<5 
 
 
 o 
 
 THE PALMER SERIES 
 of 
 
 COMMERCIAL TEXT BOOKS 
 
 
 
 .^L^^^^~F m3.JLJL^l JLJLJl 
 
 THE A. N, PALMER COMPANY. 
 
 NEW YORK, CHICAGO, BOSTON, CEDAR RAPIDS 
 
Cornell University Library 
 HF 5686.H8WS 
 
 Household accounting. 
 
 3 1924 014 062 685 
 
 Hats (^allege of Agriculture 
 
 At (ftuxnell UmaerBitg 
 
 Sttjaca, S3. % 
 
 ffitbtanj 
 
Cornell University 
 Library 
 
 The original of this book is in 
 the Cornell University Library. 
 
 There are no known copyright restrictions in 
 the United States on the use of the text. 
 
 http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924014062685 
 
THE PALMER SERIES 
 
 of 
 
 COMMERCIAL TEXT BOOKS 
 
 Household Accounting 
 
 BY 
 
 WALLACE H. WHIGAM, M.S. 
 
 CARLSCHURZ HIGH SCHOOL, CHICAGO, ILL. 
 
 AND ( 
 
 OLIVER D. FREDERICK, M.S. 
 
 MURRAY F. TULEY HIGH SCHOOL, CHICAGO, ILL. 
 
 NEW YORK, CHICAGO, BOSTON, CEDAR RAPIDS 
 
 THE A. N. PALMER COMPANY 
 
 i9'3 
 
Copyright, 1913, 
 
 The A. N. Palmer Co. 
 
 o 
 
Preface 
 
 In presenting this little book for the consideration of those, espe- 
 cially teachers, interested in the household arts, the authors do not claim 
 for it all of the characteristics demanded in a general treatise on book- 
 keeping. It is not assumed, however, that students for whom it is 
 intended have any previous knowledge of the subject. 
 
 If any reason for the publication of a book of this character is deemed 
 necessary, it is hoped that the desire to remedy some of the obvious 
 defects in the financial organization of homes as stated below fully justi- 
 fies the undertaking. 
 
 While the task of administering a household is not generally recog- 
 nized as a business, it is nevertheless a very important one with far- 
 reaching influences for the weal or the woe of individuals and the na- 
 tion. Economy in the management of a business does not necessarily 
 imply small expenditures, but unless a maximum return is realized for 
 all expenditures of money and energy there is waste. The authors' hope 
 that this book may aid in introducing into the management of the home, 
 the most vitally important institution in any community, the same exact- 
 ness of procedure so manifestly essential in the shop, the office, or the 
 store. 
 
 It is only by reference to what has been accomplished that the man- 
 agers of any enterprise can make intelligent plans for the future. Yet 
 the percentage of households in which any serious effort is made to base 
 future disbursements upon known facts is so small as to be negligible. 
 The consequences of this haphazard method fall with special keenness 
 where the income is most limited. 
 
 The forms of bookkeeping records are arranged for a special purpose, 
 adapted to the needs of a particular class of business, and therefore no 
 attempt has been made to make them conform to the records of other 
 classes of enterprises. It must be remembered that the aim is not to 
 train accountants, but to enable those not familiar with the theory of 
 bookkeeping to make records intelligently of what concerns their in- 
 terests. 
 
iT PREFACE 
 
 Household accounting deals with the receipts and expenditures of 
 money. Mercantile bookkeeping deals not only with receipts and ex- 
 penditures but also with costs and sales. In the former there is no profit; 
 in the latter, profit is the essence of the business transactions recorded. 
 Household accounting represents the record of transactions of a trustee. 
 
 "And if you are working for wages you've got to analyze your op- 
 erating costs just the same, if you want to save money. Householders 
 as well as business men are swamped by operating costs. Until they 
 know just how much they pay for food, clothes, fuel, luxuries, and so on, 
 and just how much they ought to pay for each item, they cannot cut 
 expenses intelligently or find ways to make one dollar do the work of 
 two dollars." 
 
 The authors desire to express their thanks and appreciation for valu- 
 able suggestions to Miss Myra Wolcott, Department of Domestic 
 Science, Carl Schurz High School, Chicago, Illinois. 
 
 W. H. W. 
 O. D. F. 
 
 August I, 1913. 
 
Introduction 
 
 The Economic Aspect 
 
 The expenditure of an establishment must be proportioned to its 
 income. The household is no exception to the rule. It must be con- 
 ducted with a due regard to income and outgo or it is doomed to finan- 
 cial distress, as is any ordinary business establishment. 
 
 The records of past years are of inestimable value to the successful 
 business man; in fact, he could hardly hope to compete successfully with 
 the energetic competing firms of the business world today were it not 
 for the fact that his ventures of today are based on the finished work of 
 the past. Every contractor, purchaser, laborer or other artisan must 
 base what he expects to receive on past experience, and each must gauge 
 his expenditures accordingly. 
 
 In the household a correct record of all expenditures should be kept 
 to enable an economic spending. The question of expense is not nec- 
 essarily to keep it at a minimum, but to secure the maximum return. 
 Systematic records will enable the head of the family to apportion the 
 income properly among the numerous classes of expenses, and thus to 
 curtail certain expenditures and possibly to eliminate others as unneces- 
 sary or inadvisable. It is estimated that three-fourths of the average 
 family's income is expended by the head of the household, and that 
 fully one-tenth is wasted. This relates to both food and clothing. In a 
 large majority of the families there is no systematic method of adjusting 
 the expenditures to the income, except the one of the necessity of making 
 both ends meet. No successful business man would think for a minute 
 of doing business on such a haphazard basis. He wants accurate rec- 
 ords kept of receipts and expenditures, sales, estimates, etc. He watches 
 the items, adds here and subtracts there. It is bookkeeping that makes 
 it possible to keep these valuable records. Yet, three-fourths of all the 
 gains, which is his income, is expended in another establishment, his 
 home, without scientific oversight. 
 
 The waste enumerated above is the result of lack of system. The 
 economist says it prevents a right choice and a right use. Lack of right 
 choice and right use in food may result in : 
 
 i. Choice of food containing little nutriment. 
 
 2. Choice of food not well suited to needs of consumer. 
 
 3. Not utilizing all the material. 
 
** INTRODUCTION . 
 
 4. Bad preparation. 
 
 5. Waste of fuel in cooking. 
 
 While some of these faults do 1 not necessarily relate to bookkeeping, 
 by presenting the facts, bookkeeping enables one to get at the root of 
 the. evil of non-economical expenditures. 
 
 The average family saves nothing; there being a lack of forethought 
 and supervision in the spending of the income. Nothing is more con- 
 ducive to economy than an itemized list of expenditures, so that one 
 may critically examine and designate items that might have been omitted. 
 Many items of extravagance would thus be eliminated -from our. ex- 
 penses. Another cause of extravagance is our present credit system. 
 We may buy many items on credit that we would not or could not buy 
 for cash. Put your expenses on a strictly cash basis. Know beforehand 
 how much may be spent for each kind of outlay. The* difference between 
 the savage and the civilized man is that the former belongs to the class 
 of mankind that spends his all today, while the latter, through the wis- 
 dom of recorded facts, wisely decides what shall be spent today and what 
 tomorrow. The one regards only the present time, while the other lays 
 up something for the future. 
 
 The Bookkeeping Aspect 
 
 Every bookkeeper is a historian. His records relate to a particular 
 class of events that transpire in the home, the shop, or the mercantile 
 establishment. Like records of any other historian the bookkeeper's 
 may be a simple narrative of what takes place, or his work may be so 
 arranged that he and others may draw therefrom valuable lessons for 
 future management of affairs. A mere recital of the individual facts 
 contained in a bookkeeper's records might be written by one not at all 
 conversant with the forms or the principles of bookkeeping, but a lack 
 of system would greatly lessen the practical value of his efforts. 
 
 A few simple examples will make this clear. Suppose Mrs. A be 
 given a sum of money on Monday with which to make a variety of pur- 
 chases, and a different sum on each of the succeeding days of the week 
 with which to make other purchases, she might at the end of the week 
 be able to determine by arithmetical processes the total amount spent 
 and the cost of each kind of goods as well as the money remaining on 
 hand, but in order to do this some form of record must have been pre- 
 served for reference. If such record had been made in accordance with 
 a definite plan, it would conform to the accepted definition of book- 
 keeping. 
 
Section I 
 
 EXAMPLES 
 
 Receipts and Payments of Cash 
 
 Required of the Student. Find the total amount paid out and the 
 balance remaining on hand in each cf the following examples : 
 
 Sept. 8, 19... A girl received cash $10 with instructions to buy 
 10 pounds sugar at 6y 2 cents per pound; 4 pounds coffee at 32 cents; 
 6 pounds butter at 36 cents and 12 yards muslin at 12^2 cents per yard. 
 
 Sept. 9. She received cash $20 to make purchases as follows : 5 cans 
 corn at 15 cents; 1 bushel potatoes at $1.20; 4 pounds rice at 11 cents; 
 2 pairs shoes at $3.25; 1 pair gloves $1.50; 5 books at $1.10. 
 
 Sept. 10. She received cash $25 with instructions to make purchases 
 and payments as follows : A bill for gas used to the 2nd inst. $3.26. for 
 ice used during one week $1.05; for 2 chairs at $5.50; for subscriptions 
 to 3 magazines at $1.50; for 3 sacks flour at $1.65. 
 
 Sept. 11. She received cash $60 and paid for meat $3.97; vegetables 
 $1.12; groceries $4.20; 2 boxes candy at 40 cents; 3 theater tickets at 
 $1.25; lunch for three $2.20; taxi cab hire $7.50. 
 
 Questions 
 
 1. What is the balance of cash on hand at the close of each day? 
 
 2. Supposing that the balance at the close of each day were added 
 to the amount received the following day find the successive balances. 
 
 3. Under what general headings might the expenditures in the four 
 examples be collected? 
 
 Required of the Student. The receipts and payments in Example 1 
 are written up in the following form. Observe how each amount is 
 entered, then make a copy of the form giving special attention to the 
 ruling and the entering of the balance. Use ruled journal paper for 
 this work. 
 
 1 
 
2 HOUSEHOLD ACCOUNTING 
 
 These instructions also apply to the following examples: 2, 3, 4, 5, 
 6, 7 and 8. 
 
 Example 1. A farmer's cash receipts and payments were as follows: 
 
 June 1. Balance of cash on hand, $25.50. 
 
 June 2. Sold garden truck, $17.65; 12 doz. eggs at 21c. 
 
 June 4. 25 lb. sugar at 6c; 2 lb. coffee at 40c. 
 
 June 5. Sold 34 chickens at 55c; 10 doz. eggs at 22c. 
 
 June 8. Paid hired help for week, $21.50. 
 
 June 10. Sold garden truck, $24.75. 
 
 June 11. Sold 3 calves at $11.50. 
 
 June 15. Sold 15 doz. eggs at 21c; 10 chickens at 58c. 
 
 June 16. Paid hired help for week, $23.50. 
 
