.674.449 
 2,377.649 
 
 799.024 
 1.114.756 
 
 
 376,053 
 
 Alaska. 
 
 Nebraska. . 
 
 1,192,214 
 
 Arizona 
 
 Nevada 
 
 81,876 
 
 Arkansas 
 
 New Hampshire. . 
 
 430,672 
 
 
 
 2,537,167 
 327,301 
 
 Colorado 
 
 New Mexico 
 
 
 New York 
 
 9,113,279 
 
 2,206,287 
 
 577,056 
 
 4 767,121 
 
 Dakota 
 
 
 Delaware 
 
 202.322 
 
 331.069 
 
 761.139 
 
 2,609,121 
 
 191,909 
 
 325,694 
 
 6,638.591 
 
 2,700.876 
 
 2.224.771 
 
 1,690,949 
 
 2,289,905 
 
 1,656,388 
 
 742,371 
 
 1.295,346 
 
 3,366,416 
 
 2,810,173 
 
 2,075,708 
 
 1,797,114 
 
 3,293,335 
 
 North Dakota 
 
 District of Columbia 
 
 Ohio 
 
 Florida 
 
 
 1,667.155 
 
 672.765 
 
 7,665,111 
 
 542.610 
 
 1,515,400 
 
 583,888 
 
 2,184,789 
 
 3,896,542 
 
 373,351 
 
 355,956 
 
 2,061,612 
 
 1,141.990 
 
 1.221.119 
 
 2,333,860 
 
 145,965 
 
 Georgia 
 
 
 Hawaii 
 
 Pennsylvania 
 
 
 Rhode Island . . 
 
 
 
 Indiana 
 
 South Dakota 
 
 Iowa 
 
 Tennessee 
 
 
 Texas 
 
 Kentucky 
 
 Utah 
 
 Louisiana ... 
 
 Vermont 
 
 
 
 Washington. ... 
 
 West Virginia 
 
 Massachusetts 
 
 Michigan 
 
 
 Minnesota 
 
 Wyoming 
 
 Mississippi 
 
 Total 
 
 Missouri 
 
 9 1.972.266 
 
 224 
 
PRINCIPAL CITIES OF THE UNITED STATES 
 
 Incorporated Places of 5,000 or More Inhabitants 
 
 ALABAMA 
 
 Anniston 12,79i 
 
 Bessemer 10,864 
 
 Birmingham 132,685 
 
 Dothan 7,016 
 
 Florence 6,689 
 
 Gadsden,..' 10,557 
 
 Huntsville 7,611 
 
 Mobile 51,521 
 
 Montgomery 38, 136 
 
 New Decatur 6,118 
 
 Selma 13,649 
 
 Talladega 5,854 
 
 Tuscaloosa 8,407 
 
 ARIZONA. 
 
 Bisbee 9,019 
 
 Douglas 6,437 
 
 Globe 7,083 
 
 Phoenix 11,134 
 
 Prescott 5,092 
 
 Tucson 13,193 
 
 ARKANSAS. 
 
 Argenta 11,138 
 
 Fort Smith 23,975 
 
 Helena 8,772 
 
 Hot Springs 14,434 
 
 Jonesboro 7,123 
 
 Little Rock 45,941 
 
 Paragould 5,248 
 
 Pine Bluff 15,102 
 
 Texarkana 5,655 
 
 • CALIFORNIA. 
 
 Alameda 23,383 
 
 Bakersfield 12,727 
 
 Berkeley 40,434 
 
 Eureka 11,845 
 
 Fresno 24,892 
 
 Long Beach 17,809 
 
 Los Angeles 319,198 
 
 Marysville 5,430 
 
 Napa 5,791 
 
 Oakland 150,174 
 
 Pasadena 30,291 
 
 Petaluma 5,880 
 
 Pomona 10,207 
 
 Redlands 10,449 
 
 Richmond 6,802 
 
 Riverside 15,212 
 
 Sacramento 44,696 
 
 San Bernardino. . 12,779 
 
 San Diego 39,578 
 
 San Francisco 416,912 
 
 San Jose 28,946 
 
 San Luis Obispo. . 5,157 
 
 San Rafael 5,934 
 
 Santa Ana 8,429 
 
 Santa Barbara . . . 11,659 
 
 Santa Cruz 11,146 
 
 Santa Monica 7,847 
 
 Santa Rosa 7,817 
 
 Stockton 23,253 
 
 Vallejo 11,340 
 
 COLORADO. 
 
 -Boulder 9,539 
 
 Canon 5,162 
 
 Colorado Springs. 29,078 
 
 Cripple Creek 6,206 
 
 Denver 213,381 
 
 Fort Collins 8,210 
 
 Grand Junction . . 7,754 
 
 Greeley. 8,179 
 
 Leadville 7,508 
 
 Pueblo 44,395 
 
 Trinidad 10,204 
 
 CONNECTICUT. 
 
 Ansonia 15.152 
 
 Branford 6,047 
 
 Bridgeport 102,054 
 
 Bristol 13,502 
 
 Danbury 23,502 
 
 Derby 8,991 
 
 East Hartford 8,138 
 
 Enfield 9,719 
 
 Fairfield 6,134 
 
 Greenwich 16,463 
 
 Groton 6,495 
 
 Hamden .5,850 
 
 Hartford. 98,915 
 
 Huntington 6,545 
 
 Killingly 6,564 
 
 Manchester 13,641 
 
 Meriden 32,086 
 
 Middletown 20,749 
 
 Naugatuck 12,722 
 
 New Britain 43,916 
 
 New Haven 133,605 
 
 New London 19,669 
 
 New Milford 5,010 
 
 Norwalk 24,211 
 
 Norwich 28,219 
 
 Orange 11,272 
 
 Plainfield 6,719 
 
 Plymouth 5,021 
 
 Putnam 7,280 
 
 Southington 6,516 
 
 South Norwalk. . . 8,968 
 
 Stafford 5,233 
 
 Stamford 28,836 
 
 Stonington 9,154 
 
 Stratford 5,712 
 
 Torrington 16,840 
 
 Vernon 9,087 
 
 Wallingford 11,155 
 
 Waterbury 73,141 
 
 Willimantic 1 1,230 
 
 Winsted 7,764 
 
 DELAWARE. 
 
 Wilmington 87,411 
 
 DISTRICT OF 
 
 COLUMBIA. 
 
 Washington ..... 331,069 
 
 FLORIDA. 
 
 Gainesville 6,183 
 
 Jacksonville 67,699 
 
 225 
 
 FLORIDA— Con(i»««(i. 
 
 Key West 19,945 
 
 Lake City 5,032 
 
 Miami 5,471 
 
 Pensacola 22,982 
 
 St. Augustine .... 5,494 
 
 Tallahassee 5,018 
 
 Tampa 37,782 
 
 West Tampa 8,268 
 
 GEORGIA 
 
 Albany 8,190 
 
 Americus 8,063 
 
 Athens 14,913 
 
 Atlanta 154,839 
 
 Augusta 41,040 
 
 Brunswick 10,182 
 
 Columbus 20,554 
 
 Cordele 5,883 
 
 Dalton 5,324 
 
 Dublin 6,795 
 
 Elberton 6,843 
 
 Fitzgerald 5,795 
 
 Gainesville 5,925 
 
 Griffin 7,478 
 
 La Grange 5,i)87 
 
 Macon 40,665 
 
 Marietta . : 6,949 
 
 Newnam .5,548 
 
 Rome 12,099 
 
 Savannah 66,064 
 
 ThomasviUe 6,727 
 
 Valdosta 7,6.56 
 
 Waycross 14,486 
 
 IDAHO. 
 
 Boise 17,358 
 
 Coeur d'Alene 7,291 
 
 Lewiston 6,043 
 
 Pocatello 9,110 
 
 Twin Falls 5,258 
 
 ILLINOIS. 
 
