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CABOT BIBLIOGRAPHY 
 
CABOT BIBLIOGRAPHY 
 
 WITH AN INTRODUCTORY ESSAY 
 
 ON THE CAREERS OF 
 
 THE CABOTS 
 
 BASED UPON AN INDEPENDENT EXAMINATION 
 OF THE SOURCES OF INFORMATION 
 
 BY 
 
 GEORGE PARKER WINSHIP 
 
 LONDON 
 
 HENRY STEVENS, SON & STILES 
 
 39 Great Russell Street over against the South-West 
 
 Corner of the British Museum 
 
 new york : dodd, mead & company 
 
 MDCCCC 
 
 T 
 
K.1Ij1-|s:oi 
 
 CHISWICK PRESS : CHARLES WHITTINGHAM AND CO. 
 TOOKS COURT, CHANCERY LANE, LONDON. 
 
PREFATORY NOTE 
 
 SMALL CABOT BIBLIOGRAPHY 
 prepared at the suggestion of Mr. W. E. 
 Foster, of the Providence Public Library, for 
 use during the celebration of the four hun- 
 dredth anniversary of John Cabot's visit to 
 North America, was the origin of the present 
 volume. In the hope of making that bibliography more 
 widely and more permanently useful, the scope of the work 
 has been greatly extended, and an effort has been made to 
 include in it a description of every publication which has in- 
 fluenced noticeably the popular or the scholarly conceptions 
 of John and Sebastian Cabot, or which is likely to prove 
 useful to those who wish to study the careers of the Cabots 
 and their contemporaries. 
 
 A list of those to whom the compiler is indebted- for 
 suggestions and for assistance, would include the names 
 of nearly every writer who took a part in the anniversary 
 discussions of the Cabots' achievements. With every other 
 student of the period of discovery, his greatest obligations 
 are to Henry Harrisse, whose researches have made it possible 
 to arrive at approximately definitive opinions in regard to the 
 men who revealed to England and to Europe the westward 
 way to America. The Introdudlory Essay tries to set forth 
 fully, fairly and without prejudice, the fadls upon which 
 some of these opinions are established. 
 
 The printer and the compiler of these pages have been 
 separated by the Atlantic Ocean during the composition of 
 the volume. The care and attention of the proof-room at 
 
Iprefatoi's IRote 
 
 the Chiswick Press, and the diligent oversight with which 
 Mr. Henry N. Stevens has watched every detail throughout 
 the preparation of the volume, have saved those who will 
 use this work from many annoying errors. Nevertheless, in 
 a work of this description, containing numerous references 
 to specific passages in a large number of widely different 
 books, it is reasonable to suppose that many mistakes may 
 not have been detedted. The compiler, and the publishers, 
 ask for the indulgence of the reader, in respeft to these 
 Errata, in the words of two ancient authors quoted below. 
 
 Providence, 
 
 Rhode Island. 
 
 TO THE READER 
 
 "Who faulteth not, liueth not j who mendeth faults 
 is commended : The Printer hath faulted a little : it 
 may be the author oversighted more. Thy paine 
 (Reader) is the least; then erre not thou most by 
 misconstruing or sharpe censuring; least thou be 
 more vncharitable, then either of them hath been 
 heedlesse: God amend and guide vs all." — Foulke 
 RoBARTES, ne Ke'venue of the Gospel is tythes. — 
 Cambridge, 1613. ^to. 
 
 " Reader, Carthagena was of the mind, that unto 
 those Three Things which the Ancients held Im- 
 possible, there should be added this Fourth, to find 
 a Book Printed without Errata s. It seems, the 
 Hands of Briareus, and the Eyes of Argus, will not 
 prevent them." — Dr. Cotton Mather, Magnolia 
 Christi Americana. London, 1702. Fol. 
 
CONTENTS 
 
 PAGE 
 
 PREFATORY NOTE 
 
 INTRODUCTORY ESSAY ix-lli 
 
 Career of John Cabot x-xv 
 
 Career of Sebastian Cabot .... xvi-xxxv 
 La Plata Expedition . . . xxii-xxxii, xlvi-xlviii 
 
 Cabot Controversies xxxvi-Iii 
 
 Date of Discovery xxxviii-xl 
 
 Location of Landfall xiii-xiv, xl-xlii 
 
 Cabot Map of 1544 xlix-1, 13-26 
 
 CABOT BIBLIOGRAPHY 1-180 
 
 Sources of Information 1-103 
 
 Cabotiana, Secondary Writings . . . 104-180 
 
INTRODUCTORY ESSAY 
 
The marginal numbers refer to the books and docn- 
 ments described under these numbers in the Bibliography. 
 
THE CAREERS OF THE CABOTS. 
 
 I HE commercial, social, and intelledual 
 life of fifteenth-century Europe centred 
 in Venice. The Venetian merchants 
 sent their fleets of galleys to every port 
 in what was then the world of European civilization, 
 and everywhere they controlled that best of mono- 
 polies which belongs to the largest dealer and the 
 soundest credit. Genoa had rivalled Venice in every 
 field during the preceding century, when the intro- 
 spe(5bion of the mediasval mind was giving place to 
 ideas of a larger world and a broader humanity than 
 could be seen and known in any single city. Genoa, 
 facing the wrong end of the Mediterranean, did its 
 full share of the work of opening the trade routes 
 of the Middle Ages, and in establishing commercial 
 intercourse upon a peaceful, regular basis. But gradu- 
 ally Venice gained the leading position, and therefore 
 we now hear very little of the youth and glory of the 
 
X Careers of tbe (la&ots 
 
 rival city in which were born and on whose bdttoms 
 were bred the men who did more than the sons of 
 any other city to open up the unknown world. 
 England, meantime, was beginning to take a hand in 
 the affairs of Europe, very much as the full-blooded, 
 clear-headed country lad enters into the life of the 
 metropolitan cousins who offer him a place in their 
 city office. All over Europe men's hands and brains 
 were filled with the new learning, the new ideas, the 
 new things to do, which the Renaissance brought out 
 of the infinite into the real and the praftical. Beyond 
 Europe, to the south, lay Africa, along whose western 
 shores the sailors of Prince Henry of Portugal were 
 slowly and persistently feeling their way. To the 
 east lay the far distant somewhere where grandeur 
 and wealth had been seen by Marco Polo. Nearer, 
 and blocking the way thither, the Turk had settled 
 down to enforce his laws which permitted no dealings 
 with the infidel Christians. To the north and the 
 west of Europe rolled the black waters, out of which 
 now and again came some storm-tossed, heaven-pro- 
 teded mariner returning with tales of distant island- 
 havens of refuge and of promise. 
 
 A crew of English sailors in the closing years of 
 the fifteenth century announced to Europe their dis- 
 covery of a new land beyond the North Atlantic 
 waters. To their leader England is indebted for her 
 proud claim to priority in the revelation to the 
 Christian world of the fairest inheritance of the 
 British race. He was a son of Genoa, where he was 
 
Careers of tbe CaUbts xi 
 
 born before the middle of the century ; at Venice he 
 received his inspiration to maritime ambitions; in 
 England he found the co-operation and the support 
 which made his great achievement possible. 
 
 John Cabot, this English discoverer of America, 
 lived and did his work apparently without a thought 
 of the interest future generations might have in him 
 and his career. Of his charadter and personality 
 nothing whatever is now known. Scarcely more can 
 be found out about his life before and after the 
 voyage which showed Englishmen the way to North 
 America. In the year 1476 Zuan Caboto, as he was (538) 
 called, had been a recorded resident of Venice for 
 fifteen years, and in consideration of this probation he (224) 
 was admitted to citizenship in the RepubHc. At one 
 time he travelled to the marts of Mecca, where he 
 talked with men who told him of trafficking at other 
 markets far away towards the north-east, where they (190) 
 traded with merchants who came from yet a further 
 east. At another time he visited- Lisbon and the 
 cities of Spain, where, or elsewhere, he came in con- (7) 
 tad with ideas and suggestions which were the (532) 
 common property of the travelling, thinking men of 
 his time — ideas about the shape of the world and 
 suggestions as to its remotest charafteristics. Eventu- 
 ally he went to England, and there he settled down 
 to follow the trade of merchandising in London and (213) 
 Bristol. 
 
 The trading voyage to Iceland very early became (238) 
 a part of the yearly routine of the Bristol sailors and (420) 
 
:ji Careers of tbe Cabots 
 
 merchant venturers. The settles about the Bristol 
 firesides to which Cabot was welcomed had long since 
 ^rown familiar with tales told by the returning 
 mariners of wonderful islands in the Western ocean, 
 iway from the tracks of commerce, and of strange 
 idventures befallen those who had sailed in search of 
 ihese mysterious lands. The last of these voyages, 
 andertaken by one who was styled the Master- 
 Mariner of England, was a matter of recent occur- 
 rence when Cabot went to Bristol. Like most of its 
 predecessors, this voyage had almost succeeded, and 
 :he listener must have felt sure, as he heard the story, 
 :hat where so many had tried there must be some 
 ■eality to reward the persistent searcher. Cabot, 
 lupplementing and explaining the theories of his 
 Bristol neighbours by what he had heard and seen 
 luring his hfe in the Mediterranean lands, can have 
 lad little difficulty in persuading the West Country 
 nerchants — ever anxious to extend and broaden the 
 icope of their adtlvities — to aid him in his projedts for 
 olving the mystery of what lay westward from 
 reland. For nearly a decade, it would seem, he 
 )ersisted in his efforts to find the land in that 
 tVestern ocean. At last he succeeded, and one 
 norning in June, 1497, less than a score of English- 
 nen, with John Cabot as their leader, anchored their 
 raft upon an unknown coast. A few weeks later, 
 )n August 10, John Cabot kneeled before the English 
 :ing, and presented him with the discoverer's claim to 
 . new world. 
 
Careers of tbe Cabots liii 
 
 The story of this voyage, upon which Englishmen 
 are accustomed to base the title to their American 
 empire, may be told in few words. In March, 1496, 
 John Cabot and his three sons received a royal (136) 
 charter from King Henry VII., authorizing them to 
 compete but not to interfere with Spain and Portugal (532) 
 in the search for heathen lands unknown to Christen- 
 dom. A year later, perhaps on the second day of (222) 
 May, 1497, a small vessel which may have been 
 named the " Mathew," and which carried eighteen (250) 
 men, sailed from Bristol under the command of John 
 Cabot. Passing around the southern point of Ireland, 
 Cabot directed his course towards the north fora while, 
 and then turned west, being driven back and forth by 
 the North Atlantic spring weather. Holding as 
 closely to the westward course as wind and currents, 
 sky and compass would allow, he kept on until he 
 came to land. June 24, 1497, was probably the date (319) 
 on which he anchored somewhere on the eastern sea- (388) 
 coast of British North America, between Halifax and (493) 
 southern Labrador. The sailors went ashore and found (561) 
 a pleasant, fertile land. Felled trees, snares for game, (183) 
 and needles suitable for making nets showed them 
 that the country was inhabited. 
 
 The mission of the voyage was accomplished when 
 land was discovered westward from Europe. Cabot 
 had fulfilled his purpose as soon as he stepped on 
 shore. Delay might involve his crew in a hopeless 
 conflift with outnumbering natives. Further ex- 
 ploration could add nothing of comparable signific- 
 
xiv Careers of tbe Ca&ots 
 
 ance to what he already knew, and this knowledge 
 (190) might easily be lost to Europe by an attempt to 
 increase it. These considerations would have coun- 
 (183) selled an immediate return to England, and there is 
 no reason, in probability or in the sources of infor- 
 mation, why Cabot and his companions need have 
 spent more than a few hours on American soil during 
 their first visit to the western continent. The stories 
 they told after their arrival home which have been 
 preserved to the present day, suggest only the shortest 
 possible delay at the goal of their voyage and a 
 (190) hurried return with the news. If, as is probable, 
 (39®) they spent these hours on Cape Breton Island or 
 thereabouts, they doubtless saw Newfoundland on 
 their return, and coasted eastward along its southern 
 (84) shore until they were clear of Cape Race. Thence 
 an easy run would have brought them to Bristol, as 
 (222) is reported, on August 6, in ample time to allow the 
 
 (138) captain to post to the court, where he was rewarded 
 for his success on August 10. 
 
 The eight months that followed his return from 
 the voyage of 1497 cover the only period of John 
 Cabot's life during which we know anything about 
 what he was doing and thinking. King Henry 
 (183) promptly promised him the command of another 
 expedition, to consist of several vessels conveying men 
 and whatever else might be needed for the settlement 
 and exploitation of the new found land. He also re- 
 
 (139) ceived an allowance from the royal exchequer, and pro- 
 vided himself with all the habiliments befitting the 
 
Careers of tbe Cabot5 xv 
 
 high position and glorious prospers which the future 
 seemed to hold in store for him. He talked freely 
 of the region to which he intended to conduft his 
 followers, and of his anticipations regarding its con- 
 quest and development. His friends hailed him as 
 Admiral, and as the weeks passed he came to con- 
 sider himself as heir-apparent to princely power, with 
 bishoprics and broad seigniories at his disposal. Only 
 the necessary preparations for departure seemed to 
 stand between him and the realization of his visions 
 of a new English empire beyond the seas. 
 
 The royal letters patent authorizing the impress- (140) 
 ment of vessels and their equipment were dated in 
 February, 1498, and it was doubtless Easter or later (153) 
 before the fleet of four or five vessels was ready to (105) 
 sail. The ships, fully loaded with merchandise suited (212) 
 to all the wants of heathen markets, probably followed (7) 
 much the same course as in the preceding year. Soon 
 after leaving the Irish coast they encountered a storm 
 which forced one boat to put back. After this, (142) 
 nothing whatsoever is known regarding the fate of the (151) 
 expedition. It may, in whole or in part, have 
 reached the American coast in safety. Some of the 
 members, besides those who were driven back to (142'') 
 Ireland by the storm, may have returned to Europe 
 to give an account of their experiences. According (105) 
 to one account, apparently written in the early 
 autumn of 1498, no news had then been received 
 from the voyagers. The same statement may be 
 made with equal truth in 1900, 
 
xvi Careers of tbe (tabots 
 
 During the voyage of 1497, the numberless shoals 
 of fish through which Cabot's ship made its way, 
 
 (190) while off the coast of the new found lands, impressed 
 his sailors more than anything else. The reports 
 which they spread abroad after their return doubtless 
 
 (575) induced English sailing-masters to visit the fishing 
 grounds now known as the Newfoundland Banks. 
 
 (212) It is recorded that Bristol merchants also pro- 
 jedted exploring expeditions to the new world during 
 the early years of the following century. These were 
 perhaps sent out with a hope of learning something 
 about the fate of the fleet which sailed in 1498. 
 Aside from this supposition, however, there is no 
 evidence that these ventures, which were diredllycon- 
 nedted with Portuguese discoveries, were in any con- 
 siderable measure a result of Cabot's first voyage. So 
 far as can be found out from the extant records, it 
 (88) was eighty years after John Cabot made his successful 
 
 (126) voyage before the English people took the first steps 
 
 (549) to utilize the knowledge which he gave them. 
 
 Sebastian, the son of John Cabot, was mentioned 
 (136) by name in the letters patent granted by Henry 
 VII. in 1496. It is a reasonable assumption from 
 this fad that he was at that time of legal age, which 
 makes it probable that he was born while his father 
 was a resident of Venice. There is no evidence of 
 any value to suggest that he did or that he did not 
 take part with his father in the voyages to America 
 (212) in 1497 and 1498. His name has been associated with 
 
Careers of tbe Cabots xvii 
 
 a western voyage undertaken from Bristol four or five (216) 
 years later, but there are no certain means for estab- 
 lishing his connexion with this venture. It is, how- 
 ever, not at all improbable that Sebastian Cabot may (219) 
 have made a voyage to some part of America in 1501 
 or 1502. 
 
 Sebastian Cabot makes his first independent appear- (566) 
 ance in the records of English maritime history in (13) 
 1 508. During this, the last year of King Henry VII., (73) 
 he undertook to find a new route to Cathay across (80) 
 the Ar(5tic circle. This plan, we now know, was (117) 
 foredoomed to failure, but Cabot, imbued with the (159) 
 earliest notions of "Great Circle" sailing, and possess- (160) 
 ing no certain knowledge of the uttermost parts of 
 the earth, may naturally have foreseen no insurmount- 
 able obstacles. He sailed into the north until his 
 progress was blocked by bergs and field ice at about 
 58° or 60° north latitude. Compelled to turn back, 
 he came upon a coast-line towards the west, which he 
 followed southwards for some distance, landing at 
 one place where the July sun had cleared the land of 
 snow. As he sailed along, the strongest impression 
 was made on his memory by the adtions of the numer- (192) 
 ous polar bears that came down to the shore to catch (159) 
 the fish which swarmed along the coast in such 
 numbers as actually to stay the progress of his ships. 
 Returning to England, Sebastian found that his royal j 
 patron was dead, and that the new king, Henry VIII., 
 who succeeded to the throne in April, 1 509, cared little 
 for maritime discoveries. 
 
xviii Carea's of tbe Cabots 
 
 (95) The voyage of 1508-9 appears to have been one of 
 (216) two efforts made by Sebastian Cabot to discover a 
 (219) north-western passage to Cathay. There is no satis- 
 faftory clue to the date of the other voyage, but the 
 evidence is almost sufficient to prove that it must 
 have been made, and in all probability before 1512, 
 if not before 1509. On this voyage, he sailed as far 
 as 67f° north, according to his observations. He 
 (196^) reached this latitude on June 11, and with open water 
 ahead there seemed to be nothing to prevent the 
 successful continuance of the voyage, when some 
 difficulty with the shipmaster, combined with a 
 mutiny among the sailors, forced him to turn back. 
 (566) This is all that is at present known about this ex- 
 pedition. 
 
 Sebastian Cabot's career as a map-maker began 
 (14') before 1512, whenhe was employed by the English 
 government in making charts for a proje<5bed military 
 expedition against France under Lord Willoughby de 
 Broke. Cabot accompanied this expedition, which 
 landed at Pasages in northern Spain in June, 151 2. 
 His reputation must have preceded him, for the 
 
 (107) Spanish king began to negotiate for the transference 
 of his services from England to Spain very soon 
 after his arrival on the Peninsula. Cabot visited 
 
 (108) Burgos, where he had an interview with two of the 
 confidential advisers of King Ferdinand, and in 
 September he was summoned to the court. His 
 
 (109) appointment as Capitan de Mar in the Spanish 
 marine was dated on Oftober 2. The next thirty- 
 
Careers of tbe Cabots xii 
 
 five years of Cabot's life were spent in the service of 
 Spain, He apparently entered this service with some 
 sort of understanding that he was to be given the 
 command of an expedition which would doubtless 
 have sailed to the north-western regions which he had (107') 
 already visited. In March, 15 14, he visited the (m) 
 court for the purpose of discussing the plans for this 
 voyage, and eighteen months later Peter Martyr (159) 
 wrote that it would probably start by March, 15 16. 
 The illness of Ferdinand interrupted these plans, and 
 the king's death in January, 1 5 1 6, lead to their definite 
 abandonment. Two years later, in February, 1518, (113) 
 Cabot was appointed Pilot-major of Spain, with 
 duties which kept him busy at Seville. 
 
 Cabot, remembering his experiences under the 
 change of rulers in England, must have felt much 
 anxiety during the months following the accession of 
 Charles as King of Spain. This feeling of uncertainty 
 may have led him to enter into communication with (76) 
 the English government. If so, the negotiations 
 dragged along slowly, for it was not until 1521 that 
 Henry VIII. and Wolsey were ready to employ 
 him. The exaft nature of their plans is most uncer- 
 tain, and it is equally uncertain whether or not Cabot 
 was really the person by the name of Sebastian whom 
 they intended to engage as chief pilot. But it is quite 
 clear that the king and cardinal made arrangements 
 for sending an expedition to some part of the new 
 world. Inasmuch as their objeft appears to have been 
 the acquisition of wealth, it is probable that they had 
 
X3t Careers of tbe Cabots 
 
 no intention of sending it into the Ardlic regions 
 which Cabot visited a dozen years before. The 
 (94) scheme included the equipment of a fleet by the 
 merchants of London and of the principal provincial 
 towns. This idea did not meet with the approval of 
 the merchant guilds in London, and the Drapers' 
 Company, adling as spokesmen for the other liveries, 
 returned a vigorous protest to the royal message 
 asking for their co-operation in the venture. In this 
 reply they declared that the " certain person called 
 Sebastian " who was to be the leader of the expe- 
 dition was a foreigner, and that he knew nothing by 
 personal experience of the regions to which he was 
 expecfted to pilot the ships. These contentions failed 
 to convince the king, and royal pressure was applied 
 to enforce the grudging subscription of the London 
 contributions. Nothing more is heard of this pro- 
 posed English expedition. There is no evidence that 
 (14 ) Sebastian Cabot was at this time called upon to decide 
 definitely between re-entering the English service and 
 retaining his position as head of the Spanish Naviga- 
 tion Office. 
 
 The growth of the conception of patriotism, of 
 loyalty to one's native place, as contrasted with the 
 idea of loyalty to employer and abiding place, fur- 
 nishes a most suggestive study in the intelleftual de- 
 velopment of the century in which modern Europe 
 came into being. This conception seems to have 
 (76) been suggested to the younger Cabot by an Italian 
 (225) priest, a fellow- Venetian whom he met in England. 
 
Careers ot tbe Cabots xxi 
 
 This priest reproached him with his many services to (14'') 
 other countries at a time when their native city was 
 so much in need of help to resuscitate its commerce, 
 the only means by which it could hope to maintain its 
 already weakened position in the European world. 
 The idea apparently took root in Cabot's mind. At 
 about the time when the proposed English expedition 
 of 1 521 was given up, the Venetian Council of Ten (158) 
 received from an Italian traveller returning from Spain 
 certain propositions which he said had been intrusted (226) 
 to him by Sebastian Cabot. This message was 
 communicated to the Venetian ambassador at the 
 Spanish court, who sent for Cabot and held several 
 long interviews with him, of which very circumstan- 
 tial accounts were given in the ambassador's dispatches (78) 
 to the Venetian government. These reports, and 
 especially the description of Cabot's consternation (76) 
 when he realized the extent to which he had been 
 compromised by his travelling acquaintance, show 
 that Cabot was not a very far-sighted traitor, or else, 
 as is a great deal more likely, that he had talked with 
 his friend freely and somewhat carelessly, in a con- 
 fidential vein, about possibilities which must have 
 seemed to him as he talked, perhaps over the wine- 
 cups, very remote. When he was suddenly brought 
 face to face with the results of his friend's mission, 
 Cabot, being a sixteenth-century Italian, could hardly 
 have withdrawn from the intrigue in which he had 
 become involved. Trusting to the future, he assured 
 the ambassador that everything which he had sug- 
 
xxii Careers of tbe Catots 
 
 gested could be brought to pass as desired. Between 
 them, they entered into elaborate arrangements by 
 which Cabot was to secure permission to go to Venice 
 in order to lay his plans in person before the Seignory, 
 He did not go, nor did he apply to his Spanish 
 superiors for the necessary permission. He made 
 many protestations of eagerness to serve his native 
 city, but he explained to the ambassador that there 
 were reasons which would hinder him from starting 
 for Venice just then. Sebastian Cabot was not the 
 first person to enter into elaborate schemes for under- 
 takings which he had no intention of performing, nor 
 was he the last to refrain from informing his partners 
 of the real reasons why their schemes came to nought. 
 There is nothing in the surviving records of Cabot's 
 intrigue with the Venetian officials which implies that 
 he was less clever or less honest than the men with 
 whom he came in contaft, or that his adtions, as he 
 would have carried them out under nineteenth-century 
 conditions, differed materially in morality or in in- 
 telligence from those of many respedted men aftive in 
 contemporary affairs. 
 
 The great failure of Sebastian Cabot's life came 
 during the years from 1 526 to 1 530. He sailed from 
 Spain in the spring of 1526 at the head of a well- 
 )2) equipped fleet, confident of supplementing the work 
 of Magellan, hoping to open a new and better route 
 to the Eastern Spice Lands, dreaming perhaps of 
 undiscovered realms of measureless wealth which 
 might lie in the path of his vessels. He returned 
 
Careers of tbe Cabots xxiii 
 
 four years later with a broken-down fragment of his 
 expedition, distrusted and discredited, having accom- 
 plished nothing which seemed to his contemporaries 
 important or praiseworthy. He had discovered only 
 one thing — that he was not qualified for the leader- (182) 
 ship of a maritime adventure. His usefulness lay in 
 other lines of adlivity. In those lines his ability was 
 so well thought of by the men who had the best 
 opportunities for intimate knowledge of his charadter 
 and attainments, that his failure does not seem to 
 have afFeifbed in any way his position in his profession 
 or in the good opinion of the Emperor and his 
 counsellors. 
 
 Many intricate details of Cabot's expedition to La (10) 
 Plata in 1526 were recorded by contemporary writers, ^23) 
 and it is not an easy task to reduce these to a brief (182) 
 intelligible narrative. From the time when he first (191) 
 entered the Spanish service, Cabot had endeavoured (204) 
 to secure the command of an exploring expedition (430*) 
 under official auspices. One and another difficulty (443) 
 prevented the fruition of his plans, and so he doubt- {528) 
 less welcomed an opportunity of making a voyage to 
 the New World, even though the idea of exploration 
 was subordinated to that of mercantile profit. This 
 opportunity came in the form of a trading venture 
 supported by Spanish merchants. The successful 
 return of Magellan's " Vittoria," completing the first 
 circumnavigation of the globe, suggested to a number 
 of Sevillian merchants that a voyage to the Spice 
 Lands might be a profitable venture. A considerable {36^) 
 
xxiv Careers of tbe Cabots 
 
 sum was subscribed towards the speculation, among 
 the partners being the English firm represented by 
 220) Robert Thorne of Bristol. Cabot was engaged for 
 the command, and while the negotiations were in pro- 
 gress he succeeded in interesting the king, who agreed 
 to join in the enterprise. Charles V. seems to have 
 sympathized with Cabot's exploring ambitions, and 
 (79) one result of the royal participation was that Cabot 
 177) apparently received secret orders or authorization to 
 search for a shorter passage to the East, north of the 
 Straits of Magellan. The original partners soon 
 learned of these ulterior designs, and as practical 
 business men they promptly undertook to supersede 
 Cabot in the chief command. The expedition was 
 properly theirs, and their interests demanded that it 
 should be in charge of a person who could be trusted 
 to prosecute the voyage to a profitable outcome. 
 The king persistently refused to displace Cabot, and 
 the merchants therefore tried to secure the appoint- 
 ment of a satisfactory second-in-command, with suf- 
 ficient authority to counteradt the explorer's zeal. 
 These propositions were steadfastly opposed at the 
 court, and in reply to them royal orders were Issued 
 requiring that all who sailed on the expedition should 
 bind themselves stridly to obey and support the com- 
 mander. The bad feeling which inevitably resulted 
 from this initial lack of sympathy and cordial co-opera- 
 tion—doubtless increased by Cabot's foreign birth and 
 breeding — go far to explain the subsequent course of 
 events. 
 
Careers of tbe Cabots xxv 
 
 Sebastian Cabot sailed from San Lucar de Barra- 
 meda, 13 April, 1526, commissioned to the discovery (67) 
 of Tarsis, Ophir, and the Eastern Cathay. He went (79) 
 to the Cape Verde Islands for provisions, and then (83) 
 direfted his pilots to steer south-west. The result (177) 
 was, as the modern Admiralty charts would have 
 shown him, that his ships entered the South Atlantic 
 zone of calms and baffling winds at its widest part. 
 It was the end of June when, with stores exhausted 
 and tempers broken by weeks of heat and inadlivity, 
 they came to land on the coast of Brazil. After re- (178) 
 filling the water-casks and securing fresh provisions 
 at Pernambuco, the voyage was resumed, but at Cape 
 St. Augustin — Cape Frio — they ran into contrary 
 winds, which foiled every effort to round the cape for 
 ten or twelve weeks. In the meantime, while they 
 were delayed at the Portuguese settlements on the 
 coast, the sailors heard that it was reported that 
 quantities of gold and silver were to be found near 
 the head waters of the Rio de Solis, which was soon 
 to receive its present name of La Plata, the silver river. 
 When, towards the end of September, the vessels at 
 last succeeded in passing the cape, Cabot diredled their 
 course close in along the shore, with the hope that he 
 might meet European settlers thereabouts who could 
 give him additional definite information in regard to 
 the treasure land. He continued this course for a 
 month of storms and mishaps, until the fleet came to 
 the island of Santa Catalina or Catharina, where he 
 decided to land and refit. As the flagship was trying 
 
xxvi Careers of tbe Cabots 
 
 12) to enter the harbour, she ran upon a submerged rock, 
 and had to be abandoned, ship and cargo proving 
 31) almost a total loss. It was afterwards alleged, and 
 not denied, that Cabot was the first person to leave 
 23) the ship after she struck the rock, and the complete- 
 ness of the wreck was ascribed to the demoralization 
 of the crew caused by this aftion on the part of their 
 commander. This misfortune resulted in a further 
 delay of fifteen weeks, while a new boat was being 
 built to replace the sunken flagship. On the island 
 several Spaniards, who had been left behind there by 
 earlier expeditions, had established themselves as per- 
 manent settlers. Two of these men had been with 
 de Solis twelve years before when he made the first 
 European voyage up La Plata river, Cabot engaged 
 these men to guide him to those regions where, they 
 assured him, large quantities of gold and silver were 
 to be found. As soon as this arrangement was 
 27) announced, implying the definite abandonment of 
 30) the original objedb of the voyage, there was an out- 
 36) break of violent disputes between the commander 
 and the officers to whom the SeviUian merchants had 
 intrusted their interests. It quickly became evident 
 that nothing could be accomplished while these sub- 
 ordinates were in a position to discredit the authority 
 of the commanding officer, hampering all his aftions 
 and stirring up trouble of every sort. As soon as 
 the fleet got under way again, therefore, Cabot had 
 the troublesome individuals arrested. Despite the 
 fadt that some of them were sick with fever, he 
 
Careers of tbe Cabots xxvii 
 
 summarily set them ashore, and sailed away, leaving 
 them with a small supply of provisions and firearms. 
 They succeeded in making friends with the natives 
 thereabouts, and eventually found their way to the 
 Portuguese settlements towards the north. 
 
 About the end of February, 1527, Cabot entered 
 the estuary of La Plata. The next six months were 
 spent in exploring the lower portion of the river, and 
 in building a headquarters fort on the western bank. 
 Here he left his larger vessels, while he ascended the 
 stream with two small boats. At a point about fifty (430*) 
 leagues up the Parana, he found a suitable location 
 for another fort, which was built during December. 
 Starting again on Christmas Eve, he soon found that 
 the main stream came from the eastward. Inasmuch 
 as all the reports agreed that the land of gold and 
 silver was toward the west, Cabot turned back to a 
 large tributary, the Paraguay, which flowed from that 
 direftion. Meantime, time and temper had been lost 
 through the necessity of chastising some of the natives 
 who proved themselves unfriendly to his progress. 
 As the party advanced up the new stream, their pro- 
 visions began to fail, and the unwilling natives could 
 not be induced to assist In securing additional supplies. 
 Frequent desertions had also weakened the force, be- 
 sides bringing about further troubles with the natives, 
 who were robbed and otherwise abused by the rene- 
 gade Spaniards. In the face of constantly increasing 
 difficulties, Cabot led his men forward into a region 
 which showed no signs of anything to revive their 
 
ixviii Careers ot tbe Cabots 
 
 hopes or to brighten the dimming prospers of fame 
 and fortune. 
 
 At last a few Indians approached the disheartened 
 strangers, and ofFered to show them where food could 
 be secured. Thirty men were detailed to follow these 
 guides, who led them direftly into an ambush, where 
 nearly two-thirds of the party were killed outright, 
 and eight or ten others seriously wounded. Two or 
 three survivors found their way back to the main 
 party and told the story of the disaster. Realizing 
 the hopelessness of further effort Cabot condudbed 
 what was left of his force safely down the river to 
 the fort on the Parana. Here he reorganized his 
 followers while the men were regaining their strength 
 and spirits, and as soon as they were fit to resume 
 campaigning, he started up the river once more to 
 punish the natives by whom he had been so treacher- 
 ously repulsed. Before he could accomplish this 
 purpose, however, messengers from the lower fort 
 6) brought him the news that Diego Garcia had arrived 
 8) in the river with an expedition which had been sent 
 out from Spain for the purpose of continuing the 
 explorations begun in this region by de Solis. Cabot 
 immediately went down to meet Garcia, with whom 
 he had a long conference, regarding which both 
 parties were afterwards curiously reticent. Early on 
 the following morning Garcia proceeded up river, 
 " without taking leave " — whatever this phrase in 
 Cabot's report may mean — while Cabot withdrew his 
 entire force to the headquarters fort at San Salvador, 
 
Careers of tbe Cabots xxix 
 
 established two years before. Here he prepared his (22) 
 official report, while overseeing the proper equipment 
 of the " Trinidad," one of his larger vessels, for the 
 voyage to Spain. The "Trinidad" sailed about the (191) 
 middle of July, 1528, carrying an urgent application (427) 
 for fresh supplies and for such assistance as would 
 enable him to continue the explorations. She reached 
 Lisbon in Odtober, and the letters were promptly pre- (147) 
 sented to the king and to the Sevillian merchants. The 
 latter quickly made up their minds to have nothing 
 more to do with the venture. The king ordered that 
 the necessary relief should be dispatched without delay 
 at the expense of the royal treasury. These orders 
 were apparently never carried out. 
 
 Sebastian Cabot spent the winter of 1528-29 at his 
 fort at San Salvador, hopefully awaiting the arrival 
 of reinforcements from Spain. As time wore on he 
 decided to do what he could with the force at his 
 disposal. He therefore transferred his headquarters to 
 the fort eredled at Sanfti Spiritus on the Parana, where 
 the natives welcomed him with every sign of friend- 
 liness. As soon as the men were settled here, Cabot 
 went down the river to see that everything at the 
 lower fort had been left in proper shape. While he 
 was away, the natives — doubtless afting under provo- 
 cation — suddenly attacked the camp at Sandti Spiritus, 
 burning the buildings and killing most of the de- 
 fenders. The survivors escaped to their boats and 
 hurried down stream to rejoin their leader. Cabot at 
 once colledled his men, reorganized the fugitives, and 
 
XXX Careers of tbe Cabots 
 
 led them back to SancSli Spiritus. Here the mangled 
 bodies of their fellows were recovered and buried, 
 and such property as the natives had been unable to 
 remove was embarked on the boats. With his small, 
 debilitated, and unnerved force, retaliation was im- 
 possible, and so Cabot condudbed his men down to 
 San Salvador. His position at this fort soon became 
 untenable. The news of the success on the Parana 
 spread rapidly among the natives, who gathered in 
 increasing numbers about the Spanish camp, investing 
 it so closely that starvation became imminent. Nearly 
 thirty of the white men were killed while trying to 
 fish or forage for roots. A council called on 6 Odto- 
 ber, 1529, promptly decided to return to Spain. A 
 month later, after waiting as long as he dared for a 
 party which had failed to return from a trip in search 
 of provisions for the voyage, Cabot, with the re- 
 mainder of his companions, sailed out from La Plata 
 and headed for Spain. Garcia, who came down to 
 bid him adieu, lent a little assistance, and sufficient 
 supplies were secured from the Indians along the 
 coast to enable the voyagers to reach the Portuguese 
 settlements. After various adventures along the 
 Brazilian coast, including the purchase of a batch of 
 slaves — the only booty Cabot delivered to his em- 
 (2) ployers in Seville — a good passage brought his ship 
 
 to the Guadalquivir on 22 July, 1530. 
 10) The passions and quarrels which had been sup- 
 12) pressed during the voyage broke out violently as 
 23) soon as Cabot's authority was superseded by the 
 
Careers of tbe Cabots xxxi 
 
 jurisdidtion of the ofEcials who took charge of (2^) 
 the vessel upon its arrival in the home port. As 
 soon as possible after landing, several members of the 
 expedition took the necessary legal steps to prefer 
 charges against their commander. For more than 
 three months the scribes of the Council for the Indies 
 were busied with drawing up accusations and lists of 
 interrogations, and with recording answers and deposi- 
 tions. These documents furnish almost all the details 
 that are now known regarding the internal history of 
 the expedition, together with some of the reasons for 
 its failure. The hearings dragged on for a year and 
 a half before all the appeals had been decided. Cabot 
 was eventually adjudged guilty of maladministration 
 and of disobedience of his official instrudions, result- 
 ing in the death of certain of his followers. He was, 
 therefore, muldted in heavy fines, to be paid to the (67*) 
 relids of the sufi^erers, and was sentenced, i February, (37) 
 1532, to banishment for two years, or perhaps for 
 four, to the Spanish military colony at Oran in 
 Morocco. Cabot had in the meantime resumed the 
 exercise of his duties as Pilot-major of Spain, and 
 despite the judgment against him there is no evidence 
 that he did not continue undisturbed in this office. 
 His salary was stopped for the payment of the fines, (67*) 
 but in lieu thereof he received allowances from time 
 to time by special royal bounty. Domestic troubles (38) 
 were aggravated by attacks upon the administration 
 of his office, but there is nothing to show that either 
 interfered with the successful prosecution of his 
 
xxxii Careers of tbe Cabots 
 
 (40) career. In the spring of 1533 he was engaged in 
 
 construding a planisphere for the Council of the 
 
 Indies. During the succeeding ten years very little is 
 
 (173) heard of him. In 1544 and 1545 he was still ading 
 
 (69) as the official head of the pilots of Spain. 
 
 The Spanish historians, cognizant of their national 
 (348) charaderistics, have been the first to suggest the pro- 
 bability that Sebastian Cabot, a foreigner in high 
 position, found his work made difficult by a lack of 
 confidence and co-operation on the part of his Spanish 
 associates and subordinates. It may have been some 
 unusually irritating exhibition of this feeling of 
 (231) jealousy which induced him, in 1538, to suggest to 
 the English ambassador in Spain that he was ready to 
 re-enter the English service provided he could do so 
 (65) to his personal advantage. It is barely possible that 
 he went to England three years later, and spent some 
 time there in an effort to come to terms with King 
 Henry VIII. for an expedition to the Ardic regions. 
 This, however, is entirely a matter of conjecture. It 
 (100) is not made less possible by the fadt that, in 1548, 
 (loi) Cabot transferred his person and his services to the 
 English crown. The councillors of King Edward 
 (99) VI. granted him a pension or salary, and it is pre- 
 sumed that in return for this he exercised the funftions 
 (4) of adviser in maritime affairs to the Admiralty Office 
 of that day. He established his home, apparently, 
 (535) once more in Bristol, and passed the last decade of 
 his life without again leaving England. 
 
 Cabot's return to England was presumably the 
 
Careers of tbe (Eabots xxxiii 
 
 result of negotiations carried on while he was in the 
 full enjoyment of his position as Pilot-major of Spain. 
 It is clear that Charles V. received no notice of any 
 intention on Cabot's part to desert the Spanish ser- 
 vice permanently. In 1549, and again in 1553 after (71) 
 the accession of his prospeftive daughter-in-law. Queen (74) 
 Mary, the Emperor urged upon the English govern- (102) 
 ment his claims to the services of Cabot. He also 
 tried to persuade his former servant to return by 
 personal solicitation, but without success. Cabot 
 avoided a direft refusal, and the charafteristic letter (59) 
 which he wrote in reply to the overtures made in 
 1553 seems to reveal an instindlive desire to maintain (72) 
 his relations with everyone whose assistance or patron- 
 age might by any change of fortune become useful to 
 him. 
 
 Although Cabot gave the most definite expression 
 of his determination never to leave England for Spain, 
 he apparently reopened the negotiations with Venice (228) 
 which had come to nought twenty-five years before. 
 As before, the business was ostensibly connected with 
 his claims to property which came to him from his 
 mother, and the success with which this claim was 
 urged upon the Spanish and now upon the English 
 representatives in Venice gives some reason for sup- (223) 
 posing that it had a foundation in fadt. As before, 
 also, the reports of the affair are inextricably confused 
 with propositions looking toward the maritime rejuve- 
 nation of Venice. It is not impossible, in these very 
 dubious proceedings, that Cabot's desire to desert his 
 
xxxiv Careers of tbe Cabots 
 
 employers may have held no larger place in his mind 
 
 than an equally ardent desire to enlist the Venetian 
 
 officials in the task of recovering his .inheritance. 
 
 (4) There are few records to show what Sebastian Cabot 
 
 (122^) did in England, except those which prove that he 
 
 (.^ij") drew his salary regularly, until the spring of 1553, 
 
 (137) when he became Governor of the Merchants Adven- 
 
 (103) turers. There can be little doubt that he had pre- 
 
 (58) viously participated in the affairs of the Company, 
 
 (411) especially in the conflidb with its Easterling rivals of 
 
 {447) the Steelyard in 1551. He must also have taken a 
 
 (295) very adtive part in the work of getting ready for the 
 
 (122) sailing, on 20 May, 1553, of the vessels commanded 
 
 (81) by Willoughby and Chancellor. Cabot drew up the 
 (58) instrudlions for their voyage, taking as a model the 
 
 (447) regulations given to Spanish navigators and explorers 
 while he was connedted with that department of the 
 
 (82) Spanish service. This voyage to the north-east under 
 Chancellor was really the beginning of successful, 
 consecutive English maritime expansion, and from his 
 
 (256) share in it has very justly been derived Cabot's claim 
 
 (452) to a place among the Builders of Greater Britain. 
 
 Chancellor returned to England in due season, having 
 
 established friendly relations with the court and the 
 
 northern trading centres of Russia. After waiting 
 
 two years for the return of Willoughby, who had 
 
 separated from his consort soon after their voyage 
 
 (18) began, a search expedition was sent out in the spring 
 
 (195^) of 1556 under Stephen Burrough. Cabot was actively 
 
 interested in the preparations for this voyage. He 
 
Careers of tbe Cabots xxxv 
 
 attended all the ceremonies connefted with the depart- 
 ure of Burrough's vessel, and the dehghtful descrip- (i8) 
 tion of his parting blessing to the mariners affords the 
 last full view — and indeed the only one — of the old 
 cartographer and cosmographer. Not long after this, 
 Richard Eden attended him upon his deathbed. In (97) 
 the late autumn of 1557 Sebastian Cabot received his (169) 
 pension for the last time, and started off to the un- 
 known region which each man must discover for 
 himself, where the prejudices, the jealousies, and the (39^) 
 ignorances of contemporaries and of historians alike 
 give place to the eternal record of things as they are. 
 
CABOT CONTROVERSIES. 
 
 ^HE careers of the Cabots, as they have been 
 described on the preceding pages, diiFer 
 in many essential respeds from the pre- 
 vailing notions in regard to the events 
 and the men that have figured in the narrative. It 
 would be unwise to claim that the present effort has 
 been more successful than others — that it is a truer 
 or more accurate account of what was actually done 
 by John and Sebastian Cabot between 1460 and 1560. 
 It may, however, be safely stated that this narrative 
 has been written with a most earnest desire to make 
 it fair to human nature and true to the faAs of 
 history. It is based upon one fundamental considera- 
 tion — one which does not seem to have appealed 
 strongly to many who have previously written about 
 this subjedt — a conception of Sebastian Cabot as an 
 historical personage, not dissimilar in the abstract or 
 in the concrete from other men of the past and the 
 present. 
 
 There are few statements on the preceding pages 
 
Cabot Controversies xxxvii 
 
 which have not been controverted diredtly or by 
 implication by other writers who have studied the (457) 
 history of the Cabots. In the paragraphs which (47 J ) 
 follow, an outline is given of the points in dispute in 
 the more important Cabot controversies. These 
 brief statements are not written for the purpose of 
 justifying the preceding narrative. They are designed 
 to furnish a sufficient guide to the more important 
 matters noted in connexion with the books and essays 
 described in the second part of the ensuing Biblio- 
 graphy, and to provide a convenient means of refer- 
 ence to the works which discuss the various subjefts 
 from different points of view. The notes under the 
 titles in the Bibliography aim to state as clearly as 
 possible in brief compass the more plausible conten- 
 tions of the several advocates. Each of the follow- 
 ing paragraphs ought, in addition to the references 
 given therewith, to refer to the pages of Mr. Henry 
 Harrisse's works, especially to the volume described as 
 No. 387. An intelligent examination of the text of 
 that volume will materially help the reader to under- 
 stand the comments and the opinions set forth in this 
 present essay. 
 
 John Cabot's Birthplace has been a subjedt for 
 controversy between the advocates of Venice and (458) 
 Genoa for more than a century. The Venetians, (461) 
 especially those who claimed that Cabot was born in (290) 
 Chioggia, or in some other outlying suburb of the (335) 
 Adriatic city, seemed to have much the best of the (460) 
 
xxxviii Cabot Controversies 
 
 (224) argument, even after the discovery of the document 
 which proves that Cabot was admitted as a stranger 
 
 (387) to Venetian citizenship, until 1896, when Mr. 
 (7) Harrisse showed conclusively that the contem- 
 
 (119) poraries of Cabot who knew him most familiarly, 
 regularly spoke and wrote of him as a Genoese by 
 birth. The suggestion, based upon a variant of the 
 
 (190) name, that Castiglione near Genoa was the place of 
 Cabot's birth and boyhood's friends, including the 
 one who afterwards became his barber or surgeon, is 
 chiefly interesting because it has not yet been dis- 
 
 (496) credited by the advocates of other localities. 
 
 The Danish Mission undertaken by John Cabot 
 (236) for the purpose of arranging some matters which 
 (473) were in dispute between the king or people of 
 (490) Denmark and the shipping merchants of Bristol and 
 other English ports is neither impossible nor unlikely. 
 The evidence upon which the accounts of this mission 
 are based, however, is not of the slightest historical 
 value. Nothing has been found among the fifteenth- 
 century archives in England or Denmark which 
 furnishes any confirmation of the story that Cabot 
 was employed upon such a mission. 
 
 The Date of the Discovery is no longer a 
 
 (388) subjedt of more than academic interest, Richard 
 (128) Hakluyt in 1589 stated that Cabot discovered 
 (131) Bacallaos in 1494 ; ten years later he changed this 
 
 date to 1497. For 250 years the principal authority 
 
Cabot Controversies xxxix 
 
 which persuaded Hakluyt to make this change could 
 not be found by historical investigators, and when it 
 was finally recovered in 1843, it seemed to prove (39) 
 that the corred: date was 1494. None the less, 
 despite the fadt that students are still obliged to rely 
 largely upon inference for an explanation of the pre- (55") 
 cise reasons which induced Hakluyt to make the 
 correction, they are very generally agreed that the 
 discovery was made in the year 1497. The fadt that 
 the 1 544 Cabot map recovered in 1 843 gives the date 
 as 1494, apparently upon the authority of Sebastian (55^^) 
 Cabot, is explained by an assumption that the date on (55*) 
 that map is misprinted. This recognition by con- (446) 
 servative Cabotian students that misprints occur and 
 must be taken into account in historical investigations, 
 has made it possible for an Italian scholar to argue (539) 
 with much earnestness that the date 1497 is in its 
 turn a misprint, or a copy of a misprint, in every case 
 where it appears in Cabotian literature. 
 
 The various sources of information which were lost 
 sight of between the sixteenth and the nineteenth cen- 
 turies were not absolutely necessary for the prepara- 
 tion of a clear and accurate statement of the adbual (292) 
 fadts in regard to the date of John Cabot's discovery. 
 Unluckily, such a statement was prepared and pub- 
 lished for the first time in connexion with an inter- 
 national diplomatic negotiation. This led to the 
 preparation of a controversial reply which so success- 
 fully utilized all the resources of fallacious logic 
 and of sophistical reasoning as applied to historical 
 
 d 
 
xi Cabot Controversies 
 
 (457) evidence that for more than a century, the fadbs which 
 had been corredbly set forth in 1755 were not again 
 accurately understood by any of the men who honestly 
 endeavoured to discover their meaning, 
 (39) The recovery of the 1544 Cabot map in 1843 
 brought to light a clear and authoritative statement 
 
 (5£*^ that the discovery was made in 1494. No sufficient 
 
 reasons for doubting the correctness of this date 
 
 (15) existed until documents were found in the Venetian 
 
 archives, ten years later, which prove conclusively 
 
 (183) that the discovery was adbually made in the year 
 
 (190) 1497. The same documents state that a second ex- 
 pedition started for America in 1498, and also that 
 (7) Bristol mariners had apparently been making tenta- 
 
 (219) tive voyages into the Atlantic under Cabot's direction 
 during several years preceding 1497. These records 
 render it difficult to deny with any confidence the con- 
 tention of those who maintain, however erroneously, 
 that something was discovered in 1494 which assured 
 success to the venture of 1497. 
 
 (319) The Location of the Landfall has been the 
 (393) subjeft of an animated controversy which has obscured 
 (453) almost every other aspedt of the discovery during the 
 (426) past twenty years. The fadb that the Newfoundland 
 ( 1 70) coast is usually the first land sighted by sailing vessels 
 (413) coming from Europe to the North American seaports 
 (49 1 ) seems at first to make this the most probable location for 
 (496) the Cabot landfall. It is likely, however, that Cabot 
 (573) endeavoured to sail westward from Ireland. Such a 
 
Cabot (Tontroversies xii 
 
 course would have taken him, if he passed the (332') 
 southern point of Greenland, on to the Labrador (417) 
 coast. Labrador, therefore, would unquestionably (473) 
 have been accepted by historians as the place for the 
 Cabot landfall, if John Cabot's descriptions of the 
 country which he visited had never been recovered. 
 These descriptions establish beyond reasonable doubt 
 that the country to which they refer cannot have been 
 as far north as Labrador. This conclusion is in con- (174) 
 flidt with the evidence of the maps, which describe (157) 
 the most northern portion of the American continent (198) 
 as the region discovered by Englishmen. This carto- (201") 
 graphical evidence may be disregarded the more (218) 
 easily if, as seems probable, all of these maps were (229) 
 drawn after the date of another English voyage 
 commanded by a Cabot, which attained to the north- 
 western limit of navigation. 
 
 Cape Breton is distindtly marked on the 1544 (316) 
 Cabot map as the place where Cabot made his first (319) 
 landfall, and there is strong confirmatory evidence to (470*) 
 support the correctness of this location. (507) 
 
 Mathematical Demonstrations have been in- 
 dulged in most elaborately by some of the advocates (3 8 9) 
 of theories, but this sort of argument does not possess (393) 
 the slightest value for historical purposes, because (303) 
 there is absolutely nothing upon which to establish 
 the premises. Not knowing any of the primary 
 fadors of the problem, it is not possible to apply to 
 its elucidation any of the rules of an exadt science. 
 
xiii Cabot Controversies 
 
 (3^^) There is a real value in the suggestion that Cabot 
 may have been drawn toward the south-west by the 
 variation between the magnetic and the geographical 
 poles. This point, together with the reminder that 
 the prevailing climatic and oceanic conditions of 
 winds, tides, and currents must be taken into account, 
 is interesting as showing how many factors need to be 
 considered by a careful student of history. Each of 
 these factors carries in its train the possibility of ex- 
 ceptional conditions, peculiar to any single day or 
 season, which may as easily have altered the whole 
 course of a voyage in 1497 as at any other time. 
 
 The Voyage of 1498 has been the subjedt of 
 (146') almost as many different narratives as there are 
 (238) recent books about the Cabots. The proof that this 
 (303) voyage was contemplated is ample; there is sufficient 
 (395) evidence that the vessels sailed from England; but 
 (473) there is not a single unquestionable record of its fate 
 after it left the Irish coast. There are a number of 
 accounts of undated Cabot voyages in the sixteenth- 
 century books. It was supposed that these described 
 the voyage of 1494 or 1497 until fifty years ago, 
 when the accounts of what actually took place in the 
 latter year were found at Venice. Thereupon the 
 undated accounts were all fitted on to the voyage of 
 1498. The hopeless confusion which resulted may 
 perhaps be untangled by applying certain of these 
 narratives to a voyage made in 1508. 
 
 John Cabot died : how, when, or where is not 
 
Cabot Controversies xUii 
 
 known. His pension was paid from the royal treasury 
 in 1499; if John Cabot drew it in person, he must 
 have returned from the voyage of 1498, The 
 assumption that he did so, however, is the merest 
 conjedture. 
 
 Sebastian Cabot was born, in all probability, 
 while his father was a resident of Venice. Sebastian 
 claimed Venice as his birthplace, but as he is also 
 reported to have said that he was born in Bristol, 
 England, it is not possible to place any strong reliance 
 upon his testimony. His mother was a Venetian, 
 and it may perhaps be a legitimate inference from his 
 repeated efforts to make good his claims to property 
 inherited from her that her family had some standing 
 in the city. Sebastian was a very old man in 1555, 
 and as he was probably more than twenty-one years 
 of age in 1496, it is quite likely that he was born 
 before 1475. 
 
 395) 
 
 339) 
 
 142) 
 
 188) 
 
 194) 
 
 306) 
 
 96) 
 
 308) 
 
 183) 
 
 438) 
 
 500) 
 
 439) 
 498) 
 
 97) 
 ^36) 
 458) 
 
 Sebastian's Participation in the Voyages of (469) 
 1497 *ND 1498 is a matter of absolute uncertainty. 
 The probabilities — to hazard a personal opinion — are 
 that he was not one of the eighteen persons who 
 accompanied his father in 1497. There is no reason 
 to suppose that anyone who sailed in the following 
 year ever returned, with the exception of those who 
 were on the ship which was driven back to the Irish 
 coast. In 1502-3 Sebastian's name is associated with 
 the presentation of some natives of America at the (212) 
 
xiiv Cabot Controversies 
 
 English court. It seems to be a reasonable supposi- 
 tion that these natives were not in any way conneifted 
 with any of John Cabot's voyages, but that they were 
 brought to England by an expedition which was fitted 
 (219) out by the Bristol merchants Thorne and Eliot. 
 Sebastian Cabot may have taken part in this voyage, 
 regarding the details of which nothing is known. 
 
 An Arctic Voyage in 1508-9 apparently sailed 
 under the command of Sebastian Cabot. This voyage 
 
 (159) ^^® described by Peter Martyr in 15 16 and 1524, 
 
 (160) and with more details by Contarini in 1536. These 
 (80) accounts early became confused with the records of 
 
 (217) John Cabot's voyage of discovery, and only recently 
 (48) has the confusion been sufficiently disentangled to 
 
 (566) permit such a rearrangement of these sources of trust- 
 ( 96 ) worthy information as will reveal their proper relation 
 
 (533) t° ^^'^^ other and to the fadts of history. 
 
 The Voyage with Pert or Spert in 15 17 has 
 
 (128) been a subjedt of much perplexity. The date rests 
 
 (221) solely on an assumed play upon words by Richard 
 
 (95) Eden. Inasmuch as no other reference to the voyage 
 
 (520) has been found, it is suggested that the vessels may 
 
 not have sailed, but that some sort of an expedition 
 
 may have been contemplated at about this time. 
 
 (14'') Sebastian did not visit England in 15 17, and Mr. 
 
 (387) Harrisse has arranged evidence to prove that Spert 
 
 was in England throughout this year, and could not 
 
 have been absent on any distant voyage. There is, 
 
Cabot Controversies xiv 
 
 however, nothing to show that he may not have 
 engaged, or talked of engaging, on a voyage with 
 Cabot in some other year between 1509 and 1522. 
 
 The proposed English Expedition of 1521 
 almost certainly did hot sail, although the plans and (94) 
 preparations for a considerable expedition seem to (408) 
 have beenverynearlycompleted in that year. Informa- (S^^) 
 tion in regard to this venture is for the present limited 
 to a single document of a strongly partisan charadter, 
 which has been interpreted by modern writers in a 
 spirit of equal partisanship. 
 
 Interest in the venture itself has been subordinated 
 to an effort to prove that the evidence of this docu- 
 ment completely destroys the good character of " a 
 certain Sebastian " who was to have the charge of this 
 voyage, which certain London merchants wished to 
 prevent. The avowedly prejudiced charader of the 
 document, and of the use which has been made of it 
 by the professed detradlor of Sebastian Cabot, renders 
 serious detailed discussion of it difficult, and perhaps 
 unnecessary. The document clearly animadverts 
 strongly against one Sebastian : there is no reason to 
 suppose that all of its statements are necessarily true, 
 especially in view of the faft that the person against 
 whom they were presumably dire<5led was in all 
 probability not in England at the time to challenge (14'') 
 them. Many of these statements, moreover, may 
 have been true in substance, but they are certainly 
 not true in the sense in which they have been 
 
xivi Cabot dontroversles 
 
 interpreted. The Londoners were opposing a royal 
 scheme — to which the Bristol merchants had already 
 given their loyal support. Among other things the 
 objedlors declared that Sebastian was not an English- 
 man, and that he, who is not known to have claimed 
 that he had ever sailed anywhere except to the Ardtic 
 seas, was not familiar with the localities which the King 
 and Wolsey desired to exploit. It is hard to see 
 wherein these declarations blast Cabot's reputation. 
 
 The Expedition to La Plata in 1526 was 
 confessedly a failure. As such it has not, nor is it 
 (143) likely to become a subjed; of controversy. There 
 (392) is little use in arguing over the share of personal 
 (443) responsibility for the failure which attaches to Sebastian 
 (430) Cabot. There are usually two sides to every question, 
 (220) and if one reads the numerous records of this expedi- 
 tion with a little care, it becomes evident that the 
 commander was persistently and designedly bothered 
 and hampered and interfered with at every step. 
 Neither is there anything to be gained by arguing 
 with those who ignore the fadt that the winds and 
 (133'') currents of the Atlantic were not charted and averaged 
 in 1525. Many things were known then, by a sort 
 of nautical instindt, among practical seamen, which 
 Cabot did not heed. Sebastian Cabot's lot throughout 
 his life seems to have been to find out the things 
 which other men need not and ought not to do. He 
 had proven that the Ardlic seas were not navigable. 
 He proved that gold mines do not flourish on the 
 
Cabot Controversies xi vii 
 
 banks of the Parana. And the people of his time (430*) 
 were satisfied with the proof. 
 
 The task which Cabot undertook in 1526 was 
 obviously one for which he was unfitted. It was clearly (182) 
 far beyond his powers. But it is not on this account 
 equally obvious that the responsibility for the failure 
 was wholly his. He seems to have done what he was 
 told, or at least authorized, to do. There is nothing 
 to show that he did not condudt himself with credit at 
 all times, except in the single instance of the shipwreck. 
 He probably received conflifting instrudtions before 
 he left Spain. He obeyed those which were given 
 him, as there is excellent reason for believing, by the 
 Emperor in person. Charles V. recognized his loyalty, 
 and when the legal decisions went against him, Cabot 
 continued to examine pilots and to construft maps for 
 the Spanish government, although he should have 
 been, according to the legal court records, serving in 
 disgrace with the army in Morocco. The fads of 
 the case seem to be that Sebastian Cabot was the 
 responsible head of a very costly failure. Sevillian 
 merchants had adventured heavily in the enterprise, 
 and relatives of the mutinous subordinates, whom 
 Cabot had forcibly repressed, possessed influence. A 
 propitiatory sacrifice was plainly a necessity. The 
 vidlim was clearly marked out. The Imperial schemes 
 had been proven to have no sufficient basis to justify 
 the change of plan which they had involved — and no 
 loyal servant could think of taking refuge by means 
 of excuses, discredited by himself, to the discrediting 
 
xiviii Cabot Controversies 
 
 of his royal master. Cabot suffered legal condemna- 
 tion, justly; but he was kept in pocket money by 
 royal grace, and he apparently suffered in no other 
 
 way. 
 
 Cabot's Intrigues with Foreign Powers are 
 
 (225) first recorded in 1522. It is not unlikely that they 
 began ten years earlier, when he went to Spain from 
 
 (228) England, which then offered no opportunities for an 
 ambitious praftitioner of navigation and cartography. 
 After 1 530, the Spanish Admiralty was, very naturally, 
 indisposed to entertain the schemes of the foreign 
 pilot-major who had made his record on La Plata. 
 Sebastian Cabot was essentially a man with schemes, 
 with a brain teeming with ideas which needed to be 
 put to the test of adtual trial. If he failed in pradtice, 
 if the world happens not to have been made in just 
 the way he conceived that it should have been, the 
 fault was not entirely his. He had ideas, and in the 
 world as he knew it there was nothing to show that 
 his ideas were impossible of pradtical application. 
 
 Cabot talked much in 1522 and 1523 of serving 
 his native city, Venice. How seriously he contem- 
 plated the adtual transference of his services to that 
 
 (223) city is not at all certain. Twenty-five years later, 
 he went to England to accept a salary from the English 
 government, without notifying his Spanish employers. 
 
 (387) It has been said that he sneaked out of Spain, but 
 there is nothing anywhere in the sources to substantiate 
 such an accusiation. Charles V. unquestionably desired 
 
Cabot Controversies xiix 
 
 to have Cabot return to the Spanish service. Cabot 
 refused every inducement to leave England, but his 
 refusal does not seem to have diminished to any extent 
 the esteem in which he was held by his Imperial friend. 
 No reason has been suggested to explain these repeated 
 efforts to secure his services, except a high appreciation 
 of his qualifications and capacity. 
 
 The Cabot Map of i 544-1 549 began to be a (261) 
 subjeft for discussion and controversy long before the (39) 
 recovery of the extant copy of the original engraving, (55) 
 now in Paris, in 1843. Certain limited portions of 
 the map have since been studied with elaborate (238) 
 pains, but without satisfadlory or convincing results. 
 The chief difficulty has arisen from a persistent de- 
 sire to utilize the evidence of the map for the sup- (316) 
 port of theories, instead of trying to find out the (391) 
 exaft value of this evidence — mainly because this 
 value is very hard to determine. The map now 
 in Paris is the only surviving illustration of the 
 handiwork of a man who was one of the leading {3^9") 
 cartographical authorities of his time, and the con- 
 figuration on this map does not, perhaps, justify his 
 reputation. The difficulty with the commentators, 
 however, seems to be in part that they fail to under- 
 stand why Sebastian Cabot in 1544 knew more than 
 he did in 1497 or in 1530. Trouble also arises from 
 an assumption that Cabot drew with his own hand (41) 
 the manuscript map from which the engraving for 
 the printed map was copied. This is most unlikely, 
 
1 Cabot Controversies 
 
 in view. of what is known regarding his personal 
 charaderistics and his official position. If the evidence 
 of this map is of any value, Cabot was not gifted with 
 noticeable geographical insight. So far as this one 
 specimen of his work is concerned, he seems to have 
 (i8o) taken the material furnished by other map-makers and 
 by the explorers, as the results of their work came to 
 his attention, and to have adapted these to the scheme 
 of configuration applied on his own map. The fadl 
 that his representation of the Newfoundland region, 
 which he may never have visited, and of La Plata, 
 agrees closely with the best maps of earlier dates, 
 merely proves that Cabot was in intelligent communica- 
 tion with the praditioners of his profession in other 
 parts of Europe. 
 
 The Easterlings of the Steelyard, Hanseatic 
 merchants established in London, were deprived of 
 their special privileges in 1 5 5 1 through the efforts of 
 the Company of Merchants Adventurers. Sebastian 
 Cabot had at that time been engaged in the service of 
 the English government for three years. Less than 
 two years later he became Governor of the Merchants 
 Adventurers. It is therefore not unreasonable to 
 
 (535) suppose that he associated himself with that Company 
 at least as early as 1550, and that he took an adlive 
 
 (295) part in all its affairs. It has been stated that Cabot 
 was at the head of the Company during the struggle 
 with the Steelyard Merchants, but the records prove 
 
 (387) that another man held the office of Governor at that 
 
Cabot Controversies h 
 
 period. This, however, is far from proving that Cabot 
 was not aftively interested in the struggle. As a matter 
 of faft, there exists no contemporary evidence conneft- 
 ing his name with this episode, concerning the details 
 of which comparatively little is known at all. The 
 natural inferences are none the less favourable to 
 Cabot's share in the business, even though historical (261) 
 writers have blundered in expressing these inferences. 
 
 The Earliest English Voyages to the North- 
 East were a result of Sebastian Cabot's efforts. In (128) 
 recognition of these efforts he was appointed by royal (133) 
 charter Governor of the Merchants Adventurers for (166) 
 life. He did not sail with these expeditions, and 
 the command devolved upon able men, who knew how 
 to turn to advantage every unexpeded experience. 
 They sailed for Cathay, and found the northern route 
 to Russia. This result is not necessarily a condemna- 
 tion of the man who made the voyages possible. 
 
 Cabot's Pension, or salary, was divided in May, (168) 
 1557, by royal order, between himself and William 
 Worthington. Nothing was said in this new grant ( 1 69) 
 about the proportion either was to receive, and inas- 
 much as Worthington had been in the habit of draw- 
 ing the money on behalf of Cabot during the preceding 
 years, it is very hard to divine the exad: significance 
 of the change in the terms of the royal bounty. 
 
 Worthington became Cabot's literary executor, and (i 25) 
 it is a reasonable surmise that he was Cabot's assistant, (5 1) 
 
lii da&ot Controversies 
 
 or was in some way associated with him in his official 
 duties as a government employe. The story that 
 Worthington was somehow ading as a secret agent 
 of the Spanish government is ingenious, but there is 
 absolutely nothing in the sources of information or of 
 inference to explain why such a story should ever have 
 gained credence. The only fadl connedted with these 
 pension payments to which it seems safe to attach 
 (169^) any meaning, is that in December, 1557, Worthington 
 drew the whole amount of the salary in his own name. 
 The only explanation of this which has been suggested 
 is that Cabot was no longer living. 
 
BIBLIOGRAPHY 
 
CABOT BIBLIOGRAPHY. 
 
 ADAMS (Clement) The newe Nauigation and discouerle 
 
 of the kingdome of Moscouia, by the Northeast, in the 
 
 yeere 1553 • Enterprised by Sir Hugh Willoughbie knight, 
 
 and perfourmed by Richard Chancelor Pilot maior of the 
 
 voyage: Written in Latine by Clement Adams. (i) 
 
 An English version, in Hakluyt, Voyages, 1598, i. 24.3-255. 
 
 " The original Latin is to be found only in the folio edition of 
 
 1600, and in Rerum mosconjiticarum auSore ; — Franco/. 1600, folio, 
 
 p. 143 " — according to Harrisse, Cabot, 34.2, n. 
 
 Adams states that " certaine graue Citizens of London, and men 
 of great wisedome, and carefull for the good of their Countrey, began 
 to thinke with themselues . . . they thereupon resolued vpon a newe 
 and strange Nauigation. And whereas at the same time one Sebas- 
 tian Cabota, a man in those dayes very renowraed, happened to bee 
 in London, they began first of all to deale and consult diligently 
 with him, and after much speech and conference together, it was at 
 last concluded . . . for the search and discouerie of the North- 
 erne part of the world, to open a way and passage to our men for 
 trauaile to newe and vnknowen kingdomes." 
 
 See notes under Cabot, Nos. 39*, 48, 52 and 55^-55" for an 
 account of the map "cut by Clement Adams" and supposed to 
 have been published in London in 1549. (i'') 
 
 AFFONSO (SiMAo) [Letter, dated Sevilha II dagosto 1 530. 
 
 (2) 
 The original manuscript is in Lisbon, Torre do Tombo, Corp. Chron. 
 i. 45, 90, according to Varnhagen, who first printed the letter 
 in his Historia geral do Brazil, — Madrid, 1854, i. 439. 
 