 June 16. Bought groceries, $11.24; paid for repairing sickle, $1.25. 
 
 June 17. Paid for shoeing horses, $3.20. 
 
 Balance and rule up the cash account. 
 
 Form 1 
 
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HOUSEHOLD ACCOUNTING 3 
 
 Example 2. Collections and payments are made for the Excelsior 
 Laundry Company today as follows: Mar. 1, 19.., collects from Mrs. 
 R. W. White, $2.60; R. L. Brown, $3.75; Mrs. L. E. Rich, $8.60; Em- 
 pire Hotel, $24.60. Payments to A. R. White & Co., $4.20; W. J. 
 Fisher, $2.14; G. Neill, $3.40; White & Brown, $14.25; Allen Mch. Co., 
 $21. Collects from E. A. Tripp, $1.60; E. T. Taylor, $2.25; R. W. 
 McGuffin, $0.75; A. J. Gridley & Co., $4.21; A. J. Conway, $2.16; Mrs. 
 J. R. Grimm, $1.81; Mrs. H. W. Hugh, $2.37; R. J. Dickson, $1.25. 
 Payments to White & Jones, $3.60; The Fair, $8.21. 
 
 Balance the account and rule it up. 
 
 Example 3. A farmer makes the following sales and purchases for 
 cash. Write up the cash account observing the form given. There is 
 a balance of $50 at the beginning. 
 
 Sept. 1, 19. .. Sells 10 doz. eggs at 28c; 25 bu. potatoes at $1.05. 
 
 Sept. 2. Buys groceries for $12.24. 
 
 Sept. 3. Pays for garden tools $18.50. 
 
 Sept. 5. Buys clothing for family $45.60. 
 
 Sept. 8. Sells 75 bu. wheat at 95c. 
 
 Sept. 10. Pays farm hands week's wages $42.50. 
 
 The cash account is to be balanced at this point. 
 
 Form 2 
 
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 Continue the above form with the following transactions: 
 
 
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4 HOUSEHOLD ACCOUNTING 
 
 Sept. ii. Sells 2 doz. chickens at $6.50; 14 doz. eggs at 24c 
 
 Sept. 12. Pays for extra help threshing $18.75. 
 
 Sept. 14. Sells 225 bu. wheat at $i.02j4. 
 
 Sept. 16. Buys 875 lb. barbed wire at 2c. 
 
 Sept. 18. Sells garden truck $16.50. 
 
 Sept. 19. Pays help on acct. of wages $40. 
 
 Sept. 19. Pays for shoeing horses $3.20. 
 
 Sept. 20. Balance and rule up the account according to form used 
 Sept. 10. Bring down the balance and write up the following trans- 
 actions : 
 
 Sept. 21. Sells 21 doz. eggs at 26c; 6 doz. chickens at $6.25; garden 
 truck, $26.80; 150 bu. oats at 71c. 
 
 Sept. 24. Pays help on account of wages $50. 
 i Sept. 25. Buys set of harnesses $37.50. 
 
 Sept. 26. Pays for new sickle $3.75. 
 
 Sept. 27. Pays for potato digger $21. 
 - Sept. 29. Sells 80 bu. potatoes at $1.15. 
 I Sept. 30. Sundry expense items are $4.75. 
 
 Enter the balance in red ink, rule up the account, and bring down the 
 balance in black ink. 
 
 Example 4. Expenses of a boy at school. Enter the receipts and 
 payments in cash book form. 
 
 Oct. 1. 19.. Started from home with $too; paid drayage on bag- 
 gage to depot 50c; paid for ticket $9:75 ; paid for meals on diner $1.75. 
 
 Oct. 2. Paid tuition for one semester $50; arranged for board and 
 room at $5 per week and paid two weeks in advance. Write the receipt, 
 using slip of paper 8 inches long by 3 inches wide. See Form at end of 
 this lesson. 
 
 Began school work, bought books, etc. $8.75. 
 
 Paid for gymnasium suit $3.50, and donated $2 to the athletic 
 
 Oct. 
 
 3- 
 
 Oct. 
 
 4- 
 
 fund. 
 
 
 Oct. 
 
 5- 
 
 Oct. 
 
 6. 
 
 Paid for ticket to special lecture course $1. 
 
 Paid for small items: postage 50c; shoe strings 10c; shoe 
 polish and brush 25c. 
 
 Oct. 8. Went on botanical trip, paid for carrying case 75c; lunch 
 25c; car fare 10c. 
 
Oct. 
 
 9- 
 
 6oc. 
 
 
 Oct. 
 
 ii. 
 
 Oct. 
 
 12, 
 
 Oct. 
 
 H. 
 
 HOUSEHOLD ACCOUNTING 5 
 
 Contributed at church 50c; at Sunday School for month 
 
 Paid for repairs to clothes after class rush $1.35. 
 Paid for writing paper and envelopes 45c; laundry $1.14. 
 Received draft from home for $50. 
 Oct. 15. Had draft cashed at bank and paid 10c exchange; car fare 
 15c; ball game 25c. 
 
 Oct. 16. Paid at church 25c. 
 
 Oct. 17. Paid for two weeks' board dating from the 16th. Write 
 receipt. 
 
 Oct. 17. Paid for pair of gloves $1.25. 
 
 Oct. 20. Paid for note book 10c; paper 15c; drawing ink 25c. 
 Oct. 21. Paid carfare to neighboring town to see game of football 
 with rival team $1.25; lunch 35c; small items 30c; laundry bill $1.25. 
 Oct. 24. Paid at church 25c; contributed for church fair 35c. 
 Find the balance and rule up the account. 
 
 Form 3 
 
 Example 5. Expenses of a girl at a select school. Write up a cash 
 book from the following transactions: 
 
 Oct. 1. She started from home with $125.00; paid drayage on bag- 
 gage to station 50c; paid for R. R. ticket $11.25; paid for meals on din- 
 ing car $2.20; tips to porter and waiter 50c; sleeping car berth $1.50; 
 magazine 15c 
 
6 HOUSEHOLD ACCOUNTING 
 
 Oct. 2. Paid for transferring baggage 50c; taxi from station to 
 school 75c. 
 
 Oct. 2. Paid tuition for one semester $65. 
 
 Oct. 3. Began school work, bought books $8.50; stationery 50c; 
 writing pad 10c; pens and pencils 15c. 
 
 Oct. 5. Paid for course of piano lessons $20. 
 
 Paid for sheet music and instruction books $5.50. 
 Oct. 6. Paid for gymnasium suit $3.75; laundry $1.50. 
 Oct. 7. Contributed at church 50c. 
 Oct. 8. Received draft from home for $100. 
 Oct. 9. Had draft cashed at bank and paid 10c exchange. 
 Oct. 10. Paid for room and board for first semester $72. 
 Oct. 13. Joined a party going to the woods to gather nuts and 
 autumn leaves. Carfare 10c; luncheon 25c. 
 
 Oct. 14. Paid at church 50c; contributed to a special collection 25c. 
 
 Oct. 15. Paid laundry bill 85c. 
 
 Oct. 16. Paid for pair of heavy gloves $1.50. 
 
 Oct. 20. Paid for chocolates 40c; spool thread 5c. 
 
 Joined one of the school literary societies and paid fee of $1. 
 Oct. 21. Contributed at church 50c. 
 
 Oct. 24. Joined the chorus class and paid $1 for expenses incident 
 thereto; paid 75c for ticket to a musicale. 
 
 Oct. 27. Paid laundry bill $1.20. 
 Oct. 28. Contributed at church 50c. 
 Find the balance and rule up the account. 
 
 Suggestion. It is suggested that each member of the class record 
 in a small expense book her personal receipts and expenditures at least 
 during the time she is taking this course in household accounting- 
 
 A small memorandum book, pages 2^ by 3^ inches, is large enough. 
 
 Example 6. Write up the cash account for the following transac- 
 tions : 
 
 Jan. 1, 19. . You opened a small grocery store with a cash capital 
 of $500. 
 
HOUSEHOLD ACCOUNTING 7 
 
 Jan. 2. Paid cash for one month's rent of a store equipped with the 
 necessary fixtures $20. 
 
 Jan. 3. Paid cash to F. McVeigh & Co. for groceries delivered 
 $257.50. 
 
 Jan. 3. Made sales for cash $9.20. 
 
 Jan. 4. Sold for cash during the day $11.30. 
 
 Jan. 5. Received cash for sales during the day $11.28. 
 
 Jan. 6. Paid cash for bakery goods bought to date $4.28. 
 
 Jan. 6. Received cash for sales during the day $16.73. 
 
 Jan. 8. Paid cash for smoked meats $12.76. 
 
 Jan. 9. Bought for cash 1 tub 40 lb. butter at $.26^. 
 
 Jan. 10. Paid cash for 1 case 30 doz. eggs at $.27. 
 
 Jan. 11.- Paid cash for wrapping paper, etc. $3.20. 
 
 Jan. 12. Paid cash for 3 bu. potatoes at $.90. 
 
 Jan. 13. Paid cash for bakery goods $5.16. 
 
 Jan. 14. Received cash for sales during the week ending today $88.20. 
 
 Jan. 15. Paid cash for a bill of groceries $222.78. 
 
 Jan. 16. Paid cash for two boxes oranges at $1.60. 
 
 Jan. 20. Receipts from sales for the week amounted to $103.26 
 
 Jan. 22. Paid cash for butter and eggs, same amounts as on the 9th 
 and 10th respectively. 
 
 Jan. 24. Paid cash for meats $16.95. 
 
 Jan. 25. Paid cash for two boxes apples at $1.65: 
 
 Jan. 29. Cash for sales during the week amounted to $118.39. 
 
 Jan. 31. Paid cash for bakery goods $13.64. 
 
 Jan. 31. Paid cash for light and other expense bills $9.69. 
 
 Balance the cash book and carry the balance below the rulings. 
 
 Continue the example with the following transactions: 
 
 Feb. 1. Insured the stock of goods for $500 and paid the premium 
 in cash at $.60 per hundred. 
 
 Feb. 2. Paid cash for 2 doz. packages rolled oats at $.87^. 
 
 Feb. 3. Paid cash to the Central Preserving Co. for goods deliv- 
 ered today, $120.14. 
 
HOUSEHOLD ACCOUNTING 
 
 Received cash for sales during the week $112.91. 
 Paid cash for bakery goods $9.20. 
 Paid cash for sundry small expenses $3.21. 
 Took $100 cash out of the business for personal use. 
 Paid cash for 1 tub butter 40 lb- at $.28. 
 Paid cash for 2 cases eggs 60 doz. at $.22^2. 
 12. Cash sales for week amounted to $126.18. 
 Paid a boy for helping in store today $1.25. 
 Paid cash for two boxes laundry soap at $2.60. 
 Received cash for empty boxes $1.45. 
 Feb. 18. Paid cash for 18 sacks flour at $.65. 
 
 Cash received for sales during the waek amounted to 
 
 Paid cash to boy for running errands $.75. 
 
 Bought a bill of groceries for cash $209.15. 
 