 Alton 17,528 
 
 Aurora 29,807 
 
 Beardstown 6,107 
 
 Belleville 21,122 
 
 Belvidere 7,253 
 
 Berwyn 5,841 
 
 Bloomington 26,768 
 
 Blue Island 8,043 
 
 Cairo 14,548 
 
 Canton. 10,453 
 
 Carbondale 5,411 
 
 Centralia 9,680 
 
 Champaign 12,421 
 
 Charleston 5,884 
 
 Chicago 2,185,283 
 
 Chicago Heights.. , 14,525 
 
 Cicero 14,557 
 
 Clinton 5,165 
 
 CollinsviUe 7,478 
 
 Danville 27,871 
 
 Decatur 31,140 
 
 DeKalb 8,102 
 
PRINCIPAL CITIES OF THE UNITED STATES— Continued. 
 
 ILLINOIS— Continued. 
 
 Dixon 7,216 
 
 Duquoin 5,454 
 
 East St. Louis. . . 58,547 
 
 Edwardsville 5,014 
 
 Elgin 25,976 
 
 Evanston 24,978 
 
 Forest Park 6,594. 
 
 Preeport 17,567 
 
 Galesburg 22,089 
 
 Granite 9,903 
 
 Harrisburg ...'... 5,309 
 
 Harvey 7,227 
 
 Herrin 6,861 
 
 Jacksonville 15,326 
 
 Jdliet 34,670 
 
 Kankakde 13,986 
 
 Kewanee 9,307 
 
 La Grange 5,282 
 
 Lasalle 11,537 
 
 Lincoln 10,892 
 
 Litchfield 5,971 
 
 Macomb 5,774 
 
 Madison 5,046 
 
 Marion 7,093 
 
 Mattoon 11,456 
 
 Mavwood , 8,033 
 
 Moline 24,199 
 
 Monmouth 9,128 
 
 Mount Carmel. . . 6,934 
 
 Mount Vernon. . . 8,007 
 
 Murphysboro .... 7,485 
 
 Oak Park 19,444 
 
 Olhey 5,011 
 
 Ottawa 9,535 
 
 Pana 6,055 
 
 Paris 7,664 
 
 Pekin 9,897 
 
 Peoria 66,950 
 
 Peru 7,984 
 
 Pontiac 6,090 
 
 Quincy 36,687 
 
 Rockford 45,401 
 
 Rock Island 24,335 
 
 Springfield 61,678 
 
 Spring Valley 7,035 
 
 Staunton 5,048 
 
 SterUng 7,467 
 
 Streator 14,253 
 
 Taylorville 5,446 
 
 Urbana 8,245 
 
 Waukegan 16,069 
 
 INDIANA 
 
 Alexandria 5,096 
 
 Anderson 22,476 
 
 Bedford 8,716 
 
 Bloomington 8,838 
 
 Bra/jl 9,340 
 
 Clinton 6,229 
 
 Columbus 8,813 
 
 Connersville 7,738 
 
 Crawfordsville. .. 9,371 
 
 East Chicago 19,098 
 
 Elkhart 19,282 
 
 INDIANA— ConfJnMed. 
 
 Elwood 11,028 
 
 Evansville 69,64^ 
 
 Port Wayne 63,933 
 
 Frankfort 8,63* 
 
 Gary 16,802 
 
 Goshen 8,51* 
 
 Greensburg 6,42" 
 
 Hammond 20,925 
 
 Hartford 6,187 
 
 Huntington 10,272 
 
 Indianapolis 233,650 
 
 Jeffersonville 10,412 
 
 Kokomo 17,010 
 
 Lafayette 20,081 
 
 Laporte 10,525 
 
 Lebanon 5,474 
 
 Linton 5,906 
 
 Logansport 19,050 
 
 Madison 6,934 
 
 Marion 19,359 
 
 Michigan 19,027 
 
 Mishawaka, 11,886 
 
 Mount Vernon. . . 6,563 
 
 Muncie 24,006 
 
 New Albany 20,629 
 
 Newcastle 9,446 
 
 Noblesville 5,073 
 
 Peru 10,910 
 
 Portland 5,130 
 
 Princeton 6,448 
 
 Richmond 22, 324 
 
 Seymour 6,305 
 
 Shelbyville 9,500 
 
 South Bend 53,684 
 
 Terre Haute 68,157 
 
 Valparaiso 5,987 
 
 Vincennes 14,896 
 
 Wabash 8,687 
 
 Washington : 7,864 
 
 Wliiting 6,587 
 
 IOWA. 
 
 Boone 10,347 
 
 Burlington 24,324 
 
 Cedar Rapids 32,811 
 
 Centerville 6,936 
 
 Charles City 6,892 
 
 Clinton 25,577 
 
 Council Bluffs 29,292 
 
 Creston 6,924 
 
 Davenport 43,028 
 
 Des Moines 86,368 
 
 DubuQue 38,494 
 
 Fort Dodge ....... 15,543 
 
 Fort Madison 8,900 
 
 Grinnell 5,036 
 
 Iowa City 10,091 
 
 Keokuk 14,008 
 
 Marshalltown .... 13,374 
 
 Mason City 11,230 
 
 Muscatine 16,178 
 
 Oelwein 6,028 
 
 Oskaloosa 9,466 
 
 Ottumwa 22,012 
 
 226 
 
 IOWA — Continued. 
 
 Sioux City 47,828 
 
 Waterloo 26,693 
 
 Webster City 5,208 
 
 KANSAS. 
 
 Arkansas City. .. 7,508 
 
 Atchison 16,429 
 
 Coffeyville 12,687 
 
 Emporia 9,068 
 
 Fort Scott 10,463 
 
 Galena 6,096 
 
 Hutchinson 16,364 
 
 Independence. . . . 10,480 
 
 lola 9,032 
 
 Junction 5,598 
 
 Kansas City 82,331 
 
 Lawrence 12,374 
 
 Leavenworth .... 19,363 
 
 Manhattan 6,722 
 
 Newton 7,862 
 
 Ottawa 7,660 
 
 Parsons 12,463 
 
 Pittsburg 14,765 
 
 Rosedale 5,960 
 
 Salina 9,688 
 
 Topeka 43,684 
 
 Wellington 7,034 
 
 Wichita 52,460 
 
 Winfield 6,700 
 
 KENTUCKY. 
 
 Ashland 8,688 
 
 Bellevue 6,683 
 
 Bowling Green. . . 9,173 
 
 Covington 63,270 
 
 Danville 5,420 
 
 Dayton 6,970 
 
 Frankfort 10,465 
 
 Henderson 1 1,452 
 
 Hopkinsville 9,419 
 
 Lexington 35,099 
 
 Louisville 223,925 
 
 Mayfield 6,916 
 
 Maysville 6,141 
 
 Middlesboro 7,305 
 
 Newport 30,309 
 
 Owensboro 16,011 
 
 Paducah 22,760 
 
 Paris 5,859 
 
 Richmond 5,340 
 
 Winchester 7,166 
 
 LOUISIANA 
 
 Alexandria 11,213 
 
 Baton Rouge. . . . 14,897 
 
 Crowley. .' 6,099 
 
 Houma 6,024 
 
 Lafayette 6,394 
 
 Lake Charles .... 11,449 
 
 Monroe 10,209 
 
 Morgan City .... 5,477 
 
 New Iberia 7,499 
 
 New Orleans 339,075 
 
 Shreveport 28,015 
 
PRINCIPAL CITIES OF THE UNITED STATES— ConUnued. 
 
 MAINE 
 
 Auburn 15,064 
 
 Augusta 13,211 
 
 Bangor 24,803 
 
 Bath 9,396 
 
 Biddeford 17,079 
 
 Brewer 5,667 
 
 Brunswick 6,621 
 
 Calais 6,116 
 
 Caribou 5,377 
 
 Gardiner 5,311 
 
 Houlton 5,845 
 
 Lewiston 26,247 
 
 /Old Town 6,317 
 
 Presquelsle 5,179 
 
 Portland 58,571 
 
 RocUand 8,174 
 
 Romford 6,777 
 
 Saco 6,583 
 
 Sanford 9,049 
 
 Skowhegan 5,341 
 
 South Portland... 7,471 
 
 Waterville 11,458 
 
 Westbrook 8,281 
 
 MARYLAND 
 
 Annapolis 8,609 
 
 Baltimore 558,485 
 
 Cambridge 6,407 
 
 Cumberland 21,839 
 
 Frederick 10,411 
 
 Frostburg 6,028 
 
 Hagerstown 16,507 
 
 Salisbury 6,690 
 
 MASSACHUSETTS. 
 
