-^io 
 
 .'a*^ 
 
 at 
 
 a 
 
 '»A*- 
 
 
 
 cr 
 
 

 
 
 (?c- 
 
 SA, 
 
 HOME USE RULES 
 
 The date shows when this voltune was taken. 
 
 -•- .j.^ renew this book copy the call No. and give 
 ^L to the librarian. 
 
 All Books subject to recall 
 
 All borrowers must regis- 
 ter in the library to bor- 
 row books for home use. 
 
 All books miist be re- 
 turned at end of college 
 year for inspection and 
 repairs. . 
 Limited books must be 
 returned within the four 
 week limit and not renewed. 
 
 ■Students must return all 
 books before leaving town. 
 Officers should arrange for 
 the return of books wanted 
 during their absence from 
 town. 
 
 VoluTnes of periodicals 
 and of pamphlets are held 
 in the library as much as 
 possible. For special pur- 
 poses they are given out 
 for a Hmited time. 
 
 Borrowers should not use 
 their library privileges for 
 the benefit of other persons. 
 
 Books of special value 
 and gift books, when the 
 giver wishes it, are not al- 
 lowed to circulate. 
 
 Readers are asked to re- 
 port all cases of books 
 marked or mutilated. 
 
 Do not deface books by marks and writing. 
 
 THE GIFT OF 
 
 HENRY W. SAGE 
 
 1891 
 
 Cornell University Library 
 Z110.R4 G78 
 
 Photographs of manuscripts; reports from 
 
 olln 
 
 3 1924 029 487 455 
 
PHOTOGRAPHS OF MANUSCRIPTS. 
 
 Reports from His Majesty's Representatives 
 abroad respecting Facilities for obtaining 
 Photographs of Manuscripts in Public 
 Libraries in certain Foreign Countries. 
 
 LONDON : 
 
 PRINTED & PUBLISHED BY HIS MAJESTY'S STATIONERY OtEICE 
 
 To be purchased through any Bookseller or directly from H.M. STATIONERY OFFICE 
 
 ^at the following addresses : Imperial House, Kingsway, London, W.C.2, and 
 
 28 Abingdon Street, London, S.W.i ; 37 Peter Street, Manchester ; 
 
 I St. Andrew's Crescent, Cardiff; and 23 Forth Street, 
 
 Edinburgh ; or from EASON & SON, Limited, 
 
 40 & 41 Lower Sackville Street, Dublin. 
 
 1922 , , , 
 
Facilities for obtaining Photographs of Manuscripts 
 in Public Libraries in Foreign Countries. 
 
 Circular Despatch from the Marquess Curzon of Kedleston to His 
 Majesty's Representatives In certain Foreign Countries. 
 
 Sir, Foreign Office, August 22, 1921. 
 
 I HAVE on several occasions, since the termination of the war, 
 received requests from British scholars to borrow manuscripts from 
 foreign libraries through the diplomatic channel for consultation and 
 study in this country. 
 
 2. I find that such requests are often refused by foreign Govern- 
 ments on the ground, for which T have some sympathy, that due 
 
 eciprocity is not afforded by this country ; for wliile it is not difficult 
 to obtain the loan of a manuscript to be sent abroad from the 
 Bodleian Library at Oxford and the University Library at 
 Cambridge, the British Museum is unable, by reason of its 
 foundation statutes, thus to lend manuscripts abroad, and certain 
 other libraries under the control of His Majesty's Government arc 
 in the same case. 
 
 3. I have therefore rather encouraged scholars to attempt to 
 obtain photographs of manuscripts which they desire to study ; and 
 in order to assist them with the necessary information, I request 
 you to give me briefly the following particulars concerning the 
 hbraries of first-rate importance in the coimtry in which you 
 reside: — 
 
 (a.) Can photographs of manuscripts and printed books be freely 
 
 taken, or is a special permission necessary in each 
 
 instance ? 
 (b.) Should application be made to the director or curator of the 
 
 library or to the photographer? 
 (c.) Is there an authorised (" attitr^ ") photographer. If so, 
 
 what is his name and address? 
 (d.) What are the prices for photographs and rotographs 
 
 respectively of a small, medium, and large-sized page? 
 (e.) Is there any further advice or warning which you think 
 
 should be given to British scholars desiring to studv 
 
 manuscripts or other rare books in such libraries without 
 
 actually visiting them? 
 
 I am, &c. 
 
 CURZON OF KEDLESTON. 
 
Replies to Lord Curzon's Circular Despatch of August 22, 1921, 
 
 AUSTEIA. 
 
 Translation of a Note, dated December 9, 1921, from the Austrian 
 Mi)tistrii for Foreign Affairs to the British Legation at Vienna. 
 
 In reply to the note verhale of the 7th September, 1921, the 
 Federal Ministry for Foreign Affairs has the honour to inform His 
 Britannic Majesty's Legation that according to a communication of 
 the Federal Ministry for Home Affairs and Education there is no 
 objection in principle to the photographic reproduction of manuscripts 
 (plates, black and white, or silver bromide prints) , in so far as such 
 reproduction does not concern manuscripts which are at present 
 being worked upon by local scientific students. In the latter case, 
 information concerning such manuscripts will be given only on 
 disputed points and in agreement with the local students. It is 
 necessary in each particular case to obtain the permission of the 
 management of the library concerned, and, in order to obtain the 
 quick fulfilment of orders, letters should be addressed to the studio 
 of the National Library (Atelier der Nationalbibliothek, Wienj , 
 which will in each case apply to the management of the library 
 concerned for permission to carry out the reproduction. 
 
 The studio of the National Library is under the control of the 
 management of the Austrian Photographic Bureau. Payments will 
 be calculated on the same scale as those in force for the time being 
 for photographers working at the British Museum, London. 
 
 Payments by the English buyer must be made in English 
 currency through the Anglo-Bank, as it is assumed that no objection 
 will be raised by His Majesty's Government to the payment of the 
 full amount. 
 
 In the case of a publication of a work on the svibject by the buyer 
 of the reproduction, the latter is under the obligation to present a 
 printed copy gratis to the library. In the case of the use of plates, 
 the plate remains in the depot of the National Library in Vienna, 
 the required positives being sent to the buyer. If the plate itself is 
 required for the purpose of mechanical reproduction, an application 
 must be made asking expressly for the transmission of the plate, 
 \^'hen the order is given. 
 
 BELGIUM. 
 
 (1.) Brussels. 
 
 Extract from the Regulations in force in the Royal Library as to the 
 loan of Manuscripts and Printed Books, and as to Photographic 
 Facilities. 
 
 Loans. 
 
 Article 106. Publications and books of reference, supplied for the 
 use of readers in the various rooms, cannot be lent. 
 
 Article 107. Nothing can be lent from the collection of prints and 
 the collection of coins, or from the perindipf^.l room. 
 
 Wt. 34102/14.4.9 500 5/22 F.O.P. [SL^jo] B 2 
 
Article 108. In the manuscript department, volumes notable for 
 their antiquity, their rarity, or the perfection of their workmanship 
 cannot be lent without the authorisation of the Minister of Sciences 
 and Arts. 
 
 Other manuscripts may be lent by the director, after consultation 
 with the keeper of the manuscripts, to scholars of known reputation. 
 
 Article 109. The printed book department is managed in principle 
 as a collection from which books are not removed. Works of_ every- 
 day reference, books or parts of books which are rare or editions de 
 lu-jce, and collected sets, are never lent. 
 
 The director may, however, after consultation with thi=; keeper 
 of the printed books, allow other printed works to go out on loan. 
 
 Article 110. Regular communications are maintained between the 
 Eoyal Library and the libraries of the provincial Belgian universities. 
 
 Article 111. Eequests for the loan of books are made to the 
 Secretariat, and lent books returned to the Secretariat. 
 
 Article 112. Persons authorised to borrow in the circumstance.? 
 indicated in Articles 108 and 109 above sign a receipt, which is restored 
 to them when they bring back the book. 
 
 Any book lent is presumed to be in good condition, unless at the 
 time of issue the borrower calls attention to any defect, of which a 
 note is made on the receipt. 
 
 Otherwise, any defects foniid upon the return of the book must be 
 made good by the borrower. 
 
 Article 113. Particulars of lent books are kept; they are lent for a 
 period not exceeding a fortnight. 
 
 Article 114. At the request of the keeper, the director mn;,-, if the 
 interests of the library require it, order the immediate return of lent 
 books. 
 
 When a lent book is asked for in the reading or working room, the 
 keeper makes an immediate request for it through the Secretariat, and 
 the borrower must return it the next day at latest. 
 
 Article 115. Borrowers are expressly forbidden to lend to third 
 persons books which they have received from the Royal Library. 
 
 Article 116. All lent printed books and manuscripts must be 
 returned each year, at a time fixed by the authorities of the library, 
 for the general stock-taking. 
 
 Article 117. These regulations as to loans are applicable to all the 
 staff of the Royal Library. 
 
 Photographir Service. 
 
 Article 118. There is a photographic service at the Eoyal Library 
 attached to the Secretariat. 
 
