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 http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924101547796 
 
EARLY DAYS IN KANSAS 
 
 IN KEOKUK'S TIME ON 
 The Kansas Reservation 
 
 MOSES KEOKUK AND SON GHARLES--I860 
 CHARLES R. GREEN 
 
 Historian and Publisher 
 
 April, 1912 
 
 Olathe, Kansas 
 
 ,/, ' 
 
Huntington Free Library 
 
 Native American 
 Collection 
 
 CORNELL UNIVERSITY 
 LIBRARY 
 
CORNELL UNIVERSITY LIBRARY 
 
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 Sac & Fox Agency 
 Osage Co. Kansas. 
 
 Wm Whistler's Home 
 The Wigwam 
 
 Dr W iley 
 
 Henry Wiggans 
 ~ Black Smith 
 
 Arnolds' Hotel, house and mill 
 Sycamore st 
 
 Warner Craig 
 
 cr 
 o 
 
 The Old Indian 
 Trading store 
 
 INDIAN COUNCIL 
 HOUSE 
 
 AGENTS HOME 
 
 saw mill 
 3 House 
 
 IDrFENNs 
 
 Ifel 
 
 MAPLE STREET. 
 
 Ford to the East li^^ 
 
 Diagram showing about the probable location of buildings at the 
 AGENCY 1862-70', as indicated to me by George Logan 1906. Con- 
 firmed by plat of Quenemo filed June 1870 by Eankin & Stevens. 
 
GREEN'S HISTORICAL SERIES 
 
 Karly Days In Kansas. 
 
 IN KEOKUKS TIME 
 
 ON THE 
 KANSAS RESERVATION. 
 
 BEING VARIOUS INCIDENTS PERTAINING TO THE 
 KEOKUKS, THE SAC & FOX INDIANS. (Mississippi Band,) 
 AND TALES OF THE EARLY SETTLERS, LIFE ON THE 
 KANSAS RESERVATION, LOCATED ON THE HEAD 
 WATERS OF THE OSAGE RIVER, 1846—1870. 
 
 Nearly 20 ytars ago Judge F. G. Adams Sec'y of the Kan. Hist 
 Society, asked me to lookout for the best interests of the Society 
 in my Section. Especially the Sac & Fox Indians. I present only a 
 small part of my collections now. With no special printing fund 
 but pay as I progressed, I have invested some hundreds of dol- 
 lars in the last 12 years, and now I would like a little of it back to 
 enable me to finish up my Historical books. "It is up to you" ? 
 
 CHARLES R. GREEN. OLATHE, KANSAS. 
 Historian & Publisher. Member of Kan. State Historical Society. 
 Life member of the Fire Lands Historical Society Norwalk, Ohio. 
 JANUARY, 1913. 
 
In Keokuks Time 
 On The Kansas Reservation. 
 
 INDEX TO CONTENTS OF THIS BOOK 
 
 Old Chief Keokuk, the Watchful Fox 7 
 
 Old Chief Keokuk's Burial 9 
 
 Me son wak, or IJ^eokuk, Jr... 13 
 
 Agent James 1855-57 and the Annuities.... 14 
 
 The Return to Their Old Iowa Home in 1853-58 of the Poweshiek 
 
 Band of Foxes 16 
 
 A List of Sac and Fox Indian Agents and Dates 17 
 
 Partial List of the Traders to the Sac and Foxes —19 
 
 The Indian Twins, Fannie and Isaac Goodell 19 
 
 Elisha Olcott, Sr., Merchant at Baldwin 1863 21 
 
 The Rankins and William Whistler ...21 
 
 The 4000 Refugee Indians of 5 Tribes 1864 21 
 
 The Keokuk Family and Their Annuities 22 
 
 Amelia Mitchell Keokuk and Mary Mitchell Means, Half Sisters 22 
 
 Poligamy in the Sauk Tribe of Indians 22 
 
 Maj. Albert Wiley's Administration; and his Agency Papers 
 Loaned Me to Copy in 1904 by His Heir, Miss Iris M. Andrews 
 
 of Kenton, Ohio 23 
 
 History of the "Indian Delegation" to Washington, and its Ex- 
 penses to get the 1868 Treaty Through 23-27 
 
 Further History of the 1868 Sac and Fox Treaty 27-28 
 
 About Maj. Albert Wiley's Removal 28-30 
 
 Agent Hutchinson's Report 1862 31 
 
 Agent Martin's Report 1863 .32 
 
 Capt. Van Horn's Company of Negroes and Indians Raised at 
 
 Quenemo for the Civil War 32 
 
 Mr. and Mrs. R. P. Duvall's Labors with the Tribe .33-36 
 
 Marcus C. Rose of Newcastle, Pa., Teaches an Indian School 
 
 at Greenwood Agency 1854-55 33 
 
 Biography of Rev. R. P. Duvall 35 
 
Mrs. Julia Goodell's Conversion to Christianity S6 
 
 List of Mrs. R. P. Duvall's Mission School 37 
 
 Sam Blacif of Lyndon, Mrs. Luvall's Brother 3? 
 
 Mrs. Duvall's Historical Sketch of the Mission Scnool 40 
 
 Dr. E. B. Fenn's History of Their Labors wita tiu ^ac and 
 
 Fox Indians as Physician and Missionary 41-42 
 
 Dr, Fenn's Sketch of tne 5 Bands Around tne Agency 43 
 
 Mrs. Fenn's Talk About the Mission School, trie vvnices, the 
 
 Indians and the Half Bloods 44-46 
 
 "The Land Steal," Synopsis of the Deed and Doings Conveying 
 the 5377 Acres January 11, 1869 to Rankin and Stevens for 
 
 $17,338.70 46-47 
 
 G. W. Largent History, the Cyclone of June S, 1881 48 
 
 Rev. John Rankin Organizes Churches on the Reserve 49 
 
 M. K Myers buys the Mission Buildings 1882 49 
 
 W. T. Merryweather's History of the Charter Members and 
 
 Presbyterian Church at Quenemo 1870 50 
 
 George P. Fenn's Narrative 51-52 
 
 Some Jane Shaw kaw paw kof History Sf 
 
 VIrs. George Loga -'s Narrative of 1896 53-P'' 
 
 Charles Keokuk and his Family 55-57 
 
 List of 867 Inhabitants of Agency Township as Returned by 
 
 the Assessor in 1870-71 58-65 
 
 Some History about the Goodell and Shaw kaw paw kof Pic- 
 ture, also Julia Goodell, Che kus kuk and Others 66-68 
 
 Copyright Library of Congress 19115. 
 By C. R. Green. Olathe Kansas. 
 Histoiian and Publisher. 
 
ILLUSTKATIONS IN THIS VOLUME. 
 No' after page 
 
 1 Plan of the Sac & Fox Agency at Quenemo. Frontispiece. 
 
 2 Con a pac a, Pah cah horn mo wah and boy. Sac & Fox Indians. 1 
 
 3 Old Chief Keokuks portrait. 4 
 
 4 Keokuks monument at Keokuk Iowa. 8 
 
 5 Two of Moses Keokuks pictures. 12 
 
 6 A group of the Goodell Family. 16 
 
 7 Fannie Capper Whistler and son Guy, in Indian garb. 16 
 
 8 Fannie Goodell Whistler, and brother Isaac Goodell. 20 
 
 9 Two pictures of Mary Mitchell Means Keokuk. 24 
 
 10 The Townsend group picture of Sac & Foxes. 28 
 
 11 Henry Clay Jones and Jack Bear & wife. 32 
 
 12 Che kus kuk, young Charlie Keokuk and Gray Eyes. 36 
 
 13 Walter Battice, Miss Alice Longfellows protege. 40 
 
 14 Dr. E. B. Fenn and Wife Elizabeth. 44 
 
 15 Two pictures of the Orator Wawcom mo. 48 
 
 16 The group of Sac & Fox Indians at Omaha. 52 
 
 17 Rev. McCoy and wife Mary Thorpe. 56 
 
 18 Two pictures of Mrs. Sarah Goodell Whistler. 60 
 
 19 The group picture of Keokuk, Goodell, Shaw paw kaw kof . 64 
 
 20 Guy Whistler and an Indian maiden on horseback. 68 
 In a few cases sometimes another picture has been substituted. 
 
 JAN. 1918. 
 
1 
 
 SOME INTRODUCTORY HISTORY 
 
 When I moved on to the Sac & Fox Diminished Reserve near 
 Lyndon in 1880, it had been settled around me eleven years. While 
 I had come to Kansas in 1867, and settled first in Leavenworth 
 County in 1868, being 16 miles from a good trading town I sold 
 out and when next I settled, I chose Lyndon because I had a friend 
 Orlando S. Starr and wife and others from our town in Ohio living 
 there. And its well timbered streams, abundance of coal, good 
 church privileges and a good class of eastern people besides its 
 proximity to Topeka, Lawrence and Kansas City all pleased me. 
 Its farm lands were very reasonable in price, ten to fifteen dollars 
 an acre for improved farms. 
 
 In a year or two after I had settled there I became aware 
 that there were quite a number of Indians camped along the 
 Marais Des Cygne so we used to visit their camps with our vis- 
 itors from the east, Friend Starr told me much about them, for 
 he had lived there and helped to remove the tribe in 1869 to 
 their Indian Territory home. He told me about "Old Quenemo" 
 who had been born back in Milan Ohio, my own birth place. The 
 whole Indian subject fascinated me, and as it did in no way in- 
 terfere with my around home work, I was always ready to listen 
 to the tales of the "Pioneers" which always had plenty of Indian 
 history wove in it. 
 
 About this time 1884-86 Mrs. Ida Ferris, of Osage City, a 
 lady also born at Milan, Ohio, an old teacher and interesting 
 writer of newspaper articles, went about over Osage County in 
 the interests of the Osage City Free Press writing much history 
 as she talked with the Pioneers, some of it about Quenemo and 
 the Sac and Fox Indians, "The Legend of Quenemo" as given 
 her by George Logan she first gave to the readers. This still 
 more interested me so that when Dr. E. B. Fenn, an Elder of our 
 Lyndon Church, moved back to his Lyndon home from the Sac 
 and Fox Agency in the Indian Territory, in July, 1885 from his 
 expired four years term as Government Physician to the Indians 
 I gradually improved his acquaintance to get posted more than 
 ever on the history of the Indians whose old houses many occupied 
 and whose scattering members were still roaming in our midst 
 or whose wickyups could be found along the streams for ten miles. 
 
The very name of the Marais Des Cygne is a romantic French 
 Indian name given the Osage river westward of the Missouri 
 State Hne. The Osage river is a large river emptying into the 
 Missouri river near Jefferson City, inhabited from the earliest 
 known period by the Osage Indians and a navigatable stream for 
 small steam boats to Osceola, Missouri, within fifty miles of the 
 Kansas State line. So that the early French voyaguers, trap- 
 pers and hunters penetrated this "Kansas Plain" region before 
 United States had purchased the Louisiana Territory of France 
 in 1803. These hunters found numerous swans and pelicans both 
 white and gray in the marshes along the course of the Osage 
 river in what is now Linn and Miami Counties, Kansas. So they 
 called it "Marsh of the Swans river" which in English is the 
 Marais Des Cygnes. Our early Kansas explorers called it on 
 maps and in history "The Osage river" and from the fa-t 'hat 
 the branches of its headwaters are all in this County the first, 
 name of Weller County was changed in 1858 to the more appro- 
 priate one of Osage. , 
 
 The people of Kansas westward from Miami County have 
 quite generally always called the river the Marais Des Cygnes. 
 Some of the early settlers on the "Sac and Fox Trust Lands" on 
 the main stream in the 60's began to call it the Swan river to get 
 an easier name to write and speak. They had a postoffice by the 
 name Swan River so I have been told and a voting precinct of 
 that name and would have called the first township organized in 
 that part of Osage County Swan River Township, but the County 
 Commissioners found a large proportion of the settlers gathering 
 there in 1870 those of Welch extraction and they gave them 
 their Welch name "Arvonia" which covered township, town, post- 
 office and people, the river keeping the old name Marais Des 
 Cygne. 
 
 In the Indian Treaty of 1842 in Iowa with the Sac and Fox 
 Indians it is written "a tract on the headwaters of the Osage 
 river" this the Indians and their Agents selected and had survey- 
 ed out to them after they came to Kansas in 1845-46, they in the 
 meanwhile living up on the Kansas and Wakarusa rivers in the 
 Shawnee Reservation. 
 
 Sixty-six years have elapsed and if the "Tales and Tradi- 
 
tions" of the Indians and Pioneers who settled all this great val- 
 ley drained by the Osage river are ever going to be published 
 that the new generation may know what the fathers and grand- 
 fathers did here in civilizing this prairie wilderness it is, then 
 me another good farm there in Osage County. I have sacrificed 
 to collect history for my Historical Series, "Early Days in 
 time to commence now. And under the encouragement of Judge 
 Franklin G. Adams, Secretary of the Kansas Historical Society 
 in 1892 when I joined I went right to work collecting material 
 for "Sac and Fox History." Twenty years of the best part of my 
 life when I had means to spare from the income of a good farm 
 and took time, days and weeks during the year riding around 
 over the country interviewing nearly all the "Early Pioneers." 
 Trips to the Indian Territory to talk with the half blood Indians 
 who could and did tell me a great deal, trips to Topeka for a week 
 at a time to read and copy books, and get correct dates and con- 
 necting links, Days and days copying the County records in 
 Lyndon to be able to write up a pioneers story and supply miss- 
 ing links. All this exertion and expense would easily have given 
 Kansas." 
 
 In getting the Indian history I was always very cheerful as- 
 sisted oy Alfred Capper, a merchant of Lnydi)n, who married 
 into the "Goodell Family" and whose son John Capper as he grew 
 up still held an interest in the Sac and Fox Tribe, Annuities and 
 lands. He introduced me to his mother, Mrs. Fannie Capper 
 ■Whistler Nedeau, and through that and Mrs. Dr. Fenns' good 
 word I was able eventually to get into the good graces of many 
 in the Indian Nation. 
 
 My historical library and bureau is well stocked with books, 
 MSS, notes and pictures that will show to the reader ahead 
 their great value. The following is only a partial list of those 
 who have aided me with either verbal or written narratives mem- 
 oranda correspondence articles, etc. To these so much as is in 
 my power will be given a place for all their information accredited 
 to them and when printed a copy of their article or narrative mail- 
 ed to them free. 
 
 Oh! how many of these have passed away, those with an * 
 are still alive as far as I know. And live in Kansas unless other- 
 
* 
 
 wise noted. 
 
 Orlando S. Starr _. - Melvern* 
 
 Gerttge P. Fenn Ottawa 
 
 Aaron and John Kinney ...Ridgeway 
 
 Mr. and Mrs. George W. Logan Quenemo 
 
 Alfred Capper ...Lyndon* 
 
 Sartiilel Black ..Lyndon* 
 
 Mrs. Sarah Duvall Delaware, 0. 
 
 Mrs. Leida Saylor Fox: Des Moines, la.* 
 
 M. Columbs Bales ....Lawrence* 
 
 Henry Judd Melvern 
 
 Josiah Middleton Quenemo 
 
 Dr. David Moore.i Osage City* 
 
 Elijah Borland Scranton* 
 
 W. K. Thomas and Daughter Lyndon 
 
 Cyrus Case Ceres, Stanislaus Co., Calif.* 
 
 Wm. T. Eckart Tescott 
 
 Henry Wiggans Quenemo* 
 
 Ex-Supt. Jabez Adahis... .Quenemo* 
 
 Ithiel Streit Quenemo 
 
 D. B. Burdick Carbondale 
 
 Elisha Olcott » Lyndon* 
 
 John C. Rankin Quenemo* 
 
 S. L. Heberling ...Overbrook* 
 
 Robert L. Graham..... Quenemo* 
 
 J. Y. Urie Carbondale* 
 
 Marcus C. Rose New Castle, Pa. 
 
 Wm. Y. Drew Burlingame 
 
 Georg6 Drew Washington, D. C. 
 
 Samuel Holyoke Lyndon 
 
 Lucas Burnett _ ..Lyndon 
 
 Dr. G. W. Miller Lyndon 
 
 John W. Nicolay Lyndon* 
 
 Capt. G. W. Morris Lyndon 
 
 Francis Marion Richards Lyndon* 
 
 James R. Humphrey Lyndon 
 
 William Haas Lyndon 
 
 Mrs. Rachel Varner Lyndon 
 
KEOKTJK-'-WATCHPUL FOX 
 Chief of the SAC and POX INDIANS 1832- 
 1848. Born at Rock Island 1783. Died in Kan- 
 sas April 1848. Remains removed to Keokuk 
 Iowa, 1888. Picture made from a daguerreo- 
 type of 1847. — Courtesy of the Historical De- 
 partment of Iowa at Des Moines, 1902. 
 
5 
 
 James Hurd Smith Lyndon* 
 
 Charles G. Fox Ridgeway* 
 
 George W. Perrill Burlingame 
 
 Henry D. Shepherd Burlingame 
 
 Dr. E. B. Fenn Lyndon 
 
 Mrs. Elizabeth Fenn Lyndon 
 
 J. B. Grant Osage City* 
 
 William Stavely Lyndon 
 
 John Smith .....Burlingame* 
 
 Charles W. Goodin Ottawa* 
 
 Elmer Calkins Olivet* 
 
 O. C. Williams Nanton Alberta, Canada* 
 
 Mrs. Estella V. Fenn Waddle Lyndon* 
 
 Sol Bowers Lyndon 
 
 Lewis Humphries Arvonia 
 
 James W. Jessie Arvonia 
 
 Walter Black" lola* 
 
 Mrs. Fred A. Downs Lyndon 
 
 Mrs. Ellen Lavery Nihizer Lyndon 
 
 John Kraus Pomona 
 
 Horace W. . Jenness Topeka 
 
 Jack Harris ...Ottawa* 
 
 Josiah R. Drew.. Burlingame 
 
 Mrs. Hiram H. Heberling Ridgeway 
 
 Asher Smith Melvern 
 
 Charles Cochran Olivet* 
 
 And among the Indians and Societies who gave me informa-.ionj 
 
 Mrs. Fannie Whistler Nedeau, Sac and Fox Agency, Okla.* 
 
 Mrs. Sarah (Wm.) Whistler, Sac and Fox Agency, Oklahoma.* 
 
 Mrs. Mary Means Keokuk, Sac and Fox Agency, Oklahoma.* 
 
 Rev. Isaac McCoy, Sac and Fox Agency, Oklahoma.* 
 
 Walter Battice, Sac and Fox Agency, Oklahoma.* 
 
 Guy Whistler, Sac and Fox Agency, Oklahoma.* 
 
 William Hurr, Sac and Fox Agency, Oklahoma. 
 
 Charles Keokuk, Sac and Fox Agency, Oklahoma. 
 
 John and David Keokuk, Sac and Fox Agency, Oklahoma.* 
 
 Henry Clay Jones, Keokuk Falls, Oklahoma.* 
 
 Kansas State Historical Society, Topeka, Kansas. 
 
Historical Department of Iowa, Des Moines, Iowa. 
 
 Wisconsin State Historical Society, Madison, Wisconsin. 
 
 Missouri State Historical Society, St. Louis, Missouri. 
 
 Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D. C. 
 
 Senator Charles Curtis, Washington, D. C. 
 
 Representatives J. M. Miller and Charles F. Scott, Washington, 
 
 D. C. 
 
 I would not leave any out of mention for assistance rendered 
 but I am obliged for want of space to omit perhaps one hundred 
 names not mentioned here, the larger portion being pioneers who 
 were mentioned in my report Feb. 1904 to the Kansas Historical 
 Society, "Historical work in Osage County," and are all printed 
 on pages 126, 133 in Vol. 8. Two hundred or more pioneer narra- 
 tives mostly by old people, who came here, fought the battles and 
 endured the privations of life in a new country to make Kansas 
 what it is today. And these narratives are not all confined to 
 Osage county. My Historical Series says, "Along the Santa Fe 
 Trail," mostly in the counties of Douglas, Franklin, Osage, Shaw- 
 nee and Lyon— "IN THE EARLY DAYS IN KANSAS." I have 
 only given the history up to or after the war, since that news- 
 papers have been plenty. Some of these days the Pioneers will 
 all be dead, and we will have to depend on written history, and 
 being a pioneer myself I present these tales as true stories cor- 
 roberated in the mouths of many witnesses. 
 
 Charles R. Green, of Olathe, Kansas, March 1912, member 
 of the Kansas Historical Society Life member of the Firelands 
 Historical Society Ohio. 
 
 IN KEOKUK'S TIME ON THE KANSAS RESERVATION 
 
 Is an off shoot of "Early Days in Kansas." It is an Octavo 
 pamphlet of about 50 pages, full of Indian portraits and reading, 
 this work is put up in large coarse type easy for old people to read 
 and covers a period of 24 years that the Sac and Fox dwelt in 
 Kansas and embraces much pioUeer history of the whites. It 
 will be sent prepaid for 35 cents. 
 
 If you have no choice and do not care to be a subscriber to the 
 whole work, send a dollar and get "In Keokuk's Time" and Vol. 
 1st of the Historical Series. 
 
OLD CHIEF KEOKUK. 
 
 It would hardly be just to the memory of Chief Keokuk 
 "The Watchful Fox" to inaugerate this book "Early Days in Kan- 
 sas" which I am trying to make a true story of the early pioneers 
 in this part of Kansas, without some mention of the first real set- 
 tler of great consequence who canie into what is now Franklin 
 and Osage counties with about 2,000 emigrants and who did not 
 depend on the chase alone but engaged in agriculture. 
 
 The old Chief Keokuk led his band of Sauk and Foxes un- 
 der direction of Agent John Beach to Kansas in 1845. The year 
 of 1846 they farmed along the Wa ka rusa a few miles south of 
 the Kansas river. That season their agent got the Greenwood 
 agency buildings done over on the Marais des Cygnes river a few 
 miles S. E. of the present town of Pomona. Keokuk removed there 
 that fall of 1846. His band under many sub-chiefs scattered out 
 all over the whole Reservation which occupied a tract on the head 
 waters of the Osage river 20x30 miles square, bounded on the 
 north by the Shawnee Reservation, on the east by the Chippeway 
 and Ottawa Reservations, with the Osage Indians some distance 
 south and the Kaws west at Council Grove. Agent Beach in his 
 report of 1847 says of it "that it was moderately well timbered of 
 excellent quality and good varieties" the entire tribe had con- 
 centrated on the Kansas river by June, 1846. The Foxes under 
 Poweshiek, had gone directly after drawing their annuities in 
 Iowa September, 1845, to the Pottawatomies near Council Bluffs 
 on the Missouri river. Another band of 3acs had left the tribe 
 in Iowa and wintered with the Missouri band of loway and Sac 
 Indians at the Great Nemaha agency. 
 