 Reprinted in part in Tarducci, No. 538, pp. 403-404; translated 
 into English in No. 539. 
 
 Dr. Alfonso reports that he witnessed the return of C:ibot from La 
 
 B 
 
Cabot Bibliograpbs 
 
 Plata, and that all but twenty of the two hundred men whom he con- 
 dufled to that country had died of their trials and hardships : e de 
 duzentos homens que leuou nao tras vyte que todos los outras dyzen 
 que la ficao mortos hums de trabalho e fame outros de guera que 
 eos mouros tiverao por que as frechadas dize que matarao muitos 
 deles. 
 
 ALBERT (EuGENio) Relazioni degli ambasciatori veneti al 
 senato [durante il secolo decimosesto] raccolte, annotate ed 
 edite da Eugenio Alberi a spese di una societa. — Firenze^ 
 i839(-i863). (3) 
 
 8vo, 15 volumes. 
 
 See No. 79 for the Relazioni di Gasparo Contarini, 16 
 Novembre 1525, first printed by Alberi, ist Ser. ii. 9-73. 
 
 ALDAY (James) [Letter to Michael Locke. (4) 
 
 Printed in Hakluyt, Foyages,i\. 319 (pt. ii. 7-8). Reprinted 
 by Arber, No. 6, p. xix. 
 
 Hakluyt calls this letter in his heading : " The orginall of the 
 first voyage for trafKque into the kingdom of Marocco in Barbarie, 
 begun in the yeere 1 55 1 . with a tall ship called the Lion of London, 
 whereof went as captaine Master Thomas Windam . . . which 
 Aldaie professeth himselfe to haue bene the first inuentor of this 
 trade." Alday writes that the reason why he did not make the 
 Barbary voyage when he was " master in the great Barke Aucher 
 for the Leuant " was that " first the very trueth is, that I was from 
 the same voyage letted by the Princes letters, which my Master 
 Sebastian Gabota had obtained for that purpose, to my great griefe." 
 
 \_No author's name] 
 A NEW INTERLUDE and a mery of the 
 
 nature of the .iiij. element^ declarynge many pro 
 per poyntf of phylosophy naturall / and of dyuers 
 straunge landys / and of dyuers straunge efFedtf & 
 causis / &c., &c., &c. (5) 
 
 Small 8vo. Black Letter type. Probably printed in London 
 between 1510 and 1520. The British Museum contains the only 
 original copy of the drama now known, and even that is imperfeft. 
 The fragment consists of thirty-two leaves, sigs. A, B, C, and E, 
 eight leaves each, sig. D and all after E being wanting. 
 
 It has been reprinted in Dodsley, SeUSl ColleSiion of OU English 
 Plays (Hazlitt edition, i. 1-50) ; and by the Percy Society, edited 
 by Halliwell, vol. xxii. — London, 1848. 
 
 The passages containing " the first allusion to the American 
 discoveries yet found in (native) English literature " are on leaves 
 Ci, Cii and Ciij of the original and on pp. 28-3 3 of the Percy Society 
 
Cabot asiblfograpbs 3 
 
 edition. Nicholls, No. 466, pp. 91-98, printed these lines, with 
 the suggestion that " the Experyens therein depifted was none other 
 than Sebastian Cabot himself." They are also reprinted in Arber, 
 No. 6 J BiDDLE, see No. 261 ; Hale in the American Antiquariau 
 Society Traniailians, 21 Oftober, 1865, 29-30; WiNSOR, America, 
 iii. 14-16 ; Beazley, No. 256, 280-282; Payne, No. 472, 239- 
 241. 
 
 A possible conneftion between the fruitless Cabot-Spert voyage 
 (see Eden, No. 95), the Cabot voyage described by Martyr, No, 
 159, or that mentioned by Ramusio, No. 196, and the 
 
 "mai 
 Fals of promys, and dissemblers 
 Which wold take no paine to saile farther 
 Than their owne lyst and pleasure ; " 
 
 has been suggested in No. 566^. The chronological difficulties are 
 discussed by Harrisse, Cabot, 157-167. 
 
 ANGHIERA (Pietro Martire de) or 
 ANGLERIUS (Petrus Martyr) 
 
 See Martyr, Nos. 159-165, the name by which Peter Martyr 
 of Angleria is more commonly known. 
 
 ARBER (Edward) The first Three English books on 
 America. [? I5ii]-i555 a.d. Being chiefly Translations, 
 Compilations, &c., by Richard Eden, From the Writings, 
 Maps, &c., of Pietro Martire, of Anghiera (1455-1526), 
 Sebastian Miinster, the Cosmographer (1489-1552), Sebas- 
 tian Cabot, of Bristol (1474-1557), Grand Pilot of England: 
 With Extraffe, &c., from the Works of other Spanish, 
 Italian, and German Writers of the Time. Edited by 
 Edward Arber. — Birmingham, 22 June 1885. (6) 
 
 4to, 2 T -H pp v-xlviii + 1-408. 
 
 See Eden, Nos. 95-97. 
 
 The justification for the inclusion of Cabot's name on the title 
 would seem to be, as is stated in the preface, p. vi, that " a large 
 portion of what little we do know about Sebastian Cabot, will be 
 found in the notices of him scattered through this volume." 
 
 AYALA (Pedro de) [Dispatch addressed to Ferdinand and 
 
 Isabella by the junior Spanish ambassador in England. — 
 
 London, 25 July, 1498. (7) 
 
 The original manuscript, in cipher, is at Simancas, Patronato 
 
 Real: Capitulaciones con Inglaterra, leg. 2. 
 
 It was deciphered and translated by Bergenr oth, for the Calendar 
 
4 Cabot Biblfograpbs 
 
 of State Papers {Spain), i. 176-177, with the omission of a signi- 
 ficant sentence recovered by Harrisse, in his Cabot, 396. 
 
 Reprinted from Bergenroth by Markham, No. 4.50 ; Beazley, 
 No. Z56 ; Prowse, No. 489 j Nicholls, Bristol, No. 468, iii. 
 296-297; Historical Magazine, xiii. 134-135; and elsewhere. 
 
 A Spanish text is printed by Harrisse, J. et^S. Cabot, 329-330 ; 
 reprinted by Weare, No. 559, pp. 160-163. 
 
 Two paragraphs in this long dispatch dealing with various official 
 and news matters, report that the English king had sent five ships 
 provisioned for one year to explore certain islands and mainland 
 which he was assured had been discovered during the preceding year 
 by an expedition fitted out from Bristol. News had reached London 
 that one ship, in which had sailed " un otro Fai Bull " — perhaps 
 " another friar Bull," referring to the friar who accompanied 
 Columbus, in the same way as Cabot was frequently referred to as 
 " otro genoves como Colon " — had been driven back to Ireland in 
 distress by a great storm. The other vessels were expefted to return 
 in September. 
 
 Ayala reports further that he had seen the map drawn by the dis- 
 coverer, who was "another Genoese like Columbus." He did not 
 send this chart or mapamundi to their Spanish majesties, because he 
 •thought that they were already informed of all the plans of this 
 man, and also of the contents of his map, which Ayala retained. 
 The ambassador suggests that the map may be intended to deceive 
 them into believing that the newly-discovered region was not the 
 same as the islands secured to Spain by the treaty with Portugal (at 
 Tordesillas). See No. 19". 
 
 The discoverer had at one time been in Seville and Lisbon, in 
 hopes of finding some one to help him carry out his plans. In 
 accordance with his ideas — con la fantasia deste Ginoves — Bristol 
 people had fitted out two, three, or four light vessels or caravelas 
 in each of the preceding seven years, to search for the island of (the 
 mediaeval) Brasil and the Seven Cities. See the Introduftion, p. xii. 
 
 This dispatch was summarized in the dispatch, to which it was 
 perhaps appended, of the senior Spanish ambassador to England. 
 Gonzalez de Puebla. See No. 120. 
 
 The difficulties encountered in deciphering this manuscript, which 
 appears not to have been completely translated previously, even by 
 the officials to whom it was originally addressed, are described in a 
 letter printed in W. C. Cartwright, Gusta've Bergenroth, a Me- 
 morial Sketch, — Edinburgh, 1870, pp. 76-77; see also, 205-216. 
 A portion of the dispatch, showing the cipher letters, is reproduced 
 with Mr. Bergenroth's letter to Jared Sparks, dated London, 
 21 Oftober, 1866, printed in the Proceedings of the American Anti- 
 quarian Society, 24 April, 1867, pp. 39-40. (ja) 
 
 BARRERA PEZZI. 
 
 The volume in which the important letter of Raimondo, No. 
 190, was printed for the first time, is described as No. 251, 
 
Cabot Blbliograpbi? s 
 
 BELLEFOREST (FRAN901S de). 
 
 The Cosmographie nmi'verselle , — faris, 1575, is mentioned in the 
 notes to MuNSTER, No. 175. 
 
 BENDELARI (George). 
 
 Mr. Bendelari's translation of the legends on the 1 544 Cabot map 
 is described in the note No. 55°. 
 
 BENEVENTANUS (Marcus). 
 
 See a note under RuyscH, No. 201, for the commentary by 
 Beneventanus on the map in the Rome 1508 edition of Ptolemy's 
 Geography. 
 
 BENZONI (GiROLAMo). 
 
 , ^ See notes under Chauveton, No. 73. 
 
 BERCHET (GuGLiELMo) Fonti Italiani per la storia della 
 scoperta del nuovo mondo raccolte da Guglielmo Berchet. 
 — Roma., MDCccxcii. (8) 
 
 Folio, 2 vols. : 2 T + pp vii-xxxxvii + 1-237 + 6 plates ; 2 T + 
 pp vii-xi + 1-49 s + plate. 
 
 Part III. in the Raccolta di documenti e studi pubblicati dalla R. 
 Commissione Colombiana. 
 
 These two superb volumes contain the pertinent extrafts from all 
 the important documents which connefl the Cabots, and the other 
 heroes of the period of discovery, with Italy. The references to 
 Cabot are coUefted in the Index, ii. 4.64. A document printed 
 herein for the first time is described under Contabini (Marc- 
 ANTONIO), No. 80. 
 
 See Sanuto (Marino), No. 210. 
 
 BERGENROTH (Gustav Adolf) Calendar of letters, 
 dispatches, and state papers, relating to the negociations 
 between England and Spain, preserved in the archives at 
 Simancas and elsewhere, I484(-I543). Edited by G. A. 
 Bergenroth (vols, iii-vi, Pascual de Guayangos). — London, 
 i862(-i895). (9) 
 
 The " Rolls Series" of Spanish papers comprise six volumes in 
 twelve thick folio parts. 
 
 See Ayala, No. 7, and Gonzalez de Puebla, No. 120, for 
 the important Cabot documents which were unknown until they 
 were brought to light by Mr. Bergenroth. 
 
6 Cabot BibliOQrapbs 
 
 BERWICK Y LIRIA, Y DE ALBA (Maria del 
 
 RosARio Talco y Osorio, La Duquesa de) Autografos 
 
 de Cristobal Colon y Papeles de America los publica La 
 
 Duquesa de Berwick y de Alba Condesa de Siruela. — 
 
 Madrid, 1892. (10) 
 
 Folio, 1 T + pp i-v + 1-203 + '° facsimiles. 
 
 This noble contribution to the literature of the Columbian 
 
 anniversary contains, pp. 109-120, the following four documents 
 
 relating to Cabot's La Plata expedition. They form a part of the 
 
 series described under Cabot, Nos. 23-37. 
 
 EJECUTORIO a pedimiento de Isabel Mendez y Francisco 
 Vazquez contra el capitan Sebastian Caboto. — Medina del 
 Campo, 29 Hebrero, 1532. (11) 
 
 This document embodies the two following : 
 
 SENTENCI A dada por los Sefiores del Consejo de las Indias en 
 el pleito entre Catalina Vazquez e sus hijas e el Capitan Sebastian 
 Caboto. — A'vila, ^ ^-aWo, 1531. (ii«) 
 
 SENTENCIA definitiva dada por los Sefiores del Consejo de las 
 Indias en el pleito entre Francisco Vazquez e Isabel Mendez 
 y Sebastian Caboto. — Medina del Campo, 1 Hebrero, 1532. 
 
 (iii) 
 
 INFORMACION pedida por Francisco Leardo y Francisco de 
 Santa Cruz, contra Sebastian Caboto. — Sego'via, 28 Setiembre, 
 1532. (12) 
 
 BESTE (George) A trve discovrse of the late voyages of 
 discouerie, for the finding of a passage to Cathaya, by the 
 Northvveast, vnder the conduct of Martin Frobisher 
 Generall : Deuided into three Bookes. In the first wherof 
 . . . also by the way is sette out a Geographicall descrip- 
 tion of the Worlde, and what partes thereof haue bin dis- 
 couered by the Nauigations of the Englishmen. — London, 
 by Henry Bynnyman, 1578. (13) 
 
 Small 4to, T -f 7 11 -(- pp 1-52 + 1-39 -1- 1-68 + 2 maps. 
 The Epistle Dedicatorie is signed by George Beste. 
 " Sebastian Cabota, being an Englishman, and borne in Bristowe," 
 is mentioned on 1. sig. b. This is repeated on p. 16, with the addi- 
 tional information that he " was by commandement of Kyng Henry 
 the seauenth, in anno. 1508. furnished with Shipping, munition, 
 and men, and sayled along all that traft [whiche nowe is called 
 Baccalaos] pretending to discouer the passage to Cataya, and went 
 alande in many places, and brought home sundry of the people, and 
 manye other things of that Countrey, in token of possession, beeing 
 
Cabot Biblfograpbp 7 
 
 (I say) the firste Christians that euer there sette foote on land." 
 This passage, apparently derived in part from Eden, Nos. 95, 96, 
 also contains statements which suggest the Fabyan Chronicon, No. 
 105, which was not published until several years later than the date 
 of Beste's book. For the date 1508, see the Introduftion, p. xvii, 
 and also Winsor, America, iii. 28-29, and 36, where Mr. J. C. 
 Brevoort gave reasons for believing in a voyage undertaken in that 
 year, and Mr. Deane suggested a clerical or typographical error. 
 
 BREWER (John Sherren) Letters and papers, foreign 
 and domestic, of the reign of Henry VIII. preserved in the 
 public record office, the British Museum, and elsewhere in 
 England, arranged and catalogued by J. S. Brewer. — 
 £fl«(^oK, i862(-i896). (14) 
 
 Twenty-two thick folio volumes of the Rolls Series contain the 
 British state papers dating from 1509 to 1540. The editorial work 
 has been continued, since Mr. Brewer's death, by James Gairdner 
 and R. H. Brodie. 
 
 Two of the entries, published for the first time by Mr. Brewer, 
 establish minor details in the career of Cabot. One, vol. ii. pt. ii. 
 1456, is from "the King's Book of Payments," dated May, 1512 : 
 
 "Sebastian Tabot making of a carde [map] of Gascoine and 
 Guyon, 20J." (i4«) 
 
 The other, vol. vi. 154, is a payment, on 18 February, 1523-4, 
 to John Goderyk of Foly (Fowey) in Cornwall for " his charge, 
 costis and labour conduftyng of Sebastian Cabott master of the 
 Pylotes in Spayne to London " at the request of the testator. Sir 
 Thomas Lovell, 43J. 4^. Unfortunately this gives no clue as to 
 when Cabot paid this visit to London. (14*) 
 
 BRISTOL, England. 
 
 The reports of the colleftors of customs for the port of Bristol, for 
 1497-1499, are described under Kemys, No. 151. 
 
 BROWN (Rawdon) Ragguagli suUa vita e sulle opere di 
 Marin Sanuto detto il juniore veneto patrizio e cronista 
 prege volissimo de secoli xv, xvi. — Venezia, mdcccxxxvii 
 
 (-1838)- (15) 
 
 8vo, 3 vols., 3 T -I- pp 9-250; (i)-258 ; (i)-356 -t- 2 II. 
 The letter of PAsquALiGO, No. 183, was first printed in this 
 work, i. 99-100. There is a note on Cabot's birthplace, i. 217- 
 218. 
 
 An autograph note in the Boston Public Library copy of this 
 work reads : " Mr. Rawdon Brown will gladly show Mrs. R. E. 
 Apthorp what he considers documentary evidence of John Cabot's 
 English origin ; and of his never having come to Venice, (where he 
 married a Venetian woman who bore him Sebastian & his other 
 
8 Cabot Bibliograpbs 
 
 sons) until the year 14.61 . . . Casa della Vida Thursday 2 p.m." 
 A marginal note, i. 100-103, reads: "I printed this in the year 
 1837; but in 1 8 5 5-6, it became manifest thro' documents discovered 
 in the Venice archives . . . that althow John Cabot was a Venetian 
 by adoption, he really owed his birth to England." Such was per- 
 haps a natural dedufiion at first sight of the documents described 
 under Venice, No. 224.. 
 
 BROWN (Rawdon) Notices concerning John Cabot 
 and his Son Sebastian, Transcribed and translated from 
 original Manuscripts in the Marcian Library at Venice. 
 By Rawdon Brown. (16) 
 
 8vo, T + pp 3-26. 
 
 Communicated by Edward Cheyney to the Miscellanies of the 
 Philobihlon Society, vol. ii. No. 7. — London, Whittingham, 1855-6. 
 100 copies printed. 
 
 This privately printed volume contains the earliest English ver- 
 sion of the dispatches of PAsquALiGO, No. 183; CONTARINI, NOS. 
 76, 77 ; and the Council of Ten of Venice, Nos. 225-227. 
 
 Mr. Brown states, p. 14, that he has "not been able to discover 
 any trace of conversations held with Sebastian Cabot by Trevisan, 
 Capello, Querini, Badoer, Pasqualigo, Giustinian, or Surian, who 
 were the Venetian ambassadors in England from 14.97 to 1522." 
 
 BROWN (Rawdon) Calendar of State Papers and Manu- 
 scripts, relating to English affairs, existing in the archives 
 and collections of Venice, and in other Hbraries of northern 
 Italy. Vol. i., 1202-1509. Edited by Rawdon Brown. — 
 London, 1864. (17) 
 
 Folio, T -^ I 1 -I- pp i-clvii -|- 1-39S + 3 facsimiles. 
 
 The Rolls Series of Venetian documents, to 1591, has been con- 
 tinued in nine volumes, 18 64- 18 94.. 
 
 Besides the documents mentioned in the preceding notes, this 
 volume published for the first time the letters described under 
 Navagero, No. 177, and Raimondo, No. 190. 
 
 The real fafts of the Cabot discovery were not generally under- 
 stood by the English reading public until after the appearance of 
 this volume, despite the fail that students had had access for a decade 
 to an English version of these documents in the Philobiblon volume, 
 which was summarized in Notes and S^ueries by Mr. Markland, 
 No. 4.55. 
 
 BULLO (Carlo). 
 
 Most of the significant Cabot documents were printed by Sig. 
 Bullo in his Vera Patria, — Chioggia, 1880, which is described as 
 No. 290. 
 
Cabot BibllograpbB 9 
 
 BURROUGH (Steven) The Nauigation and discouerie 
 toward the riuer of Ob, made by Master Steuen Burrough, 
 Master of the Pinnesse called the Serch-thrift ... in the 
 yere 1556. (18) 
 
 In Hakluyt, /^oya^w, i. 274.-283. ; Goldsmid edition, I'ii. 116- 
 137J PiNKERTON, Voyages, i. 51-61. 
 
 Burrough records that on April 27, 1556, " the right Worship- 
 full Sebastian Cabota came aboord our Pinnesse at Grauesende, . . . 
 and the good olde Gentleman . . . gaue to the poore most liberall 
 almes, . . . And then at the signe of the Christopher, hee and his 
 friends banketted, and made . . . great cheere : and for very ioy 
 ... he entred into the dance himselfe, amongst the rest of the 
 young and lusty company : " p. 274. 
 
 Some misapprehension existed for a time (see Biddle, No. 261, 
 pp. 320-321) because of the heading : Na'vigatione di Sebastiano 
 Cabota, which appears above an Italian version of a log of this 
 voyage, in Ramusio, l^iaggi, ii. 211-219, editions of 1583 and 
 1606. See note to No. 195. The Italian text does not contain any 
 allusion to Cabot's participation in the farewell to the expedition. 
 See the notes under O'Brien, No. 470*. 
 
 CABOT (Elizabeth). 
 
 See note under Mychell, No. 176. 
 
 CABOT (John). 
 
 The only known extant records which may possibly preserve the 
 words of John Cabot are the petitions in response to which the 
 Letters Patent of 5 March, 1496, and 3 February, 1498, were 
 granted by Henry VII., as described under Nos. 136 and 140. 
 
 A map drawn by John Cabot is described by Ayala, No. 7. 
 
 (i9«) 
 
 A map of the world and also a globe " which he had made," are 
 described by Raimondo di Soncino, No. 190 : messer Zoanno 
 ha la descriptione del mondo in una carta, et anche in una sphere 
 solida che lui ha fatto et demostra dove e capitato, et andando versa 
 el levante ha passato assai el paese del Tanais. ('9*) 
 
 A "Coeart" by which Cabot "made himself expert inknowyng 
 of the world " is mentioned in the Fabyan Cronicon, No. 105. 
 
 A painting representing John Cabot and his three sons hangs in 
 the Sala dello Scudo of the Ducal Palace in Venice. It is said to 
 have been painted by the Abbe Francesco Griselini in 1763. It is 
 copied, from a small photograph, in the Nenu England Magazine, — 
 Boston, February, 1898, xvii. 655. (20) 
 
10 Cabot JBiblfograpbg 
 
 CABOT (Sebastian) [Deposition of Sebastian Cabot rela- 
 tive to the latitude of Cape St. Augustin — 13 November, 
 1515. (21) 
 
 Manuscript copy among the Munoz Transcripts, in the Academia 
 de la Historia, Madrid, from a " Registro de copias de cedulas, 
 provisiones, &c. de la Casa de la Contratacion desde 5 de Febrero 
 de 1515 hasta 6 de Marzo de 1519." 
 
 Printed by Navarrete, Coleccion, iii. 319, or Optisculos, i. 66. 
 
 In this document, Cabot declares that he believes in the reliability 
 of certain observations taken by Amerigo Vespucio, which had ac- 
 quired importance during the negociations for determining the line 
 of demarcation between the Spanish and Portuguese spheres of ex- 
 ploration. 
 
 An account of the native tribes with whom Cabot came in con- 
 taft during his expedition to La Plata, and of the natural resources 
 of that region, which is printed in Herrera, Historia, No. 14.3, 
 Dec. iiii. Lib. viii. cap. xi. with the heading : " La relacion que 
 hizo al Rey," may very probably be an extraft from Cabot's official 
 report, quoted in his own words. In the 1730 Barcia edition of 
 Herrera, this extrafl is printed in italics, as a quotation. (22) 
 
 CABOT (Sebastian) Informacion hecha en Sevilla en 
 28 Julio dentro de la nao S'* Maria donde venia Sebastian 
 Caboto, por los oficiales de la Casa de la Contratacion 
 acerca de todo lo ocurrido en su viaje. (23) 
 
 Manuscript in the Archives of the Indies, Seville, P". i-z-J. 
 
 Printed in Harrisse, Cabot, 421-427. 
 
 This document contains the deposition made by Cabot in reply 
 to the charges of mismanagement and criminality brought against 
 him on behalf of those who had suffered from the failure of the 
 expedition to La Plata. 
 
 Similar depositions were made at the same time by Juan de Jimco, 
 Casimir Nuremberguer, and Alonso de Santa Cruz: see Nos. 150, 
 179, 207. 
 
 In addition to the above, Harrisse, Cabot, 412-415, cites the 
 following titles of documents found in the Archives of the Indies at 
 Seville, which relate to the lawsuits which resulted from the diffi- 
 culties that arose during the expedition to La Plata. 
 
 Informacion hecha en el Puerto de San Salvador fecha 2 3 Junio 
 por el Capitan Sebastian Caboto sobre el proceso que comen^o 
 a formar desde 1526 contra Francisco de Roxas, y Martin 
 [Mendez] e Miguel de Rodas, para luego presentado al Con- 
 sejo. (24) 
 
 Paraceres que dieron varios pilotes y capitanes en el puerto de 
 San Salvador en 6 de Oftubre a peticion del Capitan Sebastian 
 
Cabot Bibliograpbs 1 1 
 
 Caboto sobre lo que conviendria hacerse con su armada y que 
 determinacion tomar. (25) 
 
 Informacion hecha en el puerto de San Salvador en 12 de Oftubre 
 por mandado de Sebastian Caboto mediante un ynterrogatorio 
 que prexento tocante a todos los sucesos que pasaron en un 
 armada para luego despues presentada a S. M. (26) 
 
 Requerimiento que hizo Sebastian Caboto a Francisco de Rojasy 
 respuestas de este. En el puerto de San Vincente. (27) 
 
 [Declaracion que dio en el puerto de San Vicente del Brazil sobre 
 las tropelias del general Sebastian Gaboto al capitan Francisco 
 de Rojas por haberse este opuesto a la arribada que hizo al Rio de 
 la Plata, en vez de seguir el viaje de la Especeria al socorro del 
 comendador Loaisa. (This document, which may be the same 
 as No. 27, is cited by Navarrete, Coleccion, i. 30-31, as in 
 Seville, /if^. de Pafeles de la Armada del mar del Sur , 1624-1626 
 anos. It cannot now be found.) (28) 
 
 Informacion hecha en Sevilla 2 de Agosto a peticion de Catalina 
 Vazquez madre de Martin Mendez, y de Isabel de Rodas muger 
 de Miguel de Rodas contra el capitan Sebastian Caboto. (29) 
 
 Informacion hecha en Sevilla a pedimento de Sebastian Caboto 
 en 27 Agosto sobre lo que le sucedio con las rebeliones que 
 tuvo en su armada. (30) 
 
 Dos relaciones de probanzas en el pleito entre Sebastian Caboto 
 y Catalina Vazquez, madre de Martin Mendez, teniente de la 
 expedicion que fue al Maluco al mando de Caboto. (This 
 contemporary summary of the substance of the two preceding 
 documents was exhibited in the Exposicion Americanista at 
 Madrid, 1881.) (31) 
 
 Probanza hecha en Ocafia a peticion del Capitan Francisco de 
 Rojas, en 2 de Noviembre de 1530, con arreglo aun interroga- 
 torio que presento de 26 preguntas, acerca de lo que le sucedio 
 en la armada de Sebastian Caboto y las vegaciones que este lo 
 hizo. (32) 
 
 Acusacion del Fiscal Villalobos contra Sebastian Caboto por los 
 ecesos cometidos con la gente de mar y perdida de la armada 
 de la Especeria y en virtud de Real Cedula. Receptoria de 6 
 de Oftubre 1530. (33) 
 
 Informacion presentada por Isabel de Rodas viuda del piloto 
 Miguel de Rodas acerca de la muerte que occasiono Sebastian 
 Caboto. Fecha en Sevilla 3 Enero. (34) 
 
 Informacion hecha en Sevilla en 21 Julio presentada por el 
 capitan Sebastian Caboto para el pleito que siguio contra 
 Francisco de Rojas. (35) 
 
 Informacion hecha en Sevilla en 16 Agosto 1531, y presentada 
 por Isabel de Rodas contra Sebastian Caboto. (36) 
 
12 Cabot Bibliograpbs 
 
 Sentencia definitiva dada por los Seiiores del Consejo de las Indias 
 en el pleito entre el Capitan Francisco de Rojas y Sebastian 
 Caboto. Medina del Campo, i Febrero 1532. (37) 
 
 Four additional documents belonging to this series are cited under 
 Berwick y Alba, Nos. 10-12. 
 
 GABOT (Sebastian) [Letter to Juan de Samano — Sevilla 
 (24 June) 1533. (38) 
 
 Autograph original manuscript in the Archives of the Indies, ' 
 Seville, Est. 143, Caj. 3, Leg. z. Copied, in Munoz Transcripts, 
 Madrid, Ixxix. fol. 287. 
 
 There is a facsimile of the autograph copy in Harrisse, Cabot, 
 429 ; reproduced in Scribner's Magazine, — NeiJj York, July, 1897, 
 xxii. 69. 
 
 Printed in Tarducci, No. 539; Beklin R. Acad. Historia, — 
 Madrid, April, 1893, xxii. 348-350, see Peres, No. 476; Raccolta 
 di documenti, R. Commissione Colombiana, — Roma, 1892, III. ii. 
 396-397, see Berchet, No. 8. 
 
 Translated by Beazley, No. 256, pp. 208-210. 
 
 In this letter to the secretary of Charles V. Cabot tells of his plans 
 for renewed explorations : toda via tiene gana de tomar la enpresa 
 del rio de parana que tan caro me questa. He apologizes for the 
 delay in completing three maps, one for Samano and two for the 
 Emperor, explaining that this had been due to the death of his 
 daughter and the illness of his wife. When the maps are finished, 
 he promises that they shall show why the compass needle turns to- 
 wards the north-east and north-west, and that this will provide His 
 Majesty with a sure rule for finding the longitude : creo i\ue su 
 raa.^estad y los seiiores del conseyo qudaron satisfechos dellas por q 
 veran co mo se puede navegar por redondo por sus derotas [Harrisse 
 suggests that this means : by means of the indications of the com- 
 pass or rhumbo] como se aze por vna carta y la causa por q nordestea 
 y noruestea laguya y como es for^oso q lo aga y que tantas quartas 
 a de nordestear y noruestear antes q toma aboluerse azia el norte 
 y en que meridiano y con esto terna su magt la regla cierta para 
 tomar la longitud. 
 
 The letter closes with a request that the officials of the Casa de 
 Contratacion may be instrufted to pay him a third of his salary, 
 which would enable him to visit His Majesty's Council with a ser- 
 vant whom he had left behind on the coast of Brazil, and who had 
 recently returned, bringing information as to what the Portuguese 
 were doing there. — Cabot's salary had been attached as a result of 
 the lawsuits growing out of the expedition to La Plata. The royal 
 orders in which the Queen Regent direfted that portions of his 
 salary should be paid him, dated 1 1 March and 11 May, 1 531, and 
 12 March, 1532, are described as Nos. 68-70: other memoranda 
 regarding his salary are noted as Nos. 111-113. 
 
Cabot 3Bfl)Uoorapbs 13 
 
 CABOT (Sebastian) In hac protens in planum figura 
 continetur totus terre glodus insule, portus, flumina, 
 sinus, syrtus et breuia, c^ hatenus aneotericis adaperta sunt, 
 eorumq, nomina et qui ea loca aperuere ut eisdem huius 
 figure tabulis liquidius patet ad hec omnium q a maioribus 
 cognita sunt, necnon que a Ptholomeo referuntur regionum 
 scilscet prouinciarum, urbiu, motium, flQuioru, climatii, 
 parallelorumq, tam Europe q Asie & Aphricae exacSta de- 
 scriptio. Anotibis tame cadide leftor situm hunc orbis 
 terrarii depiftii esse iuxta uariatione qua acus nauatica 
 utitur ad artii septetrionalis obseruationi cuius ratione per 
 legere potes tabula secunda decimi septimi numeri. (39) 
 This Latin title, followed by a Spanish version of the same text, 
 is on the south-west quadrant of a world map printed from an en- 
 graving on copper-plate, composed of four separately printed parts, 
 each measuring 80 X 62 centimetres, pasted together on cardboard, 
 the whole measuring 2 m. 19 x i m. 25, or 5 ft. 11 x 4 ft. i. 
 
 The only copy of this map now known to exist is exhibited in 
 the Geographical department of the Bibliotheque Nationale at Paris. 
 It was found in 1843 by Von Martius in the house of a curate in 
 Bavaria, and was purchased by the French Government during the 
 following year. (39^) 
 
 Another copy, as may safely be assumed, is noted in the list of 
 maps consulted by Ortelius during the preparation of his 
 Tkeatrum Orbis Terrarum, 1 570, No. 180. It is described as " Vni- 
 uersalem Tabulam ; quam impressam seneis formis vidimus, sed 
 sine nomine loci, & impressoris." (39^) 
 
 A facsimile of the Paris map, made by E. Rembielinski, was pub- 
 lished in JoMARD, Monuments de la Geographie, 1862, plate xx : it 
 lacks two of the corner ornamentations, a few names on the map, 
 and the accompanying legends described below, Nos. 54, 55. (39'') 
 Thirteen full-size photographic facsimiles were made in 1882, 
 through the efforts of several New England students represented by 
 Mr. Charles Deane. Two of these were retained by the Biblio- 
 theque Nationale, and the others were deposited with the Massa- 
 chusetts Historical Society, the Public Library, and the Athenaeum 
 Library in Boston, the American Antiquarian Society in Worcester, 
 Massachusetts, the Harvard University Library at Cambridge, the 
 New York Historical Society and the American Geographical 
 Society in New York City, the Long Island Historical Society in 
 Brooklyn, the Library Company in Philadelphia, the Virginia 
 Historical Society at Richmond, and the Maine Historical Society 
 at Portland. (39*) 
 
 The Canadian Minister of Agriculture, afting through the 
 Dominion Archivist, Dr. Douglas Brymner, secured from Paris in 
 
H Cabot Biblfograpbs 
 
 1897 a negative from the map, from which a photo-lithograph of 
 the map was made. Copies of this facsimile, which is somewhat 
 less than half the size of the original, accompany Brymner, Report 
 on Canadian Archives, 1897, — Ottawa, 1898, and also DawsON, 
 Latest Phases, No. 319. (39°) 
 
 A careful facsimile of the North Atlantic portion of the map, 
 showing the colors of the original, is in Harrisse, y. et S. 
 Cabot, 1882. From this, reduced copies were made, without the 
 colors, for his Discovery and Cabot. The significant portions of the 
 map are also copied in Stevens, Hist, and Geog. Notes, pi. 4. ; La 
 Gravi^re, Marins, — Paris, 1879, i. ; Brevoort, in Historical 
 Magazine (Dawson), March, 1868, xiii. 129; Winsor, America, 
 iii. 22, and Columbus, 626, copied in Brymner, CanaSan Archives, 
 Dawson, Latest Phases, and elsewhere ; Winship, Coronado, in 
 XIF. Report of U. S. Bureau of Ethnology, 352 ; KretsCHMER, 
 Entdeckung Amerikas ; Markham, Journals, xxxii. ; Weare, Cabot, 
 266; Scribner's Magazine, July, 1897, xxii. 66, 67: see note to 
 Piers, No. 481. The facsimile, which is referred to in Goldsmid's 
 Hakluyt, No. 133, as "facing p. 23 of vol. xii," was apparently not 
 published. 
 
 The cartographic portion of the plate is elliptical, and is com- 
 posed on the orthographic projeftion devised by Apianus in 1524, 
 the scale of longitude being one-third less than that of the latitude. 
 " It contains indications of magnetic lines with no variation, which 
 are transformed into meridians, and starting points calculated to 
 enable mariners to find the longitude at sea." The four corners of 
 the plate, beyond the limits of the map proper, exhibit each a large 
 engraved head of Eolus, colored by hand, like the coasts, figures of 
 men, animals, and things within the map. On the upper part, to 
 the left, is an engraving of the Annunciation, with a Latin paraphrase 
 of the angelic salutation in six lines. To the right, are the engraved 
 arms of the Empire, surmounting an absolutely unintelligible in- 
 scription in Spanish : Solas del Solo en el mundo en seruicio delas 
 quales muriendo viuen leales. In the lower comers on each side is 
 a cosmographical table of latitudes in degrees and minutes, each en- 
 closed within a frame. (39*) 
 
 This description of the map, adapted from Harrisse, Cabot, 437- 
 438, and his Cabot Cartographe, No. 391, may be compared with 
 that given by M. D'Avezac in the Bulletin de la Societe de Geo- 
 graphie, — Paris, 1857, 4 Ser. xiv. 268-270. The tables of letter- 
 press which are pasted upon the sides of the map, are described in 
 detail below. 
 
 The title of the map, of which the Latin version is quoted above, 
 No. 39, states that "this figure, projefted on a plane, contains all 
 the lands . . . which have yet been discovered, with their names 
 and the discoverers of them, as is more clearly expressed in the 
 accompanying tables (of inscriptions or legends) together with all 
 that was previously known. . . . And you should note that the 
 land is placed according to the variation which the compass needle 
 
Cabot ffiiblfograpbi? is 
 
 makes with the north star, the reason for which may be seen in the 
 second column number seventeen." This seventeenth legend — see 
 No. 55^ — states that "Sebastian Cabot, captain and pilot major to 
 the Emperor Charles V, made this figure projefted on a plane in 
 the year . . . 1 54.4, having drawn it by degrees of latitude and 
 longitude, with the winds, as a sailing chart, following partly 
 Ptolemy and partly the modern Spanish and Portuguese discoveries, 
 and partly the discovery made by his father and himself; by it you 
 may sail as by a sea chart, having regard to the variation of the 
 needle." 
 
 There is no indication on the map or in the printed legends to 
 show where it was drawn, engraved, printed or published. The 
 typographical appearance, interpreted by what is known of the arts 
 of printing and engraving during the second quarter of the sixteenth 
 century, have led students to agree with Mr. Harrisse in assuming 
 that the map was printed in the Spanish Netherlands, probably at 
 Antwerp, at about the date given in the legend quoted above — 1544. 
 
 The plates used for printing the map now in Paris, or copies of 
 the map printed from those plates, may have been sent from the 
 place of original publication to London, where a new set of the 
 accompanying Latin legends appears to have been published, and 
 issued with copies of the map, by Clement Adams in 1549. 
 This edition of the legends is discussed below. No. 551: if they 
 accompanied an engraved map, it was perhaps printed from the same 
 plates as the one now at Paris ; see the notes Nos. 49 and 52. 
 Hakluyt, followed by Purchas, speaks of this London 1 549 map as 
 " cut " by Adams. It is not unlikely that changes may have been 
 made on the plates by Adams, or under his direftion, especially 
 since there is every reason to suppose that Adams was acquainted 
 with Cabot at this period. Mr. Harrisse, however, has advanced 
 strong reasons for not accepting this language in its literal sense of 
 "engraved," as implying an entirely new map. (39*) 
 
 Dr. Dawson, who compared the various references to these maps 
 with much insight in 1894 — No. 316 — concluded: (i) "That the 
 Paris map of 1 544 is not Cabot's in any sense that would make him 
 responsible for its accuracy, that it was not published or prepared in 
 Spain, that he never correfted the proofs, but that he probably con- 
 tributed in some measure to the material from which its unknown 
 author compiled it." 
 
 " (2) That the map in the Queen's Gallery engraved by Clement 
 Adams was essentially different in its American geography from 
 that of 1 544, and that it was based on some of Cabot's charts made 
 in England, and that Lok's map (No. 1 56) taken with Gilbert's and 
 Willes's statements (Nos. 48 and 49) affords a useful indication as to 
 what these charts contained." (39') 
 
 At least one copy of the London 1549 map belonged to the 
 Crown, and hung in the Privy Gallery at Whitehall (1576 and 
 1625) or Westminster (1589-1600). A copy was seen at Oxford 
 by CHyTR.ffiUS (No. 75) some time after 1565. There were said 
 
1 6 Cabot BibUograpbg 
 
 to be other copies in " many ancient merchants houses," when 
 Hakluyt wrote in 1584, and again in 1600. De Laet (No. 154) 
 probably relied on Hakluyt for his statement that not a few copies 
 of the map still remained in England in 1633. (39°) 
 
 The words "prima terra uista," placed against the north-eastern 
 point of what represents Cape Breton island on this map, afford 
 the most conclusive evidence for locating the spot of Cabot's land- 
 fall in 14.97. — See the Introduftion, pp. xiv and xl-xli, and the 
 accompanying references. (39') 
 
 CABOT (Sebastian) 
 
 Sebastian Cabot is recorded as having drawn the following 
 maps, each of which probably existed only in manuscript 
 form : 
 
 Three maps, drawn for Charles V. and his secretary 
 Samano, as described in Cabot's letter of 1533 — see the 
 notes to No. 38, and Harrisse, Discovery, 594-595. (40) 
 
 [A MANUSCRIPT DRAFT Of sketch of somc sort for the 
 engraved map No. 39 ; see the Introduction, p. xlix. (41) 
 
 Vn Mapa mondo GRANDE, which Cabot showed some 
 time before 1547 to the Mantuan gentleman who is 
 quoted by Ramusio and discussed in the notes to No. 
 194. This map showed the Portuguese and Spanish 
 voyages. (42) 
 
 Vn mapa mundi cortado por el equinocio, which Cabot 
 sent to Charles V. from London in November, 1553, as 
 described in an accompanying letter. No. 59. Harrisse 
 suggests that this map may have been identical with the 
 one which Juan Bautista Gesio, in a memorial addressed 
 to the Spanish kings, dated Madrid, 20 September, 1575, 
 declared to be royal property. It was described as : (43) 
 
 Vn mapa antiguo de pergamino iluminado, in the library 
 of Juan de Ovando, the deceased president of the Consejo 
 de las Indias. See the notes to Jimenez de la Espada, 
 No. 423, or Harrisse, Cabot, 283. This same map may 
 have been the one described as : (44) 
 
Cabot Bfbltograpb^ 17 
 
 CABOT (Sebastian) Maps — continued. 
 
 Vn mapa que dio (Sebastian Caboto) al Rey de Castilla, 
 which figured 43° longitude between Goa and Mozam- 
 bique, according to Cespedes, No. 63. (45) 
 
 Vna carta universel de todo el orbe en piano 6 en un 
 cuerpo espherico, was, according to Oviedo, No. 182, a 
 thing which Cabot was competent to constru6t : he does 
 not specify any particular example. (46) 
 
 Una carta da navigare diligentissima fatta a mano, e 
 tutta ritratta a punto da una propria del detto Caboto, 
 which Guido Gianeti de Fano examined in London, 
 during the reign of Edward VI., and which he described 
 to Livio Sanuto, No. 209, as showing a meridian, based 
 upon a point of no magnetic variation, a hundred and ten 
 miles west of Flores, an island of the Azores group. This 
 map was presumably identical with one of the following : 
 
 (47) 
 Charts, whiche are yet to bee scene, in the Queenes 
 Maiesties priuie Gallerie, at Whitehall ; in which, nccord- 
 ing to Gilbert, No. 117, writing before 1566, "Cabot 
 hath by his personall experience set foorth, and described " 
 the north-west passage to Cathay. One of these may 
 have been the engraved map of 1544 or 1549, ^^^ there 
 seems to be no good reason for doubting the correctness 
 of Gilbert's plural. See the notes under 55\ That there 
 was a map showing Cabot's American discoveries in the 
 palace at Whitehall seems to be stated by Strachey, No. 
 213 : "the draught of w** voyage is yet to be seene." (48) 
 His carde drawen with his owne hande ; on which Willes, 
 No. 230, in 1577 read Cabot's "owne discourse of naui- 
 gation." Like the map described by Gilbert, this one 
 apparently showed a north-west passage, so that it could 
 hardly have been the engraved map of 1544, although the 
 accompanying narrative strongly suggests their identity. 
 The suggestion has not been made that Clement Adams 
 may have published a map, showing Cabot's discoveries in 
 the North Atlantic, with the text quoted by Hakluyt 
 — see No. 55^^ — but without the other legends from the 
 1 544 map. (49) 
 
1 8 Cabot Btbllograpbs 
 
 CABOT (Sebastian) Maps — continued. 
 
 His (cartographicall) table, the which my good Lorde 
 (of Bedford) hath at Cheynies ; is also referred to by 
 WiLLES. It is not necessary to suppose that this " table " 
 and the "carde" mentioned in the preceding paragraph 
 were identical, although both represented open water to- 
 wards the north-west between 6i° and 64° N. (50) 
 
 His owne mappes & discourses drawne and written by 
 himselfej which Hakluyt in 1582— No. 124 — said 
 would shortly come out in print. They were then in 
 the possession of Cabot's successor, William Worthington ; 
 see the IntroduiSion, p. li. (51) 
 
 The great Map in his Maiesties priuie Gallerie, of which 
 Sebastian Cabot is often therein called the Authour, and 
 his Pi£ture is therein drawne ; which Purchas describes 
 in his Pilgrimes, No. 188, iii. 807. The words "often" 
 and " therein," taken in connexion with the parallel passage 
 in which Purchas speaks of " The Map with his pifture in 
 the Priuy Gallery," would seem to imply something differ- 
 ent from the 1544 map, No. 39. It may have been the 
 same as the map described as Nos. 49 or 50. (52) 
 
 A map ordered by the Fuggers, the great commercial 
 house of Antwerp, which is mentioned in the notes to 
 Haebler, No. 369, appears never to have been delivered 
 by Cabot. (53) 
 
 CABOT (Sebastian) Tabula prima. Del Almirante. 
 Tabvla secvnda. (54) 
 
 Two columns of printed text, measuring 27 centimetres wide 
 and 55 centimetres long, pasted upon the two sides of the map 
 described above, No. 39. 
 
 This text consists of a series of paragraphs, which contain a 
 description of various portions of the adjoining map, to which 
 reference is made by means of numbers placed against each para- 
 graph to correspond with similar numbers engraved on the map. 
 Each description is in Spanish, followed by a version of the same 
 information in Latin, except at the foot of the second column, 
 where there are five paragraphs, numbered 18 to 22, in Spanish 
 not followed by the Latin. The Latin version of numbers 19 to 
 22, however, is to be found engraved upon the body of the map, 
 together with three additional Spanish legends, only one of which 
 
Cabot JSlbliograpbi? 19 
 
 is accompanied by a Latin version. In the lower comers, outside 
 the map proper, are inserted two tables of Latin letterpress, as 
 mentioned in the preceding description of the map, No. 39*, and in 
 greater detail below. 
 
 The type used for printing the letterpress text, as just described, 
 was rearranged, but apparently not reset, in order to print the 
 pamphlet described in the following entry. The style of type used, 
 the length of lines in which it was set up, and the faft that the 
 columns of letterpress are of exaftly the right length to paste upon 
 the edges of the map, make it most probable that these columns 
 were printed first, and that the pamphlet was afterwards prepared, 
 possibly to go with copies of the map when this was sold in the 
 four separate sheets on which it was printed, not pasted together. 
 
 CABOT (Sebastian) Declaratio / chartae novas navi- / 
 gatoriae domini / almirantis. (55) 
 
 A small quarto pamphlet of 24 leaves, signatures A-F, 4 leaves 
 each, having 27 lines on each full page. Printed in Roman letters. 
 No place, name of printer, or year, but perhaps printed at Antwerp 
 in, or shortly after, the year 1544. 
 
 The only copy of this pamphlet now known to bibliographers ot 
 Americana is in a private library in Brooklyn, New York. It was 
 not known to modern students prior to its appearance as No. 99 in 
 the 1895 "Catalogue of the rich Ubrary of the Chateau de Lobris 
 in Silesia . . . sold at Munich, 22 April." 
 
 The text of the traft is headed : Declaratio. Tabulae. Almirante. 
 Seventeen numbered paragraphs in Latin are followed by five pages 
 of tables, in Latin, with the heading : Arithmetica supputatio seu 
 deuisio parallelorum (half page) ; Gradus eleuationis poli seu lati- 
 tudinis terrae (28 paragraphs on 2 pages) : Tabula climatum 
 Arithmeticalis secundu grad: et mi: latitud quo ad principia, 
 media, et finis eorundem (one-third page) j Astrorum (two pages). 
 The heading, Declaratio etc., is repeated, followed by twenty-two 
 numbered paragraphs of Spanish text, of which numbers one to 
 seventeen repeat the substance of the seventeen Latin paragraphs, 
 as explained under the preceding title. 
 
 The title of the pamphlet : " Explanation of the new sailing chart 
 of his Lordship the Admiral," was presumably derived from the first 
 paragraph which describes the discovery made by Columbus in 
 
 1492. _ _ _ iss') 
 
 The remaining paragraphs, or legends, contain accounts of: 2. 
 Espaiiola and Cuba; 3. New Spain, or Mexico ; 4. the Straits of 
 Magellan; 5. the Malucos and the first circumnavigation; 6. 
 Peru; 7. la Plata; g. the Bacallaos, or Canada; 9. Iceland; 
 10. Siberia; 11. 12. 18. North-eastern Asia and the adjoining 
 Arftic seas; 13. Central Africa; 14. Asiatic India; 15. the 
 Tartars; 16. Ceylon and Sumatra ; 17. " Inscription of the author 
 with certain reasons for the variation between the compass needle 
 
20 Cabot Biblioarapbg 
 
 and the north star"; i8. a quotation from Pliny, lib. 2, cap. (67, 
 printed lxxix) ; 19. Rocos islands; 20. 21. 22. East India 
 islands. 
 
 The legends which are engraved on the face of the map and are 
 not reprinted in the pamphlet relate to Ciapangu or Japan, "of thefish 
 which stops a ship," and the title legend quoted in full above, No. 39. 
 
 The Latin legends which accompanied the map of 1544 were 
 apparently reprinted in London by Clement Adams, perhaps in 
 1549,— see notes under No. 39. A copy of this edition may have 
 been seen at Oxford by Chytr^us, No. 75, who transcribed the 
 legends, in which the date 1549 replaces 1544 in legend 17. This 
 text as printed by Chytraeus follows that of the Latin legends on 
 the Paris map, except that each paragraph has a heading or descrip- 
 tive title, and that there is a Latin version of the Ciapangu-Japan 
 legend, which occurs only in Spanish engraved on the face of the 
 map, and of legend 18, with the correft reference to the chapter in 
 Pliny from which it is taken. There are also variations in spelling 
 and phraseology, such as might naturally be made by a copyist: 
 such of these as occur in legend 8 are noted below. The date 154.9 
 — which might have been altered by a misreading, a blurred type, 
 a slip of the transcriber's pen, or a misprint in the reprinting — is 
 partially confirmed by a marginal note in PuRCHAS, Pilgrimage, 
 1625, iii. 807 : "This Map, some say, was taken out of Sir Seb. 
 Cabot's Map by Clem. Adams in 1549 " ; see No. 49. (55") 
 
 Hakluyt, as explained in the notes to No. 39^, examined several 
 copies of a Cabot map "sett out" or "cut" by Clement Adams, 
 from which he copied a variant text of legend 8. This text, as 
 printed by Hakluyt in 1589, No. 125, and in 1600, No. 126, differs 
 entirely from that of the Paris map and from that copied by 
 Chytraeus, although it contains identical information. No plausible 
 reason has been suggested to explain why Adams should have taken 
 the trouble to make a new translation, when he must in all prob- 
 ability have possessed a copy of the legend as already printed. There 
 was as little reason why Hakluyt, who might have introduced 
 changes similar to those ascribed to Chytraeus, should have re- 
 written the entire paragraph. The difficulties of explanation are in- 
 creased by the introduftion of such dubious phrases as " credo " and 
 " hac opinor ratione," where the Paris and Chytraeus texts are ex- 
 plicit. Mr. Harrisse is of the opinion that " the differences in the 
 wording ... do not prove the existence of a third edition of 
 Cabot's planisphere. They simply indicate a gratuitous manipula- 
 tion by Hakluyt of Adams' text." There are quite as strong reasons 
 (or the opinion that an edition of a map showing Cabot's North 
 Atlantic discoveries was set forth by Adams, on which was printed 
 the legend quoted by Hakluyt. See the notes to Nos. 49, 50, and 
 
 5^- (55*) 
 
 Hakluyt in 1600 reprinted this Clement Adams legend, chang- 
 ing the date of the discovery from 1494 to 1497. Such a change 
 might naturally have been made by him on the basis of the informa- 
 
Cabot Bibliograpbs 21 
 
 tion, showing the later date to be the correft one, which he is known 
 to have acquired in the interval between 1589 and 1600. Purclias, 
 however, in 1625 states specifically that Cabot's map in the Privy 
 Gallery " hath 1497." From these faiSls, Mr. Harrisse decides that 
 Adams first printed the legends with the date 1494 copied from the 
 1 544 edition ; that he afterwards, perhaps from Cabot, learned that 
 this was a mistake ; and that he then reprinted the column contain- 
 ing the correfted date 1497, substituting this on all unsold copies of 
 the map. The change, it may be noted, occurs in the text quoted 
 by Hakluyt. It is extremely probable that if this altered date appeared 
 in the legends attached to some copies of the map as now known, 
 the alteration was made with pen and ink. (5S^) 
 
 To summarize: two 1544 editions of the Cabot map legends, in 
 Latin and Spanish, have been described from existing copies. In 
 addition, it is probable that an edition of the Latin legends was 
 printed in London in 1549, and these may also have appeared in 
 some other form, of which the Adams-Hakluyt text was a part. In 
 '594> 1 599) and 1606, the 1549 Latin edition was reprinted by 
 Chytr^us, No. 75. In 1633, De Laet, No. 154, reprinted the 
 Adams-Hakluyt text, and this was republished by him in a French 
 version in 1640. 
 
 The legends were not again printed until after the recovery of the 
 Paris map in 1843. M. Jomard intended to reprint them, to ac- 
 company his facsimile of the map. No. 39^. This purpose is said to 
 have been carried out by his son-in-law, M. Bosselli, some time after 
 the death of M. Jomard, — a lithographic fecsimile of the legends 
 being issued in a limited edition for private circulation. The 
 officials of the Bibliotheque Nationale state that no copy of such a 
 reprint can be found in that library. (SS'O 
 
 A careful transcript of the legends from the Paris map was made 
 for Mr. Charles Deane, and this was printed by Mr. C. C. Smith, 
 together with a translation by Mr. George Bendelari, in the Pro- 
 ceedings of the Massachusetts Historical Society, 1 2 February, 1 8 9 1 , 
 new series, vi. 305-339. Twenty copies of these pages were separ- 
 ately issued with a special cover title, for private distribution. This 
 transcription of the legends, togetherwith Mr. Bendelari'stranslation, 
 was reprinted by Dr. Dawson in Brymner, Report on Canadian 
 Archives, 1897, — Ottanua, 1898, 106-125. (5 5^) 
 
 The English version in Beazley, No. 256, pp. 222-244, is 
 based upon that of Bendelari, although carefiilly compared with 
 the original texts. 
 
 The accuracy of the statement which declares that Sebastian 
 Cabot drew the map, and by an inevitable inference wrote the 
 accompanying legends, has been doubted by most of those best 
 qualified to judge of its truth. Those who attack the personal 
 charafter and the scientific reputation of Cabot, and those who 
 maintain his right to eminence, are equally anxious to dissociate 
 him from any responsibility for the cartography and the geography 
 of this document. 
 
22 CaDot BibUograpbs 
 
 Sebastian Cabot, during the years when this map and the text 
 of the legends which form an integral part of it, were composed, 
 resided in Spain. As stated in the notes to No. 39, it is supposed 
 that these were printed in the Low Countries. Whether composed 
 by Cabot with his own hand, or, as is quite as likely, by someone 
 working in collaboration with him, the draft of the map and of 
 the legends must have been sent in manuscript to the place of 
 printing. A comparative examination of the Spanish and the 
 Latin texts shows that they were probably composed in Spanish 
 and afterwards translated into Latin, most probably at the place of 
 printing, for the sake of rendering them more intelligible to a wider 
 circle of European readers. The translator made some changes 
 and a few additions, the nature of which is shown by the extrafts 
 given below, where the words which occur only in the Latin are 
 quoted in that language. For the most part, these variations are 
 such as might naturally be made by anyone translating freely and 
 possessing a slight acquaintance with the subjeft. One addition of 
 very curious importance occurs in legend 8, where the Latin states 
 that Cabot made the landfall at Bacallaos " at five o'clock in the 
 morning." The Spanish reads "in the morning." Unless the 
 translator had some source of information of which he gives no 
 hint, he must have introduced this hour as one which seemed to 
 him probable, or perhaps, as the diftionary interpretation of the 
 Spanish " early morning." 
 
 A manuscript copy of the twenty-two Spanish legends which 
 appear in the letterpress at the sides of the Paris map, exists in the 
 Royal Library at Madrid. It is in a volume apparently containing 
 transcripts of geographical information, these legends being pre- 
 ceded by the narrative of his third voyage written by Columbus. 
 The page of contents refers to these legends as : 
 
 Declaratio chartas nauigatorise Domini Almirantis. 
 
 Tiene vn tratado de la Carta de nauegar, hecho por el Doftor 
 Grajales, en el Puerto de Sanfla Maria, i el vso de dos Tablas, 
 para saber el orto del Sol, i los ocasos desde el altura de. 38. grados, 
 hasta la de. 48. por el mismo. (56) 
 
 Mr. Harrisse, to whom the publication of these fails is due, in 
 his Disco'very, 640-641, does not state whether the last clause in 
 this title refers to the two tables which were reprinted in the 
 pamphlet legends. No. 55, from the lower corners of the engraved 
 map, or whether this refers to something which has no connexion 
 with the map or legends, but which was also transcribed into the 
 manuscript volume. The faft that only the twenty-two printed 
 legends, not including those engraved on the face of the map, 
 appear in this manuscript, suggests that this was transcribed from 
 the printed text. There is nothing to show the authority upon 
 which their authorship was ascribed to Dr. Grajales, a person of 
 whom nothing else has yet been made known. This authorship. 
 
dabot ffiibltograpbs ^3 
 
 however, is made more probable by an entry in Leon Pinelo, 
 Biblioteca, No. 4.36, pp. 144-145: 
 
 D. Christoval Colon. Declaracion de la tabla navigatoria. Hal- 
 lase este breve tratado impresso con su carta, que queda puesta. 
 
 Doft. Grajales. Deluso de la carta de navegar, imp. con el referido 
 tratado de Colo. (s6«) 
 
 As stated above, No. 55', the faft that the first legend treated of 
 Columbus seems to have misled those whose hasty glance read no 
 further, into the supposition that the Admiral was entitled to the 
 whole of this work. Moreover, despite the specific and repeated 
 statements of Leon Pinelo, that this work was printed in Spanish, 
 no one accustomed to the critical use of bibliographic manuals 
 would assume that the reference quoted above was not taken from 
 the manuscript now in Madrid, No. 56, or that the latter was not 
 transcribed from the pamphlet or map known to have been printed. 
 The statement that they were written — ^"hecho" implies author- 
 ship — by Doftor Grajales remains unsupported by confirmatory 
 proof, but there are no sufficient reasons for doubting its truth. 
 
 WiNSOR, Contro'versies, No. 571, p. 13, 'and Dawson, No. 319, 
 p. 107, refuse to accept this proof of authorship, as maintained 
 by Harrisse, and suggest that Grajales may have possessed merely 
 a copy of the map or the pamphlet legends from which this 
 transcript was made. 
 
 Legends 1-8, and perhaps 14, refer to the regions which had 
 been added to the known world within the lifetime of Sebastian 
 Cabot. They represent what was presumably known regarding 
 these regions by well-informed persons in a position to secure 
 information concerning the progress of exploration. The other 
 paragraphs, excepting No. 17, contain the current ideas held by 
 these same persons regarding the half-known older world, which is 
 popularly associated with the travels of Marco Polo, Sir John 
 Mandeville, and Adam of Bremen. Harrisse, Cabot, 287, follow- 
 ing Kohl, remarks that these descriptions are full of legendary 
 stories about sea monsters, people with one foot or one eye, men 
 with faces like dogs, speftres or ghosts speaking in the air, and 
 much more of the same sort. It should be added that in each case 
 these statements are given as hearsay. The authority for them 
 existed in the most trustworthy works that had then been published 
 in regard to the regions in question. 
 
 Legend 8 contains the very important statement, apparently 
 made by Sebastian Cabot, that the country of Bacallaos, the present 
 Canadian Atlantic seaboard, was discovered by John Cabot and his 
 son Sebastian on the morning of 24 June (July) 1494 (at the fifth 
 hour, about daybreak) ; that the point of landfall was named 
 " first land seen " ; and that a large island lying otF this point was 
 named St. Johns because it was also discovered on that saint's day : 
 Esta tierra fue descubierta por loan Caboto Veneciano, y Sebastian 
 Caboto su hijo, anno del nascimiento de nuestro Saluador lesu 
 Christo de M.cccc.xciiii. a ueinte y quatro de lunio por la 
 
24 Cabot ffiibUograpbs 
 
 mannana, a la qual piisieron nobre prima tierra uista, y a una isla 
 grade que esta par de la dha tierra, le pusieron nombre sant loan, 
 por auer sido descubierta el mismo dia : Terram hanc olim nobis 
 clausam, aperuit loannes Cabotus Venetus, necno Sebastianus 
 Cabotus eius filius, anno ab orbe redempto 149+. die uero 14. lulij, 
 hora 5. sub diluculo, qua terra primu uisam appellarut, & Insula 
 quanda magna ei opposita, Insula diui loannis nominarQt, quippe 
 qua; solenni die festo diui loannis aperta fuit. {ss') 
 
 The parallel passage quoted by Hakluyt — see No. ssb — reads: 
 Anno Domini 14.94, loannes Cabotus venetus, & Sebastianus illius 
 filius eam terram fecerunt peruiam, quam nuUus priiis adire ausus 
 fuisset, die 24 lunij, circiter horara quintam bene mane. Hanc 
 autem appellauit Terram Primum visam, credo quod ex mari in 
 eam partem primiim oculos iniecerat. Nam quae ex aduerso sita 
 est insula, eam appellauit insulam D. loannis, hac opinor ratione, 
 quod aperta fuit eo die qui est sacer D. loanni Baptistse. (55°) 
 
 Dawson, in his Latest Phases, suggests that the omission of the 
 qualifying "grande" in this Hakluyt- Adams text, was probably a 
 result of Adams' intercourse with Cabot, who informed him that 
 the island of St. John on the engraved map of 1544 was one of the 
 group now named the Magdalen islands, and that the island dis- 
 covered on the same day as the landfall — Scatari island off Cape 
 Breton, in Dr. Dawson's opinion — was not " large." 
 
 The eighth legend as copied by CHYTR^ffiUS at Oxford agrees 
 with the Latin text from the Paris map, except for the spellings 
 lohannes, \nsa\?iia . . . ei apfositam, and the date, 3.nno . . . 1594. 
 die vero 24. lunii. (S5*) 
 
 De Laet, on the other hand, in 1633 followed Hakluyt, No. 
 55'j i" general, except for the readings : Anno Domini cIdcccc 
 xcvii ... die XXIV lulii . . . appellavit Insulam . . . quod 
 innienta fiiit eo die, qui sacer est S. loanni Baptistae. These varia- 
 tions are such a.<; may reasonably be ascribed to a copyist. (55°) 
 
 Hakluyt in 1600 reprinted No. 55', changing the date 1494 to 
 1497. PuRCHAS in 1613 and 1625 stated that "the Map ... in 
 the Priuy Gallery hath 1497." As suggested above, this change is 
 one that may easily have been made in manuscript upon the printed 
 sheet. 
 
 Gilbert, No. 117, apparently found the date ii June upon one 
 of Cabot's charts, but this was probably either a manuscript map 
 or a printed map quite different from No. 39. — See Nos. 48 and 
 52. 
 
 The words " prima tierra uista " appear on the Paris map against 
 what is clearly intended to represent the north-eastern point of Cape 
 Breton island. This evidence, which would apparently determine 
 the exaft point, and the time, of the Cabot landfall on North 
 America, is not accepted by many who have examined the evidence 
 in its various aspefts. See the Introduftion, pp. xx. Mr. 
 Harrisse, in his Cabot, 122-124, even goes so far as to suggest the 
 
Cabot SSibUograpbs 25 
 
 motives which led Cabot deliberately to place these words indicating 
 a landfall in the region to which French enterprise had given 
 potential importance, as " a suggestion of British claims and a bid 
 for the King of England's favor." Dr. Dawson, especially in his 
 Latest Phases, replies to Harrisse, arguing with much force in favor 
 of the evidence of the map. 
 
 Legend 8 describes the country discovered by the Cabots as a 
 very sterile land, where the people dressed in the skins of animals 
 and fought with bows and arrows, lances, darts, wooden clubs, and 
 slings. The animals included white bears, (lions) and large stags 
 like horses. There were quantities of fish, sturgeons, salmon, 
 soles a yard long, and especially codfish, or baccallaos as they were 
 commonly called. For birds, there were hawks as black as crows, 
 eagles, partridges, and linnets : la gente della andan uestidos de 
 pieles de animales, usan en sus guerras arcos, y flechas, lancas, y 
 dardos, y unas porras de palo, y bondas. Es tierra muy steril, ay 
 en ella [leonibus] muchos orsos plancos, y cieruos muy grades como 
 cauallos, y otras muchas animales, y semeiantemete ay pescado 
 infinite, sollos, salmoes, lenguados, muy grandes de uara enlargo 
 y otras muchas diuersidades de pescados, y la mayor multitud dellos 
 se dizen baccallaos ((j uulgus Bacallios appellat) y asi mismo ay en 
 la dha tierra Halcones prietos como cueruos Aguillas, Perdices ((j 
 susco colore) Pardillas, y otras muchas aues de diuersas maneras. 
 
 (55=) 
 Compare this description with what was written in 1+97 by 
 PAsquALiGO, No. 185, and by Raimondo, Nos. 191, 192; and 
 also with Martyr, No. 160, and Ramusio, No. 194. 
 