 Article 119. No photograph of any object belonging to the collec- 
 tions of the Royal Library can be made without the authorisation of 
 the Director-in-Chief, after consultation with the keeper of the 
 section to which the object belongs. 
 
 Article 120. Persons desiring to obtain photographs or to have 
 photographs made foi' them must make a request in writing to the 
 Director-in-Chief, giving all indications necessary to enable the object 
 to be identified, and stating the purpose to which the photographs will 
 be put. 
 
 Article 121. The carrying out of photographic reproductions is 
 under the control of the Financial Administrator, who, in consultation 
 with the Director-in-Chief, appoints the officials who have charge of 
 the apparatus and the surveillance of the process of reproduction, 
 
Article 122. Except in especial cases, as to which the Director-in- 
 Chief decides, photographic reproduction can only be carried out by 
 operators approved by the Administration of the Royal Library. 
 
 Such approval of a photographer is in all cases temporary and 
 revocable at any time. It cannot be held to effect a monopoly, nor be 
 used as an advertisement by the ])erKon to whom it is given ; and it 
 carries with it the obligation to apply to the reproductions carried out 
 the scale of prices fixed by the Administration of the library. 
 
 Article 123. The list of objects, of which a vecjuest for photographic 
 rtproduction lias been received and authorised, is made out for each 
 department by the Secretariat in a special register, and handed to the 
 member of the staff designated to «'atch the proce.^s of reproduction. 
 This official, in consultation with the appropriate keeper, takes all the 
 necessary measures for the transfer of the objects to the photographic 
 studio, and for their careful handhng during the photographic pro- 
 cesses. At the time of the removal of the objects to the studio, this 
 official places his signature at the foot of the list in the register; the 
 keeper similarly signs when the objects are restored to his depart- 
 ment. 
 
 Article 124. The process of photographing can only be carried out 
 in the studio especially designated for the purpose ; and only the 
 Inspector of Administration, on the proposal of the Director-in Chief, 
 can make any exception to this rule. 
 
 Access to the photographic studio and dark room is strictly con- 
 fined to the approved operators; the persons for whom photographic 
 work is being executed have not the right of access to these rooms. 
 
 xVrticle 12"). A record is kept, in an acknowk'dgment signed by 
 the operators, of articles (e.g., photographic apparatus, dishes, glasses, 
 &c. , in the dark room) which belong to the library and are entrusted 
 to them for the purpose of making photographic reproduction^ ; and 
 a quittance for these is given when they are returned. Articles broken, 
 damaged, or lost must be repaired or replaced at the operator's 
 expense. 
 
 The operators may not introduce into the building any substance 
 which would be dangerous to the good state of the collections. 
 
 Article 12G. The Administration cannot be held liable for ■iccidents 
 happening to operators wjio make use of the apparatus, vessels, Ac, 
 of the studio and dark room : nor can it make itself responsible for 
 the care of apparatus or vesselb which operators bring into the 
 building. 
 
 Article 127. Except in especial cases, as to which the Director-in- 
 Chief decides, the photographic plates of objects reprofluced fcr out- 
 side parties remain the property of the library. They are kept and 
 classified with a view to supjjlying further demands for reproductions 
 without submitting to fresh manipulation objects which have already 
 been photographed once. 
 
 Article 128. When a request is made for a series of reproductions 
 which are to appear in a publication, the author or publisher must 
 undertake in writing to send two free copies of it to the lioyal Library. 
 
 Article 129. Except in especial cases, as to which the Minister of 
 Sciences and Arts decides, the Eoyal Library alone has the privilege 
 of making complete reproductions of manuscripts or of complete 
 series of articles forming part of a collection, whatever the process or 
 format of the reproduction. 
 
 "With the approval of the Minister, it may undertake the publica- 
 tion of reproductions of all or part of its collections of rarities. In 
 
such cases, the Director-in-Chief decides the form which the 
 reproduction is to take, and appoints the persons who are to compose 
 the description, commentaries, &c. It is the duty of the Financial 
 Administrator to see to the execution and the sale of the repro- 
 ductions, under conditions which are submitted for approval to the 
 Minister. The proceeds of the sale of reproductions is credited to the 
 vote to await disposal. 
 
 Members of the staff of the Eoyal Library who need reproductions 
 of objects belonging to it for the purposes of their own work must 
 conform to the above regulations. 
 
 (2.) Ghent. 
 
 The Library of the University of Ghent is willing to lend 
 manuscripts to foreigners who apply for them through the diplomatic 
 channel. 
 
 Photographs of manuscripts and printed books can be obtained by 
 application to the Chief Librarian. There is a photographic studio in 
 connection with the library, which will supply photographs at the 
 following prices: — 
 
 (a.) Positive prints on " Ridax " paper — 
 
 crn. fr. c. 
 
 18x24 7-00 
 
 13x18 4-50 
 
 9x12 2-50 
 
 (b.) Negative prints on " Brantom " paper — 
 
 cm. fr. c. 
 
 18x24 3-50 
 
 13x18 2-50 
 
 (3.) LlEGK. 
 
 The Library of tlie University of Liege will lend manuscripts to 
 forei.,'11 libraries if iipplication is made through the diplomatic channel 
 anrl tlir necessary guarantees are given, on the condition that the 
 country from which the request comes is willing to afford reciprocal 
 facilities. 
 
 Exception may be made for certain manuscripts with peculiarly 
 f)iecious miniatures, the handling of which is only allowed under 
 special conditions under the eye of the Chief Librarian. 
 
 Photographs of manuscripts and printed books in the library may 
 be freely taken. 
 
 The library possesses a photographic studio, which the Chief 
 Li])rarian is w illing to place at the disposal of those who desire to make 
 photographic reproductions themselves. 
 
 It a photographer is required, the librarian can recommend 
 lM. Bury, of 20 Rue St. Julien, Lifege. His prices are, for a plate 
 with one proof: — 
 
 fr. c. 
 
 ... 2-55 
 
 13x18 5-65 
 
 cm. 
 9x12 
 
 18x24 
 
 9-80 
 
(4.) LOUVAIN. 
 
 The Library of the University of Louvain adopts the reguhitions, 
 mutatis mutandis, of the Itoyal Library of Brussels given above. 
 But the matter is at present only of academic interest, as all their 
 manuscripts were burnt in the invasion of 1914. 
 
 BULGAEIA. 
 
 Despatch, dated October 10, 1921, from Mr. Erskine tu ihe 
 Marquess Curzon of Kedleston. 
 
 My Lord, British Legation, Sofia. 
 
 With reference to your Lordship's circular of the 22nd August 
 on the subject of facilities for students in foreign museums, I have 
 the honour to report that students desiring to study manuscripts, 
 the property of the Bulgarian Government, may photograph all the 
 documents in the Ethnographical Aluseum by addressing a request 
 to the Director of the Museum. The request must state the 
 documents which the student desires to photograph. 
 
 The Library in Sotia has no manuscripts; there are, however, 
 some in the Museum at Philippopolis. The Library at Sofia contains 
 only archives dealing with the Bulgarian renaissance in the Orthodox 
 Church and schools, and with the insurrectionary movements in the 
 country culminating in the union of North and South Bulgaria. 
 
 The official photographer of the Museum, named Sotir Kostoif, 
 works only on account ot the Museum. His services may only be 
 obtained by direct authorisation of the Minister of Public Instruction, 
 when the materials used would be paid for by the interested party. 
 
 Prices of photographs and rotographs are not fixed, but amount 
 roughly to : — 
 
 cm. leva. 
 
 9x12 20 
 
 10x15 30 
 
 12x16 35 
 
 13x18 40 
 
 18x24 60 
 
 British students who may desire to study manuscripts without 
 visiting the country" should apply direct to the Director of the 
 National Libraries at Sofia or at Philippopohs, to the Bulf^arian 
 Academy of Sciences, to the Administration of the Rila MoDasterv, 
 or to the Holy Synod or other scientific institutions in Bulgaria, 
 directly, for information. 
 
 I have, &c. 
 
 WILLIAM EESKINE. 
 
 CHINA. 
 
 Despatch, dated December 6, 1921, from Sir Beilby Alston to the 
 
 Marquess Ciirzon of Kedleston. 
 My Lord, Velnng. 
 
 In reply to your Lordship's circular despatch of the 22nd August 
 last I have the honour to supply the following information 
 
concerning the Peking National Library and its branches (Ching-shih 
 T'u-shu Kuan and Fen Kuan). The removal of works from the 
 library for any purpose is not permitted, but — 
 
 (rt.) Special permission for the taking of photographs of 
 
 manuscripts and printed books is necessary in each 
 
 instance. 
 (b.) Application must be made to the Ministry of Education; in 
 
 the case of a foreigner such application is best made 
 
 through his Legation, 
 (c.) There is no authorised photographer; scholars desiring 
 
 photographs can have them taken by any photographer 
 
 they desire. 
 (d.) The cost of photographing must be arranged by the scholar 
 
 with the photographer employed by him. 
 (e.) Fees are payable varying from 1 dollar to 4 dollars per 
 
 Chinese volume in the case of photographs (and from 
 
 50 cents to 2 dollars in the case of copying) , according 
 
 to the antiquity of the work and the fragility of the paper 
 
 on which it is written or printed ; these fees may be 
 
 remitted in special oases. 
 