 "Jealousies among the Chiefs prevail excepting Appanoose 
 and Keokuks bands who located near the Agency the rest scatter- 
 ed out all over the Reservation. The Agency was clear to the east 
 end of the Reservation 65 miles S. W. of Westport Landing." 
 
 Poweshiek was a warrior chltef of note who led the Foxes. 
 They chose as their location Salt Creek, the Dragoon and the "110" 
 streams. There must have been four or five hundred of them. 
 Poweshiek's camp was where the Dragoon formed junction with 
 the "110." Here is where some years later he fell from a pony's 
 
back and broke his neck and was buried there. One of the early 
 settlers there before the Indians left told me that was the story 
 the Indians told him. None of the agents ever mentioned his death 
 in their reports. One of the counties of Iowa took his name, and 
 there are also Appanoose Black Hawk Wapello Keokuk and Sac 
 counties in Iowa. 
 
 Chief Hard Fish's band under several sub-chiefs located on 
 the south side of the Marais des Cygnes not far from the locality 
 now called Quenemo. A little stream from the prairies of the 
 south by that name and an Indian burial ground where his re- 
 mains were deposited is well known to the settlers. Mokohoko 
 had not arrived until about 1858 then he came from the Sac and 
 loway Indian Reservation near Highland. In 1866 when Dr. E. B. 
 Fenn commenced under Agent Martin his labors as Government 
 Physician for the Indians and they were all located then in 
 Osage County he found five distinct bands. Chekuskuks band 
 then was what had been Poweshiek's Waw com mow and Grey 
 Eyes had each a band then near Quenemo. 
 
 Active operations in farming were commenced at once. In 
 the next five years no less than 500 acres were broke up by hired 
 breaking teams in the rich bottoms of the Marais des Cygnes and 
 converted into cornfields. Keo kuk was able to sell corn to the 
 Government. His son furnished corn to the early settlers. The 
 inquiring reader will find many pages in various books about this 
 old Chief Keo kuk who was always the friend of whites and who 
 learned early in his life how to rule his followers in such ways 
 that they could prosper and be at peace with the Government. 
 
 When he settled in Kansas he was a large heavy built Indian 
 weighing 200 pounds, that may be seen by the picture of him 
 that I present which was taken by the Daguerreotype process in 
 1847 only a year before his death. He was a Sauk with white 
 blood. Moses Keo kuks widow told me in 1903 that Old Chief 
 Keo kuks mother was a woman of French blood. He was a level 
 headed man who could manage the affairs of the Indians be it 
 in war or peace with over powel-ing -opponents' of whites with 
 smooth tongues and presents of traders goods an^ whiskey in 
 such ways as made him one of the most renowned of Indian Chiefs 
 in the 19th century. 
 

 
 
 
 ' 
 
 
 -,-,-^, _^^,^j.,5.y^i.,-.,.^y.iW'K^i*i'S^ife:S3ZWt*«5nr-.m!M-.ii- ■ 
 
 Monument erected by the citizens of Keo- 
 kuk Iowa, in Eand Park when they removed 
 OLD CHIEF KEOKUK'S remains there 1883. 
 
General Soctt who after the Black Hawk war in which Keo 
 kuk would take no part was sent out west on the Mississippi to 
 make terms of peace with the Indians. Although there were 
 many prominent chiefs among the Sac and Fox tribe much older 
 than Keo kuk he was made the head chief. 
 
 So it came about at his death that the agents and councilors 
 of the tribe at the request of the old chief appointed his favorite 
 son Mesonwahk, the Deer Hair, to be the new Government chief. 
 After that he was known by the whites as Keokuk Jr. and when 
 converted as Moses Keokuk. 
 
 OLD CHIEF KEOKUK'S BURIAL 
 
 When I went down to the Indian Territory in 1903 to get 
 historical notes about the Sac and Foxes there were several 
 Indians alive yet who could have told all about the ceremony at 
 the grave fifty-five years before. But Indians are superstitious 
 about talking with outsiders about location of graves or burial, 
 Mokohoko died on the Marais Des Cygnes near the mouth of 
 Rock Creek and a prominent pioneer settler there Cyrus Case 
 on and near whose land the old Chief had his Wickyup could not 
 learn from the Band where they buried him or where he died only 
 that he died some months before 1880, Mokohoko hated white 
 men and never went near their homes though the country was 
 settled all around him. His squaws and other members of the 
 band use to go all over, I use to see them at all the celebrations 
 around the country dressed in blankets sometimes then others in 
 White man's dress and they always had money to spend for they 
 worked for the settlers and were as a rule sober and honest. 
 But I could not get information about old Chief Keokuk's burial 
 from the full bloods. I did get it from a half blood Indian, Mrs. 
 William Whistler, now, 68 years old who makes it her home in 
 Stroud with her daughter, Mrs. Girty Kirtley, this is only a few 
 miles from the Sac and Fox Agency where she has more relatives 
 and can draw her annuities, I present her picture with this arti- 
 cle. Her reminiscences will be given along with her folks, John 
 and Julia Goodell. 
 
 When Sarah Goodell was about three years old, her mother 
 and other families came on from Iowa in 1847 to the Sac and Fox 
 
10 
 
 Agency, John Goodell was the official interpreter and I presume 
 had kept with the agent all the time for the Sauk never could 
 talk English. The Goodell home was ready and the mother was a 
 woman of !■ ox and Winnebago blood ' who had lived in Agent 
 Streets family many years in Wisconsin and Iowa and had a won- 
 derful history which will be saved for the Goodell narrative. She 
 had the ways of a good motherly White woman and mingled with 
 the- Indians for their good. When Chief Keokuk was to be buried, 
 she hoped that the Indians would drop some of their heathenish 
 customs. She told her little Sarah now four years old to remain 
 in the house. The child did so. but from the window witnessed the 
 burial not far away. 
 
 Keokuk had died five miles away up the river at his camp, 
 His body had been brought up and a shallow grave dug in a 
 burial ground a little west of the Agency, J. M. Luce, of Ottawa, 
 brother-in-law of Perry Fuller, and a clerk many years for that 
 agency from Agent B. A. James term 1855 who was alive and 
 well known in Franklin county as recent as 1908, age 78 told me 
 a lot about the Indians history, in the 50's what he had heard 
 of Keokuk's burial and saw other in his time and what little Sarah 
 Goodsll saw' and remembered so well after 60 years enables me 
 to tell the story. 
 
 The warriors wrapped Keokuk in his best blanket and laid 
 him in the g^ave with his head to the east elevated considerable, 
 (Black Hawk dressed in his Military suit was placed in a grave 
 in a sitting position), into Keokuk's grave they put all his silver 
 ornaments medals war trap and horse mountings, then about a 
 foot of earth was thrown on tpp. They now led his best war 
 pony up and shot it so that as it whirled around it fell down into 
 the grave, then all was covered with dirt until a mound was raised. 
 
 Four mdi-e Indians were buried in that row. Mr. Luce thinks 
 that Chief Appanoose was brpught there from his camp on a 
 stream a few miles north after wards named for ,him. He must 
 have died in Mr. Luce's time, the burial ground I never have 
 seen, it is away from any railroad town perhaps three miles south 
 of a little station called, Richter across the Marais Des Cygnes 
 on the south side in Greenwood township, Franklin County. Mr. 
 Luce farther said that coffins were seldom used even for the 
 
11 
 
 Chief's that they were burifed as erect as possible so that at least 
 part of their skulls showed above ground in the years to come as 
 ■the dirt washed away, I have seen Indians mound graves upheld 
 by stone and logs piled around them that showed very well 50 
 years after. There were some Fox Indian graves where smallpox 
 carried a lot one winter in a camp on Salt Greek, noyr known as 
 the old Samuel Holyoke place two miles east of Lyndon, the 
 house that was bulit in 1861 for the Fox Chief is standing there 
 yet all sided over. In a year or two a good marble tomb stone was 
 set up at Chief Keokuk's grave inscribed "Sacr.ed'to the memory 
 of Keokuk, a distinguished Sac Chief, born at, Rock Island in 
 1783, died April 1848." 
 
 There is a difference of opinion as to. what caused ? Chief 
 Keokuk's dsath. One Iowa authority gives the reasoij 'as "To 
 heavy potations," in the St. Louis papers of that season it was 
 said "He was poisoned by some of his followers." He was not a 
 feeble old Indian by any meaijs. Since I have lived on the Reserva- 
 tion and the Santa Fe R. R. operated jUp the Marais Des Cygnes 
 bottoms. I have thought several times as, I rode along by Pomona 
 ,that a well man from the miasma there could easily die on short 
 notice with pneumonia and bloody flux if he had to live- and eat 
 as the Sac and Foxes did. Then they had .the smallpox and 
 cholera by turns to contend with and for several years they re- 
 fused to allow the Agpnt to settle, .-either a doctor, or mission 
 school teacher among. them. , 
 
 That news of Chief Keokuk's death did not get out quicker 
 and more particulars givsn was owing to the absence of any 
 Agent, John Beach from protracted- ill health resigned his office 
 early in 1848 and the new Agent James A. Raines did not get 
 there until mid-summer. While there may have been several 
 white men few did such a thing in those days as to write to news- 
 papers 65 miles from a postoffiec did not give the^i very prompt 
 mail delivery, there are some excellent things in the various In- 
 dian agents reports along in these days. 
 
 Supt. Harvey of the St. Louis general Agency travels around 
 like a circuit ridej: among the many tribes that can be reached 
 from the Missouri River and makes his reports direct to the 
 Secretary of Interior at Washington. These reports of Supts, 
 
12 
 
 agents and sub-agents were published annually and complete sets 
 may be found in our State Historical society's collections. 
 
 Under Agent James in 1855, the Indians received $73,353.34, 
 the tribe numbering then 1626, so that they had abundant means, 
 for this money at least $40,000.00 of it must have been interest 
 money and this could not have drawn on their nine or ten hun- 
 dred thousand dollars sinking fund more than $35,000 per year. 
 
 Chief Keokuk's remains were now left undisturbed thirty- 
 five years, when they were exhumed and taken to Keokuk, Iowa, 
 July 4, 1883 that city had a big celebration it was their semi- 
 centennial at which Chief Moses Keokuk some of his family other 
 members of the tribe and Henry Clay Jones as interpreter were 
 present as guests of the city, their round trip expenses all paid, 
 Later Judge F. C. Davis and Dr. J. M. Shaffer were constituted a 
 committee to proceed to Kansas under permission of the Secre- 
 tary of the Interior, Hon. H. M. Medill and take up Chief Keokuk's 
 remains. Some of the pioneers of Franklin County assisted, 
 they could not do well to refuse such authority. But the greater 
 portion of the people were in for resisting of taking away from 
 the County, such honored remains. The remains were exhumed 
 and coffined Oct. 19, 1883 and carried back to Keokuk, la. They 
 took the tombstone with them. A fine large granite monument 
 to Chief Keokuk's memory may be seen now there in Rand Park. 
 The city that honored him in life with his name I think a better 
 place for the remains than a deserted burial ground aloof from any 
 public place, and I have no objections to seeing his portrait used 
 as a brand for good honest goods as I see Keokuk City's business 
 men have done. I am proud to place the same 1847 daguerreotype 
 portrait as my first in this historical series. 
 
 He was a great warrior, a wise governor and a faithful trusty 
 friend of our Government. _ To his followers ever ready to stretch 
 out a helping hand. I cannot believe any one ever poisoned him, 
 About six children, three boys and three girls, was all he left, and 
 as stated before he designated Keokuk Jr., his oldest and favorite 
 son as the one he wished to succeed him. So that for almost a 
 century we have had the Keokuk family before the public. 
 
 End. 
 
KEOKUK Jr. about 1860 or when on a trip to Washington. 
 The same Chief, 35 years later, then known as Rev. MO.SES 
 KEOKUK, An accepted minister of the Baptist Church. 
 
13 
 
 MOSES KEOKUK. 
 
 ME SON WAHK, THE DEER'S HAIR, or Keokuk as he 
 was always known until his conversion to Christianity along 
 about 1874 after he left Kansas when there being other male 
 Keokuks the christian name of Moses was given to him. He 
 was not a warrior. There was no call for such here among the 
 emigrant tribes of this Indian Ty. in 1848. They were wards 
 of the Gov't protected by its soldiers. If murder was commit- 
 ted the offenders were arrested and taken either to the prison at 
 Fort Leavenworth or St. Louis. The tribe was expected to live 
 at peace with surrounding tribes. They were here in Eastern 
 Kansas in those days of the '40s sandwiched in on small reser- 
 vations like peas in a pod. Web Wilder, in his Annals of Kan- 
 sas, says as late as 1876, 6,742 Indians yet resided in Kansas 
 wards of the Government. 
 
 William Whistler told Mr. Hutchinson, writer of the book "Resour- 
 ces of Kansas" 1874, that in June 1848 some buffalo (3) were killed by the 
 Sac and Fox hunters near where years later Quenemo was established. 
 In one of those years the Agent in his report says that the Sac and Fox 
 hunters had to go only a little ways west to kill plenty of buafflo. Then 
 again they report that in 1855 there are few buffalo near and lots of 
 Indians after them. Also saying that the Ottawa Indians, neighbors of 
 theirs to the east, have lost their old Missionery Jotham Meeker who had 
 been with them 20 years. These same Indian Agent Gov't Report books 
 contain several of Rev. Jotham Meeker's letters that do not reflect much 
 credit on the Sac Indian's honesty— for he says in his letters that his peace- 
 able Ottawa Indians lose pigs, ponies, corn and chickens frequently. They 
 were civilized, living in cabins and following farming. In 1865 when they 
 gave up their reservation they numbered about 171 and the Chippe- 
 ways 68. 
 
 When the Sac and Fox tribe went out on the plains for their 
 annual buffalo hunts and came into contact with the Comanches 
 or other wild tribes of the plains as a rule they always came out 
 victorious, for they had arms and plenty of old experienced 
 warriors to lead them. 
 
 Keokuk never had any opportunities of education. In Chief 
 Keokuk's time the tribe always resisted schools, Missions, Phy- 
 sicians and other civilizing influences. They had abundant funds 
 but the Council of the Nation had more power than Keokuk if 
 he was designated Head Chief by the Gov't. Chief Keokuk 
 could have sent his son east for an education, many were thus 
 
14 
 
 pent off by other tribes, but he did not dare to ruin the son's 
 prospects ahead by calling down the almost unanimous dis- 
 pleasure of the tribe had he done so. Thus Me-son-wahk, hke 
 the father, went through life unable to talk English and when 
 after conversion he became a Baptist preacher I do not under- 
 stand yet how he got his Bible knowledge. 
 
 Born back near the mouth of the Fox river of Illinois about 
 1822 he was 12 years old when the noted painter of Indian port- 
 raits "Catlin" painted this boy's portrait as one of several for the 
 father near Rock Island in 1834. He had been on one tour at 
 least with his father's party to Mew York, Washington and 
 other places and had an education of the world that fitted him 
 well at the father's death, though only 26 years old, to take the 
 mantle of office as one of the Head Chiefs, for in those days as 
 will be seen further along there were two, one for the Sac and 
 one for the Fox parts of the confederacy. 
 
 Keokuk had steady habits, a very wise, observing man of 
 pleasant countenance and agreeable speech, he could carry on 
 business with the whites very well. The Agents were glad to 
 have him designated as a Head Chief for he was not of the hat- 
 ing, suspicious nature that governed so many of the great In- 
 dians in those days. These "Head Chiefs" received a salary 
 from the government of $500 per year—while the tribal chiefs 
 in the distributions of the annuities fared no better than a brave. 
 In Agent James' 2-year term of office 1855-57 he reports an 
 average of 1440 Indians present at his quartely payments re- 
 ceiving, if divided fairly, man, woman and child $19 each every 
 three months~$219,312.50 was disbursed in his term. But there 
 was great injustice practiced then. The chiefs and head chief 
 would draw orders and trade at the traders' stores ahead on 
 credit, buying blankets, clothing and the many articles that 
 pleased the Indians, and at the same time might be called nec- 
 essary to their welfare. These articles the chiefs distributed 
 among their favorites or those who unbent enough to ask for 
 such favor. When payment day came these orders in the 
 Traders' hands often amounted to $10,000 and had to be deduc- 
 ted out of the total fund first before division. Once the business 
 
15 
 
 was so manipulated that the Foxes more remote from the Agen- 
 cy only got some paltry sum like $3.50 each. I think it was 
 after the inquiry and racket made over this that the Fox Chief 
 Chekuskuk was made a Head Chief by the Gov't to satisfy the 
 Foxes. 
 
 There was, however, another side to this question which 
 was well worthy of consideration. The Agents and white em- 
 ployees said that the Indian did not know how to save his money. 
 Immediately he got the amount of money that as head of the 
 family he could draw for all, he commenced a round of drunken 
 revelry that lasted until all was spent. After Kansas was set- 
 tled the borders of the Reservation had many groggeries where 
 whiskey for cash could be got in unlimited quantities. 
 
 Charles Rubow in his narrative in Vol. 3 of this historical 
 series says that he lived near the "110" stage station kept by 
 Wm. Harris which was no more than four miles from the Res- 
 ervation line. At that bar an Indian desiring whiskey was 
 asked for his money. He threw down a five dollar gold piece 
 or bill, no change was given back. The Indian could stand there 
 and drink or take it in a jug and go off until full, and when 
 gloriously drunk, sleep it off. Some times Mr. Harris could thus 
 take in several thousand dollars. Before these drinking places 
 were established handy, the Indians used to send their squaws 
 sometimes clear to Westport on foot for jugs of whiskey, 
 which when they came back with they would hide and only give 
 to the warriors in small quantities. So for this reason, that the 
 poor Indian and his family might get some good out of his an- 
 nuities, the custom of letting the chiefs draw orders ahead was 
 the least of two evils. Another evil had to be fought against. 
 That of the Traders' inflated prices on those goods. The plan 
 of rival Traders was found a good cure for that. Thus it came 
 about that Perry Fuller in some testimony he gave the Commit- 
 tee from Washington in 1856, here inquiring about the troubles 
 in Kansas, says "I came here Sept. 6, 1854, and have been en- 
 gaged in merchandising ever since I came and have a good know- 
 ledge of people all over this (the 4th) District." He located 
 at Centropolis and soon had an extensive trade with the Indians. 
 
16 
 
 Mr. Alfred Capper, a merchant of more than 35 years' standing 
 in Lyndon, yet alive, came in these years of the '50s and clerked 
 for Perry luUer and says that in a legitimate way Fuller soon 
 got well off and had such a good reputation that he was appoint- 
 ed in 1859 the Agent for the 3 tribes. Mr. Fuller was careful 
 though off the Reservation, not ot sell much whiskey, if any, to 
 the Indians-it was a common drink then by all western white 
 people and kept, I presume, by every store. 
 
 The tribe of Sac and Foxes decreased rapidly year by year. 
 In 1855 and 56, 309 died or removed. Commencing about 1853 
 when, I think, the Fox Chief Powesheik died, there were many 
 Fox Indian families who went back to the banks of the Iowa 
 river. They were not wanted there by the Gov't, many of the 
 settlers protested, they could not get any annuities, yet year 
 by year they increased by additions from the Miss. Band, final- 
 ly buying land like any white settlers, first 80 acres for one 
 thousand dollars, upon which by 1866 no less than 250 made 
 their home, and by 1900 320 acres upon which 400 Foxes lived. 
 So that the great decrease of the Confederate tribe of Sac and 
 Foxes from 22 or 23 hundred in 1845 when they left Iowa, and 25 
 years later when they removed to the Indian Ty. to about 654 
 in number, should not all be laid to death. And I am in doubt 
 that the tribe in Oklahoma should longer be called Sac and Fox, 
 for I believe from reading Horace M. Rebok's book "The Last 
 of the Musquakies" that the tribe really parted when the treaty 
 of 1867 was made at Quenemo, and the best of the Foxes re- 
 turned, as above stated, to Iowa. For many years the Gov't 
 would pay no annuities to any but what enrolled and lived down 
 in Oklahoma~so that the smaller number there only made the 
 payments larger to Keokuk and his fellow Sauks. This was 
 gross injustice to the Iowa band. 
 
 For 50 years Keokuk was now one of the Head Chiefs rep- 
 resenting the Sauk part of the tribe. The chiefs who filled 
 the other Head Chief office were older men- the first mention I 
 find in 1855 names Per-she-she-moan, 1857 Ker-she-ma-na 1861 
 Maw-mem-wan-ne-cah, 1861 Che-kus-kuk who drew his $500 per 
 year salary, until 1889-28 years-when I think he died and the 
 
JOHN AND JULIA GOODEI.L 
 
 John Goodell was a native of N. Y. who enlisted in the U. S. A. 
 in the 30's and did service among the Indians. I have his Record. 
 When discharged he became Agent Streets Interpreter with the 
 Sac & Fox Indians there in IOWA. Julia the Indian wife of a Lt. 
 Mitchell before the BLACK HAWK war, after many vicisitudes 
 returned to live with her friend Agt. Street. John and her were 
 married 4th July 1840. He died at Quenemo 1868. The grave up in 
 the old Mission grave yard is lost. Julia died .lune 8 1880 in Okla. 
 
17 
 
 office was not filka by the Gov't. It has so happened that near- 
 ly all my talks with the half bloods have been with those who 
 had Fox blood--I think this part of the tribe has been more lib- 
 eral about education and civilization. 
 
 The Keokuks did business with the following Agents in the 
 25 years of their Reservation life in Kansas: 
 
 1. John Beach. At Agent Joseph M. Street's death in 1840 
 on the Des Moines Reservation his son-in-law, John Beach, made 
 out the annual report to the Gov't, Sept. 2, 1840, and is appoint- 
 ed the regular Agent. The Indians of the two tribes now num- 
 ber from 3800 to 4200. Agent Beach and Chief Keokuk leade 
 the tribe, perhaps no more than 18 or20 hundred, southwaxd to 
 K'msas. Other Chiefs with Foxes and dissatisfied Sauks join 
 them in a year or two at the new Agency. John 'Poafh retrains 
 the Aseijl until after 1847 when continued sicknes.^ obligeo hini 
 to give up the offce. 
 