 Legend 7 contains an account of the re-discovery of La Plata by 
 Sebastian Cabot, whom the Latin text describes as " nauigandi arte 
 astrorum(j peritissimus," there being nothing in the Spanish to 
 suggest this eulogy. It tells how, the Emperor having placed him 
 in command of a fleet for the discovery of Tarsis, Ophir (Ciapangu), 
 and the Eastern Cathay, he was carried to that river by the fortune 
 which wrecked his best ship, procellosis obruta fluftibus. Seeing 
 that it was impossible to continue the voyage as originally planned, 
 he decided to employ his surviving resources in exploring the river, 
 because the natives reported that there was much gold and silver in 
 the country : uista la grandissima relacion que los Indies de la 
 tierra le dieron de la gradissima riqueza de oro y plata que en la dha 
 tierra auia. At the cost of much dangerous toil and hunger, he 
 established the people whom he had brought from Spain in several 
 settlements near the river : cerca del dicho rio algunas poblacioes dela 
 gete q lleuo de espana ; motus ducere colonias coepit, prope flume 
 nonuUus arces ac propugnacula condere diligSter curauit, quibus 
 Hispani incolae facile tuerenter, & uim hostiu Indoru inde pro- 
 pelleret. The very large river is described as being twenty-five 
 leagues wide at its mouth, and two leagues wide at three hundred 
 leagues up from the mouth, being fed by many large tributaries. It 
 contains immense numbers of excellent fish. Wishing to try the 
 
26 Cabot Blblfograpbs 
 
 fertility of the soil, the colonists planted fifty-two grains of wheat, 
 which was all the ships' stores contained, in September, and in 
 December they gathered fifty and two thousand grains : la gete en 
 llegado a£[lla tierra quiso conoscer si era fertil, y apareiada para labrar 
 y Ueuar pan y senbraron en el mes de setiembre Hi. granos de trigo 
 q no se hallo mas en las naos, y cogiero luego en el mes de deziembre 
 cinquEta, y dos mill granos de trigo, q esta misraa fertilidad se hallo 
 en todas las otras semillas ; colle£lis quinquaginta duobus tritici 
 granis . . . Decembri uero duo millia supra quinquaginta mensuit. 
 See Eden, No. 96, where he says that Cabot told him that this 
 meant 2,050, rather than 52,000. The natives of the country gave 
 the Spaniards to understand that not far in the interior there were 
 some great mountain ranges from which no end of gold was obtained 
 and an equal amount of silver, further on : Los q en aquella tierra 
 blue dizen que no lexos de ay en la tierra adentro q ay unas grades 
 sierras de donde sacan infinitissimo oro, y q mas adelante en las 
 mismas sierras, sacan infinita plata. In this land a sort of sheep 
 grow to be as big as asses, shaped like camels, and yielding a wool 
 as fine as silk. The natives of the mountain slopes were said to be 
 as white as the Spaniards, but those living near the river were dark. 
 Some say that in the mountains [this qualification is omitted in the 
 Latin] there are men with faces like dogs, and others resemble 
 ostriches from their knees down, and they say that these are great 
 workers, raising much maize for making bread and wine. The 
 Latin text differs from the Spanish in the order of arrangement of 
 the different statements, but except as noted everything is repeated 
 in much the same sense. (S5') 
 
 Legend 17 explains the method by which the variation of the 
 compass needle might, as Cabot supposed, be utilized for the pur- 
 poses of navigation. It is translated, with an interpretation of its 
 difficulties, by Harrisse, Cabot, 309-310, and by Bendelari and 
 Beazley, as noted under No. 55^. Another English translation, 
 by Major, is in Archaologia, 1870, xliii. 18-19. ^^e Latin text 
 was reprinted from CHYTR.ffi;us by Bertius, Tabularum Geog. 
 ContraSarum, p. 632 in 1600 edition, and p. 777 in 1616 edition. 
 For a French translation see p. 777 of the French edition of 
 Bertius, 1618. (55") 
 
 Cabot in 1 54.7 issued a power of attorney to Diego Gutierrez, 
 empowering him to aft as Pilot Major during his chiePs absence 
 from Spain — Harrisse, Disco'very, 708. (57) 
 
 CABOT (Sebastian) Ordinances, instru6tions, and ad- 
 uertisements of and for the diredlion of the intended 
 voyage for Cathay, compiled, made, and deliuered by the 
 right worshipfull M. Sebastian Cabota Esquier gouernour 
 of the mysterie and companie of the Marchants aduen- 
 turers for the discouerie of Regions, Dominions, Islands 
 
Cabot Bibliograpbg 27 
 
 and places vnknowen, the 9. day of May, in the yere of 
 our Lord God 1553. and in the 7. yeere of the reigne of 
 our most dread soueraigne Lord Edward the 6 . . . (58) 
 
 Printed in Hakluyt, Voyages, i. 226-230; reprinted in Pinker- 
 ton, Voyages, i. 1-17; and, with unimportant omissions, in Beaz- 
 LEY, No. 256, pp. 186-19J. 
 
 Harrisse, Cabot, 345, states that some of the most creditable 
 passages in these instru6i:ions, which Cabot prepared for the guidance 
 of the expedition under Willoughby and Chancelor, were copied 
 from the instruflions given to Cabot by the Council for the Indies 
 upon his departure for La Plata in 1523. This latter document is 
 only known through a reference, with possibly a short quotation, 
 in Martyr, No. 161, dec. vii. cap. vi. 
 
 The first paragraph, with its warning against " dissention, 
 variance, or contention . . . for that dissention (by many ex- 
 periences) hath ouerthrown many notable intended and likely 
 enterprises and exploits," inevitably suggests Cabot's La Plata 
 adventure. 
 
 CABOT (Sebastian) [Letter to Charles V. — London 
 15 November 1554 (1553)- (59) 
 
 A contemporary transcript, enclosed in a letter from the Emperor 
 to his son Philip, No. 72, is in the State Archives at Simancas, 
 Correspondencia de Inglaterra, Legajo 818. 
 
 Printed in the Coleccion de Documentos Ineditos para la Historia de 
 Mspana, — Madrid, 184.3, "'• 5i2-5i4- Also in the Bulletin Geog. 
 bistorique et descrip., — Paris, 1890, i. 25-27. Translated by Beaz- 
 LEY, No. 256, 197-200. In this letter to his former master, 
 Cabot explains that a fever, calenturas cotidianas, obliged him to 
 entrust to Francisco de Urista an important message concerning 
 certain designs of the French ambassador in England, Beau- 
 dauphin (Bodofin) and the Duke of Northumberland (Nortabelan), 
 who had consulted him on several occasions regarding the Spanish 
 forces in Peru and the reputed wealth of that country, which these 
 lords were planning to attack by means of an expedition ascending 
 the Amazon. Cabot adds that he is so weak that a journey to the 
 Imperial court would certainly kill him. 
 
 Urista also carried to the king, besides this letter, a map de- 
 scribed above as No. 43. Cabot writes that this explained a possible 
 means for preventing the King of Portugal from establishing any 
 claim to the coast of Guinea (Guiana ?) as lying on his side of the 
 line of demarcation, by the aid of the variation of the compass 
 needle : Y tocante al situar de la costa de Guinea conforme a la 
 variacion que hace la aguja de marear con el polo, si el Rey de 
 Portugal cayere en eilo, el remedio ya lo dije a V. M. Cabot 
 explains that he had previously written an account of this map, 
 which he had given to Joan Esquefe, the Spanish Ambassador in 
 
2 8 dabot Bibltoarapbs 
 
 England, who had forwarded it to the Emperor's secretary, Eraso. 
 This writing referred especially to the demarcation of the Spanish 
 and Portuguese possessions. (59''^) 
 
 This letter from Cabot was apparently written in response to the 
 one written by the Emperor to Queen Mary, on 9 September, 
 1553) No. 71. 
 
 CABOT (Sebastian) La manera de dar la longitud por 
 la declinacion q el sol tiene de la Equinocial. (60) 
 
 See Santa Cruz, No. 207, for the manuscript work, preserved 
 at Madrid, in which he describes " the method of Sebastian Cabot 
 in England for obtaining the longitude [at sea] as communicated by 
 a certain person " to Philip II. It is translated by Harrisse, 
 Cabot, 302-305, with critical comments. 
 
 CABOT (Sebastian) — Portrait. — Effigies. Sebastiani 
 
 Caboti Angli. Filii. Johanis Caboti. Vene ti. Militis 
 
 Avrati. Primi. invet oris. Terrae nova sub Herico VII. 
 
 Angl lae Rege. (61 ) 
 
 The inscription on an oil painted portrait, which was perhaps 
 
 the same as one described by PuRCHAS, Pilgrimes, iv. 1812. as 
 
 seen by him before 1625 in "the privie gallerie at White Hall." 
 
 In 1792 this pifture hung in the breakfast-room of Slains 
 Castle, near Aberdeen, Scotland, the home of Lord Errol. After 
 his Lordship's death, it was presented by his representatives, through 
 Sir Frederick Eden, to Mr. Charles Joseph Harford of Bristol, 
 England. Mr. Harford's successor sold the portrait, for £500, to 
 Mr. Richard Biddle, who afterwards offered to restore it to Bristol 
 if reimbursed the sum he had given for it. Mr. Biddle removed 
 the portrait to his home in Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, where it was 
 destroyed by fire in 1845. — Adapted from Mathews, No. 456. 
 Compare Mr. Biddle's account of the early history of the portrait, 
 especially for the probable dispersion of the Whitehall gallery 
 during the early Commonwealth period, in his Memoir, No. zfii, 
 pp. 317-319. See the note to George, No. 365. The Pittsburg 
 conflagration was described by J. Heron Foster : 
 
 A full account of the Great Fire at Pittsburg, on the loth of 
 April, 1845 — Pittsburg, 1845. 8vo. (62) 
 
 Three copies of the portrait were made before its loss, by John 
 G. Chapman for the Massachusetts Historical Society, for the New 
 York Historical Society, and for the Mayor and Corporation of 
 Bristol, England. See the Proceedings of the first-named society 
 for March and June, 1838, ii. loi, in. 
 
 The best engraving of the portrait was made from the original 
 for Sever, Bristol, No. 522, ii. 208. The plate from which this 
 was printed is now owned by Mr. William George — see No. 365. 
 There are copies in a large proportion of the books and illustrated 
 magazine articles devoted to the Cabots. 
 
Cabot Bibliograpbs 29 
 
 This portrait was commonly reputed to be by Holbein, until a 
 study of that painter's career showed that he had probably been 
 dead for several years before it could have been painted — see note 
 to ApPLETON, No. 237, and Nicholls, No. 468. The inscrip- 
 tion quoted above is interesting because it links the names of father 
 and son, but the clumsy Latin does not clearly express which was 
 the knight or which the discoverer. There is no other evidence, 
 except PuRCHAs' " Sir Sebastian Cabot," in his Pilgrimes,iv. 1177, 
 that either was ever knighted. The official entries of his pension 
 payments style him "armiger" or esquire. 
 
 See note to Burrough, No. zo. 
 
 The official records which refer to Sebastian Cabot's career in 
 Spain and in England are arranged under Brewer, Charles V., 
 Edward VI., and Queen Mary, Nos. 14'', 66-70, 99-104, 166- 
 169, 
 
 CESPEDES (Andres Garcia de) Regimiento de nave- 
 gacion mando hazer el rei nves tro senor por orden de sv 
 conseio real de las indias a Andres Garcia de Ces pedes sv 
 cosmografo maior — [colophon] Madrid u.itcvi. (63) 
 
 Small folio. T -1- 4 11 -f- 11 1-184. 
 
 The reference to a map given to the Spanish king by " Sebas- 
 tian Caboto de nacion Ingles, Piloto bien conocido" is on 1. 137. 
 See No. 45. 
 
 CHANNING (Edward) Documents describing the 
 voyage of John Cabot in 1497. (64) 
 
 American History Leaflets . . . edited by Edward Channing of 
 Harvard University. — NeTv York, Lovell, No. ix.. May, 1893. 8vo, 
 pp. 1-14. This leaflet contains, in handy inexpensive form, good 
 translations of the important documents. 
 
 CHAPUYS (Eustace) [Letter to the Queen of Hun- 
 gary — London, 26 May, 1541. (65) 
 
 Manuscript in the Imperial Archives at Vienna, Rep. P. Fasc. 
 C. 232, ff. 24-27. 
 
 Deciphered and translated in Gayangos, Calendar of State 
 Papers {Spanish), vi. pt. i. 325-328. 
 
 The ambassador reports in this dispatch that "about two months 
 ago there was a deliberation in the English privy council as to the 
 expediency of sending two ships to the northern seas for the pur- 
 pose of discovering a passage between Islandt and Engroneland for 
 the Northern regions, where it was thought that, owing to the ex- 
 treme cold, English woollen cloths would sell for a good price. 
 To this end the king retained here for some time a pilot from 
 Ciuille well versed in affairs of the sea, though in the end the 
 
3° Catot Btbltograpbs 
 
 undertaking was abandoned, all owing to the king's not choosing 
 to agree to the pilot's terms. . . ." 
 
 The note under Wyatt., No. 231, gives the grounds for sur- 
 mising that this Sevillian pilot may have been Sebastian Cabot. 
 Beazlev, No. 256, pp. 163-165, doubts the possibility of this 
 identification. It has been suggested that Cabot may have sent an 
 agent to England, or that he may have instrufted some Sevillian 
 disciple in what he knew of the northern regions. 
 
 CHARLES V. Real c^dula . . . mandando se continue 
 
 a la viuda de Am^rico Vespucio la pension de loooo 
 
 maravedis sobre el sueldo de Sebastian Caboto, que habia 
 
 sucedido a Juan Diaz de Solis en el empleo de Piloto 
 
 mayor. — Pamplona^ 16 Noviembre, 1523. (66) 
 
 Manuscript in the Archives of the Indies, at Seville, Leg. no. i 
 
 de la Casa de la Contratacion, Lib. i" de Toma de Razon de Titulos y 
 
 nombramientos, 1^0^-161^, fol. 42. 
 
 Printed in Navarrete, Coleccion, iii. 308-309. The king, in 
 reply to Cabot's protest that he had received no notice, when he 
 accepted the position, that the pension of his predecessor's widow, 
 and of her sister after her death, would be dedufled from his salary 
 as pilot-major, ordered that this deduftion should continue to be 
 made in accordance with previous custom. 
 
 CHARLES V. ChA\A?i— Toledo, 25 Oaobre, 1525. (67) 
 
 Manuscript copy in the library of the Academia de la Historia, 
 at Madrid, Munoz Transcripts, Ixxvii. fol. 165. 
 
 Printed in Harrisse, J. et S. Cabot, 355. 
 
 This royal order confirms Cabot's request that 25,000 maravedis 
 which he received as gratuity, in addition to his salary, should be 
 paid to his wife, Catalina Medrano, during her lifetime, in case he 
 should die during the voyage of discovery he was about to under- 
 take " al descubriraiento de las islas de Tarsis e Ofir e al Catayo 
 oriental." 
 
 During the absence of Charles V. from Spain, the queen afting 
 as regent signed orders directing the Casa de Contratacion to pay 
 Sebastian Caboto certain sums on account of his salary, which had 
 been withheld on account of lawsuits pending against him. The 
 order for 11 March, 1531, called for 30 gold ducats or 1,250 mara- 
 vedis, and stated as a reason for the payment that Cabot had been 
 sick and was without means with which to maintain himself: esta 
 preso e detenido en esta Nuestra Corte, e que a cabsa de lo suso 
 dicho e de aber estado enfermo, e thiene muy gran necesidad, e non 
 thiene con que se alimentar et seguir sus pleytos. Original manu- 
 script in the Archives of the Indies at Seville, Est. 148, Caj. 2, 
 Leg. I ; printed in the Coleccion de documentos in^ditos de Indias, 
 xxxii. 449-450. The same references give similar orders for pay- 
 ments issued II May, 1531, and 12 March, 1532. (67*) 
 
Cabot 3Bibliograpbs 3' 
 
 An order from the queen direfting the Casa de Contratacion to 
 pay, out of the moneys due to Sebastian Caboto, the amount of 
 the fines and damages to which he had been condemned — see No. 
 37 and the Introduftion, p. xxxi — is in the Archives of the Indies at 
 Seville, Est. 14.8, Caj. z, Leg. i ; printed in the Coleccion de docu- 
 mentos iniditos de Indias, xxxii. 4.59-4.61. (*^7) 
 
 CHARLES V. C^dula, a los contadores majores — Bruselas, 
 19 Oaubre, 1548. (68) 
 
 Manuscript in the Archives at Simancas, Libro de CaTnara, 154.6- 
 1548, fol. 12Z-123. 
 
 Printed by Peres, in the Boletin Real Acad. Historia — Madrid, 
 April, 1893, xxii. 350-351. 
 
 The king, on learning that Cabot's vfife had died since the 
 issuance of the cedula noted above. No. 67, direfled that the 25,000 
 maravedis therein mentioned should thenceforth be paid to Cabot. 
 
 CHARLES V. Al presidente y consejeros de Indias — Bru- 
 selas, 5 Noviembre, 1548. (69) 
 
 Manuscript at Simancas, found with the preceding entry. 
 Printed by Peres, No. 476. 
 
 This document orders that Cabot shall be allowed to exercise 
 the duties, and the privileges, of his office as pilot-major, and to 
 examine pilots and shipmasters sailing to the Indies. 
 
 CHARLES V. A los oficiales de la casa de la Contra- 
 tacion de las Indias — Bruselas, 8 Noviembre, 1548. (70) 
 Manuscript at Simancas, with No. 68. Likewise printed by 
 Peres, No. 476. 
 
 A confirmation of No. 68. 
 
 CHARLES V. [Letter from the Emperor to Mary Tudor, 
 Queen of England — A Mons en Haynnau, 9 septembre, 
 
 1553- (71) 
 
 Printed by Cl. Hopper in Notes and Sjueries — London, 1862, 
 3 ser., i. 125; in Harrisse, J. et S. Cabot, 362-363. 
 
 An extraft, in English, is in Turnbull, Calendars {Foreign), 
 
 This letter contains a request, which the Emperor had instrufted 
 his ambassadors to explain in detail, that "le capitaine Cabote 
 cideuant pllote de noz Royaulmes despaigne " might be dismissed 
 and permitted to visit the Emperor, who wished to consult him 
 regarding maritime affairs : communiquer aucuns affaires con- 
 cernans la sheurete de la nauigation de noz Royaulmes et pays. 
 The Emperor explains that Cabot had had his permission to be 
 absent from his service : de nostre gre et consentement sest puis 
 aucunes annees passe en Angleterre. See the notes to Edward VI., 
 No. 102; Cheyne, No. 74; and Cabot, No. 59. 
 
32 Cabot Btblfograpbs 
 
 CHARLES V. [Letter to D. Philip, the heir-apparent — 
 Bruselas, 16-21 February, 1554. (72) 
 
 Manuscript in the archives at Simancas, Correspondencia con 
 Inglaterra, leg. 808. 
 
 Printed in the Coleccion Doc. Ined. Hist. Espana, Madrid, 1843, 
 iii. 508-511. 
 
 This letter, covering a communication from Cabot, No. 59, in- 
 strufts the Crown Prince to take the necessary precautions to meet 
 an Anglo-French expedition against Peru. 
 
 CHAUVETON (Urbain) Histoire novvelle dv novveav 
 monde, Contenant en somme ce que les Hespa-gnols ont 
 fait iusqu'a present aux indes Occidentales, & le rude 
 traitement qu'ils font a ces poures peuples-la. Extraite 
 de I'itaHen de M. Hierosme Benzoni ... & enrichie 
 de plusieurs Discours et choses digne de memoire. Par 
 M. Vrbain Chavveton. — Par Evstace Vignon. m.d.lxxix. 
 {Geneve.) (73) 
 
 8vo. T + 18 11 + pp 1-726. 
 
 La Historia del mondo n'vo'vo di M. Girolamo Benzoni Milanese 
 was published in Venice, 1565; reprinted, Venice, iS7^- ^" '57^ 
 M. Chauveton edited it for Vignon of Geneva, dividing the Italian 
 text into chapters and adding a few notes. It was reprinted, 
 Geneva, 1581; and, with further additions, in 1586 and 1600. 
 Chauveton also translated the work into French, as titled above, 
 making numerous additions to the notes. There are several Dutch 
 and German editions, from the Italian. Admiral W. H. Smyth 
 translated the 1572 edition into English for the Hakluyt Society, 
 London, 1857. 
 
 An account of a voyage northward in search of a route to 
 Cathay, undertaken in 1507 by Sebastian Cabot, is on p. 141. 
 The foreland of Bacallaos was discovered, but the cold and icebergs 
 forced the expedition to turn back at 67° north : L'an m.d.vii. il y 
 eut vn Pilote Venitien, nomme Sebastian Gabotto, qui entreprit 
 aux despens de Henry 7. Roy d'Angleterre de cercher quelque 
 passage pour aller en Catay par la Tramontane. Cestuy-la des- 
 couurit la pointe de Baccalaos ... & plus haut, iusqu'a soixante 
 sept degrez du Pole, mais le froid & les gros gla^ons, dont ceste 
 mer du North est pauee, le contraignirent de relascher, & s'en 
 reuenir sans rien faire. — Som. de Pierre Mart. This reference is 
 presumably intended for the S'vmmario described under RamusiO, 
 No. 192. The narratives are, however, entirely distinft ; Ramusio's 
 summary of Martyr gives the northern limit as 55°, and Martyr in 
 his own work gives no specific altitude. 
 
 For the date, see the Introduftion, pp. xvii-xviii. 
 
 This paragraph added by Chauveton does not appear in the 
 
Cabot JSibliograpbi? 33 
 
 editions which follow the one as originally published by Benzoni. 
 It is in the Latin and German editions in De Bry's " Grands 
 Voyages," Part iv., Latin, 1593, p. 69; German, 1594, p. 61. 
 See note under De Bry, p. 40. 
 
 CHEYNE (Sir Thomas) and HOBY (Sir Philip) 
 [Dispatch from the English Ambassadors to Charles V. 
 to the Privy Council in London — Brussels, 25 November, 
 
 1549- (74) 
 
 Manuscript in the British Museum, London, Cotton MSS. Galba 
 B. Xll. fol. 124.. 
 
 Printed in Harrisse, J. et S. Cabot, 359. 
 
 This letter conveys a request received through Antoine Perrenot, 
 Bishop of Arras, the Emperor's envoy in Flanders (Harrisse, Cabot, 
 321), that Cabot might be sent back to the Imperial service, "for- 
 asmuch as he cannot stand the king your M"^. in any greate 
 [stead] seing he hath smale praftise in these sees and is a v[erie] 
 necessary man for the emperour whose servaunt he is hath apenciou 
 of hym." 
 
 CHYTR^US (Nathan Kochhaff, alias) Variorvm 
 in Evropa itinervm deliciae ; sev, ex variis ma-nv-scriptis 
 sele£tio-ra tantvm inscri-ptionvm maxima recentium moriv- 
 menta. Quibus passim in Italia et Germania, Helvetia et 
 Bohemia, Dania et Cimbria, Belgio et Gallia, Anglia et 
 Polonia, &c. Templa, arae, scholae, bibliothecae, musera, 
 . . . sacella, sepulchra, &c. con-spicua sunt . . . Omnia 
 nuper colleda & hoc modo digesta a Nathane Chytrseo. 
 — Herborna Nassouiorum. 1594. (75) 
 
 i2mo. T + 9 11 + pp 1-846. 
 Reprinted in 1599 and 1606. 
 
 The Latin text of the legends described under Cabot, No. 55- 
 55=' is on pp. 773-795 (S99-6i4) 1606 edition), with the heading: 
 Oxonise. — Svbtabulis geographicis sequentes inscriptiones leguntur ; 
 quas non tam propter latinitatis, quae non magna est, elegantiam j 
 quam propter res ipsas cognitione non indignas hic subiicere 
 voluimus. 
 
 CONTARINI (Gasparo) [Dispatch from the Venetian 
 
 Ambassador at the Court of Spain, to the Senate of Venice 
 
 —P^alladolid, 31 December, 1522. (76) 
 
 Manuscript in the Marciana Library at Venice, It. CI. fll.. Cod. 
 
 Af/X, Cart. 281-283. 
 
 Printed in Bullo, No. 290, pp. 65-66. 
 
 Translated by Rawdon Brown, Calendar {Venice), 111. No. 607; 
 
 D 
 
34 dabot 3BibUograpbi3 
 
 and somewhat abbreviated in Markham, No. 451, pp. 219-223 ; 
 Beazley, No. 256, pp. 143-14.9. 
 
 In accordance with instruftions from Venice, No. 225, Contarini 
 reports that he had had three interviews with Sebastian Cabot. He 
 found that Cabot was highly esteemed : ha grande fama. At the 
 first interview, he handed Cabot the letter from the Ragusan 
 Marino de Bucignolo, upon reading which Cabot lost colour, 
 putting it in his pocket with the appearance of fear and uncertainty : 
 et legiendola si mosse tutto di colore. Da poij letta, stete cussi un 
 pocheto senza dirme altro quasi sbigotito et dubio. Having been 
 reassured, at their second conference Cabot stated that he was bom 
 in Venice, but brought up in England: "Signor Ambassator per 
 dirve il tuto io naqui a Venetia ma sum nutrito in Ingelterra." 
 About three years previous [see note under Drapers' Company, 
 No. 94.] he had returned from Spain to England, where Cardinal 
 Wolsey wished to place him in command of a fleet upon which 
 some 30,000 ducats were being expended. Cabot had been willing 
 to undertake this adventure, but was unable to do so without 
 securing the Emperor's permission, he being in the Spanish 
 service : la quale (armada) era quasi in ordine, et haveano pre- 
 parati per spender in essa ducati 30 m. Io li risposi che essendo 
 al servitio di questa Maesta, senza sua licentia non Io poteva servire, 
 ma che havendo bona licentia di qui io el serviria. While in Eng- 
 land, meantime, Cabot became intimate with a Venetian friar, 
 Stragliano Collona, who suggested to him that he ought to turn 
 his skill and knowledge to the benefit of his native city. The friar 
 apparently influenced him so strongly, when he acknowledged that 
 he knew of a way by which Venice might participate in these 
 navigations, that he probably spoke to the Venetian ambassador in 
 England regarding the projeft, and also took measures to prevent 
 the Emperor from granting Wolsey's request for the loan of his 
 services : Io gia parlai a Io ambassator della Illustrissima Signoria 
 in Ingelterra per la aff^eftione che io ho a la patria cum queste 
 terre novamente trovate de le quale io ho modo di dar gran utile a 
 quella terra. . . . In quelli giomi (ja tre anni) ragionando cum uno 
 frate Stragliano Collona veneto cum il quale havea amicitia grande, 
 mi fu difto dal prefato frate : Messer Sebastiano vui vi afFaticati 
 cussi grandemente per far beneficio a genti externe non vi ari- 
 cordate della vostra terra, non seria possibile che etiam lei havesse 
 qualche utilita da vuj. Alhora io mi risenti tutto nel core . . . li 
 dissi che io haveva modo di far quella Citta partecipe di questa 
 navigatione . . . et cussi perche servendo el Re d' Angelterra non 
 poteva piii beneficiar la patria mia, io scrissi alia Maesta Cesarea 
 che non me desse per niente licentia che servisse il Re de Engel- 
 terra perche li saria de danno grande, immo che subito me rivo- 
 casse. After returning to Venice, Cabot formed a great friendship 
 for the Ragusan, and eventually intrusted him with the offer of his 
 services to Venice. 
 
 Contarini praised his afFefllon for their native land, and promised 
 
Cabot ffiiblfograpbs 3S 
 
 to assist him in securing permission to go to Italy, the two agree- 
 ing to allege as a reason that Cabot must appear in Venice in 
 person in order to secure the dowry of his mother. The am- 
 bassador suggested some difficulties in the way of a voyage from 
 Venice to the newly-discovered portions of the globe, but Cabot, 
 without explaining his scheme, assured him that it was feasible, 
 and could be managed despite the control by Spain of the Strait at 
 Gibraltar and of the German coast on the North Sea, and the 
 impossibility of building ships on the Red Sea. Cabot maintained 
 that there was another way : Me rispose . . . io so perche io ho 
 navigato tutti quelli paesi at so ben il tuto, immo vi dico che non 
 vulsi tor il partido de il Re de Engelterra per beneficiar la patria, 
 perche se tolleva quel partido non restava poi via alcuna per Venetia. 
 At their third meeting Cabot spoke of the method he had 
 noticed for finding out the distance between two places east and 
 west of each other, by means of the compass needle. 
 
 CONTARINI (Gasparo) [Dispatch to the Senate at 
 Venice — Valladolid, 7 March, 1523. (77) 
 
 Manuscript in the Marciana Library at Venice, It. CI. VII., Cod. 
 MIX., Cart. 289. 
 
 Printed and translated as noted under No. 76. 
 
 The ambassador reports that Cabot had been to see him several 
 times, reaffirming his desire to serve Venice, but explaining that he 
 could not get away to go to Italy for at least three months, lest 
 the Spaniards suspeft him of a desire to visit England. Cabot 
 thought it desirable that a letter be written him, asking him to 
 come to Venice to expedite his private affairs. — See Marino de 
 BUCIGNOLO, No. 158. 
 
 CONTARINI (Gasparo) [Dispatch to Andrea Gritti, 
 Doge of Venice — Valladolid, 26 July, 1523. (78) 
 
 Manuscript in the Marciana Library at Venice, It. CI. ^11., Cod. 
 MIX., Cart. 302. 
 
 Printed and translated as noted under No. 76. 
 
 A report of slight progress in the negotiations with Cabot. 
 
 CONTARINI (Gasparo) [Report read in the Senate at 
 Venice^ 16 November, 1525. (79) 
 
 Manuscript in the State Archives at Turin, Cod. r, a, b, x, i, c. 
 138. 
 
 Printed in Alberi, No. 3, ist Ser., ii. 9-73. The reference to 
 Cabot, p. 54, is reprinted from the manuscript in Berchet, Raccolta 
 Colombiana, part iii. vol. i. 129. 
 
 In this report of his two years' mission in Spain, Contarini states 
 that the Emperor had placed an armada of five ships under the 
 command of Sebastiano Caboto, for the exploration of the South 
 
36 Ciabot 3BtbUogtapbs 
 
 American coast, and, secondly, for a voyage to the Indies : perche 
 andasse a investigare tutta quella costa primieramente, poi che 
 andasse etiam nell' Indie. 
 
 CONTARINI (Marcantonio) [Report read in the 
 Senate at Venice, 1536. (80) 
 
 Manuscript in the Imperial Library at Vienna, cod. Foscarini. 
 
 The paragraph referring to Cabot is printed by Berchet in the 
 Raccolta Colombiana, part iii. vol. i. 137. 
 
 This passage, the importance of which Vfas noted by Dr. 
 Errera, No. 342% at the time of its publication in 1893, states 
 that Sebastian Cabot was sent on a voyage of discovery by the 
 father of the reigning King of England, Henry VIII., and that, 
 having been forced to return from the ice-covered seas into which 
 he had ventured, he found on his arrival in England that the king 
 his patron was dead, and that the son, Henry VIII., who ascended 
 the throne in April, 1509, took little interest in the ideas of dis- 
 covery : cum 300 homeni navigo tanto che trovo il mare congelato, 
 ande convenne al Caboto ritornarsene senza havere lo intento suo, 
 cum presuposito pero di ritornarsene a quella impresa a tempo che 
 il mare non fosse congelato. Trovo il re, morto, ed il figlio 
 curarsi poco dl tale impresa. This evidence, recorded twenty-seven 
 years after the event, is the most definite and most satisfaftory 
 single source of information regarding the Cabot voyage, which is 
 supposed to have been undertaken at some time during the first 
 two decades of the sixteenth centuiy. See the Introduflion, pp. xvii, 
 xliv, and notes under Martyr, No. 160. 
 
 COOPER (Thomas) An Epitome of Cronicles. Con- 
 teyninge the whole discourse of the histories as well of 
 this realme of Eng-land as al other coutreys, with the 
 succesion of their kinges, the time of their reigne, and 
 what notable aftes they did : much profitable to be redde, 
 namelye of Magistrates, and such as have audtoritee in 
 com-mo weales, gathered out of most probable auiEtours. 
 Firste by Thomas Lanquet, from the be-ginning of the 
 worlde to the incarnacion of Christe, Secondely to the 
 reigne of our soueraigne lord king Edward the sixt by 
 Thomas Cooper, and thirdly to the reigne of our soue- 
 raigne Ladye Quene Elizabeth, by Robert Crow-ley. 
 Anno. 1 559. — Londini, In aedibus Thomae Marshe. (81) 
 4to. T -I- 26 11 -(- I blank If -|- fol. 1-280 (the foliation very 
 irregular) + 26 11 not numbered. Signatures A in 4 + A — F in 
 4s + A — Qq in 4s + i leaf (marked Rr 4) + Rr — Ffff in 4s -f- 
 Gggg in 6. 
 
Cabot BlbUograpbi? 37 
 
 Colophon on the refto of last leaf: Imprinted at London by 
 William Seres . . . 1559. The .v. daye of Apryll. 
 
 The first edition of Cooper's Chronicle was published in 1549, 
 printed by Thomas Berthelet, and recorded events down to 1547. 
 The date on the title to this edition is mdlxix, but the correft 
 year is given in the colophon. The wording of the title-page, 
 with slight variations in spelling, is followed in that of 1559, as 
 far as "Thomas Cooper." Cooper issued a new edition in 1560 — 
 see the following title — in the preface to which he states that upon 
 examining the Marshe and Seres edition of 1559, which had been 
 issued without any authorization from him, therein "I saw some 
 thynges of myne lefte out, and many thynges of others annexed ; 
 so dyd I finde almost fine hundred fautes and errours eyther of the 
 prynter, or els of hym that vndertooke the correftion . . . the 
 Edicion of . . . 1559 is none of myne, butthe attempte of certayne 
 persons vtterly vnlearned." (H. N. S.) 
 
 To these " vtterly vnlearned " editors, however, is due the in- 
 teresting statement on fol. sig. Eeee 3, under the date 1553 : "In 
 this meane whyle there were three noble shyppes furnyshed for the 
 great aduenture of the vnknowen viage into the easte by the north- 
 seas. The great encourager of this voiage was Sebastian Gaboto, 
 an englisheman, borne at Bristow, but a Genoways sonne. These 
 shyps dyd shortly after passe gallantly by Grenewiche in the kynges 
 presence, one of the maryners standyng vpon the mayne topmaste 
 of one of them." 
 
 See Harrisse, Cabot, 16-18, for an elaborate discussion of the 
 authorship and probable trustworthiness of the statement regarding 
 the nationality of the Cabots. Harrisse shows apparently good 
 reasons for ascribing this paragraph to the hack-writer, printer, and 
 preacher, Crole or Crowley, who was living in London during the 
 years 1551-1554., when Cabot was also presumably living there. 
 
 COOPER (Thomas) Coopers Chroni-cle, conteininge 
 the whole discourse of the histories as well of this realme, 
 as all other countries, . . . newly enlarged and augmented, 
 as well in the first part with diuers profitable Histo-ries, as 
 in the latter ende with the whole summe of those thinges 
 that Paulus Jouius and Sleidane hath written of late 
 yeres, that is, from the beginnyng of Kyng Hen-rie the 
 eightes raigne vnto the late death of Queene Ma-rie, by 
 me Thomas Coo-per. — Landini, 1560. (82) 
 
 4to. T + 29 11 -t" 11 1-377 + I !• 
 
 The reference to Cabot, fol. 357, is under the date 1553 : "Aboute 
 this time in England by the encourageynge of one Sebastian Gaboto 
 three great shippes wel furnished were set forthe, for the aduenture 
 of vnknowen viage to Moscovia and other easte partes by the North 
 seas." 
 
38 Cabot 3BfbUograpbi? 
 
 A new edition, with further additions, was issued by Cooper, 
 August ist, 1565. The Cabot passage was changed so as to state 
 that of the three ships, " by chaunce one arriued in Moscouia, and 
 other east parts by the north seas." (H. N. S.) 
 
 COOTE (Charles Henry). 
 
 See Desceliers, No. 89, for Mr. Coote's Introduftion to Lord 
 Crawford's facsimiles of three mappemondes. Mr. Coote's other 
 Cabotian writings are described as Nos. 305 and 306. 
 
 CORTES (Hernan) [Letter addressed to Sebastian Cabot, 
 — (Mexico) 28 May, 1527. (83) 
 
 Manuscript in the Archives of the Indies at Seville, Patronato 
 Real, Leg. 6. 
 
 Printed in Navarrete, Coleccion, v. 457-459. 
 
 In response to instniftions from Spain, Cortes despatched an 
 expedition to the Moluccas under the command of Alvaro de 
 Saavedra. This was designed to co-operate with or assist, as might 
 prove necessary, the expeditions of Cabot and Loaisa. Saavedra 
 was furnished with an explanatory letter of introduftion to Cabot, 
 and with similar letters to the members of Cabot's fleet, as well as 
 to various potentates of sundry realms in the Spice regions, upon 
 whose territories chance might land him. These letters, together 
 with the journal of the expedition, are printed by Navarrete, 
 Coleccion, v. 440-486. (83^) 
 
 COSA (Juan de la) Juan de la cosa la fizo en el puerto 
 de Sa: mja. en aiSo de 1500. (84) 
 
 A manuscript map of the known world, in colours, on an ox-hide 
 measuring 180 x 96 centimetres, or 5 ft. 9 x 3 ft. 2. 
 
 This map probably belonged originally to the office of the Spanish 
 Minister of Marine at Madrid. It was found in a bric-a-brac shop 
 in Paris in 1832 by Baron Walckenaer. At the sale of his library 
 in 1853, — catalogue No. 2904, — it was purchased by the Queen of 
 Spain, and now hangs in the Naval Museum at Madrid. 
 
 A facsimile, the size of the original, coloured by hand, was pub- 
 lished by Sres. Canovas Vallejo and Traynor in 1892. It was 
 accompanied by : 
 
 ENSAYO biografico del celebre navegante y consumado cosmo- 
 grafo Juan de la Cosa y descripcion e historia de su famosa 
 carta geografica por Antonio Vascano. — Madrid, Oftubre, 
 1892. (85) 
 
 Xvo. 2 T + pp 5-109. 
 
 The text is in Spanish, French, and English. 
 
 Another facsimile, in colours, is in Jomard, Monument! de la 
 Geographic, — Paris, 1862, pi. xvi, in three sheets. There is also an 
 
Cabot Btbltograpbs 39 
 
 admirable facsimile in the Museo Espanol de Antigiiedades, baja la 
 direccion del doftor Don Juan de Dios de la Rada y Deigado, iv, 
 — Madrid, 1875. It illustrates an excellent descriptive essay on the 
 map, pp. 1 13-124., by D. Cesareo Fernanclez Duro. Another re- 
 duced facsimile accompanies Dawson, Latest Phases, No. 319. 
 The American portions are sketched with varying accuracy in 
 Humboldt, Examen, v, and in his appendix to Ghillany, Ge- 
 schichte Martin Behaims, Niirnberg, 1853, reissued in the Amsterdam 
 Seeskabinet ; in Kretschmer, pi. vii ; and in most of the good 
 books on American discovery. See Harrisse, Disco'very, 4.12-415, 
 for a transcript of the American names, made from a full-size photo- 
 graph taken in 1889. (84') 
 
 Along the north-eastern coast of the newly discovered regions is 
 the legend : Mar descubierta por inglese — Sea discovered by the 
 English. Against this coast, which supports five English flags, are 
 placed 21 names, of which Harrisse says: " A priori this first series 
 of names was borrowed by La Cosa from an English map, as it 
 describes a region which in 1 500 had been visited only by British 
 mariners." The north-easternmost name against the mainland is 
 Cauo de ynglaterra — England's Cape ; near by is Cauo de S. iohan, 
 and the southernmost are C° de S. Jorge and Cauo descubierto — the 
 cape discovered. 
 
 Efforts to identify the coast along which Cabot sailed in 1497, or 
 14.98, by means of this earliest cartographic evidence, and thus to 
 establish the location of his landfall, have been made with widely 
 and curiously divergent results by nearly every writer who has treated 
 of the Cabot problems. 
 
 COTTONIAN CHRONICLE or CRONICON RE- 
 GUM ANGLIAE. 
 
 The Cronicon now in the British Museum, which resembles so 
 closely the " Old Chronicle, written by Robert Fabyan," used 
 by Stow and Hakluyt, is described under Fabyan, No. 103. 
 
 CRAWFORD AND BALCARRES (The Earl of). 
 
 The mappemondes reproduced in facsimile by Lord Crawford 
 are described under Desceliers, No. 89. 
 
 CROWLEY (Robert). 
 
 The unauthorized edition of Cooper's Chronicle, edited by 
 Crowley and published by Marshe and Seres, London, 1559, is 
 described under Cooper, No. 81. 
 
 DAHLGREN (Erik Wilhelm). 
 
 Mr. Dahlgren's facsimile of the Santa Cruz mappemonde is 
 described under No. 204. 
 
4° Cabot JBfbliograpbs 
 
 DAVIS (John) The Worldes Hy-drographical Discription. 
 Wherein is proued not onely by au6lhori-tie of writers, 
 but also by late experience of trauellers and reasons of sub- 
 stantiall pro-babilitie that the worlde in all his Zones 
 Clymats and places, is habitable and inhabi-ted, and 
 the Seas likewise uniuersally Naui-gable without any 
 naturall anoyance to hin-der the same whereby appeares 
 that from England there is a short and speedie passage into 
 the South Seas, to China, Molucca, Phil-Iipina, and India, 
 by Northerly Nauiga-tion, to the renowne honour and be- 
 nifit of her Maiesties state, and Communalty. Published 
 by I. Davis of Sandrudg by Dartmouth . . . 1595. May 
 27. Imprinted at London by Tho-mas Dawson. 1595. 
 
 (86) 
 
 Small 8vo. T + 23 11. 
 
 Reprinted in Hakluyt, 1809-12, No. 130, iv. (1811) 451-468 ; 
 and in No. 87. 
 
 The text opens with the statement that the unsuccessful attempts 
 made by Sebastian Cabotta had proved the impossibility of a 
 north-west passage. 
 
 DAVIS (John) The voyages and works of John Davis 
 the navigator. Edited by Albert Hastings Markham. — 
 London, for the Hakluyt Society, mdccclxxx. (87) 
 
 8vo. 2 T + 4 11 + PP xcv -|- 392 -t- map + plate. 
 This volume is accompanied by the map described below under 
 MoLYNEUX, No. 174. See Coote, No. 305. 
 The Hydrographical Description is on pp. 191-228. 
 
 DE BRY (Theodor). 
 
 The reference to Cabot's 1507 voyage in De Bry's "Grands 
 Voyages," part iv. cap. xiiii. is mentioned under Chauveton, 
 No. 73. 
 
 The best bibliographic description of this colleftion of voyages 
 is in Bibliotheca Lindesiana, Collations and Notes y No. 3, Grands et 
 Petits Voyages of De Bry. By LuDovic, Earl of Crawford 
 AND Balcarres, — ioKflfoB, 1 8 84. Large 4to. 2 T -j- viii + 215 
 PP + T 4- 33 facsimile plates. 
 
 DEE (John) loannes Dee Anno, 1580. (88) 
 
 Manuscript map of North America and the transatlantic coasts 
 of Europe, in the British Museum, London ; measuring 40^ x 
 26i inches j or 104 x 67.5 centimetres. 
 The cartography is apparently derived from Spanish sources. 
 
dabot Biblfograpbs 41 
 
 On the back is a carefully written manuscript memorandum, 
 headed : " To the Queenes Maiesties Title Royall to these foreyn 
 Regions, and Hands, doe appertayn .4. poynts. 
 
 1. The Clayme in particular: 
 
 2. The Reason of the Clayme : 
 
 3. The Credit of the Reason : 
 
 4.. The value of that Credit by force of Law. 
 
 A brief Remembrance of sundry forein Regions, Discovered, 
 inhabited, and partly Conquered by the Subieils of this Brytish 
 Monarchie : And so the lawfiall Title of our Soveraigne Lady 
 Queene Elizabeth, for the due Clayme and iust Recovery of the 
 same disclosed. Which in efFeft is a Title Royall to all the Coasts 
 and Hands, begining at or abowt Terra Florida, alongst or nere 
 vnto Atlantis, going Northerly, and then to all the most Northen 
 Hands, great and small, and so cumpassing abowt Greenland vntill 
 the Territories opposite, vnto the fardest Easterly and Northen 
 Bownds of the Duke of Moscovia his Dominions : which last 
 Bownds are from our Albion more than half the Sea voyage to the 
 Cathayen westerly and Northen Sea Coasts, as most evidently, and 
 at large yt is declared in the volume of Famous and Ryche 
 Discoveries." Among the reasons adduced are : 
 
 2. Circa an. 1494 Mr. Robert Thorn his father, and Mr. Eliot 
 of Bristow discovered Newfownd Land. (88*) 
 
 4. Circa an. 1497. Sebastian Caboto, sent by King Henry the 
 seventh did Discover from Newfownd Land, so far along and 
 abowt the Coasts next to Laborador tyll he came to the Latitude of 
 .67-1. And styll fownd the Seas open before him. (SS*") 
 
 The correft date, 1497, is interesting in view of the confusion 
 in Hakluyt and other contemporary chroniclers. The obvious in- 
 tention of this memorandum to influence the Queen is suggestive 
 of Hakluyt's No. 126. 
 
 This description is from a photograph, the size of the original 
 map, made for Mr. F. W. Lucas, to whose kindness the compiler 
 is indebted for a copy. 
 
 DESCELIERS (Pierre) [Mappemonde drawn after 
 1536, probably by Pierre Desceliers. (89) 
 
 Manuscript in the British Museum, Add. MS. 5413 ; on parch- 
 ment, 8 ft. 2 X 3 ft. II. 
 
 The southern, Australian, portions of this map have been 
 reproduced several times, but the other parts of the map were not 
 available for study outside of London prior to the publication by 
 Lord Crawford of an autotype full-size facsimile, in fifteen sheets, 
 as described below. 
 
 The map is undated and unsigned, but Mr. Coote, in No. 90, 
 states that the clear references to Cartier's first voyage to New 
 France, and the resemblance to other work signed by Desceliers, 
 permit a very close approximation to the date 1536, and reasonable 
 certainty as to authorship. The map has been frequently referred 
 
42 Cabot Btbllograpbg 
 
 to heretofore as " Harleian Mappemonde," and its date is given 
 variously as 1533 by KoHL, see Harrisse, Disco'very, 647; before 
 1554 by WiNSOR, America, iv. 85-89, where it is confounded with 
 the Jomard-Crawford map, No. 91 below ; and by others at inter- 
 vening years. The best account of the St. Lawrence region as 
 represented on this map is in the Re'uie'w of Historical Publications 
 relating to Canada, — Toronto, 1899, iii. 47-52. 
 
 Mr. Harrisse, in the Gottingiscbe gelehrte Anzeigen, No. 6, 1899, 
 examines Mr. Coote's statements, and gives his reasons for believing 
 that the map could not have been drawn before Oftober 1542. 
 
 The chief Cabotian interest of this map lies in the faft that it is 
 an early example of the Dieppe school of cartography, another 
 example of which — Desliens,No. 93 — apparently served as proto- 
 type for portions of the 1544 Cabot map. A comparison of these 
 shows that the maker of this map was able to give a more accurate 
 portrayal of the Newfoundland region, but that he knew far less 
 about the La Plata country than the author of the 1 544 map. 
 
 This map, together with two later works ascribed to Desceliers, 
 was reproduced by the Earl of Crawford and Balcarres in : 
 
 BiBLiOTHECA LiNDEsiANA Collations and notes N0.4 Autotype 
 facsimiles of three mappemondes . . . with an introduftion, 
 including a short notice on Desceliers' later mappemonde of 
 1553 by Charles Henry Coote — Privatelv printed mdcccxcviii. 
 
 (90) 
 4to. 2 T + pp 5-18 : Atlas, 49 sheets, 100 copies printed. 
 
 Besides No. 89, this contains facsimiles of: 
 
 (i) Mappemonde : Faifles a Arques par [Pierre Desceliers, 
 
 presb".] 1546. (91) 
 
 Manuscript, in the library of Lord Crawford, Haigh Hall, 
 
 Wigan, England, Bihl. Lind, French MS. No. 150 ; on parchment, 
 
 8 ft. 2 X 4 ft. i\. 
 
 This map formerly belonged to M. Jomard, who reproduced it 
 in his Monuments de la Gdographie, — Paris, 1862, pi. xix. 1-6. M. 
 Jomard not observing the almost obliterated inscription, it was 
 styled by him the " Henri II." mappemonde, by which name it is 
 frequently referred to. Mr. Harrisse, in the critical essay noted 
 under No. 89, expresses doubts as to the propriety of ascribing this 
 map to Desceliers. (91*) 
 
 The increased knowledge of the St. Lawrence River region, 
 recorded on this map, deprives it of any especial Cabotian interest. 
 The more noticeable increase in ignorance of the basin of La Plata, 
 which is also seen in the following map, may have some significance 
 for those who would explain the inaccuracies in the 1 544 Cabot map. 
 
 (2) Mappemonde: Faifle a Arqves Par Pierres Desceliers 
 Pbre: L'an : 1550. (92) 
 
 Manuscript in the British Museum, Add. MS. 24,065; on parch- 
 ment, 7 ft. 2 X 4 ft. 5. 
 
Cabot Bibliograpbs 43 
 
 DESLIENS (NicotAs) [Mappemonde : faifte a Dieppe 
 par Nicolas Desliens, 1541. (93) 
 
 Manuscript in the Royal Library at Dresden, Geogr. A. 52. M. ; 
 on parchment, 41 x ^.zt inches, or 104. x 57.5 centimetres. 
 
 This map was described for the first time by Ruge, Enti/jickel- 
 ung der Kartographie, — Gotha, 1892, 61-63. There is a facsimile of 
 the Newfoundland regions in Harrisse, Cabot, 95. Mr. Harrisse 
 shows clearly that the representation of the Gulf of St. Lawrence on 
 the 1 544 Cabot map was derived from this or from some very similar 
 map. According to Dr. Ruge, the South American portions, and 
 especially La Plata, are less accurate than in the 1 544. map. 
 
 See notes to Desceliers, Nos. 89 and 91^. 
 
 DRAPERS' COMPANY OF LONDON [An answer 
 made to serten of the kings counsell as consernyng the kings 
 shippes to be occupy ed — i March-9 April, 1521. (94) 
 
 Archives of the Drapers' Company, London, Wardens Manuscript 
 Accounts, vii. fol. 86-87. 
 
 Printed first by Harrisse, Discovery, ■j/^-j--j^o. Noted in 
 Herbert, Tnuel've Great Li'verj Companies, 1837, i. 410. 
 
 These records show that "the king & my lord Cardinall 
 [Wolsey] and the Counsell thynketh . . . that there be appoynted 
 a c'tayn no"rabre of ships to be prepared for a viage to be made 
 into the newe found Hand . . . (this gild) to furnyshe v shipps . . . 
 The king's Grace to prepare them in takyll ordena"nce and all other 
 necessaries at his charge. And also the king to here the advento'' 
 . . . the m'chaunts &companys tobeat the charge of the vitaylling 
 and mennys wages . . . for one hole yere and the shipps not to be 
 above vj'" ton apece." Exclusive trading privileges were granted 
 for ten years, and release from customs dues " xv monthes & xv 
 monthes." Bristol had already promised to fiirnish two ships. 
 
 In their reply, the wardens declare that the king and his coun- 
 cillors " were duely and substa"ncially enformed in suche man' as 
 perfite knowledge myght be had by credible reporte of maisters & 
 mariners naturally born within this Realm of England having ex- 
 perience, and exercised in and abowt the forsaid Hand as wele in 
 knowlege of the land, the due courses of the seey thiderward and 
 homeward, as in knowlege of the havenes . . . dayngers, & 
 sholds there vppon that coste . . . that than it were the Jesse jopardy 
 to aventer thider, than it is nowe, all though it be ferther hens than 
 fewe English maryners can tell. 
 
 " And we thynk it were to sore avenf to joperd v shipps with 
 men & goods vnto the said Hand vppon the singuler trust of one 
 man callyd as we vnderstond Sebastyan, whictie Sebastyan as we here 
 say was neu' in that land hym self, all if he maks reporte of many 
 things as he hath hard his Father and other men speke in fymes past. 
 
 " And also we say that if the said Sebastyan had bene there and 
 were as cofiyng a man in & for thoos parties as any man myght be 
 
44 Cabot BibUograpbg 
 
 having non other assista"nts of maisters & maryn's of Englond 
 exercised & labored in the same p'ties for to guyd there shipps and 
 other charges than we knowe of, but onely trusting to the said 
 Sebastyan, we suppos it were no wysdom to avenf lyves & goods 
 thider in suche man'. What for fere of syknes or dethe of the said 
 Sebastian, . . ." 
 
 Despite the efforts of the eleven crafts, the crown insisted upon 
 organizing the expedition. The Drapers with much difficulty 
 subscribed 200 marks. 
 
 It has been assumed, and there seem to be no good reasons for 
 doubting, that the " said Sebastyan " was surnamed Cabot. Mr. 
 Harrisse, Cabot, 168-173, finds in this protest a strong confirmation 
 of his estimate of the charafter of Sebastian. He also sees in the 
 plea for "mariners born within the realm" a proof of Cabot's 
 foreign nativity. The payment to Goderyk mentioned in the will 
 of Sir Thomas Lovell — see Brewer, No. 14* — may have had some 
 connexion with this expedition, as Harrisse suggests. What appears 
 to be Cabot's statement regarding his relations to this episode is 
 quoted in the notes to No. 76. 
 
 EDEN (Richard) A treatyse of the newe India, with 
 other new founde landes and Ilandes, aswell eastwarde as 
 westwarde, as they are knowen and found in these oure 
 dayes, after the descripcion of Se-bastian Munster in his 
 boke of vni-uersall Cosmographie . . . Translated out of 
 Latin into Englishe. By Rycharde Eden. — [Colophon] 
 1553. Imprinted at London. (95) 
 
 i2mo. T + loi 11. 
 Reprinted in Arber, No. 6, pp. 3-42. 
 
 A reference to an expedition " vnder the gouemaunce of Sebastian 
 Cabot yet liuing, & one syr Thomas Perte, whose faynt heart was 
 the cause that that viage toke none effeft," which " Kinge Henry 
 the .viij. about the same yere of his raygne, furnished & sent forth 
 certen shippes," is on 1. sig. aa . iiij, or Arber, 6, with comments 
 on p. xiii. See the Introduflion, p. xliv. 
 
 EDEN (Richard) The decades of the newe worlde or 
 west India, Conteynyng the nauigations and conquestes of 
 the Spanyardes, with the particular de-scription of the 
 moste ryche and large landes and Ilandes lately founde in 
 the west Ocean . . . many secreates touchynge the lande, 
 the sea, and the starres, very necessarie to be knowe to al 
 such as shal attempte any nauigations . . . Wrytten in the 
 Latine tounge by Peter Martyr of Angleria, and translated 
 into Englysshe by Rycharde Eden — Londini, 1555. (96) 
 Small 4to. T + 23 11 + map + 11 1-361 + 13. 
 
Cabot Bibliograpbs 45 
 
 Reprinted in Arber, No. 6, pp. 4.3-397. 
 
 The edition of 1577, edited by Willes, is described as No. 230. 
 
 The Cabot passages are on 1. sig, c. i, where " Rycharde Eden to 
 the reader" states that "the woorthy owlde man yet lyuing 
 Sebastiane Cabote . . . touched only in the north comer and most 
 barbarous parte hereof, from whense he was repulsed with Ise in the 
 moneth of July" : 
 
 LI. II 8-1 19, where Eden misunderstood Martyr to say that 
 Cabot was "one of owre counsayle and assystance as touchynge the 
 affayres of the newe Indies," which modern writers have assumed to 
 imply that Cabot belonged to the Spanish Council for the Indies : 
 
 LI. 255-256, where a marginal note to Ramusio's story of the 
 Mantuan gentleman — No. 194. — states that " Cabote tould me that 
 he was borne in Brystowe," and that he also " tould me that (at La 
 Plata) he sowed 1. graynes of weate," which may fairly be assumed 
 to show why Eden correfted this wheat story, on 1. 317, where he 
 gives a free version of legend 7 on the 1544 Cabot map — No. 55' 
 — " as he wryteth in his owne carde . . . they gathered therof two 
 thousande and fiftie . . . wherin sume beinge deceaued and mis- 
 takynge the thynge, haue wrytten . . . fyftie thousande and two." 
 This passage from the map is interpolated in the middle of Eden's 
 very free rendering from Gomara, whose Baccalaos passage is on 11. 
 317-318. Ziegler's version of Martyr, No. 232, is on 1. 268, with 
 the note : " Cabote tould me that this Ise is of fresshe water." 
 
 EDEN (Richard) A very necessarie and profitable Booke 
 concer-ning Nauigation, compiled in Latin by loannes 
 Taisnie-rus, a publike professor in Rome, Ferraria, & 
 other Uniuersities in Italic of the Mathematicalles, named 
 a treatise of continuall Mo-tions. Translated into Englishe, 
 by Richarde Eden. — Imprinted at London by Richarde 
 lugge. (97) 
 
 Small 4to. T -t- 41 11. 
 
 The date of publication was later than 1573, and probably about 
 1 575. Captain Markham, Dwuis' Voyages, p. 356, follows the British 
 Museum catalogue in dating it 1579, without comment. No books 
 printed by Jugge are known with a later date than 1 577. 
 
 This translation contains much the same matter, diiferently 
 arranged, as the original : 
 
 OPVSCVLVM Perpetva Me-moria dignissimvm, de natvra mag- 
 netis, et eivs eifeftibvs. Authore loanne Taisnierio Hannonio 
 — Coloniae, Apud Joannem Birckmannum, m.d.lxii. (98) 
 
 4to. T -1- 45 leaves (paged 1-80, but incorreftly). Sigs. A-K 
 in 4s -(- L in 6. The last leaf is a portrait of the author, which is 
 also repeated on the verso of the title. 
 
 Eden's Epistle Dedicatorie, 1. sig. 3, tells of how " the knowledge 
 of the longitude myght be founde. . . . Sebastian Cabot on his 
 
46 Cabot Bi&If ograpb^ 
 
 death bed tolde me that he had the knowledge thereof by diuine 
 reuelation, yet so, that he myght not teache any man. But I thinke 
 that the good olde man, in that extreme age, somewhat doted, 
 and had not yet euen in the article of death, vtterly shaken of all 
 worldlye vayne glorie." 
 
 M. d'Avezac discusses Eden's work as a translator in the Re'vue 
 Critique, v. 265. 
 
 EDWARD VI., KING OF ENGLAND The large 
 pension graunted by K. Edward the 6. to Sebastian 
 Cabota, constituting him grand Pilot of England — West- 
 minster^ 6 Januarie, 1548. (99) 
 Printed in Hakluyt, Principall Na'vigations, 1589, 519-520, in 
 Latin and English. Also in Rymer, Faedera, vi. pt. iii. 170. 
 
 This is the grant of a yearly salary of £166 13J. 4^., payable 
 quarterly, and beginning from the preceding Feast of St. Michael 
 the Archangel, 29 September. 
 
 Two records, printed by Dasent, Ails of the Pri'vy Council of 
 England, — London, 1890,11. 137, 320, seem to show that Cabot's 
 return to England in 1547-48 was the result of negotiations with 
 the English Government. 
 
 1 547, 9 Oftober ; Mr. Peckham had Warrant for 100 li for the 
 transporting of one Shabot a Pilot to come out of Hispain to serve 
 and inhabit in England. (i°o) 
 
 1549, 2 September; Thexchequer had warrant for C li to 
 Henry Oystrynge by him taken up by Exchaunge for condufting 
 of Sebastian Sabott. (loi) 
 
 The ambassador of Charles V. presented to the Council of 
 Edward VI. a request from the Emperor asking for the return of 
 Cabotte, 29 January, 1549-50. An answer was promised after due 
 consideration, according to the Council memorandum printed in 
 Dasent, ASs, ii. 374. The answer was given in April, and was 
 reported, as follows : 
 
 EDWARD VI. [Dispatch from the King's Council to 
 Sir Philip Hoby — Grenewich, 21 April, 1550. (102) 
 
 Manuscript memorandum in the British Museum, Harleian 
 MSS. s^Z,fol- 6-7 bis. 
 
 Printed by Hopper in Notes and Sfueries, London, 15 February, 
 1862, 3 Ser. i. 125, and by Harrisse, 5*. et S. Cabot, 359-360. 
 An abstrafl: was printed in J. G. Nichols, Literary Remains of 
 King Ediuard VI. — London, 1857, No. 470. This dispatch in- 
 formed the English ambassador at Brussels that the Emperor's 
 representative in London had confirmed the request for Cabot's 
 return — see Cheyne, No. 74 — and that in reply the Council 
 declared that Cabot " was not deteined heere by vs, but that he of 
 
Cabot Bibliograpbs m 
 
 himself refused to go either into Spayne or to the emp""' ... he 
 being the kinges subiefte." The Spanish ambassador thereupon 
 sought an interview with Cabot, which was granted in the presence 
 of Richard Shelley, as representative of the Council. Cabot con- 
 firmed the statements made by the Council, but added that " hauing 
 knowlege of certein thinges verie necessarie for the Emp"" know- 
 lege, he was well contented for the good well he here themp" to 
 write his mind vnto him, or declare the same here to enie such as 
 shulde be appointed to heare him." Thereupon the ambassador 
 asked Cabot if he would visit the Emperor in case the Council 
 commanded him to do so. "Wherunto Cabot made aunswere as 
 Shelley reportethe . . . then he knew wel inoughe what he had to 
 do." With this the ambassador was perforce seemingly contented. 
 
 See Charles V. No. 71, and Cabot, No. 59, for the renewal 
 of these efforts to secure Cabot's return to Spain, after Queen 
 Mary succeeded Edward VI. 
 
 A gratuity of £200 — icj li by way of the K. M. rewarde — was 
 paid to Cabote at the direction of the Council, 26 June, 1550 : see 
 Dasent, ASs, iii. 55 ; Harrisse, Cabot, 450. Strype, Me- 
 morials, ii. pt. ii. 76, mentions a grant of the same amount to 
 Cabot in March, 1551. ('°3) 
 
 There is a record in the Tellers Rolls, 100 (Harrisse, Cabot, 
 451), which shows that Cabot was paid one quarter of his salary or 
 pension, ^^41 13^-. 4^., on 17 April, 1551. (104) 
 
 FABYAN (Robert) Cronicon regum Angliae et Series 
 Maioru et vicecomitu Ciuitatis London ab Anno primo 
 Henrici tertii ad Annu primu Hen: 8"'. [etc., etc.] (105) 
 
 Manuscript in the British Museum, MS. Cott. Vitellitu, A xvi. 
 
 The passage referring to Cabot, on fol. 173, was printed by 
 Hale, in the Proceedings of the American Antiquarian Society, 
 21 Oftober, 1865, p. 22; and, following the original spelling more 
 carefully, by Dexter, in the Proceedings of the same society — 
 Worcester, 1881, new series, i. 440. 
 
 This apparently contemporary chronicle states under 13 H. VII. 
 (1497) that "This yere the kyng at the besy request and Suppli- 
 cacon of a Straunger venisian which by a Caart made hym self 
 expert in knowyng of the world caused the kyng to manne a ship 
 w' vytaill & other necessaries for to seche an Hand wheryn the said 
 Straunger Surmysed to be grete comodities / w' which Ship by the 
 kyngf grace so went iij or iiij moo owte of Bristowe the said 
 Straunger beyng Conditor of the said Flete/ wheryn dyuers 
 nJchauntf as well of London as Bristow aventured goodf & Sleight 
 flchaundises which depted from the West Cuntrey in the begynnyng 
 of §omer but to this psent moneth came nevir knowlege of their 
 exployt." — \Re-read and cmreSed from the original MS., No'U. 1899.] 
 
 This chronicle, or one bearing a close resemblance to it, formed 
 the basis for the Cabot statements in Stow, Chronicle, No. 212, 
 
48 Cabot JSiblfograpbis 
 
 where Robert Fabyan is referred to as the authority; and also, 
 through Stow or Holinshed, No. 14.6, for statements printed by 
 Hakluyt in 1582, 1589, and 1599. Much doubt and controversy 
 has arisen from the faft that Stow wrote, in place of " a Straunger 
 venisian," "one Sebastian Gabato a genoas sonne borne in Bris- 
 tow"; while Hakluyt, in 1582, has it "A Venetian," in 1589, 
 and in 1599, "one John Cabot, a Venetian," the paragraph in both 
 cases having the heading : " A note of Sebastian Gabotes voyage 
 . . . taken out of an old Chronicle written by Robert Fabian . . . 
 in the custodie of John Stowe." The changes made by Hakluyt 
 were discussed, with considerable show of feeling, by Biddle, No. 
 261, pp. 41-45, and Tytler, No. 555, pp. 421-427: see Har- 
 RisSE, Cabot, 25, 131, 396; and Dexter, No. 331. Very little 
 attention has been paid to the extremely significant information 
 contained in the remainder of this paragraph. 
 
 Possible motives for interpolating a "forged account of Cabot's 
 return alleged to have been copied " from the Stow manuscript are 
 suggested by E. J. Payne, No. 473, p. 235. 
 
 Another chronicle credited to Fabyan, of which nothing is 
 now Icnown, is mentioned under Stow, No. 212. 
 
 FERDINAND AND ISABELLA [Dispatch from their 
 Catholic Majesties to Ruy Gonzales de Puebla — Tortosa, 
 28 March, 1496. (106) 
 
 Manuscript at Simancas, Estado, Capitulaciams con Inglaterra, 
 Leg. 2, fol. 1 6. 
 
 Printed by Harrisse, J. et S. Cabot, 315-316. 
 
 There is an English version in Bergenroth, Calendars (Spain), 
 i. 88-89. 
 
 One paragraph in this dispatch to the Spanish ambassador in 
 England shows that he had reported the efforts of " another 
 Columbus," uno como Colon, to interest the English king in the 
 affairs of the Indies, without prejudice to the rights of Spain or 
 Portugal. Their Spanish Majesties in reply suggest that this effort 
 may have been inspired by the French king in order to distraft 
 the attention of Henry VII. It is apparently implied that nothing 
 can be done without injury to Spain or Portugal. See Gonzales 
 DE Puebla, No. 120. 
 
 FERDINAND OF ARAGON [Letter to "Milor de 
 Uliby Capitan R. de Jngl*" — Logrono, 13 September, 
 
 1512- (107) 
 
 Manuscript copy in the Library of the Academy of History at 
 
 Madrid, Munoz Transcripts, xc. fol. 109. 
 
 The sentence referring to Cabot is printed in Harrisse, J. et 
 
 S. Cabot, 331. 
 The Spanish king requested Lord Willoughby de Broke, who 
 
Cabot Bibliograpbs 49 
 
 commanded the English forces which landed at Pasages, Spain, in 
 June, 1512, to send him Sebastian Caboto Ingles, from whom the 
 king desired to obtain serviceable information : porque yo quiero 
 saber del cosas de ntro servicio. 
 
 This letter is mentioned by Herrera, Dec. i, lib. ix, cap. xiii 
 (1730 edition, No. 14.3 n, i. 254), who states that the king's objeft 
 was to discover a strait leading to the Spiceries, and for this purpose 
 he desired to secure the services of persons acquainted with the 
 Bacallaos. (107a) 
 
 FERDINAND OF ARAGON [Letter to Sebastian 
 Caboto — Logrono, 13 September, 151 2. (108) 
 
 Manuscript at Madrid, Munoz Transcripts, xc. fol. 115. 
 
 Printed in Harrisse, J. et S. Cabot, 331-2. 
 
 This letter reminded Cabot of an agreement he had made to 
 enter the Spanish service, at an interview with Conchillos and the 
 Bishop of Palencia, at which they had discussed the navigation to 
 the Bacallaos, 
 
 FERDINAND OF ARAGON [Letter "a oiF. de 
 Sevilla" — Logrono, 20 Oftober, 1512. (109) 
 
 Manuscript at Madrid, Munoz Transcripts, xc. fol. 115. 
 
 Printed in Harrisse, J. et S. Cabot, 332. 
 
 This is the official announcement that Sebastian Caboto had 
 been appointed Capitan de Mar with a yearly salary of 50,000 
 maravedis. 
 
 FERDINAND OF ARAGON [Letter to D. Luis 
 Caro — Logrono, 20 O (Sober, 1512. (no) 
 
 Manuscript at Madrid, Munoz Transcripts, xc. fol. 115. 
 
 Printed in Harrisse, J. et S. Cabot, 332. 
 
 This letter instrufled the Spanish ambassador in England, D. 
 Luis Carroz de Villaragut, to assist Cabot in every possible manner 
 to put his affairs in order preparatory to removing his wife and 
 family to Spain. 
 