 Paid cash for 5 bu. potatoes at $.85, and 2 tubs butter 80 
 
 Paid cash for 4 cases 120 doz. eggs at $.18^. 
 
 Paid cash for small expenses $.96. 
 Feb; 28. Paid cash for bakery goods $29.36. 
 Feb. 28. Cash received for sales for week amounted to $133.60. 
 Feb. 28. Sold all goods on hand for cash $625. 
 
 Example 7. March 1 Mrs. Adams received $100 for expenses for the 
 month. She also has a balance of $9.75 left over from last month. 
 
 March 8. Paid cash for groceries for week $5.88. 
 
 March 8. Paid cash for meats for week $1.75. 
 
 March 8. Paid cash for milk for week $1.32. 
 
 March 8. Paid cash for clothing for members of family $18.75. 
 
 March 10. Paid cash for rent for month $27.50. 
 
 March 15. Paid cash for groceries for week $6.00. 
 
 March 15. Paid cash for meat bill for week $1.69. 
 
 March 15. Paid cash for milk for week $1.12. 
 
 March 17. Paid cash for extra help, washing and ironing $1.75. 
 
 March 18. Paid cash for plumbing $5.75. 
 
 March 19. Paid cash for carfare and sundry items $1.25. 
 
 March 22. Paid cash for milk for week $1.20. 
 
 March 22. Paid cash for meats for week $2.15. 
 
 Feb. 
 
 5- 
 
 Feb. 
 
 7- 
 
 Feb. 
 
 8. 
 
 Feb. 
 
 9- 
 
 Feb. 
 
 10. 
 
 Feb. 
 
 11. 
 
 Feb. 
 
 12. 
 
 Feb. 
 
 12. 
 
 Feb. 
 
 14. 
 
 Feb. 
 
 IS- 
 
 Feb. 
 
 18. 
 
 Feb. 
 
 19. 
 
 $126.85. 
 
 
 Feb. 
 
 19. 
 
 Feb. 
 
 21. 
 
 Feb. 
 
 22. 
 
 lb. at $.26. 
 
 Feb. 
 
 24. 
 
 Feb. 
 
 28. 
 
HOUSEHOLD ACCOUNTING 9 
 
 March 22. Paid cash for groceries for week $6.53. 
 
 March 22. Paid cash for 3 pairs shoes $7.75. 
 
 March 29. Paid cash for meats for week $3.05. 
 
 March 29. Paid cash for milk for week $1*12. 
 
 March 29. Paid cash for groceries for week $5.16. 
 
 March 29. Paid cash for extra help, washing windows $1.25. 
 
 March 29. Paid sash for laundry bill for month $2.40. 
 
 March 29. Paid cash for gas $2.70 and for electric light $1.60 for 
 month. 
 
 Find the cash balance, enter it, rule up the account and bring down 
 the balance. 
 
 Questions 
 
 How much was paid for milk during the month? for groceries? for 
 meats? for extra help? 
 
 How much was expended during the month? 
 
 What is the cash balance for the month? The total balance? 
 
 Example 8. The petty expenses of a manufacturing concern for the 
 month are as follows. Balance the cash book each time before entering 
 additional cash received from the cashier. 
 
 Feb. 1, 19.. Balance of cash on hand from previous month $33.20. 
 
 Feb. 1. Paid cash for postage $2.00; telegrams $2.60; errands $1.25. 
 
 Feb. 2. Paid cash for supplies $3.25; washing windows $2.25. 
 
 Feb. 3. Paid cash for postage .$3; errands $.75; car fare $.50. 
 
 Feb. 4. Paid cash for telegrams $2.25; postage $2.50; errands $1.10; 
 car fare $.35; cleaning store $4.50. 
 
 Feb. 5. Received from the cashier $25. 
 
 Feb. 6. Paid cash for supplies $2.40; car fare $.25. 
 
 Feb. 8. Paid cash for car fare $.35; errands $.75; postage $6. 
 
 Feb. 9. Paid cash for telegrams $1.75; extra help $1.75. 
 
 Feb. 10. Paid cash for errands $1-75; car fare $.80. 
 
 Feb. 11. Paid cash for postage $4.50; supplies $3.40. 
 
 Feb. 12. Received from the cashier $20. 
 
 Feb. 13. Paid cash for extra help $3.25. 
 
 Feb. 15. Found in the cash drawer a counterfeit two dollar bill. 
 
 Feb. 16. Paid cash for telegrams $2.25; errands $1.25. 
 
 Feb. 18. Paid cash for postage $7.50; car fare $1.50. 
 
 Feb. 20. Received from cashier $25. 
 
io HOUSEHOLD ACCOUNTING 
 
 Feb. 22. Paid cash for extra help $3-75; cleaning windows $1.25. 
 Feb. 24. Paid cash for postage $2; telegrams $1.25; car fare $.90. 
 Feb. 26. Paid cash for errands $.50; car fare $.45. 
 Feb. 28. Paid cash for postage $3.50; supplies $275. 
 Close the cash book and bring down the balance. 
 
 Questions 
 
 How much was spent for telegrams? 
 How much was spent for postage ? 
 How much was spent for errands ? 
 
 Required of the Student. Examples 9 and 10 call for special ruled 
 forms. The transactions are those of Examples 7 and 8 respectively. 
 The student will be required to rule the forms for these two examples. 
 
 Example 9. 
 columns : 
 
 Rewrite Example 7, making use of the following special 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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HOUSEHOLD ACCOUNTING « 
 
 Questions 
 
 1. How much was expended for groceries, meats, milk, etc.? 
 
 2. Can you point out some advantages arising from the use of spe- 
 cial columns? 
 
 3. Why not have a special column for each class of expenses ? 
 
 4. What column is used for the infrequently occurring items? 
 
 5. Which lesson took more time to write up, lesson 7 or lesson 9? 
 
 6. What was the balance on the 17th? On the 22nd? 
 
 Example 10. Rewrite example 8 making use of the following spe- 
 cial columns (postage, telegrams, errands and carfare) one sundry, one 
 total disbursement and one balance column. You must of course have 
 a column for receipts, one for dates, and usually one for explanations. 
 
 Questions 
 
 1. When are explanations necessary? 
 
 2. Why not.use explanations for all the items? 
 
Business Methods Illustrated 
 
 The Bank Account 
 
 While the keeping of a bank account may not appeal to every house- 
 hold, the reasons in its favor are so obvious that the practice is con- 
 stantly becoming more general. Undoubtedly most of the blunders 
 attributed to novices in handling such accounts are the creations of the 
 imagination. It is nevertheless true that a knowledge of banking cus- 
 toms and the methods involved will aid in avoiding embarrassing and 
 perhaps serious mistakes. 
 
 If a considerable amount of cash is received it is little less than 
 criminal to carry it on one's person or to secrete it about the home. 
 Disregarding for the present the convenience of a checking account 
 with a bank, the great security it provides against loss is in itself suffi- 
 cient to make it desirable. Some of the advantages are : a safe place to 
 keep one's money; cancelled checks returned act as receipts; trouble 
 in making change is avoided; it is safe to send a check by mail in pay- 
 ment of an account. 
 
 Opening an Account with a Bank 
 
 When money or other items included under the general title of cash 
 has been placed in bank the account is opened. Making a deposit is 
 the expression commonly used to designate the act of placing funds in 
 a bank. 
 
 In order to protect themselves against opening accounts with irre- 
 sponsible or unscrupulous parties, banks as a rule require some form of 
 recommendation or introduction from prospective depositors. 
 
 Some banks will not open accounts unless the initial deposit is at 
 least equal to a fixed minimum established by its rules, and unless the 
 average daily balance of the account conforms to the rules of the bank 
 a charge is made for carrying it. 
 
 Banks furnish blank forms for the listing of the several classes of 
 items accepted as deposits. These deposit slips or deposit tickets which 
 are filled out by the depositors may vary in details, but any modifications 
 of the form illustrated here are made for the purpose of securing a closer 
 
 12 
 
HOUSEHOLD ACCOUNTING 
 
 13 
 
 classification of items to meet the convenience of individual banks. In 
 the model form it is shown that Mary Townsend deposited three checks 
 
 Form 5 Form 6 
 
 deposited with the AMERICAN SCHOOL BANK 
 
 American School Bank 
 
 FOR CREDIT OF 
 
 la Account With , 
 
 J~0 
 
 7*' 
 
 y y£~o 
 
 without designating in any way the location of the banks on which they 
 are drawn. Special columns are frequently added for this purpose. 
 
 The clerk who receives a deposit enters the total in a small blank 
 book which generally remains in the possession of the depositor. This 
 is ordinarily the only immediate evidence the bank gives that a deposit 
 has been made. The entry of the above deposit is shown in the accom- 
 panying form. 
 
 The Check Book 
 
 Blank checks containing the name of the bank are furnished to de- 
 positors free of charge. A check is a written order by a depositor direct- 
 ing the bank to pay a certain amount to the party named in the check. 
 The depositor should keep an accurate record of all amounts placed in 
 the bank as well as amounts withdrawn through the medium of checks 
 issued. The part of the check book pages to the left of the checks 
 themselves is called the check stub and on this space a convenient ar- 
 rangement is usually provided for recording both the deposits and the 
 amounts of checks. 
 
14 
 
 HOUSEHOLD ACCOUNTING 
 
 When this particular person presents the check for the money, or 
 deposits it in a bank, or transfers the check to another person he is 
 required to write his name on the back of the check. This inscribing of 
 his name is called an indorsement. A check payable to bearer requires 
 no indorsement, but it always should be demanded when one receives 
 a check from the payee, but not when a check is received from the maker. 
 
 There are two forms of indorsements' that are in general use, viz. : 
 Blank and full indorsements, illustrated as follows : 
 
 Blank Indorsement 
 See Form n 
 
 Full Indorsement 
 See Form 10 
 
 When a check is written before it is detached from its stub, the latter 
 should also be filled out in sufficient detail to furnish information regard- 
 ing the check in case it should be required. The check and its stub must 
 of course bear the same number and. numbers should be consecutive from 
 a fixed starting point. The amount of each check should at once be de- 
 ducted from the balance in bank and when additional deposits are made 
 they should be added. In this way the embarrassing mistake of issuing 
 checks for amounts beyond the deposit is avoided. It is a good plan to 
 keep an itemized copy of deposits on the back or blank side of the check 
 stubs. 
 
 Form 7 
 Check and Stub 
 
 No L 
 
 Dale C^B^^y? 19-= 
 
 In favor of 
 
 "f- 
 
 For 
 
 $ ■/<? , 
 
 Balance 
 
 /•fo 
 
 -{O. 
 
 /VO 
 
 No.. 
 
 J- 
 
 Pay to the 
 
 order of— 
 
 ^fisrts *** ^ > 
 
 American &$ 
 
 This check is made payable to currency. If a check is written in this 
 way it is assumed that it is the intention of the drawer to present it at 
 the bank for payment. 
 
HOUSEHOLD ACCOUNTING 
 Form 8 
 
 15 
 
 M. > 
 
 Dale 
 
 £^—.19— 
 
 In favor of 
 
 For 
 
 *£ -jC*-*T~<f , 
 
 $-2l£. 
 