 2. James S. Rains, Sept. 7, 1848, makes his first rpport. 
 
 3. Charles N. Handy, Sept. 6, 1850, makes his first report. 
 
 4. John R. Chenault, Sept. 15, 1851, makes his first report. 
 
 5. B. A. James, Sept. 1, 1853, makes his first report. 
 
 6. Francis Tymony, Sept. 1, 1858, makes his first report. 
 
 7. Perry Fuller, Sept. 1, 1859, makes his first report. 
 
 8. Clinton C. Hutchinson, Oct. 1, 1861, makes his first re- 
 port. 
 
 9. Henry Woodson Martin, Oct. 20, 1863, makes his first re- 
 port. 
 
 10. Albert Wiley, July 30, 1867, makes his first report. 
 
 11. Thomas Miller, August 18, 1870, makes his first report. 
 These Agents were all required to make annual reports 
 
 which were printed along with all other Indian Agents' reports 
 of other tribes by the Gov't every year and thus we have a brief 
 detailed history with statistics to help the historian on Indian 
 subjects that is invaluable. Sets are found in every State His- 
 torical Society's rooms. It is true that these reports were 
 brief, never occupying more than two octavo pages, and seldom 
 mentioned the Chiefs by name, yet enough is said and dates 
 given, which you never can get from an Indian, that enables one 
 
18 
 
 to readily grasp history through almost a century's time. 
 
 When we stop and think of the great number and variety of 
 men whom that young Chief Keokuk had to deal with as Gov't 
 Agents of the tribe before the war was over, the variety of their 
 dispositions, their honesty and regard for their oaths of office, 
 we must concede to him great praise. Most all these men had 
 been sent there because "to the party in power belonged the 
 spoils of office." I cannot in a general manner in this book de- 
 nounce individuals, I prefer to let the ones telling their stories 
 enter into particulars of the flagrant dishonesty of some men 
 in those war days. Keokuk may have been misled at first, but 
 we must admire him for his fidelity alike to the tribe and Gov't 
 in those years, 1859-63, when Perry Fuller was Agent and later 
 a contractor, and bribes and schemes hatched up on every side 
 by whites to get property away from the Indians, was all the 
 fashion. 
 
 In the Treaty days of 1867-69 to give up the Osage Reser- 
 vation and move again, nearly all the Chiefs present, except 
 Mo-ko-ho-ko, signed the instrument. Mo-ko-ho-ko it is true had 
 a larger following then than all the others put together. The 
 Sauk warriors were not ready to go on to lands in severality. 
 After their removal I guess it was 30 years before they would 
 take their farms thus, they always preferred to live in groups. 
 In the years after the war Eastern Kansas got so crowded with 
 white settlers that it seemed to be an impossibility to leave the 
 Sac and Fox Reservation alone, there would have been for the 
 next 50 years thousands of acres unimproved, that would have 
 required attention from the Gov't all the time. So that these 
 several Chiefs acted undoubtedly then for the best interests of 
 their tribe. The old Iowa generation had to die ofl" and now the 
 new Kansas-Oklahoma generation are becoming a civilized, agri- 
 cultural class of citizens that we need not be ashamed of. 
 Among them are several Keokuks. 
 
 The list of Traders through the 25 years of the Keokuks' life' 
 in Kansas is harder to give. Isaac G. Baker and William Street 
 a son of the old Agent in Iowa, seem to have kept with the tribe 
 from Iowa many years. John H. Whistler is another one who 
 
19 
 
 commenced about 1848 and continued many years. I expect 
 there were two firms then doing business there. John H. Whist- 
 ler was the father of William Whistler who married into the 
 tribe and was in the early '70s the first Representative from 
 Osage county, eastern part, in the state legislature. There were 
 several other children in John H. Whistler's family. When the 
 Kansas Ty. was open for settlement with some others they took 
 up claims down on the Neosho near what was Burlington in 
 later years. The family burying ground was there, and until 
 more recent years members of his family lived there. 
 
 In speaking of the diflPerent Traders with the Sac and Fox tribe in 
 old Chief Keokuk's closing years, there was one that I have spoken of, 
 Isaac G. Baker, who, as was the custom in those days of white men among 
 the Indians a thousand miles from home, formed an alliance with an Indian 
 squaw and for the time being had a housekeeper. I have heard this Indian 
 squaw's name and I think she was of the Fox tribe. She bore him, at 
 Greenwood in 1849, a pair of twins, a boy and a girl. Twin children were 
 ' an unheard of event among Indians. The Interpreter's wife, Julia Good- 
 ell, immediately took the girl to raise and in 18 months, at the death of 
 the squaw mother, also took the boy. They grew up known as Fannie 
 and Ikaac Goodell, received a good education and attained a prominence 
 in the tribe in later years of the tribal history. Fannie was married young 
 to Alfred Capper. After she bore him five children, a separation ensued, 
 perhaps over no greater difficulty than the desire of Mr. Capper to live 
 in Kansas and Fannie with the tribe in Oklahoma. She was a woman of 
 refinement and culture and no white woman had a better home with all 
 the furnishings at the Sac and Fox Agency, where she entertained me in 
 1903 while I was in the Nation getting history. 
 
 She married John Whistler as her second husband, who at that time 
 had a hundred thousand dollars worth of cattle and other property. Two 
 children were born to her by this marriage. Her husband died in 1890. 
 A few years later she married Mr. Nedeau, a man of French and Potta- 
 watomie Indian blood, a merchant from St. Mary's, Kansas. She is now 
 a vsddow in her comfartable home with children and grandchildren around 
 her at the Sac and Fox Agency. Her picture is presented here and more 
 history about her and her brother Isaac C. Goodell and their foster moth- 
 er, Julia, is given under the head of the "Goodell Family." 
 
 Of the history of another firm a little later on at the Green- 
 wood Agency, that of Ingraham and Baker, Judge L. D. Bailey 
 in Vol. 1 of this series, speaks. Arthur I. Ba*ker being a Trader 
 some years for the Sac and Fox tribe when he quit in the early 
 settlement of Kansas Ty. went out along the Santa Fe Trail in 
 Breckenridge county, now Lyon, and started up a place called 
 Agnes City, but which was better known as Rock Creek in the 
 Civil war days. This was the locality where the noted guerril- 
 la family of Andersons lived, who fled to Missouri and after- 
 
20 
 
 wards organized a small band that came out and killed Baker 
 and burned his store, besides doing other deviltry with the noted 
 Dick Yeager all along the Trail up to Quantrell's raid on Law- 
 rence. 
 
 I cannot with any accuracy name all the traders nor give 
 them in proper order-nor am I certain that the location of their 
 stores were always at the Agency. 
 
 TRADERS. 
 
 1846 Baker and Street , .Greenwood Agency. 
 
 1848 P. Choteau Westport Landing 
 
 1848 John H. Whistler .: ....Greenwood Agency. 
 
 1855 Ingraham and Baker ..Greenwood Agency. 
 
 1856 John B. Scott Greenwood Agency. 
 
 1856 Perry Fuller Centropolis. 
 
 1860 Marker S. Randall Greenwood Agency. 
 
 1863 Carney and Stevens Greenwood Agency. 
 
 1864 Perry Fuller Agency Hill. 
 
 1866 Rankin and Whistler Agency Hill. 
 
 1868 Thos. C. Stevens and Co Agency Hill. 
 
 1869 J. K. Rankin and Co ....Quenemo. 
 
 From the time of their removal to Agency Hill, which was 
 
 known as Quenemo after the Indians left Kansas, the names 
 
 and history of the Traders are better known, but proper dates 
 
 cannot be so easily remembered by the early settlers. 
 
 HENRY H. WIGGANS, whose narrative is given in another place settled 
 in the Centropolis locality in Nov. 1855 a md. man' of 23, he came for a home. 
 
 While running his blacksmith shop and business there near Mineola 
 towards the close of the fifties, Robert Stevens who had taken a contract 
 to build a great number of houses for the Sac and Poxes up and down the 
 different streams on their Reservations came to Mr. Wiggans and hired him 
 to go down to Quindaro on the Missouri river and assist in removing the 
 machinery of a grist mill that had burned down there to the Sac and Fox 
 Agency to erect what in later years was known as the Holmes Saw Mill 
 The fire having injured some of the engine Mr. Wiggans had to repair it 
 at the Lawrence shops. The two boilers and large 20 foot diameter flv wheel 
 cast m two parts made this a noted saw mill in those days and its lumber 
 helped to erect some of our oldest buildings here on the Sac and Fox Reqpr 
 vation. This was a several months job for Mr. Wiggans The mill <!tn rf 
 east of Quenemo on the south side of the Marias des Cvffne=i in tV,o i^„„r? 
 where later George Logan had his farm. ^^ locality 
 
 Henry Wood Martin the Indian agent at Lawrence for thp <?!, a 
 Foxes and other tribes of Franklin county appointed Mr Wisffani, rW 
 ment blacksmith, at the Sac and Fox Agency March 1st 1863 govern- 
 
Alfred Capper and Elisha Olcott, both merchants of Lyndon, 
 the latter from the very beginning of Lyndon in 1870, have both 
 been interviewed about this matter. Elisha, a young man, came 
 with his father, Ehsha Olcott, Sr., and family to Baldwin in 1863, 
 from Illinois. The father became bookkeeper for Perry Fuller 
 and Carney at Quenemo in 1861, serving them in that capacity 
 18 months, when in July 1863, in partnership with Perry Fuller 
 they started a store at Baldwin. In time Mr. Fuller sold out 
 his interest to Major Snow and thus the firm remained a while. 
 In 1872 Mr. Olcott removed with his family to Lyndon. Madison 
 Snow, a brother of the Major, was one of the foundeis of Lyndon, 
 owning the 160 acres constituting the N. E. portion. The trad- 
 ing firm of Rankin and Whistler, at Quenemo 1866, was William 
 A. Rankin of Lawrence, a cousin of John K. and uncle to John C. 
 Rankin, who served as a soldier of the 7th 0. V. Cav. through 
 the war and came on to Quenemo before the Indians left. The 
 other Rankins, also from Ohio, had come in an earlier date and 
 located at or near Lawrence and were men of wealth and ex- 
 perience in Kansas. William Whistler had now been v.'ith and 
 married Sarah Goodell, a member of the tribe since before their 
 removal from the Greenwood Agency. He understood the Sac 
 and Fox language and, while not a man of any great means, was 
 one of good education and business sagacity, making a good resi- 
 dent partner for Rankin. Alec Rankin and Thos. C. Murphy 
 seems to have been in the trading stores also. 
 
 In these years of the Civil War and after, because for a year 
 or two some 4,000 refugee Cherokees and other Indians from the 
 Indian Ty.- had temporary home at Quenemo, several stores started 
 up that divided up the profits until some firms broke up, as there 
 were no white settlers on the Reservation. The August 7, 1869 
 pay roll of annuities at Agency Hill shows that $20 each was paid 
 to man, woman and child in the Nation who had enrolled. Keo- 
 kuk draws for 7 persons, $140, one for himself, two for his two 
 wives, three for his living children and one for a dead child or a 
 blind or aged person of his family, the roll does not show which. 
 That was the custom then; one annuity could be drawn after a 
 child or person was dead, in that person's name. As Keokuk's 
 
son 
 
 «uu, Charles, now 18 years old, was yet a member of Keokuk s 
 household, I infer that the other two children must have oeen 
 girls, for I find in the amended treaty of 1867-68 where Hannah 
 and Emma Keokuk and Mo co P quah, mixed bloods, receive gitts 
 of land from the nation, as per Article 13 amended. Tne Mo Ko- 
 P quah may have been a little dead boy of Keokuk's. Only one 
 of Keokuk's wives bore children. That was Che che cah, a Fox 
 woman Pash e ca cah, or Amelia Mitchell, was his other wife, 
 who had from, the Treaty of 1859, on account of her being a half 
 blood, been allowed along with many other mixed blood Indians 
 to pick out her claim, which was the half section on between Salt 
 Creek an the Marais des Cygnes, "the horse shoe bend," that 
 adjoined Quenemo and upon which Keokuk built a fine house and 
 removed to in 1861-62. I think that when the Indians left for 
 good a Mr. H. F. Nuckol-s owned it some years, about 1880. 
 
 Amelia Mitchell and Mary Mitchell Means were both half 
 bloods by the same father, a Mr. Mitchell, an army officer and then 
 American Fur Trader back in the '20s among the Foxes and Win- 
 nebagos in Wisconsin, and who had different mothers, thus, as 
 the Indians count genealogy, being cousins. I have been told 
 that this Major Mitchell at the latter end of his life entrusted 
 one of the Agents one thousand dollars apiece to each of the; girls 
 and that the trust was faithfully carried out by the Agent's clerk, 
 J. M. Luce, about 1860-62, my informant. 
 
 Poligamy in the Sauk Tribe had prevailed from earliest hist- 
 ory. They were always at war, the warriors were killed off so 
 fast, that all means possible were taken to raise up new ones. A 
 chief who could, by the chase, support four, six, eight, or even 
 ten squaws was allowed to take them under his protection and 
 the squaws, so much more numerous in proportion to the males, 
 were glad of the privilege. They did the tending of their squaw 
 I atch farming and a Chief with a goodly number under him thus 
 by agriculture became, as the Indians counted riches, well off". 
 
 Chief Keokuk had seven wives. Keokuk Jr. had four wives, 
 but I never have been able to find where he ever had more than 
 two at one time. His last wife, Mary Mitchell Means, married 
 2 
 
in a legal way as late as 1898, who was left his widow, had been 
 married four times before Keokuk took her. But after +!i'^ Black 
 Hawk war I do not think that the custom of having more than 
 two wives in the lodge at once prevailed. When Keokuk was 
 converted to Christianity he put away his wife Anielia, and 
 Che che cah remained his legal and only wife until her death, 
 when he married Mary Mitchell Means. Amelia, however, on being 
 put aivay was given her share of the property. In all tit gen- 
 ealogical matters "the ways of an Indian" in counting up family 
 descent through the female line always puzzled me. 
 
 At the payment of the Annuities in 1869, under Maj. Wiley's 
 administration, the papers that he kept, and were afterwards 
 loaned to me by his heir. Miss Iris M. Andrews of Kenton, Ohio, 
 alluded to in the history of the Indian Quenemo, revealed many 
 interesting facts that came up wherein Keokuk has a part or 
 which concerns his Nation. Several times it was Keokuk's for- 
 tune to make trips to Washington. First with his father, and 
 the trip I am now going to speak of as being made in the spring of 
 1868 may have been his 3rd or 4th, and he went again In Nov. 
 and Dec. 1868. This trip I pick out to describe, has Maj. Wiley's 
 old papers to throw light on the manner and customs of Indian 
 Delegations to Washington in those days. In this case, as neither 
 the Indians or Indian Agent had been summoned to Washington, 
 somebody had to put up the cash to make the trip with. So it 
 was arranged that the principal Chiefs should borrow it until the 
 next payment of Annuities, when the Agent would take it out of 
 the Nation's funds. A $2,000 note was executed, which bore a 
 dollar revenue stamp cancelled by the five signers. This is a 
 copy of it: 
 
 Sac and Fox Agency, August 30, 1867. 
 For value received, we promise to pay Perry Fuller the sum 
 of Two Thousand dollars ($2,000) out of any money which may 
 become due the Sac's and Foxes of the Mississippi under the 
 provisions of their Treaty concluded at the City of Washington 
 on the 18th day of February 1867 now pending ratification in the 
 Senate of United States. For services rendered in securing its 
 
amendment and ratification , . ^ i 
 
 Keokuk his X mark 
 
 Che ko skuk his X mark 
 
 Pah teck quaw his X mark 
 
 Witnesses Un quaw ho ko his X mark 
 
 William Whistler Waw com mo his X mark 
 
 On the back of the note was written: Lawrence, Kansas, 
 Sept. 1st, 1867. 1 or value received I assign to J. K. Rankm & 
 Co. the within without recourse. Perry Fuller. 
 
 Across the face of the note is written: Cancelled June 15, 
 1869. Paper No. 44. 
 
 Paper No. 47. On the back of this paper is written "A. 
 Wiley's expenses to Washington." Also my note in pencil, 9 
 person's composed the delegation, but I do not know the list, 1905. 
 With the light from other papers and some remarks of Henry 
 Clay Jones, of the Nation, I think that this list is nearly correct. 
 (C. R. Green, 1912.) Major Albert Wiley, the Agent, William 
 Whistler, Trader, George Powers, Interpreter for the Chiefs, 
 Keokuk, Un quaw ho ko or Grey Eyes, Che ko skuk, Pah teck- 
 quaw, Waw com mo. The 9th one I never found out. He was an 
 Indian. George Powers had Indian blood or he could not have 
 been counted an Indian for William Whistler was the treasurer 
 on this trip and when they got back he rendered a statement of 
 all expenses, and showed how the $2000 was expended on this 
 trip for the good of the 7 Indians? I present this paper: A 
 copy—no dates were given. 
 
 Expenses to Leavenworth to get the express money $ 55.00 
 
 Paid to Isaac Goodell to bring Mo ko ho ko 1.00 
 
 Board of 7 Indians at Sol Bower's before starting 15.00 
 
 Paid Keokuk to take his team to Lawrence 10.00 
 
 Paid Robinson for team to Lawrence 10.00 
 
 Tickets to and from Washington, 9 at $80 each 720.00 
 
 Sleeping Car tickets 52.00 
 
 Keeping baggage 2.00 
 
 Paid Indians $2 each on car at St. Louis, 7 14.00 
 
 Paid 7 Indians $30 each 210.00 
 
 Paid Keokuk, Wa com mo and Grey Eyes $10 each 30 00 
 
 4 
 
MARY MITCHELL, about the time she married TOM MEANS 
 of QUENEMO, and settled on the McPlieters' farm 1870. 
 2nd picture, In the days when MARY married Moses Keokuk. 
 
 The first child born to Julia, the Indian wife of Lieut .Mitchell, 
 in 1828 Mary has had a romantic checkered career of H4 years. 
 This all comes out in the (400DELL Gliapt' another book. 
 
 Tlie widow Keokuks' home is Sac & Eox Asrencv Okl''. 
 
25 
 
 Trip to Mount Vernon 2«-t)0 
 
 Nurse bill for George Powers 54.00 
 
 Brandy, wine and delicacies for George Powers 24.35 
 
 Powers—expense money hoiVie - 25.00 
 
 Pd. to Indians $5.50 each--6 Indians 39.00 
 
 Paid for 6 hats at $5.00 each ....- - 30.00 
 
 Paid for 12 pairs of socks 50 cents each 6.00 
 
 Paid cash to 7 Indians at $5.00 - 35.00 
 
 Jewelry at the dollar store. 25.00 
 
 6 black silk cravats at $2.00 each. 12.00 
 
 Baggage from the house 4.00 
 
 Bill at Beverages Saloon 20.00 
 
 Cash divided among Indians before leaving Washington 
 
 home to purchase truck etc 180.00 
 
 Paid William Whistler at request of Indians..... 58.00 
 
 3 more hats 15.00 
 
 Circus tickets $21.00. Theatre tickets $15.00 36.00 
 
 Boatman to get us aboard ship (to Mt. Vernon) , 2.00 
 
 Tobacco, cigars and papers at Washington and on the road.. 20.00 
 
 Staying all night at .Kansas Mo. State Line Depot 16.00 
 
 Omnibus and Hotel bill at Lawrence 15.00 
 
 2 carriages and 1 wagon at Lawrence to haul us out 50.00 
 
 Paid for provisions after return 72.00 
 
 Pay of street cars and other expenses 4.65 
 
 $2,000.00 
 Credit by cash raised on the note $2,000.00. 
 
 There are a number of things that I can throw some light 
 on, for I came to Kansas the year of 1867, in April, and was at 
 Lawrence aiid out the whole length of Kansas. The Union Pacific 
 Railway was built then to Salina. From the fact that many of 
 the Traders and at times some of the Agents had homes there in 
 Lawrence, after the cars ran as far as that place, the folks at the 
 Sac and Fox Agency made that its business point, though 40 
 miles away, and always took the cars there. The bank at Law- 
 rence evidently could not cash up $2000, so there were expenses to 
 Leavenworth, discount on the note, etc. As the note seems to 
 
26 
 
 have run nearly 2 years, I do not understand how they got $2000 
 out of it. Where did 12percent interest per year come in? It 
 was very necessary that the old chief Mo ko ho ko's consent and 
 approval mark be got on this paper to insure its being paid in the 
 end out of the Nation's fund's, so the boy Isaac Goodell was sent up 
 the Marais des Cygnes several miles to Mo ko ho ko's camp for 
 him to come down and help them out, but he could not see it that 
 way. Half of the warriors were with him then in his fight to 
 break up the Treaty, and his influence was reaching Wasningfcoii 
 where the Senate was holding it up for an investigation, so the 
 anxiety of these several interested parties who went, and of others, 
 who after the money vv'as raised stayed here in Kansas, that the 
 "Indian Delegation" should convince the Sendue Committee in 
 President Johnson's time that everything was straight and the 
 Sac and I' oxes really wanted to move. 
 
 It only cost them twenty dollars for the two wagons to go to 
 Lawrence carrying their baggage and nine persons, but on their 
 return more style had to be used at an expense of 2 carriages and 
 one wagon. Powers imbibed so freely that he liked to have died. 
 I am inclined to think that they shipped him home ahead of tho 
 crowd, as only 8 show up at trie last end. Tne railroad fares are 
 about whfii wa;. r)},ht. In those days it cost me $35 to come ou"" 
 from Cleveland, 0.,but I did not but any $2 cravats, which item 
 with several others, like "Beverages" and "Truck," cover a mul- 
 titude of sins. However, all this was nothing to some of the ex- 
 penses had by Congressional Funeral or Junketing panics in the 
 days gone by. 
 
 • The Indian Delegation, however, must have had some in- 
 fluence with congress for that year, after some amendments the 
 Treaty was passed and proclaimed Oct. 14, 1868. In the mean- 
 while these Indian Delegations were a nuisance in Washington, 
 hence this order: 
 
 Washington, D. C, October 16, 1868 
 
 Sir~I have to advise you that as Congress failed to make 
 
 certain appropriations from which the expenses of Delegations of 
 
 Indians visiting this city have heretofore been paid, no delegation 
 
 from any of the Tribes in your Superintendency will be allowed to 
 
27 
 
 visit Washington during the present fiscal year, unless especially 
 directed to do so by this office, for the reason that there are no 
 funds at the disposal of the Dep't that can be used to defray their 
 accessary expenses. 
 
 You will inform the different Agents under you of the fore- 
 going and take such other steps to prevent Indians coming here as 
 may be necessary to accomplish the object. 
 
 Very Respectfully your Ob't Serv't 
 To Signed Charles E. Mix, 
 
 Thomas Murphy Esq. Acting Commissioner. 
 
 Sr.ft. tf lndv.n Affairs, Atchison, Kan. 
 
 After the return of Maj. Wiley and his Indian Delegation in 
 April 1868 from Washington, the Senate, July 25, 1868, agreed to 
 the T rei.ty v. .th thv .iddition of certain new amendments. The . 
 the Treaty had to go back to the Sac and Fox Nation to be agreed 
 to there by the Council, which, as shown by the printed copy I 
 have, was done Sept. 2, 1838; when upon its return to Washing- 
 ton, the President Proclaimed it Oct. 14. 
 