 Photographers at Peking having a knowledge of English and 
 qualified to do the work are Mr. Zumbrum, of the Camera Craft 
 Company, and Mr. Lemunyon, both American, citizens. Their 
 charges would be high, and it would on that ground be preferable in 
 many cases to employ a Chinese copyist, if all that is required is a 
 working copy and not a facsimile. In the event of any British 
 scholar desiring to have copies made of any of the works in the 
 Peking National Library, and not having connection with private 
 persons at Peking able to arrange this for him, the Chinese 
 secretariat of the Legation would have no difficulty in engaging a 
 copyist for the purpose, but could, of course, take no responsibility 
 for the accuracy of the copy made. In offering this assistance, it is, 
 of course, presumed that occasions on which it was demanded would 
 not be frequent. 
 
 The library rule^ provide that if any work copied or photc^aphed 
 at the Ubrary be at any time published, five copies must be given 
 to the library. There are also limitations on the number of volumes 
 which may be copied or photographed at any one time. 
 
 A catalogue of the works in the library is stated to have been 
 prepared, but has not yet been published. 
 
 I have, &c. 
 
 B. ALSTON. 
 
 CZECHOSLOVAKIA. 
 
 Despatch, dated Februanj 7, 1922, frum Mr. John Cecil to the 
 Marquess Curzun of Kedleston. 
 
 My I^O'^'i. British Legation, Prague. 
 
 I HAVE the honour to furnish the particulars requested in your 
 Lordship's circular despatch of the 22nd August, 1921. These 
 particulars apply equally to the following libraries: — 
 
 The University Library of Prague. 
 
 The Museum of the Kingdom of Bohemia, Prague. 
 
The Library of the Eoyal Canonry of the Order ol 
 
 Praemonstratensians, Strahov, Prague IV. 
 The Provincial and University Library, Brno. 
 The Provincial Archives of Moravia. 
 The Library of the Komensky University, Bratislava. 
 
 (a.) Permission must be obtained in every individual case when 
 it is desired to photograph a manuscript or printed book. 
 
 (b.) Applications should be addressed to the director or curator of 
 the library or museum. 
 
 (c.) There is no authorised (" attitre ") photographer. 
 
 The most reliable firm is : Jan Stenc, Salvatorska 8, Prague I. 
 Others recommended are : Husni'k and Haeusler, Zi^kov, Husinecka 
 950, Prague ; Dr. Eduard Grogr, Halkova 1406, Prague II ; " Unie ' 
 Czech Company (Limited) , Svobodova 1961 , Prague IV ; Emanuel 
 ProchAzka, Groesslingova 19, Bratislava. 
 
 (d.) The prices are a matter of arrangement with the 
 photographer. 
 
 I have, &c. 
 
 JOHN CECIL. 
 
 DENMAEK. 
 
 Despatch, dated September 13, 1921, jroDi Sir (.'diaries Marlinj to the 
 
 Marquess Curzun of Kedleston. 
 My Lord, Copenhagen. 
 
 With reference to your Lordship's circular of the 22nd August, 
 I have the honour to report that manuscripts and books belonging 
 to the Eoyal Danish Library may be photographed without special 
 permission, but only by the photographer attached to the library. 
 Applications should be addressed: — 
 Til det fotografiske Ateliur, 
 
 Det kongelige Bibliotek, 
 
 Kristiansgade, 
 
 Copenhagen. 
 A price list is attached. 
 
 In order to obtain photographs of manuscripts and books in the 
 Copenhagen University Library application should be made to the 
 Chief Librarian (Overbibliotekar) , Hr. Sofus Larsen (Address: 
 Universitetsbiblioteket, Copenhagen) . Photographs are executed 
 by the photographer of the library, and prices range from 3 kroner a 
 copy in the size of 9 cm. x 12 cm. to 15 kroner in 24 cm. x 30 cm. 
 
 I have, &c. 
 
 CHAELES M. MAELING. 
 
 Price List of the Photographic Studio of the Royal Library, 
 Copenhagen. 
 
 1. One copy on albuminised paper — 
 
 cm. kr. 
 
 13x18 5 
 
 18x24 
 24 X 30 
 30x40 
 40x50 
 50x60 
 
 9 
 15 
 25 
 35 
 50 
 
10 
 
 Additional copies from the same plate 33J per cent, of the price 
 of the first copy. 
 
 For the use of orthochromatic plates an additional charge of 
 
 33J per cent, is made. 
 
 2. Photographic reproductions by the Wiedemann method 
 (direct photography on paper without a plate), white on black: — 
 cm. kr. 0re. 
 
 13x18 1 
 
 18x20 110 
 
 18x24 1-35 
 
 20x26 1-60 
 
 24x30 2 
 
 30x40 4 
 
 40x55 8 
 
 Negatives for lantern slides, 2 kroner 50 0re. 
 
 EGYPT. 
 
 (A.) Cairo. 
 
 (1.) The most important public library in Cairo is the Sullania 
 Library, Sharia Mohamed Ali, Cairo, under the Ministry of Educa- 
 tion. 
 
 (a.) The manuscripts and rare books treasured in the S altania 
 Library are not allowed outside the building. 
 
 [b.) Photographs of manuscripts and printed books can be taken 
 by approved persons inside the library. There is no authorised 
 (" attitre ") photographer. The Director of the Library, further, does 
 not know of any local photographer who could be relied upon to do 
 such work satisfactorily. 
 
 (c.) The question of setting aside a room in the Sultania Library 
 for the special purpose of phr)tographing manuscripts, and of providing 
 apparatus (photostat or rotograph) for printing white-on-black 
 (negative) copies direct by photography is under considLTafcion. If 
 this proposal is carried out, the Sultania Library will eventually be in 
 a position itself to take copies of manuscripts for private individuals 
 at fixed charges. 
 
 (d.) In the meantime, the only apparatus of the kind in Egypt is 
 in the Survey Department at Giza. 
 
 The Surveyor-General of Egypt states : — 
 
 We could undertake to supply an operator until such time as 
 we have trained one for the library. We should be very pleased 
 to give the Director of the Sultania Library any technical advice 
 with regard to the purchase of the instrument. We .20uld also 
 undertake a limited amount of reproductions until such a time as 
 the library has purchased and installed their machine, but in order 
 for this to be done it would be necessary for the manuscripts to 
 be sent to our Photo-Ofhce at Giza. 
 
 " The price of this work would be approximately the same as 
 that quoted by Mr. Fleming, viz., Is. 4(/. each for the 
 21 cm. X 16 cm." 
 
11 
 
 (e.) In special cases the Director of the Siiltania Library- would 
 be willing, as a temporary exception, to allow photographs to be taken 
 by the Survey Department at the Euproduction Office of that Depart- 
 ment at Giza, provided that the manuscript remained in the charge 
 of his own staff. 
 
 (/.) To ascertain whether any work was available in the library 
 and under what conditions it would be possible to obtain a ph-oto- 
 graphic copy of the work, it would be necessary to enquire from the 
 J^irector of the Library. 
 
 (g.) The only advice or warning that need be given is that it would 
 probably be necessary for payment to be made in advance, or a 
 guarantee of payment to be supplied. 
 
 [h.) If the applicant publishes the copy or makes it the basis of 
 any published work, the Sultania Library will expect to be supplied 
 gratis with at least two copies of any such publications. 
 
 (2.) Foreign non-Moslem students are allowed to utilise the 
 Library of Al-Azhar provided they obtain a previous permissioii from 
 the Eector of Al-Azhar. 
 
 All books obtainable in the above-mentioned library are enume- 
 rated as well in the Sultania Library catalogues, and certain books are 
 obtainable as well in the Azhar Library and are not found in the 
 Sultania Library. 
 
 (3.) The Sultania Geographical Society. — The Secretary-General 
 is willing to give assistance to students desirous of obtaining photo- 
 graphic copies of documents, Ac, in the Society's collections. The 
 photographer generally employed is M. Orofesi, who is used to this 
 kind of work, and can also make slides for the magic lantern. 
 
 (B.) Alexandria: The Municipal Library. 
 
 (a.) Photographs of manuscripts or books can be freely taken; but 
 special permission is necessary to borrow them, and they are not lent 
 outside Alexandria. 
 
 (h.) Application should be made to the Director-General of the 
 Municipality. 
 
 (c.) There is no authorised photographer. 
 
 (d.) The price must be settled with the photographer chosen. 
 
 (e.) The Administration will be always well disposed to facilitate 
 any scientific research and to forward any information requested. 
 
 FEANCE. 
 
 franslation of a note, dated September 15, 1921, from the French 
 Minisiry for Foreign Affairs to the British Embassy at Paris, 
 replying to questions (a)- (J) contained in Lord Curzons circular 
 despatch of August 22, 1921. 
 