 Balanee 
 
 IP 
 
 & 
 
 Mo. >- 
 
 American §>cj)ooI 
 
 Pay to the 
 orde, 
 
 *7- 
 
 Form 8a 
 
 No.. 
 
 Z^4 — ig. 
 
 American gicjool 33ait& 
 
 Pay to the 
 
 order of— 
 
 <S7^~/-f^r. 
 
 &r^&* $ l-^ 
 
 7&~ 
 
 V 7 ^ 
 
 Yd a 
 
 -Dollars 
 
 IN SCHOOL CURRENCY 
 
 ^""2_ S/ 7 ' *N SCHOOL CUR 
 
 To whom did Mary Townsend make the second check payable ? What 
 will her bank balance be after this payment? 
 
 On the reverse side of check No. 2 the following form appears and 
 when properly filled out the check is called a voucher check. 
 
 Form 11 
 
 Form 9 
 
 Form 10 
 
 DATE 
 
 FOR 
 
 AMT. 
 
 'f- 
 
 /</ 
 
 
 
 ?& 
 
 ^{=£23rf 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 DATE 
 
 FOR 
 
 AMT. 
 
 
 
 St:-* ^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 v - 
 
 •> 
 
 ENDORSE BELOW 
 
 " ENDORSE BELOW * 
 
 Ho receipt neceuiry. Endorsement wilt act u ■ueh 
 
 For Depostr w/th 
 Acme 5t/it£3ank 
 D/amond Coal Co. 
 
 -Cs*5e-y „-A _*5*£a- 
 
 DATE 
 
 FOR 
 
 AMT. 
 
 /f- 
 
 
 <Z/JL*^~*+. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 /S0 
 
 _ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ENDORSE BELOW 
 No receipt necenarv- Endowment will act ■■ «ucb 
 
 Ssfels7^Zf ^/tra**n*d*C^l^\ 
 
 When such a check is given in payment, as in this case for 4 tons of 
 coal, indorsed and returned through the bank it becomes a special receipt, 
 
i6 
 
 HOUSEHOLD ACCOUNTING 
 
 and the filing away of this special receipt obviates the necessity of filing 
 the receipted bill from the Diamond Coal Co. 
 
 At stated intervals, usually at the close of each month's business, 
 banks furnish statements to depositors. Whatever the exact form, they 
 give the following information: 
 
 1. The balance at the beginning of the month and amounts for which 
 the depositor was credited during the month. 
 
 2. A list of the checks issued by the depositor and paid by the bank. 
 
 3. The balance due the depositor at the end of the month. 
 
 Form 12 
 Bank Statement 
 
 M^2^. 
 
 .^^-y-z^. 
 
 IN ACCOUNT WITH 
 
 f^^l^f 
 
 Ammratt %lj0nl lank 
 
 /J2. 
 
 Please examine at once 
 
 IP NO ERROR IS REPORTED WITHIN TEN DAYS 
 THE ACCOUNT WILL BE CONSIDERED CORRECT 
 
 Month of. 
 
 I VOUCHERS 
 i RETURNED 
 
 -191- 
 
 
 DATE 
 
 CHECKS 
 
 DATE 
 
 TOTAL CHECKS 
 
 DATE 
 
 DEPOSITS 
 
 
 Z/ 
 
 £ 
 
 a^r 
 
 
 7/ 
 
 Z6 
 
 
 
 
 
 £ 
 
 / O 
 
 - 
 
 // 
 
 -z. 
 
 ^ro 
 
 X. 
 
 /^■o 
 
 - 
 
 
 7 
 
 f3 
 
 - 
 
 Z<S 
 
 J 
 
 £0 
 
 / S 
 
 ZiS 
 
 
 
 / 
 
 <£ 
 
 ■2. / 
 
 2 S 
 
 2. 
 
 7^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 / 2. 
 
 3o 
 4 
 
 2<s~ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 /(> 
 
 2- 
 / 
 
 7^ 
 
 z. 
 
 *x 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Total Deposits 
 
 / 7 s 
 
 - 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Total Checks 
 
 / a ^ 
 
 / / 
 
 
 
 7f 
 
 2- £ 
 
 
 / s> -r 
 
 / / 
 
 Bal. 
 
 67 
 
 f? 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 — t 
 
HOUSEHOLD ACCOUNTING 
 
 17 
 
 Questions 
 
 1. What was Mary Townsend's balance at the beginning of the 
 month ? 
 
 2. How many deposits did she make during the month? 
 
 3. How many checks does the statement show paid? 
 
 If all the checks drawn have been presented to the bank for payment 
 before the statement is made out, the balance shown on the statement 
 will agree with the balance shown on the last stub in the check book. 
 If so, the balance is presumably correct. However, nearly always there 
 are checks outstanding that have not been presented for payment at the 
 time the statement is made out and as a consequence the balance shown 
 by the statement will be larger than the balance shown on the stub. 
 This fact calls for an adjustment which is made by adding to the check 
 book balance the checks outstanding; this total should equal the balance 
 shown on the statement. If an agreement is effected the account is 
 presumed to be correct. 
 
 Form 13 
 Adjustment Statement 
 
 (%LUy/3~^£s /3*J, 
 
 3C 
 
 */%. 
 
 (JZe^JLs*—^- ??"<*- 
 
 so 
 
 — 
 
 » / 2- 
 
 */ 
 
 J? (■ 
 
 * / 6 
 
 6 
 
 X e 
 
 > /7 
 
 // 
 
 /<S 
 
 > '* 
 
 / 
 
 77 
 
 A^tx^^&^<a%ixJ&i^ie^Tst- /£?zL£i- 
 
 c r 
 
 'f 
 
 If ordinary care is exercised there cannot be any difficulties in keep- 
 ing a bank account correctly. The important thing is to be systematic. 
 The convenience of making payments by checks should be evident from 
 the conditions under which check No. 2 is issued. Besides the con- 
 venience the check when returned is good evidence of payment and if 
 a voucher form is used the returned check is a receipt for the items 
 specified. 
 
i8 
 
 HOUSEHOLD ACCOUNTING 
 
 Buying on a Charge Account 
 
 Many purchases made from day to day will be paid for at the end of 
 the week or at the end of the month. These purchases are said to be 
 made on account. A record of these purchases must be made or one 
 is liable to pay for something that has not been purchased through a 
 mistake made by the selling clerk in charging a bill of another customer 
 to us. or an error may be made in the amount. There are two ways of 
 keeping a record of these purchases that are in quite general use. 
 
 The Book Method 
 
 The customer carries a small book furnished by the dealer in which 
 the items of each purchase are entered. The following form illustrates 
 this method. (Form 14.) 
 
 Form 15 
 
 226 
 
 Form 14 
 
 CLERK NO. 
 
 icT 
 
 Do not Alter a Cheek 
 
 Make a New One 
 
 In Opposite 
 
 Space Write 
 
 Charge or 
 
 CO. D. 
 
 23-42 
 
 ■N ACCOUNT WTTH 
 
 ARENSEN & FRANCHI 
 
 100 BROAD STREET 
 
 S3 
 
 AMOUNT OF SALE 
 
 2 4- 
 
 /?- 
 
 S-J/, r^J>J,sS 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 j° 
 
 
 
 
 *Xe 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ' <£ 
 
 
 x'A JI -**jZ*,J.y 
 
 
 
 
 j£X^_X^.~w 
 
 ^7? 
 
 /.*- 
 
 
 3- / 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 "S- v IF 2 
 
 „^.^/ 
 
 y 
 
 
 
 0- 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 In 
 
 Marge ir |x^. 
 C 0. D. _!^ 
 
 IIC.0.D. write 
 
 
 C. O. D. on P.T. NO. 
 
 MO. DAY YEAR 
 
 /J 
 
 226 
 
 X <f~ 
 
 yf ,^£kLe*s 
 
 ARTICLES 
 
 P'K'G'S 
 ENCLD 
 
 23-42 
 
HOUSEHOLD ACCOUNTING 19 
 
 When payment is made the dealer enters his receipt by writing or 
 stamping the date and "received payment" after the last item recorded. 
 The book is thus a purchase and receipt record. This method is fre- 
 quently used by grocers, meat markets, etc. 
 
 There are several disadvantages to this method ; the need of always 
 having the book ready, items must be copied, making a mistake pos- 
 sible, etc. 
 
 The Ticket Method 
 This is the method that is in most general use. When a purchase is 
 made two tickets are made out, an original and a duplicate, by means of 
 a carbon. One is sent to the accounting department of the store and 
 the other is given to the customer. At the end of the month the dealer 
 sends a statement containing all the charges for the period, and should 
 be checked by the customer by the aid of the tickets that have been 
 properly filed. (Form 15.) 
 
 The Petty Expense Book 
 
 This book is for the record of frequently occurring small items of 
 expense. It is not desirable to enter such items on the regular cash book 
 as each occurs, but the totals may be so entered whenever convenient. 
 
 In the following set the student will use a large sized envelope for the 
 currency and use the face of the envelope for the record of the receipts 
 and payments. As petty expenses are made and the cash is paid out, 
 enter the payment on the face of the envelope and put the ticket that 
 represents the expense in with the currency. Mark the ticket "paid" or 
 "entered." If there is 'not sufficient time to record the payment at the 
 time it is made, simply put the ticket inside and enter and check later. 
 At the end of the week, or as often as convenient, the record of the petty 
 expenses should be entered in the regular cash book and the currency in 
 the envelope proved with the record on the envelope. If there is no 
 ticket given you, as, for example, an item of car fare, make out a slip 
 yourself and put it in the envelope. 
 
 When the payments of the petty expenses are recorded in the regular 
 cash book and the cash proved, it would be well to record the date on the 
 envelope and file it away together with the expense tickets. Start a new 
 envelope with the remainder of the currency inside and the balance 
 recorded on the face of the envelope. (Form 16.) 
 
20 
 
 HOUSEHOLD ACCOUNTING 
 
 Form 1 6 
 
 /$- 
 
 / 
 
 
 CZ^£c*-c**&TT*i4^£^&(. : ? 
 
 2<7 
 
 / 
 / 
 
 3 
 
 Jo 
 so 
 
 7* 
 
 Filing Papers 
 
 Some system should be adopted for filing letters, bills, receipts, etc. 
 A simple hook placed on the wall as illustrated may be used (No. i), but 
 it is unsightly and unsanitary. The box file (No. 2) does very nicely if 
 one does not have a large number of papers to file. If a more elaborate 
 system is desired (No. 3), the cabinet illustrated, is one best adapted to 
 such work. 
 
 Form 17 
 
 No. l 
 
 No. 2 
 
HOUSEHOLD ACCOUNTING 
 
 21 
 
 ~T\ Ifmtt? ©rust auto ^autttgsi pank 
 
 Withdrawal 
 Order 
 
 _191_ 
 
 Received of the Home Trust and Savings Bank 
 
 (amount in words) 
 
 Dollars. $ 
 
 WHICH AMOUNT CHARGE TO MY ACCOUNT. 
 