 If Keokuk was alive and would tell a true story of all that 
 happened that year, while he himself might be shown up with far 
 less wisdom ard sagacity than his father, (Old Chief Keokuk,) 
 displayed when treating on their removal from Iowa 26 years be- 
 fore, it would reflect very derogatory to the reputation of many 
 men who left Kansas afterwards, or who stayed, died here and 
 left descendants and ill gotten wealth by their stealings. Yet 
 Keokuk soon saw that he was losing influence with his fellow 
 tri'cp-ri.eii . <'ia' i\'^.\9-yiing men surrounded him and were tryin;> 
 to use him only as a tool, to get the Treaty through and the lands 
 to spec'.ila'A on. Keokuk halts and refuses his signature at f.u- 
 last end. The others, excepting Mo ko ho ko, are prevailed on to 
 finish up the job. A party of all hands go down to Ottawa and 
 hold a conference. Here, by frequent drinks, Keokuk at last 
 loses command of himself and the coveted signature, with plenty 
 of white men as witnesses, is obtained. Then some are entrusted 
 with the job of keeping Keokuk drunk in his room, while the 
 others hurried away to Washington with the Document. In my 
 earlier years on the Sac and Fox Reservation one time in Ottawa 
 
28 
 I had the old hotel building pointed out to me where they man- 
 aged to detain Keokuk thus a day or so. 
 
 When he came to his senses, without money and almost with- 
 out influential friends there and unable to talk English, he re- 
 turned to the Agency and resolved tliat he would in some way go 
 on to Washington and try to stop the gigantic swindle being prac- 
 ticed on his tribesmen, that he himself until so recently saw in 
 another light. 
 
 Major Wiley's letter, now given, will make clear many points 
 in a whole lot of troubles that Keokuk, Maj. Wiley and others had 
 that fall and winter of 1868-69. 
 
 ABOUT MAJ. ALBERT WILEY'S REMOVAL. 
 
 Sac and Fox Agency, Kansas, June 1, 1869. 
 To the Hon. Com. of Indian Affairs, 
 
 Col. E. S. Parker. Sir: I learn from the Commissioner's 
 letter, dated May 27th, that I have been relieved from duty as 
 Agent for the Sac and Foxes. The Com. will please bear with me 
 in making the following statements. In Oct. 1868, I received 
 from Supt. Murphy copy of order issued by Acting Com. Mix, 
 directing that no Indian from his Superintendency should be al- 
 lowed to go to Washington unless ordered there by the Com. of 
 Indian Affairs. The order also said "all and every means should 
 be used to carry out the order"~In the latter part of Nov. 1868 
 Keokuk and three other Indians made preparations to go to Wash- 
 ington, without the knowledge or consent of the Nation or the 
 Chiefs. I called them to my office, read them the order. They 
 denied that they had any intention to visit Washington, but at 
 last said it was their intention so to do. I then informed them 
 that they would be stopped if they made the attempt. They said 
 that they would go when they pleased and where they pleased, 
 independent of Commissioner, or anybody else. I informed the 
 Sup't about it. He ordered them stopped. 
 
 I met the Indians at Lawrence, Kan. I laid my complaint 
 with my order before the U. S. Com'r. He issued a warrant, 
 they were arrested and brought before him, the case heard. They 
 were remanded into custody of the United States Marshal with 
 orders "Safe to keep and return them to their Reserve." It was 
 
29 
 
 late in the ^evening, the Marshal was compelled either to watch 
 them all night or lock them up. They were locked up in the hall 
 of the Douglas County jail. They were under key about 12 hours, 
 a writ of habeas corpus was taken out, they were released and 
 went on to Washington. 
 
 At the instigation of George Powers, ((he is well known at 
 the Dep't) an interpreter who had been compelled to resign on 
 account of his profligacy, I with others have been sued for false 
 i:Tiprisonment, for the sum of 40 thousand dollars. I was tried 
 first. My case was forced to trial, while I was south in the In- 
 Jnin Ty., and there by the order of the Dep't with the U. S. Cum. 
 locating the Sac and Fox and Pottawatomie Indians, and '.idg- 
 nient rendered against me for $1900, and execution placed on 
 what liHle T^'oa-Hiry I have. This with the expenses attending 
 -juch a suit are being heaped upon me, and all becaus?. i c;iiried 
 out an order from my superior officer. If the order was niogal 1 
 am not to blame for its issue and should (not*) be made to suffer 
 
 the pteuniary loss that I am now doing.. 
 
 Would it not be simple justice to allow me to remain in possession 
 of my office until the case is settled? Will not the Hon. Com. al- 
 low me to visit Washing and lay my case before the Dep't? False- 
 hoods upo.i falsehoods have been piled up against me there. May 
 I not be heard? I very respectfully ask that the Hon. Com. will 
 cause a reply to be made this communication. 
 
 Very Respectfully 
 Albert Wiley 
 
 U. S. Indian Agent. 
 * The word "not" is supplied by the editor. 
 
 Commissioner Parker's Reply. 
 Department of Interior, Office of Indian Affairs. 
 Washington, D. C, June 10, 1869. 
 Albert Wiley, Esq., U. S. In. Agt. 
 
 Sac and Fox Agency, Kansas. 
 Sir-Your communication addressed to me of the 1st inst. is re- 
 ceived and in reply thereto I have to state that your supercedure 
 as Agt. was occasioned by no delinquency of yours, but is in ac- 
 
30 
 
 cordance with the poHcy now in force to detail military officers to 
 such positions. 
 
 You will of course remain in charge of the Agency until your 
 successor takes possession. After you have been so reheved, 
 your contemplated visit to this city will be a matter for yourself 
 to determine, as it will be at your own expense. 
 
 Very Respectfully Your Obedient Servant, 
 
 E. S. Parker, Commissioner. 
 
 In looking up Mr. Parker's biography I learn that he was born 
 on the Seneca Reservation in N. Y., of whom he was one, a man of 
 high education. He settled in Galena, 111. where he knew U. S. 
 Grant before the Civil War, and during that War was one of his 
 Aids, attaining the rank of Brevet Brig. General. When Grant 
 was inaugurated President March 4, 1869, Gen. Parker was ap- 
 pointed Com. of Indian Affairs. 
 
 In a memoranda among Maj. Wiley's papers I find more in- 
 formation about Keokuk's trip to Washington. In Nov. 1868 
 Keokuk, Man ah to wah, Charles Keokuk, Quah quah lup he quah, 
 Wa com mo and the Interpreter, George Powers, composed the 
 party, four of which drew some money ($300) of the Indian Bu- 
 reau and the matter is reported back to Agent Wiley for him to 
 take out of their next annuities. What this party accomplished 
 I do not know. In April and May 1869 Keokuk and some compan- 
 ions went again. This time Henry Clay Jones, as interpreter, 
 went with them. They went while Agent Wiley and a party was 
 off down in the Indian Ty. selecting the new Reservation. Per- 
 haps the $1,900 that Wiley complains of having to pay as dama- 
 ges in the above letter may have been Keokuk's backing for the 
 expenses of the trip. There are no records that show more than 
 the tribe is badly divided over both Keokuk's conduct, as well as 
 the great strife among white settlers to get on to the Indian lands. 
 With these several papers I shall drop the subject of Keokuk's 
 quarrel there with both whites and many of his own tribe. 
 
 I. will introduce certain parts of Agent C, C. Hutchinson's re- 
 port to his superior officers Sept. 17, 1862. His home was in 
 Lawrence, but the letter is from the Sac and Fox Agency. At 
 this time the Indians are all very well established on the Dimin- 
 ished Reservation. Many small houses have been built up and 
 down all the streams, as per the Treaty of 1859, which many of 
 
31 
 
 the Indians occupied during the winter season, if they did not in 
 the summer. Mr. Hutchinson, so far as I have ever heard, gave 
 the Sac and Fox tribe a term of clean administration. He says 
 "Four times as much land has been cultivated the past year, but 
 drouth has prevented a good yield. During harvest season they 
 leave their homes and pitch their tents in their fields and all fe- 
 males join joyfully in drying corn and pumpkins. They are a gay 
 and talkative people, only stoical before the whites. They are 
 wearing more shoes, hats, etc., and have broken several pairs of 
 ponies to two or three wagons owned by the Missouri Band of 
 Sacs and Foxes among them. Until very recently this tribe has 
 obeyed the parting councils of Black Hawk to never adopt the 
 habits of the whites. Whiskey drinking is their greatest curse. 
 Whiskey sellers are numerous around the Reservation. Not until 
 the Act of Feby. 13, 1862, could they be reached. Five arrests 
 have been made withoue deterring the profitable trade. At 
 Leavenworth whiskey can be obtained at 20c per gal., and sold 
 to the Indians at from $1 to $5 per gal. The Indians will barter 
 the necessities of life for liquor. The last payment roll gave 343 
 men, 413 women and 424 children; total 1180." 
 
 "A band of the tribe while out on a hunt this summer were sur- 
 rounded by the Commanches, two women taken prisoners and 
 all the horses stolen, further than that all was well." 
 
 "A party of Sac and Fox visited recently the Kaws and kil- 
 led one of their most industrious men in an unprovoked assault, 
 Four leaders in the party have been arrested and sent to Fort 
 Leavenworth. A council of the Chiefs and Braves desires that 
 the Icad-rs be punished, they also request that a messenger be 
 sent to the Kaws with an apology and that the Sac and Fox tribe 
 would pay the relatives of the deceased with ponies and goods. 
 The Kaws accepted the arrangement. The prisoners made a prom- 
 ise before their Chief Keokuk and other witnesses that they would 
 not attempt to escape on their way to Fort Leavenworth if they 
 were allowed to go unchained. They went quietly to prison under 
 charge of two unarmed men." 
 
 "Some of the tribe have obtained a few hens, hogs and cattle 
 which, with their ponies and other belongings, make aggregate 
 wealth of the Nation $65,000. The contract completed and most 
 of ,the houses occupied. The Mission buildings (two, costing 
 
32 
 
 $5,000 each) are erected and the Indians are anxious for schools. 
 100 acres for the Mission farm and 40 acres for the Agency were 
 fenced and broke this summer and the whole put into sod corn; 
 the drouth prevented the crop maturing. The work was done by- 
 hired refugee Cherokees (Union men who were early drove out 
 of their own homes by the Confederates in war dry i ) " End. 
 
 From Agent Henry W. Martin's reports, commencing Oct. 
 20, 1863, I will give a few extracts : "Number of tribe 975, the 
 season of 1863 they planted all their available ground and had 
 good crops. They boil their corn when fit for roasting ears, cut 
 it from the cob, dry it, and pack in rawhide sacks, trunks, etc., 
 taking out what is needed for their winter hunt. The balance 
 is buried three or four feet deep, where it remains until their re- 
 turn in the spring." 
 
 "While the Sacs and Foxes were absent during the winter 
 I have permitted the refugee Creeks, Cherokees, etc., to occupy 
 all vacant houses on the Reserve. Most of them appreciate the 
 loan, others have shamefully abused the houses." 
 
 The Sac and Fox Mission School 
 
 The Mission School Under Rev. R. P. Duvall. Instructor. 
 
 From both Martin's and Mr. Duvall's reports Sept. 1863, I 
 give the following. "All chiefs and head men, except one, are 
 taking deep interest in the Mission School. This chief refuses 
 ever step toward civilization (this is Mo ko ho ko and his band.)" 
 This tribe is loyal to the U. S. Gov't and some have enlisted in 
 Capt. Van Horn's company, raised here out of the refugee tribes 
 known as the two Kansas colored regiments, though having many 
 Indians in. I will not speak further of the soldiers from the tribe 
 here. 
 
HENRY CLAY JONES. JACK HEAIl & WIPE. 
 In 1903 I visited Mr. Jones in liis home near Keokuk Palls, Ok. 
 and got enough inforiuaUon to fill a chapter. It will have to go 
 along with the Goodell in another book, Born on the Iowa River 
 Nov. 25 1814. Mother a Pox squaw-Kah-te-quah. Father a Ky. 
 Welchman who served in the civil war in Co. H. l!nd COL. CAV. 
 Their farm at the junction of '110' & Dragoon was bought of them 
 by H. H. Wiggans. Mr. Jones Sr, died and is buried therebouts. 
 Henry C. Jones married Sarah Penny of this locality, his claim is 
 now occupied by Wm Gregory. Jones went with the Indians, and 
 in 1871 the learned Indian scholar William Jones was born. Mr J" 
 and the learned son are both dead. But each left a "high mark'-. 
 
 Of Jack Bear there is not room to say much. Just now he has the 
 distinction of owning the last and only "BEAR CLAWS' necklace 
 in the Tribe left uuburied. It is valued at 500 dollars. 
 
33 
 
 MR. AND MRS. DUVALL. 
 
 Rev. R. P. Duvall opened the Mission School in the two large 
 buildings up on the hill southwest of the Agency about a mile, 
 April 1st, 1863. Those buildings stood there until about 1885 
 when a Mr. Myers, who had bought of the Government and of 
 private individuals the whole section, tore down the buildings, 
 built himself a fine residence on the site, and out of the lumber 
 of the old buildings a fine big stock barn. The Indian burial 
 ground, where John Goodell and many other persons had been 
 buried with no permanent headstones of consequence nor fenced 
 up yard, back of the Mission buildings grew up to second growth 
 timber. The hogs rooted the dirt and stones about so after the 
 Indians left in 1870 that no one could find and recognize a grave 
 by 1885. So d'd it go in nearly all the burial places of the Indians 
 on the Reservation. 
 
 The season of 1863 Mr. Duvall says that 15, towards the last 
 17, children were clothed, subsisted and taught by his wife. The 
 100 acres of cultivated land produced bountifully and they were 
 expecting more pupils. The upper Band, heretofore prejudiced 
 against us, are beginning to send pupils. 
 
 There had been two or three subscription schools held at the 
 old Greenwood Agency since the Old Chief Keokuk had died. The 
 whites, who had families with them, who were managing the 
 Agency could not bear to see their children growing up in ignor- 
 ance, so in 1853 or 1854 they built a log school house at their own 
 expense and for the first term got Randolph Mason Benton, son 
 of Thomas H. Benton of St. Louis, to teach their school. We 
 hear nothing further of him more than he never lived to be very 
 old. The next year, 1854-1855, Marcus C. Rose, of New Castle, 
 Pa., a new settler of Burlingame, was given the job of teaching 
 a four months' school, supported by subscription on the part of 
 the Agent, several whites, and others. A dollar a month per 
 pupil was pledged. He has not preserved any list of the pupils 
 but from what he wrote me I could not find that Chief Keokuk 
 sent his son Charles. 
 
 Mr. Rose was well satisfied with his winter's work at the 
 
34 
 
 Greenwood Agency. He returned to Burlingame and after an- 
 other year in Kansas went back to New Castle, Pa., and settled 
 down. I have not heard from him since about 1902. He prepared 
 for me a valuable sketch of his life here in "The Early Days of 
 Kansas," which I printed then in Vol. 2 of Burlingame Pioneer 
 Narratives. 
 
 I do not know now of any other school being conducted at the 
 Greenwood Agency until Missionary Duvall and wife got down 
 there about 1860. The settlers of Kansas began very early in the 
 day establishing good schools in the surrounding towns and both 
 Agents and whites who had the running of the Agency either 
 moved their families to these, places like Minneola or Centropolis, 
 which towns were almost one, Baldwin, or as it was known at 
 first, Palmyra, on the Santa Fe Trail, and Prairie Center, now 
 Media. I think the Goodell family and most of the educated half 
 bloods went to Baldwin. 
 
 The Duvalls did not get any salary from the Sac and Fox 
 Tribe for their services at the Old Agency. I think they were sup- 
 ported by the Kansas M. E. church or their Home Mission board. 
 The whites of the Agency undoubtedly favored them, but after 
 the treaty of 1859 the council of the nation yielded to the wish 
 of the whites that Mission building be erected and Missionary 
 teachers be allowed a salary out of the tribal funds. The build- 
 ings, as stated elsewhere, were erected in 1861-62 at the New 
 Agency. More than 36 years this tribe had resisted education and 
 Christianizing influences. Their old agent, Joseph M. Street, both 
 in Wisconsin and Iowa had done his best to make an entering 
 wedge and now Agent Martin in 1863 got the Duvall family into 
 the Mission School, salary paid by the tribe. 
 
 Since 1903 when I began looking up the Tribal Education 
 subject until Mrs. Duvall's death at Delaware, Ohio, March 20, 
 1910, many letters passed between us over their history while in 
 Kansas. I feel that there ought to be a better biographer for the 
 material in my hands. She often expressed a wish to see in print 
 something about her husband's labors with the Sac and Fox In- 
 dians and I was sorry that my circumstances were such that I 
 could not gratify her in her lifetime. She was a pensioner all the 
 
35 
 
 days of her widowhood, supported by the M. E. church of Kansas 
 where Rev. Duvall gave the best he had to give until his health 
 failed and he returned to Ohio and died in middle life. She says 
 that they labored 2 years at the Greenwood Agency and 3 years 
 ■at Agency Hill. 
 
 Rev. R. P. Duvall was first a member of the North Ohio M. E. 
 Conference two years in his young manhood. He came to Quin- 
 daro, Kansas, in 1856, in the midst of the Border Ruffian war- 
 times. And was ordained under a tent at his first charge, Quin- 
 daro, surrounded by soldiers, as a Methodist preacher and Home 
 Missionary. In 1857 he went back to Ohio, married Miss Sarah 
 Black and their wedding trip was to Kansas. He preached to a 
 white congregation at Quindaro, to the Wyandotte Indians at 
 Wyandotte Indians at Wyandotte and at another point to the Del- 
 Wyandott White Church and at another point to the Delaware 
 Indians. At Wyandott the place of preaching was at the 
 home of Mrs. Lucy Armstrong, a white woman, daughter of Rev. 
 Russell Biglow of Ohio. ■ She had married an educated Wyandotte, 
 who I think now was dead. After one year at these three ap- 
 pointments Mr. Duvall was sent back into the Territory. They 
 took up a claim near what was later Baldwin and had four or five 
 appointments. They have not been given to me but they seem to 
 have been south and west more towards the Old Greenwood Agen- 
 cy where we find them located by 1860. He remained in this part 
 of Kansas until 1866 when he served other stations in the Kansas 
 Conference at Manhattan and Holton which was his last. Then 
 with his family he returned home to Ohio and died February 7, 
 1874, in his 44th year. The lived in Kansas 14 years. 
 
 Rev. Duvall was desirous to carry the Gospel among the In- 
 dians and at that time so far as I can learn all the emigrant tribes 
 had missionaries and mission schools in their midst except the 
 Sac and Fox tribe — they had kept them out. In the course that 
 he took he gradually became acquainted with Keokuk, Mrs. Julia 
 Goodell and others of the tribe who had influence so that by the 
 Treaty of 1859 the Council of the Nation yielded to these pleadings 
 of their officers and friends that education and Christianity be 
 allowed a foothold in the tribe. 
 
36 
 
 Upon an occasion about this time when a camp meeting was 
 in progress not far from Centropolis the Duvalls persuaded Julia 
 Goodell to go with them there and she experienced conversion. 
 As she talked English well and had lived many years of her life 
 with Missionaries this was a great help to Rev. Duvall and his 
 work. One scarcely realizes the drawbacks to be found at an 
 Indian Agency, so many unprincipled white men there for gain 
 that the poor Indian only saw their vicious habits and it took time 
 for him to prove the Missionary's good intentions. 
 
 The Civil War came on, Rev. Duvall accepted the position of 
 chaplain in the 6th Kansas Cavalry March 7, 1862. Mrs. Duvall 
 writes me that she accompaanied her husband to the field which 
 was way down at first on the Grand river in the Indian Ty. to 
 protect the loyal Cherokees. Mrs. Duvall said that they lived in 
 the Ross houses. 
 
 They were rebels and had fled to New Orleans. A portion of 
 these several tribes remained loyal to the Union, but as the war 
 progressed our Union forces had to fall back towards Kansas, and 
 and hence it came about that nearly 4,000 of these loyal refugees 
 had to come as far north as the Sac and Fox Agency that they 
 might receive rations from Uncle Sam. 
 
 In 18661-62 the two large buildings for the Mission School at 
 the New Agency were built and Agent Martin, knowing Rev. 
 Duvall's fitness for the position, asked him to resign his posi 
 tion in the army and accept the one of Mission work in the new 
 buildings. The Nation showed a willingness to devote some of 
 the funds to the support of the School — children were gathered 
 up from willing Indians over the Reserve. They were lodged and 
 fed right in the School at least five days of the -week for the first 
 term, beginning April 1, 1863, and ending a year later. Mrs. 
 Duvall and an assistant, by name of Miss Jane Thrift, who was 
 some friend of theirs from Ohio, helped to conduct the school. 
 Mrs. Duvall has kindly furnished me a list of pupils that 1st term: 
 LIST OF MRS. DUVALLS SCHOOL. 
 
 Jane Goodell, Nellie Goodell, Alice Carey. 
 
 Lizzie Dole, daughter of the orator, Shaw kaw paw kof. 
 
 Bettie Martin, Emma Goodell, Charlie Keokuk son of Chief 
 Keokuk 
 
n 
 
 O 
 
 W 
 O 
 
 W 
 
37 
 
 Pe tete Keokuk, Antoine Gokey. 
 
 Maggie, Sophia, Katie, Victor and Peter Tenon, halfbreeds. 
 
 Frank White Cloud (a bright boy.) 
 
 Robert Thrift, Edward Fuller, Hugh J. Fisher. 
 
 Joseph Chic kus kuk, son of the Chief of that name. 
 
 Geo. W. Jaddock, Colonel Davis, Dickey Duvall. 
 
 Henry Martin, Edwin Landon, Jonnie Goodell, Fannie and 
 Hiram Thorp. 
 
 Willie Harris, Alexander Conley, Elvira and Charhe Conley, 
 halfbreeds. 
 
 Fannie Pot o hoke, the only Indian name we had. Mrs. 
 
 Duvall says, "I am sorry we did not write down the Indian names 
 of the children. My husband baptized them all. I have letters 
 written by them, saying, "We want to meet you in Heaven." Fan- 
 nie Capper could give you these names." 
 
 The reader will see how popular Mrs. Goodell and others were 
 when the children chose their friends' names for their christian 
 ones. Their school averaged 18, but they had 35 enrolled. Noth- 
 ing is said about the other terms how many attended. Mr. Alfred 
 Capper, looking over the list one time, said that Bob Thrift was 
 named from Mrs. Duvall's daughter. They kept Bob Thrift around 
 the store and town afterwards to do their interpreting down in 
 the Indian Ty. After Capper left there and came back up to his 
 farm at Lyndon in 1878, Bob used to write to him to have a pack 
 of cards sent to him, as they were not allowed to be sold by the 
 Traders. Bob was an exceedingly smart Indian and could hold 
 his own with smart fellows. He died about 1885. 
 