 Abington 5,455 
 
 Adams 13,026 
 
 Amesbury 9,894 
 
 Amherst 5,112 
 
 Andover 7,301 
 
 Arlington 11,187 
 
 Athol 8,536 
 
 Attleboro 16,215 
 
 Belmont 5,542 
 
 Beverly 18,650 
 
 Blackstone 5,648 
 
 Boston 670,585 
 
 Braintree 8,066 
 
 Bridgewater 7,688 
 
 Brocton 56,878 
 
 Brooldine 27,792 
 
 Cambridge 104,839 
 
 Chelmsford 5,010 
 
 Chelsea 32,452 
 
 Chioopee 25,401 
 
 Clinton 13,075 
 
 Concord '. 6,421 
 
 Danvers 9,407 
 
 Dedham 9,284 
 
 Easthampton 8,524 
 
 Easton 5,139 
 
 Everett 33,484 
 
 Pairhaven 5,122 
 
 FaU River 119,295 
 
 Fitohburg 37,826 
 
 15 
 
 MASSACHUSETTS 
 Continued. 
 
 Framingham 12,948 
 
 Franklin 5,641 
 
 Gardner 14,699 
 
 Gloucester 24,398 
 
 Grafton 5,705 
 
 G't Harrington. . . 5,926 
 
 Greenfield 10,427 
 
 Haverhill 44,115 
 
 Holyoke 57,730 
 
 Hudson 6,743 
 
 Hyde Park 15,507 
 
 Ipswich 5,777 
 
 Lawrence 85,892 
 
 Leominster 17,580 
 
 Lowell 106,294 
 
 Lynn 89,336 
 
 Maiden 44,404 
 
 Mansfidd 5,183 
 
 Marblehead 7,338 
 
 Marlboro 14,579 
 
 Maynard 6,390 
 
 Medford 23,150 
 
 Melrose 15,715 
 
 Methuen 11,448 
 
 Middleboro 8,214 
 
 Milford 13,055 
 
 Milton 7,924 
 
 Montague 6,866 
 
 Natick 9,866 
 
 Needham 5,026 
 
 New Bedford 96,652 
 
 Newburyport .... 14,949 
 
 Newton 39,806 
 
 North Adams 22,019 
 
 North Andover. . . 5,529 
 
 N. Attleboro 9,562 
 
 Northampton 19,431 
 
 Northbridge 8,807 
 
 Norwood 8,014 
 
 Orange 5,282 
 
 Palmer 8,610 
 
 Peabody 15,721 
 
 Pittsfield.; 32,121 
 
 Plymouth 12,141 
 
 Qnincy 32,642 
 
 Reading 5,818 
 
 Revere 18,219 
 
 Rockland 6,928 
 
 Salem 43,697 
 
 Saugus 8,047 
 
 Somerville 77,236 
 
 Southbridge 12,592 
 
 Spencer 6,740 
 
 Springfield 88,926 
 
 Stoneham 7,090 
 
 Stoughton 6,316 
 
 Stampscott 6,204 
 
 Taunton 34,259 
 
 Wakefield 11,404 
 
 Waltham 27,834 
 
 Ware 8,774 
 
 Watertown 12,875 
 
 Webster 11,509 
 
 227 
 
 MASSACHUSETTS 
 Continued. 
 
 Wellesley 6,413 
 
 W.Springfield... 9,224 
 
 Westboro 5,446 
 
 Westfield 16,044 
 
 Weymouth 12,895 
 
 Whitman 7,292 
 
 Winohendon 5,678 
 
 Winchester 9,309 
 
 Winthrop 10,132 
 
 Wobum 15,308 
 
 Worcester 145,986 
 
 MICHIGAN. 
 
 Adrian 10,763 
 
 Albion 5,833 
 
 Alpena 12,706 
 
 Ann Arbor 14,817 
 
 Battle Creek. .... 25,267 
 
 Bay City 45,166 
 
 Benton Harbor. . . 9,185 
 
 Boyne City 5,218 
 
 Cadillac 8,375 
 
 Cheboygan 6,859 
 
 Coldwater 5,945 
 
 Detroit 465,766 
 
 Dowagiac 5,088 
 
 Escanaba 13,194 
 
 Flint...., 38,550 
 
 Grand Haven] .. . 5,856 
 
 Grand RapldS .... 112,571 
 
 Hancock 8,981 
 
 Hillsdale 5,001 
 
 Holland 10,490 
 
 Houghton 5,113 
 
 Ionia 5,030 
 
 Iron Mountain. . . 9,216 
 
 Ironwood 12,821 
 
 Ishpeming , 12,448 
 
 Jackson 31,433 
 
 Kalamazoo 39,437 
 
 Lansing 31,229 
 
 Laurium 8,537 
 
 Ludington 9,132 
 
 Manistee 12,381 
 
 Marquette 11,503 
 
 Menominee 10,507 
 
 Monroe 6,893 
 
 Mt. Clemens 7,707 
 
 Muskegon 24,062 
 
 Negaunee 8.460 
 
 Niles 5,166 
 
 Owosso 9,639 
 
 Pontiac 14,532 
 
 Port Huron 18,863 
 
 Saginaw 50,510 
 
 St. Joseph 5,936 
 
 SauItSte. Marie.. 12,615 
 
 Three Rivers 5,072 
 
 Traverse City 12,115 
 
 Wyandotte 8,287 
 
 Ypsilanti 6,230 
 
 MINNESOTA. 
 
 Albert Lea 6,192 
 
 Austin 6,960 
 
PRINCIPAL CITIES OF THE UNITED STATES— Co»«M«e(i. 
 
 MINNESOTA— Con. 
 
 Bemidji 5,099 
 
 Brainerd 8,S26 
 
 Chisholm. 7,684 
 
 Cloquet 7,031 
 
 Crookston 7,559 
 
 Duluth 78,446 
 
 Mankato 10,365 
 
 Minneapolis 301,403 
 
 NewUlm 5,648 
 
 Owatonna 5,658 
 
 Redwing 9,048 
 
 Rochester 7,844 
 
 St. Cloud 10,600 
 
 St. Paul 214,744 
 
 Stillwater 10,198 
 
 Virginia 10,473 
 
 Winona 18,583 
 
 MISSISSIPPI. 
 
 Biloxi 8,049 
 
 Brookhaven 5,293 
 
 Columbus City. . . 8,988 
 
 Corinth 5,020 
 
 Greenville 9,610 
 
 Greenwood 5,836 
 
 Gulfport 6,386 
 
 Hattiesburg 11,733 
 
 Jackson 21,262 
 
 Laurel 8,465 
 
 McComb 6,237 
 
 Meridian 23,285 
 
 Natchez 11,791 
 
 Vicksburg 20,814 
 
 Yazoo 6,796 
 
 MISSOURI. 
 
 Brookfield 5,749 
 
 Cape Girardeau . . 8,475 
 
 Carthage; 9,483 
 
 Chillitothe 6,265 
 
 Columbia 9,662 
 
 Flat River 5,112 
 
 Fulton 5,228 
 
 Hannibal. 18,341 
 
 Independence. . . . 9,859 
 
 Jefferson. 11,850 
 
 Joplin. . . . ; 32,073 
 
 Kansas City 248,381 
 
 Kirkville 6,347 
 
 Lexington ' 5,242 
 
 Mexico 5,939 
 
 Moberly 10,923 
 
 Nevada 7,176 
 
 Poplar Blufi 6,916 
 
 St. Charles 9,437 
 
 St. Joseph 77,403 
 
 St. Louis 687,029 
 
 Sedalia 18,822 
 
 Springfield 35,201 
 
 Trenton 5,656 
 
 Webb 11,817 
 
 Webster Groves. . 7,080 
 
 WeUston 7,312 
 
 MONTANA. 
 
 Anaconda 10,134 
 
 Billings 10,031 
 
 Bozeman 5,107 
 
 Butte 39,165 
 
 Great Palls 13,948 
 
 Helena 12,515 
 
 KaUspel 5,549 
 
 Livingston 6,359 
 
 Missoula 12,869 
 
 NEBRASKA. 
 