 PASS BOOK NUMBER 
 
 LEDGER 
 
 100 
 
 (name) 
 
 SIG. APPROVED 
 
 (address). 
 
 (Pass too* must lie presented with this rectipt. ) 
 
 A FAMILY BUDGET 
 To the Student. The following transactions have to deal with a 
 family of five : Mr. and Mrs. Allan Brown and three children — Florence 
 
22 HOUSEHOLD ACCOUNTING 
 
 aged 1 8 years, Robert aged 12, and Bertha 9. Mr. B has a salary of 
 $1,500 per year. He turns over to Mrs. Brown $125 each month for the 
 support, maintenance and reserve of the family. She is to keep a com- 
 plete record of expenditures. 
 
 After a study of government reports, and statistics from other sources 
 on household expenditures, Mr. and Mrs. Brown decide on the following 
 distribution of expenditures, in round numbers : (The government report 
 published in 1903 gives the following distribution per hundred: Food, 
 $28.69; rent » $!7-i4; clothing, $16.18; fuel, $3.90; light, $1.21; sundries, 
 $22.88. Based on a salary of $1,500 per year.) 
 
 Family Budget of Expenditures 
 
 Food— 25 to 33 1/3% 
 
 Meats $100 . 00 
 
 ■ Groceries 300.00 
 
 Confectionery 1 5 • 00 
 
 Milk 50 . 00 $465 . 00 
 
 Clothing — 10 to 20% 
 
 Mr. B $80.00 
 
 Mrs. B 75 . 00 
 
 Florence 45 .00 
 
 Robert 40 . 00 
 
 Bertha ." 1 5 . 00 255 . 00 
 
 Rent — 15 to 20% — $20 per month . . . 240.00 
 
 Fuel — 3 to 4% 60.00 
 
 Light — 1 to i l /i% 15.00 
 
 Benevolence — 3 to 10% 45 . 00 
 
 Amusements — 1 to 5% 30.00 
 
 Doctors, Medicines — 1 to 3% 30.00 
 
 Entertainment — 1 % 1 5 • 00 
 
 Education — 4% 45 . 00 
 
 Insurance — 4% 45 . 00 
 
 Allowance 99.00 
 
 Sundries 
 
 Ice $4 . 50 
 
 Phone 2 . 50 
 
HOUSEHOLD ACCOUNTING 23 
 
 Repairs and breakage 1 5 . 00 
 
 Laundry 10. 00 
 
 Extra help 12.00 44. 00 
 
 $1,388.00 
 Savings — Deposited in savings bank 112.00 
 
 Total salary $1,500.00 
 
 It must be borne in mind that the above distribution of income is 
 based on statistics and statistics show averages ; that is, the expenditures 
 of a large number of families of nearly the same conditions and environ- 
 ment are added and an average obtained. Mathematically speaking, if 
 the number of records is odd, there is but one person who is on the aver- 
 age; if the number is even, there is no average person, one-half are 
 above and one-half are below the average. There is no such thing as a 
 normal or average that fits each individual of a class or group. Even two 
 persons with the same income will not agree as to the distribution. One 
 will spend more for food and less for clothing, while the other will spend 
 more for clothing and less for food. Different occupations will call for 
 a different distribution. One may be compelled to wear clothes of up-to- 
 date cut and pattern, while another may properly wear the cheapest 
 grade of clothing. Carefully compiled statistics furnish us a model or 
 pattern by which to govern our actions. The most carefully compiled 
 statistics appear erroneous when placed side by side with present condi- 
 tions on account of the constantly changing prices. But statistics are 
 the records of past conditions, and the one making use of them has but 
 to compare the prices of one period with those of another to determine 
 whether the estimate is to be increased or decreased. Probably during 
 the past ten years one would be safe in saying that there has been an 
 upward tendency in the price of all foodstuffs, and likewise a less upward 
 tendency in the price of clothing. This fact established enables us to 
 amend our estimates and bring them up to present conditions. 
 
 The statistics of most value to a firm or family are the recorded 
 expenditures of this firm or famly for a series of years. Having this 
 information before the householder, economies may be practiced here 
 and there. 
 
 The desideratum of all expenditures for a consumptive purpose is a 
 maximum return for a minimum expenditure. This is true economy. 
 
24 
 
 HOUSEHOLD ACCOUNTING 
 
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HOUSEHOLD ACCOUNTING 
 
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 HOUSEHOLD ACCOUNTING 
 
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HOUSEHOLD ACCOUNTING 27 
 
 PROBLEMS OF HOUSEHOLD MANAGEMENT 
 
 Note. — It is understood that this family has a complete outfit of 
 furniture, clothing, etc., suitable to their condition in life. The house or 
 apartment occupied has six regular rooms, a hall, a bathroom and a 
 pantry. 
 
 It is not expected that all of the following problems shall be solved : 
 
 1. Criticise the distribution of the income. Point out where you 
 think a saving could be made. Perhaps you would increase some amount. 
 Why? 
 
 2. Make a list of the main articles Mr. B. will purchase for the $80 
 allowance. 
 
 3. Make a list of Mr. B.'s articles on hand and the cost thereof. 
 
 4. Make a list of Mrs. B.'s articles of clothing on hand and the value 
 of the same. 
 
 5. Make a list of the clothing of the children. 
 
 6. Make a list of the furniture in the dining room and its cost ; of the 
 living room ; of the kitchen ; of the bedrooms. 
 
 7. A birthday dinner is to be given Bertha and nine of her girl friends. 
 Make out a menu for it, limiting the cost to $5. 
 
 8. Mr. and Mrs. B. have decided to celebrate their twentieth wedding 
 anniversary by inviting to dinner four married couples. Write out the 
 menu for the occasion. It is not to cost more than $10. 
 
 9. Make a list of papers, magazines, etc., that this family should 
 have. 
 
 10. Mrs. B. is to go on a visit to friends at a distance of 175 miles. 
 Make out a list of her probable expenses for the trip. She will be away 
 ten days. 
 
 11. Make a graph of the expenditures of this family. Use one vertical 
 line and 14 horizontal lines of unequal lengths running from the vertical 
 line as a base. 
 
 12. Make a graph (problem 11), but use a circle of about six inches 
 in diameter. 
 
 13. Sept. 1st it is proposed to purchase enough staple groceries for the 
 balance of the year at wholesale prices. Make out a list of the articles 
 you propose to purchase, together with the prices at wholesale and retail 
 rates. What saving is made ? 
 
 14. Make out a budget of expenditures for a family of five on a salary 
 of $1,000 per year. Use above percentages. 
 
28 HOUSEHOLD ACCOUNTING 
 
 15. Make out a list of supplies (groceries) such as would probably be 
 kept on hand. 
 
 16. Make out a budget of expenditures for a family of four on a salary 
 of $750 per year. 
 
 17. Make graphs for Problems 14 and 16. 
 
 18. What capital would this family need to start with an entire new 
 outfit by way of furniture, carpets and rugs for the house and clothing 
 outfit for each member of the family? 
 
 19. It is decided to expend $50 for staple groceries to cover a period 
 of four months. You draw out of your savings bank account the money 
 required and thus lose 3% interest for six months. Make out a list of 
 the articles you purchase at both wholesale and retail rates and find 
 whether you have gained or not and how much. 
 
 20. A family of four, Mr. and Mrs. C. with two children, Ella 16 and 
 Daniel 12, have a yearly income of $1,800. At the beginning of each 
 month Mr. C, turns over to Mrs. C. the month's salary of $150 to be dis- 
 tributed for the benefit of all, as their several interests appear. Mr. and 
 Mrs. C. decide to use the per cents in the several distributions shown 
 on page 22. 
 
 a. Make out a budget of the amounts to be expended for the several 
 purposes. 
 
 b. Make out a graph using a circle of about six inches in diameter. 
 
 c. Make a distribution of the total clothing allowance among the 
 four members of the family. 
 
 d. Make out a list of the articles each member of the family will buy 
 during the year according to your plans. Show economies made by 
 buying articles out of season. Do not guess at this, you must show your 
 figures. Also show savings made by buying material and hiring a 
 helper in sewing, say for a week, and doing the work at home. 
 
 e. Draw up a schedule showing the months when the purchases 
 (including costs of the same) are to be made for each member of the 
 family. Form 20 suggests a convenient arrangement for the items of the 
 schedule. 
 
 Note. — Remember that all the members of the family cannot be 
 equipped with the year's purchases during any one or two months, unless 
 at the end of the year. 
 
 f. Show a saving by buying a four months' supply of staple groceries 
 and canned goods. Give actual wholesale and retail prices and itemize 
 
HOUSEHOLD ACCOUNTING 
 
 Form 21 
 
 29 
 
 
 JAN. 
 
 FEB. 
 
 MAR. 
 
 APR. 
 
 MAY 
 
 JUNE 
 
 E. 
 
 Mr. C 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Mrs. C 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ELLA 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 DANIEL 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 your bill. Many wholesale firms will give you wholesale prices on pur- 
 chases of as small amounts as ten dollars. 
 
 g. This family occupies a seven-room apartment. Make out a list of 
 furniture they have to furnish these rooms. It must be suitable and 
 within the means of a family with the income named. Considering the 
 furniture new, what would it cost today? Get a catalogue of any good 
 furniture house for reference. 
 
 h. It is decided to put up a suitable supply of canned fruits during 
 June, July and August. What are you going to put up and what will be 
 the cost? Compare this cost with the retail cost if bought as it would 
 be consumed. 
 
 i. Make out a list, together with the cost, of the articles of clothing 
 each member of the family had at the beginning of the present year. 
 
 INTRODUCTION SET ONE 
 
 In the following set it is understood that each member of the family 
 has a complete wardrobe, that the house or apartment has the proper 
 equipment of furniture, and that there is a supply of groceries, canned 
 goods and miscellaneous items on hand amounting to $25. These are 
 properly spoken of as inventories and need not be included in the fol- 
 lowing set of accounts to be written up by the student. The one in charge 
 of the accounts should have a complete list of each of the above desig- 
 nated equipments or inventories. For example, if at the end of the 
 year it is found that there are $35 of groceries on hand it is evident that 
 the cost of groceries for the year is $10 less than the amount shown on 
 the cash book. 
 
 The teacher, or some designated student, will act as banker whenever 
 transactions of a banking character are to be carried out, e. g., making 
 deposits, cashing checks, making change, drawing savings, etc. All pay- 
 ments of currency and checks will be handed to the teacher, or some 
 designated student. 
 
Section II 
 
 SET ONE 
 TRANSACTIONS FOR JANUARY 
 
 Jan. 2, 19 — . Mrs. Brown receives a check or currency for $125 for 
 month's expenditures. 
 
 Deposits the check or currency in the bank. 
 
 Instruction. — a. Indorse the check (see Form 11). b. Make out 
 deposit ticket (see Form 5). c. Have the amount entered in the pass 
 book (see Form 6). d. Enter the deposit on the first stub in the check 
 book (see Form 7). e. Enter the amount in the cash book (Form 19). 
 