 Miss Jane Thrift, assistant in the Mission School 2 years, 
 was, when Mrs. Duvall was writing in 1904, the wife of Rev. A. C. 
 Barnes, presiding elder of Findley District, Ohio. March 4, 1912, 
 she wrote me her address was Mrs. Jane T. Barnes, West Sandusky 
 street, Findley, Ohio, and that she recognized many of the names 
 of Indians in some of my letters sent her. 
 
 One thing I have failed to mention in these stories of Rev. 
 Duvall's labors here in Keokuk's time ; when they settled on their 
 claim near Baldwin and Centropolis in 1858, Mrs. Duvall's brother 
 and family moved out from Ohio to their neighborhood. Sam 
 
38 
 
 Black soon became an employee of the Sac and Fox Agency and as 
 he had married well back in Ohio and their first child, Walter 
 Black, had been borii there, this family made a good addition to 
 the Ohio circle. Mr. Black filled minor offices during the war days 
 that brought him much in contact with the Indians and he gained 
 their confidence so that he was appointed Deputy U. S. Marshal 
 to keep the white settlers off the Reservation, especially the 
 northwestern part, until the Indians had left. The Indians, m 
 addition to the, salary that Mr. Black got, caused to be given to 
 him a good claim up Salt Creek, 2 miles east of Lyndon, where they 
 lived until 1874, when they traded the claim for the Lyndon Hotel. 
 He had lost his first wife on the farm and married Mrs. Missouri 
 Darnell when they made this change. Sam is dead, but Mrs. Black 
 and the children still carry on the Hotel. 
 
 HISTORICAL SKETCH. 
 
 Written by Mrs. Sarah Black Duvall 1904. 
 
 I will give you a brief account of our school on what was 
 then known as the Sac and Fox Reservation in Kansas. This 
 school began in 1861, Perry Fuller, Agent. Suggested by his wife, 
 the now Sainted Mrs. Fuller, my husband. Rev. R. P. Duvall, a 
 member of the Kansas Conference, was asked to move to the 
 Agency to form the acquaintance of these people in view of this 
 school. We lived at what is now knojvn as the Old Agency, two 
 years. The war broke out and nothing was done only the building 
 of houses on the Reserve for the Indians to live in, and the two 
 large houses at the New Agency for school purposes. 
 
 In the spring of '63, Hon. H. W. Martin, the newly appointed 
 Agent of this tribej met my husband, who was Chaplain of the 
 6th Kansas Cavalry, in the Indian Territory, and having known 
 of our life with these people and our interest in them, believed 
 they could be christianized and civilized if the Government would 
 give the needed appropriation. Major Martin immediately in- 
 sisted on our return to then to open the first school with the Sac 
 an Foxes, April 20, 1863. After we had gathered in from the' 
 "wigwam" seven children, we opened our school. 
 
39 
 
 I never will forget "Longhorn" a brave and an old man, hav- 
 ing a little grandson. As we started away with the little three- 
 year-old boy, the grand-father placed a little red blanket on his 
 arm, and looking up into my face said: "make him a big man, he 
 30 to Washington." 
 
 We had the children of the three chiefs. Charlie, the son of 
 Aeokuk, our head chief, was our interpreter. He was ten year.s 
 )ld. I brought him to Ohio with me where we remained three 
 months. He furnished amusement for the town boys. He would 
 sit on the fence post and the boys would crowd around him. On 
 one occasion, he was missing and I was very much frightened, for 
 I knew how much his father thought of him and I set out to find 
 him. It was at the close of the war, and soldiers were on parade. 
 I pushed my way through, and close up to the music, I found 
 Charlie perfectly lost to his surroundings. 
 
 At another time, he was gone, and I found him on the engine 
 of a train standing on the track, and I was glad to reach him in 
 time. Keokuk sent a carriage to meet us at Lawrence, Kansas. 
 After Charlie had made his visit home and returned to school, 
 he came in with a pair of beautiful moccasins. I said, Charlie, 
 why do you give these to me? He said: "my mother sent them 
 to you, because you sent me home looking so nice." 
 
 Let me say here, the Indian has gratitude in his heart if the 
 white man would treat him white. This was the tide the mis- 
 sionary had to work against. Our custom was to take Charlie 
 home on Friday evening. His father lived a mile distant. On one 
 occasion, I had him behind me on my pony, and as we passed 
 through the Agency, Charhe said in his simple, honest, boyish 
 way: "Mrs. Duvall, these white men tell us not to mind what you 
 missionaries say. They say there is no Jesus Christ." 
 
 We had Chickiskuk's son Joe, a rather bright boy. His 
 father visited us often and was much interested. We had Shopa- 
 kaks ( (another Chief) two girls. He was an orator, but ended his 
 life with a pistol shot. Thus we worked on, but under great em- 
 barassment. Our children thrived and our enrollment increased 
 imtil we had an average of 18 and 35. All were bright and in- 
 teresting. 
 
40 
 
 Visitors from Washington said they were surprised to see 
 our boys go to the blackboard and do examples. We spent our 
 time and best energies, teaching and using our means. I took 
 from my own wardrobe to dress the girls. We were encouraged 
 by the agent to go on, all would be right, but no help came, and 
 after three years we returned to our former work. Has the 
 Government done its part? If they had, all would have been well. 
 
 Many things occured while we were there to mark the place 
 in our memory. One day we noticed the flag at half mast. My 
 husband mounted Charlie and Joe on a pony and told them to go 
 quick to the Agency. They returned with the sad news that "Our 
 Great Father (Abraham Lincoln) is dead." We tried to teach 
 them to do right in all things. But how could they? I have seen 
 them pay $18.00 for a great, coarse blanket at the trading house. 
 They were not blind, but could not keep 'themselves. We taught 
 the girls to sew and do housework. The boys were not so easily 
 managed. 
 
 Miss Jane Thrift spent two years with us, a beautiful teacher, 
 and much beloved by the Indian children. She is now the wife 
 of Rev. A. C. Barnes, Presiding Elder of Findlay District and 
 Delegate to the General Conference in May, 1890. 
 
 The School was carried on after we left and I returned after 
 being away three months. The children saw me coming from the 
 schoolroom and they fled to me, and left the teacher standing 
 alone in the room. 
 
 As I left the steps, I saw one of the little girls crying. I went 
 to her and she said: "Oh! Mrs. Duvall, we are so lonesome when 
 you are away. We drove off, supposing that all were left behind, 
 but chanced to look under the buggy seat and and there was our 
 little "Captain Baptiste," (so named by us.) Longhorn's grand- 
 son. Our hearts were drawn to these people, beliving that they 
 would love to serve the same God we do if they had an opportun- 
 ity. 
 
 While visiting Kansas several years^ago, I learned that Chief 
 Keokuk had been converted and had preached the gospel. The 
 comforting text of scripture "Cast thy bread upon the waters'" 
 was thus verified after many years. 
 
WALTER BATICE; Who was a pupil of 
 Mrs. Duvall's. He lived at Agent Wiley's. A 
 half blood. In later years he was educated at 
 Hampton Va. and by Miss Alice Longfellow 
 in Mass. He had a good deal to do during the 
 Omaha Exposition of 1897 conducting Indi- 
 ans.' to and from Oklahoma during the Indi an 
 Congress. Walter lives with the tribe. A^e 55. 
 His mother a full blood Pox , and his father 
 of French extraction. Both dead before 1868. 
 
41 
 
 DR. FENN'S HISTORY AND SKETCH OP THEIR DAYS WITH THE 
 
 INDIANS. 
 
 Elbridge Burke Fenn was born in Niagara Co., N. Y., in 1830 and 
 died at Lyndon, Kans., May 30, 1892. The parents removed to Wisconsin 
 in his early life. In spite of many difficulties Mr. Fenn managed to get 
 education enough to teach school and finally attended the Western Re- 
 serve Medical College of Cleveland, O. He settled in 1857 at Iowa Center, 
 la., and began the practice of medicine. He was married to Elizabeth W. 
 Cochran, of same place, and two children are alive to-day who were born 
 there in Iowa and who were with the parents during their several years' 
 connection with the tribe of Sac and Foxes. The mother lived there in 
 Lyndon until her death (1909) and to the father before his death and re- 
 maining members of the family I am indebted very much for many notes 
 of Sac and Fox history. 
 
 Dr. Fenn served in Co. C, 4th Iowa Inft., enlisting in August 1861. 
 He was soon promoted to the office of Hospital Steward. Grenville M. 
 Dodge led this regiment out as its colonel, but was soon made a general. 
 Dr. Fenn's constitution soon broke down under the arduous campaigns 
 in Missouri in 1861 and he was discharged for disability early in 1862. 
 On his return home he soon became editor of a paper in Guthrie Co., and 
 finally was elected a member of the 10th Iowa General Assembly. He 
 also filled the office of County Supt. of Schools and Provost Marshal of his 
 district. So many of Iowa's citizens were away to the war that any one 
 left at home competent had to fill in many vacancies, and serve on many 
 occasions. 
 
 In the spring of 1866 a party of four families all more or less related 
 to each other concluded to move by wagon to Kansas and as some of the 
 party had known the Sac and Foxes in Iowa they finally turned up in June 
 at the Kansas Agency. The names of the other three families were: Dr. 
 Samuel Floyd, who wa3 the oldest and largest family, from Oskaloosa; 
 Milton Cochran and Josiah Middleton had been comrades together through 
 the war in Co. K, 32dTa. V. I. Cochran was an la. ex-soldier and his father 
 John Cochran, had been a pioneer from the East wich a large family to the 
 locality of the Sac and Fox Reservation there in Iowa and all the children 
 were familiar with Agent Street and the English speaking half bloods. So 
 wa see how natural it was for this party to make for the new Kansas 
 Agency. Mrs. Fenn and Mrs. Floyd were sisters of Milton Cochran. Poor 
 man, his bones rest there in the woods east of Quenemo in an unknown 
 grave. He sickened and died within a few weeks while they were living 
 o nthe Geo. Logan place. They buried him there temporarily and when 
 in later years they would have removed him to some burial ground the 
 
42 
 
 changes of civilation and timber growth and want of energetic search 
 obliged them to give it up forever. Dr. Floyd's also buried a little two 
 year old child beside Cochran in those August days when rains, heat and 
 decaying vegetation sent up malaria enough to poison the whole party. 
 Dr. Penn went over and saw Rev. Rogers who with Agent Martin, all 
 being brother masons, soon got him into the vacant place as government 
 physician to the tribe. He had, with others, come there to following farm- 
 ing, but these deaths got him right up away from there. A vacant cabin 
 was found at the Agency and the Dr. moved at once. Mrs. Fenn and her 
 family found a loving welcome to the neighborhood by the Goodell family. 
 The two women could talk for hours about their old Iowa homes and 
 acquaintances. The Dr. and Mrs. Fenn at once joined in with the christian 
 element and helped to carry on Sunday School and occasional preaching 
 services. Rev. Duvall's had gone and Missionary Kogers tnen ran the 
 Mission School. Those years until the Indians left in the lall of 1869 were 
 stirring ones for the white setlers at the Agency. There existed so much 
 ill feeling on the part of the common Indians and one or two chiefs against 
 the whites for driving them off the Kansas Reservation that the tribal 
 physician had hard work to enter their homes with his interpreter in cases 
 of sickness. This of course was more especially the wild band under Mo ko 
 ho ko. Dr. Fenn would listen to stories pro and con of the troubles, yet 
 he had to be very careful in expressing any decided opoinions. These 
 troubles have been referred to plain enough in this book without my recall- 
 ing them here. How well Dr. Fenn suited the officials as well as Indians is 
 testified to by the fact that some time after the Indians' removal and lo- 
 cation in the Indian Ty. he received his second appointment to a term of 4 
 years as government physician to the tribe. This was 1879 to 1885 and his 
 son George, having a good education, now fills minor offices of secretary, 
 clerk, etc., to the council and store at the Ind. Ty. Agency. This move 
 to the Ind. Ty. and back was a hard one for the Fenns to make. The ways 
 of transportation were so limited that their things were ruined by flooded 
 streams they had to cross and long distances by stage. They were glad 
 enough to get back to their comfortable home at Lyndon where I im- 
 mediately became acquainted with them as Dr. Fenn was one of the elders 
 of our church. April 19, 1892, only five or six weeks before Dr. Penn's 
 death I went to his office there in Lyndon and got him to talk to me about 
 his life with the Indians. I cannot give all our talk, but I drank it in and 
 from that time on became more enthusiastic than ever to get at the bottom 
 of all their history. Dr. Fenn said that when he was wih the tribe at 
 Quenemo he knew of 5 bands, Keokuk's band was generally small. From 
 some supposed slight the warriors would enroll with Mo ko ho ko or the 
 other chieftains. A few presents would fetch them back another year. 
 
43 
 But after I came Mo ko ho ko always had the largest following. They oc- 
 cupied the southern and western part of the Reserve along the Marais des 
 Cygnes, Long Creek and some of Rock Creek. They were also known as 
 the Prairie or Wild band. 
 
 KEOKUK'S BAND 
 
 Keokuk's band always dwelt near the Agency. He was worth six or 
 eight thousand dollars, the wealthiest chief among the Sac and Foxes. 
 While he had no English education, he was a man of good understanding, 
 good principle and from several visits to Washington in the interests of his 
 tribe, had influence. He was a representative man of his people. Keokuk 
 looks, when dressed up, almost like a white man. His name Keokuk sig- 
 nifies "Sly Old Fox." He told Dr. Fenn in 1885 that he was then 69 years 
 old, making him born in 1816. From all authorities that I could draw on 
 I am satisfied that he was born in 1822. 
 
 GRAY EYES BAND 
 
 Gray eyes Uc quaw ho ko, "The Panther,'' was 2nd chief in popularity 
 to Mo ko ho ko. He had no English education and was a full chief. His 
 band dwelt just above Quenemo around Bells Hill, the McPheter's place 
 and on the River. Very litle has come down to me about this Indian Chief. 
 
 CHE KUS KUK'S BAND. 
 
 Che kus kuk was the last full blooded Fox chief from Iowa. He 
 stopped all along Salt Creek with his band. After the whites began to 
 crowd in his home was on the old Gibson farm below what we now call 
 Deaver Station. Two of his people's villages are shown on Robert Steven's 
 map of the Sac and Fox Reserve of 1868. Dr. Fenn related an anecdote of 
 how Che kus kuk came to have a tooth pulled, but as the Dr. got ready 
 to take it out, he was afraid of the pain and in spite of Mrs. Fenn's talk 
 about brave Indian, etc., he opened the door and put over to the Trader's 
 store. The Dr. followed him and in an hour or so pulled it for him. Che 
 kus kuk wrapped the tooth up carefully in paper and requested the Dr. to 
 carry it back to the white squaw and tell her he was no "squaw afraid to 
 have tooth pulled." 
 
 Mrs. Fenn spoke of him very highly. He ate at their table and had 
 good manners. They went out and called on him once at his home. Mrs. 
 Fenn said that he was a cousin of Julia Goodell. His uprightness and great 
 intelligence made him friends, and he was none the less posted about trad- 
 ing horses with the whites. When Charles Darling of Michigan Valley first 
 came to the country before the Indians left, a part of them went to Che 
 kus kuk's on a horse trade and Charlie admitted to me that he came out 
 second best. 
 
44 
 WAW COM MO'S BAND 
 
 Waw com mo was what was called by the government a half chief. He 
 had a small band— it might have been on the "110." There was another 
 half chief which Dr. Fenn could not place. All these had come dovm from 
 Iowa and all alive in 1887, but Gray eyes. In 1866 when he came there about 
 500 Indians on the Reserve. In July 1885 when he left the tribe they num- 
 bered 400 to 425. But at that time perhaps 75 of Mo ko ho ko's band still 
 dwelt in Osage County. The next year government soldiers took them 
 down there and guarded them until they gave up ever coming back to 
 kansas. 
 
 In Dr. Fenn's day in Quenemo he found Indians living there descended 
 from Pontiac Black Hawk and other distinguished chiefs, but the half 
 bloods were such drunkards that instead of helping to uplift the tribe, in 
 many cases they dragged down its name. He said that was notably the 
 case with George Powers, who was a descendant of Old Pontiac yet so pro- 
 fligate that althougli at times interpreter for the tribe, the Indians would 
 have destroyed him if they could because of his connection with the frauds 
 practiced on them. 
 
 Mrs. Fenn lived for a number of years after the Dr. died and I used 
 to go occasionally with letters to read to her from those who in former years 
 had lived there at the Indian Agency teaching school or doing missionary 
 work and by thus reading these letters to her so refresh her mind that she 
 would tell me many interesting facts. Speaking of the Mission School work 
 when they came Mr. Rogers had succeeded Mr. Duvall and after Mrs. Fenn's 
 brother Milton Cochran's death his widow found employment as a teacher 
 at the Mission until her marriage two years later to Wm. Fleak. The 
 Rogers family consisted of Mr. Rogers, his wife, son and three daughters. 
 He was afterwards a Methodist minister stationed at Oskaloosa, Kansas, 
 where the Fenn's visited the family. Mrs. Fenn said that they were amons; 
 their choicest friends in those days. She also told me so much about the 
 Julia Goodell family which comes under the head of the Goodell family 
 history. Mrs. Fenn further said that Sam Black, the brother of Mrs. Duvall. 
 had married as his first wife Stanza Williams, a daughter of some Mission- 
 ary. The marriage had taken place back in Ohio and their oldest son. 
 Walter Black, was bom in Putman Co., Ohio, Dec. 18, 1856. Four more 
 children were born to these parents, two died: two eirls married. Sadie in 
 the '80s to Geo. M. Miller, a printer, of Tooeka: Mav. to Frank Vaughn, 
 also of Tooeka. Mrs. Stanza Black died about 1870 ther,e on their farm 
 near Lyndon, but she was one of the christian women who lent her in- 
 fluence to all that was good, as they lived here and there the 10 or 12 
 years with the Sac and Fox Indians. 
 
Dr. ELBRIDGE B. PENN, and wife ELIZABETH. 
 Who as Tribal doctor and Christian workers, were with the tribe 
 at two different times, eight years altogether. 1866-84. 
 
45 
 
 Miss Mattie Arbothnot of Nebraska was a teacher one year 
 about 1866. I do not know her history. When Mr. Rogers re- 
 tired, Warner Craig, wife and her mother, assisted by Miss Ellen 
 Lavery, later Mrs. Nihizer, all were at the Mission and that 
 seemed to be the last sp far as I know. A school by private sub- 
 scription was started down by the Agency through the efforts of 
 William Whistler and Miss Leida Saylor, the first teacher in 
 1869. 
 
 Vol. 3 Early Days in Kansas tells us in a well written piece her 
 experiences and list of pupils. 
 
 In several places mention is made of the three or four thou- 
 sand refugee Indians who lived a part of the war days around 
 Agency Hill; and who being drove out of their homes in the In- 
 dian Ty. by the violence of the rebel sympathizers the U. S. 
 Gov't undertook to feed and care for at this point. Mr. Black 
 was a sort of a commisary sergeant issuing to them beeves, corn 
 and such things, as provided by the Gov't. One of the items was 
 70 barrels of shelled corn daily, which when ground by the squaws 
 was calculated to make one pint of meal apiece for each man, 
 woman and child. I do not remember about the beeves. These 
 tribes were probably a more civilized lot of Indians then, than 
 the Sac and Foxes. 
 
 Elisha Olcott, Mr. Sam Black, Alfred Capper, Mrs. Fenn and 
 others noted in their life there in those days how easily an In- 
 dian orator could draw an Indian crowd around him, if his sub- 
 ject be an interesting one. Mr. Black had» helped Captain Van 
 Horn to recruit two companies here from the Indians and free 
 negroes, so that the Indians that were left were much interested 
 in war news. Some one who understood the Indian language 
 would read and interpret the war news to Shaw kaw paw kof, a 
 half chief of the Sauk tribe, then he in turn would get a crowd 
 around him -and orate. Such of the whites as could understand 
 or get the interpreter to help them out said that his talks were 
 wonderfully interesting. There is much said about him and his 
 two daughters; Jane, who went off to Baldwin school along with 
 
46 
 Fanny Goodell in these days; and his little girl, Lizzie, )vho at- 
 tended the Mission School and Rev. Duvall baptized, and who one 
 day caught her clothes on fire from the stove and was burned so 
 that she died. Shaw kaw paw kof committed suicide here on the 
 Kansas Reservation. In further talk with Mrs. Fenn about 1900, 
 many interesting little items of history came out from time to 
 time about their life with the Indians. 
 
 After the Dr. had been Tribal Physician a year or two and 
 had got something ahead they, wanted a home of their own and, 
 as the Indians had sold their lands around the Agency to the 
 whites and the town of Quenemo was being boomed, be bought 
 of J. K. Rankin for $400 a lot (No. 85. First Street) with a small 
 one room house on it next to the river. The next year after the 
 Penns-moved in came a big flood and before the Dr. could get his 
 family out the water was. belly deep to a horse all around the 
 house. They had to get back on higher ground. Then, or be- 
 fore, they had lived in one of Mrs. Goodell's houses close to the one 
 she had occupied and one of which she had run a hotel in some 
 time. . Men of means like Stevens, J. K. Rankin, and others, 
 crowded in and for trifling sums got all the land with buildings 
 around the Agency, except the Mill tract, Mrs. Julia Goodell's 
 8 acres and the 20 acres that the Mission School was on. 
 
 FROM COUNTY RECORDS 
 
 A deed placed on record about Jan. 1869 conveys 5377 acres to Rankin 
 and Stevens for $17,338.70 an average price of $3.22% per acre. It Is 
 signed by Keokuk, Che kus kuk, Uc quaw ho ko. Pah teck quaw, Waw com 
 mo, Man ah to wah and Mut tut tah. These all have to sign by mark "X." 
 
 Albert Wiley, U. S. Agent Sac and Fox Indians of the Miss. Sac and 
 Fox Agency, Kansas. Jany. 11, 1869. 
 
 Lewis Gokey, U. S. Indian Interpreter swears that he has interpreted 
 all this instrument to the Indians carefully. LEWIS GOKEY. 
 