 (a.) Bequests for photographs of pages or fragments of printed 
 books or manuscripts, or of objects in the collection of prints, should 
 specify each object with precision and contain all necessary references 
 (number, description, &c.) to ensure their identification and prepara- 
 tion for the photographic studio. All requests must be made 
 separately, and permission is given separately in each case. 
 
 lb.) Bequests must be made in writing to the Administrator- 
 General of the National Library. 
 
12 
 
 (c.) There is no authorised photographer. The choice of a photo_ 
 grapher is left to the applicant, who specifies the name and .address of 
 the operator whom he chooses, and the latter is informed of the day 
 when the studio is put at his disposition. 
 
 (d.) The Administration is not concerned with fixing the price of 
 photographs; these vary according to the operators selected, the 
 number and size of the plates, &c. 
 
 GERMANY. 
 
 [Thk German Government were asked for the desired information 
 on the 2iid September, 1921, but no reply has been received.] 
 
 GEEEGE. 
 
 Despatch, dated September 23, 1921, from Earl Granville to the 
 Marquesn Gurzuti of Kedleston. 
 My Lord, Athens. 
 
 1 iLwii the honour to inform vour Lordship, with reference to your 
 Lordshi[)'s circular despatch of the 22nd August, 1921 (paragraph 3), 
 that, lis regards the two principal libraries in Athens, the National 
 Library and the Library of the Chamber of Deputies : — 
 
 (a.) Photographs of MSS. and printed books can be taken, but 
 permission has to be obtained in each case. 
 
 (b.) Application should be made to the Directors of the Libraries. 
 
 {(■.) There is no authorised photographer. 
 
 (d.) Prices of photographs and rotographs vary from time to time, 
 owing to the exchange : they would be on the whole cheaper 
 than in England, but not so good in quality. 
 
 (e.) ISritish scholars would sa\"e time if they applied for permis- 
 sion to photograph at the earliest possible date. Consider- 
 able delay is unavoidable both in obtaining permission and 
 in getting the photographs taken. 
 
 As regards MSS. and books not in Athens but in the libraries of 
 monasteries, t.(/.. Mount Athos, &c., the expense in having photo- 
 graphs taken would be heavy, as the photographer would have to 
 make a special journey and a competent person to supervise the work 
 would have to accompany him. 
 
 In any case, I would recommend that British scholars in dl these 
 matters should write in the first instance to the Director of the British 
 School of Archaeology for his advice and assistance. 
 
 I have, &c. 
 
 GEANVTLLE. 
 
 HUNGAEY. 
 
 Note, daicd October 25, 1021, from the Hungarian Ministiij for 
 Foreign Affairs to the British Legation at Budapest. 
 
 In answer to the questionnaire forwarded to the Mini-;ter lor 
 Foreign Affairs on the 5th September regarding the facilities for 
 
13 
 
 acquiring photographic copies of manuscripts in the possession of 
 Hungarian libraries, after enquiries made at the heads of the several 
 libraries the following information is available : — 
 
 (a.) A special permission is necessary in each instance for the 
 taking of photographs of manuscripts anil printed books. 
 
 (h.) Application for permission should be made to the Director of 
 the Library. 
 
 (c.) There is no authorised photographer for this work. 
 
 (rf.) The price of photographs, as of all other articles, varies so 
 greatly that no useful information can be given on this 
 subject. 
 
 (e.) Several works treat of the rare books and manuscripts in our 
 libraries, publishing facsimiles of the same, and these might 
 facilitate their study for British scholars without their 
 actually visiting Hungarian libraries. Some such works, 
 whether in Hungarian or other languages, are doubtless to 
 be found in the large hbraries of Great Britain. 
 
 It may be added that the Director of the Library of the National 
 Museum gives similar permission on condition of receiving one copy 
 of the photograph taken, for the photograph collection of the museum 
 library. In this library photographs are taken by the authorised 
 photographer of the archaeological collection of the museum, Andrew 
 Lehoczky, to be foimd during office hours (9-15) in the premises of the 
 Archaeological (Collection of the National Museum (VIII, Muzeum 
 korut 14-16). The Library of the National Museum has a considerable 
 number of photographs of charters, manuscripts, &c., and though 
 these are not yet catalogued, much labour might be saved by the 
 photographer, furnished with the necessary directions, looking 
 through these, for in case of the desired copies not being to hand such 
 could easily be made from the existing negatives. 
 
 ITALY. 
 
 Memoranduvi, dated September 13, 1921, by Dr. Ashby, Director of 
 the British School in Rome. 
 
 Questions (a) and (b). 
 
 Permission to photograph MSS. or printed books should be asked 
 from the Director or Curator of the Library in each case. This is only 
 reasonable, inasmuch as some local scholar or another foreign student 
 may be working on the same MSS., and the Director would naturally 
 wish to safeguard his rights if he were contemplating a publication. 
 
 Questions (c) and (d). 
 
 A list of the most important libraries in Italy is annexed. Prices 
 are likely to vary a great deal, but the exchange is such that .inything 
 will seem cheap as compared with England : — 
 Bologna. — University Library. 
 Communal Library. 
 Florence. — Biblioteca Nazionale. 
 Mediceo-Laurenziana . 
 Eiccardiana. 
 Photographers attached to library. 
 
14 
 
 *Milan. — Ambrosiana. Apply to Prefect. 
 *Montecassino. — Benedictine Library. 
 Naples. — Nazionale. 
 \Rome. — *Vatican. Apply to Prefect. 
 Viotorio Emanuele. 
 Casanatense. 
 Chigi. 
 Turin. — Nazionale . 
 
 Photographer : E. Baglione, Istituto Archeologico, Via 
 Po, 18 (good). 
 Venice. — Marciana. 
 
 Besides these there are State archives in almost all the large 
 towns, the most important being Bologna, Florence, Rome, Milan, 
 Naples, Palermo, Turin, Venice and Verona, to which the same rules 
 would apply. 
 
 Question (e). 
 
 It is suggested that photographers not already known should be 
 asked to furnish estimates of any work to be carried out unless it is 
 only a leaf or two ; that it is no use sending British postal orders or 
 cheques to such people; that money orders are slow, but the only 
 way unless the student persuade someone to effect payment locally 
 for him, and that he should insist on the photographer registering any 
 photographs he may send. He should also specify that glass nega- 
 tives, if taken, are to lie liis property, and make sure they are to be 
 sent to him by parcel post. 
 
 Further particulars as to the photographers who may be most 
 suitably employed to take photographs in the provincial Italian 
 libraries : — 
 
 Ambrosiana Tjihrari/, Milan. — Any photographer can obtain per 
 mission to photograph the manuscripts or printed books, but the 
 photographers who do most of this kind of work are Messrs. Lissone 
 and Co., 18, Piazza del Duomo, Milan. 
 
 National Lihrarij, Naples. — The photographer who is usually 
 emplojed for making photographic reproductions of manuscripts and 
 printed books and who carries out his work conscientiou.sly and 
 accurately is M. Ferdinando Lembo, Via Domenico Morelli, 37 (gia 
 Via Pace), Naples. 
 
 Marciana Library, Venire. — The services of a photog'-apher, 
 Signor Giovanni Capriolis, are retained at this library, and he can be 
 found there. Before a book or manuscript can be photographed, per- 
 mission must be requested from the Director of the Library, aad the 
 [taper containing the request must bear a stamp of the value of 
 1.05 lire. One copy of the photographs taken must be deposited at 
 the library. 
 
 The Bologna Libraries. — The authorised photographer of the 
 University Library is a certain Signor Vincenzo Perazzo, cf Via 
 
 * Not under Q-oTernment administration. 
 
 t A good photographer for the Vatican and elsewhere in Kome is Sansaini, Via 
 Antonio Scialoia. His charges are — 
 
 Lire. 
 For negatives 13 x 18 ... ... ... ... ... 15 
 
 18 X 24 
 21 X 27 
 24 X 30 
 30 X 40 
 
 25 
 30 
 40 
 50 
 
15 
 
 Belle Arti 56, but owing to his other duties he is seldom available. 
 Under these circumstances advantage has on several occasions been 
 taken of the services of an employee of the librarj', Signer Angelo 
 Biagi, who has executed the work to the satisfaction of the parties 
 concerned. 
 
 With regard to the Communal Library, there is no authorised 
 photographer, but Cav. Giovanni Castelli, of Via Marsili 15, has been 
 employed for such work, and has carried it out not only admirably but 
 also for a very reasonable charge. 
 
 Appendix. 
 
 Memoran(iuiii on facilities for Photographic Reproduction in the 
 Vatican Library. 
 
 Permission is given to photograph codices and printed matter in 
 the librarj' in order to avoid for students the expense of travel and an 
 unnecessarj- sojourn in Rome. There are a few exceptions to this rule, 
 such as in the ease of specially rare manuscripts which have been 
 reproduced in the collection " Codices e Vaticanis solecti phototypice 
 expressi," " Collezioni archeologiche, artistiche e numismatiche dei 
 Palazzi Vaticani," "La Piante maggiori di Pioma " and " Studi e 
 Testi." In special cases, however, photographs of small size and in 
 restricted number can be granted of these special copies. 
 