 Beatrice 9,356 
 
 Columbus 5,014 
 
 Pairbury 5,294 
 
 Preemont 8,718 
 
 Grand Island 10,326 
 
 Hastings 9,338 
 
 Kearney 6,202 
 
 LinooUi 43,973 
 
 Nebraska City . . . 5,488 
 
 Norfolk 6,025 
 
 Omaha. 124,096 
 
 South Omaha 26,259 
 
 York 6,236 
 
 NEVADA. 
 
 Reno 10,867 
 
 NEW HAMPSHIRE. 
 
 Berlin 11,780 
 
 Claremont 7,529 
 
 Confcord 21,497 
 
 Derry 5,123 
 
 Dover 13,247 
 
 Franklin 6,132 
 
 Keene . . . '. 10,068 
 
 Laconia. 10,183 
 
 Lebanon 5,718 
 
 Manchester 70,063 
 
 Nashua 26,005 
 
 Portsmouth 11,269 
 
 Rochester 8,868 
 
 Somersworth 6,704 
 
 NEW JERSEY. 
 
 Asbury Park 10,150 
 
 Atlantic City 46,150 
 
 Bayonne 55,545 
 
 Bloomfield 15,070 
 
 Bridgeton 14,209 
 
 Burlington 8,336 
 
 Camden 94,538 
 
 Dover 7,468 
 
 East Orange 34,371 
 
 Elizabeth 73,409 
 
 Englewood 9,924 
 
 Garfield 10,213 
 
 Gloucester 9,462 
 
 Guttenberg 5,647 
 
 Hackensack 14,050 
 
 Hammonton 5,088 
 
 Harrison 14,498 
 
 Hoboken 70,324 
 
 Irvington 11,877 
 
 Jersey City 267,779 
 
 Kearny 18,659 
 
 228 
 
 NEW JERSEY— Con 
 
 Long Branch 13,298 
 
 Millville 12,451 
 
 Montclair 21,550 
 
 Morristown ^ - 12,507 
 
 Newark 347,469 
 
 New Brunswick. . 23,388 
 
 N. Plainfield 6,117 
 
 Nutley 6,009 
 
 Orange 29,630 
 
 Passaic 54,773 
 
 Paterson 125,600 
 
 Perth Amboy 32,121 
 
 PhilUpsburg 13,903 
 
 Plainfield 20,550 
 
 Princeton 5,136 
 
 Rahway 9,337 
 
 Red Bank 7,398 
 
 Ridgewood 5,416 
 
 Roosevelt 5,786 
 
 Rutherford 7,045 
 
 Salem 6,614 
 
 Somerville ; 5,060 
 
 South Amboy 7,007 
 
 South Orange 6,014 
 
 Summit 7,500 
 
 Trenton 96,815 
 
 Union 21,023 
 
 Vineland 5,282 
 
 Westfield 6,420 
 
 West Hoboken. . . 35,403 
 
 W. New York. . . . 13,560 
 
 West Orange 10,980 
 
 NEW MEXICO. 
 
 Albuquerque 11,020 
 
 Roswell 6,172 
 
 Santa Fe 5,072 
 
 NEW YORK. 
 
 Albany 100,253 
 
 Albion 5,016 
 
 Amsterdam 31,267 
 
 Auburn 34,668 
 
 Batavia 11,613 
 
 Binghamton 48,443 
 
 Buffalo 423,715 
 
 Canandaigua 7,217 
 
 Catskill...: 5,296 
 
 Cohoes 24,709 
 
 Coming 13,730 
 
 Cortland 11,504 
 
 Dunkirk 17,221 
 
 Elmira 37,176 
 
 Fredonia 5,285 
 
 Fulton...-. 10,480 
 
 Geneva 12,446 
 
 Glens Falls 15,243 
 
 Gloversville 20,642 
 
 Havgrstraw 5,669 
 
 Herkimer 7,520 
 
 Hoosick Falls 5,532 
 
 Hornell 13,617 
 
 Hudson 11,417 
 
 Hudson Palls 5,189 
 
PRINCIPAL CITIES OF THE UNITED STATES— Continued. 
 
 NEW YORK— Com. 
 
 Ilion 6.588 
 
 Ithaca 14,802 
 
 Jamestown 31,297 
 
 Johnstown 10,447 
 
 Kingston 25,908 
 
 Lackawanna 14,549 
 
 Lockoort 17,970 
 
 Malone 6,467 
 
 Mamaroneck. . . . 5,699 
 
 Matteawan 6,727 
 
 Mechanicsville. . . 6,634 
 
 Medina 5,683 
 
 Middletown 15,313 
 
 Mount Vemon. . . 30,919 
 
 New Rochelle .... '28,867 
 
 New York 4,766,883 
 
 Newark 6,227 
 
 Newburgh 27,805 
 
 Niagara Falls 30,445 
 
 N. TanTTtown 5,421 
 
 N. Tonawanda. . . 11,955 
 
 Norwich 7,422 
 
 Ogdensbuig 15,933 
 
 Olean 14,743 
 
 Oneida 8,317 
 
 Oneonta 9,491 
 
 Ossining 11,480 
 
 Oswego 23,368 
 
 Peekskill 15,245 
 
 Plattsburg 11,138 
 
 Port Chester 12 ,809 
 
 Portjervis 9,564 
 
 Poughkeepsie 27,936 
 
 Rensselaer 10,711 
 
 Rochester 218,149 
 
 Rome 20,497 
 
 Salamanca 5,792 
 
 Saratoga Springs . 12,693 
 
 Schenectady 72,826 
 
 Seneca 6,588 
 
 Solvay 5,139 
 
 Syracuse 137,249 
 
 Tonawanda 8,290 
 
 Troy 76,813 
 
 Utica 74,419 
 
 Watertown 26,730 
 
 Watervliet 15,074 
 
 White Plains 15,949 
 
 Yonkers 79,803 
 
 NORTH CAROLINA. 
 
 AsheviUe 18,762 
 
 Charlotte 34,014 
 
 Concord 8,715 
 
 Durham 18,241 
 
 Elizabeth City... 8,412 
 
 FayetteviUe 7,045 
 
 Gastonia 5,759 
 
 Goldsboro 6,107 
 
 Greensboro 15,895 
 
 High Point 9,525 
 
 Kinston 6,995 
 
 Newbern 9,961 
 
 Raleigh 19,218 
 
 N. CAROLINA-^-CoB. 
 
 Rocky Mount 8,051 
 
 Salem 5,533 
 
 Washington 6,211 
 
 Wilmington 25,748 
 
 Wilson 6,717 
 
 Winston 17,167 
 
 NORTH DAKOTA. 
 
 Bismarck 5,443 
 
 Devil's Lake 5,157 
 
 Fargo 14,331 
 
 Grand Forks 12,478 
 
 Minot 6,188 
 
 OHIO. 
 
 Akron 69,067 
 
 Alliance 15,083 
 
 Ashland 6,795 
 
 Ashtabula 18,266 
 
 Athens 5,463 
 
 Barverton 9,410 
 
 Bellaire 12,946 
 
 Belief ontaine. .. . 8,238 
 
 Bellevue 5,209 
 
 Bowling Green. . . 5,222 
 
 Bucyrus 8,122 
 
 Cambridge 11,327 
 
 Canal Dover 6,621 
 
 Canton 50,217 
 
 Chillicothe 14,508 
 
 Cincinnati 363,591 
 
 Circleville 6,744 
 
 Cleveland 560,663 
 
 Columbus 181,511 
 
 Conneaut 8,319 
 
 Coshocton 9,603 
 
 Dayton 116,577 
 
 Defiance 7,327 
 
 Delaware 9,076 
 
 Delphos 5,038 
 
 East Cleveland. . . 9,179 
 
 East Liverpool... 20,387 
 
 Elyria 14,825 
 
 Findlay t 14,858 
 
 Fostoria 9,597 
 
 Fremont 9,939 
 
 GaUion 7,214 
 
 Gallipolis 5,560 
 
 Greenville 6,237 
 
 Hamilton 35,279 
 
 Ironton 13,147 
 
 Jackson 5,468 
 
 Kenton 7,185 
 
 Lakewood 15,181 
 
 Lancaster . .. 13,093 
 
 Lima 30,508 
 
 Lorain 28,883 
 
 Madisonville 5,193 
 
 Mansfield..-. 20,768 
 
 Marietta 12,923 
 
 Marion 18,232 
 
 Martins Ferry. . . 9,133 
 
 Massillon 13,879 
 
 Middletown 13,152 
 
 Mount Vemon. . . 9,087 
 
 229 
 
 OHIO — Continued. 
 