 Witnesses 
 
 Geo. Powers, Ira B. Munger 
 
 Warner Craig, William Whistler 
 
 William F. Goodhue, Alec Rankin 
 
 By an act of Congress embodied in the amended Treaty of 1868 these 
 Indians were allowed to sell these lands to whites direct. The reader will 
 
47 
 
 observe, however, that Keokuk was paid $2,000 lox the 320 acres he lived 
 on by Robert S .Stevens three days before a deed only being signed by 
 Pash e.ca cah or Amelia Mitchell, Keokuk's wife, for the North half of 
 Sec. 10-17-17, witnesses Geo. Powers and Alec Rankin, and executed by 
 before Warner Craig, N. P.. This was $6.25 per acre, but there was a good 
 house on it, I think. I have been told that Keokuk received other considera- 
 tion beside that in the deed for his improvements. 
 
 In the first deed of Rankin and Stevens there had to be placed on the 
 instrument a revenue stamp of $17.50. 
 
 $1800.. Sac and Fox Agency, Kansas, Sept. 10, 1869. 
 
 Received of Albert Wiley, late U. S. Indian, Eighteen hund- 
 dred dollars, it being the balance due me from Robert S. Stevens 
 on a deed executed Jany. 11, 1869, for the north half of Sec. 10, 
 Town 17, Range 17 east. It being the half section of land given 
 me under Article XI of the Treaty between the United States and 
 the Sac and Fox Indians of the Missippi Proclaimed Oct. 14, 1868. 
 
 Signed 
 Pash e ca cah or Amelia Mitchell her X mark 
 Keokuk his X mark 
 
 Interpreted by 
 Lewis Gokey U. S. Interpreter 
 
 Witness Thomas Miller 
 
 U. S. Indian Agent 
 
 This is a copy of a bill allowed Jany. 22, 1866, by Agent H. 
 W. Martin for work done by Martin Robinson mostly on Keokuk's 
 farm. 
 For breaking 6 acres of prairie for Keokuk in the 
 
 Spring of 1862, @ $3.50 per acre $21.00 
 
 Making, hauling and laying up 1000 rails @ $3 per 100.... 30.00 
 
 Hauling and laying up 1900 rails @ $2 per 100 38.00 
 
 Furnishing Frank Gokey, the Physicians interpreter in 
 
 the winter of 1862, 37 cords of wood @$1.50 per cord 55.00 
 Plowing and fencing 2 acres for Ke shush 25.00 
 
 $169.50 
 
48 
 
 G. W. LARGENT, HISTORY 
 
 G. W. Largent, one of the older of the men who came on to the Reser- 
 vation for a farm when it was known in 1868 that it was to be opened, took 
 a claim on these rich bottoms, which a year later was known as the "4 mile 
 strip steal." He and many other settlers on the same lands were willing 
 to pay $10 per acre to the Indians for their claims instead of the usual 
 price of $1.25 per acre for that on the upland. The land ring beat them 
 cut and got the whole "4 mile strip" tract which, being 2% miles wide, 
 made 6400 acres less certain half blood tracts and Gov't reservations (1223 
 acres) at an average of $3.22% an acre, as shown above. 
 
 Mr .Largent and others had to vacate the lands. He then went out 
 i or 5 miles S. W. of Quenemo and laid a claim. He had quite large child- 
 ren then. One, Geo. Largent, who is there yet, has filled the office of trustee 
 and other positions of trust to the township and is now a leading stock 
 buyer. The author of this series will never forget the days of the June 8, 
 1881, cyclone, when he vsdth other Osage county citizens gathered on the 
 line of that terrible finger of destruction a day or two later and helped to 
 rebuild their homes. I was helping Mr. Largent to get his log house laid 
 up again. He had been there 13 years and was a great lover of trees, both 
 fruit and forest. His grove of 2 or 3 acres resisted the twister enough 
 to cause it to leave the logs around convenient. The roof rose up and sailed 
 in two pieces 150 feet away and dropped down in a grove of maple trees 
 4 to 6 inches through 30 feet tall that we had to cut a road through. He had 
 a fine apple orchard of 50 to 100 trees, also 4 to 6 inches through, which 
 was largely uprooted on one side. This we tried to fix up that day. The old 
 man felt worse over the orchard than the house. 
 
 Damage done by the June 8, 1881, Osage County, Kan. Cyclone. 
 
 Number of persons killed 3 
 
 Number of persons wounded __ 40 
 
 Number of residences totally destroyed 50 
 
 Number of residences partially destroyed 13 
 
 Number of other buildings destroyed 75 
 
 Length of track of destruction 25 miles 
 
 Estimated loss made by Jake Admire in Osage City Free Press who 
 drove over the ground and published full accounts of it, $100,000. It tore 
 tires off new wagons and picked up heavy stone steps. Pianos went sailing 
 in the air. 
 
WA CA MO or as given by some, WAW COM MO. A CHIEF. 
 Some time after their removal from Kansas, became the leading 
 ORATOE, of the Tribe. In early life the 1st picture was taken in 
 Washington. He always retained, and wore his Indian garb 
 
49 
 
 Mrs. Fenn did not handle John K. Rankin's name with any gloves on 
 35 years after. She said the Dr. would not sign any of their petitions nor 
 have anything to do with the business one side or the other. They were 
 laboring in the church and Sunday School and Keokuk favored those things 
 and let his boy Charlie associate with the whites. We have seen in Mrs. 
 Duvall's term how he let her carry Charlie off back to Ohio with her for a 
 3 months' visit, and Che kus kuk was a good sober civilized sort of an In- 
 dian. In the Territory after Keokuk's conversion he became a Baptist 
 preacher and abstained from drink. 
 
 The Mission School was never able to get the fourth part of 
 the Indian youth into its two large commodious buildings; 39 
 was the most that I ever heard of being enrolled out of 233 child- 
 ren on the nation's pay roll. $14000 was expended from the first to 
 last to make the Mission School a success, yet it was never ap- 
 preciated by the Indians. 
 
 The buildings and 20 acres of land reserved by the Gov't at 
 the time of the Treaty were valued at ten thousand, but no settler 
 wanted them at the price. M. K. Myers, about 1882, bought the 
 other 620 acres of that Sec. 16, an Act passed there in Washing- 
 ton ordering a new appraisement of the Mission buildings, which 
 was done, and they were ordered sold June 25, 1883, for $795.50. 
 
 In another talk Mrs. Fenn spoke of their Quenemo church which was 
 organized by Father John Rankin, out from Ripley, Ohio, doing missionary 
 work at the age of 77. He organized several Presbyterian churches at 
 Quenemo, Lyndon and other places on the Reserve about 1870. He had 
 a son, Alec Rankin, who lived on a farm half way to Lyndon where he 
 made his home. The first meeting for organization was held 1^ miles 
 west of Quenemo at Warner Craig's log house. It had one big room and no 
 loft. There were only a few there; Grandmother Craig was president, Mrs. 
 Fenn secretary, and the others she couldn't recollect. The ladies went right 
 to work with such good results that they got means in various ways to build 
 the church at once; the one that the cyclone of 1882 blew down over in the 
 N. E. Part of town. I asked for names of some of her S. S. pupils, but she 
 could only mention one, Leida Merryweather, now Mrs. Stoolfire. 
 
 Not feeling satisfied with Mrs. Dr. Fenn's report of the Quenemo 
 church organization, I wrote to W. T. Merryweather for more information 
 with result of a speedy answer March 1912. Mrs. Fenn may have had in 
 mind some preliminary meetings or meetings for organization of a church 
 committee to solicit aid to build the church. 
 
50 
 
 Quenemo, Kansas, March 14, 1912. 
 
 Mr. C. R. Green, Olathe, Kan.— Sir: I have received your letter and 
 will try and ansv^er your questions as far as I am able. The Quenemo 
 church was organized February 5th, 1870, by the Presbyterial Home Mis- 
 sionary, Rev. Timothy Hill, assisted by Rev. Victor King, with thirteen 
 members as follows: Mr. and Mrs. T. L. Marshall, Dr. and Mrs. E. B. Fenn, 
 Mr. and Mrs. James Wiley, Miss Minnie Wiley, (I am not sure that Miss 
 Wiley is right) Grandmother Craig, Mrs. Warner Craig and the two Miss 
 Craigs, Mr. Smith, Mr. and Mrs. W. T. Merryweather. Myself and wife 
 are all that are left here of the charter members, all the others are dead 
 or moved away. 
 
 Our first minister was Rev. Mr. Sherrill. He was followed by Rev. 
 John Rankin and then by Rev. McPheeters who had bought Tom Mean's 
 farm near Bell's Hill and was vrith us 9 years. I should have stated that the 
 church was organized in the Indian Mission School building. 
 
 Your truly 
 
 W. T. Merryweather. 
 
 I have known Mr. Merryweather since 1880, who has lived there about 
 2 miles west of Quenemo. How many children he has I do not know, but 
 2 or 3 anyhow — a son that run the farm, his daughter, Leida, who married 
 a Mr. Stoolfire of Melvern. Mr. Merryweather must now be between 75 
 and 80 years old. In the cyclone he not only got all the timber and lighter 
 portions of his house and stable blown away but a big stone door step 
 moved some 20 feet. 
 
 In Dr. E. B. Fenn's story we learn of his two children, George Preston 
 Fenn born April 5, 1858, and Estelle V. Fenn April 25, 1863, both at Guthrie 
 Center, Iowa. 
 
 GEORGE P. FENN'S NARRATIVE 
 
 George P. Fenn was married June 11, 1886, to Ida R. Cowan 
 of Williamsburg, and four children were born to that union. Two 
 died young. Miss Pearl Fenn was 16 when she died at Lyndon 
 after the mother had died and the home broken up. Florence 
 was born in 1894 and so far as I know is the only child George 
 has. He was married again Nov. 29, 1905, to Miss Augusta A. 
 Brewer of Waverly. His home since that has been No. 724 North 
 Cedar St., Ottawa, near the Santa Fe hospital. He is foreman 
 of the Star Nursery packing plant in North Ottawa. 
 
 Estella Fenn married Jefferson Waddle, the marble man, of 
 Lyndon in 1885 and has always lived there. They have had four 
 
51 
 children. Their little boy baby died young; Pauline married 
 Clyde Schriver, has two children and lives in Topeka ; Ethel mar- 
 ried Francis Schriver, has one child and lives in Lyndon; Fay 
 Waddle is a young lady at. home. So it comes about that there 
 is no grandson to bear Dr. Fenn's name. 
 
 George says that he was 8 years old when their company moved down 
 from Iowa. They had heard in 1865-66 there in Iowa of the opening of the 
 G mile strip off the east end of the Sac and Fox Reservation in Franklin 
 County. Some of their party had acquaintance with the chiefs and half 
 bloods. They thought that now at the close of the war they could get 
 a good farm in that fertile well watered and well timbered locality with 
 good old settlements all around it at government prices, but when they 
 got to Ottawa, which was then but 2 years old, they found the lands all in 
 the hands of land speculators, W. P. Dole, McManns & Co., John P. Usher 
 and J. H. Whetstone being the principal ones in Franklin County. 
 
 The party camped not far froin the old Ft Scott crossing of the Marais 
 des Cygnes at Ottawa June 11, 1866. The men busied themselves in making 
 oak shkes to sell to the new settlers for shingles, in the meanwhile alert 
 for some opening. This came by the last of June when George Logan and 
 William Fleak induced them all to move up the river to their home 2 miles 
 east of the Sac and Fox Agncy. Mr. Logan lived there and managed the 
 Fuller and Usher farm of several hundred acres. 
 
 The party made themselves as comfortable as they could in temporary 
 structures, but the rains and summer heat soon produced malaria there in 
 these Marais des Cygnes bottoms, causing Uncle Milt Cochran's death and 
 also that of Dr. Floyd's child. So father, through the assistance of Rev. 
 Rogers, got the appointment from Agent Martin of Gov't Tribal Physician 
 in the place of Dr. Wiley who had resigned, and in another year was ap- 
 pointed Agent in Martin's place. Father moved over to an empty house 
 west of where Marshall's store now stands, perhaps a quarter of a mile out 
 from the Agency. I went to school in the old council house to Mrs. Craig, 
 who .taught there before Leida Saylor. Father was there in Quenemo until 
 about 1872 when he moved up to Lyndon. He was a country doctor. While 
 there were not so many women and children there then as a few years later 
 there was employment for all the doctors, for every claim had a settler on. 
 In October 1879, having been appointed again as Gov't Tribal Physician to 
 the Sac and Fox nation he went down. I took the Jack Rabbit School to 
 teach the winter of 1879-80 and in January 1880 gave it up to join father 
 as he had got a steady job for me as clerk in the Sac and Fox Tradina- 
 store. While a railroad was now running through the Indian Ty. yet when 
 
52 
 
 we got off' at Claremore it was 75 miles across the country over bridgeless 
 streams to the Sac and Fox Agency and five years later, when we moved 
 up, conditions were no better, especially on our goods which got wet ford- 
 ing streams. I was also bookkeeper 2 or 3 years at the Whistler, Pickett 
 and Gibbs Trading store and did not get back to Kansas as early as the 
 rest. Estella came up and was married to Jeff Waddle. 
 
 This concludes the Fenn narratives. Between the three living as they 
 did in Lyndon and having many pictures of the Indians I managed to get 
 through the intermediate course of Indian history and when I went down to 
 visit the Indians at the Sac and Fox Agency Nov. 1903, wherever I men- 
 tioned the names of Dr. Fenn and wife I found tokens of respect for them. 
 
 The incidents about Jane Shaw paw kaw kof given below were mostly 
 given me by the Fenns. And in placing their portraits here with their part 
 of the article I can feel from acquaintance with them myself \;hat tney 
 would not have anything said here to make enemies hereafter. 
 
 JANE SHAW PAW KAW KOF 
 
 Jane, on account of her father's prominence as an orator, was one 
 felected to go along with Fanny Goodell up to the Baldwin school. There 
 may have been others, I have no definite information. Their expenses of 
 schooling were all paid out of the Nation's funds. Jane got a fairly good 
 education and was a good piano player. But something happened, she 
 never told so that I could get hold of it, but some young white fellow 
 whose name I dare not write here was supposed to have trifled wfith her 
 affections. The girls received letters there from young fellows back at the 
 Agency and this fellow wrote to Fanny Goodell and Jane perhaps saw it 
 and took a fit of jealousy. She immediately quit the school, quit all ways 
 of civilization and intercourse with the whites as long as she was in Kansas, 
 married a blanket Indian and became no better herself. When the Fenns 
 were carrying their second term 80 to 85 Jane would then, after an interval of 
 ten years, come to see Mrs. Fenn, Fanny Whistler and even borrowed mag- 
 azines and books to take to their Indian camp which was many miles from 
 the Agency. They were returned in good condition. It came about that 
 she visited somewhere where she was known and where they had a piano. 
 The lady had company but they didn't know Jane only that she was some 
 Indian squaw with a family. The lady played by .request some music and 
 in return asked Jane to favor them. To the surprise of everyone she seated 
 herself at the instrument and played from memory several pieces as good as 
 anyone. She seemed to forget from that time on the vow to lead an Indian 
 life. Her blanket Indian husband died. She married again Wm. Shaw, one 
 of the council men, and I think resided at the Agency. When I was there 
 Mrs. Fanny Whistler Nedeau showed me her picture with children and one 
 grandchild in it, altogether a group of 5. She must have been 53 and Mr. 
 Shaw 62 then. Since that I have heard that he was dead. I talked with 
 him through Interpreter Hurr. Jane thus in later life had the Shaw part 
 still to her name, if she did lose the "paw kaw kof" part. 
 
MOSES KEOKUK AND SON CHARLES--I860 
 
 OR ABOUT THE TIME OF THE REMOVAL 
 
 TO QUENEMO 
 
53 
 
 MRS. GEORGE LOGAN'S STORY. 
 
 Mrs. George Logan in 1896 told me that they moved there 
 on to the Fuller-Usher farm in 1862, where after 2y2 years they 
 only moved a little ways to the half breed Indian woman Davis' 
 claim that Mr. Logan bought and occupied until they moved into 
 Quenemo after the Indians left. George Logan had been on the 
 Reservation since 1856 or 58. Perry Fuller, the Agent, was his 
 brother-in-law. Mrs. Logan, in a talk with me, Feby. 1896, said 
 that there were five of her folks there in the early day from 111. 
 and elsewhere, besides herself; the old mother Keethley at Cen- 
 tropolis and Mrs. Perry Fuller, (these two must have died by 
 1864) William Keethley of Pomona, Mrs. J. Marsden Luce, whose 
 husband was clerk at the Greenwood Agency for many years, 
 Mrs. B. M. Holmes, who run the saw mill that sawed out the 
 material to build the Sac and Fox houses, and herself. George 
 W. Logan was born May 1, 1831, near Belmont, Ohio. His par- 
 ents removed to Bureau Co., the vicinity of the old Sac and Fox 
 homes on Rock River, 111., when George was 5 years old. When 
 he was 20 years old in 1851 he crossed the Missippi river to see 
 the world. Before returning to 111. He pre-empted a claim in 
 the Platte purchase above St. Joe, Mo. Ann Eliza Keethley was 
 born Feby. 16, 1834. She was living at Beardstown, 111., when 
 she and Geo. W. Logan were married Dec. 29, 1852. She had been 
 working more or less in Elisha Olcott's family there where the 
 young Elisha Olcott, now a merchant in Lyndon these 42 years, 
 was growing up. The young couple went to their claim in west- 
 ern Missouri. It finally came about that when the land was 
 surveyed off that George got surveyed out. I think that they 
 must have crossed the Missouri river into Nebraska Ty. in these 
 days, for one of their children was born there May 23, 1859. But, 
 Perry Fuller having become Indian Agent for several tribes I 
 think that George had come down once or twice before they 
 moved there for good. Mrs. Logan says that they moved there in 
 1856. They lived at the Greenwood Agency 1859-60. Spring 
 of 1860 they rented a farm near Centropolis and moved on to it, 
 the mother was there then. The drouth of 1860 obliged George to 
 take a contract from Perry Fuller to build a house over on the 
 
54 
 
 Chippeway Reserve (only 10 or 15 miles away) for an Indian. 
 In 1861 they moved back to the Agency because George followed 
 freighting. Spring of 1862 they went on the Fuller-Usher farm 
 at the west side of Franklin Co. (Mr. Logan, it seems, carried 
 this farm of 736 acres in his own name and says that he was the 
 only one for miles who had a deed and that the Ottawa school 
 district with school house in Ottawa 12 or 14 miles away em- 
 braced his farm and caused him to pay $42 tax the first thing. 
 At a convenient season the farm was deeded to John P. Usher, 
 one of Lincoln's cabinet officers, whose estate yet owns a large 
 farm there of one or two thousand acres.) In 1864 the Logans 
 bought out the half breed Indian woman Davis' claim and moved 
 on it, but still managed that part of the Usher farm. They bought 
 30 acres on one side of Quenemo and moved there in 1874, built 
 a good house in time and lived there until death. 10 children 
 were born to Mr. and Mrs. Geo. Logan: 
 
 1.— Henry L., January 19, 1854, died young. 
 
 2.— Emma L., March 10, 1855, now Mrs. Benj. F. Arnold of 
 Quenemo. 
 
 3. — Edward L., b. 1856, when grown went to the State of 
 Washington, married and worked at lumbering and was accident- 
 ally killed three or four years after the mother gave me this 
 record in 1896. 
 
 4. — Alice L., b. 1857, died when about five years old. 
 
 5. — Sarah L., b. May 28, 1859, when they were up in Nebras- 
 ka. She was married to George Jones and living at Springdale. 
 Ark. In 1900 there were two girls and one boy, children. 
 
 6.— Kate Carney L., b. Apr. 29, 1863. Md. Hershell Rogers 
 of 420 Chandler St., Topeka, Kan. She died March 1, 1898 and 
 left three boys: Fred M. Rogers, Bruce Rogers and John Rogers. 
 One of these boys, I think Fred, lived with his grandfather 
 Logan many years after his wife died. 
 
 7.— Albert Wiley Logan, b. July 7, 1867. Md. Maude Wil- 
 liams, lives in Quenemo and is a painter by trade, but of late 
 years has operated the Quenemo Flouring Mill and been active in 
 politics. 
 
 8 and 9. — A pair of twins which died. 
 
55 
 
 10.— Carlton Errick Logan, b. Nov 14, 1873, was at hor-oc 
 with the folks in 1896, a painter by trade. There were 6 children 
 then alive. 
 
 George W. Logans held their golden wedding Dec. 29, 1902. 
 A day or so later he gave me in a talk lots of history. March lA, 
 1905 I had him at my house. He was feeling sad. 11 of his: 
 jamily had died in ten months before his wife had. A daughter 
 and son, the latter in Calif., among them who had left familie.<. 
 He thought all this affliction had affected his wife so that it 
 made death easy to her. Although George Logan was 74 and 
 more than 8 miles from home, he walked there. 
 
 CHARLES KEOKUK AND HIS FAMILY 
 
 To write this cliapter of tlie descendants of Moses Keolcuk 1 have to follow 
 the Tribe to Oklahoma to the Sac and Fox Agency and date it some 35 years 
 later. C. R. GREEN. 
 
 In Moses Keokuk's family, though he had three wives only one bore 
 him a son that grew up. He had girls but they seemed to have died young, 
 as when I visited the tribe Nov. 1903 a month after his death, I heard noth- 
 ing of them, and I got very well acquainted with the whole Keokuk family 
 at that time. 
 
 It consisted then of Moses Keokuk's widow, Mrs. Mary Mitchell Keo- 
 kuk, living by herself at the Agency in the old Cheif Keokuk's residence. 
 She was then 75 years old and had been marled five times. She seemed 
 to be an educated, capable woman to look after the property that the old 
 Chief had left her. As I talked vifith her I could hardly realize that she 
 was the little four year old child in the wind-up of the Black Hawk war of 
 1832 when her mother, Julia Mitchell Goodell saved both their lives from 
 the fury of the 111. soldiery in pursuit by taking Mary on her back and 
 swimming the swollen Wisconsin river. Mrs. Keokuk called my attention to 
 many of her late husband's effects given him on his numerous trips to 
 Washington. 
 
 I had to go to a boarding house to meet Charles Keokuk, who was at 
 that time a widower and only two of his four children living with him. He 
 was then 52 years old. A councilor at law, yet of such unsteady habits that 
 one could only chance it to find him sober and in a talkative mood. He was 
 all right on this occasion and very sociable with me, giving me much in- 
 formation and answering any question I put in an intelligent manner as any 
 white man. I expect there were 8 of us men at the supper table where 
 Charles asked a blessing and presided, keeping in check the exuberant spirits 
 of several half blood Indians, two of whom were his own sons. And I was 
 quite interested to see how quick after the blessing four forks darted to 
 
56 
 
 the plate of beefsteak for a particularly tempting slice on top. Even in 
 times of peace the Indian hunting traits crop out. 
 