 Jan. 2. Draw a check for $30 for the purpose of paying small items of 
 expense during the month. (In this set you will be directed to draw 
 but one currency check per month. In practice you would probably 
 draw several times a month and in smaller amounts, so as not to have 
 so much cash about the house.) 
 
 Instruction. — a. Write up the check, making it payable to "Cur- 
 rency," and deduct the amount of the check from the amount shown on 
 the stub as being in the bank. (Form 7.) Be sure that the form on the 
 back of all checks you write is properly filled out. b. Hand the check 
 to the teacher, or some designated student acting as your banker, and 
 receive $30 in currency, c. Place the currency in your currency envelope 
 and enter the amount in the petty expense book after the student has 
 ruled the form for this book on the face of the envelope, (see Form 16.) 
 Do not enter this amount in the cash book. 
 
 3- 
 
 Jan. 2. Pay C A. Johnson, agent, for rent for the present month, $20. 
 
 Instruction. — a. Write out a check and fill out the stub, deducting 
 
 the amount of the check from the bank balance. Fill out the voucher on 
 
 the back of the stub, "Jan. 2, Rent for house for Jan., $20." Hand the 
 
 check to your teacher. 
 
 30 
 
HOUSEHOLD ACCOUNTING 31 
 
 4- 
 
 Jan. 16. Pay the following petty expenses : Gas bill for one month 
 $1.25 (gas range used at times); daily paper $.25; sundry small items 
 $1.50; Mr. and Mrs. B. theater $2.00; allowances: Robert $1.00; Flor- 
 ence $1.00; Bertha $.25; Mr. B. $3.00; Mrs. B. $3.00 (see Form 16). 
 
 Instruction. — Take the amount of the several items from the cur- 
 rency envelope and hand it to your teacher, or designated student. Re- 
 cord the payment on the face of the envelope and put payment slips in 
 the envelope. 
 
 Jan. 21. Pay the following petty expenses: Extra help, $1.50; post- 
 age stamps, $-50; phone, $.25. 
 
 Instruction. — Same as Transaction 4. 
 
 5- 
 
 Jan. 31. Pay the following petty expenses: Laundry bill for the 
 month $.50; daily paper $.50; church $2.25; News Boys' Home $2.50; 
 theater tickets for Mr. and Mrs. B. $2.00. 
 
 6. 
 
 Feb. 2. Pay the following January bills (statements) per check for 
 the month : 
 
 Arnesen & Franchi for meats $8.50; milk $4.25; for groceries $23.75; 
 confectionery $2.00. 
 
 Post Office News Co. a check for $5.00 for subscriptions to the fol- 
 lowing magazines : Literary Digest, Saturday Evening Post, Youth's 
 Companion. 
 
 7- 
 Feb. 2. Pay Carson, Scott & Co. : , 
 
 Jan. 4. 1 bolt longcloth, 50 yds. at 15c (charge to stock) 
 
 25 yd. lace trimming at 8c (charge to stock) 
 
 15 yd. lace trimming at 12^ c (charge to stock) 
 
 Jan. 10. Repairing shoes $1.00 (Robert and Bertha each one-half) 
 
 1 pair suspenders 75c (Mr. B.) 
 
 1 pair garters 25c (Mr. B.) 
 
 Mrs. B. examines the bill and enters the parenthetical explanations, 
 showing to whom or to what the items are to be charged. 
 Write on back of check, "Jan. 31, Bill of goods " 
 
32 HOUSEHOLD ACCOUNTING 
 
 8. 
 
 Feb. 2. Bought of W. J. Rand & Co., 4 tons coal at $7.50 per ton. 
 You will pay one-half of the bill in February and the balance in March. 
 Note. — Carry the bill in the drawer marked "Unpaid Bills." 
 
 9- 
 
 Feb. 2. Deposit in savings bank, $15. Write a check in favor of the 
 Home Trust and Savings Bank. Have the amount entered in your pass 
 book. 
 
 10. 
 
 Enter in the cash book the petty expenses as recorded on the face of 
 "expense envelope" and also record the payment of all checks issued 
 except the one for currency. Find the total payments and the balance 
 of cash called for by the cash book. This sum must equal the amount 
 you have in the bank plus the amount in the expense envelope. If your 
 cash book is correct rule it up and enter the footings according to Form 
 19, pages 24 and 25. Bring down the balance. 
 
 Questions 
 
 How much currency have you on hand? 
 
 What is your bank balance according to your check book? 
 
 How many cancelled checks were returned to you by the banker? 
 
 CHECK PROOF 
 
 You will receive a report from the bank similar to the one on page 16 
 called a bank statement. 
 
 The statement exhibits the following: 
 
 1. Balance from previous month, if any. 
 
 2. Total deposits for the month. 
 
 3. Total checks paid for the month. 
 
 4. The balance in the bank to your credit. 
 
 The statement is also accompanied by the checks that have been paid 
 by the bank during the month and charged to your account. These 
 checks are stamped "paid" or "cancelled." 
 
 The student will make out a check proof, the form of which is given 
 on page 17. 
 
HOUSEHOLD ACCOUNTING 33 
 
 HOW TO MAKE OUT A CHECK PROOF 
 
 First, if all checks drawn and issued during the month are presented 
 to the bank for payment the check book balance will agree with the bank 
 statement balance and nothing further by way of a proof is necessary 
 other than a comparison. 
 
 Second,. if there is a difference between the two balances indicated, 
 it is caused by the holders of some checks not having presented them .to 
 the bank. If there is a difference, the bank statement balance will be the 
 greater. In either case some record must be made to show that a proof 
 has been taken. Therefore, the following steps are to be observed : 
 
 i. Arrange the cancelled checks returned in numerical order. 
 
 2. Compare the checks in order with the stubs, placing a large sized 
 check mark on the stub and also one on the corresponding check. 
 
 3. When all the checks have been thus disposed of, the remaining 
 stubs not checked will represent the checks drawn that have not yet been 
 presented to the bank for payment. 
 
 4. Draw up a statement starting with the check book balance, to 
 which is to be added the amounts indicated by the unchecked stubs. The 
 total should equal the balance exhibited on the bank statement sheet. 
 
 5. Copy the check proof in red ink on the back of the last stub facing 
 the check book balance. 
 
 TRANSACTIONS FOR FEBRUARY 
 
 11. 
 
 Feb. 1. Mrs. Brown receives a check for $125 for month's expenses. 
 
 Instructions. — Same as for Jan. 2. 
 
 Note. — Since your bills for January are not all paid until a day or so 
 after the first of February, it will be necessary to delay the recording of 
 any receipts or payments of February that might happen to be made on 
 these days. In this text, however, the separation is made. 
 
 12. 
 Feb. 1. Deposit the check. 
 Instructions. — Same as for Jan. 2. 
 
 13- 
 
 Feb. 2. Draw a check for $ for the purpose of paying small bills 
 
 during the month. 
 
34 HOUSEHOLD ACCOUNTING 
 
 Note. — The student will determine the amount," and if a sufficient is' 
 not drawn for the month, a second check may be drawn. 
 Instructions. — Same as for Jan. 2. 
 
 14- 
 
 Feb. 2. Pay rent for month. 
 
 Instructions. — Make a check payable to agent named in January, and 
 dispose of transaction as previously instructed. 
 
 IS- 
 
 Feb. 15. Pay the following petty expenses: Gas for month $1.22; 
 opera tickets for three members of the family $3.00; allowances: Robert 
 $1.00; Mr. B. $3.00; Mrs. B. $3.00; y 2 cord kindling $2.75; daily papers 
 $.28; phone $.10; extra help $1.00; laundry $.40. 
 
 16. 
 
 Feb. 28. Pay the following petty expenses: Allowances. Florence' 
 $1.00; Bertha $.25; church $2.50; Working Girls' Home $3.00. 
 
 17- 
 
 Mar. 2. Pay the following February bills per checks : 
 
 Arnesen & Franchi, for meats $10.74; groceries $24.50; milk $4.20; 
 and confectionery $1.00. 
 
 Note. — $2.50 from meat bill and $2.00 from groceries to be charged to 
 entertainment. 
 
 Carson, Scott & Co. : 
 
 (Education) Feb. 1. 1 Latin grammar $ .85 
 
 (Education) I Plane and solid geometry .90 
 
 (Education) 1 Bookkeeping outfit 1 . 30 
 
 (Education) 1 Set drawing tools 1 . 75 
 
 (Mr. B.) 1 Doz. handkerchiefs . 1 . 50 
 
 (Mr. B.) 12. 1 Pr. shoes 3 . 50 
 
 (Mrs. B.) 1 Pr. low shoes 2.25 
 
 (Florence) 1 Pr. shoes 3. 00 
 
 (Mrs. B.) 1 Pr. house slippers 1 .00 
 
 (Robert) 21. 1 Cap 35 
 
 (Bertha) 2 yd. hair ribbon (for) .50 
 
 (Bertha) 3 Pr. garters (for) .20 
 
 (Education) 1 Commercial geography 1 .00 
 
HOUSEHOLD ACCOUNTING 35 
 
 Pay one-half of coal bill. 
 
 Dr. Elgin MaWhinney, dentist bil 1 . $5.50 (Mr.B.) 
 
 Gottschalk School of Music, music lessons for Florence, $5.00. 
 Deposit in savings bank, $5.00. 
 
 18. 
 
 Prove the cash, rule up the columns, and enter the footings for the 
 month ending and for the year. The latter will include the totals for 
 the months of January and February. 
 
 Mrs. B. and Florence have made up the material purchased and paid 
 for Jan. 31st, which was charged to "stock." 
 
 The items are to be charged to the clothing allowance as follows : 
 
 Underwear $3-8o (Mrs. B.) 
 
 Underwear 3 . 50 (Florence) 
 
 Underwear 2.08 (Bertha) 
 
 Waists 2 .00 (Robert) 
 
 Note. — These articles have already been entered among your pay- 
 ments for January. In order to avoid the appearance of double payment 
 you will record the transfer to the personal account in red ink. Thus, 
 credit a stock account with $11.38, and charge the several items to the 
 proper clothing account- The stock account will now balance. The red 
 ink numbers will be included in the columnar totals, but not in the hori- 
 zontal totals or cash payments. This method of entering items in red 
 ink may be made use of for many purposes without interfering with the 
 regular records of receipts and payments. Some of these numbers are 
 indicated on Form 19 by stars (*). 
 
 TRANSACTIONS FOR MARCH 
 
 19. 
 
 Mar. 1. Mrs. Brown receives check for $125 for month's expenses. 
 
 20. 
 
 Mar. 2. Deposit the check. 
 
 21. 
 Mar. 2. Pay rent by check. 
 
 22. 
 
 Mar. 2. Draw check for petty expenses. 
 
36 HOUSEHOLD ACCOUNTING 
 
 23. 
 
 Mar. 15. Pay the following petty expenses: Gas $1.31 ; allowances: 
 Florence $1.00; Bertha $.25; Mr. B. $3.00; Mrs. B. $3.00; daily papers $.19. 
 