 Memoranda of payments made to Cabot by the Spanish crown, 
 from the Munoz Transcripts belonging to the Academy of History 
 at Madrid, are printed by Harrisse, J. et S. Cabot, 333-334.. 
 They are dated 6 and 26 March, 7 April, 15 14, and 30 August, 
 1 51 5. The first was an advance of 50 ducados to enable him to 
 proceed to the court for consultation concerning matters connefted 
 with the projefted voyage of discovery. The other payments in 
 1 5 14 relate to his journey to London and the expense of sending 
 for his wife. ("i) 
 
 A cedula, dated in Burgos, 13 June, 1515, found at Simancas, 
 Libra de Camera, 1513-16, fol. 63, and printed by Harrisse, Dis- 
 coniery, 706, orders the payment of 10,000 maravedis additional to 
 
 £ 
 
50 Cabot JSibliograpbg 
 
 Cabot " capitan de armada de las cosas de las yndias . . . para 
 ayuda a su costa." (112) 
 
 The appointment of Cabot as Piloto Mayor, in place of Juan 
 Dias de Solis, deceased, at 50,000 maravedis salary, is in the Manoz 
 Transcripts, Ixxv. fol. 213, and Ixxvi. fol. 28. An entry in Ixxv. 
 fol. 49, from the Accounts of Dr. Sancho de Matienzo, Treasurer 
 of the Casa de la Contratacion, shows that Cabot received, 6 May, 
 1519, 25,000 mvd. as one-third of his salary. Harrisse, Cabot, 
 402, conjeftures that this included his emoluments as naval cap- 
 tain. In December, 1 522, Cabot told Contarini- — No. 76 — that 
 his salary was 50,000 mvd. as naval captain, 50,000 as chief pilot, 
 and 25,000 for expenses. ("3) 
 
 For other details in Cabot's Spanish service, see Cabot, Nos 
 23-38 and 57. 
 
 FUGGER OF ANTWERP. 
 
 Extrafts from the account books kept by the great commercial 
 house of the Fuggers in Antwerp, relating to the moneys paid to 
 Sebastian Cabot for a map which he failed to deliver, are quoted in 
 the notes to Haebler, No. 369. 
 
 FUST CHRONICLE. 
 
 See note under Toby, No. 222. 
 
 GALVANO (Antonio) Tratado. Que compps o nobre 
 & no-tauel capitao Antonio Galuao, dos diuersos & des- 
 uayrados caminhos, por onde nos tempos passados a pi- 
 menta & especearia veyo da India as nossas partes, & assi 
 de todos OS des cobrimentos antigos & modernos, que 
 sao feitos ate a era de mil & qui-nhentos & cincoenta. 
 Com OS nomes particulates das pessoas que os fi-zeram : & 
 em que tempos & as suas alturas, obra cer to muy notauel 
 & copiosa. — [Colophon] Imprimio se em casa de loham da 
 Barreira, impressor del Rey nosso senhor. Aos quinze de 
 Dezembro. De mil & quinhetos & sessenta & tres An 
 nos [^Lisboa] (114) 
 
 i2mo. T -h 3 11 + 11 1-80. 
 
 Reprinted in Lisbon, 1731 ; and again by the Hakluyt Society, 
 edited by Vice-Admiral Bethune, London, 1862. 
 
 Galvano, whose supposed acquaintance with the 1544 Cabot 
 map — see Deane, No. 327, p. 33; Harrisse, Cabot, 64 — must 
 have been supplemented by independent Spanish or Portuguese 
 information, states on 1. 25, pp. 87-89 of 1862 edition, that 
 (Sebastian) Cabot, an Italian living in England, had surmised that 
 the islands discovered by Columbus were in the same latitude as 
 
Cabot Biblfograpbs 51 
 
 England, and much nearer to that country than to Portugal : No 
 anno de 1496 . . . vendo em huapomacomo estas jlhasacima ditas 
 estao quasi em hu paralelo & altura, & muyto mais perto de sua 
 terra hua a outra. Henry VII. was persuaded by his arguments to 
 fit out two ships with 300 men. Starting in the spring, they sailed 
 westward and found land at 45°, whence they coasted north to 60°, 
 where the days were eighteen hours long and the nights clear and 
 bright. It was very cold, and they met with great islands of ice, 
 but no land, the soundings giving from 73 to 100 fathoms: forao 
 por ella ate sessenta onde os dias sam de dezoyto horas, & as noytes 
 miiy claras & serenas. Auia aqui muyta frialdade & ylhas de 
 neue, que nao achauam fundo em setenta, oitenta, cem bra9as, mas 
 achaua grandes regelos, do que tambem se arreceaua. Finding 
 that the coast trended eastwards, they turned back and coasted to 
 38", watching every inlet for a passage through to the other side : 
 descobrindo toda a baya, rio, enseada, jia ver se passaua da outra 
 banda; Hakluyt's translator rendered this, "discouering all the 
 Bay and riuer named Deseado." Galvano notes that some said 
 that Cabot sailed south as far as Florida, which is 25°. 
 
 There is an account of the voyage to La Plata on 11. 54-55, pp. 
 169-170 in 1862 edition. 
 
 Translated into English, as : 
 
 GALVANO (Antonio) The discoveries of the World 
 from their first original! vnto the yeere of our Lord 1555. 
 Briefly written in the Por-tugall tongue by Antonie Gal- 
 vano, Gouernour of Ternate, the chiefe Island of the 
 Malucos : Correfled, quoted, and now published in 
 English by Richard Hakluyt. — Londint 1601. (11 5) 
 
 Small 4to. T -F 5 U -H pp 1-97. 
 
 Reprinted in the Harleian ColkQion (or Oxford Voyages), — London, 
 1745, ii. 353-402 ; J. S. Clarke, Progress of Maritime Discoi/ery, 
 — London, 1803, i. Appendix, 2-74; Hakluyt, No. 132, 1811, iv. 
 395-450; and with the Portuguese text published by the Hakluyt 
 Society in 1862. 
 
 The Cabot 1496 narrative is on pp. 32-33. Hakluyt never saw 
 the original text, as his correspondents in Lisbon were unable to 
 secure a copy of it for him, and this volume was printed from an 
 anonymous manuscript translation which fell into his hands. 
 Hakluyt correfted some evident blunders, and added information 
 which came within his own knowledge. Thus he changed Gal- 
 vano's Sebastian to John Cabot, and, in the La Plata narrative, 
 p. 66, added to Galvano's Sebastian Cabota a Venetian, "by his 
 father, but borne at Bristol in England." 
 
 Hakluyt's version of Galvano was used by Thomas Prince in 
 the compilation of his Chronological History of Neiv England, — Bos- 
 ton, 1736, p. 80; reprinted by S. G. Drake, — Boston, 1826, reprinted 
 in 1852, p. 82. 
 
52 Cabot Bibltograpbs 
 
 GARCIA (Diego) Memoria de la navegacion que hice 
 este viaje en la parte del mar Oceano dende que sali de la 
 Ciudad de la Coruna, que alli me fue entregada la armada 
 por los Oficiales de S. M., que fue en el ano de 1526. 
 
 (116) 
 
 Manuscript in the Archives of the Indies, at Seville, Leg. 3 de 
 los rotulados de Descripciones y poblaciones ; papeles Ueiiados de 
 Simancas. 
 
 Printed by Varnhagen in the Reiiista Trimensal do Instituto 
 historico e geographico do Brazil — Rio de Janeiro, 1852, xv. 6-14. 
 
 This account of a rival expedition contains numerous references 
 to the exploration of La Plata by Savastian Gavoto. The two 
 parties were on the river at the same time. 
 
 GAULLE (Francis). 
 
 The map in Hakluyt's edition of Peter Martyr, — Paris, 
 1587, which is said to have been drawn by Gaulle, is described as 
 No. 162. 
 
 GAYANGOS (Pascual de). 
 See Bergenroth, No. 9. 
 
 GILBERT (Humphrey) A discovrse Of a Discouerie 
 for a new Pas-sage to Cataia. Written by Sir Hvm-frey 
 Gilbert — London, 1576, Aprilis. 12. (n?) 
 
 8vo. T + 43 11 + map. 
 
 Reprinted by Hakluyt, Principall Navigations, 1589, 597-610 ; 
 Voyages, iii. 1 1-24.. 
 
 Written before 1566. 
 
 On 1. sig. Diij is the account of how " Sebastian Gabota . . . 
 sailed very far westward, with a quarter of the North, on the 
 Northside of Terra de Labrador, the eleuenth of lune, vntil he 
 came to the Septentrional latitude of (>^\ ... he would haue gone 
 to Cataia, if the Mutinie of the Maister & Mariners, had not ben." 
 Compare Ramusio, No. 196*. 
 
 The charts mentioned in this passage are described as No. 48. 
 
 GODERYK (John). 
 
 The payment made to Goderyk of Foly in Cornwall for con- 
 ducing Cabot from Spain to England, is noted under Brewer, 
 No. 14*. 
 
 GOMARA (Francisco Lopez de) Primera y segunda 
 parte de la his-toria general de las Indias con todo el 
 descubrimiento y cosas nota bles que ban acaecido dende 
 
Cabot Bibliograpbi? 53 
 
 que se ganaron ata el aiio de 1551. Con la coquista de 
 Mexico y de la nueua Espaiia — En Caragoca, 1553 [^SS^]- 
 
 (118) 
 
 Folio. T + map + 11 ii-cxxii + T + 11 ii-cxl. 
 
 Fifteen editions at least of Gomara's three works were printed 
 during the years 1552 to 1555. The preferable reference is to the 
 i»mo edition printed at Antwerp in 1554 for Juan Steelsio and 
 Juan Bellero, as this is the earliest edition with numbered chapters. 
 
 Translations into French and German had been reprinted a 
 score of times before the end of the sixteenth century. English 
 versions of the Conquest of the Indies were printed at London in 
 1578 and 1596. 
 
 An account of these various editions, which is " said to have been 
 drawn up by Mr. Brevoort," is in Sabin, DiSionary of Books re- 
 lating to America, — Neiu York, 1875, vii. 305-312. 
 
 For " Sebastian Gaboto y su nauigation," see cap. xxxix, Los 
 Bacallaos, fo. xx, 1552 edition. Indexed under "Sebastian" in 
 other editions. Eden, Decades, No. 96, p. 318, or Arber, No. 6, 
 p. 34.3, gives an English version. Also in Winsor, America, iii. 
 26-27, "correfted by the original," and in Nicholls, Bristol, No. 
 469, iii. 296. 
 
 The La Plata expedition, with the planting of 52 grains of 
 wheat which yielded 50,000 in four months — see No. 96 — is de- 
 scribed in cap. Ixxxviii, fo. xlix, 1552 edition. 
 
 Gomara frequented the Spanish court in his capacity of secretary 
 to Hernan Cortes between 1540 and 1546, and must have had 
 many opportunities for meeting Cabot. His narrative closely re- 
 sembles that of Martyr. 
 
 GONZALES DE PUEBLA (Ruy). 
 
 A dispatch from the senior Spanish ambassador in England to 
 his sovereigns, dated London, 21 January, 1496, contained the 
 earliest recorded reference to Cabot's efforts to interest the English 
 king in the exploitation of the Indies. See notes to No. 106, for 
 the reply to this report. The text of the dispatch has not yet been 
 found. (119) 
 
 GONZALES DE PUEBLA (Ruy) [Dispatch to Fer- 
 dinand and Isabella. (120) 
 
 The original manuscript, in cipher, is at Simancas, Patronato 
 Real; Capitulaciones con Inglaterra, Leg. 2, fol. 198. 
 
 The manuscript is not dated, but was presumably written about 
 25 July, 1498, the date of the accompanying report described under 
 Ayala, No. 7. 
 
 A Spanish text is in Harrisse, J. et S. Cabot, 328-9, with 
 mistakes correfted in his Cabot, 395-6 ; reprinted in Weare, 
 Cabot, 159-160 
 
54 Cabot Biblfograpbs 
 
 The reference to Cabot's second voyage is merely an official 
 summary of the longer report written by Ayala j it is interesting 
 as suggesting the points in the latter which seemed important to 
 the older diplomat. 
 
 GRAFTON (Richard) A Chronicle at large and meere 
 History of the affayres of Englande and Kinges of the 
 same, dedu-ced from the Creation of the worlde, vnto the 
 first ha-bitation of thys Islande : and so by contynuance 
 vnto the first yere of the reigne of our most deere and 
 souereigne Lady Oueene Eliza-beth : collected out of 
 sundry Auc-thors, whose names are expressed — 15^9 
 [London]. (i2i) 
 
 Folio. 2 volumes (usually bound together). T + 5 H + PP 
 1-192 + 4 11; T + pp 1-1369 + 21 11. 
 
 The title of volume ii. is dated 1568 ; the colophon reads : Im- 
 printed at London . . . Anno. 1569. the last of March. 
 
 Reprinted as : 
 
 GRAFTON (Richard) Grafton's Chronicle ; or, History 
 
 of England. To which is added his Table of the Bailiffs, 
 
 Sheriffs, and Mayors, of the City of London. From the 
 
 year 1 189, to 1558, inclusive — London; 1809. (122) 
 
 Large 4to. 2 volumes. T -J- pp iii-xvi -}- 677 ; T -(- i 1 -)- pp 
 
 568 -1-26 11. 
 
 The reference to Cabot is on p. 1323 of the first, or ii. 531-2 of 
 i8o9edition,undertheyear 1552 : "Aboutthis time there were three 
 noble ships set forth and furnished for the great aduenture of the 
 vnknowne voyage into the East, by the North seas. The great 
 doer & encourager of which voyage was Sebastian Gaboto an 
 Englisheman, borne at Bristow, but was the sonne of a Genoway 
 . . . now the said voyage and trade is greatly aduaunced, & the 
 Marchants aduenturing that way are newly by aft of parliamet 
 encoporated." (H. N. S.) 
 
 Grafton was the royal printer to Edward VI., in whose court 
 Cabot is said to have delivered leftures on cosmography. See 
 Harrisse, Cabot, 18. (i22») 
 
 Cabot is not mentioned in the reference to the discovery of the 
 Muscovy trade, on fol. xcii. of: 
 
 A Manuell of the Chronicles of Englande, ... to this yere 
 
 of our Lorde. 1565. Abridged and coUec-ted by Richard 
 
 Grafton — Lon-don. (i!'3) 
 
 32mo. T + II 11 -t- fol. i-c -f 8. (H. N. S.) 
 
 GRAFTON (Richard) Graftons Abridgement of the 
 Chro-nicles of Englande. Newly and diligently corredted, 
 
Cabot JSibUograpbi? ss 
 
 and finished the last of Oftober. 1570 — [London]. In 
 aedibus Richardi Tottyll. (124) 
 
 Sm. 8vo. T 4- 35 11 + 11 1-200 + 4. 11. 
 Reprinted by Tottyl in 1572 : T + 31 11 + 11 1-216 + 40. 
 The passage printed in 1569, No. 121, was altered to read, fol. 
 160: "Sebastian Gabota an englishman . . . but his father was a 
 strager." 
 
 See notes under Cooper, No. 81. 
 
 GRAJALES (Doctor). 
 
 The authorship of the legends on the 1544- Cabot map, ascribed 
 by Harrisse to a certain Dr. Grajales, is discussed in the notes to 
 No. 56 on pp. 22-23. 
 
 HAKLUYT (Richard) Divers voyages touching the 
 discouerie of America, and the Hands adiacent vnto the 
 same, made first of all by our Englishmen, and afterward 
 by the French-men and Britons : And certaine notes of 
 aduertisements for obserua-tions, necessarie for such as 
 shall heereafter make the like attempt — Lon-don 1582. 
 
 (125) 
 Small 4to. T -f 58 11 + 2 maps. 
 
 Reprinted by the Hakluyt Society, edited by John Winter Jones, 
 — London, 1850 ; described as No. 424. 
 
 The maps are described under LoK, No. 156; and Thorke, 
 No. 218. 
 
 The Cabot patent ofMarch, 1495-6, No. 136, is on 11. sig. A-A^, 
 pp. ig-26 of 1 8 50 edition, together with " the note out of Fabian," 
 No. 105, and the quotation from the preface of Ramusio, No. 196, 
 of which Hakluyt says in the Epistle Dedicatorie, that Sebastian 
 Gabot wrote " that he veryly beleeued that all the North part of 
 America is diuided into Ilandes." These sources end with the 
 note that shortly shall come out in print all Sebastian Gabotes 
 " owne mappes & discourses drawne and written by himselfe, which 
 are in the custodie of the worshipfiill master Willia Worthington 
 one of her Maiesties Pensioners, who (because so woithie monu- 
 mentes shoulde not be buried in perpetuall obliuion) is very willing 
 to suffer them to be ouerseene and published in as good order as 
 may bee, to the encouragement and benefite of our Countriemen." 
 
 HAKLUYT (Richard) A particuler discourse concern- 
 inge the greate necessitie and manifolde comody-ties that 
 are like to growe to this Realme of Englande by the 
 Westerne discoueries lately attempted Written in the yere 
 1584. by Richarde Hackluyt of Oxforde at the requeste 
 
56 Cabot ffiibliograpbi? 
 
 and direftion of the righte worshipfull Mr. Walter Raghly 
 nowe knight before the comynge home of his twoo 
 barkes . . . (i^6) 
 
 Folio manuscript, in the library of the late Sir Thomas Phillipps ; 
 65 11. 
 
 Printed by the Maine Historical Society, ColleSions, second 
 series, ii., as : 
 
 Documentary history of the State of Maine. Vol. ii. . . . Intro- 
 du6Hon By Leonard Woods. . . . Edited By Charles Deane, 
 — Cambridge, 1877. (1^7) 
 
 8vo. 2 T + pp v-lxi + 253 + 5 facsimiles. 
 
 Reprinted by GoLDSMiD, No. 133, — Edinburgh, 1890, xiii. 
 [America, ii.) 169-276. 
 
 In this discourse, which was written with the design of influencing 
 Queen Elizabeth to grant Ralegh a patent for colonization, — see Dee, 
 No. 88 — Hakluyt constantly insists upon England's right to control 
 northern America, because of priority of discovery by Cabot. The 
 arguments do not suggest any information not known to Martyr, 
 Ramusio (apparently in La PoPELLiNiiRE's French version), and 
 Eden, with the exception of Cabot's " owne mappe," No. 39^ and 
 55*>, " In which mappe, in the chapiter of Newfoundelande, there in 
 Latyn is put downe . . . the very day, and the firste lande which 
 they sawe ... as Clement Adams saieth, 1494. in the chapiter of 
 Gabotts mapp De terra nova," pp. 122-128, 1877 edition. 
 
 The other interesting references to Cabot are on pp. 19, 86, loi 
 and no. See Mr. Deane's notes on pp. 192-195 and 222-228. 
 
 See Martyr, No. 161, for the edition of the Decades edited by 
 Hakluyt, — Paris, 1587. 
 
 HAKLUYT (Richard) The principall navigations, voia- 
 ges and discoveries of the English nation, made by Sea or 
 ouer Land, . . . at any time within the compasse of these 
 1500. yeeres : Deuided into three seuerall parts, . . . The 
 first . . . Asia [and] Africa . . . The second . . . to- 
 wards the North and Northeast . . . The third and last, 
 including the English valiant attempts in searching al-most 
 all the corners of the vaste and new world of America, 
 from 73. de-grees of Northerly latitude Southward, to 
 the Streight of Magellan . . . further then euer any 
 Christian hitherto hath pierced ... By Richard Hakluyt 
 Master of Artes, and Student sometime of Christ-church 
 in Oxford — London by George Bishop and Ralph New- 
 berie, Deputies to Christopher Barker, Printer to the 
 Queenes most excellent Maiestie. 1589. (128) 
 
Cabot BibliograpbB 57 
 
 Folio. T + 7 11 + pp. 1-825 + 5 11 +map. 
 
 Cited as Hakluyt, Principall Na'vigatiotts. 
 
 In this volume Hakluyt reprinted the Cabot paragraphs in his 
 Di'vers Voyages on pp. 509-516, adding the Rolls record of the 
 patent of 3 February, 1498, No. 14.0 ; the extraft from Adams' 
 edition of Cabot's map, No. 55''; the "discourse to Butrigarius, 
 taken out of the second volume of Ramusius," but really from the 
 first. No. 194; extrafts from Martyr and Gomara ; the voiage of 
 Sir Thomas Pert and Sebastian Cabot, about 1516, to Brasil, S. 
 Domingo, and 8. lohn de porto ricco ; and, pp. 519-520, the pension 
 granted by Edward VI., No. 99. The documents which prove 
 the conneftion between the Muscovy Company and Cabot, " the 
 chiefest setter foorth of this iourney," are on pp. 302-311. 
 This coUeftion was expanded into three volumes entitled : 
 
 HAKLUYT (Richard) The principal navi-gations, 
 voiages, traffiqves and disco-ueries of the English Nation 
 . . . This first Volume containing the woorthy Dis- 
 coueries, &c. of the English toward the North and North- 
 east . . . Together with many notable monuments and 
 testimo-nies of . . . this realme of England in former 
 ages . . . the true state of Island . . . the memorable 
 defeate ofthe Spanish huge Armada, Anno 1588 . . . By 
 Richard Haklvyt — London^ Bishop, Newberie and Barker, 
 1598. (129) 
 
 Folio. T -{- 1 1 11 -(- pp 1-619 -t- map in some copies, see 
 MOLINEUX, No. 174. 
 
 Reissued the following year, with title altered to suppress the 
 Voyage to Cadiz, pp. 607-619, and to include the second volume. 
 
 HAKLUYT (Richard) The second volvme ofthe prin- 
 cipal na-vigations . . . through and within the Streight 
 of Gibralter ... By Richard Haklvyt Preacher. — London 
 
 1599- (130) 
 
 Folio. T -{- 7 11 + pp 1-3 12 -t- 1-204. 
 
 HAKLUYT (Richard) The third and last volvme of the 
 voy-ages ... of the English Nation, and in some few 
 places, where they have not been, of strangers ... to all 
 parts of the Newfound world of America, or the West 
 Indies, from 73. degrees of Northerly to 57. of Southerly 
 latitude . . . Colledted by Richard Haklvyt — London 
 1600. (131) 
 
 Folio. T -1- 7 11 -1- pp 1-868. 
 
58 Cabot 3Bibliograpbi? 
 
 This whole work (Nos. 129-131) was reprinted in : 
 
 Hakluyt's Collection of the early Voyages, Travels, and 
 Discoveries, of the English Nation. A new edition, with 
 Additions . . . — London: for R. H. Evans, &c. 1809 
 (-1812). (132) 
 
 Quarto. 5 volumes. Edition of 325 copies. 
 
 Besides the suppressed portions of the original edition, this in- 
 cluded in the supplement to the fourth volume and in the fifth 
 " Curious, rare, and early voyages . . . chiefly published by 
 Hakluyt or at his suggestion." 
 
 The Voyages were republished by Edmund Goldsmid, — Edin- 
 burgh, 1885-1890, sixteen volumes in 8vo. An editorial note, vol. xii. 
 7 {America, i. 7), says, " I have, in my complete Edition of Hakluyt's 
 Voyages, arranged the Contents of his first two volumes in the 
 order he would have desired, had he not ' lacked sufiicient store.' " 
 
 Volumes xii-)cv of this edition were also issued with a separate 
 title : 
 
 The voyages of the English nation to America Before the year 
 1 600, from Hakluyt's coUeflion of voyages Edited by Edmund 
 Goldsmid — Edinburgh, Goldsmid, 1889 (-1890). ('33) 
 
 This colleftion, Nos. 129-131, is cited as Hakluyt, Voyages. 
 The first volume contains, pp. 226-230, Cabot's Ordinances for 
 the voyage to Cathay, No. 58 j see pp. 267-274., reprinted from No. 
 128, and the note under Burrough, No. 18, for Cabot's con- 
 nexion with the Muscovy Company. The Cabot passages from 
 the Principall Namgations (1589) are reprinted in the third volume 
 of the Voyages, pp. 4.-11, 498-499 ; Evans' edition, iii. 25-32, 591- 
 593 i Goldsmid edition, xii. {America, i.) 19-34, xv. (iv.) 200-203. 
 
 " A special note concerning the currents of the sea betweene. the 
 Cape of Buena Esperan(;a and the coast of Brasilia, giuen by a 
 French Pilot to Sir lohn Yorke knight, before Sebastian Cabote ; 
 which pilot had frequented the coasts of Brasilia eighteene voyages " 
 is in the Voyages, iii. 719. (133*) 
 
 Portions of these passages relating to Cabot's North American 
 discoveries are reprinted in Mead, Old South Leaflet, 37, — Boston, 
 1895. Extrafts describing the discovery in narrative form are in 
 Thomas Wentworth Higginson's Book of American Explorers, — 
 Boston, 1877, 55-59. (ns"") 
 
 Hakluyt in 1601 edited an English translation of Galvano, 
 Discoveries, which is described as No. 115. 
 
 HART (Albert Bushnell) American History told by 
 
 Contemporaries. Volume I. Era of Colonization 1492- 
 
 1689. Edited by Albert Bushnell Hart — New York., 
 
 Macmillan, 1897. (i34) 
 
 8vo. 2T + pp vii-xviii + 1-606. 
 
Cabot asiblioarapbs 59 
 
 " John Cabot and the First English Voyage to America (1497) 
 by Lorenzo Pasqualigo and Raimondo di Soncino. (Translated 
 by Clements R. Markham, 1893 )," pp. 69-72. There is nothing 
 in this heading nor in the extracts which it introduces, to justify a 
 curious assumption in the English Historical Ketiienu, ]an\ia.xy, 1898, 
 xiii. 181-183, that Professor Hart "praSically accepts " the propo- 
 sition that Cabot made only a single voyage to the North American 
 coast. See Payne, No. 474.. 
 
 See Channing, No. 302. 
 
 HART (Albert Bushnell) Source-Book of American 
 History. Edited for Schools and Readers by Albert 
 Bushnell Hart, with pradlical introdu6tions. — New Tork, 
 Macmillan, 1899. (i34*) 
 
 8vo. 2 T -)- pp v-xlvi -t- 407 -)- 4 facsimiles. 
 Eden's version of Martyr's account of a Cabot voyage — see No. 
 159 — is on pp. 4-6. 
 
 HAZARD (Ebenezer) Historical Colleftions consisting 
 
 of state papers, and other authentic documents ; intended 
 
 as materials for an history of the United States of America. 
 
 By Ebenezer Hazard — Philadelphia mdccxch. (135) 
 
 4to. Two volumes. T -J- i 1 -(- pp 1-639 + J' j T -f- i 1 -J- 
 
 pp 1-654. 
 
 Volume I. contains, pp. 9-10 and 23, the Latin texts, from 
 Hakluyt, of the Letters Patent, No. 136, and of the pensions 
 granted by Edward VI., No. 99. 
 
 HENRY Vn., KING OF ENGLAND Projohanne 
 Cabot et filiis suis. Super Terra Incognita Investiganda. 
 
 (136) 
 These Letters Patent, in response to a petition from "John 
 Cabotto citezen of Venes, Lewes, Sebastyan and Sanfto his sonneys," 
 were granted at Westminster, 5 March, 1496. 
 
 The original record of the petition and the Letters Patent is in 
 the Public Record Office, London, French Roll, 1 1 Henry VU., memb. 
 
 23- 
 
 A reduced photograph of a portion of this original is in Scribner's 
 Magazine, July, 1897, xxii. 74; see note under Dufferin, No. 
 338. 
 
 The Petition, of which the original is in the Record Office, Pri'vy 
 Seals and Chancery signed Bills, 11 Hen. VII., No. 51, was first 
 printed by Desimoni, No. 329, — Genoa, 188 1, p. 47. 
 
 The Letters Patent were printed by Hakluyt in 1582, with an 
 English translation; by Rymer, Foedera, 1741, v. pt. iv. 89; 
 Chalmers, Political Annals, — London, 1780, 7-8, in English; 
 
6o Cabot Bibliograpbi? 
 
 Hazard, Historical ColleBions, — Philadelphia, 1792, i. 9-10, in 
 Latin ; and in most of the later Cabot volumes. 
 
 Henry VII. authorized the Cabotsto take five ships at their own 
 expense and make explorations under the English flag in any direc- 
 tion except the south : suis et eorum propriis sumptibus et expensis 
 . . . auftoritatem navigandi ad omnes partes, regiones et sinus 
 maris orientalis, occidentalis, et septentrionalis. They were per- 
 mitted to occupy any lands not previously known to the Christian 
 world, of which they might be able to secure possession. All 
 commodities brought by them from the new found lands were to be 
 entered at the port of Bristol. One-fifth of the income, after the 
 payment of all expenses, was to be paid to the king. Freedom 
 from all customs dues on imports was granted, together with a 
 monopoly of the trade thither. 
 
 John Cabot's original copy of these Letters Patent having dis- 
 appeared, Sebastian in 1550 petitioned for the issue of a new copy. 
 He received this on June 4., on condition that it should be returned 
 in case the original should ever be found. The paragraphs added in 
 1550 to the text of the 1+96 document are printed in Harrisse, 
 CflAo/, 449-4.50. (137) 
 
 HENRY VII. To hym that founde the new Isle, ^10. 
 10 August, 1497. (138) 
 
 This item, from a copy made by Mr. Craven Orde from the 
 original entries of the privy purse expenses of Henry VII. in the 
 Remembrancer Office, is in the British Museum, .if ^.^Y.Mi'i'. 7099, 
 12 Henrie VII., fo. 4.1. 
 
 Printed in Nicolas, Excerpta Historica, — London, S. Bentley, 
 1831, p. 113 ; and in Biddle, No. 261, p. 79, with an interesting 
 note. 
 
 This entry is accepted as convincing proof that Cabot returned 
 from the new world before 10 August, 1497, on which day he is 
 supposed to have presented the news of his success to the king in 
 person in London. 
 
 HENRY Vn. Memorandum . . . Yeuen vndre our Pryue 
 Seal at o"" paloys of Westminster the xiij"" day ofDecembre 
 The xiij"" yere of our Reigne (i39) 
 
 The original record of this order is in the Public Record Oflice, 
 London, Prz'U)! Seals, Dec. 13 Hen. VII., No. 4.0. 
 
 There is a reduced ph.otogra.fhm Scribner's Magazine, July, 1897, 
 xxii. 75. 
 
 First printed in 1884 by Deane in Winsor, America, iii. 56. 
 
 This notification direfls John Morton, Archbishop of Canterbury, 
 to issue the necessary Letters Patent under the great seal, inasmuch 
 as " for certaine consideracions vs specially moevyng haue yeuen 
 and graunted vnto our Welbiloued John Calbot of the parties of 
 
Cabot Bibliograpbg 6i 
 
 Venice an annuitie or anuel rent of twenty pounds sterling To be 
 had and yerelyperceyued from the feast of thanunciacion of o"' lady 
 last passed (i.e. 25 March 1497) during our pleasur of our Cus- 
 tumes ... in our Poort of Bristowe." 
 
 HENRY VII. D licencia Caboto Memorandum quod 
 tertio die februarij anno regni regis Henrici septimi xiij 
 ista bilk deliberata fuit . . . apud Westmonasterium. 
 
 (140) 
 
 The original manuscripts are in the Public Record Office, Lon- 
 don : in Latin, French Roll, 1 3 Hen. FII., No. 439, m. 1 ; in English, 
 Chancery Signed Bills, 1 3 Hen. CIL, No. 6. 
 
 A reduced photograph of the English is in Scribner's Magazine, 
 July, 1897, xxii. 72-73. 
 
 A copy of the petition in response to which these '• new Letters 
 Patent " were granted, precedes the English text. (140*) 
 
 Hakluyt in 1589, and again ten years later (Nos. 128-131), in- 
 dicated this document, but its significance was not appreciated 
 until BiDDLE in 1831 (No. 261, pp. 74-75) first printed the English 
 text, which was reprinted in the Westminster Re'vie'w, January, 1832, 
 xvi. 33-34; also in Jones, No. 424, pp. Ixii-lxxiii ; in Corry, 
 Bristol, i. 311-312 ; and the later Cabot volumes. 
 
 The Latin text was first printed by Harrisse, Cabot, 393-394 ; 
 also in Weare, No. 558, pp. 158-159, with the abbreviations as in 
 the original manuscript. 
 
 These new Letters Patent authorize John Kabote or Kabbatto 
 Veneciam to take up, anywhere within the English domain, six 
 ships of not more than two hundred tons, with their armament and 
 fittings, under the same conditions as if they were being taken for 
 the royal use, and to conduft these, with any who wished to ac- 
 company him, " to the londe and lies of late founde by the seid 
 John in oure name and by o'' comaundmente." 
 
 HENRY VII. [Warrant addressed To the Tresourer and 
 Chaubrelaines of oure Eschequier ... at oure Manor of 
 Shene the xxij day of ffebruary the xiij yere of oure reign. 
 
 (hi) 
 The original manuscript is in the Record Office, London, War- 
 rants for Issues, 13 Hen. fll. 
 
 First printed in Harrisse, Cabot, 394; also in Prowse, Neiv- 
 foundland, 12. 
 
 This warrant direfls that, " as we be enformed the said John 
 Caboote is delaied of his payement," therefore two tallies or tallies 
 of ten pounds each shall be levied upon Richard Meryk and 
 Arthure Kerays — see Nos. 151-153 — annually and delivered to 
 Caboote " to be had of our gift by way of rewarde without prest 
 or eny other charge to be sette upon hym." 
 
62 Cabot Bibllograpbi? 
 
 HENRY VII. March 22. To Lanslot Thirkill of Lon- 
 don, apon a Prest for his Shipp going towards the new 
 Ilande, L. 20. (142) 
 
 Transcript from the Privy Purse Expenses of Henry VII., British 
 Museum, Addit. MSS. No. 7099, fol. 45 — see note to No. 138. 
 
 Printed in Nicolas, Bxcerpta, 116, and in most of the accounts 
 of Cabot's 14.98 voyage. 
 
 The Privy Purse accounts also contain entries, of about the 
 same dale and import : 
 
 Itm delivd to Launcelot Thirkill going towards the new He in 
 Prest, £20. (142") 
 
 April 1. Itm to Thomes Bradley and Launcelot Thirkill going 
 to the newe lie, £30 (i+z*) 
 
 To Jn Carter going to the Newe He in rewd,40j. sd. (142*^) 
 
 Launcelot Thirkill again appears in London, 6 June, 1501, when 
 it was recorded that he, together with Thomas Par, Walter Strik- 
 land and Thomas Mydelton, was "bounden in ij obligations to 
 pay at Whitsontyde next comyns xxli, . . . for lyverye ofFlem- 
 ynges landes " — British Museum, Addit. MSS. No. 2i,48o,_/o. 35 : 
 printed by Desimoni and Harrisse, and by Beazley, No. 256, 
 p. 272, who correfls previous misprintings. i^A-^^) 
 
 Harrisse and others suppose these entries to show that Thirkill 
 was "evidently a companion of John Cabot, and owner of one of 
 the vessels in the squadron . . . this shows, at all events, that one 
 ship at least returned from the expedition of 1498." One ship 
 returned to Ireland in distress, so that, even if it is certain that 
 Thirkill accompanied his ship, there would seem to be little posi- 
 tive value in " all, thus far, which is known concerning the results 
 of the voyage, except, by implication, the delineations in La Cosa's 
 planisphere." This was written before the discovery of the Cabot 
 1499 record, No. 151 ; see Harrisse, No. 395, and the Intro- 
 duilion, pp. XV and xlii. 
 
 See note under Porter, No. 487. 
 
 HENRY VIII., KING OF ENGLAND. 
 
 Certain payments made to Sebastian Cabot from the treasury of 
 Henry VIII. are noted under Brewer, Nos. i4=^i4'>. 
 
 HERRERA (Antonio de) Historia Gene ral de los hechos 
 de los castellanos en las Islas i tierra li-rme del Mar oceano 
 esc rita por Antonio de herrera coronista mayor de sv M**. 
 de las indias y sv coronis-ta de Castilla Enquatro Decadas 
 desde el Ano de 1492 hasta el de 1531 — En Ma° en la 
 emplenta real 1 601 '^Madrid'] (^43) 
 
 Folio. T + 3 11 + pp 1-371 + ,0 11 + T + I 1 + pp 1-368 + 
 8 11 i T -(- I 1 -f- pp 1-377 + 8 (9) 11 + T + I 1 -1- pp 1-293. 
 
Cabot Bibliograpb^ 63 
 
 Four additional Decades, published in 1615, continued the narra- 
 tion to 1555. Each of the eight Decades has a distinft engraved 
 title and separate pagination. 
 
 A new edition was edited by Andres Gonzalez Barcia,— 
 Madrid, (i726-)i73o. The first three Decades were translated into 
 French, — Paris, 1659-1671. These were also translated into English 
 by Captain John Stevens,' — London, 1725-1726 ; reissued 1740. 
 For a description of these editions, as well as of other translations, 
 see Sabin, DiBionary of Books relating to America, — NeiJu York, 1877, 
 viii. 24.3-249. 
 
 The reasons why Sebastian Cabot was induced to enter the 
 Spanish service are stated in Dec. i, lib. ix, cap. xiii ; see note to 
 Ferdinand, No. 107''. The articles of agreement between Cabot 
 and the Emperor for the South Sea-La Plata expedition are perhaps 
 summarized in Dec. iii, lib. ix,cap. iii. An account of this expedi- 
 tion is given in this chapter and in Dec. iv, lib. viii, cap. xi, which 
 contains a portion of Cabot's report. No. 22. See also Dec. iii, 
 lib. iv, cap. xx. 
 
 This narrative was rendered into Dutch as : 
 
 HERRERA (Antonio de) De trotsmoedige scheeps-togt 
 Van Sebastiaan Gaboto, met 3 Scheepen en veel Adelijke 
 Manschap ondernoomen na de Moluccos, Door veel tegens- 
 poeden en onkunde aan Rio de la Plata mislukt. BenefFens 
 de Scheeps-Togt van Diego Garcia, ter nieuw^e ontdekking 
 gedaan, langs de Kusten van America. Beyde in 't Jaar 
 1526 . . . Als meder Ferdinand Cortes Weder-komst in 
 Mexico ; . . . &c. Uyt d' eyge berigten der Reysigers, 
 en Koninglijk bevel eertijds in 't Spaans beschreeven, door 
 den Heer Antonius de Her-rera, History-schrijver . . . 
 Nu alder-eerst in 't Neder-duyts vertaald. — Te Leyden, 
 By Pieter vander Aa, 1707. (i44) 
 
 8vo. T -1- pp 1-83 -f- 4 11 -I- 2 plates -|- map. 
 
 The narrative of Cabot's voyage to La Plata occupies pp. 1-21. 
 
 The map is labelled ': De Voorgenome Scheeps-Togt van Sebas- 
 tiaan Gaboto, om Door de Straat Magellaan na de Moluccos te 
 Stevenen, aan Rio de la Plata Voleyndigt. ('+4^) 
 
 Engraved map j 6|- x 9-|- inches. 
 
 This is No. xlii. in vol. xi. of the Vander Aa colleftion : 
 
 Naauk-eurige versameling der gedenk-waardigste zee en land- 
 reysen na oost en west-indien, Mitsgaders andere Gewesten 
 . . . gedaan; zedert het jaar 1524 tot 1526. — Te Leyden, 
 Door Pieter Vander Aa, 1707. (i+s) 
 
 It was reprinted in vol. iv. of the folio edition, Leyden, 1727. 
 
64 dabot Btbltograpbs 
 
 HOBY (Sir Philip). 
 
 See Cheyne, No. 74, and Edward VI., No. 102. 
 
 HOLBEIN (Hans). 
 
 See note under Cabot, No. 61. 
 
 HOLINSHED (Raphael) 1577. The Firste volume of 
 the Chronicles of England, Scot-lande, and Irelande. Con- 
 teyning, The description and Chronicles of England, from 
 the first inhabiting vnto the conquest The description 
 and Chronicles of Scotland, from the first originall of the 
 Scottes nation, till the yeare of our Lorde. 1571 The de- 
 scription and Chronicles of Irelande, likewise from the 
 firste originall of that Nation, vntill the yeare. 1547. 
 Faithfully gathered and set forth, by Raphaell Holinshed — 
 London. (146) 
 
 Small folio. 4. volumes : volumes i, 2 and 3 are usually found 
 bound together, labelled vol. i. T + 7 11 + Britaine, 126 11, sigs. 
 Ag-Pg, Qg + Faultes escaped, 1 1 sig. r.j. + Englande, pp 1-289, 
 sigs. ag-Sg, t.i. + ScotlandT + 3 11, sigs. A^, *b*^, -|- 11 11 -f- i 
 1 blank, sigs. *a*5, *b*6 [See Lowndes] -f- pp 1-518, sigs. 
 Ag-Iig, Kkj + 13 11, Kk(4), Llg-Mmg 4- Ireland T 4- i 1 
 
 4- 28 11, sigs. Ag-Cg, D4 4- pp I-II6 4- 3 11. "g^- Ag-Dg, E5, 
 
 Fg-Gg, Hg, I^. In the British Museum Grenville copy three 
 cancel leaves are inserted after p. 74, Ireland, numbered " 57 " for 
 75) 7^-78, " 70 " for 79, " 74. " for 80 ; the text shows minor vari- 
 ations from that usually found on these pages of sheet F ; note the 
 signature collation above. There is also a duplicate leaf of F vij, 
 pp. 90, 91, showing changes in the text. Copies also exist with 
 variant imprints. The fourth volume is usually known as vol. ii. ; 
 its title reads : 
 
 The Laste volume . . . Conteyning, The Chronicles of Englande 
 from William Con-querour vntill this present tyme. FaithfiiUy 
 gathered and compiled by Raphaell Holinshed — London. (146^) 
 
 T + I 1, sig. Hj [see Lowndes] -|- pp 291-1876, sigs. t,i-t(S,j), 
 Vg-Zg, Ag-Yyyyg, Zzzz^, continuing from England, sig. t; in vol. 
 i. -I- Table, 50 11 A^-M^, N^-t- Faultes, 2 11, sig. ( )2. An extra 
 leaf numbered "1593" is between pp. 1592-1593, and a folding 
 plate is between pp. 1868-1869. [Collated by H. N. Stevens.] 
 
 On p. 1714, under date 1552, is the account of "the great 
 aduenture of the vnknowne voyage into the East . . . The great 
 doer and encourager of which voiage, was Sebastian Caboto an 
 Englishma, born at Bristow, but was the sonne of a Geno-waies.'' 
 
 HOLINSHED (Raphael) The First and second volumes 
 of Chronicles, comprising i The description and historic 
 
Cabot ffiibliograpbs 65 
 
 of England, 2 The description and historic of Ireland, 3 
 
 The description and historic of Scotland : First colledled 
 
 and published by Raphaell Holinshed, William Harrison, 
 
 and others : Now newlie augmented and continued (with 
 
 manifold matters of singular note and worthie memorie) to 
 
 the yeare 1586. by John Hooker alias Vowell, Gent, and 
 
 others — Colophon: Finished in Januarie 1587 . . . 
 
 London. (14^') 
 
 Large folio. T + 3 11 + Britain, pp 1-250 + England, T +1 1 
 
 + pp 1-202 -)- Ireland, T -f 3 II + pp 9-61 -f 5 11 -f pp 1-183 + 
 
 Scotland, T + PP 187-464 -)- 27 11. These parts are usually bound 
 
 as volume i. Volume ii. has the title : 
 
 The Third volume of Chronicles, be-ginning at duke William 
 the Norman, commonlie called the Conqueror; . . . First 
 compiled by Raphaell Holinshed, and by him extended to the 
 yeare 1577. Now newlie recognised, augmented, and con- 
 tinued (with occurrences and accidents of fresh memorie) to the 
 yeare 1586. Wherein also are conteined manie matters of 
 singular discourse and rare obser-uation, fruitfull to such as be 
 studious in antiquities, or take pleasure in the grounds of 
 anci-ent histories. — \London, 1587.] ('+6') 
 
 Large folio. T -I- 3 11 -J- pp 1-1592 ■\- 29 11. 
 This edition is very much enlarged from that of 1577. The 
 Cabot passage under 1552, iii. 1083, is pra6i:ically the same as 
 before. 
 
 On pp. 785-789, under the year 1498, there is an account of how 
 America was discovered by Sebastian Gabato, " professing himselfe 
 to be expert in knowledge of the circuit of the world, . . as by his 
 charts and other reasonable demonstrations he shewed. ... In the 
 ship diuerse merchants of London aduentured small stocks, and in 
 the companie of this ship sailed also out of Bristow three or foure 
 small ships fraight with slight and grosse wares, as course cloath, 
 caps, lases, points, and such other." See the notes under Fabyan, 
 No. 105, and Stow, No. 212, from whom the passage on page 789, 
 which refers to this discovery " before named in Anno 1468," is 
 copied. 
 
 The 1587 edition was reprinted in six volumes, large quarto, — 
 London, 1 807-1 808. 
 
 HURTADO DE MENDOZA (Lope) [Letter to 
 
 Charles V. — Lisbon., 19 Oftober, 1528. (^47) 
 
 Manuscript copy in the British Museum, London, jf<iiV. MSS. No. 
 
 28,577,/o. *98- 
 
 An English version is printed in GayAngos, Calendar {Spain), 
 iii. pt. ii. 823. 
 
 This dispatch reports the return of one of the caravels from the 
 F 
 
66 Cabot Bibltograpbi? 
 
 fleet of Sebastian Cavofto, bringing the accountant and treasurer 
 of the fleet, with news of wonderful discoveries which assure that 
 the Emperor "will no longer want either cinnamon or pepper, for 
 he will have more gold and silver than he requires." 
 
 JOMARD (Edme-Francois) Les monuments de la geo- 
 graphic ou recueil d'anciennes cartes Europ^ennes et 
 Orientales . . . publics en facsimile de la grandeur des 
 originaux par M. Jomard — Paris (1855-1862). (148) 
 
 Imperial folio. 82 plates. 
 
 Among the 21 maps reproduced in facsimile by E. Rembielinski, 
 are those described under Cabot, No. 39 ; CosA, No. 84; Des- 
 CELIERS, No. 91. 
 
 In conneftion with this work, consult : 
 
 Introduftion a 1' Atlas des Monuments de la Geographie par feu 
 M. Jomard. Publi^e par les soins et avec des remarques de M. 
 E. Cortambert — Paris 1879. ('49) 
 
 8vo. T + pp 60 + Liste des Cartes i p. 
 
 JUNCO (Juan de). 
 
 The deposition of the sailor Junco, who returned with Cabot 
 from La Plata, in regard to the charges of mismanagement made 
 against Cabot, which was taken at Seville, 28 July, 1530, is printed 
 in Harrisse, CaAo/, 415-417. See the notes under Cabot, No. 
 23. (150) 
 
 KEMYS (Arthur) and MERYK (Richard ap) Brys- 
 tolle the Acompts of the Custymers 
 
 Arthurus Kemys et Ricardus a Meryk CoUedlores 
 
 Custumarum et Subsidiorum domini Regis lanarum Cor- 
 
 riorum et pellium lanutarum in portu ville Bristoll. a 
 
 festo sci. Michaelis archangeli anno xii""" [xiii, xiiij] Regis 
 
 Henrici vij'"' vsque idem festum sci. Michaelis tunc proxime 
 
 sequens, redunt Computum ... (151) 
 
 Manuscript found among the muniments of the Chapter House, 
 
 Westminster Abbey. Exhibited at the Cabot Celebration, Bristol, 
 
 England, 24 June, 1897 : see note under DuFFERiN, No. 339. 
 
 Printed in : 
 
 " The Cabot Roll." The Customs Roll of the Port of Bristol 
 A.D. 1496 to 1499. Translated from the original Manu- 
 script recently discovered at Westminster Abbey, By Edward 
 Scott, M.A. (Keeper of Manuscripts in the British Museum). 
 With an Introduftion relating to entries of the Royal Pension 
 paid to John Cabot, Navigator, By Alfred E. Hudd, F.S.A. 
 Published by William George's Sons, Bristol, 1897. 150 copies 
 only. (152) 
 
Cabot BibUograpbs 67 
 
 Folio, loi X 15 inches. Cover T + i 1 introduftion + 3 11 
 facsimile + 3 II transcript + 3 11 translation ; printed on one side 
 of the sheet. 
 
 An entry in the second and third of these accounts, which cover 
 the administrative years beginning 29 September, 14.96, 1497, and 
 14.98, reads : 
 
 In tho in vna tall p Johe Caboot (Cabot, in 14.98-9) xx li. 
 
 This apparently proves that John Cabot's pension (see Henry 
 VII., Nos. 139, 141) for the years 1498-1499 had been paid (in 
 thesauro, in cash), and that the customers held the tally as a receipt 
 (in thesaurario, in the treasury). See Harrisse, No. 395, and the 
 IntroduSion, p. xliii. 
 
 Mr. Hudd's introduftion to the facsimile refrains from critical 
 comments on the text, and Mr. Harrisse can only say that these 
 Bristol accounts " strongly tend to prove that John Cabot did 
 return from his last voyage before September 29, 1498, aud that he 
 was still living after the latter date," — although they " do not in 
 themselves prove his personal presence either in London or Bristol 
 at the dates specified in the accounts." 
 
 KEMYS (Arthur) and MERYK (Richard ap) Visus 
 
 compi Arthur! Ketnys & Rici A' Meryk Collcoiji: 
 
 Custumaljfc & Subs dni Regis in port ville Bristott & in 
 
 singlis portub3 & locis eidm portui adjacentibus vidett de 
 
 fiuj cust & subs dni Regis ibm a fFesto sci Michis Archi 
 
 Anno xiij" dni Regis nunc Henrici septimi vsque iFestum 
 
 Pasche acciden xv™° die Aprilis tunc prox sequeii scitt ^ 
 
 medietatem vnius Anni & xvj dies ut supra. (153) 
 
 Manuscript, in the Public Record Office, London, Exchequer 
 
 Si^ R. Custom ^. First printed by Weare, Cabot, No. 560, 
 
 London, 1897, p. 131 ; with translation of the entire document on 
 
 pp. 333-336. 
 
 This "View of the accounts of the Colle6lors for Bristol," 
 for the half year beginning 29 September, 1497, contains an 
 entry which shows that Cabot received during the period ending 1 5 
 April, 1498, the half of his annuity granted by Henry VII., No. 
 139, and that he gave "an acquittance thereof to be shown upon 
 this view and remaining in the possession of the said coUeftors " : 
 Et eisdm — x ti g ipos solut Jofti Calboto veniciano 
 nup de villa Bristoll pdict p Annuitate sua ad xx ti p 
 Annu sibi p dcm diim Regem nunc p tras suas paten 
 concess pcipient ad duas Anni Terminos de Cust & 
 Subs in dco portu ville Bristott ^ven & crescen vidett ^ 
 Termino Annunc bte Marie virginis infra tempus huj 
 visus acciden p vnam Acquietanc ipius Jofiis inde sup 
 hunc visum ostens & penes dcos Collcores reman. 
 
68 (Eabot JSiblioarapbs 
 
 KOCHHAFF (Nathan). 
 
 See Chytrjeus, No. 75, the Latinized form of the name by 
 which the German student and traveller KochhafF is generally 
 known. 
 
 KRANTZIUS (Albertus). 
 
 See notes under Ziegler, No. Z32. 
 
 LA COSA (Juan de). 
 See CosA, No. 84. 
 
 LAET (Johannes de) Nows orbis seu descriptionis 
 indix occidentalis Libri xviij. Authore loanne de Laet 
 Antverp. Novis TabuHs Geographicis et variis Animan- 
 tium, Plantarum Fruftuumque Iconibus illustrati — Lugd. 
 Batav. apud Elzevirios. A°. 1633. (i54) 
 
 Folio. 2 T + 14 11 + pp 1-690 + 9 11 + 14 maps. 
 
 The introduftion to the description of New France states that 
 the Cabots not only discovered this region, but that they also 
 charted a considerable extent of its coast-line, as was proven by 
 the maps which they published, of which not a few still existed in 
 England, p. 31 ; see notes to No. 39. This passage reappears on 
 p. 33 of the French translation issued by the same publishers in 
 1640. It does not occur in the original Dutch editions of 1625 
 and 1630. 
 
 LANQUET (Thomas). 
 
 Cooper's continuation of Lanquet's Chronicle is described as 
 No. 81. 
 
 LA POPELLINIERE (Lancelot Voisin de) Les trois 
 mondes. par le seignevr de la Popelliniere — Paris 1582 
 
 (155) 
 8vo. T -I- 27 11 + map -(- 11 1-55 -|- 1-56 + 1-51. 
 There is a realistic rendering of the Mantuan gentleman's ac- 
 count of Gauoto, from Ramusio, No. 194, in liv. ii. 11. 41-42. 
 This version may have been used by Hakluyt in preparing his 
 Discours of 1584, No. 126. 
 
 LEARDO (Francisco). 
 
 The Informadon taken against Sebastian Cabot at the request of 
 Leardo is described as No. 12. 
 
Cabot Bibliograpb)? 69 
 
 LOK (Michael) Illvstri viro, Domino Philippo Sidnaeo 
 Michael Lok civis Londinensis banc chartatn dedicabat : 
 1582. (156) 
 
 Woodcut map; 38 x 29 cmm. ; 15 x iii inches. Published 
 with Hakluyt, Di'vers Voyages, No. 125. 
 
 Facsimiles are in the Hakluyt Society edition of the Divers 
 Voyages, — London, 1850 ; Catalogue of the John Carter Brotun 
 Library, — Providence, R. I., 1875, i. 288 ; Winsor, America, iii. 
 40; LvcAS, Zeno, — London, 1898. 
 
 "J. Gabot. 1497" appears on the mainland coast below " C. 
 Bretou." This is the earliest instance of the correfl: date for the 
 discovery in an existing printed document. The name of the dis- 
 coverer is likewise correftly given. 
 
 Lok's translation of Martyr, Decades, is described as No. 163. 
 
 LOPEZ DE GOMARA (Francisco). 
 
 The works of this historian are described under his more familiar 
 name of Gomara, No. 118. 
 
 LOVELL (Sir Thomas). 
 
 See notes under Brewer, No. 14'', and Drapers, No. 94. 
 
 MAIOLO, or MAGGIOLO (Vesconte de) Vesconte 
 de maiolo cuius Janue conposuy. In neapoly de anno. 
 1.5.1 1, die XX January (i57) 
 
 Manuscript atlas, 10 leaves, each 40 x 28 cmm., or i5i x 11 
 inches. In the John Carter Brown Library, Providence, R.I. 
 Described by Harrisse, Discovery, 468-469. 
 On the sixth map, which represents the arftic regions, is " Terra 
 de los Ingres," " Land of the English " presumably, west of 
 Europe, at the furthest north. South of this are " Terra de Lauor- 
 adore de rey de portugall," "tera de pescaria," and "Terra de 
 corte reale de rey de portugall." 
 
 MARINO DE BUCIGNOLO (Hieronimo de) Litters 
 
 scripts nomine Hieronymi di Marino Rhagusei ad Sebas- 
 
 tianum Caboto in Hispaniam existentem — Venetiis, 28 
 
 Aprilis 1523 (158) 
 
 Original manuscript copy in the State Archives, Venice, Capi 
 
 del Consiglio de'' Died, Letter e sottoscritte, Filza No. 6, is*3- 
 
 Printed in Bullo, No. 290, — Chioggia, 1880, 68. Translated 
 into English by Brown, Calendar (Venice), iii. No. 669. 
 
 For the circumstances under which this fi£litious letter was 
 written, see the notes to Contarini, Nos. 76-78, and Venice, 
 Nos. 225-227. The letter states that Cabot can doubtless recover 
 
7Q Cabot Bibliograpb? 
 
 the dowry of his mother if he appears in person to claim it : et mi 
 fii dato bona speranza de recuperar la dote di vostra madre, et 
 ameda, — the latter being very old and likely to die, haste is necessary. 
 The exaft significance of this term " ameda " apparently puzzles all 
 who have undertaken the elucidation of this passage. 
 
 The order for a payment to Marin, No. 226, shows that this 
 Ragusan messenger cannot have been entirely a fi6litious personage. 
 
 MARKHAM (Sir Clements Robert). 
 
 The Hakluyt Society volume which contains the standard English 
 versions of the important Cabot documents is described as No. 451. 
 
 MARTYR DE ANGHIERA (Pietro) De orbe nouo 
 Decades — [Colophon] . . . fuerunt hse tres protono tarii 
 Petri martyris decades Impressje in . . . Alcala pfe £tu 
 est nonis Np uebris An. 15 16. (^59) 
 
 Folio. 83 11. 
 
 Three decades of the New World history occupy the first 63 
 leaves, followed by 4 leaves of errata and " Vocabula barbara," on 
 the last of which is the colophon. The remaining 16 leaves con- 
 tain the " Legationis babilonicae." 
 
 Nine books of the first decade were printed at Hispali (Se'ville) 
 in 151 1. The three decades, with an abridgment of the fourth, 
 were reprinted, Basik<r, 1533 ; Coloma, 1574. They were trans- 
 lated, usually with editorial abridgment, into French, Paris, 1532; 
 Italian, Venetia, 1564; and English (see Eden, No. 96) — London, 
 
 iS?5, and i577- 
 
 In Dec. Ill, lib. vi, (1. 52, 1516 edition)there is an account of a 
 voyage by Sebastian Cabot, whom Martyr claims to have known 
 intimately ; Familiarem habeo domi cabotum ipsum & contubernalem 
 interdum ; and whom he describes as Venetian bom, having been 
 taken to England when very young ; genere uenetus : sed aparen- 
 tibus in britaniam insulam tendentibus : uti moris est uenetorum : 
 qui commercii causa terrarum omnium sunt hospites transportatus 
 pene infans. Cabot furnished two ships with 300 men at his own 
 expense and set sail northward until he was compelled to turn 
 towards the west by the great icebergs which he met, although it 
 was midsummer ; the daylight was almost continuous and the snow 
 was melted from the ground in places : & primo tendens cum homi- 
 nibus tercentum ad septentrionem donee etiam iulio mense uastas 
 repererit glaciales moles pelago natantes : & lucem fere perpetuam : 
 tellure tame libera gelu liquefafto. Quare coaftus fuit uti ait uela 
 uertere & occidEtem sequi. Cabot afterwards coasted southward 
 until he estimated that he was in the latitude of Gibraltar and 
 about the longitude of Cuba. He observed during the voyage a 
 westward drifting of the water, which suggested to Martyr a 
 passage opening towards the west. Martyr also thought that 
 
Cabot Bibliograpb^ 71 
 
 Cabot named this region Baccallaos because this was the name by 
 which the natives called the large fish or tunnies, which swarmed 
 off this coast : Baccallaos cabottus ipse terras illas appellauit : eo 
 q^ in earum pelago tantam reperit magnorum quorundam piscium : 
 tinnos emulantium : sic uocatorum ab indigenis : multitudinem : 
 ut etiam illi naui gia interdum detardarent. The people dressed in 
 skins and appeared to be intelligent. The bears of the country fed 
 on the fish and did not notice his men : ipsi piscibus uescantur. 
 Inter densa nancj piscium illorum agmina sese immergut vrsi : & 
 singulos singuli complexes : unguibus(| inter squamas inimissis in 
 terram raptat & commeduut : compare the notes under Ramusio, 
 No. 1 92. The natives possessed considerable copper, or " laton " 
 according to Eden, No. 96. 
 
 Martyr adds that Cabot had been called to the Spanish service 
 after the death of King Henry of England, and that he was anxiously 
 waiting until March, 1516, when he had been promised a fleet with 
 which to complete his discoveries : expeftatcj indies ut nauigia 
 sibi paretur : quibus arcanum hoc naturae latens iam tandem dete- 
 gatur. Martio mense anni futuri .1516: puto ad id explorandum 
 discessurum. This passage closes with the suggestive remark that 
 there are some persons among the Spaniards who deny that Cabot 
 was the first to visit Baccallaos or that he had been so far west. 
 
 MARTYR DE ANGHIERA (Pietro) De orbe no 
 uo Petri Martyris ab Angleria Mediolanen sis Protonotarij 
 Cesaris sena toris de-cades. Cum priuilegio Imperiali. — 
 Compluti M. D. XXX. (160) 
 
 Folio. T + fol. ij-cxvij -|- 3 II + map. 
 
 This is the first edition containing the eight decades of the com- 
 plete work. The Cabot passage of Decade III. is on fol. xlvj. 
 
 The date of Cabot's voyage is implied in a passage in Dec. VII, 
 cap. ii, fol. xcij, which was written in 1524; Bacchalaos anno ab 
 hinc sexto decimo ex Anglia per Cabotu repertos. Hakluyt in 
 1587 edited this so that it read, p. 4.71 of his edition of that year : 
 anno abhinc vigesimo sexto. See the IntroduQian, p. xliv, and No. 
 566. 
 
 Cabot's voyage to the Moluccas is described in Dec. VII, cap. 
 vi, fol. xcvij : see note to Cabot, No. 58. 
 
 The second edition has the title : 
 
 MARTYR DE ANGHIERA (Pietro) De orbe novo 
 petri martyris an-glerii Mediolanensis, Pro-tonotarij, & 
 Caroli quinti Senatoris Decades ofto, diligenti temporum 
 ob-seruatione, & vtilissimis annotationibus illustratas, 
 suoque nitori restitutae, Labore & industria Richardi 
 Haklvyti — Parisiis m.d.lxxxvii. (161) 
 
 8vo T -(- 7 11 -I- map + pp 1-605 ■{■ 12 11. 
 
l^ dabot Bibliograpbi? 
 
 The map, engraved on copper,20X 16.3 cmra., bears the eulogistic 
 legend, " Do6liss. et ornatiss. Rich. Hakluyto F. G. S. . . . Paris. 
 cal. Maij. m.d.lxxxvii." Along the Labrador shore of the river 
 and gult" of St. Lawrence is the legend : " Bacallaos ab Anglis 
 14.96." This map is said to have been drawn by Francis Gaulle. 
 The S probably stands for Salutat. (1^2) 
 
 Hakluyt's manipulation of the text of the Cabot passage is ex- 
 plained in the preceding notes to No. 160. 
 
 Eden's translation of the first three Decades, No. 96, with an 
 Engli>h version of the remaining books by Michael Lok, was pub- 
 lished as : 
 
 De Novo Orbe, or the historie of the west Indies ... by the 
 Industrie, and painefuU Trauaile of M. Lok Gent. — London 
 for Thomas Adams, 16 12. (163) 
 
 Small 4to. T + 4. 11 + 11 1-318. 
 
 This was reissued as : 
 
 The famovs historie of the Indies ... by L. M. Gent. The 
 second Edition — London for Michael Sparke, 1628. (164) 
 
 Small 4to. T + 2 11 + 11 1-318. 
 
 It was also issued as : 
 
 The historie of the West-Indies ... by M. Lok. Gent. — 
 London, for Andrew Hebb. (i^S) 
 
 Small 4to. T + 2 11 +11 1-318. 
 
 The text of these three editions is the same, except that the first 
 contains two leaves of" Epistola Dedicatoria " which were not re- 
 issued. The date of Hebb's issue is not known, but it was pre- 
 sumably later than 1628. The evidence so far as obtainable is 
 clearly stated in Henry Sten)ens' Historical CoUeSions, — London, i886,' 
 ii. 37-38. This work was reprinted in Evans' edition of Hakluyt, 
 No. 132, — London, 1812, v. 155-476. 
 
 The S'vmmario dal Pietro Martyre, — Venice, 1534, is described 
 under Ramusio, No. 192. 
 
 See notes under Chauveton, No. 73 ; and Willes, No. 230. 
 
 MARY TUDOR, Queen of England The Charter 
 of the Marchants of Russia, graunted vpon the discouerie 
 of the saide Countrey, by King Philip and Queene Marie. 
 — Westminster, 6 February, 1555. (^66) 
 
 Printed in Hakluyt, Voyages, — London, 1598, i, 267-272. See 
 Lemon, Calendar of Domestic State Papers, 1574-80, i. 65. 
 
 " And in consideration that one Sebastian Cabota hath bin the 
 chiefest setter forth of this iourney or voyage, therefore we make, 
 ordeine, and constitute him the said Sebastian to be the first and 
 present gouernour of the same fellowship and communaltie . . . To 
 haue and enioy the said office . . . during his naturall life, without 
 amouing or dimissing from the same roome." 
 
Cabot BiblioQrapbs 73 
 
 MARY TUDOR Pro Sebastiano Caboto de annuitate 
 concessa — apud Saint yames, xxvii. die Novembris. 
 (I555-) (167) 
 
 Printed in Rymer, Foedera, No. 202, — London, 1728, xv. 427; 
 Hague edition, vi. pt. iv. 40. 
 
 This is virtually a renewal of the pension granted by Edward VI., 
 No. 99 : in consideratione boni veri & acceptabilis Servitij nobis, 
 per dileftum Servientem nostrum Sebastianum Caboto Armigerum. 
 
 MARY TUDOR Pro Sebastiano Caboto concessio ad 
 vitam — apud JVestmonasterium vicesimo nono die Maii. 
 (I5S7-) ("68) 
 
 Printed in Rymer, No. 202, xv., 465-4.66 ; Hague edition, vi. 
 pt. iv.55. 
 
 Translated by Harrisse, Cabot, 459-460. 
 
 The document completes an agreement by which Cabot resigned 
 the pension granted him in 1555, and in its place this fresh grant 
 of the same sum, 250 marks annually, was made in similar terms to 
 Cabot and to William Worthington jointly : see the notes which 
 follow. The annuity was pledged to " them and the survivor of 
 them, their assigns, and the assigns of the survivor of them, . . . 
 for the term and terms of the lives of the said Sebastian and 
 William, and the survivor of them." 
 
 The Tellers Rolls, 103-106, quoted in Harrisse, Caiof, 454-460, 
 record that Cabot received ^33 6s, Sd., one half of his annual 
 ' pension of 100 marks, on 29 September, 1554, showing that this 
 allowance was granted him from the preceding 25 March. 
 Another payment of the same amount was made 25 March, 1555, 
 which is after the date of the grant of 250 marks. This payment 
 was by the hands of, per manus, Thome Tyrrell. On 29 Septem- 
 ber following, he received £8 3 6s. id. ; Sebastiano Caboto armigero 
 de annuitate sua ad centum marcas per annum sibi debitas pro 
 dimidioanni . . . per manus W" Worthington iiii xx iil li vjs viijd. 
 The amount of the pension is correftly given in the memoranda or 
 the payment at the end of the next quarter, 25 December. Pay- 
 ments, by the hands of Worthington or of the latter's servants, 
 continued to be made, on 25 March, 24 June, 29 September, and 
 25 December, 1556 ; 25 March, 24 June, and 29 September, 1557. 
 
 (169) 
 
 There seems to be no way of telling whether Worthington re- 
 ceived on his own account any part of the quarterly payments made 
 to Cabot " per manus W" Worthington " in June and September, 
 1557, after the issuance of No. 168. The payment ofjf4i ijs./[d. 
 on 25 December, 1557, was made to " William Worthington, armi- 
 gero, de annuitate sua." The natural inference is that, when this 
 record was made, Sebastian Cabot had died, although he may 
 merely have relinquished his share in the pension. (169") 
 
7+ Cabot BtbliograpbB 
 
 MASON (John) Newfovnd Land described by Captaine 
 lohn Mason an industrious Gent: who spent seuenyeares 
 in the Countrey (170) 
 
 Copper plate map, 26.5 x 17.3 cmm., or loi. x 6|. inches. 
 Published with William Vaughan's : 
 
 The Golden Fleece Diuided into three Parts, . . . lastly the 
 wayes to get wealth, and to restore Trading so much com- 
 playned of. Transported from . . . the Southermost Part of 
 the Hand, commonly called the Newfovndland, By Orpheus 
 lunior, For the generall and perpetuall Good of Great 
 Britaine. — London 1626 (171) 
 
 Small 4.to. T +13 11 + map + pp 1-14.9 + 1-105 + 1-96. 
 On the outer coast of the map, about latitude 4.9° 20', is "C 
 Bona Vista a Caboto primum reperta." Newfoundlanders some- 
 times suggest that this statement records the unbroken local tra- 
 dition preserved on the island since the landfall at this point in 
 
 1497- 
 
 A legend in the lower left corner reads : Insula olim appellata 
 Nona Terra a Cabota Veneto primu reperta Anno Diii 1499 sub 
 auspicijs et sumptibus Henrici 7 Anglorum Regis." 
 