 Charles Keokuk said that at Quenemo when quite young he had mar- 
 ried Nellie, an adopted girl of Julia Goodell's. She is mentioned on page 
 36 in the list of Mrs. Duvall's pupils at the Mission School. Nellie bore 
 him his son, Frank Keokuk, whom I met. A nice looking man of 30 or 32, 
 unmarried. Nellie died there at Quenemo. I think Charles must have mar- 
 ried twice after that. I met John Keokuk, age 25 perhaps, who had been 
 cff to different schools and had a good education. A writer on Indian sub- 
 jects, who had learned the art of telegraphy. He was, when I was there, 
 filling the position of government blacksmith until some opening more prof- 
 itable presented itself. I was pleased to have the opportunity of talking 
 with him at the shop and thought to myself that there was one Keokuk who 
 would honor the name. Robert Keokuk, 18, was away at the Carlisle, Pa., 
 Indian School. Fanny Keokuk, age 13, was there at the Agency a pupil 
 in a white school and living with some relatives. 
 
 Charles Keokuk's home at this time was quite broken up by his unsteady 
 habits. His last wife "La Blanc," some French white woman, that was the 
 mother of one of his children anyhow, had left him some years back and 
 was living over at the railroad town of Stroud five miles distant, one of the 
 business towns of the Sac and Fox Reservation. Here the poor Indian 
 could get his fire water if he had the cash, and here I had experience with 
 Charles Keokuk a few days later when I was leaving Okla. He had been 
 in town before me long enough to be feeling pretty happy over his drinks 
 whe he caught sight of me and lost no time in asking the loan of money. 
 I tried to be cautious, yet he got 25c away from me under plea of a dinner. 
 This he immediately spent for drink and returned to the depot to keep me 
 company and beg for more money. When the cars came in he reeled about 
 so recklessly that I had to catch hold of him to keep him from falling under 
 the car wheels. I was glad to part from him. Several months later on one 
 of his prolonged sprees there he died in a cotton gin June 8, 1904. 
 
 A great many of the settlers of the Kans. Reservation remembered 
 Charlie Keokuk well. He was about 18 years old when Moses Keokuk and 
 the whole tribe were removed Nov. 26, 1869, to their new home in the 
 Indian Ty. The father, possessed of wealth, was able to buy teams and load 
 down with bacon, which was sold out later on to the Indians at great profits. 
 Jn these operations Charlie seemed to be a lad yet at home, fully acquainted 
 with all the business yet taking none of the responsibility on his own should- 
 ers. He was a handsome young man and well educated and Chief Keokuk 
 at this time had pretty much quit drinking. The Keokuks never came back 
 to squat on their old Kans. Reservation as did the band under Mo ko ho ko, 
 so that untold wealth was within reach of the family. John Whistler, a 
 brother of Wm. Whistler who was a white man along with the tribe, saw 
 the opportunity for stock raising, went into it and in a very few years was 
 
Rev. ISAAC McCOY And WIFE. SAC & POX AGENCY OKLA. 
 Mr McCoy is an educated Ottawa Indian. Born 1844. The white 
 Missionaries Isaac McCoy and Jotham Meeker baptized and nam 
 ed him in Franklin Co Kan. He has been a Missionary among the 
 Sac & Fox Ind since about 1872. The Baptist Church there had 28 
 members in 1903. The Sac & Fox generally reject Christianity. 
 Mary Thorp was born at tlie Greenwood Agency about 1847. Sh e 
 is a half blood Sauk, very well known to our early settlers. She 
 md' Munroe an Ottawa. At his death Mr. McCoy md, her Nov "73 
 She lias raised children by both husbands. I was much pleased to 
 call and converse with these fine christian people in 1903. 
 
57 
 
 worth a hundred thousand dollars. This is the man whom Fanny Goodell 
 Capper married some 12 or 15 years later. The Sac and Fox tribe received 
 liberal annuities. The sale of their Iowa Reservation in 1842-45 had been 
 a good one, yet if apportioned at that time among the 2500 Sac and Foxes 
 would have given them a total sum to each of only $480. But by reason 
 of the unparalled shrinkage of the tribe in the 27 years to 700, they received 
 100 dollars a year apiece yet. When I was there the tribe numbered 492, 
 which included the Kansas Band (Mo ko ho ko's old band) camped by 
 themselves over on Euchee Creek 20 or 30 miles away to the north from the 
 Agency. This band had persistently resisted educational influences and 
 Charles Keokuk said had lost 43 by small-pox only two or three years be- 
 fore. He further said that there was a good school of 80 or more pupils 
 8 months in the year, with two teachers. The Indian children were taken 
 from the homes, clothed and boarded right at the school, all under the 
 authority of the Government, but the expense deducted from the Indians' 
 annuities. The average male Indian then (1903) had little use for hard 
 work. Although given their farms in severalty yet letting them to the 
 whites at from 40 to 80 dollars each per year and living on their annuities 
 which were to run out a few years ahead. The Indians still continued to 
 herd together in camps, largely away from the Agency, so that I did not 
 see the majority. Those I did see being the more intelligent ones, half 
 hloods and others living in their own homes. 
 
 Mrs. Fanny Whistler Nedeau owned and controlled more than 2000 
 acres, from which she drew a $2500 income yearly, with a nice $10,000 home 
 at the Agency filled with objects of art and home keeping. Here I made my 
 home while there. Thanks to her generosity and efforts to help me in my 
 history gathering. Alfred Capper, Fanny and the children did not move 
 from the Kansas Reservation when the tribe went. They, in common with 
 many other half bloods, settled on farms, the choicest on the Reserve, sold 
 them by the tribe in the days of the treaty of 1868 for $1.50 per acre. 
 Capper's was a choice 160 acre Salt Creek bottom tract one mile east of 
 Lyndon that they built a good house upon and lived there, and that remained 
 in the hands of the family for years. But in 1873 a general exodus of half 
 bloods took place and the Cappers went down to the Nation. Mrs. Capper 
 and some of the children never returned. Mr. Capper did with two boys 
 and directly went into store keeping there in Lyndon and has been at it 
 ever since. A son, Charles, died when half grown. John Capper, the re- 
 maining son, grew up and is one of the leading business men of Lyndon. 
 
 In the distribution of farms to the half bloods Charles Keokuk was 
 to have a claim. Mrs. Harold Richardson, of the Lyndon Hotel, was Fanny 
 Becker. She said her father came to Topeka, Kans., 1866, and down to 
 Quenemo to keep hotel there in the spring of 1869. They filed on the Bob 
 Neal quarter a couple of miles west of Quenemo in the Salt Creek bottoms. 
 Charles Keokuk was put forward against Mr. Becker and, of course, the 
 
58 
 
 latter lost out. Then Bob Neal moved on to it and held it. Mrs. Richard- 
 son knew the Keokuks well and some of the above information came through 
 her. 
 
 It has been the custom, and is yet, for the town of Quenemo to en- 
 totlr'age visits every year of the Sac and Fox Indians back to their old 
 Kansas Reservation. Frequently they help to pay their way up and have 
 a big celebration over the visiting Indian delegation. 
 
 INHABITANTS OF AGENCY TWP. 1871. 
 
 Before the Sac and Fox Indians left new settlers began to come in and 
 squat on the Reserve. According to the Treaty they had no right there 
 until the Indians left, which was not until Nov. 26, 1869. The Sac and Fox 
 Reserve then extended % of a mile into Franklin county. 
 
 The Osage County Commissioners organized Agency Township in 1870. 
 It extended westward from the Franklin Co. line 10 miles to David Stone- 
 braker's on the east edge of the Trust or Speculators' Lands. Its extent 
 north and south was 11 miles, or from the Coffey Co. line to one upon which 
 Henry Lamond and Gibson lived, less than a mile north of Quenemo. This 
 arrangement only lasted a year or so, v/hen other townships v/ere cut out of 
 Agency territory. But this area of county included most of that occupied 
 by the Indians — an area of 110 square miles, or 440 one hundred and sixty 
 acre farms. Allowing some to have eighty acres would be at least 600 farms 
 there. John W. Tracy was the assessor in 1871 — I think he was also in 
 1870 — I had to use both years' rolls in making out this list of inhabitants of 
 Agency Township, which numbers about 867. There were at this time two 
 laid out towns, Quenemo and Melvem, in this district. 
 
 There were many like George Logan who lived over in Franklin County, 
 who assembled at Ouenemo and whose names are not mentioned in this 
 roll. 
 
 Mr. Tracy returned his assessor's roll to W. Y. Drew, County Clerk at 
 Burlingame, June 20, 1871, and swears that it is a correct list of all adults 
 in Agency Township, Osage County, Kansas. Changes were going on all 
 the time by some selling out their claims and leaving, and others coming in. 
 The Government gave the pre-emptor 33 months to pay the $1.50 per acre 
 when he got his land warrant. Mo ko ho ko's Indian Band still lived along the 
 Marais des Cygnes river. 
 
 C. R. Green 
 
 Wm. Adams 
 Jabez Adams, Jr. 
 Robert Anderson 
 Isaac Adams 
 Nancy Adams 
 John C. Adams 
 Thomas P. Alley 
 James P. Alley 
 Raiah H. Alley 
 Maria M Alley 
 Jclm Arnold 
 
 Jostph H. Alley 
 Jane Y. Alley 
 Wm. Ashby 
 H. M. Austin 
 Minerva Austin 
 Elisha Allen 
 Wm. Allen 
 Nancy Allen 
 Geo Anderson 
 M. W. Arnold 
 Harriet Arnold 
 
 Sarah E. Allen 
 G. W. Andrews 
 Hannah Andrews 
 John Anderson 
 Cemita Anderson 
 Jacob Arb 
 Mary Arb 
 Wm. Allison 
 Eliza Allison 
 S. R. Allen 
 Mary Allen 
 
59 
 
 B 
 
 A. K. Burditt 
 Martha Burditt 
 H. E. Bussett 
 Mary Bussett 
 E. G. Bates 
 Emma Bates 
 Abram Bird 
 Permelia Bird 
 Thomas Boardman 
 Adelia Boardman 
 Oscar Beck 
 Mary Beck 
 Richard Buckminister 
 Abbie Buckminister 
 John W. Berry 
 Margaret Berry 
 Charles Bixby 
 Betsy Bixby 
 Wm. Barker 
 Alfred Billings 
 Nellie Billings 
 Jas. Brown 
 Abigal Brown 
 Marcus Bridge 
 
 W. A. Christian 
 Wm. H. Connely 
 Jno. M. Connely 
 Emiline Cookes 
 Cyrus Case 
 Faustina Case 
 John Chenoweth 
 Mary Chenoweth 
 Buell Cronklute 
 W. H. Converse 
 Catherine Converse 
 Abram Curcheom 
 Mary Curcheom 
 J. C. Crasher 
 
 Cyrus Colter 
 
 Sarah Colter 
 
 Fielding Buckner 
 Susanah Buckner 
 J. H. Beauchamp 
 Rosana Beauchamp 
 James Beck 
 Thos. Boggs 
 F. F. Beauchamp 
 \¥m. Bitts 
 Emma A. Bitts 
 F. M. Bell 
 John Bracelain 
 Mary Bracelain 
 John A Brady 
 Enetta Brady 
 P. Barrett 
 liucretia Barrett 
 Wm. J. Brooten 
 Mary Brooten 
 Jessie Booth 
 Mary C. Booth 
 H .G. Burnham 
 Nancy Burnham 
 John Barrett 
 C. F. Burney 
 
 C 
 
 S. Calkins 
 Emma Calkins 
 Peter Chevalier 
 Mary Chevalier 
 Samuel Clark 
 Jane Clark 
 A. Collins 
 Martha Collins 
 C. Clafflin 
 Ellen Clafflin 
 Wm. W. Cook 
 Wm. Chapman 
 Charles Chapman 
 Jackson Corbon 
 Theressa Corbon 
 B. F. Clayton 
 
 George Briner 
 Joseph Barrett 
 Wm. Beal 
 Mary Beal 
 N. S. Briant 
 Amanda Briant 
 Wm. Bolan 
 Sarah Bolan 
 J. P. Ball 
 Mary Ball 
 J. W. Bales 
 Solomon Bales 
 Sarah Bales 
 Alec Blake 
 Mary Blake 
 Ephraim Bosler 
 Mary Bosler 
 John D. Barrett 
 Polly A. Barrett 
 
 A. Becker 
 Phebe Becker 
 
 B. Broderson 
 Peter Broderson 
 Ellen Broderson 
 
 Lewis Casten 
 Ready Casten 
 Daniel Cable 
 Wm. Cable 
 Mary G. Cable 
 John Calhoun 
 Wm. Calhoun 
 Warner Craig 
 Charlotte Craig 
 Mary Craig 
 John Craig 
 B. T. Calkins 
 L. T. Calkins 
 Charles Cromie 
 W. H. Clark 
 Janet Clark 
 
60 
 
 Alex Crawford 
 Geo. J. Cooper 
 Joanna Cooper 
 James N. Campbell 
 J. C. Crasher 
 
 George Darby 
 Mary Darby 
 L. L. Donnell 
 Catharine Donnell 
 H. P. Donnell 
 Clementine Donnell 
 Thomas Donnell 
 Charles H. Dickson 
 Julia A. Dickson 
 J. H. Dawson 
 Mary Dawson 
 Daniel Duff 
 
 S. C. Evans 
 Wesley J. Evans 
 Dotia G. Evans 
 
 Lyman Freaks 
 Samuel Floyd 
 Hester Floyd 
 H. H. Ford 
 E. C. Ford 
 Wm. B. Fleak 
 A. Farrand 
 James Foster 
 
 George Giesy 
 Edna Giesy 
 John Gibbs 
 Elsa A. Gibbs 
 R. L. Graham 
 Lopsol Gleau 
 Elvina Gleau 
 Bryant C. Gibbs 
 W. F. Gosnold 
 
 Mary Clayton 
 John J. Cole 
 Mary Cole 
 Wm. Correl 
 Margaret Correl 
 
 D 
 
 J. M. Dean 
 Jane Dean 
 G. S. Douglas 
 Mary Douglas 
 Johnson DufBeld 
 Jane Duffield 
 
 D. Duffield 
 P. Duffield 
 J. B. Dooty 
 Lorena Dooty 
 
 E. Duffield 
 
 E 
 
 John T. Evans 
 Christine Evans 
 S. B. Enderton 
 
 F 
 
 Martha Fleak 
 Oran Francis 
 Wm. Francis 
 Clara Francis 
 Geo. H. Friend 
 Mary Friend 
 0. J. Ford 
 E. M. Ford 
 
 G 
 
 J. G. Grier or Greer 
 Samuel Gilbert 
 Matilda Gilbert 
 James Glass 
 Lucinda Glass 
 F. Greave 
 S. B. Gordon 
 A. S. Gordon 
 
 Timothy Cheaney 
 E. A. Cheaney 
 Sylvester Courtwright 
 Hulda Courtwright 
 
 Margaret A. Donnell 
 Pat Daugherty 
 A. M. Daugherty 
 Margaret Daugherty 
 Joseph Douglas 
 Rebecca Douglas 
 Charles Diew 
 John A. Douglas 
 Amelia Douglas 
 John D. Dyal 
 Ellen Dyal 
 
 Emaline Enderton 
 S. B. Elliott 
 Mary Elliott 
 
 Godfrey Fine 
 
 Martha Fine 
 
 Daniel M. Fine 
 
 Dr. E. B. Fenn 
 
 Eliza W. Fenn 
 
 Wm. S. Fell 11 
 
 Jerry France or Jenny 
 
 C. B. Forsythe 
 
 Gilbert Glass 
 John Glass 
 H. W. Glass 
 H. Guy 
 Emily Guy 
 J. G. Gordon 
 Mary A. Gordon 
 Julius Gandion 
 
p 
 
 1 
 
 il 
 
 
 '■^■<^"^.aweMAi 
 
 '"■.?«%; ';;"^ ' 
 
 Mrs. SARAH WHISTLER, in two costumes. 
 The daughter of John and Julia Goodell, a half blood, marrit^d 
 to William Whistler at age of 15, at the Greenwood Agency, she 
 has a good recollection of events since the death of OLD CHIEF 
 KEOKUK in 1848. I am indebted to her very much for lier talks. 
 
 Mr Whistler was in some cupacit3' connected i.t the Agoiuy's 
 of the Sac & Fox in Kan. When the Indians left he niauagert thi;> 
 his wife to get a fine .')()() acre bottom farm, now owned by John 
 C. Rankii) of Quenemo. Mr Whistler was the 1st Rep've fj'oiii tlie 
 !:riac & Fox Reserve in the Legislature He died in those early days. 
 Mrs. W. lives now with her daii GirtyKirtJey and family, Stroud 
 Okla. And draws support or lands from the Tribe. Slie is (iH 
 
61 
 
 H 
 
 H. L. Hunt 
 Ellen Hunt 
 E. D. Hazeltine 
 Ellen Hazeltine 
 Price Howell 
 Mary A. Hoffman 
 Peter Hllman 
 Wm. R. Humphrey 
 Mary A. Humphrey 
 J. I. Handly 
 Christopher Hilman 
 Margaret Hilman 
 E. Hull 
 Lydia Hull 
 T. C. Hanshaw 
 John Halahan 
 Mary Halahan 
 Byron Hamilton 
 Laura Hamilton 
 Daniel Hare 
 Catharine Hare 
 L. B. Higgins 
 Ames Hemdry 
 Ann Hemdry 
 Archibald Hart 
 Caroline Hart 
 Eviline Hilton 
 J. H. Hand 
 Hannah Hand 
 
 Benj. Ide 
 
 Eliza Ide 
 
 J. H. Johnson 
 
 Eliza Johnson 
 
 Christopher H. Johnson 
 
 Lydia E. Johnson 
 
 James H. Kelley 
 James G. Kelley 
 S. P. Kelley 
 
 Sallathel Hewitt 
 S. H. Hicks 
 Marion Hicks 
 E. Hughes 
 Catharine Hughes 
 Jerry Hussey 
 Belinda Hussey 
 Sargeant Hanson 
 Esther Hanson 
 R. S. Hopper 
 B. B. Hill 
 Mary H. Hill 
 John Hoffman 
 L. W. Hindman 
 Joseph B. Hinsman 
 Mary Hinsman 
 John M. Harper 
 Eliza E. Harper 
 E. W. Hungerford 
 Francis Hungerford 
 Charles Haslma 
 Catharine Hale 
 Irvin Hatfield 
 Melissa Hatfield 
 Joshua Harper 
 A. Hutchinson 
 R. H. Hutchinson 
 David Hutchinson 
 R. P. Hill 
 
 I&J 
 
 Jennie Johnson 
 Jacob A. Johnson 
 S. S. Johnson 
 E. D. Jones 
 Samuel Jones 
 Sarah Jones 
 
 K 
 
 John Kenny 
 Julia Kenny 
 James B. Kennedy 
 
 M. A. Holenbeck 
 G. Holenbeck 
 
 D. G. Hinman 
 Mary Hinman 
 R. G. Harper 
 M. E. Harper 
 Elijah Hedges: 
 Amanda Hedges 
 0. Hanson 
 Christina Hanson 
 Thos. Howell 
 Ellen Howell 
 
 N. C. Hamilton 
 Lovina Hamilton 
 Edgar Hunt 
 
 E. Hunt 
 Martha Hunt 
 Eber Hunt 
 
 G. W. Harrison 
 E. Harrison 
 Verdonia Hon 
 Mary V. Hon 
 Hans Hanson 
 Phillip Huget 
 Thomas Harper 
 Daniel Hutchinson 
 O. P. Hastings 
 Joseph Hogget 
 Bevelley Hogget 
 
 Alden H. Jumper 
 Amanda T. Jumper 
 Peter Jochunson 
 Stenie Jochunson 
 Henry Judd 
 Hannah Judd 
 Charles Judd 
 
 Geo. W. Kinney 
 Jane Kinney 
 Jacob Kauffman 
 
62 
 
 E. M. Kalloch 
 Lucia Kalloch 
 Lewis F. Kaylor 
 Mary A. S. Kaylor 
 H. Kelsey 
 Jane Kelsey 
 John King 
 Wm. King 
 Samuel King 
 James King 
 
 Margery Kennedy 
 Samuel Kenny 
 Angelinie Kenny 
 Elvira King 
 Wm. Kerr 
 D. H. Kenan 
 Amanda Kenan 
 J. Kennedy 
 Martha Kennedy 
 Thomas Kilburn 
 
 Magdaline Kauffman 
 Wesley Kauffman 
 Mary Kauffman 
 Nicholas Kauffman 
 Barbara Kauffman 
 Jacob Kounkle 
 Martha A. Kounkle 
 James Kerr 
 Clarissa Kerr 
 
 James Liston 
 Samuel U. Lamar 
 Mary Lamar 
 T. J .Liston 
 Emma Liston 
 James B. Lackey 
 Sarah Lackey 
 J. P. Lyman 
 David Larsen 
 Mary Larsen 
 Phillip Latta 
 Hannah Latta 
 
 D. L. McGee 
 Amanda M. McGee 
 James L. McMillian 
 John E. Midlebusher 
 Peter Malley 
 Nancy Malley 
 
 E. M. McCarty 
 Julia McCarty 
 Edwin L. Moore 
 D. M. McParland 
 Rachel McFarland 
 Wm. McBride 
 Taylor McMillian 
 Alex Marcourt 
 Mary Marcourt 
 
 B. B. Marsh 
 Hugh Malley 
 John Malley 
 H. C. Mathias 
 
 E. Listom 
 Melvina Liston 
 Aaron Laning 
 Emma Laning 
 James Laughlen 
 Mary Laughlen 
 Patrick Laughlen 
 G. W. Largent 
 Mahala Largent 
 D. Lane 
 Rachel Lane 
 Henry Loveston 
 
 M 
 
 Mary H. Marsh 
 John T McLaughlin 
 S. S. Miller 
 Sarah Miller 
 Ellen Morrison 
 James Mittom 
 Wm. Morrison 
 Hester Morrison 
 John O. Morrison 
 John W. Mathers 
 Elinor Mathers 
 Joseph G. Marshall 
 Violet M. Marshall 
 Geo. W. McMullen 
 Abbie E. McMullen 
 C. C. Martin 
 Ella Martin 
 S. Mathis 
 Sarah Mathis 
 
 Laura Lovestone 
 Jonas Lawson 
 John C. Lawson 
 Willis Landon 
 Nancy Landon 
 E. T. Labarrier 
 J. M. Lock 
 Mary Lock 
 O. D. Lee 
 Harriet Lee 
 Wm. Lester or Lesler 
 Fred Latta 
 
 Jane Morris 
 J. Menely 
 Margaret Menely 
 E. Merritt 
 J. Y. Moore 
 Eliza Moore 
 W. G. Markley 
 Mary Markly 
 James Middleton 
 M. Merritt 
 J. Moore 
 G. C. Morrell 
 Anna Morrell 
 John W. McNulty 
 Louisea McNulty 
 M. J. Mathias 
 Wm. H. Mathias 
 Nancy A. Mitchell 
 George McMillen 
 