 Nelsonville 6,082 
 
 New Phila 7,542 
 
 Newark 25,404 
 
 Newburg 5,813 
 
 Niles 8,361 
 
 Norwalk 7,858 
 
 Norwood 16,185 
 
 Painesville 5,501 
 
 Piqua 13,388 
 
 Portsmouth 23,481 
 
 Ravenna 5,310 
 
 St. Bernard 5,002 
 
 St: Marys 5,732 
 
 Salem 8,943 
 
 Sandusky 19,989 
 
 Sidney 6,607 
 
 Springfield 46,921 
 
 Steubenville 22,391 
 
 Tiffin.. 11,894 
 
 Toledo...' 168,497 
 
 Troy 6,122 
 
 Urbana 7,739 
 
 Van Wert 7,157 
 
 Wapakoneta 5,349 
 
 Warren 11,081 
 
 Washington 
 
 Court House ... 7,277 
 
 Wellston 6,875 
 
 Wellsville 7,769 
 
 Wooster 6,136 
 
 Xenia 8,706 
 
 Youngstown 79,066 
 
 Zauesville 28,026 
 
 OKLAHOMA. 
 
 Ardmore 8,618 
 
 Bartlesville 6,181 
 
 Chickasha 10,320 
 
 Durant 5,330 
 
 El Reno 7,872 
 
 Enid 13,799 
 
 Guthrie 11,654 
 
 Lawton 7,788 
 
 McAlester 12,954 
 
 Muskogee 25,278 
 
 Oklahoma City... 64,205 
 
 Sapulpa 8,283 
 
 Shawnee 12,474 
 
 Tulsa 18,182 
 
 OREGON. 
 
 Ashland 5,020 
 
 Astoria 9,599 
 
 Baker City 6,742 
 
 Eugene 9,009 
 
 Medford 8,840 
 
 Portland 207,214 
 
 Salem 14,094 
 
 PENNSYLVANIA. 
 
 Allentown 51,913 
 
 Altoona 52,127 
 
 Ambridge 5,205 
 
 Archbald 7,194 
 
 Ashland 6,855 
 
PRINCIPAL CITIES OF THE, UNITED STATES—Continued. 
 
 PENTSiA.— Continued. 
 
 Ashley 5,601 
 
 Bangor 5,369 
 
 Beaver Falls 12,191 
 
 Bellevue 6,323 
 
 Berwick 5,357 
 
 Bethlehem 12,837 
 
 Blakely 5,345 
 
 Bloomsburg 7,413 
 
 Braddock 19,357 
 
 Bradford 14,544 
 
 Bristol 9,256 
 
 Butler 20,728 
 
 Carbondale 17,040 
 
 Carlisle 10,303 
 
 Carnegie 10,009 
 
 Carrick 6,117 
 
 Catasauqua 5,250 
 
 Chambersburg. , , 11,800 
 
 Charleroi 9,615 
 
 Chester 38,357 
 
 Clearfield 6,851 
 
 Coaldale 5,154 
 
 Coatesville 11,084 
 
 Columbia 11,454 
 
 Connellsville 12,845 
 
 Conshohocken . . .' 7,480 
 
 Coraopolis 5,252 
 
 Carry 6,991 
 
 Danville 7,517 
 
 Darby 6,305 
 
 Dickson City 9,331 
 
 Donora 8,174 
 
 Dubois 12,623 
 
 Dunmore 17,615 
 
 Duquesne 15,727 
 
 Duryea 7,487 
 
 E. CJonemaugh. . . 5,046 
 
 E. Pittsburgh 5,615 
 
 Easton 28,523 
 
 Edwardsville 8,407 
 
 Erie 66,525 
 
 Etna 5,830 
 
 Forest City 5,749 
 
 Franklin 9,767 
 
 Preeland 6,197 
 
 Gilberton 5,401 
 
 Glassport 5,540 
 
 Greater 
 
 Punxsutawney . 9,058 
 
 Greensburg 13,012 
 
 Greenville 5,909 
 
 Hanover 7,057 
 
 Harrisburg 64,186 
 
 Hazleton 25,452 
 
 Homestead 18,713 
 
 Huntington 6,861 
 
 Indiana 5,749 
 
 Jeanette 8,077 
 
 Jersey Shore; 5,381 
 
 Johnstown 55,482 
 
 Juniata 5,285 
 
 Kane 6,626 
 
 Kingston 6,449 
 
 Knoxville 5,651 
 
 PENNA. — Continued. 
 
 Lancaster 47,227 
 
 Lansford 8,321 
 
 Larkville 9,288 
 
 Latrobe 8,777 
 
 Lebanon 19,240 
 
 Lehighton 5,316 
 
 Lewistown 8,166 
 
 Lockhaven 7,772 
 
 Luzerne 5,426 
 
 McKees Rocks ... 14,702 
 
 McKeesport 42,694 
 
 Mahanoy City. . . 15,936 
 
 Meadville 12,780 
 
 Middletown 5,374 
 
 Millvale 7.861 
 
 Milton 7,460 
 
 Minersville 7,240 
 
 Monessen 11,775 
 
 Monongahela .... 7,598 
 
 Mount Carmel. . . 17,632 
 
 Mt. Pleasant 5,812 
 
 Munhall 5,185 
 
 Nanticoke 18,877 
 
 New Brighton. . . . 8,329 
 
 New Castle 36,280 
 
 N. Kensington. . . 7,707 
 
 Norristown 27,875 
 
 N. Braddock 11,824 
 
 Northampton 8,729 
 
 Oil City 16,657 
 
 Old Forge 11,324 
 
 Olyphant 8,605 
 
 Philadelphia 1,549,008 
 
 Phoenixville 10,743 
 
 Pittsburgh 533,906 
 
 Pittston 16,267 
 
 Plymouth 16,996 
 
 Pottstown 15,699 
 
 Pottsville 20,236 
 
 Rankin 6,042 
 
 Reading 96,071 
 
 Ridgway 5,408 
 
 Rochester 6,903 
 
 St. Clair 6,455 
 
 St. Mary's 6,346 
 
 Sayre 6,426 
 
 Scottdale 5,466 
 
 Scranton 129,867 
 
 Shamokin 19,588 
 
 Sharon 15,270 
 
 Sharpsburg 8,153 
 
 Shenandoah 25,774 
 
 S. Bethlehem 19,973 
 
 South Sharon 10,190 
 
 Steelton 14,246 
 
 Sunbury 13,770 
 
 Swissvale 7,381 
 
 Swoyersville 5,396 
 
 Tamaqua 9,462 
 
 Tarentum 7,414 
 
 Taylor 9,060 
 
 Throop 5,133 
 
 Titusville 8,533 
 
 Tyrone 7,176 
 
 230 
 
 PENNA. — Continued. 
 
 Uniontown 13,344 
 
 Warren 11,080 
 
 Washington 18,778 
 
 Waynesboro 7,199 
 
 West Berwick 5,512 
 
 Westchester 11,767 
 
 West Pittston 6,848 
 
 Wilkes-Barre 67,106 
 
 Wilkinsburg 18,924 
 
 Williamsport 31,860 
 
 Wilmerding 6,133 
 
 Windber 8,013 
 
 Wintou 5,280 
 
 York 44,750 
 
 RHODE ISLAND. 
 
 Bristol 8,565 
 
 Burrillville 7,878 
 
 Central Falls 22,754 
 
 Coventry 5,848 
 
 Cranston 21,107 
 
 Cumberland 10,107 
 
 E. Providence 15,808 
 
 Johnson 6,935 
 
 Lincoln 9,825 
 
 Newport 27,149 
 
 N. Providence. . . 5,407 
 
 Pawtuoket 51,622 
 
 Providence 224,326 
 
 S.Kingstown 5,176 
 
 Warren 6,585 
 
 Warwick 26,629 
 
 Westerly 8,696 
 
 Woonsocket 38,125 
 
 SOUTH CAROLINA. 
 