 MEAD (Edwin Doak) The Voyages of the Cabots. 
 From Hakluyt's " Principal Navigations, Voyages and 
 Discoveries of the English Nation." (172) 
 
 Published in the series oi Old South Leaflets, No. 37, — Boston, 
 1895, 8vo, pp. i-ii. Edited by Mr. Edwin D. Mead. See note. 
 
 MEDINA (Pedro de) Arte de nauegar en que se con- 
 tienen todas las Reglas, Declara clones, Secretos, y Auisos, 
 q a la buena naue-gacio son necessaries, y se deue saber, 
 hecha per el maestro Pedro de Medina. Dirigida al sere 
 nissimo y muy esclarescido senor, don Phelipe principe de 
 Espana, y de las dos Sicilias &c. — [Colophon] ... el 
 presente libro . . . Fue visto y aprouado, en la insigne 
 casa de la Contraftacion delas Indias, por el Piloto mayor 
 y Cosmographos de su Magestad . . . ValladoUd . . . 
 Acabose primero dia del mes de 0£lubre . . . mil y 
 quinientos y quarenta y cinco anos. (^73) 
 
 Spanish folio. T + 5 H + fol. i-c + i 1. 
 
 Translated into French [Paris, 1553?); ^""i iSS4> '5^9) 
 1576; Rouen, 1573, 1633; into Italian, Finetia, 1554; into Ger- 
 man, (?) 1576; and into English, by John Frampton, — London, 
 1581, and 1595. 
 
Cadot Bibltograpbs 7S 
 
 Harrisse states that Cabot's appointment to examine this book, 
 — see the colophon reprinted above, — was made at the beginning of 
 OAoher (Cabot, 280), or on 28 November, 154.5 {Discoiiery , yog). 
 
 MENDEZ (Isabel). 
 
 MENDEZ (Martin). 
 
 The documents in the legal proceedings instituted against Cabot 
 by relatives of those who suffered under him during the expedition 
 to La Plata are described under Nos. 1 1, 24, 29, and 31. 
 
 MERYKE (Richard ap). 
 See Kemys, Nos. 151-153. 
 
 MERCHANTS ADVENTURERS. 
 
 The charter granted by Queen Mary to the English Merchants 
 Adventurers trading to Russia is described as No. 166. 
 
 MOLINEUX (Emmerie, or Emeric) Thou hast here 
 
 (gentle reader) a true hydrographical description of so 
 
 much of the world as hath beene hetherto discouered, and 
 
 is comne to our knowledge : which we haue in such sort 
 
 performed, yt all places herein set downe, haue the same 
 
 positions and distances that they haue in the globe (174) 
 
 Engraved copperplate map, 63.5 x 4.2.5 cmm., or 25A x 17 
 
 inches. Published with some copies of Hakluyt, Voyages, No. 
 
 129, — London, 1599- 1600. 
 
 Twenty-five copies of an autotype facsimile of this map were 
 issued by Bernard Quaritch, London, 1874.; Catalogue 294, No. 
 1632. A photogravure facsimile of an earlier state of the plate was 
 issued in separate cover with the Hakluyt Society edition of Davis, 
 No. 87, — London, March, 1880. 
 
 Across the northern Labrador mainland is the legend : " This 
 land was discouered by John Sebastian Cabote for Kinge Henry y^ 
 7th 1497." In the edition of Hakluyt for which this map 
 appears to have been drawn, the date of this discovery was changed 
 from 1494 to 3497. 
 
 Captain A. H. Markham, in his edition of Davis, No. 87, pp. 
 xxxiii, Ixi, and 364, gives reasons for suspefting that this map, which 
 has long been assigned to Molineux, was in reality the work of 
 Edward Wright, a mathematician who perfefted and rendered 
 prafticable what is known as " Mercator's Projeftion," which he 
 demonstrated in his Certain Errors in Na'vigation Deteiled, — London, 
 1599. His formulae were accurately introduced for the first time 
 on this map. 
 
 Mr. C. H. Coote, in a paper printed by the New Shakspere 
 Society, Transadioas, — London, 1878, ii. 88-100, suggested that this 
 
76 Cabot Bibliograpbp 
 
 map is the one referred to by Shakspere, in Tiuelfth Night, Aft 
 iii. Scene ii., as " the new Mappe, with the augmentation of the 
 Indies." In a suggestive note on the separate reprint of Mr. 
 Coote's paper, in his Catalogue 311, Bibliotheca Geographico-Lin- 
 guistica, — London, February, 1879, Book No. 11919, pp. 11 83-1 184., 
 Mr. Bernard Quaritch says that " the faft had already been stated 
 by me in a catalogue now four years old." There is no reference 
 to Tnxidfth Night in the notes on the facsimile of this map in Mr. 
 Quaritch's Catalogue 294, Voyages and Tra-vels, — London, January, 
 1875, Book Nos. 1623-1632, pp. 157-158. ('7+*) 
 
 Mr. Henry Stevens, in Historical ColleSions Catalogue, fart I — 
 1881, describing a copy for sale, suggests that "the curious little 
 round face-shaped map of the world in Wytfliet's Ptolemaum Aug- 
 mentum " may be the one referred to by Shakspere. 
 
 MUNSTER (Sebastian). 
 
 The Englishtranslationof Munster's Cosmographia Uniuersalis, 
 — Basle, 1550, is described under Eden, No. 95. 
 
 Francois de Belle-Forest, in his French recension ot 
 Munster, entitled Cosmographie Vni'verselle . . . augmentee, — 
 Paris, JS7Sy 3 volumes folio, inserted a passing reference to a search 
 for the north-west passage by a Venetian sailing under Henry VII. 
 of England, in tom. ii., column 2175. (i7S) 
 
 MYCHELL (William) [Testament of William Mychell 
 of London, Chaplain, dated 31 January, 1516-17. (176) 
 
 Manuscript in the Public Record Office, London, Principal 
 Registry of the Probate, Divorce and Admiralty Di'uision of the High 
 Court of Justice. 
 
 Printed by Travers Twiss, in the Nautical Magazine, London, 
 July, 1876, xlv. 675. 
 
 Mychell bequeathed 3/. \d. to his goddaughter, " Elizabeth filie 
 Sebastiani Caboto filiole mee." There is no means of determining 
 whether this daughter is the one Cabot mentions in his letter to 
 Samano, No. 38. 
 
 NASH (Bennett Hubbard). 
 
 See note under Raimondo, No. 190, tor Professor Nash's trans- 
 lation of one of the important Cabot documents. 
 
 NAVAGERO (Andrea) [Dispatch to the Senate at 
 Venice, dated 21 September, 1525. (^77) 
 
 Manuscript at Venice, Cicogna MSS. 1985, c. 213. 
 Printed by Bullo, No. 290, — Chioggia, 1880. Translated into 
 English by Rawdon Brown, Calendar {(^enice), iii. 481. 
 
 This report from the Venetian ambassador in Spain states that 
 an armada of 28 sail left Seville between the 15th and 20th of the 
 month, under the command of Sebastian Cabotto venetiano, and 
 
Cabot Btbltograpbs 77 
 
 that it was expefted that new discoveries would be made, including 
 possibly a new route to the Spice-lands, shorter than that taken by 
 Magellan in the Vittoria. 
 
 A memorandum written by Navagero, in 1528, and printed 
 by BuLLO, p. 69, from the C/fO^Ba MSB. cod. 1985,/. 933, suggests 
 that certain news received in Spain from Brazil telling of the arrival 
 of a Spiceries fleet, may refer to Cabot's ships. (178) 
 
 NUREMBERGER (Casimir). 
 
 The depositions made at Seville, 28 July, 1530, by a German 
 sailor, Casamieres norenberguer aleman — presumably from Nurem- 
 burg — who accompanied Cabot to La Plata, in regard to the mis- 
 management of that expedition, is printed by Harrisse, Cabot, 
 417-4.19. See the note under Cabot, No. 23. ('79) 
 
 ORTELIUS (Abraham) Thea trvm orbis terra rvm — 
 [Colophon] Antverpies m.d.lxx. (180) 
 
 Folio. T + 37 11 + S3 double-leaf maps. 
 
 This is the first edition of a work which ranks second only to 
 the Ptolemies in the cartographic importance of its succeeding 
 editions for the study of the growth of geographical knowledge 
 during the i6th-i7th centuries. For a detailed bibliography see : 
 
 Ecclesise Londini-Batavae Archivum. Tomus primus. Abrahami 
 Ortelii (Geographia Antverpiensis)etvirorum ervditorvm . . . 
 epistvlse. Cvm aliqvot aliis epistvlis et traftatibvs qvibvsdam 
 ab vtroqve coUeSis (i 524-1 628) . . . Edidit Joannes Henricvs 
 Hessels. — Cantabrigia 1887 (181) 
 
 4to. Pp i-lxxv + 1-966 + portrait and facsimiles. 
 
 The bibliography, pp. xxvi-li, is based on an essay by Dr. P. A. 
 Thiele in Bibliographische Achiersaria, — Hague, 1876, iii. 83. 
 
 Ortelius gives a " Catalogvs avflorvm tabvlarvm geographi- 
 carvm," which contains a list of the maps consulted by him. 
 Among these is the one by Sebastianvs Cabotus Venetus described 
 as No. 39°. 
 
 BiDDLE, No. 261, p. 56, assumed that the maps in Ortelius were 
 influenced by that of Cabot, and suggested various surmises as to 
 the probable charafteristics of Cabot's map, of which no copy was 
 then, 1 83 1, known. These surmises have not been verified by the 
 discovery of the mappemonde. No. 39, now at Paris. 
 
 OVIEDO Y VALDES (Gonzalo Fernandez de) 
 Historia general y natural de las Indias . . . por el capitan 
 Gonzalo Fernandez de Oviedo y Valdds, primer cronista 
 del nuevo mundo. Publicala la real academia de la historia, 
 cotejada con el codice original, enriquecida con las en- 
 miendas y adiciones del autor, i ilustrada con la vida y 
 
78 dabot Bibliograpbs 
 
 el juicio de las obras del mismo por D. Jos6 Amador de los 
 Rios. — Madrid 1851-1855. (182) 
 
 4. vols. 4to. Pp. cxi + 632; 511 ; 651 ; 619 ; plates. 
 
 The Hisioria General was written at the command of Charles V., 
 who appointed Oviedo " Royal Chronicler of the Indies " for this 
 purpose. The first nineteen books were written before 1532 and 
 printed at Seville in 1535 ; reprinted Salamanca, iS47- These in- 
 clude the history of Spanish America to 1527, but contain no men- 
 tion of Sebastian Cabot. The rest of the work remained in 
 manuscript until printed by the Spanish Academy of History in 
 1852-5. See notes to Ramusio, No. 192. 
 
 The important account of Cabot's expedition to La Plata, de- 
 rived mainly from personal intercourse with Alonso de Santa 
 Cruz and from other participants in the voyage, is in lib. xxiii. 
 caps, ii-v; vol. ii. 169-180. See Dahlgren, under Santa Cruz, 
 No. 204. Mr. Dahlgren translated the descriptive passages into 
 English, pp. 18-25, explaining the close agreement between this 
 description and the map drawn by Santa Cruz. Another transla- 
 tion of the most important passages is in Harrisse, Cabot, 203, 
 Z28-229. 
 
 Oviedo describes Cabot as " buena persona e diestro en su 
 ofH9io de la cosmographia y de hacjer una carta universal de todo el 
 orbe en piano 6 en un cuerpo espherico ; pero otra cosa es mandar 
 y gobernar gente que apuntar un quadrante 6 astrolabio. 
 
 PASQUALIGO (Lorenzo) [Letter to his brothers in 
 Venice — dated London^ 23 August, 1497. (183) 
 
 Copied in the manuscript iJzan'j of Marin Sanuto, No. 210, 
 preserved in the Marciana Library at Venice, under date of 1 1 
 Oftober, 1497, i. fol. 374. 
 
 Printed by Rawdon Brown, No. 15, — Venice, 1S37, pt. i. 99 ; 
 in Sanuto, Diarii, — Venice, 1879, i. 806-808, and in many of the 
 later volumes devoted to Cabot. 
 
 Translated by Rawdon Brown, No. 16, asACalendar {Venice), 
 1864, i. 262 ; frequently reprinted. 
 
 This, the earliest known description of Cabot's 1497 voyao-e, 
 was probably written within a fortnight of the arrival in London 
 of the news that the Bristol sailors had returned. Pasqualigo 
 reports that the Venetian, called Zuam Talbot, said that he had 
 found the territories of the Gram Cam on the mainland at a dis- 
 tance of 700 leagues, having coasted 300 leagues : dice haver trovato 
 lige 700 lontam de qui Terraferma el paexe del Gram Cam. 
 Andato per la costa lige 300. He planted a large cross with the 
 flags of England and the Venetian St. Mark. He did not see any 
 people on shore, but he brought back to the king snares for catching 
 game and a needle for making nets : certi lazi ch' era testi per 
 prender salvadexine, e uno ago da far rede. From certain marks 
 
Cabot Btbliograpbs 79 
 
 on the trees he judged that there were people about, and retired 
 to his ship. The voyage certainly occupied three months. On 
 the return, two island.s were seen towards the right, but the lack of 
 provisions prevented him from stopping to go on land : iudicha 
 che ze persone. Vene in nave per dubito et e stato niexi tre sul 
 viazo e questo e certo e al tornar aldreto a visto do ixole . . . He 
 noticed the slackness of the tides. Pasqualigo goes on to state that 
 he was enjoying his return to his Venetian wife and children in 
 Bristol. He was called " Admiral," el gran armirante, with 
 great honour, went about dressed in silk, while the English and 
 foreign residents madly besought him for permission to accompany 
 him on the ten ships which it was said the king had authorized him 
 to equip for a voyage the next spring : el re le ha promesso a tempo 
 novo navil x e armati come lui voia ed ali dato tutti i presonieri 
 da traditori in fuora che vadano con lui come lui a rechiesto e ali 
 dato danari fazi bona ziera fino a quel tempo . . . e sti Inglexi li 
 vano driedo a mo pazi e pur ne volese tanti quanti navrebe con lui 
 e etiam molti de nostri furfanti (i.e. Venetian ; doubtless all the 
 foreign rogues were not from Venice). 
 
 PERRENOT (Antoine). 
 
 A request for the return of Cabot from England to the Imperial 
 service, conveyed to the English Ambassador by the Bishop of 
 Arras, the Emperor's envoy in Flanders, is mentioned in the notes 
 to Cheyne, No. 74.. 
 
 PHILIP AND MARY. 
 
 The documents issued in the name of Philip and Mary are 
 described under Mary Tudor, Nos. 166-169. 
 
 PTOLEMY (Claudius). 
 
 The edition of Ptolemy's Geography published in Rome in 1508 
 described under Ruysch, No. 201. 
 
 PUEBLA (RuY Gonzalez de). 
 
 See Gonzalez de Puebla, No. iig-120. 
 
 PURCHAS (Samuel) Pvrchas his pilgrimage, or relations 
 of the world and the religions observed in all ages And 
 places discouered, from the Creation unto this present. In 
 foure Partes. This first contai-neth A Theologicall and 
 Geographicall Historie of Asia, Africa, and America, with 
 the Hands Adiacent . . . With briefe Descriptions of the 
 Countries, Nations, States, Discoueries, Priuate and Pub- 
 like Customes, and the most Remarkable Rarities of 
 
8o Cabot JBibliograpbi? 
 
 Nature, or Humane Industrie, in the same. By Samvel 
 Pvrchas, Minister at Est wood in Essex. — London 1613 
 
 (184) 
 
 Folio. T + 13 11 + pp i-(75+) + 10 11. 
 
 PURCHAS (Samuel) Pvrchas his Pilgrimage . . . The 
 second Edition, much enlarged with Additions through 
 the whole Worke — London 1614. (185) 
 
 Folio. T + 13 11 + pp I -(900) + 18 11. 
 
 Reissued the same year with a different title ; reprinted in 161 7 
 as third edition, and in i6z6 as fourth edition ; see No. 186. See 
 collations and notes by Wilberforce Eames in Sabin, Di3ionary of 
 Books relating to America, — NetJu York, 1886, xvi. 112-124. 
 
 Cited as Purchas, Pilgrimage. 
 
 The suggestion that the new world " might more rightly be 
 termed Cabotia, or Sebastiana, of Sebastian Cabot," occurs, perhaps 
 for the first time, on p. 602 of the 161 3 edition. 
 
 The narratives printed by Hakluyt are summarized on p. 620 : 
 in the second edition, p. 738, Purchas suggests that Cabot may 
 have been concerned in the voyageof Thome and Eliot in 1527, as 
 related by Hakluyt. 
 
 PURCHAS (Samuel) Haklvytvs Posthumus or Pvrchas 
 his Pilgrimes. Contayning a History of the World, in 
 Sea voyages, & lande-Trauells, by Englishmen & others. 
 Wherein Gods Wonders . . . w* a world of the Worlds 
 Rarities, are by a world of Eywitnesse-Authors, Re-lated 
 to the World. Some left written by M"'. Hakluyt at his 
 death More since added, His also perused, & perfefted. 
 All examined, abreuiated. Illustrated w"" Notes, En- 
 larged w"" Dis-courses, Adorned w^piftures, and Expressed 
 in Mapps. In fower Parts, Each containing fiue Bookes. 
 By Samvel Pvrchas, B.D. — London 1625. (186) 
 
 Folio. 4 volumes, described in detail by Eames in Sabin, as 
 noted above. Usually accompanied by the 4.th edition of the Pil- 
 grimage, 1626 (No. 185), which is generally known as vol. v. of 
 this set. 
 
 Cited as Purchas, Pilgrimes. 
 
 The Cabot narratives are in : 
 
 PURCHAS (Samuel) Pvrchas his pilgrimes. in five bookes 
 . . . The fourth, English Northerne Nauigations, and 
 Discoueries : Relations of . . . the North-west passage . . . 
 
Cabot Bibltograpbs si 
 
 The fifth. Voyages and Trauels to and in the New World 
 . . . The Third Part . . . — London 1625. (187) 
 
 Folio. T + 12 11 + pp i-(iio8) + 34. 11 + 3 maps. 
 
 PURCHAS (Samuel) Pvrchas his pilgrimes. in five 
 bookes. The sixth, Contayning English Voyages, to the 
 East, West, and South parts of America ; . . . The 
 ninth, EngHsh Plantations, Discoueries, ASs, and Occur- 
 ents, in Virginia and Summer Hands, . . . The tenth, 
 English Discoueries and Plantations in New England, 
 New-found-land ; with the Patent and Voyuges to New 
 Scotland . . . The Fourth Part — London 1625 (188) 
 
 Folio. T -|- 2 11 + pp 1 141.(1 971) + 20 11 -|- 2 maps. 
 
 The summary of Hakluyt, iii. 807-808, is supplemented by 
 "the wordes of the great Map . . . of which Sebastian Cabot is 
 often therein called the Authour, and his Pifture is therein drawne, 
 with this Title, EfRgies (see No. 52) . . . This Map, some say, 
 was taken out of Sir Seb. Cabots Map by Clem. Adams 1549." 
 " Sir Sebastian Cabot, for his English breeding, conditions, affec- 
 tion and aduancement, termed an English man." 
 
 This map and portrait in the royal privy gallery are again re- 
 ferred to, iv. 181 2, in connexion with the account of the Pert 151 6 
 voyage. 
 
 RAGUSAN (The). 
 
 See Marino di Bucignolo, No. 158, and the notes to Conta- 
 RiNi, No. 76, and Venice, No. 225. 
 
 RAIMONDO DI SONCINO. [Dispatch to the Duke 
 of Milan, — London, 24 August, 1497. (189) 
 
 Two versions of the extrail from this report which relate to 
 Cabot are printed by Harrisse, J. et S. Cabot, 323 ; one of these, 
 he suggests in his Cabot, 391, may be a rendering into Italian from 
 Rawdon Brown's English translation, in Calendar (Venice), i. 
 260, made by Sig. Bullo, l^era Patria, 60. The original manu- 
 script is in the Archives of the Sforza, at Milan. 
 
 The Milanese agent reported that a Venetian mariner of repute, 
 sent out some months previously by the English king, had found 
 two fine islands, and the seven cities, 400 leagues west of England, 
 and that the king planned a new expedition with 15 or 20 ships : 
 uno Veneciano el quel e molto bono marinate et a bona scientia de 
 trovare insule nove ... a ritrovato due insula nove grandissime 
 et fruftiffere et etiam trovato le septa citade lontane da I'insula de 
 Ingliterra lege 400 per lo caraino de ponente. 
 
 A comparison of Rawdon Brown's translation, reprinted in 
 G 
 
82 Cabot Bibliograpbs 
 
 American History Leaflet, ix. 6-7, with that of Markham, No. 451, 
 p. 202, is suggestive: also translated by Beazley, No. 256, p. 
 62. 
 
 RAIMONDO DI SONCINO [Dispatch to the Duke 
 of Milan. — London, 18 December, 1497. (^9°) 
 
 Original manuscript in the State Archives, Milan, Potenze Estere, 
 Inghilterra 1497. decemb. 
 
 Printed in the Annuario Scientifico del 1865, — Milan, 1866, p. 
 700; correfted in Desimoni, No. ■^zg,— Genoa, 1881, pp. 53-55. 
 
 A translation by Professor B. H. Nash in WiNSOR, America, 
 iii. 54-55, has been frequently reprinted. 
 
 This is the most important single narrative of the Cabot dis- 
 covery. The Milanese agent reported what he had learned from 
 personal interviews with the poor but skilful Venetian Zoanne 
 Caboto ! uno populate Venetiano . . . de gentile ingenio, peritis- 
 simo dela navigatione . . . alienigena et povero. Cabot said that 
 the newly discovered islands acquired by Spain and Portugal had 
 suggested to him the possibility of a similar achievement on behalf 
 of England. He sailed with a little ship, fitted out from Bristol, 
 and eighteen men, chiefly English, although there was probably one 
 Burgundian and possibly a Genoese barber or surgeon. Steering 
 westwards from Bristol, beyond Ireland, he turned north, laying his 
 course Eastwards — i.e., not a mistake for westerly, but in all prob- 
 ability meaning "towards the Eastern countries " — keeping the north 
 star for a while on his right. After much tossing about, he hit 
 upon mainland, of which he took possession by raising the royal 
 banner : passato Ibemia piu occidentale, e poi alzatosi verso el 
 septentrione, comencio ad navigare ale parte orientale, lassandosi 
 (fra qualche giomi) la tramontana ad mano drita, et havendo assai 
 errato, infine capitoe in terra . . . et preso certi segnali, se ne re- 
 tomato. He collefted a few objefts and returned to England, 
 where he showed where he had been on a map of the world and on 
 a globe which he had made, — see No. 19''. Cabot and his English 
 companions agreed in saying that they found the sea full of fishes, 
 which could be caught with nets, or even with a basket sunk by a 
 stone, so that this region was likely to supplant the trade to Iceland 
 for stockfish. The country was said to be good, and temperate, 
 and they thought that Brazil wood and silk grew there : et dicono 
 che la e terra optima et temperata, et estimanno che vi nasca el 
 brasilio et le sete, et afFermanno che quello mare e coperto de pessi 
 . . . et questo io Iho oldito narrare al difto messer Zoanne. Not 
 content with this fishing trade, Cabot, who had seen at Mecca the 
 caravans bringing goods of the far East, hoped to follow the coast 
 to Cipango-Japan, where he expefled to find all the spices and 
 precious stones. The king promised Cabot some ships for a new 
 expedition, and all the convifls for a colony in the new land. The 
 discoverer in princely fashion had presented an island to his Bur- 
 
Cabot Bibliograpbg 83 
 
 gundian companion, and another to his Genoese barber, both of 
 whom expefted to become Counts, while several poor Italian friars 
 who were going to the new land had been promised bishoprics : 
 Ho ancora parlato cum uno Borgognone compagno di mess. Zoanne 
 chi afferma tutto, et vole tornarci perche lo armirante (che gia 
 messer Zoanne cosi se intitula) li ha donato una Isola; et ne ha 
 donato una altra ad un suo barbero da castione Genovese. This 
 barber " da castione " is supposed to have belonged in Castiglione 
 near Genoa ; hence it is inferred that Cabot may have been born in 
 that place. 
 
 The closing sentences of the letter describe the life of the envoy 
 in England, and the amount of credit to be placed upon the pre- 
 ceding statements depends in part upon the impression derived from 
 his complaint that he is reduced to eating ten or twelve dishes and 
 sitting many hours at table : sono redutto in questo paese ad 
 mangiare ogni pasto de x o xii vivande, et stare tre hore ad tavola 
 per volta ogni giorno due volte per amore de' Vostra Excellentia. 
 There seems to be nothing in this, however, which necessarily dis- 
 credits the obvious purport of the envoy's report about Cabot. 
 
 RAMIREZ (Luis) [Letter addressed " A las Senoras mis 
 tias la de Luis Perez y Pedro Gajardo beso las manos con 
 las de las Senoras mis primas todas [blank in the original] 
 Senores sus maridos " — Do Rio da Prata^ a lO de lullio 
 de 1528. (191) 
 
 Printed by Varnhagen, from a manuscript in the Biblioteca 
 alta do Escorial, in the Renjista trimensal do Instituto hisiorico e 
 geografico do Brazil — Rio de Janeiro, 1852, xv. 14-41. A portion 
 is reprinted in Tarducci, No. 539, pp. 392-395 : translated into 
 English in Brownson's Tarducci, No. 540. There is a French 
 version in the Nowvelles Annates des Voyages, Paris, 1843, P^r' "'• 
 
 39-73; 
 
 This letter contains a very valuable summary of what had hap- 
 pened to Cabot and his expedition since the departure from San 
 Lucar two years before. 
 
 RAMUSIO (Giovanni Battista) Libro primo della 
 histo ria de Tin die oc ciden tali [mdxxxiiii] 
 
 Svmmario de la generale historia de I'indie occi-dentali 
 cavato da li-bri scritti del si-gnor don Pietro Martyre del 
 consi glio delle indie della maesta de I'imperadore, et da 
 molte altre par-ticvla-ri rela-tioni. (192) 
 
 Small 4to. T -(- 11 2-79 -(- map -^ T -f- 11 2-64 -|- 2 11 -f- T -(- 
 14 11. 
 
 The date appears on the titles of the second and third parts, but 
 not on the first. The colophon at the end of the second part 
 
84 Cabot Bibliograpbs 
 
 reads: Stampato in Finegia, nel mese di Decembre, Del. 1534- ; 
 and at the end of the third part : In Vinegia, Del mese d'Ottobre. 
 
 MDXXXIIII. 
 
 The second part is titled : Svmmario de la natvrale et general 
 histo ria de I'Indie occidentali, composta da Gonzalo ferdi-nando 
 del Ouiedo. The third is : Libro vltimo del svmraa rio delle indie 
 oc ciden tali. 
 
 Reprinted in the third volume of Ramusio's Naijigationi, No. 
 196. 
 
 The Cabot narrative, clearly based upon that in Martyr, Dec. 
 III. lib. vi. (see notes to No. 159) is on 1, (65). Here, however, 
 the " pene infans " passage is expanded by the information that " da 
 poi la morte del quale (suo padre) trouandosi ricchissimo, & di 
 grade animo, delibero si come hauea fatto Christophoro Colombo 
 voler anchor lui scoprire qualche nuoua parte del mondo." The 
 reference to westward currents is omitted, and its place supplied 
 by a much more vivid description of the catching offish by bears. 
 
 See note under Chauveton, No. 73. 
 
 The internal evidence of this passage affords little help toward 
 the solution of a problem whose importance it clearly suggests : 
 whether, as M. d'Avezac suggested in his Annie Veritable de la 
 Naissance de Colomb, — Faris, 1 8 7 3, p. i o, ». 8 , portions of the " many 
 other private accounts " which are mentioned in the title were in- 
 corporated into the text of this translation from Peter Martyr by 
 Ramusio, who has been accepted as the probable editor of this 
 Summario (see Harrisse, Colomb, i. 92-94-) ; or whether, as Mr. J. C. 
 Brevoort suggested in a note in WiNSOR, America, iii. 20, this Italian 
 summary is another and earlier form of the material which Martyr 
 rearranged for his volume printed in 1516, No. 159. Neither 
 alternative throws much light on the questions, most important to 
 the students of Cabot, as to whence this additional information was 
 derived. The statements seem to come, more or less indireftly, 
 from an eyewitness, presumably through Sebastian Cabot. But 
 how conveyed, and whether before 1515 or before 1534, is not 
 apparent. 
 
 RAMUSIO (Giovanni Battista) Primo Volvme delle 
 Navigationi et Viaggi nel qval si contiene la Descrittione 
 deir Africa . . . Et la Nauigatione attorno il mondo. — 
 Venetia mdl. ('93) 
 
 Folio. T -I- 3 11 -t- 11 1-405. 
 Reprinted as : 
 
 RAMUSIO (Giovanni Battista) Primo volume, et 
 Seconda editione ... in molti Ivoghi corretta, et am- 
 pliata. . . . Aggiuntoui di nuouo . . . Tre Tauole di 
 
Cabot Bibliograpbi? 85 
 
 Geographia in disegno — [Colophon] . . . Venetia . . . 
 Luc' Antonio Giunti, nel mese di Marzo. mdliiii. (194) 
 
 Folio. T + 3 11 +11 1-34. + 1-436 + 3 maps. 
 
 Reprinted in 1563, 1588 (1587), 1606, and 1613, the text re- 
 maining virtually unchanged from the second edition. The wood- 
 cut maps of 1 5 54. were replaced by copper engravings, which are 
 often not found in copies having their original bindings. A portion 
 of this volume, 257 pages, was reprinted with the imprint : Venezia, 
 co' tipi di Luigi Plet, mdcccxxxvh. 
 
 In 1563 the name of Ramusio, who died in 1559, appeared on 
 the title as editor. 
 
 The tantalizing " conversation with an anonymous guest at the 
 house of Hieronimo Fracastor" at Caphi near Verona, occupies 
 II. 413-415 ; the Cabot passage is on 11. 414D-415A. A number of 
 changes, chiefly verbal, were made in the text of this conversation 
 as reprinted in the succeeding editions, which were edited from 
 Ramusio's manuscripts and notes by Tomaso Giunti. The most 
 interesting of these is the addition of the word " Mantouano," of 
 Mantua, to the introduftorycharafterization of the informant. Eden, 
 translating this narrative for his Decades of 1 555, rewrote the head- 
 ing to read, 1. 249 : " . . . Also of the vyage to Cathay and East 
 India by the north sea : And of certeyne secreates touchynge the 
 same vyage, declared by the duke of Moscouie his ambassadoure 
 to an excellent lerned gentelman of Italie, named Galeatius 
 Butrigarius. Lykewyse of the vyages of that woorthy owlde man 
 Sebastian Cabote . . ." Hakluyt borrowed Eden's translation for 
 his Voyages, iii. 6-7, although he used the marginal reference, 
 "taken out of the second volume of y* voyages of Baptista 
 Ramusius," and altered the title, to read : " A discourse of Sebas- 
 tian Cabot . . . vsed to Galeacius Butrigarius the Popes Legate 
 in Spaine, and reported by the sayd Legate in this sort." 
 
 Harrisse, in his J. etS. Cabot, 338, and more fully in his Cabot, 
 463-465, shows conclusively that inasmuch as Galeazzo Bottrigari 
 or Butrigario died in 1518, before the date of events which Cabot is 
 reported to have described to the " Mantuan gentleman," these 
 two could not have been the same person. Harrisse also finds no 
 reason for accepting, with Deane in Winsor, America, iii. 26, the 
 arguments of BuLLo and Desimoni, who have tried to prove that 
 the Mantuan was GianGIacomo Bardolo. 
 
 The date of the reported interview at Caphi is fixed by 
 d'Avezac, in a careful study of the passage in the Re'uue Critique, 
 v. 265, as approximately 1544 or 1545. 
 
 The report of this conversation is the most perplexing single 
 piece of information regarding the Cabots. The style in which it 
 is recorded, the apparently direft personal intercourse between the 
 several communicants, the use of the rhetorical present tense which 
 seems to give the exaft words used by Cabot, the evident respefta- 
 bility and authority of the unnamed gentleman, and even the osten- 
 tatious disavowal of any pretentions to exaft recoUeftion — all these 
 
86 Cabot Bfbliograpbg 
 
 faftstendto obscure the absolute unreliability of the entire passage. 
 The length of time that had elapsed, the absence of anything which 
 might have fixed the specific details clearly in the memory, the 
 very eminence of individuals which has so often been held to relieve 
 them from the necessity of detailed exaftness, the essential levity of 
 the occasion when Ramusio received the information, need to be 
 considered, together with the most important fafl: of all, that Cabot, 
 the Mantuan, and Ramusio were each, on every occasion when the 
 information was transmitted, chiefly interested in something — the 
 best way to reach the Spice lands fi-om Europe — which had only 
 the slightest connexion with the details over which the modem 
 historical controversies about Cabot have raged. 
 
 Ramusio reports that during a pause in their conversation, the 
 Mantuan gentleman — vn gentil' huomo, grandissimo philosopho, 
 & mathematico . . . il nome del quale per suoi rispetti non si dice 
 — asked if they were unaware of the achievements of a very eminent 
 Venetian living in Spain : quel che fece (Eden, " as dyd of late ") 
 gia vn vostro cittadino Venetiano, ch'e cosi valente & pratico 
 delle cose pertinenti alia nauigatione, & alia cosmographia, ch' in 
 Spagna al presente non v'e vn suo pari, & la sua virtu I'ha fatto 
 preporre a tutti li pilotti che nauigano all' Indie occidentali. He 
 proceeded to tell them that when he was in Seville a few years pre- 
 viously, he sought the acquaintance of this man, Sebastiano Caboto, 
 who met him courteously and showed him, among other things, 
 the map described as No. 42 : ritrouandosi gia alcuni anni (Eden, 
 " beinge certeyne yeares in Siuile ") nella citta di Siuiglia, & desi- 
 derando di saper di qlle nauigationi di Castigliani, gli fu detto, 
 che v' era vn gra vaient' huomo Venetiano che hauea '1 carico 
 di quelle . . . il qual sapeua far carte marine di sua mano, & in- 
 tendeua I'arte del nauigare piu ch' alcun altro . . . io trouai vna 
 gentilissima persona & cortese. Cabot said that his father had left 
 Venice many years before and settled in London as a merchant, he 
 being still very young, although he had studied the humanities 
 and geography. His father died about the time that the English 
 court began to discuss the news of Columbus' wonderful discovery. 
 Feeling a desire to achieve something equally great, he convinced 
 Henry VII, by means of the globe that there was a shorter route 
 westward to the Indies. In the early summer of 1496 — (Eden 
 interpolated, " as farre as I remember." Ramusio, at the be- 
 ginning of his report of the whole conversation, wrote : II qual 
 ragionamento non mi basta I'anirao di poter scriuer cosi parti- 
 colarmente com' io lo vdi, perche visaria di bisogno altro ingegno, 
 & altra memoria, che non ela mia, pur mi sforzero sommarlamente, 
 & come per capi di recitar quel che mi potro ricordare) — the king 
 furnished him with two well equipped caravels with which he sailed 
 westwards, expefting to reach Cathay and thence to proceed to 
 India : & cominciai a nauigar verso maestro, pensando di non 
 trouar terra se non quella doue e il Cataio, & di li poi voltar verso 
 le Indie. The land which he came upon trended northward, and 
 he followed this, in the hope of finding a passage to the west, as 
 
dabot Blbliograpbi? 87 
 
 far as 56°, where the coast turned to the east. Returning, he con- 
 tinued the search southwards as far as Florida — the name by which 
 all the south-eastern portion of the present United States was known 
 in 1550 : ma in capo d' alquanti giorni la discopersi che correua 
 verso tramontana, che mi fu d' infinito dispiacere. & pur andando 
 dietro la costa per vedere s' io poteua trouar qualche golfo, che 
 voltasse, non vi fu mai ordine, che andato sin a gradi cinquantasei 
 sotto il nostro polo, vedendo che quiui la costa voltaua verso 
 leuante, disperato di trouarlo, me ne tornai a dietro a ricognoscere 
 anchora la delta costa dalla parte verso I'equinottiale. sempre con 
 intentione di trouar passaggio alle Indie, & venni sino a quella 
 parte che chiamono al presente la Florida, & mancandomi gia la 
 - vettouaglia, presi partite di ritornarmene in Inghilterra. Returning 
 to England, he found the attention of king and court absorbed in 
 an internal rebellion and war with Scotland, so that he offered his 
 services to Ferdinand and Isabella, who sent him on a voyage of 
 discovery to the coast of Brazil. (Perkin Warbeck's rebellion was in 
 June, 1497 ; the truce with James IV. of Scotland in September, 
 1497; the death of Isabella in 1504; Cabot's employment by 
 Ferdinand in 151Z ; and his La Plata voyage in 1516. All these 
 may have been jumbled in this curious fashion by Cabot : it is in- 
 finitely more reasonable to suppose that Cabot mentioned these 
 things to his visitor, in whose mind they arranged themselves re- 
 gardless of chronology or aftual association.) He described the 
 exploration of La Plata for 200 leagues : trouata vn grossissimo, 
 & larghissimo fiume, detto al presente della Plata, lo volsi nauigare, 
 & andai all' insu per quello piu di secento leghe trouandolo sempre 
 bellissimo, & habitato da infiniti popoli, che per marauiglia 
 correuano a vedermi, & in quello sboccauano tanti fiumi, che non 
 si potria credere. He concluded by saying, " I made many other 
 voyages, which I do not mention, and at last, finding that I was 
 growing old, I wished to rest, after having instniiled so many 
 praftical and valiant young seamen, by whose forwardness I rejoice 
 in the fruit of my labour." " Questo e quanto io intesi dal signor 
 Sebastiano Caboto." 
 
 It should be noted that the statement regarding his father's death 
 shows clearly the influence of Ramusio's S-vrnmario of 1534, No. 
 192, and that the two ships as distinftly suggest Martyr, No. 159. 
 
 An exegetical interpretation or explanation of the difficulties in 
 this narrative, by Archbishop O'Brien, No. 470, p. cxxxix, suggests 
 that Sebastian's father may really have died at about the time the 
 news reached England of the discovery of the South American 
 mainland by Columbus in 1498. 
 
 See notes to Hakluyt, No. 128, and La Popellini^re, No. 
 155- 
 
 RAMUSIO (Giovanni Battista) Secondo Volvme delle 
 Navigationi et Viaggi — Venetia mdlix. (Colophon, 
 MDLViii.) (195) 
 
88 Cabot Bibliograpbs 
 
 Folio. T +2 11 + 11 2-28 + 1-156. 
 
 "Nvova editione accrescivto," 1573 ; third edition, with further 
 additions, 1583 ; reprinted, 1606, in which year, for the onlytime, 
 the three volumes appeared together with the same imprint. 
 
 The edition of 1583 contained for the first time: Navigatione 
 di Sebastiano Cabota . . . Discoprimento del mare settentrionale 
 sino al gran fiume Obbo, fatto del mese di Maggio del 1556; 11. 
 21 1 -219. This agrees, for the most part, with the Na'vigation of 
 Burroughs, No. 18, but the differences are such as could only 
 have resulted from independent copies of an original journal, or 
 from the logs of different sailing masters. There is a short intro- 
 duftion, which shows much classical learning, presumably written 
 by the Italian editor, and which contains the reasons urged by 
 Cabot in favour of this north-east expedition, whence the mislead- 
 ing heading. ('95") 
 
 A reference to this narrative, verbally correft, in Leon Pinelo, 
 Biblioteca, No. 436, — Madrid, 1629, p. 45, led his continuator, the 
 Marques de Torre-Nueva, Biblioteca aiiadido y enmendado, — 
 Madrid, 1737, i. col. 377, into the statement, likewise correfl, that 
 this narrative of Sebastian's voyage was printed in Italian in 1583. 
 Leon Pinelo in 1629 having also stated, presumably correftly, that 
 this Cabot narrative was written in English, therefore Navarrete, 
 No. 466, — Madrid, i85i,ii. 698, credited him with the statement 
 that Sebastian wrote an account of the voyage of 1497, which was 
 printed in English and also in Italian in 1583. (195'') 
 
 RAMUSIO (Giovanni Battista) Terzo Volvme delle 
 Navigationi et Viaggi nel qvale si contengono Le Nauiga- 
 tioni al Mondo Nuouo, alii Antichi incognito, fatte da 
 Don Christoforo Colombo . . . con gli acquisti fatti da 
 lui, Et accresciuti poi da . . . altri valorosi Capitani, in 
 diuerse parti delle dette Indie . . . Le Nauigationi fatte 
 dipoi alle dette Indie, poste nella parte verso Maestro Tra- 
 montana, dette hora la Nvova Francia, scoperte al Re 
 Christianiss. la prima volta da Bertoni & Normandi, Et 
 dipoi da Giouanni da Verrazzano ... Si come dimostra- 
 no le diuerse Relationi, tradotte di lingua Spagnuolo & 
 Francese nella nostra — Venetia mdlvi. (^Q^) 
 
 Folio. T + 11 2-6 + 1-34 -1- 1-456. The pagination includes 
 7 folded maps. 
 
 Reprinted in 1565, and with additions in i6o6. 
 The S'vmmario of 1534 constitutes the first part of this third 
 volume, the Cabot passage being on 11. 35-36, with a separate head- 
 ing: Come Sebastian gabatto Vinitiano partitosi d'Inghilterra per 
 scoprir nuoue terre in certo luoco trouo la tramontana sopra dise 
 eleuata .55. gradi, & la notte in quel luoco non esser simile alle 
 
CaDot Bibliograpbg 89 
 
 nostre, & in che modo gli orsi faccino lacacciacon certipesci grand! 
 detti baccalai. 
 
 In the preliminary Discorso, 1. 4, Ramusio remarks that he did 
 not know whether there was an open water passage through to 
 Cathay north of 50°, " as was written to me many years ago by 
 Sebastian Gabotto," a great cosmographer, who sailed beyond New 
 France under Henry VIII. " And he told me that having sailed 
 a long time west and by north," to 67°, and finding the sea still 
 open on June 11, he had hoped to follow that route to Cathay, but 
 the sailors refused to continue : mi diceua, come essendo egli 
 andato lungamete alia volta di ponente & quarta di Maestro dietro 
 queste Isole poste lugo la detta terra fino a gradi sessantasette & 
 mezzo sotto il nostro polo, a' xi, di Giugno, & trouandosi il mare 
 aperto, & senza impedimento alcuno, pensaua fermamente p quella 
 via di poter passare alia volta del Cataio Orientale, & 1' haurebbe 
 fatto, se la malignita del padrone & de marinari soUeuati non 
 1' hauessero fatto tornare a dietro. (196'') 
 
 An admirable bibliography of the Ramusio coUeftion, with 
 careful collations and an inventory of the contents ot the respeftive 
 volumes, by Wilberforce Eames, is in Sabin, DiSlionary of Books 
 relating to America, — Neixi York, 1886, xvi. 303-316. 
 
 RASTELL (John). 
 
 The New Interlude of the Four Elements, No. 5, 
 should have been described at this place, according to Bale, who 
 states that Rastell was the author ; Summarium, fo. 222". See 
 a note on the authorship of this pamphlet, by Professor J. M. 
 Manly in the Journal of Germanic Philology, — Bbomington, Indiana, 
 1899, ii. 425-6. 
 
 RIBACJLT (Jean) The Whole and true discouerie of 
 Terra Florida, (englished the Florishing lande.) Con-teyn- 
 ing as well the wonderfuU straunge na-tures and maners 
 of the people, with the mer-ueylous commodities and 
 treasures of the country : As also the pleasaunt Portes, 
 Hauens, and wayes therevnto Neuer founde out before the 
 last yere 1562. Written in Frenche by Captaine Ribauld 
 the fyrst that whollye discouered the same. And nowe 
 newly set forthe in Englishe the.xxx.of May. 1563 — 
 London (^97) 
 
 Small 8vo. T -)- 22 11. 
 
 Reprinted in 'Hayllvyt, Divers Voyages, pp. 91-115 in Hakluyt 
 Society, 1850, edition ; and in B. F. French, Historical Colleilions 
 of Louisiana and Florida, — Nenxj York, 1875, "• iS9-i9°' 
 
 The date 1498 is given, for the first time in a printed account of 
 a Cabot voyage, on 1. sig. A iij, p. 92 of 1850 edition. 
 
90 Cabot BtbUograpbs 
 
 RIBEIRO (Diego) Carta Universal en que se contiene 
 todo lo que del mundo Se ha descubierto fasta Agora: 
 Hizola Diego Ribero Cosmographo de Su Magestad : Ano 
 de 1529. (198) 
 
 Manuscript map, 217.3 x ^9-^ cmm. (Harrisse) or e.Sixz.gft. 
 (Lelewel). In the Grand Ducal Library at Weimar. 
 
 Another example of this map, with a similar inscription, except 
 for the additional words, " en Sevilla," following the date, is in the 
 Library of the Propaganda at Rome. It measures nearly a third 
 larger than the Weimar map. ('9^*) 
 
 The Weimer map was described, with a full-size facsimile in 
 colours of the American portion, in Kohl, 
 
 Diebeiden altesten general-karten von Amerika — Weimar, i860. 
 
 (199) 
 Large folio. 2 T + pp v-x + 1-185 + 2 facsimiles. 
 
 Both are discussed by Harrisse, Disco'very, 369-575. There 
 are copies from the maps in Sprengel, Ueber J. Ribertfs dlteste 
 'welt-charte, — Weimar, 1795, and in his translation of Mui5oz, 
 Geschichte derneuen Welt, — Weimar, 1795 ; in Lelewel, G/o^ra/A;V, 
 sec. 172 and 204, Atlas, planches xli-xlii and p. 30 ; and in various 
 books about Verrazano. 
 
 A map, clearly akin to the Ribeiro in the Propaganda, is pre- 
 served in the Grand Ducal Library at Wolfenbiittel : see Harrisse, 
 Discovery, 580-581. 
 
 At the north of the Weimar map, just above Tiera del La- 
 brador, is the legend : Esta tierra descubriero los Ingleses no ay en 
 ella cosa de prouecho. In the Rome map, this reads : los Ingleses 
 de la uilla de bristol. Harrisse states that this " clearly indicates 
 the discovery accomplished by John Cabot, but ascribed by Ribero 
 to Sebastian, who was in '1529 his superior in the service of the 
 Castillian Crown, and from whom he certainly gathered most ot 
 his data concerning the north-eastern regions." 
 
 RODAS (Miguel de). 
 
 ROJAS or ROXAS (Francisco de). 
 
 The depositions of the several parties to the lawsuits which 
 followed Cabot's return from his expedition to La Plata are de- 
 scribed as Nos. 23-37. 
 
 ROMANIN (Samuele) Storia documentata di Venezia 
 di S. Romanin — Venezia 1853 (-1861) (200) 
 
 8vo. 10 volumes. 
 
 See note under Venice, No. 224, for a Cabot document first 
 printed in this work, iv. 453. 
 
Cabot BibliograpbB 91 
 
 RUYSCH (Johannes) In hoc opere haec conti-nentvr 
 Geographiae CI. Ptolemaei a plurimis uiris utriusq^ linguae 
 doiSiss. emedata ... 
 
 Noua orbis descriptio ac noua Oceani nauigatio qua 
 Lisbona ad Indicu peruenitur pelagus Marco Beneuentano 
 monacho caele-stino sedita. Noua & uniuersalior Orbis 
 cogniti tabula loa. Ruysch Germano elaborata — mdviii. 
 Rome (201) 
 
 Folio. T + 106 + 34 11 + 34. double page maps. 
 
 For the detailed collation of this, as of all the editions of 
 Ptolemy's Geography, see the titles and notes by Wilberforce 
 Eames in Sabin, DiBionary of Books relating to America, — Nemj 
 York, 1886, xvi. 43-87. 
 
 The important addition to this edition was a map at the end : 
 Vni-versaliof cogniti orbis tabvla ex recen-tibvs confefta observa- 
 tioni-bvs. It measures 54 x 40 cmm., or zii x 16 inches. (201^) 
 
 This is the earliest engraved map which shows the north-wes- 
 tern American regions. It is accompanied by an elaborate analysis 
 of its contents by Beneventanus, entitled "orbis noua descriptio," 
 which adds almost nothing to the geographical evidence of the 
 map, which was apparently the only source of information used by 
 Beneventanus, except the letter or explanation sent by Ruysch from 
 Germany with the original drawing. It contains, however, the 
 very interesting information that Ruysch " says that he has sailed 
 from southern England towards the north to the 53'' degree, and 
 along this parallel to the eastern shores" : loanes v'o Ruschi 
 Germanus Geographo!^ meo iudicio pitissimus . . . dixit : se 
 nauigasse ab albionis australi parte : & ta diu quo ad subparallelu 
 ab subaequatore ad borea sub gf. 53. puenit : & in eo parallelo na 
 uigasse ad ortus littora per angulQ noftis atq plures insulas lustrasse. 
 It has been surmised that Ruysch may have accompanied Cabot to 
 America, although the configuration and legends of the map show 
 nothing to confirm this idea. 
 
 The sources used by Ruysch, which may have included Cabot's 
 charts, although there is no evidence to substantiate this sugges- 
 tion, are discussed in detail by Harrisse, Disco'very, 449-453. 
 
 RYMER (Thomas) Foedera, Conventiones, Literae, Et 
 Cujuscunque Generis a£i:a publica, inter reges anglias, Et 
 Alios quosvis imperatores, reges, pontifices, principes, vel 
 communitates, ab . . . Anno nor, ad nostra usque Tem- 
 pera, Habita aut Traftata ; Ex Autographis . . . Accu- 
 rante Thoma Rymer [potissimum edidit Robertus Sander- 
 son] . . . Editio secunda . . . studio Georgii Holmes — 
 Londini, mdccxxvii (-1735). (202) 
 
92 Cabot Bibliograpbs 
 
 Folio. 20 volumes. 
 
 The third edition, with an Abrege historiquehy J. Le Clerc, con- 
 tinued by P. Rapin Thoyras, was printed— a^^* Comttts, 1739- 
 1745, folio, 10 volumes. Reprinted by the Commissioners on the 
 Public Records, — London, 181 6. 
 
 A syllabus in English, with an exhaustive index prepared by Mr. 
 Hardy, was printed — London, 1869, 1873, 1885. 
 
 See references under Henry VII., No. 136 ; Edward VI., No. 
 99 ; and Mary Tudor, No. 167. 
 
 S. (F. G.). 
 
 See notes under Martyr, No. 162, for the map dedicated by 
 F. G. S. to Richard Hakluyt in 1587. It is probable, however, 
 that the S. merely stands for Salutat, the author being F. G. 
 
 SAMANO QuAN de). 
 
 Sebastian Cabot's letter to Samano, the secretary of Charles V., 
 is No. 38. It is probable that some of the letters described as from 
 the Emperor — Nos. 66-72 — were prepared by his secretary. 
 
 SANTA CRUZ (Alonso de) Nova verier et Integra 
 totivs orbis descriptio nvnc primvm in Ivcem edita per 
 Alfonsvm de SancSa Crvz Caesaris Charoli .V. archicos- 
 mographvm. a.d. m.d.xlii. (2°3) 
 
 World map on three connefled sheets of parchment, measuring 
 144 X 79 cmm., in the Royal Library at Stockholm. It is drawn 
 in two hemispheres, each composed of 36 gores, the whole repre- 
 senting a globe with a radius of 19.48 cmm. The faft that the 
 hemispheres are surrounded by a border, 20 mm. wide, shows that 
 the gores were not intended to be cut out for pasting on a globe, 
 but that this construftion was adopted as a device for securing a 
 realistic projeition on a plane surface. 
 
 The sheets have been reproduced in facsimile in : 
 
 Map of the world by the Spanish cosmographer Alonzo de Santa 
 Cruz 1542 reprodu(5lion in phototypic facsimile by the printing 
 office of the Swedish Staff-General with explanations by E. W. 
 Dahlgren — Stockholm, 1892. (204-) 
 
 Imperial 4to. 2 T + i 1 -)- 5 double sheet facsimiles. Text : 
 royal 8vo. 2 T + pp 3-47. 100 copies. 
 
 This is the only example of a mappemonde drawn by Santa Cruz 
 which has yet been brought to light and identified. Although the 
 author accompanied Cabot to La Plata in 1526, the map shows 
 nothing of th^ region traversed by Cabot's expedition which is not 
 on Ribeiro's maps of 1529. The name " R. dla Plata," how- 
 ever, appears on this map for the first time. As compared with 
 the I 544 Cabot map, the Santa Cruz map presents the outline of 
 
Cabot Btblioarapbs 93 
 
 La Plata in much more realistic form, showing clearly that it did 
 not serve as a model for the 1 544 map. The general type of the 
 river basin in the two is nevertheless the same. 
 
 The description of the region visited by Cabot in 1526, as given 
 by OviEDO, No. 182, from information derived verbally from Santa 
 Cruz, is in agreement at every essential point with the details on 
 this Santa Cruz map. This agreement is treated at length by Mr. 
 Dahlgren in his explanatory text, which is a model of intelligent 
 and scholarly cartographic editing. In Mr. Dahlgren's opinion, 
 the Santa Cruz gores represent the nearest approach, yet known to 
 students, to the official Padron Real, the great map upon which 
 the Spanish hydrographic and navigation board recorded the most 
 complete and most authentic information at its command concern- 
 ing the newly discovered portions of the world. 
 
 SANTA CRUZ (Alonso de) Libro de las Longitudes 
 y manera que hasta agora se ha tenido en el arte de 
 navegar, con bus demonstraciones y ejemplos, dedicado a 
 Felipe II. (205) 
 
 Manuscript in the Biblioteca Nacional at Madrid, Aa 97. 
 
 In this undated work, prepared for the use of the king, Santa 
 Cruz quotes " the method of Sebastian Caboto, Pilot-Major to His 
 Majesty in England, for obtaining the longitude [at sea] by means 
 of the declination of the sun, as communicated by a certain person 
 to Philip II." Harrisse, Cabot, 4.54-456, prints the Spanish text, 
 with an English translation on pp. 302-306. By means of an 
 elaborate mathematical analysis and illustration of this method, Mr. 
 Harrisse becomes convinced that " the error in longitude, when 
 following Cabot's method, would have aftually reached sixty 
 degrees, that is, one-sixth of the circumference of the globe," p. 308. 
 
 SANTA CRUZ (Alonso de) El yslario general de todas 
 las yslas del mondo endresjado ala S. C. C. Mag' del 
 Emperador y Rey nuestro Senor, por Alonso de Sandla 
 Cruz, su Cosmografo maior — 1 560. (206) 
 
 Manuscript copies of this work are preserved in the Besangon 
 City Library, No. 460 (124 11. 4to) ; and in the Imperial Library at 
 Vienna, MSS. Cod. Pal. Vindol., Nos. 5542 and 7195 (2 copies). A 
 modern transcript belonging to Mr. Harrisse is mentioned in his 
 Disco'very, p. 621. See Navarrete, Opusculos — Madrid, 1848, ii. 
 82, for a note on a copy that cannot now be found. 
 
 Extrafts from this Yslario, describing Cabot's exploration of La 
 Plata, in which Santa Cruz participated, are printed by Harrisse, 
 Cabot, 409-411. The details in this passage, added to those com- 
 municated by Santa Cruz to Oviedo, No. 182, are the chief means 
 for an intelligible interpretation of the geographical results of that 
 exploration. 
 
9+ Cabot Bibliograpbs 
 
 The deposition made by Santa Cruz on board the ship Santa 
 Maria del Espinar, at Seville, 28 July, 1530, in reply to questions 
 concerning the manner in which Cabot had conduced the expedition 
 to La Plata, is printed in Harrisse, Cabot, 419-422. See note to 
 Cabot, No. 23. (207) 
 
 SANTA CRUZ (Francisco de). 
 
 The Informacion pedida por . . . Santa Cruz contra Sebastian 
 Caboto — Segoma, 1532, is described as No. 12. 
 
 SANTAREM (Manuel Francisco de Barros e Sousa) 
 Atlas compose de mappemondes, de portulans et de cartes 
 hydrographiques et historiques depuis le vi'^ jusqu'au 
 xvii' siecle, pour la plupart in^dites, devant servir de preuves 
 a I'histoire de la costnographie et de la cartographie pen- 
 dant le moyen age et a celle des progres de la geographie 
 . . . recueillies et gravdes sous la direftion du Vicomte 
 de Santarem. Public sous les auspices du gouvernement 
 portugais — Paris, mdcccxlix [1842-1853]. (208) 
 
 Imperial folio. 2 T + 5 11 7f plates. 
 
 There is a careful collation of this worlc, which contains admirable 
 facsimiles of the more important maps that show the cartographical 
 history of the Cabot discoveries, in Sabin, Di3ionary of Books re- 
 lating to Arrierica, — Nenv York, 1889, xviii. 488-497. 
 
 SANUTO (Livio) Geografia di M. Livio Sanvto distinta 
 
 in xii libri. Ne quali, oltra I'esplicatione di molti luoghi 
 
 di Tolomeo, e della Bussola, e dell' Aguglia, si dichiarano 
 
 . . . deir Africa. — Finegia, m.d.lxxxviii. (2C9) 
 
 Folio. T -}- 23 11 -)- 11 1-146 -)- 12 maps. 
 
 The Cabot voyage described in the preface to Ramusio, No. 
 196, is apparently referred to in pt. i., lib. ii., fol. 17. The state- 
 ment from which, according to Harrisse, Cabot, 289-291, and 
 465, has been derived the claim that Sebastian discovered the de- 
 clination and variation of the magnetic needle, which he described 
 in the presence of Edward VI. of England, is in lib. i., fol. 2. For 
 the reference to a map drawn by Cabot in London, see No. 47. 
 
 Compare Harrisse's account of this book with the description 
 in Stevens, Bibliotheca Geographica, — London, 1872, i. 282-283; 
 reprinted in part in Sabin, Diiiionary of Books relating to Atnerica, 
 xviii. 504-505. 
 
 SANUTO (Marino) I diarii di Marino Sanuto publicato 
 per cura di Federico Stefani [Guglielmo Berchet, Nicolo 
 Barozzi, Marco Allegri] — Venezia, mdccclxxix [-1898]. 
 
 (2JO) 
 
Cabot Bibltograpbs 95 
 
 Folio. 52 volumes. It is expeiled that six additional volumes 
 will complete the work, covering the years 1496-1538. 
 See notes under Pasqualigo, No. 183. 
 
 SCOTT (Edward). 
 
 The " Cabot Roll " discovered and translated by Mr. Scott, is 
 described under Kemys, No. 152. 
 
 SONCINO (Raimondo di). 
 See Raimondo, No. 190. 
 
 SORANZO (GiAcoMo). 
 
 A dispatch from the Venetian ambassador in England, dated 17 
 August, 1 55 1, in which he advised the Council of Ten at Venice 
 in regard to Cabot — del fedelissimo nostro Sebastiano Gaboto — is 
 mentioned in the reply of the Ten, described under Venice, No. 
 2z8. (211) 
 
 STOW (John) The Chronicles of England, from Brute 
 vnto this present yeare of Christ. 1580. Collefted by 
 lohn Stow Citizen of London — London. (212) 
 
 4to. T + 15 11 + pp 1-1223. Pagination irregular. 
 
 New editions, revised to date, were reprinted in 1592, pp. 1305 ; 
 1605; 1615, with continuation by Edmond Howes, pp. 988; 
 1631 (1632), pp. 1087. 
 
 Stow's Summary of English Chronicle was printed in 1565, 1567, 
 '573; i575> '587> '59°) '59^1 ^"^^ 1604: the Abridgement or 
 Summarie of the English Chronicle, m 1607, 1611, and 1618. Ac- 
 cording to the British Museum Catalogue, the 1 561 and other editions 
 of the Brenjiat Chronicle are not supposed to have been prepared by 
 Stow. The editions of these Summaries printed before 1 580 do not 
 contain any reference to the Cabots. 
 
 Stow used the Fabyan Ckronicon, No. 105, for his account of 
 Sebastian Gabato, adding to the information therein the statement 
 that the three or four " smal shippes were fraught with slight and 
 grosse wares as course cloth, Caps, Laces, points and such other," 
 p. 872, 1580 edition. Stow also refers to Fabyan for the statement, 
 p. 875, that in 18 H. VII., or 1502, "were brought vnto the kyng 
 three men taken in the new founde Hands, by Sebastian Gabato, 
 before named in anno 1468 . . . clothed in Beastes skinnes, and 
 eate raw Flesh, but spake such a language as no man could vnder- 
 stand them, of the which three men, two of them were seene in the 
 Kings Court at Westminster two yeares after, clothed, like 
 Englishmen, and could not be discerned from Englishmen." 
 Hakluyt, in the heading to his quotation of this statement, in 
 1582, dated it 17 H. VII., i.e., 22 August, 1501 — 21 August, 1502. 
 In 1589 he changed this to 14 H. VII. Harrisse, CaAo^, 142-148, 
 
96 Cabot Bibliograpbs 
 
 shows that this importation of natives was probably made by the 
 Bristol-Portuguese expedition of 1502 ; and that Stow or Fabyan 
 doubtless thoughtlessly inserted Cabot's name. 
 
 Sebastian Cabotte is mentioned in conneftion with the expedition 
 to Muscovia in 1552, on p. 1057. 
 
 In the edition of 1631, p. 480, the Cabot voyage of discovery is 
 dated, by a misprint, similar to that in the passage quoted above, 
 1489. 
 
 STRACHEY (William) The first Booke of the historie 
 of Trauaile into Virginia Britania expressing the Cosmo- 
 graphie & coinoditi'es of the country, togither with the 
 manners and customes of the People : gathered & ob- 
 serued aswell hj those who went first thither as colledled 
 by William Strachey, Gent. (21 3) 
 
 Manuscripts, in the British Museum, London, Sloane ColleSion, 
 No. 1622; in the Bodleian Library at Oxford, Asbmolean Manu- 
 scripts, No. 1754. 
 
 Printed by the Hakluyt Society : 
 
 The historie of travaile . . . now first edited . . . by R. H. 
 Major — London m.dccc.xlix. (^i+) 
 
 8vo. 2 T -I- 2 11 + pp i-xxxvi + 1-203 + tnap -|- 6 plates. 
 
 The account of Cabot, on pp. 6-7, 1849 edition, gives the inter- 
 esting, although unsupported, information that : " King Henry 
 7. gave his letters pattentes A" 1495. vnto John Cabot, a Vene- 
 tian (indenized his Subjeft, & dwelling w'l'in the Black friers) "... 
 
 TAISNIER (Johannes). 
 
 The title ofTAiSNiER's Opvscnjl'vmde nafvramagTietis, — Colonic, 
 1 562, to the translation of which Eden added some curious informa- 
 tion regarding Sebastian Cabot's scientific theories, is quoted as 
 No. 98. 
 
 THEVET (Andre) Le grand Insulaire et Pilotage d'Andr^ 
 Theuet Angoumoisin Cosmographe du Roy. (215) 
 
 Manuscript in the Bibliotheque Nationale at Vaxh, finds fran^ais. 
 No. 15,452. 
 
 Written between 1545 and 1558 ; see Harrisse^j*. et S. Cabot, 
 343-344, Cabot, 466-467. 
 
 The northern limit of the Venetian voyage under Henry VII. of 
 England is given as 67° in vol. i., fol. 143. 
 
 THEVET (Andre) Les Singvlari-tez de la Fran-ce 
 antar<Siqve,av-trement nomm^e Amerique : & de plusieurs 
 
(Eabot BiblioQrapbB 97 
 
 Terres & Isles de-couuertes de nostre temps. Par F. 
 Andre Theuet — Paris, 1558. (216) 
 
 4to. T + 7 11 + 11 1-166 + 2 11. 
 
 Some copies appear to have been issued with the title dated 1557. 
 
 Reprinted in Anfwerp the same year : and again, with notes by 
 Paul GafFarel, — Paris, 1878. Translated into Italian, — Venice, 
 1561; reissued with a new title and preface in 1584. : and into 
 English, — London, 1568. 
 
 The account of Sebastian Babate Anglois, on fol. 14.8, or cap. 
 74, may have been derived from the same sources as Gomara's 
 Cabot narrative, but can hardly have been a mere perversion or re- 
 writing of that account. Thevet is the authority for the report 
 that Cabot settled 300 men on the coast of the new world, most of 
 whom died of cold, in July : il se proposoit aller au Peru & 
 Amerique, pour peupler ... & dresser la vne nouuelle Angleterre. 
 Ce qu'il n'executa : vray est qu'il mist bien trois cens hommes en 
 terre, du coste d'Irlande au Nort, ou le froid fist mourir presque 
 toute sa compagnie, encores que ce fust au moys de luillet. 
 
 The advocates of an Icelandic voyage by Cabot have apparently 
 not yet noticed the very reasonable probability that Ireland in this 
 passage is plainly a misprint for Iceland. 
 
 Harrisse, J. et S. Cabot, 270, places this expedition at about 
 1503. 
 
 THEVET (Andre) La cosmogra-phie vniverselle d'Andre 
 Thevet cosmo-graphe dv roy. illustree de diverses figvres 
 des choses plvs remarqvables veves par I'Auteur, & incog- 
 neues de noz Anciens & Modernes — Paris 1575 (217) 
 
 Folio. 2 volumes. T + 29 11 + 11 1-467 + 4 : T + 11 469- 
 936 + 903-1025 +17-1-4 maps. 
 
 The account of a search for a north-west passage to the Pacific, 
 by a pilot of King Henry of England, on 1. 1022, may refer to 
 Cabot. If so, the narrative of his adventures after his failure to 
 get north of 59° on account of the ice, contains many details which 
 the biographers of Sebastian have neglefted to utilize and interpret. 
 Unluckily, they do not agree with any of the better known fafts of 
 his explorations. 
 
 THORNE (Robert) This is the forme of a Mappe sent 
 1527. from Siuill in Spayne by maister Robert Thorne 
 marchaunt, to Doftor Ley Embassadour for king Henry 
 the 8. to Charles the Emperour. ... (218) 
 
 Woodcut map, 44.25x22.25 cmm., or 17x8^ inches. Pub- 
 lished with Hakluyt, Di'vers Foyages, No. 125, — London, 1582. 
 
 Along the Labrador coast is the legend : Terra hec ab Anglis 
 prirau fuit inuenta. This derives importance in the discussion of 
 H 
 
98 Cabot Bfbliograpbp 
 
 the Cabot landfalls, from the fail that, in Spain in 1527, Sebastian 
 Cabot may have been the authority for the position in which it 
 was placed on the map. 
 
 An accompanying description of the significant features on the 
 map was printed by HaKLUYT with the heading : 
 
 THORNE (Robert) The booke made by the right wor- 
 shipful M. Robert Thorne in the yeere 1527. in Siuil, to 
 Doctour Ley, Lord ambassadour for king Henry the 
 eight, to Charles the Emperour, being an information of 
 the parts of the world, discouered by him and the king of 
 Portingal : and also of the way to the Moluccaes by the 
 North. (219) 
 
 Printed in Hakluyt, Voyages, No. 129, — Ltmdon, 1598, i. 214- 
 220. 
 