 The Vatican Library does not insist on keeping two copies of 
 photographs made by students, although it would prefer to possees 
 one copy of any work which is based wholly or in part on the library 
 codices. 
 
 Applications should be made direct to the Prefect of the Library 
 (not through the photographers) by the parties interested, either on 
 the prescribed form or by letter, giving precise details — number and 
 folio of codex, size and quality of photograph (black on white or on 
 glass (negative?), the number of copies, name of photographer chosen 
 the precise use to be made of the reproduction, i.e., for personal use 
 (for study, comparison or copying) or for palajographical collections 
 to be exhibited in public libraries or for the study of palaeography in 
 schools, or for photo-mechanical reproductions to be published in 
 commercial papers. 
 
 In the last case, if it is a question of a complete reproduction of an 
 entire text or a collection of miniatures, engravings, bindings, &c., 
 the permission must be referred to and given by the Council of the 
 Library, who will decide if the object in question is one of those 
 reserved for publication by the office. 
 
 The Vatican Library possesses and places at the disposal of 
 operators a photographic studio with dark room, but it has not its own 
 photographer, nor does it concede privileges or recognise special 
 photographers, but gives permission indiscriminately to all students 
 with a knowledge of photography as well as to professional photo- 
 graphers who are known to treat the exhibits with due circumspection 
 and care. 
 
 For many years the Committee has been accustomed to employ 
 Signor Pompeo Sansaini as photographer. 
 
 The Direction, if required to do so, will communicate commis- 
 sions to the photographers, will find and produce the objects to be 
 reproduced and will recommend the greatest accuracy and care in 
 
16 
 
 execution, but will not be responsible for omissions or accidental 
 errors on the part of the committee or photographer nor for delays m 
 execution or of payment. 
 
 The Direction would, however, be grateful to know of any abuse 
 in charges, &c., in order to be able to take the necessary precautions. 
 
 Care should be taken to indicate exactly the division (fondo) (the 
 Vatican Library has many), the language and number of the codices, 
 their folios or, at any rate, the exact text desired, adding, if possible, 
 the first and last words, when it is unpublished or rare, and the title. 
 Indication should also be made of the place where the book desired 
 is kept, other than information given in the printed catalogue, so that 
 in the not infrequent case of incomplete or erroneous data the 
 Librarian may identify and remedy the error without too great loss 
 of time. 
 
 Students are begged to study the catalogues carefully before 
 applying for material, so as to gain a general idea of the formation of 
 the Apostolic Library, consulting the historical summaries of the 
 library and some useful index, such as Gardthausen's " Sammlungen 
 und Kataloge griechischer Handschriften. " 
 
 NETHBELANDS. 
 
 Despatch, dated October G, 1921, from Mr. Knatchbull-Hugessen to 
 
 the Marquess Curzon of Kedleston. 
 My Lord, The Hague. 
 
 With reference to your Lordship s circular of the 22nd August 
 last, requesting certain particulars in regard to the libraries uf first- 
 rate importance in the Netherlands, I have the honour to furnish you 
 with the following information, which I have been able to obtain from 
 Dr. A. W. Byvanok, the Acting Librarian of the Koninklijke Biblio- 
 theek at The Hague. 
 
 For British scholars. Dr. Byvanck considers that the following 
 collections are of most importance : — 
 
 The Koninklijke Bibliotheek. 
 
 The Museum Meermanno-Westreeuianum (under the same 
 
 direction) at The Hague. 
 The University Libraries in Leyden and Utrecht. 
 The Library of the Koninklijke Akademie van Wetenschap- 
 
 pen (Eoyal Academy of Science) and the University 
 
 Library in Amsterdam. 
 
 (a.) In the libraries referred to above a special permission is 
 necessaiy in each iustance before photographs of manuscripts and 
 printed books may be taken. 
 
 (b.) Application should always be made to the Director of the 
 Library. 
 
 (c.) The libraries at The Hague and Utrecht have their own 
 photographer belonging to the staff, so that photographs can be pro- 
 cured for scientific purposes at specially low prices. 
 
 The University of Leyden had a specially authorised photographer, 
 who died not long ago, and his successor has not yet assunied his 
 duties . 
 
 The libraries in Amsterdam recommend a photographer, Alex 
 Eratsch, Stadhouderskade 88, Amsterdam. Dr. Byvanck however 
 
17 
 
 does not know anything of this man's work and recommends also the 
 nrm ot !-• van Leer, Kustenburgerstraat 19, Amsterdam (address in 
 London: 30-31, Newgate Street, E.G. 1)'. 
 
 Ti, (''„) ^"""^s of photographs can only be given for the libraries in 
 ihe H&gue and Utrecht : — 
 
 The Hague. Photographs — 
 
 9 X 12 first print and plate 
 13x18 
 18x24 
 24x30 
 30x40 
 
 Rotographs — 
 
 9x12 ... 
 
 13x18 ... 
 
 18x24 ... 
 
 24x30 ... 
 
 Utrecht. Photographs— 
 
 9 X 12 first print 
 13x18 
 18x24 
 24x30 
 
 Rotographs — 
 
 9x12 ... 
 
 13x18 ... 
 
 18x24 ... 
 
 24x30 ... 
 
 (e.) Dr. Byvanck considers that, in most cases, requests f(,r loan^ 
 of manuscripts belonging to libraries in Holland need not bo addressed 
 through the diplomatic channel, but should be addressed direct to th-e 
 Librarian. The Museum Meermanno-Westreenianuni, however, is, 
 by reason of its foundation statutes, unable to lend manusci'ijjts on 
 any condition whatever. 
 
 I have, &c. 
 
 H. M. KNATGHBULL-HUGESSEN. 
 
 
 fl. 
 
 fl. 
 
 plate 
 
 0-90 next pr 
 
 int 0-15 
 
 ,, 
 
 1-60 
 
 0-30 
 
 > J 
 
 3-00 
 
 0-50 
 
 ,, 
 
 4-50 
 
 0-90 
 
 > ) 
 
 6-50 
 
 1-25 
 
 fl. 
 ... 0-20 
 ... 0-80 
 ... 0-40 
 ... 0-60 
 
 fl. 
 
 
 fl. 
 
 0-60 
 
 next print 
 
 010 
 
 1-00 
 
 ) > 
 
 0-30 
 
 2-00 
 
 ) > 
 
 0-20 
 
 3-50 
 
 > > 
 
 0-55 
 fl. 
 
 
 not 
 
 supplied 
 ... 0-20 
 ... 0-30 
 ... 0-50 
 
 NORWAY. 
 
 Translation of a note, dated October 22, 1921, frovi Dr. Rastad, the 
 Nonveijiaii Minister for Foreign Affairs, to Sir Mansfeldt Findlay, 
 British Minister at Christiania. 
 
 M. le Ministre, Christiania. 
 
 In a note dated the 6th September, 1921, you expressed a wish for 
 certain information regarding the extent to which permission is 
 granted to take photographs of manuscripts and printed books belong 
 ing to the most important public libraries in Norway. 
 
 [8155] o 
 
18 
 
 I have now the honour to state that the Ministry of Public Worship 
 and Education, to whom the matter was referred, have replied to the 
 various questions asked in your note as follows, the answers having 
 reference to the University Library : — 
 
 (a.) Permission to take photographs must be obtained on each 
 occasion from the Chief Librarian. 
 
 {b.) Application must be made to the Chief Librarian, not to the 
 photographer. 
 
 (c.) The library building contains a modern studio with a dark 
 room, which are placed at the disposal of private- photo- 
 graphers, gratis, but under control. In general, photo- 
 graphy outside the library is not permitted. There is no 
 authorised photographer, but as a rule the library recom- 
 mends the use of one of two special private photographers. 
 
 (d.) Prices are the subject of private arrangement between the 
 person giving the order and the photographer. 
 
 As regards the other Norwegian public libraries, it is stated that 
 none of them have their own studio or photographer. Permission to 
 take photographs must be obtained by making application to the 
 Librarian on each occasion. Prices are the subject of private arrange- 
 ment between the person giving the order and the photographer. 
 
 I have, &c. 
 
 E^STAD. 
 
 POLAND. 
 
 Despatch, dated September 28, 1921, from Mr. Max Mutter to the 
 Marquess Curzon of Kedleston. 
 
 My Lord Marquess, British Legation, Warsaw. 
 
 With reference lu your Lordshin'a circular despatch of the 22nd 
 August, I have the honour to report that the only public library in 
 this country containing manuscripts or rare printed books of much 
 interest to foreign students is that of the University at Cracow, usually 
 known as the Jagellonian Library. 
 
 I am informed that the manuscripts and books in that library can 
 be freely photographed on the spot without any permission other than 
 that of the official in charge for the time being, which can always be 
 obtained in a few minutes. If a manuscript has to be removed from 
 the library building in order to be photographed, any expenses 
 entailed in securing its safe cystody have to be met. There is no 
 authorised (" attitr^ ") photographer. The only condition imposed on 
 students desiring to photograph maniiscripts or books in the Jagel- 
 lonian Library is that they should present the library with a copy of 
 the work containing the photograph. In the present fluctuating state 
 of the Polish exchange it is, I fear, impossible to indicate even approxi- 
 mately the prices for photographs and rotographs, which are no doubt 
 increasing from month to month like all other prices in this country. 
 