 24. 
 
 Mar. 24. Pay the following petty expenses: Laundry $.70; kindling 
 $1.30; extra help $.75; incidentals: matches $.25; tacks $.10; picture 
 wire $.15; Robert $1.00. 
 
 25. 
 
 Mar. 31. Pay the following bills by checks: 
 
 Arnesen & Franchi, meats $8.00; groceries $24.00; milk $4.15; con- 
 fectionery $.85. 
 
 Carson, Scott & Co. : 
 
 Mar. 4. Shoe repairs $ .75 (Mr. B.) 
 
 6. Winter suit iS-oo (Mrs. B.) 
 
 2 suits extra heavy underwear. 2.00 (Mrs. B.) 
 
 8. 1 corset 1.50 (Florence) 
 
 1 suit heavy underwear 1.00 (Florence) 
 
 10. 1 pr. shoes 2.00 (Robert) 
 
 L pr. shoes 1.50 (Bertha) 
 
 18. 2 pr. mittens 50 (Robert and Bertha) 
 
 1 rain coat 6.00 (Mr. B.) 
 
 4 pr. stockings 1.00 (Bertha) 
 
 Pay bill for music lessons for Florence (same as for Feb.) 
 Pay balance of coal bill. 
 Draw check for savings $3.00. 
 
 26. 
 
 Prove your cash. 
 
 Rule up the columns and enter the two sets of footings. 
 
 TRANSACTIONS FOR APRIL 
 
 27. 
 Apr. 1. Mrs. B receives check for $125. 
 
 28. 
 
 Apr. 1. Deposit check. 
 
HOUSEHOLD ACCOUNTING 
 
 37 
 
 29. 
 
 Apr. 2. Pay rent for month per check. 
 
 30. 
 
 Apr. 4. Draw check for $20 for payment of small bills. 
 
 3i- 
 Apr. 15. Pay petty expenses as follows: gas $1.20; Robert $1.00; 
 Mr. B $3.00; Mrs. B $3.00; daily papers $.35 ; writing paper and envelopes 
 $.20. 
 
 32- 
 
 Apr. 30. Pay petty expenses: incidentals $.75; Florence $1.00; Bertha 
 $.25; sundry small items $.75; cleaning gloves $.25; (Mrs. B); laundry 
 $.75; phone $.25, 
 
 33- 
 
 May 2. Pay the following bills by checks : 
 
 Arnesen & Franchi $7.50 for meats, milk $4.15, confectionery $1.00, 
 groceries $24.50. 
 
 Carson Scatt & Co. : 
 
 Apr. 2. Shoe repairs $ .50 (Bertha) 
 
 10. 1 pr. gloves 50 (Mrs. B) 
 
 1 hat 1.50 (Mrs. B) 
 
 1 lingerie waist 1.00 (Mrs. B) 
 
 12. 2 wash ties 25 (Mr. B) 
 
 2 shirts 2.00 (Mr. B) 
 
 1 hat 2.00 (Florence) 
 
 1 pr. gloves -50 (Florence) 
 
 20. 1 hat 5° (Robert) 
 
 1 sweater 2.00 (Robert) 
 
 1 hat 25 (Bertha) 
 
 1 white dress ' 80 (Bertha) 
 
 1 gingham dress 2.00 (Mrs. B) 
 
 1 pr. garters 05 (Mrs. B) 
 
 25. 2 suits heavy underwear 6.0c (Mr. B) 
 
 1 belt -50 (Mr. B) 
 
 1 corset • 3-0° ( Mrs - B ) 
 
 Dentist bill for Mrs. B $4.75. 
 
38 
 
 HOUSEHOLD ACCOUNTING 
 
 Music lessons for month for Florence. 
 
 Semi-annual premium on policy on life of Mr. B. $12.50 to N. Y. 
 Life Co. 
 
 Deposit savings $10.00. 
 
 34- 
 
 Prove the cash. 
 
 Rule up the columns and enter the two sets of footings. 
 Make out a statement showing amount expended and balance to be 
 expended. . Show over and under expenditures as compared with esti- 
 mates. 
 
 Form 22 
 Statement of Appropriations and Expenditures 
 
 ITEMS 
 
 APPROPRIATION 
 
 EXPENDED 
 
 UNDER 
 
 OVER 
 
 MEATS 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 GROCERIES 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 TOTALS 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 TRANSACTIONS FOR MAY 
 
 35- 
 
 May 1. Mrs. B receives check for the usual amount. 
 
 36. 
 
 May 1. Deposit the check. 
 
 37- 
 May 2. Pay rent by check. 
 
 38. 
 
 May 5. Draw check for $20 for petty expenses. Make the check 
 payable to your grocer who has consented to cash it. 
 
 39- 
 
 May 15. Pay petty expenses as follows: gas $1.10; Robert $1.00, 
 Mrs. B $3.00, Mr. B $3.00; daily papers $.40; theater tickets for Mr. and 
 Mrs. B $2.50. 
 
 40. 
 
 May 31. Pay petty expenses as follows: incidentals $.25; Florence 
 $1.00; Bertha $.25; phone $.15; laundry $.60; tickets to lecture course 
 for family $3.50. 
 
HOUSEHOLD ACCOUNTING 39 
 
 41. 
 
 June 2. Pay the following bills by checks : Arnesen & Franchi : meats 
 $7.25; groceries $21.75; milk $4-05; confectionery $1.10. 
 Home for Crippled Children $5.00. 
 
 Home Fire Insurance Co. for renewal for one year $3.25. 
 Carson, Scott & Co. : 
 
 May 4. 1 Suit $20.00 (Mr. B) 
 
 Yi doz. hdkfs 75 (Florence) 
 
 y 2 doz. hdkfs 20 (Bertha) 
 
 10. 3 gingham petticoats (material) ... .75 (Mrs. B) 
 
 2 waists 1.50 (Florence) 
 
 15. Shoe repairs 50 (Robt.) 
 
 Deposit check for savings $20.00. 
 
 42. 
 
 Prove the cash; rule up the columns and enter the two sets of foot- 
 ings. 
 
 TRANSACTIONS FOR JUNE 
 
 43- 
 June 1. Mrs. B receives monthly allowance and deposits it. 
 
 44. 
 June 2. Pay rent by check. 
 
 45- 
 June 6. Draw check for petty expenses: (The grocer will cash it.) 
 Note. — The teacher may direct each student to draw a different 
 amount. 
 
 46. 
 
 June 15. Pay the following petty expenses: gas $.90, Florence $1.00, 
 Bertha $.25, Mr. B $3.00, Mrs. B $3.00, daily papers $.35. 
 
 47- 
 
 You may draw from your savings this month $5.50 for the purpose 
 of purchasing fruits for canning, (see Form 18.) Charge to "Stock." 
 
 Make out a list of the raw material (fruits, sugar, etc.) that you in- 
 tend to buy, figure total cost, include gas, of goods canned and compare 
 with present market prices to determine the saving, if any. 
 
40 HOUSEHOLD ACCOUNTING 
 
 Note. — Show the withdrawal of money from your savings and enter 
 as a cash receipt in the cash book. 
 
 48. 
 
 June 30. Pay the following petty expenses: amusements $1.25; in- 
 cidentals $.75; Robert $1.00; phone $.15; extra help $1.00; laundry $.60; 
 ice $.75. 
 
 49. 
 
 July 2. Pay the following bills by checks : Arnesen & Franchi meats 
 $7.43, groceries $26.00, milk $3.95, confectionery $.90. 
 Carson, Scott & Co. : 
 
 June 5. Cleaning suit $1.00 (Mr. B) 
 
 8. 1 gingham dress 2.00 (Mrs. B.) 
 
 1 umbrella 2.00 (Mrs. B.) 
 
 12. 3 gingham dresses 3.50 (Florence) 
 
 1 pr. shoes 1.50 (Bertha) 
 
 1 suit 3.00 (Robert) 
 
 1 gingham dress 1.00 (Bertha) 
 
 Deposit in savings bank $20.00. 
 
 50. 
 
 Prove the cash, rule up the columns and enter the two sets of foot- 
 ings. 
 
 TRANSACTIONS FOR JULY 
 
 Note. — It is assumed that the student has had sufficient practice in 
 the filling out of business papers and unless otherwise instructed by the 
 teacher only the bookkeeping records will be made for the transactions 
 following. 
 
 Si- 
 
 July 1. Mrs, B receives monthly allowance and deposits it. 
 
 The student will enter the savings bank interest as a receipt. 
 
 52. 
 
 July 2. Pay rent by check. 
 
 53- 
 
 July 4. Draw check for petty expenses. 
 
 July 4. The family decide on a week's vacation or outing beginning 
 on the 7th inst. The student will prepare a plan for the outing, place to 
 go, car fare, and various items of expense. 
 
HOUSEHOLD ACCOUNTING 41 
 
 The total amount to be spent for the trip is $30. One-third of this 
 amount is for groceries taken from home and will be charged on this 
 month's grocery bill. Pay cash for the balance. Make out a practical 
 lists of these supplies 
 
 54- 
 
 July 15. Pay the following petty expense bills: gas $.92; Robert $1.00: 
 Mr. B $3.00; Mrs. B $3.00; daily papers $.25; incidentals $.08. 
 
 55- 
 
 July 16. Draw out $4.75 from the savings account and invest in 
 canned goods, (see Trans. 47 for information.) 
 
 56 
 
 July 31. Pay the following petty expense bills: amusements $1.75; 
 incidentals $.30; Florence $1.00; Bertha $.25; phone $.20; laundry $.50; 
 ice $2.00. 
 
 57- 
 
 Aug. 2. Pay the following bills by checks : 
 
 N. Y. Life Co. for semi-annual premium on life of Mr. B $12.75 ( new 
 policy.) 
 
 Arnesen & Franchi, meats $6.24, groceries $23.00, milk $2.75, con- 
 fectionery $.65. 
 
 Carson, Scott & Co. : 
 
 July 5. Yt. doz. Holeproof hose $ 1.50 (Mr. B) 
 
 1 doz. collars 1.50 (Mr. B) 
 
 3 pr. stockings 1.00 (Mrs. B) 
 
 3 pr. stockings 1.00 (Florence) 
 
 10. 2 suits underwear 2.00 (Mrs. B) 
 
 1 spring suit 18.00 (Florence) 
 
 20. 1 pr. shoes 2.00 (Robt.) 
 
 Shoe repairs 5° (Bertha) 
 
 Deposit check for savings $20.00. 
 
 58. 
 Prove the cash, rule up the columns, and enter the two sets of footings. 
 
 TRANSACTIONS FOR AUGUST 
 
 59- 
 Aug. 1. Mrs. B receives monthly allowance and deposits it. 
 
 60. 
 Aug. 2. Pay rent by check. 
 
42 HOUSEHOLD ACCOUNTING 
 
 61. 
 
 Aug. 17. Pay the following petty expenses: gas $-85; incidentals $.15; 
 Florence $1.00; Mr. B $3.00; Mrs. B $3.00; daily papers $.25. 
 
 62. 
 