 This narrative contains the interesting reference to " A voyage 
 of discouery by the Pole. M. Thorne and M. (Hugh) Eliot dis- 
 couerers of New found land." The language does not make it 
 entirely clear whether this voyage was the same as that on which 
 "if the mariners would then haue bene ruled, and followed their 
 Pilots minde, the lands of the West Indies (from whence all the 
 gold commeth) had bene ours." This latter voyage is supposed to 
 have been undertaken during the first years of the sixteenth century. 
 It is not unlikely that Thome and Eliot were among the Bristol 
 merchants who supported Cabot in his enterprises during the pre- 
 ceding decade. See the IntroduBion, pp. xii and xl. 
 
 This narrative also contains the passage which was again quoted 
 by Hakluyt, with the heading : 
 
 THORNE (Robert) A report of a voyage of two 
 Englishmen in the company of Sebastian Cabota, intented 
 for the Malucos by the Streights of Magellan, but per- 
 fourmed onely to the riuer of Plate in April 1527. Taken 
 out of the information of M. Robert Thorne to Doftor 
 Ley . . . (220) 
 
 In Hakluyt, ^oya^w. No. 131, — London, 1600, iii. 726; Gold- 
 smid edition, XV. (iii.), 306-314, 
 
 " In a flote of three ships and a carauell that went from this citie 
 of Siuil armed by the merchants of it, which departed in Aprill last 
 past, I and my partner haue one thousand foure hundred duckets 
 . . . principally for that two Englishmen, friendes of mine, which 
 are somewhat learned in Cosmographie, should goe ... to brin<r 
 me certaine relation of the situation of the countrey, and to be 
 expert in the nauigation of those seas." 
 
 It is possible that the "ruttier which declareth the situation of 
 the coast of Brasil from the Isle of Santa Catelina vnto the mouth of 
 
Cabot JSibliograpbB 99 
 
 the riuer of Plata, and all along vp within the sayd riuer, and what 
 armes and mouthes it hath to enter into it, as farre as it is nauigable 
 with small barks," which is printed at the end of the extraft 
 from Thome, pp. 728-730, may be the report rendered by these two 
 Englishmen who were sent to find out about any possible oppor- 
 tunities for approaching the Spice Islands from England by the 
 north-west. 
 
 THORNE (Robert) A declaration of the Indies and 
 lands discouered, and subdued vnto the Emperour, and the 
 king of Portingal : And also of other partes of the Indies 
 and rich countries to be discouered, which the worshipfull 
 M. Robert Thorne merchant of London (who dwelt long 
 in the citie of Siuil in Spaine) exhorted king Henrie the 
 eight to take in hand. (221) 
 
 In Hakluyt, Foyages, No. 129, — London, 1598, i. 212-214.. 
 
 The date of this petition, urging greater aftivity in extending 
 English discovery, is not known. A marginal note, doubtless sup- 
 plied by Hakluyt, explains the statement that his Majesty had 
 " already taken it in hand " by referring to the voyage " by Sebastian 
 Cabot and sir Thomas Pert in the eight yere of his reigne." This 
 is presumably derived from the statement which is discussed in the 
 notes to Eden, No. 95, and in the IntroduB'tm, p. xliv. 
 
 TOBY (Maurice) A Brief Chronicle, conteyninge the 
 accompte of the Reignes of all the Kings in the Realme of 
 Englande, from the entering of Brutus untill this present 
 yeere, with all the notable afts done by the dyvers of them, 
 and wherein is also conteyned the names of all the Mayors, 
 Stewardes, BaylifFes, and Sheriffes, of the laudable town of 
 Bristowe, . . . from the first yeere of King Henry y" 
 3'''', A.D. 1217, untill the present yeere, 1565. (222) 
 
 A manuscript, " from Sir Francis Fust's Library," destroyed by 
 fire while in the possession of Mr. Kerslake, at Bristol, England, 
 14 February, i860. Between 1845 and 1849, a copy was taken of 
 all the entries in this chronicle which were not to be found in the 
 histories of Bristol by Barrett, No. 252, or Sever, No. J22. 
 This transcript is now in the possession of Mr. William George, of 
 Bristol. 
 
 An extraft, first printed in the Encydopadia Britannica, ninth 
 edition, — ESnburgh, 1875, etc., iv. 350, states under the year 1496 
 that " the land of America was found by the merchants of Bristow 
 in a shippe of Bristowe, called the Mathew . . . departed the second 
 day of May, and came home again the 6"" of August next follow- 
 ing." See notes under Harrisse, Nos. 388-390, Prowse, No. 
 
100 Cabot BfbUograpbs 
 
 494, and Weare, No. 561, for the controversy over the trust- 
 vforthiness of these details. 
 
 VANNES (Peter) [Dispatch to the EngHsh Privy Council 
 — Venice, 12 September, 155 1. (223) 
 
 Printed in Wm. B.Turnbitll, Calendar of State Papers, Foreign 
 Series, Ednvard FL, 1547-1553, — London, 1861, 171-172. 
 
 This letter from the English ambassador at Venice shows clearly 
 that, whatever ulterior designs may have been hidden under this 
 cloak, Cabot unquestionably had revived certain definite and 
 plausible claims to property or rights of some sort in Venice. The 
 ambassador reports that the matter, which was about fifty years 
 old, had been entrusted to one of the secretaries of the Council of 
 Ten, Baptista Ramusio, — see notes. No. 196=^ — " whom Cabot put 
 in trust ... to ensearch with diligence any way and knowledge 
 possible that may stand to the said Sebastian's profit and obtaining 
 of right." See notes under Venice, Nos. 225-228, and the Intro- 
 duUion, pp. xxxiii and xlviii. 
 
 VAZQUEZ (Catalina). 
 
 VAZQUEZ (Francisco). 
 
 The depositions of the several parties to the lawsuits which 
 followed the return of Cabot from his La Plata expedition are de- 
 scribed under Nos. 10-12 and 23-37. 
 
 VENICE [Letters of Naturalization granted by the Senate 
 of Venice to John Cabot in 1476. (224) 
 
 The order to record these privileges of Venetian citizenship, 
 which was passed by the Senate 28 March, 1476, is preserved in the 
 State Archives at Venice, SenatoTerra, 1473-1477, vii. 109. 
 
 Printed by Romanin, No. 200, — Venice, 1858, iv. 453 : also in 
 Harrisse, Cabot, 387, where there is an explanation that Rawdon 
 Brown's translation in Calendar {Fenice), i. 453, reading "citizen- 
 ship within and without . . . for a residence of fifteen years " 
 really means " in consideration for having resided fifteen years " in 
 the republic. 
 
 The terms and conditions are in BuLLO, No. 290, — Chioggia, 
 1880, pp. 59-60, from the Latin text recorded in the State Archives 
 at Venice, Libro Pri'vilegi, ii. 53 : translated by Harrisse, Cabot, 
 387-389. 
 
 The exaft significance of this grant, and of the decrees in accord- 
 ance with which it was issued, as evidence proving that Cabot was 
 not a Venetian by birth, are discussed with elaborate detail by 
 Harrisse, Cabot, 1-9. 
 
 VENICE [Dispatch from the Council of Ten to Gasparo 
 Contarini — Venice, 27 September, 1522. (225) 
 
Cabot Bibliograpbi? loi 
 
 Original copy in the State Archives at Venice, Capi del Consiglio 
 dei X, Lettere Sottoscritte, Filza N. 5, 1522. 
 
 Printed by BuLLO, No. 290, pp. 61-62. Translated in Rawdon 
 Brown, Calendar {Venice), iii. 557. 
 
 This letter informed the Venetian ambassador at the Spanish 
 court that a certain Marin de Bucignolo — see No. 1 58 — had pre- 
 sented himself to the head of the Ten with credentials authorizing 
 him to make certain propositions, not specified, on behalf of Sebas- 
 tian Cabot, who said that he belonged to Venice. The ambassador 
 is instrufled to interview Cabot and induce him to visit Venice in 
 person. For the reply of Contarini, see No. 76. 
 
 An order authorizing the Treasurer of the Council to pay twenty 
 ducats to Master Hieronimo de Marin, " pro bona causa," was 
 passed by the Ten on the same date as that of the letter to Conta- 
 rini, and is usually printed with it. (226) 
 
 VENICE [Dispatch from the Council of Ten to Contarini 
 — Venice, 28 April, 1523. (227) 
 
 Manuscript in the Marciana Library at Venice, CI. VII., Cod. 
 Mix., Cart, (according to Harrisse). 
 
 Printed in Bullo, No. 290, pp. 61-62. Translated in Brown, 
 Calendar {Venice), iii. 669. 
 
 This letter, in reply to Contarini's, Nos. 76 and 77, states 
 that the letter which Cabot asked to have sent to him, urging him 
 to visit Venice, had been dispatched, signed with the name of 
 HiERONYMO DE Marino — No. 158- — although the latter was no 
 longer to be found in Venice. See the IntroduHion, pp. xxi and 
 xlviii. 
 
 VENICE [Dispatch from the Council of Ten to Giacomo 
 Soranzo — Venice, 12 September, 1551. (228) 
 
 Manuscript in the State Archives at Venice, Consiglio dei Died, 
 Parte Secrete, Filza N. 8, 1551-54. 
 
 Printed by Bullo, No. 290, p. 70. Translated in Brown, 
 Calendar {Venice'), v. 364. 
 
 This is a reply to a dispatch from the Venetian ambassador in 
 England — see Soranzo, No. 211. It appears that Cabot revived 
 the offer of his services to Venice — see references under Nos. 223 
 and 227: questa sua oiFerta ne I stata gratissima, . . . quanto alia 
 richiesta che vi e stata fata da quel Signori [the Councillors of 
 Edward VI.] circa li crediti che pretende, e ricuperatione de beni, 
 . . . che non essendo il detto Caboto conosciuto da alcuno de qui, 
 saria neccessario che esso medesimo venisse per giustificare la sua 
 persona et le ragion sue, essendo quelle cose di che si parla molto 
 vecchie, . . . Con questa occasione possa dimandare et ottenere 
 la licentia di venire, la quale vederete, che il procuri di avere, trans- 
 ferendosi di qui quanto piii presto potra, ne restarete pero in questo 
 
102 Cabot BibUograpbg 
 
 mezo di sforzarvi di intendere da lui piu avanti quei maggior parti- 
 colari che potrete dir, e il disegno suo di questa navigatione. 
 
 The extent to which the English government participated in 
 Cabot's ostensible efforts to recover his Venetian claims is shown by 
 the dispatch of the Rev. Peter Vannes, of the same date as the 
 above. No. 223. 
 
 VERRAZANO (Hieronymo da). 
 
 A manuscript map of the world, 260 X 130 cmm., in the library 
 of the Propaganda at Rome, drawn by Verrazano, confirms the 
 evidence of Maggiolo, No. 157, relative to the part of North 
 America first visited by Cabot. It is described by Harrisse,Z)!V- 
 co'very, S7S-S77 i ^i'' ^'so in the Re-vue Critique, Paris, i January, 
 1876, p. 22. There are reduced photolithographs of the entire 
 map in Brevoort, Verraiuino, — Neiu York, 1874; Murphy, 
 Verrazano, — tSenxi Tork, 1875: the American portion is in Desi- 
 MONi, Ta-vola Parallela. (2*9) 
 
 WILLES (Richard) The History of Trauayle in the 
 West and East Indies . . . With a discourse of the 
 Northwest pas-sage . . . Gathered in parte, and done into 
 Englyshe by Richarde Eden. Newly set in order, 
 augmented, and finished by Richarde Willes — London 
 1577. (230) 
 
 8vo. T + 9 11 + 11 1-466 + 6. 
 
 See notes under Eden, No. 96. 
 
 The most important addition made by Willes is the account : 
 " For. M. Cap. Fvrby-shers passage by the northwest," in which 
 occurs a reference, on 1. 232, to " our countriman Sebastian Cabote, 
 in his table, the which my good Lorde [the Earl of Bedford] hath 
 at Cheynies ; '' and, 1. 233, " Cabota . . . his owne discourse of 
 nauigation you may reade in his carde drawen with his owne hande, 
 the mouth of the north westerne streift lieth nearethe .318. Meridian, 
 betwixt .61. and .64. degrees in eleuation, continuyng the same 
 breadth about .10 degrees west, where it openeth southerly more 
 and more." See notes under Cabot, No. 49. 
 
 WOLFENBiJTTEL. 
 
 See notes under RiBEiRO, No. 198, for the map usually cited as 
 " Wolfenbiittel B." 
 
 WORTHINGTON (William). 
 
 The close relations existing between Sebastian Cabot and his suc- 
 cessor, Worthington, are shown in the notes under Mary Tudor, 
 Nos. 168-169, ^'^^ under Hakluyt, No. 125. 
 
Cabot Bibliograpbs 103 
 
 WRIGHT (Edward). 
 
 The " New Map," which may have been drawn by Wright, is 
 described under Molineux, No. 174. 
 
 WYATT (Thomas) Note of remembrance of Sir Thomas 
 Wiat to Mr. Philip Hoby, at his departing out of Spain 
 into England — 1538. (231) 
 
 Manuscript in the British Museum, London, Add. MSB. 5,498, 
 fol. 8. 
 
 Printed in Gairdner, Letters and Papers, Henry nil., — London, 
 1893, xiii., pt. ii. (1538), 4H-415. 
 
 Hoby was reminded "to remember Sebastian Cabote. He hath 
 here but 300 ducats a year, and he is desirous, if he might not 
 serve the king, at least to see him, as his old master." See note 
 under Chapuys, No. 65. 
 
 ZIEGLER (Jacobus) Qvae intvs con tinentvr. Syria 
 . . . Aegyptvs . . . Schondia,traditaabau£toribus, qui in 
 eius o-peris prologo memorantur. Holmiae . . . Regionvm 
 superiorum, singulae tabulae Geogra phicae — Argentorati 
 M.D. XXXII. (232) 
 
 Small folio. T + II ii-cviii + ciii-cx + 8 maps + 2 11 errata. 
 
 Reissued in 1536, with a new title and the addition of Terra; 
 Sanftae and an index. 
 
 In this treatise on the less known portions of the world, Schondia 
 is the name applied to the northern regions. This chapter was 
 reprinted in Krantzius, Regnorum Aquilonarium, — Franckfort, 
 
 1583,473-497- 
 
 On the back of 1. xcii, mention is made, on the authority of Peter 
 Martyr, of a voyage into the icy seas of the far north, by " An- 
 toninum quendam Cabotum soluentem a Britannia." The char- 
 after of the entire passage seems to confirm the natural inference 
 from minor errors, that the reference was made from memory. 
 
CABOTIANA. 
 
 A LIST OF BOOKS AND OTHER WRITINGS, 
 
 printed between 160o and i9oo, which refer to 
 
 John and Sebastian Cabot, or which are of 
 
 USE in studying the controversies which 
 
 ARE associated WITH THEIR NAMES. 
 
 The more useful bibliographical works are mentioned under the 
 
 numbers 8, 256, 271, 290, 294, 302, 306, 
 
 3i9> 3275 329, 343% 354,358, 381, 
 
 383S387,42i,503,«"'^525. 
 
 AMAT DI S. FILIPPO (Pxetro). 
 
 See FuMAGELLi, No. 358. 
 
 THE AMERICAN NEPOS : a colleaion of the lives 
 of the most remarkable and the most emi-nent men, who 
 have contributed to the discovery, the settlement, and the 
 independence of America — Baltimore 1805. (235) 
 
 8vo. T + pp iii-xii + 13-408. 
 
 Second edition, — Baltimore 181 1. 
 
 There is a very creditable account of the Cabots on pp. 38-4.3. 
 
 ANSPACH (Lewis Amadeus) A history of the Island 
 of Newfoundland : containing a description of the island, 
 the banks, the fisheries, and trade of Newfoundland, and 
 the coast of Labrador, by the Rev. Lewis Amadeus 
 Anspach — London 1819. (236) 
 
 8vo. T +PP iii-xxviii -)- 512 -(-2 maps. 
 
 Important for the statement, on p. 25, that John Cabot, to 
 whom the discovery is credited, had been employed in " a successful 
 negotiation ... in the year 1495, with the court of Denmark, re- 
 
Cabot JSibltograpb^ i o 5 
 
 specling some interruptions which the merchants of Bristol had 
 suffered in their trade to Iceland," and that this had been the 
 means of introducing him to Henry VII. No authority is given 
 for this extremely interesting, and in itself not improbable, informa- 
 tion; and this omission is the more noticeable because the reverend 
 author usually suggests the authorities from which he derived the 
 statements in his text. Persistent efforts, notably by Mr. HARRrssE, 
 have failed to bring to light any confirmatory fafts. Prowse, No. 
 491, p. 25, calls attention to the Anglo-Danish treaty of 1489-90, 
 which led to further negotiations in 1492. 
 
 APPLETON (John) The Portrait of Sebastian Cabot 
 belonging to the Massachusetts Historical Society. (237, 
 
 In the Proceedings of the Massachusetts Historical Society foi 
 January, 1865, — Boston, 1866, viii. 91-96. Also issued separately. 
 
 This is a synopsis and adaptation of fafts and arguments pub- 
 lished by William H. Black and Augustus W. Franks in 
 Archaologia, — London, 1863, xxxix. 1-18, 272-276, which prove 
 that Holbein could not have painted Cabot's portrait. See notes 
 to No. 61. 
 
 ASHER (George Michael) Henry Hudson the navi- 
 gator. The original documents in which his career is re- 
 corded coUedled, partly translated, and annotated, with an 
 introducStion, by G. M. Asher. — London^ Hakluyt Society, 
 M.DCCC.LX. (23^) 
 
 8vo. 2 T + 4 11 + PP ccxix -\- 292 -t- 2 maps. 
 
 There is an account of the indebtedness of the Cabots to the 
 geographical knowledge of the preceding century, and of their 
 influence upon that of the succeeding years, on pp. Ixii-lxxvii. It is 
 suggested that if Cabot in 1498 went in search of a north-west 
 passage, this implies that he then realized, before any of his con- 
 temporaries, the existence of a continent through which a passage 
 to Cathay was desired. These views are modified, as a result of 
 further examination of the Cabot sources, on pp. ccxvi-ccxviii. 
 Some suggestive ideas on the editions of the Cabot map are on pp. 
 260-262. 
 
 A " memoir on the north-western voyages of the Cabots " is 
 announced on p. ccxvi, as " now preparing for the press." It was 
 apparently never published. (^39) 
 
 AVEZAC-MACAYA (Marie Armand Pascal d') 
 Considerations g6ographiques sur I'histoire du Bresil, 
 examen critique d'une nouvelle histoire . . . par M. 
 Fran^ois-Adolphe de Varnhagen, par M. d'Avezac. (240) 
 
io6 Cabot Bibliograpbs 
 
 In the Bulletin of the Societe de Geographic,— Pam, August- 
 September, 1857, 4 ser., xiv. 89-356 + 2 maps. Also issued 
 separately. 
 
 Note K, pp. 266-278, discusses the South American voyages 
 attributed to Sebastian Cabot. This matter was not mentioned by 
 M. Varnhagen in his reply: 
 
 Examen de quelques points de I'histoire geographique du Bresil 
 [comprenant des eclaircissements nouveaux . . . ou analyse 
 critique du rapport de M. d'Avezac]. (*+') 
 
 In the Bulletin of the Societe de Geographie, — Paris, March- 
 April, 1858, 4 ser., XV. 145-171, 213-252. Also issued separately 
 with a map. 
 
 AVEZAC-MACAYA (Marie Armand Pascal d') 
 Bref r^cit et succinifle narration de la navigation faite en 
 MDXXXV et MDXXXVI par le capitaine Jacques Cartier 
 . . . pr6c^d6e d'une breve et succinfte introdudlion his- 
 torique par M. d'Avezac. — Paris, Tross, 1863. (242) 
 
 8vo. 2 T + 11 xvj + 68. 
 
 The account of the Cabot voyages of 1494, 1497, 1498, and 
 1517, on 11. v-vj, is reprinted in Malte-Brun, Annales des 
 Voyages, — Paris, July, 1864, 6 ser., x., iii. 77-79. 
 
 AVEZAC-MACAYA (Marie Armand Pascal d') 
 Les navigations Terre-neuviennes de Jean et Sebastian 
 Cabot. Lettre au R^v^rend Leonard Woods . . . par M. 
 d'Avezac. (243) 
 
 In the Bulletin of the Societe de Geographie, — Paris, September, 
 1869, 5 ser., xviii. 300-316. Also issued separately. Read before 
 the Society on June 18, and also presented to the Cinq Academies 
 de ITnstitut de France, 6 Oftober, 1869. ■ 
 
 This letter was prepared at the request of the Maine His- 
 torical Society. It was translated by Dr. Woods and printed as 
 an appendix to Kohl, Discovery, No. 429, — Portland, 1869, 502- 
 514. 
 
 The letter contains the ablest presentation of the arguments which 
 seem to prove that the Cabots made a series of English voyages 
 between 149 1 and 1517. M. d'Avezac believed that these voyages 
 really began in 1480, and that John Cabot was the magis navis 
 scientiflcus marinarius totius Angliae, who sailed from Bristol in 
 that year in the service of the merchant prince John Jay. Compare 
 Major, No. 446. 
 
 The Cabot portrait described as No. 20 was reported by M. 
 d'Avezac in the Bulletin of the Societe de Geographie, — Paris, 
 May, 1869, 5 ser., xvii. 406-7. (^44) 
 
 An important review of Nicholls, No. 467, in the Revue 
 
Cabot Blbliograpbs 107 
 
 Critique d'histoire et de litterature, — Paris, 23 April, 1870, v. 264- 
 269, is supposed to have been written by M. d'Avezac. (^45) 
 
 BACON (Francis) The Historic of the raigne of King 
 Henry the Seuenth. Written By the Right Honourable, 
 Trancis, Lord Verulam, Viscount St. Alban. — London 
 1622. (246) 
 
 Folio. Port. + T + I 1 + pp 248. 
 
 Reprinted with the addition of a Table, in 1629. The British 
 Mviseum contains editions dated 1641, 1676, 1706, 1719, 1786, 
 1870, 1875, 1878. The Latin translation, " Ciira &Fide Guilielmi 
 Rawley," was printed in 1638, in 1642 {Lugd. Bata'v.') and 1647. 
 A French version was printed at Paris in 1627 and 1693, and at 
 Bruges in 1 724. 
 
 The History of Henry FII. is contained in the colleftions of Lord 
 Bacon's Works, of which there were three editions in the seventeenth 
 century, five in the eighteenth century, and at least twelve since 
 1800. The more recent editions usually contain notes in which 
 the account of Cabot is correfted and expanded. 
 
 The account of " Sebastian Gabato a Venetian '' is given at the 
 end of 14 Hen. VIL, pp. 187-189 of the first edition. It agrees 
 with that given by Stow, No. 212, and in Fabyan, No. 105. 
 
 BAKER (George Sherston) John Cabot and the dis- 
 covery of Newfoundland. (247) 
 
 In the Nautical Magaidne, — London, June, 1897, Ixvi. 534-543. 
 Reprinted in the Scientific American Su-pflement, — Neiju York, 16 
 Oftober, 1897, xliv., No. 1137, pp. 18180-18182. 
 
 A composition of such extrafts from the sources as would make 
 a readable article. 
 
 BANCROFT (George) A history of the United States, 
 from the discovery of the American continent to the 
 present time. By George Bancroft — Boston 1834. (248) 
 
 8vo. 2 T -I- pp v-xii + 508. 
 
 Eight other volumes appeared between 1837 and 1866, All have 
 been reprinted several times, with very considerable alterations. 
 The important editions are the "Centennial," 1876; and "the 
 Author's latest revision," — Newti York, Appleton, 1883. 
 
 The account of the Cabot voyages is on pp. 8-15, 1834 edition j 
 i. 9-12, 1883 edition. Extrafts are reprinted in Larned, History 
 for Ready Reference, i, 51. 
 
 See note under Hamersley, No. 376. 
 
 Mr. Bancroft prepared a careful article in Appleton's tle'vi 
 American Cyclopaedia, — Netu York, 1859, iv. 185-187; reprinted 
 without change in the 1S73 edition, iii. 529-531. The narrative 
 
io8 Cabot BiblioQcapbs 
 
 from his History was supplemented by " material from his manu- 
 script coUeftions," and it is useful as a test of what could be known 
 about the Cabots in 1859. (^+9) 
 
 BANKS (Charles E.). 
 
 See note under Gardener, No. 361. 
 
 BARKER (W. R.) Bristol in the days of the Cabots. 
 By W. R. Barker. One of the Bristol Delegates. (250) 
 
 In the Proceedings of the Royal Society of Canada, — Ottawa, 
 1897, clix-clxxvii + 8 plates. Also issued separately. 
 
 On p. clxxi is the statement that the Matthew sailed in a year of 
 exceptional scarcity. 
 
 BARRERA PEZZI (Carlo) Documenti inediti italo- 
 ispani, esistenti nei reali Archivj di Milano, raccolti e com- 
 mentati — Pinerolo 1864. ip-S^^ 
 
 8vo. T + pp 32. 
 
 The letter of Raimondo, No. 190, which was printed herein for 
 the first time, justifies a somewhat enthusiastic account of the 
 achievements of a Venetian citizen. 
 
 BARRERA PEZZI (Carlo) Di Giovanni Cabotto 
 rivelatore del settentrionale emisfero d'America con docu- 
 menti inediti esistenti nei RR. Archivj di Stato di Milano 
 raccolti da Carlo Barrera Pezzi — Vene%ia^ mdccclxxxi. 
 
 (251*) 
 8vo. 2 T + port. + pp 7-50. 
 
 BARRETT (William) The history and antiquities of 
 the city of Bristol, compiled from Original Records and 
 authentic Manuscripts, In public Offices or private Hands ; 
 By WiUiam Barrett. — Bristol. (252) 
 
 4to. T + iii-xix + 704. + 30 maps and plates. 
 The account of the Cabots, pp. 171-174, is taken from 
 Hakluyt. 
 
 BARROW (John) A chronological history of voyages 
 into the arftic regions ; undertaken chiefly for the purpose 
 of discovering a north-east, north-wrest, or polar passage 
 betv^een the Atlantic and Pacific : from the earliest periods 
 of Scandinavian navigation, to the departure of the recent 
 
Cabot Bibliograpbs 109 
 
 expeditions, under the orders of Captains Ross and Buchan 
 . . . By John Barrow — London^ Murray, 1818. (253) 
 
 8vo. a T + 2 11 + pp 379 + 4.8 + map. 
 
 The cautious manner in which the conflifting nature of the 
 statements of the authoritative writers is recognized in the account 
 of the Cabots, 32-37, frankly adapted from Hakluyt and Camp- 
 bell, No. 295, in no wise merits Biddle's fascinating comment : 
 " Invaluable in reference to our present task, as it not only 
 embodies, in a cheap and convenient form, all the mistakes of its 
 predecessors, but generally supplies a good deal of curious original 
 error." — Memoir, tio. 261, p. 258. 
 
 BAROZZI (Nicol6). 
 
 See Sanuto, Diarii, No. 210. 
 
 BAXTER (James Phinney) John Cabot and his dis- 
 coveries, by Hon. James P. Baxter. (254) 
 
 In the Proceedings of the Maine Historical Society, — Portland, 
 Oftober, 1897, viii. 339-353. 
 
 A piifturesque and reasonable account of what may have happened 
 to Cabot. 
 
 BEAUDOUIN (J. D.) Jean Cabot. (255) 
 
 In Le Canada Franfais, revue publiee sous la direftion d'un 
 comite de professeurs de I'Universite Laval — S^uebec, Oftobre, 1888, 
 i. 608-661. Reprinted in the Bibliotheque Canadienne, — Letiis, 
 Sluebec, 1898 ; i6mo, 3 T -|- pp 5-105. 
 
 Largely adapted from Deane, No. 327, but with frequent refer- 
 ences by way of correflion, to Biddle, No. 261, and to the Histoire 
 generate des Voyages, published by Didot, — Paris, 1754.. 
 
 BEAZLEY (Charles Raymond) John and Sebastian 
 Cabot the discovery of North America by C. Raymond 
 Beazley — London^ Longmans, mdcccxcviii. (256) 
 
 8vo. 3 T -)- pp xi-xx -|- 311 4-3 plates. 
 
 " Documents mainly illustrating the English Career of John and 
 Sebastian Cabot," an annotated chronological list, based upon 
 Harrisse, No. 386% with corretlions, 265-291. "Cabot Litera- 
 ture," based upon No. 564, pp. 292-305. 
 
 The comments and interpretations in Mr. Beazley's text are con- 
 servative, careful, and sensible beyond precedent in recent Cabotian 
 discussions, 
 
 Mr. Beazley contributed an account of the English career of the 
 Cabots to Traill, Social England, — London, 1894., ii. 496-4.98, iii. 
 209-211. Compare ii. 462, where Mr. A. Hassall states that the 
 
no Cabot ffiibliograpbs 
 
 encouragement of Henry VII. enabled Sebastian Cabot to discover 
 Newfoundland. (^57) 
 
 BELLEMO (ViNCENZo) Giovanni Caboto note critiche 
 
 per Vincenzo Bellemo. (258) 
 
 In the Raccolta di documenti e studi pubblicati dalla R. com- 
 
 missione Colombiana pel quarto centenario dalla scoperta dell' 
 
 America — Roma, auspice il ministero della pubblica istruzione, 
 
 MDCCCXCiiii ; parte v., ii. 151-218, folio. 
 
 An adaptation and interpretation of Harrisse, by a resident of 
 Chioggia. 
 
 BENDELARI (George). 
 
 See note under Cabot, No. 55% for Mr. Bendelari's translation 
 of the legends on the Cabot 1 544 map. 
 
 BERGENROTH (Gustav Adolph). 
 
 A. letter from Mr. Bergenroth to Jared Sparks, dated London, 21 
 Oflober, 1866, explaining the Cabot passage in the dispatch of 
 Ayala, No. 7, is printed in the Proceedings of the American 
 Antiquarian Society for 24 April, 1867, pp. 39-40. (^59) 
 
 See No. 9. 
 
 BERTHOUD*(E.-L.). 
 
 Captain Berthoud's translation of a communication to U Explora- 
 tion of Paris, in the Kansas City Re'vieiv for August, 1882, is noted 
 under Cortambert, No. 311. 
 
 BERTIUS (Petrus) P Bertij Tabvlarvm Geographi- 
 carvm contraftarvm Libri septem. In quibus Tabulae 
 omnes gradibus distindlae, descriptiones accuratse, caetera 
 supra priores editiones politiora, Auftiorac^ — Amsterodami 
 Sumptibus et typis seneis ludoci Hondij. 1618. (260) 
 
 Oblong 8vo. T -1- 8 11 + pp 3-829 + 5 11. Pagination very 
 irregular. 
 
 The Latin text of Legend xvii. on the Cabot map. No. 55% is on 
 pp. 777-780, apparently copied from CHlfTR.ffius, No. 75. There 
 are a few curious differences in the readings of the two texts, which 
 may presumably be due to the copyist. The date of the discovery 
 is given in an introduftory note as 1249. The date of the map in 
 the legend is 1549. In both cases the number is given in words : 
 Baccalos . . . inventa anno millesimo ducentesimo quadragesimo 
 nono, die vigesima quarta ; . . . delineavit . . . millesimo quin- 
 gentesimo quadragesimo nono. 
 
Cabot iSSibliograpbg 1 1 1 
 
 BETHUNE (Charles Ramsay Drinkwater). 
 
 Vice- Admiral Bethune's edition of Galvano is described under 
 No. 114. 
 
 BIDDLE (Richard) A memoir of Sebastian Cabot ; 
 with a review of the history of maritime discovery, illus- 
 trated by documents from the rolls, now first published — 
 Philadelphia 1831. (261) 
 
 8vo. T -1- pp iii-viii + i-v + 7-327. 
 
 Reprinted, London, 1831, pp viii -(- v -(- 7-333. 
 
 Reissued, London, 1832, with leaf pp. 77-78 cancelled and replaced 
 by a leaf containing a short extrafl: from the recently recovered 
 New Interlude, No. 5. 
 
 Issued anonymously, although no secret seems to have been made 
 of the faft that the author was Richard Biddle, a Pittsburg, 
 Pennsylvania, lawyer, who resided in London for a considerable 
 time, where he collefted material and prepared the volume for the 
 press. Brunet, Manuel du Libraire, — Paris, i860, i. 1446, ascribes 
 " cet ouvrage interessant " to M. D.-B. Warden. 
 
 Mr. Biddle was led to publish the material used in this volume, 
 which he had gathered with the intention of writing a history of 
 early maritime discovery, by a desire to expose the ignorance and 
 the blunders revealed in an article in the Biographic Uni'uerselle, — 
 Paris, Michaud, 1828. Mr. Biddle's volume, in turn, by reason of 
 its severe accusations against Hakluyt, was the immediate cause 
 of Tytler's Historical Vienu, No. 551. See the note under that 
 title for Mr. Biddle's reply. 
 
 The volume immediately attrafted much attention, and was re- 
 viewed at length in most of the leading periodicals. The more 
 important articles were those in the : 
 
 North American Ri'vienv, Boston, April, 1832, xxxiv. 405-428 ; by 
 George S. Hilliard. (262) 
 
 Monthly Re'vieiu, London, August, 1831, cxxv. (New Series, ii.) 
 514-521. (263) 
 
 Westminster Re'vieiu, London, January, 1832, xvi. 22-37. (='64-) 
 
 Re'vue des Deux Mondes, Paris, 15 Juin, 1832. (^^5) 
 
 Bulletin, Societe de Geographic, Paris, December, 1831, xvi. 283- 
 285, by Mr. D. B. Warden; and April, 1832, xvil. 197-217, by 
 M. Roux de Rochelle. (266) 
 
 Annali Uni'versali di Statistica, Milano, September, 1832, xxxiil. 
 62-72, by Professor Romagnosi ; see No. 502. (267) 
 
 Penny Magazine, Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge, 
 London, 27 February, 1836, v. 79-80; also in the Penny Cyclopadia 
 of the same society, London (1846 ?), vi. 94-95. (268) 
 
 The account of Cabot in Errizo, De Scoperte Artiche, Venezia, 
 1855, No. 459, is largely drawn from Biddle. (269) 
 
 Harrisse, No. 383, p. 372, records a tradition that Mr. Biddle 
 felt certain criticisms made by Peter Force so keenly that he 
 
1 1 2 Cabot Bibllograpbs 
 
 ordered both the American and the English editions of the work 
 to be destroyed. This is assumed to account for the supposed 
 rarity of the Philadelphia edition. The basis for the tradition has 
 not been discovered. 
 
 Biddle's work " displays much critical talent, and though com- 
 posed with little system and with a strong bias in favour of Sebastian 
 Cabot, it may be regarded as the best review of the history of 
 maritime discovery relating to the period of which he treats, that 
 had appeared." — Deane, No. 327, p. 43. Mr. Biddle's chief 
 contribution was in distinguishing, for the first time within the 
 century, that there were two Cabot voyages, in 1497 and 1498. 
 This resulted from his recovery of the text of Henry VII. 's second 
 letters patent, No. 140. The striftly historical investigation into 
 the careers of the Cabots dates from the appearance of Mr. Biddle's 
 volume. 
 
 BLACK (James William) The old world at the dawn 
 of Western discovery, by Prof. J. William Black of Colby 
 University. (270) 
 
 In the Proceedings of the Maine Historical Society, Cabot Meet- 
 ing, Portland, 1897, viii. 354-397. 
 
 It is suggested by pp. 386-392 that Cabot and Columbus may 
 have met at the time of the latter's voyage to Iceland, or that his 
 brother may have seen Cabot when he visited England in 1488. 
 
 BLACK (William Henry). 
 See note to No. 237. 
 
 BLACKWOOD (Frederick Temple Hamilton- 
 Temple). 
 
 See DUFFERIN AND AvA, Nos. 338-340. 
 
 BOURINOT (John George) Cape Breton and its 
 Memorials of the French Regime. By J. G. Bourinot, 
 C.M.G., LL.D., D.C.L. (271) 
 
 In the TransaSlions, 189 1, of the Royal Society of Canada, 
 Montreal, iZgz, ix., sea. ii., 173-34-3 +4- maps -(- plate ; folio. 
 Also published separately. 
 
 The account of the Cabots, 176-180, is supplemented by some 
 useful bibliographical, historical, and critical notes, 295-298. 
 
 See the report presented by Dr. Bourinot in the TransaBions of 
 the Royal Society of Canada, 1894, xii. p. xvi-xvii, for the first 
 suggestion made by him for a Cabot quadricentennial celebration. 
 
 (272) 
 
Cabot Bibliograpbg 1 1 3 
 
 BOURINOT (John George) The Story of Canada by 
 J. G. Bourinot — New Tork, Putnams, 1896. (^73) 
 
 8vo. 2 T + pp v-xx + 463 + map. 
 
 "The Dawn ot Discovery in Canada, 1497-1525," 19-28. 
 
 BOURINOT (John George) The Cabot Celebration 
 in Nova Scotia. By John George Bourinot. (^^74) 
 
 In The Independent — NetuTork, 24 June, 1897, xlix.. No. 2534, 4. 
 columns. Reduced cut of " John Cabot's map." 
 
 BOURINOT (John George) The makers of the do- 
 minion of Canada. A series of Twelve Illustrated Papers 
 on Famous Men and Incidents of Canadian History, from 
 the Norse and Cabot voyages until Federal Union. (986- 
 1867.) (275) 
 
 In The Canadian Magazine, Toronto, November, 1897, x. 3-15 
 (first paper). 
 
 BOURNE (Henry Richard Fox) English Seamen 
 under the Tudors, by H. R. Fox Bourne — London 1868. 
 
 (276) 
 8vo. 2 volumes. 2 T -)- pp v-xv ■\- 304 + 4 maps ; pp xi 
 
 + 314- 
 
 Chapter II., "The Voyages of the Cabots," i. 24-45. Cabot's 
 Isle of St. John is identified with Newfoundland. 
 
 BOURNE (Henry Richard Fox) The story of our 
 colonies : with sketches of their present condition, by 
 H. R. Fox Bourne — London mdccclxix. (277) 
 
 8vo. 2 T -I- pp iii-xiv +411. 
 
 " A new and revised edition, with six maps," was published in 
 London, 1888. 
 Cabot, pp. 3-7. 
 
 BOURNE (Henry Richard Fox) English Merchants : 
 memoirs in illustration of the progress of British commerce 
 by H. R. Fox Bourne — London^ 1866. (278) 
 
 8vo. 2 volumes. 2 T -(- v-xv 4- PP 4*7 : xi -(- 434 -)- plates. 
 
 " A new edition, with illustrations'' — London, 1886, condensed 
 into one volume ; 2 T -I- pp v-xvi ■\- 492 -t- plates. 
 
 Chapter VI., i. 147-163 (71-98 of 1886 edition) on the Themes 
 of Bristol and the patronage of trade by Henry VII. and the Com- 
 pany of Merchant Adventurers, describes the connexion between 
 the Cabots and British commercial development. 
 I 
 
1 1 4 Cabot BibliograpbB 
 
 BOWELL (Mackenzie). 
 
 See notes under Fleming, No. 351-352, and Bristol, No. 281, 
 for the part taken by Sir Mackenzie Bowell in securing English co- 
 operation for the Cabot celebrations of 1897. 
 
 BREVOORT (James Carson) Early voyages from 
 Europe to America. 2. John Cabot's Voyage of 1497. 
 By J. Carson Brevoort. (279) 
 
 In The Historical Magazine, Henry B. Dawson, Morrisania, 
 NX., March, 1868, Ser. 2, iii. 129-135 -|- map. 
 
 Mr. Brevoort advanced the theory that Cabot was aware of the 
 existence of the fishing banks and of Newfoundland before his 
 departure from England in 1497, and that he purposely avoided 
 this land in his search for a passage beyond to Cathay. 
 
 BREVOORT (James Carson) Notes on Giovanni da 
 Verrazano and on a planisphere of 1529, illustrating his 
 American voyage in X524, writh a reduced copy of the 
 map. By James Carson Brevoort. (280) 
 
 In the "Journal of the American Geographical Society, — Henx: 
 York, 1874, iv. 14.5-297 -(- 2 maps. Read 28 November, 1871. 
 Cabot, seftion vi., 213-214. 
 
 BRISTOL, ENGLAND Cabot Celebration, 1897. 
 Preliminary Proceedings — Bristol^ 1896. (281) 
 
 i8mo. T -(- pp 3-13. Reprinted from a report in the Western 
 Daily Press, Bristol, 27 June, 1896. 
 
 The Mansion House dinner of which this is the record was held 
 for the purpose of giving Sir Sandford Fleming and Sir Mackenzie 
 Bowell an opportunity to explain the plans of the Royal Society of 
 Canada and to secure the co-operation of Bristol in a Cabot quad- 
 ricentennial celebration. See Dawson, No. 318. 
 
 From suggestions made at this dinner, John Cassidy, of the 
 Manchester Museum of Fine Arts, received the idea which de- 
 veloped into the superb statuary group, " John Cabot and his son 
 Sebastian," which was exhibited during the summer of 1897 in 
 New Gallery, London. A photograph of the group is reproduced 
 in the Ne<w England Magazine, — Boston, February, 1898, xvii. 652. 
 
 (282) 
 
 The exercises at the laying of the foundation stone, and at the 
 formal opening of the Cabot Memorial Tower on Brandon Hill, 
 Bristol, are mentioned under Dufferin, Nos. 339-34.0. 
 
 The speeches at the second of these occasions, 6 September, 1898, 
 as reported in the Bristol Western Daily Press of the following day, 
 and especially the remarks of the Mayor, Sir Robert H. Symes, re- 
 
dabot Bibliograpbg 1 1 5 
 
 vealed an increasing appreciation of the fafl: that the glory of Bristol 
 is not so much in the circumstance that Cabot chose that town for 
 his home, as that Bristol merchants made the voyage of 1497 
 possible by their financial support, and that native Bristol sailors 
 manned the craft commanded by Cabot. (283) 
 
 Histories of Bristol are described under Barrett, Corry, 
 Davies, Hunt, Latimer, Nicholls, and Seyer. 
 
 The Bristol Librarian, John Taylor, in his Book about Bristol ^ 
 historical, ecclesiastical, and biographical, — London, 1872, does not 
 mention the Cabdts. (284.) 
 
 BRITANNICA, ENCYCLOPEDIA. 
 
 The account of Cabot in the Encyclopedia Britannica, ninth 
 edition, Edinburgh, 1875, iv. 622-623, '^ exceptionally careful and 
 trustworthy, despite its English leanings and the acceptance of the 
 1 517 voyage without qualification. (^85) 
 
 The article on Bristol, which is of more importance to Cabot 
 students, is described under Taylor, No. 54^.. 
 
 BROWN (Rawdon Lubbock). 
 
 The works of Mr. Rawdon Brown are chiefly interesting to 
 Cabot students on account of the documents which were first pub- 
 lished by him. They are described above as Nos. 15-17. 
 
 BROWN (Richard) A history of the island of Cape 
 Breton with some account of the discovery and settlement 
 of Canada, Nova Scotia, and Newfoundland by Richard 
 Brown — London^ Sampson Low, 1869. (286) 
 
 8vo. 2 T + pp v-xv -I- 464 + 2 plates + 8 maps. 
 The account of the Cabots in this Cape Breton book, pp. 7-13, 
 locates the landfall on the Labrador coast. 
 
 BROWNSON (Henry F.). 
 
 See Tarducci, No. 540. 
 
 BRUNO (A.) Per Giovanni e Sebastiano Caboto (287) 
 
 In the Giornale Ligustico, — Geno'va, July-Ottober, 1897, Anno 
 xxii.,fasc. 7-10 [Nuova Serie, vol. ii.], pp. 381-389 (C. E., see No. 
 
 BRYANT (William Cullen) A popular history of the 
 United States, from the first discovery by the northmen, 
 to the end of the first century of the union of the states 
 preceded by a sketch of the prehistoric period and the age 
 
ii6 Cabot Bibliograpbs 
 
 of the nomad builders. By William CuUen Bryant and 
 Sidney Howard Gay — New York, Scribners, i876(-i88i) 
 
 (288) 
 
 Large 8vo. 4 volumes. 
 
 Reprinted as Scribner's Popular History, Neiv York, 1896, with a 
 fifth volume and the fourth rewritten by Noah Brooks. 
 
 The account of the Cabots, i. 129-138, written by Mr. Gay, is 
 useful as an intelligent summary of the results accepted by the best 
 known students in 1876. 
 
 BRYMNER (Douglas) Report on Canadian archives by 
 Douglas Brymner, Archivist, 1897 (Being an Appendix 
 to Report of the Minister of Agriculture.) — Ottawa, i8g8. 
 
 (289) 
 8vo. 2 T + pp iii-xxiv + 1-125 + 253-395 + 81-179 -f- 2 
 maps. 
 
 This report contains the photolithograph facsimile of the Cabot 
 1544 map. No. 39^, made from a negative taken in Paris by direc- 
 tion of the Minister of Agriculture and deposited with the Archi- 
 vist. See Dawson, No. 321. 
 
 BULLO (Carlo) La vera patria di Nicolo de' Conti 
 e di Giovanni Caboto studj e documenti — Chioggia, 1880. 
 
 (290) 
 
 8vo. T -I- pp v-xxxiii -(-91. 
 
 An unconvincing argument that John Cabot was bom in Chioggia. 
 The footnotes are useful as a guide to the Italian secondary- Cabo- 
 tian literature. According to Harrisse, No. 383, p. 372, this 
 work is based upon Moroni, Annuale Feneto, Venezia, 1786. 
 
 " Lettera di G. Lanza a C. Bullo, suUa vera patria di Giovanni 
 Caboto," dated Venezia, 29 Marzo, 1876, pp. 70-91. (*9o') 
 
 BULLO (Carlo) Ancora della patria di Giovanni 
 Caboto. (291) 
 
 In the Numjo Archi'vio Veneto, — Venexia, 1897, xiv. 246-252 
 (C. E., see No. 343*). 
 
 BURKE (Edmund) An account of the European Settle- 
 ments in America — London, mdcclvii. (292) 
 
 8vo. 2 volumes. T + 3 U -h pp 312 -)- map; T -J- pp 300 
 -f- 10 11 + map. 
 
 Reprinted, London, 1758, 1760, 1765, 1766, 1770, 1777, 1808, 
 Dublin, 1762, 1777; Boston, 1835, 1851. Translated, Parw, 1767, 
 1780; Amsterdam and Leipzig, 1775 and 1778; Dantzig, 1777; 
 Fenezia, 1763. 
 
Cabot Bibliograpbi5 ' ' 7 
 
 For an admirable suggestion of the impression which an intelligent 
 reader was likely to receive from a careful examination of the avail- 
 able information respefting the Cabots, before the recovery of 
 documentary sources in the nineteenth century, see ii. 133. 
 
 BURRAGE (Henry Storrs) The cartography of the 
 period. By Rev. Henry S. Burrage. (293) 
 
 In the Troceedings of the Maine Historical Society, Cabot Meet- 
 ing, — Portland, June, 1897, viii. 398-415. 
 
 BUSCH (Wilhelm) England unter den Tudors. Von 
 Dr. Wilhelm Busch . . . Konig Heinrich VII. 1485- 
 1509 — Stuttgart, 1892. (294) 
 
 8vo. 2 T -^ pp v-xii + 434. 
 
 "Die Bristoler u. Cabotto," 166-169; with references to the 
 sources on the more perplexing problems, 367-369. 
 
 CAMPBELL (John) Lives of the Admirals and other 
 Eminent British Seamen, containing their personal histories 
 and a detail of all their public services. Including a new 
 and accurate Naval History from the earliest accounts of 
 Time : and clearly proving, by a continued Series of Fafts, 
 our uninterrupted Claim to, and Enjoyment of, the Do- 
 minion of our Seas. Interspersed w^ith many curious 
 Passages relating to our Discoveries, Plantations, and 
 Commerce. The whole supported by proper Authorities. 
 By John Campbell, Esq. The Second Edition, carefully 
 revised, correfted and enlarged. — London, 1 750. (295) 
 
 8vo. 4 volumes. T + i 1 -(- pp 543 ; T -(- pp 476 -)- 12 11 ; 
 T -h pp 3-488 ; T -I- pp 453 .^ 8 11. 
 
 Lowndes states that the first edition was published in 1744 ; it 
 is not in the British Museum. A Dublin edition is said to be 
 dated 1748. The work was frequently reprinted, with slight 
 changes; London, 1761, 1779, 1781, 1785, and, perhaps the best 
 edition, brought down to date by Dr. Burkenhout, Henry Redhead 
 Yorke, and William Stevenson, ioK^o», 1812-1817, 8 vols. [H. N.S.] 
 
 The account of the Cabots in this work, i. 326-331, 385-399, 
 of the 1750 edition, ori. 312-316, 373-387 of the 1812-17 edition, 
 probably represented the standard secondary authority until the 
 appearance of Biddle, No. 261. The statement that Sebastian 
 Cabot was Governor of the Company of Merchant Adventurers 
 during their struggle with the Steelyard in 1551, is in i. 232, 
 Dublin 1748 edition (395, 1750, or 383, 1812-17.) See HaRRISSE, 
 No. 387, p. 331, and the IntroduSlion, p. 1. 
 
ii8 Ca&ot Bibliograpbs 
 
 CAMPBELL (William Wilfred). 
 
 A poem commemorative of the Halifax Cabot celebration, 24. 
 June, 1897, was printed in the Halifax Morning Chronicle of that 
 date. It appears also to have furnished the inspiration for an 
 editorial in the Independent — Hew York, 2+ June, 1897, xlix.. No. 
 2534, which expounds the significance of the "achievement to 
 which we owe it that North America is dominated by a race speak- 
 ing the English language." (^9^) 
 
 CARTWRIGHT (William Cornwallis). 
 
 See note under Ayala, No. 7% for Mr. Cartwright's memorial 
 sketch of Gustave Bergenroth. 
 
 CASSIDY (John). 
 
 See note under Bristol, No. 282. 
 
 CERVETTO (L. A.) Per Giovanni e Sebastiano Caboto 
 
 (299) 
 In the Giornak Ligustico, — Geno'va, July-Oftober, 1897, Anno 
 xxii., fasc. 7-10 [Nuova Serie, vol. ii.], pp. 381-389 (C. E., see 
 No. 343^). 
 
 An article on the Genoese birth of Cabot was contributed by Sig. 
 Cervetto to the Cittadino — Genoa, 9 July, 1897, with the heading, 
 W Centenario di Gio'vanni Cabotto gloria ligure. 
 
 CHALMERS (George). 
 
 The Political An-nals of the Present United Colonies, — London, 
 m.dcc.lxxx. (4to, pp. (10) -J- 695) is referred to under Henry 
 VII., No. 136. (300) 
 
 CHAMBERS Sebastian Cabot, the Navigator. (301) 
 
 In Chambers' fournal, Edinburgh, 14 March, 1840, ix. 59-60, 
 folio series. 
 
 This is one of the earliest suggestions that the Cabot voyage of 
 discovery was made by way of Iceland. 
 
 CHANNING (Edward) and HART (Albert Bush- 
 nell) Guide to the study of American History by 
 Edward Channing and Albert Bushnell Hart — Boston, 
 Ginn, 1896 (302) 
 
 8vo. 2 T + pp v-xvi -1- 471. 
 
 The Cabots, 246-247 ; an introduftory bibliography. 
 See No. 64 for the leaflet of Sources edited by Professor Channing 
 of Harvard. 
 
Cabot 3Bfbliograpbi? 119 
 
 CHEYNEY (Edward). 
 
 See the note under Brown, No. i6, for Mr. Cheyney's part in 
 bringing the Cabot documents discovered in the Venetian archives 
 to the notice of English students. 
 
 CHRISTY (Miller). 
 
 Mr. Miller Christy's edition of Northwest Fox is described as 
 No. 356. 
 
 CHURCH (George Earl). 
 
 Colonel Church, in the discussion of Markh am. Fourth Centennary 
 Address, No. 453, at the meeting of the Royal Geographical Society, 
 12 April, 1897, reported in The Geographical Journal, London, June, 
 1897, ix. 616-619, presented various possible calculations which 
 were designed to prove that Cabot's 1497 voyage could not possibly 
 have occupied as short a time, about 95 days, as has usually been 
 assumed. Much curious learning was displayed in regard to the 
 presumable length of the league which Cabot and the Italians who 
 reported his achievements may have used. Colonel Church suggested 
 that Cabot started on his voyage in May, 1496, and returned in 
 August, 1497, the return voyage alone having occupied the three 
 months usually assigned to the entire voyage both to and from the 
 new world. He conceived that Cabot would naturally take a cargo 
 of breadstufFs,beer and liquors, to Iceland, where he would exchange 
 these for a store of fish, and thence follow the well-known route of 
 the Vikings to the western islands. He discredited the long delay 
 between the granting of the patent in 1496 and the sailing in May, 
 1497, inasmuch as "it was easy for a merchant of the wealth and 
 position of Cabot to enlist any support he may have solicited to fit 
 out a ship which he himself was to command. His eager wish to 
 solve the riddle of the West had impelled him to successfully spur 
 the bold sailors of Bristol to fit out several expeditions. . . . But 
 now the great Cabot was to sail in person. Everything must have 
 urged him to prompt aftion," p. 618. (303) 
 
 This discussion offers the clearest and most reasonable presenta- 
 tion of the views advocated by Mr. E. J. Payne ; see No. 473^. 
 
 COLBY (Charles William) Seledlions from the 
 Sources of English History Being a supplement to text 
 books of English History. B.C. 55. a.d. 1832 — London 
 1899. (304) 
 
 8vo, 2 T + pp v-xxxvii + 325. 
 
 " John Cabot's First Voyage (1497)," the letter of Raimondo 
 Di Soncino, copied from Weare, pp. 133-135. 
 
 Critical review notices of Cabot books, by Professor Colby, of 
 McGill University, Montreal, were published in The Nation, — 
 
1 20 Cabot ffiibltograpbs 
 
 Ne^ York, ii Oaober, 1897, Ixv. 325-3z6 ; and 4 August, 1898, 
 Ixvii. 96-97. See the notes to Weare, No. 560, and Dawson, 
 No. 319. (304*) 
 
 COOTE (Charles Henry) Note on the " New Map," 
 by C. H. Coote. (305) 
 
 In Davis, edited by A. H. Markham, No. 87, London, Hakluyt 
 Society, 1880, pp. Ixxxv-xcv. 
 
 See note under Molineux, No. 174.'. 
 
 COOTE (Charles Henry) Sebastian Cabot, 1474- 
 1557- (306) 
 
 In the DiSionary of National Biography, edited by Leslie Stephen, 
 London, 1886, viii. 166-171. 
 
 Advocates a Bristol birthplace for Sebastian, and a projefled 
 voyage with Pert in 1 5 1 7. There is an excellent short bibliography. 
 
 The introduffion to Lord Crawford's reproduftion of three 
 mappemondes is described under Desceliers, No. 90. 
 
 CORDEIRO (Luciano) La part prise par les Portugais 
 
 dans la d6couverte de I'Amerique. (307) 
 
 In the Compte-rendu of the Congres International des Ameri- 
 
 canistes, Nancy, 1875, I- '• 232-324., 469-479. Reprinted, Zwio«, 
 
 1876. 
 
 The Cabot voyages are discussed, 317-324 and 469-479, with 
 special reference to the probable or possible relations between the 
 English and Portuguese expeditions, the priority of discovery of the 
 fishing grounds, etc. 
 
 CORREA (Caspar) Lendas da India por Caspar Correa 
 publicadas de ordem da Classe de sciencias maraes, politicas 
 e bellas lettras da Academia real das sciencias de Lisboa 
 . . . Obra subsidiada pelo governo de Portugal — Lisboa 
 i858(-t864) (308) 
 
 4to. 4 volumes. 
 
 " N'este anno de 527 partio de Seuilha hum Bastiao Gabato, 
 biscajin^o, grande piloto . . ." iii. 109. 
 
 CORRY (John) The History of Bristol, civil and ecclesi- 
 astical; including Biographical Notices of eminent and 
 distinguished natives, By John Corry — Bristol 1816(309) 
 gvo. 2 volumes. T -h i 1 + pp iv -(- 479 + 3 plates ; T + 
 PP iv + 445-1-9 plates. 
 The account of Cabot, i. 310-319, is derived from Hakluyt. 
 
Cabot Bibliograpbs 1 2 1 
 
 CORTAMBERT (Richard) La Mappemonde de Cabot 
 
 (310) 
 In L" Exploration, Paris, June, 1881, xii. 838-839. 
 M. Cortambert, the librarian of the Bibliotheque Nationale, 
 claims to have been the first to perceive the significance of the date 
 1494 on the Cabot map of 1544. 
 
 A translation of this communication, by Captain E. L. Ber- 
 THOUD, in the Kansas City Re'vienxi of Science and Industry, Kansas 
 City, Missouri, August, 1882, vi. 218-219, ends "'■''^ ^- "Note. 
 Capt. Berthoud informs us that he owns Sebastian Cabot's map 
 with the ' Phrima Vista Land ' marked upon it. [Ed. Review." 
 
 (3") 
 
 CORTAMBERT (Richard) Jean et Sebastien Cabot 
 
 (312) 
 In V Exploration, Paris, 1882, xiii. 473-478. 
 
 CORTAMBERT (Richard) Nouvelle histoire des 
 voyages et des grandes ddcouvertes g^ographiques dans 
 tous les temps et dans tous les pays par Richard Cortam- 
 bert. L'Amdrique. Le pole nord. — Paris [n.d. 1883 
 or 1884.] (313) 
 
 Folio. T -I- pp 808 + plates. 
 
 An interesting account of the Cabots, from a charafteristically 
 French point of view, is on pp. 207-217. 
 
 M. Cortarabert's introdu6lion to the Atlas of Jomard is described 
 as No. 149. 
 
 DAHLGREN (E. W.). 
 
 The descriptive text accompanying Mr. Dahlgren's reproduftion 
 of the Santa Cruz mappemonde is described as No. 204. 
 
 DALY (Charles Patrick) On the early history of car- 
 tography, or what we know of maps and map-making, 
 before the time of Mercator. By Charles P. Daly. (314) 
 
 In the Journal oi the American Geographical Society, Nenv York, 
 1879, ''■• '"4-° + 21 plates. Also issued separately. 
 
 The Cabot 1544 map is reproduced in small facsimile on a fold- 
 ing plate, although no reference is made to it in the text. 
 
 DAVIES (W. Howell) Modern Bristol. By W. 
 Howell Davies, One of the Bristol Delegates to the Cabot 
 Celebration. (315) 
 
122 Cabot Biblfograpbs 
 
 In the Proceedings and TransaSiions of the Royal Society of 
 Canada, Ottawa, 1897, pp. cxliii-clviii. Also issued separately. 
 
 DAWSON (Henry Barton) 
 
 See note to Deane, No. 323. 
 
 DAWSON (Samuel Edward) The Voyages of the 
 Cabots in 1497 and 1498 ; with an attempt to determine 
 their landfall and to identify their island of St. John. By 
 Samuel Edward Dawson, Lit.D. (Laval). Presented May 
 22, 1894. (316) 
 
 In the Proceedings and TransaMions of the Royal Society of 
 Canada, Ottaiua, 1895, xii. seft. ii. 51-112. Also issued separately. 
 
 In this paper Dr. Dawson examined all the evidence which 
 throws light upon the Cabot discovery, and with much skill pre- 
 sented arguments to show that the landfall on 24. June, 1497, was 
 the easternmost point of Cape Breton Island, at or near the cape 
 Breton. A careful study of all the available maps, many of which 
 are reproduced by traced facsimiles, enabled him to present very 
 strong reasons for believing that the island of St. John was the 
 present Scatari island ; that the island named St. John on the 1 544 
 Cabot map was the present Magdalen group ; and that it could 
 not have been Prince Edward Island, because this was not shown 
 to be an island on the maps earlier than 1632. 
 
 See the notes under Cabot, No. 39'. 
 
 DAWSON (Samuel Edward) The Voyages of the 
 
 Cabots in 1497 and 1498 — A sequel to a paper in the 
 
 " TransacSions " of 1 894. By Samuel Edward Dawson. 
 
 Read May 19, 1896. (317) 
 
 In the Proceedings and TransaBions of the Royal Society of 
 
 Canada, Ottaiua, 1896, 2 ser. ii. sefl:. ii. 3-30 ; also issued in : 
 
 DAWSON (Samuel Edward) The discovery of America 
 by John Cabot in 1497 being extracts from the proceed- 
 ings of the Royal Society of Canada relative to a Cabot 
 celebration in 1897 ^""^ *^^ voyages of the Cabots. A 
 paper from the Transaftions of the society in 1896 with 
 appendices on kindred subje6ls by Samuel Edward Dawson 
 — Ottawa 1896 (318) 
 
 8vo. Cover -f- T -J- pp iii-xiv -)- 3-30 + map. 
 
 This contains the report of the Council of the Royal Society of 
 Canada on the proposed Cabot celebration, reprinted from the same 
 volume of the Proceedings, R.S.C., pp. xxiii-xxxii. 
 
Cabot Bibliograpb^ 1 2 3 
 
 Dr. Dawson, in reply to criticisms brought out by his first paper, 
 developed the arguments which show that a Cabotian landfall on 
 the Labrador coast is most improbable. His very strong argument 
 was weakened by the assumption that Harrisse had located the 
 landfall upon the northernmost point of Labrador, Cape Chidleigh 
 or Chidley. 
 
 Other contributions to this discussion are noted under Harvey, 
 Wrong, and Harrisse, Nos. 388-396, who writes "as Dr. Dawson 
 saw fit to place his theory on mathematical grounds (implied in his 
 appeal to the magnetic variation) I thought fit in my turn to give 
 him mathematics to his heart's content." 
 
 Dawson ' (Samuel Edward) The Voyages of the 
 Cabots. Latest Phases of the Controversy. By Samuel 
 Edward Dawson. (3^9) 
 
 In the Proceedings and TransaBions of the Royal Society of 
 Canada,^Ottfl<ifa, 1897, new series, iii. seft. ii. 139-268 -)- 4 maps 
 -|- facsimile. Also issued separately. 
 
 Dr. Dawson undertook in this paper to summarize the discussion 
 to date, and he succeeded admirably in replying to the various ob- 
 jeftions which had been raised against his thesis. The references 
 provide a useful guide to the animated discussion, condufted mainly 
 in the columns of the Canadian daily press during 1897, between 
 the advocates of the various locations for the Cabot landfall. See 
 Harrisse, Nos. 396 and 397 ; Howley, No. 4.17 ; Dionne, No. 
 332 ; Colby in the Neiu York Nation of 4 August, 1898, Ixvi; 
 the Re'viemj of Historical Publications relating to Canada, 1897, — 
 Toronto, 1898, ii. 30-4.1 ; the American Historical Revienu, — New 
 York, OSober, 1898, iv. 159-162; and the Glasgonu Herald, 22 
 April, 1898. 
 
 Taken together. Dr. Dawson's three papers contain by far the 
 most reasonable and the most useful discussion of the landfall 
 problems. 
 
 DAWSON (Samuel Edward) Memorandum upon the 
 Cabot map. (321) 
 
 In Brymner, Report on Canadian Archi'ves, — Ottatwa, 1898, 
 102-105. 
 
 See No. 289. The legends from the Cabot 1544 map, No. 55% 
 are reprinted from the Massachusetts Historical Society Proceedings, 
 2 series, vi. 305-339, on pp. 106-125. 
 
 DEANE (Charles) Remarks of Mr. Charles Deane on 
 Sebastian Cabot's Mappe-monde. (322) 
 
 In the Proceedings of the American Antiquarian Society for 24 
 April, 1867, — Cambridge, 1867, 43-50. Fifty copies reprinted 
 
124 Cabot Btbliograpbu 
 
 it^znteXy,— Cambridge, 1867, 2 T + pp 1-8, with an additional 
 footnote pasted on p. 8. 
 
 Mr. Deane made a preliminary report upon the map, which he had 
 recently examined for the first time, to the American Antiquarian 
 Society, 20 oaober, 1866; Proceedings,— Cambridge , 1866, 10-14. 
 These remarks were also reported in the Historical Magazine,— 
 MomVara'fl.New York, November, 1866, x. 353-354, with an enter- 
 taining note on the "discovery" of historical documents, by 
 Henry B. Dawson. (3^3) 
 
 Mr. Deane contributed two extended notes on Hakluyt's use 
 of the Cabot voyages, in the Discours of 1584, No. 126, for the 
 1877 edition, pp. 192-195; and on the conflifting evidence in 
 regard to the Cabot 1544 mappemonde, pp. 222-228. (3^4) 
 
 Mr. Deane's remarks on presenting a photograph of the Cabot 
 map. No. 39S to the Massachusetts Historical Society, are in the 
 Society's Prof^^^K^i for oaober, 1882,— £orto», 1882, xix. 387-388. 
 
 (325) 
 
 DEANE (Charles) The Mappemonde of Sebastian 
 Cabot. (326) 
 
 In Science, — Cambridge, Massachusetts, 23 February, 1883, i. 
 62-65. 
 
 DEANE (Charles) The Voyages of the Cabots. By 
 Charles Deane. (327) 
 
 In WiNSOR, Narratiiie and Critical History of America, — Boston 
 (1884), iii. 1-58 -I- 2 maps. Also issued separately. 
 
 The "Critical essay on the sources of information," 7-58, affords 
 the most satisfaflory beginning for the study of any phase of the 
 Cabot questions. In addition to the aftual sources, it contains 
 discriminating comments on the more important modern works 
 which had then been published. It gives " a cautious and thorough 
 examination of all the evidence, extended or brief, worthy of 
 consideration . . . surveyed in a chronological way. A study of 
 Mr. Deane's treatment is peculiarly indicative of the hazards to 
 which historical statements are subjefled during transmission from 
 one writer to another, under the influence of tradition, chance know- 
 ledge, inference, and conjefture." — WiNSOR,- Controversies, No. 
 571. P- 15- 
 
 Mr. Deane's transcript of the legends on the Cabot map, printed 
 in the Massachusetts Historical Society Proceedings for 1891, are 
 described under Cabot, No. 55^ 
 
 DESIMONI (CoRNELio) Relazione sugli scopritori geno- 
 vesi [del medio evo, e sul modo come essi furono recente- 
 
Cabot BlbUograpbs i z 5 
 
 mente giudicati dai Dotti Stranieri.] No. VI. [Giovanni 
 Caboto] (328) 
 
 In the Giornale Ligustico, — Geno'va, 1874, i. 308-316. 
 
 DESIMONI (CoRNELio) Intorno a Giovanni Caboto 
 Genovese scopritore del Labrador e di altre regioni dell' 
 alta America settentrionale Documenti pubblicati ed illus- 
 trati dal socio Cornelio Desimoni. (320) 
 
 In the Atii delta Societa Ligure di Storia Patria, — Genova, 188 1, 
 XV. 179-239. Also issued separately. 
 
 The important documents are printed on pp. 219-239. Two 
 pages of " Libri consultati diretta mente " contain the titles of 
 several useful continental publications upon the Cabots. 
 