 I have, &c. 
 
 W. MAX MULLEE. 
 
19 
 
 POETUGAL. 
 
 Despatch, dated October 20, 1921, from Sir Lancelot Carnegie to the 
 Marquess Curzon of Kedleston. 
 
 ^y I^oi'd, British Legation, Lisbon. 
 
 With reference to your circular despatch of the 22nd August last, 
 I have the honour to transmit to your Lordship herein such informa- 
 tion as I have been able to obtain in regard to taking photos of manu- 
 scripts and printed books in the three principal hbraries in Portugal, 
 viz., the National Library of Lisbon, the Municipal Library of Oporto 
 and the Library of the University of Coimbra. 
 
 1. National Library of Lisbon. — Photographs may be taken of 
 manuscripts and books on a written request to the Director, stating 
 what works it is desired to photograph. The library has no authorised 
 photographer, but work of the kind required is usually done by the 
 " Fotografia Inglez Lazarus," Eua Ivens, Lisbon. Mr. Lazarus is 
 a British subject and an excellent photographer. He informs me 
 that he can only take photos, as he has no apparatus for making 
 the cheaper copies of manuscripts, &c., white on black. Prices for 
 copies 8 in. by 6 in. cost approximately 25 to 30 escudos each, and 
 6 in. by 4 in. about 20 escudos, a reduction being made when a number 
 of copies are ordered at the same time. Extra copies from the same 
 negative cost 3 escudos 500 reis for 8 in. by 6 in. and 2 escudos 500 reis 
 for 6 in. by 4 in. 
 
 2. Municipal Library at Oporto. — There is no objection to the 
 taking of photographs of manuscripts, &c., but permission has first 
 to be obtained from the Direction. There is no authorised photo- 
 grapher, but Senhor Antonio Beleza, Eua do Bomjardim 268, Oporto, 
 can be recommended. 
 
 3. Library of Coimbra University. — Every facility will be given by 
 the Director to any British student who desires to have photograjjhs 
 taken of manuscripts, &o. There appears to be a photographer in 
 the confidence of the University, but I cannot ascertain his name. 
 No doubt the Director, who seems most willing to oblige, would supply 
 this information if applied to. 
 
 LANCELOT D. CAENEGIE. 
 
 EOUMANIA. 
 
 Translation of a note, dated November 9, 1921, fron} the Roumanian 
 Minister for Foreign Affairs to the British Minister at Bucliarest. 
 
 gir Bucharest. 
 
 In reply to the note which you were so good as to address tc me on 
 the 9th September last, I have the honour to transmit to you the 
 following information, which has been forwarded to me by the 
 Eoumanian Academy, on the subject of facilities for British professors 
 or students who desire to consult ancient books in the principal 
 Eoumanian libraries. , ,. , i 
 
 la ) The Library of the Eoumanian Academy has only pubhshed 
 descriptive and analytical catalogues for 728 (out of 4,694) Eoumanian 
 volumes and for 930 (out of 987) Greek volumes. 
 
20 
 
 (b.) Manuscripts can only be photographed by special aiirhorisa- 
 tion, to be obtained from the Librarian of the Academy. This 
 authorisation is given without difficulty or delay. 
 
 (c.) The Academy has its regular photographer; but photographs 
 may also be taken by any other operator. 
 
 (d.) The present price of photographs is as follows: — 
 
 1 copy. 2 copies. 10 copies, 
 
 lei. lei. lei. 
 
 13x18 cm. 150 300 500 
 
 18x24 cm. 200 400 600 
 
 If photographs of a larger size are required, or a greater number of 
 copies, special prices will be fixed in each instance. 
 
 (e.) In addition to the catalogues mentioned above, the Rou- 
 manian Academy has published a work entitled " Bibliografia 
 liomaneasca veche." by I. Biana and N. Hodos (1903-1912), which 
 deals with old books in Roumanian, or concerning Roumania, from 
 1508 to 1830. 
 
 I am not aware of any other special indications or reconimenda 
 tions which would be of value to students desiring to consult manu- 
 scripts or rare books in Roumanian libraries. 
 
 I am, &c. 
 
 DERUSSI, 
 Minister for Foreign Affairs. 
 
 SERBIA. 
 
 Despatch, dated December 13, 1921, from Sir Alban Young to the 
 Marquess Curzon of Kedleston. 
 
 My Lord, British Legation, Belgrade 
 
 With reference to yoiu- Lordship's circular despatch of the 22nd 
 August last, requesting me to obtain certain information regarding 
 the possibility and means of obtaining photographs of manuscripts 
 and printed books in the libraries in this country, I have the honour 
 to transmit herewith : — 
 
 (a.) Copy of a memorandum embodj'ing information on the 
 subject obtained from Professor Pavle Popovic, Professor of Literature 
 in the University of Belgrade ; and 
 
 [b.) Copy of a despatch received from His Majesty's Consul at 
 Zagreb, containing similar information regarding the libraries situated 
 in the latter city. 
 
 I have, &c. 
 
 ALBAN YOUNG. 
 
 Enclosure No. 1 in Belgrade Despatch of December 13, 1921. 
 
 Memoranduvi ■ 
 Theke are three hbraries in Belgrade: — 
 
 1. Academy ^ of Science. Director: Professor Ljubomir 
 Stojanovic. 
 
 2. University Library. Director: Professor Pavle Popovic. 
 
 3. Natio7ial Library. Director: M. Jovan Tomic. 
 
21 
 
 ^hoilH hi «H • "^PPlf '^t'ons t" photograph books and manuscripts 
 £ 1h^ addressed to the Director in each case: no difficullies will 
 nnl^ 1=; ""'^ ""fy ^''''' °1^1 manuscripts, the University itself 
 
 mIIZIT n ^ '"'''" ^""'^^^^ °^ "I'i Slavonic texts from the 
 
 Zrf^f ^ . ''''°''°- ^^^'"^ ^^'^ ^"«^be^'« scattered about the 
 various monasteries. 
 
 The University would not be unwining to lend books or manu- 
 scripts If necessary, provided that a Uni^•ersitv or a Library will 
 guarantee that they will be proi)eily treated. 
 
 (c.) There is no authorised photographer. 
 
 (d.) A photographer at Belgrade who is able and willing to under- 
 take work of this nature is Milan Savio, Knez Mihailova Ulica 21, 
 Belgrade. He undertakes work of a similar nature for the Ministry of 
 Interior, and appears in every way very competent. 
 
 [e.) Nil. 
 
 Enclosure No. 2 in Belgrade Despatch of December 13, 1921, 
 
 British Consulate, 
 Sir, Zagreb, November 30, 1921. 
 
 With reference to your despatch of the 14th instant, I have the 
 honour to furnish the following information on the subject of the 
 libraries in Zagreb and the possibility of obtaining either the loan of 
 manuscripts, &c., or photographs thereof: — 
 
 The principal libraries are the following : — 
 
 1. Kraljevska sveucilisna knjiznica (Eoyal University Library) 
 possesses a very large number of manuscripts and incunabula. Loans 
 are permitted through the diplomatic channel. Eeijiiests should be 
 addressed to the Kr. Zemaljska Vlada, Odjel za bogoltovlje i niistavu, 
 both for loans and permission to photograph. 
 
 2. Knjiznica jugoslavenske akademije (Library of the Southern 
 Slav Academy). Is also rich in manuscripts and original documents 
 Requests for loans and permission to photograph to be addressed to 
 the President of the Academy. 
 
 3. Bibliotheca Capituli metropolitanae Ecclesiae Zagrabiensis. 
 Very rich in valuable old manuscripts and incunabula. Loans would 
 perhaps be possible, though no precedent exists. Permission to 
 photograph readily given. Bequests should be addressed to Kaptol 
 prvostolne, crkve, Zagreb. 
 
 4. Knjiznica kraljevskog hrvatskog slavonskog zemaljskog arkiva 
 (Library of the Eoyal Croatian-Slavonian Government Archives). 
 Very rich in manuscripts, books and documents. Loans through 
 diplomatic channel permitted, for which request should be made to 
 the President of the Provincial Government. Photographs may be 
 taken on application being made to the Director of the Archives. 
 
 None of the above institutions possesses an official photographer, 
 and it is doubtful if any Zagreb photographer i_s fitted for this class of 
 work. Possibly the " Tipografia Press," Preradovicev trg 9, Zagreb, 
 would be capable of dealing with such orders, but not even an approxi- 
 mate idea of the cost can be given, as prices vary daily. ^ 
 
 None of the libraries mentioned possess printed catalogues of their 
 old manuscripts and books, 
 
 [8155] » 
 
22 
 
 Dr. Ivan pi. Bojnicic, the Director of the Eoyal Croatian Pro- 
 vincial Government Archives, to whom I am indebted for the fore- 
 going details, will be glad to lurniah any further information rdquired, 
 and in general to promote closer acquaintanceship between scholars 
 of tile two countries. 
 
 I have, &c. 
 