 Anderson 9,654 
 
 Charleston 58,833 
 
 Columbia 26,319 
 
 Florence 7,057 
 
 Georgetown 5,530 
 
 Greenville 15,741 
 
 Greenwood 6,614 
 
 Newberry 5,028 
 
 Orangeburg 6.906 
 
 Rock Hill 7,216 
 
 Spartanburg 17,517 
 
 Sumter 8,109 
 
 Union 5,623 
 
 SOUTH DAKOTA. 
 
 Aberdeen 10,763 
 
 Huron 5,791 
 
 Lead 8,392 
 
 Mitchell 6,515 
 
 Sioux Palls 14,094 
 
 Watertown 7,010 
 
 TENNESSEE. 
 
 Bristol 7,148 
 
 Chattanooga 44.604 
 
 Clarksville 8.548 
 
 Cleveland 5.549 
 
 Columbia 6.754 
 
 Jackson 16,779 
 
 Johnson City ... . 8,502 
 
 Knoxville 36,346 
 
PRINCIPAL CITIES OF THE UNITED STATES— ConUnued. 
 
 TENNESSEE— Con. 
 
 Memphis 131,105 
 
 Nashville 110,364 
 
 Park City 5,126 
 
 TEXAS. 
 
 Abilene 9,204 
 
 Amarillo 9,957 
 
 Austin 29,860 
 
 Beaumont 20,640 
 
 Brownsville 10,517 
 
 Brownwood 6,967 
 
 Cleburne 10,364 
 
 Corpus Christi . . . 8,222 
 
 Corsicana 9,749 
 
 DaUas 92,104 
 
 Denlson 13,632 
 
 El Paso 39,279 
 
 Ennis 5,669 
 
 Port Worth 73,312 
 
 Gainesville 7,624 
 
 Galveston 36,981 
 
 Greenville 8,850 
 
 Hillsboro 6,115 
 
 Houston 78,800 
 
 Houston H'gh's.. 6,984 
 
 Laredo 14,855 
 
 Lonffview 5,155 
 
 MarshaU 11,452 
 
 Orange 5,527 
 
 Palestine 10,482 
 
 Paris 11,269 
 
 Port Arthur 7,663 
 
 San Angelo 10,321 
 
 San Antonio 96,614 
 
 Shennan 12,412 
 
 Sulphur Sp'ngs. . . 5,151 
 
 Taylor 5,314 
 
 Temple 10,993 
 
 Terrell 7,050 
 
 Texarkana 9,790 
 
 Tyler 10,400 
 
 Waco 26,425 
 
 Wazahachie 6,205 
 
 Weatherford 5,074 
 
 Wichita Falls 8,200 
 
 UTAH. 
 
 Logan 7,522 
 
 Ogden 25,580 
 
 Provo , 8,925 
 
 Salt Lake City. . . 92,777 
 VERMONT. 
 
 Barre 10,734 
 
 Bennington 8,698 
 
 Brattleboro 7,541 
 
 Burlington 20,468 
 
 Colchester 6,450 
 
 Montpelier 7,856 
 
 Rockingham 6,207 
 
 VERMONT— CoMftnuei. 
 
 Rutland 13,546 
 
 St. Albans 6,381 
 
 St. Johnsbury 8,098 
 
 VIRGINIA. 
 
 Alexandria 15,329 
 
 Bristol 6,247 
 
 Charlottesville... 6,765 
 
 Clifton Forge 5,748 
 
 Danville 19,020 
 
 Fredericksburg... 5,874 
 
 Hampton 5,505 
 
 Lynchburg 29,494 
 
 Newport News. . . 20,205 
 
 Norfolk 67,452 
 
 Petersburg 24,127 
 
 Portsmouth 33, 130 
 
 Richmond 127,628 
 
 Roanoke 34,874 
 
 Staunton 10,604 
 
 Suffolk 7,008 
 
 Winchester 5,864 
 
 WASHINGTON. 
 
 Aberdeen 13,660 
 
 Bellingham 24,298 
 
 Centralia 7,311 
 
 Everett 24,814 
 
 Hoquiam S,171 
 
 North Yakima... 14,082 
 
 Olympia 6,996 
 
 Seattle 237,194 
 
 Spokane 104,402 
 
 Tacoma 83,743 
 
 Vancouver 9,300 
 
 Walla Walla 19,364 
 
 ,WEST VIRGINIA. 
 
 Bluefield 11,188 
 
 Charleston 22,996 
 
 Clarksburg 9,201 
 
 Elkins 5,260 
 
 Fairmount 9,711 
 
 Grafton 7,563 
 
 Huntington 31,161 
 
 Martinsburg 10,698 
 
 Morgantown 9,150 
 
 Moundsville 8,918 
 
 Parkersburg 17,842 
 
 Wheeling 41,641 
 
 WISCONSIN. 
 
 Antigo., 7,196 
 
 Appleton 16,773 
 
 Ashland 11,594 
 
 Baraboo 6.324 
 
 Beaver Dam 6,758 
 
 Beloit 15,125 
 
 Chippewa Falls. . . 8,893 
 
 Eau Claire 18,310 
 
 Fond du Lac 18,797 
 
 Grand Rapids 6,521 
 
 WISCONSIN— Cob. 
 
 Green Bay 25,236 
 
 Janesville 13,894 
 
 Kenosha 21,371 
 
 La Crosse 30,417 
 
 Madison 25,531 
 
 Manitowoc 13,027 
 
 Marinette 14,610 
 
 Marshfield 5,783 
 
 Menasha 6,081 
 
 Menominee 5,036 
 
 Merrill 8,689 
 
 Milwaukee 373,857 
 
 Neenah 5,734 
 
 Oconto 5,629 
 
 Oshkosh 33,062 
 
 Portage 5,440 
 
 Racine 38,002 
 
 Rhinelander 5,637 
 
 Sheboygan 26,398 
 
 S. Milwaukee 6,092 
 
 Stevens Point 8,692 
 
 Superior 40,384 
 
 Watertown 8,829 
 
 Waukesha 8,740 
 
 Wausau 16,560 
 
 West AUis 6,645 
 
 WYOMING. 
 
 Cheyenne 11,320 
 
 Laramie 8,237 
 
 Rock Springs .... 5,778 
 
 Sheridan 8,408 
 
 PORTO RICO. 
 
 Aguadilla 6,135 
 
 Arecibo 9,612 
 
 Bayamon 5,272 
 
 Caguas 10,354 
 
 Pajardo 6,086 
 
 Guayama 8,321 
 
 Humacao 5,159 
 
 Mayaguez 16,563 
 
 Ponce 35,005 
 
 San Juan 48,716 
 
 Yauco 6,589 
 
 HAWAII. 
 (District means election 
 district.) 
 
 Ewa District 14,627 
 
 Hamakua Dist. . . 9,037 
 
 Honolulu City. . . 52,183 
 
 Koloa District . . . 5.769 
 
 Makawao Dist. . . 8,855 
 
 N. HilloDist 12,941 
 
 N. Kohala Dist . . 5.398 
 
 Puna District 6,834 
 
 S. Gilo District.. . 9,604 
 
 Walalua Dist 6,770 
 
 Waliuku Dist 11,742 
 
 Waimea Dist 8,195 
 
 231 
 
ONE HUNDRED LARGEST CITIES 
 
 CITIES 
 
 NewYork, N. y 
 
 Chicago, 111 
 
 Philadelphia, Pa 
 
 St. Louis, Mo 
 
 Boston, Mass 
 
 Cleveland, Ohio 
 
 Baltimore, Md 
 
 Pittsburgh, Pa 
 
 Detroit, Mich 
 
 Buffalo, N. Y 
 
 San Francisco, Cal 
 
 Milwaukee, Wis 
 
 Cincinnati, Ohio 
 
 Newark, N. J 
 
 New Orleans, La 
 
 Washington, D. C. 
 