Chris McNulty 
 Thomas Means 
 Mary Means 
 T. L. Marshall 
 Margaret Marshall 
 
 Noah Nelson 
 Francis Nelson 
 Peter Nelson 
 Neils Nelson 
 E. Norris 
 Jane Norris 
 Mary Norris 
 John B. Norton 
 
 H. E. Oxley 
 Mary Oxley 
 J, W. Olson 
 L. B. Olson 
 
 Geo. W. Perkins 
 Frank Pickard 
 Naoma Pickard 
 Wm. Polmanteer 
 Carolina Polmanteer 
 B. S. Pate 
 Elizabeth Pate 
 Leroy Pate 
 Martha A. Pate 
 Hiram Penny 
 M. J. Parks 
 Sarah Parks 
 
 John Rhiner 
 Elizabeth Rhiner 
 Daniel Rhodes 
 Sarah Rhodes 
 Joseph Roth 
 John C. Rankin 
 Mary E. Rankin 
 Jacob Rock 
 Catherine Rock 
 John Rankin 
 Jane Rankin 
 B. Royer 
 
 63 
 
 Henry Mays 
 Julia Mays 
 John Marsden 
 Jane Marsden 
 
 N 
 
 T. M. Newton 
 Sophia Newton 
 John Naflfzigger 
 Mary Naflfzigger 
 Joseph Naflfyinger 
 Barbara Naflfyinger 
 Phillip Newcomer 
 
 
 
 O. L. Overman 
 Charity Overman 
 H. H. Opdycke 
 
 P 
 
 Joseph Pickett 
 Joseph Patterson 
 Hattie Patterson 
 Wm. Patterson 
 Maria Patterson 
 B. G. Prather 
 Mary Prather 
 John Potts 
 Josept Pickett 
 Thos. Parker 
 Caroline Parker 
 Robert Parks 
 
 R 
 
 James Rogers 
 Martha Rogers 
 G. S. Rice 
 Eliza Rice 
 W. B. Riddenen 
 Joseph R. Rouze 
 Eliza J. Rouze 
 Andrew Richards 
 Lucy Richards 
 Israel Ransom 
 Milton Redenbaugh 
 Thomas Rankin 
 
 Sarah McMillen 
 Lars Mickelson 
 Bodel Mickelson 
 Nathaniel Morris 
 
 W. L. Nealey 
 Ella A. Nealey 
 W. F. Nealey 
 Ellen A. Nealey 
 E. C. Newton 
 Hulda Newton 
 Josephine Newcomer 
 
 Eli Oldham 
 Pauline Oldham 
 Chas. L. H. Ogle 
 
 Margaret Parks 
 A. B. Parmquist 
 R. E. Porter 
 Sarah Porter 
 Rachel Porter 
 James G. Palmer 
 Sarah Palmer 
 Wm. H. Phillips 
 Sarah A. Phillips 
 Neils Peterson 
 Hans Peterson 
 Hiram Perry 
 
 Mary Royer 
 Enoch D. Roberts 
 George Ragin 
 Martha Ragin 
 James W. Ragan 
 Mary M. Ragan 
 James Roberts 
 James Rogers 
 Mary Rogers 
 John Rogers 
 Permelia Rogers 
 John M. Reynolds 
 
Joseph J. Riggin 
 Robert Ripen 
 Catharine Ripen 
 W. H. Randall 
 
 George W. Smith 
 A. J. Sutton 
 Lola A. Sutton 
 Joseph M. Smith 
 Catherine L. Smith 
 Joseph H. Storm 
 Hester A. Storm 
 Harvey Sutton 
 Jane Sutton 
 S. P. Smith 
 Robert Shreck 
 Susanah Shreck 
 G. W. Sumner 
 Martha Sumner 
 Asher Smith 
 Harriett Smith 
 Byron E. Smith 
 A. H. Sellers 
 Almira Signer 
 G. W. Stinebaugh 
 J. E. Stansill 
 Clarrissa Stansill 
 Jonithan Smith 
 W. Snedaker 
 Melissa Snedaker 
 James Stein 
 Mary E. Steen 
 W. W. Saulsbury 
 Lusinda Saulsbury 
 W. H. Sullivan 
 
 64 
 
 Charlotte E. Rankin 
 Stamp Royster 
 M. Royer 
 
 s 
 
 Abner Stevens 
 Rebecca Stevens 
 C. M. Sipple 
 Lizzie Sipple 
 Samuel Stump 
 Thomas J. Sumner 
 Wm. Smith 
 Wm. Suander 
 S. M. Smith 
 Mary J. Smith 
 C. C. Scott 
 Mary Scott 
 E. G. Sibert 
 T Shrader 
 Pauline Shrader 
 Charles Shea 
 Maria Shea 
 Margaret E. Shrieves 
 C. W. Shays 
 Sarah Skarset 
 W. H. Scott 
 Margaret Scott 
 H. C. Seagers 
 J. R. Sutton 
 Frances Sutton 
 Jesse Standback 
 Clarinda Standback 
 A. G. Seymour 
 Lettie Seymour 
 Sarah R. Stevens 
 
 Harriet Reynolds 
 Wm. Ransom 
 A. Ransom 
 
 Louisa Sibert 
 John Seeley 
 Hariett Seeley 
 Tjevi Shrader 
 Wm. L. Smith 
 Sarah Smith 
 
 C. S. Smith 
 Maggie Smith 
 Jacob Shreves 
 Mary Shreves 
 John D. Shaffer 
 Jessie P. Shriek 
 Elizabeth Shrieck 
 T. J. Smith 
 Mary C. Smith 
 W. L. Signer 
 
 H. L. Stevens 
 Emma Stevens 
 J. Servison 
 Samuel Snow 
 Jane Snow 
 Phillip Stoflful 
 J. Q. Sook 
 
 D. T. Stonebraker 
 J. A. Stonebraker 
 Wm. Smith 
 
 O. S. Starr 
 Mary Starr 
 L. or S. M. Stevens 
 
 John Tontzenhizer 
 Adaline Tontzenhizer 
 C Thompson 
 Rachel Thompson 
 John Tyree 
 Eliza A. Tyree 
 Geo. W. Towle 
 Betsy P. Towle 
 George Trance 
 
 S. M. Thompson 
 Nancy Thompson 
 Wm. Trakes 
 Sophia Trakes 
 R. O. Tompson 
 Susan Tompson 
 C. M. Thompkins 
 Sally A. Tompkins 
 Leander Thompson 
 
 John W. Tracy 
 Hannah Tracy 
 A. G. Tuller 
 Nellie Tuller 
 Andrew Tunnan 
 Henry Thomas 
 Eliza Thomas 
 James Tripp 
 David Tripp 
 
.'^'-»4 ;^ 
 
 
 rM- 
 
 
 
 I,,,;,. ■ ■ " 
 
 1 ' ■■'-./ 
 
 
 CON A PAC A. This old Indian, like Che kus kuk, was well 
 known to the early settlers of the Sac & Pox Reserve. 
 
 PAH CAH HOM MO WAH, and boy. The Kan Indian Band chief 
 v.ho died about 1902. He succeeded Chief PA SHE PO HO who 
 \i as the successor of MO KO HO KO along the Marias des Cygne. 
 
 The Govt' Soldiers moved them here for good from Kan- in 1886. 
 
65 
 
 V 
 
 Samuel Varner 
 
 Robert Vanarsdale 
 
 P. Vanarsdale 
 
 Margaret Varner 
 
 Nancy Vanarsdale 
 
 W. S. Varner 
 
 Wm. A. Wilson 
 
 James Wiley 
 
 Wm. Wentworth 
 
 Catharine Wilson 
 
 Julia Wiley 
 
 Wm. Whistler 
 
 James L. Woods 
 
 C. E. Watkins 
 
 Sarah Whistler 
 
 Elizabeth Woods 
 
 J. W. Watkins 
 
 W. J. Washburn 
 
 J. J. Worley 
 
 Andrew Wood 
 
 Medora Washburn 
 
 Sarah Worley 
 
 Jane Wood 
 
 T. M. Whitlow 
 
 A. M. Wilcox 
 
 A. Wiley 
 
 Lovina Whitlow 
 
 Elizabeth Wilcox 
 
 Ann Wiley 
 
 Emeline Washburn 
 
 J. G. Want 
 
 Harrison Withington 
 
 John Watts 
 
 Elizabeth Want 
 
 David Washington 
 
 P. J. Watts 
 
 G. W. Williams 
 
 Margaret L. Washington 
 
 Margary Watts 
 
 ? '. S. Wagoner 
 
 A. M. Wilson 
 
 James Wallace 
 
 Elizabeth Wagoner 
 
 Jugabo Wilson 
 
 Kate Wallace 
 
 James M. Woods 
 
 Samuel Wilson 
 
 J. Wilkerson 
 
 I.ytle Woods 
 
 Thomas Williams 
 
 0. C. Williams 
 
 Mary Woods 
 
 G. Wilson 
 
 Emma Williams 
 
 Peter S. Withington 
 
 Elizabeth Wilson 
 
 Samuel Wheeler 
 
 Jane A. Withington 
 
 Leonard P. Woodmus 
 
 Millicent Wheeler 
 
 John Walburn 
 
 Hugh Woodmus 
 
 George Weber 
 
 Jacob Wilson 
 
 James Woodmus 
 
 Neal Woolard 
 
 Mary Wilson 
 
 Henrietta Woodmus 
 
 Lucy Woolard 
 
 L. M. Warner 
 
 J. D. Wilkinson 
 
 L. T. Whittaker 
 
 R. A. "Warner 
 
 Sarah Wilkinson 
 
 Melissa Whittaker 
 
 A. R. Wiley 
 
 John White 
 
 Hatcher Wells 
 
 G. A. Wiley 
 
 Susan White 
 
 E. Wells 
 
 Geo. W. Wildon 
 
 N. G. Wilson 
 
 Uriah Watkins 
 
 Adaline Wildon 
 
 Marv Wilson 
 
 John Wentworth 
 
 J .Wilkins 
 
 X Y Z 
 
 
 
 Eliza J. Zinn 
 
 Maria Yager 
 
 August Zable 
 
 John F .Young 
 
 N. E. Young 
 
 Sophia Zable 
 
 Joel Yager 
 
 Mary Young 
 
 J. W. Zinn 
 
 A. Yager 
 
 Charles Zable • 
 
66 
 
 SHAW KAW PAW KOF 
 
 Dr. Fenn, who never saw him but who heard much about him — when he 
 came in 1866 said. He was a great orator who must have been the oracle 
 of the tribe from the days of Black Hawk. He was not the wild impassionate 
 kind against the United States. When they built the houses for the Indians 
 he chose as his location a nice bottom near the mouth of Tequas Creek and 
 lad a good frame house built that a Mr. Bury lived in and his son-in-law 
 Humphrey also in or near there among the first settlers one mile south of the 
 Marais des Cygnes on thesouth side. Shaw kaw paw kof had 2 girls that are 
 mentioned in the history of the schools. One, a little 10 or 12 year old girl, 
 was a pupil in Rev. Duvall's Mission school where she accidently caught her 
 dress on fire at an open stove and burned so that she died. The other girl 
 was Jane who, when that happened, was probably up at Baldwin along with 
 Fannie Goodell at school. Jane is alive now, the wife of one of the Indian 
 Council. 
 
 Shaw kaw paw kof is spoken of in the Indian history by several. Dr. 
 Fenn explained his suicide as one that was common among Indians, who when 
 getting old or helpless did not wish to burden their relations with care. He 
 hef^an to decline with consumption and feeling that his days were drawing to 
 an end he called his Band together, for he was a half chief, chanted his 
 death song, seated himself on a log and with a gun showed his braves how to 
 fiin by a bullet through his heart. 
 
 JULIA GOODELL 
 
 Was of Sauk and Winnebago stock. Bom in Wisconsin about 1810. Died at 
 the Sac & Fox Agency, Indian Ty., June 8, 1880. When young she was the 
 
 Indian wife Lieut. ( - Mitchell, an officer of the army stationed in 
 
 Wisconsin, who about this time, 1826-27, left the army and became an agent 
 of the American Fur Co., of which Jacob Astor was the head. Mary Mitchell 
 was born to this union in about 1827. This child, after five marriages and a 
 lif a time of history, became the wife of Moses Keokuk and is alive to-day so 
 far as I know. Julia Goodell got mixed in with the Sauk under Black Hawk 
 and was in that war of 1832 in 111. and Wis. At the battle of "Wisconsin 
 Dells" between the Illinois Volunteers and Black Hawk's forces when the 
 Indians were, vidthout exception of brave, squaw or child, most unmercifully 
 chased, shot down and drove into the Wisconsin River which was at flood 
 tide that July, Julia saved the life of herself and child by lashing it to her 
 back and plunging into the waters' while many were being shot while swim- 
 ming to the opposite shore an eighth of a mile away. How she was helped 
 cut after being carried around in a whirlpool by her Winnebago Prophet kins- 
 
67 
 
 man; how her child, Mary, was eventually educated in Philadelphia, and Julia, 
 the mother, in 1840 became the wife of John Goodell, the official interpreter 
 of Agent Joseph M. Street, and her family of several children, two or three 
 of whom are alive yet, all makes history enough to be in a small book by 
 itself. 
 
 She experienced conversion to Christianity under Rev. R. P. Duvall near 
 Centropolis about 1860— perhaps the first one in the tribe. She proved in 
 later years to be a veritable "Mother in Israel" to all, whether whites or 
 Indians, who came her way. This testimonial and picture I present in the 
 name of Mrs. Dr. E. B. Fenn and Mrs. Fannie Whistler Nedeau, who lived in 
 the home or beside it for years and knew well the various incidents of Julia 
 Goodell's life from her frequent talks about it. 
 
 Julia and John Goodells Portraits will be found on page 56. 
 
 Mary Mitchell and Sarah Goodell's are also given as they are all 
 
 that are left alive 1912 of Julia's children by the two husbands- 
 
 CHE KUS KUK 
 
 Che kus kuk was one of the head chiefs along with Keokuk. He seems 
 to have been the leading representative of the Fox tribe after Powesheik's 
 death and thus when that part of the tribe demanded a head chief the Gov't 
 appointed him in Agent C. C. Hutchinson's term 1862, and he so continued 
 until 1889, the period of his death, when Mah ko sah toe was put in. This 
 &ave Che kus kuk a salary of $500 a year, for 27 years. Mrs. Fannie 
 Whistler Nedeau says that Che kus kuk was the last full blooded Fox Chief 
 left, that he was a cousin to Mother Goodell. It was undoubtedly the fact of 
 his good salary that kept him from going with the Fox Indians to the Agency 
 established after the war at Tama on the Iowa river. I presume from in- 
 quiries that I have made that there are at least 75 or 100 Fox Indians of hali 
 bloods that remain with the old Mississippi Band of Sac & Fox in Oklahoma 
 yet. 
 
 Mrs. Fenn was telling me how she went along with the Doctor to v'sit 
 several Indians about 1867. Che kus kuk, when the offer in 1860 was made 
 to build houses on tracts if they would select them, chose as his location what 
 would now be the N. E. corner of N. W. Vi, Sec. 5-17-17, or else on the S. E. 
 of Sec. 6, on Salt creek perhaps 3 miles up the stream from the agency. Di-. 
 G. W. Miller was one of the first of the new settlers to live in Che kus kuk'.; 
 old stonecabin. There were two or three buildings here all of which are in 
 ruins. He lived here until they left Nov. 26, 1869. He was a sober, sociabio. 
 honest Indian, who was much around the schools, stores and Agency— gener- 
 ally working in harmony with both Keokuk and the agents. I will not repeat 
 
68 
 
 what has been said by various persons in their narratives or in my history 
 
 He sent his boy, Joseph Che kus kuk to the Mission school and later to 
 asubscription school conducted by Leida Fox whose narrative is in Vol. 3. 
 He was in Washington once or twice and from the Gov't Indian gallery 
 I got his picture. It occurs again in the group taken at the Sac & Fox 
 Agency 1882 for the benefit of special Agent E. B. Townsend, which the 
 reader will find by turning to a group of Indians the front row sitting down. 
 Che kus kuk is the only one in the group with a cap on or bear claws neck- 
 lace. Many of the settlers of this day who were boys when their parents 
 came to the Reserve either knw Ch kus kuk or have heard pleasant anecdotes 
 about him. He never made any effort to become rich. He was free hearted 
 with both whites and Indians. 
 
 Che kus kuk was well known to the Fenns. They went and called on 
 him once, in a wigwam then somewhere on Salt creek. He came to the Doc- 
 tor's home once to have a tooth pulled but as the Doctor got ready to do it he 
 was fearful 6f its pain and in spite of Mrs. Fenn's talk opened the door and 
 put off to the traders store, where the Doctor followed him. In an hour or 
 so the Doctor pulled it for him, when he wrapped it up carefully in a piece 
 of paper and requested theDoctor to give that to his white squaw and tell her 
 he was "no squaw afraid to have tooth pulled." 
 
 Mrs. Fenn spoke of him very highly, of his uprightness, and g'reat in- 
 telligence. He ate at the Doctor's table and had good table manners. They 
 knew Joseph Che kus kuk — ^he is dead now, as well as his father. 
 
 When the Doctor and wife lived at the Agency in Indian Ty. a man and 
 wife who had traveled 7. years came there t(? learn all about the Sac and 
 Fox Indians. Though they spent all summer there they gleaned but little in- 
 formation. The Indians seemed to have no wish to impart talk; answered 
 didn't know. 
 
 When the Creeks went to war with some Indians, 1879 or thereabouts, 
 they came via the Agency and left $28,000 in money vsrith Keokuk, who buried 
 it and kept it safely until the Creeks came back and claimed it. 
 
 A Picture of Che kus kuk will be found on page 40. 
 
Moses Keokuk 
 
 1862 64 
 
 John Goodell 
 Interpreter 
 
 Shaw paw kaw koE 
 Black Hawk Band 
 
SHAW KAW PAW KOF 
 
 Dr. Fenn, who never saw him but who heard much about him- — when he 
 came in 1866 said. He was a great orator who must have been the oracle 
 of the tribe from the days of Black Hawk. He was not the wild impassionate 
 kind against the United States. When they built the houses for the Indians 
 he chose as his location a nice bottom near the mouth of Tequas Creek and 
 lad a good frame house built that a Mr. Bury lived in and his son-in-law 
 Humphrey also in or near there among the first settlers one mile south of the 
 Marais des Cygnes on thesouth side. Shaw kaw paw kof had 2 girls that are 
 mentioned in the history of the schools. One, a little 10 or 12 year old girl, 
 was a pupil in Rev. Duvall's Mission school where she accidently caught her 
 dress on fire at an open stove and burned so that she died. The other girl 
 was Jane who, when that happened, was probably up at Baldwin along with 
 Fannie Goodell at school. Jane is alive now, the wife of one of the Indian 
 Council. 
 
 Shaw kaw paw kof is spoken of in the Indian history by several. Dr. 
 Fenn explained his suicide as one that was common among Indians, who when 
 getting old or helpless did not wish to burden their relations with care. He 
 began to decline with consumption and feeling that his days were drawing to 
 an end he called his Band together, for he was a half chief, chanted his 
 death song, seated himself on a log and with a gun showed his braves how to 
 die by a bullet through his heart. 
 
 THE KEOKUK-GOODELL-SHAW KAW PAW KOF PICTURE 
 
 Mrs. Fannie Whistler Nedeau was showing me an ambrotype that she 
 prized much. One time at Fort Leavenworth John Goodell had taken Keokuk 
 and the orator, Shaw kaw paw kof, into a gallery and had their pictures 
 taken along with his. I guess the only one ever taken of the great orator 
 and, as it was taken in war days shortly before Shaw kaw paw kof shot him- 
 self through the heart, is one of historical value. 
 
G. R. GREEN'S HISTORICAL AND GENEALOGICAL 
 . PUBLICATIONS, FROM THE START— 1893. 
 
 The Ezra Green Family History and Geneaology. Litchfield Co. 
 Conn 1754. Remsen, New York. 1824. 1893 scarce 100 pp paper $ 2. 
 Border Ruffian Troubles In Kansas. scarce 1899. paper 50 cts. 
 Twice A Pioneer. Gen'y of the Peaslee, Stonebraker Fam.1897 pa 
 Patriotic Lyndon. History of many oganizations. 1897 pa 
 Quantrell's Raid On Lawrence. 1899 pa 
 
 History of 4 Lyndon Churches. 1901 pa 
 
 "Us & Our Neighbors". A Historical, Genealogical, Directory>f 
 3200 people abont Lyndon, Kan. 50 pp 1900 paper 25 cts. 
 
 The Dryden Barbour, Family Hist' and Gen'. From Thomas 
 Barber' of Winsor Ct. 1640 1911 paper $1.00. 
 
 The Isaac Haskins, Family History and Gen'. From Captain 
 George Haskins, of Dartmouth Mass. 1775. 1911- paper 50 cts. 
 
 "FIFTY YEARS AFTER". History of 150 Old Soldiers living 
 in and around Olathe Kansas. 1912 paper 15 cts' 
 
 "GREEN'S HISTORICAL SERIES" 
 "EARLY DAYS IN KANSAS". 
 
 Several volumes bound in marble boards f of which have been 
 printed, these 9 yrs and having from 84 to 152 pp in, are sold at 
 i ct per octavo page, counting full page illustrations in. 
 
 Vol 1 The Border Ruffian Days. Half the book is Judge L. D. 
 Baileys' writings. It includes no's 2&5 above noted, ready 75 cts. 
 
 'IN KEOKUKS TIME ON THE KANSAS RESERVATION" 
 Rready Jany 1913. 86 pp. Paper 35 cts. marble boards, 50 cts. 
 
 Vol. 2 The Pioneer days of Burlingame, settled in 1854, are all 
 shown up in narratives and lists of inhabitants. 100 pp, 50 cts. 
 
 Vol 3 Old Ridgeway, And Along the Santa Fe Trail. Largely 
 made up of Pioneers' narratives, lists, church histy 98 pp printed. 
 
 Vols 4 & 5 ANNALS OF LYNDON. 300 pp are printed, and like 
 Vols 2 & 3 awaiting their turn to be illustrated and bound. There 
 are many articles about the Sac & Fox Indians through these 
 books, the half tones — 30 or more, show the Indians up well. 
 I want subscribers to the whole series at $ 5.00 and they can take 
 the 2 years to pay in sums along as I deliver the books. 
 
 There are 2 other works not described now to make the series. 
 
 ]913 Charles R. Green. Olathe, Kansas. 
 
 Historian and Publisher. Member Kan. Hist'l Society.