 Aug. 18. Invest $4.25 from the savings account in fruits for canning 
 (see Trans. 47 and 55). 
 
 63. 
 
 Aug. 31. Pay petty expenses as follows: amusements $1.25; y 2 cord 
 kindling $2.25; extra help $.75; ice $2.00; laundry $.55; phone $.20; trip 
 on lake, for family $4.00. 
 
 64. 
 
 Sept. 2. Pay following bills by checks : 
 
 Arnesen & Franchi, meats $7.85, groceries $18.50, milk $4.00, con- 
 fectionery $1.15. 
 
 Buy four tons hard coal at $6.50 (same party you bought of in Jan.), 
 pay one-half of bill this month and balance next month. 
 Family dentist for work for Florence and Bertha $7.50. 
 Carson, Scott & Co. : 
 
 Aug. 5. 1 pr. shoes $3- 50 (Mr. B) 
 
 1 pr. suspenders 35 (Mr. B) 
 
 Hair ribbons 30 (Bertha) 
 
 12. 4 pr. stockings 1.00 (Robt.) 
 
 4 shirts 3.00 (Mr. B) 
 
 1 pr. shoes 2. 50 (Florence) 
 
 1 pr. shoes 3.00 (Mrs. B) 
 
 2 pr. lisle hose 50 (Mrs. B) : 
 
 20. 1 foulard dress (Material) 5.00 (Mrs. B) 
 
 1 corset 1. 00 (Florence) 
 
 1 house dress (Material) 50 (Florence) 
 
 Deposit in savings bank $5.00. 
 
 Prove the cash, rule up the columns, and enter the two sets of foot- 
 ings. 
 
 TRANSACTIONS FOR SEPTEMBER 
 
 65. 
 
 Sept. I. Mrs. B receives allowance and deposits it. 
 
HOUSEHOLD ACCOUNTING 43 
 
 66. 
 
 Sept. 2. Pay rent. 
 
 67. 
 
 Sept. 15. Pay petty expenses: allowances to members of the family; 
 sundries $.20; gas $1.05. 
 
 68. 
 
 Sept. 28. Pay petty expenses: phone $.30; repairing rugs and car- 
 pets $5.25; laundry $.70; ice $1.00. 
 
 69. 
 Oct. 2. Pay following September bills by checks : 
 Balance of coal bill. 
 
 Arnesen & Franchi, meats $8.16, groceries $21.40, milk $4.10, con- 
 fectionery $1.10. 
 
 Carson, Scott & Co. : 
 
 Sept. 1. History of English Literature $ 1.16 Education 
 
 A. & G.'s Ovid 1.50 Education 
 
 F.'s Advanced Civics 1.00 Education 
 
 W.'s Commercial Law 94 Education 
 
 M.'s Descriptive Chemistry 1.00 Education 
 
 M.'s Ancient History 1.50 Education 
 
 5. 1 spring suit 11.00 (Mr. B) 
 
 I hat 2.00 (Mrs. B) 
 
 1 hat 2.00 (Florence) 
 
 10. Shoe repairs (F $1.20) (Mrs. B $.75) 
 
 (Robt. $.50) 2.45 
 
 1 pr. shoes 1-5° (Robert) 
 
 20. 1 straw hat 50 (Mr. B) 
 
 25. 5 yd. challis at 25c. (charge to stock) 
 
 2 yd. lawn at 20c. 
 6 yd. voile at 75c. 
 
 4 yd. ribbon elastic at 8c. 
 10 yd. gingham at iSJ^c. 
 12 yd. percale at I2j^c. 
 "jY 2 yd. madras at 15c. 
 
 5 yd. lace 25c. 
 
 6 yd. calico 10c. 
 
 15 yd. gingham 10c. 
 
44 HOUSEHOLD ACCOUNTING 
 
 70. 
 Prove cash, enter footings and rule up the columns. 
 
 TRANSACTIONS FOR OCTOBER 
 
 Oct. 1. Mrs. B. receives check. 
 
 72. 
 Oct. 2. Deposit check. 
 
 73- 
 Oct. 3. Pay rent for the month by check. 
 
 74- 
 Oct. 5. Draw check for petty expenses. 
 
 75- 
 Oct. 16. Pay petty expenses: gas $1.11; Florence $1.00; Bertha $.25; 
 Mr. B. $3.00; Mrs. B. $3.00; daily papers $.25; gymnastic lessons $1.00 
 (Florence and Robert); incidentals $.14. 
 
 76. 
 
 Oct. 31. Pay petty expenses for the month: amusements $2.00; inci- 
 dentals $.15; Robert $1.00; extra help $1.00; laundry $.85. 
 
 77- 
 Nov. 2. Pay by check the following bills : Arnesen & Franchi : meats 
 $8.25; groceries $18.50, milk $4.00, confectionery $1.00. 
 
 Carson, Scott & Co. : 
 
 Oct. 2. 1 hat $2.50 (Mr. B) 
 
 1 hat (material) 5.00 (Mrs. B) 
 
 1 pr. gloves 1.00 (Florence) 
 
 10. 1 corset -. 3.00 (Mrs. B) 
 
 1 pr. silk stockings 75 (Florence) 
 
 1 pr. gloves 85 (Florence) 
 
 y 2 doz. hdkfs 30 (Robert) 
 
 15. Shoe repairs ^o (Bertha) 
 
 1 hat (material) 50 (Bertha) 
 
HOUSEHOLD ACCOUNTING 45 
 
 78. 
 
 Pay N. Y. Life Insurance Company semi-annual premium $12.50. 
 
 Deposit in savings bank $25.00. 
 
 Transfer $2.50 of canned goods from stock to groceries. 
 
 79- 
 
 Prove the cash and rule up the columns and enter the two sets of 
 footings. 
 
 TRANSACTIONS FOR NOVEMBER 
 80. 
 
 Nov. 1. Mrs. B. receives allowance and deposits it. 
 
 81. 
 Nov. 3. Pay rent for month. 
 
 82. 
 
 Nov. 15. Pay petty expenses: Mr. B. $3.00; Robert $1.00; entertain- 
 ment $2.25; kindling $.79; gas $1.21. 
 
 83. 
 
 Nov. 26. (Thanksgiving Day.) Give 3 baskets of food to three poor 
 families in the neighborhood. Cost of the 3 baskets $5.00. Of this 
 amount $1.25 is the value of canned goods taken from stock; the balance 
 you buy. 
 
 Write out a list of possible contents of the baskets. 
 
 84. 
 
 Nov. 30. Pay petty expenses: Mrs. B. $3.00; Florence $1.00; Bertha 
 $.25; gas $1.20; incidentals $.30; gymnastic lessons $1.00 (Florence and 
 Robt); phone $.20; extra help $1.30; laundry $.80; repairing living room 
 furniture $6.15. 
 
 85. 
 
 Dec. 2. Pay following November bills by checks: 
 
 Dr. D. B. Holcomb for services $8.50 (Bertha.) 
 
 Arnesen & Franchi : meats $8.76, groceries $16.25, milk $3.25, confec- 
 tionery $1.20. 
 
 Carson. Scott & Co.: 
 
46 HOUSEHOLD ACCOUNTING 
 
 Nov. 4. 1 pr. gloves $ .75 (Mr. B) 
 
 1 rain coat 6.00 (Mr. B) 
 
 6. 1 lingerie waist 1.75 (Mrs. B) 
 
 Trimming for silk dress made over. . . .50 (Florence) 
 
 10. 1 pr. shoes 2.00 (Robert) 
 
 1 pr. rubbers 50 (Bertha) 
 
 1 suit 3.00 (Robert) 
 
 17. 1 coat 4.00 (Bertha) 
 
 Cleaning suit 1.00 (Mr. B) 
 
 1 pr. mittens 25 (Bertha) 
 
 86. 
 
 Deposit in savings bank $15.00. 
 
 Transfer $2.60 from stock of canned goods to groceries. 
 
 87. 
 
 Prove the cash, enter footings and rule up columns. 
 
 TRANSACTIONS FOR DECEMBER 
 
 88. 
 Dec. 2. Mrs. B. receives allowance and deposits it in the bank. 
 
 89. 
 Dec. 3. Pay rent for month. 
 
 90. 
 
 Dec. 15. Pay petty expenses as follows: Mr. B. $3.00; Mrs. B. $3.00; 
 Christmas presents $8.00; daily papers $.30; sundries $.20; gymnastic 
 lessons $1.00; gas $1.25. 
 
 91. 
 
 Dec. 25. Florence with the help of Bertha makes up 2 rag dolls with 
 water colors, each doll is to have two complete outfits made up from 
 left-overs and some material purchased. The amount paid out is $.80 
 for the two dolls. 
 
 Present them to a day nursery. 
 
 Analyze the make-up. 
 
 92. 
 
 Dec. 30. Pay petty expenses as follows: Robt. $1.00; Bertha $.25; 
 Florence $1.00; phone $.20; extra help $2.00; laundry $1.05; gas $1.50. 
 
HOUSEHOLD ACCOUNTING 47 
 
 93- 
 
 Jan. r. Present an orphan asylum with 10 pounds of home made 
 candy, cost in money expended $1.50. 
 
 Analyze the cost of material used and compare cost with cost of same 
 kind and amount of candy purchased at a confectionery. 
 
 94. 
 Jan. 2. Pay December bills as follows by checks : 
 
 Arnesen & Franchi: meats $10.15, groceries $22.40, milk $4.75, con- 
 fectionery $2.50. 
 
 Charge $5.00 from the grocery bill to entertainment. 
 Carson, Scott & Co. : 
 
 Dec. 4. 4 ties at 25c $1.00 (Mr. B) 
 
 1 pr. shoes •. 2.50 (Florence) 
 
 1 pr. shoes 1.50 (Bertha) 
 
 8. 2 flannelette petticoats (material) . . . .40 (Bertha) 
 
 1 pr. mittens 25 (Robert) 
 
 Pay church for pew rent for year $15.00. 
 Have interest credited for past term. 
 
 95- 
 Deposit all currency in savings bank except $5.00. 
 The articles paid for on Oct. 2 and charged to "stock" have been made 
 up by Mrs. B. and Florence and the items to be charged to the several 
 clothing amounts are as follows: Mrs. B. $7.96; Florence $3.08; Robt. 
 $1.13; Bertha $1.83. ' 
 
 96. 
 Transfer $3.65 from stock to groceries. 
 Prove the cash, enter the footings and rule up the columns. 
 
 97-. 
 
 (a) Make out a statement exhibiting appropriations and expenditures 
 for year, showing over and under amounts. See form at end of April. 
 
 (b) The supply of groceries on hand is invoiced at $35.00 which in- 
 cludes the amount that was on hand at the beginning of the year. 
 
 (c) There is an unpaid bill of $21.50 for repairing, and furniture pur- 
 chased during December to be paid for on Jan. 15th. 
 
 (d) Show in statement form the amount of the savings of this fam- 
 ily for the year. 
 
 (e) What per cent of the income is it? 
 
 (f) Make a graph of the expenditures. (Use a six-inch circle.)