 Los Angeles, Cal 
 
 Minneapolis, Minn' 
 
 Jersey City, N. J 
 
 Kansas City, Mo 
 
 Seattle, Wash 
 
 Indianapolis, Ind 
 
 Providence, R. I 
 
 Louisville, Ky 
 
 Rochester, N. Y 
 
 St. Paul, Minn 
 
 Denver, Col 
 
 Portland, Ore 
 
 Columbus, Ohio 
 
 Toledo, Ohio 
 
 Atlanta, Ga ' 
 
 Oakland, Cal 
 
 Worcester, Mass 
 
 Syracuse, N. Y 
 
 New Haven, Ct 
 
 Birmingham, Ala' 
 
 Memphis, Tenn. 
 
 Scranton, Pa.' 
 
 Richmond, Va 
 
 Paterson, N. J, 
 
 Omaha, Neb 
 
 Fall River, Mass 
 
 Dayton, Ohio 
 
 Grand Rapids, Mich . . 
 
 Nashville, Tenn. 
 
 Lowell, Mass 
 
 Cambridge, Mass 
 
 Spokane, Wash 
 
 Bridgeport, Ct 
 
 Albany, N.Y 
 
 Popul'tn. 
 
 L,766,S83 
 !,1S5,283 
 1,549,008 
 687,029 
 670,585 
 560,663 
 558,485 
 533,905 
 465,766 
 423,715 
 416,912 
 373,857 
 364,463 
 347,469 
 339,075 
 331,069 
 319,198 
 301,408 
 267,779 
 248,381 
 237,194 
 233,650 
 224,326 
 223,928 
 218,149 
 214,744 
 213,381 
 207,214 
 181,548 
 168,497 
 154,839 
 150,174 
 145,986 
 137,249 
 133,605 
 132,685 
 131,105 
 129,867 
 127,268 
 125,600 
 124,096 
 119,295 
 116,577 
 112,571 
 110,364 
 106,294 
 104,839 
 104,402 
 102,054 
 100,253 
 
 -CITIES 
 
 Hartford, Ct 
 
 Trenton, N. J 
 
 New Bedford, Mass 
 
 San Antonio, Tex 
 
 Reading, Pa 
 
 Camden, N. J 
 
 Salt Lake, Utah 
 
 Dallas, Tex 
 
 Lynn, Mass 
 
 Sprin^eld, Mass 
 
 Wilmington, Del 
 
 Des Moines, la 
 
 Lawrence, Mass 
 
 Tacoma, Wash 
 
 Kansas City, Kan 
 
 Yonkers, N.Y 
 
 YbUngstown, Ohio 
 
 Houston, Tex 
 
 Diiluth, Minn 
 
 St. Joseph, Mo 
 
 Somerville, Mass 
 
 Troy, N.Y 
 
 Utica. N. Y 
 
 Elizabeth, N. J 
 
 Fort Worth, Tex 
 
 Waterbury, Ct 
 
 Schenectady, N. Y 
 
 Hobbken, N.J 
 
 Manchester, N. H 
 
 Bvansville, Ind 
 
 Akron, Ohio 
 
 Norfolk. Va 
 
 Wilkes-Barre, Pa 
 
 Peoria, 111 
 
 Erie, Pa 
 
 Savannah, Ga 
 
 Oklahoma City, Okla 
 
 Harrisburg, Pa 
 
 Fort Wayne, Ind 
 
 Charleston, S. C 
 
 Portland, Me 
 
 East St. Louis, 111 
 
 Terre Haute, Ind 
 
 Holyoke, Mass 
 
 Jacksonville, Fla 
 
 Brockton, Mass 
 
 Bayonne, N. J 
 
 Johnstown, Pa 
 
 Passaic, N. J 
 
 South Bend, Ind 
 
 Popul'tn. 
 
 98,915 
 96,815 
 96,652 
 96,614 
 96,071 
 94,538 
 92,777 
 92,104 
 89,336 
 88,926 
 87,411 
 86,368 
 85,892 
 82,972 
 82,331 
 79,803 
 79,066 
 78,800 
 78,466 
 77,403 
 77,236 
 76,813 
 74,419 
 73,409 
 73,312 
 73,141 
 72,826 
 70,324 
 70,063 
 69,647 
 69,067 
 67,452 
 67,105 
 66,950 
 66,525 
 65,064 
 64,205 
 64,186 
 63,933 
 58,883 
 58,671 
 68,547 
 58,157 
 57,730 
 57,699 
 66,878 
 55,545 
 55,482 
 54,773 
 53,684 
 
 POPULATION OF THE UNITED STATES ACCORDING TO RACE, 
 NATIVITY AND PERCENTAGE 
 
 General Nativity and Color. 
 
 Total 
 
 Native white 
 
 Native parents 
 
 Foreign-born i>arents 
 
 Foreign-born white 
 
 Negro : 
 
 Another. 
 
 232 
 
 Number 
 
 1910 
 
 91,972,266 
 
 68,389,104 
 
 49,488,441 
 
 18,900,663 
 
 13,343,583 
 
 9,828,294 
 
 411.285 
 
 Per Cent 
 
 of Total. 
 
 1910 
 
 100.0 
 
 74 .,4 
 
 53.8 
 20.6 
 14.5 
 10.7 
 0.4 
 
POPULATION AND AREA OF THE WORLD 
 
 COUNTRIES 
 
 Population 
 
 Sq. Miles 
 
 Capitals 
 
 China 
 
 British Empire 
 
 Russian Empire 
 
 United States 
 
 United States and Islands . 
 
 Philippines .' 
 
 Porto Rico 
 
 - Hawaii 
 
 Tutuila, Samoa 
 
 Guam.- 
 
 France and Colonies 
 
 France 
 
 Colonies 
 
 Algeria 
 
 Senegal, etc 
 
 Tunis 
 
 Cayenne 
 
 Cambodia 
 
 Cochin-China 
 
 Tonquin 
 
 New Caledonia 
 
 Tahiti, etc 
 
 Sahara 
 
 Madagascar 
 
 German Empire, in Europe . , 
 
 Prussia 
 
 Bavaria 
 
 Saxony 
 
 Wurttembujg 
 
 Baden 
 
 Alsacer Lorraine 
 
 Hesse 
 
 Mecklenburg-Schwerin . . . . 
 
 Hamburg 
 
 Brunswick 
 
 Oldenburg ^ . . . . 
 
 Saxe-Weimar , . . 
 
 Anhalt ; . . . 
 
 Saxe-Meiningen : . 
 
 Saxe-Coburg-Gotha 
 
 Bremen. . . . .- 
 
 Saxe-Altenburg 
 
 Lippe 
 
 Reuss (younger line) 
 
 Mecklenburg-Strelitz 
 
 SchwarzburgrRudolstad . . . 
 
 Schwarzburg-Sonderhausen 
 
 Lubeck 
 
 Waldeck 
 
 Reuss (elder line) 
 
 German Africa 
 
 Austro-Hungarian Empire . . . 
 
 Japan, (with Formosa) 
 
 Netherlands , . . . 
 
 Netherlands and Colonies. . 
 