 G. T. MACLEAN. 
 
 SPAIN. 
 
 'Thk Spanish Ministry of State has informed Sir Esme Howard, 
 His Aiajesty's Ambassador at Madrid, on the 18th April, 1922, that 
 the Spanish Ministry of Education have placed the questions raised 
 in Lord Curzon's circular despatch of the 22nd August, 1921, before 
 the Facultative Commission of Archives, Libraries and Museums. 
 It is probable that this body will not report for some time, and 
 meanwhile the following extracts from the Pegulations of the Public 
 Libraries of the State in Spain are in force : — ■ 
 
 The special permission of the head of the library is required to 
 photograph valuable codices. The latter should grant it only when 
 the applicant proves his intention of making scientific or artistic use 
 thereof, and always on the understanding that it be done in a manner 
 which will not cause the codex to be damaged or deteriorated. 
 
 The special permission of the head of the library is also required 
 for examining the codices and manuscripts outside the glass cases in 
 which thej' are exhibited. 
 
 There is no> photograpner specially authoris.'d by th'e library, and 
 therefore any person or the interested party can take the photographs 
 under the immediate supervision of the employees cf the library. 
 
 Loans for abroad can only be authorised throiigh diplomatic 
 channels and under the express condition of the works being 
 deposited in a public library for consultation. 
 
 This concession will be made only to those countries who extend 
 °imilar advantages to Spain. 
 
 Special reports, dated the 22nd, 25th and 26th April, 1922, 
 respectively, have been received as regards the University Library at 
 Valencia, the ' ' Archive de la Corona de Aragon ' ' at Barcelona, and the 
 Biblioteca Colombina at Seville, as follows: — 
 
 Valencia. 
 
 (n) and ('».) Photographs of manuscripts and printed books may 
 be taken at any time by making application for a permit to the 
 director of the library, on the condition that a copy of each photo- 
 graph taken be deposited with the director, and in the event of any 
 book being illustrated with the photographs taken in the library, a 
 copy of the work must be furnished in the same manner. 
 
 {(■.) There is no official pliotographer. Sev.'ral photographs of the 
 manuscripts have been taken by Don Jos^, Grollo, Calle Pintor 
 Sorolla 3, Valencia, who would supply copies if required at 
 ;" p sctas each. 
 
 (d.) D. Jos^ Grollo would at any time undertake photographs at 
 the library, either small, medium or large size, at 20 pesetas each, 
 for a minimum of three photographs. 
 
 (e.) The l-niversity Library of Valencia is one of the most complete 
 in Spain, and a catalogue in three volumes, by El Licdo. D. Marpeling 
 
23 
 
 Barcelona. 
 
 for ionsSin "■r"^'?'"''* ?^. *''" /^''^^^^^ gi^^« ^'11 possible facilities 
 Dhoto^r m HI pn"'" V',"^^?" ^"'""e photographs; one copy of each 
 photograph taken must be left with the Archivo 
 
 In Corin^T T*'°'^ '^?,"^'^ ^,' "'"^^" *°' ^''''°' ^'"^'^"^ del Archivo de 
 la Ooiona de Aragon, Barcelona. 
 
 (c.) There is no official photographer to the Archivo 
 
 (".j bee previous answer. 
 
 (e.) It is absolutely and rigorously prohibited to take any book 
 vTOi-k, manuscript or other object whatever out of the building as 
 each specimen is unique. °' 
 
 Sex'ille. 
 
 (a) and (h.) Photographs of printed books in the Biblioteea 
 Colombma may be taken without any special permission but 
 permission must be obtained from the dir,.etor in the case of manu- 
 scripts. A letter should be addressed to this gentleman, statin.' the 
 manuscripts it is desired to photograph and the objects for whieli 
 the photographs are required. 
 
 (c.) There is no photographer specially authorised, but this work 
 IS generally done through the agency of Sefior Navas, who can be 
 communicated with at the " Lonja," Seville. 
 
 (d.) Prices are according to bargain with the photograplier, but 
 8 pesetas a copy seems to be an average jirice. 
 
 '<■.) It does not appear probable that any diflficulty would arise, 
 as, owing to the interest of Americans in these records, photographs 
 are being constantly taken. 
 
 SWEDEN. 
 
 Meniorandnm, dated December 2, 1921, jurnished by the Flivedish 
 Ministry for Foreign Affairs to the British Legatimi at Stid'hohn 
 regarding the possibility of obtaining Photographs, Manuscripts, 
 and Books from the most important Swedish Libraries. 
 
 In consequence of queries in a letter from the British Leg dion to 
 the Eoyal Ministry for Foreign Affairs of the 12th September lust, on 
 the above subject, the heads of the Koyal Library, Stockholm, and 
 the Universitj' Libraries of Uppsala and Lund have been asked for 
 their opinions. 
 
 As regards the Iloyal Library, the State Librarian says that there 
 is nothing to prevent anyone from receiving any number of photo- 
 graphs or rotograph engravings of manuscripts and prints kept in the 
 Iloyal Library. He replies to the questions as follovi's : — 
 
 (a.j (fc.) Photographs may be taken of manuscripts and books on 
 reference being made to the Eoyal Library, which arranges for the 
 photographs to be taken either by the staff of the Eoyal Library, in 
 such cases where the rotograph engraving process (black-and-whit, 
 photographs) is considered sufficient, or by the chemigraphists who 
 
24 
 
 usually undertake photographs aud reproductions for the Eoyal 
 Library. 
 
 (c.) There is no authorised photographer. 
 {(1.) The price of rotograph engravings is: — 
 
 Large size (about 25 cm. x 35 cm.), 1 kr. per copy. 
 Small size (half of above size), 75 ore per copy. 
 
 The prices for ordinary photographs are at present : — 
 Size 30 cm. x 40 cm., for 1 photograph, 22 kr. 
 For at least 10 photographs, 17 kr. apiece. 
 Size 24 cm. x 30 cm., for 1 photograph, 17 kr. apiece. 
 I<'or at least 10 photographs, 12 kr. apiece. 
 Size 18 cm. x 24 cm., for 1 photograph, 14 kr. apiece. 
 For at least 10 photographs, 8 kr. apiece. 
 
 (e.) The library's instructions and rules should be consulted. 
 
 The Chief Librarian of the University Library at Uppsala replies 
 to the queries as follows : — 
 
 (a.) Permission must be apphed for in each separate case. 
 (b.) Application should be made to the Chief Librarian. 
 (c.) There is no special authorised photographer. The library, 
 however, usually employs E. L:son Finn, Dragarbrunnsgatan 48, 
 Uppsala. 
 
 [d.) The price of plates and photographs is quoted by M. Finn as 
 follows : — 
 
 Size 30 cm. x 40 cm., 1 plate with 1 copy, 40 kr. 
 
 If 2 plates and 1 copy of each are ordered, 30 kr. each. 
 
 If 3 plates and 1 copy of each arn ordered, 25 kr. each. 
 
 For further copies, 7'50 kr. eacn. 
 
 Size 24 um. x 30 cm., 1 plate with 1 copy, 18 kr., 15 kr. if 
 
 several plates are ordered. 
 For fiu'ther copies, 450 kr. each. 
 Size 18 cm. x 24 cm., 1 plate and 1 copy, 10 kr. 
 For further copies, 3 kr. each. 
 
 Rotograph engravings cannot be produced here. In cases of need 
 manuscripts and books can be sent to the Royal Library at Stockholm, 
 which can undertake the matter at the prices given by the State 
 Librarian above. 
 
 A grant for establishing a photographing section has, however, 
 been requested, and there is reason to suppose that the library will 
 soon be able to supply rotograph engravings. 
 
 (e.) Further details regarding the library's lending and borrowing 
 arrangements «ith foreign countries can be found in its regulations, 
 paragraph 55 (3-6). 
 
 In cases where photographs are not considered adequate to meet 
 the purpose of study, permission may be obtained to have the manu- 
 script or book in question sent to the British Museum or some other 
 library under the supervision of the British Government. 
 
 The Chief Librarian of the University Library of Lund replies to 
 the questions as follows : — 
 
 {a.) Photographs of books and manuscripts belonging to the 
 library may not be taken without the permission of the Chief Librarian 
 in each special instance (Library Rules, paragraph 32). 
 
 (6.) Application for permission should be made to the Chief 
 
Librarian. If the latter has given his permission arrangement may be 
 made with the photographer direct. 
 
 (c.) There is no authorised photographer, but either A. Rahmn, 
 Klostergatan, or J. Bagge, Bantorget 6, Lund, is generally employed, 
 (d.) M. Bagge quotes the following prices for photograph >■■, .' — 
 cm. kr 
 
 Size 8 X 11 .. ..3 
 
 ,, 11 X 15 6 
 
 17 X 23 10 
 
 ,, 23 X 29 15 
 
 for several plates of the same size, the respective prices are 
 2-75 kr., 5kr., 8 kr., 12 kr. 
 
 (e.) Manuscripts and rare books can, on certain conditions, be lent 
 to foreign libraries which grant reciprocity and which, as regards safe 
 custody, correspond to the University Library. For further details in 
 this respect, see the Library Eules, paragraph 54. 
 