 This essay marks an important step towards the establishment of 
 the faft that John Cabot was born in Genoa. 
 
 DEXTER (George) Early European Voyagers in Massa- 
 chusetts Bay. (330) 
 
 In WiNSOR, Memorial History of Boston,— Boston, 1880, i. 23-36. 
 Also issued separately. 
 
 The Cabot voyages, 29-32. 
 
 DEXTER (George) ThetestimonyofFabyan's Chronicle 
 to Hakluyt's account of the Cabots. By George Dexter. 
 
 (331) 
 In the Proceedings of the American Antiquarian Society, — 
 Worcester, 1882, new series, i. 436-441. 
 
 This is an important analysis of the use which Stow and Holin- 
 SH£D made of the Fabyan manuscript, No. 105, and of the 
 probable source from which Hakluyt took his extrafls from it. 
 
 DIONNE (Narcisse Eutrope) John and Sebastian 
 Cabot. (332) 
 
 In Le Courrier du Linire Canadiana^ — ^^fef, May-June, 1898, 
 iii. 8-18, 35-46. Also issued separately. 
 
 In these articles, the librarian to the legislature of the province 
 of Quebec elaborated his strong " conviftion that Cabot never put 
 his foot on Cape Breton land," a belief to which he had previously 
 given expression in a series of six articles contributed to the 
 Courrier du Canada, — Siuebec, February and March, 1896. (332*) 
 
 In a review of Harrisse, Cabot, No. 387, in the American His- 
 torical Re'vietv, — Nenxi York, July, 1896, i. 717-721, M. Dionne 
 gave a clear statement of the more important problems raised in 
 that volume, and of the solutions proposed, (333) 
 
iz6 Cabot BibUoQtapbi^ 
 
 DOCUMENTI inediti intorno ai primi scopritori italiani 
 
 delle terre americane. (334) 
 
 In the Annali universali di statistica, economia pubblica, legislazione, 
 
 storia, 'viaggi e commercio, — Milano, 1865, 4th ser., xxi. (clxi.), 204- 
 
 214. 
 
 Reprinted as : 
 
 L' America e gli scopritori italiani. (334-*) 
 
 In the Annuario scientifico ed industriak, — Milano, 1866, ii. 700- 
 
 7°+- 
 
 This is an abstraft of a discussion in the Ateneo di Milano, 13 
 April, 1865, upon the documents published by Barrera Pezzi, 
 No. 251. The significant portions of the documents are reprinted. 
 — Titles and notes from Fumagalli, No. 358. 
 
 DONEAUD (G.) I Caboto di Porto Maurizio. (335) 
 In La Promncia, giornale settimanale di Porto Maurizio, 19, 26 
 November, 1881, vol. ii. — Title from Harrisse, No. 383"', and 
 Fumagalli, No. 358. 
 
 DOYLE (John Andrew) English Colonies in America. 
 Virginia, Maryland, and the Carolinas by J. A. Doyle. — 
 London^ 1882. (33^) 
 
 8vo. 2 T + pp v-xvi + 420 + map. 
 
 The account of the Cabots, 22-26 and 37-39, is supplemented 
 by Appendix C, "The Cabots and their Voyages," 399-407. This 
 was apparently written when the Paris Library was the " Biblio- 
 theque Imperiale,'' and whenBiDDLE andNiCHOLLS were the two 
 writers who " have made a special study of the career of Sebastian 
 Cabot." No American ought to complain that the credit is given 
 to Bryant and Gay, No. 288, of having cut the Gordian Icnot of 
 the Cabot 1544 map by boldly supposing iv to be a misprint for 
 vii. 
 
 DOYLE (William) Some account of the British do- 
 minions beyond the Atlantic : containing chiefly What is 
 most interesting and least known with respeft to those 
 Parts : particularly. The important Question about the 
 north west passage Is satisfaflorily discussed : with a large 
 map; in which The said supposed Passage, and all the 
 Arftic Regions, are more fully delineated than ever before : 
 By William Doyle — London. (337) 
 
 8vo. 2 T -(- I 1 + pp xvi -1- 87 + map. 
 
 The suggestion on p. xi that British North America should be 
 called Sebastia in honour of its discoverer, Sebastian Cabot, and 
 
Cabot JSibllogtapb^ 127 
 
 that even more fantastic alterations of the names of other portions 
 of the New World should be adopted, has led recent writers to 
 mention this book more frequently than its intrinsic value, whether 
 for information or for influence upon the contemporary public, 
 would seem to justify. 
 
 DUFFERIN AND AVA (Frederick Temple Hamil- 
 ton Temple Blackwood, Marquis of) John Cabot. 
 By the Marquis of DufFerin and Ava. (338) 
 
 In Scribner's Magazine, — Netv York, July, 1897, xxii. 62-80. 
 
 The illustrations were selefted by Mr. Wilberforce Eames, of the 
 Lenox Library. 
 
 Lord Dufferin's article, replete with unqualified statements and 
 hazardous guesses, is none the less most suggestive, and contains 
 as satisfaftory an account of what may have happened to and 
 through John Cabot as any contribution to the anniversary litera- 
 ture. With the confident assurance of a mature man, who has 
 dealt with many men, and unhampered by the preconceptions of 
 the historian's traditions, Lord Duff^erin reconstrufled in outline 
 the career of Cabot in a way that is both plausible and not notice- 
 ably inconsistent with the authoritative sources. This estimate 
 of Lord Dufferin's article may profitably be compared with that of 
 Mr. Harrisse, No. 396, and of Dr. Dawson in the Re'vienv of 
 Historical Publications relating to Canada, 1897, — Toronto, 1898, ii. 
 34-35- 
 
 DUFFERIN AND AVA (Marquis of) The Cabot 
 Memorial at Bristol. (339) 
 
 In The Times, — London, 25 June, 1897, and in other London and 
 Bristol newspapers of the same date. 
 
 Lord DufFerin, as chairman of the committee organized to raise 
 funds and erefl; at Bristol a Cabot Memorial Tower, delivered an 
 address at the laying of the corner stone, in which he made the 
 first public announcement of the discovery of the " Cabot Roll," 
 described under Kemys, No. 151. 
 
 Lord Dufferin's remarks at the formal opening of the Tower, 6 
 September, 1898, were fully reported in the Western Daily Press, — - 
 Bristol, 7 September, 1898. (34°) 
 
 A leader in the London times for 2j June, 1897, on "The 
 Cabot Memorial," is interesting as an indication of the preconcep- 
 tions with which the ordinary well-informed Englishman regards 
 the period of discovery. (34^) 
 
 EAMES (Wilberforce). 
 
 See notes under Dufferin and Ava, No. 338, and Sabin, No. 
 519. 
 
1 2 8 Cabot ffiibliograpbg 
 
 ERRERA (Carlo) I viaggi di Giovanni e di Sebastiano 
 Caboto neir Atlantico Settentrionale. Considerazioni 
 critiche di Carlo Errera. (34^) 
 
 In the Bollettino delta Societa Geografica Italiana, — Roma, May, 
 1893, 3rd series, yi. (xxx.), 387-414. Also issued separately. 
 
 A careful and intelligent study of Tarducci and Harrisse, 
 from whose evidence he deduces a strong case in favour of a voyage 
 by Sebastian Cabot in 1509. 
 
 In a note, pp. 751-752 of the same volume. Dr. Errera calls 
 attention to the evidence contained in the report of Contarini, 
 No. 80, confirmatory of his argument for the 1509 voyage. (342*) 
 
 ERRERA (Carlo) La spedizione di Sebastiano Caboto 
 al rio della Plata. (343) 
 
 In the Archi'vio Storico Italiana, — Firenze, 1S95, 5th series, xv. 
 1-62. Also issued separately. 
 A study of Tarducci and Madero. 
 
 The titles of several recent Italian essays upon Cabotian subjefts, 
 which have been communicated to this bibliography by Dr. Errera, 
 are signed by his initials and a reference to this note. (34-3*) 
 
 ERRIZO (Francesco Miniscalchi). 
 
 See No. 459. 
 
 ESPADA (Juan de la) Demostracion del mapa-mundi 
 
 de Sebastian Caboto. (344) 
 
 This title is quoted by S'. Fernandez Duro in a list of Spanish 
 
 maps and manuscripts, printed in his Area de No^, — Madrid, 1881, 
 
 p. 538. He gives the reference : Bibliot. part, de S. M. — J. de la 
 
 Espada — Relac. geog. pagina 131. 
 
 FERNANDEZ DURO (CesAreo) Los Ojos en el 
 
 Cielo. Libro cuarto de las Disquisiciones Nauticas 
 
 Madrid 1879. (34.5) 
 
 8vo. T -1- pp 5-445- 
 
 There is a description of the Cabot 1544 map on p. 278. 
 
 FERNANDEZ DURO (CesAreo) ArcadeNoe. Libro 
 Sexto de las Disquisiciones Nauticas — Madrid 1881. 
 
 (346) 
 8vo. T -(- pp 5-680 -t- map. 
 
 Sebastian Cabot, and his place in nautical history, are mentioned 
 on pp. 314, 342, 521, 538. 
 
dabot BibUograpbs 129 
 
 FERNANDEZ DURO (Cesareo) Los Cabotos Juan 
 y Sebastian descubridores en el continente Americano. 
 
 (347) 
 In the Boletin de la Sociedad Geografica, — Madrid, January-March, 
 1893, xxxiv. 69-91. 
 See Tarducci, No. 541. 
 
 FERNANDEZ DURO (Cesareo) Los Cabotos. (348) 
 
 In the Boletin de la Real Academia de la Historia, — Madrid, 
 March, 1893, xxii. 257-282. 
 
 A summary of Harrisse, Bellemo, Tarducci, arid especially 
 Madero. Captain Dure develops the suggestion that the diffi- 
 culties into which Cabot was drawn during his La Plata expedition 
 grew out of the jealousy of the Spanish pilots and cartographers, 
 who felt injured by the faft that they were serving under a foreigner. 
 
 According to Prowse, No. 490, p. 30, Captain Duro "brands 
 Sebastian as a traitor to Spain " in a review of Madero, No. 443, 
 in La Espana Moderna, — Madrid, 1892. (349) 
 
 Captain Duro's article on La Cosa's map of 1500 is mentioned 
 in the notes to No. 84". 
 
 FERN ANDES PINHEIRO (Joaquim Caetano). 
 
 The Spanish version of Southey's Brazil is described in the 
 notes to No. 528. 
 
 FISKE (John) The discovery of America with some 
 
 account of ancient America and the Spanish conquest by 
 
 John Fiske — Boston mdcccxcii (35°) 
 
 8vo. 2 volumes. T -(- pp iii-xxxvi -(- 516; T + pp iii- 
 
 xxiv + 631 + 4 maps. Also issued, 250 copies, on large paper 
 
 in four volumes. 
 
 A good summary of what was accomplished by the Cabots, 
 closely following Harrisse, No. 383, is in chapter vii., ii. 1-17. 
 
 FLEMING (Sandford) Expeditions to the Pacific. With 
 a brief reference to the Voyages of Discovery in seas con- 
 tiguous to Canada, in connexion with a Western Passage 
 from Europe to Asia. By Sandford Fleming. (35^) 
 
 In the TransaSions of the Royal Society of Canada, — Montreal, 
 i8go, vii. seft. ii. 89-141 -1- map. Also issued separately. 
 
 In the winter of 1895-96, Sir Sandford Fleming and Sir Mac- 
 kenzie Bowell made an informal trip to England for the purpose, 
 among others, of arousing interest and securing English co-opera- 
 tion in the proposed Canadian celebration of the Cabot quadri- 
 centennial. Sir Sandford made an address before the Royal 
 K 
 
130 Cabot 3BibUograpbs 
 
 Colonial Institute, 9 June, 1896, which was printed in its Pro- 
 ceedings, xxvii. 398-4.22, and was widely circulated in separate form. 
 He also spoke at the dinner mentioned in the note under Bristol, 
 No. 281. (352) 
 
 FORSTER (JoHANN Reinhold) Geschichte der Ent- 
 deckungen und SchifFahrten im Norden. Mit neuen 
 Originalkarten versehen. Von Johann Reinhold Forster. 
 — Franckfurt an der Oder 1784. (353) 
 
 8vo. Pp xxiv (including title) + 596 + (2) + 3 maps. 
 
 Reissued, with a new, undated title, giving a Berlin imprint, 
 the author's name being given as J. H. Forster. Translated into 
 English, — London, lySSjT + 3pp + xvi+489 + 8ll+ 3 
 maps, 4to : reprinted with Dublin imprint, the collation being the 
 same, but the format in 8vo. There is also a French edition. 
 
 The account of Cabot in this important work, which exerted a 
 considerable influence at the time of its appearance, is on pp. 310- 
 313, or 266-269 of the English edition. 
 
 FOSTER (William Eaton) Early english explora- 
 tions of America. A. The voyages of the Cabots, 1497- 
 98- (354) 
 
 In the Monthly Reference Lists, prepared by the Librarian of the 
 Providence Public Library, — Neiv York, August, 1884, iv. 27-28. 
 A short annotated bibliography of the more accessiljle books. 
 
 FOX (Luke) North-west fox, or, Fox from the North, 
 west passage. Beginning With King Arthvr, Malga- 
 06thvr, the two Zeni's of Iseland, Estotiland, and Dorgia ; 
 Following with briefe Abstrafts of the Voyages of Cabot, 
 Frobisher . . . With the Author his owne Voyage, being 
 the xvi"". with the opinions and Colleftions of the most 
 famous Ma-thematicians, and Cosmographers ; ... By 
 Captaine Lvke Fox of Kingstone vpon Hull — London 
 
 1635. (355) 
 
 Small 4to. T + 5 11 -f- pp 1-256 -(- map : see the elaborate 
 collation in No. 356, p. cxxvii. 
 
 The Cabot narratives, pp. 13-16, are derived from Hakluyt. 
 
 Reprinted in : 
 
 FOX (Luke) The voyages of Captain Luke Foxe of 
 Hull, and Captain Thomas James of Bristol, in search of 
 a north-west passage, in 1631-32 ; with narratives of the 
 earlier north-west voyages. . . . Edited, with Notes and an 
 
Cabot JSibliograpfis 1 3 1 
 
 Introdudtion, by Miller Christy — London^ Hakluyt So- 
 ciety, M.DCcc.xcvi. (356) 
 8vo. 2 volumes. 4 T ; pp v-xvi + ccxxxi + 681 + viii + 5 
 maps + 3 plates. 
 
 FRANKS (Augustus Wollaston). 
 See note to No. 237. 
 
 FREEDMAN (John J.). 
 
 See Truax, No. 553. Justice Freedman concurred in the 
 opinion of Justice Truax. 
 
 FUMAGALLI (Giuseppe) Bibliografia degli scritti italiani 
 o stampati in Italia sopra Cristoforo Colombo la scoperta 
 del nuovo mondo e i viaggi degli italiani in America com- 
 pilata da Giuseppe Fumagalli con la collaborazione di 
 Pietro Amat di S. Filippo — Roma M Dccc xciii. (358) 
 Folio. 2 T + pp vii-xxi + 217. 
 
 Part VI. in the Raccolta di documenti e studi pubblicati dalla R. 
 Commissione colombiana. 
 
 Giovanni Caboto, Nos. 1080-1093, pp. 169-171; valuable for 
 references to recent Italian publications. 
 
 GANONG (William Francis) The Cartography of 
 the Gulf of St. Lawrence, from Cartier to Champlain. 
 By W. F. Ganong. (359) 
 
 In the TransaSiions of the Royal Society of Canada, — Montreal, 
 1890, vii. seftion ii. 17-58. Also issued separately. 
 
 The discussion of the cartographical questions arising from a 
 study of the Cabot 154.4 map and other similar maps, pp. 35-37 
 and 43-49, is important for the identification of the Isle St. John 
 on the Cabot map with the Magdalene group. 
 
 GARDENER (Henry) New-Englands vindidation \_sic'\. 
 Shewing the Mis-understanding of the apprehension To 
 take all that vast Countrey under the Notion of a par- 
 ticular place of one Pattent of Boston, the Metro-politan 
 of the Machechusets there ... By Henry Gardener 
 Merchant, whose Fa-ther was one of the first Adventurers 
 thither, and into other parts of America — London, Printed 
 for the Authour, 1660. (360) 
 
 Small 4to. T + 1 1 + pp 1-8. 
 
 P. I : " To Answer such as say His Majesty King Charles has 
 
1 3 2 Cabot JSibliograpbs 
 
 no Title to that vast Empire,from New-found-land to Cape-Florida : 
 some such there be ; . . . Against all. His Majesties Right in 
 those parts, is I. By Discovery from Henry the 7th time, by Sebas- 
 tian Cabott, for which he had a Pentionof 200 Marks per annum." 
 There is a note to this " stumbling block of all historians " in 
 the Gorges Society reprint of this traft, edited by Dr. C. E. Banks 
 — Portland, Maine, 1884 : small 4.10, facsimile T -(- T -f- pp 5-83. 
 See p. 17 for references to Doyle, d'Avezac, Strachey and 
 Thevet. (361) 
 
 GAY (Sidney Howard). 
 
 See Bryant, No. 288, for " Bryant and Gay's Popular History," 
 a large part of which was written by Mr. Gay. 
 
 GEORGE (William) Sebastian Cabot and Richard Eden, 
 
 (362) 
 In Notes and Slueries, — London, 27 March, 1858, 2nd series, v. 
 263. 
 See Lucas, No. 439, and Markland, No. 455. 
 This communication was followed by a spirited controversy be- 
 tween Mr. George and Mr. Pryce, No. 498, in the Bristol news- 
 papers for March, April, and May, 1858, in regard to the evidence 
 that Sebastian Cabot was born in Bristol. (363) 
 
 GEORGE (William) The portrait of Sebastian Cabot. 
 
 (364) 
 
 In the Times and Mirror, — Bristol, 3 November, 1869. Re- 
 printed, with the omission of the writer's name and of the closing 
 paragraph which mentions the historical works of Mr. Biddle, in 
 the Daily Post, — Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, 18 December, 1869. From 
 this it was copied into the iKrforira/ Ma^azj»e for November, 1869, 
 2nd series, vi. 306-307. 
 
 This was apparently the iirst public announcement in England 
 of the destruftion of the Harford-Biddle portrait of Cabot, No. 61, 
 in 1845. 
 
 The discovery that the portrait of Cabot could hardly have been 
 painted by Holbein was largely due to the researches of Mr. George ; 
 see note under Nicholls, No. 468, 
 
 GEORGE (William) The History of the Portrait of 
 Sebastian Cabot. (365) 
 
 In the Transaaions of the Bristol and Gloucestershire Archso- 
 logical Society, 1879, iii. 19.21 + plate. The plate is an im- 
 pression from the original plate of Seyer's engraving from the 
 Harford portrait, see No. 522. 
 
 See note to Perry, No. 478. 
 
Cabot Biblfograpbi? 133 
 
 GODWYN (Morgan) Annales of England. Contain- 
 ing the Reignes of Henry the Eighth, Edward the Sixt, 
 Queene Mary. Written in Latin by the Right Honor- 
 able and Right Reverend Father in God, Francis Lord 
 Bishop of Hereford, Thus Englished, correfted and inlar- 
 ged with the Author's consent, by Morgan Godwyn — 
 London 1630. (366) 
 
 Small folio. T + 6 11 + pp 1.342. 
 
 Willoughby's voyage, set forth by " Sebastian Cabota a Portu- 
 gall," is described under 1553, p. 259. 
 
 GRAVIERE (JuRiEN de la). 
 
 See JuRiEN DE LA Gravi^re, No. 4.25. 
 
 GREENE (Jeremiah Evarts). 
 
 Mr. Greene's report to the American Antiquarian Society upon 
 the Cabots and the quadricentennial celebration at Halifax in 1897, 
 is in the Proceedings oi^zX^QCxtty iot 21 Oftober, 1897, — Worcester, 
 1898, 9-12. (367) 
 
 GRIFFIS (William Elliot) The Romance of Dis- 
 covery A Thousand Years of Exploration and the Un- 
 veiling of Continents by William Elliot Griifis — Boston 
 
 (368) 
 8vo. 2 T -(- pp 5-304. 4- plates. 
 
 Written at the request of his publishers in the year of the Cabot 
 quadricentennial. John Cabot, 105-111. 
 
 GRISELINI (Francesco). 
 
 The Venetian portrait of the Cabots, which is said to have been 
 painted by the Abbe Griselini in 1763, is mentioned in a note 
 under John Cabot, No. 20. 
 
 HAEBLER (Konrad) Die " Neuwe Zeitung aus Presilg- 
 
 Land" im Fiirstlich Fugger'schen Archiv. Von Dr. 
 
 Konrad Haebler. (369) 
 
 In the Zeitschrift der GeseUschafi fur Erdkunde zu Berlin, 1895, 
 
 XXX. 352-368. 
 
 Among the foreign ventures entered into by the commercial 
 house of the Fuggers, through their representatives in Spain, which 
 are described in this article, was Sebastian Cabot's Molucca (-La 
 Plata) expedition of 1526. Dr. Haebler quotes, p. 368, two sig- 
 nificant entries from the account books of the Fuggers, reading : 
 Sebastiano gabato Cosmographo hat ira Sebastian khurz gelihen, 
 
134 Cabot Bi&Hograpbg 
 
 dem er ain mappa mundi machen soUen, das aber nit geschehen, 
 noch wir solch geldt auf vnser vilfeltig fordern von jm einbringen 
 khunden, halten es fur verlorn. mrs. 2250. (3*9") 
 
 Seb. Gobeto cosmographo. Dafiir hat er inest ain carta de marear 
 machen solleii, so aber hernachmals nit beschehen, vnnd ist diser 
 jar in Engelandt zogen, wissen nit ob er noch beileben ist, odernit. 
 mrs. 2250. hat Jorg Stecher geliehen. (s^g*") 
 
 HAKES (Harry) John and Sebastian Cabot, a four 
 hundredth anniversary memorial of the discovery of 
 America, by Harry Hakes, M.D. . . . Read before the 
 Wyoming Historical and Geological Society, June 24th 
 1897. Prepared at the request and published by the 
 Society — Wilkes-Barre, Penn'a. 1897. (370) 
 
 8vo. Cover + T + pp 3-14. 
 
 HALE (Edvi'ard Everett) Report of the Council. 
 
 (371) 
 
 In the Proceedings of the American Antiquarian Society, 21 
 Oftober, 1865, — Cambridge, 1866, 14.-53. 
 
 " The influence wrought in English society and literature by the 
 discovery and first colonization of this continent ; " the Cabot dis- 
 covery, 19-30. 
 
 Dr. Hale first called public attention to the Fabyan Cromcon, 
 No. 105, in the Proceedings of the American Antiquarian Society 
 for 25 April, i860, 36-38. {TiT^) 
 
 HALE (Edward Everett) Remarks of the Rev. Edwrard 
 E. Hale on Mr. Bergenroth's Letter. (373) 
 
 In the Proceedings of the American Antiquarian Society, 24 
 April, 1867, — Cambridge, i?67, 38-42. 
 See note under Ayala, No. j'^. 
 
 HALIBURTON (Thomas C.) An historical and sta- 
 tistical account of Nova-Scotia, ... by Thomas C. 
 Haliburton — Halifax 1829. (374) 
 
 8vo. 2 volumes. T -(- pp iii-vi -)- 340 -)- viii + map -f 2 plates ; 
 T -|- pp 453 -|- iii -i- 2 tables -1- 6 plates + map. 
 
 An undated reprint, with the imprint Halifax, is said to have 
 been published in London, This edition contains 3 maps and 8 
 plates. 
 
 It is stated on pp. 2-5 that the Cabot landfall is generally sup- 
 posed to have been at Trinity Bay, Nova Scotia. 
 
Cabot Biblioarapbs 1 3 5 
 
 HALIFAX, NOVA SCOTIA. 
 
 The Royal Society of Canada held its 1897 meeting at Halifax 
 on June 21-25, in special recognition of the Cabot quadricentennial.. 
 The official report of this meeting is described below under Royal 
 Society, No. 510. The Halifax local papers, the Herald and 
 E'vening Mail, and the Morning Chronicle, gave extended and very 
 satisfaftory reports of the Cabot proceedings in their issues for 
 25 June, 1897, the first two making this a special Cabot number : 
 see Piers, Prowse, and Ross. The Herald report was reprinted 
 in the Proceedings of the Royal Society of Canada, 1897, xciii-ciii. 
 
 (375) 
 
 HAMERSLEY (J. Hooker) John Cabot, Discoverer of 
 
 the North American Continent. (37^) 
 
 In the Century Magazine, — Neiu York, May, 1897, liv. 154. 
 
 The writer of this " open letter " derived his enthusiasm for the 
 
 celebration of the Cabot quadricentennial from a comparison of the 
 
 1841 and 1862 editions of Bancroft, No. 248. 
 
 HANNAY (James) The history of Acadia, from its first 
 discovery to its surrender to England by the Treaty of 
 Paris, by James Hannay — St. Johns, N.B. 1879. (377) 
 
 8vo. T + pp iii-viii + 440. 
 
 The Cabot landfall is assigned to Newfoundland, 3-6. 
 
 HARFORD (Charles Joseph). 
 
 See notes under Cabot, No. 61, and Mathews, No. 456. The 
 latter volume contains, pp. 23-38, the verses written by Mr. Har- 
 ford to Sir Frederick Eden, as if from Sebastian Cabot, reciting 
 " What happened unto me," in response to which the original por- 
 trait was presented to Mr. Harford. (3 78) 
 
 HARRISSE (Henry) Bibliotheca Americana Vetustissima 
 a description of works relating to America published be- 
 tween the years 1492 and 1551 — New Tork, mdccclxvi. 
 
 (381) 
 4to. 2 T -t- 2 11 -1- pp Iv + 519. 
 
 " Several overlooked authorities concerning Cabot's memorable 
 voyage" are noted on pp. 59-60. 
 
 A supplementary volume has a title as above, adding : 
 
 Additions — Paris, m.dccc.lxxii. (382) 
 
 4to. 2 T -)- pp xl 4- 199. 
 
 HARRISSE (Henry) Jean et Sebastien Cabot leur 
 origine et leurs voyages 6tude d'histoire critique suivie 
 
136 Cabot Bibltogtapbi? 
 
 d'une cartographic, d'une bibliographic et d'unc chrono- 
 logic des voyages au nord-ouest de 1497 a 1550 d'apres 
 des documents inedits par Henry Harrisse — Paris 
 M.D.cccLxxxri (3^3) 
 
 Large 8vo. 2 T + pp 400 + map. 
 
 No. I in the " Recueil de voyages et de documents pour servir a 
 I'histoire de la geographie Depuis le xiii= jusqu'a la fin du xvi^ 
 siecle publie Sous la direftion de MM. Ch. Schefer et Henri 
 Cordier." 
 
 The map is in colours, from a facsimile of the Cabot 1 544 map 
 made by S. Pilinski. Measuring i5|X9-| inches, or 39 + 26.3 
 cmm., it gives about half of the North Atlantic, showing the 
 European and American coasts. 
 
 The introduflory text, which should be compared with No. 387 
 for an illustration of how the author's conclusions were modified 
 by further study and long-continued consideration of the real mean- 
 ing of the sources, is followed by : 
 
 Notes pour servir a une classification des oeuvres cartographique 
 de la premiere moitie du xvi^ siecle concernant I'Amerique septen- 
 trionale ; 139-252. Much of the information here given is not 
 repeated in No. 385. (383^) 
 
 Chronologic; 255-306. (S^S*") 
 
 Appendices, containing the original text of all the Cabot sources 
 of which Mr. Harrisse was aware in 1882 ; 309-366. (383*^) 
 
 Bibliographie. " Nous n'avons insere dans cette bibliographie 
 que les ouvrages : 1° concernant les Cabot ecrits par leurs contem- 
 porains ; z" consaeres exclusivement a ces navigateurs ; 3° conte- 
 nant des assertions ou des indications qui ne se trouvent pas ailleurs." 
 Arranged chronologically. (383'') 
 
 HARRISSE (Henry) Christophc Colomb son origine, sa 
 
 vie, ses voyages, sa famille & ses descendants d'apres 
 
 des documents inWits par Henry Harrisse — Paris 
 
 M.D.cccLxxxiv. (384) 
 
 Large 8vo. 2 volumes. 2 T + pp v-xi -f 459 : 2 T + pp 5- 
 
 605 + 3 plates -1- 2 maps + 5 tables. 
 
 No. vi. in the " Recueil de Voyages de MM. Schefer et Cordier." 
 " Priorite de la decouverte du continent . . . Les droits de Jean 
 Cabot," ii. 104-111, analyses the evidence for the dates 1496 and 
 1497. 
 
 HARRISSE (Henry) The Discovery of North America 
 a critical, documentary, and historic investigation, w^ith 
 An Essay on the Early Cartography of the Newr World, 
 including Descriptions of Two Hundred and Fifty Maps 
 or Globes existing or lost, construfted before the year 
 
Cabot Biblfograpbs 137 
 
 1536 ; to which are added A Chronology of One Hundred 
 Voyages Westward, Projefted, Attempted, or Accom- 
 pHshed between 143 1 and 1504; Biographical Accounts 
 of the Three Hundred Pilots who first crossed the Atlantic; 
 and a Copious List of the Original Names of American 
 Regions, Caciqueships, Mountains, Islands, Capes, Gulfs, 
 Rivers, Towns, and Harbours. By Henry Harrisse — 
 London^ Henry Stevens and Son, Paris, H. Welter, 1892. 
 
 (38s) 
 4to. 2 T + pp v-xii 4- 803 4- 23 plates. 380 copies issued. 
 "The First Voyageof John Cabot, 1497. The Claims of Sebas- 
 tian Cabot. The Second Voyage of John Cabot, 14.98-1499 (?)," 
 1-50. America believed to be distinft from Asia; opinions of 
 John Cabot, 107-108. Contemporary references to maps by John 
 Cabot, 406-408. Biographical outline of Sebastian Cabot's career, 
 706-708. Drapers' Companv accounts. No. 94, 747-750. 
 
 HARRISSE (Henry) Sebastien Cabot, navigateur vene- 
 
 tien. (386) 
 
 In Drapeyron, Revue de Geographic, — Pam, November, 1894- 
 
 March, 1895, xxxv. 381-388, 474-481, xxxvi. 16-23, 97-i°+j ^°°- 
 
 207. Also issued separately. 
 
 A review of Tarducci, No. 539. Signed B. A. V. 
 
 HARRISSE (Henry) John Cabot the discoverer of North 
 America and Sebastian his Son a chapter of the maritime 
 history of England under the Tudors 1496-1557 By 
 Henry Harrisse — London, B. F. Stevens, 1896. (387) 
 
 8vo. 2 T -(- pp v-xi -|- 503 4- 8 maps and facsimiles. 
 
 " Syllabus of the original contemporary documents which refer to 
 the Cabots, to their lives, and to their voyages, 1496-1557," 385- 
 469. 
 
 Reviewed in the Saturday Remeiu, — London, Ixxxi. 255-256, and 
 elsewhere as noted under the reviewers' names. 
 
 A translation into Spanish of the portions of chapters v.-xi. which 
 deal direftly with Cabot's La Plata expedition, by S^ Lafone 
 QuEVEDO, is described as No. 430*. 
 
 This work, the real culmination of Mr. Harrisse's Cabotian 
 studies, is not a history; it is rather a laboratory manual, in which 
 the student finds revealed each step of the processes through which 
 the material of history has been forced, in order that it might be 
 made to render up the truth which was concealed within it. The 
 subjeft is peculiarly suited to the method of treatment adopted by 
 Mr. Harrisse — a treatment peculiarly adapted to his personal strength 
 as an investigator of historical problems. His labours have been 
 
1 3 8 Ca&ot BibUoQvapbg 
 
 of inestimable service in making possible, by succeeding writers of 
 history, a charafterization of the work and the charafter of Sebas- 
 tian Cabot which shall be fair to human nature and true to the 
 fafls of history. His magnificent services as investigator and as 
 student have transformed one of the most perplexing problems of 
 colonial history into one of those most easily understood. 
 
 HARRISSE (Henry) When did John Cabot discover 
 North America ? (388) 
 
 In The Forum, — Neiu York, June, 1897, xxiii. 463-475. 
 Issued separately, with a postscript, as : 
 
 John Cabot's discovery of North America : the alleged date and 
 land fall. (388') 
 
 8vo. Cover + 14 pp. 
 Reprinted in : 
 
 HARRISSE (Henry) The discovery of North America 
 by John Cabot, the alleged date and landfall also the 
 ship's name, the " Matthew," a forgery of Chatterton ? 
 Third edition, revised and enlarged. — London, B. F. 
 Stevens, June 1897. (389) 
 
 izmo. T + pp 3-48 + 1 P- errata. 
 
 The first issue of this edition was suppressed, in order that the 
 mathematical correflions might be embodied in the text. It was 
 reprinted without the page of errata, but with a slip at p. 30. The 
 algebraic refutation was revised, enlarged, and completed in No. 
 393 : see notes under Dawson, No. 318, and the Rcvieijj of His- 
 torical Publications relating to Canada, — Toronto, 1898, ii. 32-4-3. 
 
 HARRISSE (Henry) John Cabot and the Matthewr. 
 
 (390) 
 
 In Notes and Slueries, — London, 26 June and 14 August, 1897, 
 8th series, xi. 501-502, and xii, 129-132. 
 
 The first of these communications was reprinted in No. 389, pp. 
 39-47. The second was issued separately, as : 
 
 HARRISSE (Henry) The date of Cabot's discovery of 
 the American continent, and an alleged forgery of Chatter- 
 ton. A rejoinder by Mr. Henry Harrisse — London, B. Y. 
 Stevens, 1897. (39°') 
 
 izmo. T + pp 3-12. 
 
 The other side of this controversy is described under Prowse, 
 Nos. 493-494, and Weare, No. 561. 
 
(Labot JSiblf ograpby 1 3 9 
 
 HARRISSE (Henry) S^bastien Cabot pilote-major 
 d'Espagne consid6r6 comme cartographe. (391) 
 
 In Drapeyron, Re'vue de Geograpkie, — Paris, June and July, 
 1897, xl. 401-4.08, xli. 36-4.3. Also issued separately. 
 See the note on the Cabot maps. No. 39*. 
 
 HARRISSE (Henry) S^bastien Cabot pilote-major 
 d'Espagne consid^re comme navigateur. (39^) 
 
 In Drapeyron, Re'vue de Geographic, — Parw, November, 1897, 
 xli. 321-335. Also issued separately. 
 
 This is a summary of Mr. Harrisse's latest conclusions respe£ling 
 the mismanagement of the La Plata expedition ; with translations 
 from portions of the Spanish documents which have not yet been 
 published. 
 
 HARRISSE (Henry) L'atterrage de Cabot au continent 
 americain. Par Henri Harrisse. (393) 
 
 In the Nachrichten of the Koniglichen Gesellschaft der Wissen- 
 schaften zu Gottingen, Philologisch-historische Klasse, — GSttingen, 
 1897, pp. 326-348. Also issued separately. 
 
 HARRISSE (Henry) The diplomatic history of America 
 its first chapter 1452-1493-1494 by Henry Harrisse — 
 London, B. F. Stevens, 1897. (394) 
 
 izmo. 2 T -}- map -(- 2 11 -(- pp 230. 
 
 The weak points in the evidence which has been said to show 
 that Henry VII. of England disregarded the supposititious papal 
 right to divide the world between Spain and Portugal, when Cabot 
 was commissioned in 1497, are noticed on pp. 45-48. 
 
 HARRISSE (Henry) Did Cabot return from his second 
 voyage.? (395) 
 
 In the American Historical Re-vie^iu, — Ne'vu York, April, 1898, iii. 
 449-455. Also issued separately. 
 
 An exami nation of No. 151, of vv hich it is said that it " strongly 
 tends to prove that John Cabot did return from his last voyage 
 before September 29, 1498, and that he was still living after the 
 latter date." 
 
 HARRISSE (Henry) The Outcome of the Cabot Quater- 
 
 Centenary. (39^) 
 
 In the American Historical Re'vietv, — Ne'w York, Oftober, 1898, 
 iv. 38-61. Also issued separately. 
 
 This is apparently the pamphlet announced in the list of Mr. 
 
140 Cabot 3BibUograpbs 
 
 Harrisse's publications at the end of No. 394, as "Reprint of an 
 article published in the North American Re'view." It is a char- 
 afteristic expression of his opinions, as drawn out by hisexamination 
 of the essays described under Dawson, Dufferin, Lodge, and 
 Markham. His survey of the whole question ends with the 
 declaration that "it is proved beyond cavil and sophistry that 
 Sebastian Cabot was only an unmitigated charlatan, a mendacious 
 and unfilial boaster, a would-be traitor to Spain, a would-be traitor 
 to England." 
 
 HARRISSE (Henry) The Cabots. (397) 
 
 In the Transaaiom of the Royal Society of Canada, — Ottwwa, 
 1898, 2nd series, iv. sec. ii. 103-106. 
 
 Notes addressed to the Royal Society of Canada in reflification 
 of some statements in papers contributed by Mr. S. E. Dawson, 
 Nos. 316-320 ; presented by Sir John Bourinot and read May 25, 
 1898. 
 
 HART (Albert Bushnell). 
 
 See No. 134; and Channing, No. 302. 
 
 HARVEY (Moses) The voyages and discoveries of the 
 Cabots, by the Rev. M. Harvey, of St. John's, Nevyfound- 
 land. (398) 
 
 In the CoUeBions, 1893-1895, of the Nova Scotia Historical 
 Society, — Halifax, 1895, ix. 17-37. 
 
 One of the earliest suggestions of the reasons for celebrating the 
 Cabot Quadricentennial. See the Proceedings of the Royal Society 
 of Canada, — Ottanua, 1895, xii. xvi-xvii, for an abstraft of Dr. 
 Harvey's letter advocating this celebration. A second letter, dated 
 5 May, 1896, is printed in the Proceedings, R.S.C., 1896, xiii. pp. 
 xxvi-xxviii ; see Dawson, No. 318, pp. ix-xi. (39^') 
 
 A Review of Dawson, No. 317, by Dr. Harvey, was printed in 
 the Gazette, — Montreal, 30 July, 1895. (399) 
 
 The " Address at the Laying of the Foundation Stone of the 
 Cabot Memorial Tower, Signal Hill, June 22nd, 1897, By the 
 Rev'd M. Harvey " was printed in the E'vening Herald, — St. John's, 
 Newfoundland, 25 June, 1897. (400) 
 
 HARVEY (Moses) Newrfoundland in 1897 being Queen 
 Vidtoria's Diamond Jubilee Year and the four hundredth 
 anniversary of the discovery of the Island by John Cabot 
 — London^ Sampson Low, 1897. (401) 
 
 i2mo. T -1- pp iii-xiv -1- 203 4- map -)- 24 plates. 
 
 Dr. Harvey was the author of a Text Book of Nfwfoundland His- 
 
Cabot Bibliograpbg hi 
 
 tory, published in Boston, 1885. This was revised and enlarged in 
 a second edition, A Short History of Newfoundland, — London and 
 Glasgotu, 1890. This was followed by Newfoundland as it is, 1894, 
 A handbook and Tourists^ Guide, — London, Kegan Paul, 1894.. Each 
 of these works contains various statements regarding Cabot's dis- 
 covery of the island. (401") 
 See Hatton, No. 403. 
 
 HASSALL (Arthur). 
 
 See note under Beazley, No. 257. 
 
 HATTON (Joseph) and HARVEY (Moses) New- 
 foundland The Oldest British Colony, its history, its 
 present condition, and its prospects in the future. By 
 Joseph Hatton and the Rev. M. Harvey, supplemented 
 by Artistic Contributions — London^ 1883. (403) 
 
 8vo. 2 T + pp v-xxiv + 489 + 8 plates. 
 
 A new edition was 
 
 . . . Reprinted from the English Edition j revised, correfted, 
 and enlarged — Boston, 1883. (404) 
 
 8vo. T + pp iii-xix + 431 +8 plates + map. 
 
 The account of the Cabot discovery, i-io, recognizes that all 
 doubts, so far as the supposed landfall on Newfoundland are con- 
 cerned, were set at rest by the discovery of the 1 544 Cabot map. 
 
 HAYWARD (Charles, Jr.) The School Library. Pub- 
 lished under the sanation of the board of education of the 
 state of Massachusetts, vol. v. Lives of eminent indi- 
 viduals, celebrated in American history — Boston^ 1839. 
 
 (405) 
 i2mo. 3 T -t- pp iii-xii -)- 380 ■{■ facsim. -I- Cabot port. 
 The "Life of Sebastian Cabot," by Mr. C. Hayward, 85-134, is 
 a summary of Biddle and Campbell. 
 
 HAYWARD (Charles) The Library of American 
 biography condudled by Jared Sparks, vol. ix. — Boston, 
 1838. (406) 
 
 izmo. 3 T + pp v-xii + 358 -)- facsim. 
 
 An engraved title has a portrait of Sebastian Cabot " From an 
 original Painting by Holbein. G. F. Storm, sc." 
 
 Reprinted, page for page, Neiu York, 1844, and, without the 
 engraved title, 1856. 
 
 The Life of Sebastian Cabot, by Mr. Hayward, is on pp. 90-162. 
 It is " an attempt to do justice to a man whose unobtrusive great- 
 ness has been studiously overlooked." 
 
142 Cabot Bfblfograpbg 
 
 HAZARD (Ebenezer). 
 
 Hazard's Historical ColleSlions, — Philadelphia, 1792, i volumes 
 quarto, are referred to in the notes to Henry VII., No. 136. 
 
 HELLWALD (Friedrich Anton Heller von) Sebas- 
 tian Cabot, von Friedrich von Hellwald — Berlin, 1871. 
 
 (407) 
 
 gvo. T + pp 3-43. 
 
 In the Sammlung gemein'verstdndlicher ivissenschaftlicherVortrage, 
 herausgegeben von Rud. Virchow und Fr. v. HoltzendorfF, vi. 
 series iv (cxxiv). 
 
 HERBERT (William) The history of the twelve great 
 Livery Companies of London ; principally compiled from 
 their grants and records. With an historical essay, and 
 accounts of each company, by William Herbert — London, 
 the author, mdcccxxxvii (-1836). (408) 
 
 8vo. 2 volumes. T + pp iii-xii + 498 + table ; T + pp 
 v-viii + 683. 
 
 The significant portions of the document described under 
 Drapers' Company, No. 94, were first printed, together with 
 some account of Cabot, in i. 410-412. 
 
 HESSELS (JoHANN Heinrich). 
 
 Hessel's bibliography of Ortelius is described as No. 181. 
 
 HIGGINSON (Thomas Wentworth). 
 
 Mr. Higginson's Book of American Explorers, — Boston, 1877, is 
 mentioned under Hakluyt, No. 133^. (409) 
 
 HILLIARD (George S.). 
 
 See note under Biddle, No. 262, for Mr. Hilliard's article on 
 Cabot in the tiorth American Remieiv, — Boston, April, 1832, xxxiv. 
 405-428. 
 
 THE HISTORY of the British dominions in North 
 America : from the first discovery of that vast continent by 
 Sebastian Cabot in 1497, '^° ''^ present glorious establish- 
 ment as confirmed by the late treaty of peace in 1763 
 
 London, mdcclxxiii. (410) 
 
 4to. T + 6 11 -[- pp 3-297 -I- 275 + map. 
 
Cabot JSibliograpby 14-3 
 
 HODDER (F. H.) The Expansion of the English Race. 
 
 (410*) 
 
 An intelligent review of Beazley's Cabot, No. 256. In The 
 Dial, — Chicago, 16 November, 1898, xxv. 342-343. 
 
 HODGES (Elizabeth) The Cabots and the Discovery 
 of America. With a brief description and history of 
 Brandon Hill, the site of the Cabot Memorial Tower. 
 By Elizabeth Hodges. Illustrated by S. Loxton — Bristol. 
 
 (4") 
 
 Small 4to. Cover + T + pp 3-32. 
 
 On p. 23 is the statement that Sebastian Cabot was the first to 
 introduce into England the Spanish praftice of sheathing keels with 
 lead. 
 
 HOPPER (Clarence) Sebastian Cabot, an episode in 
 his life. (412) 
 
 In Notes and S}ueries, — London, 15 February, 1862, 3rd series, i. 
 125. 
 
 The letters described under Edward VI., No. 102, and Charles 
 v., No. 71, was first printed in this communication. 
 
 HORSFORD (Eben Norton) John Cabot's Landfall in 
 1497, ^^^ ^^^ ^^^^ °f Norumbega. A letter to Chief-Jus- 
 tice Daly, president of the American Geographical So- 
 ciety. By Eben Norton Horsford, — Cambridge, 1 886. 
 
 (413) 
 
 4to. Cover 4- T + pp 3-42 + 2 plates 4- ^ maps. 
 
 On the assumption that Lok's map. No. 156, is " a sketch pro- 
 duced by John Cabot on his return from his voyage, early in 
 August, 1497, of what he observed between the morning of the 
 24th of June and the date of his departure from our shores," Pro- 
 fessor Horsford demonstrates that the landfall was on what is now 
 Salem Neck in Massachusetts Bay. 
 
 HOWLAND (Oliver Aiken) The fourth century of 
 Canadian history. By O. A. Howland, M.P. (414) 
 
 In the Canadian Magazine, — Toronto, January, 1895, iv. 199- 
 209. 
 
 HOWLEY (James Patrick) The Landfall of Cabot. 
 
 (415) 
 
144 Ca&ot JSibliograpbg 
 
 In the Bulletin-TransaQions, 1886-1889, of the Geographical 
 Society of Quebec, — Sluebec, 1889, i. 67-78 + 2 maps. 
 
 An effort to refute No. 41 3, and to locate the landfall on Lab- 
 rador. 
 
 HOWLEY (Michael F.) Cabot's Landfall. (416) 
 
 In the Magazine of American History, — Ne'W York, Oftober, 
 1891, xxvi. 267-288. 
 
 Astrongreply toNo. 415 and to Beaudouin, No. 255, in favour 
 of a landfall at Cape Bonavista. 
 
 HOWLEY (Michael F.) Cabot's Voyages. A kaure 
 
 delivered in St. Patrick's Hall, for the Athenaeum, St. 
 
 John's, Newfoundland, by the Right Rev. Bishop How^ley, 
 
 January nth, 1897. (417) 
 
 8vo. 2 T + pp 3-39 + map. 
 
 An argument in favour of a landfall at Cape St. John, supported 
 by the suggestion that Cabot sighted the southern point of Green- 
 land, following direffions received in Iceland. The ideas of Daw- 
 son appear to him " obviously absurd and impossible ... to people 
 bom with the 'nautical sense,' as we are here in Newfoundland." 
 
 The " Oration, On the Occasion of the Laying of the Founda- 
 tion Stone of the Cabot Signal Tower and Jubilee Memorial by 
 Right Rev. Bishop Howley " was printed in the E'vening Herald, — 
 St. John's, N.F,, 25 June, 1897. (4'8) 
 
 HUDD (Alfred E.). 
 
 Mr. Hudd's introduftion to "the Cabot Roll" is mentioned 
 under Kemys, No. 152. 
 
 HUGHES (Walter William) A short account of the 
 Cabots and the First Discovery of the Continent of 
 America. Compiled for the Cabot Celebration Committee 
 by Walter William Hughes, Member of the Bristol Town 
 Council — Bristol, 8th March, 1897. (4^9) 
 
 8vo. Pp. 1-8. 
 
 A very careful statement, unusually moderate for an avowedly 
 local essay, of the connexion between the Cabots and Bristol. 
 
 HUGUES (LuiGi) Le navigazioni di G. e S. Caboto 
 Memoria del Professore L. Hugues. (420) 
 
 In the Memorie delta Societa Geografica Italiana, — Rome, 1878, i. 
 pt, iii. 275-313. Also issued separately. 
 
Cabot Biblio0rapbp 145 
 
 A useful discussion of the idea that Cabot may have secured in- 
 formation or suggestions from the Iceland traditions. 
 
 HUMBOLDT (Alexander, Baron von) Examen cri- 
 tique de Phistoire de la geographic du nouveau continent 
 et des progres de I'astronomie nautique aux quinzieme et 
 seizieme siecles par Alexandre de Humboldt — Paris 
 i836(-i839). (421) 
 
 8vo. 5 volumes. T + pp iii-xxvii + 362 ; 373 ; 407; 336 ; 
 263 + 4 maps. Reissued, 1839, ^''^ 2 maps. 
 
 There are German editions, Berlin, i%i6{-s3.), and 1852: the 
 latter has a much-needed index. 
 
 The priority of Cabot's discovery of the American mainland is 
 noted, iv. 230-232, with a footnote containing " les documens les 
 plus importans pour I'histoire des deux premieres navigations de 
 Sebastien Cabot." 
 
 HUNT (William) Historic Towns — Bristol, by William 
 Hunt — London^ Longmans, 1887. (422) 
 
 8vo. 2 T + pp v-xiii 4- 230 -|- 4. maps. 
 The account of the Cabots, 126-135, follows Deane closely. 
 
 JIMENEZ DE LA ESPADA (Marcos) Relaciones 
 
 geographicas de Indias publicalas el ministerio de fomento. 
 
 Peru — Madrid 1893. (4^3) 
 
 Spanish folio. 2 volumes. 2 T + pp v-clv -1- 216 -{- clix ; 2 
 
 T 4- pp v-1 -f- 24.2 -1- clviii. 
 
 A footnote in vol. i., p. xxx, made known the reference to a map 
 drawn by Sebastian Cabot, No. 44.. 
 
 JONES (John Winter) Divers voyages touching the 
 discovery of America and the islands adjacent. Colledled 
 and published by Richard Hakluyt, prebendary of Bristol, 
 in the year 1582. Edited, With Notes and an Intro- 
 duction, by John Winter Jones, of the British Museum. 
 — London, Hakluyt Society, m.dccc.l. (424) 
 
 8vo. 2 T -t- I 1 -^ pp cxi + 171 +64-2 maps -)- facsimile. 
 
 See Hakluyt, No. 125. The editorial comments on Cabot's 
 writings are on p. Ivii, and on Biddle's striftures on Hakluyt, on 
 pp. Ixviii-lxxiii, Ixxxviii-lxxxix. 
 
 JURIEN DE LA GRAVli:RE (^ean Baptiste 
 Edmond) Les marins du xv" et du xvi' siecleparle vice- 
 amiral Jurien de la Gravi^re — Paris 1879. (425) 
 
 L 
 
146 Cabot aBfbliograpbs 
 
 8vo. 2 volumes. 2 T + pp 321 + Cabot map; 2 T + pp 
 3+4 + map. 
 
 La Mappemonde de Sebastien Cabot, i. 207-321, is the sub- 
 heading of part ii., which deals principally with the English dis- 
 covery of Russia. A portion of this part was printed in the Ri^vue 
 des Deux Monies, — Paris, 15 June, 1876, xv. 757-784, with the 
 heading : " Sebastien Cabot et Sir Hugh Willoughby." 
 
 KERR (ROBERT). 
 
 The title of Kerr's ColUSlion of Voyages, 1811-1824, is quoted 
 under Stevenson, No. 534. 
 
 KIDDER (Frederick) The discovery of North America 
 by John Cabot. A first chapter in the history of North 
 America. (4^6) 
 
 In the Neiu England Historic-Genealogical Register, — Boston, 
 Oftober, 1878, xxxii. 380-389. Reprinted separately, with a map. 
 Read before the Maine Historical Society, 17 February, 1874. 
 
 The Cabot 1544 map and PAsquALiGO, No. 183, persuaded 
 Mr. Kidder that Cabot circumnavigated Prince Edward Island and 
 followed the coast of the Gulf of St. Lawrence until he had ex- 
 plored 300 leagues, before he turned homeward. This theory was 
 made the subjeftof extended notices in the Boston daily newspapers. 
 
 KOHL QoHANN Georg) Die beiden altesten General- 
 Karten von Amerika. Ausgefiihrt in den Jahren 1527 
 und 1529 auf befehl Kaiser Karl's V. Im Besitz der 
 grossherzoglichen Bibliothek zu Weimar. Erlautert von 
 J. G. Kohl — Weimar, Geographisches Institut, i860. 
 
 (427) 
 
 Imperial 410. 2 T + pp v-x + 185 + 2 facsimile maps. 
 
 On pp. 146-151, Der La Plata-Strom, Dr. Kohl shows that 
 
 RiBERO in his 1529 maps used the information which Cabot sent 
 
 home to Spain in 1528 by the Trinidad; see the IntroduBion, p. 
 
 xxix. 
 
 KOHL QoHANN Georg) A descriptive catalogue of 
 those Maps, Charts and Surveys relating to America, 
 which are mentioned in Vol. IIL of Hakluyt's Great 
 Work, by J. G. Kohl — Washington 1857. (4^7*) 
 
 8vo. T + pp 3-86. 
 
 The references to maps made by the Cabots are discussed on pp. 
 11-16. 
 
Cabot 3Biblfograpbi2 147 
 
 KOHL (JoHANN Georg) Geschichte der Entdeckung 
 Amerika's von Columbus bis Franklin — Bremen 1861. 
 
 (428) 
 
 I zmo. T + 2 11 + pp 4.54. 
 
 Neues Ausgabe, — Leipzig, 1885. Translated into English by 
 Major R. R. Noch, — London, 1865 ; » volumes small 8vo. 
 
 KOHL (JoHANN Georg) Documentary history of the 
 state of Maine, edited by William Willis. Vol. L con- 
 taining a history of the discovery of Maine by J. G. Kohl 
 — Portland, 1869. (429) 
 
 8vo. 3 T + pp viii + 9-535 + 23 maps. 
 
 The second title is " A history of the discovery of the east coast 
 of North America, particularly the coast of Maine ; from the north- 
 men in 990, to the charter of Gilbert in 1578." 
 
 This volume has had a considerable influence in popularizing in 
 the United States sound scientific ideas regarding the proper methods 
 for studying the period of discovery. The Cabot voyages are dis- 
 cussed on pp. 121-163, the sources being interpreted under the in- 
 fluence of Humboldt. A careful study of the 1544. Cabot map, 
 pp. 358-377, leads to one of the earliest convincing expressions of 
 doubt about Sebastian Cabot's share in its construftion. An 
 appendix by M. d'Avezac, No. 243, replies to Dr. Kohl's very 
 able arguments against a 1494 Cabot voyage. 
 
 Dr. Kohl's narrative is condensed in Larnbd, History for Ready 
 Reference, — Springfield, Massachusetts, 1894, i. 51-54. 
 
 KOHL (JoHANN Georg) Geschichte der Entdeckungs- 
 reisen und Schiftfahrten zur Magellan's-strasse und zu 
 den ihr benachbarten Landern und Meeren von J. G. 
 Kohl— 5^r//«, 1877. (430) 
 
 8vo. 2 T -I- pp iii-xii + 177 + 8 maps. 
 
 Cabot's La Plata expedition is discussed on pp. 52-53. 
 
 LAFONE QUEVEDO (S. A.) El " Sebastian Gaboto " 
 de Henry Harrisse. (43°*) 
 
 In the Boletin of the Institute Geogrifico Argentine, — Buenos 
 Aires, 1898, xix. 3-34, 360-418. Also issued separately. 
 
 See note under Harrisse, No. 387. Sr. Lafone Quevedo trans- 
 lated the portions of Harrisse's work which relate to the La Plata 
 expedition, printing the documents in the appendix to No. 387, 
 besides adding notes and reftifications based upon an intimate 
 acquaintance with the localities visited by Cabot in 1526-1529. 
 
1+8 Cabot 3BfbUo0rapbB 
 
 These correffions made a material addition to the knowledge of 
 Cabot's itinerary during these years, and efFeftually supersede every 
 other account of that expedition. 
 
 LAMB (Martha Joanna Reade). 
 See the note under Truax, No. 553. 
 
 LAMBERT DE ST. BRIS (Thomas H.) Redifi- 
 caciones historicas (extrafto) viajes de Vespucio y Caboto. 
 America, nombre de origen indigena. El c^lebre y mas 
 antiguo conocido mapa de America de Juan de la Cosa — 
 Barcelona 1892. (43 1) 
 
 8vo. Cover + 2 T + pp iii-xxii + 5-27. 
 
 There is a curious illustration of the ease with which special 
 pleading can pervert the apparent significance of historical data, in 
 the paragraphs headed, " j Si existian pruebas de un viaje trasat- 
 lantico al xv siglo por Juan 6 Sebastiano Caboto ? " pp. 21-23. 
 
 LANZA (G.). 
 
 A letter, written in Venice, 29 March, 1876, concerning the 
 claims of Chioggia to be the birthplace of John Cabot, is noted 
 under BuLLO, No. 290^ 
 
 LARNED (Joseph Nelson). 
 
 The account of Cabot in the History for Ready Reference, from the 
 best historians, biographers, and specialists in the English Language, 
 edited by Mr. Lamed, —Springfield, Massachusetts, 1894, i. 51-54, 
 V. 3678, is from Bancroft, Deane, and Kohl. (a-?^) 
 
 LA ROQUE (Louis de) Armorial de la Noblesse de 
 Languedoc g6n6ralite de Montpellier par M. Louis de la 
 Roque — Montpellier {Paris) i860. (433) 
 
 Large 8vo. 2 volumes. 2 T -J- pp v-xxix + 560 ; xvi -J- 463 
 -\r plate. 
 
 In the account of the Cabots de la Fare et de Dampmartin, ii. 
 163-165, the family line is traced from the Anglo-Venetian dis- 
 coverer, through " Louis, fils de Jean, retire en France demeurant 
 a St. Paul la Coste, dans les Cfivennes . . . Sebastien mourut en 
 France sans posterite." The arms, " d'azur a trois chabots d'or," 
 with the device, semper cor caput Cabot, are the same as those of 
 the Cabot family on the Jersey Islands, from whom the New 
 England Cabots claim descent : see note under Lodge, No. 438. 
 These do not correspond with the motto on the Cabot portrait. No. 
 61. Mr. Harrisse describes his fruitless efforts to discover some 
 
Cabot JSibltograpbi? 149 
 
 trace of evidence to support the claims of the French or the Jersey 
 Cabots, in his Cabot, pp. 381-384.. 
 
 LATIMER (John) Bristol: its associations and surround- 
 ings, Historical, Literary, Scientific, Antiquarian, Social 
 and Commercial in connexion with the visit of the 
 British Association for the advancement of science, 1898. 
 Descriptive Text by John Latimer — Bristol. (434) 
 
 Oblong 8vo. Cover + pp 96. 
 The Cabots, 62-63. 
 
 LELEWEL (Joachim) Geographic du moyen age, etudiee 
 par Joachim Lelewel — Bruxelles, 1852. (435) 
 
 8vo. 4. volumes, with atlas. 
 
 Besides useful working engravings of the maps which suggest 
 the results of the Cabot voyages, there is a passing reference to 
 them, ii. 140. 
 
 LEON PINELO (Antonio de) Epitome de la biblio- 
 teca Oriental i Occidental, Nautica i Geografica. Por 
 el Licenciado Antonio de Leon Relator del Supremo i 
 Real Consejo de las Indias — Madrid^ m.dc.xxix. (436) 
 
 Small 4.to. T -1- 43 11 + pp 186 4- xiii. 
 A revised edition has the title : 
 
 LEON PINELO (Antonio de) Epitome . . . de Leon 
 Pinelo . . . coronista maior de las indias, anadido, y en- 
 mendado nuevamente . . . por mano del marques de 
 Torre-Neuva, su Secretario del Despacho Universal de 
 Hacienda, Indias, i Marina — Madrid^ m.d.cc.xxxvii. 
 
 (437) 
 
 Folio. 3 volurnes. T -|- 20 11 -}- columns (2 on each page) i- 
 536 -h pp 537-538 +11 539-561 + 53 llj.T (1738) + I 1 + col. 
 561-912 -)- 11 913-920 + Divxxi-Divxxxii ■\- col. 921-1191 + 11 
 1192-1199 + Mcc-Mccxxxviii J T -f 1 1 -1- col. 1200-1729 -)- pp 
 1-133. 
 
 See the note under Ramusio, No. 195'', for an account of the 
 references under Cabot's name, p. 45, 1629 edition ; i. col. 377, 
 1737 edition. The reference under Grajales is discussed in the 
 notes to Cabot, No. 56*. 
 
 LODGE (Henry Cabot) The home of the Cabots. 
 
 (438) 
 
ISO Cabot JSibliograpbg 
 
 In the Nineteenth Century, — London, May, 1897, ccxliii. 734-738. 
 Reprinted in the EcleSlic Magazine for June, 1897, and, in book, 
 form, in Lodge, Certain Accepted Heroes, — NeiAi York, Harpers, 
 1897, 189-200. 
 
 This is an effort to prove that " the strongest evidence we have 
 shoves that the men who gave England her title to North America 
 . . , sprang from those Channel Islands (Jersey) which have been 
 a part of Great Britain ever since William the Conqueror seized 
 the English Crown." Some of the curious inconsistencies in the 
 argument are pointed out in the Revietv of Historical Literature re- 
 lating to Canada, — Toronto, 1898, ii. 35-37; see also Harrisse, 
 No. 396. 
 
 LUCAS (Samuel) Sebastian Cabot. (439) 
 
 In Notes and Queries, — London, 6 March, 1858, 2nd series, v. 
 193-194. 
 
 This is one of the early declarations that Sebastian was a liar. 
 It is a continuation of a discussion as to his birthplace, previously 
 condufted through the Bristol newspapers ; see the references under 
 George, No. 362. 
 
 MACDONALD (William) The landfall ot Cabot and 
 the extent of his discoveries. (44°) 
 
 In the Proceedings of the Maine Historical Society, — Portland, 
 1897, viii. 416-426. 
 A very sensible statement, based upon Harrisse. 
 
 MACKINTOSH (Charles Herbert) Cabot and other 
 western explorers. By the Hon. C. H. Mackintosh, 
 Lieutenant-governor of the N. W. Territories. (441) 
 
 In the Canadian Magazine, — Toronto, December, 1896, viii. 150- 
 156. 
 
 MACPHERSON (A. C.) The Good Ship "Matthew" 
 or four hundred years ago. A Poem by A. C. Macpherson. 
 — Bristol. (442) 
 
 Small 4to. Cover -|- 2 T + pp 5-31. 
 
 MADERO (Eduardo) Historia del puerto de Buenos 
 Aires por D. Eduardo Madero. Tomo I. Descubri- 
 miento del Rio de la Plata y de sus principales afluentes y 
 fundacion de las mas antiguas ciudades en sus margenes — 
 Buenos Aires 1892. (443) 
 
 Large 8vo. T 4- pp 389. 
 
Cabot JSlblfograpbs 1 5 ' 
 
 This work, which was praised very highly by Spanish historical 
 writers at the time of its appearance, was privately printed by Sr. 
 Madero in an edition of'250 copies for private circulation. A new 
 edition is said to be in contemplation. The volume is reported to 
 contain a considerable number of new and important documents 
 discovered in the Archives of the Indies and other depositaries. See 
 Fernandez Duro, No. 348, and Freceiro in the Rcvista of the 
 Museo de la Plata. 
 
 MAINE HISTORICAL SOCIETY Cabot quadri- 
 centennial. Brunswick, Maine, Wednesday, June 23, 
 1897. (444) 
 
 In the Colle£lions and Proceedings of the Maine Historical Society, 
 — Portland, Oflober, 1897, vii. 337-454. 
 
 The papers read at this meeting are described under Baxter, 
 Black, Burrage, Macdonald, and Sewall. 
 
 MAJOR (Richard Henry) The life of Prince Henry 
 of Portugal, surnamed the navigator ; and its results . . . 
 a refutation of French claims to priority in discovery ; 
 Portuguese knowledge (subsequently lost) of the Nile 
 lakes ; and the history of the naming of America. From 
 Authentic Cotemporary Documents, by Richard Henry 
 Major — London 1868. (445) 
 
 8vo. 2 T + pp lii + 487 + 6 plates + 7 maps. 
 
 A second edition, rewritten and condensed, has the title : The 
 Discoveries of Prince Henry — London, 1877, pp xii + 3»6 + 11 
 plates and maps. 
 
 The sometime important problem of the priority in the discovery 
 of the American mainland is decided in favour of Cabot, p. 374. 
 The index refers to "John and his brother Sebastian." 
 
 Mr. Major's edition of Strachey, Virginia, — London, 1849, is 
 described as No. 214. 
 
 MAJOR (Richard Henry) Thetruedateof the English 
 
 Discovery of the American Continent under John and 
 
 Sebastian Cabot: a letter addressed by Richard Henry 
 
 Major to C. S. Perceval. (446) 
 
 In Archaologia, published by the Society of Antiquaries of 
 
 Z.o«^o», 187 1, xliii. 17-42. Also issued separately. 
 
 A discussion of Kohl and d'Avezac, No. 429. The wording 
 of the title probably explains why this essay is frequently referred 
 to as if it contained the first convincing suggestion that the figures 
 mccccxciiii on the Cabot 1544 map, No. SS^-5S% were originally 
 
1 5 2 dabot Biblf ograpbs 
 
 written in manuscript mccccxcvii with the lines forming the V not 
 joining at the bottom. 
 
 MARKHAM (Albert Hastings). 
 
 Admiral Markham's edition of Davis, Voyages and Works, — 
 London, i88o, is described as No. 87. 
 
 MARKHAM (Clements Robert) The voyages of 
 William Baffin, 161 2-1622. Edited by Clements R. 
 Markham. — London^ Hakluyt Society, mdccclxxxi. 
 
 (447) 
 8vo. s T + 2 11 + pp lix + 19a + port. + 5 maps. 
 " An excellent system of keeping log books, inaugurated by 
 Sebastian Cabot, was enforced by the Muscovy Company," p. xxx. 
 
 MARKHAM (Clements Robert) A life of John 
 Davis, the navigator, 1550- 1605, discoverer of Davis 
 straits. By Clements R. Markham. — London 1889. 
 
 (448) 
 8vo. 2 T + 2 II + pp 301 + 5 plates + 4 maps. 
 The reference to the Cabots on p. 15 affords an interesting illus- 
 tration of the difficulty experienced by the most thoroughly in- 
 formed students in avoiding the traditional errors of the Cabotian 
 legends. 
 
 MARKHAM (Clements Robert) Life of Christopher 
 Columbus. By Clements R. Markham. — London 1892. 
 
 (449) 
 8vo. 2 T -I- 2 U -f pp 375 ■\- 3 plates + 8 maps. 
 
 Cabot, 226-233. 
 
 MARKHAM (Clements Robert) Columbus, and the 
 Fourth Centenary of his Discovery. By Clements R. 
 Markham. (45°) 
 
 In the Proceedings of the Royal Geographical Society, — London, 
 September, 1892, xiv. 585-613 + portrait. 
 
 " The voyages of Cabot and Cortereal in their bearings on the 
 work of Columbus," 601-602. 
 
 MARKHAM (Clements Robert) The journal of 
 Christopher Columbus (During his First Voyage, 1492- 
 93), and documents relating to the voyages of John 
 Cabot and Caspar Corte Real. Translated, with Notes 
 
Cabot mUioQmpb'g i s 3 
 
 and an Introduftion, by Clements R, Markham. — London, 
 Hakluyt Society, m.'dccc.xciii. (45 i) 
 
 8vo. 2 T + 2 11 + pp liv + 259 + plate + 4 maps. 
 