 Amboyna 
 
 Borneo 
 
 Celebes 
 
 Java and Madura 
 
 Sumatra 
 
 Surinam 
 
 Ternate 
 
 400,000,000 
 
 435,000,000 
 
 166,250,000 
 
 97,337,000 
 
 109,357,490 
 
 8,460,052 
 
 1.151,579 
 
 200,065 
 
 7,251 
 
 12,517 
 
 93,850,000 
 
 39,601,509 
 
 54,240,700 
 
 5,600,000 
 
 8,850,000 
 
 1,900,000 
 
 32,908 
 
 1,500,000 
 
 3,000,000 
 
 6,000,000 
 
 56,000 
 
 31,000 
 
 500,000 
 
 2,505,000 
 
 64,925,993 
 
 40,165,219 
 
 6,887,291 
 
 4,806,661 
 
 2,437,574 
 
 2,148,833 
 
 1,874,014 
 
 1,282,051 
 
 639,958 
 
 1,014,664 
 
 694,339 
 
 483,042 
 
 417,149 
 
 331,128 
 
 278,762 
 
 257,177 
 
 299,526 
 
 216,128 
 
 150,937 
 
 . 152,752 
 
 106,442 
 
 100,702 
 
 . 89,917 
 
 116,599 
 
 61,707 
 
 72,769 
 
 14,120,086 
 
 51,340,378 
 
 67,142,798 
 
 5,898,175 
 
 43,769,688 
 
 299,491 
 
 1,250,000 
 
 2,000,000 
 
 30,098,008 
 
 4,029,505 
 
 92,736 
 
 108,415 
 
 4,277,170 
 
 13,123,712 
 
 8,647,657 
 
 3,616,484 
 
 3,743,344 
 
 116,026 
 
 3,606 
 
 6,449 
 
 55 
 
 210 
 
 4,372,000 
 
 207,054 
 
 4,165,815 
 
 194,950 
 
 1,600,000 
 
 51,000 
 
 30,500 
 
 67,723 
 
 22,000 
 
 46,224 
 
 7,200 
 
 1,173 
 
 925,000 
 
 227,000 
 
 208,780 
 
 134,616 
 
 29,292 
 
 5,789 
 
 7,534 
 
 5,^23 
 
 5,604 
 
 2,996 
 
 5,068 
 
 160 
 
 1,418 
 
 2,482 
 
 1,397 
 
 888 
 
 963 
 
 764 
 
 99 
 
 511 
 
 469 
 
 319 
 
 1,131 
 
 363 
 
 333 
 
 115 
 
 433 
 
 122 
 
 1.035,086 
 
 261,029 
 
 2^5,886 
 
 12.648 
 
 845,121 
 
 19.861 
 
 213.000 
 
 77,855 
 
 50,970 
 
 178,338 
 
 49,845 
 
 202,040 
 
 Peking. 
 
 London. 
 
 Petrograd. 
 
 Washington. 
 
 Washington. 
 
 Manila. 
 
 San Juan. 
 
 Honoluu. 
 
 Agana. 
 
 Paris. 
 
 Paris. 
 
 Algiers. 
 St. Louis. 
 Tunis. 
 Cayenne. 
 Saigon. 
 
 Hanoi. 
 Noumea. 
 
 Antananarivo 
 
 Berlin. - 
 
 Berlin. 
 
 Miinich. 
 
 Dresden. 
 
 Stuttgart. 
 
 Karlsruhe. 
 
 Strassburg. 
 
 Darmstadt. 
 
 Schwerin. 
 
 Brunswick. 
 
 Oldenburg. 
 
 Weimar^ 
 
 Dessau. 
 
 Meiningen. 
 
 Gotha. 
 
 Altenburg. 
 
 Detmold. 
 
 Gera. 
 
 Neu Strelitz. 
 
 Rudolstad. 
 
 Sondershausen. 
 
 Arolsen. 
 Greiz. 
 
 Vienna. 
 Tokio. 
 Amsterdam. 
 Amsterdam. . 
 Amboyna. 
 
 Menado. 
 
 Pada,ng; 
 
 Pararoairitjo. 
 
 Ternate, 
 
 233 
 
POPULATION AND AREA OF THE WORLD— Continued. 
 
 COUNTRIES 
 
 Population 
 
 Sq. Miles 
 
 Capitals. 
 
 Ttirkish Empire 
 
 European Turkey. . 
 
 Asiatic Ttirkey .... 
 
 Egypt 
 
 Italy 
 
 Italy and Colonies . 
 
 Eritrea 
 
 Somali Coast 
 
 Tripoli 
 
 Spain 
 
 Spanish Africa 
 
 Brazil 
 
 Mexico 
 
 Con^o State 
 
 Portugal 
 
 Portugal and Colonies. . 
 
 Portuguese Africa 
 
 Portuguese Asia 
 
 Sweden 
 
 Norway 
 
 Morocco 
 
 Belgium 
 
 Abyssinia 
 
 Albania 
 
 Siam 
 
 Argentina 
 
 Rumania 
 
 Colombia 
 
 Bulgaria 
 
 Afghanistan 
 
 Chile 
 
 Peru 
 
 Switzerland 
 
 Bolivia 
 
 Greece 
 
 Denmark 
 
 Denmark and Colonies . 
 
 Iceland 
 
 Greenland 
 
 West Indies 
 
 Venezuela 
 
 Servia 
 
 Liberia 
 
 Nepaul 
 
 Cuba 
 
 Oman 
 
 Guatemala -. 
 
 Ecuador 
 
 Hayti 
 
 Salvador 
 
 Uruguay 
 
 Khiva 
 
 Paraguay 
 
 Honduras 
 
 Nicara^nia 
 
 Domimcan Republic 
 
 Costa Rica 
 
 Panama 
 
 Montenegro 
 
 31,000,000 
 
 2,000,000 
 
 17,683,500 
 
 9,321,100 
 
 34,700,000 
 
 36,467,000 
 
 450,000 
 
 130,000 
 
 1,000,000 
 
 19,588,688 
 
 276,000 
 
 21,600,000 
 
 15,000,000 
 
 20,000,000 
 
 10,000,000 
 
 5,423,132 
 
 16,000,000 
 
 8,248,527 
 
 910,425 
 
 5,476,441 
 
 2,302,698 
 
 6,500,000 
 
 7,432,784 
 
 7,500,000 
 
 2,000,000 
 
 6,000,000 
 
 7,500,000 
 
 7,600,000 
 
 4,500,000 
 
 5,000,000 
 
 5,000,000 
 
 4,249,279 
 
 4,500,000 
 
 3,741,971 
 
 2,267,935 
 
 4,500,000 
 
 2,585,660 
 
 3,000,000 
 
 78,470 
 
 11,893 
 
 30,527 
 
 2,591,000 
 
 4,000,000 
 
 2,060,000 
 
 4,000,000 
 
 2,048,980 
 
 1,500,000 
 
 1,804,000 
 
 1,500,000 
 
 1.400,000 
 
 1,707,000 
 
 1,111,758 
 
 800,000 
 
 800,000 
 
 553,446 
 
 600,000 
 
 610,000 
 
 399,400 
 
 360,542 
 
 500,000 
 
 11,100 
 682,960 
 400,000 
 110,623 
 711,643 
 
 60,000 
 300,000 
 410,000 
 194,700 
 
 82,400 
 
 3,298,870 
 
 768,886 
 
 900,000 
 
 628,000 
 
 35,490 
 871,854 
 830,000 
 7,600 
 172,876 
 124,129 
 314,000 
 
 11,373 
 400,000 
 
 21,870 
 
 ■1,135,846 
 62,760 
 
 438,436 
 42,602 
 
 215,400 
 
 291,544 
 
 697,640 
 15,976 
 
 709,000 
 46,522 
 15,388 
 
 106,170 
 
 39,756 
 
 46,740 
 
 138 
 
 363,730 
 23,661 
 41,000 
 54,000 
 44,164 
 82,000 
 48,290 
 
 120,000 
 10,204 
 7,225 
 72,210 
 22,320 
 97,700 
 46,250 
 49,200 
 18,045 
 18,400 
 32,380 
 4^00 
 
 Constantinople. 
 
 Cairo. 
 Rome. 
 Rome. 
 
 Tripoli. • 
 Madrid. 
 
 Rio de Janeiro 
 
 City of Mexico. 
 
 Boma. 
 
 Teheran. 
 
 Lisbon. 
 
 Lisbon. 
 
 Stockholm. 
 Christiania. 
 Fez. 
 
 Brussels. 
 Adis Ababa. 
 
 Bangkok. 
 
 Buenos Ayres. 
 
 Bucharest. 
 
 Bogota. 
 
 Sofia. 
 
 Cabul. 
 
 Santiago. 
 
 Lima. 
 
 Berne. 
 
 La Paz. 
 
 Athens. 
 
 Copenhagen. 
 
 Copenhagen. 
 
 Reykjavik. 
 
 Godthaab. 
 
 Caracas. 
 
 Belgrade. 
 
 Monrovia. 
 
 Khatmandu. 
 
 Havana. 
 
 Muscat. 
 
 N. Guatemala. 
 
 Quito. 
 
 Portau Prince. 
 
 San Salvador. 
 
 Montevideo. 
 
 Khiva. 
 
 Asuncion. 
 
 Tegucigalpa. 
 
 Managua. 
 
 San Domingo. 
 
 San Jose. 
 
 Panama. 
 
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