 SWITZERLAND. 
 
 Translation of a Note, dated Deceyiher 15, 1921, jrom the Swiss 
 Political Department to the British Legation at Berne. 
 
 (a.) The Swiss Public Libraries possessing manuscripts or 
 ancient books are either cantonal or municipal institutions, or 
 foundations for legal studies. 
 
 (b.) Anyone desiring to photograph documents should send a 
 request to the management of the library in which the documents 
 are preserved. 
 
 (c.) Special photographs are attached to the Zurich and Basle 
 Libraries: elsewhere, outside photographers are employed. At 
 Geneva, photographic reproductions in the public library are 
 ordinarily made by M. Louis Molly, Eue du Rhone 2. 
 
 (d.) At Zurich (the central library) rotographs (size 
 18 cm. X 24 cm. only) cost 70 centimes each, or 60 centimes if the 
 order is for more than 20 sheets. 
 
 The price of photographs is as follows: — 
 
 cm. fr. fr. c. 
 
 Plate 9x12 ... 2 1 print ... 0-30 
 
 ,, 13x18 ... 3 ,, ... 0-50 
 
 ,, 18x24 ... 5 „ ... 1-0 
 
 ,, 24x30 ... 7 „ ... 1-50 
 
 One copy of each photograph must be given to the library. 
 
 At Basle (University Library) the price of photographs is as 
 
 follows: — 
 
 cm. tr. 
 
 Plate and 1 print 9x12 3 
 
 13x18 5 
 
 18x24 9 
 
 24x30 17 
 
 If a large order is given, there is a discount of 25 per cent 
 Negatives on paper (rotographs) 18 cm. x 24 cm. cost 1 fr. ; if 
 
 the order is large, 80 centimes ; if for more than 100 sheets, 
 
 60 centimes. 
 
26 
 
 At Geneva (the public library), the price of photographs is as 
 follows : — 
 
 cm. fr. fr. c. 
 
 Plate 9x12 ... 1-75 1 copy ... 0-35 
 
 ,, 13x18 ... 3-75 ,, ... 0-70 
 
 ,, 18x24 ... 5-0 ,, ... 1-20 
 
 At Berne (the municipal hbrary) there are no fixed regulations 
 on the subject. The management arranges for the execution of 
 photographs and rotographs by outside operators, at the same prices 
 as at the University Library of Basle. Similarly^ at other libraries 
 the managements make arrangements with outside photographers for 
 the execution of photographs for which they are asked. 
 
 At the Library of St. Gall enquirers should send a written request, 
 stating their requirements, to the Director of the Library. Photo- 
 graphs of manuscripts are generally made by M. L. Baumgartner, a 
 photographer of St. Gall, who himself quotes prices for the 
 reproductions. When a plate is made, a single print must be 
 presented to the library. 
 
 (c.) Special Instructions. — The public library of Geneva is the 
 only Swiss library which has special regulations on the subject, 
 which are as follows: — 
 
 1. The Administrative Council may grant permission for the 
 photographic reproduction of any object comprised in the collections. 
 
 2. Bequests for permission should be made in the following 
 form: — 
 
 I, the undersigned, 
 
 [name, style, address] 
 
 request permission to have a reproduction made of 
 
 belonging to the public and University Jjibrary o£ the City of Geneva. 
 
 I undertake to observe the regulations of the library, especially 
 not to make any other use of these reproductions than that 
 indicated below, and to send to the management of the library two 
 good prints (and, if possible, the plates). 
 
 Object of the reproduction 
 
 Name and address of the operator 
 
 [Date] 
 
 [ Signature] 
 
 N.B. — Anyone making, without express permission, other use of 
 the reproductions than that here indicated, is liable to judicial 
 proceedings. 
 
 3. The process of photographic or other reproduction must take 
 place within the precincts of the library, in the presence of, and, if 
 possible, in comphance with the directions of, an official. The 
 operator and the person who has given him the commission are liable 
 
27 
 
 for any accident due to their carelessness or to lack of compliance 
 with instructions given by the staff of the library. 
 
 4. Ihe applicant undertakes to give the library two good prints, 
 on unfading paper, of each of the objects reproduced. (This 
 regulation does not apply in the case of rotography or photography 
 in white or black, nor in the case of reproductions of priuted 
 documents.) 
 
 5. The library remains the proprietor of the plate, which cannot 
 be used without its permission for any purpose other than that 
 indicated by the applicant. It reserves the right of insisting on the 
 plate being handed over to its custody. 
 
 6. The Administrative Council reserves the right of prescribing 
 special regulations in cases where it considers such a proceeding 
 necessary. 
 
 TUEKEY. 
 
 Despatch, daicd October 13, 1921, from. Sir Horace Rumbold (i> the 
 Marquess Curzon of Kedleston. 
 
 My Lord, British High Coyi mission, Constantino pic. 
 
 With reference to your Lordship's circular des])atch of the 22n(l 
 August, asking for certain particular.'; concerning the libraries of first- 
 rate importance ■ in this country, I have the honour to report as 
 follows : — 
 
 (a.) Local libraries may be divided into four categories: ^1) those 
 under the control aud management of the .Ministry of Public Instruc- 
 tion; ^2) of the Ministry of Evkaf (Pious Foundations); (3) of the 
 Imperial Museum; and (4) of the Palace. Permission to tako photo 
 graphs of mannsci-ipts and printed books must be obtained beforehand. 
 
 [h.) Apphcation should be made to the Minister for Foreign Affairs 
 through the Diplomatic Mission of the State to which the applicant 
 belongs. 
 
 (f.) No. 
 
 (c/.) Messrs. Sebah and Joaillier, photographers, address, 439, 
 Grand'Eue de Pera, Constantinople, quote the follo\\in^' prices for 
 photographs of manuscripts taken in their studios: — 
 60 piastres for a page of 18 cm. by 24 cm. 
 90 piastres for a page of 24 cm. b}' oU cm. 
 
 For photographs taken outside their studios, for example, in a 
 library, these charges would be increased by ;j(i per cent. The rate of 
 exchange, which is subject to freijuent fluctuation, is at present 
 650 piastres to the £1 sterling. 
 
 I have, &c. 
 
 HOEACE EUMBOLD, 
 High Commissi Die I 
 
 UNITED STATES OF AMEEICA. 
 
 Uesiiatch, dated September 28, 1921, froiii Sir Auchland Gvddes tii 
 the Marquess Cury.an of Kedleston. 
 
 My Lord, Britisli Emhassi/, Washinolon. 
 
 With reference U-. your Loi'dsliip'^ circular (jf the 22u(l August, 
 I have the honour to inform \oin- Lordshin in reply to the qiiestioiitt 
 
28 
 
 raised therein, that so far as the Fiihrary of Congress at Washington is 
 concerned — 
 
 (a.) Photographs may be freely taken, subject only to two 
 provisos : — 
 
 1. If the material be manuscript, the chief or assistant in chai'ge 
 
 of the Division of Manuscripts must satisfy himself that 
 the manuscript is not one deposited vi'ith the library with 
 some condition against publicity or reproduction. 
 
 2. If the material be copyrighted, the person desiring the photo 
 
 graph is cautioned that the permission given by the library 
 does not protect him in the reproduction of the item from 
 possible infringement of the rights of the copyright 
 proprietor. 
 
 (fc.) The application is naturally addressed in the first instance to 
 the chief of the particular division (department) of the library, e.g.. 
 Manuscripts, Maps, Music, Print, &c., in which the. material is 
 located. In all ordinary cases the discretion of the assistant in charge 
 of that division suffices. Should any question arise, it is referred to 
 the Librarian. 
 
 (c.) There is no " authorised (' attitr^ ') photographer " attached 
 to the library. The staff of the library are, however, accustomed to 
 recommend a photographer named Handy, whom they know to be 
 skilled and reliable. His address is : L. C. Handy, 494, Maryland 
 Avenue, S.W., Washington, D.C. 
 
 (rf.) The charges for good photographic work being high, the 
 majority of people seoiu'ing reproductions from the library are content 
 with photostat prints. The usual charges for these are approximately 
 $2-00 for a print 8 inches by 10 inches and $5-00 for one of 18 inches 
 by 22 inches. 
 
 (e.) Other libraries, information as to whose practice may be 
 serviceable to British scholars, would be chiefly the larger libraries 
 of research possessing material in manuscript or unusual editions. 
 The following are the most important of these libraries : 
 
 Harvard University, Cambridge, Mass. 
 Boston Public Library, Boston, Mass. 
 Yale University, New Haven, Conn. 
 Prineetown University, Providence, R.I. 
 New York Public Library, New York City. 
 Cornell University, Ithaca, New York. 
 Brown University, Providence, E.I. 
 University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich. 
 University of Chicago, Chicago, 111. 
 Newberry Library, Chicago, 111. 
 The Hispanic Society, New York City. 
 University of California, Berkeley, Calif. 
 Leland Stanford Junior University, Stanford University, 
 Calif. 
 
 I have, &c. 
 
 AUCKLAND GEDDES. 
 
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