 John Cabot, ix-xxii ; Sebastian Cabot, xxii-xliv ; Documents, 
 197-226. This is the standard coUeftion of English renderings of 
 the important Cabot documents. 
 
 See Dawson, No. 318, for the letter from Sir Clements Mark- 
 ham to Dr. J. G. Bourinot, dated London, 26 April, 1896, raising 
 " very solid reasons for a Cabot celebration " and showing that 
 " Cabot must therefore be considered to have been the founder of 
 British maritime enterprise." C+S^) 
 
 MARKHAM (Clements Robert) Fourth centenary 
 of the voyage of John Cabot, 1497. (453) 
 
 In ne Geographical Journal of the Royal Geographical Society, 
 — London, Jvne, 1897, ix. 604.-615 + map. 
 
 The discussion which followed the reading of this paper, 1 2 April, 
 1897, is described under Church, Payne, and Prowse. The 
 map of the North Atlantic by F. S. Weller, F.R.G.S., shows the 
 suggested routes of Columbus in 1492 and Cabot in 1497. 
 
 In 1893, Sir Clements Markharri considered that the north end of 
 Cape Breton was "exaftly the landfall the Matthew might be 
 expefted to make under the circumstances " existing in 1497. 
 Further consideration led him in 1897 to think that this, although 
 barely possible, was unlikely, and that " taking Soncino's account 
 of the voyage by itself, there can be no question that Bonavista 
 bay, on the east coast of Newfoundland, was the landfall.'' 
 Together, these essays present the best account of what was really 
 accomplished by the Cabots. 
 
 The relation of the Cabots to the general current of geographical 
 evolution, from an English point of view, is suggested in an essay 
 on the progress of discovery, by C. R. M., in the Encyclopadia Bri- 
 tannica, ninth edition, London, 1875, "^^ '^3; ^^^ ^'s° '^'''* 3'^- 
 The account of Sebastian Cabot, iv. 622-623, is not signed. (454) 
 
 MARKLAND (James Heywood) Sebastian Cabot. 
 
 (455) 
 In Notes and Siiuries, — London, z January, 1858, 2nd series, v. 1-2. 
 This is an abstraft of the documents discovered by Rawdon 
 
 Brown, and described as No. 18. See the note to George, No. 
 
 362. 
 
 MATHEWS (Edward Robert Norris) Cabot and 
 
 the story of the Harford Portrait. Edited by E. R. Norris 
 Mathews — Bristol, 1897. (456) 
 
 i8mo. Port. -(- T pp + 5-4-2. 
 
1 54 Cabot Biblfograpbg 
 
 This is an account, taken from a contemporary manuscript 
 calendar, of the curious circumstances by which the portrait de- 
 scribed as No. 6i, came into the possession of Mr. Harford, and 
 afterwards passed to Mr, Biddle. See the note. No, 378, under 
 Harford. 
 
 MEMOIRES DES COMMISSAIRES du roi et de ceux 
 de sa majest6 Britannique, Sur les possessions & les droits 
 respeftifs des deux Couronnes en Amerique ; Avec les 
 Aftes publics et Pieces justificatives. tome premier . . . 
 A Paris, de I'imprimerie royale. m.dcclv. 
 
 . . . Tome quatri^me, Contenant les derniers Memoires 
 sur I'Acadie, & un M^moire des Commissaires du Roi 
 sur risle de Tabago — A Paris, de I'imprimerie royale. 
 M.DCCLVII. (457) 
 
 4.to. 4 volumes. IV. T + 2 II + pp xxv + 654 + map. 
 
 The first three volumes were reprinted several times, in English 
 and in French, but the fourth volume does not appear in any other 
 edition. 
 
 In article xxiv of their reply to the defence offered by the French 
 Commissioners, the English representatives, Messrs. W. Shirley 
 and Wm. Mildmay, presented an extremely careful statement of 
 the ailual fafts obtainable in regard to the discoveries made by 
 John Cabot in 1497. In this historical statement, of which French 
 and English versions are printed on pp. 458-470, there is almost 
 nothing which has been proven to be untrue by the researches of Mr. 
 Harrisse and his predecessors, nor have many additions of material 
 importance been made to the fkSis therein set forth. In reply to 
 this, the French Commissioners, the Abbe de la Ville and MM. de 
 Silhouette and de la Galissoniere, on pp. 470-496, developed with 
 great skill the conflifting evidence which appears to show that 
 Sebastian was the real discoverer, and that absolutely no reliance 
 can with confidence be placed on the Cabot documents printed by 
 Hakluyt. Extrafts, in French, from Hakluyt, Ramusio, Gomara, 
 Wytfliet, and Martyr are appended, pp. 547-554. 
 
 This argument by a French diplomatist is, chronologically and 
 probably in faft, the beginning of the misunderstanding which for 
 more than a century confused everyone who undertook to study the 
 history of the Cabot discoveries. The English representatives in 
 1753 found no difficulties in arriving at what we now know to be 
 the fails about what happened in 1497. Their opponents, a6ling 
 well within their rights, applied the subtleties of controversial logic 
 to the sources of information ; and it has taken historical students 
 a hundred and fifty years to unravel the resulting tangle. The 
 theories advanced in this book quickly found their way into the 
 standard French works of reference ; the desire to refute these 
 
Cabot Bibliograpbs 1 5 s 
 
 errors led Biddle to write his great work ; the glorification of 
 Sebastian, as by Nicholls, was the natural outcome ; as natural a 
 reaflion drove Mr. Harrisse to the extremities of his efforts to dis- 
 credit Sebastian utterly ; the present volume is an effort to restore 
 equilibrium and set things right once more. See the IntrodttSiion, 
 p. xxxix. 
 
 MICKLE (Sara) The Cabot Calendar, compiled by Sara 
 Mickle assisted by Mary Agnes Fitz-Gibbon, with Draw- 
 ings by M. Cary McConnell, and Clara Fitz-Gerald. — 
 [Bristol.-] (457*) 
 
 MINERVA Storia degli Stabilimenti Europei in America. 
 
 (458) 
 In Minewa, ossia nuova giomale de' Letterati d'ltalia, No. 
 xxiv — Venetia, February, 1763. 
 
 Harrisse, No. sSs"", quotes this anonymous article as "cite par 
 M. Pasini," and adds, " Cf. le passage, p. 218, ' e costante fama e 
 indubitata che' egli (Sebast. Cabot) fosse Veneziano e di piii asserir 
 possiamo che esso naque a Castello.' " See Bullo, No. ago, p. 9 1 . 
 
 MINISCALCHI ERIZZO (Francesco) Le Scoperte 
 Artiche narrate dal Conte Francesco Miniscalchi Erizzo. 
 — Venezia 1855 (459) 
 
 8vo. 2 T -|- pp v-xvi -}- 644. -|- map -j- 2 plates. 
 See note under Biddle, No. 269. The account of the Cabots 
 is on pp. 123-133, 148-149. 
 
 MORCHIO (Danielle). 
 
 See DoNEAUD, No. 335, for one of the claims to the birthplace 
 of the Cabots, which is also considered in MoRCHio, // Marinaia 
 Italiano, p. 104, accordingto Harri&se, No. 383''. (+6°) 
 
 MORONI (Gaetano). 
 
 According to Harrisse, No. 383'', the work of Sig. Bullo, No. 
 290, was based upon an article by Sig. Moroni in the Annuale Veneta 
 istrutti'vo e dilette'-vole, — Venice, i786> (4^') 
 
 MOSES (Bernard) The establishment of Spanish rule 
 
 in America an introdudtion to the history and politics of 
 
 Spanish America by Bernard Moses — New York, Putnams, 
 
 1898. (462) 
 
 8vo. 2 T -)- pp iii-x -[- 328. 
 
' 5 6 Cabot BlbU ograpbs 
 
 There is a sketch of Cabot's La Plata voyage, derived from the 
 standard historical works on the Argentine Republic, on pp. i88- 
 191. 
 
 NAVARRETE (Martin Fernandez de) Coleccion 
 de los viages y descubrimientos, que hicieron por mar los 
 espanoles desde fines del siglo XV, con varies documentos 
 in^ditos concernientes a la historia de la marina castellana 
 y de los establecimientos espanoles en indias, coordinada e 
 ilustrada por Don Martin Fernandez de Navarrete — 
 Madrid, en la imprenta real, i825(-i837) (4^3) 
 
 4.to. 5 volumes. T + i 1 +ppcli + 455 + map 5 T -,-4.55; 
 T + XV + 642 ; xc + 416 ; T + SOI- 
 
 There are documents relating to Sebastian Cabot's Spanish career 
 in iii. 319, iv. 339-341; v. 333. 
 
 NAVARRETE (Martin Fernandez de) Disertacion 
 sobre la historia de la nautica, y de las ciencias matema- 
 ticas que ban contribuido a sus progresos entre los espanoles. 
 Obra postuma del Excmo. S''. D. Martin Fernandez 
 Navarrete : ha publica la Real Academia de la Historia — 
 Madrid 1846 (464) 
 
 8vo. 2 T + pp 5-421. 
 
 On p. 138 Cabot's career is cited in illustration of the manner in 
 which foreigners were drafted into the Spanish service. Lord 
 Ulibe (t.e. Willoughby) is referred to as " Milort Wlive." 
 
 NAVARRETE (Martin Fernandez de) Coleccion 
 de opusculos del Excmo. S"'. D. Martin Fernandez de 
 Navarrete ... la dan a luz D. Eustaquio y D. Francisco 
 Fernandez de Navarrete — Madrid 1848 (4^5) 
 
 8vo. 2 volumes. 2 T + pp v-xvi + 384 -(- 2 11 : 384 + i 1. 
 For Cabot, see i. 65-66. 
 
 NAVARRETE (Martin Fernandez de) Biblioteca 
 maritima espanola, obra postuma . . . impresa del real 
 orden — Madrid iS 51- (466) 
 
 8vo. 2 volumes. 2 T -}- pp v-xxxvii + 671 : 2 T + pp 784. 
 
 The account of Sebastian Cabot in this biographical diftionary 
 of Spanish seamen, ii. 697-700, was the main guide to his Spanish 
 career until supplanted by Harrisse in 1896. A note under 
 Ramusio,No. 195'', gives the history of an error which culminated 
 in this work. 
 
Cabot Bibliograpbs 157 
 
 NICHOLLS (James Fawckner) The remarkable life, 
 
 adventures and discoveries of Sebastian Cabot, of Bristol, 
 
 the founder of Great Britain's maritime power, discoverer 
 
 of America, and its first colonizer. By J. F. Nicholls, 
 
 city librarian, Bristol — London 1869. (4^7) 
 
 8vo. 1 T -]- pp v-xv -j- 190 -1- port. -J- map. 
 
 " He has studied so lovingly and so persistently that he has 
 
 (Sebastian) Cabotized all his surroundings." — Stevens, No. 532 : 
 
 see also d'Avezac, No. 245. 
 
 In a communication to the Bristol Times and Mirror, 25 Novem- 
 ber, 1869, Mr. Nicholls stated the evidence, suggested to him by 
 Mr. William George, No. 364, which showed that the Harford- 
 Biddle portrait of Cabot could not have been painted by Holbein : 
 see the notes under Cabot, No. 61, (468) 
 
 NICHOLLS (James Fawckner) Bristol past and pre- 
 sent by J. F. Nicholls and John Taylor — Bristol 1881 
 (-1882) (469) 
 
 4to. 3 volumes. 
 
 In this work Mr. Nicholls maintained his belief in a Cabot voyage 
 in 1494, stating that he thought it very likely that John Cabot may 
 have accompanied Sebastian in 1497 ; see i. 243, iii. 292-298. 
 
 NICHOLS QoHN Gough) Literary Remains of King 
 Edward the Sixth. Edited from his autograph manu- 
 scripts, with historical notes, and a biographical memoir, 
 by John Gough Nichols, F.S.A. Printed for the Rox- 
 burghe Club. — London mdccclvii. (47°) 
 
 4to. 2 volumes. 2 T -j- pp v-xiii -|- pp i-xx -j- xx^-xxz -|- i 1 
 -|- pp xxi-ccclx -|- 208 ; 2 T --|- 2 11 -j- pp 209-634 -[- I 1. 
 
 Mr. Nichols, on pp. clxxxviii-ix, made known the letter to Sir 
 Philip Hoby described as No. 102. 
 
 O'BRIEN (Cornelius) Presidential Address on Cabot's 
 Landfall. By Most Rev. Archbishop O'Brien. (470*) 
 
 In the Proceedings of the Royal Society of Canada, 1897, — 
 Ottanva, 1897, cv-cxxxix + 2 maps. Also issued separately. 
 
 With an audacity in conception and a hardihood in execution 
 quite as great as that which he so much admires in John Cabot, the 
 Archbishop of Halifax presents arguments which convince him 
 that " it is no longer a theory, it is a settled faft, that the landfall 
 was on Cape Breton Island . . . within the Gulf (of St. Lawrence) 
 and that Cabot sailed around Prince Edward Island, went north of 
 Anticosti for some distance, then turned and passed out of the 
 
158 Cabot BibUograpbs 
 
 Straits of Belle Isle." He does this, moreover, with a show of 
 reason and an array of proofs — relying solely upon the most funda- 
 mental sources of information, harmonizing the conflifting data 
 into perfeft agreement in support of the desired interpretation — 
 quite without parallel in Cabotian literature. A wonderful keen- 
 ness in surmise and in conjefture as to possible ways towards truth 
 renders this by far the most interesting, and perhaps the most sug- 
 gestive, of all the quadricentennial contributions. 
 
 A suggestion of considerable value, by which he undertakes to 
 eliminate Labrador and Newfoundland from the landfall claimants, 
 is that " Tanais," mentioned by Raimondo di Soncino, No. 190, 
 was the name applied by mediaeval cartographers to a prosperous dis- 
 trift frequently visited by Venetian and other Mediterranean traders, 
 situated on the north shores of the sea of Azov. Inasmuch as 
 Cabot " sailed beyond Tanais," his landfall must have been, by the 
 Archbishop's argument, south of its latitude, which is 48° n. on 
 the maps in the Ptolemy Geographies. Dr. Dawson, No. 319, 
 points out in reply that " in Ptolemy's atlas the great bend of the 
 Tanais is 4° 30 north of (the real latitude of) Bristol, thus exclud- 
 ing both Cape Breton and Newfoundland " in favour of Labrador. 
 
 Another achievement in this address is the discovery of John 
 Cabot's original sailing chart incorporated into the La Cosa map. 
 No. 84, with its coast line misplaced at right angles to its true di- 
 rection, and with no pretence of harmonizing Cabot's scale with 
 that of other portions of La Cosa's map. Archbishop O'Brien 
 deduces the true scale of Cabot's portion of the map, places this 
 coast in its proper position, and thereby reveals its astounding 
 accuracy in agreement with the most modern coast surveys and pilot 
 guides. He even succeeds in translating La Cosa's adaptations from 
 Cabot's descriptive names so that these harmonize with existing 
 local configuration and conditions. He finds that " Hakluyt may 
 have had reason to know that Enseada (Deseado) was the name of 
 a bay and river [see No. 114] . . . the name given by Cabot to our 
 noble Canadian river [St. Lawrence] the Desired." 
 
 The narrative of a 1556 voyage, described under BuRROUGH, 
 No. 18, is thought to be an aftual log-book kept by Cabot, which 
 had become confused with the records of some different expedition. 
 
 See the note at the end of Ramusio, No. 194. 
 
 OLIVEIRA E CASTRO (Luiz Joaquim de). 
 
 The Spanish version of Southev's Brazil, translated by Dr. 
 Oliveira e Castro, is described under No. 528. 
 
 PARISH (Woodbine) Buenos Ayres and the Provinces 
 of the Rio de la Plata : from their discovery and conquest 
 by the Spaniards to the establishment of their political inde- 
 pendence. With some account of their present state, 
 trade, debt, etc. ; an appendix of historical and statistical 
 
Cabot BibUoQrapbi5 159 
 
 documents ; and a description of the geology and fossil 
 
 monsters of the Pampas. By Sir Woodbine Parish. 
 
 Second Edition, enlarged. — London 1852. (471) 
 
 8vo. T + pp v-xlii + 434. + map + Cabot port. + 5 plates. 
 
 The summary of Cabot's South American exploits, pp. xxvi, 
 
 i-io, does not appear in the first edition, — London, 1838 j T + pp 
 
 iii-xxviii -(- 415 4. map + 5 plates. 
 
 PASINI (LuiGi) I navigatori al Polo Artico — Fenezia 
 1880. (472) 
 
 8vo. T + PP 22- 
 
 " Consists mainly of a translation from Cheney, 1855," No. 16 
 — from FUMAGALLI, No. 358. 
 
 PAYNE (Edward John) History of the New World 
 called America by Edward John Payne fellow of University 
 College, Oxford. Vo\.l.— Oxford l^^. (473) 
 
 8vo. 2 T 4- PP v-xxxi + 605. 
 
 The second volume appeared in 1899. 
 
 Mr. Payne, pp. 232-237, states that John Cabot was born about 
 1425, passed some time in Seville and Lisbon, and was at the head 
 of the navigator's profession in England in 1495, having been em- 
 ployed by Henry VII. in anegotiation with Denmark. He supposes 
 that Cabot departed from Bristol in 1496, spent the winter in Ice- 
 land, whence he started in the spring of 1497, by way of Greenland, 
 for the New Isle, a name which he thinks was already well known 
 and understood in England. Nothing is said of the possibility that 
 Cabot may have made a second voyage in 1498. 
 
 See the note under Church, No. 303, for an account of the dis- 
 cussion which followed the reading of Markham's Fourth Centenary 
 Address, No. 453. Mr. Payne concurred in the arguments of Colonel 
 Church, citing Gomara to prove that Cabot must have gone to 
 Iceland. (+74'') 
 
 Mr. Payne announced in the English Historical Re'vieiu, — London, 
 January, 1898, xiii. 181, that because he holds the views mentioned 
 above, he has " incurred odium and sustained some coarse personal 
 vituperation." See the note under Hart, No. 134. (4-74-'') 
 
 PED-LEY (Char-les) The History of Newfoundland 
 from the earliest times to the year i860. By the Rev. 
 Charles Pedley — -Xondon, Longmans, 1863. (4-75) 
 
 8vo. 2 T 4- pp v-xix + 531 + map. 
 Cabot, 4-10. 
 
 PEREZ PASTOR (Cristobal) Sebastian Caboto en 
 153371548- (476) 
 
i6o dabot Bibliograpbg 
 
 In the Boletin of the Real Academia de la Historia, — Madrid, 
 April, 1893, xxii. 3+8-353. 
 
 Four documents, described under Cabot, No. 38, and Charles 
 v., Nos. 68-70, were printed here for the first time, from copies 
 exhibited at the Columbian Historical Exposition held in Madrid 
 in 1893. 
 
 PERRY (William Stevens) The " American " ser- 
 mon preached in S. Paul's Cathedral, London, on Sunday, 
 July 4th, A.D. 1897, by William Stevens Perry — Pri- 
 vately Printed 1897 (477) 
 8vo. Cover + T -J- pp 3-16. 
 
 PERRY (William Stevens) In Honorem Bristoliensium. 
 
 The " American " Sermon ... by William Stevens Perry, 
 
 D.D. (Oxon.), l.Tu.T>.— Bristol, Old England: Printed 
 
 for Private Circulation. 1898. (478) 
 
 Small 4to. Cover + T -f- pp 3-19. 
 
 Reprinted by Mr. William George in recognition of the glovy- 
 ing account herein set forth of the far-reaching consequences of the 
 expedition of John Cabot and the merchants of Bristol. 
 
 PESCHEL (Oscar Ferdinand) Geschichte des Zeital- 
 ters der Entdeckung von Oscar Peschel — Stuttgart 1858 
 
 (479) 
 8vo. T + pp iii-viii -|- 681. 
 Sebastian Cabot, 274-282. 
 
 PESCHEL (Oscar Ferdinand) Geschichte der Erd- 
 kunde bis auf Alexander von Humboldt und Karl Ritter. 
 Zweite vermehrte und verbesserte Auflage herausgegeben 
 von Dr. Sophus Ruge — Munchen 1877 (480) 
 
 8vo. T -f pp 832. 
 
 This is volume iv. in the Geschichte der Wissenschaften in 
 Deutschland, Neuere Zeit, Herausgegeben durch die Historische 
 Commission bei der Miinich. Konigl. Academic der Wissenschaften. 
 
 Cabot, 287-319. 
 
 PEZZI (Carlo Barrera). 
 See Barrera Pezzi, No. 251. 
 
 PIERS (Harry) The Cabots and their voyages. Harry 
 Piers, Asst. Librarian, Legislative Library, Halifax, N.S. 
 
 (481) 
 
Cabot Bibliograpbg i6i 
 
 In Canadian History, Educational Review Supplementary Read- 
 ings — St. John, N.B., June, 1898, pp. 31-37. 
 
 An earlier article by Mr. Piers has the title : " The discovery of 
 the continent by John Cabot, The Man Who Has Been Largely 
 Lost in Obscurity, and Lies in an Unknown Grave. After Four 
 Hundred Years, His Name is Being Honored and His Great Deed 
 Recognized. Harry Piers Describes the Famous Voyage to the 
 New World, Analyzes Various Theories about the Landfall, and 
 Argues that the Honor is Enjoyed by Cape Breton." This ap- 
 peared in the Herald and the E'vening Mail, — Halifax, N.S., 5 
 June, 1897 ; The Witness, — Montreal, 7 June ; and in special Cabot 
 editions of the Halifax Herald and Mail for 25 June, 1897. (+82) 
 
 The article was illustrated by portraits and by large cuts of 
 " The Ship in which Cabot crossed the Atlantic " and of " The 
 ' Mappe monde ' of Sebastian Cabot, now in Vienna." 
 
 PINKERTON (John) A General Colleftion of the best 
 and most interesting Voyages and Travels in all parts of 
 the World ; many of which are now first translated into 
 English. Digested on a new plan. Byjohn Pinkerton — 
 London, Longmans, i8o8(-i8i7) (483) 
 
 4.to. 17 volumes. 
 
 Volumes xii-xiv, which relate chiefly to America, were reissued 
 in 1 8 19 with separate title-pages. The first six volumes were re- 
 printed in Philadelphia, 1810-1812. 
 
 The account of the Cabot voyages, xii. 158-161, is taken from 
 Campbell's edition of Harris, Na'viganiium Bibliotheca. 
 
 POPE (Joseph) The Cabot Celebration. (484) 
 
 In the Canadian Magazine, — Toronto, December, 1896, viii. 
 158-164. 
 
 A searching commentary upon the mutually destruftive declara- 
 tions presented by the various advocates for the quadricentennial 
 celebration. 
 
 PORTER (Edward Griffin) Report of the Cabot 
 
 proceedings at the Halifax meeting of the Royal Society 
 
 of Canada, June 21-25, 1897 (485) 
 
 In the Proceedings of the Massachusetts Historical Society for 
 
 Oftober, 1897, — Boston, iSgg, 2nd series, xii. pp. 2-9. Also issued 
 
 separately, 8vo, pp. 10. 
 
 Mr. Porter's report on his trip to Halifax, presented to the 
 American Antiquarian Society, is in the Proceedings of that Society 
 for 21 Oftober, 1897, — Worcester, 1898, new series, xii. pp. 12-14. 
 
 (486) 
 
 M 
 
1 62 eabot JSibltograpbB 
 
 PORTER (Edward Griffin) The Cabot celebrations 
 of 1897 (487) 
 
 In the Neixj England Magaxine, — Boston, February, 1898, xvii. 
 653-671. Also issued separately. 
 
 A comprehensive account of the proceedings in honour of the 
 Cabot quadricentennial, at Halifax, Bristol, St. John's, N.F., and 
 elsewhere, and of the various attendant discussions. Several of the 
 illustrations are not easily accessible elsewhere. 
 
 An interesting autograph letter from Henry VII. to Philip of 
 Burgundy, King of Castile, dated at Richemont xxiii Juliet (prob- 
 ably in 1506), is reproduced in facsimile, with transcription and 
 translation, pp. 668-669. It contains no reference to Cabot. (488) 
 
 PORTO SEGURO (Baron de). 
 See Varnhagen, No. 559. 
 
 PRINCE (Thomas). 
 
 A reference to Cabot in The Ckronolog'ual History cf Ne=w England, 
 — Boston, 1736, is mentioned in a note under Hakluyt's Galvano, 
 No. 115. (+89) 
 
 PROWSE (Daniel Woodley) History of Newfound- 
 land from the English, Colonial, and Foreign Records by 
 D. W. Prowse. With a prefatory note by Edmund Gosse 
 — London, Macmillan, 1895 (49°) 
 
 8vo. T -t- pp iii-xxiii + 742 + map + 35 plates. 
 
 Second edition, 1896 : T -1- pp iii-x ■\- 634 + map + 5 plates. 
 
 Judge Prowse contends that tradition. Mason's map. No. 170, 
 and the faft that Cape Bonavista is still the land ordinarily sighted 
 first by sailing vessels approaching America from Northern Europe, 
 combine to prove that this point was Cabot's " first land seen : " 
 pp. 4-17. Judge Prowse has rendered aservice of the utmost value 
 in presenting the documentary evidence which proves the great im- 
 portance of English interests upon the fishing banks at a very early 
 period. 
 
 PROWSE (Daniel Woodley) The Discovery of New- 
 foundland by John Cabot in 1497 (49i) 
 
 In the Royal Gazette, — St. John's, Newfoundland ; The Week,— 
 Toronto; and the Chronicle, — Halifax, June and July, 1897. Also 
 printed separately, 8vo, pp. 11. 
 
 A comparison of the aftual distances with those reported by 
 Cabot in 1497 convinces Judge Prowse that Cabot landed at Bona- 
 vista and circumnavigated Newfoundland, thus establishing its 
 claim to be the " New Isle." 
 
Cabot Bibliograpbs 163 
 
 PROWSE (Daniel Woodley) Cabot's Landfall. The 
 Claims of Newfoundland Stoutly Defended, and those of 
 Cape Breton Strongly Contested. Vigorous Criticism of 
 the Views of Archbishop O'Brien and Mr. Harry Piers. 
 Appeal to History to Support the Ancient Colony's Claims 
 to the Landfall. By Judge Prowse, St. John's, New- 
 foundland. (492^) 
 In the Morning Chronicle, — Halifax, 7 August, 1897. 
 
 PROWSE (G. R. F.) John Cabot and the Matthew. 
 
 (493) 
 In Notes and Slueries, — London, 11 September, 1897, 8th series, 
 xii. 108-210. 
 Reprinted as : 
 
 PROWSE (G. R. F.) The voyage of John Cabot in 
 1497 to North America the time occupied in coasting 
 also the island of St. John. Mr. G. R. F. Prowse's further 
 reply to Mr. Henry Harrisse. — Bradford: Privately printed 
 for the author, 1 897. (494) 
 
 8vo. T + pp 3-7. 
 
 Mr. Prowse's previous communication is noted under Weare, 
 No. 561. (4.94.») 
 
 In the Canadian Gazette for 26 November, J896, Mr. Prowse 
 suggested a lighthouse or other landmark on Cape Race as the 
 most suitable memorial of the Cabot anniversary, upon a location 
 which would not arouse contentious disputes in regard to the land- 
 fall. (495) 
 
 Mr. Prowse opened the discussion of Markham's Cabot cen- 
 tenary address, No. 45 3, suggesting that a cove now Icnown as Keels, 
 in Bonavista Bay, Newfoundland, may have been the spot where 
 Cabot's Mattheiv first grated upon an American beach, just as 
 "King's Cove is evidently where an English standard was set up," 
 and " Castileon is possibly the old name of the place now known as 
 Castle Bay, and may refer to the island given to Castiglione, Cabot's 
 barber." — Geographical Journal, — London, June, 1897, ix, 615-616. 
 
 (496) 
 
 PROWSE (G. R. F.) [Cabot to Champlain— a carto- 
 logical determination of the English, French & Iberian 
 discoveries between Labrador and Maine, 1497-1633. by 
 G. R. F. Prowse. Illustrated by facsimile and sketch 
 maps — London, Henry Stevens Son and Stiles.] (In pre- 
 paration for the Press.) (497) 
 
»6+ Cabot Bibliograpbs 
 
 Large 8vo. (About 400 pp.) 
 
 This work is designed to be an elaborate analytical study of the 
 maps representing Newfoundland and its neighbourhood. 
 
 PRYCE (George) Sebastian Cabot. (498) 
 
 In Notes and Queries, — London, 20 February, 1858, 2nd series, v. 
 
 An attack on the evidence which assigns a birthplace in Bristol 
 to Sebastian Cabot. See note under George, No. 363. 
 
 PRYCE (George) Faca versus Fidion. A Descent 
 among writers on Bristol History and Biography, &c. 
 — Bristol 1858. (499) 
 
 izmo. T + pp 3-109. 
 
 On pp. 91-92 there is an account of the tradition which claims 
 that the "Dun cow's rib" preserved in the parish church of St. 
 Mary RedclifFe at Bristol, was the rib of a cow whale, which was 
 brought to England from America by Sebastian Cabot. 
 
 PRYCE (George) A Popular History of Bristol, anti- 
 quarian, topographical, and descriptive, from the earliest 
 period to the present time, with biographical notices of 
 eminent natives and residents, impartially written — Bristol 
 i86r. (500) 
 
 8vo. T + pp iii-xviii + 622. 
 
 The reasons for believing that Sebastian Cabot was bom in 
 Venice and not in Bristol are on pp. 552-553. The story of the 
 Dun cow's rib is on p. 370. 
 
 QUARITCH (Bernard). 
 
 See the note 174* under Mohneux. 
 
 ROMAGNOSI (GiAN-DoMENico) Memoria intorno a 
 Sebastiano Cabota, cui si e aggiunto un' occhiata sulla 
 storia delle scoperte marittime e dei document! estratti 
 dagli Archivi d'Inghilterra, e pubblicato per la prima volta. 
 Londra 1831. (502) 
 
 In the Annali uni'versali di statistica, economia pubblica, storia, 
 •viaggi e commercio, — Milan, July-September, 1832, xxxiii. 62-72. 
 Title from Fumagalli, No. 358. 
 
 REUMONT (Alfred Von) I due Caboto cenni storico- 
 critici di Affredo Reumont — Firenze 1880. (S03) 
 
Cabot Bibliograpbg 165 
 
 8vo. T + pp 3-11. 
 
 A discussion of Pasini, No. 472, with comments on the divergent 
 ideas advanced by modem writers respefting the Cabots, and with 
 suggestive references to the Continental literature. 
 
 RICCI (Giovanni) Giovanni Caboto Quarto centenario 
 dcUa scoperta del continente Nord-Americano (S04) 
 
 In the BaUettina oit\ie Societa Geografica Italiana,— i?o«a, 1897, 
 iii. series (anno xxxi, vol. xxxiv), x. 224.-235, 270-285 -|- map -J- 
 portrait. 
 
 An admirable account of the exercises at Halifax, and of the 
 latest ideas concerning the Cabots. 
 
 RICCI (Giovanni) Per Giovanni e Sebastiano Caboto 
 
 {SOS) 
 
 In the Giornale Ligustico, July-Oftober, 1897, xxii. fasc. 7-10. 
 (C. E. See note. No. 34.3".) 
 
 ROBINSON (Conway) An account of discoveries in 
 the west until 15 19, and of voyages to and along the 
 Atlantic coast of North America, from 1520 to 1573. 
 Prepared for " The Virginia Historical and Philosophical 
 Society " by Conway Robinson — Richmond 1848 (506) 
 
 8vo. T -f pp iii-xv + 4.91. 
 
 There is an attempt to reconcile the conflifling dates 14.97 and 
 14.98 by an exposition of the changes in the calendar since that 
 time, on pp. 81-93. 
 
 ROSS (William) One Hundred Years Ago. The Pro- 
 posed Cabot Celebration. Was Cape Breton His First 
 Landing Place in North America ? Authorities Quoted. 
 By Hon. Wm. Ross. (507) 
 
 In the Morning Chronicle, — Halifax, 1 and 4 January, 1897. 
 
 An examination of Dr. Dawson's 1894 sketch of the 1544 map 
 enabled Mr. Ross to " trace with the greatest certainty the coast 
 line as laid down with wonderful accuracy from Ingonish to Cape 
 North. . . . The faft of the sailor being at the mast head at the 
 early hour of 5 a.m. proves that they expefted to sight land and 
 they were looking for it in the right direftion." The landfall is 
 located at Sugar Loaf, near Cape North, Cape Breton Island. 
 
 ROUX DE ROCHELLE Dissertation sur les voyages 
 de S6bastien Cabot, par M. Roux de Rochelle. (508) 
 
» 66 CaBot 3Bil)Iiograpbs 
 
 In the Bulletin de la Societe de Geographic, — Parii, April, 1832, 
 xvii. 197.217. 
 
 Based upon Biddle. 
 
 ROYAL SOCIETY OF CANADA Memoires et 
 comptes rendus . . . Proceedings and Transadlions of 
 the Royal Society of Canada second series volume iii 
 meeting of June 1897 — Ottawa 1897 (5^9) 
 
 Large 8vo. 2 T -j- pp 5 -|- cxciii -|- 133 -|- 45° + 77 "H 2" 
 -j- 5 maps. 
 
 The Cabot Celebration, xx-xxvi, xciii-cxciii ; see also Barker, 
 Davies, Dawson, O'Brien, Porter, and Thacher. 
 
 Various essays in other volumes of the Memoires . . . and Trans- 
 ailions are described under Bourinot, Fleming, Ganong, 
 Harrisse, No. 397, and Harvey. 
 
 RUGE (SoPHUs) Geschichte des Zeitalters der Entdeck- 
 ungen. Von Dr. Sophus Ruge — Berlin 1881. (51 1) 
 
 8vo. 2 T -|- pp 54.2 -|- 10 maps -{-12 plates. 
 
 In the Allgemeine Geschichte in Einzeldarstellungen, herausge- 
 geben von Wilhelm Oncken, ix. 
 
 The account of Cabot's search for the north-west passage is based 
 on Harrisse, No. 383, — Paris, 1882 ; despite the testimony of the 
 imprints. 
 
 An Italian translation is reported : 
 
 St9ria dell' epoca delle scoperta . . . trad, del Prof. D. Valbusa, 
 —Milano, Vallardi, 1886. (5'2) 
 
 T-I-PP651. 
 
 This forms one of a series of translations from Oncken. 
 
 RUGE (Sophus) Die Entdeckungs-geschichte der neuen 
 Welt. Von Prof. Dr. Sophus Ruge. (S^S) 
 
 In the Hamburgische Festschrift zur Erinnerung an die Entdeckung 
 Amerika's. Herausgegeben vom Wissenschaftlichen Ausschuss des 
 Komites fur die Amerika-feier, — Hamburg, 1892 ; i. 1-132, 4to. 
 
 Sebastian Cabot is credited with a voyage to America in 1503, 
 pp. 60-64.. 
 
 RUGE (Sophus) Die Entwickelung der Kartographie 
 von Amerika bis 1570. Festschrift zur 400-jahrigen 
 Feier der Entdeckung Amerikas von Dr. Sophus Ruge 
 Mit 32 Kartchen auf 2 Tafeln. — Gotha : Justus Perthes. 
 1892. (514) 
 
 4.to. 2T-j-pp85-|-2 plates. 
 
Cabot JSibUograpbs 167 
 
 Erganzungsheft Nr. 106 zu Dr. A. Petermanns Mitteilungen aus 
 Justus Perthes' Geographischer Anstalt. Herausgegeben von Prpf. 
 Dr. A. Supan. 
 
 See the note to Desliens, No. 93. The Cabot 1544 map is 
 described on pp. 66-67. 
 
 RUGE (SoPHUs) Die Entdeckung Nordamerikas durch 
 Giovanni Caboto im Sommer 1497. ^°" Sophus Ruge. 
 Dresden, (5^S) 
 
 In Globus, 1897, Ixxii. pp. 1-3. Also issued separately. 
 
 Professor Ruge's edition of Peschel is described as No. 480. 
 
 RUNDALL (Thomas) Narratives of voyages towards 
 the north-west, in search of a passage to Cathay and India. 
 1496 to 1631. With seleftions from the early records of 
 the honourable the East India Company ... by Thomas 
 Rundall — London, the Hakluyt Society, m.dccc.xlix. 
 
 (5 16) 
 
 8vo. 2 T -)- pp vi -f- XX -)- 259 -|- z maps -\- plate. 
 The voyage of Sebastian Cabota, 1496, is paraphrased frrm 
 Hakluyt, pp. 3-6. 
 
 RUSSELL (Herbert) The Coming of Cabot. Story of 
 the Intrepid Voyageur Who Came to America Four 
 Hundred Years Ago and Whose Memory Halifax Honors 
 Today. First European Who Landed on the Cape Breton 
 Coast Historically Proved to be the Discoverer of the 
 Continent. (S^?) 
 
 In the E'vening Echo, — Halifax, 24 June, 1897. 
 
 SABIN (Joseph). 
 
 The collations and descriptions in A DiSlionary of Booh relating 
 to America, — Nenu York, i868(-i89z), are referred to in the notes 
 under Eden, Gomara, Hakluyt, Herrera, Martyr, Orte- 
 Lius, Oviedo, Purchas, Ramusio, and Ruysch. The editorial 
 work has been in the hands of Mr. Wilberforce Eames, now 
 Keeper of Printed Books in the New York Public Library, since 
 Mr. Sabin's death. (Si8) 
 
 ST. JOHN'S, NEWFOUNDLAND. 
 
 The speeches at the laying of the comer stone of the Cabot 
 Memorial Tower on Signal Hill, St. John's, N.F., are mentioned 
 under Harvey, Howley, and Thorburn. 
 
1 68 Cabot 3BibUograpbs 
 
 A Cabot Souvenir Number, with headlines "Jubilee Souvenir 
 Number," was published by Devine and O'Mara, St. Johiis, N.F., 
 "at the request of a number of sporting gentlemen and friends 
 generally," containing a report of the anniversary proceedings on 
 June 2Z-25, a poem by Isabella, "John Cabot's Discovery," and 
 short stories by H. W. Le M. and C. O'Neill Conroy, based upon 
 supposititious Cabotian events. So far as has been learned, this is 
 the first deliberate use of Cabot in avowed fiftion. (s^s) 
 
 SCHANZ (Georg) Englische Handelspolitik gegen Ende 
 des Mittelalters mit besonderer Beriicksichtigung der Zeit- 
 alters der beiden ersten Tudors Heinrich VII. und Hein- 
 rlch VIII. von Dr. Georg Schanz — Leipzig 1881. (520) 
 
 8vo. 2 volumes, z T -{- pp v-xix -|- 684 ; xv -(- 672. 
 
 The account of Cabot, i. 315-320, is based on Hellwald, No. 
 407, and is supplemented by an Excurs iiber die angebliche Ent- 
 deckungsfahrt Sebastian Cabots im Jahre 1517, i. 677-680. 
 
 SCOTT (Edward). 
 
 See Kemys, No. 152, for the translation of "the Cabot Roll " 
 by the Keeper of Manuscripts in the British Museum. 
 
 SEWALL (John Smith) The value and significance of 
 Cabot's discovery to the world. By Prof. John S. Sewall. 
 
 (521) 
 In the Proceedings of the Maine Historical Society, — Portland, 
 1897, viii. 427-438. 
 
 A clerical and pifluresque account of certain possible trains of 
 events which might have resulted if Cabot had not sailed west- 
 ward in 1497 and if in consequence Europeans had continued in 
 absolute ignorance of the existence of Northern America. 
 
 SEYER (Samuel) Memoirs historical and topographical 
 of Bristol and it's neighbourhood, from the earliest period 
 down to the present time. By the Rev** Samuel Seyer — 
 Bristol i82i(-i823) (522) 
 
 4to. 2 volumes. 2 T -f- PP 5-53S + 7 + '''^ + '^ ' plates ; 
 601 -f- 9 -l" ' 1 -f" 15 plates. 
 
 The account of Cabot is in volume ii. 208-210 ; see note to 
 Cabot, No. 61. 
 
 SHIPLEY (John B. and Marie A., formerly Brown) 
 The English rediscovery and colonization of America by 
 John B. and Marie A. Shipley. — London. (523) 
 
Cabot aBibllograpbg 169 
 
 8vo. T -j-pp iii-xvi + 151. 
 
 An effort to counteraft the popular tendency to ascribe all the 
 credit of American discovery to Columbus. 
 
 SHIPLEY (John B.) Bristol in the time of Cabot. (524) 
 
 In Harpers Magazine, — i^ew York, February, 1893, Ixxxvi. 
 (European edition, xxv), 428-438. 
 
 The illustrations were selefted by Mr. L. Acland Taylor of 
 Bristol. ^ ^ 
 
 SMITH (Charles Card). 
 
 See the note under Cabot, No. 55", for Mr. Smith's part in the 
 publication of the legends from the Cabot 1544 map in the Pro- 
 ceediags of the Massachusetts Historical Society, 12 February, 1891, 
 2nd series, vi. 305-339. 
 
 SMITH (George) John Cabot (524*) 
 
 An occasional poem, in the Western Daily Press — Bristol, 24 
 June, 1897. 
 
 SOCIETA GEOGRAFICA ITALIANA Studj biblio- 
 grafici e biografici sulla storia della geografia in Italia pubbli- 
 cati per cura della Deputazione Ministeriale instituita presso 
 la Societa Geografica Italiana — Roma 1875. i.S'^S) 
 
 Large 8vo. 2 T -|- pp vii-xvi •}- a-i ■\- i \ ■\- 510 -{- 9 maps. 
 A useful list of authorities is appended to the account of the 
 Cabots, 100-105. 
 
 SOCIETA GEOGRAFICA ITALIANA TerzoCon- 
 greso geografico internazionale Tenuto a Venezia dal 15 
 al 22 Settembre 188 1 — Roma, la Societa, mdccclxxxii. 
 
 (526) 
 
 Large 8vo. 2 volumes. 
 
 There is a report of the exercises and speeches at the unveiling 
 of busts to Fra Mauro and John Cabot in i. 33-37 ; see No. 529. 
 
 SOLIMBERGO (Giovanni). 
 
 The speech of the Consul General of Italy at Halifax, represent- 
 ing the Italian Geographical Society, at the Cabot meeting of the 
 Royal Society of Canada, Halifax, 24 June, 1897, is in the Pro- 
 ceedings of that meeting. No. 509, pp. c-cii. An Italian version was 
 printed in the BoUettino of the Societa Geografica Italiana, 3rd series, 
 x. 285-287. (527) 
 
17° Cabot 3BlbHograpbs 
 
 SOUTHEY (Robert) History of Brazil: by Robert 
 Southey. Part the First — London^ Longmans, 1810. 
 
 (528) 
 
 4to. T + pp iii-xvi + 659. 
 
 Volume ii., 1817 ; iii., 18 19. There is a Spanish edition, trans- 
 lated by Dr. L. J. de Oliveira e Castro, with notes by Dr. J. C. 
 Fernandez Pinheiro ; 6 volumes, 8vo, — Rio de "Janeiro (Paris 
 printed) 1862. 
 
 The account of Cabot's voyage along the coast of Brazil to La 
 Plata, i. 51-57, gives an excellent idea of what could safely be 
 deduced from the historical evidence available at the beginning of 
 the nineteenth century. 
 
 SPARKS (Jared). 
 
 The Life of Cabot in Sparks's " Library of American Biography ' ' 
 is described under Hayward, No. 406. 
 
 STEFANI (Federico) Inaugurazioni di un busto a 
 Giovanni Caboto . . . nella loggia interna del Palazzo 
 Ducale di Venezia. (5^9) 
 
 In the Terzo Congreso Geografico Internazionale, No. 526, volume 
 primo, Notizie e rendiconti, — Roma, 1882 ; pp. 33-37. 
 
 See Sanuto, No. 210. 
 
 STEVENS (Henry) Historical and geographical notes 
 1453-1869 By Henry Stevens — New York 1869 (530) 
 
 8vo. T -J- pp 3-40*. 
 
 This essay was included as part ii. in ne Tehuante-pec Railiuay 
 its Location features and Advantages — l^enu York, i86g. It was 
 reprinted with an explanatory preface, containing considerable re- 
 vision and emendation, in the American 'Journal of Science — Nenjii 
 Haven, 1869, 2nd series, xlviii. 299-330. A few copies were 
 printed separately, and issued with photolithographic facsimiles of 
 the more important early maps, as : 
 
 STEVENS (Henry) Historical and geographical notes on 
 the earliest discoveries in America 1453-1530 with com- 
 ments on the earliest charts and maps ; the mis takes of 
 the early navigators & the blunders of the geographers 
 . . . By Henry Stevens — New Haven and London 1869 
 
 (53X) 
 
 8vo. 4 T + pp 5-54 +16 maps on 6 sheets. 
 The serious portion of a review of this work, in the Historical 
 Magazine, — Morrisania, Netu York, August, 1869, 2nd series, vi. 
 
Cabot Biblfograpbg lyi 
 
 106-109, presents the evidence which conflifls with Mr. Stevens' 
 theory that the maps of La Cosa and Ruysch afFord no proof 
 that the Cabots examined the American coast south of Newfound- 
 land. 
 
 STEVENS (Henry) Sebastian Cabot- John Cabot=0 
 Endeavored by Henry Stevens — Boston, March 1870 
 
 (532) 
 
 i2mo. T -}- I 1 -(- pp 5-32. 
 
 This little essay, in Mr. Stevens' best style, appeared in the 
 Boston Daily Ad'vertiier, Sunday Supplement, 19 March, 1870, as 
 the first of a series on " Our Golden Candlesticks." A consider- 
 able extraft from it was reprinted in Mr. Stevens' BiUiotheca Historica, 
 "era catalogue of 5000 volumes of books and manuscripts ... to 
 be sold by aufiion in Boston, 5-8 April, 1870," pp. 230-231. 
 
 The essay is a review of Nicholls, No. 4.67. There is an inter- 
 esting suggestion, pp. 18-19, ^^^^ Cabot may have consulted with 
 Columbus in Spain, during the interval between the granting of the 
 Letters Patent in the spring of 1496 and the sailing of the Matthew 
 in 1497, or possibly during the winter following Cabot's return 
 from his first voyage to America. 
 
 STEVENSON (William) Historical Sketch of the pro- 
 gress of discovery, navigation, and commerce, from the 
 earliest records to the beginning of the nineteenth cen- 
 tury. By William Stevenson — Edinburgh, Blackwood, 
 MDCCCxxiv (533) 
 
 8vo. 2 T 4- pp iii-viii -)- 654. 
 This is vol. xviii in 
 
 A general history and coUeftion of voyages and travels, arranged 
 
 in systematic order ... by Robert Kerr — Edinburgh, 18 11- 
 
 1824. 8vo. 18 volumes. (534-) 
 
 Stevenson, p. 353, suggests that if Cabot voyaged to 67i° north, 
 
 he may have sailed along the coast of Greenland. 
 
 STRYPE (John) Ecclesiastical Memorials ; Relating 
 chiefly to Religion, and the Reformation of it, under King 
 Henry VIII. King Edward VI. and Queen Mary the First. 
 With Original Papers, Records, &c. By John Strype — 
 London 1721. (S35) 
 
 Folio. 3 volumes. 
 
 The first volume was reprinted in 1733. There was a new 
 edition " with large Appendices" — Oxford, 1822 ; 8vo, 6 volumes. 
 The index to this edition refers to various mentions of Cabot's 
 career in England, some of which, ii. 190 and 402 in the 1721 
 
172 Cabot JStblfograpbs 
 
 edition, state fafts which have not been found in any earlier 
 authority. 
 
 SYMES (Robert H.). 
 
 The speech of Sir Robert Symes, Mayor of Bristol, at the open- 
 ing of the Cabot Memorial Tower, 6 September, 1898, is men- 
 tioned in a note under Bristol, No. 283. (53^) 
 
 TANNER (Henry S.). 
 
 Tanner's North American Atlas, — Philadelphia, 1825, applies the 
 name " Cabotia" to Cape Breton and Newfoundland. (S37) 
 
 TARDUCCI (Francesco) La Patria di Giovanni 
 Caboto (538) 
 
 In the Re'viita Storica Italiana, — Torino, 1892, ix. fasc. i. Also 
 issued separately, pp. 39. 
 
 An appendix notes sixteen distinft ways in which Cabot's name 
 is spelled in the sources. 
 
 Printed in advance from : 
 
 TARDUCCI (Francesco) R. Deputazione Veneta di 
 Storia Patria Di Giovanni e Sebastiano Caboto. Memorie 
 raccolte e documentate da F. Tarducci — Venezia 1892 
 
 (539) 
 8vo. T -I- I 1 -I- pp 429. Also issued separately, with a dedi- 
 cation addressed to the Contessa Gabriella Spalletti. 
 Translated as : 
 
 TARDUCCI (Francesco) John and Sebastian Cabot. 
 Biographical notice, with documents. By Francesco 
 Tarducci. Translated from Italian by Henry F. Brown- 
 son — Detroit, Brownson, 1893 (54°) 
 8vo. T + pp viii + 409 -f Port. 
 
 TARDUCCI (Francesco) Per Sebastiano Caboto e per 
 la verita della storia. (541 ) 
 
 In the Ateneo Veneto, — Venezia, May-June, 1894, i8th series, i. 
 291-310. 
 
 A reply to DuRO, No. 347. 
 
 TARDUCCI (Francesco) H. Harrisse e la fama di Se- 
 bastiano Caboto (542) 
 
 In the Re'vista Storica Italiana, — Torino, 1 894, ix. fasc. iv. Also 
 issued separately, 8vo, pp. 13. (C. E. See note to No. 343*.) 
 
Cabot Bibliograpbs 1 7 3 
 
 TARDUCCI (Francesco) Le animosita storiche di H. 
 Harrisse (543) 
 
 In the Ntio'vo ArcAiiiio yeneto, — Fenezia, 1 897, xiv. 58-11 7. Also 
 issued separately, 8vo, pp. 60. (C. E. See note. No. 343".) 
 
 TAYLOR (John) Bristol, England. (544) 
 
 In the Encyclopedia Britannica, ninth edition, — Edinburgh, 1875, 
 iv. 348-352- 
 
 This article, which is said to have been written by the sometime 
 Bristol librarian, Mr. Taylor, contains, on. p. 350, anextraftfrom 
 " a hitherto unpublished local chronicle," describing the Cabot 
 discovery. For notes on the dispute regarding its value, see 
 Harrisse, Prowse, and Weare. The Chronicle is described 
 under Toby, No. 222. 
 
 See notes under Bristol, No. 184, and Nicholls, No. 469. 
 
 TAYLOR (L. Acland). 
 
 See the note under Shipley, No. 524. 
 
 THACHER (John Boyd) The continent of America its 
 discovery and its baptism an essay on the nomenclature of 
 the old continents a critical and bibliographical inquiry 
 into the naming of America and into the growth of the 
 cosmography of the new world ... by John Boyd 
 Thacher — New York, Benjamin, 1896. (545) 
 
 4to. 2 T -|- pp v-xvii -)- 271 -[- 18 maps -)- 8 plates. 
 
 Especially valuable for the careful facsimiles of the more im- 
 portant maps of the early sixteenth century. The use which La 
 CoSA may have made of Cabot's charts is suggested on pp. 200- 
 
 THACHER (John Boyd) The Cabotian Discovery. By 
 John Boyd Thacher (546) 
 
 In the Proceedings of the Royal Society of Canada, — Ottavja, 
 1897, and series, iii. 279-307 -|- plate. Also issued separately with 
 7 additional facsimile illustrations. 
 
 An interesting illustration of the variety of arguments by which 
 the orthodox Cabotian conclusions can be reached, from conscientious 
 study of the sources. 
 
 THORBURN (Robert) In Memoriam John Cabot . . . 
 Composed for the St. John's, Newfoundland, Cabot Cele- 
 bration by Sir Robert Thorburn, (547) 
 In the E'vening Herald, St. John's, N.F., 25 June, 1897. 
 
174 Cabot Bibliograpbs 
 
 TIRABOSCHI (GiROLAMo) Storia della Letteratura 
 Italhm^Modena lyyz-iyqs. (548) 
 
 4to. II volumes. 
 
 Reprinted — Modena, 1787-1794.; fenice, 1795-96, and Milan, 
 1822-1826. 
 There is a brief memoir of Sebastian Cabot in vol. vii. 209-210. , 
 
 TRAILL (Henry Duff). 
 
 The account of the Cabots in Mr. Traill's Social England is de- 
 scribed under Beazley, No. 257. 
 
 TRUAX (Charles H.) Opinion by the court, in case 
 of Mortimer et al. v. New York Elevated Railroad Com- 
 pany et al. (549) 
 In National Reporter System, Nenu York Supplement, — St. Paul, 
 Minnesota, 1889, vi. 898-903. Also in Reports of Cases in the 
 Superior Court of the City ofNciv York, by Samuel Jones and James 
 C. Spencer, — New York, 1890, Ivii. (Jones and Spencer, xxv.), 259- 
 271. 
 
 The court, having carefully examined Bancroft, No. 24.8, 
 Bryant and Gay, No. 288, and especially Mrs. Martha J. 
 Lamb's History ofNenu York, expressed the legal decision that as a 
 result of Cabot's discovery of North America in 1497 on behalf of 
 England, the English common law, and not the Dutch Roman law 
 which lurked in the hold of Henry Hudson's vessel when he first 
 explored Manhattan bay, determined the relation of abutters to the 
 use and enjoyment of the public streets. Heavy damages were 
 therefore awarded against the Elevated Railway Company. 
 
 TWISS (Travers) Christopher Columbus and Sebastian 
 Cabot. (550) 
 
 In the Nautical Magazine, — London, July-August, 1876, xlv. 
 577-587, 675-684. 
 
 See the note under Mychell, No. 176. A useful study of the 
 Cabots in England. 
 
 TYTLER (Patrick Fraser) Historical view of the 
 progress of discovery on the more northern coasts of 
 America, from the earliest period to the present time, by 
 Patrick Fraser Tytler ... To which is added an ap- 
 pendix, containing remarks on a late memoir of Sebastian 
 Cabot, with a vindication of Richard Hakluyt — Edinburgh 
 MDCCCXxxii (551) 
 
 i2mo. 2 T -}- pp 7-444 -j- map. 
 
Cabot JSiblioQtapbs. 175 
 
 No. ix. in the "Edinburgh Cabinet Library" ; reissued in 1833. : 
 reprinted as No. liii. of "The Family Library" — Nenv York, 
 Harpers, 1833 ; reissued 1836 ; a T -]- pp 5-360 -\- map, i2mo. 
 
 (ssz) 
 
 The "first chapter, containing an account of Cabot's explorations, 
 pp. 17-42, was reprinted in 
 
 The Northern Coasts of America, and the Hudson Bay Terri- 
 tories — London, MDCCCLiii. {^ISi) 
 
 8vo. 2 T -|- pp iii-vi -|- 4.09 -|- map -\- 7 plates. 
 
 The material employed by Biddle, No. 261, was used by Mr. 
 Tytler to prove that the entire credit for the discovery of 1497 be- 
 longed to John Cabot. The appendix, pp. 417-444, is a very able 
 reply to Biddle's striftures on Hakluyt, as tested by the evidence 
 which shows that John Cabot " projeSed, fitted out, and condufled 
 the expedition." The necessity of vindicating the trustworthiness 
 of Hakluyt leads Mr. Tytler to declare that " it is not possible to 
 doubt " the knighting of John Cabot. 
 
 Mr. Biddle is said to have written some " Remarks on the re- 
 vised edition of the Edinburgh Cabinet Library," which may have 
 been printed. (.SS^ 
 
 VARALDO (Ottavio) La Patria di Giovanni Caboto 
 
 (555) 
 
 In La Libera Parola di Pietro Sbarbaro, — Roma, 5 June, 1892, i. 
 5. From FuMAGALLi, No. 358. 
 
 VARNHAGEN (Francisco Adolpho de ; Baron de 
 Porto Seguro) Historia geral do Brazil isto 6 do des- 
 cobrimento, colonisa^ao, legisla^ao e desenvolvimento deste 
 Estado, hoje imperio independente, escripta em presen^a 
 de muitoB documentos autenticos recolhidos nos archives 
 do Brazil, de Portugal, da Hespanha e da Hollanda, Por 
 Um socio do Instituto Historico do Brazil, Natural de 
 Sorocaba 1 854 Acha-se no Rio de Janeiro — Madrid 1 854 
 
 (556) 
 8vo. 2 volumes. 2 T -|- pp v-xvi -|- 479 -j- Errata (2) -\- 
 Supplemento 48 1-496 -(-15 plates ; 2 T -|- pp v-xxiii -)- (8) -t- 484 
 -|- (5) -|- 12 plates. 
 
 The letter of Affonso, No. 2, is in i. 439. There are references 
 to Cabot's visit to the coast of Brazil in i. 38-43. 
 
 See the notes under D'Avezac, No. 240, Garcia, No. 116, and 
 Ramirez, No. 191. 
 
 VASCANO (Antonio). 
 
 S'. Vascano's Ensayo biogrdfico del cosmografo 'Juan de la Cosa is 
 described under Cos A, No. 85. 
 
176 Cabot JBlbUograpbg 
 
 VAUGHAN (William). 
 
 Vaughan's Golden fleece is described under Mason, No. 171. 
 
 WARDEN (David Baillie). 
 See note under Biddle, No. 266. 
 
 WASHBURN (Charles Ames) The History of Para- 
 guay, with Notes of Personal Observations, and Reminis- 
 cences of diplomacy under difficulties. By Charles A. 
 Washburn. — Boston 187 1. (557) 
 
 8vo. 2 volumes. T -[- pp iii-xii -j- 571 ; xv -|- 627 -|- 2 maps 
 -j- 4 plates. 
 
 There is a useful summary of the standard Spanish authorities on 
 Cabot's La Plata experiences, i. 3-1 S- 
 
 WE ARE (George Edward) Cabot's discovery of North 
 America by G. E. Weare — London 1897 (558) 
 
 8vo. 2 T -^ pp v-xi -f- 345 -|- 12 maps and plates. 
 
 The appendices contain " Plato's Story of the Lost Island of 
 Atlantis," "The Latin Text of the Bull of Pope Alexander VI, 
 dated the 4"" Day of May 1493," and " Account of the Colleftors 
 of the Bristol Customs." The last is described under Kemys, 
 No. 153. The most valuable portion of Mr. Weare 's volume con- 
 sists of the original texts and English translations of the various 
 Cabot documents. Such of these as were accessible in London are 
 printed in most scrupulous reproduftion of the original phraseology 
 and caligraphy. Improvements veere also made in the translations 
 vyhich he adapted to his purposes. Extended quotations from 
 Tarducci, Kohl, D'Avezac, Biddle, Harrisse, Dawson, 
 and Quaritch's Sale Catalogues make this volume an excellent 
 medium for acquaintance vfith the charafteristics of these authorities. 
 
 WEARE (George Edward) John Cabot and the 
 Matthew (559) 
 
 In Notes and ^eries, — London, 17 July, 1897, 8th series, xii. 49- 
 51. Reprinted as : 
 
 WEARE (George Edward) Cabot's discovery of North 
 America. The dates connected with the voyage of the 
 Matthew, of Bristol. Mr. G. E. Weare's reply to Mr. 
 Henry Harrisse — London : privately printed for the author. 
 1897 (560) 
 
 izmo. T -|- pp 3-12. 
 
Cabot Bibltograpbg 177 
 
 Mr. Prowse's reply to Harrisse, see Nos. 390 and 493, is re- 
 printed on pp. 10-12. 
 
 WEARE (George Edward) John Cabot and the 
 
 Matthew (561) 
 
 In Notes and Siueries, — London, 4. September, 1897, 8th series, xii. 
 189-191. Reprinted as : 
 
 WEARE (George Edward) Cabot's discovery [. . . 
 as No. 560] Mr. G. E. Weare's further reply to Mr. 
 Henry Harrisse — London 1897 (562) 
 
 izmo. T -|- pp 1-8. 
 
 WEISE (Arthur James) The Discoveries of America 
 to the year 1525 by Arthur James Weise — New Tori, 
 Putnams, 1884 (563) 
 
 8vo. T -|- pp iii-xii -J- 380 4" ^^ maps -(- plate. 
 The Cabojts, 186-204. 
 
 WELLER (F. S.). 
 
 Mr. Weller's map showing a conjeftural route for Cabot's 1497 
 voyage is mentioned under Markham, No. 453. 
 
 WILLIS (William). 
 
 The Documentary History of Maine, edited by Mr. Willis, is de- 
 scribed under Kohl, No. 429. 
 
 WINSHIP (George Parker) Cabot Bibliography. 
 
 Compiled by George Parker Winship (564) 
 
 In the Monthly bulletin of the Public Library, — Proniidence, Rhode 
 
 Island, June, 1897, iii. i37-i57> 4*°- Reprinted in 8vo, 2 T -|- 
 
 PP 3-7'- 
 
 The basis for the present work, containing 237 titles. The 
 
 notes were taken for the most part, by quotation or in abstrafl, 
 from the published opinions of Winsor, Harrisse, and other recog- 
 nized authorities. A comparison with the notes in the present 
 volume reveals many curious illustrations of the partiality and mis- 
 representation which is apt to result from a failure to test opinions, 
 taken at second-hand, by a careful examination of the thing to 
 which they refer. 
 
 WINSHIP (George Parker) John Cabot and the study 
 of sources. (5^5) 
 
178 Cabot asiblfograpbp 
 
 In the Report of the American Historical Association for 1897, — 
 Washington, 1898, 35-41. Also issued separately. 
 
 A protest against such historical writing as may justly be char- 
 afterized as " illogical conclusions maintained by baseless inferences 
 and unwarranted assumptions." 
 
 The American Historical Rcvidv for Oftober, 1898, iv. 159-162, 
 contained a review article by Mr. Winship on Dawson, Nos. 316- 
 319, Beazley, No. 256, and Weare, No. 558. is^S") 
 
 WINSHIP (George Parker) Sebastian Cabot, 1508 
 
 (566) 
 
 In the Geographical Journal, — London, February, 1899, xiii. 204- 
 209. 
 
 A statement of the reasons for supposing that Cabot may have 
 made a voyage into the Arffic regions in 1508-9. 
 
 WINSHIP (George Parker) Cabot on the American 
 natives — 1497-1508 (566*) 
 
 In the American Anthropologist, — Nenv York, July, 1899, i. (new 
 series) 588-590. 
 
 A note on the references to the natives contained in the accounts 
 of Cabotian voyages to the coasts of British America. 
 
 WINSHIP (George Parker) Some fadis in regard to 
 John and Sebastian Cabot (566f) 
 
 In the Proceedings of the American Antiquarian Society for 25 
 April, 1900, new series, xiv. 
 
 A statement of the reasons for some of the statements which 
 appear in the IntroduBion to the present volume. 
 
 WINSOR (Justin) Narrative and Critical History of 
 America, edited by Justin Winsor — Boston, Houghton, 
 Mifflin and Company (567) 
 
 Folio. 8 volumes. 
 
 Volumes i. and viii. are dated 1889 ; iii. and iv. were copyrighted 
 in 1884; ii. in 1886 ; v. and vi. in 1887 ; vii. in 1888. 
 
 See Deane, No. 327. Other references to the Cabots are noted 
 in the indices to volumes i., ii., and iv. Sebastian Cabot's La Plata 
 expedition is discussed in viii. 384. 
 
 WINSOR (Justin) Christopher Columbus and how he 
 received and imparted the spirit of discovery by Justin 
 Winsor — Boston 1891. (568) 
 
 8vo. T + pp v-xi -I- 674. 
 
Cabot Bfbliograpbi? 179 
 
 The part played by the Cabots in the general movement which 
 is associated with the career of Columbus is discussed on pp. 339- 
 346, 6z4.-6ig. 
 
 WINSOR (Justin) Harrisse's Discovery of North America 
 
 (569) 
 In the Nation,— Nemj York, 29 September and 6 Oftober, 1892, 
 Iv. 244-246, 264-266. 
 
 WINSOR (Justin) Cabotiana (570) 
 
 In the Nation, — Neiu York, 7 December, 1893, Ivii. 433-434. 
 Mainly a review of Tarducci. 
 
 WINSOR (Justin) The Cabot controversies and the 
 right of England to North America (S7i) 
 
 In the Proceedings of the Massachusetts Historical Society, No- 
 vember, 1896, — Boston, 1897, 2nd series, xi. 156-169. Also issue 
 separately. 
 
 WINSOR (Justin) Cabot and the transmission of 
 English power in North America. An Address delivered 
 before the New York Historical Society on its ninety- 
 second anniversary, Wednesday, November 18, 1896, by 
 Justin Winsor, LL.D. — New York 1896. (572) 
 
 8vo. 2 T -|- pp 3-38. 
 
 WINSOR (Justin) Cabot and Bristol by Justin Winsor. 
 
 (573) 
 In the Independent, — Neiu York, 24 June, 1897, xlix. No. 2534. 
 Suggestive of the way in which the conditions and surroundings 
 out from which Cabot sailed influenced his impressions of the 
 regions upon which he lighted in 1497. Mr. Winsor records the 
 curious Bristol custom of speaking the name of the navigators after 
 the French fashion (Cabo) as if from Chabot, perhaps the original 
 name of the French family on the island of Jersey, — see Lodge, No. 
 438. 
 
 WINTHROP (Robert Charles). 
 
 Mr. Winthrop's remarks on the photographic facsimiles of the 
 Cabot map. No. 39', are in the Proceedings of the Massachusetts 
 Historical Society for December, 1882, xx. 39-40. (S74) 
 
 WOODBURY (Charles Levi) The relation of the 
 
i8o Cabot Bfbliograpbs 
 
 fisheries to the discovery and settlement of North America 
 ... by Charles Levi Woodbury — Boston 1880. (S75) 
 
 8vo. T -|- PP 3-26- 
 
 The evidence which convinced Mr. Woodbury that " neither 
 Columbus, Cabot, nor Cortereal drew the French and Basque " to 
 the fishing banks is stated on pp. 4-7. 
 
 WRONG (George M.) The Cabots (576) 
 
 The substance of a paper read by Professor Wrong before the 
 Canadian Institute in Toronto, 28 March, 1896, was printed as a 
 review of Harrisse, No. 387, and Dawson, No. 317, in the Re- 
 •vieiv of Historical Publications relating to Canada, — Toronto, 1897, 
 i. 28-33. 
 
 ZERI (AuGUSTo) Giovanni e Sebastiano Caboto. Notizie 
 di Augusto Zeri (577) 
 
 In the Re'vista Marittima, — Roma, March, 1881. Also issued 
 separately, pp. 11 -J- map, 8vo. 
 
 An effort to prove, in reply to Nicholls, No. 467, that the 
 Cabots were born in Italy. 
 
 ZURLA (Placido) Di Marco Polo e degli altri viaggia- 
 tori Veneziani piu illustri dissertazioni del P. Ab. D. Placido 
 Zurla — Venezia 1818-1819 (579) 
 
 4to. 2 volumes. T -|- pp iii-viii -f" 39^ > 4°^ "1" 4 maps. 
 
 Giovanni e Sebastiano Cabotto, ii. 274-286. A map shows the 
 routes followed by the two Cabots in 1496 and by Sebastian in 
 1526. 
 
CHISWICK PRESS : CHARLES WHITTINGHAM AND CO. 
 TOOKS COURT, CHANCERY LANE, LONDON.